As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 2014
1933 Act File No. 002-27962
1940 Act File No. 811-01545
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION |
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WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 |
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FORM N-1A |
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REGISTRATION STATEMENT
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POST-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. 139 |
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REGISTRATION STATEMENT
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AMENDMENT NO. 126 |
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EATON VANCE SPECIAL INVESTMENT TRUST |
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(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter) |
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Two International Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02110 |
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(Address of Principal Executive Offices) |
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(617) 482-8260 |
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(Registrant ’ s Telephone Number) |
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MAUREEN A. GEMMA |
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Two International Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02110 |
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(Name and Address of Agent for Service) |
It is proposed that this filing will become effective pursuant to Rule 485 (check appropriate box): |
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immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b) |
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on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) |
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on May 1, 2014 pursuant to paragraph (b) |
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75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) |
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60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) |
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on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) |
If appropriate, check the following box: |
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This post effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment. |
Dividend Builder Portfolio, Greater India Portfolio, Investment Grade Income Portfolio, Large-Cap Core Research Portfolio, Large-Cap Growth Portfolio and Large-Cap Value Portfolio have also executed this Registration Statement.
Eaton Vance Balanced Fund
Class A Shares - EVIFX Class B Shares - EMIFX Class C Shares - ECIFX Class I Shares - EIIFX
Eaton Vance Dividend Builder Fund
Class A Shares - EVTMX Class B Shares - EMTMX Class C Shares - ECTMX Class I Shares - EIUTX
Eaton Vance Large-Cap Core Research Fund
Class A Shares - EAERX Class C Shares - ECERX Class I Shares - EIERX
Eaton Vance Large-Cap Growth Fund
Class A Shares - EALCX Class C Shares - ECLCX Class I Shares - ELCIX Class R Shares - ELCRX
Eaton Vance Large-Cap Value Fund
Class A Shares - EHSTX Class C Shares - ECSTX Class I Shares - EILVX Class R Shares - ERSTX
Eaton Vance Real Estate Fund
Class A Shares - EAREX Class I Shares - EIREX
Eaton Vance Small-Cap Fund
Class A Shares - ETEGX
Class B Shares - EBSMX
Class C Shares - ECSMX
Class I Shares - EISGX
Class R Shares - ERSGX
Eaton Vance Small-Cap Value Fund
Class A Shares - EAVSX Class B Shares - EBVSX Class C Shares - ECVSX Class I Shares - EIVSX
Eaton Vance Special Equities Fund
Class A Shares - EVSEX Class C Shares - ECSEX Class I Shares - EISEX
Prospectus Dated
May 1,
2014
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved these securities or determined whether this Prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
This Prospectus contains important information about the Funds and the services
available to shareholders. Please save it for reference.
Table of Contents
Fund Summaries |
3 |
Balanced Fund |
3 |
Dividend Builder Fund |
8 |
Large-Cap Core Research Fund |
12 |
Large-Cap Growth Fund |
16 |
Large-Cap Value Fund |
19 |
Real Estate Fund |
22 |
Small-Cap Fund |
26 |
Small-Cap Value Fund |
29 |
Special Equities Fund |
32 |
Important Information Regarding Fund Shares |
35 |
Investment Objectives & Principal Policies and Risks |
36 |
Management and Organization |
42 |
Valuing Shares |
46 |
Purchasing Shares |
46 |
Sales Charges |
50 |
Redeeming Shares |
52 |
Shareholder Account Features |
53 |
Additional Tax Information |
54 |
Financial Highlights |
56 |
Balanced Fund |
56 |
Dividend Builder Fund |
58 |
Large-Cap Core Research Fund |
60 |
Large-Cap Growth Fund |
61 |
Large-Cap Value Fund |
63 |
Real Estate Fund |
65 |
Small-Cap Fund |
66 |
Small-Cap Value Fund |
68 |
Special Equities Fund |
70 |
Further Information about the Portfolios |
72 |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
2
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Fund Summaries
Eaton Vance Balanced Fund
Investment Objective
The Funds investment objective is to provide current income and long-term growth of capital.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for a reduced sales charge if you invest, or agree to invest over a 13-month period, at least $50,000 in Eaton Vance Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in Sales Charges beginning on page
50
of this Prospectus and page
25
of the Funds Statement of Additional Information.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of offering price) |
5.75% |
None |
None |
None |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at purchase or redemption) |
None |
5.00% |
1.00% |
None |
(1)
Reflects the Funds allocable share of the advisory fees and other expenses of the Portfolios in which it invests.
Example. This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over the portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was
9
% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by allocating assets between common stocks and fixed-income securities through its investment in two other registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance Management or its affiliates (the Portfolios). The Fund usually invests between 50% and 75% of its net assets in equity securities by investing in Large-Cap Core Research Portfolio and between 25% and 50% of its net assets in fixed-income securities by investing in Investment Grade Income Portfolio. Set forth below is an overview of the Funds investment practices, followed by a description of the characteristics and risks associated with the principal investments and strategies of the Fund as a result of its investment in the Portfolios.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
3
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
The Funds equity securities are primarily common stocks of large-cap companies. Large-cap companies are companies having market capitalizations
above
the
20
th
percentile
of
all
companies included in the S&P 500 Index
. The Funds fixed-income securities may include preferred stocks, corporate bonds, U.S. Government securities, money market instruments, mortgage-backed securities (including collateralized mortgage obligations), commercial mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities (including collateralized debt obligations and collateralized loan obligations), convertible debt securities, inflation-linked debt securities and municipal securities. A significant portion of the Funds fixed-income investments may be in securities issued by various U.S. Government-sponsored entities, such as the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, the Federal National Mortgage Association and Federal Home Loan Banks. Fixed-income securities may be of any credit quality, but investment in securities rated below investment grade (i.e., rated below BBB by Standard & Poors Ratings Services (S&P) or Baa by Moodys Investors Service, Inc. (Moodys) or by Fitch Ratings (Fitch)) (so-called junk bonds) and credit derivatives where the credit rating of the reference instrument is below investment grade will be limited to not more than 15% of total fixed-income assets.
For purposes of rating restrictions, if securities are rated differently by the rating agencies, the higher rating is used.
The Fund may invest up to 25% of its total assets in foreign securities, some of which may be located in emerging market countries. As an alternative to holding foreign securities directly, the Fund may invest in dollar-denominated securities of foreign companies that trade on U.S. exchanges or in the over-the-counter market (including depositary receipts that evidence ownership in underlying foreign stocks and Eurodollar and Yankee Dollar instruments). The Fund may invest up to 10% of its net assets in real estate investment trusts and may lend its securities.
The Fund may engage in derivative transactions to seek return, to hedge against fluctuations in securities prices, interest rates or currency exchange rates, or as a substitute for the purchase or sale of securities or currencies. Permitted derivatives include: the purchase or sale of credit derivatives, including credit default swaps, interest rate swaps, total return swaps, forward rate contracts and credit options. Permitted derivatives also include: the purchase or sale of forwards or futures contracts; options on futures contracts; exchange traded and over-the-counter options; swaptions; equity collars and equity swap agreements. The Fund may also engage in covered short sales (on individual securities held or on an index or basket of securities whose constituents are held in whole or in part or for which liquid assets have been segregated) and repurchase agreements.
To determine the exact percentage of the Funds assets that will be invested from time to time in each Portfolio, the portfolio managers of the Portfolios meet periodically and, taking market and other factors into consideration, agree upon an appropriate allocation.
Principal Risks
Equity Investing Risk. The Funds shares may be sensitive to stock market volatility and the stocks in which the Fund invests may be more volatile than the stock market as a whole. The value of equity investments and related instruments may decline in response to conditions affecting the general economy; overall market changes; local, regional or global political, social or economic instability; and currency, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations, as well as issuer or sector specific events. Market conditions may affect certain types of stocks (such as large-cap stocks) to a greater extent than other types of stocks. If the stock market declines, the value of Fund shares will also likely decline and although stock values can rebound, there is no assurance that values will return to previous levels. Preferred stocks may also be sensitive to changes in interest rates. When interest rates rise, the value of preferred stocks will generally fall.
Debt Market Risk. Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for investments held by the Fund, which may reduce their market prices and cause the value of Fund shares to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted. Certain securities and other investments held by the Fund can experience downturns in trading activity and, at such times, the supply of such instruments in the market may exceed the demand. At other times, the demand for such instruments may exceed the supply in the market. An imbalance in supply and demand in the market may result in valuation uncertainties and greater volatility, less liquidity, wider trading spreads and a lack of price transparency in the market. No active trading market may exist for certain investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such assets. Adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of some actively traded investments. Fixed income markets have recently experienced a period of relatively high volatility. If the Federal Reserve continues to taper or reverse its quantitative easing stimulus program and/or increases interest rates, fixed income markets could experience continuing high volatility, which could negatively impact the Funds performance.
Interest Rate Risk.
In general
, the value of
income
securities will fluctuate based on changes in interest rates. The value of these securities
is likely to
increase
when interest rates
fall and
decline
when interest rates
rise.
Generally,
securities with longer
durations
are more sensitive to changes in interest rates than
shorter
duration securities. In a
rising interest rate environment
, the duration of income securities that have
the
ability to be prepaid
or
called by
the
issuer may be extended.
In a declining interest rate environment,
the
proceeds
from prepaid or maturing instruments may have to be reinvested
at
a
lower
interest rate
.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
4
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Credit Risk. Investments in debt obligations are subject to the risk of non-payment of scheduled principal and interest. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances may reduce the capacity of the party obligated to make principal and interest payments on such instruments and may lead to defaults. Such non-payments and defaults may reduce the value of Fund shares and income distributions. The value of a debt obligation also may decline because of concerns about the issuers ability to make principal and interest payments. In addition, the credit ratings of fixed-income securities may be lowered if the financial condition of the party obligated to make payments with respect to such instruments changes. Credit ratings assigned by rating agencies are based on a number of factors and do not necessarily reflect the issuers current financial condition or the volatility or liquidity of the security. In the event of bankruptcy of the issuer of fixed-income securities, the Fund could experience delays or limitations with respect to its ability to realize the benefits of any collateral securing the instrument. In order to enforce its rights in the event of a default, bankruptcy or similar situation, the Fund may be required to retain legal or similar counsel. This may increase the Funds operating expenses and adversely affect net asset value.
Risk of Lower Rated Investments. Investments rated below investment grade and comparable unrated investments (junk bonds) have speculative characteristics because of the credit risk associated with their issuers. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances typically have a greater effect on the ability of issuers of lower rated investments to make principal and interest payments than they do on issuers of higher rated investments. An economic downturn generally leads to a higher non-payment rate, and a lower rated investment may lose significant value before a default occurs. Lower rated investments typically are subject to greater price volatility and illiquidity than higher rated investments.
Risk of U.S. Government-Sponsored Agencies. Although certain U.S. Government-sponsored agencies (such as the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation and the Federal National Mortgage Association) may be chartered or sponsored by acts of Congress, their securities are neither issued nor guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury.
Foreign and Emerging Market Investment Risk. Because the Fund can invest a portion of its assets in foreign instruments, the value of Fund shares can be adversely affected by changes in currency exchange rates and political, economic and market developments abroad. In emerging or less developed countries, these risks can be more significant. Investment markets in emerging market countries are typically substantially smaller, less liquid and more volatile than the major markets in developed countries. As a result, Fund share values may be more volatile than if the Fund invested only in developed markets. Emerging market countries may have relatively unstable governments and economies. Emerging market investments often are subject to speculative trading, which typically contributes to volatility. Trading in foreign and emerging markets typically involves higher expense than trading in the United States. The Fund may have difficulties enforcing its legal or contractual rights in a foreign country. The value of investments denominated in foreign currencies can be adversely affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Depositary receipts are subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities, including political, economic and market risks.
Smaller Company Equity Risk.
The stocks of smaller, less seasoned companies are generally subject to greater price fluctuations, limited liquidity, higher transaction costs and higher investment risk
than the stocks of larger, more established companies.
Smaller, less seasoned companies may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, may be dependent on a limited management group, and may lack substantial capital reserves or an established performance record. There may be generally less publicly available information about such companies than for larger, more established companies.
Real Estate Investment Trust Risk. Real estate investment trusts (REITs) are subject to special risks associated with real estate. Securities of companies in the real estate industry are sensitive to factors such as changes in real estate values, property taxes, interest rates, cash flow of underlying real estate assets, occupancy rates, government regulations affecting zoning, land use, and rents, and the management skill and creditworthiness of the issuer. Companies in the real estate industry may also be subject to liabilities under environmental and hazardous waste laws, among others. Changes in underlying real estate values may have an exaggerated effect to the extent that REITs concentrate investments in particular geographic regions or property types.
Derivatives Risk. The use of derivatives can lead to losses because of adverse movements in the price or value of the asset, index, rate or instrument underlying a derivative, due to failure of a counterparty or due to tax or regulatory constraints. Derivatives may create economic leverage in the Fund, which magnifies the Funds exposure to the underlying investment. Derivatives risk may be more significant when derivatives are used to enhance return or as a substitute for a cash investment position, rather than solely to hedge the risk of a position held by the Fund. When derivatives are used to gain or limit exposure to a particular market or market segment, their performance may not correlate as expected to the performance of such market, thereby causing the Fund to fail to achieve its original purpose for using such derivatives. A decision as to whether, when and how to use derivatives involves the exercise of specialized skill and judgment, and a transaction may be unsuccessful in whole or in part because of market behavior or unexpected events. Derivative instruments traded in over-the-counter markets may be difficult to value, may be illiquid, and may be subject to wide swings in valuation caused by changes in the value of the underlying instrument. If a derivatives counterparty is unable to honor its commitments, the value of Fund shares may decline
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
5
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
and the Fund could experience delays in the return of collateral or other assets held by the counterparty. The loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Securities Lending Risk. Securities lending involves possible delay in recovery of the securities or possible loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower fail financially. As a result, the value of Fund shares may fall and there may be a delay in recovering the loaned securities. The value of Fund shares could also fall if a loan is called and the Fund is required to liquidate reinvested collateral at a loss or if the investment adviser is unable to reinvest cash collateral at rates that exceed the costs involved.
Risks Associated with Active Management. The Fund is an actively managed portfolio and its success depends upon the investment skills and analytical abilities of the investment adviser to develop and effectively implement strategies to achieve the Funds investment objective. Subjective decisions made by the investment adviser may cause the Fund to incur losses or to miss profit opportunities on which it may otherwise have capitalized.
General Fund Investing Risks. The Fund is not a complete investment program and you may lose money by investing in the Fund. All investments carry a certain amount of risk and there is no guarantee that the Fund will be able to achieve its investment objective. Annual Fund Operating Expenses expressed as a percentage of the Funds average daily net assets may change as Fund assets increase and decrease, and Annual Fund Operating Expenses may differ in the future. Purchase and redemption activities by Fund shareholders may impact the management of the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective. In addition, the redemption by one or more large shareholders or groups of shareholders of their holdings in the Fund could have an adverse impact on the remaining shareholders in the Fund. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person. Mutual funds, investment advisers, other market participants and many securities markets are subject to rules and regulations and the jurisdiction of one or more regulators. Changes to applicable rules and regulations could have an adverse affect on securities markets and market participants, as well as on the Funds ability to execute its investment strategy.
Performance
The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Funds performance from year to year and how the Funds average annual returns over time compare with those of two broad-based securities market indices. The returns in the bar chart are for Class A shares and do not reflect a sales charge. If the sales charge was reflected, the returns would be lower. Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com.
For
the ten years ended December 31,
2013
, the highest quarterly total return for Class A was
14.09
% for the quarter ended
September
30,
2009
, and the lowest quarterly return was 16.14% for the quarter ended September 30, 2008.
These returns reflect the maximum sales charge for Class A (5.75%) and any applicable contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) for Class B and Class C. The Class I performance shown above for the period prior to September 28, 2012 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Class A shares at net asset value without adjustment for any differences in the expenses of the two classes. If adjusted for other expenses, returns would be different. Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.
After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from the after-tax returns presented for Class A shares. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Management
Investment Adviser.
Boston Management and Research (BMR
).
Portfolio Managers
Charles B. Gaffney, Vice President of BMR, has managed Large-Cap Core Research Portfolio and its predecessor fund since 2007.
Thomas H. Luster, Vice President of BMR, has co-managed Investment Grade Income Portfolio since 2010.
Bernard Scozzafava, Vice President of BMR, has co-managed Investment Grade Income Portfolio since 2010.
For important information about purchase and sale of shares, taxes and financial intermediary compensation, please turn to Important Information Regarding Fund Shares on page 35 of this Prospectus.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
7
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Dividend Builder Fund
Investment Objective
The Funds investment objective is to seek total return.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for a reduced sales charge if you invest, or agree to invest over a 13-month period, at least $50,000 in Eaton Vance Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in Sales Charges beginning on page
50
of this Prospectus and page
25
of the Funds Statement of Additional Information.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of offering price) |
5.75% |
None |
None |
None |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at purchase or redemption) |
None |
5.00% |
1.00% |
None |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) (1) |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Management Fees |
0.63% |
0.63% |
0.63% |
0.63% |
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.25% |
1.00% |
1.00% |
n/a |
Other Expenses |
0.18 % |
0.18 % |
0.18 % |
0.18 % |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
1.06% |
1.81% |
1.81% |
0.81% |
(1)
Expenses in the table above and the Example below reflect the expenses of the Fund and the Dividend Builder Portfolio (the Portfolio), the Funds master Portfolio.
Example. This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
|
Expenses with Redemption |
Expenses without Redemption |
||||||
|
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
Class A shares |
$ 677 |
$ 893 |
$ 1,126 |
$ 1,795 |
$ 677 |
$ 893 |
$ 1,126 |
$ 1,795 |
Class B shares |
$ 684 |
$ 969 |
$ 1,180 |
$ 1,930 |
$ 184 |
$ 569 |
$ 980 |
$ 1,930 |
Class C shares |
$ 284 |
$ 569 |
$ 980 |
$ 2,127 |
$ 184 |
$ 569 |
$ 980 |
$ 2,127 |
Class I shares |
$ 83 |
$ 259 |
$ 450 |
$ 1,002 |
$ 83 |
$ 259 |
$ 450 |
$ 1,002 |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over the portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was
59
% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in dividend-paying common stocks and dividend-paying or interest-bearing securities that are convertible into common stock (the 80% Policy). The Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in fixed-income securities, including (with respect to up to 10% of its net assets) securities rated BBB by Standard & Poors Ratings Services (S&P) or Baa by Moodys Investors Service, Inc. (Moodys) or below and unrated securities determined by the investment adviser to be of comparable quality. For purposes of rating restrictions, if securities are rated differently by
the
rating agencies, the
higher
rating is used. The Fund may also invest in non-income producing securities. The Fund may invest up to 35% of its total assets in foreign securities, some of which may be located in emerging market countries. As an alternative to holding foreign stocks directly, the Fund may invest in dollar-denominated securities of foreign companies that trade on U.S. exchanges or in the over-the-counter market (including depositary receipts that evidence
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
8
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
ownership in underlying foreign stocks). The Fund may invest up to 10% of its net assets in real estate investment trusts and may lend its securities.
The Fund may engage in derivative transactions to seek return, to hedge against fluctuations in securities prices, interest rates or currency exchange rates, or as a substitute for the purchase or sale of securities or currencies. The Fund expects to use derivatives principally when seeking to hedge against fluctuations in currency exchange rates through the use of forward foreign currency exchange contracts
or to generate income by writing covered call options or put options. The Fund may also enter into a combination of option transactions on individual securities.
Permitted derivatives include: the purchase or sale of forward or futures contracts; options on futures contracts; exchange-traded and over-the-counter options; equity collars and equity swap agreements. The Fund may also engage in covered short sales (on individual securities held or on an index or basket of securities whose constituents are held in whole or in part or for which liquid assets have been segregated).
The portfolio
manager seeks
to purchase securities that
he believes
are reasonably priced in relation to their fundamental value and that may produce attractive levels of dividend income and offer the potential for dividend growth, while growing in value over time. The portfolio
manager
may also seek to purchase companies that
he believes
have the potential to initiate or reinstate a dividend in the foreseeable future.
Portfolio securities
are
selected
by
a team of investment research analysts in
the investment advisers
equity
research
group working together with the portfolio manager. In
making
recommendations for the
portfolio
, the team of equity research analysts makes investment judgments primarily on the basis of fundamental research analysis. Fundamental research involves,
(among other factors) a companys earnings or cash flow capabilities, financial strength, growth potential, the strength of the companys business franchises and management team, sustainability of a companys competitiveness, and estimates of the companys net value.
The portfolio manager also uses quantitative portfolio optimization and risk management techniques in constructing the portfolio. The portfolio manager
may sell a security when the investment advisers price objective for the stock is reached or the fundamentals of the company deteriorate or to pursue more attractive investment options. The portfolio
manager seeks
to manage investment risk by maintaining broad issuer and industry diversification among the Funds holdings, and by utilizing fundamental analysis of risk/return characteristics
and quantitative portfolio optimization
in securities selection.
The Fund currently invests its assets in
the
Portfolio
,
a separate registered investment company with the same investment objective and policies as the Fund.
Principal Risks
Equity Investing Risk. The Funds shares are sensitive to stock market volatility and the stocks in which the Fund invests may be more volatile than the stock market as a whole. The prices of stocks may decline in response to conditions affecting the general economy; overall market changes; local, regional or global political, social or economic instability; and currency, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations, as well as issuer or sector specific events. Market conditions may affect certain types of stocks (such as large-cap stocks) to a greater extent than other types of stocks. If the stock market declines, the value of Fund shares will also likely decline and, although stock values can rebound, there is no assurance that values will return to previous levels.
Income Risk. The Funds ability to distribute income to shareholders will depend on the yield available on the common stocks and convertible securities and fixed-income securities held by the Fund. Changes in the dividend policies of companies held by the Fund could make it difficult for the Fund to provide a predictable level of income.
Foreign and Emerging Market Investment Risk. Because the Fund can invest a portion of its assets in foreign instruments, the value of Fund shares can be adversely affected by changes in currency exchange rates and political, economic and market developments abroad. In emerging or less developed countries, these risks can be more significant. Investment markets in emerging market countries are typically substantially smaller, less liquid and more volatile than the major markets in developed countries. As a result, Fund share values may be more volatile than if the Fund invested only in developed markets. Emerging market countries may have relatively unstable governments and economies. Emerging market investments often are subject to speculative trading, which typically contributes to volatility. Trading in foreign and emerging markets typically involves higher expense than trading in the United States. The Fund may have difficulties enforcing its legal or contractual rights in a foreign country. The value of investments denominated in foreign currencies can be adversely affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Depositary receipts are subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities, including political, economic and market risks.
Fixed-Income and Convertible Security Risk. If the Fund invests in fixed-income securities or convertible securities, the Fund ’ s shares may be sensitive to increases in prevailing interest rates and the creditworthiness of issuers. An imbalance in supply and demand in the fixed-income market may result in valuation uncertainties and greater volatility, less liquidity, widening credit spreads and a lack of price transparency in the market. Fixed-income securities and convertible securities rated below investment grade and comparable unrated securities have speculative characteristics because of the credit risk associated with their issuers. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances typically have a greater effect on the ability of issuers of lower rated investments to make principal and interest payments than they do on issuers of higher rated investments. An
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
9
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
economic downturn generally leads to a higher non-payment rate, and a lower rated investment may lose significant value before a default occurs. Lower rated investments generally are subject to greater price volatility and illiquidity than higher rated investments. Fixed-income markets have recently experienced a period of relatively high volatility. If the Federal Reserve continues to taper or reverse its quantitative easing stimulus program and/or increases interest rates, fixed-income markets could experience continuing high volatility.
Real Estate Investment Trust Risk. Real estate investment trusts (REITs) are subject to special risks associated with real estate. Securities of companies in the real estate industry are sensitive to factors such as changes in real estate values, property taxes, interest rates, cash flow of underlying real estate assets, occupancy rates, government regulations affecting zoning, land use, and rents, and the management skill and creditworthiness of the issuer. Companies in the real estate industry may also be subject to liabilities under environmental and hazardous waste laws, among others. Changes in underlying real estate values may have an exaggerated effect to the extent that REITs concentrate investments in particular geographic regions or property types.
Smaller Company Equity Risk. The stocks of smaller, less seasoned companies are generally subject to greater price fluctuations, limited liquidity, higher transaction costs and higher investment risk than the stocks of larger, more established companies. Smaller, less seasoned companies may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, may be dependent on a limited management group, and may lack substantial capital reserves or an established performance record. There may be generally less publicly available information about such companies than for larger, more established companies.
Derivatives Risk. The use of derivatives can lead to losses because of adverse movements in the price or value of the asset, index, rate or instrument underlying a derivative, due to failure of a counterparty or due to tax or regulatory constraints. Derivatives may create economic leverage in the Fund, which magnifies the Funds exposure to the underlying investment. Derivatives risk may be more significant when derivatives are used to enhance return or as a substitute for a cash investment position, rather than solely to hedge the risk of a position held by the Fund. When derivatives are used to gain or limit exposure to a particular market or market segment, their performance may not correlate as expected to the performance of such market, thereby causing the Fund to fail to achieve its original purpose for using such derivatives. A decision as to whether, when and how to use derivatives involves the exercise of specialized skill and judgment, and a transaction may be unsuccessful in whole or in part because of market behavior or unexpected events. Derivative instruments traded in over-the-counter markets may be difficult to value, may be illiquid, and may be subject to wide swings in valuation caused by changes in the value of the underlying instrument. If a derivatives counterparty is unable to honor its commitments, the value of Fund shares may decline and the Fund could experience delays in the return of collateral or other assets held by the counterparty. The loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Securities Lending Risk. Securities lending involves possible delay in recovery of the securities or possible loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower fail financially. As a result, the value of Fund shares may fall and there may be a delay in recovering the loaned securities. The value of Fund shares could also fall if a loan is called and the Fund is required to liquidate reinvested collateral at a loss or if the investment adviser is unable to reinvest cash collateral at rates that exceed the costs involved.
Risks Associated with Active Management.
The Fund is an actively managed portfolio and its success depends upon the
ability
of the investment adviser to develop and effectively implement strategies to achieve the Funds investment objective. Subjective decisions
may cause the Fund to incur losses or to miss profit opportunities on which it may otherwise have capitalized.
The investment adviser also uses quantitative portfolio optimization and risk management techniques in making investment decisions for the Fund. There can be no assurance that these techniques will achieve the desired results.
General Fund Investing Risks. The Fund is not a complete investment program and you may lose money by investing in the Fund. All investments carry a certain amount of risk and there is no guarantee that the Fund will be able to achieve its investment objective. Annual Fund Operating Expenses expressed as a percentage of the Funds average daily net assets may change as Fund assets increase and decrease, and Annual Fund Operating Expenses may differ in the future. Purchase and redemption activities by Fund shareholders may impact the management of the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective. In addition, the redemption by one or more large shareholders or groups of shareholders of their holdings in the Fund could have an adverse impact on the remaining shareholders in the Fund. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person. Mutual funds, investment advisers, other market participants and many securities markets are subject to rules and regulations and the jurisdiction of one or more regulators. Changes to applicable rules and regulations could have an adverse affect on securities markets and market participants, as well as on the Funds ability to execute its investment strategy.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
10
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Performance
The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Funds performance from year to year and how the Funds average annual returns over time compare with those of a broad-based securities market index. The returns in the bar chart are for Class A shares and do not reflect a sales charge. If the sales charge was reflected, the returns would be lower. Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com
.
For
the ten years ended December 31,
2013
, the highest quarterly total return for Class A was
14.52
% for the quarter ended
September
30,
2009
, and the lowest quarterly return was 20.45% for the quarter ended September 30, 2008.
These returns reflect the maximum sales charge for Class A (5.75%) and any applicable contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) for Class B and Class C. The Class I performance shown above for the period prior to June 20, 2005 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Class A shares at net asset value without adjustment for any differences in the expenses of the two classes. If adjusted for other expenses, returns would be different. Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.
After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from the after-tax returns presented for Class A shares. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Management
Investment Adviser. Boston Management and Research (BMR).
Portfolio Manager. The Portfolio is managed by Charles B. Gaffney, Vice President of BMR, who has managed the Portfolio since 2007.
For important information about purchase and sale of shares, taxes and financial intermediary compensation, please turn to Important Information Regarding Fund Shares on page 35 of this Prospectus.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
11
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Large-Cap Core Research Fund
Investment Objective
The Funds investment objective is to achieve long-term capital appreciation by investing in a diversified portfolio of equity securities.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for a reduced sales charge if you invest, or agree to invest over a 13-month period, at least $50,000 in Eaton Vance Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in Sales Charges beginning on page
50
of this Prospectus and page
25
of the Funds Statement of Additional Information.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) |
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of offering price) |
5.75% |
None |
None |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at purchase or redemption) |
None |
1.00% |
None |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) (1) |
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Management Fees |
0.80% |
0.80% |
0.80% |
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.25% |
1.00% |
n/a |
Other Expenses |
0.39 % |
0.39 % |
0.39 % |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
1.44% |
2.19% |
1.19% |
Expense Reimbursement (2) |
(0.19) % |
(0.19) % |
(0.19) % |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Expense Reimbursement |
1.25% |
2.00% |
1.00% |
(1)
Expenses in the table above and the Example below reflect the expenses of the Fund and the Large-Cap Core Research Portfolio (the Portfolio), the Funds master Portfolio.
(2)
The investment adviser and administrator have agreed to reimburse the Funds expenses to the extent that Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses exceed 1.25% for Class A shares, 2.00% for Class C shares and 1.00% for Class I shares. This expense reimbursement will continue through April 30,
2015
. Any amendment to or a termination of this reimbursement would require written approval of the Board of Trustees. The expense reimbursement relates to ordinary operating expenses only and does not include expenses such as: brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses
of unaffiliated funds
, interest expense, taxes or litigation expenses. Amounts reimbursed may be recouped by the investment adviser and administrator during the Funds current fiscal year to the extent actual expenses are less than the contractual expense cap during such year.
Example. This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
|
Expenses with Redemption |
Expenses without Redemption |
||||||
|
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
Class A shares |
$ 695 |
$ 987 |
$ 1,300 |
$ 2,185 |
$ 695 |
$ 987 |
$ 1,300 |
$ 2,185 |
Class C shares |
$ 303 |
$ 667 |
$ 1,157 |
$ 2,509 |
$ 203 |
$ 667 |
$ 1,157 |
$ 2,509 |
Class I shares |
$ 102 |
$ 359 |
$ 636 |
$ 1,426 |
$ 102 |
$ 359 |
$ 636 |
$ 1,426 |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over the portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was
90
% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in stocks of large-cap companies (the 80% Policy). Large-cap companies are companies having market capitalizations
above
the
20
th
percentile
of
all
companies included in the S&P 500 Index. The Fund generally intends to maintain investments in all or substantially all of the market sectors represented in the S&P 500 Index. Particular stocks owned will not mirror the S&P 500 Index. The Fund may invest up
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
12
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
to 25% of its assets in foreign securities located in developed or emerging market countries. As an alternative to holding foreign stocks directly, the Fund may invest in dollar-denominated securities of foreign companies that trade on U.S. exchanges or in the over-the-counter market (including depositary receipts which evidence ownership in underlying foreign stocks). The Fund may also invest in other pooled investment vehicles and may lend its securities.
The Fund may engage in derivative transactions to seek return, to hedge against fluctuations in securities prices or as a substitute for the purchase or sale of securities or currencies.
The Fund expects to use derivatives principally when seeking to gain exposure to equity securities by writing put options or to generate income by writing covered call options or put options. The Fund may also enter into a combination of option transactions on individual securities.
Permitted derivatives include: the purchase or sale of forward or futures contracts; options on futures contracts; exchange-traded and over-the-counter options; equity collars and equity swap agreements.
The portfolio securities are selected by a team of investment research analysts in the investment advisers equity research group, working together with the portfolio manager. Each analyst maintains responsibility for investments in his or her area of research coverage. Allocations among market sectors are determined by the portfolio manager and the analysts, using the market sector weightings of the S&P 500 Index as a benchmark. In selecting and managing the portfolio, the team of equity research analysts makes investment judgments primarily on the basis of fundamental research analysis. Fundamental research involves consideration of (among other factors) a companys earnings or cash flow capabilities, financial strength, growth potential, the strength of the companys business franchises and management team, sustainability of a companys competitiveness, and estimates of the companys net value.
The Fund currently invests its assets in
the
Portfolio
,
a separate registered investment company with the same investment objective and policies as the Fund.
Principal Risks
Equity Investing Risk. The Funds shares are sensitive to stock market volatility and the stocks in which the Fund invests may be more volatile than the stock market as a whole. The prices of stocks may decline in response to conditions affecting the general economy; overall market changes; local, regional or global political, social or economic instability; and currency, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations, as well as issuer or sector specific events. Market conditions may affect certain types of stocks (such as large-cap stocks) to a greater extent than other types of stocks. If the stock market declines, the value of Fund shares will also likely decline and, although stock values can rebound, there is no assurance that values will return to previous levels.
Foreign and Emerging Market Investment Risk. Because the Fund can invest a portion of its assets in foreign instruments, the value of Fund shares can be adversely affected by changes in currency exchange rates and political, economic and market developments abroad. In emerging or less developed countries, these risks can be more significant. Investment markets in emerging market countries are typically substantially smaller, less liquid and more volatile than the major markets in developed countries. As a result, Fund share values may be more volatile than if the Fund invested only in developed markets. Emerging market countries may have relatively unstable governments and economies. Emerging market investments often are subject to speculative trading, which typically contributes to volatility. Trading in foreign and emerging markets typically involves higher expense than trading in the United States. The Fund may have difficulties enforcing its legal or contractual rights in a foreign country. The value of investments denominated in foreign currencies can be adversely affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Depositary receipts are subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities, including political, economic and market risks.
Derivatives Risk. The use of derivatives can lead to losses because of adverse movements in the price or value of the asset, index, rate or instrument underlying a derivative, due to failure of a counterparty or due to tax or regulatory constraints. Derivatives may create economic leverage in the Fund, which magnifies the Funds exposure to the underlying investment. Derivatives risk may be more significant when derivatives are used to enhance return or as a substitute for a cash investment position, rather than solely to hedge the risk of a position held by the Fund. When derivatives are used to gain or limit exposure to a particular market or market segment, their performance may not correlate as expected to the performance of such market, thereby causing the Fund to fail to achieve its original purpose for using such derivatives. A decision as to whether, when and how to use derivatives involves the exercise of specialized skill and judgment, and a transaction may be unsuccessful in whole or in part because of market behavior or unexpected events. Derivative instruments traded in over-the-counter markets may be difficult to value, may be illiquid, and may be subject to wide swings in valuation caused by changes in the value of the underlying instrument. If a derivatives counterparty is unable to honor its commitments, the value of Fund shares may decline and the Fund could experience delays in the return of collateral or other assets held by the counterparty. The loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Smaller Company Equity Risk.
The stocks of smaller, less seasoned companies are generally subject to greater price fluctuations, limited liquidity, higher transaction costs and higher investment risk
than the stocks of larger, more established companies.
Smaller, less seasoned companies may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, may be
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
13
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
dependent on a limited management group, and may lack substantial capital reserves or an established performance record. There may be generally less publicly available information about such companies than for larger, more established companies.
Securities Lending Risk. Securities lending involves possible delay in recovery of the securities or possible loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower fail financially. As a result, the value of Fund shares may fall and there may be a delay in recovering the loaned securities. The value of Fund shares could also fall if a loan is called and the Fund is required to liquidate reinvested collateral at a loss or if the investment adviser is unable to reinvest cash collateral at rates that exceed the costs involved.
Risks Associated with Active Management. The Fund is an actively managed portfolio and its success depends upon the investment skills and analytical abilities of the investment adviser to develop and effectively implement strategies to achieve the Funds investment objective. Subjective decisions made by the investment adviser may cause the Fund to incur losses or to miss profit opportunities on which it may otherwise have capitalized.
General Fund Investing Risks. The Fund is not a complete investment program and you may lose money by investing in the Fund. All investments carry a certain amount of risk and there is no guarantee that the Fund will be able to achieve its investment objective. Annual Fund Operating Expenses expressed as a percentage of the Funds average daily net assets may change as Fund assets increase and decrease, and Annual Fund Operating Expenses may differ in the future. Purchase and redemption activities by Fund shareholders may impact the management of the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective. In addition, the redemption by one or more large shareholders or groups of shareholders of their holdings in the Fund could have an adverse impact on the remaining shareholders in the Fund. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person. Mutual funds, investment advisers, other market participants and many securities markets are subject to rules and regulations and the jurisdiction of one or more regulators. Changes to applicable rules and regulations could have an adverse affect on securities markets and market participants, as well as on the Funds ability to execute its investment strategy.
Performance
The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Funds performance from year to year and how the Funds average annual returns over time compare with those of a broad-based securities market index. The returns in the bar chart are for Class A shares and do not reflect a sales charge. If the sales charge was reflected, the returns would be lower. Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. The Funds performance reflects the effects of expense reductions. Absent these reductions, performance would have been lower. Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com
.
For
the ten years ended December 31,
2013
, the highest quarterly total return for Class A was 14.
17
% for the quarter ended
September
30,
2009
, and the lowest quarterly return was 18.04% for the quarter ended December 31, 2008.
These returns reflect the maximum sales charge for Class A (5.75%) and any applicable contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) for Class C. The Class C performance shown above for the period prior to October 1, 2009 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Class A shares, adjusted for any applicable sales charge that applies to Class C shares (but not adjusted for any other differences in the
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
14
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
expenses of the two classes) and the Class I performance shown above for the period prior to September 3, 2008 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Class A shares at net asset value without adjustment for any differences in the expenses of the two classes. If adjusted for other expenses, returns would be different. Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.
After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from the after-tax returns presented for Class A shares. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Management
Investment Adviser. Boston Management and Research (BMR).
Portfolio Manager. The Portfolio is managed by Charles B. Gaffney, Vice President of BMR, who has managed the Portfolio and its predecessor fund since 2007.
For important information about purchase and sale of shares, taxes and financial intermediary compensation, please turn to Important Information Regarding Fund Shares on page 35 of this Prospectus.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
15
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Large-Cap Growth Fund
Investment Objective
The Funds investment objective is to seek total return.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for a reduced sales charge if you invest, or agree to invest over a 13-month period, at least $50,000 in Eaton Vance Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in Sales Charges beginning on page
50
of this Prospectus and page
25
of the Funds Statement of Additional Information.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) |
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Class R |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of offering price) |
5.75% |
None |
None |
None |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at purchase or redemption) |
None |
1.00% |
None |
None |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) (1) |
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Class R |
Management Fees |
0.80% |
0.80% |
0.80% |
0.80% |
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.25% |
1.00% |
n/a |
0.50% |
Other Expenses |
0.30 % |
0.30 % |
0.30 % |
0.30 % |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
1.35% |
2.10% |
1.10% |
1.60% |
Expense Reimbursement (2) |
(0.10) % |
(0.10) % |
(0.10) % |
(0.10) % |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Expense Reimbursement |
1.25% |
2.00% |
1.00% |
1.50% |
(1)
Expenses in the table above and the Example below reflect the expenses of the Fund and the Large-Cap Growth Portfolio (the Portfolio), the Funds master Portfolio.
(2)
The administrator has agreed to reimburse the Funds expenses to the extent that Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses exceed 1.25% for Class A shares, 2.00% for Class C shares, 1.00% for Class I shares and 1.50% for Class R shares. This expense reimbursement will continue through April 30,
2015
. Any amendment to or a termination of this reimbursement would require written approval of the Board of Trustees. The expense reimbursement relates to ordinary operating expenses only and does not include expenses such as: brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses
of unaffiliated funds
, interest expense, taxes or litigation expenses. Amounts reimbursed may be recouped by the administrator during the Funds current fiscal year to the extent actual expenses are less than the contractual expense cap during such year.
Example. This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
|
Expenses with Redemption |
Expenses without Redemption |
||||||
|
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
Class A shares |
$ 695 |
$ 969 |
$ 1,263 |
$ 2,097 |
$ 695 |
$ 969 |
$ 1,263 |
$ 2,097 |
Class C shares |
$ 303 |
$ 648 |
$ 1,120 |
$ 2,423 |
$ 203 |
$ 648 |
$ 1,120 |
$ 2,423 |
Class I shares |
$ 102 |
$ 340 |
$ 597 |
$ 1,331 |
$ 102 |
$ 340 |
$ 597 |
$ 1,331 |
Class R shares |
$ 153 |
$ 495 |
$ 861 |
$ 1,892 |
$ 153 |
$ 495 |
$ 861 |
$ 1,892 |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over the portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was
42
% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund invests in a broadly diversified selection of equity securities, seeking companies with above-average growth and financial strength. Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in large-cap companies (the 80% Policy). The portfolio managers generally consider large-cap companies to be those companies with a market
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
16
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
capitalization equal to or greater than the median capitalization of companies included in the Russell 1000 Growth Index. The Fund may invest up to 25% of its total assets in foreign securities, some of which may be located in emerging market countries. As an alternative to holding foreign stocks directly, the Fund may invest in dollar-denominated securities of foreign companies that trade on U.S. exchanges or in the over-the-counter market (including depositary receipts that evidence ownership in underlying foreign stocks). The Fund may also lend its securities.
The Fund employs a growth at a reasonable price investing style, seeking to acquire growing companies that the portfolio managers believe are reasonably priced in relation to their fundamental value. The portfolio managers may seek to capitalize on market volatility and the actions of short-term investors. Under normal conditions, stocks generally are acquired with the expectation of being held for the long-term. Investment decisions are made primarily on the basis of fundamental research. The portfolio managers utilize information provided by, and the expertise of, the investment advisers research staff in making investment decisions. In selecting stocks, the portfolio managers consider (among other factors) a companys earnings or cash flow capabilities, financial strength, growth potential, the strength of the companys business franchises and management team, sustainability of a companys competitiveness, and estimates of the companys net value. The portfolio managers may sell a security when they believe it is fully valued, the fundamentals of a company deteriorate, a stocks price falls below its acquisition cost, management fails to execute its strategy or to pursue more attractive investment options. The portfolio managers seek to manage investment risk by maintaining broad issuer and industry diversification among the Funds holdings, and by utilizing fundamental analysis of risk/return characteristics in securities selection.
The Fund currently invests its assets in
the
Portfolio
,
a separate registered investment company with the same investment objective and policies as the Fund.
Principal Risks
Equity Investing Risk. The Funds shares are sensitive to stock market volatility and the stocks in which the Fund invests may be more volatile than the stock market as a whole. The prices of stocks may decline in response to conditions affecting the general economy; overall market changes; local, regional or global political, social or economic instability; and currency, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations, as well as issuer or sector specific events. Market conditions may affect certain types of stocks (such as large-cap or growth stocks) to a greater extent than other types of stocks. If the stock market declines, the value of Fund shares will also likely decline and, although stock values can rebound, there is no assurance that values will return to previous levels.
Foreign and Emerging Market Investment Risk. Because the Fund can invest a portion of its assets in foreign instruments, the value of Fund shares can be adversely affected by changes in currency exchange rates and political, economic and market developments abroad. In emerging or less developed countries, these risks can be more significant. Investment markets in emerging market countries are typically substantially smaller, less liquid and more volatile than the major markets in developed countries. As a result, Fund share values may be more volatile than if the Fund invested only in developed markets. Emerging market countries may have relatively unstable governments and economies. Emerging market investments often are subject to speculative trading, which typically contributes to volatility. Trading in foreign and emerging markets typically involves higher expense than trading in the United States. The Fund may have difficulties enforcing its legal or contractual rights in a foreign country. The value of investments denominated in foreign currencies can be adversely affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Depositary receipts are subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities, including political, economic and market risks.
Securities Lending Risk. Securities lending involves possible delay in recovery of the securities or possible loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower fail financially. As a result, the value of Fund shares may fall and there may be a delay in recovering the loaned securities. The value of Fund shares could also fall if a loan is called and the Fund is required to liquidate reinvested collateral at a loss or if the investment adviser is unable to reinvest cash collateral at rates that exceed the costs involved.
Risks Associated with Active Management. The Fund is an actively managed portfolio and its success depends upon the investment skills and analytical abilities of the investment adviser to develop and effectively implement strategies to achieve the Funds investment objective. Subjective decisions made by the investment adviser may cause the Fund to incur losses or to miss profit opportunities on which it may otherwise have capitalized.
General Fund Investing Risks. The Fund is not a complete investment program and you may lose money by investing in the Fund. All investments carry a certain amount of risk and there is no guarantee that the Fund will be able to achieve its investment objective. Annual Fund Operating Expenses expressed as a percentage of the Funds average daily net assets may change as Fund assets increase and decrease, and Annual Fund Operating Expenses may differ in the future. Purchase and redemption activities by Fund shareholders may impact the management of the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective. In addition, the redemption by one or more large shareholders or groups of shareholders of their holdings in the Fund could have an adverse impact on the remaining shareholders in the Fund. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
17
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person. Mutual funds, investment advisers, other market participants and many securities markets are subject to rules and regulations and the jurisdiction of one or more regulators. Changes to applicable rules and regulations could have an adverse affect on securities markets and market participants, as well as on the Funds ability to execute its investment strategy.
Performance
The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Funds performance from year to year and how the Funds average annual returns over time compare with those of a broad-based securities market index. The returns in the bar chart are for Class A shares and do not reflect a sales charge. If the sales charge was reflected, the returns would be lower. Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. The Funds performance reflects the effects of expense reductions. Absent these reductions, performance would have been lower. Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com.
For
the ten years ended December 31,
2013
, the highest quarterly total return for Class A was 14.94% for the quarter ended March 31, 2012, and the lowest quarterly return was 20.76% for the quarter ended December 31, 2008.
These returns reflect the maximum sales charge for Class A (5.75%) and any applicable contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) for Class C. The Class I and Class R performance shown above for the periods prior to May 3, 2007 and August 3, 2009 (commencement of operations for such class, respectively), is the performance of Class A shares at net asset value without adjustment for any differences in the expenses of the classes. If adjusted for other expenses, returns would be different. Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.
After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from the after-tax returns presented for Class A shares. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Management
Investment Adviser. Boston Management and Research (BMR).
Portfolio Managers. The Portfolio is managed by a team comprised of:
Lewis R. Piantedosi, Vice President of BMR and Team Leader, who has managed the Portfolio since 2002; and
Yana S. Barton, Vice President of BMR, who has managed the Portfolio since 2009.
For important information about purchase and sale of shares, taxes and financial intermediary compensation, please turn to Important Information Regarding Fund Shares on page 35 of this Prospectus.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
18
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Large-Cap Value Fund
Investment Objective
The Funds investment objective is to seek total return.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for a reduced sales charge if you invest, or agree to invest over a 13-month period, at least $50,000 in Eaton Vance Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in Sales Charges beginning on page
50
of this Prospectus and page
25
of the Funds Statement of Additional Information.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) |
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Class R |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of offering price) |
5.75% |
None |
None |
None |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at purchase or redemption) |
None |
1.00% |
None |
None |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) (1) |
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Class R |
Management Fees |
0.60% |
0.60% |
0.60% |
0.60% |
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.25% |
1.00% |
n/a |
0.50% |
Other Expenses |
0.14 % |
0.14 % |
0.14 % |
0.14 % |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
0.99% |
1.74% |
0.74% |
1.24% |
(1)
Expenses in the table above and the Example below reflect the expenses of the Fund and the
Large-Cap Value
Portfolio
(the Portfolio), the Funds master Portfolio.
Example. This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
|
Expenses with Redemption |
Expenses without Redemption |
||||||
|
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
Class A shares |
$ 670 |
$ 872 |
$ 1,091 |
$ 1,718 |
$ 670 |
$ 872 |
$ 1,091 |
$ 1,718 |
Class C shares |
$ 277 |
$ 548 |
$ 944 |
$ 2,052 |
$ 177 |
$ 548 |
$ 944 |
$ 2,052 |
Class I shares |
$ 76 |
$ 237 |
$ 411 |
$ 918 |
$ 76 |
$ 237 |
$ 411 |
$ 918 |
Class R shares |
$ 126 |
$ 393 |
$ 681 |
$ 1,500 |
$ 126 |
$ 393 |
$ 681 |
$ 1,500 |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over the portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was
49
% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests primarily in value stocks of large-cap companies. Value stocks are common stocks that, in the opinion of the investment adviser, are inexpensive or undervalued relative to the overall stock market. The portfolio managers generally consider large-cap companies to be those companies having market capitalizations equal to or greater than the median capitalization of companies included in the Russell 1000 Value Index. The Fund normally invests at least 80% of its net assets in equity securities of large-cap companies (the 80% Policy). The Fund primarily invests in dividend-paying stocks, but also may invest in non-income producing stocks. The Fund may invest in convertible debt securities of any credit quality (including securities rated below investment grade (so-called junk bonds)). The Fund may invest up to 25% of its total assets in foreign securities, some of which may be located in emerging market countries. As an alternative to holding foreign stocks directly, the Fund may invest in dollar-denominated securities of foreign companies that trade on U.S.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
19
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
exchanges or in the over-the-counter market (including depositary receipts that evidence ownership in underlying foreign stocks). The Fund may invest up to 10% of its net assets in real estate investment trusts and may lend its securities.
Investment decisions are made primarily on the basis of fundamental research. The portfolio managers utilize information provided by, and the expertise of, the investment advisers research staff in making investment decisions. In selecting stocks, the portfolio managers consider (among other factors) a companys earnings or cash flow capabilities, dividend prospects, financial strength, growth potential, the strength of the companys business franchises and management team, sustainability of a companys competitiveness, and estimates of the companys net value. The portfolio managers may sell a security when the investment advisers price objective for the security is reached, the fundamentals of the company deteriorate, a securitys price falls below acquisition cost or to pursue more attractive investment options. The portfolio managers seek to manage investment risk by maintaining broad issuer and industry diversification among the Funds holdings, and by utilizing fundamental analysis of risk/return characteristics in securities selection.
The Fund currently invests its assets in
the
Portfolio
,
a separate registered investment company with the same investment objective and policies as the Fund.
Principal Risks
Equity Investing Risk. The Funds shares are sensitive to stock market volatility and the stocks in which the Fund invests may be more volatile than the stock market as a whole. The prices of stocks may decline in response to conditions affecting the general economy; overall market changes; local, regional or global political, social or economic instability; and currency, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations, as well as issuer or sector specific events. Market conditions may affect certain types of stocks (such as large-cap or value stocks) to a greater extent than other types of stocks. If the stock market declines, the value of Fund shares will also likely decline and, although stock values can rebound, there is no assurance that values will return to previous levels.
Foreign and Emerging Market Investment Risk. Because the Fund can invest a portion of its assets in foreign instruments, the value of Fund shares can be adversely affected by changes in currency exchange rates and political, economic and market developments abroad. In emerging or less developed countries, these risks can be more significant. Investment markets in emerging market countries are typically substantially smaller, less liquid and more volatile than the major markets in developed countries. As a result, Fund share values may be more volatile than if the Fund invested only in developed markets. Emerging market countries may have relatively unstable governments and economies. Emerging market investments often are subject to speculative trading, which typically contributes to volatility. Trading in foreign and emerging markets typically involves higher expense than trading in the United States. The Fund may have difficulties enforcing its legal or contractual rights in a foreign country. The value of investments denominated in foreign currencies can be adversely affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Depositary receipts are subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities, including political, economic and market risks.
Real Estate Investment Trust Risk. Real estate investment trusts (REITs) are subject to special risks associated with real estate. Securities of companies in the real estate industry are sensitive to factors such as changes in real estate values, property taxes, interest rates, cash flow of underlying real estate assets, occupancy rates, government regulations affecting zoning, land use, and rents, and the management skill and creditworthiness of the issuer. Companies in the real estate industry may also be subject to liabilities under environmental and hazardous waste laws, among others. Changes in underlying real estate values may have an exaggerated effect to the extent that REITs concentrate investments in particular geographic regions or property types.
Securities Lending Risk. Securities lending involves possible delay in recovery of the securities or possible loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower fail financially. As a result, the value of Fund shares may fall and there may be a delay in recovering the loaned securities. The value of Fund shares could also fall if a loan is called and the Fund is required to liquidate reinvested collateral at a loss or if the investment adviser is unable to reinvest cash collateral at rates that exceed the costs involved.
Risks Associated with Active Management. The Fund is an actively managed portfolio and its success depends upon the investment skills and analytical abilities of the investment adviser to develop and effectively implement strategies to achieve the Funds investment objective. Subjective decisions made by the investment adviser may cause the Fund to incur losses or to miss profit opportunities on which it may otherwise have capitalized.
General Fund Investing Risks. The Fund is not a complete investment program and you may lose money by investing in the Fund. All investments carry a certain amount of risk and there is no guarantee that the Fund will be able to achieve its investment objective. Annual Fund Operating Expenses expressed as a percentage of the Funds average daily net assets may change as Fund assets increase and decrease, and Annual Fund Operating Expenses may differ in the future. Purchase and redemption activities by Fund shareholders may impact the management of the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
20
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
objective. In addition, the redemption by one or more large shareholders or groups of shareholders of their holdings in the Fund could have an adverse impact on the remaining shareholders in the Fund. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person. Mutual funds, investment advisers, other market participants and many securities markets are subject to rules and regulations and the jurisdiction of one or more regulators. Changes to applicable rules and regulations could have an adverse affect on securities markets and market participants, as well as on the Funds ability to execute its investment strategy.
Performance
The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Funds performance from year to year and how the Funds average annual returns over time compare with those of a broad-based securities market index. The returns in the bar chart are for Class A shares and do not reflect a sales charge. If the sales charge was reflected, the returns would be lower. Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com
.
For
the ten years ended December 31,
2013
, the highest quarterly total return for Class A was 15.09% for the quarter ended September 30, 2009, and the lowest quarterly return was 21.37% for the quarter ended December 31, 2008.
These returns reflect the maximum sales charge for Class A (5.75%) and any applicable contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) for Class B and Class C. The Class I and R performance shown above for the periods prior to December 28, 2004 and February 18, 2004 (commencement of operations for such class, respectively), is the performance of Class A shares at net asset value without adjustment for any differences in the expenses of the classes. If adjusted for other expenses, returns would be different. Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.
After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from the after-tax returns presented for Class A shares. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
21
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Management
Investment Adviser. Boston Management and Research (BMR).
Portfolio Managers. The Portfolio is managed by a team comprised of:
Michael R. Mach, Vice President of BMR and Team Leader, who has managed the Portfolio since 2000;
Matthew F. Beaudry, Vice President of BMR, who has managed the Portfolio since 2009;
John D. Crowley, Vice President of BMR, who has managed the Portfolio since 2009; and
Stephen J. Kaszynski, Vice President of BMR, who has managed the Portfolio since 2009.
For important information about purchase and sale of shares, taxes and financial intermediary compensation, please turn to Important Information Regarding Fund Shares on page 35 of this Prospectus.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
22
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Real Estate Fund
Investment Objective
The Funds investment objective is to seek total return.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
T
his table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for a reduced sales charge if you invest, or agree to invest over a 13-month period, at least $50,000 in Eaton Vance Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in Sales Charges beginning on page
50
of this Prospectus and page
25
of the Funds Statement of Additional Information.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) |
Class A |
Class I |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of offering price) |
5.75% |
None |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at purchase or redemption) |
None |
None |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
Class A |
Class I |
Management Fees |
0.80% |
0.80% |
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.25% |
n/a |
Other Expenses |
0.47 % |
0.47 % |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
1.52% |
1.27% |
Expense Reimbursement (1) |
(0.27) % |
(0.27) % |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Expense Reimbursement |
1.25% |
1.00% |
(1)
The administrator has agreed to reimburse the Funds expenses to the extent that Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses exceed 1.25% for Class A shares and 1.00% for Class I shares. This expense reimbursement will continue through April 30,
2015
. Any amendment to or a termination of this reimbursement would require written approval of the Board of Trustees. The expense reimbursement relates to ordinary operating expenses only and does not include expenses such as: brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses
of unaffiliated funds
, interest expense, taxes or litigation expenses. Amounts reimbursed may be recouped by the administrator during the Funds current fiscal year to the extent actual expenses are less than the contractual expense cap during such year.
Example. This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
|
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
Class A shares |
$ 695 |
$ 1,003 |
$ 1,332 |
$ 2,262 |
Class I shares |
$ 102 |
$ 376 |
$ 671 |
$ 1,510 |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over the portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was
22
% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund seeks total return through a combination of capital appreciation and current income. Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in equity securities of companies primarily engaged in the real estate industry (the 80% Policy). Although it invests primarily in domestic securities, the Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in foreign securities. As an alternative to holding foreign stocks directly, the Fund may invest in dollar-denominated securities of foreign companies that trade on U.S. exchanges, or in the over-the-counter market (including depositary receipts which evidence ownership in underlying foreign stocks). The Fund may also lend its securities.
Companies primarily engaged in the real estate industry and other real estate-related investments may include real estate investment trusts (REITs) or real estate operating companies that either own properties or make construction or mortgage loans,
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
23
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
real estate developers, companies with substantial real estate holdings and other companies whose products and services are related to the real estate industry, such as lodging operators, brokers, property management companies, building supply manufacturers, mortgage lenders, or mortgage servicing companies. REITs tend to be small to medium-sized companies. The value of a REIT can depend on the structure of and cash flow generated by the REIT. REITs are pooled investment vehicles that have expenses of their own, so the Fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of those expenses. The Fund will not own real estate directly.
The portfolio manager generally seeks to purchase securities of companies that he believes are high in quality and reasonably priced in relation to their fundamental value. In selecting securities, the portfolio manager generally seeks companies believed to have the potential for above-average earnings growth and profit margins, as well as good appreciation prospects and income-producing potential. Investment decisions are made primarily on the basis of fundamental research. The portfolio manager utilizes information provided by, and the expertise of, the investment advisers research staff in making investment decisions. Factors the portfolio manager considers in selecting real estate companies include one or more of the following: asset quality; quality and experience of management; type and location of real estate owned; nature of a companys real estate activities; sustainability of a companys competitive position; balance sheet strength; free cash flow and growth thereof; and relative valuation. While stocks generally are acquired with the expectation of being held for the long term, securities may be sold if, in the opinion of the investment adviser, the price moves above a fair level of valuation, the companys fundamentals deteriorate or to pursue more attractive investment options.
Principal Risks
Equity Investing Risk. The Funds shares are sensitive to stock market volatility and the stocks in which the Fund invests may be more volatile than the stock market as a whole. The prices of stocks may decline in response to conditions affecting the general economy; overall market changes; local, regional or global political, social or economic instability; and currency, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations, as well as issuer or sector specific events. Market conditions may affect certain types of stocks to a greater extent than other types of stocks. If the stock market declines, the value of Fund shares will also likely decline and, although stock values can rebound, there is no assurance that values will return to previous levels.
Real Estate Investing Risk.
Real estate
-related investments
are sensitive to factors such as changes in real estate values, property taxes, interest rates, cash flow of underlying real estate assets, occupancy rates, government regulations affecting zoning, land use, and rents, and the management skill and creditworthiness of the issuer. Companies in the real estate industry may also be subject to liabilities under environmental and hazardous waste laws, among others. REITs are subject to the special risks associated with investing in the real estate industry. Changes in underlying real estate values may have an exaggerated effect to the extent that REITs concentrate investments in particular geographic regions or property types.
Industry Concentration Risk.
Because the Fund will concentrate its investments in the real estate industry, the value of Fund shares may be affected by events that adversely affect that industry and may fluctuate more than that of a
fund
that invests more broadly
.
Issuer Diversification Risk. The Fund is non-diversified, which means it may invest a greater percentage of its assets in the securities of a single issuer than funds that are diversified. Non-diversified funds face the risk of focusing investments in a small number of issuers, making them more susceptible to risks affecting such issuers than a more diversified fund might be.
Smaller Company Equity Risk.
The stocks of smaller, less seasoned companies are generally subject to greater price fluctuations, limited liquidity, higher transaction costs and higher investment risk
than the stocks of larger, more established companies. Smaller, less seasoned
companies may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, may be dependent on a limited management group, and may lack substantial capital reserves or an established performance record. There may be generally less publicly available information about such companies than for larger, more established companies.
Foreign Investment Risk.
Because the Fund
can
invest a portion of its assets in foreign instruments, the value of Fund shares can be adversely affected by changes in currency exchange rates and political and economic developments abroad. Foreign markets may be smaller, less liquid and more volatile than the major markets in the United States, and as a result, Fund share values may be more volatile. Trading in foreign markets typically involves higher expense than trading in the United States. The Fund may have difficulties enforcing its legal or contractual rights in a foreign country.
Depositary
receipts are subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities including political and economic risks.
Securities Lending Risk. Securities lending involves possible delay in recovery of the securities or possible loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower fail financially. As a result, the value of Fund shares may fall and there may be a delay in recovering the loaned securities. The value of Fund shares could also fall if a loan is called and the Fund is required to liquidate reinvested collateral at a loss or if the investment adviser is unable to reinvest cash collateral at rates that exceed the costs involved.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
24
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Risks Associated with Active Management. The Fund is an actively managed portfolio and its success depends upon the investment skills and analytical abilities of the investment adviser to develop and effectively implement strategies to achieve the Funds investment objective. Subjective decisions made by the investment adviser may cause the Fund to incur losses or to miss profit opportunities on which it may otherwise have capitalized.
General Fund Investing Risks. The Fund is not a complete investment program and you may lose money by investing in the Fund. All investments carry a certain amount of risk and there is no guarantee that the Fund will be able to achieve its investment objective. Annual Fund Operating Expenses expressed as a percentage of the Funds average daily net assets may change as Fund assets increase and decrease, and Annual Fund Operating Expenses may differ in the future. Purchase and redemption activities by Fund shareholders may impact the management of the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective. In addition, the redemption by one or more large shareholders or groups of shareholders of their holdings in the Fund could have an adverse impact on the remaining shareholders in the Fund. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person. Mutual funds, investment advisers, other market participants and many securities markets are subject to rules and regulations and the jurisdiction of one or more regulators. Changes to applicable rules and regulations could have an adverse affect on securities markets and market participants, as well as on the Funds ability to execute its investment strategy.
Performance
The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Funds performance from year to year and how the Funds average annual returns over time compare with those of two broad-based securities market indices. The returns in the bar chart are for Class A shares and do not reflect a sales charge. If the sales charge was reflected, returns would be lower. Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. The Funds performance reflects the effects of expense reductions. Absent these reductions, performance would have been lower. Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com
.
During
the period from December 31, 2006 through December 31,
2013
, the highest quarterly total return for Class A was 30.70% for the quarter ended September 30, 2009, and the lowest quarterly return was 35.70% for the quarter ended December 31, 2008.
Average Annual Total Return as of December 31, 2013 |
One Year |
Five Years |
Life of Fund |
Class A Return Before Taxes |
− 5.37% |
14.40% |
3.75% |
Class A Return After Taxes on Distributions |
− 6.26% |
13.64% |
2.71% |
Class A Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Class A Shares |
− 2.99% |
11.29% |
2.52% |
Class I Return Before Taxes |
0.76% |
15.97% |
4.67% |
Dow Jones U.S. Select Real Estate Securities Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
1.31% |
16.43% |
3.42% |
S&P 500 Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
32.39% |
17.93% |
6.84% |
These returns reflect the maximum sales charge for Class A (5.75%). Class I commenced operations on April 28, 2006. The Class A performance shown above for the period prior to June 9, 2010 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Class I shares, adjusted for the sales charge that applies to Class A shares (but not adjusted for any other differences in the expenses of the two classes). If adjusted for other expenses, returns would be different. Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.
After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from the after-tax returns presented for Class A shares. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
25
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Management
Investment Adviser. Eaton Vance Management (Eaton Vance).
Portfolio Manager. The Fund is managed by J. Scott Craig, Vice President of Eaton Vance, who has managed the Fund since it commenced operations in 2006.
For important information about purchase and sale of shares, taxes and financial intermediary compensation, please turn to Important Information Regarding Fund Shares on page 35 of this Prospectus.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
26
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Small-Cap Fund
Investment Objective
The Funds investment objective is to seek long-term capital appreciation.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for a reduced sales charge if you invest, or agree to invest over a 13-month period, at least $50,000 in Eaton Vance Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in Sales Charges beginning on page
50
of this Prospectus and page
25
of the Funds Statement of Additional Information.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Class R |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of offering price) |
5.75% |
None |
None |
None |
None |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at purchase or redemption) |
None |
5.00% |
1.00% |
None |
None |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Class R |
Management Fees |
0.90% |
0.90% |
0.90% |
0.90% |
0.90% |
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.25% |
1.00% |
1.00% |
n/a |
0.50% |
Other Expenses |
0.21 % |
0.21 % |
0.21 % |
0.22 % |
0.21 % |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
1.36% |
2.11% |
2.11% |
1.12% |
1.61% |
Example. This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
|
Expenses with Redemption |
Expenses without Redemption |
||||||
|
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
Class A shares |
$ 706 |
$ 981 |
$ 1,277 |
$ 2,116 |
$ 706 |
$ 981 |
$ 1,277 |
$ 2,116 |
Class B shares |
$ 714 |
$ 1,061 |
$ 1,334 |
$ 2,250 |
$ 214 |
$ 661 |
$ 1,134 |
$ 2,250 |
Class C shares |
$ 314 |
$ 661 |
$ 1,134 |
$ 2,441 |
$ 214 |
$ 661 |
$ 1,134 |
$ 2,441 |
Class I shares |
$ 114 |
$ 356 |
$ 617 |
$ 1,363 |
$ 114 |
$ 356 |
$ 617 |
$ 1,363 |
Class R shares |
$ 164 |
$ 508 |
$ 876 |
$ 1,911 |
$ 164 |
$ 508 |
$ 876 |
$ 1,911 |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over the portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was
44% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund normally invests at least 80% of its net assets in equity securities of small-cap companies (the 80% Policy). The Fund invests primarily in a diversified portfolio of common stocks of small-cap companies that, in the opinion of the investment adviser, are expected to achieve earnings growth over the long term that exceeds the average long-term earnings growth of all publicly-traded companies in the United States. The portfolio manager generally considers small-cap companies to be companies having a market capitalization that falls (i) within or below the range of companies in either the current Russell 2000 Index or the S&P SmallCap 600 Index, or (ii) below the three-year average maximum market cap of companies in either index as of December 31 of the three preceding years. The market capitalization range for the Russell 2000 Index was $
10
million to $
5,308
million, and the market capitalization range for the S&P SmallCap 600 Index was $
135
million to $
4,590
million as of December 31,
2013
. The average maximum market capitalization of companies in either index as of December 31 of the three preceding years ended
2013
was $4,
567
million. The Fund may also invest in larger companies. The
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
27
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Fund may also invest up to 25% of its total assets in foreign securities, some of which may be located in emerging market countries. As an alternative to holding foreign stocks directly, the Fund may invest in dollar-denominated securities of foreign companies that trade on U.S. exchanges or in the over-the-counter market (including depositary receipts that evidence ownership in underlying foreign stocks). The Fund may invest up to 10% of its net assets in real estate investment trusts.
Investment decisions for the Fund are made primarily on the basis of fundamental research. The portfolio manager utilizes information provided by, and the expertise of, the investment advisers research staff in making investment decisions. In selecting companies for investment, the investment adviser may consider overall growth prospects, financial strength, strength of the companys business franchises and management team, competitive position, technology, marketing expertise, profit margins, return on investment, capital resources and other factors. The portfolio manager may sell a security when the investment advisers price objective for the stock is reached, the fundamentals of the company change or to pursue more attractive investment options. The portfolio manager seeks to manage investment risk by maintaining broad issuer and industry diversification among the Funds holdings, and by utilizing fundamental analysis of risk/return characteristics in securities selection.
Principal Risks
Equity Investing Risk. The Funds shares are sensitive to stock market volatility and the stocks in which the Fund invests may be more volatile than the stock market as a whole. The prices of stocks may decline in response to conditions affecting the general economy; overall market changes; local, regional or global political, social or economic instability; and currency, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations, as well as issuer or sector specific events. Market conditions may affect certain types of stocks (such as small-cap stocks) to a greater extent than other types of stocks. If the stock market declines, the value of Fund shares will also likely decline and, although stock values can rebound, there is no assurance that values will return to previous levels.
Small Company Equity Risk.
The stocks of small and emerging companies are generally subject to greater price fluctuations, limited liquidity, higher transaction costs and higher investment risk
than the stocks of larger, more established companies.
Small and emerging companies may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, may be dependent on a limited management group, and may lack substantial capital reserves or an established performance record. There may be generally less publicly available information about such companies than for larger, more established companies. Stocks of
small and emerging
companies frequently have lower trading volumes making them more volatile and potentially more difficult to value.
Foreign and Emerging Market Investment Risk. Because the Fund can invest a portion of its assets in foreign instruments, the value of Fund shares can be adversely affected by changes in currency exchange rates and political, economic and market developments abroad. In emerging or less developed countries, these risks can be more significant. Investment markets in emerging market countries are typically substantially smaller, less liquid and more volatile than the major markets in developed countries. As a result, Fund share values may be more volatile than if the Fund invested only in developed markets. Emerging market countries may have relatively unstable governments and economies. Emerging market investments often are subject to speculative trading, which typically contributes to volatility. Trading in foreign and emerging markets typically involves higher expense than trading in the United States. The Fund may have difficulties enforcing its legal or contractual rights in a foreign country. The value of investments denominated in foreign currencies can be adversely affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Depositary receipts are subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities, including political, economic and market risks.
Real Estate Investment Trust Risk. Real estate investment trusts (REITs) are subject to special risks associated with real estate. Securities of companies in the real estate industry are sensitive to factors such as changes in real estate values, property taxes, interest rates, cash flow of underlying real estate assets, occupancy rates, government regulations affecting zoning, land use, and rents, and the management skill and creditworthiness of the issuer. Companies in the real estate industry may also be subject to liabilities under environmental and hazardous waste laws, among others. Changes in underlying real estate values may have an exaggerated effect to the extent that REITs concentrate investments in particular geographic regions or property types.
Risks Associated with Active Management. The Fund is an actively managed portfolio and its success depends upon the investment skills and analytical abilities of the investment adviser to develop and effectively implement strategies to achieve the Funds investment objective. Subjective decisions made by the investment adviser may cause the Fund to incur losses or to miss profit opportunities on which it may otherwise have capitalized.
General Fund Investing Risks. The Fund is not a complete investment program and you may lose money by investing in the Fund. All investments carry a certain amount of risk and there is no guarantee that the Fund will be able to achieve its investment objective. Annual Fund Operating Expenses expressed as a percentage of the Funds average daily net assets may change as Fund assets increase and decrease, and Annual Fund Operating Expenses may differ in the future. Purchase and redemption activities by Fund shareholders may impact the management of the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective. In addition, the redemption by one or more large shareholders or groups of shareholders of their holdings in the Fund
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
28
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
could have an adverse impact on the remaining shareholders in the Fund. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person. Mutual funds, investment advisers, other market participants and many securities markets are subject to rules and regulations and the jurisdiction of one or more regulators. Changes to applicable rules and regulations could have an adverse affect on securities markets and market participants, as well as on the Funds ability to execute its investment strategy.
Performance
The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Funds performance from year to year and how the Funds average annual returns over time compare with those of a broad-based securities market index. The returns in the bar chart are for Class A shares and do not reflect a sales charge. If the sales charge was reflected, the returns would be lower. Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. The Funds performance reflects the effects of expense reductions for certain periods. Absent these reductions, performance for certain periods would have been lower. Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com
.
For
the ten years ended December 31,
2013
, the highest quarterly total return for Class A was 19.05% for the quarter ended September 30, 2009, and the lowest quarterly
return was 30.94% for the quarter ended December 31, 2008.
These returns reflect the maximum sales charge for Class A (5.75%) and any applicable contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) for Class B and Class C. The Class I and Class R performance shown above for the periods prior to September 2, 2008 and August 3, 2009 (commencement of operations for such class, respectively), is the performance of Class A shares at net asset value without adjustment for any differences in the expenses of the classes. If adjusted for other expenses, returns would be different. Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.
After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from the after-tax returns presented for Class A shares. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Management
Investment Adviser. Boston Management and Research (BMR).
Portfolio Manager. The Fund is managed by Nancy B. Tooke, Vice President of BMR, who has managed the Fund and Small-Cap Portfolio (the portfolio the Fund invested in prior to May 1, 2012) since 2006.
For important information about purchase and sale of shares, taxes and financial intermediary compensation, please turn to Important Information Regarding Fund Shares on page 35 of this Prospectus.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
29
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Small-Cap Value Fund
Investment Objective
The Funds investment objective is to seek long-term total return.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for a reduced sales charge if you invest, or agree to invest over a 13-month period, at least $50,000 in Eaton Vance Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in Sales Charges beginning on page
50
of this Prospectus and page
25
of the Funds Statement of Additional Information.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of offering price) |
5.75% |
None |
None |
None |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at purchase or redemption) |
None |
5.00% |
1.00% |
None |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Management Fees (1) |
0.90% |
0.90% |
0.90% |
0.90% |
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.25% |
1.00% |
1.00% |
n/a |
Other Expenses |
0.60 % |
0.60 % |
0.60 % |
0.60 % |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
1.75% |
2.50% |
2.50% |
1.50% |
Expense Reimbursement (1 )(2) |
(0.30) % |
(0.30) % |
(0.30) % |
(0.30) % |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Expense Reimbursement |
1.45% |
2.20% |
2.20% |
1.20% |
(1)
Management Fees reflect a fee reduction agreement to the Funds investment advisory agreement effective March 1, 2014, and Management Fees and Expense Reimbursement have been restated to reflect the fees as if the Funds revised advisory fee was in effect for the Funds last fiscal year.
(2)
The investment adviser and administrator have agreed to reimburse the Funds expenses to the extent that Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses exceed 1.45% for Class A shares, 2.20% for Class B and Class C shares and 1.20% for Class I shares. This expense reimbursement will continue through April 30,
2015
. Any amendment to or a termination of this reimbursement would require written approval of the Board of Trustees. The expense reimbursement relates to ordinary operating expenses only and does not include expenses such as: brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses
of unaffiliated funds
, interest expense, taxes or litigation expenses. Amounts reimbursed may be recouped by the investment adviser and administrator during the Funds current fiscal year to the extent actual expenses are less than the contractual expense cap during such year.
Example. This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
|
Expenses with Redemption |
Expenses without Redemption |
||||||
|
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
Class A shares |
$ 714 |
$ 1,067 |
$ 1,443 |
$ 2,495 |
$ 714 |
$ 1,067 |
$ 1,443 |
$ 2,495 |
Class B shares |
$ 723 |
$ 1,150 |
$ 1,504 |
$ 2,629 |
$ 223 |
$ 750 |
$ 1,304 |
$ 2,629 |
Class C shares |
$ 323 |
$ 750 |
$ 1,304 |
$ 2,813 |
$ 223 |
$ 750 |
$ 1,304 |
$ 2,813 |
Class I shares |
$ 122 |
$ 445 |
$ 790 |
$ 1,765 |
$ 122 |
$ 445 |
$ 790 |
$ 1,765 |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over the portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was
52
% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests primarily in a diversified portfolio of value stocks of small-cap companies. Value stocks are common stocks that, in the opinion of the portfolio managers, are inexpensive or undervalued relative to the
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
30
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
overall stock market. The portfolio managers generally consider small-cap companies to be those companies with market capitalizations within the range of companies included in the S&P SmallCap 600 Index. Normally at least 80% of the Funds net assets will be invested in equity securities of small-cap companies (the 80% Policy). The Fund may also invest up to 25% of its total assets in foreign securities, some of which may be located in emerging market countries. As an alternative to holding foreign stocks directly, the Fund may invest in dollar-denominated securities of foreign companies that trade on U.S. exchanges or in the over-the-counter market (including depositary receipts that evidence ownership in underlying foreign stocks). The Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in real estate investment trusts.
In selecting securities, the portfolio managers seek companies that, in their opinion, are high in quality. Investment decisions for the Fund are made primarily on the basis of fundamental research conducted by the investment advisers research staff. Management of the Fund involves consideration of numerous factors (such as a companys earning or cash flow capabilities, financial strength, the strength of the companys business franchises and management team, sustainability of a companys competitiveness and estimates of the companys net value). The Fund seeks to manage investment risk by maintaining broad issuer and industry diversification among its holdings, and by utilizing fundamental analysis of risk/return characteristics in securities selection. While stocks generally are acquired with the expectation of being held for the long term, securities may be sold if, in the opinion of the investment adviser, the price moves above a fair level of valuation, the companys fundamentals deteriorate or to realize tax losses.
Principal Risks
Equity Investing Risk. The Funds shares are sensitive to stock market volatility and the stocks in which the Fund invests may be more volatile than the stock market as a whole. The prices of stocks may decline in response to conditions affecting the general economy; overall market changes; local, regional or global political, social or economic instability; and currency, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations, as well as issuer or sector specific events. Market conditions may affect certain types of stocks (such as small-cap or value stocks) to a greater extent than other types of stocks. If the stock market declines, the value of Fund shares will also likely decline and, although stock values can rebound, there is no assurance that values will return to previous levels.
Small Company Equity Risk.
The stocks of small and emerging companies are generally subject to greater price fluctuations, limited liquidity, higher transaction costs and higher investment risk
than the stocks of larger, more established companies.
Small and emerging companies may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, may be dependent on a limited management group, and may lack substantial capital reserves or an established performance record. There may be generally less publicly available information about such companies than for larger, more established companies. Stocks of
small and emerging
companies frequently have lower trading volumes making them more volatile and potentially more difficult to value.
Foreign and Emerging Market Investment Risk. Because the Fund can invest a portion of its assets in foreign instruments, the value of Fund shares can be adversely affected by changes in currency exchange rates and political, economic and market developments abroad. In emerging or less developed countries, these risks can be more significant. Investment markets in emerging market countries are typically substantially smaller, less liquid and more volatile than the major markets in developed countries. As a result, Fund share values may be more volatile than if the Fund invested only in developed markets. Emerging market countries may have relatively unstable governments and economies. Emerging market investments often are subject to speculative trading, which typically contributes to volatility. Trading in foreign and emerging markets typically involves higher expense than trading in the United States. The Fund may have difficulties enforcing its legal or contractual rights in a foreign country. The value of investments denominated in foreign currencies can be adversely affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Depositary receipts are subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities, including political, economic and market risks.
Real Estate Investment Trust Risk. Real estate investment trusts (REITs) are subject to special risks associated with real estate. Securities of companies in the real estate industry are sensitive to factors such as changes in real estate values, property taxes, interest rates, cash flow of underlying real estate assets, occupancy rates, government regulations affecting zoning, land use, and rents, and the management skill and creditworthiness of the issuer. Companies in the real estate industry may also be subject to liabilities under environmental and hazardous waste laws, among others. Changes in underlying real estate values may have an exaggerated effect to the extent that REITs concentrate investments in particular geographic regions or property types.
Risks Associated with Active Management. The Fund is an actively managed portfolio and its success depends upon the investment skills and analytical abilities of the investment adviser to develop and effectively implement strategies to achieve the Funds investment objective. Subjective decisions made by the investment adviser may cause the Fund to incur losses or to miss profit opportunities on which it may otherwise have capitalized.
General Fund Investing Risks. The Fund is not a complete investment program and you may lose money by investing in the Fund. All investments carry a certain amount of risk and there is no guarantee that the Fund will be able to achieve its
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
31
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
investment objective. Annual Fund Operating Expenses expressed as a percentage of the Funds average daily net assets may change as Fund assets increase and decrease, and Annual Fund Operating Expenses may differ in the future. Purchase and redemption activities by Fund shareholders may impact the management of the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective. In addition, the redemption by one or more large shareholders or groups of shareholders of their holdings in the Fund could have an adverse impact on the remaining shareholders in the Fund. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person. Mutual funds, investment advisers, other market participants and many securities markets are subject to rules and regulations and the jurisdiction of one or more regulators. Changes to applicable rules and regulations could have an adverse affect on securities markets and market participants, as well as on the Funds ability to execute its investment strategy.
Performance
The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Funds performance from year to year and how the Funds average annual returns over time compare with those of a broad-based securities market index. The returns in the bar chart are for Class A shares and do not reflect a sales charge. If the sales charge was reflected, the returns would be lower. Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. The Funds performance reflects the effects of expense reductions. Absent these reductions, performance would have been lower. Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com.
For
the ten years ended December 31,
2013
, the highest quarterly total return for Class A was 18.
35
% for the quarter ended June 30, 2009, and the lowest quarterly return was 22.76% for the quarter ended December 31, 2008.
These returns reflect the maximum sales charge for Class A (5.75%) and any applicable contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) for Class B and Class C. The Class I performance shown above for the period prior to October 1, 2009 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Class A shares at net asset value without adjustment for any differences in the expenses of the two classes. If adjusted for other expenses, returns would be different. Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.
After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from the after-tax returns presented for Class A shares. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
32
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Management
Investment Adviser. Boston Management and Research (BMR).
Portfolio Managers. The Fund is managed by a team comprised of:
Gregory R. Greene, Vice President of BMR, Co-Director of Fox Asset Management LLC (Fox) and Team Leader, who has co-managed the Fund since 2006;
Patrick J. OBrien, Vice President of BMR and Equity Portfolio Manager of Fox, who has co-managed the Fund since 2013; and
J. Bradley Ohlmuller,
Vice President of BMR and Equity Portfolio Manager of Fox, who has co-managed the Fund since 2005
.
For important information about purchase and sale of shares, taxes and financial intermediary compensation, please turn to Important Information Regarding Fund Shares on page
35
of this Prospectus.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
33
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Special Equities Fund
Investment Objective
The Funds investment objective is to provide growth of capital.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for a reduced sales charge if you invest, or agree to invest over a 13-month period, at least $50,000 in Eaton Vance Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in Sales Charges beginning on page
50
of this Prospectus and page
25
of the Funds Statement of Additional Information.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) |
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of offering price) |
5.75% |
None |
None |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at purchase or redemption) |
None |
1.00% |
None |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Management Fees |
0.63% |
0.63% |
0.63% |
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.25% |
1.00% |
n/a |
Other Expenses |
0.43 % |
0.43 % |
0.43 % |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
1.31% |
2.06% |
1.06% |
Example. This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
|
Expenses with Redemption |
Expenses without Redemption |
||||||
|
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
Class A shares |
$ 701 |
$ 966 |
$ 1,252 |
$ 2,063 |
$ 701 |
$ 966 |
$ 1,252 |
$ 2,063 |
Class C shares |
$ 309 |
$ 646 |
$ 1,108 |
$ 2,390 |
$ 209 |
$ 646 |
$ 1,108 |
$ 2,390 |
Class I shares |
$ 108 |
$ 337 |
$ 585 |
$ 1,294 |
$ 108 |
$ 337 |
$ 585 |
$ 1,294 |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over the portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was
61% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund invests primarily in common stocks of emerging growth companies. Emerging growth companies are companies that the investment adviser expects to achieve earnings growth over the long term that exceeds the average long-term earnings growth of all publicly traded companies in the United States. Many emerging growth companies acquired by the Fund have market capitalizations comparable to those of companies included in the Russell 2500 Index, but the Fund may also invest in larger or smaller companies that the investment adviser believes have emerging growth characteristics. Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in equity securities (the 80% Policy). The Fund may invest up to 25% of its total assets in foreign securities, some of which may be located in emerging market countries. As an alternative to holding foreign stocks directly, the Fund may invest in dollar-denominated securities of foreign companies that trade on U.S. exchanges or in the over-the-counter market (including depositary receipts that evidence ownership in underlying foreign stocks). The Fund may also invest in real estate investment trusts.
Investment decisions for the Fund are made primarily on the basis of fundamental research conducted by the investment advisers research staff. In selecting companies for investment, the investment adviser may consider overall growth prospects,
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
34
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
financial strength, strength of the companys business franchises and management team, competitive position, technology, marketing expertise, profit margins, return on investment, capital resources and other factors. The portfolio manager generally seeks to purchase securities of companies believed to have the potential for above-average earnings growth within their respective industries. The portfolio manager may sell a security when the investment advisers price objective for the stock is reached, the fundamentals of the company deteriorate or to pursue more attractive investment opportunities. The portfolio manager seeks to manage investment risk by maintaining broad issuer and industry diversification among the Funds holdings, and by utilizing fundamental analysis of risk/return characteristics in securities selection.
Principal Risks
Equity Investing Risk. The Funds shares are sensitive to stock market volatility and the stocks in which the Fund invests may be more volatile than the stock market as a whole. The prices of stocks may decline in response to conditions affecting the general economy; overall market changes; local, regional or global political, social or economic instability; and currency, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations, as well as issuer or sector specific events. Market conditions may affect certain types of stocks (such as growth stocks) to a greater extent than other types of stocks. If the stock market declines, the value of Fund shares will also likely decline and, although stock values can rebound, there is no assurance that values will return to previous levels.
Smaller Company Equity Risk.
The stocks of smaller, less seasoned companies are generally subject to greater price fluctuations, limited liquidity, higher transaction costs and higher investment risk
than the stocks of larger, more established companies.
Smaller, less seasoned companies may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, may be dependent on a limited management group, and may lack substantial capital reserves or an established performance record. There may be generally less publicly available information about such companies than for larger, more established companies.
Foreign and Emerging Market Investment Risk. Because the Fund can invest a portion of its assets in foreign instruments, the value of Fund shares can be adversely affected by changes in currency exchange rates and political, economic and market developments abroad. In emerging or less developed countries, these risks can be more significant. Investment markets in emerging market countries are typically substantially smaller, less liquid and more volatile than the major markets in developed countries. As a result, Fund share values may be more volatile than if the Fund invested only in developed markets. Emerging market countries may have relatively unstable governments and economies. Emerging market investments often are subject to speculative trading, which typically contributes to volatility. Trading in foreign and emerging markets typically involves higher expense than trading in the United States. The Fund may have difficulties enforcing its legal or contractual rights in a foreign country. The value of investments denominated in foreign currencies can be adversely affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Depositary receipts are subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities, including political, economic and market risks.
Real Estate Investment Trust Risk. Real estate investment trusts (REITs) are subject to special risks associated with real estate. Securities of companies in the real estate industry are sensitive to factors such as changes in real estate values, property taxes, interest rates, cash flow of underlying real estate assets, occupancy rates, government regulations affecting zoning, land use, and rents, and the management skill and creditworthiness of the issuer. Companies in the real estate industry may also be subject to liabilities under environmental and hazardous waste laws, among others. Changes in underlying real estate values may have an exaggerated effect to the extent that REITs concentrate investments in particular geographic regions or property types.
Risks Associated with Active Management. The Fund is an actively managed portfolio and its success depends upon the investment skills and analytical abilities of the investment adviser to develop and effectively implement strategies to achieve the Funds investment objective. Subjective decisions made by the investment adviser may cause the Fund to incur losses or to miss profit opportunities on which it may otherwise have capitalized.
General Fund Investing Risks. The Fund is not a complete investment program and you may lose money by investing in the Fund. All investments carry a certain amount of risk and there is no guarantee that the Fund will be able to achieve its investment objective. Annual Fund Operating Expenses expressed as a percentage of the Funds average daily net assets may change as Fund assets increase and decrease, and Annual Fund Operating Expenses may differ in the future. Purchase and redemption activities by Fund shareholders may impact the management of the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective. In addition, the redemption by one or more large shareholders or groups of shareholders of their holdings in the Fund could have an adverse impact on the remaining shareholders in the Fund. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person. Mutual funds, investment advisers, other market participants and many securities markets are subject to rules and regulations and the jurisdiction of one or more regulators. Changes to applicable rules and regulations could have an adverse affect on securities markets and market participants, as well as on the Funds ability to execute its investment strategy.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
35
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Performance
The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Funds performance from year to year and how the Funds average annual returns over time compare with those of a broad-based securities market index. The returns in the bar chart are for Class A shares and do not reflect a sales charge. If the sales charge was reflected, the returns would be lower. Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com.
For
the ten years ended December 31,
2013
, the highest quarterly total return for Class A was 19.40% for the quarter ended September 30, 2009, and the lowest quarterly return was 33.19% for the quarter ended December 31, 2008.
These returns reflect the maximum sales charge for Class A (5.75%) and any applicable contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) for Class C. The Class I performance shown above for the period prior to July 29, 2011 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Class A shares at net asset value without adjustment for any differences in the expenses of the two classes. If adjusted for other expenses, returns would be different. Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.
After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from the after-tax returns presented for Class A shares. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Management
Investment Adviser. Boston Management and Research (BMR).
Portfolio Manager. The Fund is managed by Nancy B. Tooke, Vice President of BMR, who has managed the Fund and Special Equities Portfolio (the portfolio the Fund invested in prior to May 1, 2012) since 2006.
For important information about purchase and sale of shares, taxes and financial intermediary compensation, please turn to Important Information Regarding Fund Shares on page 34 of this Prospectus.
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Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Important Information Regarding Fund Shares
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares on any business day, which is any day the New York Stock Exchange is open for business. Class B shares are only available for purchase upon exchange from another Eaton Vance fund or through reinvestment of distributions. You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares either through your financial intermediary or directly from the Fund either by writing to the Fund, P.O. Box 9653, Providence, RI 02940-9653, or by calling 1-800-262-1122. The minimum initial purchase or exchange into a Fund is $1,000 for each Class (with the exception of Class I) and $250,000 for Class I (waived in certain circumstances). There is no minimum for subsequent investments.
Each Funds distributions are expected to be taxed as ordinary income and/or capital gains, unless you are exempt from taxation.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase Fund shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank) (collectively, financial intermediaries), a Fund, its principal underwriter and its affiliates may pay the financial intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the financial intermediary and your salesperson to recommend a Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediarys website for more information.
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Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Investment Objectives & Principal Policies and Risks
Each Fund and Portfolio are permitted to engage in the following investment practices to the extent set forth in Fund Summaries above or, in the case of certain Portfolios, in Further Information about the Portfolios. References to the Fund below are to each Fund and Portfolio, as applicable.
A statement of the investment objective and principal investment policies and risks of the Fund is set forth above in Fund Summaries. As noted in each Fund Summary, each Fund (except Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund and Special Equities Fund) seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in the Portfolio or Portfolios named therein. Set forth below is additional information about such policies and risks of the Fund described in Fund Summaries above. Information also is included about other types of investments and practices that
the
Fund may engage in from time to time.
Foreign and Emerging Market Investments. Investments in foreign issuers could be affected by factors not present in the United States, including expropriation, armed conflict, confiscatory taxation, lack of uniform accounting and auditing standards, less publicly available financial and other information, and potential difficulties in enforcing contractual obligations. Because foreign issuers may not be subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standard practices and requirements and regulatory measures comparable to those in the United States, there may be less publicly available information about such foreign issuers. Settlements of securities transactions in foreign countries are subject to risk of loss, may be delayed and are generally less frequent than in the United States, which could affect the liquidity of the Funds assets.
As an alternative to holding foreign-traded investments, the Fund may invest in
U.S.
dollar-denominated investments of foreign companies that trade on U.S. exchanges or in the U.S. over-the-counter market (including depositary receipts
, which
evidence ownership in underlying foreign investments
and are subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities.
Unless otherwise stated in Fund Summaries, such investments are not subject to any stated limitation on investing in foreign investments.
The foregoing risks of foreign investing can be more significant in less developed countries characterized as emerging market countries, which may offer higher potential for gains and losses than investments in the developed markets of the world. Political and economic structures in emerging market countries generally lack the social, political and economic stability of developed countries, which may affect the value of the Funds investments in these countries and also the ability of the Fund to access markets in such countries. Governmental actions can have a significant effect on the economic conditions in emerging market countries, which also may adversely affect the value and liquidity of the Funds investments. The laws of emerging market countries relating to the limited liability of corporate shareholders, fiduciary duties of officers and directors, and bankruptcy of state enterprises are generally less well developed than or different from such laws in the United States. It may be more difficult to obtain a judgment in the courts of these countries than it is in the United States. Disruptions due to work stoppages and trading improprieties in foreign securities markets have caused such markets to close. If extended closings were to occur in stock markets where the Fund is heavily invested, the Funds ability to redeem Fund shares could become impaired. In such circumstances, the Fund may have to sell more liquid securities than it would otherwise choose to sell. Emerging market securities are also subject to speculative trading, which contributes to their volatility.
Foreign Currencies. The value of foreign assets and currencies as measured in U.S. dollars may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in foreign currency rates and exchange control regulations, application of foreign tax laws (including withholding tax), governmental administration of economic or monetary policies (in this country or abroad), and relations between nations and trading. Foreign currencies also are subject to settlement, custodial and other operational risks. Currency exchange rates can be affected unpredictably by intervention by U.S. or foreign governments or central banks, or the failure to intervene, or by currency controls or political developments in the United States or abroad. Costs are incurred in connection with conversions between currencies. The Fund may engage in spot transactions and forward foreign currency exchange contracts, purchase and sell options on currencies and purchase and sell currency futures contracts and related options thereon (collectively, Currency Instruments) to seek to hedge against the decline in the value of currencies in which its portfolio holdings are denominated against the U.S. dollar. Use of Currency Instruments may involve substantial currency risk and may also involve counterparty, leverage or liquidity risk.
Derivatives. The Fund may enter into derivatives transactions with respect to any security or other instrument in which it is permitted to invest or any related security, instrument, index or economic indicator (reference instruments). The Fund may engage in derivative transactions to seek return, to hedge against fluctuations in securities prices, interest rates or currency exchange rates, or as a substitute for the purchase or sale of securities or currencies. Derivatives are financial instruments the value of which is derived from the underlying reference instrument. Derivatives transactions can involve substantial risk. Derivatives typically allow the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk to which the Fund is exposed more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments. The Fund incurs costs in connection with opening and closing derivatives positions. The Fund may engage in the derivative transactions set forth below, as well as in other derivative transactions with substantially similar characteristics and risks.
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Certain derivative transactions may give rise to a form of leverage. The Fund is required to segregate or earmark liquid assets or otherwise cover the Funds obligation created by a transaction that may give rise to leverage. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements. Leverage may cause the
Funds share price
to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged, as certain types of leverage may exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Funds portfolio securities. The loss on leverage transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
The use of derivatives can lead to losses because of adverse movements in the price or value of the asset, index, rate or instrument underlying a derivative, due to failure of a counterparty or due to tax or regulatory constraints. Derivatives risk may be more significant when derivatives are used to enhance return or as a substitute for a cash investment position, rather than solely to hedge the risk of a position held by the Fund. When derivatives are used to gain or limit exposure to a particular market or market segment, their performance may not correlate as expected to the performance of such market thereby causing the Fund to fail to achieve its original purpose for using such derivatives. A decision as to whether, when and how to use derivatives involves the exercise of specialized skill and judgment, and even a well-conceived transaction may be unsuccessful to some degree because of market behavior or unexpected events. Derivative instruments may be difficult to value, may be illiquid, and may be subject to wide swings in valuation caused by changes in the value of the underlying instrument. If a derivatives counterparty is unable to honor its commitments, the value of Fund shares may decline and the Fund could experience delays in the return of collateral or other assets held by the counterparty. The loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Options on Securities, Indices and Currencies. The Fund may engage in transactions in exchange-traded and over-the-counter (OTC) options. There are several risks associated with transactions in options such as imperfect correlation, counterparty risk and an insufficient liquid secondary market for particular options. By buying a put option, the Fund acquires a right to sell the underlying instrument at the exercise price, thus limiting the Fund's risk of loss through a decline in the market value of the instrument until the put option expires. The Fund will pay a premium to the seller of the option for the right to receive payments of cash to the extent that the value of the applicable instrument declines below the exercise price as of the option valuation date. If the price of the instrument is above the exercise price of the option as of the option valuation date, the option expires worthless and the Fund will not be able to recover the option premium paid to the seller. The Fund may purchase uncovered put options. The Fund also has authority to write (i.e., sell) put options. The Fund will receive a premium for writing a put option, which increases the Fund's return. In writing a put option, the Fund has the obligation to buy the underlying instrument at an agreed upon price if the price of such instrument decreases below the exercise price. If the value of the instrument on the option expiration date is above the exercise price, the option will generally expire worthless and the Fund, as option seller, will have no obligation to the option holder.
A purchased call option gives the Fund the right to buy, and obligates the seller to sell, the underlying instrument at the exercise price at any time during the option period. The Fund also is authorized to write (i.e., sell) call options on instruments in which it may invest and to enter into closing purchase transactions with respect to such options. A covered call option is an option in which the Fund, in return for a premium, gives another party a right to buy specified instruments owned by the Fund at a specified future date and price set at the time of the contract. The Fund's ability to sell the instrument underlying a call option may be limited while the option is in effect unless the Fund enters into a closing purchase transaction. Uncovered call options have speculative characteristics and are riskier than covered call options because there is no underlying instrument held by the Fund that can act as a partial hedge. As the writer of a covered call option or an index call option, the Fund forgoes, during the options life, the opportunity to profit from increases in the market value of the security or the index covering the call option above the sum of the option premium received and the exercise price of the call, but has retained the risk of loss, minus the option premium received, should the price of the underlying security or index decline.
OTC options involve risk that the issuer or counterparty will fail to perform its contractual obligations. Participants in these markets are typically not subject to the same credit evaluation and regulatory oversight as are members of exchange-based markets. By engaging in option transactions in these markets, the Fund may take a credit risk with regard to parties with which it trades and also may bear the risk of settlement default.
The Fund may also enter into swaptions, which are options giving the option owner the right (but not the obligation) to enter into or cancel a swap agreement at a future date.
Under certain market conditions, the Fund may purchase put option spreads rather than standalone put options. By doing so, the Fund can lower the net cost of its market hedging activities, since the premiums received from selling put options will offset, in part, the premiums paid to purchase the put options. Although less expensive than buying a standalone put option, buying a put option spread will expose the Fund to incremental loss if the value of the applicable instrument at contract expiration is below the exercise price of the put option sold.
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Covered Calls and Equity Collars. While the Fund generally will write only covered call options, it may sell the instrument underlying a call option prior to entering into a closing purchase transaction on up to 5% of the Funds net assets, provided that such sale will not occur more than three days prior to the option buy back. In an equity collar, the Fund simultaneously writes a call option and purchases a put option on the same instrument.
Futures Contracts. The Fund may engage in transactions in futures contracts and options on futures contracts. Futures are standardized, exchange-traded contracts that obligate a purchaser to take delivery, and a seller to make delivery, of a specific amount of an asset at a specified future date at a specified price. The Fund also is authorized to purchase or sell call and put options on futures contracts. The primary risks associated with the use of futures contracts and options are imperfect correlation, liquidity, unanticipated market movement and counterparty risk.
Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts.
Certain
forward foreign currency exchange contracts
may be
individually negotiated and privately traded so they are dependent upon the creditworthiness of the counterparty.
Forward contracts
are subject to the risk of political and economic factors applicable to the countries issuing the underlying currencies. Furthermore, unlike trading in most other types of instruments, there is no systematic reporting of last sale information with respect to the foreign currencies underlying forwards. As a result, available information may not be complete.
Credit Derivatives. Credit derivatives are instruments that are intended to provide a long or short exposure to a particular issuer, basket of issuers or economic indicator (such as interest rates). Credit derivatives include credit default swaps, total return swaps, interest rate swaps, credit options, credit-linked notes, forward rate contracts and other instruments that have substantially similar characteristics and risks. In a credit default swap, the buyer of credit protection (or seller of credit risk) agrees to pay the counterparty a fixed, periodic premium for a specified term. In return, the counterparty agrees to pay a contingent payment to the buyer in the event of an agreed upon credit occurrence which is typically a default by the issuer of a debt obligation. In a total return swap, the buyer receives a periodic return equal to the total economic return of a specified security, securities or index, for a specified period of time. In return, the buyer pays the counterparty a variable stream of payments, typically based upon short-term interest rates, possibly plus or minus an agreed upon spread. Interest rate swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive interest, e.g., an exchange of fixed rate payments for floating rate payments. Credit options are options whereby the purchaser has the right, but not the obligation, to enter into a transaction involving either an asset with inherent credit risk or a credit derivative, at terms specified at the inception of the option. Credit linked notes are obligations between two or more parties where the payment of principal and/or interest is based on the performance of some obligation, basket of obligations, index or economic indicator (a reference instrument). Under forward rate agreements, the buyer locks in an interest rate at a future settlement date. If the interest rate on the settlement date exceeds the lock rate, the buyer pays the seller the difference between the two rates. If the lock rate exceeds the interest rate on the settlement date, the seller pays the buyer the difference between the two rates. The primary risks associated with credit derivatives are imperfect correlation, unanticipated market movement, counterparty risk and liquidity risk.
Equity Swaps. Equity swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective returns as calculated on a notional amount of an equity index (such as the S&P 500 Index), basket of equity securities, or individual equity security. The success of swap agreements is dependent on the investment advisers ability to predict correctly whether certain types of investments are likely to produce greater returns than other investments. Other risks include liquidity and counterparty risk.
Short Sales. The Fund may engage in covered short sales (on individual securities held or on an index or basket of securities whose constituents are held in whole or in part or for which liquid assets have been segregated). A short sale on an individual security typically involves the sale of a security that is borrowed from a broker or other institution to complete the sale. Short sales expose the seller to the risk that it will be required to acquire securities to replace the borrowed securities (also known as covering the short position) at a time when the securities sold short have appreciated in value, thus resulting in a loss. When making a short sale, the Fund must segregate liquid assets equal to (or otherwise cover) its obligations under the short sale. The seller of a short position generally realizes a profit on the transaction if the price it receives on the short sale exceeds the cost of closing out the position by purchasing securities in the market, but generally realizes a loss if the cost of closing out the short position exceeds the proceeds of the short sale.
Real Estate Investment Trusts. Real estate investment trusts (REITs) are subject to the special risks associated with real estate. Securities of companies in the real estate industry are sensitive to factors such as changes in real estate values, property taxes, interest rates, cash flow of underlying real estate assets, occupancy rates, government regulations affecting zoning, land use, and rents, and the management skill and creditworthiness of the issuer. Companies in the real estate industry may also be subject to liabilities under environmental and hazardous waste laws, among others. Changes in underlying real estate values may have an exaggerated effect to the extent that REITs concentrate investments in particular geographic regions or property types.
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Fixed-Income Securities.
Fixed-income securities include all types of
fixed and floating-rate
bonds and notes, such as convertible securities; corporate commercial paper; mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities; inflation-indexed bonds issued by both governments and corporations; structured notes, including hybrid or indexed securities;
loans;
loan participations and assignments; delayed funding loans and revolving credit facilities; preferred securities; and bank certificates of deposit, fixed time deposits, bank deposits (or investments structured to provide the same type of exposure) and bankers acceptances of foreign and domestic banks
and other debt instruments.
Fixed-income securities are issued by:
foreign
governments or their subdivisions, agencies and government-sponsored enterprises; international agencies or supranational entities; the U.S. Government, its agencies or government-sponsored enterprises (or guaranteed thereby); central or quasi-sovereign banks and U.S. and
foreign
corporations. Fixed-income securities include deep discount bonds, such as zero coupon bonds, deferred interest bonds, bonds or securities on which the interest is payable in-kind (PIK securities), which are debt obligations that are issued at a significant discount from face value, and securities purchased on a forward commitment or when-issued basis. While zero coupon bonds do not make periodic payments of interest, deferred interest bonds provide for a period of delay before the regular payment of interest begins. PIK securities provide that the issuer thereof may, at its option, pay interest in cash or in the form of additional securities.
Credit Quality. Rating agencies are private services that provide ratings of the credit quality of certain loans and other income securities. In evaluating creditworthiness, the investment adviser considers ratings assigned by rating agencies and generally performs additional credit and investment analysis. Credit ratings issued by rating agencies are based on a number of factors including, but not limited to, the issuers financial condition and the rating agencys credit analysis, if applicable, at the time of rating. The ratings assigned are not absolute standards of credit quality and do not evaluate market risks or necessarily reflect the issuers current financial condition. An issuers current financial condition may be better or worse than the current rating indicates. A credit rating may have a modifier (such as plus, minus or a numerical modifier) to denote its relative status within the rating. The presence of a modifier does not change the security credit rating (for example, BBB- and Baa3 are within the investment grade rating) for purposes of the Funds investment limitations. If a security is rated differently by rating agencies, the higher rating will be used for any Fund rating restrictions.
Lower Rated Securities. Investments in obligations rated below investment grade and comparable unrated securities (junk bonds) have speculative characteristics because of the credit risk associated with their issuers. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances typically have a greater effect on the ability of issuers of lower rated investments to make principal and interest payments than they do on issuers of higher rated investments. An economic downturn generally leads to a higher non-payment rate, and a lower rated investment may lose significant value before a default occurs. Lower rated investments generally are subject to greater price volatility and illiquidity than higher rated investments.
U.S. Treasury and Government Agency Securities. U.S. Treasury securities ( “ Treasury Securities ” ) include U.S. Treasury obligations that differ in their interest rates, maturities and times of issuance. Agency Securities include obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies or instrumentalities and government-sponsored enterprises. Agency Securities may be guaranteed by the U.S. Government or they may be backed by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury, the discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase the obligations, or the credit of the agency or instrumentality. While U.S. Government agencies may be chartered or sponsored by Acts of Congress, their securities are not issued and may not be guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury. To the extent that the Fund invests in securities of government-sponsored enterprises, the Fund will be subject to the risks unique to such entities. Government-sponsored enterprises, such as the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac), the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae), the Federal Home Loan Banks (FHLBs), the Private Export Funding Corporation (PEFCO), the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), the Federal Farm Credit Banks (FFCB) and the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), although chartered or sponsored by Congress, are not funded by congressional appropriations and the debt and mortgage-backed securities issued by them are neither guaranteed nor issued by the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government has provided financial support to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac in the past, but there can be no assurance that it will support these or other government-sponsored enterprises in the future. Treasury Securities and Agency Securities also include any security or agreement collateralized or otherwise secured by Treasury Securities or Agency Securities, respectively. As a result of their high credit quality and market liquidity, U.S. Government securities generally provide a lower current return than obligations of other issuers.
Asset-Backed Securities. Asset-backed securities represent interests in a pool of assets, such as home equity loans, commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS), automobile receivables or credit card receivables. Unscheduled prepayments of asset-backed securities may result in a loss of income if the proceeds are invested in lower-yielding securities. In addition, issuers of asset-backed securities may have limited ability to enforce the security interest in the underlying assets, and credit enhancements (if any) may be inadequate in the event of default. Asset-backed securities may experience losses on the underlying assets as a result of certain rights provided to consumer debtors under federal and state law. The value of asset-backed securities may be affected by the factors described above and other factors, such as the availability of information concerning the pool and its structure, the creditworthiness of the servicing agent for the pool, the originator of the underlying assets or the entities providing credit enhancements and the ability of the servicer to service the underlying collateral. The value of asset-backed securities
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representing interests in a pool of utilities receivables may be adversely affected by changes in government regulations. Under certain market conditions, asset-backed securities may be less liquid and may be difficult to value.
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities. CMBS include securities that reflect an interest in, and are secured by, mortgage loans on commercial real property. CMBS are subject to the risks described under Asset-Backed Securities above. CMBS also are subject to many of the risks of investing in the real estate securing the underlying mortgage loans. These risks reflect the effects of local and other economic conditions on real estate markets, the ability of tenants to make loan payments, and the ability of a property to attract and retain tenants. CMBS may be less liquid and exhibit a greater price volatility than other types of mortgage- or asset-backed securities.
The commercial mortgage loans that underlie CMBS have certain distinct risk characteristics. Commercial mortgage loans generally lack standardized terms, which may complicate their structure, tend to have shorter maturities than residential mortgage loans and may not be fully amortizing. Commercial properties themselves tend to be unique and are more difficult to value than single-family residential properties. In addition, commercial properties, particularly industrial and warehouse properties, are subject to environmental risks and the burdens and costs of compliance with environmental laws and regulations.
Mortgage-Backed Securities (MBS). MBS represent participation interests in pools of adjustable and fixed-rate mortgage loans. MBS may be issued by the U.S. Government (or one of its agencies or instrumentalities) or privately issued but collateralized by mortgages that are insured, guaranteed or otherwise backed by the U.S. Government, or its agencies or instrumentalities. Adjustable rate mortgages are mortgages whose interest rates are periodically reset when market rates change. Unlike conventional debt obligations, MBS provide monthly payments derived from the monthly interest and principal payments (including any prepayments) made by the individual borrowers on the pooled mortgage loans. MBS that include loans that have had a history of refinancing opportunities are referred to as seasoned MBS. MBS that are not seasoned MBS are referred to as generic MBS. Seasoned MBS tend to have a higher collateral to debt ratio than other MBS because a greater percentage of the underlying debt has been repaid and the collateral property may have appreciated in value. MBS may be premium bonds acquired at prices that exceed their par or principal value.
The mortgage loans underlying MBS are generally subject to a greater rate of principal prepayments in a declining interest rate environment and to a lesser rate of principal prepayments in an increasing interest rate environment, although investment in seasoned MBS can mitigate this risk. Under certain interest and prepayment rate scenarios, the Fund may fail to recover the full amount of its investment in MBS, notwithstanding any direct or indirect governmental or agency guarantee. Moreover, if the Fund invests in interest only stripped MBS, it may fail to recoup its initial investment if the underlying mortgages experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal. Because faster than expected prepayments must usually be invested in lower yielding securities, MBS are less effective than conventional bonds in locking in a specified interest rate. For premium bonds, prepayment risk may be enhanced. In a rising interest rate environment, a declining prepayment rate will extend the average life of many MBS. This possibility is often referred to as extension risk. Extending the average life of a mortgage-backed security increases the risk of depreciation due to future increases in market interest rates. MBS that are purchased at a premium generate current income that exceeds market rates for comparable investments, but tend to decrease in value as they mature. MBS include classes of collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs), including fixed- or floating-rate tranches, and various other MBS. In choosing among CMO classes, the investment adviser will evaluate the total income potential of each class and other factors. CMOs are subject to the same types of risks affecting MBS as described above. Mortgage dollar rolls involve the Fund selling MBS for delivery in the current month with a simultaneous contract entered to repurchase substantially similar (same type, coupon and maturity) securities on a specified future date (a mortgage roll). During the roll period, the Fund foregoes principal and interest paid on the MBS.
Eurodollar and Yankee Dollar Instruments. The Fund may invest a portion of its assets in Eurodollar and Yankee Dollar instruments. Eurodollar instruments are bonds that pay interest and principal in U.S. dollars held in banks outside the United States, primarily in Europe. Eurodollar instruments are usually issued on behalf of multinational companies and foreign governments by large underwriting groups composed of banks and issuing houses from many countries. Yankee Dollar instruments are U.S. dollar denominated bonds issued in the United States by foreign banks and corporations. These investments involve risks that are different from investments in securities issued by U.S. issuers, and may carry many of the same risks as investing in foreign securities.
Repurchase Agreements.
A repurchase agreement is the purchase by the Fund of securities from a counterparty in exchange for cash that is coupled with an agreement to resell those securities to the counterparty at a specified date and price. Repurchase agreements
that
mature in more than seven days will be treated as illiquid. When a repurchase agreement is entered into, the Fund typically receives securities with a value that equals or exceeds the repurchase price, including any accrued interest earned on the agreement. The value of such securities will be marked to market daily, and cash or additional securities will be exchanged between the parties as needed. Except in the case of a repurchase agreement entered into to settle a short sale, the value of the securities delivered to the Fund will be at least equal to the repurchase price during the term of the repurchase agreement. The terms of a repurchase agreement entered into to settle a short sale may provide that the cash purchase price
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paid by the Fund is more than the value of purchased securities that effectively collateralize the repurchase price payable by the counterparty. Since in such a transaction the Fund normally will have used the purchased securities to settle the short sale, the Fund will segregate liquid assets equal to the marked to market value of the purchased securities that it is obligated to return to the counterparty under the repurchase agreement.
Inflation-Indexed Bonds. Inflation-indexed bonds (other than municipal inflation-indexed bonds and certain corporate inflation-indexed bonds) are fixed-income securities whose principal value is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation. If the index measuring inflation falls, the principal value of inflation-indexed bonds (other than municipal inflation-indexed bonds and certain corporate inflation-indexed bonds) will be adjusted downward, and consequently the interest payable on these securities (calculated with respect to a smaller principal amount) will be reduced. Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury in the case of U.S. Treasury inflation-indexed bonds. For bonds that do not provide a similar guarantee, the adjusted principal value of the bond repaid at maturity may be less than the original principal.
Municipal Obligations. Municipal obligations include bonds, notes, floating-rate notes and commercial paper issued by municipalities and agencies and authorities established by those municipalities. Municipal debt may be used for a wide variety of public and private purposes, and the interest thereon may or may not be subject to U.S. federal income tax. Municipal obligations also include municipal leases and participations in municipal leases. An issuers obligation under such leases is often subject to the appropriation by a legislative body, on an annual or other basis, of funds for the payment of the obligations. Certain municipal obligations may be purchased on a when-issued basis, which means that payment and delivery occur on a future settlement date. The price and yield of such securities are generally fixed on the date of commitment to purchase.
Smaller Companies.
Securities of smaller, less seasoned companies, which may include legally restricted securities, are generally subject to greater price fluctuations, limited liquidity, higher transaction costs and higher investment risk
than the securities of larger, more established companies.
Because of the absence of any public trading market for some of these investments (such as those which are legally restricted) it may take longer to liquidate these positions at fair value than would be the case for publicly traded securities.
Pooled Investment Vehicles.
Subject to applicable limitations, the Fund may invest in pooled investment vehicles, including open- and closed-end investment companies affiliated or unaffiliated with the investment adviser, and exchange-traded funds. The market for common shares of closed-end investment companies and exchange-traded funds, which are generally traded on an exchange, is affected by the demand for those securities, regardless of the value of the funds underlying portfolio assets. The Fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any management fees and expenses paid by unaffiliated and certain affiliated pooled investment vehicles in which it invests, except that management fees of affiliated funds may be waived.
If
they exceed 0.01%, the costs associated with such investments will be reflected in Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses in the Annual Fund Operating Expenses in Fund Summaries.
Illiquid Securities. The Fund may not invest more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities, which may be difficult to value properly and may involve greater risks than liquid securities. Illiquid securities include those legally restricted as to resale (such as those issued in private placements), and may include commercial paper issued pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A thereunder. Certain Section 4(2) and Rule 144A securities may be treated as liquid securities if the investment adviser determines that such treatment is warranted. Even if determined to be liquid, holdings of these securities may increase the level of Fund illiquidity if eligible buyers become uninterested in purchasing them.
Investing in the Portfolios.
Because the advisory fee paid by each Portfolio differs, a Fund that invests in more than one Portfolio has the potential for a conflict of interest with the investment adviser in that assets could be allocated to a Portfolio for the reason that it has a higher advisory fee. However, in making allocation determinations, the portfolio manager
must make determinations
on the basis of the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders
and under no circumstances are assets allocated to a Portfolio solely because it pays a higher advisory fee
. The Fund may be one of several investors in a Portfolio. Actions taken by other investors may adversely affect the Fund and its shareholders.
Portfolio Turnover. The annual portfolio turnover rate of the Fund may exceed 100%. A mutual fund with a high turnover rate (100% or more) may generate more capital gains and pay more commissions (which may reduce return) than a fund with a lower rate. Capital gains distributions will be made to shareholders if offsetting capital loss carry forwards do not exist.
Securities Lending. The Fund may seek to earn income by lending portfolio securities to broker-dealers or other institutional borrowers. As with other extensions of credit, there are risks of delay in recovery or even loss of rights in the securities loaned if the borrower of the securities fails financially. Loans will only be made to firms that have been approved by the investment adviser and the investment adviser or the securities lending agent will periodically monitor the financial condition of such organizations while any loans are outstanding. In addition, loans will only be made when the investment adviser believes the expected returns, net of expenses, justify the attendant risk. Securities loans currently are required to be secured continuously by
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
43
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
collateral in cash, cash equivalents (such as money market instruments) or other liquid securities held by the custodian and maintained in an amount at least equal to the market value of the securities loaned. The Fund may lend up to one-third of the value of its total assets (including borrowings) or such other amount as is permitted under relevant law.
Borrowing. The Fund is authorized to borrow in accordance with applicable regulations, but currently intends to borrow only for temporary purposes (such as to satisfy redemption requests, to remain fully invested in anticipation of expected cash inflows and to settle transactions). The Fund will not purchase additional investment securities while outstanding borrowings exceed 5% of the value of its total assets.
Cash and Cash Equivalents. The Fund may invest in cash or cash equivalents, including high quality short-term instruments or an affiliated investment company that invests in such instruments.
General. Each Fund's (except Real Estate Fund's) investment objective may not be changed without shareholder approval. Real Estate Fund's investment objective and, for all Funds, certain other policies may be changed without shareholder approval. During unusual market conditions, the Fund may invest up to 100% of its assets in cash or cash equivalents temporarily, which may be inconsistent with its investment objective(s) and other policies. The Fund might not use all of the strategies and techniques or invest in all of the types of securities described in this Prospectus or the Statement of Additional Information. While at times the Fund may use alternative investment strategies in an effort to limit its losses, it may choose not to do so.
The Funds 80% Policy will not be changed unless shareholders are given at least 60 days' advance written notice of the change and, for the purpose of such policy, net assets include any assets purchased with borrowings for investment purposes.
Real Estate Fund's, Small-Cap Fund's, Small-Cap Value Fund's and Special Equities Fund's investment policies include a provision allowing the Fund to invest (i) all of its investable assets in an open-end management investment company with substantially the same investment objective, policies and restrictions as the Fund; or (ii) in more than one open-end management investment company sponsored by Eaton Vance or its affiliates, provided any such companies have investment objectives, policies and restrictions that are consistent with those of the Fund. Any such company or companies would be advised by the Funds investment adviser (or an affiliate) and the Fund would not pay directly any advisory fee with respect to the assets so invested. Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund and Special Equities Fund may initiate investments in one or more such investment companies at any time without shareholder approval.
Management and Organization
Management.
Each Portfolios, Small-Cap Funds, Small-Cap Value Funds and Special Equities Funds investment adviser is Boston Management and Research (BMR),
an indirect
subsidiary of Eaton Vance
Corp. (EVC). Eaton Vance
Management (Eaton Vance
), a wholly-owned subsidiary of EVC, is
Real Estate Funds investment adviser
.
Eaton Vance
and BMR have
offices at Two International Place Boston, MA 02110. Eaton Vance has been managing assets since 1924 and managing mutual funds since 1931. Eaton Vance and its affiliates currently manage over $
285
billion on behalf of mutual funds, institutional clients and individuals.
Each investment adviser manages investments pursuant to an investment advisory agreement. Each Fund (except Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund and Special Equities Fund) has been allocated its pro rata share of the advisory fee paid by the Portfolio(s) in which it invests.
Eaton Vance serves as the administrator of each Fund, providing each Fund with administrative services and related office facilities. In return, Large-Cap Core Research Fund, Large-Cap Growth Fund, Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund and Small-Cap Value Fund are authorized to pay Eaton Vance a fee of 0.15% of average daily net assets.
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013
, the administration fee paid by each of Large-Cap Core Research Fund, Large-Cap Growth Fund, Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund and Small-Cap Value Fund equaled 0.15% of average daily net assets.
Balanced Fund is authorized to pay Eaton Vance a fee of 0.04% of average daily net assets. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, the administration fee of Balanced Fund was 0.04% of the Funds average daily net assets.
Eaton Vance does not currently receive a fee for serving as administrator of Dividend Builder Fund, Large-Cap Value and Special Equities Fund.
Each Funds semiannual report provides information regarding the basis for the Trustees approval of the investment advisory agreement with regard to each Portfolio, Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund and Special Equities Fund.
Balanced Fund. The Balanced Fund invests in Large-Cap Core Research Portfolio and Investment Grade Income Portfolio. Balanced Fund is allocated its pro rata share of the advisory fees paid by the Portfolios in which it invests. For the year ended December 31, 2013, the Funds allocated portion of the advisory fees paid by the Portfolios amounted to 0.59% of the Funds average daily net assets. Additional information about each Portfolios advisory fees and portfolio managers is set forth below.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
44
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Dividend Builder Portfolio. Under its investment advisory agreement with Dividend Builder Portfolio, BMR receives a monthly advisory fee as follows:
Average Daily Net Assets for the Month |
Annual Fee Rate
|
Up to $500 million |
0.6500% |
$500 million but less than $1 billion |
0.6250% |
$1 billion but less than $1.5 billion |
0.6000% |
$1.5 billion but less than $2 billion |
0.5500% |
$2 billion but less than $3 billion |
0.5000% |
$3 billion and over |
0.4375% |
*
Pursuant to a fee reduction agreement
effective June 14, 2004
.
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the effective annual rate of advisory fee paid to BMR, based on average daily net assets of the Portfolio, was 0.63%.
Charles
B.
Gaffney
has served as
the portfolio
manager
of Dividend Builder Portfolio
since 2007.
Mr. Gaffney has been a Vice President of Eaton Vance
and BMR
for more than five years,
and
is a portfolio manager and Director of Equity Research.
Large-Cap Core Research Portfolio. Under its investment advisory agreement with Large-Cap Core Research Portfolio, BMR receives a monthly advisory fee as follows:
Average Daily Net Assets for the Month |
Annual Fee Rate
|
Up to $500 million |
0.650% |
$500 million but less than $1 billion |
0.625% |
$1 billion but less than $2.5 billion |
0.600% |
$2.5 billion and over |
0.575% |
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the effective annual rate of advisory fee paid to BMR, based on average daily net assets of the Portfolio, was 0.65%.
Mr.
Gaffney has served as the portfolio manager of Large-Cap Core Research Portfolio and its predecessor fund since 2007 and is responsible for the day-to-day management of the Portfolio. He has supervised the equity research analysts responsible for selection of portfolio securities since 2007. Mr. Gaffney and the equity research analysts meet periodically to discuss investment policy and procedures and to provide investment research for the Portfolio.
As portfolio manager, Mr. Gaffney coordinates the allocation of Portfolio assets among the market sectors, using the weightings of the S&P 500 Index as a benchmark. The various equity research analysts are responsible for choosing the particular securities within their sectors or industries.
For additional information on Mr. Gaffney, please see above.
Large-Cap Growth Portfolio. Under its investment advisory agreement with Large-Cap Growth Portfolio, BMR receives a monthly advisory fee as follows:
Average Daily Net Assets for the Month |
Annual Fee Rate
|
Up to $500 million |
0.650% |
$500 million but less than $1 billion |
0.625% |
$1 billion but less than $2.5 billion |
0.600% |
$2.5 billion and over |
0.575% |
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the effective annual rate of advisory fee paid to BMR, based on average daily net assets of the Portfolio, was 0.65%.
Large-Cap Growth Portfolio is managed by a team of portfolio managers led by Lewis R. Piantedosi. Mr. Piantedosi has served as a portfolio manager of the Portfolio since it commenced operations in 2002 and manages other Eaton Vance portfolios. He
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
45
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
has been an Eaton Vance portfolio manager for more than five years and is a Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR. Yana S. Barton has been a member of the portfolio management team since December 2009. Ms. Barton has managed other Eaton Vance portfolios since 2005. She has been employed by Eaton Vance for more than five years and is a Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR.
Large-Cap Value Portfolio. Under its investment advisory agreement with Large-Cap Value Portfolio, BMR receives a monthly advisory fee as follows:
Average Daily Net Assets for the Month |
Annual Fee Rate
|
Up to $2 billion |
0.625% |
$2 billion but less than $5 billion |
0.600% |
$5 billion but less than $10 billion |
0.575% |
$10 billion but less than $15 billion |
0.555% |
$15 billion but less than $20 billion |
0.540% |
$20 billion but less than $25 billion |
0.530% |
$25 billion and over |
0.520% |
*
Pursuant to fee reduction agreements
effective
March 27, 2006, April 27, 2009 and April 26, 2010
.
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the effective annual rate of advisory fee paid to BMR, based on average daily net assets of the Portfolio, was 0.
60
%.
Large-Cap Value Portfolio is managed by a team of portfolio managers led by Michael R. Mach. Mr. Mach has served as a portfolio manager of the Portfolio since operations commenced in 2000 and manages other Eaton Vance portfolios. He has been an Eaton Vance portfolio manager for more than five years and is a Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR. The other members of the portfolio management team are Matthew F. Beaudry, John D. Crowley and Stephen J. Kaszynski (all since December 2009). Mr. Beaudry has been managing other Eaton Vance portfolios for more than five years and is a Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR. Mr. Crowley has been managing other Eaton Vance portfolios for more than five years and is a Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR. Mr. Kaszynski has been managing other Eaton Vance portfolios
for more than five years
and
is a Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR.
Real Estate Fund.
Under its investment advisory agreement with Real Estate Fund, Eaton Vance receives a monthly advisory fee equal to 0.65% annually of the Funds average daily net assets. For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the effective annual rate of investment advisory fee paid to Eaton Vance, based on average daily net assets of the Fund was 0.65%.
J. Scott Craig has served as portfolio manager of the Fund since it commenced operations in 2006. He is a Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR.
Small-Cap Fund. Prior to May 1, 2012, the Fund invested its assets in Small-Cap Portfolio, a separate registered investment company with the same objective and policies as the Fund. Small-Cap Portfolio paid advisory fees to BMR on the same schedule as that of the Fund. Under its investment advisory agreement with Small-Cap Fund, BMR receives a monthly advisory fee as follows:
Average Daily Net Assets for the Month |
Annual Fee Rate
|
Up to $500 million |
0.7500% |
$500 million but less than $1 billion |
0.6875% |
$1 billion but less than $1.5 billion |
0.6250% |
$1.5 billion but less than $2 billion |
0.5625% |
$2 billion but less than $3 billion |
0.5000% |
$3 billion and over |
0.4375% |
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the effective annual rate of advisory fee paid to BMR, based on average daily net assets
was 0.75%.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
46
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Nancy B. Tooke is the portfolio manager of Small-Cap Fund and Small-Cap Portfolio since February 2006 and manages other Eaton Vance portfolios. She has been employed by Eaton Vance for more than five years and is a Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR.
Small-Cap Value Fund. Under Small-Cap Value Funds investment advisory agreement, BMR receives a monthly advisory fee as follows:
Average Daily Net Assets for the Month |
Annual Fee Rate
|
Up to $500 million |
0.750% |
$500 million but less than $1 billion |
0.725% |
$1 billion but less than $2.5 billion |
0.700% |
$2.5 billion but less than $5 billion |
0.680% |
$5 billion and over |
0.665% |
Prior to March
1, 2014
, BMR
received
a
monthly
advisory fee
as follows:
Average Daily Net Assets for the Month |
Annual Fee Rate
|
Up to $500 million |
1.0000% |
$500 million but less than $1 billion |
0.9375% |
$1 billion but less than $2.5 billion |
0.8750% |
$2.5 billion but less than $5 billion |
0.8125% |
$5 billion and over |
0.7500% |
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the effective annual rate of investment advisory fee paid to BMR, based on average daily net assets of the Fund was 1.00%.
Small-Cap Value Fund is managed by a team of three portfolio managers led by Gregory R. Greene. Mr. Greene has served as a portfolio manager since March 2006. Mr. Greene
has been
a Vice President of BMR since March 2012,
is
Co-Director of Fox and
a member of the Fox Investment Committee
and has managed
other investment portfolios and
been employed by Fox for more than five years. Other members of the team are J. Bradley Ohlmuller and
Patrick
J.
OBrien
, who both manage other Eaton Vance portfolios. Mr. Ohlmuller has served as a portfolio manager since November 2005,
has been
a Vice President of BMR since March 2012,
is
an Equity Portfolio Manager of Fox and member of the Fox Investment Committee and has been employed by Fox for more than five years. Mr.
OBrien
has served as a portfolio manager since
November 2013, has been
a Vice President of BMR since
November 2013, is
an Equity Portfolio Manager of Fox and has been a member of its Research Group
and
the Fox Investment Committee since October
2012. Prior to joining Fox in October 2012, Mr. OBrien was a portfolio manager
and
analyst with Brown Advisory/ABIM since 2001
.
Special Equities Fund. Prior to May 1, 2012, the Fund invested its assets in Special Equities Portfolio, a separate registered investment company with the same objective and policies as the Fund. Special Equities Portfolio paid advisory fees to BMR on the same schedule as that of the Fund. Under its investment advisory agreement with Special Equities Fund, BMR receives a monthly advisory fee as follows:
Average Daily Net Assets for the Month |
Annual Fee Rate |
All assets |
0.625% |
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the effective annual rate of advisory fee paid to BMR, based on average daily net assets
was 0.625%.
Nancy B. Tooke is the portfolio manager of Special Equities Fund and Special Equities Portfolio since February 2006 and manages other Eaton Vance portfolios. She has been employed by Eaton Vance for more than five years and is a Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR.
The Statement of Additional Information provides additional information about each portfolio managers compensation, other accounts managed by each portfolio manager, and each portfolio managers ownership of Fund shares with respect to which that portfolio manager has management responsibilities.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
47
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance
provides
sub-transfer agency
and related
services
to Eaton Vance mutual funds pursuant to a Sub-Transfer Agency Support Services Agreement. For its services under the agreement
, Eaton Vance receives an aggregate fee
from such funds equal to the lesser of $2.5 million or its
actual expenses
incurred in performing such services
.
Organization.
Each Fund, except Large-Cap Core Research Fund, is a series of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust
.
Large-Cap Core Research Fund is a series of Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust. Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust and Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust are Massachusetts business trusts.
Each Fund offers multiple classes of shares. Each Class represents a pro rata interest in a Fund but is subject to different expenses and rights. The Funds do not hold annual shareholder meetings but may hold special meetings for matters that require shareholder approval (such as electing or removing trustees, approving management or advisory contracts or changing investment policies that may only be changed with shareholder approval).
As a Portfolio investor, Balanced Fund, Dividend Builder Fund, Large-Cap Core Research Fund, Large-Cap Growth Fund and Large-Cap Value Fund may be asked to vote on certain Portfolio matters (such as changes in certain Portfolio investment restrictions). When necessary, Balanced Fund, Dividend Builder Fund, Large-Cap Core Research Fund, Large-Cap Growth Fund and Large-Cap Value Fund will hold a meeting of its shareholders to consider Portfolio matters and then vote its interest in the Portfolio in proportion to the votes cast by its shareholders. There may be other Portfolio investors in addition to Balanced Fund, Dividend Builder Fund, Large-Cap Core Research Fund, Large-Cap Growth Fund and Large-Cap Value Fund. Purchase and redemption activities by other Portfolio investors may impact the management of Investment Grade Income Portfolio, Dividend Builder Portfolio, Large-Cap Core Research Portfolio, Large-Cap Growth Portfolio and Large-Cap Value Portfolio and its ability to achieve its objective. Balanced Fund, Dividend Builder Fund, Large-Cap Core Research Fund, Large-Cap Growth Fund and Large-Cap Value Fund can withdraw its Portfolio investment at any time without shareholder approval.
Because the Funds use this combined Prospectus, a Fund could be held liable for a misstatement or omission made about another Fund.
Valuing Shares
Each Fund values its shares once each day only when the New York Stock Exchange (the Exchange) is open for trading (typically Monday through Friday), as of the close of regular trading on the Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m. eastern time). The purchase price of Fund shares is their net asset value (plus
any applicable
sales charge
), which is derived from the value of Fund or Portfolio holdings. When purchasing or redeeming Fund shares through a financial intermediary, your financial intermediary must receive your order by the close of regular trading on the Exchange in order for the purchase price or the redemption price to be based on that days net asset value per share. It is the financial intermediarys responsibility to transmit orders promptly. Each Fund may accept purchase and redemption orders as of the time of their receipt by certain financial intermediaries (or their designated intermediaries).
The Trustees have adopted procedures for valuing investments and have delegated to the investment adviser the daily valuation of such investments. Pursuant to the procedures, exchange-listed securities normally are valued at closing sale prices. Most debt securities are valued by an independent pricing service. In certain situations, the investment adviser may use the fair value of a security if market prices are unavailable or deemed unreliable, or if events occur after the close of a securities market (usually a foreign market) and before portfolio assets are valued which would materially affect net asset value. In addition, for foreign equity securities that meet certain criteria, the Trustees have approved the use of a fair value service that values such securities to reflect market trading that occurs after the close of the applicable foreign markets of comparable securities or other instruments that have a strong correlation to the fair-valued securities. A security that is fair valued may be valued at a price higher or lower than actual market quotations or the value determined by other funds using their own fair valuation procedures. Because foreign securities trade on days when Fund shares are not priced, the value of securities held by a Fund can change on days when Fund shares cannot be redeemed. The investment adviser expects to fair value domestic securities in limited circumstances, such as when the securities are subject to restrictions on resale. Eaton Vance has established a Valuation Committee that oversees the valuation of investments.
Purchasing Shares
You may purchase shares through your financial intermediary or by mailing an account application form to the transfer agent (see back cover for address). Purchase orders will be executed at the net asset value (plus any applicable sales charge) next determined after their receipt in proper form (meaning that they are complete and contain all necessary information) by a Funds transfer agent. A Funds transfer agent or your financial intermediary must receive your purchase in proper form no later than the close of regular trading on the Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m. eastern time) for your purchase to be effected at that days net asset value. If you purchase shares through a financial intermediary, that intermediary may charge you a fee for executing the purchase for you.
Each Fund may suspend the sale of its shares at any time and any purchase order may be refused for any reason. The funds sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization (the Eaton Vance funds ) do not accept investments from residents of the European
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
48
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Union or Switzerland. The funds also do not accept investments from other non-U.S. residents, provided that a fund may accept investments from certain non-U.S. investors at the discretion of the principal underwriter. The Funds do not issue share certificates.
Class A, Class B, Class C and Class R Shares
Your initial investment must be at least $1,000. After your initial investment, additional investments may be made in any amount at any time by sending a check payable to the order of the Fund or the transfer agent directly to the transfer agent (see back cover for address). Please include your name and account number and the name of the Fund and Class of shares with each investment. You also may make additional investments by accessing your account via the Eaton Vance website at www.eatonvance.com. Purchases made through the Internet from a pre-designated bank account will have a trade date that is the first business day after the purchase is requested (provided the request is submitted no later than the close of regular trading on the Exchange). For more information about purchasing shares through the Internet, please call 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time).
You may make automatic investments of $50 or more each month or each quarter from your bank account. You can establish bank automated investing on the account application or by providing written instructions. Please call 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time) for further information. The minimum initial investment amount and Fund policy of redeeming accounts with low account balances are waived for bank automated investing accounts
,
certain group purchase plans (including
employer sponsored
retirement
plans and proprietary fee-based programs sponsored by financial intermediaries) and for persons affiliated with Eaton Vance, its affiliates and certain Fund service providers (as described in the Statement of Additional Information).
As used throughout this Prospectus, the term employer sponsored retirement plan includes the following: an employer sponsored pension or profit sharing plan that qualifies under section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code (such as a 401(k) plan, money purchase pension, profit sharing and defined benefit plan); ERISA covered 403(b) plan; TaftHartley multi-employer plan; and non-qualified deferred compensation arrangements that operate in a similar manner to a qualified retirement plan (including 457 plans and executive deferred compensation arrangements). Individual Retirement Accounts are not employer sponsored retirement plans for purposes of this definition.
Class I Shares
Class I shares are offered to clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class I shares through a no-load network or platform. Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and
employer sponsored
retirement plans
.
Class I shares also are offered to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates and certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance and certain Fund service providers. Your initial investment must be at least $250,000. Subsequent investments of any amount may be made at any time, including through automatic investment each month or quarter from your bank account. You may make automatic investments of $50 or more each month or each quarter from your bank account. You can establish bank automated investing on the account application or by providing written instructions. Please call 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time) for further information.
The minimum initial investment is waived for persons affiliated with Eaton Vance, its affiliates and certain Fund service providers (as described in the Statement of Additional Information). The minimum initial investment also is waived for
: (i)
permitted exchanges
; (ii) employer sponsored retirement plans; (iii) corporations, endowments and foundations with assets of at least $100 million; and (iv)
individual accounts of a financial intermediary that charges an ongoing fee for its services or offers Class I shares through a no-load network or platform (in each case, as described above), provided the aggregate value of such accounts invested in Class I shares is at least $250,000 (or is anticipated by the principal underwriter to reach $250,000
).
Class I shares may be purchased through a financial intermediary or by requesting your bank to transmit immediately available funds (Federal Funds) by wire. To make an initial investment by wire, you must complete an account application and telephone Eaton Vance Shareholder Services at 1-800-262-1122 to be assigned an account number. You may request an account application by calling 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time). Shareholder Services must be advised by telephone of each additional investment by wire.
Restrictions on Excessive Trading and Market Timing. The Funds are not intended for excessive trading or market timing. Market timers seek to profit by rapidly switching money into a fund when they expect the share price of the fund to rise and taking money out of the fund when they expect those prices to fall. By realizing profits through short-term trading, shareholders that engage in rapid purchases and sales (including exchanges, if permitted) of a funds shares may dilute the value of shares held by long-term shareholders. Volatility resulting from excessive purchases and sales of fund shares, especially involving large dollar amounts, may disrupt efficient portfolio management. In particular, excessive purchases and sales of a funds shares may
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
49
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
cause a fund to have difficulty implementing its investment strategies, may force the fund to sell portfolio securities at inopportune times to raise cash or may cause increased expenses (such as increased brokerage costs, realization of taxable capital gains without attaining any investment advantage or increased administrative costs).
A fund that invests all or a portion of its assets in foreign securities may be susceptible to a time zone arbitrage strategy in which shareholders attempt to take advantage of fund share prices that may not reflect developments in a foreign securities market that occur after the close of such market but prior to the pricing of fund shares. In addition, a fund that invests in securities that are, among other things, thinly traded, traded infrequently or relatively illiquid (including restricted securities and securities of certain small- and mid-cap companies) is susceptible to the risk that the current market price for such securities may not accurately reflect current market values. A shareholder may seek to engage in short-term trading to take advantage of these pricing differences (commonly referred to as price arbitrage). The investment adviser is authorized to use the fair value of a security if prices are unavailable or are deemed unreliable (see Valuing Shares). The use of fair value pricing and the restrictions on excessive trading and market timing described below are intended to reduce a shareholders ability to engage in price or time zone arbitrage to the detriment of the Funds.
The Boards of the
Eaton Vance
funds
have adopted policies to discourage short-term trading and market timing and to seek to minimize their potentially detrimental effects. Pursuant to these policies,
an
Eaton Vance fund shareholder who,
through one or more accounts
, completes two
round-
trips within 90 days generally will be deemed to be market timing or trading excessively in fund shares. Two round-trips within 90 days means either (1)
a purchase
of fund shares
followed
by a redemption
of fund shares followed by a purchase followed by a
redemption
or
(2) a redemption of fund shares followed
by a purchase
of fund shares followed by a redemption followed by a
purchase
, in either case with the final transaction in the sequence occurring within 90 days of the initial transaction in the sequence. Purchases and redemptions subject to the limitation include those made by exchanging to or from another fund.
Under the policies, each Fund or its
sub-transfer agent or
principal underwriter will reject or cancel a purchase order, suspend or terminate an exchange privilege or terminate the ability of an investor to invest in the Eaton Vance funds if the Fund or the principal underwriter determines that a proposed transaction involves market timing or excessive trading that it believes is likely to be detrimental to the Fund. Each Fund and its principal underwriter use reasonable efforts to detect market timing and excessive trading activity, but they cannot ensure that they will be able to identify all cases of market timing and excessive trading. Each Fund or its principal underwriter may also reject or cancel any purchase order (including an exchange) from an investor or group of investors for any other reason. Decisions to reject or cancel purchase orders (including exchanges) in a Fund are inherently subjective and will be made in a manner believed to be in the best interest of a Funds shareholders. No Eaton Vance fund has any arrangement to permit market timing.
The following fund share transactions (to the extent permitted by a funds prospectus) generally are exempt from the market timing and excessive trading policy described above because they generally do not raise market timing or excessive trading concerns:
transactions made pursuant to a systematic purchase plan or as the result of automatic reinvestment of dividends or distributions, or initiated by a Fund (e.g., for failure to meet applicable account minimums);
transactions made by participants in employer sponsored retirement plans involving participant payroll or employer contributions or loan repayments, redemptions as part of plan terminations or at the direction of the plan, mandatory retirement distributions, or rollovers;
transactions made by model-based discretionary advisory accounts; or
transactions made by an Eaton Vance fund that is structured as a fund-of-funds
,
provided the transactions are in response to fund inflows and outflows or are part of a reallocation of fund assets in accordance with its investment policies.
It may be difficult for a Fund or the principal underwriter to identify market timing or excessive trading in omnibus accounts traded through financial intermediaries. The Funds and the principal underwriter have provided guidance to financial intermediaries (such as banks, broker-dealers, insurance companies and retirement administrators) concerning the application of the Eaton Vance funds market timing and excessive trading policies to Fund shares held in omnibus accounts maintained and administered by such intermediaries, including guidance concerning situations where market timing or excessive trading is considered to be detrimental to a Fund. Each Fund or its principal underwriter may rely on a financial intermediarys policy to restrict market timing and excessive trading if it believes that policy is likely to prevent market timing that is likely to be detrimental to the Fund. Such policy may be more or less restrictive than a Funds policy. Although each Fund or the principal underwriter reviews trading activity at the omnibus account level for activity that indicates potential market timing or excessive trading activity, the Funds and the principal underwriter typically will not request or receive individual account data unless suspicious trading activity is identified. Each Fund and the principal underwriter generally rely on financial intermediaries to monitor trading activity in omnibus accounts in good faith in accordance with their own or Fund policies. Each Fund and the
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
50
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
principal underwriter cannot ensure that these financial intermediaries will in all cases apply the policies of the Fund or their own policies, as the case may be, to accounts under their control.
Choosing a Share Class. Each Fund offers different classes of shares. The different classes of shares represent investments in the same portfolio of securities, but the classes are subject to different expenses and will likely have different share prices due to differences in class expenses. A share class also may be subject to a sales charge. In choosing the class of shares that suits your investment needs, you should consider:
how long you expect to own your shares;
how much you intend to invest; and
the total operating expenses associated with owning each class.
Each investors considerations are different. You should speak with your financial intermediary to help you decide which class of shares is best for you. Set forth below is a brief description of each class of shares offered by the Funds.
Class A shares are offered at net asset value plus a front-end sales charge of up to 5.75%. This charge is deducted from the amount you invest. The Class A sales charge is reduced for purchases of $50,000 or more. The sales charge applicable to your purchase may be reduced under the right of accumulation or a statement of intention, which are described in Reducing or Eliminating Class A Sales Charges under Sales Charges below. Some investors may be eligible to purchase Class A shares at net asset value under certain circumstances, which are also described below. Class A shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 0.25% annually of average daily net assets.
Class B shares
are offered at net asset value with no front-end sales charge, but are only available for purchase upon exchange from another Eaton Vance fund or through reinvestment of distributions. If you sell your Class B shares within six years of purchase, you generally will be subject to a contingent deferred sales charge or CDSC
.
The amount of the CDSC applicable to a redemption of Class B shares decreases over six years, as described in the CDSC schedule in Contingent Deferred Sales Charge under Sales Charges below. The CDSC is deducted from your redemption proceeds. Under certain circumstances, the Class B CDSC may be waived (such as in the case of the death of the shareholder). See CDSC Waivers under Sales Charges below. Class B shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 1.00% annually of average daily net assets. Class B shares automatically convert to Class A shares eight years after purchase.
Class C shares
are offered at net asset value with no front-end sales charge. If you sell your Class C shares within one year of purchase, you generally will be subject to a CDSC. The CDSC is deducted from your redemption proceeds. Under certain circumstances, the Class C CDSC may be waived (such as certain redemptions from
employer sponsored
retirement
plans
). See CDSC Waivers under Sales Charges below. Class C shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 1.00% annually of average daily net assets. Orders for Class C shares of one or more Eaton Vance funds will be refused when the total value of the purchase (including the aggregate value of all Eaton Vance fund shares held within the purchasing shareholders account
(s))
is $
250
,000 or more
($1 million or more for employer sponsored retirement plans).
Investors considering cumulative purchases of $
250,000 or more ($
1
million
or more
for employer sponsored retirement plans),
or who, after a purchase of shares, would own shares of Eaton Vance funds with a current market value of $
250,000 or more ($
1
million
or more
for employer sponsored retirement plans),
should consider whether another Class of shares would be more advantageous and consult their financial intermediary.
Class I shares
are offered to clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class I shares through a no-load network or platform. Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and
employer sponsored retirement
plans
.
Class I shares are also offered to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates and certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance and certain Fund service providers.
Class I shares do not pay distribution or service fees.
Class R shares
are offered at net asset value with no front-end sales charge to
employer sponsored
retirement
plans and Individual Retirement Account rollover
clients of financial intermediaries who charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services.
Class R shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 0.50% annually of average daily net assets.
Payments to Financial Intermediaries. In addition to payments disclosed under “ Sales Charges ” below, the principal underwriter, out of its own resources, may make cash payments to certain financial intermediaries who provide marketing support, transaction processing and/or administrative services and, in some cases, include some or all Eaton Vance funds in preferred or specialized selling programs. Payments made by the principal underwriter to a financial intermediary may be significant and are typically in the form of fees based on Fund sales, assets, transactions processed and/or accounts attributable to that financial intermediary. Financial intermediaries also may receive amounts from the principal underwriter in connection with educational or due diligence meetings that include information concerning Eaton Vance funds. The principal underwriter
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
51
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
may pay or allow other promotional incentives or payments to financial intermediaries to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations.
Certain financial intermediaries that maintain fund accounts for the benefit of their customers provide sub-accounting, recordkeeping and/or administrative services to the Eaton Vance funds and are compensated for such services by the funds. As used in this Prospectus, the term financial intermediary includes any broker, dealer, bank (including bank trust departments), registered investment adviser, financial planner, a retirement plan and/or its administrator, their designated intermediaries and any other firm having a selling, administration or similar agreement with the principal underwriter or its affiliates.
Sales Charges
Class A Front-End Sales Charge. Class A shares are offered at net asset value per share plus a sales charge that is determined by the amount of your investment. The current sales charge schedule is:
Amount of Purchase |
Sales Charge
*
|
Sales Charge
*
|
Dealer Commission
|
Less than $50,000 |
5.75% |
6.10% |
5.00% |
$50,000 but less than $100,000 |
4.75% |
4.99% |
4.00% |
$100,000 but less than $250,000 |
3.75% |
3.90% |
3.00% |
$250,000 but less than $500,000 |
3.00% |
3.09% |
2.50% |
$500,000 but less than $1,000,000 |
2.00% |
2.04% |
1.75% |
$1,000,000 but less than $3,000,000 |
0.00** |
0.00** |
TIERED** |
$3,000,000 or more |
0.00** |
0.00** |
TIERED** |
*
Because the offering price per share is rounded to two decimal places, the actual sales charge you pay on a purchase of Class A shares may be more or less than your total purchase amount multiplied by the applicable sales charge percentage.
**
No sales charge is payable at the time of purchase on investments of $1 million or more. The principal underwriter will pay a commission to financial intermediaries on sales of $1 million or more as follows: 1.00% on amounts of $1 million or more but less than $3 million; plus 0.75% on amounts of $3 million or more. A CDSC of 1.00% will be imposed on such investments (as described below) in the event of redemptions within 18 months of purchase.
The principal underwriter may also pay commissions of up to 1.00% on sales of Class A shares made at net asset value to certain
employer sponsored
retirement plans.
Reducing or Eliminating Class A Sales Charges. Front-end sales charges on purchases of Class A shares may be reduced under the right of accumulation or under a statement of intention. To receive a reduced sales charge, you must inform your financial intermediary or a Fund at the time you purchase shares that you qualify for such a reduction. If you do not let your financial intermediary or the Fund know you are eligible for a reduced sales charge at the time of purchase, you will not receive the discount to which you may otherwise be entitled.
Right of Accumulation. Under the right of accumulation, the sales charge you pay is reduced if the current market value of your holdings in a Fund or any other Eaton Vance fund (based on the current maximum public offering price) plus your new purchase total $50,000 or more. Class A shares of Eaton Vance U.S. Government Money Market Fund cannot be included under the right of accumulation. Shares owned by you, your spouse and children under age twenty-one may be combined for purposes of the right of accumulation, including shares held for the benefit of any of you in omnibus or street name accounts. In addition, shares held in a trust or fiduciary account of which any of the foregoing persons is the sole beneficiary (including employer sponsored retirement plans and Individual Retirement Accounts) may be combined for purposes of the right of accumulation. Shares purchased and/or owned in a SEP, SARSEP and SIMPLE IRA plan also may be combined for purposes of the right of accumulation for the plan and its participants. You may be required to provide documentation to establish your ownership of shares included under the right of accumulation (such as account statements for you, your spouse and children or marriage certificates, birth certificates and/or trust or other fiduciary-related documents).
Statement of Intention.
Under a statement of intention, purchases of $50,000 or more made over a 13-month period are eligible for reduced sales charges. Shares eligible under the right of accumulation (other than those included in employer
sponsored retirement plans) may be included to satisfy the amount to be purchased under a statement of intention. Under a statement of intention, the principal underwriter may hold 5% of the dollar amount to be purchased in escrow in the form of shares registered in your name until you satisfy the statement or the 13-month period expires. A statement of intention does not obligate you to purchase (or a Fund to sell) the full amount indicated in the statement.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
52
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Class A shares are offered at net asset value (without a sales charge) to
employer sponsored
retirement
plans, and to clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class A shares through a no-load network or platform, or self-directed brokerage accounts that may or may not charge transaction fees to customers. Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and
employer sponsored
retirement plans
.
Class A shares also are offered at net asset value to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates; certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance; and to certain fund service providers as described in the Statement of Additional Information. Class A shares may also be purchased at net asset value pursuant to the reinvestment privilege and exchange privilege and when distributions are reinvested. See
“
Shareholder Account Features
”
for details.
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge. Class A, Class B and Class C shares are subject to a CDSC on certain redemptions. The CDSC generally is paid to the principal underwriter. Class A shares purchased at net asset value in amounts of $1 million or more are subject to a 1.00% CDSC if redeemed within 18 months of purchase. Class C shares are subject to a 1.00% CDSC if redeemed within one year of purchase. Class B shares are subject to the following CDSC schedule:
Year of Redemption After Purchase |
CDSC |
|
CDSCs are based on the lower of the net asset value at the time of purchase or at the time of redemption. Shares acquired through the reinvestment of distributions are exempt from the CDSC. Redemptions are made first from shares that are not subject to a CDSC. |
First or Second |
5% |
|
|
Third |
4% |
|
|
Fourth |
3% |
|
|
Fifth |
2% |
|
|
Sixth |
1% |
|
|
Seventh or following |
0% |
|
The sales commission payable to financial intermediaries in connection with sales of Class B and Class C shares is described under Distribution and Service Fees below.
CDSC Waivers.
CDSCs are waived for certain redemptions pursuant to a Withdrawal Plan (see Shareholder Account Features) and, for Class B and Class C shares, in connection with certain redemptions from
employer sponsored
retirement plans. The CDSC is also waived following the death of a beneficial owner of shares (a death certificate and other applicable documents may be required).
Conversion Feature. After eight years, Class B shares automatically convert to Class A shares. Class B shares acquired through the reinvestment of distributions convert in proportion to shares not so acquired.
Distribution and Service Fees.
Class A, Class B, Class C and Class R shares have in effect plans under Rule 12b-1 that allow each Fund to pay distribution fees for the sale and distribution of shares (so-called 12b-1 fees) and service fees for personal and/or shareholder account services. Class B and Class C shares pay distribution fees to the principal underwriter of 0.75% of average daily net assets annually. Class R shares pay distribution fees
to the principal underwriter
of 0.25% annually of average daily net assets. Although there is no present intention to do so, Class R shares could pay distribution fees of up to 0.50% annually upon Trustee approval. Because these fees are paid from Fund assets on an ongoing basis, they will increase your cost over time and may cost you more than paying other types of sales charges. The principal underwriter compensates financial intermediaries on sales of Class B and Class C shares (except exchange transactions and reinvestments) in an amount equal to 4% and 1%, respectively, of the purchase price of the shares. After the first year, financial intermediaries also receive 0.75% of the value of Class C shares in annual distribution fees. Class B, Class C and Class R shares also pay service fees to the principal underwriter equal to 0.25% of average daily net assets annually. Class A shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 0.25% of average daily net assets annually. After the sale of shares, the principal underwriter receives the Class A distribution and service fees and the Class B and Class C service fees for one year and thereafter financial intermediaries generally receive 0.25% annually of average daily net assets based on the value of shares sold by such
financial
intermediaries for shareholder servicing performed by such
intermediaries. After the sale of Class R shares, the principal underwriter generally pays
distribution and
service fees to financial intermediaries based on the value of shares sold by such intermediaries. Distribution and service fees are subject to the limitations contained in the sales charge rule of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority.
More information about sales charges is available free of charge on the Eaton Vance website at www.eatonvance.com and in the Statement of Additional Information. Please consult the Eaton Vance website for any updates to sales charge information before making a purchase of Fund shares.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
53
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
You can redeem shares in any of the following ways:
If you redeem shares, your redemption price will be based on the net asset value per share next computed after the redemption request is received in proper form (meaning that it is complete and contains all necessary information) by a Funds transfer agent or your financial intermediary. Your redemption proceeds normally will be paid in cash within seven days, reduced by the amount of any applicable CDSC and any federal income and state tax required to be withheld. Payments will be sent by regular mail. However, if you have given complete written authorization in advance, you may request that the redemption proceeds be wired directly to your bank account. The bank designated may be any bank in the United States. The request may be made by calling 1-800-262-1122 or by sending a Medallion signature guaranteed letter of instruction to the transfer agent (see back cover for address). Certain redemption requests including those involving shares held by certain corporations, trusts or certain other entities and shares that are subject to certain fiduciary arrangements may require additional documentation and may be redeemed only by mail. You may be required to pay the costs of such transaction by a Fund or your bank. No costs are currently charged by a Fund. However, charges may apply for expedited mail delivery services. Each Fund may suspend or terminate the expedited payment procedure upon at least 30 days notice.
If you recently purchased shares, the proceeds of a redemption will not be sent until the purchase check (including a certified or cashiers check) has cleared. If the purchase check has not cleared, redemption proceeds may be delayed up to 15 days from the purchase date. If your account value falls below $750 (other than due to market decline), you may be asked either to add to your account or redeem it within 60 days. If you take no action, your account will be redeemed and the proceeds sent to you.
While redemption proceeds are normally paid in cash, redemptions may be paid by distributing marketable securities. If you receive securities, you could incur brokerage or other charges in converting the securities to cash.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
54
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Shareholder Account Features
Distributions. You may have your Fund distributions paid in one of the following ways:
Information about the Funds. From time to time, you may receive the following:
Semiannual and annual reports containing a list of portfolio holdings as of the end of the second and fourth fiscal quarters, respectively, performance information and financial statements.
Periodic account statements, showing recent activity and total share balance.
Tax information needed to prepare your income tax returns.
Proxy materials, in the event a shareholder vote is required.
Special notices about significant events affecting your Fund.
Most fund information (including semiannual and annual reports, prospectuses and proxy statements) as well as your periodic account statements can be delivered electronically. For more information please go to www.eatonvance.com/edelivery.
The Eaton Vance funds have established policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of portfolio holdings and other information concerning Fund characteristics. A description of these policies and procedures is provided below and additionally in the Statement of Additional Information. Such policies and procedures regarding disclosure of portfolio holdings are designed to prevent the misuse of material, non-public information about the funds.
Each Fund will file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) a list of its portfolio holdings as of the end of the first and third fiscal quarters on Form N-Q. Each Funds annual and semiannual reports (as filed on Form N-CSR) and each Form N-Q may be viewed on the SECs website (www.sec.gov). The most recent fiscal quarter-end holdings may also be viewed on the Eaton Vance website (www.eatonvance.com). Portfolio holdings information that is filed with the SEC is posted on the Eaton Vance website approximately 60 days after the end of the quarter to which it relates. Portfolio holdings information as of each month end is posted to the website approximately one month after such month end except for Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund and Special Equities Fund which post calendar quarter-end holdings approximately two months after such quarter end. Each Fund also posts information about certain portfolio characteristics (such as top ten holdings and asset allocation) at least quarterly on the Eaton Vance website approximately ten business days after the period and each Fund may also post performance attribution as of a month end or more frequently if deemed appropriate.
Withdrawal Plan. You may redeem shares on a regular periodic basis by establishing a systematic withdrawal plan. Withdrawals will not be subject to any applicable CDSC if they are, in the aggregate, less than or equal to 12% annually of the greater of either the initial account balance or the current account balance. Because purchases of Class A shares are generally subject to an initial sales charge, Class A shareholders should not make withdrawals from their accounts while also making purchases.
Exchange Privilege.
You may exchange your Fund shares for shares of the same Class of another Eaton Vance fund. For purposes of exchanges among Eaton Vance funds, Class A and Class I shares are deemed to be the same as Investor Class and Institutional Class shares, respectively, of other Eaton Vance funds. Exchanges are made at net asset value. If your shares are subject to a CDSC, the CDSC will continue to apply to your new shares at the same CDSC rate. For purposes of the CDSC, your shares will continue to age from the date of your original purchase of Fund shares. Any class of shares of a fund may be exchanged for any other class of shares of that fund, provided that the shares being exchanged are no longer subject to a CDSC and the conditions for investing in the other class of shares described in the applicable prospectus are satisfied.
Before exchanging, you should read the prospectus of the new fund carefully. Exchanges are subject to the terms applicable to purchases of the new funds shares as set forth in its prospectus. If you wish to exchange shares, write to the transfer agent (see
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
55
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
back cover for address), log on to your account at www.eatonvance.com or call 1-800-262-1122. Periodic automatic exchanges are also available. The exchange privilege may be changed or discontinued at any time. You will receive at least 60 days notice of any material change to the privilege. This privilege may not be used for market timing and may be terminated for market timing accounts or for any other reason. For additional information, see Restrictions on Excessive Trading and Market Timing under Purchasing Shares. Ordinarily exchanges between different funds are taxable transactions for federal tax purposes, while permitted exchanges of one class for shares of another class of the same fund are not. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors regarding the applicability of federal, state, local and other taxes to transactions in Fund shares.
Reinvestment Privilege. If you redeem shares, you may reinvest at net asset value all or any portion of the redemption proceeds in the same class of shares of the Fund you redeemed from, provided that the reinvestment occurs within 60 days of the redemption, and the privilege has not been used more than once in the prior 12 months. Under these circumstances your account will be credited with any CDSC paid in connection with the redemption. Any CDSC period applicable to the shares you acquire upon reinvestment will run from the date of your original share purchase. Reinvestment requests must be in writing. At the time of a reinvestment, you or your financial intermediary must notify the Fund or the transfer agent that you are reinvesting redemption proceeds in accordance with this privilege. If you reinvest, your purchase will be at the next determined net asset value following receipt of your request.
Telephone and Electronic Transactions. You can redeem or (if permitted) exchange shares by telephone as described in this Prospectus. In addition, certain transactions may be conducted through the Eaton Vance website. The transfer agent and the principal underwriter have procedures in place to authenticate telephone and electronic instructions (such as using security codes or verifying personal account information). As long as the transfer agent and principal underwriter follow reasonable procedures, they will not be responsible for unauthorized telephone or electronic transactions and you bear the risk of possible loss resulting from these transactions. You may decline the telephone redemption option on the account application. Telephone instructions are recorded.
Street Name Accounts. If your shares are held in a street name account at a financial intermediary, that intermediary (and not the Fund or its transfer agent) will perform all recordkeeping, transaction processing and distribution payments. Because the Fund does not maintain an account for you, you should contact your financial intermediary to make transactions in shares, make changes in your account, or obtain account information. You will not be able to utilize a number of shareholder features, such as telephone or internet transactions, directly with a Fund and certain features may be subject to different requirements. If you transfer shares in a street name account to an account with another financial intermediary or to an account directly with a Fund, you should obtain historical information about your shares prior to the transfer.
Procedures for Opening New Accounts. To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, federal law requires financial institutions to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each new customer who opens a Fund account and to determine whether such persons name appears on government lists of known or suspected terrorists or terrorist organizations. When you open an account, the transfer agent or your financial intermediary will ask you for your name, address, date of birth (for individuals), residential or business street address (although post office boxes are still permitted for mailing) and social security number, taxpayer identification number, or other government-issued identifying number. You also may be asked to produce a copy of your drivers license, passport or other identifying documents in order to verify your identity. In addition, it may be necessary to verify your identity by cross-referencing your identification information with a consumer report or other electronic databases. Other information or documents may be required to open accounts for corporations and other entities. Federal law prohibits a Fund and other financial institutions from opening a new account unless they receive the minimum identifying information described above. If a person fails to provide the information requested, any application by that person to open a new account will be rejected. Moreover, if the transfer agent or the financial intermediary is unable to verify the identity of a person based on information provided by that person, it may take additional steps including, but not limited to, requesting additional information or documents from the person, closing the persons account or reporting the matter to the appropriate federal authorities. If your account is closed for this reason, your shares may be automatically redeemed at the net asset value next determined. If a Funds net asset value has decreased since your purchase, you will lose money as a result of this redemption. Each Fund has also designated an anti-money laundering compliance officer.
Account Questions. If you have any questions about your account or the services available, please call Eaton Vance Shareholder Services at 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time), or write to the transfer agent (see back cover for address).
Additional Tax Information
Dividend Builder Fund
expects to pay any required
dividends monthly, Balanced Fund and Large-Cap Value Fund
expect to
pay
any required
dividends quarterly, and Large-Cap Core Research Fund, Large-Cap Growth Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund and Special Equities Fund
expect to
pay
any required
dividends annually. Dividends may not be paid if Fund (and
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
56
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Class) expenses exceed Fund income for the period. Different Classes of a Fund will generally distribute different dividend amounts. Each Fund
intends to distribute any
net realized capital gains, if any,
annually.
Real Estate Fund intends to make at least quarterly distributions to shareholders of substantially all of the distributions it receives from its REIT investments, less expenses, as well as income from other investments. Such distributions may be comprised of income, return of capital, and capital gains. The Fund may also realize capital gains on the sale of its REIT shares and other investments. Distributions of these gains, if any, will be made
annually. In addition, the Fund may occasionally be required to make supplemental distributions at some other time during the year. The amount of distributions will vary, and there is no guarantee the Fund will pay either income dividends or capital gain distributions. Different Classes of the Fund will generally distribute different dividend amounts.
A portion of any distribution of a Funds investment income may, and any distribution by a Fund of net realized short-term capital gains will, be taxed as ordinary income. Distributions of any net
gains
from investments held for more than one year
will be taxed as long-term capital gains. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the Portfolio or Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her shares in the Fund. Distributions of investment income reported by a Fund as derived from qualified dividend income (as further described in the Statement of Additional Information) will be taxable to shareholders at the rates applicable to long-term capital gain provided holding period and other requirements are met at both the shareholder and the Portfolio or Fund level. Over time, distributions by each Fund can generally be expected to include ordinary income, qualified dividend income and capital gain distributions taxable as long-term capital gains. A portion of each Funds income distributions may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction for corporations. A Funds distributions will be taxable as described above whether they are paid in cash or reinvested in additional shares. A return of capital generally will not be taxable to shareholders but will reduce the cost basis of a shareholders shares and result in a higher reported capital gain or a lower reported capital loss when those shares are redeemed.
The unearned income of certain U.S. individuals, estates and trusts is subject to a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax. For individuals, the tax is on the lesser of the net investment income and the excess of modified adjusted gross income over $200,000 (or $250,000 if married filing jointly). Net investment income includes, among other things, interest, dividends, and gross income and capital gains derived from passive activities and trading in securities or commodities. Net investment income is reduced by deductions properly allocable to this income.
Investors who purchase shares at a time when a Funds net asset value reflects gains that are either unrealized or realized but not distributed will pay the full price for the shares and then may receive some portion of the purchase price back as a taxable distribution. Certain distributions paid in January may be taxable to shareholders as if received on December 31 of the prior year. A redemption of Fund shares, including an exchange for shares of another fund, is a taxable transaction.
Each Fund, except the Real Estate Fund, expects to send shareholders a statement each February showing the tax status of all distributions. (Real Estate Fund will mail its statements later because REITs do not provide information on the taxability of their distributions until after calendar year end.)
Each Portfolios, Real Estate Funds, Small-Cap Funds, Small-Cap Value Funds and Special Equities Funds investments in foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes or other foreign taxes with respect to income (possibly including, in some cases, capital gains), which
may
decrease the Funds
yield
on such securities.
These taxes may be reduced or eliminated under the terms of an applicable tax treaty.
Shareholders generally will not be entitled to claim a credit or deduction with respect to foreign taxes paid by a Portfolio, Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund or Special Equities Fund. In addition, investments in foreign securities or foreign currencies may increase or accelerate a Funds recognition of ordinary income and may affect the timing or amount of the Funds distributions.
Certain foreign entities may be subject to a 30% withholding tax on dividend income paid after
June 30, 2014
and on redemption proceeds paid after December 31, 2016 under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA). To avoid withholding, foreign financial institutions subject to FATCA must agree to disclose to the relevant revenue authorities certain information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. owners and other foreign entities must certify certain information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. owners to the Fund. For more detailed information regarding FATCA withholding and compliance, please refer to the Statement of Additional Information.
A Fund may be required to withhold, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, 28% of the dividends, distributions and redemption proceeds payable to shareholders who fail to provide the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification number or make required certifications, or who have been notified by the Internal Revenue Service that they are subject to backup withholding. Certain shareholders are exempt from backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amount withheld may be credited against a shareholders U.S. federal income tax liability.
Shareholders should consult with their tax advisors concerning the applicability of federal, state, local and other taxes to an investment.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
57
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights
The financial highlights are intended to help you understand a Funds financial performance for the period(s) indicated. Certain information in the tables reflects the financial results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the tables represent the rate an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in a Fund (assuming reinvestment of all distributions at net asset value). This information has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm. The reports of Deloitte & Touche LLP and each Funds financial statements are incorporated herein by reference and included in the Funds annual report, which is available upon request.
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
58
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
Balanced Fund |
||||||||
|
Year Ended December 31, |
||||||||
|
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
||||||
|
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Net asset value - Beginning of year |
$6.940 |
$6.940 |
$6.970 |
$6.470 |
$6.480 |
$6.490 |
$5.350 |
$5.360 |
$5.370 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (1) |
$0.107 |
$0.055 |
$0.055 |
$0.093 |
$0.044 |
$0.044 |
$0.089 |
$0.047 |
$0.047 |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
(0.016) |
(0.018) |
(0.018) |
0.477 |
0.466 |
0.486 |
1.124 |
1.122 |
1.122 |
Total income from operations |
$0.091 |
$0.037 |
$0.037 |
$0.570 |
$0.510 |
$0.530 |
$1.213 |
$1.169 |
$1.169 |
Less Distributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net investment income |
$(0.121) |
$(0.067) |
$(0.067) |
$(0.100) |
$(0.050) |
$(0.050) |
$(0.093) |
$(0.049) |
$(0.049) |
Total distributions |
$(0.121) |
$(0.067) |
$(0.067) |
$(0.100) |
$(0.050) |
$(0.050) |
$(0.093) |
$(0.049) |
$(0.049) |
Net asset value - End of year |
$6.910 |
$6.910 |
$6.940 |
$6.940 |
$6.940 |
$6.970 |
$6.470 |
$6.480 |
$6.490 |
Total Return (2) |
1.31% |
0.53% |
0.54% |
8.92% |
7.92% |
8.21% |
22.99% |
22.01% |
21.98% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of year (000s omitted) |
$154,498 |
$12,903 |
$28,474 |
$176,533 |
$15,982 |
$31,594 |
$194,130 |
$18,889 |
$34,963 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses (3)(4) |
1.14% |
1.89% |
1.89% |
1.19% |
1.94% |
1.94% |
1.23% |
1.98% |
1.98% |
Net investment income |
1.54% |
0.78% |
0.79% |
1.42% |
0.67% |
0.67% |
1.57% |
0.83% |
0.83% |
Portfolio Turnover of the Fund (5) |
3% |
3% |
3% |
1% |
1% |
1% |
96% |
96% |
96% |
Portfolio Turnover of Investment Grade Income Portfolio |
100% |
100% |
100% |
91% |
91% |
91% |
94% |
94% |
94% |
Portfolio Turnover of Large-Cap Value Portfolio |
|
|
|
|
|
|
56% |
56% |
56% |
Portfolio Turnover of Large-Cap Core Research Portfolio |
64% |
64% |
64% |
44% |
44% |
44% |
10% (11) |
10% (11) |
10% (11) |
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
59
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights (continued)
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
60
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
Dividend Builder Fund |
|||||||
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|||||||
|
2011 |
2010 |
||||||
|
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Net asset value - Beginning of year |
$10.050 |
$10.070 |
$10.080 |
$10.040 |
$9.590 |
$9.610 |
$9.610 |
$9.580 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (1) |
$0.373 (12) |
$0.299 (12) |
$0.300 (12) |
$0.399 (12) |
$0.322 |
$0.253 |
$0.254 |
$0.358 |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
(0.263) |
(0.255) |
(0.265) |
(0.264) |
0.498 |
0.496 |
0.506 |
0.486 |
Total income from operations |
$0.110 |
$0.044 |
$0.035 |
$0.135 |
$0.820 |
$0.749 |
$0.760 |
$0.844 |
Less Distributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net investment income |
$(0.360) |
$(0.284) |
$(0.285) |
$(0.385) |
$(0.360) |
$(0.289) |
$(0.290) |
$(0.384) |
Total distributions |
$(0.360) |
$(0.284) |
$(0.285) |
$(0.385) |
$(0.360) |
$(0.289) |
$(0.290) |
$(0.384) |
Net asset value - End of year |
$9.800 |
$9.830 |
$9.830 |
$9.790 |
$10.050 |
$10.070 |
$10.080 |
$10.040 |
Total Return (2) |
1.12% |
0.45% |
0.36% |
1.38% |
9.02% |
8.06% |
8.17% |
9.18% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of year (000s omitted) |
$805,556 |
$59,142 |
$174,161 |
$77,399 |
$981,721 |
$79,998 |
$204,098 |
$75,487 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses (3)(4) |
1.09% |
1.84% |
1.84% |
0.84% |
1.09% |
1.84% |
1.84% |
0.84% |
Net investment income |
3.75% (12) |
2.99% (12) |
3.01% (12) |
4.02% (12) |
3.45% |
2.70% |
2.70% |
3.83% |
Portfolio Turnover of the Portfolio |
87% |
87% |
87% |
87% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
61
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
Dividend Builder Fund |
|||
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|||
|
2009 |
|||
|
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Net asset value - Beginning of year |
$8.860 |
$8.890 |
$8.890 |
$8.860 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (1) |
$0.358 (13) |
$0.294 (13) |
$0.298 (13) |
$0.442 (13) |
Net realized and unrealized gain |
0.732 |
0.727 |
0.723 |
0.658 |
Total income from operations |
$1.090 |
$1.021 |
$1.021 |
$1.100 |
Less Distributions |
|
|
|
|
From net investment income |
$(0.360) |
$(0.301) |
$(0.301) |
$(0.380) |
Total distributions |
$9.590 |
$9.610 |
$9.610 |
$9.580 |
Net asset value - End of year |
12.88% |
12.05% |
12.05% |
13.15% |
Total Return (2) |
|
|
|
|
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
$1,107,722 |
$91,836 |
$218,955 |
$50,879 |
Net assets, end of year (000s omitted) |
|
|
|
|
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
Expenses (3)(4) |
1.19% |
1.94% |
1.94% |
0.94% |
Net investment income |
4.24% (13) |
3.48% (13) |
3.52% (13) |
5.08% (13) |
Portfolio Turnover of the Portfolio |
152% |
152% |
152% |
152% |
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
62
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
|||||||||
|
Year Ended December 31, |
||||||||
|
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
||||||
|
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Net asset value - Beginning of year |
$13.330 |
$13.200 |
$13.330 |
$12.980 |
$12.880 |
$12.980 |
$13.350 |
$13.270 |
$13.360 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (loss) (1) |
$0.063 |
$(0.053) |
$0.102 |
$0.100 |
$(0.007) |
$0.132 |
$0.098 |
$0.005 |
$0.130 |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
4.232 |
4.165 |
4.233 |
1.941 |
1.926 |
1.946 |
(0.373) |
(0.371) |
(0.379) |
Total income (loss) from operations |
$4.295 |
$4.112 |
$4.335 |
$2.041 |
$1.919 |
$2.078 |
$(0.275) |
$(0.366) |
$(0.249) |
Less Distributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net investment income |
$(0.065) |
$(0.010) |
$(0.105) |
$(0.102) |
$(0.010) |
$(0.139) |
$(0.095) |
$(0.024) |
$(0.131) |
From net realized gain |
(1.710) |
(1.662) |
(1.710) |
(1.589) |
(1.589) |
(1.589) |
|
|
|
Total distributions |
$(1.775) |
$(1.672) |
$(1.815) |
$(1.691) |
$(1.599) |
$(1.728) |
$(0.095) |
$(0.024) |
$(0.131) |
Net asset value - End of year |
$15.850 |
$15.640 |
$15.850 |
$13.330 |
$13.200 |
$13.330 |
$12.980 |
$12.880 |
$12.980 |
Total Return (2) |
32.83% |
31.72% |
33.14% |
15.59% |
14.78% |
15.89% |
(2.06)% |
(2.76)% |
(1.86)% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of year (000s omitted) |
$43,270 |
$8,123 |
$11,622 |
$37,308 |
$5,382 |
$8,876 |
$38,113 |
$5,276 |
$15,454 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses (14) |
1.25% |
2.00% |
1.00% |
1.25% |
2.00% |
1.00% |
1.25% |
2.00% |
1.00% |
Net investment income (loss) |
0.41% |
(0.35)% |
0.66% |
0.70% |
(0.05)% |
0.92% |
0.74% |
0.04% |
0.97% |
Portfolio Turnover of the Portfolio |
90% |
90% |
90% |
91% |
91% |
91% |
64% |
64% |
64% |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
63
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
Large-Cap Core Research Fund |
||||||||
|
Period Ended December 31, |
Period Ended October 31, |
|||||||
|
2010 |
2009 (15) |
2009 |
||||||
|
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Class A |
Class C (16) |
Class I |
Net asset value - Beginning of period |
$12.170 |
$12.130 |
$12.170 |
$11.280 |
$11.280 |
$11.290 |
$10.290 |
$11.520 |
$10.300 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (loss) (1) |
$0.071 |
$(0.017) |
$0.103 |
$0.020 |
$(0.003) |
$0.021 |
$0.102 |
$(0.011) |
$0.120 |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
1.159 |
1.158 |
1.164 |
0.946 |
0.944 |
0.959 |
0.948 |
(0.229) |
0.949 |
Total income (loss) from operations |
$1.230 |
$1.141 |
$1.267 |
$0.966 |
$0.941 |
$0.980 |
$1.050 |
$(0.240) |
$1.069 |
Less Distributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net investment income |
$(0.050) |
$(0.001) |
$(0.077) |
$(0.076) |
$(0.091) |
$(0.100) |
$(0.060) |
$ |
$(0.079) |
Total distributions |
$(0.050) |
$(0.001) |
$(0.077) |
$(0.076) |
$(0.091) |
$(0.100) |
$(0.060) |
$ |
$(0.079) |
Net asset value - End of period |
$13.350 |
$13.270 |
$13.360 |
$12.170 |
$12.130 |
$12.170 |
$11.280 |
$11.280 |
$11.290 |
Total Return (2) |
10.11% |
9.40% |
10.41% |
8.56% (7) |
8.34% (7) |
8.67% (7) |
10.32% |
(2.08)% (7) |
10.54% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$38,877 |
$1,637 |
$17,505 |
$22,141 |
$426 |
$7,317 |
$22,264 |
$55 |
$3,901 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses (14) |
1.25% |
2.00% |
1.00% |
1.25% (8) |
2.00% (8) |
1.00% (8) |
1.25% |
2.00% (8) |
1.00% |
Net investment income (loss) |
0.58% |
(0.14)% |
0.84% |
0.99% (8) |
(0.14)% (8) |
1.06% (8) |
1.00% |
(1.09)% (8) |
1.16% |
Portfolio Turnover of the Portfolio |
44% |
44% |
44% |
10% (7) |
10% (7) |
10% (7) |
|
|
|
Portfolio Turnover of the Fund (18) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
54% |
54% (17) |
54% |
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
64
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
Large-Cap Growth Fund |
|||||||
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|||||||
|
2013 |
2012 |
||||||
|
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Class R |
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Class R |
Net asset value - Beginning of year |
$17.540 |
$16.190 |
$17.750 |
$17.400 |
$15.730 |
$14.630 |
$15.910 |
$15.640 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (loss) (1) |
$0.012 |
$(0.127) |
$0.063 |
$(0.037) |
$0.002 |
$(0.118) |
$0.050 |
$(0.038) |
Net realized and unrealized gain |
6.069 |
5.558 |
6.138 |
5.998 |
1.992 |
1.862 |
2.012 |
1.982 |
Total income from operations |
$6.081 |
$5.431 |
$6.201 |
$5.961 |
$1.994 |
$1.744 |
$2.062 |
$1.944 |
Less Distributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net investment income |
$(0.001) |
$(0.001) |
$(0.001) |
$(0.001) |
$ |
$ |
$(0.038) |
$ |
From net realized gain |
(2.700) |
(2.700) |
(2.700) |
(2.700) |
(0.184) |
(0.184) |
(0.184) |
(0.184) |
Total distributions |
$(2.701) |
$(2.701) |
$(2.701) |
$(2.701) |
$(0.184) |
$(0.184) |
$(0.222) |
$(0.184) |
Net asset value - End of year |
$20.920 |
$18.920 |
$21.250 |
$20.660 |
$17.540 |
$16.190 |
$17.750 |
$17.400 |
Total Return (2) |
35.35% |
34.27% |
35.61% |
34.94% |
12.66% |
11.91% |
13.01% |
12.42% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of year (000s omitted) |
$89,426 |
$29,318 |
$28,336 |
$2,417 |
$86,843 |
$22,422 |
$29,920 |
$1,729 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses (3)(4)(19) |
1.25% |
2.00% |
1.00% |
1.50% |
1.25% |
2.00% |
1.00% |
1.50% |
Net investment income (loss) |
0.06% |
(0.68)% |
0.31% |
(0.18)% |
0.01% |
(0.74)% |
0.29% |
(0.22)% |
Portfolio Turnover of the Portfolio |
42% |
42% |
42% |
42% |
40% |
40% |
40% |
40% |
|
Large-Cap Growth Fund |
|||||||
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|||||||
|
2011 |
2010 |
||||||
|
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Class R |
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Class R |
Net asset value - Beginning of year |
$16.630 |
$15.590 |
$16.780 |
$16.580 |
$14.550 |
$13.740 |
$14.640 |
$14.530 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (loss) (1) |
$0.009 |
$(0.107) |
$0.051 |
$(0.029) |
$0.019 |
$(0.089) |
$0.053 |
$(0.011) |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
(0.909) |
(0.853) |
(0.921) |
(0.911) |
2.061 |
1.939 |
2.087 |
2.061 |
Total income (loss) from operations |
$(0.900) |
$(0.960) |
$(0.870) |
$(0.940) |
$2.080 |
$1.850 |
$2.140 |
$2.050 |
Net asset value - End of year |
$15.730 |
$14.630 |
$15.910 |
$15.640 |
$16.630 |
$15.590 |
$16.780 |
$16.580 |
Total Return (2) |
(5.41)% |
(6.16)% |
(5.24)% |
(5.67)% |
14.30% |
13.46% |
14.62% |
14.11% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of year (000s omitted) |
$99,259 |
$23,524 |
$30,675 |
$1,378 |
$113,771 |
$27,905 |
$27,560 |
$575 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses (3)(4)(19) |
1.25% |
2.00% |
1.00% |
1.50% |
1.25% |
2.00% |
1.00% |
1.50% |
Net investment income (loss) |
0.05% |
(0.70)% |
0.31% |
(0.18)% |
0.13% |
(0.64)% |
0.35% |
(0.08)% |
Portfolio Turnover of the Portfolio |
69% |
69% |
69% |
69% |
59% |
59% |
59% |
59% |
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
65
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
Large-Cap Growth Fund |
|||
|
Period Ended December 31, |
|||
|
2009 |
|||
|
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Class R (20) |
Net asset value - Beginning of period |
$10.680 |
$10.160 |
$10.720 |
$12.660 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (loss) (1) |
$0.014 |
$(0.072) |
$0.056 |
$(0.008) |
Net realized and unrealized gain |
3.856 |
3.652 |
3.864 |
1.878 |
Total income from operations |
$3.870 |
$3.580 |
$3.920 |
$1.870 |
Net asset value - End of period |
$14.550 |
$13.740 |
$14.640 |
$14.530 |
Total Return (2) |
36.11% |
35.10% |
36.57% |
14.77% (7) |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$85,281 |
$25,645 |
$22,984 |
$1 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
Expenses (3)(4)(19) |
1.25% |
2.00% |
1.00% |
1.50% (8) |
Net investment income (loss) |
0.12% |
(0.62)% |
0.43% |
(0.15)% (8) |
Portfolio Turnover of the Portfolio |
60% |
60% |
60% |
60% (21) |
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
66
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights (continued)
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
67
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
Large-Cap Value Fund |
|||||||
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|||||||
|
2011 |
2010 |
||||||
|
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Class R |
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Class R |
Net asset value - Beginning of year |
$18.220 |
$18.220 |
$18.270 |
$18.190 |
$16.740 |
$16.740 |
$16.780 |
$16.720 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (1) |
$0.259 |
$0.125 |
$0.305 |
$0.216 |
$0.187 |
$0.061 |
$0.232 |
$0.147 |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
(1.076) |
(1.079) |
(1.086) |
(1.078) |
1.478 |
1.477 |
1.486 |
1.467 |
Total income (loss) from operations |
$(0.817) |
$(0.954) |
$(0.781) |
$(0.862) |
$1.665 |
$1.538 |
$1.718 |
$1.614 |
Less Distributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net investment income |
$(0.273) |
$(0.136) |
$(0.319) |
$(0.228) |
$(0.185) |
$(0.058) |
$(0.228) |
$(0.144) |
Total distributions |
$(0.273) |
$(0.136) |
$(0.319) |
$(0.228) |
$(0.185) |
$(0.058) |
$(0.228) |
$(0.144) |
Net asset value - End of year |
$17.130 |
$17.130 |
$17.170 |
$17.100 |
$18.220 |
$18.220 |
$18.270 |
$18.190 |
Total Return (2) |
(4.48)% |
(5.23)% |
(4.27)% |
(4.73)% |
10.05% |
9.22% |
10.36% |
9.73% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of year (000s omitted) |
$6,521,082 |
$497,372 |
$4,757,063 |
$278,225 |
$9,185,081 |
$735,496 |
$6,947,018 |
$359,681 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses (3)(4) |
0.98% |
1.73% |
0.73% |
1.23% |
0.98% |
1.73% |
0.73% |
1.23% |
Net investment income |
1.45% |
0.70% |
1.70% |
1.21% |
1.11% |
0.36% |
1.37% |
0.87% |
Portfolio Turnover of the Portfolio |
41% |
41% |
41% |
41% |
31% |
31% |
31% |
31% |
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
68
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
Large-Cap Value Fund |
|||
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|||
|
2009 |
|||
|
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Class R |
Net asset value - Beginning of year |
$14.540 |
$14.540 |
$14.580 |
$14.530 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (1) |
$0.216 |
$0.111 |
$0.251 |
$0.180 |
Net realized and unrealized gain |
2.207 |
2.203 |
2.208 |
2.198 |
Total income from operations |
$2.423 |
$2.314 |
$2.459 |
$2.378 |
Less Distributions |
|
|
|
|
From net investment income |
$(0.223) |
$(0.114) |
$(0.259) |
$(0.188) |
Total distributions |
$(0.223) |
$(0.114) |
$(0.259) |
$(0.188) |
Net asset value - End of year |
$16.740 |
$16.740 |
$16.780 |
$16.720 |
Total Return (2) |
17.01% |
16.13% |
17.26% |
16.67% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of year (000s omitted) |
$9,470,973 |
$749,389 |
$5,482,122 |
$315,491 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
Expenses (3)(4) |
1.03% |
1.78% |
0.78% |
1.28% |
Net investment income |
1.49% |
0.77% |
1.70% |
1.24% |
Portfolio Turnover of the Portfolio |
56% |
56% |
56% |
56% |
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
69
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
|||||||||
|
Period Ended December 31, |
||||||||
|
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
||||
|
Class A |
Class I |
Class A |
Class I |
Class A |
Class I |
Class A (22) |
Class I |
Class I |
Net asset value - Beginning of period |
$11.300 |
$11.300 |
$9.960 |
$9.960 |
$9.280 |
$9.270 |
$7.860 |
$7.360 |
$5.890 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (1) |
$0.123 |
$0.151 |
$0.121 |
$0.149 |
$0.095 |
$0.102 |
$0.069 |
$0.094 |
$0.147 |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
(0.072) |
(0.060) |
1.423 |
1.421 |
0.750 |
0.774 |
1.494 |
1.967 |
1.516 |
Total income from operations |
$0.051 |
$0.091 |
$1.544 |
$1.570 |
$0.845 |
$0.876 |
$1.563 |
$2.061 |
$1.633 |
Less Distributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net investment income |
$(0.117) |
$(0.147) |
$(0.131) |
$(0.157) |
$(0.091) |
$(0.102) |
$(0.073) |
$(0.077) |
$(0.131) |
From net realized gain |
(0.144) |
(0.144) |
(0.073) |
(0.073) |
|
|
|
|
|
Tax return of capital |
|
|
|
|
(0.074) |
(0.084) |
(0.070) |
(0.074) |
(0.062) |
Total distributions |
$(0.261) |
$(0.291) |
$(0.204) |
$(0.230) |
$(0.165) |
$(0.186) |
$(0.143) |
$(0.151) |
$(0.193) |
Net asset value - End of period |
$11.090 |
$11.100 |
$11.300 |
$11.300 |
$9.960 |
$9.960 |
$9.280 |
$9.270 |
$7.360 |
Total Return (2) |
0.41% |
0.76% |
15.54% |
15.81% |
9.15% |
9.50% |
20.00% (7) |
28.13% |
28.17% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$7,438 |
$18,955 |
$8.692 |
$22,728 |
$4,550 |
$5,498 |
$608 |
$3,604 |
$587 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses (23) |
1.25% |
1.00% |
1.29% |
1.04% |
1.40% |
1.15% |
1.40% (8) |
1.15% |
1.15% |
Net investment income |
1.05% |
1.29% |
1.10% |
1.35% |
0.98% |
1.05% |
1.36% (8) |
1.10% |
2.54% |
Portfolio Turnover |
22% |
22% |
33% |
33% |
22% |
22% |
34% (24) |
34% |
24% |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
70
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
Small-Cap Fund |
|||||||||
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|||||||||
|
2013 |
2012 |
||||||||
|
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Class R |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Class R |
Net asset value - Beginning of year |
$14.170 |
$13.900 |
$13.450 |
$14.720 |
$14.040 |
$13.550 |
$13.300 |
$12.900 |
$14.050 |
$13.460 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (loss) (1) |
$(0.084) |
$(0.201) |
$(0.195) |
$(0.036) |
$(0.110) |
$(0.008) |
$(0.111) |
$(0.107) |
$0.030 |
$(0.027) |
Net realized and unrealized gain |
5.031 |
4.908 |
4.752 |
5.233 |
4.967 |
1.611 |
1.574 |
1.530 |
1.665 |
1.584 |
Total income from operations |
$4.947 |
$4.707 |
$4.557 |
$5.197 |
$4.857 |
$1.603 |
$1.463 |
$1.423 |
$1.695 |
$1.557 |
Less Distributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net investment income |
$(0.008) |
$(0.008) |
$(0.008) |
$(0.008) |
$(0.008) |
$(0.124) |
$(0.004) |
$(0.014) |
$(0.166) |
$(0.118) |
From net realized gain |
(1.069) |
(1.069) |
(1.069) |
(1.069) |
(1.069) |
(0.859) |
(0.859) |
(0.859) |
(0.859) |
(0.859) |
Total distributions |
$(1.077) |
$(1.077) |
$(1.077) |
$(1.077) |
$(1.077) |
$(0.983) |
$(0.863) |
$(0.873) |
$(1.025) |
$(0.977) |
Net asset value - End of year |
$18.040 |
$17.530 |
$16.930 |
$18.840 |
$17.820 |
$14.170 |
$13.900 |
$13.450 |
$14.720 |
$14.040 |
Total Return (2) |
35.25% |
34.20% |
34.24% |
35.63% |
34.93% |
11.85% |
11.00% |
11.03% |
12.08% |
11.58% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of year (000s omitted) |
$37,128 |
$3,832 |
$13,806 |
$171,120 |
$205 |
$32,126 |
$3,421 |
$11,099 |
$131,456 |
$65 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses (3)(4) |
1.36% |
2.11% |
2.11% |
1.12% |
1.61% |
1.40% |
2.16% |
2.16% |
1.15% |
1.65% |
Net investment income (loss) |
(0.51)% |
(1.25)% |
(1.25)% |
(0.21)% |
(0.66)% |
(0.06)% |
(0.81)% |
(0.80)% |
0.21% |
(0.19)% |
Portfolio Turnover of the Portfolio (25) |
|
|
|
|
|
31% (7) |
31% (7) |
31% (7) |
31% (7) |
31% (7) |
Portfolio Turnover of the Fund |
44% |
44% |
44% |
44% |
44% |
31% (7)(26) |
31% (7)(26) |
31% (7)(26) |
31% (7)(26) |
31% (7)(26) |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
71
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
Small-Cap Fund |
|||||||||
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|||||||||
|
2011 |
2010 |
||||||||
|
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Class R |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Class R |
Net asset value - Beginning of year |
$14.390 |
$14.230 |
$13.800 |
$14.880 |
$14.330 |
$11.520 |
$11.480 |
$11.140 |
$11.890 |
$11.510 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment loss (1) |
$(0.124) |
$(0.226) |
$(0.221) |
$(0.088) |
$(0.159) |
$(0.130) |
$(0.221) |
$(0.213) |
$(0.101) |
$(0.157) |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
(0.716) |
(0.704) |
(0.679) |
(0.742) |
(0.711) |
3.000 |
2.971 |
2.873 |
3.091 |
2.977 |
Total income (loss) from operations |
$(0.840) |
$(0.930) |
$(0.900) |
$(0.830) |
$(0.870) |
$2.870 |
$2.750 |
$2.660 |
$2.990 |
$2.820 |
Net asset value - End of year |
$13.550 |
$13.300 |
$12.900 |
$14.050 |
$13.460 |
$14.390 |
$14.230 |
$13.800 |
$14.880 |
$14.330 |
Total Return (2) |
(5.84)% |
(6.54)% |
(6.52)% |
(5.58)% |
(6.07)% |
24.91% |
23.95% |
23.88% |
25.15% |
24.50% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of year (000s omitted) |
$44,565 |
$4,724 |
$13,663 |
$100,509 |
$37 |
$64,271 |
$5,104 |
$17,986 |
$94,817 |
$50 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses (3)(4) |
1.48% |
2.23% |
2.23% |
1.23% |
1.73% |
1.50% (27) |
2.25% (27) |
2.25% (27) |
1.25% (28) |
1.75% (29) |
Net investment loss |
(0.87)% |
(1.61)% |
(1.62)% |
(0.60)% |
(1.12)% |
(1.07)% |
(1.82)% |
(1.81)% |
(0.80)% |
(1.28)% |
Portfolio Turnover of the Portfolio (25) |
85% |
85% |
85% |
85% |
85% |
96% |
96% |
96% |
96% |
96% |
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
72
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
Small-Cap Fund |
||||
|
Period Ended December 31, |
||||
|
2009 |
||||
|
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Class R (20) |
Net asset value - Beginning of period |
$8.260 |
$8.290 |
$8.040 |
$8.500 |
$9.820 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment loss (1) |
$(0.085) |
$(0.156) |
$(0.153) |
$(0.077) |
$(0.061) |
Net realized and unrealized gain |
3.345 |
3.346 |
3.253 |
3.467 |
1.751 |
Total income from operations |
$3.260 |
$3.190 |
$3.100 |
$3.390 |
$1.690 |
Net asset value - End of period |
$11.520 |
$11.480 |
$11.140 |
$11.890 |
$11.510 |
Total Return (2) |
39.47% |
38.48% |
38.39% |
39.88% |
17.21% (7) |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$54,950 |
$3,674 |
$15,030 |
$39,921 |
$28 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses (3)(4) |
1.50% (27) |
2.25% (27) |
2.25% (27) |
1.25% (28) |
1.75% (8)(29) |
Net investment loss |
(0.91)% |
(1.66)% |
(1.67)% |
(0.73)% |
(1.36)% (8) |
Portfolio Turnover of the Portfolio (25) |
91% |
91% |
91% |
91% |
91% (21) |
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
73
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights (continued)
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
74
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
Small-Cap Value Fund |
|||||||
|
Period Ended December 31, |
|||||||
|
2011 |
2010 |
||||||
|
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Net asset value - Beginning of year |
$14.510 |
$14.050 |
$14.000 |
$14.550 |
$12.320 |
$12.020 |
$11.980 |
$12.330 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (loss) (1) |
$(0.012) |
$(0.117) |
$(0.115) |
$0.035 |
$0.003 (31) |
$(0.094) (31) |
$(0.093) (31) |
$0.044 (31) |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
(0.233) |
(0.228) |
(0.220) |
(0.250) |
2.187 |
2.124 |
2.113 |
2.176 |
Total income (loss) from operations |
$(0.245) |
$(0.345) |
$(0.335) |
$(0.215) |
$2.190 |
$2.030 |
$2.020 |
$2.220 |
Less Distributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net realized gain |
$(0.145) |
$(0.145) |
$(0.145) |
$(0.145) |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
Total distributions |
$(0.145) |
$(0.145) |
$(0.145) |
$(0.145) |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
Net asset value - End of year |
$14.120 |
$13.560 |
$13.520 |
$14.190 |
$14.510 |
$14.050 |
$14.000 |
$14.550 |
Total Return (2)(30) |
(1.68)% |
(2.45)% |
(2.39)% |
(1.47)% |
17.78% |
16.89% |
16.86% |
18.00% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of year (000s omitted) |
$22,099 |
$2,371 |
$8,702 |
$1,322 |
$25,220 |
$2,666 |
$9,225 |
$468 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses (4)(30) |
1.56% |
2.31% |
2.31% |
1.28% |
1.65% |
2.40% |
2.40% |
1.40% |
Net investment income (loss) |
(0.09)% |
(0.84)% |
(0.83)% |
0.24% |
0.03% (31) |
(0.74)% (31) |
(0.74)% (31) |
0.34% (31) |
Portfolio Turnover |
30% |
30% |
30% |
30% |
42% |
42% |
42% |
42% |
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
75
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
Small-Cap Value Fund |
|||
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|||
|
2009 |
|||
|
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I (32) |
Net asset value - Beginning of period |
$9.910 |
$9.740 |
$9.720 |
$11.600 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (loss) (1) |
$0.027 |
$(0.046) |
$(0.049) |
$0.008 |
Net realized and unrealized gain |
2.383 |
2.326 |
2.309 |
0.722 |
Total income from operations |
$2.410 |
$2.280 |
$2.260 |
$0.730 |
Net asset value - End of period |
$12.320 |
$12.020 |
$11.980 |
$12.330 |
Total Return (2)(30) |
24.32% |
23.41% |
23.38% |
6.29% (7) |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$18,471 |
$2,277 |
$8,056 |
$103 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
Expenses (4)(30) |
1.65% |
2.40% |
2.40% |
1.40% (8) |
Net investment income (loss) |
0.26% |
(0.46)% |
(0.49)% |
0.28% (8) |
Portfolio Turnover |
48% |
48% |
48% |
48% (21) |
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
76
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
Special Equities Fund |
||||||
|
Period Ended December 31, |
||||||
|
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
||||
|
Class A |
Class C |
Class I (34) |
Class A |
Class C |
Class A |
Class C |
Net asset value - Beginning of period |
$15.940 |
$15.320 |
$16.300 |
$12.860 |
$12.450 |
$9.520 |
$9.290 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment loss (1) |
$(0.106) (33) |
$(0.219) (33) |
$(0.021) |
$(0.013) (35) |
$(0.111) (35) |
$(0.091) |
$(0.165) |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
(0.584) |
(0.551) |
(1.009) |
3.093 |
2.981 |
3.431 |
3.325 |
Total income (loss) from operations |
$(0.690) |
$(0.770) |
$(1.030) |
$3.080 |
$2.870 |
$3.340 |
$3.160 |
Net asset value - End of period |
$15.250 |
$14.550 |
$15.270 |
$15.940 |
$15.320 |
$12.860 |
$12.450 |
Total Return (2) |
(4.33)% |
(5.03)% |
(6.32)% (7) |
23.95% |
23.05% |
35.08% |
34.02% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$40,087 |
$4,146 |
$9,042 |
$66,278 |
$7,300 |
$58,962 |
$6,930 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses (3)(4) |
1.40% |
2.15% |
1.15% (8) |
1.39% |
2.14% |
1.57% |
2.32% |
Net investment loss |
(0.65)% (33) |
(1.41)% (33) |
(0.32)% (8) |
(0.09)% (35) |
(0.84)% (35) |
(0.87)% |
(1.62)% |
Portfolio Turnover of the Portfolio (25) |
84% |
84% |
84% (36) |
78% |
78% |
77% |
77% |
(See footnotes on next page.)
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
77
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
(1)
Computed using average shares outstanding.
(2)
Returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value with all distributions reinvested and do not reflect the effect of sales charges, if applicable.
(3)
Includes the Funds share of the Portfolios/Portfolios allocated expenses (for the period while the Fund was investing in the Portfolio , if applicable ).
(4)
Excludes the effect of custody fee credits, if any, of less than 0.005%.
(5)
Percentage is based on the Funds contributions to and withdrawals from the Portfolios and excludes the investment activity of the Portfolios.
(6)
For the period from commencement of operations on September 28, 2012 to December 31, 2012.
(7)
Not annualized.
(8)
Annualized.
(9)
For the Funds year ended December 31, 2012.
(10)
For the Portfolios year ended December 31, 2012.
(11)
For the period from the start of business, November 1, 2009, to December 31, 2009.
(12)
Net investment income per share reflects special dividends allocated from the Portfolio which amounted to $0.092 per share. Excluding
special dividends, the ratio of net investment income to average daily net assets would have been 2.83%, 2.07%, 2.08% and 3.09% for Class A, Class B, Class C and Class I, respectively.
(13)
Net investment income per share reflects special dividends allocated from the Portfolio which amounted to $0.092, $0.092, $0.095 and $0.154 per share for Class A, Class B, Class C and Class I, respectively. Excluding special dividends, the ratio of net investment income to average daily net assets would have been 3.15%, 2.39%, 2.40% and 3.30% for Class A, Class B, Class C and Class I, respectively.
(14)
The administrator of the Fund waived its fees and subsidized certain operating expenses
(
equal to 0.
19
%, 0.21%, 0.
21%, 0.
24% and 0.84% of average daily net assets for the years ended December 31,
2013,
2012, 2011 and 2010 and the two months ended December 31, 2009, respectively
).
The investment adviser waived its investment adviser fee, the administrator waived its administration fee and the investment adviser subsidized certain operating expenses (equal to 0.93%
of average daily net assets for the
year
ended October 31, 2009
). Absent the waivers and subsidy, total return would be lower.
(15)
For the two months ended December 31, 2009. The Fund changed its fiscal year end from October 31 to December 31.
(16)
For the period from commencement of operations on October 1, 2009 to October 31, 2009.
(17)
For the Funds year ended October 31, 2009.
(18 )
Represents the rate of portfolio activity for the period during which the Fund was making investments directly in securities.
(19)
The administrator of the Fund subsidized certain operating expenses (equal to 0.
10
%, 0.13%, 0.13%, 0.
13
% and 0.
24
% of average daily net assets for the years ended December 31,
2013,
2012, 2011, 2010
and
2009
, respectively).
(20)
For the period from commencement of operations on August 3, 2009 to December 31, 2009.
(21)
For the Portfolios year ended December 31, 2009.
(22)
For the period from the commencement of operations, June 9, 2010
to December 31, 2010.
(23)
The administrator of the Fund subsidized certain operating expenses (equal to 0.
27%, 0.
24%, 1.28% and 4.54% of average daily net assets for the years ended December 31,
2013,
2012, 2011 and the period ended December 31, 2010, respectively, for Class A and equal to 0.
27%, 0.
24%, 1.28%, 4.54
% and
19.96%
of average daily net assets for the years ended December 31,
2013,
2012, 2011, 2010
and
2009
, respectively, for Class I). Absent this subsidy, total return would be lower.
(24)
For the year ended December 31, 2010.
(25)
Portfolio turnover represents the rate of portfolio activity for the period while the Fund was investing in the Portfolio.
(26 )
For the period from May 1, 2012 through December 31, 2012 when the Fund was making investments directly in securities.
(
27
)
The investment adviser of the Portfolio voluntarily waived a portion of its investment adviser fee and/or the administrator subsidized certain operating expenses (equal to 0.05
% and 0.30% of average daily net assets for the years ended December 31, 2010
and
2009
, respectively). Absent this waiver and/or subsidy, total return would be lower.
(
28
)
The administrator of the Fund subsidized certain operating expenses (equal to 0.05
% and 0.
30
% of average daily net assets for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009
, respectively). Absent this subsidy, total return would be lower.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
78
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
(
29
)
The administrator of the Fund subsidized certain operating expenses (equal to 0.05% and 0.30% of average daily net assets for the year ended December 31, 2010 and the period ended December 31, 2009, respectively). Absent this subsidy, total return would be lower.
(30
)
The investment adviser and/or administrator subsidized certain operating expenses (equal to 0.
55%, 0.
63%, 0.49%, 0.39
% and 0.
74
% of average daily net assets for the years ended December 31,
2013,
2012, 2011, 2010,
and
2009
, respectively). Prior to March 19, 2012, a portion of the subsidy was borne by the sub-adviser. Absent this subsidy, total return would be lower.
(
31
)
Net investment income per share reflects special dividends which amounted to $0.026, $0.023, $0.023 and $0.033 per share for Class A, Class B, Class C and Class I, respectively. Excluding special dividends, the ratio of net investment loss (income) to average daily net assets would have been (0.17)%, (0.93)%, (0.93)% and 0.09% for Class A, Class B, Class C and Class I, respectively.
(
32
)
For the period from the start of business, October 1, 2009, to December 31, 2009.
(33
)
Net investment loss per share reflects a special dividend allocated from the Portfolio which amounted to $0.023, $0.021 and $0.021 per share
for Class A, Class B and Class C shares
, respectively. Excluding the special dividend, the ratio of net investment loss to average daily net assets would have been (0.80)%, (1.53)% and (1.55
)% for Class A, Class B and Class C shares,
respectively.
(
34
)
For the period from commencement of operations on July 29, 2011 to December 31, 2011.
(
35
)
Net investment loss per share reflects a special dividend allocated from the Portfolio which amounted to $0.021, $0.020 and $0.020 per share
for Class A, Class B and Class C shares
, respectively. Excluding the special dividend, the ratio of net investment loss to average daily net assets would have been (0.24)%, (1.05)% and (0.99
)% for Class A, Class B and Class C shares,
respectively.
(
36
)
For the Portfolios year ended December 31, 2011.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
79
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Further Information about the Portfolios
Balanced Fund normally invests in the following Portfolios. As such, shareholders will be subject to the investment strategies of the Portfolios. The investment objective(s) and principal strategies of each Portfolio are described below. The Portfolios may employ other types of strategies and invest in other types of securities that are not described below.
Investment Grade Income Portfolio.
The Portfolios investment
objectives are
to seek current income and total return. The Portfolio seeks
to achieve
its investment objectives by investing primarily in fixed-income securities, which may include preferred stocks, corporate bonds, U.S. Government securities, money market instruments, mortgage-backed securities (including collateralized mortgage obligations and so-called seasoned mortgage-backed securities), commercial mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities (including collateralized debt obligations and collateralized loan obligations
) and
convertible debt securities
. The Portfolio may invest significantly in securities issued by various U.S. Government sponsored entities, such as the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, the Federal National Mortgage Association and Federal Home Loan Banks. Under normal market conditions, the Portfolio invests at least 80% of its net assets in investment grade securities which are rated at least BBB by S&P or Baa by Moodys or Fitch or in unrated securities determined by the investment adviser to be of comparable quality (the 80% Policy).
The Portfolio limits investment in securities rated below investment grade (i.e., rated below BBB by S&P or Baa by Moodys or Fitch) and credit derivatives where the credit rating of the reference instrument is below investment grade to not more than 15% of its total assets, and may invest in securities in any rating category, including those in default.
For purposes of rating restrictions, if securities are rated differently by the rating agencies, the higher rating is used.
The Portfolio may invest up to 10% of its net assets in inflation-linked debt securities. The Portfolio may also invest up to 10% of its net assets in municipal securities directly or through investments in other investment companies. The securities held by the Portfolio are expected to have an average effective maturity between five and ten years. The Portfolio may invest up to 25% of its total assets in foreign securities, some of which may be located in emerging market countries. As an alternative to holding foreign securities directly, the Portfolio may invest in dollar-denominated securities of foreign companies that trade on U.S. exchanges in the over-the-counter market (including depositary receipts which evidence ownership in underlying foreign securities). The Portfolio may invest a portion of its assets in Eurodollar and Yankee Dollar Instruments. The Portfolio may
lend its securities. The Portfolio may
, at times,
engage in derivative transactions
(such as options, swaptions, interest rate swaps, forward rate contracts, futures contracts, and options thereon, forward foreign currency exchange contracts and credit derivatives) to seek
to hedge against fluctuations in securities prices, interest rates or currency exchange rates,
to seek to enhance returns
or as a substitute for
purchasing
or
selling
securities or currencies. Permitted credit derivatives include credit default swaps, total return swaps
and credit options.
Under its investment advisory agreement with Investment Grade Income Portfolio, BMR receives a monthly advisory fee as follows:
Average Daily Net Assets for the Month |
Annual Fee Rate
|
Up to $1 billion |
0.450% |
$1 billion up to $2 billion |
0.425% |
$2 billion up to $5 billion |
0.415% |
Over $5 billion |
0.405% |
*
Pursuant to a fee reduction agreement
effective October 15, 2007
.
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the effective annual rate of advisory fee paid to BMR, based on average daily net assets of Investment Grade Income Portfolio was 0.45%.
Thomas H. Luster and Bernard Scozzafava have served as the portfolio managers of Investment Grade Income Portfolio since February 1, 2010. Mr. Luster has been a fixed-income analyst and a portfolio manager at Eaton Vance for more than five years, and is a Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR. Mr. Scozzafava has been a fixed-income analyst at Eaton Vance for more than five years
and
is a Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR.
Large-Cap Core Research Portfolio.
The Portfolios investment objective is to achieve long-term capital appreciation by investing in a diversified portfolio of equity securities. Under normal market conditions, the Portfolio invests at least 80% of its net assets in stocks of large-cap companies. Large-cap companies are companies having market capitalizations
above
the
20
th
percentile
of
all
companies included in the S&P 500 Index. The Portfolio generally intends to maintain investments in all or substantially all of the market sectors represented in the S&P 500 Index. Particular stocks owned will not mirror the S&P 500 Index. The Portfolio may invest up to 25% of its assets in foreign securities located in developed or emerging market countries. As an alternative to holding foreign stocks directly, the Portfolio may invest in dollar-denominated securities of foreign companies that trade on U.S. exchanges or in the over-the-counter market (including depositary receipts which evidence ownership in
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
80
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
underlying foreign stocks). The Portfolio may also invest in other pooled investment vehicles and may lend its securities. The Portfolio may engage in derivative transactions to seek return, to hedge against fluctuations in securities prices, interest rates or currency exchange rates, or as a substitute for the purchase or sale of securities or currencies.
The Portfolio expects to use derivatives principally when seeking to gain exposure to equity securities by writing put options or to generate income by writing covered call options or put options. The Portfolio may also enter into a combination of option transactions on individual securities.
Permitted derivatives include: the purchase or sale of forward or futures contracts; options on futures contracts; exchange-traded and over-the-counter options; equity collars and equity swap agreements.
More information about the investment advisory fees and the portfolio manager is available under Management and Organization in this Prospectus.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
81
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
More Information
About the Funds: More information is available in the Statement of Additional Information. The Statement of Additional Information is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus. Additional information about each Funds and Portfolios investments is available in the annual and semiannual reports to shareholders. In the annual report, you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected each Funds performance during the past fiscal year. You may obtain free copies of the Statement of Additional Information and the shareholder reports on Eaton Vances website at www.eatonvance.com or by contacting the principal underwriter:
Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc.
Two International Place
Boston, MA 02110
1-800-262-1122
website: www.eatonvance.com
You will find and may copy information about each Fund (including the Statement of Additional Information and shareholder reports): at the SECs public reference room in Washington, DC (call 1-800-732-0330 for information on the operation of the public reference room); on the EDGAR Database on the SECs website (www.sec.gov); or, upon payment of copying fees, by writing to the SECs Public Reference Section, 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549-0102, or by electronic mail at publicinfo@sec.gov.
Shareholder Inquiries: You can obtain more information from Eaton Vance Shareholder Services or the Fund transfer agent, BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. If you own shares and would like to add to, redeem or change your account, please write or call below:
Regular Mailing Address:
|
|
Overnight Mailing Address:
|
|
Phone Number:
|
The Investment Company Act No. of each Fund except Eaton Vance Large-Cap Core Research Fund is 811-01545 and the Investment Company Act No. of Eaton Vance Large-Cap Core Research Fund is 811-04015. |
|
480 5.1.14 |
© 2014 Eaton Vance Management |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
82
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Parametric Absolute Return Fund
Investor Class Shares - EOAAX
Institutional Class Shares - EOAIX
A diversified fund seeking total return
Parametric Commodity Strategy Fund
Investor Class Shares - EAPCX
Institutional Class Shares - EIPCX
A non-diversified fund seeking total return
Prospectus Dated
May 1,
2014
The Securities and Exchange Commission
and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission have
not approved or disapproved these securities or determined whether this Prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
This Prospectus contains important information about the Funds and the services
available to shareholders. Please save it for reference.
Table of Contents
Fund Summaries |
3 |
Parametric Absolute Return Fund |
3 |
Parametric Commodity Strategy Fund |
8 |
Important Information Regarding Fund Shares |
12 |
Investment Objectives & Principal Policies and Risks |
13 |
Management and Organization |
20 |
Valuing Shares |
21 |
Purchasing Shares |
22 |
Sales Charges |
25 |
Redeeming Shares |
25 |
Shareholder Account Features |
26 |
Additional Tax Information |
28 |
Financial Highlights |
30 |
Parametric Absolute Return Fund |
30 |
Parametric Commodity Strategy Fund |
32 |
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
2
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Parametric Absolute Return Fund
Investment Objective
The Funds investment objective is total return.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) |
Investor Class |
Institutional Class |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of offering price) |
None |
None |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at time of purchase or redemption) |
None |
None |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
Investor Class |
Institutional Class |
Management Fees |
1.10% |
1.10% |
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.25% |
n/a |
Other Expenses |
0.39 % |
0.39 % |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
1.74% |
1.49% |
Expense Reimbursement (1) |
(0.29) % |
(0.29) % |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Expense Reimbursement |
1.45% |
1.20% |
(1)
The investment adviser and administrator and sub-adviser have agreed to reimburse the Funds expenses to the extent that Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses exceed 1.45% for Investor Class shares and 1.20% for Institutional Class shares. This expense reimbursement will continue through April 30,
2015
. Any amendment to or a termination of this reimbursement would require written approval of the Board of Trustees. The expense reimbursement relates to ordinary operating expenses only and does not include expenses such as: brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses
of unaffiliated funds
, interest expense, taxes or litigation expenses. Amounts reimbursed may be recouped by the investment adviser and administrator and sub-adviser during the Funds current fiscal year to the extent actual expenses are less than the contractual expense cap during such year.
Example. This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
|
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
Investor Class shares |
$ 148 |
$ 520 |
$ 917 |
$ 2,028 |
Institutional Class shares |
$ 122 |
$ 443 |
$ 786 |
$ 1,755 |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over the portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was
85
% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund pursues its investment objective principally by writing a series of call and put option spread combinations on the S&P 500 Composite Stock Price Index (S&P 500 Index), a broad-based U.S. stock market index, and/or another proxy for the S&P 500 Index (such as the SPDR Trust Series I units (SPDRs)). The Funds option strategy employs a systematic, rules-based program that seeks to take advantage of the general imbalance of natural buyers of stock index options over natural sellers, which is reflected in the customary excess of option price-implied volatilities over observed market volatilities. The Fund seeks to mitigate risk by selling option spreads, rather than stand-alone options, by staggering roll dates across the option position portfolio, and by utilizing exchange-traded options guaranteed for settlement by the Options Clearing Corporation, a market clearinghouse.
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
3
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
The Fund will generally write call spreads and put spreads that are out of the money. That is, the exercise price of the call options sold generally will be above the current level of the index when written and the exercise price of the call options bought will be above the exercise price of the call options sold. The exercise price of put options sold generally will be below the current level of the index when written and the exercise price of the put options bought will be below the exercise price of put options sold.
The option program is intended to be substantially non-directional and to provide returns that are substantially uncorrelated to the returns of the S&P 500 Index. In implementing its strategy, the Fund generally intends to enter into written call and put option spread positions that primarily have a maturity of approximately four weeks, and to stagger the timing of its spread originations and expirations through each four-week period. For each option spread combination, the Fund intends to sell call spreads and put spreads on the S&P 500 Index with substantially equivalent notional values and identical expiration dates. The Fund will determine the number and composition of the call and put option spreads in each combination based largely on the market exposures and maximum net loss potential of such positions. Under normal circumstances, the Fund intends to limit its maximum option loss potential realizable for each call and put spread combination over its roll cycle to not more than 10% of the associated net asset value of the Fund, based on observable market inputs at the time the option spread combination is entered into and determined without consideration of net premiums received.
The Funds option strategy will be implemented as an overlay to a portfolio of short-term, high-grade income securities. A significant portion of this portfolio will be subject to the option strategy overlay. Short-term instruments are generally those with effective maturities of three years or less. High-grade instruments are rated A or higher by a rating agency or deemed to be of comparable quality by the investment adviser. The Fund expects to maintain a dollar-weighted average effective maturity of one year or less.
The Funds income securities investments are expected to consist primarily of U.S. dollar-denominated instruments of domestic and foreign issuers, including U.S. Government securities, commercial paper and other short-term, high-grade obligations issued by banks and corporations. Investments also may include other short-term, high-grade obligations including certificates of deposit, bankers acceptances and other short-term securities issued by domestic or foreign banks or their subsidiaries or branches, as well as high-grade mortgage-backed securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed securities. The Fund may invest in repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements and in variable or floating-rate securities, some of which provide for periodic recovery of principal on demand investments, and may purchase securities on a when-issued basis and for future delivery by means of forward commitments.
The Fund employs an absolute return investment approach. Absolute return strategies benchmark their performance primarily against short-term cash instruments, adjusting to compensate for the amount of investment risk assumed. Relative return strategies, by contrast, seek to outperform a designated stock, bond or other market index, and measure their performance primarily in relation to such benchmark. Over the long term, the investment performance of absolute return strategies would typically be expected to be substantially independent of movements in the stock and bond market.
Principal Risks
Option Strategy Risk. The Funds option strategy seeks to take advantage of, and its effectiveness is dependent on, a general excess of option price-implied volatilities for the S&P 500 over realized index volatilities. This market observation is often attributed to an excess of natural buyers over natural sellers of S&P 500 index options. There can be no assurance that this imbalance will apply in the future over specific periods or generally. It is possible that the imbalance could decrease or be eliminated by actions of investors, including the Fund, that employ strategies seeking to take advantage of the imbalance, which could have an adverse effect on the Funds ability to achieve its investment objective.
The success of put and call spread transactions on the S&P 500 Index and/or a proxy for the S&P 500 Index will be determined by the performance of the S&P 500 Index. If the S&P 500 Index appreciates or depreciates sufficiently over the period to offset the premium received, a loss will result. The risk of selling put options in a spread transaction is mitigated by the purchase of offsetting options at a lower exercise price, thereby capping the maximum loss potential.
Derivatives Risk. The use of derivatives can lead to losses because of adverse movements in the price or value of the asset, index, rate or instrument underlying a derivative, due to failure of a counterparty or due to tax or regulatory constraints. Derivatives may create economic leverage in the Fund, which magnifies the Funds exposure to the underlying investment. Derivatives risk may be more significant when derivatives are used to enhance return or as a substitute for a cash investment position, rather than solely to hedge the risk of a position held by the Fund. When derivatives are used to gain or limit exposure to a particular market or market segment, their performance may not correlate as expected to the performance of such market, thereby causing the Fund to fail to achieve its original purpose for using such derivatives. The use of derivatives involves the exercise of specialized skill and judgment, and a transaction may be unsuccessful in whole or in part because of market behavior or unexpected events. Derivative instruments traded in over-the-counter markets may be difficult to value, may be illiquid, and
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
4
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
may be subject to wide swings in valuation caused by changes in the value of the underlying instrument. If a derivatives counterparty is unable to honor its commitments, the value of Fund shares may decline and the Fund could experience delays in the return of collateral or other assets held by the counterparty. The loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Debt Market Risk. Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for investments held by the Fund, which may reduce their market prices and cause the value of Fund shares to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted. Certain securities and other investments held by the Fund can experience downturns in trading activity and, at such times, the supply of such instruments in the market may exceed the demand. At other times, the demand for such instruments may exceed the supply in the market. An imbalance in supply and demand in the market may result in valuation uncertainties and greater volatility, less liquidity, wider trading spreads and a lack of price transparency in the market. No active trading market may exist for certain investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such assets. Adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of some actively traded investments. Fixed income markets have recently experienced a period of relatively high volatility. If the Federal Reserve continues to taper or reverse its quantitative easing stimulus program and/or increases interest rates, fixed income markets could experience continuing high volatility, which could negatively impact the Funds performance.
Interest Rate Risk.
In general
, the value of
income securities
will fluctuate based on changes in interest rates. The value of these securities
is likely to
increase
when interest rates
fall and
decline
when interest rates
rise.
Generally,
securities with longer
durations
are more sensitive to changes in interest rates than
shorter
duration securities. In a
rising interest rate environment
,
the
duration
of
income securities that have the ability to be prepaid
or
called by
the
issuer may be extended.
In a declining interest rate environment,
the
proceeds
from prepaid or maturing instruments may have to be reinvested
at
a
lower
interest rate
.
Credit Risk. Investments in debt obligations are subject to the risk of non-payment of scheduled principal and interest. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances may reduce the capacity of the party obligated to make principal and interest payments on such instruments and may lead to defaults. Such non-payments and defaults may reduce the value of Fund shares and income distributions. The value of a debt obligation also may decline because of concerns about the issuers ability to make principal and interest payments. In addition, the credit ratings of fixed-income securities may be lowered if the financial condition of the party obligated to make payments with respect to such instruments changes. Credit ratings assigned by rating agencies are based on a number of factors and do not necessarily reflect the issuers current financial condition or the volatility or liquidity of the security. In the event of bankruptcy of the issuer of fixed-income securities, the Fund could experience delays or limitations with respect to its ability to realize the benefits of any collateral securing the instrument. In order to enforce its rights in the event of a default, bankruptcy or similar situation, the Fund may be required to retain legal or similar counsel. This may increase the Funds operating expenses and adversely affect net asset value.
Risk of U.S. Government-Sponsored Agencies. Although certain U.S. Government-sponsored agencies (such as the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation and the Federal National Mortgage Association) may be chartered or sponsored by acts of Congress, their securities are neither issued nor guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury.
Foreign Investment Risk. Because the Fund may invest a portion of its assets in foreign instruments, the value of Fund shares can be adversely affected by political and economic developments abroad. Foreign markets may be smaller, less liquid and more volatile than the major markets in the United States, and as a result, Fund share values may be more volatile. Trading in foreign markets typically involves higher expense than trading in the United States. The Fund may have difficulties enforcing its legal or contractual rights in a foreign country.
Risks of Repurchase Agreements and Reverse Repurchase Agreements. In the event of the insolvency of the counterparty to a repurchase agreement or reverse repurchase agreement, recovery of the repurchase price owed to the Fund or, in the case of a reverse repurchase agreement, the securities sold by the Fund, may be delayed. In a repurchase agreement, such an insolvency may result in a loss to the extent that the value of the purchased securities decreases during the delay. In a reverse repurchase agreement, the counterpartys insolvency may result in a loss equal to the amount by which the value of the securities sold by the Fund exceeds the repurchase price payable by the Fund; if the value of the purchased securities increases during such a delay, that loss may also be increased. When the Fund enters into a reverse repurchase agreement, any fluctuations in the market value of either the securities transferred to another party or the securities in which the proceeds may be invested would affect the market value of the Funds assets. As a result, such transactions may increase fluctuations in the net asset value of the Funds shares. Because reverse repurchase agreements may be considered to be the practical equivalent of the Fund borrowing funds (and the counterparty making a loan), they constitute a form of leverage. If the Fund reinvests the proceeds of a reverse repurchase agreement at a rate lower than the cost of the agreement, entering into the agreement will lower the Funds yield.
Risk of Leveraged Transactions.
Certain Fund transactions may give rise to
leverage. Such transactions may include, among others, reverse repurchase agreements,
the use of when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment transactions
and
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
5
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
certain derivative transactions. The Fund is required to segregate liquid assets or otherwise cover the Funds obligation created by a transaction that may give rise to leverage. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements. Leverage may cause the
Funds share price
to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged, as certain types of leverage may exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Funds portfolio securities. The loss on leveraged
investments
may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Risks Associated with Active Management. The Fund is an actively managed portfolio and its success depends upon the investment skills and analytical abilities of the investment adviser and sub-adviser to develop and effectively implement strategies to achieve the Funds investment objective. Subjective decisions made by the investment adviser and sub-adviser may cause the Fund to incur losses or to miss profit opportunities on which it may otherwise have capitalized.
General Fund Investing Risks. The Fund is not a complete investment program and you may lose money by investing in the Fund. All investments carry a certain amount of risk and there is no guarantee that the Fund will be able to achieve its investment objective. Annual Fund Operating Expenses expressed as a percentage of the Funds average daily net assets may change as Fund assets increase and decrease, and Annual Fund Operating Expenses may differ in the future. Purchase and redemption activities by Fund shareholders may impact the management of the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective. In addition, the redemption by one or more large shareholders or groups of shareholders of their holdings in the Fund could have an adverse impact on the remaining shareholders in the Fund. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person. Mutual funds, investment advisers, other market participants and many securities markets are subject to rules and regulations and the jurisdiction of one or more regulators. Changes to applicable rules and regulations could have an adverse affect on securities markets and market participants, as well as on the Funds ability to execute its investment strategy.
Performance
The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Funds performance from year to year and how the Funds average annual returns over time compare with those of a broad-based securities market index. The returns in the bar chart are for Investor Class shares. Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. The Funds performance reflects the effects of expense reductions. Absent these reductions, performance would have been lower. Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com.
During
the period from December 31, 2010 to December 31,
2013
, the highest quarterly total return for Investor Class was 3.46% for the quarter ended June 30, 2012, and the lowest quarterly return was 2.66% for the quarter ended September 30, 2011.
Average Annual Total Return as of December 31, 2013 |
One Year |
Life of Fund |
Investor Class Return Before Taxes |
6.23% |
1.62% |
Investor Class Return After Taxes on Distributions |
6.49% |
0.89% |
Investor Class Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Investor Class Shares |
3.42% |
1.30% |
Institutional Class Return Before Taxes |
6.11% |
1.83% |
BofA Merrill Lynch 3-Month U.S. Treasury Bill Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
0.07% |
0.10% |
Investor Class and Institutional Class commenced operations on September 30, 2010. BofA Merrill Lynch
®
indices not for redistribution or other uses; provided as is, without warranties, and with no liability. Eaton Vance has prepared this report, BofAML does not endorse it, or guarantee, review, or endorse Eaton Vances products. Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.
After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from the after-tax returns presented for Investor Class shares. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
6
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Management
Investment Adviser. Eaton Vance Management (Eaton Vance).
Investment Sub-Adviser. Parametric Risk Advisors LLC (PRA).
Portfolio Managers
Thomas H. Luster, Vice President of Eaton Vance, has co-managed the Fund since its inception in 2010.
Maria C. Cappellano, Vice President of Eaton Vance, has co-managed the Fund since its inception in 2010.
Kenneth Everding, Managing Director of PRA, has co-managed the Fund since its inception in 2010.
Jonathan Orseck, Managing Director of PRA, has co-managed the Fund since its inception in 2010.
For important information about purchase and sale of shares, taxes and financial intermediary compensation, please turn to Important Information Regarding Fund Shares on page 12 of this Prospectus.
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
7
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Parametric Commodity Strategy Fund
Investment Objective
The Funds investment objective is to seek total return.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) |
Investor Class |
Institutional Class |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of offering price) |
None |
None |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at time of purchase or redemption) |
None |
None |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
Investor Class |
Institutional Class |
Management Fees of the Fund and Subsidiary |
0.60% |
0.60% |
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.25% |
n/a |
Other Expenses (of the Fund and Subsidiary) |
|
|
Other Expenses of the Fund |
0.34% |
0.34% |
Other Expenses of the Subsidiary |
0.20 % |
0.20 % |
Total Other Expenses |
0.54 % |
0.54 % |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
1.39% |
1.14% |
Expense Reimbursement (1) |
(0.39) % |
(0.39) % |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Expense Reimbursement |
1.00% |
0.75% |
(1)
The investment adviser and administrator and sub-adviser have agreed to reimburse the Funds expenses to the extent that Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses exceed 1.00% for Investor Class shares and 0.75% for Institutional Class shares. This expense reimbursement will continue through April 30,
2015
. Any amendment to or a termination of this reimbursement would require written approval of the Board of Trustees. The expense reimbursement relates to ordinary operating expenses only and does not include expenses such as: brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses
of unaffiliated funds
, interest expense, taxes or litigation expenses. Amounts reimbursed may be recouped by the investment adviser and administrator and sub-adviser during the Funds current fiscal year to the extent actual expenses are less than the contractual expense cap during such year.
Example. This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
|
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
Investor Class shares |
$ 102 |
$ 402 |
$ 723 |
$ 1,635 |
Institutional Class shares |
$ 77 |
$ 324 |
$ 590 |
$ 1,351 |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over the portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was
2,797
% (excluding the Fund's investment in exchange-traded notes, which are used as temporary cash investments but offer commodity exposure, the portfolio turnover would have been 0%) of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund invests primarily in commodity-linked derivative instruments backed by a portfolio of fixed-income securities. The Funds portfolio of fixed-income securities is generally comprised of U.S. Treasury bills and cash. Commodity-linked derivative instruments include commodity index-linked swap agreements, commodity options and futures and options on futures, and commodity index-linked notes, that provide exposure to the investment returns of the commodities markets, without investing directly in physical commodities. The Fund seeks to gain exposure to the commodity markets, in whole or in part, through investments in PSC Commodity Subsidiary, Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Fund organized under the laws of the Cayman
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
8
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Islands (the Subsidiary) with the same investment objective and principal investment strategies as the Fund. The commodity-linked derivative instruments in which the Fund invests are intended to provide returns based on the performance of a commodity index(es) and particular baskets of commodities. The Fund attempts to provide exposure to a variety of commodities. The Fund may over-weight or under-weight its exposure to a particular commodity index, or a subset of commodities, such that the Fund has greater or lesser exposure to that index than the value of the Funds net assets, or greater or lesser exposure to a subset of commodities. Commodity index-linked notes may be leveraged or unleveraged. The Fund may hold its investments in particular sectors of the commodities markets. The average portfolio duration of the Funds fixed-income portfolio will vary and under normal market conditions is not expected to exceed one year.
The Fund seeks to employ a top-down, disciplined and rules-based investment process that emphasizes broad exposure among individual commodities and commodity sectors. This rules-based strategy utilizes targeted allocation and systematic rebalancing to attempt to exploit certain quantitative and behavioral characteristics of the commodity asset class to generate alpha (i.e. excess returns versus the index). Commodity exposures are selected based on factors such as volatility, liquidity, diversification, and perceived risk and potential benefit. Commodity target weights are created to attempt to reduce concentration risk relative to a particular index. The frequency of rebalancing depends on the correlation and volatility of the individual commodity. Rules-based rebalancing bands are set around target weights to attempt to minimize trading cost.
Principal Risks
Risks of Commodity-Related Investments. The value of commodity investments will generally be affected by overall market movements and factors specific to a particular industry or commodity, which may include weather, embargoes, tariffs, and health, political, international and regulatory developments. Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for commodities, which may reduce market prices and cause the value of the Funds commodity investments to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted. Exposure to commodities and commodity markets may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. No active trading market may exist for certain commodity investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such investments. In addition, adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of actively traded commodity investments. Certain types of commodity instruments (such as total return swaps and commodity-linked notes) are subject to the risk that the counterparty to the instrument will not perform or will be unable to perform in accordance with the terms of the instrument. As noted under Principal Investment Strategies, the Fund expects to gain a significant portion of its commodity-related exposures by investing in the Subsidiary. See Subsidiary Risk and Tax Risk.
Subsidiary Risk.
The Fund will be exposed to the risks associated with the Subsidiarys investments. The Subsidiary invests in commodity-related investments, as well as securities and other instruments in which the Fund is permitted to invest. The Subsidiary is subject to the laws of the Cayman Islands and is not subject to U.S. laws, including securities laws and their protections and provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. Because the Subsidiary is not registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, it may not be able to negotiate terms with its counterparties that are equivalent to those a registered fund may negotiate. As a result, the Subsidiary may have greater exposure to those counterparties than a registered fund. Changes in the laws of the United States and/or the Cayman Islands could result in the inability of
the Subsidiary to operate as described in the Fund's Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information, and could adversely affect the Funds investment approach.
Tax Risk. In order for the Fund to qualify as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code (the Code), the Fund must derive at least 90 percent of its gross income each taxable year from certain qualifying sources of income. Commodity-related investments generate income that is not from a qualified source for purposes of meeting this 90 percent test. Numerous mutual funds have obtained private letter rulings from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) that provide that income produced by certain types of commodity-linked notes or wholly-owned subsidiaries (like the Subsidiary) constitute qualifying income. The Fund has received an opinion of counsel that income from certain commodity-linked notes should be qualifying income and that income derived from the Subsidiary should also constitute qualifying income. The Fund has also applied to the IRS for a private letter ruling to this effect. Should the IRS take action that adversely affects the tax treatment of investing in commodity-linked notes or the Subsidiary, it could limit the Funds ability to pursue its investment objective as described, and the Fund may incur transaction and other costs to comply with any new or additional guidance from the IRS. The tax treatment of commodity-related investments and income from the Subsidiary may be adversely affected by future legislation, Treasury Regulations and/or guidance issued by the IRS that could affect the character, timing and/or amount of the Funds taxable income or any gains and distributions made by the Fund.
Derivatives Risk. The use of derivatives can lead to losses because of adverse movements in the price or value of the asset, index, rate or instrument underlying a derivative, due to failure of a counterparty or due to tax or regulatory constraints. Derivatives may create economic leverage in the Fund, which magnifies the Funds exposure to the underlying investment. Derivatives risk may be more significant when derivatives are used to enhance return or as a substitute for a cash investment position, rather than solely to hedge the risk of a position held by the Fund. When derivatives are used to gain or limit exposure
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
9
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
to a particular market or market segment, their performance may not correlate as expected to the performance of such market, thereby causing the Fund to fail to achieve its original purpose for using such derivatives. The use of derivatives involves the exercise of specialized skill and judgment, and a transaction may be unsuccessful in whole or in part because of market behavior or unexpected events. Derivative instruments traded in over-the-counter markets may be difficult to value, may be illiquid, and may be subject to wide swings in valuation caused by changes in the value of the underlying instrument. If a derivatives counterparty is unable to honor its commitments, the value of Fund shares may decline and the Fund could experience delays in the return of collateral or other assets held by the counterparty. The loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Correlation Risk. Changes in the value of a hedging instrument may not match those of the investment being hedged. Commodity-linked structured notes may be structured in a way that results in the Funds performance significantly diverging from a particular index.
Market Risk. Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for investments held by the Fund, which may reduce their market prices and cause the value of Fund shares to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted. Certain securities and other investments held by the Fund can experience downturns in trading activity and, at such times, the supply of such instruments in the market may exceed the demand. At other times, the demand for such instruments may exceed the supply in the market. An imbalance in supply and demand in the market may result in valuation uncertainties and greater volatility, less liquidity, wider trading spreads and a lack of price transparency in the market. No active trading market may exist for certain investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such assets. Adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of some actively traded investments. Fixed income markets have recently experienced a period of relatively high volatility. If the Federal Reserve continues to taper or reverse its quantitative easing stimulus program and/or increases interest rates, fixed income markets could experience continuing high volatility, which could negatively impact the Funds performance.
Interest Rate Risk.
In general
, the value of
income securities
will fluctuate based on changes in interest rates. The value of these securities
is likely to
increase
when interest rates
fall and
decline
when interest rates rise. Generally,
securities
with longer
durations
are more sensitive to changes in interest rates than
shorter
duration securities. In a rising interest rate environment, the duration of income securities that have the ability to be prepaid or called by the issuer may be extended.
In a declining interest rate environment,
the proceeds from prepaid or maturing instruments
may have to
be reinvested
at
a
lower
interest rate
.
Issuer Diversification Risk. The Fund is non-diversified, which means it may invest a greater percentage of its assets in the securities of a single issuer than funds that are diversified. Non-diversified funds face the risk of focusing investments in a small number of issuers, making them more susceptible to risks affecting such issuers than a more diversified fund might be.
Sector Risk. Because the Fund may have significant investments in a particular sector of the commodities markets (such as agricultural, energy and natural resources, livestock, precious metals, industrial metals and others), the value of Fund shares may be affected by events that adversely affect that sector and may fluctuate more than that of a fund that invests more broadly.
Risk of Leveraged Transactions.
Certain Fund transactions may give rise to
leverage. Such transactions may include, among others,
certain derivative transactions. The Fund is required to segregate liquid assets or otherwise cover the Funds obligation created by a transaction that may give rise to leverage. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements. Leverage may cause the
Funds share price
to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged, as certain types of leverage may exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Funds portfolio securities. The loss on leveraged
investments
may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Rules-Based Management Risks. The sub-adviser uses proprietary investment techniques and analyses in making investment decisions for the Fund, seeking to achieve its investment objective while minimizing exposure to market risk. The strategy seeks to take advantage of certain quantitative and behavioral market characteristics identified by the sub-adviser, utilizing a rules-based commodity weighting process and a disciplined rebalancing model. The Funds strategy has not been independently tested or validated, and there can be no assurance that it will achieve the desired results.
General Fund Investing Risks. The Fund is not a complete investment program and you may lose money by investing in the Fund. All investments carry a certain amount of risk and there is no guarantee that the Fund will be able to achieve its investment objective. Annual Fund Operating Expenses expressed as a percentage of the Funds average daily net assets may change as Fund assets increase and decrease, and Annual Fund Operating Expenses may differ in the future. Purchase and redemption activities by Fund shareholders may impact the management of the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective. In addition, the redemption by one or more large shareholders or groups of shareholders of their holdings in the Fund could have an adverse impact on the remaining shareholders in the Fund. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
10
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person. Mutual funds, investment advisers, other market participants and many securities markets are subject to rules and regulations and the jurisdiction of one or more regulators. Changes to applicable rules and regulations could have an adverse affect on securities markets and market participants, as well as on the Funds ability to execute its investment strategy.
Performance
The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing
changes in the Funds performance from year to year and
how the Funds average annual returns over time compare with those of a broad-based securities market index. The
returns
in the bar chart
are
for Investor Class shares. Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. The Funds performance reflects the effects of expense reductions. Absent these reductions, performance would have been lower. Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com.
During
the period from December 31, 2011 to December 31,
2013
, the highest quarterly total return for Investor Class was 10.80% for the quarter ended September 30, 2012, and the lowest quarterly return was
9.80
% for the quarter ended June 30,
2013
.
Average Annual Total Return as of December 31, 2013 |
One Year |
Life of Fund |
Investor Class Return Before Taxes |
10.64% |
8.81% |
Investor Class Return After Taxes on Distributions |
10.64% |
8.98% |
Investor Class Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Investor Class Shares |
6.02% |
6.41% |
Institutional Class Return Before Taxes |
10.39% |
8.63% |
Dow Jones UBS Commodity Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
9.52% |
9.59% |
Institutional Class commenced operations on May 25, 2011. The Investor Class performance shown above for the period prior to January 3, 2012 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Institutional Class shares at net asset value without adjustment for any differences in expenses of the two classes. If adjusted for other expenses, returns would be different. Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.
After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from the after-tax returns presented for Investor Class shares. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Management
Investment Adviser. Eaton Vance Management (Eaton Vance).
Investment Sub-Adviser. Parametric Portfolio Associates LLC (Parametric).
Portfolio Managers
Timothy Atwill, Managing Director at Parametric, has co-managed the Fund since 2014.
Thomas Seto, Managing Director and Director of Portfolio Management at Parametric, has co-managed the Fund since its inception in 2011.
David M. Stein, Managing Director and Chief Investment Officer at Parametric, has co-managed the Fund since its inception in 2011.
For important information about purchase and sale of shares, taxes and financial intermediary compensation, please turn to Important Information Regarding Fund Shares on page 12 of this Prospectus.
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
11
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Important Information Regarding Fund Shares
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares on any business day, which is any day the New York Stock Exchange is open for business. You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares either through your financial intermediary or directly from the Fund either by writing to the Fund, P.O. Box 9653, Providence, RI 02940-9653, or by calling 1-800-260-0761. The minimum initial purchase or exchange into a Fund is $1,000 for Investor Class and $50,000 for Institutional Class (waived in certain circumstances). There is no minimum for subsequent investments.
Each Funds distributions are expected to be taxed as ordinary income and/or capital gains, unless you are exempt from taxation.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase Fund shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank) (collectively, financial intermediaries), a Fund, its principal underwriter and its affiliates may pay the financial intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the financial intermediary and your salesperson to recommend a Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediarys website for more information.
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
12
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Investment Objective & Principal Policies and Risks
Each Fund is permitted to engage in the following investment practices to the extent set forth in Fund Summaries above. References to the Fund below are to each Fund, as applicable.
A statement of the investment objective and principal investment policies and risks of the Fund is set forth above in Fund Summaries. Set forth below is additional information about such policies and risks of the Fund described in Fund Summaries above. Information also is included about other types of investments and practices that the Fund may engage in from time to time.
Option Strategy for Parametric Absolute Return Fund. The Fund seeks total return by writing a series of call and put option spread combinations on the S&P 500 Composite Stock Price Index (S&P 500 Index) and/or a proxy for the S&P 500 Index (such as SPDR Trust Series I units (SPDRs)). The Fund generally sells call spreads and put spreads that are out of the money. That is, the exercise price of the call options sold generally will be above the current level of the index when written and the exercise price of the call options bought will be above the exercise price of the call options sold. The exercise price of put options sold generally will be below the current level of the index when written and the exercise price of the put options bought will be below the exercise price of put options sold. The Fund seeks to take advantage of, and its effectiveness is dependent on, a general excess of option price-implied volatilities for S&P 500 Index options over realized index volatilities. This market observation is often attributed to an excess of natural buyers over natural sellers of S&P 500 Index options.
The call and put spreads employed by the Fund reference the performance of the S&P 500 Index, a broad-based U.S. stock market index. Net premiums earned and the structure of the Funds options positions will be determined by market volatility levels and other options valuation factors reflected in the market pricing of S&P 500 Index options at the time the positions are entered into. Returns realized by call and put spread positions over each roll cycle will be determined by the performance of the S&P 500 Index over such period. If the S&P 500 Index appreciates or depreciates sufficiently over the period to offset the net premium received, a net loss will result. The amount of potential loss in the event of a sharp market movement is subject to a cap defined by the difference in strike prices between written and purchased call and put options, and the notional value of the positions.
Amounts by which written call options and put options are out-of-the-money may differ over time, as may the width (i.e., the difference between exercise prices of the written and purchased option components of each spread) and notional value of the call option and put option spread positions. The Fund seeks to maintain over time a substantially consistent delta, or equity market exposure, in the call options and put options it writes. Call and put options will generally be written more out-of-the-money during periods in which option valuations reflect higher market volatility levels, and less out-of-the-money when implied volatilities are lower.
The maximum loss potential on written S&P 500 Index call and put spread combinations such as the Fund intends to employ is equal to the maximum net settlement proceeds payable on the written call or put spread (but never both), less the amount of net premium received, and is realized if the S&P 500 Index price level is at or above the exercise price of the purchased call option (loss on call spread) or at or below the exercise price of the purchased put option (loss on put spread) at expiration.
In its option program, the Fund generally intends to utilize FLexible EXchange® Options (FLEX Options), which are customized option contracts available through the Chicago Board Options Exchange that are guaranteed for settlement by the Options Clearing Corporation (OCC), a market clearinghouse. FLEX Options provide investors with the ability to customize exercise prices and expiration dates, while achieving price discovery in competitive, transparent auctions markets and avoiding the counterparty exposure of over-the-counter options positions.
Options on broad-based equity indices that trade on a national securities exchange registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) or a domestic board of trade designated as a contract market by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission generally qualify for treatment as section 1256 contracts as defined in the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code). Under the Code, capital gains and losses on section 1256 contracts are generally recognized annually based on a marking-to-market of open positions at tax year-end, with gains or losses treated as 60% long-term and 40% short-term, regardless of holding period.
In addition to S&P 500 Index options, the Fund may utilize options based on SPDRs and/or another proxy for the S&P 500 Index. SPDRs represent share interests in an exchange-traded fund that seeks to replicate the performance of the S&P 500 Index. The value of SPDRs is subject to change as the values of the component securities fluctuate. SPDRs may not exactly match the performance of the S&P 500 Index due to cash balances, differences in securities weightings, expenses and other factors. SPDR options do not qualify as section 1256 contracts and disposition of any SPDR options will likely result in short-term or long-term capital gains or losses depending on the holding period. SPDRs reflect the underlying risks of the S&P 500 Index and SPDR options are subject to the risks of S&P 500 Index options.
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
13
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
An index call option is a contract that entitles the purchaser to receive from the seller a cash payment equal to the amount of any appreciation in the value of the reference index over a fixed price (the strike price of the call option) as of the valuation date of the option. Upon entering into the position, a premium is paid by the purchaser to the seller. When an index call option is exercised, the seller is required to deliver an amount of cash determined by the excess, if any, of the value of the index at contract termination over the strike price of the option. A call option on an individual security, such as a SPDR, is a contract that entitles the purchaser to buy the security at a fixed price (the strike price of the call option) on or before the valuation date of the option in exchange for the payment of an up front premium by the purchaser to the seller. When an individual call option is exercised, the seller is required to deliver the underlying security. If the option seller does not own the underlying security it may be required to purchase the security to meet the delivery requirements of the contract.
An index put option is a contract that entitles the purchaser to receive from the seller a cash payment equal to the amount of any depreciation in the value of the reference index below a fixed price (the strike price of the call option) as of the valuation date of the option. Upon entering into the position, a premium is paid by the purchaser to the seller. When an index put option is exercised, the seller is required to deliver an amount of cash determined by the shortfall, if any, of the value of the index at contract termination below the strike price of the option. A put option on an individual security, such as a SPDR, is a contract that entitles the purchaser to sell the security at a fixed price (the strike price of the put option) on or before the valuation date of the option in exchange for the payment of an up front premium by the purchaser to the seller. When an individual put option is exercised, the seller is required to purchase the underlying security.
The net premium received by a seller of call and put spreads equals the total premiums received on the calls and puts written less the total premiums paid with respect to the calls and puts that are purchased. Because the exercise price of the purchased call and put positions will always be more out-of-the-money than the associated written puts and calls, the net premiums received by the Fund on sales of call and put spreads will be consistently positive.
Amounts payable at settlement by a seller of index call and put spreads will equal the total payments made with respect to written calls and puts less the total payments received with respect to purchased calls and puts. If written calls and puts expire worthless, the Fund will neither pay nor receive settlement proceeds. If written calls or puts expire in-the-money, the Fund will be required to pay net proceeds at settlement equal to the difference between the amounts payable on written calls and amounts receivable, if any, on the associated purchased calls and puts. If purchased calls or puts expire in-the-money, the net amount payable by the Fund will be capped at an amount defined by the difference in exercise price of the written and purchased options positions.
The Fund will sell only covered call and put options. A written call option is considered covered if the Fund maintains with its custodian assets determined to be liquid in an amount at least equal to the exercise price of the option (or, in the case of options on SPDRs, owns an equivalent number of SPDRs as those subject to the call). A written call option is also considered covered if the Fund holds a call on the associated index or instrument where the exercise price of the call held is (i) equal to or less than the exercise price of the call written, or (ii) greater than the exercise price of the call written, provided the difference is maintained by the Fund in segregated assets determined to be liquid (or, in the case of options on SPDRs, owns a number of SPDRs equivalent to the difference). In the case of call spread transactions, the Fund will generally cover the written call options by purchasing corresponding calls with a higher exercise price and maintaining with its custodian the difference in segregated liquid assets.
A written put option similarly is considered covered if the Fund maintains with its custodian assets determined to be liquid in an amount at least equal to the exercise price of the option. A written put option is also considered covered if the Fund holds a put on the associated index or instrument where the exercise price of the put held is (i) equal to or greater than the exercise price of the put written, or (ii) less than the exercise price of the put written, provided the difference is maintained by the Fund in segregated assets determined to be liquid. In the case of put spread transactions, the Fund will generally cover the written puts by purchasing corresponding puts with a lower exercise price and maintaining with its custodian the difference in segregated liquid assets.
Options positions are marked to market daily. The value of options is affected by changes in the value and dividend rates of the securities represented in the S&P 500 Index, changes in interest rates, changes in the actual or perceived volatility of the index and the remaining time to the options expiration, as well as trading conditions in the options market.
In certain market circumstances, for temporary defensive purposes, the Fund may forego implementing its option strategy.
U.S. Government Securities. U.S. Government securities include U.S. Treasury obligations, which differ in their interest rates, maturities and times of issuance, and obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies or instrumentalities (agency obligations). Agency obligations may be guaranteed by the U.S. Government or they may be backed by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury, the discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase the obligations, or the credit of the agency or instrumentality. U.S. Government securities also include any other security or agreement collateralized or
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
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Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
otherwise secured by U.S. Government securities. As a result of their high credit quality and market liquidity, U.S. Government securities generally provide a lower current return than obligations of other issuers.
Maturity. Average effective maturity is a weighted average of all the maturities of the income securities investments in the portfolio, computed by weighing each effective maturity date (which takes into account all mortgage prepayments, puts, calls and adjustable coupons) by the market value of the security.
Credit Quality.
Rating agencies are private services that provide ratings of the credit quality of certain
fixed
income securities. In evaluating creditworthiness, the investment adviser considers ratings assigned by rating agencies and generally performs additional credit and investment analysis. Credit ratings issued by rating agencies are based on a number of factors including, but not limited to, the issuers financial condition and the rating agencys credit analysis, if applicable, at the time of rating. The ratings assigned are not absolute standards of credit quality and do not evaluate market risks or necessarily reflect the issuers current financial condition. An issuers current financial condition may be better or worse than the current rating indicates. A credit rating may have a modifier (such as plus, minus or a numerical modifier) to denote its relative status within the rating. The presence of a modifier does not change the security credit rating (for example, BBB- and Baa3 are within the investment grade rating) for purposes of the Funds investment limitations. If a security is rated differently by rating agencies, the higher rating will be used for any Fund rating restrictions.
Repurchase Agreements.
A repurchase agreement is the purchase by the Fund of securities from a counterparty in exchange for cash that is coupled with an agreement to resell those securities to the counterparty at a specified date and price. Repurchase agreements
that
mature in more than seven days will be treated as illiquid. When a repurchase agreement is entered into, the Fund typically receives securities with a value that equals or exceeds the repurchase price, including any accrued interest earned on the agreement. The value of such securities will be marked to market daily, and cash or additional securities will be exchanged between the parties as needed. Except in the case of a repurchase agreement entered into to settle a short sale, the value of the securities delivered to the Fund will be at least equal to 90% of such repurchase price during the term of the repurchase agreement. The terms of a repurchase agreement entered into to settle a short sale may provide that the cash purchase price paid by the Fund is more than the value of purchased securities that effectively collateralize the repurchase price payable by the counterparty. Since in such a transaction the Fund normally will have used the purchased securities to settle the short sale, the Fund will segregate liquid assets equal to the marked to market value of the purchased securities that it is obligated to return to the counterparty under the repurchase agreement.
Reverse Repurchase Agreements. The Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements. Under a reverse repurchase agreement, the Fund transfers possession of a portfolio instrument to another party, such as a bank or broker-dealer, in return for cash. At the same time, the Fund agrees to repurchase the instrument at an agreed upon time (normally within seven days) and price, which reflects an interest payment. The Fund may enter into such agreements when it believes it is able to invest the cash acquired at a rate higher than the cost of the agreement, which would increase earned income. The Fund could also enter into reverse repurchase agreements as a means of raising cash to satisfy redemption requests without the necessity of selling portfolio assets.
Mortgage-Backed Securities (MBS). MBS represent participation interests in pools of adjustable and fixed-rate mortgage loans. MBS may be issued by the U.S. Government (or one of its agencies or instrumentalities) or privately issued but collateralized by mortgages that are insured, guaranteed or otherwise backed by the U.S. Government, or its agencies or instrumentalities. Adjustable rate mortgages are mortgages whose interest rates are periodically reset when market rates change. Unlike conventional debt obligations, MBS provide monthly payments derived from the monthly interest and principal payments (including any prepayments) made by the individual borrowers on the pooled mortgage loans. MBS that include loans that have had a history of refinancing opportunities are referred to as seasoned MBS. MBS that are not seasoned MBS are referred to as generic MBS. Seasoned MBS tend to have a higher collateral to debt ratio than other MBS because a greater percentage of the underlying debt has been repaid and the collateral property may have appreciated in value. MBS may be premium bonds acquired at prices that exceed their par or principal value.
The mortgage loans underlying MBS are generally subject to a greater rate of principal prepayments in a declining interest rate environment and to a lesser rate of principal prepayments in an increasing interest rate environment, although investment in seasoned MBS can mitigate this risk. Under certain interest and prepayment rate scenarios, the Fund may fail to recover the full amount of its investment in MBS, notwithstanding any direct or indirect governmental or agency guarantee. Moreover, if the Fund invests in interest only stripped MBS, it may fail to recoup its initial investment if the underlying mortgages experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal. Because faster than expected prepayments must usually be invested in lower yielding securities, MBS are less effective than conventional bonds in locking in a specified interest rate. For premium bonds, prepayment risk may be enhanced. In a rising interest rate environment, a declining prepayment rate will extend the average life of many MBS. This possibility is often referred to as extension risk. Extending the average life of a mortgage-backed security increases the risk of depreciation due to future increases in market interest rates. MBS that are purchased at a premium generate
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Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
current income that exceeds market rates for comparable investments, but tend to decrease in value as they mature. MBS include classes of collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs), including fixed- or floating-rate tranches, and various other MBS. In choosing among CMO classes, the investment adviser will evaluate the total income potential of each class and other factors. CMOs are subject to the same types of risks affecting MBS as described above. Mortgage dollar rolls involve the Fund selling MBS for delivery in the current month with a simultaneous contract entered to repurchase substantially similar (same type, coupon and maturity) securities on a specified future date (a mortgage roll). During the roll period, the Fund foregoes principal and interest paid on the MBS.
Asset-Backed Securities. Asset-backed securities represent interests in a pool of assets, such as home equity loans, commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS), automobile receivables or credit card receivables. Unscheduled prepayments of asset-backed securities may result in a loss of income if the proceeds are invested in lower-yielding securities. In addition, issuers of asset-backed securities may have limited ability to enforce the security interest in the underlying assets, and credit enhancements (if any) may be inadequate in the event of default. Asset-backed securities may experience losses on the underlying assets as a result of certain rights provided to consumer debtors under federal and state law. The value of asset-backed securities may be affected by the factors described above and other factors, such as the availability of information concerning the pool and its structure, the creditworthiness of the servicing agent for the pool, the originator of the underlying assets or the entities providing credit enhancements and the ability of the servicer to service the underlying collateral. The value of asset-backed securities representing interests in a pool of utilities receivables may be adversely affected by changes in government regulations. Under certain market conditions, asset-backed securities may be less liquid and may be difficult to value.
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities. CMBS include securities that reflect an interest in, and are secured by, mortgage loans on commercial real property. CMBS are subject to the risks described under Asset-Backed Securities above. CMBS also are subject to many of the risks of investing in the real estate securing the underlying mortgage loans. These risks reflect the effects of local and other economic conditions on real estate markets, the ability of tenants to make loan payments, and the ability of a property to attract and retain tenants. CMBS may be less liquid and exhibit a greater price volatility than other types of mortgage- or asset-backed securities. The Fund's direct and indirect investments in CMBS will not exceed 25% of its net assets. For the purposes of the Fund's industry concentration policy, CMBS will be categorized based on the underlying assets of the CMBS (retail, office, warehouse, multifamily, defeased collateral, etc.).
The commercial mortgage loans that underlie CMBS have certain distinct risk characteristics. Commercial mortgage loans generally lack standardized terms, which may complicate their structure, tend to have shorter maturities than residential mortgage loans and may not be fully amortizing. Commercial properties themselves tend to be unique and are more difficult to value than single-family residential properties. In addition, commercial properties, particularly industrial and warehouse properties, are subject to environmental risks and the burdens and costs of compliance with environmental laws and regulations.
Foreign Investments. Investments in foreign issuers could be affected by factors not present in the United States, including expropriation, armed conflict, confiscatory taxation, lack of uniform accounting and auditing standards, less publicly available financial and other information, and potential difficulties in enforcing contractual obligations. Because foreign issuers may not be subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standard practices and requirements and regulatory measures comparable to those in the United States, there may be less publicly available information about such foreign issuers. Settlements of securities transactions in foreign countries are subject to risk of loss, may be delayed and are generally less frequent than in the United States, which could affect the liquidity of the Funds assets.
The foregoing risks of foreign investing can be more significant in less developed countries characterized as emerging market countries, which may offer higher potential for gains and losses than investments in the developed markets of the world. Political and economic structures in emerging market countries generally lack the social, political and economic stability of developed countries, which may affect the value of the Funds investments in these countries and also the ability of the Fund to access markets in such countries. Governmental actions can have a significant effect on the economic conditions in emerging market countries, which also may adversely affect the value and liquidity of the Funds investments. The laws of emerging market countries relating to the limited liability of corporate shareholders, fiduciary duties of officers and directors, and bankruptcy of state enterprises are generally less well developed than or different from such laws in the United States. It may be more difficult to obtain a judgment in the courts of these countries than it is in the United States. Disruptions due to work stoppages and trading improprieties in foreign securities markets have caused such markets to close. If extended closings were to occur in stock markets where the Fund is heavily invested, the Funds ability to redeem Fund shares could become impaired. In such circumstances, the Fund may have to sell more liquid securities than it would otherwise choose to sell. Emerging market securities are also subject to speculative trading, which contributes to their volatility.
When-issued Securities. The Fund may purchase securities on a forward commitment or when-issued basis (meaning securities are purchased or sold with payment and delivery taking place in the future) in order to secure what is considered to be an advantageous price and yield at the time of entering into the transaction. However, the yield on a comparable security when
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Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
the transaction is consummated may vary from the yield on the security at the time that the forward commitment or when-issued transaction was made. From the time of entering into the transaction until delivery and payment is made at a later date, the securities that are the subject of the transaction are subject to market fluctuations. In forward commitment or when-issued transactions, if the seller or buyer, as the case may be, fails to consummate the transaction the counterparty may miss the opportunity of obtaining a price or yield considered to be advantageous. Forward commitment or when-issued transactions may occur a month or more before delivery is due. However, no payment or delivery is made until payment is received or delivery is made from the other party to the transaction. Forward commitment or when-issued transactions are not entered into by the Fund for the purpose of investment leverage.
Subsidiary Investments. The Commodity Strategy Fund may invest up to 25% of its total assets in the Subsidiary, which is permitted to invest in commodity-related investments as well as the securities and other instruments in which the Fund is permitted to invest. The Subsidiary is not subject to U.S. laws, including securities laws and their protections. The Subsidiary is subject to the laws of the Cayman Islands, which can be affected by developments in that country. The Subsidiary is operated in accordance with the 1940 Act investment restrictions that apply to the Fund, but is not subject to provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. Because the Subsidiary is not registered under the 1940 Act, it may not be able to negotiate terms with its derivative counterparties that are equivalent to those a registered fund may negotiate. As a result, the Subsidiary may have greater exposure to those counterparties than a registered fund. For tax purposes, all income or net capital gain allocated to the Fund from the Subsidiary would be treated as ordinary income to the Fund.
Commodities-Related Investments.
Commodity-related investments include, but are not limited to, commodities contracts, commodity futures or options thereon (investments in contracts for the future purchase or sale of commodities); commodity exchange-traded funds (exchange-traded funds that track the price of a single commodity, such as gold or oil, or a basket of commodities); commodity exchange traded notes (non-interest paying debt instruments whose price fluctuates (by contractual commitment) with an underlying commodities index); total return swaps based on a commodity index (permitting one party to receive/pay the total return on a commodity index against payment/receipt of an agreed upon spread/interest rate); commodity-linked notes (providing a return based on a formula referenced to a commodity index); sovereign issued oil warrants (a sovereign obligation the coupon on which is contingent on the price of oil); precious metals; and any other commodities-related investment permitted by law. Commodities-related investments may be used to gain exposure to a particular type of commodity, basket of commodities, commodity market or commodity index, or to hedge such exposures or a position in a commodity producing country. In order to comply with the Code, the Fund expects to utilize the Subsidiary to gain exposure to commodity-related investments
,
but also may
do so to
invest in securities and other instruments in which the Fund is permitted to invest. (see Subsidiary Investments). As described under Tax Risk in the Fund Summary, the Fund relies on an opinion of counsel with respect to the tax treatment of an investment in the Subsidiary and certain commodity-linked notes.
Income
Instruments.
Income instruments
include all types of
fixed and floating-rate
bonds and notes, such as convertible securities; corporate commercial paper; mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities; inflation-indexed bonds issued by both governments and corporations; structured notes, including hybrid or indexed securities;
loans;
loan participations and assignments; delayed funding loans and revolving credit facilities; preferred securities; and bank certificates of deposit, fixed time deposits, bank deposits (or investments structured to provide the same type of exposure) and bankers acceptances of foreign and domestic banks
and other debt instruments. Income instruments
are issued by:
foreign
governments or their subdivisions, agencies and government-sponsored enterprises; international agencies or supranational entities; the U.S. Government, its agencies or government-sponsored enterprises (or guaranteed thereby); central or quasi-sovereign banks and U.S. and
foreign
corporations.
Income instruments
include deep discount bonds, such as zero coupon bonds, deferred interest bonds, bonds or securities on which the interest is payable in-kind (PIK securities), which are debt obligations that are issued at a significant discount from face value, and securities purchased on a forward commitment or when-issued basis. While zero coupon bonds do not make periodic payments of interest, deferred interest bonds provide for a period of delay before the regular payment of interest begins. PIK securities provide that the issuer thereof may, at its option, pay interest in cash or in the form of additional securities.
Derivatives. The Fund may enter into derivatives transactions with respect to any security or other instrument in which it is permitted to invest or any related security, instrument, index or economic indicator (reference instruments). Derivatives are financial instruments the value of which is derived from the underlying reference instrument. Derivatives transactions can involve substantial risk. Derivatives typically allow the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk to which the Fund is exposed more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments. The Fund incurs costs in connection with opening and closing derivatives positions. The Fund may engage in the derivative transactions set forth below, as well as in other derivative transactions with substantially similar characteristics and risks.
Certain derivative transactions may give rise to a form of leverage. The Fund is required to segregate or earmark liquid assets or otherwise cover the Funds obligation created by a transaction that may give rise to leverage. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation
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Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
requirements. Leverage may cause the
Funds share price
to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged, as certain types of leverage may exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Funds portfolio securities. The loss on leverage transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Commodity-Linked Notes. Leveraged or unleveraged commodity-linked notes are derivative debt instruments with principal and/or coupon payments linked to the performance of commodity indices. The Fund may also invest in commodity-linked notes with principal and/or coupon payments linked to the value of particular commodities or commodity futures contracts, or a subset of commodities and commodities futures contracts. These notes are sometimes referred to as structured notes because the terms of these notes may be structured by the issuer and the purchaser of the note. The value of these notes will rise or fall in response to changes in the underlying commodity, commodity futures contract, subset of commodities, subset of commodities futures contracts or commodity index.
These notes expose the Fund economically to movements in commodity prices. These notes also are subject to risks, such as counterparty, credit, market and interest rate risks. In addition, these notes are often leveraged, increasing the volatility of each notes market value relative to changes in the underlying commodity, commodity futures contract or commodity index. Therefore, at the maturity of the note, the Fund may receive more or less principal than it originally invested. The Fund might receive interest payments on the note that are more or less than the stated coupon interest payments.
Options on Securities, Indices and Currencies. The Fund may engage in transactions in exchange-traded and over-the-counter (OTC) options. There are several risks associated with transactions in options such as imperfect correlation, counterparty risk and an insufficient liquid secondary market for particular options. By buying a put option, the Fund acquires a right to sell the underlying instrument at the exercise price, thus limiting the Fund's risk of loss through a decline in the market value of the instrument until the put option expires. The Fund will pay a premium to the seller of the option for the right to receive payments of cash to the extent that the value of the applicable instrument declines below the exercise price as of the option valuation date. If the price of the instrument is above the exercise price of the option as of the option valuation date, the option expires worthless and the Fund will not be able to recover the option premium paid to the seller. The Fund may purchase uncovered put options. The Fund also has authority to write (i.e., sell) put options. The Fund will receive a premium for writing a put option, which increases the Fund's return. In writing a put option, the Fund has the obligation to buy the underlying instrument at an agreed upon price if the price of such instrument decreases below the exercise price. If the value of the instrument on the option expiration date is above the exercise price, the option will generally expire worthless and the Fund, as option seller, will have no obligation to the option holder.
A purchased call option gives the Fund the right to buy, and obligates the seller to sell, the underlying instrument at the exercise price at any time during the option period. The Fund also is authorized to write (i.e., sell) call options on instruments in which it may invest and to enter into closing purchase transactions with respect to such options. A covered call option is an option in which the Fund, in return for a premium, gives another party a right to buy specified instruments owned by the Fund at a specified future date and price set at the time of the contract. The Fund's ability to sell the instrument underlying a call option may be limited while the option is in effect unless the Fund enters into a closing purchase transaction. Uncovered call options have speculative characteristics and are riskier than covered call options because there is no underlying instrument held by the Fund that can act as a partial hedge. As the writer of a covered call option or an index call option, the Fund forgoes, during the options life, the opportunity to profit from increases in the market value of the security or the index covering the call option above the sum of the option premium received and the exercise price of the call, but has retained the risk of loss, minus the option premium received, should the price of the underlying security or index decline.
OTC options involve risk that the issuer or counterparty will fail to perform its contractual obligations. Participants in these markets are typically not subject to the same credit evaluation and regulatory oversight as are members of exchange-based markets. By engaging in option transactions in these markets, the Fund may take a credit risk with regard to parties with which it trades and also may bear the risk of settlement default.
Futures Contracts. The Fund may engage in transactions in futures contracts and options on futures contracts. Futures are standardized, exchange-traded contracts that obligate a purchaser to take delivery, and a seller to make delivery, of a specific amount of an asset at a specified future date at a specified price. The Fund also is authorized to purchase or sell call and put options on futures contracts. The primary risks associated with the use of futures contracts and options are imperfect correlation, liquidity, unanticipated market movement and counterparty risk.
Interest Rate Swaps. Interest rate swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive interest, e.g., an exchange of fixed rate payments for floating rate payments. Interest rate swaps involve counterparty risk and the risk of imperfect correlation.
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Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Credit Default Swaps. Credit default swap agreements (CDS) enable the Fund to buy or sell credit protection on an individual issuer or basket of issuers (i.e., the reference instrument). The Fund may enter into CDS to gain or short exposure to a reference instrument. Long CDS positions are utilized to gain exposure to a reference instrument (similar to buying the instrument) and are akin to selling insurance on the instrument. Short CDS positions are utilized to short exposure to a reference instrument (similar to shorting the instrument) and are akin to buying insurance on the instrument. In response to market events, federal and certain state regulators have proposed regulation of the CDS market. These regulations may limit the Funds ability to use CDS and/or the benefits of CDS. CDS involve risks, including the risk that the counterparty may be unable to fulfill the transaction or that the Fund may be required to purchase securities or other instruments to meet delivery obligations. The Fund may have difficulty, be unable or may incur additional costs to acquire such securities or instruments.
Inflation Swaps. Inflation swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive interest, e.g. , an exchange of fixed rate payments for floating rate payments or an exchange of floating rate payments based on two different reference indices. By design, one of the reference indices is an inflation index, such as the Consumer Price Index. Inflation swaps can be designated as zero coupon, where both sides of the swap compound interest over the life of the swap and then the accrued interest is paid out only at the swaps maturity.
Total Return Swaps. In a total return swap, the buyer receives a periodic return equal to the total return of a specified security, securities or index, for a specified period of time. In return, the buyer pays the counterparty a variable stream of payments, typically based upon short term interest rates, possibly plus or minus an agreed upon spread. These transactions involve risks, including counterparty risk.
Counterparty Risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the Fund or Subsidiary (collectively referred to as Fund) does business (such as trading or securities lending), or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the Fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial condition and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause the value of Fund shares to decline or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the Fund. To limit the counterparty risk involved in swap agreements, the Fund will only enter into swap agreements with counterparties that meet certain standards of creditworthiness. Although there can be no assurance that the Fund will be able to do so, the Fund may be able to reduce or eliminate its exposure under a swap agreement either by assignment or other disposition, or by entering into an offsetting swap agreement with the same party or another creditworthy party. The Fund may have limited ability to eliminate its exposure under a credit default swap if the credit of the referenced entity or underlying asset has declined.
Forward Commitments. Fixed-income securities may be purchased on a forward commitment or when-issued basis (meaning securities are purchased or sold with payment and delivery taking place in the future). In such a transaction, the Fund is securing what is considered to be an advantageous price and yield at the time of entering into the transaction. However, the yield on a comparable security when the transaction is consummated may vary from the yield on the security at the time that the forward commitment or when-issued transaction was made. From the time of entering into the transaction until delivery and payment is made at a later date, the securities that are the subject of the transaction are subject to market fluctuations. In forward commitment or when-issued transactions, if the seller or buyer, as the case may be, fails to consummate the transaction, the counterparty may miss the opportunity of obtaining a price or yield considered to be advantageous. Forward commitment or when-issued transactions may be expected to occur a month or more before delivery is due. However, no payment or delivery is made until payment is received or delivery is made from the other party to the transaction.
Pooled Investment Vehicles.
Subject to applicable limitations, the Fund may invest in pooled investment vehicles, including open- and closed-end investment companies affiliated or unaffiliated with the investment adviser, and exchange-traded funds. The market for common shares of closed-end investment companies and exchange-traded funds, which are generally traded on an exchange, is affected by the demand for those securities, regardless of the value of the funds underlying portfolio assets. The Fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any management fees and expenses paid by unaffiliated and certain affiliated pooled investment vehicles in which it invests, except that management fees of affiliated funds may be waived.
If
they exceed 0.01%, the costs associated with such investments will be reflected in Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses in the Annual Fund Operating Expenses in Fund Summaries.
Cash and Cash Equivalents. The Fund may invest in cash or cash equivalents, including high quality short-term instruments or an affiliated investment company that invests in such instruments.
Borrowing. The Fund is authorized to borrow in accordance with applicable regulations, but currently intends to borrow only for temporary purposes (such as to satisfy redemption requests, to remain fully invested in anticipation of expected cash inflows and to settle transactions). The Fund will not purchase additional investment securities while outstanding borrowings exceed 5% of the value of its total assets.
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Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Illiquid Securities. The Fund may not invest more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities, which may be difficult to value properly and may involve greater risks than liquid securities. Illiquid securities include those legally restricted as to resale (such as those issued in private placements), and may include commercial paper issued pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A thereunder. Certain Section 4(2) and Rule 144A securities may be treated as liquid securities if the investment adviser determines that such treatment is warranted. Even if determined to be liquid, holdings of these securities may increase the level of Fund illiquidity if eligible buyers become uninterested in purchasing them.
General. Unless otherwise stated, the Fund's investment objective and certain other policies may be changed without shareholder approval. Shareholders will receive 60 days' written notice of any material change in the investment objective. During unusual market conditions, the Fund may invest up to 100% of its assets in cash or cash equivalents temporarily, which may be inconsistent with its investment objective(s) and other policies. The Fund might not use all of the strategies and techniques or invest in all of the types of securities described in this Prospectus or the Statement of Additional Information. While at times the Fund may use alternative investment strategies in an effort to limit its losses, it may choose not to do so . In determining compliance with the requirement that the Commodity Strategy Fund invest primarily in commodity-linked derivative instruments backed by a portfolio of long and short positions in fixed income securities, the net notional value of long and short derivative positions is included .
The Fund's investment policies include a provision allowing the Fund to invest (i) all of its investable assets in an open-end management investment company with substantially the same investment objective, policies and restrictions as the Fund; or (ii) in more than one open-end management investment company sponsored by Eaton Vance or its affiliates, provided any such companies have investment objectives, policies and restrictions that are consistent with those of the Fund. Any such company or companies would be advised by the Funds investment adviser (or an affiliate) and the Fund would not pay directly any advisory fee with respect to the assets so invested. The Fund may initiate investments in one or more such investment companies at any time without shareholder approval.
Management and Organization
Management.
The investment adviser of each Fund is Eaton Vance Management (Eaton Vance), with offices at Two International Place, Boston, MA 02110. Eaton Vance has been managing assets since 1924 and managing mutual funds since 1931. Eaton Vance and its affiliates currently manage over $
285
billion on behalf of mutual funds, institutional clients and individuals. Eaton Vance manages the investments of each Fund and provides administrative services and related office facilities.
Each Funds semiannual shareholder report provides information regarding the basis for the Trustees approval of each Funds investment advisory and administrative and sub-advisory agreements.
Parametric Absolute Return Fund. Under its investment advisory and administrative agreement with the Fund, Eaton Vance receives a monthly fee as follows:
Average Daily Net Assets |
Annual Fee Rate
|
up to $500 million |
1.10% |
$500 million but less than $1 billion |
1.05% |
$1 billion but less than $2.5 billion |
1.02% |
$2.5 billion but less than $5 billion |
0.99% |
$5 billion and over |
0.96% |
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the effective annual rate of the advisory fee paid to Eaton Vance, based on average daily net assets of the Fund, was 1.10%.
Pursuant to an investment sub-advisory agreement, Eaton Vance has engaged PRA to serve as the Funds sub-adviser responsible for structuring and managing the option strategy. Eaton Vance pays PRA a portion of the advisory fee for sub-advisory services provided to the Fund. PRA is an affiliate of Parametric, a majority-owned
subsidiary
of Eaton Vance Corp. PRA (or its predecessor) has specialized in option strategies since it was formed in 2003. PRA is located at
518
Riverside Avenue, Westport, CT 06880.
Thomas H. Luster and Maria C. Cappellano are the portfolio managers responsible for the day-to-day management of the Funds income securities investments. Mr. Luster is a Vice President of Eaton Vance and has managed other Eaton Vance funds for over five years. Ms. Cappellano is a Vice President of Eaton Vance and has been a member of Eaton Vances investment grade income
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20
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
team for over five years. Jonathan Orseck and Kenneth Everding are the portfolio managers responsible for implementation of the Funds option strategy. Messrs. Orseck and Everding have each been Managing Directors of PRA (or its predecessor) for more than five years and manage other Eaton Vance investment portfolios.
Parametric Commodity Strategy Fund. Under its investment advisory and administrative agreement with the Fund, Eaton Vance receives a monthly fee as follows:
Average Daily Net Assets |
Annual Fee Rate
|
up to $500 million |
0.600% |
$500 million but less than $1 billion |
0.575% |
$1 billion but less than $2.5 billion |
0.550% |
$2.5 billion but less than $5 billion |
0.530% |
$5 billion and over |
0.515% |
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the effective annual rate of the advisory fee paid to Eaton Vance, based on average daily net assets of the Fund, was 0.60%.
Pursuant to a sub-advisory agreement, Eaton Vance has delegated the investment management of the Fund to Parametric, a majority-owned affiliate of Eaton Vance Corp., with offices at 1918 Eighth Avenue, Suite 3100, Seattle, WA 98101. Eaton Vance pays Parametric a portion of the advisory fee for sub-advisory services provided to the Fund.
The Fund is managed by a team of portfolio managers from Parametric, who are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Funds portfolio. The members of the team are
Timothy Atwill,
Thomas Seto and David M. Stein. Messrs. Seto and Stein have been portfolio managers of the Fund since May 25, 2011 (commencement of operations
) and Mr. Atwill has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since May 1, 2014.
Mr. Seto has been Managing Director and Director of Portfolio Management at Parametric for more than five years. Mr. Stein has been Managing Director and Chief Investment Officer at Parametric for more than five years. They both have managed other Eaton Vance funds for more than five years.
Mr. Atwill has been Managing Director at Parametric since 2010. Prior to joining Parametric in 2010, Mr. Atwill was a Portfolio Manager and Senior Manager Research Analyst at Russell Investments since 2005.
The Statement of Additional Information provides additional information about each portfolio managers compensation, other accounts managed by each portfolio manager, and each portfolio managers ownership of Fund shares.
Eaton Vance
provides
sub-transfer agency
and related
services
to Eaton Vance mutual funds pursuant to a Sub-Transfer Agency Support Services Agreement. For its services under the agreement
, Eaton Vance receives an aggregate fee
from such funds equal to the lesser of $2.5 million or its
actual expenses
incurred in performing such services
.
Organization.
Parametric Absolute Return Fund is a series of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust
.
Parametric Commodity Strategy Fund is a series of Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust. Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust and Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust are Massachusetts business trusts.
Each Fund offers multiple classes of shares. Each Class represents a pro rata interest in a Fund but is subject to different expenses and rights. The Funds do not hold annual shareholder meetings but may hold special meetings for matters that require shareholder approval (such as electing or removing trustees, approving management or advisory contracts or changing investment policies that may only be changed with shareholder approval).
Because the Funds use this combined Prospectus, a Fund could be held liable for a misstatement or omission made about another Fund.
Valuing Shares
Each Fund values its shares once each day only when the New York Stock Exchange (the Exchange) is open for trading (typically Monday through Friday), as of the close of regular trading on the Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m. eastern time). The purchase price of Fund shares is their net asset value
which is derived from the value of Fund holdings. When purchasing or redeeming Fund shares through a financial intermediary, your financial intermediary must receive your order by the close of regular trading on the Exchange in order for the purchase price or the redemption price to be based on that days net asset value per share. It is the financial intermediarys responsibility to transmit orders promptly. Each Fund may accept purchase and redemption orders as of the time of their receipt by certain financial intermediaries (or their designated intermediaries).
The Trustees have adopted procedures for valuing investments and have delegated to the investment adviser or sub-adviser the daily valuation of such investments and the Subsidiary (in the case of Commodity Strategy Fund) has also adopted such procedures. Pursuant to the procedures, independent pricing services are used to value debt obligations at their market value.
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
21
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
In determining market value, the pricing service considers various factors and market information. Exchange-traded options are valued on the valuation day at the mean of the bid and asked prices at valuation time as reported by the Options Price Reporting Authority for U.S. listed options, or by the relevant Exchange or Board of Trade for non-U.S. listed options. FLEX Options are valued by the Options Clearing Corporation (OCC). When the Fund writes options, the premium received is reflected as an asset and the associated liability is marked to market each day. OTC options are valued at prices provided by a pricing vendor or a broker (typically the counterparty to the options) on the valuation day.
Most seasoned fixed-rate 30 year MBS are valued through the use of a matrix pricing system, which takes into account bond prices, yield differentials, anticipated prepayments and interest rates provided by dealers. Certain other MBS, including, but not limited to, collateralized mortgage obligations and adjustable rate MBS, are valued by independent pricing services. Exchange-listed securities and other instruments (including derivatives) normally are valued at closing sale prices. Non-exchange traded derivatives are normally valued on the basis of quotes obtained from brokers and dealers or pricing services. Such values may be based on valuation models, information provided by market makers or estimates of market values obtained from yield or market data relating to investments or securities with similar characteristics. Shares of the Subsidiary will be valued at their net asset value.
In certain situations, the investment adviser may use the fair value of a security if market prices are unavailable or deemed unreliable, or if events occur after the close of a securities market (usually a foreign market) and before portfolio assets are valued would materially affect net asset value. In addition, for foreign equity securities that meet certain criteria the Trustees have approved the use of a fair value service that values such securities to reflect market trading that occurs after the close of the applicable foreign markets of comparable securities or other instruments that have a strong correlation to the fair valued securities. A security that is fair valued may be valued at a price higher or lower than actual market quotations or the value determined by other funds using their own fair valuation procedures. Because foreign securities trade on days when Fund shares are not priced, the value of securities held by a Fund can change on days when Fund shares cannot be redeemed. The investment adviser or sub-adviser expects to use fair value pricing primarily when a security is not priced by a pricing service or the pricing service or pricing system price is deemed unreliable. The investment adviser or sub-adviser may also fair value price foreign securities under the circumstances described above. Eaton Vance has established a Valuation Committee that oversees the valuation of investments.
Purchasing Shares
You may purchase shares through your financial intermediary or by mailing an account application form to the transfer agent (see back cover for address). Purchase orders will be executed at the net asset value (plus any applicable sales charge) next determined after their receipt in proper form (meaning that they are complete and contain all necessary information) by a Funds transfer agent. A Funds transfer agent or your financial intermediary must receive your purchase in proper form no later than the close of regular trading on the Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m. eastern time) for your purchase to be effected at that days net asset value. If you purchase shares through a financial intermediary, that intermediary may charge you a fee for executing the purchase for you.
Each Fund may suspend the sale of its shares at any time and any purchase order may be refused for any reason. The funds sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization (the Eaton Vance funds ) do not accept investments from residents of the European Union or Switzerland. The funds also do not accept investments from other non-U.S. residents, provided that a fund may accept investments from certain non-U.S. investors at the discretion of the principal underwriter. The Funds do not issue share certificates.
Investor Class Shares
Your initial investment must be at least $1,000. After your initial investment, additional investments may be made in any amount at any time by sending a check payable to the order of the Fund or the transfer agent directly to the transfer agent (see back cover for address). Please include your name and account number and the name of the Fund and Class of shares with each investment. You also may make additional investments by accessing your account via the Eaton Vance website at www.eatonvance.com. Purchases made through the Internet from a pre-designated bank account will have a trade date that is the first business day after the purchase is requested (provided the request is submitted no later than the close of regular trading on the Exchange). For more information about purchasing shares through the Internet, please call 1-800-260-0761 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time).
You may make automatic investments of $50 or more each month or each quarter from your bank account. You can establish bank automated investing on the account application or by providing written instructions. Please call 1-800-260-0761 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time) for further information. The minimum initial investment amount and Fund policy of redeeming accounts with low account balances are waived for bank automated investing accounts
,
certain group purchase plans (including
employer sponsored
retirement
plans and proprietary fee-based programs sponsored by
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
22
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
financial intermediaries) and for persons affiliated with Eaton Vance, its affiliates and certain Fund service providers (as described in the Statement of Additional Information).
As used throughout this Prospectus, the term employer sponsored retirement plan includes the following: an employer sponsored pension or profit sharing plan that qualifies under section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code (such as a 401(k) plan, money purchase pension, profit sharing and defined benefit plan); ERISA covered 403(b) plan; TaftHartley multi-employer plan; and non-qualified deferred compensation arrangements that operate in a similar manner to a qualified retirement plan (including 457 plans and executive deferred compensation arrangements). Individual Retirement Accounts are not employer sponsored retirement plans for purposes of this definition.
Institutional Class Shares
Institutional Class shares are offered to clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Institutional Class shares through a no-load network or platform. Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and
employer sponsored
retirement plans
.
Institutional Class shares also are offered to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates and certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance and certain Fund service providers. Your initial investment must be at least $50,000. Subsequent investments of any amount may be made at any time, including through automatic investment each month or quarter from your bank account. You may make automatic investments of $50 or more each month or each quarter from your bank account. You can establish bank automated investing on the account application or by providing written instructions. Please call 1-800-260-0761 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time) for further information.
The minimum initial investment is waived for persons affiliated with Eaton Vance, its affiliates and certain Fund service providers (as described in the Statement of Additional Information). The minimum initial investment also is waived for
: (i)
permitted exchanges
; (ii) employer sponsored retirement plans; (iii) corporations, endowments and foundations with assets of at least $100 million; and (iv)
individual accounts of a financial intermediary that charges an ongoing fee for its services or offers Institutional Class shares through a no-load network or platform (in each case, as described above), provided the aggregate value of such accounts invested in Institutional Class shares is at least $50,000 (or is anticipated by the principal underwriter to reach $50,000
).
Institutional Class shares may be purchased through a financial intermediary or by requesting your bank to transmit immediately available funds (Federal Funds) by wire. To make an initial investment by wire, you must complete an account application and telephone Eaton Vance Shareholder Services at 1-800-260-0761 to be assigned an account number. You may request an account application by calling 1-800-260-0761 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time). Shareholder Services must be advised by telephone of each additional investment by wire.
Restrictions on Excessive Trading and Market Timing. The Funds are not intended for excessive trading or market timing. Market timers seek to profit by rapidly switching money into a fund when they expect the share price of the fund to rise and taking money out of the fund when they expect those prices to fall. By realizing profits through short-term trading, shareholders that engage in rapid purchases and sales (including exchanges, if permitted) of a funds shares may dilute the value of shares held by long-term shareholders. Volatility resulting from excessive purchases and sales of fund shares, especially involving large dollar amounts, may disrupt efficient portfolio management. In particular, excessive purchases and sales of a funds shares may cause a fund to have difficulty implementing its investment strategies, may force the fund to sell portfolio securities at inopportune times to raise cash or may cause increased expenses (such as increased brokerage costs, realization of taxable capital gains without attaining any investment advantage or increased administrative costs).
A fund that invests all or a portion of its assets in foreign securities may be susceptible to a time zone arbitrage strategy in which shareholders attempt to take advantage of fund share prices that may not reflect developments in a foreign securities market that occur after the close of such market but prior to the pricing of fund shares. In addition, a fund that invests in securities that are, among other things, thinly traded, traded infrequently or relatively illiquid (including restricted securities, certain derivative instruments and commodity-linked derivative instruments or other investments not priced by a pricing service) is susceptible to the risk that the current market price for such securities may not accurately reflect current market values. A shareholder may seek to engage in short-term trading to take advantage of these pricing differences (commonly referred to as price arbitrage). The investment adviser and sub-adviser are authorized to use the fair value of a security if prices are unavailable or are deemed unreliable (see Valuing Shares). The use of fair value pricing and the restrictions on excessive trading and market timing described below are intended to reduce a shareholders ability to engage in price or time zone arbitrage to the detriment of the Funds.
The Boards of the
Eaton Vance
funds
have adopted policies to discourage short-term trading and market timing and to seek to minimize their potentially detrimental effects. Pursuant to these policies,
an
Eaton Vance fund shareholder who,
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
23
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
through one or more accounts
, completes two
round-
trips within 90 days generally will be deemed to be market timing or trading excessively in fund shares. Two round-trips within 90 days means either (1)
a purchase
of fund shares
followed
by a redemption
of fund shares followed by a purchase followed by a
redemption
or
(2) a redemption of fund shares followed
by a purchase
of fund shares followed by a redemption followed by a
purchase
, in either case with the final transaction in the sequence occurring within 90 days of the initial transaction in the sequence. Purchases and redemptions subject to the limitation include those made by exchanging to or from another fund.
Under the policies, each Fund or its
sub-transfer agent or
principal underwriter will reject or cancel a purchase order, suspend or terminate an exchange privilege or terminate the ability of an investor to invest in the Eaton Vance funds if the Fund or the principal underwriter determines that a proposed transaction involves market timing or excessive trading that it believes is likely to be detrimental to the Fund. Each Fund and its principal underwriter use reasonable efforts to detect market timing and excessive trading activity, but they cannot ensure that they will be able to identify all cases of market timing and excessive trading. Each Fund or its principal underwriter may also reject or cancel any purchase order (including an exchange) from an investor or group of investors for any other reason. Decisions to reject or cancel purchase orders (including exchanges) in a Fund are inherently subjective and will be made in a manner believed to be in the best interest of a Funds shareholders. No Eaton Vance fund has any arrangement to permit market timing.
The following fund share transactions (to the extent permitted by a funds prospectus) generally are exempt from the market timing and excessive trading policy described above because they generally do not raise market timing or excessive trading concerns:
transactions made pursuant to a systematic purchase plan or as the result of automatic reinvestment of dividends or distributions, or initiated by a Fund (e.g., for failure to meet applicable account minimums);
transactions made by participants in employer sponsored retirement plans involving participant payroll or employer contributions or loan repayments, redemptions as part of plan terminations or at the direction of the plan, mandatory retirement distributions, or rollovers;
transactions made by model-based discretionary advisory accounts; or
transactions made by an Eaton Vance fund that is structured as a fund-of-funds
,
provided the transactions are in response to fund inflows and outflows or are part of a reallocation of fund assets in accordance with its investment policies.
It may be difficult for a Fund or the principal underwriter to identify market timing or excessive trading in omnibus accounts traded through financial intermediaries. The Funds and the principal underwriter have provided guidance to financial intermediaries (such as banks, broker-dealers, insurance companies and retirement administrators) concerning the application of the Eaton Vance funds market timing and excessive trading policies to Fund shares held in omnibus accounts maintained and administered by such intermediaries, including guidance concerning situations where market timing or excessive trading is considered to be detrimental to a Fund. Each Fund or its principal underwriter may rely on a financial intermediarys policy to restrict market timing and excessive trading if it believes that policy is likely to prevent market timing that is likely to be detrimental to the Fund. Such policy may be more or less restrictive than a Funds policy. Although each Fund or the principal underwriter reviews trading activity at the omnibus account level for activity that indicates potential market timing or excessive trading activity, the Funds and the principal underwriter typically will not request or receive individual account data unless suspicious trading activity is identified. Each Fund and the principal underwriter generally rely on financial intermediaries to monitor trading activity in omnibus accounts in good faith in accordance with their own or Fund policies. Each Fund and the principal underwriter cannot ensure that these financial intermediaries will in all cases apply the policies of the Fund or their own policies, as the case may be, to accounts under their control.
Choosing a Share Class. Each Fund offers different classes of shares. The different classes of shares represent investments in the same portfolio of securities, but the classes are subject to different expenses and will likely have different share prices due to differences in class expenses. A share class also may be subject to a sales charge. In choosing the class of shares that suits your investment needs, you should consider:
how long you expect to own your shares;
how much you intend to invest; and
the total operating expenses associated with owning each class.
Each investors considerations are different. You should speak with your financial intermediary to help you decide which class of shares is best for you. Set forth below is a brief description of each class of shares offered by the Funds.
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
24
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Investor Class shares are offered at net asset value. Investor Class shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 0.25% annually of average daily net assets.
Institutional Class shares
are offered to clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Institutional Class shares through a no-load network or platform. Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and
employer sponsored retirement
plans
.
Institutional Class shares are also offered to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates and certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance and certain Fund service providers.
Institutional Class shares do not pay distribution or service fees.
Payments to Financial Intermediaries. In addition to payments disclosed under “ Sales Charges ” below, the principal underwriter, out of its own resources, may make cash payments to certain financial intermediaries who provide marketing support, transaction processing and/or administrative services and, in some cases, include some or all Eaton Vance funds in preferred or specialized selling programs. Payments made by the principal underwriter to a financial intermediary may be significant and are typically in the form of fees based on Fund sales, assets, transactions processed and/or accounts attributable to that financial intermediary. Financial intermediaries also may receive amounts from the principal underwriter in connection with educational or due diligence meetings that include information concerning Eaton Vance funds. The principal underwriter may pay or allow other promotional incentives or payments to financial intermediaries to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations.
Certain financial intermediaries that maintain fund accounts for the benefit of their customers provide sub-accounting, recordkeeping and/or administrative services to the Eaton Vance funds and are compensated for such services by the funds. As used in this Prospectus, the term financial intermediary includes any broker, dealer, bank (including bank trust departments), registered investment adviser, financial planner, a retirement plan and/or its administrator, their designated intermediaries and any other firm having a selling, administration or similar agreement with the principal underwriter or its affiliates.
Sales Charges
Investor and Institutional Class shares are offered at net asset value per share. Class C shares of Absolute Return Fund that converted to Investor Class shares are subject to a 1.00% contingent deferred sales charge or CDSC if redeemed within one year of purchase. CDSCs are based on the lower of the net asset value at the time of purchase or at the time of redemption. Shares acquired through the reinvestment of distributions are exempt from CDSC. Redemptions are made first from shares that are not subject to a CDSC. CDSCs may be waived under certain limited conditions.
Distribution and Service Fees.
Investor Class shares have in effect a plan under Rule 12b-1 that allows each Fund to pay distribution fees for the sale and distribution of shares (so-called 12b-1 fees) and service fees for personal and/or shareholder account services. Investor Class shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 0.25% of average daily net assets annually. After the sale of shares, the principal underwriter receives the distribution and service fees for one year and thereafter financial intermediaries generally receive
0.25% annually of average daily net assets
based on the value of shares sold by such
financial intermediaries
for shareholder servicing performed by such
intermediaries. Distribution and service fees are subject to the limitations contained in the sales charge rule of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority.
More information about sales charges is available free of charge on the Eaton Vance website at www.eatonvance.com and in the Statement of Additional Information. Please consult the Eaton Vance website for any updates to sales charge information before making a purchase of Fund shares.
You can redeem shares in any of the following ways:
By Mail |
Send your request to the transfer agent. The request must be signed exactly as your account is registered (for instance, a joint account must be signed by all registered owners to be accepted) and a Medallion signature guarantee may be required. You can obtain a Medallion signature guarantee at banks, savings and loan institutions, credit unions, securities dealers, securities exchanges, clearing agencies and registered securities associations that participate in The Securities Transfer Agents Medallion Program, Inc. (STAMP, Inc.). Only Medallion signature guarantees issued in accordance with STAMP, Inc. will be accepted. You may be asked to provide additional documents if your shares are registered in the name of a corporation, partnership or fiduciary. |
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
25
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
If you redeem shares, your redemption price will be based on the net asset value per share next computed after the redemption request is received in proper form (meaning that it is complete and contains all necessary information) by a Funds transfer agent or your financial intermediary. Your redemption proceeds normally will be paid in cash within seven days, reduced by the amount of any federal income and state tax required to be withheld. Payments will be sent by regular mail. However, if you have given complete written authorization in advance, you may request that the redemption proceeds be wired directly to your bank account. The bank designated may be any bank in the United States. The request may be made by calling 1-800-260-0761 or by sending a Medallion signature guaranteed letter of instruction to the transfer agent (see back cover for address). Certain redemption requests including those involving shares held by certain corporations, trusts or certain other entities and shares that are subject to certain fiduciary arrangements may require additional documentation and may be redeemed only by mail. You may be required to pay the costs of such transaction by a Fund or your bank. No costs are currently charged by a Fund. However, charges may apply for expedited mail delivery services. Each Fund may suspend or terminate the expedited payment procedure upon at least 30 days notice.
If you recently purchased shares, the proceeds of a redemption will not be sent until the purchase check (including a certified or cashiers check) has cleared. If the purchase check has not cleared, redemption proceeds may be delayed up to 15 days from the purchase date. If your account value falls below $750 (other than due to market decline), you may be asked either to add to your account or redeem it within 60 days. If you take no action, your account will be redeemed and the proceeds sent to you.
While redemption proceeds are normally paid in cash, redemptions may be paid by distributing marketable securities. If you receive securities, you could incur brokerage or other charges in converting the securities to cash.
Shareholder Account Features
Distributions. You may have your Fund distributions paid in one of the following ways:
Full Reinvest Option |
Distributions are reinvested in additional shares. This option will be assigned if you do not specify an option. |
Partial Reinvest Option |
Dividends are paid in cash and capital gains are reinvested in additional shares. |
Cash Option |
Distributions are paid in cash. |
Exchange Option |
Distributions are reinvested in additional shares of any class of another Eaton Vance fund chosen by you, subject to the terms of that funds prospectus. Before selecting this option, you must obtain a prospectus of the other fund and consider its objectives, risks, and charges and expenses carefully. |
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
26
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Information about
the Funds
.
From time to time, you may receive the following:
Semiannual and annual reports containing a list of portfolio holdings as of the end of the second and fourth fiscal quarters, respectively, performance information and financial statements.
Periodic account statements, showing recent activity and total share balance.
Tax information needed to prepare your income tax returns.
Proxy materials, in the event a shareholder vote is required.
Special notices about significant events affecting your Fund.
Most fund information (including semiannual and annual reports, prospectuses and proxy statements) as well as your periodic account statements can be delivered electronically. For more information please go to www.eatonvance.com/edelivery.
The Eaton Vance funds have established policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of portfolio holdings and other information concerning Fund characteristics. A description of these policies and procedures is provided below and additionally in the Statement of Additional Information. Such policies and procedures regarding disclosure of portfolio holdings are designed to prevent the misuse of material, non-public information about the funds.
Each Fund will file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) a list of its portfolio holdings as of the end of the first and third fiscal quarters on Form N-Q. Each Funds annual and semiannual reports (as filed on Form N-CSR) and each Form N-Q may be viewed on the SECs website (www.sec.gov). The most recent fiscal quarter-end holdings may also be viewed on the Eaton Vance website (www.eatonvance.com). Portfolio holdings information that is filed with the SEC is posted on the Eaton Vance website approximately 60 days after the end of the quarter to which it relates. Portfolio holdings information as of each month end is posted to the website approximately one month after such month end
.
Each Fund also posts information about certain portfolio characteristics (such as top ten holdings and asset allocation) at least quarterly on the Eaton Vance website approximately ten business days after the period and each Fund may also post performance attribution as of a month end or more frequently if deemed appropriate.
Withdrawal Plan. You may redeem shares on a regular periodic basis by establishing a systematic withdrawal plan.
Exchange Privilege.
You may exchange your Fund shares for shares of the same Class of another Eaton Vance fund. For purposes of exchanges among Eaton Vance funds, Class A and Class I shares are deemed to be the same as Investor Class and Institutional Class shares, respectively, of other Eaton Vance funds. Exchanges are made at net asset value. If your shares are subject to a CDSC, the CDSC will continue to apply to your new shares at the same CDSC rate. For purposes of the CDSC, your shares will continue to age from the date of your original purchase of Fund shares. Any class of shares of a fund may be exchanged for any other class of shares of that fund, provided that the shares being exchanged are no longer subject to a CDSC and the conditions for investing in the other class of shares described in the applicable prospectus are satisfied.
Before exchanging, you should read the prospectus of the new fund carefully. Exchanges are subject to the terms applicable to purchases of the new funds shares as set forth in its prospectus. If you wish to exchange shares, write to the transfer agent (see back cover for address), log on to your account at www.eatonvance.com or call 1-800-260-0761. Periodic automatic exchanges are also available. The exchange privilege may be changed or discontinued at any time. You will receive at least 60 days notice of any material change to the privilege. This privilege may not be used for market timing and may be terminated for market timing accounts or for any other reason. For additional information, see Restrictions on Excessive Trading and Market Timing under Purchasing Shares. Ordinarily exchanges between different funds are taxable transactions for federal tax purposes, while permitted exchanges of one class for shares of another class of the same fund are not. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors regarding the applicability of federal, state, local and other taxes to transactions in Fund shares.
Reinvestment Privilege. If you redeem shares, you may reinvest at net asset value all or any portion of the redemption proceeds in the same class of shares of the Fund you redeemed from, provided that the reinvestment occurs within 60 days of the redemption, and the privilege has not been used more than once in the prior 12 months. Under these circumstances your account will be credited with any CDSC paid in connection with the redemption. Any CDSC period applicable to the shares you acquire upon reinvestment will run from the date of your original share purchase. Reinvestment requests must be in writing. At the time of a reinvestment, you or your financial intermediary must notify the Fund or the transfer agent that you are reinvesting redemption proceeds in accordance with this privilege. If you reinvest, your purchase will be at the next determined net asset value following receipt of your request.
Telephone and Electronic Transactions. You can redeem or (if permitted) exchange shares by telephone as described in this Prospectus. In addition, certain transactions may be conducted through the Eaton Vance website. The transfer agent and the principal underwriter have procedures in place to authenticate telephone and electronic instructions (such as using security codes or verifying personal account information). As long as the transfer agent and principal underwriter follow reasonable
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
27
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
procedures, they will not be responsible for unauthorized telephone or electronic transactions and you bear the risk of possible loss resulting from these transactions. You may decline the telephone redemption option on the account application. Telephone instructions are recorded.
Street Name Accounts. If your shares are held in a street name account at a financial intermediary, that intermediary (and not the Fund or its transfer agent) will perform all recordkeeping, transaction processing and distribution payments. Because the Fund does not maintain an account for you, you should contact your financial intermediary to make transactions in shares, make changes in your account, or obtain account information. You will not be able to utilize a number of shareholder features, such as telephone or internet transactions, directly with a Fund and certain features may be subject to different requirements. If you transfer shares in a street name account to an account with another financial intermediary or to an account directly with a Fund, you should obtain historical information about your shares prior to the transfer.
Procedures for Opening New Accounts. To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, federal law requires financial institutions to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each new customer who opens a Fund account and to determine whether such persons name appears on government lists of known or suspected terrorists or terrorist organizations. When you open an account, the transfer agent or your financial intermediary will ask you for your name, address, date of birth (for individuals), residential or business street address (although post office boxes are still permitted for mailing) and social security number, taxpayer identification number, or other government-issued identifying number. You also may be asked to produce a copy of your drivers license, passport or other identifying documents in order to verify your identity. In addition, it may be necessary to verify your identity by cross-referencing your identification information with a consumer report or other electronic databases. Other information or documents may be required to open accounts for corporations and other entities. Federal law prohibits a Fund and other financial institutions from opening a new account unless they receive the minimum identifying information described above. If a person fails to provide the information requested, any application by that person to open a new account will be rejected. Moreover, if the transfer agent or the financial intermediary is unable to verify the identity of a person based on information provided by that person, it may take additional steps including, but not limited to, requesting additional information or documents from the person, closing the persons account or reporting the matter to the appropriate federal authorities. If your account is closed for this reason, your shares may be automatically redeemed at the net asset value next determined. If a Funds net asset value has decreased since your purchase, you will lose money as a result of this redemption. Each Fund has also designated an anti-money laundering compliance officer.
Account Questions. If you have any questions about your account or the services available, please call Eaton Vance Shareholder Services at 1-800-260-0761 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time), or write to the transfer agent (see back cover for address).
Additional Tax Information
Each Fund
expects to pay any required
dividends at least once annually and intends to
distribute any net
capital gains annually, if any. Different classes may distribute different amounts. Distributions cannot be assured, and the amount of each distribution may vary. The Funds distributions in any year may differ from annual net investment income and net gains.
Distributions of investment income and net gains from investments held for one year or less will be taxable as ordinary income. Distributions of any net gains from investments held for more than one year are taxable as long-term capital gains. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long a Fund owned the investments that generated the gains, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her shares in the Fund. A majority of a Funds distributions may be taxed as ordinary income. A Funds distributions are taxable whether they are paid in cash or reinvested in additional shares.
The unearned income of certain U.S. individuals, estates and trusts is subject to a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax. For individuals, the tax is on the lesser of the net investment income and the excess of modified adjusted gross income over $200,000 (or $250,000 if married filing jointly). Net investment income includes, among other things, interest, dividends, and gross income and capital gains derived from passive activities and trading in securities or commodities. Net investment income is reduced by deductions properly allocable to this income.
For positions in index options and other instruments that qualify as section 1256 contracts, Code Section 1256 generally requires any gain or loss arising from the lapse, closing out or exercise of such positions to be treated as 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gain or loss. In addition, the Absolute Return Fund generally will be required to mark to market (i.e., treat as sold for fair market value) each outstanding index option position at the close of each taxable year (and on October 31 of each year for excise tax purposes). If a section 1256 contract held by the Absolute Return Fund at the end of a taxable year is sold or closed out in a subsequent year, the amount of any gain or loss realized on such sale will be adjusted to reflect the gain or loss previously taken into account under the mark to market rules. In addition to most exchange-traded index options, section 1256 contracts under the Code include certain other options contracts, certain regulated futures contracts, and certain other financial contracts.
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
28
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Positions in index options that do not qualify as section 1256 contracts under the Code, such as options on SPDRs, generally will be treated as equity options governed by Code Section 1234. Pursuant to Code Section 1234, if a written option expires unexercised, the premium received is short-term capital gain to the Absolute Return Fund. If the Absolute Return Fund enters into a closing transaction with respect to a written option, the difference between the premium received and the amount paid to close out its position is short-term capital gain or loss. If an option written by the Absolute Return Fund that is not a section 1256 contract is cash settled, any resulting gain or loss will be short-term. For an option purchased by the Absolute Return Fund that is not a section 1256 contract, any gain or loss resulting from sale of the option will be a capital gain or loss, and will be short-term or long-term, depending upon the holding period for the option. If the option expires, the resulting loss is a capital loss and is short-term or long-term, depending upon the holding period for the option. If a put option written by the Absolute Return Fund is exercised and physically settled, the premium received is treated as a reduction in the amount paid to acquire the underlying securities, increasing the gain or decreasing the loss to be realized by the Absolute Return Fund upon sale of the securities. If a call option written by the Absolute Return Fund is exercised and physically settled, the premium received is included in the sale proceeds, increasing the gain or decreasing the loss realized by the Fund at the time of option exercise.
One of the requirements for favorable tax treatment as a regulated investment company under the Code is that a Fund derive at least 90% of its gross income from certain qualifying sources of income. The Commodity Strategy Fund has submitted a request to the IRS for a private letter ruling that income from alternative investment instruments (such as certain commodity index-linked notes) that create commodity exposure may be considered qualifying income under the Code. The Commodity Strategy Fund also has requested a ruling that income derived from the Funds investment in the Subsidiary will also constitute qualifying income to the Fund.
Investments in foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes or other foreign taxes with respect to income (possibly including, in some cases, capital gains), which may decrease the yield on those securities. These taxes may be reduced or eliminated under the terms of an applicable tax treaty. Shareholders generally will not be entitled to claim a credit or deduction with respect to such foreign taxes paid. In addition, investments in foreign securities or foreign currencies may increase or accelerate the Funds recognition of ordinary income and may affect the timing or amount of a Funds distributions.
Certain foreign entities may be subject to a 30% withholding tax on dividend income paid after
June 30, 2014
and on redemption proceeds paid after December 31, 2016 under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA). To avoid withholding, foreign financial institutions subject to FATCA must agree to disclose to the relevant revenue authorities certain information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. owners and other foreign entities must certify certain information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. owners to the Fund. For more detailed information regarding FATCA withholding and compliance, please refer to the Statement of Additional Information.
Investors who purchase shares at a time when a Funds net asset value reflects gains that are either unrealized or realized but not distributed will pay the full price for the shares and then may receive some portion of the purchase price back as a taxable distribution. Certain distributions paid in January may be taxable to shareholders as if received on December 31 of the prior year. A redemption of Fund shares, including an exchange for shares of another fund, is a taxable transaction.
A Fund may be required to withhold, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, 28% of the dividends, distributions and redemption proceeds payable to shareholders who fail to provide the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification number or make required certifications, or who have been notified by the Internal Revenue Service that they are subject to backup withholding. Certain shareholders are exempt from backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amount withheld may be credited against a shareholders U.S. federal income tax liability.
Shareholders should consult with their tax advisors concerning the applicability of federal, state, local and other taxes to an investment.
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
29
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights
The financial highlights are intended to help you understand a Funds financial performance for the period(s) indicated. Certain information in the tables reflects the financial results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the tables represent the rate an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in a Fund (assuming reinvestment of all distributions at net asset value). This information has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm. The report of Deloitte & Touche LLP and each Funds financial statements are incorporated herein by reference and included in the Funds annual report, which is available upon request. Effective March 1, 2013, Class A
was renamed
Investor Class and Class I
was renamed
Institutional Class.
|
||||
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|||
|
2013 |
2012 |
||
|
Investor Class |
Institutional Class |
Investor Class |
Institutional Class |
Net asset value - Beginning of year |
$10.200 |
$10.230 |
$10.410 |
$10.440 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
Net investment loss (2) |
$(0.089) |
$(0.068) |
$(0.095) |
$(0.071) |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
(0.555) |
(0.556) |
0.871 |
0.877 |
Total income (loss) from operations |
$(0.644) |
$(0.624) |
$0.776 |
$0.806 |
Less Distributions |
|
|
|
|
From net investment income |
|
|
$(0.010) |
$(0.040) |
From net realized gain |
$(0.086) |
$(0.086) |
(0.976) |
$(0.976) |
Total distributions |
$(0.086) |
$(0.086) |
$(0.986) |
$(1.016) |
Net asset value - End of year |
$9.470 |
$9.520 |
$10.200 |
$10.230 |
Total Return (3) |
(6.23)% (15) |
(6.11)% (15) |
7.56% |
7.84% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of year (000s omitted) |
$35,270 |
$34,813 |
$23,812 |
$33,412 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
Expenses (5)(6) |
1.45% |
1.20% |
1.54% |
1.29% |
Net investment loss |
(0.91)% |
(0.69)% |
(0.90)% |
(0.66)% |
Portfolio Turnover |
85% |
85% |
62% |
62% |
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
30
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
Parametric Absolute Return Fund |
|||
|
Year Ended December 31, |
Period Ended December 31, |
||
|
2011 |
2010 (1) |
||
|
Investor Class |
Institutional Class |
Investor Class |
Institutional Class |
Net asset value - Beginning of period |
$10.040 |
$10.050 |
$10.000 |
$10.000 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
Net investment loss (2) |
$(0.100) |
$(0.076) |
$(0.028) |
$(0.028) |
Net realized and unrealized gain |
0.488 |
0.484 |
0.085 |
0.095 |
Total income from operations |
$0.388 |
$0.408 |
$0.057 |
$0.067 |
Less Distributions |
|
|
|
|
From net realized gain |
$(0.018) |
$(0.018) |
$(0.017) |
$(0.017) |
Total distributions |
$(0.018) |
$(0.018) |
$(0.017) |
$(0.017) |
Net asset value - End of period |
$10.410 |
$10.440 |
$10.040 |
$10.050 |
Total Return (3) |
3.87% |
4.06% |
0.57% (4) |
0.67% (4) |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$34,003 |
$38,998 |
$7,080 |
$25,112 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
Expenses (5)(6) |
1.75% |
1.50% |
1.75% (10) |
1.50% (10) |
Net investment loss |
(0.98)% |
(0.74)% |
(1.10)% (10) |
(1.09)% (10) |
Portfolio Turnover |
103% |
103% |
31% (4) |
31% (4) |
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
31
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
Parametric Commodity Strategy Fund |
||||
|
Year Ended December 31, |
Period Ended December 31, |
|||
|
2013 |
2012 |
2011 (7) |
||
|
Investor Class |
Institutional Class |
Investor Class (12) |
Institutional Class |
Institutional Class |
Net asset value - Beginning of period |
$8.460 |
$8.470 |
$8.800 |
$8.600 |
$10.000 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment loss (2) |
$(0.068) |
$(0.049) |
$(0.076) |
$(0.055) |
$(0.038) |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
(0.832) |
(0.831) |
0.052 |
0.252 |
(1.339) |
Total income (loss) from operations |
$(0.900) |
$(0.880) |
$(0.024) |
$0.197 |
$(1.377) |
Less Distributions |
|
|
|
|
|
From net investment income |
$ |
$ |
$(0.081) |
$(0.084) |
$(0.023) |
From net realized gain |
|
|
(0.003) |
(0.003) |
|
Tax return of capital |
|
|
(0.232) |
(0.240) |
|
Total distributions |
$ |
$ |
$(0.316) |
$(0.327) |
$(0.023) |
Net asset value - End of period |
$7.560 |
$7.590 |
$8.460 |
$8.470 |
$8.600 |
Total Return (3) |
(10.64)% |
(10.39)% |
(0.27)% (4) |
2.30% |
(13.77)% (4)(8) |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$2,280 |
$84,073 |
$683 |
$78,938 |
$29,701 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses (6) |
1.00% (13) |
0.75% (11) |
1.00% (10) (13) |
0.75% (11) |
0.75% (10) (11) |
Net investment loss |
(0.87)% |
(0.62)% |
(0.87)% (10) |
(0.63)% |
(0.67)% (10) |
Portfolio Turnover |
2,797% (9) |
2,797% (9) |
3,455% (9)(14) |
3,455% (9) |
1,732% (4)(9) |
(1)
For the period from the start of business, September 30, 2010, to December 31, 2010.
(2)
Computed using average shares outstanding.
(3)
Returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value with all distributions reinvested and do not reflect the effect of sales charges, if
any
.
(4)
Not annualized.
(5)
The investment adviser and administrator and/or the sub-adviser reimbursed certain operating expenses (equal to 0.
29%, 0.
28%, 0.05% and 1.45% of average daily net assets for the
years
ended December 31
, 2013
, 2012 and 2011 and the period ended December 31, 2010, respectively). Absent these reimbursements, total return would be lower.
(6)
Excludes the effect of custody fee credits, if any, of less than 0.005%.
(7)
For the period from the start of business, May 25, 2011, to December 31, 2011.
(8)
During the period ended December 31, 2011, the Fund received a payment made by an affiliate for a trading error which amounted to $0.024 per share. Had the Fund not received this payment, total return would have been lower by 0.20%.
(9)
Excluding the Funds investment in exchange-traded notes, which are used as temporary cash investments but offer commodity exposure, the portfolio turnover would be 0%.
(10)
Annualized.
(11)
The investment adviser,
administrator
and sub-adviser
reimbursed certain operating expenses (equal to 0.
39%, 0.
43% and 1.90% of average daily net assets for the
years
ended December 31,
2013 and
2012 and for the period ended December 31, 2011, respectively)..
(12)
For the period from the commencement of operations, January 3, 2012, to December 31, 2012.
(13)
The investment adviser,
administrator
and sub-adviser
reimbursed certain operating expenses (equal to 0.
39% and 0.
43% of average daily net assets for the
year ended December 31, 2013 and for the
period ended December 31, 2012
, respectively
).
(14)
For the year ended December 31, 2012.
(15)
During the year ended December 31, 2013, the Fund received payment made by an affiliate for a trading error which amounted to $0.03 per share. Had the Fund not received this payment, total return would have been lower by 0.30%.
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
32
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
More Information
About the Funds: More information is available in the Statement of Additional Information. The Statement of Additional Information is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus. Additional information about each Funds investments is available in the annual and semiannual reports to shareholders. In the annual report, you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected each Funds performance during the past fiscal year. You may obtain free copies of the Statement of Additional Information and the shareholder reports on Eaton Vances website at www.eatonvance.com or by contacting the principal underwriter:
Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc.
Two International Place
Boston, MA 02110
1-800-260-0761
website: www.eatonvance.com
You will find and may copy information about each Fund (including the Statement of Additional Information and shareholder reports): at the SECs public reference room in Washington, DC (call 1-800-732-0330 for information on the operation of the public reference room); on the EDGAR Database on the SECs website (www.sec.gov); or, upon payment of copying fees, by writing to the SECs Public Reference Section, 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549-0102, or by electronic mail at publicinfo@sec.gov.
Shareholder Inquiries: You can obtain more information from Eaton Vance Shareholder Services or the Fund transfer agent, BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. If you own shares and would like to add to, redeem or change your account, please write or call below:
Regular Mailing Address:
|
|
Overnight Mailing Address:
|
|
Phone Number:
|
The Investment Company Act No. of Parametric Absolute Return Fund is 811-01545 and the Investment Company Act No. of Parametric Commodity Strategy Fund is 811-04015. |
|
5743 5.1.14 |
© 2014 Eaton Vance Management |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
Class A Shares - EACSX
Class C Shares - ECCSX
Class I Shares
-
EICSX
A non-diversified fund seeking total return
Prospectus Dated
May 1,
2014
The Securities and Exchange Commission
and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission have
not approved or disapproved these securities or determined whether this Prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Information in this Prospectus
|
Page |
|
Page |
Fund Summary |
2 |
Investment Objective & Principal Policies and Risks |
8 |
Investment Objective |
2 |
Management and Organization |
14 |
Fees and Expenses of the Fund |
2 |
Valuing Shares |
15 |
Portfolio Turnover |
2 |
Purchasing Shares |
15 |
Principal Investment Strategies |
2 |
Sales Charges |
18 |
Principal Risks |
3 |
Redeeming Shares |
20 |
Performance |
6 |
Shareholder Account Features |
21 |
Management |
7 |
Additional Tax Information |
22 |
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares |
7 |
Financial Highlights |
24 |
Tax Information |
7 |
|
|
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries |
7 |
|
|
This Prospectus contains important information about the Fund and the services
available to shareholders. Please save it for reference.
Investment Objective
The Funds investment objective is total return.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for a reduced sales charge if you invest, or agree to invest over a 13-month period, at least $50,000 in Eaton Vance funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in Sales Charges beginning on page 18 of this Prospectus and page 19 of the Funds Statement of Additional Information.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) |
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of offering price) |
4.75% |
None |
None |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at purchase or redemption) |
None |
1.00% |
None |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Management Fees of the Fund and Subsidiary |
1.04% |
1.04% |
1.04% |
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.25% |
1.00% |
n/a |
Other Expenses (of the Fund and Subsidiary) |
|
|
|
Other Expenses of the Fund |
0.18% |
0.18% |
0.18% |
Other Expenses of the Subsidiary |
0.01 % |
0.01 % |
0.01 % |
Total Other Expenses |
0.19 % |
0.19 % |
0.19 % |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
1.48% |
2.23% |
1.23% |
Example.
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
|
Expenses with Redemption |
Expenses without Redemption |
||||||
|
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
Class A shares |
$ 618 |
$ 921 |
$ 1,245 |
$ 2,159 |
$ 618 |
$ 921 |
$ 1,245 |
$ 2,159 |
Class C shares |
$ 326 |
$ 697 |
$ 1,195 |
$ 2,565 |
$ 226 |
$ 697 |
$ 1,195 |
$ 2,565 |
Class I shares |
$ 125 |
$ 390 |
$ 676 |
$ 1,489 |
$ 125 |
$ 390 |
$ 676 |
$ 1,489 |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over the portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was
264
% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
Under normal market conditions, the Fund pursues its investment objective by (i) gaining exposure to a broad-based basket of commodities through commodity-linked derivative instruments, and (ii) seeking to generate excess returns by investing in long and short positions in (a) selected commodity-linked derivative instruments; (b) inflation-linked securities and derivatives; and (c) corporate and sovereign bonds of U.S. and foreign issuers, including those located in emerging markets. In addition, the Fund may invest in long and short equity exposures up to a gross notional amount of 10% of its total net assets. The Fund may invest up to 33% of its total assets in securities denominated in foreign currencies and may invest beyond this limit in U.S. dollar-denominated securities of foreign issuers.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
2
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Commodity-linked derivative instruments include commodity index-linked swap agreements, commodity index-linked notes, commodity options and futures and options on futures that provide exposure to the investment returns of commodity markets, without investing directly in physical commodities. Commodity index-linked notes may be leveraged or unleveraged. The Fund seeks to gain exposure to commodity markets, in whole or in part, through investments in Eaton Vance CSF Commodity Subsidiary, Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Fund organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands (the Subsidiary) with the same investment objective and principal investment strategies as the Fund.
The Fund may invest in fixed-income securities of any credit rating, including those rated below investment grade (commonly referred to as junk bonds). The Funds investment in securities rated below B (by Moodys Investors Service, Inc., or equivalently rated by Standard & Poors Ratings Services or Fitch Ratings, or, if unrated, determined by the sub-adviser to be of comparable quality) will not exceed 15% of the Funds net assets. For purposes of rating restrictions, if securities are rated differently by the rating agencies, the higher rating is used. The Fund may also achieve or limit credit exposure using derivatives (as described below). The average portfolio duration of the Funds fixed-income portfolio will vary based primarily on the sub-advisers interest rate outlook, and under normal market conditions is not expected to exceed ten years, and may have negative duration. Typically, the Fund maintains a duration of less than or equal to four years.
The Fund expects to achieve certain exposures primarily through derivative transactions, including (but not limited to) forwards, futures and options on securities, indices, currencies, commodities, and other investments; inflation-linked and event-linked bonds; and commodity, interest rate, total return and credit default swaps, which may create economic leverage in the Fund. The Fund may engage in derivative transactions to seek to enhance total return, to seek to hedge against fluctuations in security prices, interest rates or currency exchange rates, to change the effective duration of its portfolio, to manage certain investment risks and as a substitute for the purchase or sale of securities, currencies and commodities. The Fund may purchase securities issued on a when-issued, delayed delivery and forward commitment basis and may sell securities short. The Fund may, without limitation, seek to obtain market exposure to the securities in which it invests by entering into a series of purchase and sale contracts or by using other investment techniques (such as buy back or dollar rolls).
In managing the Fund, the sub-adviser seeks broad-based exposure to commodities that are represented in the Dow Jones-UBS Commodity Index Total Return (the Index) and to generate excess returns, as described above, while maintaining moderate return volatility relative to the Index. The sub-adviser uses various methodologies in selecting investments such as top down/bottom up analysis, including consideration of macroeconomic, fundamental and technical factors.
Principal Risks
Risks of Commodity-Related Investments. The value of commodity investments will generally be affected by overall market movements and factors specific to a particular industry or commodity, which may include weather, embargoes, tariffs, and health, political, international and regulatory developments. Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for commodities, which may reduce market prices and cause the value of the Funds commodity investments to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted. Exposure to commodities and commodity markets may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. No active trading market may exist for certain commodity investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such investments. In addition, adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of actively traded commodity investments. Certain types of commodity instruments (such as total return swaps and commodity-linked notes) are subject to the risk that the counterparty to the instrument will not perform or will be unable to perform in accordance with the terms of the instrument. As noted under Principal Investment Strategies, the Fund expects to gain a significant portion of its commodity-related exposures by investing in the Subsidiary. See Subsidiary Risk and Tax Risk.
Subsidiary Risk.
The Fund will be exposed to the risks associated with the Subsidiarys investments. The Subsidiary invests in commodity-related investments, as well as securities and other instruments in which the Fund is permitted to invest. The Subsidiary is subject to the laws of the Cayman Islands and is not subject to U.S. laws, including securities laws and their protections and provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. Because the Subsidiary is not registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, it may not be able to negotiate terms with its counterparties that are equivalent to those a registered fund may negotiate. As a result, the Subsidiary may have greater exposure to those counterparties than a registered fund. Changes in the laws of the United States and/or the Cayman Islands could result in the inability of
the Subsidiary to operate as described in the Fund's Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information, and could adversely affect the Funds investment approach.
Tax Risk. In order for the Fund to qualify as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code (the Code), the Fund must derive at least 90 percent of its gross income each taxable year from certain qualifying sources of income. Commodity-related investments generate income that is not from a qualified source for purposes of meeting this 90 percent test. Numerous mutual funds have obtained private letter rulings from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) that provide that income produced by certain types of commodity-linked notes or wholly-owned subsidiaries (like the Subsidiary) constitute qualifying income. The Fund received a private letter ruling from the IRS that income from certain commodity-linked notes and
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
3
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
income derived from the Subsidiary constitute qualifying income. Should the IRS take action that adversely affects the tax treatment of investing in commodity-linked notes or the Subsidiary, it could limit the Funds ability to pursue its investment objective as described, and the Fund may incur transaction and other costs to comply with any new or additional guidance from the IRS. The tax treatment of commodity-related investments and income from the Subsidiary may be adversely affected by future legislation, Treasury Regulations and/or guidance issued by the IRS that could affect the character, timing and/or amount of the Funds taxable income or any gains and distributions made by the Fund.
Derivatives Risk. The use of derivatives can lead to losses because of adverse movements in the price or value of the asset, index, rate or instrument underlying a derivative, due to failure of a counterparty or due to tax or regulatory constraints. Derivatives may create economic leverage in the Fund, which magnifies the Funds exposure to the underlying investment. Derivatives risk may be more significant when derivatives are used to enhance return or as a substitute for a cash investment position, rather than solely to hedge the risk of a position held by the Fund. When derivatives are used to gain or limit exposure to a particular market or market segment, their performance may not correlate as expected to the performance of such market, thereby causing the Fund to fail to achieve its original purpose for using such derivatives. The use of derivatives involves the exercise of specialized skill and judgment, and a transaction may be unsuccessful in whole or in part because of market behavior or unexpected events. Derivative instruments traded in over-the-counter markets may be difficult to value, may be illiquid, and may be subject to wide swings in valuation caused by changes in the value of the underlying instrument. If a derivatives counterparty is unable to honor its commitments, the value of Fund shares may decline and the Fund could experience delays in the return of collateral or other assets held by the counterparty. The loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Risk of Leveraged Transactions.
Certain Fund transactions may give rise to
leverage. Such transactions may include
reverse repurchase agreements, dollar rolls
, loans of portfolio securities and the use of when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment transactions, short sales and certain derivative transactions. The Fund is required to segregate liquid assets or otherwise cover the Funds obligation created by a transaction that may give rise to leverage. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements. Leverage may cause the
Funds share price
to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged, as certain types of leverage may exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Funds portfolio securities. The loss on leveraged
investments
may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Currency Risk. In general, fluctuations in foreign currency values will result in fluctuations in the U.S. dollar value of Fund securities denominated in that foreign currency. If the U.S. dollar rises in value relative to a foreign currency, a security denominated in that foreign currency will be worth less in U.S. dollars. If the U.S. dollar decreases in value relative to a foreign currency, a security denominated in that foreign currency will be worth more in U.S. dollars. The value of foreign currencies as measured in U.S. dollars may be unpredictably affected by changes in foreign currency rates and exchange control regulations, application of foreign tax laws (including withholding tax), governmental administration of economic or monetary policies (in the U.S. or abroad), intervention (or the failure to intervene) by U.S. or foreign governments or central banks, and relations between nations. A devaluation of a currency by a countrys government or banking authority will have a significant impact on the value of any investments denominated in that currency. Currency markets generally are not as regulated as securities markets and currency transactions are subject to settlement, custodial and other operational risks. Exposure to foreign currencies through derivative instruments will be subject to derivative risks described herein.
Tracking Error Risk. Tracking error risk refers to the risk that the Funds performance may not match or correlate to that of the index it attempts to track, either on a daily or aggregate basis. Factors such as Fund expenses, imperfect correlation between the Funds investments and the index, rounding of share prices, changes to the composition of the index, regulatory policies, high portfolio turnover rate and the use of leverage all contribute to tracking error. Tracking error risk may cause the Funds performance to be less than expected.
Correlation Risk. Changes in the value of a hedging instrument may not match those of the investment being hedged. Commodity-linked structured notes may be structured in a way that results in the Funds performance significantly diverging from the index.
Fixed-Income Securities Risk. If the Fund invests in fixed-income securities, the Fund ’ s shares may be sensitive to increases in prevailing interest rates and the creditworthiness of issuers. An imbalance in supply and demand in the fixed-income market may result in valuation uncertainties and greater volatility, less liquidity, widening credit spreads and a lack of price transparency in the market. Fixed-income securities rated below investment grade and comparable unrated securities have speculative characteristics because of the credit risk associated with their issuers. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances typically have a greater effect on the ability of issuers of lower rated investments to make principal and interest payments than they do on issuers of higher rated investments. An economic downturn generally leads to a higher non-payment rate, and a lower rated investment may lose significant value before a default occurs. Lower rated investments generally are subject to greater price volatility and illiquidity than higher rated investments.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
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Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Risk of Lower Rated Investments. Investments rated below investment grade and comparable unrated investments (junk bonds) have speculative characteristics because of the credit risk associated with their issuers. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances typically have a greater effect on the ability of issuers of lower rated investments to make principal and interest payments than they do on issuers of higher rated investments. An economic downturn generally leads to a higher non-payment rate, and a lower rated investment may lose significant value before a default occurs. Lower rated investments typically are subject to greater price volatility and illiquidity than higher rated investments.
Interest Rate Risk.
In general
, the value of
income securities
will fluctuate based on changes in
interest rates
.
The value of
these
securities is likely to
increase when interest rates fall and decline when interest rates rise. Generally, securities
with longer
durations
are more sensitive to changes in interest rates than
shorter
duration securities. In a rising interest rate environment, the duration of income securities that have the ability to be prepaid or called by the issuer may be extended.
In a declining interest rate environment,
the proceeds from prepaid or maturing instruments
may have to
be reinvested
at
a
lower
interest rate
.
Credit Risk. Investments in debt obligations are subject to the risk of non-payment of scheduled principal and interest. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances may reduce the capacity of the party obligated to make principal and interest payments on such instruments and may lead to defaults. Such non-payments and defaults may reduce the value of Fund shares and income distributions. The value of a debt obligation also may decline because of concerns about the issuers ability to make principal and interest payments. In addition, the credit ratings of fixed-income securities may be lowered if the financial condition of the party obligated to make payments with respect to such instruments changes. Credit ratings assigned by rating agencies are based on a number of factors and do not necessarily reflect the issuers current financial condition or the volatility or liquidity of the security. In the event of bankruptcy of the issuer of fixed-income securities, the Fund could experience delays or limitations with respect to its ability to realize the benefits of any collateral securing the instrument. In order to enforce its rights in the event of a default, bankruptcy or similar situation, the Fund may be required to retain legal or similar counsel. This may increase the Funds operating expenses and adversely affect net asset value.
Duration Risk. Duration measures the time-weighted expected cash flows of a fixed-income security, which can determine its sensitivity to changes in the general level of interest rates. Securities with longer durations tend to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than securities with shorter durations. A mutual fund with a longer dollar-weighted average duration can be expected to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than a fund with a shorter dollar-weighted average duration. Duration differs from maturity in that it considers a securitys coupon payments in addition to the amount of time until the security matures. Various techniques may be used to shorten or lengthen Fund duration. As the value of a security changes over time, so will its duration.
Short Sale Risk. Short sale risks include, among others, the potential loss of more money than the actual cost of the investment, and the risk that the third party to the short sale may fail to honor its contract terms, causing a loss to the Fund.
Foreign and Emerging Market Investment Risk. Because the Fund can invest a portion of its assets in foreign instruments, the value of Fund shares can be adversely affected by changes in currency exchange rates and political, economic and market developments abroad. In emerging or less developed countries, these risks can be more significant. Investment markets in emerging market countries are typically substantially smaller, less liquid and more volatile than the major markets in developed countries. As a result, Fund share values may be more volatile than if the Fund invested only in developed markets. Emerging market countries may have relatively unstable governments and economies. Emerging market investments often are subject to speculative trading, which typically contributes to volatility. Trading in foreign and emerging markets typically involves higher expense than trading in the United States. The Fund may have difficulties enforcing its legal or contractual rights in a foreign country. The value of investments denominated in foreign currencies can be adversely affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates.
Issuer Diversification Risk. The Fund is non-diversified, which means it may invest a greater percentage of its assets in the securities of a single issuer than funds that are diversified. Non-diversified funds face the risk of focusing investments in a small number of issuers, making them more susceptible to risks affecting such issuers than a more diversified fund might be.
Sector Risk. Because the Fund may have significant investments in a particular sector of the commodities markets (such as agricultural, energy and natural resources, livestock, precious metals, industrial metals and others), the value of Fund shares may be affected by events that adversely affect that sector and may fluctuate more than that of a fund that invests more broadly.
Equity Investing Risk.
The Funds shares may be sensitive to stock market volatility and the stocks in which the Fund invests may be more volatile than the stock market as a whole. The value of equity investments and related instruments may decline in response to conditions affecting the general economy; overall market changes; local, regional or global political, social or economic instability; and currency, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations, as well as issuer or sector specific events. Market conditions may affect certain types of stocks to a greater extent than other types of stocks. If the stock market declines, the value of Fund shares will also likely decline and although stock values can rebound, there is no assurance that values will
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
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Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
return to previous levels. Preferred stocks may also be sensitive to changes in interest rates. When interest rates rise, the value of preferred stocks will generally fall.
Market Risk. Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for investments held by the Fund, which may reduce their market prices and cause the value of Fund shares to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted. Certain securities and other investments held by the Fund can experience downturns in trading activity and, at such times, the supply of such instruments in the market may exceed the demand. At other times, the demand for such instruments may exceed the supply in the market. An imbalance in supply and demand in the market may result in valuation uncertainties and greater volatility, less liquidity, wider trading spreads and a lack of price transparency in the market. No active trading market may exist for certain investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such assets. Adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of some actively traded investments. Fixed income markets have recently experienced a period of relatively high volatility. If the Federal Reserve continues to taper or reverse its quantitative easing stimulus program and/or increases interest rates, fixed income markets could experience continuing high volatility, which could negatively impact the Funds performance.
Risks Associated with Active Management. The Fund is an actively managed portfolio and its success depends upon the investment skills and analytical abilities of the sub-adviser to develop and effectively implement strategies to achieve the Funds investment objective. Subjective decisions made by the sub-adviser may cause the Fund to incur losses or to miss profit opportunities on which it may otherwise have capitalized.
General Fund Investing Risks. The Fund is not a complete investment program and you may lose money by investing in the Fund. All investments carry a certain amount of risk and there is no guarantee that the Fund will be able to achieve its investment objective. Annual Fund Operating Expenses expressed as a percentage of the Funds average daily net assets may change as Fund assets increase and decrease, and Annual Fund Operating Expenses may differ in the future. Purchase and redemption activities by Fund shareholders may impact the management of the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective. In addition, the redemption by one or more large shareholders or groups of shareholders of their holdings in the Fund could have an adverse impact on the remaining shareholders in the Fund. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person. Mutual funds, investment advisers, other market participants and many securities markets are subject to rules and regulations and the jurisdiction of one or more regulators. Changes to applicable rules and regulations could have an adverse affect on securities markets and market participants, as well as on the Funds ability to execute its investment strategy.
Performance
The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Funds performance from year to year and how the Funds average annual total returns over time compare with those of a broad-based securities market index. The returns in the bar chart are for Class A shares and
do
not reflect a sales charge. If the sales charge was
reflected
, the returns would be lower. Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com
.
During the period from December 31, 2010 through December 31,
2013
, the highest quarterly total return for Class A was
9.74
% for the quarter ended September 30, 2012, and the lowest quarterly return was -11.77% for the quarter ended September 30, 2011.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
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Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Average Annual Total Return as of December 31, 2013 |
One Year |
Life of Fund |
Class A Return Before Taxes |
-15.82% |
-4.02% |
Class A Return After Taxes on Distributions |
-15.91% |
-4.86% |
Class A Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Class A Shares |
-8.88% |
-3.10% |
Class C Return Before Taxes |
-13.17% |
-3.51% |
Class I Return Before Taxes |
-11.26% |
-2.55% |
Dow Jones- UBS Commodity Index Total Return (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
-9.52% |
-1.82% |
These returns reflect the maximum sales charge for Class A (4.75%) and any applicable contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) for Class C. Class A, Class C and Class I shares commenced operations on April 8, 2010. Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.
After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from the after-tax returns presented for Class A shares. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Management
Investment Adviser. Eaton Vance Management (Eaton Vance).
Investment Sub-Adviser. Armored Wolf, LLC (Armored Wolf).
Portfolio Manager. The Fund is managed by John B. Brynjolfsson, Chief Investment Officer and a Managing Director of Armored Wolf, who has managed the Fund since its inception in 2010.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares on any business day, which is any day the New York Stock Exchange is open for business. You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares either through your financial intermediary or directly from the Fund either by writing to the Fund, P.O. Box 9653, Providence, RI 02940-9653, or by calling 1-800-262-1122. The minimum initial purchase or exchange into the Fund is $1,000 for each Class (with the exception of Class I) and $250,000 for Class I (waived in certain circumstances). There is no minimum for subsequent investments.
The Funds distributions are expected to be taxed as ordinary income and/or capital gains, unless you are exempt from taxation.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase Fund shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank) (collectively, financial intermediaries), the Fund, its principal underwriter and its affiliates may pay the financial intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the financial intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediarys website for more information.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
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Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Investment Objective & Principal Policies and Risks
The Fund is permitted to engage in the following investment practices to the extent set forth in Fund Summary above.
A statement of the investment objective and principal investment policies and risks of the Fund is set forth above in Fund Summary. Set forth below is additional information about such policies and risks of the Fund described in Fund Summary above. Information also is included about other types of investments and practices that the Fund may engage in from time to time.
Commodities-Related Investments.
Commodity-related investments include, but are not limited to, commodities contracts, commodity futures or options thereon (investments in contracts for the future purchase or sale of commodities); commodity exchange-traded funds (exchange-traded funds that track the price of a single commodity, such as gold or oil, or a basket of commodities); commodity exchange traded notes (non-interest paying debt instruments whose price fluctuates (by contractual commitment) with an underlying commodities index); total return swaps based on a commodity index (permitting one party to receive/pay the total return on a commodity index against payment/receipt of an agreed upon spread/interest rate); commodity-linked notes (providing a return based on a formula referenced to a commodity index); sovereign issued oil warrants (a sovereign obligation the coupon on which is contingent on the price of oil); precious metals; and any other commodities-related investment permitted by law. Commodities-related investments may be used to gain exposure to a particular type of commodity, basket of commodities, commodity market or commodity index, or to hedge such exposures or a position in a commodity producing country. In order to comply with the Code, the Fund expects to utilize the Subsidiary to gain exposure to commodity-related investments
,
but also may
do so to
invest in securities and other instruments in which the Fund is permitted to invest. (see Subsidiary Investments). As described under Tax Risk in the Fund Summary, the Fund relies on a private letter ruling issued by the Internal Revenue Service with respect to the tax treatment of an investment in the Subsidiary and certain commodity-linked notes.
Subsidiary Investments. The Fund may invest up to 25% of its total assets in the Subsidiary, which is permitted to invest in commodity-related investments as well as the securities and other instruments in which the Fund is permitted to invest. The Subsidiary is not subject to U.S. laws, including securities laws and their protections. The Subsidiary is subject to the laws of the Cayman Islands, which can be affected by developments in that country. The Subsidiary is operated in accordance with the 1940 Act investment restrictions that apply to the Fund, but is not subject to provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. Because the Subsidiary is not registered under the 1940 Act, it may not be able to negotiate terms with its derivative counterparties that are equivalent to those a registered fund may negotiate. As a result, the Subsidiary may have greater exposure to those counterparties than a registered fund. For tax purposes, all income or net capital gain allocated to the Fund from the Subsidiary would be treated as ordinary income to the Fund.
Derivatives. The Fund may enter into derivatives transactions with respect to any security or other instrument in which it is permitted to invest or any related security, instrument, index or economic indicator (reference instruments). Derivatives are financial instruments the value of which is derived from the underlying reference instrument. Derivatives transactions can involve substantial risk. Derivatives typically allow the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk to which the Fund is exposed more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments. The Fund incurs costs in connection with opening and closing derivatives positions. The Fund may engage in the derivative transactions set forth below, as well as in other derivative transactions with substantially similar characteristics and risks.
Certain derivative transactions may give rise to a form of leverage. The Fund is required to segregate or earmark liquid assets or otherwise cover the Funds obligation created by a transaction that may give rise to leverage. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements. Leverage may cause the
Funds share price
to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged, as certain types of leverage may exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Funds portfolio securities. The loss on leverage transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Commodity-Linked Notes. Leveraged or unleveraged commodity-linked notes are derivative debt instruments with principal and/or coupon payments linked to the performance of commodity indices. The Fund may also invest in commodity-linked notes with principal and/or coupon payments linked to the value of particular commodities or commodity futures contracts, or a subset of commodities and commodities futures contracts. These notes are sometimes referred to as structured notes because the terms of these notes may be structured by the issuer and the purchaser of the note. The value of these notes will rise or fall in response to changes in the underlying commodity, commodity futures contract, subset of commodities, subset of commodities futures contracts or commodity index.
These notes expose the Fund economically to movements in commodity prices. These notes also are subject to risks, such as counterparty, credit, market and interest rate risks. In addition, these notes are often leveraged, increasing the volatility of each notes market value relative to changes in the underlying commodity, commodity futures contract or commodity index.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
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Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Therefore, at the maturity of the note, the Fund may receive more or less principal than it originally invested. The Fund might receive interest payments on the note that are more or less than the stated coupon interest payments.
Options on Securities, Indices and Currencies. The Fund may engage in transactions in exchange-traded and over-the-counter (OTC) options. There are several risks associated with transactions in options such as imperfect correlation, counterparty risk and an insufficient liquid secondary market for particular options. By buying a put option, the Fund acquires a right to sell the underlying instrument at the exercise price, thus limiting the Fund's risk of loss through a decline in the market value of the instrument until the put option expires. The Fund will pay a premium to the seller of the option for the right to receive payments of cash to the extent that the value of the applicable instrument declines below the exercise price as of the option valuation date. If the price of the instrument is above the exercise price of the option as of the option valuation date, the option expires worthless and the Fund will not be able to recover the option premium paid to the seller. The Fund may purchase uncovered put options. The Fund also has authority to write (i.e., sell) put options. The Fund will receive a premium for writing a put option, which increases the Fund's return. In writing a put option, the Fund has the obligation to buy the underlying instrument at an agreed upon price if the price of such instrument decreases below the exercise price. If the value of the instrument on the option expiration date is above the exercise price, the option will generally expire worthless and the Fund, as option seller, will have no obligation to the option holder.
A purchased call option gives the Fund the right to buy, and obligates the seller to sell, the underlying instrument at the exercise price at any time during the option period. The Fund also is authorized to write (i.e., sell) call options on instruments in which it may invest and to enter into closing purchase transactions with respect to such options. A covered call option is an option in which the Fund, in return for a premium, gives another party a right to buy specified instruments owned by the Fund at a specified future date and price set at the time of the contract. The Fund's ability to sell the instrument underlying a call option may be limited while the option is in effect unless the Fund enters into a closing purchase transaction. Uncovered call options have speculative characteristics and are riskier than covered call options because there is no underlying instrument held by the Fund that can act as a partial hedge. As the writer of a covered call option or an index call option, the Fund forgoes, during the options life, the opportunity to profit from increases in the market value of the security or the index covering the call option above the sum of the option premium received and the exercise price of the call, but has retained the risk of loss, minus the option premium received, should the price of the underlying security or index decline.
OTC options involve risk that the issuer or counterparty will fail to perform its contractual obligations. Participants in these markets are typically not subject to the same credit evaluation and regulatory oversight as are members of exchange-based markets. By engaging in option transactions in these markets, the Fund may take a credit risk with regard to parties with which it trades and also may bear the risk of settlement default.
Futures Contracts. The Fund may engage in transactions in futures contracts and options on futures contracts. Futures are standardized, exchange-traded contracts that obligate a purchaser to take delivery, and a seller to make delivery, of a specific amount of an asset at a specified future date at a specified price. The Fund also is authorized to purchase or sell call and put options on futures contracts. The primary risks associated with the use of futures contracts and options are imperfect correlation, liquidity, unanticipated market movement and counterparty risk.
Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts.
Certain
forward foreign currency exchange contracts
may be
individually negotiated and privately traded so they are dependent upon the creditworthiness of the counterparty.
Forward contracts
are subject to the risk of political and economic factors applicable to the countries issuing the underlying currencies. Furthermore, unlike trading in most other types of instruments, there is no systematic reporting of last sale information with respect to the foreign currencies underlying forwards. As a result, available information may not be complete.
Interest Rate Swaps. Interest rate swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive interest, e.g., an exchange of fixed rate payments for floating rate payments and the notional amount upon which the floating rate is accrued is denominated in another currency. The notional amounts are typically determined based on the spot exchange rate at the inception of the trade. Interest rate swaps involve counterparty risk and the risk of imperfect correlation.
Forward Rate Agreements. Under forward rate agreements, the buyer locks in an interest rate at a future settlement date. If the interest rate on the settlement date exceeds the lock rate, the buyer pays the seller the difference between the two rates. If the lock rate exceeds the interest rate on the settlement date, the seller pays the buyer the difference between the two rates. These transactions involve risks, including counterparty risk.
Credit Default Swaps. Credit default swap agreements (CDS) enable the Fund to buy or sell credit protection on an individual issuer or basket of issuers (i.e., the reference instrument). The Fund may enter into CDS to gain or short exposure to a reference instrument. Long CDS positions are utilized to gain exposure to a reference instrument (similar to buying the instrument) and are akin to selling insurance on the instrument. Short CDS positions are utilized to short exposure to a reference instrument (similar to shorting the instrument) and are akin to buying insurance on the instrument. In response to market events, federal and certain state regulators have proposed regulation of the CDS market. These regulations may limit
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
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Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
the Funds ability to use CDS and/or the benefits of CDS. CDS involve risks, including the risk that the counterparty may be unable to fulfill the transaction or that the Fund may be required to purchase securities or other instruments to meet delivery obligations. The Fund may have difficulty, be unable or may incur additional costs to acquire such securities or instruments.
Inflation Swaps. Inflation swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive interest, e.g. , an exchange of fixed rate payments for floating rate payments or an exchange of floating rate payments based on two different reference indices. By design, one of the reference indices is an inflation index, such as the Consumer Price Index. Inflation swaps can be designated as zero coupon, where both sides of the swap compound interest over the life of the swap and then the accrued interest is paid out only at the swaps maturity.
Total Return Swaps. In a total return swap, the buyer receives a periodic return equal to the total return of a specified security, securities or index, for a specified period of time. In return, the buyer pays the counterparty a variable stream of payments, typically based upon short term interest rates, possibly plus or minus an agreed upon spread. These transactions involve risks, including counterparty risk.
Counterparty Risk. A financial institution or other counterparty with whom the Fund or Subsidiary (collectively referred to as Fund) does business (such as trading or securities lending), or that underwrites, distributes or guarantees any investments or contracts that the Fund owns or is otherwise exposed to, may decline in financial condition and become unable to honor its commitments. This could cause the value of Fund shares to decline or could delay the return or delivery of collateral or other assets to the Fund. To limit the counterparty risk involved in swap agreements, the Fund will only enter into swap agreements with counterparties that meet certain standards of creditworthiness. Although there can be no assurance that the Fund will be able to do so, the Fund may be able to reduce or eliminate its exposure under a swap agreement either by assignment or other disposition, or by entering into an offsetting swap agreement with the same party or another creditworthy party. The Fund may have limited ability to eliminate its exposure under a credit default swap if the credit of the referenced entity or underlying asset has declined.
Event-Linked Instruments. The Fund may obtain event-linked exposure by investing in event-linked bonds or event-linked swaps or by implementing event-linked strategies. Event-linked exposure results in gains or losses that typically are contingent, or formulaically related to defined trigger events. Examples of trigger events include hurricanes, earthquakes, weather-related phenomena, or statistics relating to such events. Some event-linked bonds are commonly referred to as catastrophe bonds. If a trigger event occurs, the Fund may lose a portion of its entire principal invested in the bond or notional amount on a swap. Event-linked exposure often provides for an extension of maturity to process and audit loss claims where a trigger event has, or possibly has, occurred. An extension of maturity may increase volatility. Event-linked exposure may also expose the Fund to certain unanticipated risks, including credit risk, counterparty risk, adverse regulatory or jurisdictional interpretations, and adverse tax consequences. Event-linked exposures may also be subject to liquidity risk.
Income
Instruments.
Income instruments
include all types of
fixed and floating-rate
bonds and notes, such as convertible securities; corporate commercial paper; mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities; inflation-indexed bonds issued by both governments and corporations; structured notes, including hybrid or indexed securities;
loans;
loan participations and assignments; delayed funding loans and revolving credit facilities; preferred securities; and bank certificates of deposit, fixed time deposits, bank deposits (or investments structured to provide the same type of exposure) and bankers acceptances of foreign and domestic banks
and other debt instruments. Income instruments
are issued by:
foreign
governments or their subdivisions, agencies and government-sponsored enterprises; international agencies or supranational entities; the U.S. Government, its agencies or government-sponsored enterprises (or guaranteed thereby); central or quasi-sovereign banks and U.S. and
foreign
corporations.
Income instruments
include deep discount bonds, such as zero coupon bonds, deferred interest bonds, bonds or securities on which the interest is payable in-kind (PIK securities), which are debt obligations that are issued at a significant discount from face value, and securities purchased on a forward commitment or when-issued basis. While zero coupon bonds do not make periodic payments of interest, deferred interest bonds provide for a period of delay before the regular payment of interest begins. PIK securities provide that the issuer thereof may, at its option, pay interest in cash or in the form of additional securities.
Credit Quality.
Rating agencies are private services that provide ratings of the credit quality of certain
loans and other
income securities. In evaluating creditworthiness, the investment adviser considers ratings assigned by rating agencies and generally performs additional credit and investment analysis. Credit ratings issued by rating agencies are based on a number of factors including, but not limited to, the issuers financial condition and the rating agencys credit analysis, if applicable, at the time of rating. The ratings assigned are not absolute standards of credit quality and do not evaluate market risks or necessarily reflect the issuers current financial condition. An issuers current financial condition may be better or worse than the current rating indicates. A credit rating may have a modifier (such as plus, minus or a numerical modifier) to denote its relative status within the rating. The presence of a modifier does not change the security credit rating (for example, BBB- and Baa3 are within the investment grade rating) for purposes of the Funds investment limitations. If a security is rated differently by rating agencies, the higher rating will be used for any Fund rating restrictions.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
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Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Forward Commitments. Fixed-income securities may be purchased on a forward commitment or when-issued basis (meaning securities are purchased or sold with payment and delivery taking place in the future). In such a transaction, the Fund is securing what is considered to be an advantageous price and yield at the time of entering into the transaction. However, the yield on a comparable security when the transaction is consummated may vary from the yield on the security at the time that the forward commitment or when-issued transaction was made. From the time of entering into the transaction until delivery and payment is made at a later date, the securities that are the subject of the transaction are subject to market fluctuations. In forward commitment or when-issued transactions, if the seller or buyer, as the case may be, fails to consummate the transaction, the counterparty may miss the opportunity of obtaining a price or yield considered to be advantageous. Forward commitment or when-issued transactions may be expected to occur a month or more before delivery is due. However, no payment or delivery is made until payment is received or delivery is made from the other party to the transaction.
Inflation-Indexed Bonds. Inflation-indexed bonds (other than municipal inflation-indexed bonds and certain corporate inflation-indexed bonds) are fixed-income securities whose principal value is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation. If the index measuring inflation falls, the principal value of inflation-indexed bonds (other than municipal inflation-indexed bonds and certain corporate inflation-indexed bonds) will be adjusted downward, and consequently the interest payable on these securities (calculated with respect to a smaller principal amount) will be reduced. Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury in the case of U.S. Treasury inflation-indexed bonds. For bonds that do not provide a similar guarantee, the adjusted principal value of the bond repaid at maturity may be less than the original principal.
Foreign and Emerging Market Investments. Investments in foreign issuers could be affected by factors not present in the United States, including expropriation, armed conflict, confiscatory taxation, lack of uniform accounting and auditing standards, less publicly available financial and other information, and potential difficulties in enforcing contractual obligations. Because foreign issuers may not be subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standard practices and requirements and regulatory measures comparable to those in the United States, there may be less publicly available information about such foreign issuers. Settlements of securities transactions in foreign countries are subject to risk of loss, may be delayed and are generally less frequent than in the United States, which could affect the liquidity of the Funds assets.
The Fund may invest in securities and other instruments (including loans) issued
,
guaranteed
, or backed
by sovereign entities. Economic data as reported by foreign governments and other issuers may be delayed, inaccurate or fraudulent. In the event of a default by a sovereign entity, there are typically no assets to be seized or cash flows to be attached. Furthermore, the willingness or ability of a foreign government to renegotiate defaulted debt may be limited. Therefore, losses on sovereign defaults may far exceed the losses from the default of a similarly rated U.S. corporate debt issuer.
The foregoing risks of foreign investing can be more significant in less developed countries characterized as emerging market countries, which may offer higher potential for gains and losses than investments in the developed markets of the world. Political and economic structures in emerging market countries generally lack the social, political and economic stability of developed countries, which may affect the value of the Funds investments in these countries and also the ability of the Fund to access markets in such countries. Governmental actions can have a significant effect on the economic conditions in emerging market countries, which also may adversely affect the value and liquidity of the Funds investments. The laws of emerging market countries relating to the limited liability of corporate shareholders, fiduciary duties of officers and directors, and bankruptcy of state enterprises are generally less well developed than or different from such laws in the United States. It may be more difficult to obtain a judgment in the courts of these countries than it is in the United States. Disruptions due to work stoppages and trading improprieties in foreign securities markets have caused such markets to close. If extended closings were to occur in stock markets where the Fund is heavily invested, the Funds ability to redeem Fund shares could become impaired. In such circumstances, the Fund may have to sell more liquid securities than it would otherwise choose to sell. Emerging market securities are also subject to speculative trading, which contributes to their volatility.
Foreign Currencies. The value of foreign assets and currencies as measured in U.S. dollars may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in foreign currency rates and exchange control regulations, application of foreign tax laws (including withholding tax), governmental administration of economic or monetary policies (in this country or abroad), and relations between nations and trading. Foreign currencies also are subject to settlement, custodial and other operational risks. Currency exchange rates can be affected unpredictably by intervention by U.S. or foreign governments or central banks, or the failure to intervene, or by currency controls or political developments in the United States or abroad. Costs are incurred in connection with conversions between currencies. The Fund may engage in spot transactions and forward foreign currency exchange contracts, purchase and sell options on currencies and purchase and sell currency futures contracts and related options thereon (collectively, Currency Instruments) to seek to hedge against the decline in the value of currencies in which its portfolio holdings are denominated against the U.S. dollar or to seek to enhance returns. Use of Currency Instruments may involve substantial currency risk and may also involve counterparty, leverage or liquidity risk.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
11
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Short Sales. The Fund may engage in covered short sales (on individual securities held or on an index or basket of securities whose constituents are held in whole or in part or for which liquid assets have been segregated). A short sale on an individual security typically involves the sale of a security that is borrowed from a broker or other institution to complete the sale. Short sales expose the seller to the risk that it will be required to acquire securities to replace the borrowed securities (also known as covering the short position) at a time when the securities sold short have appreciated in value, thus resulting in a loss. When making a short sale, the Fund must segregate liquid assets equal to (or otherwise cover) its obligations under the short sale. The seller of a short position generally realizes a profit on the transaction if the price it receives on the short sale exceeds the cost of closing out the position by purchasing securities in the market, but generally realizes a loss if the cost of closing out the short position exceeds the proceeds of the short sale.
Mortgage-Backed Securities (MBS). MBS represent participation interests in pools of adjustable and fixed-rate mortgage loans. MBS may be issued by the U.S. Government (or one of its agencies or instrumentalities) or privately issued but collateralized by mortgages that are insured, guaranteed or otherwise backed by the U.S. Government, or its agencies or instrumentalities. Adjustable rate mortgages are mortgages whose interest rates are periodically reset when market rates change. Unlike conventional debt obligations, MBS provide monthly payments derived from the monthly interest and principal payments (including any prepayments) made by the individual borrowers on the pooled mortgage loans. MBS that include loans that have had a history of refinancing opportunities are referred to as seasoned MBS. MBS that are not seasoned MBS are referred to as generic MBS. Seasoned MBS tend to have a higher collateral to debt ratio than other MBS because a greater percentage of the underlying debt has been repaid and the collateral property may have appreciated in value. MBS may be premium bonds acquired at prices that exceed their par or principal value.
The mortgage loans underlying MBS are generally subject to a greater rate of principal prepayments in a declining interest rate environment and to a lesser rate of principal prepayments in an increasing interest rate environment, although investment in seasoned MBS can mitigate this risk. Under certain interest and prepayment rate scenarios, the Fund may fail to recover the full amount of its investment in MBS, notwithstanding any direct or indirect governmental or agency guarantee. Moreover, if the Fund invests in interest only stripped MBS, it may fail to recoup its initial investment if the underlying mortgages experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal. Because faster than expected prepayments must usually be invested in lower yielding securities, MBS are less effective than conventional bonds in locking in a specified interest rate. For premium bonds, prepayment risk may be enhanced. In a rising interest rate environment, a declining prepayment rate will extend the average life of many MBS. This possibility is often referred to as extension risk. Extending the average life of a mortgage-backed security increases the risk of depreciation due to future increases in market interest rates. MBS that are purchased at a premium generate current income that exceeds market rates for comparable investments, but tend to decrease in value as they mature. MBS include classes of collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs), including fixed- or floating-rate tranches, and various other MBS. In choosing among CMO classes, the investment adviser will evaluate the total income potential of each class and other factors. CMOs are subject to the same types of risks affecting MBS as described above. Mortgage dollar rolls involve the Fund selling MBS for delivery in the current month with a simultaneous contract entered to repurchase substantially similar (same type, coupon and maturity) securities on a specified future date (a mortgage roll). During the roll period, the Fund foregoes principal and interest paid on the MBS.
Repurchase Agreements.
A repurchase agreement is the purchase by the Fund of securities from a counterparty in exchange for cash that is coupled with an agreement to resell those securities to the counterparty at a specified date and price. Repurchase agreements
that
mature in more than seven days will be treated as illiquid. When a repurchase agreement is entered into, the Fund typically receives securities with a value that equals or exceeds the repurchase price, including any accrued interest earned on the agreement. The value of such securities will be marked to market daily, and cash or additional securities will be exchanged between the parties as needed. Except in the case of a repurchase agreement entered into to settle a short sale, the value of the securities delivered to the Fund will be at least equal to the repurchase price during the term of the repurchase agreement. The terms of a repurchase agreement entered into to settle a short sale may provide that the cash purchase price paid by the Fund is more than the value of purchased securities that effectively collateralize the repurchase price payable by the counterparty. Since in such a transaction the Fund normally will have used the purchased securities to settle the short sale, the Fund will segregate liquid assets equal to the marked to market value of the purchased securities that it is obligated to return to the counterparty under the repurchase agreement.
Reverse Repurchase Agreements. The Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements. Under a reverse repurchase agreement, the Fund transfers possession of a portfolio instrument to another party, such as a bank or broker-dealer, in return for cash. At the same time, the Fund agrees to repurchase the instrument at an agreed upon time (normally within seven days) and price, which reflects an interest payment. The Fund may enter into such agreements when it believes it is able to invest the cash acquired at a rate higher than the cost of the agreement, which would increase earned income. The Fund could also enter into reverse repurchase agreements as a means of raising cash to satisfy redemption requests without the necessity of selling portfolio assets.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
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Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Asset-Backed Securities. Asset-backed securities represent interests in a pool of assets, such as home equity loans, commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS), automobile receivables or credit card receivables. Unscheduled prepayments of asset-backed securities may result in a loss of income if the proceeds are invested in lower-yielding securities. In addition, issuers of asset-backed securities may have limited ability to enforce the security interest in the underlying assets, and credit enhancements (if any) may be inadequate in the event of default. Asset-backed securities may experience losses on the underlying assets as a result of certain rights provided to consumer debtors under federal and state law. The value of asset-backed securities may be affected by the factors described above and other factors, such as the availability of information concerning the pool and its structure, the creditworthiness of the servicing agent for the pool, the originator of the underlying assets or the entities providing credit enhancements and the ability of the servicer to service the underlying collateral. The value of asset-backed securities representing interests in a pool of utilities receivables may be adversely affected by changes in government regulations. Under certain market conditions, asset-backed securities may be less liquid and may be difficult to value.
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities. CMBS include securities that reflect an interest in, and are secured by, mortgage loans on commercial real property. CMBS are subject to the risks described under Asset-Backed Securities above. CMBS also are subject to many of the risks of investing in the real estate securing the underlying mortgage loans. These risks reflect the effects of local and other economic conditions on real estate markets, the ability of tenants to make loan payments, and the ability of a property to attract and retain tenants. CMBS may be less liquid and exhibit a greater price volatility than other types of mortgage- or asset-backed securities. The Fund's direct and indirect investments in CMBS will not exceed 25% of its net assets. For the purposes of the Fund's industry concentration policy, CMBS will be categorized based on the underlying assets of the CMBS (retail, office, warehouse, multifamily, defeased collateral, etc.).
The commercial mortgage loans that underlie CMBS have certain distinct risk characteristics. Commercial mortgage loans generally lack standardized terms, which may complicate their structure, tend to have shorter maturities than residential mortgage loans and may not be fully amortizing. Commercial properties themselves tend to be unique and are more difficult to value than single-family residential properties. In addition, commercial properties, particularly industrial and warehouse properties, are subject to environmental risks and the burdens and costs of compliance with environmental laws and regulations.
Securities Lending. The Fund may lend its portfolio securities to broker-dealers and other institutional borrowers. During the existence of a loan, the Fund will continue to receive the equivalent of the interest paid by the issuer on the securities loaned, or all or a portion of the interest on investment of the collateral, if any. The Fund may pay lending fees to such borrowers. As with other extensions of credit, there are risks of delay in recovery or even loss of rights in the securities loaned if the borrower of the securities fails financially. Loans only will be made to firms that have been approved by the investment adviser and the investment adviser or the securities lending agent will periodically monitor the financial condition of such firms while such loans are outstanding. Securities loans only will be made when the investment adviser believes that the expected returns, net of expenses, justifies the attendant risks. The Fund may engage in securities lending for total return as well as for income, and expects to invest the collateral received from loans in securities in which the Fund may invest. To the extent that the portfolio securities acquired with such collateral have decreased in value, it may result in the Fund realizing a loss at a time when it would not otherwise do so. This risk is substantially the same as that incurred through investment leverage. The Fund also may incur losses if the returns on securities that it acquires with cash collateral are less than the applicable rebate rates paid to borrowers and related administrative costs. Upon return of the loaned securities, the Fund would be required to return the related collateral to the borrower and may be required to liquidate portfolio securities in order to do so. The Fund may lend up to one-third of the value of its total assets or such other amount as may be permitted by law.
Pooled Investment Vehicles.
Subject to applicable limitations, the Fund may invest in pooled investment vehicles, including open- and closed-end investment companies affiliated or unaffiliated with the investment adviser, and exchange-traded funds. The market for common shares of closed-end investment companies and exchange-traded funds, which are generally traded on an exchange, is affected by the demand for those securities, regardless of the value of the funds underlying portfolio assets. The Fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any management fees and expenses paid by unaffiliated and certain affiliated pooled investment vehicles in which it invests, except that management fees of affiliated funds may be waived.
If
they exceed 0.01%, the costs associated with such investments will be reflected in Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses in the Annual Fund Operating Expenses in Fund Summary.
Borrowing. The Fund is authorized to borrow in accordance with applicable regulations, but currently intends to borrow only for temporary purposes (such as to satisfy redemption requests, to remain fully invested in anticipation of expected cash inflows and to settle transactions). The Fund will not purchase additional investment securities while outstanding borrowings exceed 5% of the value of its total assets.
Illiquid Securities. The Fund may not invest more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities, which may be difficult to value properly and may involve greater risks than liquid securities. Illiquid securities include those legally restricted as to resale (such as those issued in private placements), and may include commercial paper issued pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A thereunder. Certain Section 4(2)
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
13
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
and Rule 144A securities may be treated as liquid securities if the investment adviser determines that such treatment is warranted. Even if determined to be liquid, holdings of these securities may increase the level of Fund illiquidity if eligible buyers become uninterested in purchasing them.
Cash and Cash Equivalents. The Fund may invest in cash or cash equivalents, including high quality short-term instruments or an affiliated investment company that invests in such instruments.
Portfolio Turnover. The annual portfolio turnover rate of the Fund may exceed 100%. A mutual fund with a high turnover rate (100% or more) may generate more capital gains and pay more commissions (which may reduce return) than a fund with a lower rate. Capital gains distributions (which reduce the after-tax returns of shareholders holding Fund shares in taxable accounts) will be made to shareholders if offsetting capital loss carry forwards do not exist.
General. Unless otherwise stated, the Fund's investment objective and certain other policies may be changed without shareholder approval. Shareholders will receive 60 days' written notice of any material change in the investment objective. During unusual market conditions, the Fund may invest up to 100% of its assets in cash or cash equivalents temporarily, which may be inconsistent with its investment objective(s) and other policies. The Fund might not use all of the strategies and techniques or invest in all of the types of securities described in this Prospectus or the Statement of Additional Information. While at times the Fund may use alternative investment strategies in an effort to limit its losses, it may choose not to do so.
The Fund's investment policies include a provision allowing the Fund to invest (i) all of its investable assets in an open-end management investment company with substantially the same investment objective, policies and restrictions as the Fund; or (ii) in more than one open-end management investment company sponsored by Eaton Vance or its affiliates, provided any such companies have investment objectives, policies and restrictions that are consistent with those of the Fund. Any such company or companies would be advised by the Funds investment adviser (or an affiliate) and the Fund would not pay directly any advisory fee with respect to the assets so invested. The Fund may initiate investments in one or more such investment companies at any time without shareholder approval.
Management and Organization
Management.
The Fund
’
s investment adviser is Eaton Vance Management (
“
Eaton Vance
”
), with offices at Two International Place
,
Boston, MA 02110. Eaton Vance has been managing assets since 1924 and managing mutual funds since 1931. Eaton Vance and its affiliates currently manage over $
285
billion on behalf of mutual funds, institutional clients and individuals.
The Funds semiannual report provides information regarding the basis for the Trustees approval of the Funds investment advisory agreements.
The investment adviser manages the investments of the Fund and the Subsidiary and provides administrative services and related offices facilities to the Fund. Under its investment advisory agreements, Eaton Vance receives an aggregate annual fee for its services as follows:
Pursuant to an investment sub-advisory agreement, Eaton Vance has delegated the investment management of the Fund to Armored Wolf, LLC (Armored Wolf), a registered investment adviser. Eaton Vance pays Armored Wolf a monthly sub-advisory fee. Armored Wolf is located at Lakeshore Tower III, 18111 Von Karman Avenue, Suite #525, Irvine, CA 92612.
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the investment adviser and administration fee amounted to 1.
04
% (annualized) of the Funds consolidated average daily net assets.
John B. Brynjolfsson is the portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception in 2010. Mr. Brynjolfsson is the Chief Investment Officer and a Managing Director of Armored Wolf (since 2008). Prior to joining Armored Wolf, Mr. Brynjolfsson was Managing Director at PIMCO (2003-2008).
The Statement of Additional Information provides additional information about the portfolio managers compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio manager, and the portfolio managers ownership of Fund shares.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
14
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance
provides
sub-transfer agency
and related
services
to Eaton Vance mutual funds pursuant to a Sub-Transfer Agency Support Services Agreement. For its services under the agreement
, Eaton Vance receives an aggregate fee
from such funds equal to the lesser of $2.5 million or its
actual expenses
incurred in performing such services
.
Organization. The Fund is a series of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust, a Massachusetts business trust. The Fund offers multiple classes of shares. Each Class represents a pro rata interest in the Fund but is subject to different expenses and rights. The Fund does not hold annual shareholder meetings but may hold special meetings for matters that require shareholder approval (such as electing or removing trustees, approving management or advisory contracts or changing investment policies that may only be changed with shareholder approval).
Valuing Shares
The Fund values its shares once each day only when the New York Stock Exchange (the Exchange) is open for trading (typically Monday through Friday), as of the close of regular trading on the Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m. eastern time). The purchase price of Fund shares is their net asset value. When purchasing or redeeming Fund shares through a financial intermediary, your financial intermediary must receive your order by the close of regular trading on the Exchange in order for the purchase price or the redemption price to be based on that days net asset value per share. It is the financial intermediarys responsibility to transmit orders promptly. The Fund may accept purchase and redemption orders as of the time of their receipt by certain financial intermediaries (or their designated intermediaries).
The Trustees have adopted procedures for valuing investments and have delegated to the investment adviser the daily valuation of such investments and the Subsidiary has also adopted such procedures. Pursuant to procedures independent pricing services are used to value debt obligations at their market value. In determining market value, the pricing service considers various factors and market information. Most seasoned fixed-rate 30 year MBS are valued through the use of a matrix pricing system, which takes into account bond prices, yield differentials, anticipated prepayments and interest rates provided by dealers. Certain other MBS, including, but not limited to, collateralized mortgage obligations and adjustable rate MBS, are valued by independent pricing services. Exchange-listed securities and other instruments (including derivatives) normally are valued at closing sale prices. Non-exchange traded derivatives are normally valued on the basis of quotes obtained from brokers and dealers or pricing services. Such values may be based on valuation models, information provided by market makers or estimates of market values obtained from yield or market data relating to investments or securities with similar characteristics. Shares of the Subsidiary will be valued at their net asset value. In certain situations, the investment adviser may use the fair value of a security if market prices are unavailable or deemed unreliable, or if events occur after the close of a securities market (usually a foreign market) and before portfolio assets are valued which would materially affect net asset value. In addition, for foreign equity securities that meet certain criteria the Trustees have approved the use of a fair value service that values such securities to reflect market trading that occurs after the close of the applicable foreign markets of comparable securities or other instruments that have a strong correlation to the fair valued securities. A security that is fair valued may be valued at a price higher or lower than actual market quotations or the value determined by other funds using their own fair valuation procedures. Because foreign securities trade on days when Fund shares are not priced, the value of securities held by the Fund can change on days when Fund shares cannot be redeemed. The investment adviser and sub-adviser expect to use fair value pricing primarily when a security is not priced by a pricing service or the pricing service or pricing system price is deemed unreliable. The sub-adviser may also fair value price foreign securities under the circumstances described above. Eaton Vance has established a Valuation Committee that oversees the valuation of investments.
Purchasing Shares
You may purchase shares through your financial intermediary or by mailing an account application form to the transfer agent (see back cover for address). Purchase orders will be executed at the net asset value (plus any applicable sales charge) next determined after their receipt in proper form (meaning that they are complete and contain all necessary information) by the Funds transfer agent. The Funds transfer agent or your financial intermediary must receive your purchase in proper form no later than the close of regular trading on the Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m. eastern time) for your purchase to be effected at that days net asset value. If you purchase shares through a financial intermediary, that intermediary may charge you a fee for executing the purchase for you.
The Fund may suspend the sale of its shares at any time and any purchase order may be refused for any reason. The funds sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization (the Eaton Vance funds ) do not accept investments from residents of the European Union or Switzerland. The funds also do not accept investments from other non-U.S. residents, provided that a fund may accept investments from certain non-U.S. investors at the discretion of the principal underwriter. The Fund does not issue share certificates.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
15
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Class A and Class C Shares
Your initial investment must be at least $1,000. After your initial investment, additional investments may be made in any amount at any time by sending a check payable to the order of the Fund or the transfer agent directly to the transfer agent (see back cover for address). Please include your name and account number and the name of the Fund and Class of shares with each investment. You also may make additional investments by accessing your account via the Eaton Vance website at www.eatonvance.com. Purchases made through the Internet from a pre-designated bank account will have a trade date that is the first business day after the purchase is requested (provided the request is submitted no later than the close of regular trading on the Exchange). For more information about purchasing shares through the Internet, please call 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time).
You may make automatic investments of $50 or more each month or each quarter from your bank account. You can establish bank automated investing on the account application or by providing written instructions. Please call 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time) for further information. The minimum initial investment amount and Fund policy of redeeming accounts with low account balances are waived for bank automated investing accounts
,
certain group purchase plans (including
employer sponsored
retirement
plans and proprietary fee-based programs sponsored by financial intermediaries) and for persons affiliated with Eaton Vance, its affiliates and certain Fund service providers (as described in the Statement of Additional Information).
As used throughout this Prospectus, the term employer sponsored retirement plan includes the following: an employer sponsored pension or profit sharing plan that qualifies under section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code (such as a 401(k) plan, money purchase pension, profit sharing and defined benefit plan); ERISA covered 403(b) plan; TaftHartley multi-employer plan; and non-qualified deferred compensation arrangements that operate in a similar manner to a qualified retirement plan (including 457 plans and executive deferred compensation arrangements). Individual Retirement Accounts are not employer sponsored retirement plans for purposes of this definition.
Class I Shares
Class I shares are offered to clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class I shares through a no-load network or platform. Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and
employer sponsored
retirement plans
.
Class I shares also are offered to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates and certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance and certain Fund service providers. Your initial investment must be at least $250,000. Subsequent investments of any amount may be made at any time, including through automatic investment each month or quarter from your bank account. You may make automatic investments of $50 or more each month or each quarter from your bank account. You can establish bank automated investing on the account application or by providing written instructions. Please call 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time) for further information.
The minimum initial investment is waived for persons affiliated with Eaton Vance, its affiliates and certain Fund service providers (as described in the Statement of Additional Information). The minimum initial investment also is waived for
: (i)
permitted exchanges
; (ii) employer sponsored retirement plans; (iii) corporations, endowments and foundations with assets of at least $100 million; and (iv)
individual accounts of a financial intermediary that charges an ongoing fee for its services or offers Class I shares through a no-load network or platform (in each case, as described above), provided the aggregate value of such accounts invested in Class I shares is at least $250,000 (or is anticipated by the principal underwriter to reach $250,000
).
Class I shares may be purchased through a financial intermediary or by requesting your bank to transmit immediately available funds (Federal Funds) by wire. To make an initial investment by wire, you must complete an account application and telephone Eaton Vance Shareholder Services at 1-800-262-1122 to be assigned an account number. You may request an account application by calling 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time). Shareholder Services must be advised by telephone of each additional investment by wire.
Restrictions on Excessive Trading and Market Timing. The Fund is not intended for excessive trading or market timing. Market timers seek to profit by rapidly switching money into a fund when they expect the share price of the fund to rise and taking money out of the fund when they expect those prices to fall. By realizing profits through short-term trading, shareholders that engage in rapid purchases and sales (including exchanges, if permitted) of a funds shares may dilute the value of shares held by long-term shareholders. Volatility resulting from excessive purchases and sales of fund shares, especially involving large dollar amounts, may disrupt efficient portfolio management. In particular, excessive purchases and sales of a funds shares may cause a fund to have difficulty implementing its investment strategies, may force the fund to sell portfolio securities at inopportune
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
16
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
times to raise cash or may cause increased expenses (such as increased brokerage costs, realization of taxable capital gains without attaining any investment advantage or increased administrative costs).
A fund that invests all or a portion of its assets in foreign securities may be susceptible to a time zone arbitrage strategy in which shareholders attempt to take advantage of fund share prices that may not reflect developments in a foreign securities market that occur after the close of such market but prior to the pricing of fund shares. In addition, a fund that invests in securities that are, among other things, thinly traded, traded infrequently or relatively illiquid (including restricted securities, certain commodity-linked derivative instruments, emerging market securities and other securities not priced by a pricing service) is susceptible to the risk that the current market price for such securities may not accurately reflect current market values. A shareholder may seek to engage in short-term trading to take advantage of these pricing differences (commonly referred to as price arbitrage). The investment adviser and sub-adviser are authorized to use the fair value of a security if prices are unavailable or are deemed unreliable (see Valuing Shares). The use of fair value pricing and the restrictions on excessive trading and market timing described below are intended to reduce a shareholders ability to engage in price or time zone arbitrage to the detriment of the Fund.
The Boards of the
Eaton Vance
funds
have adopted policies to discourage short-term trading and market timing and to seek to minimize their potentially detrimental effects. Pursuant to these policies,
an
Eaton Vance fund shareholder who,
through one or more accounts
, completes two
round-
trips within 90 days generally will be deemed to be market timing or trading excessively in fund shares. Two round-trips within 90 days means either (1)
a purchase
of fund shares
followed
by a redemption
of fund shares followed by a purchase followed by a
redemption
or
(2) a redemption of fund shares followed
by a purchase
of fund shares followed by a redemption followed by a
purchase
, in either case with the final transaction in the sequence occurring within 90 days of the initial transaction in the sequence. Purchases and redemptions subject to the limitation include those made by exchanging to or from another fund.
Under the policies, the Fund or its
sub-transfer agent or
principal underwriter will reject or cancel a purchase order, suspend or terminate an exchange privilege or terminate the ability of an investor to invest in the Eaton Vance funds if the Fund or the principal underwriter determines that a proposed transaction involves market timing or excessive trading that it believes is likely to be detrimental to the Fund. The Fund and its principal underwriter use reasonable efforts to detect market timing and excessive trading activity, but they cannot ensure that they will be able to identify all cases of market timing and excessive trading. The Fund or its principal underwriter may also reject or cancel any purchase order (including an exchange) from an investor or group of investors for any other reason. Decisions to reject or cancel purchase orders (including exchanges) in the Fund are inherently subjective and will be made in a manner believed to be in the best interest of a Funds shareholders. No Eaton Vance fund has any arrangement to permit market timing.
The following fund share transactions (to the extent permitted by a funds prospectus) generally are exempt from the market timing and excessive trading policy described above because they generally do not raise market timing or excessive trading concerns:
·
transactions made pursuant to a systematic purchase plan or as the result of automatic reinvestment of dividends or distributions, or initiated by the Fund (e.g., for failure to meet applicable account minimums);
·
transactions made by participants in employer sponsored retirement plans involving participant payroll or employer contributions or loan repayments, redemptions as part of plan terminations or at the direction of the plan, mandatory retirement distributions, or rollovers;
·
transactions made by model-based discretionary advisory accounts; or
·
transactions made by an Eaton Vance fund that is structured as a fund-of-funds
,
provided the transactions are in response to fund inflows and outflows or are part of a reallocation of fund assets in accordance with its investment policies.
It may be difficult for the Fund or the principal underwriter to identify market timing or excessive trading in omnibus accounts traded through financial intermediaries. The Fund and the principal underwriter have provided guidance to financial intermediaries (such as banks, broker-dealers, insurance companies and retirement administrators) concerning the application of the Eaton Vance funds market timing and excessive trading policies to Fund shares held in omnibus accounts maintained and administered by such intermediaries, including guidance concerning situations where market timing or excessive trading is considered to be detrimental to the Fund. The Fund or its principal underwriter may rely on a financial intermediarys policy to restrict market timing and excessive trading if it believes that policy is likely to prevent market timing that is likely to be detrimental to the Fund. Such policy may be more or less restrictive than the Funds policy. Although the Fund or the principal underwriter reviews trading activity at the omnibus account level for activity that indicates potential market timing or excessive trading activity, the Fund and the principal underwriter typically will not request or receive individual account data unless suspicious trading activity is identified. The Fund and the principal underwriter generally rely on financial intermediaries to monitor trading activity in omnibus accounts in good faith in accordance with their own or Fund policies. The Fund and the
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
17
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
principal underwriter cannot ensure that these financial intermediaries will in all cases apply the policies of the Fund or their own policies, as the case may be, to accounts under their control.
Choosing a Share Class. The Fund offers different classes of shares. The different classes of shares represent investments in the same portfolio of securities, but the classes are subject to different expenses and will likely have different share prices due to differences in class expenses. A share class also may be subject to a sales charge. In choosing the class of shares that suits your investment needs, you should consider:
·
how long you expect to own your shares;
·
how much you intend to invest; and
·
the total operating expenses associated with owning each class.
Each investors considerations are different. You should speak with your financial intermediary to help you decide which class of shares is best for you. Set forth below is a brief description of each class of shares offered by the Fund.
Class A shares are offered at net asset value plus a front-end sales charge of up to 4.75%. This charge is deducted from the amount you invest. The Class A sales charge is reduced for purchases of $50,000 or more. The sales charge applicable to your purchase may be reduced under the right of accumulation or a statement of intention, which are described in Reducing or Eliminating Class A Sales Charges under Sales Charges below. Some investors may be eligible to purchase Class A shares at net asset value under certain circumstances, which are also described below. Class A shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 0.25% annually of average daily net assets.
Class C shares
are offered at net asset value with no front-end sales charge. If you sell your Class C shares within one year of purchase, you generally will be subject to a contingent deferred sales charge or CDSC
.
The CDSC is deducted from your redemption proceeds. Under certain circumstances, the Class C CDSC may be waived (such as certain redemptions from
employer sponsored
retirement
plans
). See CDSC Waivers under Sales Charges below. Class C shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 1.00% annually of average daily net assets. Orders for Class C shares of one or more Eaton Vance funds will be refused when the total value of the purchase (including the aggregate value of all Eaton Vance fund shares held within the purchasing shareholders account
(s))
is $
250,000 or more ($
1
million
or more
for employer sponsored retirement plans).
Investors considering cumulative purchases of $
250,000 or more ($
1
million
or more
for employer sponsored retirement plans),
or who, after a purchase of shares, would own shares of Eaton Vance funds with a current market value of $
250
,000 or more
($1 million or more for employer sponsored retirement plans),
should consider whether another Class of shares would be more advantageous and consult their financial intermediary.
Class I shares
are offered to clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class I shares through a no-load network or platform. Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and
employer sponsored retirement
plans
.
Class I shares are also offered to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates and certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance and certain Fund service providers.
Class I shares do not pay distribution or service fees.
Payments to Financial Intermediaries. In addition to payments disclosed under Sales Charges below, the principal underwriter, out of its own resources, may make cash payments to certain financial intermediaries who provide marketing support, transaction processing and/or administrative services and, in some cases, include some or all Eaton Vance funds in preferred or specialized selling programs. Payments made by the principal underwriter to a financial intermediary may be significant and are typically in the form of fees based on Fund sales, assets, transactions processed and/or accounts attributable to that financial intermediary. Financial intermediaries also may receive amounts from the principal underwriter in connection with educational or due diligence meetings that include information concerning Eaton Vance funds. The principal underwriter may pay or allow other promotional incentives or payments to financial intermediaries to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations.
Certain financial intermediaries that maintain fund accounts for the benefit of their customers provide sub-accounting, recordkeeping and/or administrative services to the Eaton Vance funds and are compensated for such services by the funds. As used in this Prospectus, the term financial intermediary includes any broker, dealer, bank (including bank trust departments), registered investment adviser, financial planner, a retirement plan and/or its administrator, their designated intermediaries and any other firm having a selling, administration or similar agreement with the principal underwriter or its affiliates.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
18
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Sales Charges
Class A Front-End Sales Charge. Class A shares are offered at net asset value per share plus a sales charge that is determined by the amount of your investment. The current sales charge schedule is:
Amount of Purchase |
Sales Charge
*
|
Sales Charge
*
|
Dealer Commission
|
Less than $50,000 |
4.75% |
4.99% |
4.00% |
$50,000 but less than $100,000 |
4.50% |
4.71% |
3.75% |
$100,000 but less than $250,000 |
3.75% |
3.90% |
3.00% |
$250,000 but less than $500,000 |
3.00% |
3.09% |
2.50% |
$500,000 but less than $1,000,000 |
2.00% |
2.04% |
1.75% |
$1,000,000 but less than $5,000,000 |
0.00** |
0.00** |
TIERED** |
$5,000,000 or more |
0.00** |
0.00** |
TIERED** |
*
Because the offering price per share is rounded to two decimal places, the actual sales charge you pay on a purchase of Class A shares may be more or less than your total purchase amount multiplied by the applicable sales charge percentage.
**
No sales charge is payable at the time of purchase on investments of $1 million or more. The principal underwriter will pay a commission to financial intermediaries on sales of $1 million or more as follows: 0.75% on amounts of $1 million or more but less than $5 million; plus 0.50% on amounts of $5 million or more. A CDSC of 1.00% will be imposed on such investments (as described below) in the event of redemptions within 18 months of purchase.
The principal underwriter may also pay commissions of up to 1.00% on sales of Class A shares made at net asset value to certain
employer sponsored
retirement plans.
Reducing or Eliminating Class A Sales Charges. Front-end sales charges on purchases of Class A shares may be reduced under the right of accumulation or under a statement of intention. To receive a reduced sales charge, you must inform your financial intermediary or the Fund at the time you purchase shares that you qualify for such a reduction. If you do not let your financial intermediary or the Fund know you are eligible for a reduced sales charge at the time of purchase, you will not receive the discount to which you may otherwise be entitled.
Right of Accumulation. Under the right of accumulation, the sales charge you pay is reduced if the current market value of your holdings in the Fund or any other Eaton Vance fund (based on the current maximum public offering price) plus your new purchase total $50,000 or more. Class A shares of Eaton Vance U.S. Government Money Market Fund cannot be included under the right of accumulation. Shares owned by you, your spouse and children under age twenty-one may be combined for purposes of the right of accumulation, including shares held for the benefit of any of you in omnibus or street name accounts. In addition, shares held in a trust or fiduciary account of which any of the foregoing persons is the sole beneficiary (including employer sponsored retirement plans and Individual Retirement Accounts) may be combined for purposes of the right of accumulation. Shares purchased and/or owned in a SEP, SARSEP and SIMPLE IRA plan also may be combined for purposes of the right of accumulation for the plan and its participants. You may be required to provide documentation to establish your ownership of shares included under the right of accumulation (such as account statements for you, your spouse and children or marriage certificates, birth certificates and/or trust or other fiduciary-related documents).
Statement of Intention.
Under a statement of intention, purchases of $50,000 or more made over a 13-month period are eligible for reduced sales charges. Shares eligible under the right of accumulation (other than those included in employer
sponsored retirement plans) may be included to satisfy the amount to be purchased under a statement of intention. Under a statement of intention, the principal underwriter may hold 5% of the dollar amount to be purchased in escrow in the form of shares registered in your name until you satisfy the statement or the 13-month period expires. A statement of intention does not obligate you to purchase (or the Fund to sell) the full amount indicated in the statement.
Class A shares are offered at net asset value (without a sales charge) to
employer sponsored
retirement
plans, and to clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class A shares through a no-load network or platform, or self-directed brokerage accounts that may or may not charge transaction fees to customers. Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and
employer sponsored
retirement plans
.
Class A shares also are offered at net asset value to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates; certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance; and to certain fund service providers as described in the Statement of Additional Information. Class A shares may
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
19
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
also be purchased at net asset value pursuant to the reinvestment privilege and exchange privilege and when distributions are reinvested. See Shareholder Account Features for details.
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge. Class A and Class C shares are subject to a CDSC on certain redemptions. The CDSC generally is paid to the principal underwriter. Class A shares purchased at net asset value in amounts of $1 million or more are subject to a 1.00% CDSC if redeemed within 18 months of purchase. Class C shares are subject to a 1.00% CDSC if redeemed within one year of purchase. CDSCs are based on the lower of the net asset value at the time of purchase or at the time of redemption. Shares acquired through the reinvestment of distributions are exempt from the CDSC. Redemptions are made first from shares that are not subject to a CDSC.
The sales commission payable to financial intermediaries in connection with sales of Class C shares is described under Distribution and Service Fees below.
CDSC Waivers.
CDSCs are waived for certain redemptions pursuant to a Withdrawal Plan (see Shareholder Account Features) and, for Class C shares, in connection with certain redemptions from
employer sponsored
retirement plans. The CDSC is also waived following the death of a beneficial owner of shares (a death certificate and other applicable documents may be required).
Distribution and Service Fees.
Class A and Class C shares have in effect plans under Rule 12b-1 that allow the Fund to pay distribution fees for the sale and distribution of shares (so-called
“
12b-1 fees
”
) and service fees for personal and/or shareholder account services. Class C shares pay distribution fees to the principal underwriter of 0.75% of average daily net assets annually. Because these fees are paid from Fund assets on an ongoing basis, they will increase your cost over time and may cost you more than paying other types of sales charges. The principal underwriter compensates financial intermediaries on sales of Class C shares (except exchange transactions and reinvestments) in an amount equal to 1% of the purchase price of the shares. After the first year, financial intermediaries also receive 0.75% of the value of Class C shares in annual distribution fees. Class C shares also pay service fees to the principal underwriter equal to 0.25% of average daily net assets annually. Class A shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 0.25% of average daily net assets annually. After the sale of shares, the principal underwriter receives the Class A distribution and service fees and the Class C service fees for one year and thereafter financial intermediaries generally receive 0.25% annually of average daily net assets based on the value of shares sold by such
financial
intermediaries for shareholder servicing performed by such
intermediaries. Distribution and service fees are subject to the limitations contained in the sales charge rule of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority.
More information about sales charges is available free of charge on the Eaton Vance website at www.eatonvance.com and in the Statement of Additional Information. Please consult the Eaton Vance website for any updates to sales charge information before making a purchase of Fund shares.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
20
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
You can redeem shares in any of the following ways:
By Mail |
Send your request to the transfer agent. The request must be signed exactly as your account is registered (for instance, a joint account must be signed by all registered owners to be accepted) and a Medallion signature guarantee may be required. You can obtain a Medallion signature guarantee at banks, savings and loan institutions, credit unions, securities dealers, securities exchanges, clearing agencies and registered securities associations that participate in The Securities Transfer Agents Medallion Program, Inc. (STAMP, Inc.). Only Medallion signature guarantees issued in accordance with STAMP, Inc. will be accepted. You may be asked to provide additional documents if your shares are registered in the name of a corporation, partnership or fiduciary. |
By Telephone |
Certain shareholders can redeem by calling 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time). Proceeds of a telephone redemption are generally limited to $100,000 per account (which may include shares of one or more Eaton Vance funds) and can be sent only to the account address or to a bank pursuant to prior instructions. |
By Internet |
Certain shareholders can redeem by logging on to the Eaton Vance website at www.eatonvance.com. Proceeds of internet redemptions are generally limited to $100,000 per account (which may include shares of one or more Eaton Vance funds) and can be sent only to the account address or to a bank pursuant to prior instructions. |
For Additional Information |
Please call 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time). |
Through a Financial Intermediary |
Your financial intermediary is responsible for transmitting the order promptly. A financial intermediary may charge a fee for this service. |
If you redeem shares, your redemption price will be based on the net asset value per share next computed after the redemption request is received in proper form (meaning that it is complete and contains all necessary information) by the Funds transfer agent or your financial intermediary. Your redemption proceeds normally will be paid in cash within seven days, reduced by the amount of any applicable CDSC and any federal income and state tax required to be withheld. Payments will be sent by regular mail. However, if you have given complete written authorization in advance, you may request that the redemption proceeds be wired directly to your bank account. The bank designated may be any bank in the United States. The request may be made by calling 1-800-262-1122 or by sending a Medallion signature guaranteed letter of instruction to the transfer agent (see back cover for address). Certain redemption requests including those involving shares held by certain corporations, trusts or certain other entities and shares that are subject to certain fiduciary arrangements may require additional documentation and may be redeemed only by mail. You may be required to pay the costs of such transaction by the Fund or your bank. No costs are currently charged by the Fund. However, charges may apply for expedited mail delivery services. The Fund may suspend or terminate the expedited payment procedure upon at least 30 days notice.
If you recently purchased shares, the proceeds of a redemption will not be sent until the purchase check (including a certified or cashiers check) has cleared. If the purchase check has not cleared, redemption proceeds may be delayed up to 15 days from the purchase date. If your account value falls below $750 (other than due to market decline), you may be asked either to add to your account or redeem it within 60 days. If you take no action, your account will be redeemed and the proceeds sent to you.
While redemption proceeds are normally paid in cash, redemptions may be paid by distributing marketable securities. If you receive securities, you could incur brokerage or other charges in converting the securities to cash.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
21
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Shareholder Account Features
Distributions. You may have your Fund distributions paid in one of the following ways:
Full Reinvest Option |
Distributions are reinvested in additional shares. This option will be assigned if you do not specify an option. |
Partial Reinvest Option |
Dividends are paid in cash and capital gains are reinvested in additional shares. |
Cash Option |
Distributions are paid in cash. |
Exchange Option |
Distributions are reinvested in additional shares of any class of another Eaton Vance fund chosen by you, subject to the terms of that funds prospectus. Before selecting this option, you must obtain a prospectus of the other fund and consider its objectives, risks, and charges and expenses carefully. |
Information about the Fund. From time to time, you may receive the following:
·
Semiannual and annual reports containing a list of portfolio holdings as of the end of the second and fourth fiscal quarters, respectively, performance information and financial statements.
·
Periodic account statements, showing recent activity and total share balance.
·
Tax information needed to prepare your income tax returns.
·
Proxy materials, in the event a shareholder vote is required.
·
Special notices about significant events affecting your Fund.
Most fund information (including semiannual and annual reports, prospectuses and proxy statements) as well as your periodic account statements can be delivered electronically. For more information please go to www.eatonvance.com/edelivery.
The Eaton Vance funds have established policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of portfolio holdings and other information concerning Fund characteristics. A description of these policies and procedures is provided below and additionally in the Statement of Additional Information. Such policies and procedures regarding disclosure of portfolio holdings are designed to prevent the misuse of material, non-public information about the funds.
The Fund will file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) a list of its portfolio holdings as of the end of the first and third fiscal quarters on Form N-Q. The Funds annual and semiannual reports (as filed on Form N-CSR) and each Form N-Q may be viewed on the SECs website (www.sec.gov). The most recent fiscal quarter-end holdings may also be viewed on the Eaton Vance website (www.eatonvance.com). Portfolio holdings information that is filed with the SEC is posted on the Eaton Vance website approximately 60 days after the end of the quarter to which it relates. Portfolio holdings information as of each calendar quarter end is posted to the website approximately one month after such quarter end. The Fund also posts information about certain portfolio characteristics (such as top ten holdings and asset allocation) at least quarterly on the Eaton Vance website approximately ten business days after the period and the Fund may also post performance attribution as of a month end or more frequently if deemed appropriate.
Withdrawal Plan. You may redeem shares on a regular periodic basis by establishing a systematic withdrawal plan. Withdrawals will not be subject to any applicable CDSC if they are, in the aggregate, less than or equal to 12% annually of the greater of either the initial account balance or the current account balance. Because purchases of Class A shares are generally subject to an initial sales charge, Class A shareholders should not make withdrawals from their accounts while also making purchases.
Exchange Privilege.
You may exchange your Fund shares for shares of the same Class of another Eaton Vance fund. For purposes of exchanges among Eaton Vance funds, Class A and Class I shares are deemed to be the same as Investor Class and Institutional Class shares, respectively, of other Eaton Vance funds. Exchanges are made at net asset value. If your shares are subject to a CDSC, the CDSC will continue to apply to your new shares at the same CDSC rate. For purposes of the CDSC, your shares will continue to age from the date of your original purchase of Fund shares. Any class of shares of a fund may be exchanged for any other class of shares of that fund, provided that the shares being exchanged are no longer subject to a CDSC and the conditions for investing in the other class of shares described in the applicable prospectus are satisfied.
Before exchanging, you should read the prospectus of the new fund carefully. Exchanges are subject to the terms applicable to purchases of the new funds shares as set forth in its prospectus. If you wish to exchange shares, write to the transfer agent (see
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
22
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
back cover for address), log on to your account at www.eatonvance.com or call 1-800-262-1122. Periodic automatic exchanges are also available. The exchange privilege may be changed or discontinued at any time. You will receive at least 60 days notice of any material change to the privilege. This privilege may not be used for market timing and may be terminated for market timing accounts or for any other reason. For additional information, see Restrictions on Excessive Trading and Market Timing under Purchasing Shares. Ordinarily exchanges between different funds are taxable transactions for federal tax purposes, while permitted exchanges of one class for shares of another class of the same fund are not. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors regarding the applicability of federal, state, local and other taxes to transactions in Fund shares.
Reinvestment Privilege. If you redeem shares, you may reinvest at net asset value all or any portion of the redemption proceeds in the same class of shares of the Fund you redeemed from, provided that the reinvestment occurs within 60 days of the redemption, and the privilege has not been used more than once in the prior 12 months. Under these circumstances your account will be credited with any CDSC paid in connection with the redemption. Any CDSC period applicable to the shares you acquire upon reinvestment will run from the date of your original share purchase. Reinvestment requests must be in writing. At the time of a reinvestment, you or your financial intermediary must notify the Fund or the transfer agent that you are reinvesting redemption proceeds in accordance with this privilege. If you reinvest, your purchase will be at the next determined net asset value following receipt of your request.
Telephone and Electronic Transactions. You can redeem or (if permitted) exchange shares by telephone as described in this Prospectus. In addition, certain transactions may be conducted through the Eaton Vance website. The transfer agent and the principal underwriter have procedures in place to authenticate telephone and electronic instructions (such as using security codes or verifying personal account information). As long as the transfer agent and principal underwriter follow reasonable procedures, they will not be responsible for unauthorized telephone or electronic transactions and you bear the risk of possible loss resulting from these transactions. You may decline the telephone redemption option on the account application. Telephone instructions are recorded.
Street Name Accounts. If your shares are held in a street name account at a financial intermediary, that intermediary (and not the Fund or its transfer agent) will perform all recordkeeping, transaction processing and distribution payments. Because the Fund does not maintain an account for you, you should contact your financial intermediary to make transactions in shares, make changes in your account, or obtain account information. You will not be able to utilize a number of shareholder features, such as telephone or internet transactions, directly with the Fund and certain features may be subject to different requirements. If you transfer shares in a street name account to an account with another financial intermediary or to an account directly with the Fund, you should obtain historical information about your shares prior to the transfer.
Procedures for Opening New Accounts. To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, federal law requires financial institutions to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each new customer who opens a Fund account and to determine whether such persons name appears on government lists of known or suspected terrorists or terrorist organizations. When you open an account, the transfer agent or your financial intermediary will ask you for your name, address, date of birth (for individuals), residential or business street address (although post office boxes are still permitted for mailing) and social security number, taxpayer identification number, or other government-issued identifying number. You also may be asked to produce a copy of your drivers license, passport or other identifying documents in order to verify your identity. In addition, it may be necessary to verify your identity by cross-referencing your identification information with a consumer report or other electronic databases. Other information or documents may be required to open accounts for corporations and other entities. Federal law prohibits the Fund and other financial institutions from opening a new account unless they receive the minimum identifying information described above. If a person fails to provide the information requested, any application by that person to open a new account will be rejected. Moreover, if the transfer agent or the financial intermediary is unable to verify the identity of a person based on information provided by that person, it may take additional steps including, but not limited to, requesting additional information or documents from the person, closing the persons account or reporting the matter to the appropriate federal authorities. If your account is closed for this reason, your shares may be automatically redeemed at the net asset value next determined. If the Funds net asset value has decreased since your purchase, you will lose money as a result of this redemption. The Fund has also designated an anti-money laundering compliance officer.
Account Questions. If you have any questions about your account or the services available, please call Eaton Vance Shareholder Services at 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time), or write to the transfer agent (see back cover for address).
Additional Tax Information
The Fund
expects to pay any required
dividends at least once annually and intends to
distribute any net realized
capital gains annually. Different classes may distribute different dividend amounts. Distributions of investment income and net gains from investments held for one year or less will be taxable as ordinary income. Distributions of any net gains from investments held for more than one year are taxable as long-term capital gains. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
23
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
long the Fund owned the investments that generated the gains, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her shares in the Fund. A majority of the Funds distributions may be taxed as ordinary income. Distributions of investment income reported by the Fund as derived from qualified dividend income (as further described in the Statement of Additional Information) will be taxable to shareholders at the rates applicable to long-term capital gains provided holding period and other requirements are met at both the shareholder and the Portfolio or Fund level. Over time, distributions by the Fund can generally be expected to include ordinary income, qualified dividend income and capital gain distributions taxable as long-term capital gains. The Funds distributions are taxable whether they are paid in cash or reinvested in additional shares. A portion of the Funds distributions may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction for corporations.
Investments in foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes or other foreign taxes with respect to income (possibly including, in some cases, capital gains), which may decrease the yield on those securities. Shareholders generally will not be entitled to claim a credit or deduction with respect to such foreign taxes paid. In addition, investments in foreign securities or foreign currencies may increase or accelerate the Funds recognition of ordinary income and may affect the timing or amount of the Funds distributions.
The Fund may include in its distributions amounts attributable to the imputed interest on foreign currency exposures through positions in forward currency exchange contracts (represented by the difference between the foreign currency spot rate and the foreign currency forward rate) and the imputed interest derived from certain other derivatives positions. In certain circumstances, this may result in a distribution of a return of capital for federal income tax purposes. The amount treated as a return of capital is not subject to tax, and will reduce a shareholders adjusted basis in his or her shares. Under federal law, the Fund is required to notify shareholders of the components of any distribution that includes amounts from sources other than net income.
One of the requirements for favorable tax treatment as a regulated investment company under the Code is that the Fund derive at least 90% of its gross income from certain qualifying sources of income. The Fund has received from the IRS a private letter ruling that confirms that income from
certain commodity index-linked notes
,
which create commodity exposure
will
be considered qualifying income under the Code. The Fund also received a ruling that income derived from the Funds investment in the Subsidiary will also constitute qualifying income to the Fund.
Periodic adjustments for inflation to the principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond may give rise to original issue discount, which will be includable in the Funds gross income. Due to original issue discount, the Fund may be required to make annual distributions to shareholders that exceed the cash received, which may cause the Fund to liquidate certain investments when it is not advantageous to do so. Also, if the principal value of an inflation-indexed bond is adjusted downward due to deflation, amounts previously distributed in the taxable year may be characterized in some circumstances as a return of capital.
The unearned income of certain U.S. individuals, estates and trusts is subject to a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax. For individuals, the tax is on the lesser of the net investment income and the excess of modified adjusted gross income over $200,000 (or $250,000 if married filing jointly). Net investment income includes, among other things, interest, dividends, and gross income and capital gains derived from passive activities and trading in securities or commodities. Net investment income is reduced by deductions properly allocable to this income.
Investors who purchase shares at a time when the Funds net asset value reflects gains that are either unrealized or realized but not distributed will pay the full price for the shares and then may receive some portion of the purchase price back as a taxable distribution. Certain distributions paid in January may be taxable to shareholders as if received on December 31 of the prior year. A redemption of Fund shares, including an exchange for shares of another fund, is a taxable transaction.
Certain foreign entities may be subject to a 30% withholding tax on dividend income paid after
June 30, 2014
and on redemption proceeds paid after December 31, 2016 under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA). To avoid withholding, foreign financial institutions subject to FATCA must agree to disclose to the relevant revenue authorities certain information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. owners and other foreign entities must certify certain information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. owners to the Fund. For more detailed information regarding FATCA withholding and compliance, please refer to the Statement of Additional Information.
The Fund may be required to withhold, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, 28% of the dividends, distributions and redemption proceeds payable to shareholders who fail to provide the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification number or make required certifications, or who have been notified by the Internal Revenue Service that they are subject to backup withholding. Certain shareholders are exempt from backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amount withheld may be credited against a shareholders U.S. federal income tax liability.
Shareholders should consult with their tax advisors concerning the applicability of federal, state, local and other taxes to an investment.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
24
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights
The financial highlights are intended to help you understand the Funds financial performance for the period(s) indicated. Certain information in the table reflects the financial results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the table represent the rate an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in the Fund (assuming reinvestment of all distributions at net asset value). This information has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm. The report of Deloitte & Touche LLP and the Funds financial statements are incorporated herein by reference and included in the Funds annual report, which is available upon request.
|
Year Ended December 31, |
Period Ended December 31, |
||||||||||
|
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2010 (1) |
||||||||
|
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Class A |
Class C |
Class I |
Net asset value - Beginning of period |
$9.180 |
$8.990 |
$9.190 |
$9.280 |
$9.150 |
$9.300 |
$11.140 |
$11.070 |
$11.140 |
$10.000 |
$10.000 |
$10.000 |
Income (loss) from operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (loss) (2) |
$(0.054) |
$(0.113) |
$(0.035) |
$0.035 |
$(0.035) |
$0.059 |
$(0.029) |
$(0.108) |
$(0.005) |
$(0.073) |
$(0.136) |
$(0.053) |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
(1.010) |
(0.991) |
(0.999) |
(0.120) |
(0.115) |
(0.128) |
(1.511) |
(1.492) |
(1.515) |
2.000 |
1.984 |
1.986 |
Total income (loss) from operations |
$(1.064) |
$(1.104) |
$(1.034) |
$(0.085) |
$(0.150) |
$(0.069) |
$(1.540) |
$(1.600) |
$(1.520) |
$1.927 |
$1.848 |
$1.933 |
Less distributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net investment income |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$(0.012) |
$(0.007) |
$(0.007) |
$(0.007) |
$(0.775) |
$(0.766) |
$(0.781) |
From net realized gain |
(0.036) |
(0.036) |
(0.036) |
(0.015) |
(0.010) |
(0.029) |
(0.313) |
(0.313) |
(0.313) |
(0.012) |
(0.012) |
(0.012) |
Total distributions |
$(0.036) |
$(0.036) |
$(0.036) |
$(0.015) |
$(0.010) |
$(0.041) |
$(0.320) |
$(0.320) |
$(0.320) |
$(0.787) |
$(0.778) |
$(0.793) |
Net asset value - End of period |
$8.080 |
$7.850 |
$8.120 |
$9.180 |
$8.990 |
$9.190 |
$9.280 |
$9.150 |
$9.300 |
$11.140 |
$11.070 |
$11.140 |
Total Return (3) |
(11.60)% |
(12.29)% |
(11.26)% |
(0.92)% |
(1.64)% |
(0.74)% |
(13.83)% |
(14.46)% |
(13.65)% |
19.35% (4) |
18.56% (4) |
19.40% (4) |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$43,845 |
$11,911 |
$574,341 |
$40,990 |
$18,731 |
$289,409 |
$59,349 |
$26,740 |
$180,294 |
$46,596 |
$12,258 |
$181,934 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses (5) |
1.48% |
2.23% |
1.23% |
1.50% (6) |
2.25% (6) |
1.25% (6) |
1.50% (6) |
2.25% (6) |
1.25% (6) |
1.50% (6)(7) |
2.25% (6)(7) |
1.25% (6)(7) |
Net investment income (loss) |
(0.63)% |
(1.34)% |
(0.41)% |
0.37% |
(0.38)% |
0.63% |
(0.27)% |
(1.01)% |
(0.05)% |
(0.91)% (7) |
(1.69)% (7) |
(0.68)% (7) |
Portfolio Turnover |
264% |
264% |
264% |
355% |
355% |
355% |
146% |
146% |
146% |
77% (4) |
77% (4) |
77% (4) |
(1)
For the period from the start of business, April 8, 2010, to December 31, 2010.
(2)
Computed using average shares outstanding.
(3)
Returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value with all distributions reinvested and do not reflect the effect of sales charges, if applicable.
(4)
Not annualized.
(5)
Excludes the effect of custody fee credits, if any, of less than 0.005%.
(6)
The investment adviser
and administrator
and sub-adviser
reimbursed operating expenses (equal to 0.09%, 0.02% and 0.22% of average daily net assets for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 and the period from the start of business, April 8, 2010, to December 31, 2010, respectively).
(7)
Annualized.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
25
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
More Information
About the Fund: More information is available in the Statement of Additional Information. The Statement of Additional Information is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus. Additional information about the Funds investments is available in the annual and semiannual reports to shareholders. In the annual report, you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Funds performance during the past fiscal year. You may obtain free copies of the Statement of Additional Information and the shareholder reports on Eaton Vances website at www.eatonvance.com or by contacting the principal underwriter:
Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc.
Two International Place
Boston, MA 02110
1-800-262-1122
website: www.eatonvance.com
You will find and may copy information about the Fund (including the Statement of Additional Information and shareholder reports): at the SECs public reference room in Washington, DC (call 1-800-732-0330 for information on the operation of the public reference room); on the EDGAR Database on the SECs website (www.sec.gov); or, upon payment of copying fees, by writing to the SECs Public Reference Section, 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549-0102, or by electronic mail at publicinfo@sec.gov.
Shareholder Inquiries: You can obtain more information from Eaton Vance Shareholder Services or the Fund transfer agent, BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. If you own shares and would like to add to, redeem or change your account, please write or call below:
Regular Mailing Address:
|
|
Overnight Mailing Address:
|
|
Phone Number:
|
The Funds Investment Company Act No. is 811-01545. |
|
4424 5.1.14 |
© 2014 Eaton Vance Management |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
Class A Shares - ETGIX
Class B Shares - EMGIX
Class C Shares - ECGIX
Class I Shares - EGIIX
A diversified fund investing in companies in India
Prospectus Dated
May 1,
2014
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved these securities or determined whether this Prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Information in this Prospectus
|
Page |
|
Page |
Fund Summary |
2 |
Investment Objective & Principal Policies and Risks |
6 |
Investment Objective |
2 |
Management and Organization |
9 |
Fees and Expenses of the Fund |
2 |
Valuing Shares |
10 |
Portfolio Turnover |
2 |
Purchasing Shares |
10 |
Principal Investment Strategies |
2 |
Sales Charges |
14 |
Principal Risks |
3 |
Redeeming Shares |
16 |
Performance |
4 |
Shareholder Account Features |
17 |
Management |
5 |
Additional Tax Information |
18 |
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares |
5 |
Financial Highlights |
20 |
Tax Information |
5 |
|
|
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries |
5 |
|
|
This Prospectus contains important information about the Fund and the services
available to shareholders. Please save it for reference.
Investment Objective
The Funds investment objective is to seek long-term capital appreciation.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for a reduced sales charge if you invest, or agree to invest over a 13-month period, at least $50,000 in Eaton Vance funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in Sales Charges beginning on page 14 of this Prospectus and page 20 of the Funds Statement of Additional Information.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of offering price) |
5.75% |
None |
None |
None |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at purchase or redemption) |
None |
5.00% |
1.00% |
None |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) (1) |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Management Fees |
1.25% |
1.25% |
1.25% |
1.25% |
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.30% |
1.00% |
1.00% |
n/a |
Other Expenses |
0.47 % |
0.47 % |
0.47 % |
0.47 % |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
2.02% |
2.72% |
2.72% |
1.72% |
Expense Reimbursement (2) |
(0.14) % |
(0.14) % |
(0.14) % |
(0.14) % |
Net Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
1.88% |
2.58% |
2.58% |
1.58% |
(1)
Expenses in the table above and the Example below reflect the expenses of the Fund and the Greater India Portfolio (the Portfolio), the Funds master Portfolio.
(2)
The investment adviser and sub-adviser have agreed to reimburse the Funds expenses to the extent that Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses exceed 1.88% for Class A shares, 2.58% for Class B and Class C shares and 1.58% for Class I shares. This expense reimbursement will continue through April 30,
2015
. Any amendment to or a termination of this reimbursement would require written approval of the Board of Trustees. The expense reimbursement relates to ordinary operating expenses only and does not include expenses such as: brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses
of unaffiliated funds
, interest expense, taxes or litigation expenses. Amounts reimbursed may be recouped by the investment adviser and sub-adviser during the Funds current fiscal year to the extent actual expenses are less than the contractual expense cap during such year.
Example. This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
|
Expenses with Redemption |
Expenses without Redemption |
||||||
|
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
Class A shares |
$ 755 |
$ 1,159 |
$ 1,588 |
$ 2,778 |
$ 755 |
$ 1,159 |
$ 1,588 |
$ 2,778 |
Class B shares |
$ 761 |
$ 1,231 |
$ 1,627 |
$ 2,873 |
$ 261 |
$ 831 |
$ 1,427 |
$ 2,873 |
Class C shares |
$ 361 |
$ 831 |
$ 1,427 |
$ 3,041 |
$ 261 |
$ 831 |
$ 1,427 |
$ 3,041 |
Class I shares |
$ 161 |
$ 528 |
$ 920 |
$ 2,019 |
$ 161 |
$ 528 |
$ 920 |
$ 2,019 |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over the portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was
42
% of the average value of its portfolio.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
2
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Principal Investment Strategies
Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in equity securities of companies in India and surrounding countries of the Indian subcontinent (Greater India investments) (the 80% Policy). A company will be considered to be in India or another country if it is domiciled in or derives more than 50% of its revenue or profits from that country. Greater India investments are typically listed on stock exchanges in countries of the Indian subcontinent, but also include securities traded in markets outside these countries, including securities trading in the form of depositary receipts. The Fund normally invests at least 50% of its total assets in equity securities of Indian companies, and no more than 5% of its total assets in companies located in countries other than India, Pakistan or Sri Lanka.
The Fund invests in companies with a broad range of market capitalizations, including smaller companies. The Fund may make direct investments in companies in private placement transactions. More than 25% of the Funds total assets may be denominated in any single currency. At times, the Fund may attempt to hedge foreign currency fluctuations by entering into forward foreign currency exchange contracts and options. The Fund may also lend its securities.
In selecting securities for the Fund, the investment sub-adviser considers companies that it believes have all or most of the following characteristics: sound and well-established management; producers of goods or services for which a clear, continuing and long-term demand can be identified within the context of national, regional and global development; a history of earnings growth; financial strength; a consistent or progressive dividend policy; and undervalued securities. Stocks will generally be sold when they have achieved their perceived value or when a countrys stock market is expected to be depressed for an extended period.
The Fund currently invests its assets in
the
Portfolio
,
a separate registered investment company with the same investment objective and policies as the Fund.
Principal Risks
Equity Investing Risk. The Funds shares are sensitive to stock market volatility and the stocks in which the Fund invests may be more volatile than the stock market as a whole. The prices of stocks may decline in response to conditions affecting the general economy; overall market changes; local, regional or global political, social or economic instability; and currency, interest rate and commodity price fluctuations, as well as issuer or sector specific events. Market conditions may affect certain types of stocks to a greater extent than other types of stocks. If the stock market declines, the value of Fund shares will also likely decline and, although stock values can rebound, there is no assurance that values will return to previous levels.
Foreign and Emerging Market Investment Risk. Because the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in foreign instruments, the value of Fund shares can be adversely affected by changes in currency exchange rates and political, economic and market developments abroad. In emerging or less developed countries, these risks can be more significant. Investment markets in emerging market countries are typically substantially smaller, less liquid and more volatile than the major markets in developed countries. As a result, Fund share values may be more volatile than if the Fund invested only in developed markets. Emerging market countries may have relatively unstable governments and economies. Emerging market investments often are subject to speculative trading, which typically contributes to volatility. Trading in foreign and emerging markets typically involves higher expense than trading in the United States. The Fund may have difficulties enforcing its legal or contractual rights in a foreign country. The value of investments denominated in foreign currencies can be adversely affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Depositary receipts are subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities, including political, economic and market risks.
Risks of Investing in India. Countries in the India region are typically considered emerging market countries. The securities markets in the India region are substantially smaller, less liquid and more volatile than the major securities markets in the United States, and are undergoing a period of growth and change, which may result in trading or price volatility and difficulties in the settlement and recording of transactions, and in interpreting and applying relevant laws and regulations. The securities markets in these countries are comparatively underdeveloped and may be concentrated in certain sectors. In addition, governmental actions can have a significant effect on the economic conditions in the India region, which could adversely affect the value and liquidity of investments.
Small Company Equity Risk.
The stocks of small and emerging companies are generally subject to greater price fluctuations, limited liquidity, higher transaction costs and higher investment risk
than the stocks of larger, more established companies.
Small and emerging companies may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, may be dependent on a limited management group, and may lack substantial capital reserves or an established performance record. There may be generally less publicly available information about such companies than for larger, more established companies. Stocks of these companies frequently have lower trading volumes making them more volatile and potentially more difficult to value.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
3
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Geographic Risk.
Because the Fund may invest
a significant portion of its assets
in a particular geographic region or country, the value of Fund shares may be affected by events that adversely affect that region or country and may fluctuate more than that of a fund that has less exposure to such region or country.
Derivatives Risk. The use of derivatives can lead to losses because of adverse movements in the price or value of the asset, index, rate or instrument underlying a derivative, due to failure of a counterparty or due to tax or regulatory constraints. Derivatives may create economic leverage in the Fund, which magnifies the Funds exposure to the underlying investment. Derivatives risk may be more significant when derivatives are used to enhance return or as a substitute for a cash investment position, rather than solely to hedge the risk of a position held by the Fund. When derivatives are used to gain or limit exposure to a particular market or market segment, their performance may not correlate as expected to the performance of such market, thereby causing the Fund to fail to achieve its original purpose for using such derivatives. A decision as to whether, when and how to use derivatives involves the exercise of specialized skill and judgment, and a transaction may be unsuccessful in whole or in part because of market behavior or unexpected events. Derivative instruments traded in over-the-counter markets may be difficult to value, may be illiquid, and may be subject to wide swings in valuation caused by changes in the value of the underlying instrument. If a derivatives counterparty is unable to honor its commitments, the value of Fund shares may decline and the Fund could experience delays in the return of collateral or other assets held by the counterparty. The loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Securities Lending Risk.
Securities lending involves possible delay in recovery of the securities or possible loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower fail financially. As a result, the value of Fund shares may fall and there may be a delay in recovering the loaned securities. The value of Fund shares could also fall if a loan is called and the Fund is required to liquidate reinvested collateral at a loss or if the
sub-
adviser is unable to reinvest cash collateral at rates that exceed the costs involved.
Risks Associated with Active Management. The Fund is an actively managed portfolio and its success depends upon the investment skills and analytical abilities of the sub-adviser to develop and effectively implement strategies to achieve the Funds investment objective. Subjective decisions made by the sub-adviser may cause the Fund to incur losses or to miss profit opportunities on which it may otherwise have capitalized.
General Fund Investing Risks. The Fund is not a complete investment program and you may lose money by investing in the Fund. All investments carry a certain amount of risk and there is no guarantee that the Fund will be able to achieve its investment objective. Annual Fund Operating Expenses expressed as a percentage of the Funds average daily net assets may change as Fund assets increase and decrease, and Annual Fund Operating Expenses may differ in the future. Purchase and redemption activities by Fund shareholders may impact the management of the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective. In addition, the redemption by one or more large shareholders or groups of shareholders of their holdings in the Fund could have an adverse impact on the remaining shareholders in the Fund. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person. Mutual funds, investment advisers, other market participants and many securities markets are subject to rules and regulations and the jurisdiction of one or more regulators. Changes to applicable rules and regulations could have an adverse affect on securities markets and market participants, as well as on the Funds ability to execute its investment strategy.
Performance
The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Funds performance from year to year and how the Funds average annual returns over time compare with those of a broad-based securities market index. The returns in the bar chart are for Class A shares and do not reflect a sales charge. If the sales charge was reflected, the returns would be lower. Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. The Funds performance reflects the effects of expense reductions. Absent these reductions, performance would have been lower. Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com.
For
the ten years ended December 31,
2013
, the highest quarterly total return for Class A was 61.09% for the quarter ended June 30, 2009, and the lowest quarterly return was -28.06% for the quarter ended December 31, 2008.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
4
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
These returns reflect the maximum sales charge for Class A (5.75%) and any applicable contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) for Class B and Class C. The Class C performance shown above for the period prior to July 7, 2006 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Class B shares, adjusted for the sales charge that applies to Class C shares (but not adjusted for any other differences in the expenses of the two classes) and the Class I performance shown above for the period prior to October 1, 2009 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Class A shares at net asset value without adjustment for any differences in the expenses of the two classes. If adjusted for other expenses, returns would be different. Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.
After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from the after-tax returns presented for Class A shares. Return After Taxes on Distributions may be the same as Return Before Taxes for a period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Management
Investment Adviser. Boston Management and Research (BMR).
Investment Sub-Adviser.
BMO Global Asset Management (Asia) Limited (BMO GAM (Asia)) (formerly,
Lloyd George Management (Hong Kong) Limited (LGM-HK
)).
Portfolio Manager.
The Portfolio is managed by Christopher Darling,
Chief Investment Officer Asia at BMO GAM (Asia),
who has managed the Portfolio since 2007.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares on any business day, which is any day the New York Stock Exchange is open for business. Class B shares are only available for purchase upon exchange from another Eaton Vance fund or through reinvestment of distributions. You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares either through your financial intermediary or directly from the Fund either by writing to the Fund, P.O. Box 9653, Providence, RI 02940-9653, or by calling 1-800-262-1122. The minimum initial purchase or exchange into the Fund is $1,000 for each Class (with the exception of Class I) and $250,000 for Class I (waived in certain circumstances). There is no minimum for subsequent investments.
The Funds distributions are expected to be taxed as ordinary income and/or capital gains, unless you are exempt from taxation.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase Fund shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank) (collectively, financial intermediaries), the Fund, its principal underwriter and its affiliates may pay the financial intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the financial intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediarys website for more information.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
5
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Investment Objective & Principal Policies and Risks
The Fund and Portfolio are permitted to engage in the following investment practices to the extent set forth in Fund Summary above. References to the Fund below are to the Fund and Portfolio, as applicable.
A statement of the investment objective and principal investment policies and risks of the Fund is set forth above in Fund Summary. As noted in the Fund Summary, the Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in the Portfolio named therein, which has the same investment objective and policies as the Fund. Set forth below is additional information about such policies and risks of the Fund described in Fund Summary above. Information also is included about other types of investments and practices that the Fund may engage in from time to time.
Foreign and Emerging Market Investments. Investments in foreign issuers could be affected by factors not present in the United States, including expropriation, armed conflict, confiscatory taxation, lack of uniform accounting and auditing standards, less publicly available financial and other information, and potential difficulties in enforcing contractual obligations. Because foreign issuers may not be subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standard practices and requirements and regulatory measures comparable to those in the United States, there may be less publicly available information about such foreign issuers. Settlements of securities transactions in foreign countries are subject to risk of loss, may be delayed and are generally less frequent than in the United States, which could affect the liquidity of the Funds assets.
As an alternative to holding foreign-traded investments, the Fund may invest in
U.S.
dollar-denominated investments of foreign companies that trade on U.S. exchanges or in the U.S. over-the-counter market (including depositary receipts
, which
evidence ownership in underlying foreign investments
and are subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities.
The foregoing risks of foreign investing can be more significant in less developed countries characterized as emerging market countries, which may offer higher potential for gains and losses than investments in the developed markets of the world. Political and economic structures in emerging market countries generally lack the social, political and economic stability of developed countries, which may affect the value of the Funds investments in these countries and also the ability of the Fund to access markets in such countries. Governmental actions can have a significant effect on the economic conditions in emerging market countries, which also may adversely affect the value and liquidity of the Funds investments. The laws of emerging market countries relating to the limited liability of corporate shareholders, fiduciary duties of officers and directors, and bankruptcy of state enterprises are generally less well developed than or different from such laws in the United States. It may be more difficult to obtain a judgment in the courts of these countries than it is in the United States. Disruptions due to work stoppages and trading improprieties in foreign securities markets have caused such markets to close. If extended closings were to occur in stock markets where the Fund is heavily invested, the Funds ability to redeem Fund shares could become impaired. In such circumstances, the Fund may have to sell more liquid securities than it would otherwise choose to sell. Emerging market securities are also subject to speculative trading, which contributes to their volatility.
Greater India Investments. The securities markets in the India region are substantially smaller, less liquid and more volatile than the major securities markets in the United States and the securities industries in these countries are comparatively underdeveloped. Financial intermediaries may not perform as well as their counterparts in the United States and other more developed securities markets. In some cases, physical delivery of securities in small lots has been required in India and a shortage of vault capacity and trained personnel has existed among qualified custodial Indian banks. The Fund may be unable to sell securities where the registration process is incomplete and may experience delays in receipt of dividends. If trading volume is limited by operational difficulties, the ability of the Fund to invest its assets may be impaired. In recent years, exchange-listed companies in the technology sector and related sectors (such as software) have grown so as to represent a significant portion of the total capitalization of the Indian market. The value of these companies will generally fluctuate in response to technological and regulatory developments. In addition, governmental actions can have a significant effect on the economic conditions in the India region, which could adversely affect the value and liquidity of investments. Although the governments of India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka have recently begun to institute economic reform policies, there can be no assurance that they will continue to pursue such policies or, if they do, that such policies will succeed.
The Indian government has exercised, and continues to exercise, significant influence over many aspects of the Indian economy. Foreign investment in the securities of issuers in greater India countries is usually restricted or controlled to some degree. In addition, the availability of financial instruments with exposure to Indian financial markets may be substantially limited by the restrictions on Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs), such as the investment sub-adviser.
Only registered FIIs and non-Indian mutual funds that comply with certain statutory conditions may make direct portfolio investments in exchange-traded Indian securities. FIIs are required to register with and be approved by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), and must continue to satisfy certain requirements imposed by SEBI. The investment sub-adviser is a registered FII and the inclusion of the
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
6
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Portfolio in the investment sub-advisers registration was approved by SEBI. There can be no guarantee that the investment sub-adviser and Portfolio will satisfy these requirements to continue their FII status. FIIs are required to observe certain investment restrictions, including an account ownership ceiling of 10% of the total issued share capital of any one company, which may limit
the
Fund's ability to invest in issuers or to fully pursue its investment objective. Income, gains and initial capital with respect to such investments are freely repatriable, subject to payment of applicable Indian taxes. In general, transactions conducted through a recognized Indian stock exchange are subject to securities transactional taxes and short-term capital gain taxes at the rate of 15% plus surcharges. Transactions that are not conducted through a recognized Indian stock exchange and transactions involving the sale of publicly traded debt securities are subject to long-term capital gain taxes at the rate of 10% plus surcharges and short-term capital gain taxes at the rate of 30% plus surcharges. India imposes a tax on interest on securities at a rate of 20% plus surcharges. This tax is imposed on the investor. India imposes a tax on dividends paid by an Indian company at a rate of 12.5% plus surcharges. This tax is imposed on the company
that
pays the dividends.
In Pakistan, the Fund may invest in the shares of issuers listed on any of the stock exchanges in the country provided that the purchase price as certified by a local stock exchange broker is paid in foreign exchange transferred into Pakistan through a commercial bank and, in the case of an off-exchange sale of listed shares, that the sale price is not less than the price quoted on any of the local stock exchanges on the date of the sale. In addition, the issuers shares held by the Fund must be registered with the State Bank of Pakistan for purposes of repatriation of income, gains and initial capital. The Fund may also invest in the shares of unlisted and closely-held manufacturing companies provided that the sale price is certified by a Pakistani chartered accountant to be not less than the break-up value of the shares, and is paid in foreign exchange transferred into Pakistan through a commercial bank. If local procedures are complied with, income, gains and initial capital are freely repatriable after payment of any applicable Pakistani withholding taxes. Pakistan currently imposes a tax on cash dividends at rates of up to 10% and on interest income at a rate of 40%. There is currently no withholding tax on capital gains
on transactions in
listed shares. In Sri Lanka, the Fund may invest in the shares of exchange-listed issuers, subject to certain limitations for specific sectors of the economy. Sri Lanka imposes a tax of 10% on dividends and 15% on interest, but does not impose a tax on capital gains
on transactions in
listed shares.
There can be no assurance that these investment control regimes will not change in a way that makes it more difficult or impossible for the Fund to implement its investment objective or repatriate its income, gains and initial capital from these countries. There can be no assurance that restrictions on repatriation of
the
Fund's income, gains or initial capital will not occur. Similar risks and considerations will be applicable to the extent the Fund invests in other countries.
Foreign Currencies. The value of foreign assets and currencies as measured in U.S. dollars may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in foreign currency rates and exchange control regulations, application of foreign tax laws (including withholding tax), governmental administration of economic or monetary policies (in this country or abroad), and relations between nations and trading. Foreign currencies also are subject to settlement, custodial and other operational risks. Currency exchange rates can be affected unpredictably by intervention by U.S. or foreign governments or central banks, or the failure to intervene, or by currency controls or political developments in the United States or abroad. Costs are incurred in connection with conversions between currencies. The Fund may engage in spot transactions and forward foreign currency exchange contracts, purchase and sell options on currencies and purchase and sell currency futures contracts and related options thereon (collectively, Currency Instruments) to seek to hedge against the decline in the value of currencies in which its portfolio holdings are denominated against the U.S. dollar or to seek to enhance returns. Use of Currency Instruments may involve substantial currency risk and may also involve counterparty, leverage or liquidity risk.
Smaller Companies.
Securities of smaller, less seasoned companies, which may include legally restricted securities, are generally subject to greater price fluctuations, limited liquidity, higher transaction costs and higher investment risk
than the securities of larger, more established companies.
Because of the absence of any public trading market for some of these investments (such as those which are legally restricted) it may take longer to liquidate these positions at fair value than would be the case for publicly traded securities.
Derivatives. The Fund may enter into derivatives transactions with respect to any security or other instrument in which it is permitted to invest or any related security, instrument, index or economic indicator (reference instruments). The Fund may engage in derivative transactions to mitigate the adverse effects of foreign currency fluctuations and to manage cash flows. Derivatives are financial instruments the value of which is derived from the underlying reference instrument. Derivatives transactions can involve substantial risk. Derivatives typically allow the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk to which the Fund is exposed more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments. The Fund incurs costs in connection with opening and closing derivatives positions. The Fund may engage in the derivative transactions set forth below, as well as in other derivative transactions with substantially similar characteristics and risks.
Certain derivative transactions may give rise to a form of leverage. The Fund is required to segregate or earmark liquid assets or otherwise cover the Funds obligation created by a transaction that may give rise to leverage. The use of leverage may cause
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
7
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements. Leverage may cause the
Funds share price
to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged, as certain types of leverage may exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Funds portfolio securities. The loss on leverage transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Futures Contracts. The Fund may engage in transactions in futures contracts and options on futures contracts. Futures are standardized, exchange-traded contracts that obligate a purchaser to take delivery, and a seller to make delivery, of a specific amount of an asset at a specified future date at a specified price. The Fund also is authorized to purchase or sell call and put options on futures contracts. The primary risks associated with the use of futures contracts and options are imperfect correlation, liquidity, unanticipated market movement and counterparty risk.
Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts.
Certain
forward foreign currency exchange contracts
may be
individually negotiated and privately traded so they are dependent upon the creditworthiness of the counterparty.
Forward contracts
are subject to the risk of political and economic factors applicable to the countries issuing the underlying currencies. Furthermore, unlike trading in most other types of instruments, there is no systematic reporting of last sale information with respect to the foreign currencies underlying forwards. As a result, available information may not be complete.
Options on Securities, Indices and Currencies. The Fund may engage in transactions in exchange-traded and over-the-counter (OTC) options. There are several risks associated with transactions in options such as imperfect correlation, counterparty risk and an insufficient liquid secondary market for particular options. By buying a put option, the Fund acquires a right to sell the underlying instrument at the exercise price, thus limiting the Fund's risk of loss through a decline in the market value of the instrument until the put option expires. The Fund will pay a premium to the seller of the option for the right to receive payments of cash to the extent that the value of the applicable instrument declines below the exercise price as of the option valuation date. If the price of the instrument is above the exercise price of the option as of the option valuation date, the option expires worthless and the Fund will not be able to recover the option premium paid to the seller. The Fund may purchase uncovered put options. The Fund also has authority to write (i.e., sell) put options. The Fund will receive a premium for writing a put option, which increases the Fund's return. In writing a put option, the Fund has the obligation to buy the underlying instrument at an agreed upon price if the price of such instrument decreases below the exercise price. If the value of the instrument on the option expiration date is above the exercise price, the option will generally expire worthless and the Fund, as option seller, will have no obligation to the option holder.
A purchased call option gives the Fund the right to buy, and obligates the seller to sell, the underlying instrument at the exercise price at any time during the option period. The Fund also is authorized to write (i.e., sell) call options on instruments in which it may invest and to enter into closing purchase transactions with respect to such options. A covered call option is an option in which the Fund, in return for a premium, gives another party a right to buy specified instruments owned by the Fund at a specified future date and price set at the time of the contract. The Fund's ability to sell the instrument underlying a call option may be limited while the option is in effect unless the Fund enters into a closing purchase transaction. Uncovered call options have speculative characteristics and are riskier than covered call options because there is no underlying instrument held by the Fund that can act as a partial hedge. As the writer of a covered call option or an index call option, the Fund forgoes, during the options life, the opportunity to profit from increases in the market value of the security or the index covering the call option above the sum of the option premium received and the exercise price of the call, but has retained the risk of loss, minus the option premium received, should the price of the underlying security or index decline.
OTC options involve risk that the issuer or counterparty will fail to perform its contractual obligations. Participants in these markets are typically not subject to the same credit evaluation and regulatory oversight as are members of exchange-based markets. By engaging in option transactions in these markets, the Fund may take a credit risk with regard to parties with which it trades and also may bear the risk of settlement default.
Illiquid Securities. The Fund may not invest more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities, which may be difficult to value properly and may involve greater risks than liquid securities. Illiquid securities include those legally restricted as to resale (such as those issued in private placements), and may include commercial paper issued pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A thereunder. Certain Section 4(2) and Rule 144A securities may be treated as liquid securities if the investment adviser determines that such treatment is warranted. Even if determined to be liquid, holdings of these securities may increase the level of Fund illiquidity if eligible buyers become uninterested in purchasing them.
Securities Lending. The Fund may seek to earn income by lending portfolio securities to broker-dealers or other institutional borrowers. As with other extensions of credit, there are risks of delay in recovery or even loss of rights in the securities loaned if the borrower of the securities fails financially. Loans will only be made to firms that have been approved by the investment adviser and the investment adviser or the securities lending agent will periodically monitor the financial condition of such
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
8
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
organizations while any loans are outstanding. In addition, loans will only be made when the investment adviser believes the expected returns, net of expenses, justify the attendant risk. Securities loans currently are required to be secured continuously by collateral in cash, cash equivalents (such as money market instruments) or other liquid securities held by the custodian and maintained in an amount at least equal to the market value of the securities loaned. The Fund may lend up to one-third of the value of its total assets (including borrowings) or such other amount as is permitted under relevant law.
Borrowing. The Fund is authorized to borrow in accordance with applicable regulations, but currently intends to borrow only for temporary purposes (such as to satisfy redemption requests, to remain fully invested in anticipation of expected cash inflows and to settle transactions). The Fund will not purchase additional investment securities while outstanding borrowings exceed 5% of the value of its total assets.
Cash and Cash Equivalents. The Fund may invest in cash or cash equivalents, including high quality short-term instruments or an affiliated investment company that invests in such instruments.
Portfolio Turnover.
The annual portfolio turnover rate of the Fund may exceed 100%. A mutual fund with a high turnover rate (100% or more) may generate more capital gains and pay more commissions (which may reduce return) than a fund with a lower rate. Capital gains distributions
will be made to shareholders if offsetting capital loss carry forwards do not exist.
General. Unless otherwise stated, the Fund's investment objective and certain other policies may be changed without shareholder approval. Shareholders will receive 60 days' written notice of any material change in the Fund's investment objective. During unusual market conditions, the Fund may invest up to 100% of its assets in cash or cash equivalents temporarily, which may be inconsistent with its investment objective(s) and other policies. The Fund might not use all of the strategies and techniques or invest in all of the types of securities described in this Prospectus or the Statement of Additional Information. While at times the Fund may use alternative investment strategies in an effort to limit its losses, it may choose not to do so.
The Funds 80% Policy will not be changed unless shareholders are given at least 60 days' advance written notice of the change and, for the purpose of such policy, net assets include any assets purchased with borrowings for investment purposes.
Management and Organization
Management.
The Portfolio
’
s investment adviser is Boston Management and Research (
“
BMR
”
),
an indirect
subsidiary of Eaton Vance
Corp. (
“
EVC
”
). Eaton Vance
Management (
“
Eaton Vance
”
) is a wholly-owned subsidiary of EVC. Eaton Vance and BMR have
offices at Two International Place, Boston, MA 02110. Eaton Vance has been managing assets since 1924 and managing mutual funds since 1931. Eaton Vance and its affiliates currently manage over $
28
5
billion on behalf of mutual funds, institutional clients and individuals.
Under its investment advisory agreement with the Portfolio, BMR receives a monthly investment advisory fee equal to 1.10% annually of the average daily net assets of the Portfolio up to $500 million. The investment advisory fee on net assets of $500 million or more is reduced as follows:
Average Daily Net Assets for the Month |
Annual Fee Rate
|
$500 million but less than $1 billion |
1.01% |
$1 billion but less than $1.5 billion |
0.93% |
$1.5 billion but less than $2 billion |
0.85% |
$2 billion but less than $3 billion |
0.76% |
$3 billion and over |
0.68% |
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the effective annual rate of investment advisory fee, based on average daily net assets of the Portfolio, was 1.10%.
Pursuant to an investment sub-advisory agreement, BMR has delegated the investment management of the Portfolio to
BMO GAM (Asia),
a registered investment adviser.
BMO GAM (Asia)
is located at
Suite 3808,
One Exchange Square,
Central, Hong Kong. BMR pays
BMO GAM (Asia)
a portion of the advisory fee for sub-advisory services provided to the Portfolio.
BMO GAM (Asia)
and its affiliates (together Lloyd George) act as investment adviser to various individual and institutional clients and currently manage approximately $2.
8
billion in assets. Lloyd George is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Bank of Montreal.
BMO GAM (Asia)
is domiciled outside of the United States. Because of this, it would be difficult for the Portfolio to bring a claim or enforce a judgment against them.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
9
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Effective April 28, 2011, BMR and
BMO GAM (Asia)
have contractually agreed to reimburse Fund expenses to the extent they exceed 1.88% for Class A shares, 2.58% for Class B and Class C shares and 1.58% for Class I shares. This reimbursement continues in effect through April
30, 2015
. Thereafter, the expense reimbursement may be changed with Trustee approval.
Christopher Darling
acts as
portfolio manager of the Portfolio
(
since March
2007
).
Mr. Darling
has been employed by BMO GAM (Asia) since
2006 and
serves as Chief Investment Officer - Asia.
The Statement of Additional Information provides additional information about the portfolio managers compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio manager, and the portfolio managers ownership of Fund shares with respect to which the portfolio manager has management responsibilities.
The Funds semi-annual report provides information regarding the basis for the Trustees approval of the investment advisory and, if applicable, sub-advisory agreements.
Eaton Vance serves as the administrator of the Fund, providing the Fund with administrative services and related office facilities. In return, the Fund is authorized to pay Eaton Vance a monthly administrative fee equal to 0.15% annually of average daily net assets.
Eaton Vance
provides
sub-transfer agency
and related
services
to Eaton Vance mutual funds pursuant to a Sub-Transfer Agency Support Services Agreement. For its services under the agreement
, Eaton Vance receives an aggregate fee
from such funds equal to the lesser of $2.5 million or its
actual expenses
incurred in performing such services
.
Organization. The Fund is a series of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust, a Massachusetts business trust. The Fund offers multiple classes of shares. Each Class represents a pro rata interest in the Fund but is subject to different expenses and rights. The Fund does not hold annual shareholder meetings but may hold special meetings for matters that require shareholder approval (such as electing or removing trustees, approving management or advisory contracts or changing investment policies that may only be changed with shareholder approval).
As a Portfolio investor, the Fund may be asked to vote on certain Portfolio matters (such as changes in certain Portfolio investment restrictions). When necessary, the Fund will hold a meeting of its shareholders to consider Portfolio matters and then vote its interest in the Portfolio in proportion to the votes cast by its shareholders. There may be other Portfolio investors in addition to the Fund. Purchase and redemption activities by other Portfolio investors may impact the management of the Portfolio and its ability to achieve its objective. The Fund can withdraw its Portfolio investment at any time without shareholder approval.
Valuing Shares
The Fund values its shares once each day only when the New York Stock Exchange (the Exchange) is open for trading (typically Monday through Friday), as of the close of regular trading on the Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m. eastern time). The purchase price of Fund shares is their net asset value (plus
any applicable
sales charge
), which is derived from the value of Portfolio holdings. When purchasing or redeeming Fund shares through a financial intermediary, your financial intermediary must receive your order by the close of regular trading on the Exchange in order for the purchase price or the redemption price to be based on that days net asset value per share. It is the financial intermediarys responsibility to transmit orders promptly. The Fund may accept purchase and redemption orders as of the time of their receipt by certain financial intermediaries (or their designated intermediaries).
The Trustees have adopted procedures for valuing investments and have delegated to the investment adviser the daily valuation of such investments. The investment adviser has delegated daily valuation
to the sub-adviser. Pursuant to the procedures, exchange-listed securities normally are valued at last sale or closing prices. In certain situations, the sub-adviser may use the fair value of a security if market prices are unavailable or are deemed unreliable, or if events occur after the close of a
securities market
(usually a foreign market)
and before portfolio assets are valued which would materially affect net asset value. In addition, for foreign equity securities that meet certain criteria, the Trustees have approved the use of a fair value service that values such securities to reflect market trading that occurs after the close of the applicable foreign markets of comparable securities or other instruments that have a strong correlation to the
fair-valued
securities
. A security that is fair valued may be valued at a price higher or lower than actual market quotations or the value determined by other funds using their own fair valuation procedures. Because foreign securities trade on days when Fund shares are not priced, the value of securities held by the Portfolio can change on days when Fund shares cannot be redeemed. Eaton Vance has established a Valuation Committee that oversees the valuation of investments.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
10
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Purchasing Shares
You may purchase shares through your financial intermediary or by mailing an account application form to the transfer agent (see back cover for address). Purchase orders will be executed at the net asset value (plus any applicable sales charge) next determined after their receipt in proper form (meaning that they are complete and contain all necessary information) by the Funds transfer agent. The Funds transfer agent or your financial intermediary must receive your purchase in proper form no later than the close of regular trading on the Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m. eastern time) for your purchase to be effected at that days net asset value. If you purchase shares through a financial intermediary, that intermediary may charge you a fee for executing the purchase for you.
The Fund may suspend the sale of its shares at any time and any purchase order may be refused for any reason. The funds sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization (the Eaton Vance funds ) do not accept investments from residents of the European Union or Switzerland. The funds also do not accept investments from other non-U.S. residents, provided that a fund may accept investments from certain non-U.S. investors at the discretion of the principal underwriter. The Fund does not issue share certificates.
Class A, Class B and Class C Shares
Your initial investment must be at least $1,000. After your initial investment, additional investments may be made in any amount at any time by sending a check payable to the order of the Fund or the transfer agent directly to the transfer agent (see back cover for address). Please include your name and account number and the name of the Fund and Class of shares with each investment. You also may make additional investments by accessing your account via the Eaton Vance website at www.eatonvance.com. Purchases made through the Internet from a pre-designated bank account will have a trade date that is the first business day after the purchase is requested (provided the request is submitted no later than the close of regular trading on the Exchange). For more information about purchasing shares through the Internet, please call 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time).
You may make automatic investments of $50 or more each month or each quarter from your bank account. You can establish bank automated investing on the account application or by providing written instructions. Please call 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time) for further information. The minimum initial investment amount and Fund policy of redeeming accounts with low account balances are waived for bank automated investing accounts
,
certain group purchase plans (including
employer sponsored
retirement
plans and proprietary fee-based programs sponsored by financial intermediaries) and for persons affiliated with Eaton Vance, its affiliates and certain Fund service providers (as described in the Statement of Additional Information).
As used throughout this Prospectus, the term employer sponsored retirement plan includes the following: an employer sponsored pension or profit sharing plan that qualifies under section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code (such as a 401(k) plan, money purchase pension, profit sharing and defined benefit plan); ERISA covered 403(b) plan; TaftHartley multi-employer plan; and non-qualified deferred compensation arrangements that operate in a similar manner to a qualified retirement plan (including 457 plans and executive deferred compensation arrangements). Individual Retirement Accounts are not employer sponsored retirement plans for purposes of this definition.
Class I Shares
Class I shares are offered to clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class I shares through a no-load network or platform. Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and
employer sponsored
retirement plans
.
Class I shares also are offered to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates and certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance and certain Fund service providers. Your initial investment must be at least $250,000. Subsequent investments of any amount may be made at any time, including through automatic investment each month or quarter from your bank account. You may make automatic investments of $50 or more each month or each quarter from your bank account. You can establish bank automated investing on the account application or by providing written instructions. Please call 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time) for further information.
The minimum initial investment is waived for persons affiliated with Eaton Vance, its affiliates and certain Fund service providers (as described in the Statement of Additional Information). The minimum initial investment also is waived for
: (i)
permitted exchanges
; (ii) employer sponsored retirement plans; (iii) corporations, endowments and foundations with assets of at least $100 million; and (iv)
individual accounts of a financial intermediary that charges an ongoing fee for its services or offers Class I shares through a no-load network or platform (in each case, as described above), provided the aggregate value of such accounts invested in Class I shares is at least $250,000 (or is anticipated by the principal underwriter to reach $250,000
).
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
11
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Class I shares may be purchased through a financial intermediary or by requesting your bank to transmit immediately available funds (Federal Funds) by wire. To make an initial investment by wire, you must complete an account application and telephone Eaton Vance Shareholder Services at 1-800-262-1122 to be assigned an account number. You may request an account application by calling 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time). Shareholder Services must be advised by telephone of each additional investment by wire.
Restrictions on Excessive Trading and Market Timing. The Fund is not intended for excessive trading or market timing. Market timers seek to profit by rapidly switching money into a fund when they expect the share price of the fund to rise and taking money out of the fund when they expect those prices to fall. By realizing profits through short-term trading, shareholders that engage in rapid purchases and sales (including exchanges, if permitted) of a funds shares may dilute the value of shares held by long-term shareholders. Volatility resulting from excessive purchases and sales of fund shares, especially involving large dollar amounts, may disrupt efficient portfolio management. In particular, excessive purchases and sales of a funds shares may cause a fund to have difficulty implementing its investment strategies, may force the fund to sell portfolio securities at inopportune times to raise cash or may cause increased expenses (such as increased brokerage costs, realization of taxable capital gains without attaining any investment advantage or increased administrative costs).
A fund that invests all or a portion of its assets in foreign securities may be susceptible to a time zone arbitrage strategy in which shareholders attempt to take advantage of fund share prices that may not reflect developments in a foreign securities market that occur after the close of such market but prior to the pricing of fund shares. In addition, a fund that invests in securities that are, among other things, thinly traded, traded infrequently or relatively illiquid (including restricted securities, certain emerging market securities and securities of certain small- and mid-cap companies) is susceptible to the risk that the current market price for such securities may not accurately reflect current market values. A shareholder may seek to engage in short-term trading to take advantage of these pricing differences (commonly referred to as price arbitrage). The investment adviser and sub-adviser are authorized to use the fair value of a security if prices are unavailable or are deemed unreliable (see Valuing Shares). The use of fair value pricing and the restrictions on excessive trading and market timing described below are intended to reduce a shareholders ability to engage in price or time zone arbitrage to the detriment of the Fund.
The Boards of the
Eaton Vance
funds
have adopted policies to discourage short-term trading and market timing and to seek to minimize their potentially detrimental effects. Pursuant to these policies,
an
Eaton Vance fund shareholder who,
through one or more accounts
, completes two
round-
trips within 90 days generally will be deemed to be market timing or trading excessively in fund shares. Two round-trips within 90 days means either (1)
a purchase
of fund shares
followed
by a redemption
of fund shares followed by a purchase followed by a
redemption
or
(2) a redemption of fund shares followed
by a purchase
of fund shares followed by a redemption followed by a
purchase
, in either case with the final transaction in the sequence occurring within 90 days of the initial transaction in the sequence. Purchases and redemptions subject to the limitation include those made by exchanging to or from another fund.
Under the policies, the Fund or its
sub-transfer agent or
principal underwriter will reject or cancel a purchase order, suspend or terminate an exchange privilege or terminate the ability of an investor to invest in the Eaton Vance funds if the Fund or the principal underwriter determines that a proposed transaction involves market timing or excessive trading that it believes is likely to be detrimental to the Fund. The Fund and its principal underwriter use reasonable efforts to detect market timing and excessive trading activity, but they cannot ensure that they will be able to identify all cases of market timing and excessive trading. The Fund or its principal underwriter may also reject or cancel any purchase order (including an exchange) from an investor or group of investors for any other reason. Decisions to reject or cancel purchase orders (including exchanges) in the Fund are inherently subjective and will be made in a manner believed to be in the best interest of a Funds shareholders. No Eaton Vance fund has any arrangement to permit market timing.
The following fund share transactions (to the extent permitted by a funds prospectus) generally are exempt from the market timing and excessive trading policy described above because they generally do not raise market timing or excessive trading concerns:
·
transactions made pursuant to a systematic purchase plan or as the result of automatic reinvestment of dividends or distributions, or initiated by the Fund (e.g., for failure to meet applicable account minimums);
·
transactions made by participants in employer sponsored retirement plans involving participant payroll or employer contributions or loan repayments, redemptions as part of plan terminations or at the direction of the plan, mandatory retirement distributions, or rollovers;
·
transactions made by model-based discretionary advisory accounts; or
·
transactions made by an Eaton Vance fund that is structured as a fund-of-funds
,
provided the transactions are in response to fund inflows and outflows or are part of a reallocation of fund assets in accordance with its investment policies.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
12
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
It may be difficult for the Fund or the principal underwriter to identify market timing or excessive trading in omnibus accounts traded through financial intermediaries. The Fund and the principal underwriter have provided guidance to financial intermediaries (such as banks, broker-dealers, insurance companies and retirement administrators) concerning the application of the Eaton Vance funds market timing and excessive trading policies to Fund shares held in omnibus accounts maintained and administered by such intermediaries, including guidance concerning situations where market timing or excessive trading is considered to be detrimental to the Fund. The Fund or its principal underwriter may rely on a financial intermediarys policy to restrict market timing and excessive trading if it believes that policy is likely to prevent market timing that is likely to be detrimental to the Fund. Such policy may be more or less restrictive than the Funds policy. Although the Fund or the principal underwriter reviews trading activity at the omnibus account level for activity that indicates potential market timing or excessive trading activity, the Fund and the principal underwriter typically will not request or receive individual account data unless suspicious trading activity is identified. The Fund and the principal underwriter generally rely on financial intermediaries to monitor trading activity in omnibus accounts in good faith in accordance with their own or Fund policies. The Fund and the principal underwriter cannot ensure that these financial intermediaries will in all cases apply the policies of the Fund or their own policies, as the case may be, to accounts under their control.
Choosing a Share Class. The Fund offers different classes of shares. The different classes of shares represent investments in the same portfolio of securities, but the classes are subject to different expenses and will likely have different share prices due to differences in class expenses. A share class also may be subject to a sales charge. In choosing the class of shares that suits your investment needs, you should consider:
·
how long you expect to own your shares;
·
how much you intend to invest; and
·
the total operating expenses associated with owning each class.
Each investors considerations are different. You should speak with your financial intermediary to help you decide which class of shares is best for you. Set forth below is a brief description of each class of shares offered by the Fund.
Class A shares are offered at net asset value plus a front-end sales charge of up to 5.75%. This charge is deducted from the amount you invest. The Class A sales charge is reduced for purchases of $50,000 or more. The sales charge applicable to your purchase may be reduced under the right of accumulation or a statement of intention, which are described in Reducing or Eliminating Class A Sales Charges under Sales Charges below. Some investors may be eligible to purchase Class A shares at net asset value under certain circumstances, which are also described below. Class A shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 0.30% annually of average daily net assets.
Class B shares
are offered at net asset value with no front-end sales charge, but are only available for purchase upon exchange from another Eaton Vance fund or through reinvestment of distributions. If you sell your Class B shares within six years of purchase, you generally will be subject to a contingent deferred sales charge or CDSC. The amount of the CDSC applicable to a redemption of Class B shares decreases over six years, as described in the CDSC schedule in Contingent Deferred Sales Charge under Sales Charges below. The CDSC is deducted from your redemption proceeds. Under certain circumstances, the Class B CDSC may be waived (such as in the case of the death of the shareholder). See CDSC Waivers under Sales Charges below. Class B shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 1.00% annually of average daily net assets. Class B shares automatically convert to Class A shares eight years after purchase.
Class C shares
are offered at net asset value with no front-end sales charge. If you sell your Class C shares within one year of purchase, you generally will be subject to a CDSC. The CDSC is deducted from your redemption proceeds. Under certain circumstances, the Class C CDSC may be waived (such as certain redemptions from
employer sponsored
retirement
plans
). See CDSC Waivers under Sales Charges below. Class C shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 1.00% annually of average daily net assets. Orders for Class C shares of one or more Eaton Vance funds will be refused when the total value of the purchase (including the aggregate value of all Eaton Vance fund shares held within the purchasing shareholders account
(s))
is $
250
,000 or more
($1 million or more for employer sponsored retirement plans).
Investors considering cumulative purchases of $
250,000 or more ($
1
million
or more
for employer sponsored retirement plans),
or who, after a purchase of shares, would own shares of Eaton Vance funds with a current market value of $
250,000 or more ($
1
million
or more
for employer sponsored retirement plans),
should consider whether another Class of shares would be more advantageous and consult their financial intermediary.
Class I shares
are offered to clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class I shares through a no-load network or platform. Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and
employer sponsored retirement
plans
.
Class I shares are also offered to investment and institutional
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
13
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates and certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance and certain Fund service providers. Class I shares do not pay distribution or service fees.
Payments to Financial Intermediaries. In addition to payments disclosed under “ Sales Charges ” below, the principal underwriter, out of its own resources, may make cash payments to certain financial intermediaries who provide marketing support, transaction processing and/or administrative services and, in some cases, include some or all Eaton Vance funds in preferred or specialized selling programs. Payments made by the principal underwriter to a financial intermediary may be significant and are typically in the form of fees based on Fund sales, assets, transactions processed and/or accounts attributable to that financial intermediary. Financial intermediaries also may receive amounts from the principal underwriter in connection with educational or due diligence meetings that include information concerning Eaton Vance funds. The principal underwriter may pay or allow other promotional incentives or payments to financial intermediaries to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations.
Certain financial intermediaries that maintain fund accounts for the benefit of their customers provide sub-accounting, recordkeeping and/or administrative services to the Eaton Vance funds and are compensated for such services by the funds. As used in this Prospectus, the term financial intermediary includes any broker, dealer, bank (including bank trust departments), registered investment adviser, financial planner, a retirement plan and/or its administrator, their designated intermediaries and any other firm having a selling, administration or similar agreement with the principal underwriter or its affiliates.
Sales Charges
Class A Front-End Sales Charge. Class A shares are offered at net asset value per share plus a sales charge that is determined by the amount of your investment. The current sales charge schedule is:
Amount of Purchase |
Sales Charge
*
|
Sales Charge
*
|
Dealer Commission
|
Less than $50,000 |
5.75% |
6.10% |
5.00% |
$50,000 but less than $100,000 |
4.75% |
4.99% |
4.00% |
$100,000 but less than $250,000 |
3.75% |
3.90% |
3.00% |
$250,000 but less than $500,000 |
3.00% |
3.09% |
2.50% |
$500,000 but less than $1,000,000 |
2.00% |
2.04% |
1.75% |
$1,000,000 but less than $3,000,000 |
0.00** |
0.00** |
TIERED** |
$3,000,000 or more |
0.00** |
0.00** |
TIERED** |
*
Because the offering price per share is rounded to two decimal places, the actual sales charge you pay on a purchase of Class A shares may be more or less than your total purchase amount multiplied by the applicable sales charge percentage.
**
No sales charge is payable at the time of purchase on investments of $1 million or more. The principal underwriter will pay a commission to financial intermediaries on sales of $1 million or more as follows: 1.00% on amounts of $1 million or more but less than $3 million; plus 0.75% on amounts of $3 million or more. A CDSC of 1.00% will be imposed on such investments (as described below) in the event of redemptions within 18 months of purchase.
The principal underwriter may also pay commissions of up to 1.00% on sales of Class A shares made at net asset value to certain
employer sponsored
retirement plans.
Reducing or Eliminating Class A Sales Charges. Front-end sales charges on purchases of Class A shares may be reduced under the right of accumulation or under a statement of intention. To receive a reduced sales charge, you must inform your financial intermediary or the Fund at the time you purchase shares that you qualify for such a reduction. If you do not let your financial intermediary or the Fund know you are eligible for a reduced sales charge at the time of purchase, you will not receive the discount to which you may otherwise be entitled.
Right of Accumulation. Under the right of accumulation, the sales charge you pay is reduced if the current market value of your holdings in the Fund or any other Eaton Vance fund (based on the current maximum public offering price) plus your new purchase total $50,000 or more. Class A shares of Eaton Vance U.S. Government Money Market Fund cannot be included under the right of accumulation. Shares owned by you, your spouse and children under age twenty-one may be combined for purposes of the right of accumulation, including shares held for the benefit of any of you in omnibus or street name accounts. In addition, shares held in a trust or fiduciary account of which any of the foregoing persons is the sole beneficiary (including employer sponsored retirement plans and Individual Retirement Accounts) may be combined for
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
14
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
purposes of the right of accumulation. Shares purchased and/or owned in a SEP, SARSEP and SIMPLE IRA plan also may be combined for purposes of the right of accumulation for the plan and its participants. You may be required to provide documentation to establish your ownership of shares included under the right of accumulation (such as account statements for you, your spouse and children or marriage certificates, birth certificates and/or trust or other fiduciary-related documents).
Statement of Intention.
Under a statement of intention, purchases of $50,000 or more made over a 13-month period are eligible for reduced sales charges. Shares eligible under the right of accumulation (other than those included in employer
sponsored retirement plans) may be included to satisfy the amount to be purchased under a statement of intention. Under a statement of intention, the principal underwriter may hold 5% of the dollar amount to be purchased in escrow in the form of shares registered in your name until you satisfy the statement or the 13-month period expires. A statement of intention does not obligate you to purchase (or the Fund to sell) the full amount indicated in the statement.
Class A shares are offered at net asset value (without a sales charge) to
employer sponsored
retirement
plans, and to clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class A shares through a no-load network or platform, or self-directed brokerage accounts that may or may not charge transaction fees to customers. Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and
employer sponsored
retirement plans
.
Class A shares also are offered at net asset value to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates; certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance; and to certain fund service providers as described in the Statement of Additional Information. Class A shares may also be purchased at net asset value pursuant to the reinvestment privilege and exchange privilege and when distributions are reinvested. See
“
Shareholder Account Features
”
for details.
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge. Class A, Class B and Class C shares are subject to a CDSC on certain redemptions. The CDSC generally is paid to the principal underwriter. Class A shares purchased at net asset value in amounts of $1 million or more are subject to a 1.00% CDSC if redeemed within 18 months of purchase. Class C shares are subject to a 1.00% CDSC if redeemed within one year of purchase. Class B shares are subject to the following CDSC schedule:
Year of Redemption After Purchase |
CDSC |
|
CDSCs are based on the lower of the net asset value at the time of purchase or at the time of redemption. Shares acquired through the reinvestment of distributions are exempt from the CDSC. Redemptions are made first from shares that are not subject to a CDSC. |
First or Second |
5% |
|
|
Third |
4% |
|
|
Fourth |
3% |
|
|
Fifth |
2% |
|
|
Sixth |
1% |
|
|
Seventh or following |
0% |
|
The sales commission payable to financial intermediaries in connection with sales of Class B and Class C shares is described under Distribution and Service Fees below.
CDSC Waivers.
CDSCs are waived for certain redemptions pursuant to a Withdrawal Plan (see Shareholder Account Features) and, for Class B and Class C shares, in connection with certain redemptions from
employer sponsored
retirement plans. The CDSC is also waived following the death of a beneficial owner of shares (a death certificate and other applicable documents may be required).
Conversion Feature. After eight years, Class B shares automatically convert to Class A shares. Class B shares acquired through the reinvestment of distributions convert in proportion to shares not so acquired.
Distribution and Service Fees. Class A, Class B and Class C shares have in effect plans under Rule 12b-1 that allow the Fund to pay distribution fees for the sale and distribution of shares (so-called “ 12b-1 fees) and service fees for personal and/or shareholder account services. Class B and Class C shares pay distribution fees to the principal underwriter of 0.75% of average daily net assets annually. Because these fees are paid from Fund assets on an ongoing basis, they will increase your cost over time and may cost you more than paying other types of sales charges. The principal underwriter compensates financial intermediaries on sales of Class B and Class C shares (except exchange transactions and reinvestments) in an amount equal to 4% and 1%, respectively, of the purchase price of the shares. After the first year, financial intermediaries also receive 0.75% of the value of Class C shares in annual distribution fees. Class B and Class C shares also pay service fees to the principal underwriter equal to 0.25% of average daily net assets annually. Class A shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 0.30% of average daily net assets annually. After the sale of shares, the principal underwriter receives the Class A distribution and service fees and the Class B and Class C service fees for one year and thereafter financial intermediaries generally receive
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
15
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
0.25%
(0.30% for Class A)
annually of average daily net assets based on the value of shares sold by such
financial
intermediaries for shareholder servicing performed by such
intermediaries. Distribution and service fees are subject to the limitations contained in the sales charge rule of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority.
More information about sales charges is available free of charge on the Eaton Vance website at www.eatonvance.com and in the Statement of Additional Information. Please consult the Eaton Vance website for any updates to sales charge information before making a purchase of Fund shares.
You can redeem shares in any of the following ways:
By Mail |
Send your request to the transfer agent. The request must be signed exactly as your account is registered (for instance, a joint account must be signed by all registered owners to be accepted) and a Medallion signature guarantee may be required. You can obtain a Medallion signature guarantee at banks, savings and loan institutions, credit unions, securities dealers, securities exchanges, clearing agencies and registered securities associations that participate in The Securities Transfer Agents Medallion Program, Inc. (STAMP, Inc.). Only Medallion signature guarantees issued in accordance with STAMP, Inc. will be accepted. You may be asked to provide additional documents if your shares are registered in the name of a corporation, partnership or fiduciary. |
By Telephone |
Certain shareholders can redeem by calling 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time). Proceeds of a telephone redemption are generally limited to $100,000 per account (which may include shares of one or more Eaton Vance funds) and can be sent only to the account address or to a bank pursuant to prior instructions. |
By Internet |
Certain shareholders can redeem by logging on to the Eaton Vance website at www.eatonvance.com. Proceeds of internet redemptions are generally limited to $100,000 per account (which may include shares of one or more Eaton Vance funds) and can be sent only to the account address or to a bank pursuant to prior instructions. |
For Additional Information |
Please call 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time). |
Through a Financial Intermediary |
Your financial intermediary is responsible for transmitting the order promptly. A financial intermediary may charge a fee for this service. |
If you redeem shares, your redemption price will be based on the net asset value per share next computed after the redemption request is received in proper form (meaning that it is complete and contains all necessary information) by the Funds transfer agent or your financial intermediary. Your redemption proceeds normally will be paid in cash within seven days, reduced by the amount of any applicable CDSC and any federal income and state tax required to be withheld. Payments will be sent by regular mail. However, if you have given complete written authorization in advance, you may request that the redemption proceeds be wired directly to your bank account. The bank designated may be any bank in the United States. The request may be made by calling 1-800-262-1122 or by sending a Medallion signature guaranteed letter of instruction to the transfer agent (see back cover for address). Certain redemption requests including those involving shares held by certain corporations, trusts or certain other entities and shares that are subject to certain fiduciary arrangements may require additional documentation and may be redeemed only by mail. You may be required to pay the costs of such transaction by the Fund or your bank. No costs are currently charged by the Fund. However, charges may apply for expedited mail delivery services. The Fund may suspend or terminate the expedited payment procedure upon at least 30 days notice.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
16
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
If you recently purchased shares, the proceeds of a redemption will not be sent until the purchase check (including a certified or cashiers check) has cleared. If the purchase check has not cleared, redemption proceeds may be delayed up to 15 days from the purchase date. If your account value falls below $750 (other than due to market decline), you may be asked either to add to your account or redeem it within 60 days. If you take no action, your account will be redeemed and the proceeds sent to you.
While redemption proceeds are normally paid in cash, redemptions may be paid by distributing marketable securities. If you receive securities, you could incur brokerage or other charges in converting the securities to cash.
Shareholder Account Features
Distributions. You may have your Fund distributions paid in one of the following ways:
Full Reinvest Option |
Distributions are reinvested in additional shares. This option will be assigned if you do not specify an option. |
Partial Reinvest Option |
Dividends are paid in cash and capital gains are reinvested in additional shares. |
Cash Option |
Distributions are paid in cash. |
Exchange Option |
Distributions are reinvested in additional shares of any class of another Eaton Vance fund chosen by you, subject to the terms of that funds prospectus. Before selecting this option, you must obtain a prospectus of the other fund and consider its objectives, risks, and charges and expenses carefully. |
Information about the Fund. From time to time, you may receive the following:
·
Semiannual and annual reports containing a list of portfolio holdings as of the end of the second and fourth fiscal quarters, respectively, performance information and financial statements.
·
Periodic account statements, showing recent activity and total share balance.
·
Tax information needed to prepare your income tax returns.
·
Proxy materials, in the event a shareholder vote is required.
·
Special notices about significant events affecting your Fund.
Most fund information (including semiannual and annual reports, prospectuses and proxy statements) as well as your periodic account statements can be delivered electronically. For more information please go to www.eatonvance.com/edelivery.
The Eaton Vance funds have established policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of portfolio holdings and other information concerning Fund characteristics. A description of these policies and procedures is provided below and additionally in the Statement of Additional Information. Such policies and procedures regarding disclosure of portfolio holdings are designed to prevent the misuse of material, non-public information about the funds.
The Fund will file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) a list of its portfolio holdings as of the end of the first and third fiscal quarters on Form N-Q. The Funds annual and semiannual reports (as filed on Form N-CSR) and each Form N-Q may be viewed on the SECs website (www.sec.gov). The most recent fiscal quarter-end holdings may also be viewed on the Eaton Vance website (www.eatonvance.com). Portfolio holdings information that is filed with the SEC is posted on the Eaton Vance website approximately 60 days after the end of the quarter to which it relates. Portfolio holdings information as of each month end is posted to the website approximately one month after such month end. The Fund also posts information about certain portfolio characteristics (such as top ten holdings and asset allocation) at least quarterly on the Eaton Vance website approximately ten business days after the period and the Fund may also post performance attribution as of a month end or more frequently if deemed appropriate.
Withdrawal Plan. You may redeem shares on a regular periodic basis by establishing a systematic withdrawal plan. Withdrawals will not be subject to any applicable CDSC if they are, in the aggregate, less than or equal to 12% annually of the greater of either the initial account balance or the current account balance. Because purchases of Class A shares are generally subject to an initial sales charge, Class A shareholders should not make withdrawals from their accounts while also making purchases.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
17
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Exchange Privilege.
You may exchange your Fund shares for shares of the same Class of another Eaton Vance fund. For purposes of exchanges among Eaton Vance funds, Class A and Class I shares are deemed to be the same as Investor Class and Institutional Class shares, respectively, of other Eaton Vance funds. Exchanges are made at net asset value. If your shares are subject to a CDSC, the CDSC will continue to apply to your new shares at the same CDSC rate. For purposes of the CDSC, your shares will continue to age from the date of your original purchase of Fund shares. Any class of shares of a fund may be exchanged for any other class of shares of that fund, provided that the shares being exchanged are no longer subject to a CDSC and the conditions for investing in the other class of shares described in the applicable prospectus are satisfied.
Before exchanging, you should read the prospectus of the new fund carefully. Exchanges are subject to the terms applicable to purchases of the new funds shares as set forth in its prospectus. If you wish to exchange shares, write to the transfer agent (see back cover for address), log on to your account at www.eatonvance.com or call 1-800-262-1122. Periodic automatic exchanges are also available. The exchange privilege may be changed or discontinued at any time. You will receive at least 60 days notice of any material change to the privilege. This privilege may not be used for market timing and may be terminated for market timing accounts or for any other reason. For additional information, see Restrictions on Excessive Trading and Market Timing under Purchasing Shares. Ordinarily exchanges between different funds are taxable transactions for federal tax purposes, while permitted exchanges of one class for shares of another class of the same fund are not. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors regarding the applicability of federal, state, local and other taxes to transactions in Fund shares.
Reinvestment Privilege. If you redeem shares, you may reinvest at net asset value all or any portion of the redemption proceeds in the same class of shares of the Fund you redeemed from, provided that the reinvestment occurs within 60 days of the redemption, and the privilege has not been used more than once in the prior 12 months. Under these circumstances your account will be credited with any CDSC paid in connection with the redemption. Any CDSC period applicable to the shares you acquire upon reinvestment will run from the date of your original share purchase. Reinvestment requests must be in writing. At the time of a reinvestment, you or your financial intermediary must notify the Fund or the transfer agent that you are reinvesting redemption proceeds in accordance with this privilege. If you reinvest, your purchase will be at the next determined net asset value following receipt of your request.
Telephone and Electronic Transactions. You can redeem or (if permitted) exchange shares by telephone as described in this Prospectus. In addition, certain transactions may be conducted through the Eaton Vance website. The transfer agent and the principal underwriter have procedures in place to authenticate telephone and electronic instructions (such as using security codes or verifying personal account information). As long as the transfer agent and principal underwriter follow reasonable procedures, they will not be responsible for unauthorized telephone or electronic transactions and you bear the risk of possible loss resulting from these transactions. You may decline the telephone redemption option on the account application. Telephone instructions are recorded.
Street Name Accounts. If your shares are held in a street name account at a financial intermediary, that intermediary (and not the Fund or its transfer agent) will perform all recordkeeping, transaction processing and distribution payments. Because the Fund does not maintain an account for you, you should contact your financial intermediary to make transactions in shares, make changes in your account, or obtain account information. You will not be able to utilize a number of shareholder features, such as telephone or internet transactions, directly with the Fund and certain features may be subject to different requirements. If you transfer shares in a street name account to an account with another financial intermediary or to an account directly with the Fund, you should obtain historical information about your shares prior to the transfer.
Procedures for Opening New Accounts. To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, federal law requires financial institutions to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each new customer who opens a Fund account and to determine whether such persons name appears on government lists of known or suspected terrorists or terrorist organizations. When you open an account, the transfer agent or your financial intermediary will ask you for your name, address, date of birth (for individuals), residential or business street address (although post office boxes are still permitted for mailing) and social security number, taxpayer identification number, or other government-issued identifying number. You also may be asked to produce a copy of your drivers license, passport or other identifying documents in order to verify your identity. In addition, it may be necessary to verify your identity by cross-referencing your identification information with a consumer report or other electronic databases. Other information or documents may be required to open accounts for corporations and other entities. Federal law prohibits the Fund and other financial institutions from opening a new account unless they receive the minimum identifying information described above. If a person fails to provide the information requested, any application by that person to open a new account will be rejected. Moreover, if the transfer agent or the financial intermediary is unable to verify the identity of a person based on information provided by that person, it may take additional steps including, but not limited to, requesting additional information or documents from the person, closing the persons account or reporting the matter to the appropriate federal authorities. If your account is closed for this reason, your shares may be automatically redeemed at the net asset value next determined. If the Funds net asset value has decreased since your purchase, you will lose money as a result of this redemption. The Fund has also designated an anti-money laundering compliance officer.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
18
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Account Questions. If you have any questions about your account or the services available, please call Eaton Vance Shareholder Services at 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time), or write to the transfer agent (see back cover for address).
Additional Tax Information
The Fund
expects to pay any required
dividends at least once annually and intends to
distribute any net realized
capital gains annually. Distributions of investment income and net short-term capital gains generally will be taxable as ordinary income. Distributions of any
net
gains
from investments held for more than one year
will be taxable as long-term capital gain. The Fund expects its distributions will consist primarily of capital gains. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long
the
Portfolio owned the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her shares in the Fund. Distributions of investment income reported by the Fund as derived from qualified dividend income are taxed in the hands of individual shareholders at the rates applicable to long-term capital gains, provided holding period and other requirements are met at both the shareholder and Fund level. The Funds distributions will generally not qualify for the dividends-received deduction for corporations. The Funds distributions will be taxable whether they are paid in cash or reinvested in additional shares.
The unearned income of certain U.S. individuals, estates and trusts is subject to a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax. For individuals, the tax is on the lesser of the net investment income and the excess of modified adjusted gross income over $200,000 (or $250,000 if married filing jointly). Net investment income includes, among other things, interest, dividends, and gross income and capital gains derived from passive activities and trading in securities or commodities. Net investment income is reduced by deductions properly allocable to this income.
Investors who purchase shares at a time when the Funds net asset value reflects gains that are either unrealized or realized but not distributed will pay the full price for the shares and then may receive some portion of the purchase price back as a taxable distribution. Certain distributions paid in January may be taxable to shareholders as if received on December 31 of the prior year. A redemption of Fund shares, including an exchange for shares of another fund, is a taxable transaction.
Investments in foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes or other foreign taxes with respect to income (possibly including, in some cases, capital gains). In that case, the Funds yield on those securities would be decreased. These taxes may be reduced or eliminated under the terms of an applicable tax treaty. Under certain circumstances, shareholders may be entitled to claim a credit or deduction with respect to foreign taxes. In addition, investments in foreign securities or foreign currencies may increase or accelerate the Funds recognition of ordinary income and may affect the timing or amount of the Funds distributions.
As described elsewhere in this Prospectus under Investment Objectives & Principal Policies and Risks, the Portfolio is subject to certain Indian income taxes in connection with transactions in Indian securities. The Indian tax authority has been periodically conducting reviews of tax returns filed by investors in India, including those filed by the Portfolio and other mutual funds.
Certain foreign entities may be subject to a 30% withholding tax on dividend income paid after
June 30, 2014
and on redemption proceeds paid after December 31, 2016 under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA). To avoid withholding, foreign financial institutions subject to FATCA must agree to disclose to the relevant revenue authorities certain information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. owners and other foreign entities must certify certain information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. owners to the Fund. For more detailed information regarding FATCA withholding and compliance, please refer to the Statement of Additional Information.
The Fund may be required to withhold, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, 28% of the dividends, distributions and redemption proceeds payable to shareholders who fail to provide the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification number or make required certifications, or who have been notified by the Internal Revenue Service that they are subject to backup withholding. Certain shareholders are exempt from backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amount withheld may be credited against a shareholders U.S. federal income tax liability.
Shareholders should consult with their advisers concerning the applicability of federal, state, local and other taxes to an investment.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
19
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights
The financial highlights are intended to help you understand the Funds financial performance for the period(s) indicated. Certain information in the tables reflects the financial results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the tables represent the rate an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in the Fund (assuming reinvestment of all distributions at net asset value). This information has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm. The report of Deloitte & Touche LLP and the Funds financial statements are incorporated herein by reference and included in the Funds annual report, which is available upon request.
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|||||||
|
2013 |
2012 |
||||||
|
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Net asset value - Beginning of year |
$22.210 |
$19.790 |
$19.840 |
$22.460 |
$17.240 |
$15.470 |
$15.500 |
$17.380 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (loss) (2) |
$0.002 |
$(0.123) |
$(0.122) |
$0.057 |
$(0.064) |
$(0.184) |
$(0.182) |
$(0.015) |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
(2.232) |
(1.987) |
(1.998) |
(2.257) |
5.034 |
4.504 |
4.522 |
5.095 |
Total income (loss) from operations |
$(2.230) |
$(2.110) |
$(2.120) |
$(2.200) |
$4.970 |
$4.320 |
$4.340 |
$5.080 |
Net asset value - End of year |
$19.980 |
$17.680 |
$17.720 |
$20.260 |
$22.210 |
$19.790 |
$19.840 |
$22.460 |
Total Return (5) |
(10.04)% |
(10.66)% |
(10.69)% |
(9.83)% |
28.83% |
27.92% |
28.00 |
29.29% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of year (000s omitted) |
$154,207 |
$31,336 |
$24,749 |
$18,909 |
$233,906 |
$57,303 |
$40,193 |
$28,616 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses (7)(8) |
1.88% (9) |
2.58% (9) |
2.58% (9) |
1.58% (9) |
1.88% (9) |
2.58% (9) |
2.58% (9) |
1.58% (9) |
Net investment income (loss) |
0.01% |
(0.68)% |
(0.68)% |
0.28% |
(0.32)% |
(1.03)% |
(1.01)% |
(0.07)% |
Portfolio Turnover of the Portfolio |
42% |
42% |
42% |
42% |
65% |
65% |
65% |
65% |
(See footnotes on last page.)
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
20
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights (continued)
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|||||||||||
|
2011 |
2010 |
2009 |
|||||||||
|
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I |
Class A |
Class B |
Class C |
Class I (1) |
Net asset value - Beginning of period |
$28.220 |
$25.500 |
$25.550 |
$28.360 |
$23.350 |
$21.230 |
$21.270 |
$23.380 |
$12.050 |
$11.000 |
$11.030 |
$21.550 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment loss (2) |
$(0.120) |
$(0.250) |
$(0.249) |
$(0.018) |
$(0.208) |
$(0.323) |
$(0.325) |
$(0.093) |
$(0.157) |
$(0.222) |
$(0.227) |
$(0.071) |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
(10.823) |
(9.743) |
(9.764) |
(10.925) |
5.077 |
4.592 |
4.604 |
5.072 |
11.456 |
10.451 |
10.466 |
1.901 |
Total income (loss) from operations |
$(10.943) |
$(9.993) |
$(10.013) |
$(10.943) |
$4.869 |
$4.269 |
$4.279 |
$4.979 |
$11.299 |
$10.229 |
$10.239 |
$1.830 |
Less Distributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net investment income |
$ (0.037) |
$ (0.037) |
$ (0.037) |
$ (0.037) |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
Total distributions |
$ (0.037) |
$ (0.037) |
$ (0.037) |
$ (0.037) |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
Redemption fees (2)(3) |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$0.001 |
$0.001 |
$0.001 |
$0.001 |
$0.001 |
$0.001 |
$0.001 |
$0.000 (4) |
Net asset value - End of period |
$17.240 |
$15.470 |
$15.500 |
$17.380 |
$28.220 |
$25.500 |
$25.550 |
$28.360 |
$23.350 |
$21.230 |
$21.270 |
$23.380 |
Total Return (5) |
(38.80)% |
(39.21)% |
(39.23)% |
(38.62)% |
20.81% |
20.07% |
20.12% |
21.30% |
93.78% |
92.82% |
92.84% |
8.49% (6) |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$227,581 |
$64,624 |
$42,307 |
$23,520 |
$552,831 |
$142,604 |
$93,865 |
$44,125 |
$508,035 |
$134,386 |
$74,778 |
$29,502 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses (7)(8) |
1.93% (9) |
2.61% (9) |
2.61% (9) |
1.61% (9) |
1.97% |
2.58% |
2.58% |
1.57% |
2.23% |
2.73% |
2.73% |
1.73% (10) |
Net investment loss |
(0.51)% |
(1.18)% |
(1.17)% |
(0.08)% |
(0.83)% |
(1.42)% |
(1.43)% |
(0.37)% |
(0.91)% |
(1.42)% |
(1.42)% |
(1.25)% (10) |
Portfolio Turnover of the Portfolio |
49% |
49% |
49% |
49% |
59% |
59% |
59% |
59% |
63% |
63% |
63% |
63% (11) |
(1)
For the period from the commencement of operations, October 1, 2009, to December 31, 2009.
(2)
Computed using average shares outstanding.
(3)
Redemption fees were discontinued as of January 1, 2011.
(4)
Amount is less than $0.0005.
(5)
Returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value with all distributions reinvested and do not reflect the effect of sales charges.
(6)
Not annualized.
(7)
Includes the Funds share of the Portfolios allocated expenses.
(8)
Excludes the effect of custody fee credits, if any, of less than 0.005%.
(9)
The investment adviser and/or sub-adviser to the Portfolio and manager and/or administrator subsidized certain operating expenses (equal to 0.
14%, 0.
16% and 0.08% of average daily net assets for the
years
ended December 31,
2013,
2012 and 2011, respectively). Absent this subsidy, total return would be lower.
(10)
Annualized.
(11)
For the Portfolios year ended December 31, 2009.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
21
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
More Information
About the Fund: More information is available in the Statement of Additional Information. The Statement of Additional Information is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus. Additional information about the Portfolios investments is available in the annual and semiannual reports to shareholders. In the annual report, you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Funds performance during the past fiscal year. You may obtain free copies of the Statement of Additional Information and the shareholder reports on Eaton Vances website at www.eatonvance.com or by contacting the principal underwriter:
Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc.
Two International Place
Boston, MA 02110
1-800-262-1122
website: www.eatonvance.com
You will find and may copy information about the Fund (including the Statement of Additional Information and shareholder reports): at the SECs public reference room in Washington, DC (call 1-800-732-0330 for information on the operation of the public reference room); on the EDGAR Database on the SECs website (www.sec.gov); or, upon payment of copying fees, by writing to the SECs Public Reference Section, 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549-0102, or by electronic mail at publicinfo@sec.gov.
Shareholder Inquiries: You can obtain more information from Eaton Vance Shareholder Services or the Fund transfer agent, BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. If you own shares and would like to add to, redeem or change your account, please write or call below:
Regular Mailing Address:
|
|
Overnight Mailing Address:
|
|
Phone Number:
|
The Fund's Investment Company Act No. is 811-01545. |
|
3170 5.1.14 |
© 2014 Eaton Vance Management |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
Class A Shares - EAGIX
Class I Shares - EIGIX
A diversified fund seeking current income and total return
Prospectus Dated
May 1,
2014
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved these securities or determined whether this Prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Information in this Prospectus
|
Page |
|
Page |
Fund Summary |
2 |
Investment Objectives & Principal Policies and Risks |
7 |
Investment Objectives |
2 |
Management and Organization |
12 |
Fees and Expenses of the Fund |
2 |
Valuing Shares |
13 |
Portfolio Turnover |
2 |
Purchasing Shares |
13 |
Principal Investment Strategies |
2 |
Sales Charges |
16 |
Principal Risks |
3 |
Redeeming Shares |
18 |
Performance |
5 |
Shareholder Account Features |
19 |
Management |
6 |
Additional Tax Information |
20 |
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares |
6 |
Financial Highlights |
22 |
Tax Information |
6 |
|
|
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries |
6 |
|
|
This Prospectus contains important information about the Fund and the services
available to shareholders. Please save it for reference.
Fund Summary
Investment Objectives
The Funds investment objectives are to seek current income and total return.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for a reduced sales charge if you invest, or agree to invest over a 13-month period, at least $50,000 in Eaton Vance funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in Sales Charges beginning on page 16 of this Prospectus and page 19 of the Funds Statement of Additional Information.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) |
Class A |
Class I |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of offering price) |
4.75% |
None |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at time of purchase or redemption) |
None |
None |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) (1) |
Class A |
Class I |
Management Fees |
0.45% |
0.45% |
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.25% |
n/a |
Other Expenses |
0.33 % |
0.33 % |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
1.03% |
0.78% |
Expense Reimbursement (2) |
(0.28) % |
(0.28) % |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Expense Reimbursement |
0.75% |
0.50% |
(1)
Expenses in the table above and the Example below reflect the expenses of the Fund and the Investment Grade Income Portfolio (the Portfolio), the Funds master Portfolio.
(2)
The administrator has agreed to reimburse the Funds expenses to the extent that Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses exceed 0.75% for Class A shares and 0.50% for Class I shares. This expense reimbursement will continue through April 30,
2015
. Any amendment to or a termination of this reimbursement would require written approval of the Board of Trustees. The expense reimbursement relates to ordinary operating expenses only and does not include expenses such as: brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses
of unaffiliated funds
, interest expense, taxes or litigation expenses. Amounts reimbursed may be recouped by the administrator during the Funds current fiscal year to the extent actual expenses are less than the contractual expense cap during such year.
Example. This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
|
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
Class A shares |
$ 548 |
$ 761 |
$ 991 |
$ 1,650 |
Class I shares |
$ 51 |
$ 221 |
$ 406 |
$ 940 |
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over the portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was
107
% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objectives by investing primarily in fixed-income securities, which may include preferred stocks, corporate bonds, U.S. Government securities, money market instruments, mortgage-backed securities (including collateralized mortgage obligations and so-called seasoned mortgage-backed securities), commercial mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities (including collateralized debt obligations and collateralized loan obligations) and convertible debt securities. The Fund may invest significantly in securities issued by various U.S. Government-sponsored entities, such as the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, the Federal National Mortgage Association and Federal Home Loan Banks. Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in investment grade securities that are rated at least
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
2
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
BBB by Standard & Poors Ratings Services (S&P) or Baa by Moodys Investors Service, Inc. (Moodys) or by Fitch Ratings (Fitch) or in unrated securities determined by the investment adviser to be of comparable quality (the 80% Policy). The Fund limits investment in securities rated below investment grade (i.e., rated below BBB by S&P or Baa by Moodys or Fitch) and credit derivatives where the credit rating of the reference instrument is below investment grade to not more than 15% of its total assets, and may invest in securities in any rating category, including those in default. For purposes of rating restrictions, if securities are rated differently by the rating agencies, the higher rating is used. The Fund is expected to have an average effective maturity between five and ten years.
The Fund may invest up to 25% of its total assets in foreign securities, some of which may be located in emerging market countries. As an alternative to holding foreign securities directly, the Fund may invest in dollar-denominated securities of foreign companies that trade on U.S. exchanges or in the over-the-counter market (including depositary receipts that evidence ownership in underlying foreign securities).
The Fund may invest a portion of its assets in Eurodollar and Yankee Dollar Instruments. The Fund may, at times, engage in derivative transactions (such as options, swaptions, interest rate swaps, forward rate contracts, futures contracts and options thereon, forward foreign currency exchange contracts and credit derivatives) to
seek to
hedge against fluctuations in securities prices, interest rates or currency exchange rates, to
seek to
enhance returns or as a substitute for purchasing or selling securities or currencies. Permitted credit derivatives include credit default swaps, total return swaps and credit options. The Fund may lend its securities. The Fund may invest up to 10% of its net assets in inflation-linked debt securities. The Fund may also invest up to 10% of its net assets in municipal securities directly or through investments in other investment companies.
Investment decisions for the Fund are made primarily on the basis of fundamental and quantitative research conducted by the investment advisers research staff. Management of the Fund involves consideration of numerous factors (such as quality of business franchises, financial strength, management capability and integrity, growth potential, valuation and earnings and cash flow capabilities). The portfolio managers may sell a security when the investment advisers price objective is reached, the fundamentals of the company change or to pursue more attractive investment options. The portfolio managers intend to focus on risk management and also seek to preserve capital to the extent consistent with the Funds investment objectives. The Fund intends to seek to manage investment risk by maintaining broad issuer and industry diversification among its holdings, and by utilizing fundamental analysis of risk/return characteristics in securities selection.
The Fund currently invests its assets in
the
Portfolio
,
a separate registered investment company with the same investment objectives as the Fund.
Principal Risks
Debt Market Risk. Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for investments held by the Fund, which may reduce their market prices and cause the value of Fund shares to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted. Certain securities and other investments held by the Fund can experience downturns in trading activity and, at such times, the supply of such instruments in the market may exceed the demand. At other times, the demand for such instruments may exceed the supply in the market. An imbalance in supply and demand in the market may result in valuation uncertainties and greater volatility, less liquidity, wider trading spreads and a lack of price transparency in the market. No active trading market may exist for certain investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such assets. Adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of some actively traded investments. Fixed income markets have recently experienced a period of relatively high volatility. If the Federal Reserve continues to taper or reverse its quantitative easing stimulus program and/or increases interest rates, fixed income markets could experience continuing high volatility, which could negatively impact the Funds performance.
Interest Rate Risk.
In general
, the value of
income securities will fluctuate based on changes in interest rates. The value of these securities
is likely to
increase
when interest rates
fall and
decline
when interest rates
rise.
Generally,
securities with longer
durations
are more sensitive to changes in interest rates than
shorter
duration securities. In a
rising interest rate environment
,
the
duration
of
income securities that have the ability to be prepaid
or
called by
the
issuer may be extended.
In a declining interest rate environment,
the
proceeds
from prepaid or maturing instruments may have to be reinvested
at
a
lower
interest rate
.
Credit Risk. Investments in debt obligations are subject to the risk of non-payment of scheduled principal and interest. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances may reduce the capacity of the party obligated to make principal and interest payments on such instruments and may lead to defaults. Such non-payments and defaults may reduce the value of Fund shares and income distributions. The value of a debt obligation also may decline because of concerns about the issuers ability to make principal and interest payments. In addition, the credit ratings of fixed-income securities may be lowered if the financial condition of the party obligated to make payments with respect to such instruments changes. Credit ratings assigned by rating agencies are based on a number of factors and do not necessarily reflect the issuers current financial condition or the volatility or liquidity of the security. In the event of bankruptcy of the issuer of fixed-income securities, the Fund could experience delays or
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
3
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
limitations with respect to its ability to realize the benefits of any collateral securing the instrument. In order to enforce its rights in the event of a default, bankruptcy or similar situation, the Fund may be required to retain legal or similar counsel. This may increase the Funds operating expenses and adversely affect net asset value.
Risk of U.S. Government-Sponsored Agencies. Although certain U.S. Government-sponsored agencies (such as the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation and the Federal National Mortgage Association) may be chartered or sponsored by acts of Congress, their securities are neither issued nor guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury.
Foreign and Emerging Market Investment Risk. Because the Fund may invest a portion of its assets in foreign instruments, the value of Fund shares can be adversely affected by changes in currency exchange rates and political, economic and market developments abroad. In emerging or less developed countries, these risks can be more significant. Investment markets in emerging market countries are typically substantially smaller, less liquid and more volatile than the major markets in developed countries. As a result, Fund share values may be more volatile than if the Fund invested only in developed markets. Emerging market countries may have relatively unstable governments and economies. Emerging market investments often are subject to speculative trading, which typically contributes to volatility. Trading in foreign and emerging markets typically involves higher expense than trading in the United States. The Fund may have difficulties enforcing its legal or contractual rights in a foreign country. The value of investments denominated in foreign currencies can be adversely affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Depositary receipts are subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities, including political and economic risks.
Risk of Lower Rated Investments. Investments rated below investment grade and comparable unrated securities (junk bonds) have speculative characteristics because of the credit risk associated with their issuers. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances typically have a greater effect on the ability of issuers of lower rated investments to make principal and interest payments than they do on issuers of higher rated investments. An economic downturn generally leads to a higher non-payment rate, and a lower rated investment may lose significant value before a default occurs. Lower rated investments typically are subject to greater price volatility and illiquidity than higher rated investments.
Derivatives Risk. The use of derivatives can lead to losses because of adverse movements in the price or value of the asset, index, rate or instrument underlying a derivative, due to failure of a counterparty or due to tax or regulatory constraints. Derivatives may create economic leverage in the Fund, which magnifies the Funds exposure to the underlying investment. Derivatives risk may be more significant when derivatives are used to enhance return or as a substitute for a cash investment position, rather than solely to hedge the risk of a position held by the Fund. When derivatives are used to gain or limit exposure to a particular market or market segment, their performance may not correlate as expected to the performance of such market, thereby causing the Fund to fail to achieve its original purpose for using such derivatives. A decision as to whether, when and how to use derivatives involves the exercise of specialized skill and judgment, and a transaction may be unsuccessful in whole or in part because of market behavior or unexpected events. Derivative instruments traded in over-the-counter markets may be difficult to value, may be illiquid, and may be subject to wide swings in valuation caused by changes in the value of the underlying instrument. If a derivatives counterparty is unable to honor its commitments, the value of Fund shares may decline and the Fund could experience delays in the return of collateral or other assets held by the counterparty. The loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.
Inflation-Linked Security Risk. Inflation-linked debt securities are subject to the effects of changes in market interest rates caused by factors other than inflation (real interest rates). In general, the price of an inflation-linked security tends to decrease when real interest rates increase and increase when real interest rates decrease. Interest payments on inflation-linked securities may vary widely and will fluctuate as the principal and interest are adjusted for inflation. Any increase in the principal amount of an inflation-linked debt security will be considered taxable ordinary income, even though the Fund will not receive the principal until maturity. There can be no assurance that the inflation index used will accurately measure the real rate of inflation in the prices of goods and services. The Funds investments in inflation-linked securities may lose value in the event that the actual rate of inflation is different than the rate of the inflation index.
Municipal Bond Risk. The amount of public information available about municipal bonds is generally less than for corporate equities or bonds, meaning that the investment performance of municipal bond investments may be more dependent on the analytical abilities of the investment adviser than stock or corporate bond investments. The secondary market for municipal bonds also tends to be less well-developed and less liquid than many other securities markets, which may limit an owners ability to sell its municipal bonds at attractive prices. The spread between the price at which an obligation can be purchased and the price at which it can be sold may widen during periods of market distress. Less liquid obligations can become more difficult to value and be subject to erratic price movements. The increased presence of non-traditional participants or the absence of traditional participants in the municipal markets may lead to greater volatility in the markets.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
4
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Securities Lending Risk. Securities lending involves possible delay in recovery of the securities or possible loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower fail financially. As a result, the value of Fund shares may fall and there may be a delay in recovering the loaned securities. The value of Fund shares could also fall if a loan is called and the Fund is required to liquidate reinvested collateral at a loss or if the investment adviser is unable to reinvest cash collateral at rates that exceed the costs involved.
Risks Associated with Active Management. The Fund is an actively managed portfolio and its success depends upon the investment skills and analytical abilities of the investment adviser to develop and effectively implement strategies to achieve the Funds investment objectives. Subjective decisions made by the investment adviser may cause the Fund to incur losses or to miss profit opportunities on which it may otherwise have capitalized.
Risk of Leveraged Transactions.
Certain Fund transactions may give rise to
leverage. Such transactions may include, among others,
dollar rolls
, loans of portfolio securities and the use of when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment transactions
and certain derivative transactions. The Fund is required to segregate liquid assets or otherwise cover the Funds obligation created by a transaction that may give rise to leverage. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements. Leverage may cause the
Funds share price
to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged, as certain types of leverage may exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Funds portfolio securities. The loss on leveraged
investments
may substantially exceed the initial investment.
General Fund Investing Risks. The Fund is not a complete investment program and you may lose money by investing in the Fund. All investments carry a certain amount of risk and there is no guarantee that the Fund will be able to achieve its investment objectives. Annual Fund Operating Expenses expressed as a percentage of the Funds average daily net assets may change as Fund assets increase and decrease, and Annual Fund Operating Expenses may differ in the future. Purchase and redemption activities by Fund shareholders may impact the management of the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objectives. In addition, the redemption by one or more large shareholders or groups of shareholders of their holdings in the Fund could have an adverse impact on the remaining shareholders in the Fund. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person. Mutual funds, investment advisers, other market participants and many securities markets are subject to rules and regulations and the jurisdiction of one or more regulators. Changes to applicable rules and regulations could have an adverse affect on securities markets and market participants, as well as on the Funds ability to execute its investment strategy.
Performance
The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Funds performance from year to year and how the Funds average annual returns over time compare with those of a broad-based securities market index. The returns in the bar chart are for Class A shares and do not reflect a sales charge. If the sales charge was reflected, the returns would be lower. Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results.
The performance of each Class for the period prior March 21, 2007 is that of Investment Grade Income Portfolio, the registered investment company in which the Fund invests. The performance of the Portfolio is not adjusted for Fund expenses. If such an adjustment was made, the performance may have been different. The Funds performance after March 21, 2007 reflects the effects of expense reductions. Absent these reductions, performance would have been lower. Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com
.
For
the ten years ended December 31,
2013
, the highest quarterly total return for Class A was 5.35% for the quarter ended December 31, 2008, and the lowest quarterly return was 2.45% for the quarter ended June 30, 2004. For the 30 days ended December 31,
2013
, the SEC yield for Class A and Class I shares was 2.
16
% and 2.
51
%, respectively. For current yield information call 1-800-262-1122.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
5
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Average Annual Total Return as of December 31, 2013 |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Class A Return Before Taxes |
5.90% |
3.61% |
3.76% |
Class A Return After Taxes on Distributions |
7.54% |
1.93% |
2.03% |
Class A Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Class A Shares |
3.21% |
2.24% |
2.28% |
Class I Return Before Taxes |
1.04% |
4.86% |
4.38% |
Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index (reflects no deductions for fees, expenses or taxes) |
2.02% |
4.44% |
4.54% |
These returns reflect the maximum sales charge for Class A (4.75%). The Class A performance shown above for the period prior to January 5, 2009 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Class I shares, adjusted for the sales charge that applies to Class A shares (but not adjusted for any other differences in the expenses of the two classes). Performance prior to March 21, 2007 (commencement of operations) is the performance of the Portfolio. If adjusted for other expenses, returns would be different. Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.
After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from the after-tax returns presented for Class A shares. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Management
Investment Adviser. Boston Management and Research (BMR).
Portfolio Managers
Thomas H. Luster, Vice President of BMR, has co-managed the Portfolio since 2010.
Bernard Scozzafava, Vice President of BMR, has co-managed the Portfolio since 2010.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares on any business day, which is any day the New York Stock Exchange is open for business. You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares either through your financial intermediary or directly from the Fund either by writing to the Fund, P.O. Box 9653, Providence, RI 02940-9653, or by calling 1-800-262-1122. The minimum initial purchase or exchange into the Fund is $1,000 for Class A and $250,000 for Class I (waived in certain circumstances). There is no minimum for subsequent investments.
The Funds distributions are expected to be taxed as ordinary income and/or capital gains, unless you are exempt from taxation.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase Fund shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank) (collectively, financial intermediaries), the Fund, its principal underwriter and its affiliates may pay the financial intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the financial intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediarys website for more information.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
6
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Investment Objectives & Principal Policies and Risks
The Fund and Portfolio are permitted to engage in the following investment practices to the extent set forth in Fund Summary above. References to the Fund below are to the Fund and Portfolio, as applicable.
A statement of the investment objectives and principal investment policies and risks of the Fund is set forth above in Fund Summary. As noted in Fund Summary, the Fund seeks to achieve its investment objectives by investing in the Portfolio named therein, which has the same investment objectives and policies as the Fund. Set forth below is additional information about such policies and risks of the Fund described in Fund Summary above. Information also is included about other types of investments and practices that the Fund may engage in from time to time.
Fixed-income Securities.
Fixed-income securities include all types of
fixed and floating-rate
bonds and notes, such as convertible securities; corporate commercial paper; mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities; inflation-indexed bonds issued by both governments and corporations; structured notes, including hybrid or indexed securities;
loans;
loan participations and assignments; delayed funding loans and revolving credit facilities; preferred securities; and bank certificates of deposit, fixed time deposits, bank deposits (or investments structured to provide the same type of exposure) and bankers acceptances of foreign and domestic banks
and other debt instruments.
Fixed-income securities are issued by:
foreign
governments or their subdivisions, agencies and government-sponsored enterprises; international agencies or supranational entities; the U.S. Government, its agencies or government-sponsored enterprises (or guaranteed thereby); central or quasi-sovereign banks and U.S. and
foreign
corporations. Fixed-income securities include deep discount bonds, such as zero coupon bonds, deferred interest bonds, bonds or securities on which the interest is payable in-kind (PIK securities), which are debt obligations that are issued at a significant discount from face value, and securities purchased on a forward commitment or when-issued basis. While zero coupon bonds do not make periodic payments of interest, deferred interest bonds provide for a period of delay before the regular payment of interest begins. PIK securities provide that the issuer thereof may, at its option, pay interest in cash or in the form of additional securities.
Credit Quality. Rating agencies are private services that provide ratings of the credit quality of certain loans and other income securities. In evaluating creditworthiness, the investment adviser considers ratings assigned by rating agencies and generally performs additional credit and investment analysis. Credit ratings issued by rating agencies are based on a number of factors including, but not limited to, the issuers financial condition and the rating agencys credit analysis, if applicable, at the time of rating. The ratings assigned are not absolute standards of credit quality and do not evaluate market risks or necessarily reflect the issuers current financial condition. An issuers current financial condition may be better or worse than the current rating indicates. A credit rating may have a modifier (such as plus, minus or a numerical modifier) to denote its relative status within the rating. The presence of a modifier does not change the security credit rating (for example, BBB- and Baa3 are within the investment grade rating) for purposes of the Fund ’ s investment limitations. If a security is rated differently by rating agencies, the higher rating will be used for any Fund rating restrictions.
U.S. Treasury and Government Agency Securities. U.S. Treasury Securities include U.S. Treasury obligations that differ in their interest rates, maturities and times of issuance. Agency Securities include obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies or instrumentalities and government-sponsored enterprises. Agency Securities may be guaranteed by the U.S. Government or they may be backed by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury, the discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase the obligations, or the credit of the agency or instrumentality. While U.S. Government agencies may be chartered or sponsored by Acts of Congress, their securities are not issued and may not be guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury. To the extent that the Fund invests in securities of government-sponsored enterprises, the Fund will be subject to the risks unique to such entities. Government-sponsored enterprises, such as the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac), the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae), the Federal Home Loan Banks (FHLBs), the Private Export Funding Corporation (PEFCO), the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), the Federal Farm Credit Banks (FFCB) and the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), although chartered or sponsored by Congress, are not funded by congressional appropriations and the debt and mortgage-backed securities issued by them are neither guaranteed nor issued by the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government has provided financial support to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac in the past, but there can be no assurance that it will support these or other government-sponsored enterprises in the future. Treasury Securities and Agency Securities also include any security or agreement collateralized or otherwise secured by Treasury Securities or Agency Securities, respectively. As a result of their high credit quality and market liquidity, U.S. Government securities generally provide a lower current return than obligations of other issuers.
Asset-Backed Securities. Asset-backed securities represent interests in a pool of assets, such as home equity loans, commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS), automobile receivables or credit card receivables. Unscheduled prepayments of asset-backed securities may result in a loss of income if the proceeds are invested in lower-yielding securities. In addition, issuers of asset-backed securities may have limited ability to enforce the security interest in the underlying assets, and credit enhancements (if any) may be inadequate in the event of default. Asset-backed securities may experience losses on the underlying assets as a result of certain rights provided to consumer debtors under federal and state law. The value of asset-backed securities may be
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
7
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
affected by the factors described above and other factors, such as the availability of information concerning the pool and its structure, the creditworthiness of the servicing agent for the pool, the originator of the underlying assets or the entities providing credit enhancements and the ability of the servicer to service the underlying collateral. The value of asset-backed securities representing interests in a pool of utilities receivables may be adversely affected by changes in government regulations. Under certain market conditions, asset-backed securities may be less liquid and may be difficult to value.
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities. CMBS include securities that reflect an interest in, and are secured by, mortgage loans on commercial real property. CMBS are subject to the risks described under Asset-Backed Securities above. CMBS also are subject to many of the risks of investing in the real estate securing the underlying mortgage loans. These risks reflect the effects of local and other economic conditions on real estate markets, the ability of tenants to make loan payments, and the ability of a property to attract and retain tenants. CMBS may be less liquid and exhibit a greater price volatility than other types of mortgage- or asset-backed securities.
The commercial mortgage loans that underlie CMBS have certain distinct risk characteristics. Commercial mortgage loans generally lack standardized terms, which may complicate their structure, tend to have shorter maturities than residential mortgage loans and may not be fully amortizing. Commercial properties themselves tend to be unique and are more difficult to value than single-family residential properties. In addition, commercial properties, particularly industrial and warehouse properties, are subject to environmental risks and the burdens and costs of compliance with environmental laws and regulations.
Mortgage-Backed Securities (MBS). MBS represent participation interests in pools of adjustable and fixed-rate mortgage loans. MBS may be issued by the U.S. Government (or one of its agencies or instrumentalities) or privately issued but collateralized by mortgages that are insured, guaranteed or otherwise backed by the U.S. Government, or its agencies or instrumentalities. Adjustable rate mortgages are mortgages whose interest rates are periodically reset when market rates change. Unlike conventional debt obligations, MBS provide monthly payments derived from the monthly interest and principal payments (including any prepayments) made by the individual borrowers on the pooled mortgage loans. MBS that include loans that have had a history of refinancing opportunities are referred to as seasoned MBS. MBS that are not seasoned MBS are referred to as generic MBS. Seasoned MBS tend to have a higher collateral to debt ratio than other MBS because a greater percentage of the underlying debt has been repaid and the collateral property may have appreciated in value. MBS may be premium bonds acquired at prices that exceed their par or principal value.
The mortgage loans underlying MBS are generally subject to a greater rate of principal prepayments in a declining interest rate environment and to a lesser rate of principal prepayments in an increasing interest rate environment, although investment in seasoned MBS can mitigate this risk. Under certain interest and prepayment rate scenarios, the Fund may fail to recover the full amount of its investment in MBS, notwithstanding any direct or indirect governmental or agency guarantee. Moreover, if the Fund invests in interest only stripped MBS, it may fail to recoup its initial investment if the underlying mortgages experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal. Because faster than expected prepayments must usually be invested in lower yielding securities, MBS are less effective than conventional bonds in locking in a specified interest rate. For premium bonds, prepayment risk may be enhanced. In a rising interest rate environment, a declining prepayment rate will extend the average life of many MBS. This possibility is often referred to as extension risk. Extending the average life of a mortgage-backed security increases the risk of depreciation due to future increases in market interest rates. MBS that are purchased at a premium generate current income that exceeds market rates for comparable investments, but tend to decrease in value as they mature. MBS include classes of collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs), including fixed- or floating-rate tranches, and various other MBS. In choosing among CMO classes, the investment adviser will evaluate the total income potential of each class and other factors. CMOs are subject to the same types of risks affecting MBS as described above. Mortgage dollar rolls involve the Fund selling MBS for delivery in the current month with a simultaneous contract entered to repurchase substantially similar (same type, coupon and maturity) securities on a specified future date (a mortgage roll). During the roll period, the Fund foregoes principal and interest paid on the MBS.
Foreign and Emerging Market Investments. Investments in foreign issuers could be affected by factors not present in the United States, including expropriation, armed conflict, confiscatory taxation, lack of uniform accounting and auditing standards, less publicly available financial and other information, and potential difficulties in enforcing contractual obligations. Because foreign issuers may not be subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standard practices and requirements and regulatory measures comparable to those in the United States, there may be less publicly available information about such foreign issuers. Settlements of securities transactions in foreign countries are subject to risk of loss, may be delayed and are generally less frequent than in the United States, which could affect the liquidity of the Funds assets.
As an alternative to holding foreign-traded investments, the Fund may invest in
U.S.
dollar-denominated investments of foreign companies that trade on U.S. exchanges or in the U.S. over-the-counter market (including depositary receipts
, which
evidence ownership in underlying foreign investments
and are subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities.
Unless otherwise stated in Fund Summary, such investments are not subject to any stated limitation on investing in foreign investments.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
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Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
The foregoing risks of foreign investing can be more significant in less developed countries characterized as emerging market countries, which may offer higher potential for gains and losses than investments in the developed markets of the world. Political and economic structures in emerging market countries generally lack the social, political and economic stability of developed countries, which may affect the value of the Funds investments in these countries and also the ability of the Fund to access markets in such countries. Governmental actions can have a significant effect on the economic conditions in emerging market countries, which also may adversely affect the value and liquidity of the Funds investments. The laws of emerging market countries relating to the limited liability of corporate shareholders, fiduciary duties of officers and directors, and bankruptcy of state enterprises are generally less well developed than or different from such laws in the United States. It may be more difficult to obtain a judgment in the courts of these countries than it is in the United States. Disruptions due to work stoppages and trading improprieties in foreign securities markets have caused such markets to close. If extended closings were to occur in stock markets where the Fund is heavily invested, the Funds ability to redeem Fund shares could become impaired. In such circumstances, the Fund may have to sell more liquid securities than it would otherwise choose to sell. Emerging market securities are also subject to speculative trading, which contributes to their volatility.
Derivatives. The Fund may enter into derivatives transactions with respect to any security or other instrument in which it is permitted to invest or any related security, instrument, index or economic indicator (reference instruments). Derivatives are financial instruments the value of which is derived from the underlying reference instrument. Derivatives typically allow the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk to which the Fund is exposed more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments. The Fund incurs costs in connection with opening and closing derivatives positions. The Fund may engage in the derivative transactions set forth below, as well as in other derivative transactions with substantially similar characteristics and risks.
Options on Securities, Indices and Currencies. The Fund may engage in transactions in exchange-traded and over-the-counter (OTC) options. There are several risks associated with transactions in options such as imperfect correlation, counterparty risk and an insufficient liquid secondary market for particular options. By buying a put option, the Fund acquires a right to sell the underlying instrument at the exercise price, thus limiting the Fund's risk of loss through a decline in the market value of the instrument until the put option expires. The Fund will pay a premium to the seller of the option for the right to receive payments of cash to the extent that the value of the applicable instrument declines below the exercise price as of the option valuation date. If the price of the instrument is above the exercise price of the option as of the option valuation date, the option expires worthless and the Fund will not be able to recover the option premium paid to the seller. The Fund may purchase uncovered put options. The Fund also has authority to write (i.e., sell) put options. The Fund will receive a premium for writing a put option, which increases the Fund's return. In writing a put option, the Fund has the obligation to buy the underlying instrument at an agreed upon price if the price of such instrument decreases below the exercise price. If the value of the instrument on the option expiration date is above the exercise price, the option will generally expire worthless and the Fund, as option seller, will have no obligation to the option holder.
A purchased call option gives the Fund the right to buy, and obligates the seller to sell, the underlying instrument at the exercise price at any time during the option period. The Fund also is authorized to write (i.e., sell) call options on instruments in which it may invest and to enter into closing purchase transactions with respect to such options. A covered call option is an option in which the Fund, in return for a premium, gives another party a right to buy specified instruments owned by the Fund at a specified future date and price set at the time of the contract. The Fund's ability to sell the instrument underlying a call option may be limited while the option is in effect unless the Fund enters into a closing purchase transaction. Uncovered call options have speculative characteristics and are riskier than covered call options because there is no underlying instrument held by the Fund that can act as a partial hedge. As the writer of a covered call option or an index call option, the Fund forgoes, during the options life, the opportunity to profit from increases in the market value of the security or the index covering the call option above the sum of the option premium received and the exercise price of the call, but has retained the risk of loss, minus the option premium received, should the price of the underlying security or index decline.
OTC options involve risk that the issuer or counterparty will fail to perform its contractual obligations. Participants in these markets are typically not subject to the same credit evaluation and regulatory oversight as are members of exchange-based markets. By engaging in option transactions in these markets, the Fund may take a credit risk with regard to parties with which it trades and also may bear the risk of settlement default.
The Fund may also enter into swaptions, which are options giving the option owner the right (but not the obligation) to enter into or cancel a swap agreement at a future date.
Futures Contracts. The Fund may engage in transactions in futures contracts and options on futures contracts. Futures are standardized, exchange-traded contracts that obligate a purchaser to take delivery, and a seller to make delivery, of a specific amount of an asset at a specified future date at a specified price. The Fund also is authorized to purchase or sell call and put options on futures contracts. The primary risks associated with the use of futures contracts and options are imperfect correlation, liquidity, unanticipated market movement and counterparty risk.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
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Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts.
Certain
forward foreign currency exchange contracts
may be
individually negotiated and privately traded so they are dependent upon the creditworthiness of the counterparty.
Forward contracts
are subject to the risk of political and economic factors applicable to the countries issuing the underlying currencies. Furthermore, unlike trading in most other types of instruments, there is no systematic reporting of last sale information with respect to the foreign currencies underlying forwards. As a result, available information may not be complete.
Credit Default Swaps. Credit default swap agreements (CDS) enable the Fund to buy or sell credit protection on an individual issuer or basket of issuers (i.e., the reference instrument). The Fund may enter into CDS to gain or short exposure to a reference instrument. Long CDS positions are utilized to gain exposure to a reference instrument (similar to buying the instrument) and are akin to selling insurance on the instrument. Short CDS positions are utilized to short exposure to a reference instrument (similar to shorting the instrument) and are akin to buying insurance on the instrument. In response to market events, federal and certain state regulators have proposed regulation of the CDS market. These regulations may limit the Funds ability to use CDS and/or the benefits of CDS. CDS involve risks, including the risk that the counterparty may be unable to fulfill the transaction or that the Fund may be required to purchase securities or other instruments to meet delivery obligations. The Fund may have difficulty, be unable or may incur additional costs to acquire such securities or instruments.
Total Return Swaps. In a total return swap, the buyer receives a periodic return equal to the total return of a specified security, securities or index, for a specified period of time. In return, the buyer pays the counterparty a variable stream of payments, typically based upon short term interest rates, possibly plus or minus an agreed upon spread. These transactions involve risks, including counterparty risk.
Interest Rate Swaps. Interest rate swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive interest, e.g., an exchange of fixed rate payments for floating rate payments. Interest rate swaps involve counterparty risk and the risk of imperfect correlation.
Forward Rate Agreements. Under forward rate agreements, the buyer locks in an interest rate at a future settlement date. If the interest rate on the settlement date exceeds the lock rate, the buyer pays the seller the difference between the two rates. If the lock rate exceeds the interest rate on the settlement date, the seller pays the buyer the difference between the two rates. These transactions involve risks, including counterparty risk.
Credit Linked Notes, Credit Options and Similar Investments. Credit linked notes are obligations between two or more parties where the payment of principal and/or interest is based on the performance of some obligation, basket of obligations, index or economic indicator (a reference instrument). In addition to the credit risk associated with the reference instrument and interest rate risk, the buyer and seller of a credit linked note or similar structured investment are subject to counterparty risk. Credit options are options whereby the purchaser has the right, but not the obligation, to enter into a transaction involving either an asset with inherent credit risk or a credit derivative, at terms specified at the initiation of the option. These transactions involve risks, including counterparty risk.
Short Sales. The Fund may engage in covered short sales (on individual securities held or on an index or basket of securities whose constituents are held in whole or in part or for which liquid assets have been segregated). A short sale on an individual security typically involves the sale of a security that is borrowed from a broker or other institution to complete the sale. Short sales expose the seller to the risk that it will be required to acquire securities to replace the borrowed securities (also known as covering the short position) at a time when the securities sold short have appreciated in value, thus resulting in a loss. When making a short sale, the Fund must segregate liquid assets equal to (or otherwise cover) its obligations under the short sale. The seller of a short position generally realizes a profit on the transaction if the price it receives on the short sale exceeds the cost of closing out the position by purchasing securities in the market, but generally realizes a loss if the cost of closing out the short position exceeds the proceeds of the short sale.
Convertible Securities. A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note, preferred security, or other security that entitles the holder to acquire common stock or other equity securities of the same or a different issuer. A convertible security entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on debt or the dividend paid on preferred securities until the convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Before conversion, convertible securities have characteristics similar to nonconvertible income securities. The value of a convertible security is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other issuer and market factors also may have an effect on the convertible securitys value. A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible securitys governing instrument.
Lower Rated Securities. Investments in obligations rated below investment grade and comparable unrated securities (junk bonds) have speculative characteristics because of the credit risk associated with their issuers. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances typically have a greater effect on the ability of issuers of lower rated investments to make principal and interest payments than they do on issuers of higher rated investments. An economic downturn generally leads to a higher non-payment rate, and a lower rated investment may lose significant value before a default occurs. Lower rated investments generally are subject to greater price volatility and illiquidity than higher rated investments.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
10
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Repurchase Agreements.
A repurchase agreement is the purchase by the Fund of securities from a counterparty in exchange for cash that is coupled with an agreement to resell those securities to the counterparty at a specified date and price. Repurchase agreements
that
mature in more than seven days will be treated as illiquid. When a repurchase agreement is entered into, the Fund typically receives securities with a value that equals or exceeds the repurchase price, including any accrued interest earned on the agreement. The value of such securities will be marked to market daily, and cash or additional securities will be exchanged between the parties as needed. Except in the case of a repurchase agreement entered into to settle a short sale, the value of the securities delivered to the Fund will be at least equal to the repurchase price during the term of the repurchase agreement. The terms of a repurchase agreement entered into to settle a short sale may provide that the cash purchase price paid by the Fund is more than the value of purchased securities that effectively collateralize the repurchase price payable by the counterparty. Since in such a transaction the Fund normally will have used the purchased securities to settle the short sale, the Fund will segregate liquid assets equal to the marked to market value of the purchased securities that it is obligated to return to the counterparty under the repurchase agreement.
Inflation-Indexed Bonds. Inflation-indexed bonds (other than municipal inflation-indexed bonds and certain corporate inflation-indexed bonds) are fixed-income securities whose principal value is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation. If the index measuring inflation falls, the principal value of inflation-indexed bonds (other than municipal inflation-indexed bonds and certain corporate inflation-indexed bonds) will be adjusted downward, and consequently the interest payable on these securities (calculated with respect to a smaller principal amount) will be reduced. Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury in the case of U.S. Treasury inflation-indexed bonds. For bonds that do not provide a similar guarantee, the adjusted principal value of the bond repaid at maturity may be less than the original principal.
Municipal Obligations. Municipal obligations include bonds, notes, floating-rate notes and commercial paper issued by municipalities and agencies and authorities established by those municipalities. Municipal debt may be used for a wide variety of public and private purposes, and the interest thereon may or may not be subject to U.S. federal income tax. Municipal obligations also include municipal leases and participations in municipal leases. An issuers obligation under such leases is often subject to the appropriation by a legislative body, on an annual or other basis, of funds for the payment of the obligations. Certain municipal obligations may be purchased on a when-issued basis, which means that payment and delivery occur on a future settlement date. The price and yield of such securities are generally fixed on the date of commitment to purchase.
Eurodollar and Yankee Dollar Instruments. The Fund may invest a portion of its assets in Eurodollar and Yankee Dollar instruments. Eurodollar instruments are bonds that pay interest and principal in U.S. dollars held in banks outside the United States, primarily in Europe. Eurodollar instruments are usually issued on behalf of multinational companies and foreign governments by large underwriting groups composed of banks and issuing houses from many countries. Yankee Dollar instruments are U.S. dollar denominated bonds issued in the United States by foreign banks and corporations. These investments involve risks that are different from investments in securities issued by U.S. issuers, and may carry many of the same risks as investing in foreign securities.
Securities Lending. The Fund may seek to earn income by lending portfolio securities to broker-dealers or other institutional borrowers. As with other extensions of credit, there are risks of delay in recovery or even loss of rights in the securities loaned if the borrower of the securities fails financially. Loans will only be made to firms that have been approved by the investment adviser and the investment adviser or the securities lending agent will periodically monitor the financial condition of such organizations while any loans are outstanding. In addition, loans will only be made when the investment adviser believes the expected returns, net of expenses, justify the attendant risk. Securities loans currently are required to be secured continuously by collateral in cash, cash equivalents (such as money market instruments) or other liquid securities held by the custodian and maintained in an amount at least equal to the market value of the securities loaned. The Fund may lend up to one-third of the value of its total assets (including borrowings) or such other amount as is permitted under relevant law.
Pooled Investment Vehicles.
Subject to applicable limitations, the Fund may invest in pooled investment vehicles, including open- and closed-end investment companies affiliated or unaffiliated with the investment adviser, and exchange-traded funds. The market for common shares of closed-end investment companies and exchange-traded funds, which are generally traded on an exchange, is affected by the demand for those securities, regardless of the value of the funds underlying portfolio assets. The Fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any management fees and expenses paid by unaffiliated and certain affiliated pooled investment vehicles in which it invests, except that management fees of affiliated funds may be waived.
If
they exceed 0.01%, the costs associated with such investments will be reflected in Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses in the Annual Fund Operating Expenses in Fund Summary.
Illiquid Securities. The Fund may not invest more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities, which may be difficult to value properly and may involve greater risks than liquid securities. Illiquid securities include those legally restricted as to resale (such as those issued in private placements), and may include commercial paper issued pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A thereunder. Certain Section 4(2)
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
11
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
and Rule 144A securities may be treated as liquid securities if the investment adviser determines that such treatment is warranted. Even if determined to be liquid, holdings of these securities may increase the level of Fund illiquidity if eligible buyers become uninterested in purchasing them.
Borrowing. The Fund is authorized to borrow in accordance with applicable regulations, but currently intends to borrow only for temporary purposes (such as to satisfy redemption requests, to remain fully invested in anticipation of expected cash inflows and to settle transactions). The Fund will not purchase additional investment securities while outstanding borrowings exceed 5% of the value of its total assets.
Cash and Cash Equivalents. The Fund may invest in cash or cash equivalents, including high quality short-term instruments or an affiliated investment company that invests in such instruments.
Portfolio Turnover. The annual portfolio turnover rate of the Fund may exceed 100%. A mutual fund with a high turnover rate (100% or more) may generate more capital gains and pay more commissions (which may reduce return) than a fund with a lower rate. Capital gains distributions (which reduce the after-tax returns of shareholders holding Fund shares in taxable accounts) will be made to shareholders if offsetting capital loss carry forwards do not exist.
General. It is intended that any material change in the Fund's investment objectives will be submitted to shareholders for approval. Certain other policies may be changed without shareholder approval. During unusual market conditions, the Fund may invest up to 100% of its assets in cash or cash equivalents temporarily, which may be inconsistent with its investment objective(s) and other policies. The Fund might not use all of the strategies and techniques or invest in all of the types of securities described in this Prospectus or the Statement of Additional Information. While at times the Fund may use alternative investment strategies in an effort to limit its losses, it may choose not to do so.
The Funds 80% Policy will not be changed unless shareholders are given at least 60 days' advance written notice of the change and, for the purpose of such policy, net assets include any assets purchased with borrowings for investment purposes.
Management and Organization
Management.
The Portfolio
’
s investment adviser is Boston Management and Research (
“
BMR
”
),
an indirect
subsidiary of Eaton Vance
Corp. (
“
EVC
”
). Eaton Vance
Management (
“
Eaton Vance
”
) is a wholly-owned subsidiary of EVC. Eaton Vance and BMR have
offices at Two International Place, Boston, MA 02110. Eaton Vance has been managing assets since 1924 and managing mutual funds since 1931. Eaton Vance and its affiliates currently manage over $
285
billion on behalf of mutual funds, institutional clients and individuals.
The investment adviser manages the investments of the Portfolio. Under its investment advisory agreement with the Portfolio, BMR receives a monthly advisory fee equal to 0.625% annually of the Portfolios average daily net assets up to and including $130 million, and equal to 0.50% annually of the average daily net assets over $130 million. BMR has contractually agreed to reduce its advisory fee to 0.45% annually on average daily net assets of less than $1 billion and to further reduce its advisory fee on average daily net assets of $1 billion or more. This contractual reduction, which cannot be terminated or modified without Trustee and shareholder approval, was effective October 15, 2007. The investment advisory fee on net assets of $1 billion or more is reduced as follows:
Average Daily Net Assets for the Month |
Annual Fee Rate
|
$1 billion up to $2 billion |
0.425% |
$2 billion up to $5 billion |
0.415% |
Over $5 billion |
0.405% |
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the effective annual rate of investment advisory fee, based on average daily net assets of the Portfolio, was 0.45%.
The Funds semiannual shareholder report provides information regarding the basis for the Trustees approval of the Portfolios investment advisory agreement.
Thomas H. Luster and Bernard Scozzafava are the portfolio managers of the Portfolio (since February 2010). Mr. Luster has been a
portfolio manager at Eaton Vance for more than five years and is a Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR. Mr. Scozzafava has been a fixed-income analyst at Eaton Vance for more than five years and is a Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR.
The Statement of Additional Information provides additional information about each portfolio managers compensation, other accounts managed by each portfolio manager, and each portfolio managers ownership of Fund shares.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
12
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance serves as the administrator of the Fund, providing the Fund with administrative services and related office facilities. Eaton Vance does not currently receive a fee for serving as administrator.
Eaton Vance
provides
sub-transfer agency
and related
services
to Eaton Vance mutual funds pursuant to a Sub-Transfer Agency Support Services Agreement. For its services under the agreement
, Eaton Vance receives an aggregate fee
from such funds equal to the lesser of $2.5 million or its
actual expenses
incurred in performing such services
.
Organization. The Fund is a series of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust, a Massachusetts business trust. The Fund offers multiple classes of shares. Each Class represents a pro rata interest in the Fund but is subject to different expenses and rights. The Fund does not hold annual shareholder meetings but may hold special meetings for matters that require shareholder approval (such as electing or removing trustees, approving management or advisory contracts or changing investment policies that may only be changed with shareholder approval).
As a Portfolio investor, the Fund may be asked to vote on certain Portfolio matters (such as changes in certain Portfolio investment restrictions). When necessary, the Fund will hold a meeting of its shareholders to consider Portfolio matters and then vote its interest in the Portfolio in proportion to the votes cast by its shareholders. There may be other Portfolio investors in addition to the Fund. Purchase and redemption activities by other Portfolio investors may impact the management of the Portfolio and its ability to achieve its objectives. The Fund can withdraw its Portfolio investment at any time without shareholder approval.
Valuing Shares
The Fund values its shares once each day only when the New York Stock Exchange (the Exchange) is open for trading (typically Monday through Friday), as of the close of regular trading on the Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m. eastern time). The purchase price of Fund shares is their net asset value (plus
any applicable
sales charge
), which is derived from the value of Portfolio holdings. When purchasing or redeeming Fund shares through a financial intermediary, your financial intermediary must receive your order by the close of regular trading on the Exchange in order for the purchase price or the redemption price to be based on that days net asset value per share. It is the financial intermediarys responsibility to transmit orders promptly. The Fund may accept purchase and redemption orders as of the time of their receipt by certain financial intermediaries (or their designated intermediaries).
The Trustees have adopted procedures for valuing investments and have delegated to the investment adviser the daily valuation of such investments. The investment adviser uses independent pricing services to value debt obligations at their market value. In determining market value, the pricing service considers various factors and market information. Most seasoned fixed-rate 30 year MBS are valued through the use of a matrix pricing system, which takes into account bond prices, yield differentials, anticipated prepayments and interest rates provided by dealers. Certain other MBS, including, but not limited to, collateralized mortgage obligations and adjustable rate MBS, are valued by independent pricing services. Exchange-listed securities and other instruments (including derivatives) normally are valued at closing sale prices. Non-exchange traded derivatives are normally valued on the basis of quotes obtained from brokers and dealers or pricing services. Such values may be based on valuation models, information provided by market makers or estimates of market values obtained from yield or market data relating to investments or securities with similar characteristics. In certain situations, the investment adviser may use the fair value of a security if market prices are unavailable or deemed unreliable, or if events occur after the close of a securities market (usually a foreign market) and before portfolio assets are valued which would materially affect net asset value. A security that is fair valued may be valued at a price higher or lower than actual market quotations or the value determined by other funds using their own fair valuation procedures. Because foreign securities trade on days when Fund shares are not priced, the value of securities held by the Fund can change on days when Fund shares cannot be redeemed. The investment adviser expects to use fair value pricing primarily when a security is not priced by a pricing service or the pricing service or pricing system price is deemed unreliable. The investment adviser may also fair value price foreign securities under the circumstances described above. Eaton Vance has established a Valuation Committee that oversees the valuation of investments.
Purchasing Shares
You may purchase shares through your financial intermediary or by mailing an account application form to the transfer agent (see back cover for address). Purchase orders will be executed at the net asset value (plus any applicable sales charge) next determined after their receipt in proper form (meaning that they are complete and contain all necessary information) by the Funds transfer agent. The Funds transfer agent or your financial intermediary must receive your purchase in proper form no later than the close of regular trading on the Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m. eastern time) for your purchase to be effected at that days net asset value. If you purchase shares through a financial intermediary, that intermediary may charge you a fee for executing the purchase for you.
The Fund may suspend the sale of its shares at any time and any purchase order may be refused for any reason. The funds sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization (the Eaton Vance funds ) do not accept investments from residents of the European
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
13
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Union or Switzerland. The funds also do not accept investments from other non-U.S. residents, provided that a fund may accept investments from certain non-U.S. investors at the discretion of the principal underwriter. The Fund does not issue share certificates.
Class A Shares
Your initial investment must be at least $1,000. After your initial investment, additional investments may be made in any amount at any time by sending a check payable to the order of the Fund or the transfer agent directly to the transfer agent (see back cover for address). Please include your name and account number and the name of the Fund and Class of shares with each investment. You also may make additional investments by accessing your account via the Eaton Vance website at www.eatonvance.com. Purchases made through the Internet from a pre-designated bank account will have a trade date that is the first business day after the purchase is requested (provided the request is submitted no later than the close of regular trading on the Exchange). For more information about purchasing shares through the Internet, please call 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time).
You may make automatic investments of $50 or more each month or each quarter from your bank account. You can establish bank automated investing on the account application or by providing written instructions. Please call 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time) for further information. The minimum initial investment amount and Fund policy of redeeming accounts with low account balances are waived for bank automated investing accounts
,
certain group purchase plans (including
employer sponsored
retirement
plans and proprietary fee-based programs sponsored by financial intermediaries) and for persons affiliated with Eaton Vance, its affiliates and certain Fund service providers (as described in the Statement of Additional Information).
As used throughout this Prospectus, the term employer sponsored retirement plan includes the following: an employer sponsored pension or profit sharing plan that qualifies under section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code (such as a 401(k) plan, money purchase pension, profit sharing and defined benefit plan); ERISA covered 403(b) plan; TaftHartley multi-employer plan; and non-qualified deferred compensation arrangements that operate in a similar manner to a qualified retirement plan (including 457 plans and executive deferred compensation arrangements). Individual Retirement Accounts are not employer sponsored retirement plans for purposes of this definition.
Class I Shares
Class I shares are offered to clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class I shares through a no-load network or platform. Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and
employer sponsored
retirement plans
.
Class I shares also are offered to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates and certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance and certain Fund service providers. Your initial investment must be at least $250,000. Subsequent investments of any amount may be made at any time, including through automatic investment each month or quarter from your bank account. You may make automatic investments of $50 or more each month or each quarter from your bank account. You can establish bank automated investing on the account application or by providing written instructions. Please call 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time) for further information.
The minimum initial investment is waived for persons affiliated with Eaton Vance, its affiliates and certain Fund service providers (as described in the Statement of Additional Information). The minimum initial investment also is waived for
: (i)
permitted exchanges
; (ii) employer sponsored retirement plans; (iii) corporations, endowments and foundations with assets of at least $100 million; and (iv)
individual accounts of a financial intermediary that charges an ongoing fee for its services or offers Class I shares through a no-load network or platform (in each case, as described above), provided the aggregate value of such accounts invested in Class I shares is at least $250,000 (or is anticipated by the principal underwriter to reach $250,000
).
Class I shares may be purchased through a financial intermediary or by requesting your bank to transmit immediately available funds (Federal Funds) by wire. To make an initial investment by wire, you must complete an account application and telephone Eaton Vance Shareholder Services at 1-800-262-1122 to be assigned an account number. You may request an account application by calling 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time). Shareholder Services must be advised by telephone of each additional investment by wire.
Restrictions on Excessive Trading and Market Timing. The Fund is not intended for excessive trading or market timing. Market timers seek to profit by rapidly switching money into a fund when they expect the share price of the fund to rise and taking money out of the fund when they expect those prices to fall. By realizing profits through short-term trading, shareholders that engage in rapid purchases and sales (including exchanges, if permitted) of a funds shares may dilute the value of shares held by long-term shareholders. Volatility resulting from excessive purchases and sales of fund shares, especially involving large dollar amounts, may disrupt efficient portfolio management. In particular, excessive purchases and sales of a funds shares may cause
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
14
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
a fund to have difficulty implementing its investment strategies, may force the fund to sell portfolio securities at inopportune times to raise cash or may cause increased expenses (such as increased brokerage costs, realization of taxable capital gains without attaining any investment advantage or increased administrative costs).
A fund that invests all or a portion of its assets in foreign securities may be susceptible to a time zone arbitrage strategy in which shareholders attempt to take advantage of fund share prices that may not reflect developments in a foreign securities market that occur after the close of such market but prior to the pricing of fund shares. In addition, a fund that invests in securities that are, among other things, thinly traded, traded infrequently or relatively illiquid (including restricted securities and certain derivative instruments ) is susceptible to the risk that the current market price for such securities may not accurately reflect current market values. A shareholder may seek to engage in short-term trading to take advantage of these pricing differences (commonly referred to as price arbitrage). The investment adviser is authorized to use the fair value of a security if prices are unavailable or are deemed unreliable (see Valuing Shares). The use of fair value pricing and the restrictions on excessive trading and market timing described below are intended to reduce a shareholders ability to engage in price or time zone arbitrage to the detriment of the Fund.
The Boards of the
Eaton Vance
funds
have adopted policies to discourage short-term trading and market timing and to seek to minimize their potentially detrimental effects. Pursuant to these policies,
an
Eaton Vance fund shareholder who,
through one or more accounts
, completes two
round-
trips within 90 days generally will be deemed to be market timing or trading excessively in fund shares. Two round-trips within 90 days means either (1)
a purchase
of fund shares
followed
by a redemption
of fund shares followed by a purchase followed by a
redemption
or
(2) a redemption of fund shares followed
by a purchase
of fund shares followed by a redemption followed by a
purchase
, in either case with the final transaction in the sequence occurring within 90 days of the initial transaction in the sequence. Purchases and redemptions subject to the limitation include those made by exchanging to or from another fund.
Under the policies, the Fund or its
sub-transfer agent or
principal underwriter will reject or cancel a purchase order, suspend or terminate an exchange privilege or terminate the ability of an investor to invest in the Eaton Vance funds if the Fund or the principal underwriter determines that a proposed transaction involves market timing or excessive trading that it believes is likely to be detrimental to the Fund. The Fund and its principal underwriter use reasonable efforts to detect market timing and excessive trading activity, but they cannot ensure that they will be able to identify all cases of market timing and excessive trading. The Fund or its principal underwriter may also reject or cancel any purchase order (including an exchange) from an investor or group of investors for any other reason. Decisions to reject or cancel purchase orders (including exchanges) in the Fund are inherently subjective and will be made in a manner believed to be in the best interest of a Funds shareholders. No Eaton Vance fund has any arrangement to permit market timing.
The following fund share transactions (to the extent permitted by a funds prospectus) generally are exempt from the market timing and excessive trading policy described above because they generally do not raise market timing or excessive trading concerns:
transactions made pursuant to a systematic purchase plan or as the result of automatic reinvestment of dividends or distributions, or initiated by the Fund (e.g., for failure to meet applicable account minimums);
transactions made by participants in employer sponsored retirement plans involving participant payroll or employer contributions or loan repayments, redemptions as part of plan terminations or at the direction of the plan, mandatory retirement distributions, or rollovers;
transactions made by model-based discretionary advisory accounts; or
transactions made by an Eaton Vance fund that is structured as a fund-of-funds
,
provided the transactions are in response to fund inflows and outflows or are part of a reallocation of fund assets in accordance with its investment policies.
It may be difficult for the Fund or the principal underwriter to identify market timing or excessive trading in omnibus accounts traded through financial intermediaries. The Fund and the principal underwriter have provided guidance to financial intermediaries (such as banks, broker-dealers, insurance companies and retirement administrators) concerning the application of the Eaton Vance funds market timing and excessive trading policies to Fund shares held in omnibus accounts maintained and administered by such intermediaries, including guidance concerning situations where market timing or excessive trading is considered to be detrimental to the Fund. The Fund or its principal underwriter may rely on a financial intermediarys policy to restrict market timing and excessive trading if it believes that policy is likely to prevent market timing that is likely to be detrimental to the Fund. Such policy may be more or less restrictive than the Funds policy. Although the Fund or the principal underwriter reviews trading activity at the omnibus account level for activity that indicates potential market timing or excessive trading activity, the Fund and the principal underwriter typically will not request or receive individual account data unless suspicious trading activity is identified. The Fund and the principal underwriter generally rely on financial intermediaries to monitor trading activity in omnibus accounts in good faith in accordance with their own or Fund policies. The Fund and the
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
15
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
principal underwriter cannot ensure that these financial intermediaries will in all cases apply the policies of the Fund or their own policies, as the case may be, to accounts under their control.
Choosing a Share Class. The Fund offers different classes of shares. The different classes of shares represent investments in the same portfolio of securities, but the classes are subject to different expenses and will likely have different share prices due to differences in class expenses. A share class also may be subject to a sales charge. In choosing the class of shares that suits your investment needs, you should consider:
how long you expect to own your shares;
how much you intend to invest; and
the total operating expenses associated with owning each class.
Each investors considerations are different. You should speak with your financial intermediary to help you decide which class of shares is best for you. Set forth below is a brief description of each class of shares offered by the Fund.
Class A shares are offered at net asset value plus a front-end sales charge of up to 4.75%. This charge is deducted from the amount you invest. The Class A sales charge is reduced for purchases of $50,000 or more. The sales charge applicable to your purchase may be reduced under the right of accumulation or a statement of intention, which are described in Reducing or Eliminating Class A Sales Charges under Sales Charges below. Some investors may be eligible to purchase Class A shares at net asset value under certain circumstances, which are also described below. Class A shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 0.25% annually of average daily net assets.
Class I shares
are offered to clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class I shares through a no-load network or platform. Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and
employer sponsored retirement
plans
.
Class I shares are also offered to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates and certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance and certain Fund service providers.
Class I shares do not pay distribution or service fees.
Payments to Financial Intermediaries. In addition to payments disclosed under “ Sales Charges ” below, the principal underwriter, out of its own resources, may make cash payments to certain financial intermediaries who provide marketing support, transaction processing and/or administrative services and, in some cases, include some or all Eaton Vance funds in preferred or specialized selling programs. Payments made by the principal underwriter to a financial intermediary may be significant and are typically in the form of fees based on Fund sales, assets, transactions processed and/or accounts attributable to that financial intermediary. Financial intermediaries also may receive amounts from the principal underwriter in connection with educational or due diligence meetings that include information concerning Eaton Vance funds. The principal underwriter may pay or allow other promotional incentives or payments to financial intermediaries to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations.
Certain financial intermediaries that maintain fund accounts for the benefit of their customers provide sub-accounting, recordkeeping and/or administrative services to the Eaton Vance funds and are compensated for such services by the funds. As used in this Prospectus, the term financial intermediary includes any broker, dealer, bank (including bank trust departments), registered investment adviser, financial planner, a retirement plan and/or its administrator, their designated intermediaries and any other firm having a selling, administration or similar agreement with the principal underwriter or its affiliates.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
16
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Sales Charges
Class A Front-End Sales Charge. Class A shares are offered at net asset value per share plus a sales charge that is determined by the amount of your investment. The current sales charge schedule is:
Amount of Purchase |
Sales Charge
*
|
Sales Charge
*
|
Dealer Commission
|
Less than $50,000 |
4.75% |
4.99% |
4.00% |
$50,000 but less than $100,000 |
4.50% |
4.71% |
3.75% |
$100,000 but less than $250,000 |
3.75% |
3.90% |
3.00% |
$250,000 but less than $500,000 |
3.00% |
3.09% |
2.50% |
$500,000 but less than $1,000,000 |
2.00% |
2.04% |
1.75% |
$1,000,000 but less than $5,000,000 |
0.00** |
0.00** |
TIERED** |
$5,000,000 or more |
0.00** |
0.00** |
TIERED** |
*
Because the offering price per share is rounded to two decimal places, the actual sales charge you pay on a purchase of Class A shares may be more or less than your total purchase amount multiplied by the applicable sales charge percentage.
**
No sales charge is payable at the time of purchase on investments of $1 million or more. The principal underwriter will pay a commission to financial intermediaries on sales of $1 million or more as follows: 0.75% on amounts of $1 million or more but less than $5 million; plus 0.50% on amounts of $5 million or more. A CDSC of 1.00% will be imposed on such investments (as described below) in the event of redemptions within 18 months of purchase.
The principal underwriter may also pay commissions of up to 1.00% on sales of Class A shares made at net asset value to
certain
employer sponsored
retirement plans.
Reducing or Eliminating Class A Sales Charges. Front-end sales charges on purchases of Class A shares may be reduced under the right of accumulation or under a statement of intention. To receive a reduced sales charge, you must inform your financial intermediary or the Fund at the time you purchase shares that you qualify for such a reduction. If you do not let your financial intermediary or the Fund know you are eligible for a reduced sales charge at the time of purchase, you will not receive the discount to which you may otherwise be entitled.
Right of Accumulation. Under the right of accumulation, the sales charge you pay is reduced if the current market value of your holdings in the Fund or any other Eaton Vance fund (based on the current maximum public offering price) plus your new purchase total $50,000 or more. Class A shares of Eaton Vance U.S. Government Money Market Fund cannot be included under the right of accumulation. Shares owned by you, your spouse and children under age twenty-one may be combined for purposes of the right of accumulation, including shares held for the benefit of any of you in omnibus or street name accounts. In addition, shares held in a trust or fiduciary account of which any of the foregoing persons is the sole beneficiary (including employer sponsored retirement plans and Individual Retirement Accounts) may be combined for purposes of the right of accumulation. Shares purchased and/or owned in a SEP, SARSEP and SIMPLE IRA plan also may be combined for purposes of the right of accumulation for the plan and its participants. You may be required to provide documentation to establish your ownership of shares included under the right of accumulation (such as account statements for you, your spouse and children or marriage certificates, birth certificates and/or trust or other fiduciary-related documents).
Statement of Intention.
Under a statement of intention, purchases of $50,000 or more made over a 13-month period are eligible for reduced sales charges. Shares eligible under the right of accumulation (other than those included in employer
sponsored retirement plans) may be included to satisfy the amount to be purchased under a statement of intention. Under a statement of intention, the principal underwriter may hold 5% of the dollar amount to be purchased in escrow in the form of shares registered in your name until you satisfy the statement or the 13-month period expires. A statement of intention does not obligate you to purchase (or the Fund to sell) the full amount indicated in the statement.
Class A shares are offered at net asset value (without a sales charge) to
employer sponsored
retirement
plans, and to clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class A shares through a no-load network or platform, or self-directed brokerage accounts that may or may not charge transaction fees to customers. Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and
employer sponsored
retirement plans
.
Class A shares also are offered at net asset value to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates; certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance; and to certain fund service providers as described in the Statement of Additional Information. Class A shares may also be purchased at net asset value pursuant to the reinvestment privilege and exchange privilege and when distributions are reinvested. See Shareholder Account Features for details.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
17
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge.
Class A shares purchased at net asset value in amounts of $1 million or more are subject to a 1.00% contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) if redeemed within 18 months of purchase.
The CDSC is generally paid to the principal underwriter.
The CDSC is based on the lower of the net asset value at the time of purchase or the time of redemption. Shares acquired through the reinvestment of distributions are exempt from the CDSC. Redemptions are made first from shares
that
are not subject to a CDSC.
CDSC Waivers. CDSCs are waived for certain redemptions pursuant to a Withdrawal Plan (see Shareholder Account Features). The CDSC is also waived following the death of a beneficial owner of shares (a death certificate and other applicable documents may be required).
Distribution and Service Fees.
Class A shares have in effect a plan under Rule 12b-1 that allows the Fund to pay distribution fees for the sale and distribution of shares (so-called
“
12b-1 fees
”
) and service fees for personal and/or shareholder account services. Class A shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 0.25% of average daily net assets annually. After the sale of shares, the principal underwriter receives the distribution and service fees for one year and thereafter financial intermediaries generally receive
0.25% annually of average daily net assets
based on the value of shares sold by such
financial intermediaries
for shareholder servicing performed by such
intermediaries. Distribution and service fees are subject to the limitations contained in the sales charge rule of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority.
More information about sales charges is available free of charge on the Eaton Vance website at www.eatonvance.com and in the Statement of Additional Information. Please consult the Eaton Vance website for any updates to sales charge information before making a purchase of Fund shares.
You can redeem shares in any of the following ways:
By Mail |
Send your request to the transfer agent. The request must be signed exactly as your account is registered (for instance, a joint account must be signed by all registered owners to be accepted) and a Medallion signature guarantee may be required. You can obtain a Medallion signature guarantee at banks, savings and loan institutions, credit unions, securities dealers, securities exchanges, clearing agencies and registered securities associations that participate in The Securities Transfer Agents Medallion Program, Inc. (STAMP, Inc.). Only Medallion signature guarantees issued in accordance with STAMP, Inc. will be accepted. You may be asked to provide additional documents if your shares are registered in the name of a corporation, partnership or fiduciary. |
By Telephone |
Certain shareholders can redeem by calling 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time). Proceeds of a telephone redemption are generally limited to $100,000 per account (which may include shares of one or more Eaton Vance funds) and can be sent only to the account address or to a bank pursuant to prior instructions. |
By Internet |
Certain shareholders can redeem by logging on to the Eaton Vance website at www.eatonvance.com. Proceeds of internet redemptions are generally limited to $100,000 per account (which may include shares of one or more Eaton Vance funds) and can be sent only to the account address or to a bank pursuant to prior instructions. |
For Additional Information |
Please call 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time). |
Through a Financial Intermediary |
Your financial intermediary is responsible for transmitting the order promptly. A financial intermediary may charge a fee for this service. |
If you redeem shares, your redemption price will be based on the net asset value per share next computed after the redemption request is received in proper form (meaning that it is complete and contains all necessary information) by the Funds transfer agent or your financial intermediary. Your redemption proceeds normally will be paid in cash within seven days, reduced by the amount of any applicable CDSC and any federal income and state tax required to be withheld. Payments will be sent by regular mail. However, if you have given complete written authorization in advance, you may request that the redemption proceeds be
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
18
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
wired directly to your bank account. The bank designated may be any bank in the United States. The request may be made by calling 1-800-262-1122 or by sending a Medallion signature guaranteed letter of instruction to the transfer agent (see back cover for address). Certain redemption requests including those involving shares held by certain corporations, trusts or certain other entities and shares that are subject to certain fiduciary arrangements may require additional documentation and may be redeemed only by mail. You may be required to pay the costs of such transaction by the Fund or your bank. No costs are currently charged by the Fund. However, charges may apply for expedited mail delivery services. The Fund may suspend or terminate the expedited payment procedure upon at least 30 days notice.
If you recently purchased shares, the proceeds of a redemption will not be sent until the purchase check (including a certified or cashiers check) has cleared. If the purchase check has not cleared, redemption proceeds may be delayed up to 15 days from the purchase date. If your account value falls below $750 (other than due to market decline), you may be asked either to add to your account or redeem it within 60 days. If you take no action, your account will be redeemed and the proceeds sent to you.
While redemption proceeds are normally paid in cash, redemptions may be paid by distributing marketable securities. If you receive securities, you could incur brokerage or other charges in converting the securities to cash.
Shareholder Account Features
Distributions. You may have your Fund distributions paid in one of the following ways:
Full Reinvest Option |
Distributions are reinvested in additional shares. This option will be assigned if you do not specify an option. |
Partial Reinvest Option |
Dividends are paid in cash and capital gains are reinvested in additional shares. |
Cash Option |
Distributions are paid in cash. |
Exchange Option |
Distributions are reinvested in additional shares of any class of another Eaton Vance fund chosen by you, subject to the terms of that funds prospectus. Before selecting this option, you must obtain a prospectus of the other fund and consider its objectives, risks, and charges and expenses carefully. |
Information about the Fund. From time to time, you may receive the following:
Semiannual and annual reports containing a list of portfolio holdings as of the end of the second and fourth fiscal quarters, respectively, performance information and financial statements.
Periodic account statements, showing recent activity and total share balance.
Tax information needed to prepare your income tax returns.
Proxy materials, in the event a shareholder vote is required.
Special notices about significant events affecting your Fund.
Most fund information (including semiannual and annual reports, prospectuses and proxy statements) as well as your periodic account statements can be delivered electronically. For more information please go to www.eatonvance.com/edelivery.
The Eaton Vance funds have established policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of portfolio holdings and other information concerning Fund characteristics. A description of these policies and procedures is provided below and additionally in the Statement of Additional Information. Such policies and procedures regarding disclosure of portfolio holdings are designed to prevent the misuse of material, non-public information about the funds.
The Fund will file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) a list of its portfolio holdings as of the end of the first and third fiscal quarters on Form N-Q. The Funds annual and semiannual reports (as filed on Form N-CSR) and each Form N-Q may be viewed on the SECs website (www.sec.gov). The most recent fiscal quarter-end holdings may also be viewed on the Eaton Vance website (www.eatonvance.com). Portfolio holdings information that is filed with the SEC is posted on the Eaton Vance website approximately 60 days after the end of the quarter to which it relates. Portfolio holdings information as of each month end is posted to the website approximately one month after such month end. The Fund also posts information about certain portfolio characteristics (such as top ten holdings and asset allocation) at least quarterly on the Eaton Vance website approximately ten business days after the period and the Fund may also post performance attribution as of a month end or more frequently if deemed appropriate.
Withdrawal Plan. You may redeem shares on a regular periodic basis by establishing a systematic withdrawal plan. Withdrawals will not be subject to any applicable CDSC if they are, in the aggregate, less than or equal to 12% annually of the
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
19
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
greater of either the initial account balance or the current account balance. Because purchases of Class A shares are generally subject to an initial sales charge, Class A shareholders should not make withdrawals from their accounts while also making purchases.
Exchange Privilege.
You may exchange your Fund shares for shares of the same Class of another Eaton Vance fund. For purposes of exchanges among Eaton Vance funds, Class A and Class I shares are deemed to be the same as Investor Class and Institutional Class shares, respectively, of other Eaton Vance funds. Exchanges are made at net asset value. If your shares are subject to a CDSC, the CDSC will continue to apply to your new shares at the same CDSC rate. For purposes of the CDSC, your shares will continue to age from the date of your original purchase of Fund shares. Any class of shares of a fund may be exchanged for any other class of shares of that fund, provided that the shares being exchanged are no longer subject to a CDSC and the conditions for investing in the other class of shares described in the applicable prospectus are satisfied.
Before exchanging, you should read the prospectus of the new fund carefully. Exchanges are subject to the terms applicable to purchases of the new funds shares as set forth in its prospectus. If you wish to exchange shares, write to the transfer agent (see back cover for address), log on to your account at www.eatonvance.com or call 1-800-262-1122. Periodic automatic exchanges are also available. The exchange privilege may be changed or discontinued at any time. You will receive at least 60 days notice of any material change to the privilege. This privilege may not be used for market timing and may be terminated for market timing accounts or for any other reason. For additional information, see Restrictions on Excessive Trading and Market Timing under Purchasing Shares. Ordinarily exchanges between different funds are taxable transactions for federal tax purposes, while permitted exchanges of one class for shares of another class of the same fund are not. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors regarding the applicability of federal, state, local and other taxes to transactions in Fund shares.
Reinvestment Privilege. If you redeem shares, you may reinvest at net asset value all or any portion of the redemption proceeds in the same class of shares of the Fund you redeemed from, provided that the reinvestment occurs within 60 days of the redemption, and the privilege has not been used more than once in the prior 12 months. Under these circumstances your account will be credited with any CDSC paid in connection with the redemption. Any CDSC period applicable to the shares you acquire upon reinvestment will run from the date of your original share purchase. Reinvestment requests must be in writing. At the time of a reinvestment, you or your financial intermediary must notify the Fund or the transfer agent that you are reinvesting redemption proceeds in accordance with this privilege. If you reinvest, your purchase will be at the next determined net asset value following receipt of your request.
Telephone and Electronic Transactions. You can redeem or (if permitted) exchange shares by telephone as described in this Prospectus. In addition, certain transactions may be conducted through the Eaton Vance website. The transfer agent and the principal underwriter have procedures in place to authenticate telephone and electronic instructions (such as using security codes or verifying personal account information). As long as the transfer agent and principal underwriter follow reasonable procedures, they will not be responsible for unauthorized telephone or electronic transactions and you bear the risk of possible loss resulting from these transactions. You may decline the telephone redemption option on the account application. Telephone instructions are recorded.
Street Name Accounts. If your shares are held in a street name account at a financial intermediary, that intermediary (and not the Fund or its transfer agent) will perform all recordkeeping, transaction processing and distribution payments. Because the Fund does not maintain an account for you, you should contact your financial intermediary to make transactions in shares, make changes in your account, or obtain account information. You will not be able to utilize a number of shareholder features, such as telephone or internet transactions, directly with the Fund and certain features may be subject to different requirements. If you transfer shares in a street name account to an account with another financial intermediary or to an account directly with the Fund, you should obtain historical information about your shares prior to the transfer.
Procedures for Opening New Accounts. To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, federal law requires financial institutions to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each new customer who opens a Fund account and to determine whether such persons name appears on government lists of known or suspected terrorists or terrorist organizations. When you open an account, the transfer agent or your financial intermediary will ask you for your name, address, date of birth (for individuals), residential or business street address (although post office boxes are still permitted for mailing) and social security number, taxpayer identification number, or other government-issued identifying number. You also may be asked to produce a copy of your drivers license, passport or other identifying documents in order to verify your identity. In addition, it may be necessary to verify your identity by cross-referencing your identification information with a consumer report or other electronic databases. Other information or documents may be required to open accounts for corporations and other entities. Federal law prohibits the Fund and other financial institutions from opening a new account unless they receive the minimum identifying information described above. If a person fails to provide the information requested, any application by that person to open a new account will be rejected. Moreover, if the transfer agent or the financial intermediary is unable to verify the identity of a person based on information provided by that person, it may take additional steps including, but not limited to, requesting additional information or documents from the person, closing the persons account or reporting the matter to the
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
20
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
appropriate federal authorities. If your account is closed for this reason, your shares may be automatically redeemed at the net asset value next determined. If the Funds net asset value has decreased since your purchase, you will lose money as a result of this redemption. The Fund has also designated an anti-money laundering compliance officer.
Account Questions. If you have any questions about your account or the services available, please call Eaton Vance Shareholder Services at 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time), or write to the transfer agent (see back cover for address).
Additional Tax Information
The Fund declares dividends daily and ordinarily pays distributions monthly. Different Classes may distribute different dividend amounts. Your account will be credited with dividends beginning on the business day after the day when the funds used to purchase your Fund shares are collected by the transfer agent. Dividends may not be paid if Fund expenses exceed Fund income for the period. The Fund makes distributions of net realized capital gains, if any, at least annually.
A portion of any distribution of the Funds investment income may be taxed as ordinary income. Any distribution by the Fund of net realized short-term capital gains will be taxed as ordinary income. Distributions of any net long-term capital gains will be taxed as long-term capital gains. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the Portfolio owned the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her shares in the Fund. Distributions of investment income reported by the Fund as derived from qualified dividend income (as further described in the Statement of Additional Information) will be taxable to shareholders at the rates applicable to long-term capital gains provided holding period and other requirements are met at both the shareholder and the Portfolio or Fund level. Over time, distributions by the Fund can generally be expected to include ordinary income, qualified dividend income and capital gain distributions taxable as long-term capital gains. The Funds distributions will be taxable as described above whether they are paid in cash or reinvested in additional shares. A portion of the Funds income distributions may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction for corporations.
The unearned income of certain U.S. individuals, estates and trusts is subject to a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax. For individuals, the tax is on the lesser of the net investment income and the excess of modified adjusted gross income over $200,000 (or $250,000 if married filing jointly). Net investment income includes, among other things, interest, dividends, and gross income and capital gains derived from passive activities and trading in securities or commodities. Net investment income is reduced by deductions properly allocable to this income.
Investors who purchase shares at a time when the Funds net asset value reflects gains that are either unrealized or realized but not distributed will pay the full price for the shares and then may receive some portion of the purchase price back as a taxable distribution. Certain distributions paid in January may be taxable to shareholders as if received on December 31 of the prior year. A redemption of Fund shares, including an exchange for shares of another fund, is a taxable transaction.
The Portfolios investments in foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes
or other foreign taxes with respect to income (possibly including, in some cases, capital gains),
which would decrease the Funds
yield
on such securities.
These taxes may be reduced or eliminated under the terms of an applicable tax treaty.
Shareholders generally will not be entitled to claim a credit or deduction with respect to foreign taxes paid by the Portfolio. In addition, investments in foreign securities or foreign currencies may increase or accelerate the Funds recognition of ordinary income and may affect the timing or amount of the Funds distributions.
Certain foreign entities may be subject to a 30% withholding tax on dividend income paid after
June 30, 2014
and on redemption proceeds paid after December 31, 2016 under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA). To avoid withholding, foreign financial institutions subject to FATCA must agree to disclose to the relevant revenue authorities certain information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. owners and other foreign entities must certify certain information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. owners to the Fund. For more detailed information regarding FATCA withholding and compliance, please refer to the Statement of Additional Information.
A Fund may be required to withhold, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, 28% of the dividends, distributions and redemption proceeds payable to shareholders who fail to provide the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification number or make required certifications, or who have been notified by the Internal Revenue Service that they are subject to backup withholding. Certain shareholders are exempt from backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amount withheld may be credited against a shareholders U.S. federal income tax liability.
Shareholders should consult with their tax advisors concerning the applicability of U.S. federal, state, local and other taxes to an investment.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
21
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
Financial Highlights
The financial highlights are intended to help you understand the Funds financial performance for the period(s) indicated. Certain information in the table reflects the financial results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the table represent the rate an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in the Fund (assuming reinvestment of all distributions at net asset value). This information has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm. The report of Deloitte & Touche LLP and the Funds financial statements are incorporated herein by reference and included in the Funds annual report, which is available upon request.
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|||||
|
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
|||
|
Class A |
Class I |
Class A |
Class I |
Class A |
Class I |
Net asset value - Beginning of year |
$10.360 |
$10.350 |
$10.470 |
$10.460 |
$10.310 |
$10.290 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (2) |
$0.220 |
$0.248 |
$0.284 |
$0.309 |
$0.315 |
$0.341 |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
(0.341) |
(0.354) |
0.217 |
0.218 |
0.376 |
0.386 |
Total income (loss) from operations |
$(0.121) |
$(0.106) |
$0.501 |
$0.527 |
$0.691 |
$0.727 |
Less Distributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
From net investment income |
$(0.326) |
$(0.351) |
$(0.382) |
$(0.408) |
$(0.377) |
$(0.403) |
From net realized gain |
(0.113) |
(0.113) |
(0.229) |
(0.229) |
(0.154) |
(0.154) |
Total distributions |
$(0.439) |
$(0.464) |
$(0.611) |
$(0.637) |
$(0.531) |
$(0.557) |
Net asset value - End of year |
$9.800 |
$9.780 |
$10.360 |
$10.350 |
$10.470 |
$10.460 |
Total Return (3) |
(1.18)% |
(1.04)% |
4.86% |
5.12% |
6.84% |
7.22% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of year (000s omitted) |
$36,947 |
$46,336 |
$16,550 |
$20,292 |
$17,882 |
$25,753 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses (5)(6) |
0.75% (7) |
0.50% (9) |
0.75% (7) |
0.50% (9) |
0.93% (7) |
0.69% (9) |
Net investment income |
2.19% |
2.47% |
2.69% |
2.93% |
3.01% |
3.27% |
Portfolio Turnover of the Portfolio |
107% |
107% |
113% |
113% |
100% |
100% |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
22
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|||
|
2010 |
2009 |
||
|
Class A |
Class I |
Class A (1) |
Class I |
Net asset value - Beginning of period |
$10.080 |
$10.080 |
$9.910 |
$9.940 |
Income (Loss) From Operations |
|
|
|
|
Net investment income (2) |
$0.362 |
$0.391 |
$0.395 |
$0.419 |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
0.365 |
0.345 |
0.187 |
0.157 |
Total income from operations |
$0.727 |
$0.736 |
$0.582 |
$0.576 |
Less Distributions |
|
|
|
|
From net investment income |
$(0.380) |
$(0.409) |
$(0.412) |
$(0.436) |
From net realized gain |
(0.117) |
(0.117) |
|
|
Total distributions |
$(0.497) |
$(0.526) |
$(0.412) |
$(0.436) |
Net asset value - End of period |
$10.310 |
$10.290 |
$10.080 |
$10.080 |
Total Return (3) |
7.30% |
7.39% |
6.02% (4) |
5.85% |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$15,622 |
$31,337 |
$8,341 |
$9,714 |
Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets): |
|
|
|
|
Expenses (5)(6) |
0.95% (7) |
0.70% (9) |
0.95% (7)(8) |
0.70% (9) |
Net investment income |
3.48% |
3.77% |
4.01% (8) |
4.21% |
Portfolio Turnover of the Portfolio |
91% |
91% |
94% (10) |
94% |
(1)
For the period from the commencement of operations, January 5, 2009, to December 31, 2009.
(2)
Computed using average shares outstanding.
(3)
Returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value with all distributions reinvested and do not reflect the effect of sales charges , if applicable .
(4)
Not annualized.
(5)
Includes the Funds share of the Portfolios allocated expenses.
(6)
Excludes the effect of custody fee credits, if any, of less than 0.005%.
(7)
The investment adviser of the Portfolio and/or the administrator reimbursed certain operating expenses (equal to 0. 28%, 0. 33%, 0.21%, 0.31% and 1.07% of average daily net assets for the years ended December 31 , 2013 , 2012, 2011 and 2010 and the period from the commencement of operations, January 5, 2009, to December 31, 2009, respectively). Absent these reimbursements, total return would be lower.
(8)
Annualized.
(9)
The investment adviser of the Portfolio and/or the administrator reimbursed certain operating expenses (equal to 0.
28%, 0.
34%, 0.21%, 0.31
% and 1.
08
% of average daily net assets for the years ended December 31,
2013,
2012, 2011, 2010
and
2009
, respectively). Absent these reimbursements, total return would be lower.
(10)
For the Portfolios year ended December 31, 2009.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
23
Prospectus dated May 1, 2014
More Information
About the Fund: More information is available in the Statement of Additional Information. The Statement of Additional Information is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus. Additional information about the Portfolios investments is available in the annual and semiannual reports to shareholders. In the annual report, you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Funds performance during the past fiscal year. You may obtain free copies of the Statement of Additional Information and the shareholder reports on Eaton Vances website at www.eatonvance.com or by contacting the principal underwriter:
Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc.
Two International Place
Boston, MA 02110
1-800-262-1122
website: www.eatonvance.com
You will find and may copy information about the Fund (including the Statement of Additional Information and shareholder reports): at the SECs public reference room in Washington, DC (call 1-800-732-0330 for information on the operation of the public reference room); on the EDGAR Database on the SECs website (www.sec.gov); or, upon payment of copying fees, by writing to the SECs Public Reference Section, 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549-0102, or by electronic mail at publicinfo@sec.gov.
Shareholder Inquiries: You can obtain more information from Eaton Vance Shareholder Services or the Fund transfer agent, BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. If you own shares and would like to add to, redeem or change your account, please write or call below:
Regular Mailing Address:
|
|
Overnight Mailing Address:
|
|
Phone Number:
|
The Fund's Investment Company Act No. is 811-01545. |
|
2638 5.1.14 |
© 2014 Eaton Vance Management |
STATEMENT OF
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
May 1,
2014
Eaton Vance Balanced Fund
Class A Shares - EVIFX Class B Shares - EMIFX Class C Shares - ECIFX Class I Shares - EIIFX
Eaton Vance Dividend Builder Fund
Class A Shares - EVTMX Class B Shares - EMTMX Class C Shares - ECTMX Class I Shares - EIUTX
Eaton Vance Large-Cap Core Research Fund
Class A Shares - EAERX Class C Shares - ECERX Class I Shares - EIERX
Eaton Vance Large-Cap Growth Fund
Class A Shares - EALCX Class C Shares - ECLCX Class I Shares - ELCIX Class R Shares - ELCRX
Eaton Vance Large-Cap Value Fund
Class A Shares - EHSTX Class C Shares - ECSTX Class I Shares - EILVX Class R Shares - ERSTX
Eaton Vance Real Estate Fund
Class A Shares - EAREX Class I Shares - EIREX
Eaton Vance Small-Cap Fund
Class A Shares - ETEGX
Class B Shares - EBSMX
Class C Shares - ECSMX
Class I Shares - EISGX
Class R Shares - ERSGX
Eaton Vance Small-Cap Value Fund
Class A Shares - EAVSX Class B Shares - EBVSX Class C Shares - ECVSX Class I Shares - EIVSX
Eaton Vance Special Equities Fund
Class A Shares - EVSEX Class C Shares - ECSEX Class I Shares - EISEX
Two International Place
Boston, Massachusetts 02110
1-800-262-1122
This Statement of Additional Information (
“
SAI
”
) provides general information about the Funds and their underlying Portfolios, if applicable. The Funds (except Eaton Vance Real Estate Fund) and Portfolios are diversified, open-end management investment companies. Eaton Vance Real Estate Fund is a non-diversified open-end management investment company. Each Fund, except Eaton Vance Large-Cap Core Research Fund, is a series of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust
.
Eaton Vance Large-Cap Core Research Fund is a series of Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust. Capitalized terms used in this SAI and not otherwise defined have the meanings given to them in the Prospectus.
This SAI contains additional information about:
|
Page |
|
|
Page |
Strategies and Risks |
2 |
|
Sales Charges |
25 |
Investment Restrictions |
5 |
|
Performance |
28 |
Management and Organization |
7 |
|
Taxes |
29 |
Investment Advisory and Administrative Services |
17 |
|
Portfolio Securities Transactions |
37 |
Other Service Providers |
22 |
|
Financial Statements |
40 |
Calculation of Net Asset Value |
23 |
|
Additional Information About Investment Strategies |
40 |
Purchasing and Redeeming Shares |
24 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appendix A: Class A Fees, Performance and Ownership |
71 |
|
Appendix E: Class R Fees, Performance and Ownership |
86 |
Appendix B: Class B Fees, Performance and Ownership |
76 |
|
Appendix F: Eaton Vance Funds Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures |
88 |
Appendix C: Class C Fees, Performance and Ownership |
79 |
|
Appendix G: Adviser Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures |
90 |
Appendix D: Class I Performance and Ownership |
83 |
|
|
|
Although each Fund offers only its shares of beneficial interest, it is possible that a Fund (or Class) might become liable for a misstatement or omission in this SAI regarding another Fund (or Class) because the Funds use this combined SAI.
This SAI is NOT a prospectus and is authorized for distribution to prospective investors only if preceded or accompanied by the Fund Prospectus dated May 1,
2014
, as supplemented from time to time, which is incorporated herein by reference. This SAI should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus, which may be obtained by calling 1-800-262-1122.
©
2014
Eaton Vance Management
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
2
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Definitions
The following terms that may be used in this SAI have the meaning set forth below:
“ 1940 Act ” means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended;
“ 1933 Act ” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended;
Board means Board of Trustees or Board of Directors, as applicable;
CEA means Commodity Exchange Act;
CFTC means the
Commodity
Futures Trading Commission;
Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended;
Eaton Vance family of funds means all registered investment companies advised, administered and/or distributed by Eaton Vance or its affiliates;
Eaton Vance funds means the mutual funds sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization;
Exchange means the New York Stock Exchange;
FINRA means the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority;
Fund means the Fund or Funds listed on the cover of this SAI unless stated otherwise;
investment adviser means the investment adviser identified in the prospectus and, with respect to the implementation of the Funds investment strategies (including as described under Taxes) and portfolio securities transactions, any sub-adviser identified in the prospectus;
IRS means the Internal Revenue Service;
Portfolio means a registered investment company (other than the Fund) sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization in which one or more Funds and other investors may invest substantially all or any portion of their assets;
Subsidiary means a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Fund or the Portfolio as described in the prospectus, if applicable;
SEC means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission; and
Trust means Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (Special Investment Trust or SIT) and Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust (Mutual Funds Trust or MFT), of which a Fund is a series.
STRATEGIES AND RISKS
The Fund prospectus identifies the types of investments in which the Fund will principally invest in seeking its investment objective(s) and the principal risks associated therewith. The categories checked in the table below are all of the investments the Fund is permitted to make, including its principal investments and the investment practices the Fund (either directly or through one or more Portfolios as may be described in the prospectus) is permitted to engage in. To the extent that an investment type or practice listed below is not identified in the Fund prospectus as a principal investment, the Fund generally expects to invest less than 5% of its total assets in such investment type. If a particular investment type that is checked and listed below but not referred to in the prospectus becomes a more significant part of the Funds strategy, the prospectus may be amended to disclose that investment. If applicable, Fund as used herein and under Additional Information About Investment Strategies refers to each Fund and Portfolio listed in the table below. Information about the various investment types and practices and the associated risks checked below is included in alphabetical order in this SAI under Additional Information about Investment Strategies.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
3
SAI dated May 1, 2014
As used in the table below and throughout this SAI:
DBP refers to Dividend Builder Portfolio, the master fund of Eaton Vance Dividend Builder Fund;
IGIP refers to Investment Grade Income Portfolio, which is an investment option for Eaton Vance Balanced Fund;
LCCRP refers to Large-Cap Core Research Portfolio, which is an investment option for Eaton Vance Balanced Fund and the master fund of Eaton Vance Large-Cap Core Research Fund;
LCGP refers to Large-Cap Growth Portfolio, the master fund of Eaton Vance Large-Cap Growth Fund;
LCVP refers to Large-Cap Value Portfolio, the master fund of Eaton Vance Large-Cap Value Fund;
REF refers to Eaton Vance Real Estate Fund;
SCF refers to Eaton Vance Small-Cap Fund;
SCVF refers to Eaton Vance Small-Cap Value Fund; and
SEF refers to Eaton Vance Special Equities Fund.
Investment Type |
Permitted for or Relevant to: |
||||||||
|
DBP |
IGIP |
LCCRP |
LCGP |
LCVP |
REF |
SCF |
SCVF |
SEF |
Asset-Backed Securities (ABS) |
|
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Auction Rate Securities |
|
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Build America Bonds |
|
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Call and Put Features on Obligations |
|
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash Equivalents |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Collateralized Mortgage Obligations ( “ CMOs ” ) |
|
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities ( “ CMBS ” ) |
|
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commodity-Related Investments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common Stocks |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Convertible Securities |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Credit Linked Securities |
|
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Derivative Instruments and Related Risks |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Direct Investments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Emerging Market Investments |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
|
√ |
√ |
√ |
Equity Investments |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Equity Linked Securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exchange-Traded Funds ( “ ETFs ” ) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Exchange-Traded Notes ( “ ETNs ” ) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed-Income Securities |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ (1) |
√ |
|
√ (1) |
√ (1) |
√ (1) |
Foreign Currency Transactions |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Foreign Investments |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Investment Type |
Permitted for or Relevant to: |
||||||||
|
DBP |
IGIP |
LCCRP |
LCGP |
LCVP |
REF |
SCF |
SCVF |
SEF |
Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Forward Rate Agreements |
|
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Futures Contracts |
√ |
√ (2) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
High Yield Securities |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
|
√ |
√ |
√ |
Hybrid Instruments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Illiquid Securities |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Indexed Securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inflation-Indexed (or Inflation-Linked) Bonds |
|
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Junior Loans |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liquidity or Protective Put Agreements |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loans |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Master Limited Partnerships ( “ MLPs ” ) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Mortgage-Backed Securities ( “ MBS ” ) |
|
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mortgage Dollar Rolls |
|
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Municipal Lease Obligations ( “ MLOs ” ) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Municipal Obligations |
|
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Option Contracts |
√ |
√ (3) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Preferred Securities |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Real Estate Investment Trusts ( “ REITs ” ) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Repurchase Agreements |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Residual Interest Bonds |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reverse Repurchase Agreements |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rights and Warrants |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Royalty Bonds |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Securities with Equity and Debt Characteristics |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Senior Loans |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Short Sales |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities ( “ SMBS ” ) |
|
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Structured Notes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Swap Agreements |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Swaptions |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Trust Certificates |
|
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Government Securities |
|
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment Type |
Permitted for or Relevant to: |
||||||||
|
DBP |
IGIP |
LCCRP |
LCGP |
LCVP |
REF |
SCF |
SCVF |
SEF |
Unlisted Securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
√ |
√ |
√ |
Variable Rate Obligations |
|
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Zero Coupon Bonds |
|
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other Disclosures Regarding Investment Practices |
Permitted for or Relevant to: |
||||||||
|
DBP |
IGIP |
LCCRP |
LCGP |
LCVP |
REF |
SCF |
SCVF |
SEF |
Asset Coverage |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Average Effective Maturity |
|
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Borrowing for Investment Purposes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Borrowing for Temporary Purposes |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Diversified Status |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
|
√ |
√ |
√ |
Dividend Capture Trading |
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Duration |
|
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Events Regarding FNMA and FHLMC |
|
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fund Investing in a Portfolio |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
|
|
|
|
Investments in the Subsidiary |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loan Facility |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Option Strategy |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Participation in the ReFlow Liquidity Program |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Portfolio Turnover |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Securities Lending |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
|
|
|
Short-Term Trading |
|
√ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Significant Exposure to Global Natural Resources Companies |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Significant Exposure to Health Sciences Companies |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Significant Exposure to Smaller Companies |
|
|
√ |
|
|
√ |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Significant Exposure to Utility and Financial Service Companies |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tax-Managed Investing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
LCGP, SCF, SCVF and SEF each cannot invest more than 5% of net assets in securities rated below investment grade.
(2)
Foreign exchange traded futures contracts and options thereon may be used only if the investment adviser determines that the trading on such foreign exchange does not entail risks, including credit and liquidity risks, that are materially greater than the risks associated with trading on CFTC-regulated exchanges.
(3)
A put option on a security may be written only if the investment adviser intends to acquire the security. Credit exposure on equity swaps to any one counterparty will be limited 5% or less of net assets. Call options written on securities will be covered by ownership of the securities subject to the call option or an offsetting option.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
6
SAI dated May 1, 2014
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
The following investment restrictions of each Fund are designated as fundamental policies and as such cannot be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of a Funds outstanding voting securities, which as used in this SAI means the lesser of: (a) 67% of the shares of a Fund present or represented by proxy at a meeting if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares are present or represented at the meeting; or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of a Fund. Accordingly, each Fund may not:
(1)
Borrow money or issue senior securities, except as permitted by the 1940 Act.
In addition, all Funds, except Real Estate Fund, may not:
(2)
With respect to 75% of its total assets, invest more than 5% of its total assets taken at market value in the securities of any one issuer, or in more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer, except obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities and except securities of other investment companies.
In addition, all Funds, except Large-Cap Core Research Fund and Real Estate Fund, may not:
(3)
Make loans to any person except by (a) the acquisition of debt securities and making portfolio investments, (b) entering into repurchase agreements or (c) lending portfolio securities.
In addition, Balanced Fund, Dividend Builder Fund, Large-Cap Core Research Fund, Large-Cap Value Fund, Small-Cap Fund and Special Equities Fund may not:
(4)
Purchase securities on margin (but the Fund may obtain such short-term credits as may be necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of securities).
In addition, Balanced Fund, Dividend Builder Fund, Large-Cap Value Fund, Small-Cap Fund and Special Equities Fund may not:
(5)
Invest in real estate (although it may purchase and sell securities which are secured by real estate and securities of companies which invest or deal in real estate); or
(6)
Invest in commodities (in the case of Small-Cap Fund) or physical commodities (in the case of Balanced Fund, Dividend Builder Fund, Large-Cap Value Fund and Special Equities Fund) or commodity contracts for the purchase and sale of physical commodities.
In addition, Balanced Fund may not:
(7)
Invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets at the time of acquisition in any one industry with public utility companies (being electric utility companies, natural gas producing companies, transmission companies, telephone companies, and water works companies) being considered separate industries.
In addition, Large-Cap Value Fund, Small-Cap Fund and Special Equities Fund may not:
(8)
Underwrite securities of other issuers.
In addition, Dividend Builder Fund, Large-Cap Value Fund and Special Equities Fund may not:
(9)
Concentrate 25% or more of its assets in any one industry (provided that there is no limitation with respect to obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities).
In addition, Dividend Builder Fund may not:
(10)
Underwrite or participate in the marketing of securities of others, except insofar as it may technically be deemed to be an underwriter in selling a portfolio security under circumstances which may require the registration of the same under the 1933 Act.
In addition, Small-Cap Fund may not:
(11)
Invest 25% or more of its assets in any particular industry, but, if deemed appropriate for the Funds objective, up to (but less than) 25% of the value of its assets may be invested in securities of companies in any one industry
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
7
SAI dated May 1, 2014
(although more than 25% may be invested in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or its agencies or instrumentalities).
In addition, Large-Cap Growth Fund and Small-Cap Value Fund may not:
(12)
Purchase any securities or evidences of interest therein on margin, that is to say in a transaction in which it has borrowed all or a portion of the purchase price and pledged the purchased securities or evidences of interest therein as collateral for the amount so borrowed.
In addition, Large-Cap Core Research Fund, Large-Cap Growth Fund, Real Estate Fund and Small-Cap Value Fund may not:
(13)
Engage in the underwriting of securities; or
(14)
Buy or sell real estate (although it may purchase and sell securities which are secured by real estate and securities of companies which invest or deal in real estate), commodities or commodity contracts for the purchase or sale of physical commodities.
In addition, Large-Cap Core Research Fund, Large-Cap Growth Fund and Small-Cap Value Fund may not:
(15)
Concentrate its investments in any particular industry, but, if deemed appropriate for the Funds objective, up to (but less than) 25% of the value of its assets may be invested in any one industry.
In addition, Large-Cap Core Research Fund and Real Estate Fund may not:
(16)
Make loans to other persons, except by (a) the acquisition of debt securities and making portfolio investments, (b) entering into repurchase agreements, (c) lending portfolio securities and (d) lending cash consistent with applicable law.
In addition, Real Estate Fund may not:
(17)
Purchase securities on margin (but the Fund may obtain such short-term credits as may be necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of securities). The deposit or payment by the Fund of initial, maintenance or variation margin in connection with all types of options and futures contract transactions is not considered the purchase of a security on margin.
Real Estate Fund also may not concentrate its investments in the securities of any one industry, except the real estate industry and except securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities, if as a result 25% or more of the Funds total assets would be invested in securities of such industry. This investment policy may not be changed without shareholder approval.
In addition, Balanced Fund and its corresponding Portfolios may not underwrite securities of other issuers.
For purposes of determining industry classifications, the investment adviser considers an issuer to be in a particular industry if a third party has designated the issuer to be in that industry, unless the investment adviser is aware of circumstances that make the third partys classification inappropriate. In such a case, the investment adviser will assign an industry classification to the issuer.
Each Funds borrowing policy is consistent with Section 18(f) of the 1940 Act, which states that it shall be unlawful for any registered open-end company to issue any class of senior security or to sell any senior security of which it is the issuer, except that any such registered company shall be permitted to borrow from any bank; provided, that immediately after any such borrowing there is an asset coverage of at least 300% for all borrowings of such registered company; and provided further, that in the event that such asset coverage shall at any time fall below 300% such registered company shall, within three days thereafter (not including Sundays and holidays) or such longer period as the SEC may prescribe by rules and regulations, reduce the amount of its borrowings to an extent that the asset coverage of such borrowings shall be at least 300%.
Notwithstanding its investment policies and restrictions, each Fund may in compliance with the requirements of the 1940 Act invest (i) all of its investable assets in an open-end management investment company with substantially the same investment objective(s), policies and restrictions as the Fund; or (ii) in more than one open-end management investment company sponsored by Eaton Vance or its affiliates, provided any such company has the same investment objective(s), policies and restrictions as those of the Fund.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
8
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Each Portfolio has adopted substantially the same fundamental investment restrictions as the foregoing investment restrictions adopted by each Fund; such restrictions cannot be changed without the approval of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of a Portfolio.
In addition, to the extent a registered open-end investment company acquires securities of a Portfolio in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(G) under the 1940 Act, such Portfolio shall not acquire any securities of a registered open-end investment company in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(G) under the 1940 Act.
In addition, each Portfolio, with the exception of Large-Cap Core Research Portfolio, may not:
(1)
Make loans to other persons, except by (a) the acquisition of debt securities and making portfolio investments, (b) entering into repurchase agreements or (c) lending portfolio securities.
The following nonfundamental investment policies have been adopted by each Fund and Portfolio. A nonfundamental investment policy may be changed by the Board with respect to a Fund without approval by the Funds shareholders or, with respect to the Portfolio, without approval of the Fund or its other investors. Each Fund and Portfolio will not:
make short sales of securities or maintain a short position, unless at all times when a short position is open (i) it owns an equal amount of such securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable, without payment of any further consideration, for securities of the same issue as, and equal in amount to, the securities sold short or (ii) it holds in a segregated account cash or other liquid securities (to the extent required under the 1940 Act) in an amount equal to the current market value of the securities sold short, and unless not more than 25% of its net assets (taken at current value) is held as collateral for such sales at any one time; or
invest more than 15% of net assets in investments which are not readily marketable, including restricted securities and repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days. Restricted securities for the purposes of this limitation do not include securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A under the 1933 Act and commercial paper issued pursuant to Section 4(2) of said Act that the members of the Board, or their delegate, determines to be liquid. Any such determination by a delegate will be made pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board. When investing in Rule 144A securities, the level of portfolio illiquidity may be increased to the extent that eligible buyers become uninterested in purchasing such securities.
Whenever an investment policy or investment restriction set forth in the Prospectus or this SAI states a maximum percentage of assets that may be invested in any security or other asset, or describes a policy regarding quality standards, such percentage limitation or standard shall be determined immediately after and as a result of the acquisition by a Fund or Portfolio of such security or asset. Accordingly, unless otherwise noted, any later increase or decrease resulting from a change in values, assets or other circumstances or any subsequent rating change made by a rating service (or as determined by the investment adviser if the security is not rated by a rating agency), will not compel a Fund or Portfolio to dispose of such security or other asset. However, a Fund and Portfolio must always be in compliance with the borrowing policy and limitation on investing in illiquid securities set forth above. If a sale of securities is required to comply with the 15% limit on illiquid securities, such sales will be made in an orderly manner with consideration of the best interests of shareholders.
MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION
Fund Management. The Trustees of the Trust are responsible for the overall management and supervision of the affairs of the Trust. The Trustees of each Portfolio are responsible for the overall management and supervision of each Portfolio. The Board members and officers of the Trust and each Portfolio are listed below. Except as indicated, each individual has held the office shown or other offices in the same company for the last five years. Board members and officers of the Trust and each Portfolio hold indefinite terms of office. The noninterested Trustees consist of those Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust and each Portfolio, as that term is defined under the 1940 Act. The business address of each Board member and officer is Two International Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02110. As used in this SAI, EVC refers to Eaton Vance Corp., EV refers to Eaton Vance, Inc., Eaton Vance refers to Eaton Vance Management and EVD refers to Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. (see Principal Underwriter under Other Service Providers). EVC and EV are the corporate parent and trustee, respectively, of Eaton Vance and BMR. Each officer affiliated with Eaton Vance may hold a position with other Eaton Vance affiliates that is comparable to his or her position with Eaton Vance listed below.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
9
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Name and Year of Birth |
|
Trust/Portfolio
|
|
Term of Office and
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years
|
|
Number of Portfolios
|
|
Other Directorships Held
|
Interested Trustee |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
THOMAS E. FAUST JR.
|
|
Trustee |
|
Of each Trust and Portfolio except LCCRP since 2007 and of LCCRP since 2009 |
|
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of EVC, Director and President of EV, Chief Executive Officer and President of Eaton Vance and BMR, and Director of EVD. Trustee and/or officer of 182 registered investment companies. Mr. Faust is an interested person because of his positions with BMR, Eaton Vance, EVC, EVD and EV, which are affiliates of the Trust and Portfolios. |
|
182 |
|
Director of EVC and Hexavest Inc. |
Noninterested Trustees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SCOTT E. ESTON
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2011 |
|
Private investor. Formerly held various positions at Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo and Co., L.L.C. (investment management firm) (1997-2009), including Chief Operating Officer (2002-2009), Chief Financial Officer (1997-2009) and Chairman of the Executive Committee (2002-2008); President and Principal Executive Officer, GMO Trust (open-end registered investment company) (2006-2009). Former Partner, Coopers and Lybrand L.L.P. (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) (public accounting firm) (1987-1997). |
|
182 |
|
None |
|
|
Trustee |
|
Of each Trust and Portfolio except LCCRP since 2007 and of LCCRP since 2009 |
|
Private investor. Former Chairman (2002-2004) and a Director (1983-2004) of Systems & Computer Technology Corp. (provider of software to higher education). Formerly, a Director of Loring Ward International (fund distributor) (2005-2007). Former Chairman and a Director of Indus International, Inc. (provider of enterprise management software to the power generating industry) (2005-2007). Former Chief Executive Officer of Assurant, Inc. (insurance provider) (1979-2000). |
|
182 |
|
Director of Stonemor Partners L.P. (owner and operator of cemeteries). Formerly, Director of Assurant, Inc. (insurance provider) (1979-2011). |
VALERIE A. MOSLEY
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2014 |
|
Chairwoman and Chief Executive Officer of Valmo Ventures (a consulting and investment firm). Former Partner and Senior Vice President, Portfolio Manager and Investment Strategist at Wellington Management Company, LLP (investment management firm) (1992-2012). Former Chief Investment Officer, PG Corbin Asset Management (1990-1992). Formerly worked in institutional corporate bond sales at Kidder Peabody (1986-1990). |
|
182 |
|
Director of Dynex Capital, Inc. (mortgage REIT) (since 2013). |
WILLIAM H. PARK
|
|
Trustee |
|
Of each Trust and Portfolio except LCCRP since 2003 and of LCCRP since 2009 |
|
Consultant and private investor. Formerly, Chief Financial Officer, Aveon Group, L.P. (investment management firm) (2010-2011). Formerly, Vice Chairman, Commercial Industrial Finance Corp. (specialty finance company) (2006-2010). Formerly, President and Chief Executive Officer, Prizm Capital Management, LLC (investment management firm) (2002-2005). Formerly, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, United Asset Management Corporation (investment management firm) (1982-2001). Formerly, Senior Manager, Price Waterhouse (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) (an independent registered public accounting firm) (1972-1981). |
|
182 |
|
None
|
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
10
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Name and Year of Birth |
|
Trust/Portfolio
|
|
Term of Office and
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years
|
|
Number of Portfolios
|
|
Other Directorships Held
|
RONALD A. PEARLMAN
|
|
Trustee |
|
Of each Trust and Portfolio except LCCRP since 2003 and of LCCRP since 2009 |
|
Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center. Formerly, Deputy Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy) and Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy), U.S. Department of the Treasury (1983-1985). Formerly, Chief of Staff, Joint Committee on Taxation, U.S. Congress (1988-1990). |
|
182 |
|
None |
HELEN FRAME PETERS
|
|
Trustee |
|
Of each Trust and Portfolio except LCCRP since 2008 and of LCCRP since 2009 |
|
Professor of Finance, Carroll School of Management, Boston College. Formerly, Dean, Carroll School of Management, Boston College (2000-2002). Formerly, Chief Investment Officer, Fixed Income, Scudder Kemper Investments (investment management firm) (1998-1999). Formerly, Chief Investment Officer, Equity and Fixed Income, Colonial Management Associates (investment management firm) (1991-1998). |
|
182 |
|
Formerly, Director of BJs Wholesale Club, Inc. (wholesale club retailer) (2004-2011). Formerly, Trustee of SPDR Index Shares Funds and SPDR Series Trust (exchange traded funds) (2000-2009). Formerly, Director of Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (a bank for banks) (2007-2009). |
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2011 |
|
Managing Director, Taggart Associates (a professional practice firm). Formerly, Partner and Senior Vice President, Wellington Management Company, LLP (investment management firm) (1983-2006). |
|
182 |
|
Director of Albemarle Corporation (chemicals manufacturer) (since 2007) and The Hanover Group (specialty property and casualty insurance company) (since 2009). Formerly, Director of Lubrizol Corporation (specialty chemicals) (2007-2011). |
RALPH F. VERNI
|
|
Chairman of the Board and Trustee |
|
Chairman of the Board since 2007, Trustee of each Trust and Portfolio except LCCRP since 2005 and of LCCRP since 2009 |
|
Consultant and private investor. Formerly, Chief Investment Officer (1982-1992), Chief Financial Officer (1988-1990) and Director (1982-1992), New England Life. Formerly, Chairperson, New England Mutual Funds (1982-1992). Formerly, President and Chief Executive Officer, State Street Management & Research (1992-2000). Formerly, Chairperson, State Street Research Mutual Funds (1992-2000). Formerly, Director, W.P. Carey, LLC (1998-2004) and First Pioneer Farm Credit Corp. (2002-2006). |
|
182 |
|
None |
(1)
Includes both master and feeder funds in a master-feeder structure.
(2)
During their respective tenures, the Trustees (except for
Ms.
Mosley
) also served as Board members of one or more of the following funds (which operated in the years noted):
eUnits
TM
2 Year U.S. Equity Market Participation Trust: Upside to Cap / Buffered Downside (launched in 2012 and terminated in 2014);
Eaton Vance Credit Opportunities Fund (launched in 2005 and terminated in 2010); Eaton Vance Insured Florida Plus Municipal Bond Fund (launched in 2002 and terminated in 2009); and Eaton Vance National Municipal Income Trust (launched in 1998 and terminated in 2009).
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
11
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Principal Officers who are not Trustees |
||||||
Name and Year of Birth |
|
Trust/Portfolio Position(s) |
|
Term of Office and
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years |
PAYSON F. SWAFFIELD
|
|
President of each Trust |
|
Since 2013* |
|
Vice President and Chief Income Investment Officer of Eaton Vance and BMR. Officer of 138 registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance or BMR. |
CHARLES B. GAFFNEY
|
|
President of DBP and LCCRP |
|
Of DBP since 2013 and of LCCRP since 2011 |
|
Director of Equity Research and a Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR. Officer of 2 registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance or BMR. |
|
|
President of LCVP |
|
Since 2011 |
|
Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR. Officer of 2 registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance or BMR. |
LEWIS R. PIANTEDOSI
|
|
President of LCGP |
|
Since 2011 |
|
Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR. Officer of 3 registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance or BMR. |
|
|
Vice President, Secretary and Chief Legal Officer |
|
Vice President since 2011, Secretary and Chief Legal Officer of each Trust and Portfolio except LCCRP since 2007 and 2008, respectively, and of LCCRP since 2009 |
|
Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR. Officer of 182 registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance or BMR. |
JAMES F. KIRCHNER
|
|
Treasurer |
|
Since 2013
|
|
Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR. Officer of 182 registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance or BMR. |
PAUL M. ONEIL
|
|
Chief Compliance Officer |
|
Of each Trust and Portfolio except LCCRP since 2004 and of LCCRP since 2009 |
|
Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR. Officer of 182 registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance or BMR. |
*
Prior to 2013, Mr.
Swaffield
served as
Vice President
of
each
Trust
since
2011
.
The Board has general oversight responsibility with respect to the business and affairs of the Trust and each Fund. The Board has engaged an investment adviser and (if applicable) a sub-adviser (collectively the adviser) to manage each Fund and an administrator to administer each Fund and is responsible for overseeing such adviser and administrator and other service providers to the Trust and the Fund. The Board is currently composed of
nine
Trustees, including
eight
Trustees who are not interested persons of a Fund, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act (each a noninterested Trustee). In addition to eight regularly scheduled meetings per year, the Board holds special meetings or informal conference calls to discuss specific matters that may require action prior to the next regular meeting. As discussed below, the Board has established five committees to assist the Board in performing its oversight responsibilities.
The Board has appointed a noninterested Trustee to serve in the role of Chairman. The Chairmans primary role is to participate in the preparation of the agenda for meetings of the Board and the identification of information to be presented to the Board with respect to matters to be acted upon by the Board. The Chairman also presides at all meetings of the Board and acts as a liaison with service providers, officers, attorneys, and other Board members generally between meetings. The Chairman may perform such other functions as may be requested by the Board from time to time. Except for any duties specified herein or pursuant to the Trusts Declaration of Trust or By-laws, the designation of Chairman does not impose on such noninterested Trustee any duties, obligations or liability that is greater than the duties, obligations or liability imposed on such person as a member of the Board, generally. Each Portfolio has the same leadership structure as the Trust.
Each Fund and the Trust are subject to a number of risks, including, among others, investment, compliance, operational, and valuation risks. Risk oversight is part of the Boards general oversight of each Fund and the Trust and is addressed as part of various activities of the Board and its Committees. As part of its oversight of each Fund and the Trust, the Board directly, or through a Committee, relies on and reviews reports from, among others, Fund management, the adviser, the administrator, the principal underwriter, the Chief Compliance Officer (the CCO), and other Fund service providers responsible for day-to-day oversight of Fund investments, operations and compliance to assist the Board in identifying and understanding the
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
12
SAI dated May 1, 2014
nature and extent of risks and determining whether, and to what extent, such risks can or should be mitigated. The Board also interacts with the CCO and with senior personnel of the adviser, administrator, principal underwriter and other Fund service providers and provides input on risk management issues during meetings of the Board and its Committees. Each of the adviser, administrator, principal underwriter and the other Fund service providers has its own, independent interest and responsibilities in risk management, and its policies and methods for carrying out risk management functions will depend, in part, on its individual priorities, resources and controls. It is not possible to identify all of the risks that may affect a Fund or to develop processes and controls to eliminate or mitigate their occurrence or effects. Moreover, it is necessary to bear certain risks (such as investment-related risks) to achieve each Funds goals.
The Board, with the assistance of management and with input from the Board's various committees, reviews investment policies and risks in connection with its review of Fund performance. The Board has appointed a Fund Chief Compliance Officer who oversees the implementation and testing of the Fund compliance program and reports to the Board regarding compliance matters for the Funds and their principal service providers. In addition, as part of the Boards periodic review of the advisory, subadvisory (if applicable), distribution and other service provider agreements, the Board may consider risk management aspects of their operations and the functions for which they are responsible. With respect to valuation, the Board approves and periodically reviews valuation policies and procedures applicable to valuing each Funds shares. The administrator, the investment adviser and the sub-adviser (if applicable) are responsible for the implementation and day-to-day administration of these valuation policies and procedures and provides reports
to the
Audit Committee of the Board and the
Board regarding these and related matters. In addition, the
Audit Committee of the
Board or
the Board receives reports periodically from the independent public accounting firm for the Funds regarding tests performed by such firm on the valuation of all securities, as well as with respect to other risks associated with mutual funds. Reports received from service providers, legal counsel and the independent public accounting firm assist the Board in performing its oversight function. Each Portfolio has the same risk oversight approach as the Funds and the Trust.
The Trusts Declaration of Trust does not set forth any specific qualifications to serve as a Trustee. The Charter of the Governance Committee also does not set forth any specific qualifications, but does set forth certain factors that the Committee may take into account in considering noninterested Trustee candidates. In general, no one factor is decisive in the selection of an individual to join the Board. Among the factors the Board considers when concluding that an individual should serve on the Board are the following: (i) knowledge in matters relating to the mutual fund industry; (ii) experience as a director or senior officer of public companies; (iii) educational background; (iv) reputation for high ethical standards and professional integrity; (v) specific financial, technical or other expertise, and the extent to which such expertise would complement the Board members existing mix of skills, core competencies and qualifications; (vi) perceived ability to contribute to the ongoing functions of the Board, including the ability and commitment to attend meetings regularly and work collaboratively with other members of the Board; (vii) the ability to qualify as a noninterested Trustee for purposes of the 1940 Act and any other actual or potential conflicts of interest involving the individual and the Fund; and (viii) such other factors as the Board determines to be relevant in light of the existing composition of the Board.
Among the attributes or skills common to all Board members are their ability to review critically, evaluate, question and discuss information provided to them, to interact effectively with the other members of the Board, management, sub-advisers, other service providers, counsel and independent registered public accounting firms, and to exercise effective and independent business judgment in the performance of their duties as members of the Board. Each Board members ability to perform his or her duties effectively has been attained through the Board members business, consulting, public service and/or academic positions and through experience from service as a member of the Boards of the Eaton Vance family of funds (Eaton Vance Fund Boards) (and/or in other capacities, including for any predecessor funds), public companies, or non-profit entities or other organizations as set forth below. Each Board members ability to perform his or her duties effectively also has been enhanced by his or her educational background, professional training, and/or other life experiences.
In respect of each current member of the Board, the individuals substantial professional accomplishments and experience, including in fields related to the operations of registered investment companies, were a significant factor in the determination that the individual should serve as a member of the Board. The following is a summary of each Board members particular professional experience and additional considerations that contributed to the Boards conclusion that he or she should serve as a member of the Board:
Scott E. Eston.
Mr. Eston has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2011. He currently serves on the
board and on the
investment
committee
of
Michigan State University Foundation, and on the
investment
advisory committee of Michigan State University
. From 1997 through 2009, Mr. Eston served in several capacities at Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo and Co. (GMO), including as
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
13
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Chairman of the Executive Committee and Chief Operating and Chief Financial Officer, and also as the President and Principal Executive officer of GMO Trust, an affiliated open-end registered investment company. From 1978 through 1997, Mr. Eston was employed at Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P. (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) (since 1987 as a Partner).
Thomas E. Faust Jr.
Mr. Faust has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2007. He is currently Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of EVC, Director and President of EV, Chief Executive Officer and President of Eaton Vance and BMR, and Director of EVD. Mr. Faust has served as a Director of Hexavest Inc. since 2012. Mr. Faust previously served as an equity analyst, portfolio manager, Director of Equity Research and Management and Chief Investment Officer of Eaton Vance (1985-2007). He holds B.S. degrees in Mechanical Engineering and Economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and an MBA from Harvard Business School. Mr. Faust has been a Chartered Financial Analyst since 1988.
Allen R. Freedman. Mr. Freedman has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2007 and is the Chairperson of the Governance Committee. Mr. Freedman also serves as a Director of Stonemor Partners L.P. where he also serves as the Chair of the Audit Committee and a member of the Trust and Compliance Committee. Mr. Freedman was previously a Director of Assurant, Inc. from 1979-2011, a Director of Systems & Computer Technology Corp. from 1983-2004 and Chairman from 2002-2004, a Director of Loring Ward International from 2005-2007 and Chairman and a Director of Indus International, Inc. from 2005-2007. Mr. Freedman was formerly the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Fortis, Inc. (predecessor to Assurant, Inc.), a specialty insurance company from which he retired in 2000. Mr. Freedman also served as a Director of the Fortis Mutual Funds and First Fortis Life Insurance Company. Mr. Freedman is a founding director of the Association of Audit Committee Members, Inc.
Valerie A. Mosley. Ms. Mosley has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since January 1, 2014. She currently owns and manages a consulting and investment firm, Valmo Ventures. From 1992 through 2012, Ms. Mosley served in several capacities at Wellington Management Company, LLP, an investment management firm, including as a Partner, Senior Vice President, Portfolio Manager and Investment Strategist. Ms. Mosley also served as Chief Investment Officer at PG Corbin Asset Management from 1990-1992 and worked in institutional corporate bond sales at Kidder Peabody from 1986-1990. Ms. Mosley is a Director of Dynex Capital, Inc., a mortgage REIT, and also serves as a trustee or board member of several major non-profit organizations and endowments, including Wheelock Colleges endowment, Mass Ventures, a quasi-public early-stage investment corporation active in Massachusetts, and the Federal Reserve Bank of Bostons Advisory Board for Diversity.
William H. Park. Mr. Park has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2003 and is the Chairperson of the Audit Committee. Mr. Park was formerly the Chief Financial Officer of Aveon Group, L.P. from 2010-2011. Mr. Park also served as Vice Chairman of Commercial Industrial Finance Corp. from 2006-2010, as President and Chief Executive Officer of Prizm Capital Management, LLC from 2002-2005, as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of United Asset Management Corporation from 1982-2001 and as Senior Manager of Price Waterhouse (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) from 1972-1981.
Ronald A. Pearlman. Mr. Pearlman has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2003 and is the Chairperson of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee. He is a Professor of Law at Georgetown University Law Center. Previously, Mr. Pearlman was Deputy Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy) and Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy), U.S. Department of the Treasury from 1983-1985 and served as Chief of Staff, Joint Committee on Taxation, U.S. Congress from 1988-1990. Mr. Pearlman was engaged in the private practice of law from 1969-2000, with the exception of the periods of government service. He represented large domestic and multinational businesses in connection with the tax aspects of complex transactions and high net worth individuals in connection with tax and business planning.
Helen Frame Peters.
Ms. Peters has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2008
and is a Co-Chairperson of the Portfolio Management Committee. Ms. Peters
is currently a Professor of Finance at Carroll School of Management, Boston College and was formerly Dean of Carroll School of Management from 2000-2002. Ms. Peters was previously a Director of BJs Wholesale Club, Inc. from 2004-2011. In addition, Ms. Peters was the Chief Investment Officer, Fixed Income at Scudder Kemper Investments from 1998-1999 and Chief Investment Officer, Equity and Fixed Income at Colonial Management Associates from 1991-1998. Ms. Peters also served as a Trustee of SPDR Index Shares Funds and SPDR Series Trust from 2000-2009 and as a Director of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston from 2007-2009.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
14
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Harriett Tee Taggart.
Ms. Taggart has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2011
and is a Co-Chairperson of the Portfolio Management Committee. Ms. Taggart
currently manages a professional practice, Taggart Associates. Since 2007, Ms. Taggart has been a Director of Albemarle Corporation, a specialty chemical company where she serves as a member of the Audit Committee and member of the Nomination and Governance Committee. Since 2009 she has served as a Director of the Hanover Insurance Group, Inc. where she also serves as member of the Audit Committee. Ms. Taggart is also a trustee or member of several major non-profit boards, advisory committees and endowment investment companies. From 1983 through 2006, Ms. Taggart served in several capacities at Wellington Management Company, LLP, an investment management firm, including as a Partner, Senior Vice President and chemical industry sector portfolio manager. Ms. Taggart also served as a Director of the Lubrizol Corporation, a specialty chemicals manufacturer from 2007-2011.
Ralph F. Verni. Mr. Verni has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2005 and is the Independent Chairperson of the Board and the Chairperson of the Contract Review Committee. Mr. Verni was formerly the Chief Investment Officer (from 1982-1992), Chief Financial Officer (from 1988-1990) and Director (from 1982-1992) of New England Life. Mr. Verni was also the Chairperson of the New England Mutual Funds from 1982-1992; President and Chief Executive Officer of State Street Management & Research from 1992-2000; Chairperson of the State Street Research Mutual Funds from 1992-2000; Director of W.P. Carey, LLC from 1998-2004; and Director of First Pioneer Farm Credit Corp. from 2002-2006. Mr. Verni has been a Chartered Financial Analyst since 1977.
The Board of the Trust and each Portfolio have several standing Committees, including the Governance Committee, the Audit Committee, the Portfolio Management Committee, the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee and the Contract Review Committee. Each of the Committees are comprised of only noninterested Trustees.
Messrs. Freedman (Chair), Eston,
Park, Pearlman and Verni, and Mmes.
Mosley,
Peters
and Taggart are members of the Governance Committee. The purpose of the Governance Committee is to consider, evaluate and make recommendations to the Board with respect to the structure, membership and operation of the Board and the Committees thereof, including the nomination and selection of noninterested Trustees and a Chairperson of the Board and the compensation of such persons. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Governance Committee convened
eight
times.
The Governance Committee will, when a vacancy exists or is anticipated, consider any nominee for noninterested Trustee recommended by a shareholder if such recommendation is submitted in writing to the Governance Committee, contains sufficient background information concerning the candidate, including evidence the candidate is willing to serve as a noninterested Trustee if selected for the position, and is received in a sufficiently timely manner.
Messrs. Park (Chair), Eston, Pearlman and Verni, and Ms. Peters are members of the Audit Committee. The Board has designated Mr. Park, a noninterested Trustee, as audit committee financial expert. The Audit Committees purposes are to (i) oversee each
Fund's
and
each Portfolio's
accounting and financial reporting processes, its internal control over financial reporting, and, as appropriate, the internal control over financial reporting of certain service providers; (ii) oversee or, as appropriate, assist Board oversight of the quality and integrity of each
Fund's
and
each Portfolio's
financial statements and the independent audit thereof; (iii) oversee, or, as appropriate, assist Board oversight of, each
Fund's
and
each Portfolio's
compliance with legal and regulatory requirements that relate to each
Fund's
and
each Portfolio's
accounting and financial reporting, internal control over financial reporting and independent audits; (iv) approve prior to appointment the engagement and, when appropriate, replacement of the independent registered public accounting firm, and, if applicable, nominate the independent registered public accounting firm to be proposed for shareholder ratification in any proxy statement of a Fund; (v) evaluate the qualifications, independence and performance of the independent registered public accounting firm and the audit partner in charge of leading the audit; and (vi) prepare, as necessary, audit committee reports consistent with the requirements of applicable SEC and stock exchange rules for inclusion in the proxy statement of a Fund. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Audit Committee convened
eighteen
times.
Messrs. Verni (Chair),
Eston
, Freedman and Park, and Mmes.
Mosley,
Peters
and Taggart are
members of the Contract Review Committee. The purposes of the Contract Review Committee are to consider, evaluate and make recommendations to the Board concerning the following matters: (i) contractual arrangements with each service provider to the Funds and
the
Portfolios, including advisory, sub-advisory, transfer agency, custodial and fund accounting, distribution services and administrative services; (ii) any and all other matters in which any service provider (including Eaton Vance or any affiliated entity thereof) has an actual or potential conflict of interest with the interests of the Funds,
the
Portfolios or investors therein; and (iii) any other matter appropriate for review by the noninterested Trustees, unless the matter is within the responsibilities of the other Committees of the Board. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Contract Review Committee convened
seven
times.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
15
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Mmes. Peters and Taggart
(Co-Chairs) and Mosley and Mr. Freedman
are
members of the Portfolio Management Committee. The purposes of the Portfolio Management Committee are to: (i) assist the Board in its oversight of the portfolio management process employed by the Funds and the Portfolios and their investment adviser and sub-adviser(s), if applicable, relative to the Funds and
the
Portfolios stated objective(s), strategies and restrictions; (ii) assist the Board in its oversight of the trading policies and procedures and risk management techniques applicable to the Funds and the Portfolios; and (iii) assist the Board in its monitoring of the performance results of all funds and portfolios, giving special attention to the performance of certain funds and portfolios that it or the Board identifies from time to time. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Portfolio Management Committee convened
six
times.
Messrs. Pearlman (Chair
), Eston
and
Park
are
members of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee. The purposes of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee are to: (i) assist the Board in its oversight role with respect to compliance issues and certain other regulatory matters affecting the Funds and the Portfolios; (ii) serve as a liaison between the Board and the Funds and
the
Portfolios CCO; and (iii) serve as a qualified legal compliance committee within the rules promulgated by the SEC. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee convened
ten
times.
Share Ownership.
The following table shows the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by each Trustee in each Fund and in the Eaton Vance family of funds overseen by the Trustee as of December 31,
2013
. Interests in a Portfolio cannot be purchased by a Trustee.
|
Dollar Range of Equity Securities Owned by |
||||||||
Fund Name |
Scott E.
|
Thomas E.
|
Allen R.
|
Valerie A.
|
William H.
|
Ronald A.
|
Helen Frame
|
Harriett Tee
|
Ralph F.
|
Balanced Fund |
None
|
$50,001 -
|
None |
None |
None |
None |
None
|
None |
None |
Dividend Builder Fund |
None
|
$50,001 -
|
None |
None |
None |
None |
None
|
None |
None |
Large-Cap Core Research Fund |
None
|
$10,001 -
|
None |
None |
None |
None |
None
|
None |
None |
Large-Cap Growth Fund |
None
|
$50,001 -
|
None |
None |
None |
None |
None
|
None |
None |
Large-Cap Value Fund |
None
|
$50,001 -
|
None |
None |
over $100,000 (4) |
$10,001 -
|
None
|
None |
over $100,000 (4) |
Real Estate Fund |
None
|
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None
|
None |
None |
Small-Cap Fund |
None
|
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None
|
None |
over $100,000 (4) |
Small-Cap Value Fund |
None
|
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None
|
None |
None |
Special Equities Fund |
None
|
$10,001 -
|
None |
None |
None |
None |
None
|
None |
None |
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities Owned in Funds Overseen by Trustee in the Eaton Vance Family of Funds |
over $100,000
(4)
|
over $100,000 |
over $100,000 |
None |
over $100,000 |
over $100,000 |
over $100,000
|
over $100,000 |
over $100,000 |
(1)
Interested Trustee.
(2)
Noninterested Trustee.
(3)
Includes shares held by Mr. Fausts spouse.
(4)
Includes shares which may be deemed to be beneficially owned through the Trustee Deferred Compensation Plan.
(5)
Ms. Mosley was appointed as a Trustee effective January 1, 2014.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
16
SAI dated May 1, 2014
As of December 31,
2013
, no noninterested Trustee or any of their immediate family members owned beneficially or of record any class of securities of EVC, EVD or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD.
During the calendar years ended December 31,
2012
and December 31,
2013
, no noninterested Trustee (or their immediate family members) had:
(1)
Any direct or indirect interest in Eaton Vance, EVC, EVD or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD;
(2)
Any direct or indirect material interest in any transaction or series of similar transactions with (i) the Trust or any Fund; (ii) another fund managed by EVC, distributed by EVD or a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; (iii) EVC or EVD; (iv) a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; or (v) an officer of any of the above; or
(3)
Any direct or indirect relationship with (i) the Trust or any Fund; (ii) another fund managed by EVC, distributed by EVD or a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; (iii) EVC or EVD; (iv) a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; or (v) an officer of any of the above.
During the calendar years ended December 31,
2012
and December 31,
2013
, no officer of EVC, EVD or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD served on the Board of Directors of a company where a noninterested Trustee of the Trust or a Portfolio or any of their immediate family members served as an officer.
Noninterested Trustees may elect to defer receipt of all or a percentage of their annual fees in accordance with the terms of a Trustees Deferred Compensation Plan (the Deferred Compensation Plan). Under the Deferred Compensation Plan, an eligible Board member may elect to have his or her deferred fees invested in the shares of one or more funds in the Eaton Vance family of funds, and the amount paid to the Board members under the Deferred Compensation Plan will be determined based upon the performance of such investments. Deferral of Board members fees in accordance with the Deferred Compensation Plan will have a negligible effect on the assets, liabilities, and net income of a participating fund or portfolio, and do not require that a participating Board member be retained. There is no retirement plan for Board members.
The fees and expenses of the Trustees of the Trust and each Portfolio are paid by the Funds (and other series of the Trust) and the Portfolios, respectively. (A Board member who is a member of the Eaton Vance organization receives no compensation from the Trust and each Portfolio.) During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Trustees of the Trust and each Portfolio earned the following compensation in their capacities as Board members from the Trust and each Portfolio. For the year ended December 31,
2013
, the Board members earned the following compensation in their capacities as members of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards
(1)
:
Source of Compensation |
Scott E
|
Allen R.
|
Valerie A.
|
William H.
|
Ronald A.
|
Helen Frame
|
Harriett Tee
|
Ralph F.
|
Mutual Funds Trust (2) |
$ 18,825 |
$ 18,124 |
$ 17,074 |
$ 18,497 |
$ 18,497 |
$ 17,074 |
$ 18,474 |
$ 25,611 |
Special Investment Trust (2) |
4,537 |
4,350 |
4,071 |
4,410 |
4,410 |
4,071 |
4,444 |
6,106 |
Dividend Builder Portfolio |
4,619 (3) |
4,447 |
4,189 |
4,538 |
4,538 |
4,189 |
4,533 |
6,284 (4) |
|
898 (3) |
863 |
812 |
879 |
879 |
812 |
881 |
1,218 (4) |
Large-Cap Growth Portfolio |
720 (3) |
694 |
655 |
709 |
709 |
655 |
707 |
982 (4) |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
17
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Source of Compensation |
Scott E
|
Allen R.
|
Valerie A.
|
William H.
|
Ronald A.
|
Helen Frame
|
Harriett Tee
|
Ralph F.
|
Large-Cap Value Portfolio |
7,482 (3) |
7,205 |
6,788 |
7,354 |
7,354 |
6,788 |
7,343 |
10,182 (4) |
|
$ 245,000 (5) |
$ 255,000 |
$ 240,000 |
$ 260,000 |
$ 260,000 |
$ 240,000 |
$ 240,000 |
$ 360,000 (6) |
(1)
As of May 1, 2014, the Eaton Vance fund complex consists of 182 registered investment companies or series thereof. Ms. Mosley was appointed as a Trustee effective January 1, 2014, and thus the compensation figures listed for each Trust, Portfolio and the Trust and Fund Complex are estimated based on amounts she would have received if she had been a Trustee for the 2013 calendar year and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013. Benjamin C. Esty resigned as a Trustee effective December 31, 2013. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, Mr. Esty received Trustee fees of $18,497 from Mutual Funds Trust, $4,410 from Special Investment Trust, $4,538 from Dividend Builder Portfolio, $879 from Large-Cap Core Research Portfolio, $709 from Large-Cap Growth Portfolio and $7,354 from Large-Cap Value Portfolio. For the calendar year ended December 31, 2013, he received $260,000 from the Trust and Fund Complex. Lynn A. Stout resigned as a Trustee effective March 31, 2014. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, Ms. Stout received Trustee fees of $17,447 from Mutual Funds Trust, $4,130 from Special Investment Trust, $4,280 from Dividend Builder Portfolio (which included $815 of deferred compensation), $828 from Large-Cap Core Research Portfolio (which included $158 of deferred compensation), $669 from Large-Cap Growth Portfolio (which included $127 of deferred compensation) and $6,938 from Large-Cap Value Portfolio (which included $1,321 of deferred compensation). For the calendar year ended December 31, 2013, she received $245,000 from the Trust and Fund Complex, which included $45,000 of deferred compensation.
(2)
Mutual Funds Trust consisted of 37
Funds and Special Investment Trust consisted of 15 Funds as of December 31,
2013
.
(3)
Includes deferred compensation as follows: Dividend Builder Portfolio - $4,
619
; Large-Cap Core Research Portfolio - $
898
; Large-Cap Growth Portfolio - $
720; and
Large-Cap Value Portfolio - $
7,842
.
(4)
Includes deferred compensation as follows: Dividend Builder Portfolio - $
3,103
; Large-Cap Core Research Portfolio - $
601
; Large-Cap Growth Portfolio - $
485; and
Large-Cap Value Portfolio - $5,
029.
(5)
Includes $236,017 of deferred compensation.
(6)
Includes $
171,250 of deferred compensation.
Fund
Organization.
Each Fund, except Large-Cap Core Research Fund, is a series of Special Investment Trust, which was organized under Massachusetts law on March 27, 1989 and Large-Cap Core Research Fund is a series of Mutual Funds Trust, which was organized under Massachusetts law on May 7, 1984.
The Trust is
operated as
an
open-end management investment
company
. The Trust may issue an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest (no par value per share) in one or more series (such as a Fund). The Trustees of the Trust have divided the shares of each Fund into multiple classes. Each class represents an interest in a Fund, but is subject to different expenses, rights and privileges. The Trustees have the authority under the Declaration of Trust to create additional classes of shares with differing rights and privileges. When issued and outstanding, shares are fully paid and nonassessable by the Trust. Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each full share held. Fractional shares may be voted proportionately. Shares of a Fund will be voted together except that only shareholders of a particular class may vote on matters affecting only that class. Shares have no preemptive or conversion rights and are freely transferable. In the event of the liquidation of a Fund, shareholders of each class are entitled to share pro rata in the net assets attributable to that class available for distribution to shareholders.
As permitted by Massachusetts law, there will normally be no meetings of shareholders for the purpose of electing Trustees unless and until such time as less than
two-thirds
of the Trustees of the Trust holding office have been elected by shareholders. In such an event the Trustees then in office will call a shareholders meeting for the election of Trustees. Except for the foregoing circumstances and unless removed by action of the shareholders in accordance with the Trusts By-laws, the Trustees shall continue to hold office and may appoint successor Trustees. The Trusts By-laws provide that
any Trustee may be removed with or without cause, by (i) the affirmative vote of holders of two-thirds of the shares or, (ii) the affirmative vote of, or written instrument, signed by at least two-thirds of the remaining Trustees, provided however, that the removal of any noninterested Trustee shall additionally require the affirmative vote of, or a written instrument executed by, at least two-thirds of the remaining noninterested Trustees.
No person shall serve as a Trustee if shareholders holding two-thirds of the outstanding shares have removed him or her from that office either by a written declaration filed with the Trusts custodian or by votes cast at a meeting called for that purpose. The By-laws further provide that under certain circumstances the shareholders may call a meeting to remove a Trustee and that the Trust is required to provide assistance in communication with shareholders about such a meeting.
The Trusts Declaration of Trust may be amended by the Trustees when authorized by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust, the financial interests of which are affected by the amendment. The Trustees may also amend the Declaration of Trust without the vote or consent of shareholders to change the name of the Trust or any series or to make such other changes (such as reclassifying series or classes of shares or restructuring the Trust) as do not have a materially adverse effect on the financial interests of shareholders or if they deem it necessary to conform it to applicable federal or state laws or regulations. The Trusts By-laws provide that the Trust will indemnify its Trustees and officers against liabilities and expenses
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
18
SAI dated May 1, 2014
incurred in connection with any litigation or proceeding in which they may be involved because of their offices with the Trust. However, no indemnification will be provided to any Trustee or officer for any liability to the Trust or shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.
The Trust or any series or class thereof may be terminated by: (1) the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than two-thirds of the shares outstanding and entitled to vote at any meeting of shareholders of the Trust or the appropriate series or class thereof, or by an instrument or instruments in writing without a meeting, consented to by the holders of two-thirds of the shares of the Trust or a series or class thereof, provided, however, that, if such termination is recommended by the Trustees, the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust or a series or class thereof entitled to vote thereon shall be sufficient authorization; or (2) by the approval of a majority of the Trustees then in office, to be followed by a written notice to shareholders.
Under Massachusetts law, if certain conditions prevail, shareholders of a Massachusetts business trust (such as the Trust) could be deemed to have personal liability for the obligations of the Trust. Numerous investment companies registered under the 1940 Act have been formed as Massachusetts business trusts, and management is not aware of an instance where such liability has been imposed. The Trusts Declaration of Trust contains an express disclaimer of liability on the part of Fund shareholders and the Trusts By-laws provide that the Trust shall assume the defense on behalf of any Fund shareholders. The Declaration of Trust also contains provisions limiting the liability of a series or class to that series or class. Moreover, the Trusts By-laws also provide for indemnification out of Fund property of any shareholder held personally liable solely by reason of being or having been a shareholder for all loss or expense arising from such liability. The assets of each Fund are readily marketable and will ordinarily substantially exceed its liabilities. In light of the nature of each Funds business and the nature of its assets, management believes that the possibility of the Funds liability exceeding its assets, and therefore the shareholders risk of personal liability, is remote.
Portfolio Organization. Each Portfolio was organized as a business trust under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts on December 14, 2009 and intends to be treated as a partnership for federal tax purposes. Prior to that date, each Portfolio was organized as a New York trust on May 1, 1992 for LCVP, on February 28, 2000 for IGIP, on June 18, 2002 for LCGP and on August 10, 2009 for LCCRP. In accordance with the Declaration of Trust of each Portfolio, there will normally be no meetings of the investors for the purpose of electing Trustees unless and until such time as less than a majority of the Trustees of the Portfolio holding office have been elected by investors. In such an event the Trustees of the Portfolio then in office will call an investors meeting for the election of Trustees. Except for the foregoing circumstances and unless removed by action of the investors in accordance with the Portfolios Declaration of Trust, the Trustees shall continue to hold office and may appoint successor Trustees.
The Declaration of Trust of each Portfolio provides that
any
Trustee
may be removed, with or without cause, by (i) the affirmative vote of
investors holding two-thirds of the outstanding interests
or, (ii) the affirmative vote of, or a written instrument executed by, at least two-thirds of the remaining Trustees, provided however,
that
the removal of any noninterested Trustee shall additionally require the affirmative vote of, or
a written
instrument executed by, at least two-thirds of the remaining noninterested Trustees
. The Portfolios By-laws provide that the Portfolio will indemnify its Trustees and officers against liabilities and expenses incurred in connection with any litigation or proceeding in which they may be involved because of their offices with the Portfolio. However, no indemnification will be provided to any Trustee or officer for any liability to the Portfolio or interestholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.
Under Massachusetts law, if certain conditions prevail, shareholders of a Massachusetts business trust (such as a Portfolio) could be deemed to have personal liability for the obligations of a Portfolio. Numerous investment companies registered under the 1940 Act have been formed as Massachusetts business trusts, and management is not aware of an instance where such liability has been imposed. Each Portfolios Declaration of Trust contains an express disclaimer of liability on the part of Portfolio interestholders and the By-laws provide that the Portfolio shall assume the defense on behalf of any Portfolio interestholders. Moreover, the By-laws also provide for indemnification out of Portfolio property of any interestholder held personally liable solely by reason of being or having been an interestholder for all loss or expense arising from such liability. The assets of each Portfolio are readily marketable and will ordinarily substantially exceed its liabilities. In light of the nature of each Portfolios business and the nature of its assets, management believes that the possibility of the Portfolios liability exceeding its assets, and therefore the interestholders risk of personal liability, is remote.
Balanced Fund, Dividend Builder Fund, Large-Cap Core Research Fund, Large-Cap Growth Fund and Large-Cap Value Fund may be required to vote on matters pertaining to a Portfolio. When required by law to do so, a Fund will hold a meeting of Fund shareholders and will vote its interest in the Portfolio for or against such matters proportionately to the instructions to vote for or
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
19
SAI dated May 1, 2014
against such matters received from Fund shareholders. Balanced Fund, Dividend Builder Fund, Large-Cap Core Research Fund, Large
-
Cap Growth Fund
or
Large-Cap Value Fund shall vote shares for which it receives no voting instructions in the same proportion as the shares for which it receives voting instructions. Other investors in a Portfolio may alone or collectively acquire sufficient voting interests in the Portfolio to control matters relating to the operation of the Portfolio, which may require the Fund to withdraw its investment in the Portfolio or take other appropriate action. Any such withdrawal could result in a distribution in kind of portfolio securities (as opposed to a cash distribution from the Portfolio). If securities are distributed, Balanced Fund, Dividend Builder Fund, Large-Cap Core Research Fund, Large
-
Cap Growth Fund or Large-Cap Value Fund could incur brokerage, tax or other charges in converting the securities to cash. In addition, the distribution in kind may result in a less diversified portfolio of investments or adversely affect the liquidity of Balanced Fund, Dividend Builder Fund, Large-Cap Core Research Fund, Large
-
Cap Growth Fund or Large-Cap Value Fund. Notwithstanding the above, there are other means for meeting shareholder redemption requests, such as borrowing.
Proxy Voting Policy. The Board adopted a proxy voting policy and procedures (the Fund Policy), pursuant to which the Board has delegated proxy voting responsibility to the investment adviser and adopted the proxy voting policies and procedures of the investment adviser (the Adviser Policies). An independent proxy voting service has been retained to assist in the voting of Fund proxies through the provision of vote analysis, implementation and recordkeeping and disclosure services. The members of the Board will review each Funds and Portfolios proxy voting records from time to time and will annually consider approving the Adviser Policies for the upcoming year. For a copy of the Fund Policy and Adviser Policies, see Appendix F and Appendix G, respectively. Pursuant to certain provisions of the 1940 Act and certain exemptive orders relating to funds investing in other funds, a Fund or Portfolio may be required or may elect to vote its interest in another fund in the same proportion as the holders of all other shares of that fund. Information on how each Fund and Portfolio voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 is available (1) without charge, upon request, by calling 1-800-262-1122, and (2) on the SECs website at http://www.sec.gov.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES
Investment Advisory Services.
The investment adviser manages the investments and affairs of each Portfolio, Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund and Special Equities Fund and provides related office facilities and personnel subject to the supervision of the Trust
s
and
Portfolios Board of Trustees. The investment adviser furnishes investment research, advice and supervision, furnishes an investment program and determines what securities will be purchased, held or sold by each Portfolio, Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund and Special Equities Fund and what portion, if any, of the Portfolio's, Real Estate Fund's, Small-Cap Value Fund's and Special Equity Funds assets will be held uninvested. Each Investment Advisory Agreement requires the investment adviser
to
pay the salaries and fees of all officers and Trustees who are members of the investment adviser's organization and all personnel of the investment adviser performing services relating to research and investment activities.
At December 31,
2013
, Real Estate Fund had net assets of $
26,392,477
. For the fiscal years ended December 31,
2013,
2012
and
2011
, the investment advisory fees for the Fund totaled $
212,508, $
189,639
and
$47,630
, respectively.
At
December 31,
2013, Small-Cap
Fund
had net assets
of
$226,090,159.
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013, the
Fund
paid advisory fees of $1,500,885.
Prior to May 1, 2012, Small-Cap Fund invested its assets in Small-Cap Portfolio, a separate registered investment company with the same objective and policies as the Fund.
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012, the Funds allocated portion of the advisory fee paid by the Portfolio
was
$515,793 and the advisory fee paid by the Fund
was
$944,928. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, the
Funds allocated portion of the
advisory
fee paid by the Portfolio was
$1,496,728.
At December 31,
2013
, Small-Cap Value Fund had net assets of $
38,846,510
. For the fiscal years ended December 31,
2013,
2012
and
2011
, the Fund paid advisory fees of $
351,512, $
327,333
and
$374,602
, respectively.
At December 31, 2013, Special Equities Fund had net assets of $63,729,807.
For the fiscal
year
ended December 31,
2013, the Fund paid advisory fees of $353,155.
Prior to May 1, 2012, Special Equities Fund invested its assets in Special Equities Portfolio, a separate registered investment company with the same objective and policies as the Fund.
For the year ended December 31, 2012, the Funds allocated portion of the advisory fee paid by the Portfolio
was
$117,096 and the advisory fee paid by the Fund
was
$218,150.
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2011, the Funds
allocated
portion of the advisory fee paid
by
the
Portfolio
was $444,031.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
20
SAI dated May 1, 2014
The following table sets forth the net assets of the foregoing Portfolios at December 31,
2013
and the advisory fees for the three fiscal years ended December 31,
2013.
|
|
Advisory Fee for Fiscal Years Ended |
||
Portfolio* |
Net Assets at 12/31/13 |
12/31/13 |
12/31/12 |
12/31/11 |
Dividend Buider |
$1,082,542,942 |
$6,792,954 |
$7,118,056 |
$7,751,112 |
|
237,132,867 |
1,347,199 |
1,299,280 |
1,428,512 |
Large-Cap Growth |
159,964,954 |
1,006,895 |
1,116,713 |
1,327,990 |
Large-Cap Value |
6,494,345,479 |
43,806,521 |
55,297,735 |
89,852,829 |
*
If a Portfolio invested in Cash Management Portfolio (an affiliated money market fund) (CMP), the portion of CMPs advisory fee allocable to that Fund or Portfolio was credited against that Fund or Portfolios advisory fee.
Each Investment Advisory Agreement with the investment adviser continues in effect from year to year so long as such continuance is approved at least annually (i) by the vote of a majority of the noninterested Trustees of the Trust, in the case of Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund, Special Equities Fund, or a Portfolio, in the case of a Portfolio cast in person at a meeting specifically called for the purpose of voting on such approval and (ii) by the Board of Trustees of the Trust, in the case of Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund, Special Equities Fund, or a Portfolio, in the case of a Portfolio
or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund, Special Equities Fund or a Portfolio, as the case may be. Each Agreement may be terminated at any time without penalty on sixty (60) days written notice by the Board of either party, or by vote of the majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund, Special Equities Fund or a Portfolio, as the case may be, and each Agreement will terminate automatically in the event of its assignment. Each Agreement provides that the investment adviser may render services to others. Each Agreement also provides that the investment adviser shall not be liable for any loss incurred in connection with the performance of its duties, or action taken or omitted under the Agreement, in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its obligations and duties thereunder, or for any losses sustained in the acquisition, holding or disposition of any security or other investment.
Information About BMR and Eaton Vance.
BMR and Eaton Vance are business trusts organized under the laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts. EV serves as trustee of BMR and Eaton Vance. EV and Eaton Vance are wholly-owned subsidiaries of EVC, a Maryland corporation and publicly-held holding company. BMR is an indirect subsidiary of EVC. EVC through its subsidiaries and affiliates engages primarily in investment management, administration and marketing activities. The Directors of EVC are Thomas E. Faust Jr., Ann E. Berman, Leo I. Higdon, Jr., Dorothy E. Puhy
, Winthrop H. Smith, Jr. and Richard A. Spillane, Jr. All shares of the outstanding Voting Common Stock of EVC are deposited in a Voting Trust, the Voting Trustees of which are Mr. Faust, Jeffrey P. Beale, Daniel C. Cataldo, Cynthia J. Clemson
, James H. Evans
, Maureen A. Gemma, Laurie G. Hylton, Brian D. Langstraat, Michael R. Mach, Frederick S. Marius, David C. McCabe, Thomas M. Metzold, Scott H. Page,
Charles B. Reed
, Walter A. Row, III,
Craig P. Russ
, David M. Stein, Payson F. Swaffield, Michael W. Weilheimer
, Kelly Williams
and Matthew J. Witkos (all of whom are officers of Eaton Vance or its affiliates). The Voting Trustees have unrestricted voting rights for the election of Directors of EVC. All of the outstanding voting trust receipts issued under said Voting Trust are owned by certain of the officers of BMR and Eaton Vance who may also be officers, or officers and Directors of EVC and EV. As indicated under Management and Organization, all of the officers of the Trust (as well as Mr. Faust who is also a Trustee) hold positions in the Eaton Vance organization.
Code of Ethics. The investment adviser, principal underwriter, and each Fund and Portfolio have adopted Codes of Ethics governing personal securities transactions. Under the Codes, employees of the investment adviser and the principal underwriter may purchase and sell securities (including securities held or eligible for purchase by a Fund or Portfolio) subject to the provisions of the Codes and certain employees are also subject to pre-clearance, reporting requirements and other procedures.
Information About Fox.
Fox, a wholly-owned affiliate of EVC, is a New Jersey-based registered investment adviser that manages equity, fixed-income and balanced portfolios. At December 31,
2013
, Foxs assets under management totaled approximately $1.
3
billion.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
21
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Portfolio Managers. The portfolio managers (each referred to as a portfolio manager) of Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund, Special Equities Fund and each Portfolio are listed below. Each portfolio manager manages other investment companies and/or investment accounts in addition to a Fund or a Portfolio. The following table shows, as of the Funds and the Portfolios most recent fiscal year end, the number of accounts each portfolio manager managed in each of the listed categories and the total assets (in millions of dollars) in the accounts managed within each category. The table also shows the number of accounts with respect to which the advisory fee is based on the performance of the account, if any, and the total assets (in millions of dollars) in those accounts.
|
Number of
|
Total Assets of
|
Number of Accounts
|
Total Assets of Accounts
|
Yana S. Barton (1) |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
5 |
$9,868.5 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
15 |
$8,206.3 (3) |
0 |
$0 |
Other Accounts (2) |
12 |
$295.7 |
0 |
$0 |
Matthew R. Beaudry |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
5 |
$7,578.4 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
4 |
$363.5 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Accounts (2) |
49 |
$4,289.9 |
0 |
$0 |
J. Scott Craig |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
1 |
$26.5 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Accounts |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
John D. Crowley |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
5 |
$7,578.4 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
4 |
$363.5 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Accounts (2) |
51 |
$4,294.1 |
0 |
$0 |
Charles B. Gaffney |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
2 |
$1,319.7 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Accounts |
2 |
$2.1 |
0 |
$0 |
Gregory R. Greene |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
4 |
$207.7 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Accounts |
30 |
$93.3 |
0 |
$0 |
Stephen J. Kaszynski |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
5 |
$7,578.4 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
4 |
$363.5 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Accounts (2) |
49 |
$4,289.9 |
0 |
$0 |
Thomas H. Luster (1) |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
6 |
$539.5 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
2 |
$3,027.9 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Accounts |
4 |
$137.4 |
0 |
$0 |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
22
SAI dated May 1, 2014
|
Number of
|
Total Assets of
|
Number of Accounts
|
Total Assets of Accounts
|
Michael R. Mach |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
5 |
$7,578.4 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
4 |
$363.5 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Accounts (2) |
51 |
$4,294.1 |
0 |
$0 |
Patrick J. O ’ Brien |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
2 |
$192.2 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Accounts |
15 |
$4.7 |
0 |
$0 |
J. Bradley Ohlmuller |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
2 |
$192.2 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Accounts |
26 |
$23.5 |
0 |
$0 |
Lewis R. Piantedosi (1) |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
6 |
$10,315.1 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
13 |
$6,735.5 (3) |
0 |
$0 |
Other Accounts (2) |
12 |
$295.7 |
0 |
$0 |
|
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
1 |
$177.7 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Accounts |
12 |
$188.8 |
0 |
$0 |
Nancy B. Tooke |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
3 |
$443.8 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
4 |
$152.6 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Accounts |
10 |
$587.2 |
0 |
$0 |
(1)
This portfolio manager serves as portfolio manager of one or more registered investment companies that invests or may invest in one or more underlying registered investment companies in the Eaton Vance family of funds
or other pooled investment vehicles sponsored by Eaton Vance.
The underlying investment companies may be managed by this portfolio manager or another portfolio manager(s).
(2)
For Other Accounts that are part of a wrap account program, the number of accounts cited includes the number of sponsors for which the portfolio manager provides management services rather than the number of individual customer accounts within each wrap account program. The amount of assets managed for Other Accounts includes assets managed on a nondiscretionary or model basis.
(3)
Certain of these Other Pooled Investment Vehicles invest a substantial portion of their assets either in a registered investment company or in a separate
pooled investment vehicle managed by this
portfolio manager or another Eaton Vance
portfolio manager.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
23
SAI dated May 1, 2014
The following table shows the dollar range of
equity securities
beneficially owned
in a Fund
by its portfolio manager(s) as of the Funds most recent fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
and in the Eaton Vance family of funds as of December 31,
2013
. Interests in a Portfolio cannot be purchased by a portfolio manager.
Fund Name and
|
Dollar Range of Equity Securities
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity
|
Balanced Fund |
|
|
Charles B. Gaffney |
None |
$500,001 - $1,000,000 |
Thomas H. Luster |
None |
over $1,000,000 |
Bernard Scozzafava |
None |
$100,001 - $500,000 |
Dividend Builder Fund |
|
|
|
$10,001 - $50,000 |
$500,001 - $1,000,000 |
Large-Cap Core Research Fund |
|
|
Charles B. Gaffney |
$10,001 - $50,000 |
$500,001 - $1,000,000 |
Large-Cap Growth Fund |
|
|
Yana S. Barton |
$100,001 - $500,000 |
$500,001 - $1,000,000 |
Lewis R. Piantedosi |
over $1,000,000 |
over $1,000,000 |
Large-Cap Value Fund |
|
|
Matthew F. Beaudry |
None |
$100,001 - $500,000 |
John D. Crowley |
$100,001 - $500,000 |
$500,001 - $1,000,000 |
Stephen J. Kaszynski |
$500,001 - $1,000,000 |
$500,001 - $1,000,000 |
Michael R. Mach |
over $1,000,000 |
over $1,000,000 |
Real Estate Fund |
|
|
J. Scott Craig |
$100,001 - $500,000 |
$500,001 - $1,000,000 |
Small-Cap Fund |
|
|
Nancy B. Tooke |
$100,001 - $500,000 |
$500,001 - $1,000,000 |
Small-Cap Value Fund |
|
|
Gregory R. Greene |
$1 - $10,000 |
$100,001 - $500,000 |
Patrick J. O ’ Brien |
$10,001 - $50,000 |
$50,001 - $100,000 |
J. Bradley Ohlmuller |
$100,001 - $500,000 |
$100,001 - $500,000 |
Special Equities Fund |
|
|
Nancy B. Tooke |
$100,001 - $500,000 |
$500,001 - $1,000,000 |
It is possible that conflicts of interest may arise in connection with a portfolio managers management of a Portfolios, Real Estate Funds, Small-Cap Funds, Small-Cap Value Funds or Special Equities Funds investments on the one hand and the investments of other accounts for which the portfolio manager is responsible on the other. For example, a portfolio manager may have conflicts of interest in allocating management time, resources and investment opportunities among a Portfolio, Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund or Special Equities Fund and other accounts he or she advises. In addition, due to differences in the investment strategies or restrictions between a Portfolio, Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund or Special Equities Fund and the other accounts, a portfolio manager may take action with respect to another account that differs from the action taken with respect to the Portfolio, Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund or Special Equities Fund. In some cases, another account managed by a portfolio manager may compensate the investment adviser based on the performance of the securities held by that account. The existence of such a performance based fee may create additional conflicts of interest for the portfolio manager in the allocation of management time, resources and investment opportunities. Whenever conflicts of interest arise, the portfolio manager will endeavor to exercise his or her discretion in a manner that he or
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
24
SAI dated May 1, 2014
she believes is equitable to all interested persons. The investment adviser has adopted several policies and procedures designed to address these potential conflicts including a code of ethics and policies which govern the investment advisers trading practices, including among other things the aggregation and allocation of trades among clients, brokerage allocation, cross trades and best execution.
Compensation Structure for Eaton Vance and BMR. Compensation of the investment advisers portfolio managers and other investment professionals has three primary components: (1) a base salary, (2) an annual cash bonus, and (3) annual stock-based compensation consisting of options to purchase shares of EVCs nonvoting common stock and restricted shares of EVCs nonvoting common stock. The investment advisers investment professionals also receive certain retirement, insurance and other benefits that are broadly available to the investment advisers employees. Compensation of the investment advisers investment professionals is reviewed primarily on an annual basis. Cash bonuses, stock-based compensation awards, and adjustments in base salary are typically paid or put into effect at or shortly after the October 31st fiscal year end of EVC.
Method to Determine Compensation. The investment adviser compensates its portfolio managers based primarily on the scale and complexity of their portfolio responsibilities and the total return performance of managed funds and accounts versus the benchmark(s) stated in the prospectus, as well as an appropriate peer group (as described below). In addition to rankings within peer groups of funds on the basis of absolute performance, consideration may also be given to relative risk-adjusted performance. Risk-adjusted performance measures include, but are not limited to, the Sharpe ratio. Performance is normally based on periods ending on the September 30th preceding fiscal year end. Fund performance is normally evaluated primarily versus peer groups of funds as determined by Lipper Inc. and/or Morningstar, Inc. When a funds peer group as determined by Lipper or Morningstar is deemed by the investment advisers management not to provide a fair comparison, performance may instead be evaluated primarily against a custom peer group or market index. In evaluating the performance of a fund and its manager, primary emphasis is normally placed on three-year performance, with secondary consideration of performance over longer and shorter periods. For funds that are tax-managed or otherwise have an objective of after-tax returns, performance is measured net of taxes. For other funds, performance is evaluated on a pre-tax basis. For funds with an investment objective other than total return (such as current income), consideration will also be given to the funds success in achieving its objective. For managers responsible for multiple funds and accounts, investment performance is evaluated on an aggregate basis, based on averages or weighted averages among managed funds and accounts. Funds and accounts that have performance-based advisory fees are not accorded disproportionate weightings in measuring aggregate portfolio manager performance.
The compensation of portfolio managers with other job responsibilities (such as heading an investment group or providing analytical support to other portfolios) will include consideration of the scope of such responsibilities and the managers performance in meeting them.
The investment adviser seeks to compensate portfolio managers commensurate with their responsibilities and performance, and competitive with other firms within the investment management industry. The investment adviser participates in investment-industry compensation surveys and utilizes survey data as a factor in determining salary, bonus and stock-based compensation levels for portfolio managers and other investment professionals. Salaries, bonuses and stock-based compensation are also influenced by the operating performance of the investment adviser and its parent company. The overall annual cash bonus pool is generally based on a substantially fixed percentage of pre-bonus adjusted operating income. While the salaries of the investment advisers portfolio managers are comparatively fixed, cash bonuses and stock-based compensation may fluctuate significantly from year to year, based on changes in manager performance and other factors as described herein. For a high performing portfolio manager, cash bonuses and stock-based compensation may represent a substantial portion of total compensation.
Commodity Futures Trading Commission Registration.
Effective December 31, 2012, the CFTC adopted certain regulatory changes that subject registered investment companies and advisers to regulation by the CFTC if a fund invests more than a prescribed level of its assets in certain CFTC-regulated instruments (including futures, certain options and swaps agreements) or markets itself as providing investment exposure to such instruments. Each Fund has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term commodity pool operator under the Commodity Exchange Act
. Accordingly, neither the Funds nor the investment adviser with respect to the operation of the Funds
is
subject to CFTC regulation. Because of
their
management of other strategies, Eaton Vance and BMR are registered with the CFTC as commodity pool operators. Eaton Vance
and BMR are
also registered as
commodity trading
advisors.
The CFTC has neither reviewed nor approved each Funds investment strategies or this
SAI
.
Administrative Services. As indicated in the Prospectus, Eaton Vance serves as administrator of each Fund. Large-Cap Core Research Fund, Large-Cap Growth Fund, Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund and Small-Cap Value Fund are each authorized to pay Eaton Vance an annual fee in the amount of 0.15% and prior to June 15, 2012, Balanced Fund was authorized to pay
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
25
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance an administrative fee of up to 0.10% of average daily net assets (effective June 15, 2012, Balanced Fund is authorized to pay Eaton Vance an administrative fee of 0.04% of average daily net assets) for providing administrative services to the Fund. Eaton Vance does not currently receive a fee for serving as administrator of the other Funds. Under each Agreement, Eaton Vance has been engaged to administer each Funds affairs, subject to the supervision of the Board, and shall furnish office space and all necessary office facilities, equipment and personnel for administering the affairs of each Fund.
The following table sets forth the net assets of Balanced Fund, Large-Cap Core Research Fund, Large-Cap Growth Fund, Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund and Small-Cap Value Fund at December 31,
2013
and the administration fees paid
during the three fiscal years ended December 31,
2013.
|
|
Administration Fee Paid for Fiscal Years Ended |
||
Fund |
Net Assets at 12/31/13 |
12/31/13 |
12/31/12 |
12/31/11 |
Balanced Fund |
$ 228,722,050 |
$ 81,630 |
$ 79,691 |
$ 12,800 |
Large-Cap Core Research Fund (1) |
63,014,971 |
85,809 |
82,236 |
92,171 |
Large-Cap Growth Fund (2) |
149,497,996 |
215,946 |
239,709 |
274,477 |
Real Estate Fund (3) |
26,392,477 |
49,040 |
43,763 |
10,991 |
Small-Cap Fund
|
226,090,159 |
300,177 |
291,851 |
285,980 |
Small-Cap Value Fund (4) |
38,846,510 |
52,727 |
49,100 |
56,190 |
(1)
For the fiscal years ended December 31,
2013,
2012
and
2011
, Eaton Vance waived fees and reimbursed expenses of $
106,984, $
113,689
and
$130,244
, respectively.
(2)
For the fiscal years ended December 31,
2013,
2012
and
2011
, Eaton Vance was allocated $
145,581, $
199,884
and
$228,933
, respectively, of the Funds operating expenses.
(3)
For the fiscal years ended December 31,
2013,
2012
and
2011
, Eaton Vance was allocated $
89,288, $
70,769
and $
93,664
, respectively, of the Funds operating expenses.
(4)
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013, BMR and
Eaton Vance
were allocated $193,772
of the Funds operating expenses.
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2012
and
2011
, BMR, Eaton Vance and Fox were allocated $206,217
and
$64,225
, respectively, of the Funds operating expenses.
Sub-Transfer Agency
Support
Services.
Eaton Vance
provides
sub-transfer
agency and related services to
Eaton Vance
mutual funds pursuant to
a
Sub-Transfer Agency Support Services Agreement. Under the agreement, Eaton Vance provides
: (1)
specified sub-transfer agency services
; (2)
compliance monitoring services
; and (
3) intermediary oversight services. For the
services it provides, Eaton Vance receives an aggregate annual fee equal to the lesser of $2.5 million or the actual expenses incurred by Eaton Vance in the performance of
such services.
Each Fund pays a pro rata share of such fee. For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013, Eaton Vance earned the following from each Fund pursuant to
the
agreement
:
Balanced
|
Dividend Builder
|
Large-Cap Core Research
|
Large-Cap Growth
|
Large-Cap Value
|
Real Estate
|
Small-Cap
|
Small-Cap Value
|
Special Equities
|
$ 23,587 |
$ 49,858 |
$ 2,429 |
$ 6,438 |
$ 89,653 |
$ 1,126 |
$ 7,630 |
$ 3,640 |
$ 10,435 |
Expenses. Each Fund and Portfolio are responsible for all expenses not expressly stated to be payable by another party (such as expenses required to be paid pursuant to an agreement with the investment adviser, the principal underwriter or the administrator). In the case of expenses incurred by the Trust, each Fund is responsible for its pro rata share of those expenses. The only expenses of a Fund allocated to a particular class are those incurred under the Distribution Plan applicable to that class (if any) and certain other class-specific expenses.
OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS
Principal Underwriter. Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. (EVD), Two International Place, Boston, MA 02110 is the principal underwriter of each Fund. The principal underwriter acts as principal in selling shares under a Distribution Agreement with the Trust. The expenses of printing copies of prospectuses used to offer shares and other selling literature and of advertising are borne by the principal underwriter. The fees and expenses of qualifying and registering and maintaining qualifications and registrations of a Fund and its shares under federal and state securities laws are borne by the Fund. The Distribution Agreement is renewable annually by the members of the Board (including a majority of the noninterested Trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Distribution Agreement or any applicable Distribution Plan), may be terminated on sixty days notice either by such Trustees or by vote of a majority of the outstanding Fund shares or on six months notice by the principal underwriter and is automatically terminated upon assignment. The principal underwriter distributes shares on a
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
26
SAI dated May 1, 2014
best efforts basis under which it is required to take and pay for only such shares as may be sold. EVD is a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of EVC. Mr. Faust is a Director of EVD. EVD also serves as placement agent for the Portfolios.
Custodian. State Street Bank and Trust Company (State Street), 200 Clarendon Street, Boston, MA 02116, serves as custodian to each Fund and each Portfolio. State Street has custody of all cash and securities representing a Funds interest in each Portfolio, has custody of each Portfolios, Real Estate Fund's, Small-Cap Fund's, Small-Cap Value Funds and Special Equities Fund's assets, maintains the general ledger of each Portfolio and each Fund and computes the daily net asset value of interests in each Portfolio and the net asset value of shares of each Fund. In such capacity it attends to details in connection with the sale, exchange, substitution, transfer or other dealings with Real Estate Fund's, Small-Cap Fund's, Small-Cap Value Fund's, Special Equities Fund's and each Portfolios investments, receives and disburses all funds and performs various other ministerial duties upon receipt of proper instructions from the Trust and each Portfolio. State Street also provides services in connection with the preparation of shareholder reports and the electronic filing of such reports with the SEC. EVC and its affiliates and their officers and employees from time to time have transactions with various banks, including State Street. It is Eaton Vances opinion that the terms and conditions of such transactions were not and will not be influenced by existing or potential custodial or other relationships between each Fund or each Portfolio and such banks.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. Deloitte & Touche LLP, 200 Berkeley Street, Boston, MA 02116, is the independent registered public accounting firm of each Fund and Portfolio, providing audit and related services, assistance and consultation with respect to the preparation of filings with the SEC.
Transfer Agent. BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc., P.O. Box 9653, Providence, RI 02940-9653, serves as transfer and dividend disbursing agent for each Fund.
CALCULATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
The net asset value of the Fund is determined by State Street (as agent and custodian) by subtracting the liabilities of the Fund from the value of its total assets. The Fund is closed for business and will not issue a net asset value on the following business holidays and any other business day that the Exchange is closed: New Years Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. The Funds net asset value per share is readily accessible on the Eaton Vance website (www.eatonvance.com).
Each Portfolio investor may add to or reduce its investment in the Portfolio on each day the Exchange is open for trading (Portfolio Business Day) as of the close of regular trading on the Exchange (the Portfolio Valuation Time). The value of each investors interest in the Portfolio will be determined by multiplying the net asset value of the Portfolio by the percentage, determined on the prior Portfolio Business Day, which represented that investors share of the aggregate interests in the Portfolio on such prior day. Any additions or withdrawals for the current Portfolio Business Day will then be recorded. Each investors percentage of the aggregate interest in the Portfolio will then be recomputed as a percentage equal to a fraction (i) the numerator of which is the value of such investors investment in the Portfolio as of the Portfolio Valuation Time on the prior Portfolio Business Day plus or minus, as the case may be, the amount of any additions to or withdrawals from the investors investment in the Portfolio on the current Portfolio Business Day and (ii) the denominator of which is the aggregate net asset value of the Portfolio as of the Portfolio Valuation Time on the prior Portfolio Business Day plus or minus, as the case may be, the amount of the net additions to or withdrawals from the aggregate investment in the Portfolio on the current Portfolio Business Day by all investors in the Portfolio. The percentage so determined will then be applied to determine the value of the investors interest in the Portfolio for the current Portfolio Business Day.
The Board has approved procedures pursuant to which investments are valued for purposes of determining the Funds net asset value. Listed below is a summary of the methods generally used to value investments (some or all of which may be held by the Fund) under the procedures.
Equity securities (including common stock, exchange traded funds, closed end funds, preferred equity securities, exchange traded notes and other instruments that trade on recognized stock exchanges) are valued at the last sale, official close or if there are no reported sales at the mean between the bid and asked price on the primary exchange on which they are traded.
Most debt obligations are valued on the basis of market valuations furnished by a pricing service or at the mean of the bid and asked prices provided by recognized broker/dealers of such securities. The pricing service may use a pricing matrix to determine valuation.
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Short-term obligations and money market securities maturing in sixty days or less typically are valued at amortized cost which approximates value.
Foreign securities and currencies are valued in U.S. dollars based on foreign currency exchange quotations supplied by a pricing service.
Senior and Junior Loans are valued on the basis of prices furnished by a pricing service. The pricing service uses transactions and market quotations from brokers in determining values.
Seasoned fixed-rate 30 year MBS are valued
either
by Eaton Vance using a matrix pricing system
or on the basis of prices furnished by a pricing service. These valuation methodologies take
into account bond prices, yield differentials, anticipated prepayments and interest rates
.
Futures contracts are valued at the settlement or closing price on the primary exchange or board of trade on which they are traded.
Exchange-traded options are valued at the mean of the bid and asked prices. Over-the-counter options are valued based on quotations obtained from a pricing service or from a broker (typically the counterparty to the option).
Non-exchange traded derivatives (including swap agreements
(other than those which have been centrally cleared),
forward contracts and equity participation notes) are generally valued on the basis of valuations provided by a pricing service or using quotes provided by a broker/dealer (typically the counterparty).
Swap agreements that have been cleared by a central counterparty (CCP) are valued at the daily settlement price provided by the CCP.
Precious metals are valued are valued at the New York Composite mean quotation.
Liabilities with a payment or maturity date of 364 days or less are stated at their principal value and longer dated liabilities generally will be carried at their fair value.
Valuations of foreign equity securities may be adjusted from prices in effect at the close of trading on foreign exchanges to more accurately reflect their fair value as of the close of regular trading on the Exchange. Such fair valuations may be based on information provided by a pricing service.
Investments which are unable to be valued in accordance with the foregoing methodologies are valued at fair value using methods determined in good faith by or at the direction of the members of the Board. Such methods may include consideration of relevant factors, including but not limited to (i) the type of security, the existence of any contractual restrictions on the securitys disposition, (ii) the price and extent of public trading in similar securities of the issuer or of comparable companies or entities, (iii) quotations or relevant information obtained from broker-dealers or other market participants, (iv) information obtained from the issuer, analysts, and/or the appropriate stock exchange (for exchange-traded securities), (v) an analysis of the companys or entitys financial condition, (vi) an evaluation of the forces that influence the issuer and the market(s) in which the security is purchased and sold (vii) an analysis of the terms of any transaction involving the issuer of such securities; and (viii) any other factors deemed relevant by the investment adviser. The portfolio managers of one Eaton Vance fund that invests in Senior and Junior Loans may not possess the same information about a Senior or Junior Loan as the portfolio managers of another Eaton Vance fund. As such, at times the fair value of a Loan determined by certain Eaton Vance portfolio managers may vary from the fair value of the same Loan determined by other portfolio managers.
PURCHASING AND REDEEMING SHARES
Additional Information About Purchases. Fund shares are offered for sale only in states where they are registered. Fund shares are continuously offered through financial intermediaries which have entered into agreements with the principal underwriter. Shares of a Fund are sold at the public offering price, which is the net asset value plus the initial sales charge, if any. The Fund receives the net asset value. The principal underwriter receives the sales charge, all or a portion of which may be reallowed to the financial intermediaries responsible for selling Fund shares. The sales charge table in the Prospectus is applicable to purchases of a Fund alone or in combination with purchases of certain other funds offered by the principal underwriter, made at a single time by (i) an individual, or an individual, his or her spouse and their children under the age of twenty-one, purchasing shares for his or their own account, and (ii) a trustee or other fiduciary purchasing shares for a single trust estate or a single fiduciary account. The table is also presently applicable to (1) purchases of Class A shares pursuant to a written Statement of Intention; or (2) purchases of Class A shares pursuant to the Right of Accumulation and declared as such at the time of purchase. See Sales Charges.
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In connection with
employer sponsored retirement
plans, a Fund may accept initial investments of less than the minimum investment amount on the part of an individual participant. In the event a shareholder who is a participant of such a plan terminates participation in the plan, his or her shares will be transferred to a regular individual account. However, such account will be subject to the right of redemption by a Fund as described below.
Class I Share Purchases.
Class I shares are available for purchase by clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class I shares through a no-load network or platform. Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and
employer sponsored
retirement plans
.
Class I shares also are offered to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates; certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance and certain Fund service providers; current and retired members of Eaton Vance Fund Boards; employees of Eaton Vance and its affiliates and such persons
’
spouses, parents, siblings and lineal descendants and their beneficial accounts.
Class R Share Purchases.
Class R shares are available for purchase by clients of financial intermediaries who charge an advisory, management or consulting or similar fee for their services; accounts affiliated with those financial intermediaries; and in connection with certain
employer sponsored retirement plans and Individual Retirement Account rollover accounts
.
Suspension of Sales.
The Trust may, in its absolute discretion, suspend, discontinue or limit the offering of one or more of its classes of shares at any time. In determining whether any such action should be taken, the Trusts management intends to consider all relevant factors, including (without limitation) the size of a Fund or class, the investment climate and market conditions
and
the volume of sales and redemptions of shares
. The Class A, Class B, Class C and Class R Distribution Plans may continue in effect and payments may be made under the Plans following any such suspension, discontinuance or limitation of the offering of shares; however, there is no contractual obligation to continue any Plan for any particular period of time. Suspension of the offering of shares would not, of course, affect a shareholders ability to redeem shares.
Additional Information About Redemptions. The right to redeem shares of a Fund can be suspended and the payment of the redemption price deferred when the Exchange is closed (other than for customary weekend and holiday closings), during periods when trading on the Exchange is restricted as determined by the SEC, or during any emergency as determined by the SEC which makes it impracticable for Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund, Special Equities Fund or a Portfolio to dispose of its securities or value its assets, or during any other period permitted by order of the SEC for the protection of investors.
Due to the high cost of maintaining small accounts, the Trust reserves the right to redeem accounts with balances of less than $750. Prior to such a redemption, shareholders will be given 60 days written notice to make an additional purchase. However, no such redemption would be required by the Trust if the cause of the low account balance was a reduction in the net asset value of shares. No CDSC or redemption fees, if applicable, will be imposed with respect to such involuntary redemptions.
While normally payments will be made in cash for redeemed shares, the Trust, subject to compliance with applicable regulations, has reserved the right to pay the redemption price of shares of a Fund, either totally or partially, by a distribution in kind of readily marketable securities. The securities so distributed would be valued pursuant to the valuation procedures described in this SAI. If a shareholder received a distribution in kind, the shareholder could incur brokerage or other charges in converting the securities to cash.
Systematic Withdrawal Plan. The transfer agent will send to the shareholder regular monthly or quarterly payments of any permitted amount designated by the shareholder based upon the value of the shares held. The checks will be drawn from share redemptions and hence, may require the recognition of taxable gain or loss. Income dividends and capital gains distributions in connection with withdrawal plan accounts will be credited at net asset value as of the record date for each distribution. Continued withdrawals in excess of current income will eventually use up principal, particularly in a period of declining market prices. A shareholder may not have a withdrawal plan in effect at the same time he or she has authorized Bank Automated Investing or is otherwise making regular purchases of Fund shares. The shareholder, the transfer agent or the principal underwriter may terminate the withdrawal plan at any time without penalty.
Other Information. A Fund ’ s net asset value per share is normally rounded to two decimal places. In certain situations (such as a merger, share split or a purchase or sale of shares that represents a significant portion of a share class), the administrator may determine to extend the calculation of the net asset value per share to additional decimal places to ensure that neither the value of the Fund nor a shareholders shares is diluted materially as the result of a purchase or sale or other transaction.
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SALES CHARGES
Dealer Commissions. The principal underwriter may, from time to time, at its own expense, provide additional incentives to financial intermediaries which employ registered representatives who sell Fund shares and/or shares of other funds distributed by the principal underwriter. In some instances, such additional incentives may be offered only to certain financial intermediaries whose representatives sell or are expected to sell significant amounts of shares. In addition, the principal underwriter may from time to time increase or decrease the sales commissions payable to financial intermediaries. The principal underwriter may allow, upon notice to all financial intermediaries with whom it has agreements, discounts up to the full sales charge during the periods specified in the notice. During periods when the discount includes the full sales charge, such financial intermediaries may be deemed to be underwriters as that term is defined in the 1933 Act.
Purchases at Net Asset Value.
Class A shares may be sold at net asset value to current and retired members of Eaton Vance Fund Boards; to clients (including custodial, agency, advisory and trust accounts) and current and
former
officers and employees of Eaton Vance, its affiliates and other investment advisers and sub-advisers of Eaton Vance sponsored funds; and to such persons spouses, parents, siblings and lineal descendants and their beneficial accounts. Such shares may also be issued at net asset value (1) in connection with the merger (or similar transaction) of an investment company (or series or class thereof) or personal holding company with a Fund (or class thereof), (2) to investors making an investment as part of a fixed fee program whereby an entity unaffiliated with the investment adviser provides investment services, such as management, brokerage and custody, (3) to investment advisors, financial planners or other intermediaries who place trades for their own accounts or the accounts of their clients and who charge a management, consulting or similar ongoing fee for their services; clients of such investment advisors, financial planners or other intermediaries who place trades for their own accounts if the accounts are linked to the master account of such investment advisor, financial planner or other intermediary on the books and records of the broker or agent; financial intermediaries who have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class A shares on a no-load basis as described in the Prospectus; to HSAs (Health Savings Accounts); and to
employer sponsored
retirement
plans and trusts used to fund those plans,
(4) to officers and employees of a Funds custodian and transfer agent and (5) in connection with the ReFlow liquidity program. Class A shares may also be sold at net asset value to registered representatives and employees of financial intermediaries. Sales charges generally are waived because either (i) there is no sales effort involved in the sale of shares or (ii) the investor is paying a fee (other than the sales charge) to the financial intermediary involved in the sale. Any new or revised sales charge or CDSC waiver will be prospective only.
CDSC Waiver.
The CDSC applicable to Class B and Class C shares will be waived in connection with minimum required distributions from
employer sponsored
retirement plans
and individual retirement accounts
by applying the rate required to be withdrawn under the applicable rules and regulations of the
IRS
to the balance of Class B and Class C shares in your account
.
Waiver of Investment Minimums.
In addition to waivers described in the Prospectus, minimum investment amounts are waived for current and retired members of Eaton Vance Fund Boards, clients (including custodial, agency, advisory and trust accounts), current and retired officers and employees of Eaton Vance, its affiliates and other investment advisers and sub-advisers to the Eaton Vance family of funds, and for such persons spouses, parents, siblings and lineal descendants and their beneficial accounts. The minimum initial investment amount is also waived for officers and employees of a Funds custodian and transfer agent
and in connection with the merger (or similar transaction) of an investment company (or series or class thereof) or personal holding company with a Fund (or class thereof).
Investments in a Fund by ReFlow in connection with the Reflow liquidity program are also not subject to the minimum investment amount.
Statement of Intention. If it is anticipated that $50,000 or more of Class A shares and shares of other funds exchangeable for Class A shares of another Eaton Vance fund will be purchased within a 13-month period, the Statement of Intention section of the account application should be completed so that shares may be obtained at the same reduced sales charge as though the total quantity were invested in one lump sum. Shares eligible for the right of accumulation (see below) as of the date of the Statement and purchased during the 13-month period will be included toward the completion of the Statement. If you make a Statement of Intention, the transfer agent is authorized to hold in escrow sufficient shares (5% of the dollar amount specified in the Statement) which can be redeemed to make up any difference in sales charge on the amount intended to be invested and the amount actually invested. A Statement of Intention does not obligate the shareholder to purchase or the Fund to sell the full amount indicated in the Statement.
If the amount actually purchased during the 13-month period is less than that indicated in the Statement, the shareholder will be requested to pay the difference between the sales charge applicable to the shares purchased and the sales charge paid under the Statement of Intention. If the payment is not received in 20 days, the appropriate number of escrowed shares will be redeemed in order to realize such difference. If the total purchases during the 13-month period are large enough to qualify for a lower sales
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charge than that applicable to the amount specified in the Statement, the shareholder must notify the transfer agent or, if shares are held in a street name account, the financial intermediary prior to the expiration date of the Agreement in order for such lower sales charge to apply to purchases under the Statement. Any difference will be refunded to the shareholder in cash or applied to the purchase of additional shares, as specified by the shareholder. This refund will be made by the financial intermediary and the principal underwriter. If at the time of the recomputation, the financial intermediary for the account has changed, the adjustment will be made only on those shares purchased through the current financial intermediary for the account. If the sales charge rate changes during the 13-month period, all shares purchased or charges assessed after the date of such change will be subject to the then applicable sales charge.
Right of Accumulation. Under the right of accumulation, the applicable sales charge level is calculated by aggregating the dollar amount of the current purchase and the value (calculated at the maximum current offering price) of shares owned by the shareholder. Class A shares of Eaton Vance U.S. Government Money Market Fund cannot be accumulated for purposes of this privilege. The sales charge on the shares being purchased will then be applied at the rate applicable to the aggregate. Share purchases eligible for the right of accumulation are described under Sales Charges in the Prospectus. For any such discount to be made available at the time of purchase a purchaser or his or her financial intermediary must provide the principal underwriter (in the case of a purchase made through a financial intermediary) or the transfer agent (in the case of an investment made by mail) with sufficient information to permit verification that the purchase order qualifies for the accumulation privilege. Confirmation of the order is subject to such verification. The right of accumulation privilege may be amended or terminated at any time as to purchases occurring thereafter.
Conversion Feature. Class B shares held for eight years will automatically convert to Class A shares. For purposes of this conversion, all distributions paid on Class B shares which the shareholder elects to reinvest in Class B shares will be considered to be held in a separate sub-account. Upon the conversion of Class B shares not acquired through the reinvestment of distributions, a pro rata portion of the Class B shares held in the sub-account will also convert to Class A shares. This portion will be determined by the ratio that the Class B shares being converted bears to the total of Class B shares (excluding shares acquired through reinvestment) in the account. This conversion feature is subject to the continuing availability of a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service or an opinion of counsel that the conversion is not taxable for federal income tax purposes.
Distribution Plans
The Trust has in effect a compensation-type Distribution Plan for Class A shares (the Class A Plan) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. The Class A Plan is designed to (i) finance activities which are primarily intended to result in the distribution and sales of Class A shares and to make payments in connection with the distribution of such shares and (ii) pay service fees for personal services and/or the maintenance of shareholder accounts to the principal underwriter, financial intermediaries and other persons. The distribution and service fees payable under the Class A Plan shall not exceed 0.25% of the average daily net assets attributable to Class A shares for any fiscal year. Class A distribution and service fees are paid monthly in arrears. For the distribution and service fees paid by Class A shares, see Appendix A.
The Trust also has in effect a compensation-type Distribution Plan for each
Fund's
Class B and Class C shares (the Class B and Class C Plans) adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. Pursuant to the Class B and Class C Plans, Class B and Class C pay the principal underwriter a distribution fee, accrued daily and paid monthly, at an annual rate not exceeding 0.75% of its average daily net assets to finance the distribution of its shares. Such fees compensate the principal underwriter for the sales commissions paid by it to financial intermediaries on the sale of shares, for other distribution expenses (such as personnel, overhead, travel, printing and postage) and for interest expense. The principal underwriter is entitled to receive all distribution fees and CDSCs paid or payable with respect to Class B and Class C shares, provided that no such payments will be made that would cause Class C and Class B shares of Small-Cap Fund and Small-Cap Value Fund to exceed the maximum sales charge permitted by
FINRA's
NASD Conduct Rule 2830(d) or Class B shares of Balanced Fund, Dividend Builder Fund and Large-Cap Value Fund to exceed a maximum sales charge of 5%
as
determined in accordance with such Rule.
The Class B and Class C Plans also authorize the payment of service fees to the principal underwriter, financial intermediaries and other persons in amounts not exceeding an annual rate of 0.25% of its average daily net assets for personal services, and/or the maintenance of shareholder accounts. For Class B, this fee is paid monthly in arrears based on the value of shares sold by such persons. For Class C, financial intermediaries currently receive (a) a service fee (except on exchange transactions and reinvestments) at the time of sale equal to 0.25% of the purchase price of Class C shares sold by such
intermediaries
, and (b) monthly service fees approximately equivalent to 1/12 of 0.25% of the value of Class C shares sold by such
intermediaries.
During the first year after a purchase of Class C shares, the principal underwriter will retain the service fee as reimbursement for the service fee payment made to financial intermediaries at the time of sale. For the service fees paid, see Appendix B and Appendix C.
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The Trust also has in effect a compensation-type Distribution Plan (the Class R Plan) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act for the Large-Cap Growth Fund's, Large-Cap Value Fund's and Small-Cap Funds Class R shares. The Class R Plan provides for the payment of a monthly distribution fee to the principal underwriter of up to an annual rate of 0.50% of average daily net assets attributable to Class R shares. The Trustees of the Trust have currently limited Class R distribution payments to 0.25% of average daily net assets attributable to Class R shares. The Class R Plan also provides that Class R shares will pay a service fee to the principal underwriter in an amount equal on an annual basis of up to 0.25% of that portion of average daily net assets attributable to Class R shares for personal services and/or the maintenance of shareholder accounts. Service fees are paid monthly in arrears. For the distribution and service fees paid by Class R shares, see Appendix E.
The Trustees of the Trust believe that each Plan will be a significant factor in the expected growth of each Funds assets, and will result in increased investment flexibility and advantages which have benefitted and will continue to benefit the Fund and its shareholders. The Eaton Vance organization may profit by reason of the operation of a Plan through an increase in Fund assets and if at any point in time the aggregate amounts received by the principal underwriter pursuant to a Plan exceeds the total expenses incurred in distributing Fund shares.
For sales commissions and CDSCs
, if applicable, see Appendix A, Appendix B and Appendix C.
A Plan continues in effect from year to year so long as such continuance is approved at least annually by the vote of both a majority of (i) the noninterested Trustees of the Trust who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan or any agreements related to the Plan (the Plan Trustees) and (ii) all of the Trustees then in office. A Plan may be terminated at any time by vote of a majority of the Plan Trustees or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the applicable Class. Quarterly Trustee review of a written report of the amount expended under the Plan and the purposes for which such expenditures were made is required. A Plan may not be amended to increase materially the payments described therein without approval of the shareholders of the affected Class and the Trustees. So long as a Plan is in effect, the selection and nomination of the noninterested Trustees shall be committed to the discretion of such Trustees. The Trustees, including the Plan Trustees, initially approved the current Plan(s) on April 22, 2013 for each Fund. Any Trustee of the Trust who is an interested person of the Trust has an indirect financial interest in a Plan because his or her employer (or affiliates thereof) receives distribution and/or service fees under the Plan or agreements related thereto.
PERFORMANCE
Performance Calculations. Average annual total return before deduction of taxes (pre-tax return) is determined by multiplying a hypothetical initial purchase order of $1,000 by the average annual compound rate of return (including capital appreciation/depreciation, and distributions paid and reinvested) for the stated period and annualizing the result. The calculation assumes (i) that all distributions are reinvested at net asset value on the reinvestment dates during the period, (ii) the deduction of the maximum of any initial sales charge from the initial $1,000 purchase, (iii) a complete redemption of the investment at the end of the period, and (iv) the deduction of any applicable CDSC at the end of the period.
Average annual total return after the deduction of taxes on distributions is calculated in the same manner as pre-tax return except the calculation assumes that any federal income taxes due on distributions are deducted from the distributions before they are reinvested. Average annual total return after the deduction of taxes on distributions and taxes on redemption also is calculated in the same manner as pre-tax return except the calculation assumes that (i) any federal income taxes due on distributions are deducted from the distributions before they are reinvested and (ii) any federal income taxes due upon redemption are deducted at the end of the period. After-tax returns are based on the highest federal income tax rates in effect for individual taxpayers as of the time of each assumed distribution and redemption (taking into account their tax character), and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. In calculating after-tax returns, the net value of any federal income tax credits available to shareholders is applied to reduce federal income taxes payable on distributions at or near year-end and, to the extent the net value of such credits exceeds such distributions, is then assumed to be reinvested in additional Fund shares at net asset value on the last day of the fiscal year in which the credit was generated or, in the case of certain tax credits, on the date on which the year-end distribution is paid. For pre-tax and after-tax total return information, see Appendix A, Appendix B, Appendix C, Appendix D and Appendix E.
In addition to the foregoing total return figures, each Fund may provide pre-tax and after-tax annual and cumulative total return, as well as the ending redeemable cash value of a hypothetical investment. If shares are subject to a sales charge, total return figures may be calculated based on reduced sales charges or at net asset value. These returns would be lower if the full sales charge was imposed. After-tax returns may also be calculated using different tax rate assumptions and taking into account state and local income taxes as well as federal taxes. A Funds performance may differ from that of other investors in a Portfolio, including other investment companies.
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Yield is computed pursuant to a standardized formula by dividing the net investment income per share earned during a recent thirty-day period by the maximum offering price (including the maximum of any initial sales charge) per share on the last day of the period and annualizing the resulting figure. Yield figures do not reflect the deduction of any applicable CDSC, but assume the maximum of any initial sales charge. Actual yield may be affected by variations in sales charges on investments.
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings and Related Information.
The Board has adopted policies and procedures (the Policies) with respect to the disclosure of information about portfolio holdings of each Fund. See
the Funds'
Prospectus for information on disclosure made in filings with the SEC and/or posted on the Eaton Vance website (www.eatonvance.com) and disclosure of certain portfolio characteristics. Pursuant to the Policies, information about portfolio holdings of a Fund may also be disclosed as follows:
Confidential disclosure for a legitimate Fund purpose:
Portfolio holdings may be disclosed, from time to time as necessary, for a legitimate business purpose of a Fund, believed to be in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders, provided there is a duty or an agreement that the information be kept confidential. Any such confidentiality agreement includes provisions intended to impose a duty not to trade on the non-public information. The Policies permit disclosure of portfolio holdings information to the following: 1) affiliated and unaffiliated service providers that have a legal or contractual duty to keep such information confidential, such as employees of the investment adviser (including portfolio managers and, in the case of a Portfolio, the portfolio manager of any account that invests in the Portfolio), the administrator, custodian, transfer agent, principal underwriter, etc. described herein and in the Prospectus; 2) other persons who owe a fiduciary or other duty of trust or confidence to the Fund (such as Fund legal counsel and independent registered public accounting firm); or 3) persons to whom the disclosure is made in advancement of a legitimate business purpose of a Fund and who have expressly agreed in writing to maintain the disclosed information in confidence and to use it only in connection with the legitimate business purpose underlying the arrangement. To the extent applicable to an Eaton Vance fund, such persons may include securities lending agents which may receive information from time to time regarding selected holdings which may be loaned by a Fund, in the event a Fund is rated, credit rating agencies (Moodys Investor Services, Inc. and Standard & Poors Ratings Group), analytical service providers engaged by the investment adviser (Advent, Bloomberg L.P., Evare, Factset, McMunn Associates, Inc., MSCI/Barra and The Yield Book, Inc.), proxy evaluation vendors (Institutional Shareholder Servicing Inc.), pricing services (TRPS Mark-to-Market Pricing Service, WM Company Reuters Information Services and Non-Deliverable Forward Rates Service, Pricing Direct, FT Interactive Data Corp., Standard & Poors Securities Evaluation Service, Inc., SuperDerivatives and Stat Pro.), which receive information as needed to price a particular holding, translation services, third-party reconciliation services, lenders under Fund credit facilities (Citibank, N.A. and its affiliates), consultants and other product evaluators (Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC) and, for purposes of facilitating portfolio transactions, financial intermediaries and other intermediaries (national and regional municipal bond dealers and mortgage-backed securities dealers). These entities receive portfolio information on an as needed basis in order to perform the service for which they are being engaged. If required in order to perform their duties, this information will be provided in real time or as soon as practical thereafter. Additional categories of disclosure involving a legitimate business purpose may be added to this list upon the authorization of a Funds Board.
In addition to the foregoing, disclosure of portfolio holdings may be made to a Funds investment adviser as a seed investor in a fund, in order for the adviser or its parent to satisfy certain reporting obligations and reduce its exposure to market risk factors associated with any such seed investment. Also
, in connection with a redemption in kind, the redeeming shareholder may be required to agree to keep the information about the securities to be so distributed confidential, except to the extent necessary to dispose of the securities.
Historical portfolio holdings information: From time to time, each Fund may be requested to provide historic portfolio holdings information or certain characteristics of portfolio holdings that have not been made public previously. In such case, the requested information may be provided if: the information is requested for due diligence or another legitimate purpose; the requested portfolio holdings or portfolio characteristics are for a period that is no more recent than the date of the portfolio holdings or portfolio characteristics posted to the Eaton Vance website; and the dissemination of the requested information is reviewed and approved in accordance with the Policies.
The Funds, the investment adviser and principal underwriter will not receive any monetary or other consideration in connection with the disclosure of information concerning a Funds portfolio holdings.
The Policies may not be waived, or exception made, without the consent of the CCO of the Funds. The CCO may not waive or make exception to the Policies unless such waiver or exception is consistent with the intent of the Policies, which is to ensure that disclosure of portfolio information is in the best interest of Fund shareholders. In determining whether to permit a waiver of or exception to the Policies, the CCO will consider whether the proposed disclosure serves a legitimate purpose of a Fund, whether it could provide the recipient with an advantage over Fund shareholders or whether the proposed disclosure gives rise to
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a conflict of interest between a Funds shareholders and its investment adviser, principal underwriter or other affiliated person. The CCO will report all waivers of or exceptions to the Policies to the Board at their next meeting. The Board may impose additional restrictions on the disclosure of portfolio holdings information at any time.
The Policies are designed to provide useful information concerning a Fund to existing and prospective Fund shareholders while at the same time inhibiting the improper use of portfolio holdings information in trading Fund shares and/or portfolio securities held by
Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund
,
Special Equities Fund
or a Portfolio
. However, there can be no assurance that the provision of any portfolio holdings information is not susceptible to inappropriate uses (such as the development of market timing models), particularly in the hands of highly sophisticated investors, or that it will not in fact be used in such ways beyond the control of the Funds.
TAXES
The following is a summary of some of the tax consequences affecting the Fund and its shareholders. The summary does not address all of the special tax rules applicable to certain classes of investors, such as
individual retirement accounts
and other
employer sponsored
retirement plans, tax-exempt entities, foreign investors, insurance companies and financial institutions. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors with respect to special tax rules that may apply in their particular situations, as well as the federal, state, local, and, where applicable, foreign tax consequences of investing in the Fund.
Taxation of the Fund. The Fund, as a series of the Trust, is treated as a separate entity for federal income tax purposes. The Fund has elected to be treated and intends to qualify each year as a regulated investment company (RIC) under Subchapter M of the Code. Accordingly, the Fund intends to satisfy certain requirements relating to sources of its income and diversification of its assets and to distribute substantially all of its net investment income (including tax-exempt income, if any) and net short-term and long-term capital gains (after reduction by any available capital loss carryforwards) in accordance with the timing requirements imposed by the Code, so as to maintain its RIC status and to avoid paying any federal income tax. If the Fund qualifies for treatment as a RIC and satisfies the above-mentioned distribution requirements, it will not be subject to federal income tax on income paid to its shareholders in the form of dividends or capital gain distributions. The Fund qualified as a RIC for its most recent fiscal year.
The Fund also seeks to avoid payment of federal excise tax. However, if the Fund fails to distribute in a calendar year substantially all of its ordinary income for such year and substantially all of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ending October 31 (or later if the Fund is permitted to so elect and so elects), plus any retained amount from the prior year, the Fund will be subject to a 4% excise tax on the undistributed amounts. In order to avoid incurring a federal excise tax obligation, the Code requires that the Fund
distributes
(or be deemed to have distributed) by December 31 of each calendar year (i) at least 98% of its ordinary income (excluding tax-exempt income, if any) for such year, (ii) at least 98.2% of its capital gain net income (which is the excess of its realized capital gains over its realized capital losses), generally computed on the basis of the one-year period ending on October 31 of such year, after reduction by any available capital loss carryforwards, and (iii) 100% of any income and capital gains from the prior year (as previously computed) that was not paid out during such year and on which the Fund paid no federal income tax. If the Fund fails to meet these requirements it will be subject to a nondeductible 4% excise tax on the undistributed amounts. Under current law, provided that the Fund qualifies as a RIC (and, where applicable, the Portfolio is treated as a partnership for Massachusetts and federal tax purposes), the Fund should not be liable for any income, corporate excise or franchise tax in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
If the Fund does not qualify as a RIC for any taxable year, the Funds taxable income will be subject to corporate income taxes, and all distributions from earnings and profits, including distributions of tax-exempt income and net capital gain (if any), will be taxable to the shareholder as dividend income. However, such distributions may be eligible (i) to be treated as qualified dividend income in the case of shareholders taxed as individuals and (ii) for the dividends-received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders. In addition, in order to re-qualify for taxation as a RIC, the Fund may be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest, and make substantial distributions.
In certain situations, the Fund may, for a taxable year, elect to defer all or a portion of its capital losses realized after October and
its
late
-
year ordinary losses
(defined as the excess of post-October specified losses (as defined in the Code) and other post-December ordinary losses over post-October specified gains (as defined in the Code) and other post-December ordinary income) realized after December
until the next taxable year in computing its investment company taxable income and net capital gain, which will defer the recognition of such realized losses.
Such deferrals and other rules regarding gains and losses realized after October
(or December)
may affect the tax character of shareholder distributions.
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The Code contains a provision codifying the judicial economic substance doctrine, which has traditionally been used by courts to deny tax benefits for transactions that lack economic substance; a strict liability penalty is imposed for an understatement of tax liability due to a transactions lack of economic substance.
Taxation of the Portfolio. If the Fund invests its assets in the Portfolio, the Portfolio normally must satisfy the applicable source of income and diversification requirements in order for the Fund to also satisfy these requirements. For federal income tax purposes, the Portfolio intends to be treated as a partnership that is not a publicly traded partnership and, as a result, will not be subject to federal income tax. The Fund, as an investor in the Portfolio, will be required to take into account in determining its federal income tax liability its share of such Portfolios income, gains, losses, deductions and credits, without regard to whether it has received any distributions from such Portfolio. The Portfolio will allocate at least annually among its investors, including the Fund, the Portfolios net investment income, net realized capital gains, and any other items of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit. For purposes of applying the requirements of the Code regarding qualification as a RIC, the Fund (i) will be deemed to own its proportionate share of each of the assets of the Portfolio and (ii) will be entitled to the gross income of the Portfolio attributable to such share. Under current law, provided that the Portfolio is treated as a partnership for Massachusetts and federal tax purposes, the Portfolio should not be liable for any income, corporate excise or franchise tax in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
Taxation of the Subsidiary.
To the extent described in the prospectus, the Fund may invest in the Subsidiary. The Subsidiary is classified as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As described in the prospectus, the Fund has either applied for or received from the IRS a private
letter ruling or has received advice from counsel
relating to the treatment of the income allocated to the Fund from the Subsidiary for purposes of the Funds status as a RIC under the Code. Foreign corporations, such as the Subsidiary, will generally not be subject to U.S. federal income taxation unless they are deemed to be engaged in a U.S. trade or business. It is expected that the Subsidiary will conduct it activities in a manner so as to meet the requirements of a safe harbor under Section 864(b)(2) of the Code under which the Subsidiary may engage in trading in stocks or securities or certain commodities without being deemed to be engaged in a U.S. trade or business. However, if certain of the Subsidiary's activities were determined not to be of the type described in the safe harbor (which is not expected), then the activities of the Subsidiary may constitute a U.S. trade or business, and would be taxed as such.
The Subsidiary is treated as a controlled foreign corporation (CFC) for tax purposes and the Fund is treated as a U.S. shareholder of the Subsidiary. As a result, the Fund is required to include in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes all of the Subsidiary's subpart F income, whether or not such income is distributed by the Subsidiary. It is expected that all of the Subsidiary's income will be subpart F income. The Funds recognition of the Subsidiary's subpart F income will increase the Funds tax basis in the Subsidiary. Distributions by the Subsidiary to the Fund will be tax-free, to the extent of its previously undistributed subpart F income, and will correspondingly reduce the Fund's tax basis in the Subsidiary. Subpart F income is generally treated as ordinary income, regardless of the character of the Subsidiary's underlying income. If a net loss is realized by the Subsidiary, such loss is not generally available to offset the income earned by the Fund.
Tax Consequences of Certain Investments. The following summary of the tax consequences of certain types of investments applies to the Fund and the Portfolio, as appropriate. References in the following summary to the Fund are to any Fund or Portfolio that can engage in the particular practice as described in the prospectus or SAI.
Securities Acquired at Market Discount or with Original Issue Discount. Investment in securities acquired at a market discount, or in zero coupon, deferred interest, payment-in-kind and certain other securities with original issue discount, generally may cause the Fund to realize income prior to the receipt of cash payments with respect to these securities. Such income will be accrued daily by the Fund and, in order to avoid a tax payable by the Fund, the Fund may be required to liquidate securities that it might otherwise have continued to hold in order to generate cash so that the Fund may make required distributions to its shareholders. The Fund may elect to accrue market discount income on a daily basis.
Lower Rated or Defaulted Securities. Investments in securities that are at risk of, or are in, default present special tax issues for the Fund. Tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless securities and how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income.
Municipal Obligations. Any recognized gain or income attributable to market discount on long-term tax-exempt municipal obligations (i.e., obligations with a term of more than one year) purchased after April 30, 1993 (except to the extent of a portion of the discount attributable to original issue discount), is taxable as ordinary income. A long-term debt obligation is generally treated as acquired at a market discount if purchased after its original issue at a price less than (i) the stated principal amount payable at maturity, in the case of an obligation that does not have original issue discount or (ii) in the case of an obligation that
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
does have original issue discount, the sum of the issue price and any original issue discount that accrued before the obligation was purchased, subject to a de minimis exclusion.
From time to time proposals have been introduced before Congress for the purpose of restricting or eliminating the federal income tax exemption for interest on certain types of municipal obligations, and it can be expected that similar proposals may be introduced in the future. As a result of any such future legislation, the availability of municipal obligations for investment by the Fund and the value of the securities held by it may be affected. It is possible that events occurring after the date of issuance of municipal obligations, or after the Funds acquisition of such an obligation, may result in a determination that the interest paid on that obligation is taxable, even retroactively.
If the Fund seeks income exempt from state and/or local taxes, information about such taxes is contained in an appendix to this SAI (see the Table of Contents).
Tax Credit Bonds. If the Fund holds, directly or indirectly, one or more tax credit bonds (including Build America Bonds, clean renewable energy bonds and other qualified tax credit bonds) on one or more applicable dates during a taxable year and the Fund satisfies the minimum distribution requirement, the Fund may elect to permit its shareholders to claim a tax credit on their income tax returns equal to each shareholders proportionate share of tax credits from the applicable bonds that otherwise would be allowed to the Fund. In such a case, shareholders must include in gross income (as interest) their proportionate share of the income attributable to their proportionate share of those offsetting tax credits. A shareholders ability to claim a tax credit associated with one or more tax credit bonds may be subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code. Even if the Fund is eligible to pass through tax credits to shareholders, the Fund may choose not to do so.
Derivatives. The Funds investments in options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward contracts (to the extent permitted) and certain other transactions may be subject to special tax rules (including mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale, short sale and other rules), the effect of which may be to accelerate income to the Fund, defer Fund losses, cause adjustments in the holding periods of Fund securities, convert capital gain into ordinary income and convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and character of Fund distributions.
Investments in so-called section 1256 contracts, such as regulated futures contracts, most foreign currency forward contracts traded in the interbank market and options on most stock indices, are subject to special tax rules. All section 1256 contracts held by the Fund at the end of its taxable year are required to be marked to their market value, and any unrealized gain or loss on those positions will be included in the Funds income as if each position had been sold for its fair market value at the end of the taxable year. The resulting gain or loss will be combined with any gain or loss realized by the Fund from positions in section 1256 contracts closed during the taxable year. Provided such positions were held as capital assets and were not part of a hedging transaction nor part of a straddle, 60% of the resulting net gain or loss will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss, and 40% of such net gain or loss will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss, regardless of the period of time the positions were actually held by the Fund.
Fund positions in index options that do not qualify as section 1256 contracts under the Code generally will be treated as equity options governed by Code Section 1234. Pursuant to Code Section 1234, if a written option expires unexercised, the premium received is short-term capital gain to the Fund. If the Fund enters into a closing transaction with respect to a written option, the difference between the premium received and the amount paid to close out its position is short-term capital gain or loss. If an option written by the Fund that is not a section 1256 contract is cash settled, any resulting gain or loss will be short-term capital gain. For an option purchased by the Fund that is not a section 1256 contract
,
any gain or loss resulting from sale of the option will be a capital gain or loss, and will be short-term or long-term, depending upon the holding period for the option. If the option expires, the resulting loss is a capital loss and is short-term or long-term, depending upon the holding period for the option. If a put option written by the Fund is exercised and physically settled, the premium received is treated as a reduction in the amount paid to acquire the underlying securities, increasing the gain or decreasing the loss to be realized by the Fund upon sale of the securities. If a call option written by the Fund is exercised and physically settled, the premium received is included in the sale proceeds, increasing the gain or decreasing the loss realized by the Fund at the time of option exercise.
As a result of entering into swap contracts, the Fund may make or receive periodic net payments. The Fund may also make or receive a payment when a swap is terminated prior to maturity through an assignment of the swap or other closing transaction. Periodic net payments will generally constitute ordinary income or deductions, while termination of a swap will generally result in capital gain or loss (which will be a long-term capital gain or loss if the Fund has been a party to a swap for more than one year). With respect to certain types of swaps, the Fund may be required to currently recognize income or loss with respect to
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
future payments on such swaps or may elect under certain circumstances to mark such swaps to market annually for tax purposes as ordinary income or loss.
Short Sales. In general, gain or loss on a short sale is recognized when the Fund closes the sale by delivering the borrowed property to the lender, not when the borrowed property is sold. Gain or loss from a short sale is generally considered to be capital gain or loss to the extent that the property used to close the short sale constitutes a capital asset in the Funds hands. Except with respect to certain situations where the property used to close a short sale has a long-term holding period on the date of the short sale, special rules generally treat the gains on short sales as short-term capital gains. These rules may also terminate the running of the holding period of substantially identical property held by the Fund. Moreover, a loss on a short sale will be treated as a long-term capital loss if, on the date of the short sale, substantially identical property has been held by the Fund for more than one year. In general, the Fund will not be permitted to deduct payments made to reimburse the lender of securities for dividends paid on borrowed stock if the short sale is closed on or before the 45th day after the short sale is entered.
Constructive Sales. The Fund may recognize gain (but not loss) from a constructive sale of certain appreciated financial positions if the Fund enters into a short sale, offsetting notional principal contract, or forward contract transaction with respect to the appreciated position or substantially identical property. Appreciated financial positions subject to this constructive sale treatment include interests (including options and forward contracts and short sales) in stock and certain other instruments. Constructive sale treatment does not apply if the transaction is closed out not later than thirty days after the end of the taxable year in which the transaction was initiated, and the underlying appreciated securities position is held unhedged for at least the next sixty days after the hedging transaction is closed.
Gain or loss on a short sale will generally not be realized until such time as the short sale is closed. However, as described above in the discussion of constructive sales, if the Fund holds a short sale position with respect to securities that have appreciated in value, and it then acquires property that is the same as or substantially identical to the property sold short, the Fund generally will recognize gain on the date it acquires such property as if the short sale were closed on such date with such property. Similarly, if the Fund holds an appreciated financial position with respect to securities and then enters into a short sale with respect to the same or substantially identical property, the Fund generally will recognize gain as if the appreciated financial position were sold at its fair market value on the date it enters into the short sale. The subsequent holding period for any appreciated financial position that is subject to these constructive sale rules will be determined as if such position were acquired on the date of the constructive sale.
Foreign Investments and Currencies. The Funds investments in foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes or other foreign taxes with respect to income (possibly including, in some cases, capital gains), which would decrease the Funds income on such securities. These taxes may be reduced or eliminated under the terms of an applicable U.S. income tax treaty. If more than 50% of Fund assets at year end consists of the debt and equity securities of foreign corporations, the Fund may elect to permit shareholders to claim a credit or deduction on their income tax returns for their pro rata portion of qualified taxes paid by the Fund to foreign countries. If the election is made, shareholders will include in gross income from foreign sources their pro rata share of such taxes. A shareholders ability to claim a foreign tax credit or deduction in respect of foreign taxes paid by the Fund may be subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code (including a holding period requirement applied at both the Fund and shareholder level), as a result of which a shareholder may not get a full credit or deduction for the amount of such taxes. In particular, the Fund must own the dividend-paying stock for more than 15 days during the 31-day period beginning 15 days prior to the ex-dividend date. Likewise, shareholders must hold their Fund shares (without protection from risk or loss) on the ex-dividend date and for at least 15 additional days during the 31-day period beginning 15 days prior to the ex-dividend date to be eligible to claim the foreign tax with respect to a given dividend. Shareholders who do not itemize deductions on their federal income tax returns may claim a credit (but no deduction) for such taxes. Individual shareholders subject to the alternative minimum tax (AMT) may not deduct such taxes for AMT purposes.
Transactions in foreign currencies, foreign currency-denominated debt securities and certain foreign currency options, futures contracts, forward contracts and similar instruments (to the extent permitted) may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency. Under Section 988 of the Code, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the time the Fund accrues income or receivables or expenses or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects such income or pays such liabilities are generally treated as ordinary income or ordinary loss.
Investments in
passive foreign investment companies
(PFICs) could subject the Fund to U.S. federal income tax or other charges on certain distributions from such companies and on disposition of investments in such companies; however, the tax effects of such investments may be mitigated by making an election to mark such investments to market
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
annually or treat the PFIC as a qualified electing fund. If the Fund were to invest in a PFIC and elect to treat the PFIC as a qualified electing fund under the Code, the Fund might be required to include in income each year a portion of the ordinary earnings and net capital gains of the qualified electing fund, even if not distributed to the Fund, and such amounts would be subject to the distribution requirements described above. In order to make this election, the Fund would be required to obtain certain annual information from the PFICs in which it invests, which may be difficult or impossible to obtain. Alternatively, if the Fund were to make a mark-to-market election with respect to a PFIC, the Fund would be treated as if it had sold and repurchased the PFIC stock at the end of each year. In such case, the Fund would report any such gains as ordinary income and would deduct any such losses as ordinary losses to the extent of previously recognized gains. This election must be made separately for each PFIC, and once made, would be effective for all subsequent taxable years unless revoked with the consent of the IRS. The Fund may be required to recognize income in excess of the distributions it receives from PFICs and its proceeds from dispositions of PFIC stock in any particular year. As a result, the Fund may have to distribute this phantom income and gain to satisfy the distribution requirement and to avoid imposition of the 4% excise tax.
U.S. Government Securities. Distributions paid by the Fund that are derived from interest on obligations of the U.S. Government and certain of its agencies and instrumentalities (but generally not distributions of capital gains realized upon the disposition of such obligations) may be exempt from state and local income taxes. The Fund generally intends to advise shareholders of the extent, if any, to which its distributions consist of such interest. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisers regarding the possible exclusion of such portion of their dividends for state and local income tax purposes.
Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs). Any investment by the Fund in equity securities of a REIT qualifying as such under Subchapter M of the Code may result in the Funds receipt of cash in excess of the REITs earnings; if the Fund distributes these amounts, these distributions could constitute a return of capital to Fund shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Investments in REIT equity securities also may require the Fund to accrue and distribute income not yet received. To generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, the Fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio (including when it is not advantageous to do so) that it otherwise would have continued to hold. Dividends received by the Fund from a REIT will not qualify for the corporate dividends-received deduction and generally will not constitute qualified dividend income.
Inflation-Indexed Bonds. Periodic adjustments for inflation to the principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond may give rise to original issue discount, which will be includable in the Funds gross income (see Securities Acquired at Market Discount or with Original Issue Discount above). Also, if the principal value of an inflation-indexed bond is adjusted downward due to inflation, amounts previously distributed in the taxable year may be characterized in some circumstances as a return of capital (see Taxation of Fund Shareholders below).
Taxation of Fund Shareholders. Subject to the discussion of distributions of tax-exempt income below, Fund distributions of investment income and net gains from investments held for one year or less will be taxable as ordinary income. Fund distributions of any net gains from investments held for more than one year are taxable as long-term capital gains. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the Fund owned the investments that generated the gains, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her shares in the Fund. Dividends and distributions on the Funds shares are generally subject to federal income tax as described herein to the extent they are made out of the Funds earnings and profits, even though such dividends and distributions may economically represent a return of a particular shareholders investment. Such distributions are likely to occur in respect of shares purchased at a time when the Funds net asset value reflects gains that are either unrealized, or realized but not distributed. Such realized gains may be required to be distributed even when the Funds net asset value also reflects unrealized losses.
Distributions paid by the Fund during any period may be more or less than the amount of net investment income and capital gains actually earned during the period. If the Fund makes a distribution to a shareholder in excess of the Funds current and accumulated earnings and profits in any taxable year, the excess distribution will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of such shareholders tax basis in its shares, and thereafter as capital gain. A return of capital is not taxable, but it reduces a shareholders tax basis in its shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by the shareholder of its shares. A shareholders tax basis cannot go below zero and any return of capital distributions in excess of a shareholders tax basis will be treated as capital gain.
Ordinarily, shareholders are required to take taxable distributions by the Fund into account in the year in which the distributions are made. However, for federal income tax purposes, dividends that are declared by the Fund in October, November or December as of a record date in such month and actually paid in January of the following year will be treated as if they were paid on December 31 of the year declared. Therefore, such dividends will generally be taxable to a shareholder in the year declared rather than in the year paid.
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
The amount of distributions payable by the Fund may vary depending on general economic and market conditions, the composition of investments, current management strategy and Fund operating expenses. The Fund will inform shareholders of the tax character of
distributions annually
to facilitate shareholder tax reporting
.
The Fund may elect to retain its net capital gain, in which case the Fund will be taxed thereon (except to the extent of any available capital loss carryovers) at the 35% corporate tax rate. In such a case, it is expected that the Fund also will elect to have shareholders of record on the last day of its taxable year treated as if each received a distribution of its pro rata share of such gain, with the result that each shareholder will be required to report its pro rata share of such gain on its tax return as long-term capital gain, will receive a refundable tax credit for its pro rata share of tax paid by the Fund on the gain, and will increase the tax basis for its shares by an amount equal to the deemed distribution less the tax credit.
Any Fund distribution, other than dividends that are declared by the Fund on a daily basis, will have the effect of reducing the per share net asset value of Fund shares by the amount of the distribution. If a shareholder buys shares when the Fund has unrealized or realized but not yet distributed ordinary income or capital gains, the shareholder will pay full price for the shares and then may receive a portion back as a taxable distribution even though such distribution may economically represent a return of the shareholders investment.
Tax-Exempt Income. Distributions by the Fund of net tax-exempt interest income that are properly reported as exempt-interest dividends may be treated by shareholders as interest excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes under Section 103(a) of the Code. In order for the Fund to be entitled to pay the tax-exempt interest income as exempt-interest dividends to its shareholders, the Fund must satisfy certain requirements, including the requirement that, at the close of each quarter of its taxable year, at least 50% of the value of its total assets consists of obligations the interest on which is exempt from regular federal income tax under Code Section 103(a). Interest on certain municipal obligations may be taxable for purposes of the federal AMT and for state and local purposes. In addition, corporate shareholders must include the full amount of exempt-interest dividends in computing the preference items for the purposes of the AMT. Fund shareholders are required to report tax-exempt interest on their federal income tax returns.
Tax-exempt distributions received from the Fund are taken into account in determining, and may increase, the portion of social security and certain railroad retirement benefits that may be subject to federal income tax. Interest on indebtedness incurred by a shareholder to purchase or carry Fund shares that distributes exempt-interest dividends will not be deductible for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If a shareholder receives exempt interest dividends with respect to any Fund share and if the share is held by the shareholder for six months or less, then any loss on the sale or exchange of the share may, to the extent of the exempt-interest dividends, be disallowed. Furthermore, a portion of any exempt-interest dividend paid by the Fund that represents income derived from certain revenue or private activity bonds held by the Fund may not retain its tax-exempt status in the hands of a shareholder who is a substantial user of a facility financed by such bonds, or a related person thereof. In addition, the receipt of dividends and distributions from the Fund may affect a foreign corporate shareholders federal branch profits tax liability and the federal excess net passive income tax liability of a shareholder of a Subchapter S corporation. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors as to whether they are (i) substantial users with respect to a facility or related to such users within the meaning of the Code or (ii) subject to a federal alternative minimum tax, the federal branch profits tax, or the federal excess net passive income tax.
Qualified Dividend Income.
Qualified dividend income received by an individual is taxed at the rates applicable to long-term capital gain (
currently
at a maximum rate of 20
% plus a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax).
In order for a dividend received by Fund shareholders to be qualified dividend income, the Fund must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the dividend-paying stock in its portfolio and the shareholder must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the Funds shares. A dividend will not be treated as qualified dividend income (at either the Fund or shareholder level) (1) if the dividend is received with respect to any share of stock held for fewer than 61 days during the 121-day period beginning at the date which is 60 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (or, in the case of certain preferred stock, 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date), (2) to the extent that the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property, (3) if the recipient elects to have the dividend income treated as investment interest, or (4) if the dividend is received from a foreign corporation that is (a) not eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the U.S. (with the exception of dividends paid on stock of such a foreign corporation readily tradable on an established securities market in the U.S.) or (b) treated as a passive foreign investment company.
Payments in lieu of dividends, such as payments pursuant to securities lending arrangements, also do not qualify to be treated as qualified dividend income.
In general, distributions of investment income reported by the Fund as derived from qualified dividend income will be treated as qualified dividend income by a shareholder taxed as an individual
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
provided the shareholder meets the holding period and other requirements described above with respect to the Funds shares. In any event, if the aggregate qualified dividends received by the Fund during any taxable year are 95% or more of its gross income, then 100% of the Funds dividends (other than properly reported capital gain dividends) will be eligible to be treated as qualified dividend income. For this purpose, the only gain with respect to the sale of stocks and securities included in the term gross income is the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss.
Dividends Received Deduction for Corporations. A portion of distributions made by the Fund which are derived from dividends from U.S. corporations may qualify for the dividends-received deduction (DRD) for corporations. The DRD is reduced to the extent the Fund shares with respect to which the dividends are received are treated as debt-financed under the Code and is eliminated if the shares are deemed to have been held for less than a minimum period, generally more than 45 days during the 91-day period beginning 45 days before the ex-dividend date or if the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property. Receipt of certain distributions qualifying for the DRD may result in reduction of the tax basis of the corporate shareholders shares. Distributions eligible for the DRD may give rise to or increase the alternative minimum tax for certain corporations. Payments in lieu of dividends, such as payments pursuant to securities lending arrangements, also do not qualify for the DRD.
Recognition of Unrelated Business Taxable Income by Tax-Exempt Shareholders.
Under current law, tax-exempt investors generally will not recognize unrelated business taxable income (UBTI) from distributions from the Fund. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a tax-exempt shareholder could recognize UBTI if shares in the Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of a tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of Code section 514(b). In addition, certain types of income received by the Fund from REITs, real estate mortgage investment conduits (REMICs), taxable mortgage pools or other investments may cause the Fund to designate some or all of its distributions as excess inclusion income. To Fund shareholders such excess inclusion income may: (1) constitute taxable income as UBTI for those shareholders who would otherwise be tax-exempt such as individual retirement accounts,
employer sponsored retirement
plans and certain charitable entities; (2) not be offset by otherwise allowable deductions for tax purposes; (3) not be eligible for reduced U.S. withholding for non-U.S. shareholders even from tax treaty countries; and (4) cause the Fund to be subject to tax if certain disqualified organizations as defined by the Code are Fund shareholders.
Redemption or Exchange of Fund Shares. Generally, upon sale or exchange of Fund shares, a shareholder will realize a taxable gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized and the basis in the shares. Such gain or loss will be treated as capital gain or loss if the shares are capital assets in the shareholders hands, and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the shares are held for more than one year, and short-term capital gain or loss if the shares are held for one year or less.
Any loss realized upon the sale or exchange of Fund shares with a tax holding period of six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any distributions treated as long-term capital gain with respect to such shares. In addition, all or a portion of a loss realized on a redemption or other disposition of Fund shares may be disallowed under wash sale rules to the extent the shareholder acquired other shares of the same Fund (whether through the reinvestment of distributions or otherwise) within the period beginning 30 days before the redemption of the loss shares and ending 30 days after such date. Any disallowed loss will result in an adjustment to the shareholders tax basis in some or all of the other shares acquired.
Sales charges paid upon a purchase of shares subject to a front-end sales charge cannot be taken into account for purposes of determining gain or loss on a redemption or exchange of the shares before the 91st day after their purchase to the extent a sales charge is reduced or eliminated in a subsequent acquisition of Fund shares (or shares of another fund) on or before January 31 of the following calendar year pursuant to the reinvestment or exchange privilege. Any disregarded amounts will result in an adjustment to the shareholders tax basis in some or all of any other shares acquired.
Applicability of Medicare Contribution Tax.
The Code imposes a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax on unearned income of certain U.S. individuals, estates and trusts. For individuals, the tax is on the lesser of the net investment income and the excess of modified adjusted gross income over $200,000 (or $250,000 if married filing jointly). Net investment income includes, among other things, interest, dividends, and gross income and capital gains derived from passive activities and trading in securities or commodities. Net investment income is reduced by deductions properly allocable to this income.
Back-Up Withholding for U.S. Shareholders. Amounts paid by the Fund to individuals and certain other shareholders who have not provided the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification number (TIN) and certain certifications required by the IRS as well as shareholders with respect to whom the Fund has received certain information from the IRS or a broker, may be subject to backup withholding of federal income tax arising from the Funds taxable dividends and other distributions as well as the proceeds of redemption transactions (including repurchases and exchanges), at a rate of 28%. An individuals TIN is generally
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his or her social security number. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amount withheld may be credited against a shareholders U.S. federal income tax liability.
Taxation of Foreign Shareholders. In general, dividends (other than capital gain dividends and exempt-interest dividends) paid to a shareholder that is not a U.S. person within the meaning of the Code (a foreign person or foreign shareholder) are subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate). The withholding tax does not apply to regular dividends paid to a foreign person who provides a Form W-8ECI, certifying that the dividends are effectively connected with the foreign persons conduct of a trade or business within the United States. Instead, the effectively connected dividends will be subject to regular U.S. income tax as if the foreign person were a U.S. shareholder. A non-U.S. corporation receiving effectively connected dividends may also be subject to additional branch profits tax imposed at a rate of 30% (or lower treaty rate). A foreign person who fails to provide an IRS Form W-8BEN or other applicable form may be subject to backup withholding at the appropriate rate. A foreign shareholder would generally be exempt from U.S. federal income tax, including withholding tax, on gains realized on the sale of shares of the Fund, net capital gain dividends, exempt interest dividends, and amounts retained by the Fund that are reported as undistributed capital gains.
For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2014, properly reported dividends are generally exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax where they (i) are paid in respect of the Funds qualified net interest income (generally, the Funds U.S. source interest income, other than certain contingent interest and interest from obligations of a corporation or partnership in which the Fund is at least a 10% shareholder, reduced by expenses that are allocable to such income) or (ii) are paid in respect of the Funds qualified short-term capital gains (generally, the excess of the Funds net short-term capital gain over the Funds long-term capital loss for such taxable year). However, depending on its circumstances, the Fund may report all, some or none of its potentially eligible dividends as such qualified net interest income or as qualified short-term capital gains and/or treat such dividends, in whole or in part, as ineligible for this exemption from withholding. In order to qualify for this exemption from withholding, a non-U.S. shareholder would need to comply with applicable certification requirements relating to its non-U.S. status (including, in general, furnishing an IRS Form W-8BEN or substitute Form). In the case of shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary could withhold even if the Fund designates the payment as qualified net interest income or qualified short-term capital gain. Non-U.S. shareholders should contact their intermediaries with respect to the application of these rules to their accounts.
For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2014, distributions that the Fund reports as short-term capital gain dividends or long-term capital gain dividends will not be treated as such to a recipient foreign shareholder if the distribution is attributable to gain from the sale or exchange of U.S. real property or an interest in a U.S. real property holding corporation and the Funds direct or indirect interests in U.S. real property exceeded certain levels. Instead, if the foreign shareholder has not owned more than 5% of the outstanding shares of the Fund at any time during the one year period ending on the date of distribution, such distributions will be subject to 30% withholding by the Fund and will be treated as ordinary dividends to the foreign shareholder; if the foreign shareholder owned more than 5% of the outstanding shares of the Fund at any time during the one year period ending on the date of the distribution, such distribution will be treated as real property gain subject to 35% withholding tax and could subject the foreign shareholder to U.S. filing requirements. The rules described in this paragraph, other than the withholding rules, will apply notwithstanding the Funds participation or a foreign shareholders participation in a wash sale transaction or the payment of a substitute dividend.
Additionally, if the Funds direct or indirect interests in U.S. real property were to exceed certain levels, a foreign shareholder realizing gains upon redemption from the Fund could be subject to the 35% withholding tax and U.S. filing requirements unless the foreign person had not held more than 5% of the Funds outstanding shares throughout either such persons holding period for the redeemed shares or, if shorter, the previous five years, or for sales occurring on or before December 31, 2013, 50% or more of the value of the Funds shares were held by U.S. entities.
The same rules apply with respect to distributions to a foreign shareholder from the Fund and redemptions of a foreign shareholders interest in the Fund attributable to a REITs distribution to the Fund of gain from the sale or exchange of U.S. real property or an interest in a U.S. real property holding corporation, if the Funds direct or indirect interests in U.S. real property were to exceed certain levels. The rule with respect to distributions and redemptions attributable to a REITs distribution to the Fund will not expire for taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2014.
Provided that 50% or more of the value of the Funds stock is held by U.S. shareholders, distributions of U.S. real property interests (including securities in a U.S. real property holding corporation, unless such corporation is regularly traded on an established securities market and the Fund has held 5% or less of the outstanding shares of the corporation during the five-year period ending on the date of distribution) occurring on or before December 31, 2013, in redemption of a foreign shareholders shares of the Fund will cause the Fund to recognize gain. If the Fund is required to recognize gain, the amount of gain
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recognized will be equal to the fair market value of such interests over the Funds adjusted basis to the extent of the greatest foreign ownership percentage of the Fund during the five-year period ending on the date of redemption.
In the case of foreign non-corporate shareholders, the Fund may be required to backup withhold U.S. federal income tax on distributions that are otherwise exempt from withholding tax unless such shareholders furnish the Fund with proper notification of their foreign status.
Shares of the Fund held by a non-U.S. shareholder at death will be considered situated within the United States and subject to the U.S. estate tax.
Compliance with the HIRE Act.
A 30% withholding tax will be imposed on
U.S.-source
dividends
, interest and other income items
paid after
June 30, 2014
, and
proceeds
from the sale of property producing U.S.-source dividends and interest
paid after December 31, 2016, to (i) foreign financial institutions including non-U.S. investment funds unless they agree to collect and disclose to the IRS information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. account holders and (ii) certain other foreign entities, unless they certify certain information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. owners. To avoid withholding, foreign financial institutions will need to either enter into agreements with the IRS that state that they will provide the IRS information, including the names, addresses and taxpayer identification numbers of direct and indirect U.S. account holders, comply with due diligence procedures with respect to the identification of U.S. accounts, report to the IRS certain information with respect to U.S. accounts maintained, agree to withhold tax on certain payments made to non-compliant foreign financial institutions or to account holders who fail to provide the required information, and determine certain other information as to their account holders or, in the event that an applicable intergovernmental agreement and implementing legislation are adopted, agree to provide certain information to other revenue authorities for transmittal to the IRS. Other foreign entities will need to either provide the name, address, and taxpayer identification number of each substantial U.S. owner or certifications of no substantial U.S. ownership unless certain exceptions apply or agree to provide certain information to other revenue authorities for transmittal to the IRS. Non-U.S. shareholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the possible implications of these requirements on their investment in the Fund.
Requirements of Form 8886.
Under Treasury regulations, if a shareholder realizes a loss on disposition of the Funds shares of
at least
$2 million
in any single taxable year
or
$4 million in any combination of taxable years
for an individual shareholder or
at least
$10 million
in any single taxable year
or
$20 million in any combination of taxable years
for a corporate shareholder, the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a RIC are not excepted. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayers treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances. Under certain circumstances, certain tax-exempt entities and their managers may be subject to excise tax if they are parties to certain reportable transactions.
Other Taxes. Dividends, distributions and redemption proceeds may also be subject to additional state, local and foreign taxes depending on each shareholders particular situation.
Changes in Taxation. The taxation of the Fund, the Portfolio, the Subsidiary and shareholders may be adversely affected by future legislation, Treasury regulations, IRS revenue procedures and/or guidance issued by the IRS.
PORTFOLIO SECURITIES TRANSACTIONS
Decisions concerning the execution of portfolio security transactions, including the selection of the market and the broker-dealer firm, are made by the investment adviser
.
Each Portfolio, Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund and Special Equities Fund are responsible for the expenses associated with its portfolio transactions. The investment adviser is also responsible for the execution of transactions for all other accounts managed by it. The investment adviser places the portfolio security transactions for execution with one or more broker-dealer firms. The investment adviser uses its best efforts to obtain execution of portfolio security transactions at prices which in the investment advisers judgment are advantageous to the client and at a reasonably competitive spread or (when a disclosed commission is being charged) at reasonably competitive commission rates. In seeking such execution, the investment adviser will use its best judgment in evaluating the terms of a transaction, and will give consideration to various relevant factors, including without limitation the full range and quality of the broker-dealer firms services,
responsiveness of the firm to the investment adviser, the size and type of the transaction, the nature and character of the market for the security, the confidentiality, speed and certainty of effective execution required for the transaction, the general execution and operational capabilities of the broker-dealer firm, the reputation, reliability, experience and financial condition of the firm, the value and quality of the services rendered by the firm in
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this and other transactions, and the amount of the spread or commission, if any. In addition, the investment adviser may consider the receipt of Research Services (as defined below), provided it does not compromise the investment advisers obligation to seek best overall execution for a Portfolio, Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund and Special Equities Fund. The investment adviser may engage in portfolio brokerage transactions with a broker-dealer firm that sells shares of Eaton Vance funds, provided such transactions are not directed to that firm as compensation for the promotion or sale of such shares.
Transactions on stock exchanges and other agency transactions involve the payment of negotiated brokerage commissions. Such commissions vary among different broker-dealer firms, and a particular broker-dealer may charge different commissions according to such factors as the difficulty and size of the transaction and the volume of business done with such broker-dealer. Transactions in foreign securities often involve the payment of brokerage commissions, which may be higher than those in the United States. There is generally no stated commission in the case of securities traded in the over-the-counter markets including transactions in fixed-income securities which are generally purchased and sold on a net basis (i.e., without commission) through broker-dealers and banks acting for their own account rather than as brokers. Such firms attempt to profit from such transactions by buying at the bid price and selling at the higher asked price of the market for such obligations, and the difference between the bid and asked price is customarily referred to as the spread. Fixed-income transactions may also be transactions directly with the issuer of the obligations. In an underwritten offering the price paid often includes a disclosed fixed commission or discount retained by the underwriter or dealer. Although spreads or commissions paid on portfolio security transactions will, in the judgment of the investment adviser, be reasonable in relation to the value of the services provided, commissions exceeding those which another firm might charge may be paid to broker-dealers who were selected to execute transactions on behalf of the investment advisers clients in part for providing brokerage and research services to the investment adviser.
Pursuant to the safe harbor provided in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Section 28(e)), a broker or dealer who executes a portfolio transaction on behalf of the investment adviser client may receive a commission that is in excess of the amount of commission another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction if the investment adviser determines in good faith that such compensation was reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided. This determination may be made on the basis of either that particular transaction or on the basis of the overall responsibility which the investment adviser and its affiliates have for accounts over which they exercise investment discretion. Research Services as used herein includes any and all brokerage and research services to the extent permitted by Section 28(e). Generally, Research Services may include, but are not limited to, such matters as research, analytical and quotation services, data, information and other services products and materials which assist the investment adviser in the performance of its investment responsibilities. More specifically, Research Services may include general economic, political, business and market information, industry and company reviews, evaluations of securities and portfolio strategies and transactions, technical analysis of various aspects of the securities markets, recommendations as to the purchase and sale of securities and other portfolio transactions, certain financial, industry and trade publications, certain news and information services, and certain research oriented computer software, data bases and services. Any particular Research Service obtained through a broker-dealer may be used by the investment adviser in connection with client accounts other than those accounts which pay commissions to such broker-dealer. Any such Research Service may be broadly useful and of value to the investment adviser in rendering investment advisory services to all or a significant portion of its clients, or may be relevant and useful for the management of only one clients account or of a few clients accounts, or may be useful for the management of merely a segment of certain clients accounts, regardless of whether any such account or accounts paid commissions to the broker-dealer through which such Research Service was obtained. The investment adviser evaluates the nature and quality of the various Research Services obtained through broker-dealer firms and may attempt to allocate sufficient portfolio security transactions to such firms to ensure the continued receipt of Research Services which the investment adviser believes are useful or of value to it in rendering investment advisory services to its clients. The investment adviser may also receive brokerage and Research Services from underwriters and dealers in fixed-price offerings.
Research Services provided by (and produced by) broker-dealers that execute portfolio transactions or from affiliates of executing broker-dealers are referred to as Proprietary Research. The investment adviser may and does consider the receipt of Proprietary Research Services as a factor in selecting broker dealers to execute client portfolio transactions, provided it does not compromise the investment advisers obligation to seek best overall execution. The investment adviser also may consider the receipt of Research Services under so called client commission arrangements or commission sharing arrangements (both referred to as CCAs) as a factor in selecting broker dealers to execute transactions, provided it does not compromise the investment advisers obligation to seek best overall execution. Under a CCA arrangement, the investment adviser may cause client accounts to effect transactions through a broker-dealer and request that the broker-dealer allocate a portion of the commissions paid on those transactions to a pool of commission credits that are paid to other firms that provide Research Services to the investment adviser. Under a CCA, the broker-dealer that provides the Research Services need not execute the trade. Participating in CCAs may enable the investment adviser to consolidate payments for research using accumulated client commission credits from
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transactions executed through a particular broker-dealer to periodically pay for Research Services obtained from and provided by other firms, including other broker-dealers that supply Research Services. The investment adviser believes that CCAs offer the potential to optimize the execution of trades and the acquisition of a variety of high quality Research Services that the investment adviser might not be provided access to absent CCAs. The investment adviser will only enter into and utilize CCAs to the extent permitted by Section 28(e).
The investment companies sponsored by the investment adviser or its affiliates also may allocate brokerage commissions to acquire information relating to the performance, fees and expenses of such companies and other investment companies, which information is used by the members of the Board of such companies to fulfill their responsibility to oversee the quality of the services provided to various entities, including the investment adviser, to such companies. Such companies may also pay cash for such information.
Securities considered as investments for a Portfolio, Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund or Special Equities Fund may also be appropriate for other investment accounts managed by the investment adviser or its affiliates. Whenever decisions are made to buy or sell securities by a Portfolio, Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund or Special Equities Fund and one or more of such other accounts simultaneously, the investment adviser will allocate the security transactions (including new issues) in a manner which it believes to be equitable under the circumstances. As a result of such allocations, there may be instances where a Portfolio, Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund or Special Equities Fund will not participate in a transaction that is allocated among other accounts. If an aggregated order cannot be filled completely, allocations will generally be made on a pro rata basis. An order may not be allocated on a pro rata basis where, for example: (i) consideration is given to portfolio managers who have been instrumental in developing or negotiating a particular investment; (ii) consideration is given to an account with specialized investment policies that coincide with the particulars of a specific investment; (iii) pro rata allocation would result in odd-lot or de minimis amounts being allocated to a portfolio or other client; or (iv) where the investment adviser reasonably determines that departure from a pro rata allocation is advisable. While these aggregation and allocation policies could have a detrimental effect on the price or amount of the securities available to a Portfolio, Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund or Special Equities Fund from time to time, it is the opinion of the members of the Board that the benefits from the investment adviser organization outweigh any disadvantage that may arise from exposure to simultaneous transactions.
The following table shows brokerage commissions paid during the periods indicated in the table, as well as the amount of Portfolio, Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund and Special Equities Fund security transactions for the most recent fiscal year (if any) that were directed to firms that provided some Research Services to the investment adviser or its affiliates (see above), and the commissions paid in connection therewith.
|
Brokerage Commissions Paid for the Fiscal Year Ended |
Amount of Transactions
|
Commissions Paid on Transactions
|
||
Fund/Portfolio |
2013 |
2012 |
2011 |
2013 |
2013 |
Dividend Builder Portfolio |
$876,691 (1) |
$1,325,685 (1) |
$1,803,066 |
$1,155,822,707 |
$721,156 |
|
178,106 |
193,027 (2) |
151,581 |
291,956,018 |
138,153 |
Large-Cap Growth Portfolio |
77,642 |
75,727 (1) |
167,337 |
131,533,635 |
56,331 |
Large-Cap Value Portfolio |
5,379,268 (3) |
7,617,276 |
10,197,673 |
7,455,629,898 |
4,288,921 |
Real Estate Fund |
9,591 (1) |
19,018 (4) |
4,033 |
17,944,723 |
9,591 |
Small-Cap Fund |
165,201 (1) |
220,919 |
255,945 |
171,509,157 |
154,405 |
Small-Cap Value Fund |
36,037 |
33,827 |
42,502 |
31,229,252 |
34,035 |
Special Equities Fund |
43,976 (1) |
51,877 (1) |
84,528 |
64,224,359 |
40,516 |
(1)
Brokerage commissions paid for the period were lower due to less trading activity and lower portfolio turnover.
(2)
Brokerage commissions paid for the period were higher due to higher portfolio turnover.
(3)
Brokerage commissions paid for the period were
lower due to a decrease in assets under management
.
(4)
Brokerage commissions paid for the period were higher due to an increase in the number and dollar amount of portfolio transactions.
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During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, each Portfolio, Real Estate Fund, Small-Cap Fund, Small-Cap Value Fund and Special Equities Fund held securities of its or its corresponding Funds regular brokers or dealers, as that term is defined in Rule 10b-1 of the 1940 Act, the value of such securities was:
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The audited financial statements of, and the report of the independent registered public accounting firm for each Fund appear in its annual report to shareholders and are incorporated by reference into this SAI. A copy of each annual report accompanies this SAI.
Householding. Consistent with applicable law, duplicate mailings of shareholder reports and certain other Fund information to shareholders residing at the same address may be eliminated.
Registrant incorporates by reference the audited financial information and the reports of the independent registered public accounting firm for the Funds and the Portfolios listed below for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, as previously filed electronically with the SEC:
Eaton Vance Balanced Fund
Eaton Vance Dividend Builder Fund
Dividend Builder Portfolio
Eaton Vance Large-Cap Growth Fund
Large-Cap Growth Portfolio
Eaton Vance Large-Cap Value Fund
Large-Cap Value Portfolio
Eaton Vance Real Estate Fund
Eaton Vance Small-Cap Fund
Eaton Vance Small-Cap Value Fund
Eaton Vance Special Equities Fund
(Accession No. 0001193125-14-069367)
Eaton Vance Large-Cap Core Research Fund
Large-Cap Core Research Portfolio
(Accession No. 0001193125-14-076126)
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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
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Borrowing for Temporary Purposes |
The Fund may borrow for temporary purposes (such as to satisfy redemption requests, to remain fully invested in advance of the settlement of share purchases, and to settle transactions). The Fund typically makes any such borrowings pursuant to an umbrella credit facility to which most of the Eaton Vance funds have access. The Funds ability to borrow under the credit facility is subject to its terms and conditions, which in some cases may limit the Funds ability to borrow under the facility. The credit facility is subject to an annual renewal, which cannot be assured. If the Fund does not have the ability to borrow for temporary purposes, it may be required to sell securities at inopportune times to meet short-term liquidity needs. Borrowings involve additional expense to the Fund. |
Build America Bonds |
Build America Bonds are taxable municipal obligations issued pursuant to the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (the Act) or other legislation providing for the issuance of taxable municipal debt on which the issuer receives federal support. Enacted in February 2009, the Act authorizes state and local governments to issue taxable bonds on which, assuming certain specified conditions are satisfied, issuers may either (i) receive reimbursement from the U.S. Treasury with respect to its interest payments on the bonds (direct pay Build America Bonds); or (ii) provide tax credits to investors in the bonds (tax credit Build America Bonds). Unlike most other municipal obligations, interest received on Build America Bonds is subject to federal income tax and may be subject to state income tax. Under the terms of the Act, issuers of direct pay Build America Bonds are entitled to receive reimbursement from the U.S. Treasury currently equal to 35% (or 45% in the case of Recovery Zone Economic Development Bonds) of the interest paid. Holders of tax credit Build America Bonds can receive a federal tax credit currently equal to 35% of the coupon interest received. The Fund may invest in principal only strips of tax credit Build America Bonds, which entitle the holder to receive par value of such bonds if held to maturity. The Fund does not expect to receive (or pass through to shareholders) tax credits as a result of its investments. The federal interest subsidy or tax credit continues for the life of the bonds. Build America Bonds are an alternative form of financing to state and local governments whose primary means for accessing the capital markets has been through issuance of tax-free municipal bonds. Build America Bonds can appeal to a broader array of investors than the high income U.S. taxpayers that have traditionally provided the market for municipal bonds. Build America Bonds may provide a lower net cost of funds to issuers. Pursuant to the terms of the Act, the issuance of Build America Bonds ceased on December 31, 2010. As a result, the availability of such bonds is limited and the market for the bonds and/or their liquidity may be affected. |
Call and Put Features on Obligations |
Issuers of obligations may reserve the right to call (redeem) the obligations. If an issuer redeems an obligation with a call right during a time of declining interest rates, the holder of the obligation may not be able to reinvest the proceeds in securities providing the same investment return as provided by the securities redeemed. Some obligations may have put or demand features that allow early redemption by the holder. Longer term fixed-rate bonds may give the holder a right to request redemption at certain times (often annually after the lapse of an intermediate term). This put or demand feature enhances an obligations liquidity by shortening its effective maturity and enables the security to trade at a price equal to or very close to par. If a demand feature terminates prior to being exercised, the holder of the obligation would be subject to the longer maturity of the obligation, which could experience substantially more volatility. Obligations with a put or demand feature are more defensive than conventional long term bonds (protecting to some degree against a rise in interest rates) while providing greater opportunity than comparable intermediate term bonds, because they can be retained if interest rates decline. |
Cash Equivalents |
Cash equivalents include short term, high quality, U.S. dollar denominated instruments such as commercial paper, certificates of deposit and bankers acceptances issued by U.S. or foreign banks, and Treasury bills and other obligations with a maturity of one year or less, including those issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies and instrumentalities. See U.S. Government Securities below. Certificates of deposit are certificates issued against funds deposited in a commercial bank, are for a definite period of time, earn a specified rate of return, and are normally negotiable. Bankers acceptances are short-term credit instruments used to finance the import, export, transfer or storage of goods. They are termed accepted when a bank guarantees their payment at maturity. |
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Commodity-Related Investments |
The value of commodities investments will generally be affected by overall market movements and factors specific to a particular industry or commodity, which may include weather, embargoes, tariffs, and health, political, international and regulatory developments. Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for commodities, which may reduce market prices and cause the value of Fund shares to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted. Exposure to commodities and commodities markets may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. No active trading market may exist for certain commodities investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such investments. In addition, adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of actively traded commodities investments. Certain types of commodities instruments (such as total return swaps and commodity-linked notes) are subject to the risk that the counterparty to the instrument will not perform or will be unable to perform in accordance with the terms of the instrument. To the extent commodity-related investments are held through the Subsidiary, the Subsidiary is not subject to U.S. laws (including securities laws) and their protections. The Subsidiary is subject to the laws of the Cayman Islands, a foreign jurisdiction, and can be affected by developments in that jurisdiction. |
|
Certain commodities are subject to limited pricing flexibility because of supply and demand factors. Others are subject to broad price fluctuations as a result of the volatility of the prices for certain raw materials and the instability of supplies of other materials. These additional variables may create additional investment risks and result in greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. The commodities that underlie commodity futures contracts and commodity swaps may be subject to additional economic and non-economic variables, such as drought, floods, weather, livestock disease, embargoes, tariffs, and international economic, political and regulatory developments. Unlike the financial futures markets, in the commodity futures markets there are costs of physical storage associated with purchasing the underlying commodity. The price of the commodity futures contract will reflect the storage costs of purchasing the physical commodity, including the time value of money invested in the physical commodity. To the extent that the storage costs for an underlying commodity change while the Fund is invested in futures contracts on that commodity, the value of the futures contract may change proportionately. |
|
In the commodity futures markets, producers of the underlying commodity may decide to hedge the price risk of selling the commodity by selling futures contracts today to lock in the price of the commodity at delivery tomorrow. In order to induce speculators to purchase the other side of the same futures contract, the commodity producer generally must sell the futures contract at a lower price than the expected future spot price. Conversely, if most hedgers in the futures market are purchasing futures contracts to hedge against a rise in prices, then speculators will only sell the other side of the futures contract at a higher futures price than the expected future spot price of the commodity. The changing nature of the hedgers and speculators in the commodity markets will influence whether futures prices are above or below the expected future spot price, which can have significant implications for the Fund. If the nature of hedgers and speculators in futures markets has shifted when it is time for the Fund to reinvest the proceeds of a maturing contract in a new futures contract, the Fund might reinvest at higher or lower futures prices, or choose to pursue other investments. |
Common Stocks |
Common stock represents an equity ownership interest in the issuing corporation. Holders of common stock generally have voting rights in the issuer and are entitled to receive common stock dividends when, as and if declared by the corporations board of directors. Common stock normally occupies the most subordinated position in an issuers capital structure. Returns on common stock investments consist of any dividends received plus the amount of appreciation or depreciation in the value of the stock. |
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|
Although common stocks have historically generated higher average returns than fixed-income securities over the long term and particularly during periods of high or rising concerns about inflation, common stocks also have experienced significantly more volatility in returns and may not maintain their real value during inflationary periods. An adverse event, such as an unfavorable earnings report, may depress the value of a particular common stock. Also, the prices of common stocks are sensitive to general movements in the stock market and a drop in the stock market may depress the price of common stocks. Common stock prices fluctuate for many reasons, including changes in investors perceptions of the financial condition of an issuer or the general condition of the relevant stock market, or when political or economic events affecting the issuer occur. In addition, common stock prices may be sensitive to rising interest rates as the costs of capital rise and borrowing costs increase. |
Convertible Securities |
A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note, preferred security, or other security that entitles the holder to acquire common stock or other equity securities of the same or a different issuer. A convertible security entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on debt or the dividend paid on preferred securities until the convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Before conversion, convertible securities have characteristics similar to nonconvertible income securities in that they ordinarily provide a stable stream of income with generally higher yields than those of common stocks of the same or similar issuers, but lower yields than comparable nonconvertible securities. The value of a convertible security is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other factors also may have an effect on the convertible securitys investment value. A convertible security ranks senior to common stock in a corporations capital structure but is usually subordinated to comparable nonconvertible securities. Convertible securities may be purchased for their appreciation potential when they yield more than the underlying securities at the time of purchase or when they are considered to present less risk of principal loss than the underlying securities. Generally speaking, the interest or dividend yield of a convertible security is somewhat less than that of a non-convertible security of similar quality issued by the same company. A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible securitys governing instrument. |
|
Convertible securities are issued and traded in a number of securities markets. Even in cases where a substantial portion of the convertible securities held by the Fund are denominated in U.S. dollars, the underlying equity securities may be quoted in the currency of the country where the issuer is domiciled. As a result, fluctuations in the exchange rate between the currency in which the debt security is denominated and the currency in which the share price is quoted will affect the value of the convertible security. With respect to convertible securities denominated in a currency different from that of the underlying equity securities, the conversion price may be based on a fixed exchange rate established at the time the securities are issued, which may increase the effects of currency risk. |
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Holders of convertible securities generally have a claim on the assets of the issuer prior to the common stockholders but may be subordinated to other debt securities of the same issuer. Certain convertible debt securities may provide a put option to the holder, which entitles the holder to cause the securities to be redeemed by the issuer at a premium over the stated principal amount of the debt securities under certain circumstances. |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
51
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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Certain convertible securities may include loss absorption characteristics that make the securities more equity-like. This is particularly true in the financial services sector. While loss absorption language is relatively rare in the convertible securities markets today, it may become more prevalent. One convertible security with loss absorption characteristics is the contingent convertible security (sometimes referred to as a CoCo). These securities provide for mandatory conversion into common stock of the issuer under certain circumstances. The mandatory conversion might be automatically triggered for instance, if a company fails to meet the capital minimum described in the security, the companys regulator makes a determination that the security should convert, or the company receives specified levels of extraordinary public support. Since the common stock of the issuer may not pay a dividend, investors in these instruments could experience a reduced income rate, potentially to zero; and conversion would deepen the subordination of the investor, hence worsening standing in a bankruptcy. In addition, some such instruments have a set stock conversion rate that would cause an automatic write-down of capital if the price of the stock is below the conversion price on the conversion date. In another version of a security with loss absorption characteristics, the liquidation value of the security may be adjusted downward to below the original par value under certain circumstances similar to those that would trigger a CoCo. The write down of the par value would occur automatically and would not entitle the holders to seek bankruptcy of the company. In certain versions of the instruments, the notes will write down to zero under certain circumstances and investors could lose everything, even as the issuer remains in business. |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
52
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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Synthetic convertible securities may include either cash-settled convertibles or manufactured convertibles. Cash-settled convertibles are instruments that are created by the issuer and have the economic characteristics of traditional convertible securities but may not actually permit conversion into the underlying equity securities in all circumstances. As an example, a private company may issue a cash-settled convertible that is convertible into common stock only if the company successfully completes a public offering of its common stock prior to maturity and otherwise pays a cash amount to reflect any equity appreciation. Manufactured convertibles are created by the investment adviser or another party by combining separate securities that possess one of the two principal characteristics of a convertible security, i.e. , fixed-income (fixed-income component) or a right to acquire equity securities (convertibility component). The fixed-income component is achieved by investing in nonconvertible fixed-income securities, such as nonconvertible bonds, preferred securities and money market instruments. The convertibility component is achieved by investing in call options, warrants, or other securities with equity conversion features (equity features) granting the holder the right to purchase a specified quantity of the underlying stocks within a specified period of time at a specified price or, in the case of a stock index option, the right to receive a cash payment based on the value of the underlying stock index. A manufactured convertible differs from traditional convertible securities in several respects. Unlike a traditional convertible security, which is a single security that has a unitary market value, a manufactured convertible is comprised of two or more separate securities, each with its own market value. Therefore, the total market value of such a manufactured convertible is the sum of the values of its fixed-income component and its convertibility component. More flexibility is possible in the creation of a manufactured convertible than in the purchase of a traditional convertible security. Because many corporations have not issued convertible securities, the investment adviser may combine a fixed-income instrument and an equity feature with respect to the stock of the issuer of the fixed-income instrument to create a synthetic convertible security otherwise unavailable in the market. The investment adviser may also combine a fixed-income instrument of an issuer with an equity feature with respect to the stock of a different issuer when the investment adviser believes such a manufactured convertible would better promote the Funds objective than alternative investments. For example, the investment adviser may combine an equity feature with respect to an issuers stock with a fixed-income security of a different issuer in the same industry to diversify the Funds credit exposure, or with a U.S. Treasury instrument to create a manufactured convertible with a higher credit profile than a traditional convertible security issued by that issuer. A manufactured convertible also is a more flexible investment in that its two components may be purchased separately and, upon purchasing the separate securities, combined to create a manufactured convertible. For example, the Fund may purchase a warrant for eventual inclusion in a manufactured convertible while postponing the purchase of a suitable bond to pair with the warrant pending development of more favorable market conditions. The value of a manufactured convertible may respond to certain market fluctuations differently from a traditional convertible security with similar characteristics. For example, in the event the Fund created a manufactured convertible by combining a short-term U.S. Treasury instrument and a call option on a stock, the manufactured convertible would be expected to outperform a traditional convertible of similar maturity that is convertible into that stock during periods when Treasury instruments outperform corporate fixed-income securities and underperform during periods when corporate fixed-income securities outperform Treasury instruments. |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
53
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Credit Linked Securities |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Credit linked securities are issued by a limited purpose trust or other vehicle that, in turn, invests in a derivative instrument or basket of derivative instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps, and other securities in order to provide exposure to certain fixed-income markets. Credit linked securities may be used as a cash management tool in order to gain exposure to a certain market and to remain fully invested when more traditional income producing securities are not available. Like an investment in a bond, investments in credit linked securities represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in the form of distributions) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the security. However, these payments are conditioned on the issuers receipt of payments from, and the issuers potential obligations to, the counterparties to the derivative instruments and other securities in which the issuer invests. An issuer may sell one or more credit default swaps, under which the issuer would receive a stream of payments over the term of the swap agreements provided that no event of default has occurred with respect to the referenced debt obligation upon which the swap is based. If a default occurs, the stream of payments may stop and the issuer would be obligated to pay the counterparty the par (or other agreed upon value) of the referenced debt obligation. This, in turn, would reduce the amount of income and principal that the holder of the credit linked security would receive. Credit linked securities generally will be exempt from registration under the 1933 Act. Accordingly, there may be no established trading market for the securities and they may constitute illiquid investments. |
Derivative Instruments and Related Risks |
Generally, derivatives can be characterized as financial instruments whose performance is derived at least in part from the performance of an underlying reference instrument. Derivative instruments may be acquired in the United States or abroad and include the various types of exchange-traded and over-the-counter (OTC) instruments described herein and other instruments with substantially similar characteristics and risks. Derivative instruments may be based on securities, indices, currencies, commodities, economic indicators and events (referred to as reference instruments). Fund obligations created pursuant to derivative instruments may be subject to the requirements described under Asset Coverage herein. |
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Derivative instruments are subject to a number of risks, including adverse or unexpected movements in the price of the reference instrument, and counterparty, liquidity, tax, correlation and leverage risks. Use of derivative instruments may cause the realization of higher amounts of short-term capital gains (generally taxed at ordinary income tax rates) than if such instruments had not been used. Success in using derivative instruments to hedge portfolio assets depends on the degree of price correlation between the derivative instruments and the hedged asset. Imperfect correlation may be caused by several factors, including temporary price disparities among the trading markets for the derivative instrument, the reference instrument and the Funds assets. To the extent that a derivative instrument is intended to hedge against an event that does not occur, the Fund may realize losses. |
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OTC derivative instruments involve an additional risk in that the issuer or counterparty may fail to perform its contractual obligations. Some derivative instruments are not readily marketable or may become illiquid under adverse market conditions. In addition, during periods of market volatility, a commodity exchange may suspend or limit trading in an exchange-traded derivative instrument, which may make the contract temporarily illiquid and difficult to price. Commodity exchanges may also establish daily limits on the amount that the price of a futures contract or futures option can vary from the previous days settlement price. Once the daily limit is reached, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond the limit. This may prevent the closing out of positions to limit losses. The staff of the SEC takes the position that certain purchased OTC options, and assets used as cover for written OTC options, are illiquid. The ability to terminate OTC derivative instruments may depend on the cooperation of the counterparties to such contracts. For thinly traded derivative instruments, the only source of price quotations may be the selling dealer or counterparty. In addition, certain provisions of the Code limit the use of derivative instruments. Derivatives permit the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, to which its portfolio is exposed in much the same way as the Fund can increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, of its portfolio by making investments in specific securities. There can be no assurance that the use of derivative instruments will benefit the Fund. |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
54
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Direct Investments |
Direct investments include (i) the private purchase from an enterprise of an equity interest in the enterprise in the form of shares of common stock or equity interests in trusts, partnerships, joint ventures or similar enterprises, and (ii) the purchase of such an equity interest in an enterprise from a principal investor in the enterprise. At the time of making a direct investment, the Fund will enter into a shareholder or similar agreement with the enterprise and one or more other holders of equity interests in the enterprise. These agreements may, in appropriate circumstances, provide the ability to appoint a representative to the board of directors or similar body of the enterprise and for eventual disposition of the investment in the enterprise. Such a representative would be expected to monitor the investment and protect the Funds rights in the investment and would not be appointed for the purpose of exercising management or control of the enterprise. |
Diversified Status |
With respect to 75% of its total assets, an investment company that is registered with the SEC as a diversified fund: (1) may not invest more than 5% of its total assets in the securities of any one issuer (except obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities and securities of other investment companies); and (2) may not own more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer. |
Dividend Capture Trading |
In a dividend capture trade, the Fund sells a stock that has gone ex-dividend to purchase another stock paying a dividend before the next dividend of the stock being sold. The use of a dividend capture trading strategy exposes the Fund to higher portfolio turnover, increased trading costs and potential for capital loss or gain, particularly in the event of significant short-term price movements of stocks subject to dividend capture trading. |
Duration |
Duration measures the time-weighted expected cash flows of a fixed-income security, which can determine its sensitivity to changes in the general level of interest rates. Securities with longer durations generally tend to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than securities with shorter durations. A mutual fund with a longer dollar-weighted average duration generally can be expected to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than a fund with a shorter dollar-weighted average duration. Duration differs from maturity in that it considers a securitys coupon payments in addition to the amount of time until the security matures. Various techniques may be used to shorten or lengthen Fund duration. As the value of a security changes over time, so will its duration. The duration of a Fund that invests in multiple Portfolios is the sum of its allocable share of the duration of each of the Portfolios in which it invests, which is determined by multiplying the Portfolios duration by the Funds percentage ownership of that Portfolio. |
Emerging Market Investments |
The risks described under Foreign Investments herein generally are heightened in connection with investments in emerging markets. Also, investments in securities of issuers domiciled in countries with emerging capital markets may involve certain additional risks that do not generally apply to investments in securities of issuers in more developed capital markets, such as (i) low or non-existent trading volume, resulting in a lack of liquidity and increased volatility in prices for such securities, as compared to securities of comparable issuers in more developed capital markets; (ii) uncertain national policies and social, political and economic instability, increasing the potential for expropriation of assets, confiscatory taxation, high rates of inflation or unfavorable diplomatic developments; (iii) possible fluctuations in exchange rates, differing legal systems and the existence or possible imposition of exchange controls, custodial restrictions or other foreign or U.S. governmental laws or restrictions applicable to such investments; (iv) national policies that may limit investment opportunities, such as restrictions on investment in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to national interests; and (v) the lack or relatively early development of legal structures governing private and foreign investments and private property. Trading practices in emerging markets also may be less developed, resulting in inefficiencies relative to trading in more developed markets, which may result in increased transaction costs. |
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Repatriation of investment income, capital and proceeds of sales by foreign investors may require governmental registration and/or approval in emerging market countries. There can be no assurance that repatriation of income, gain or initial capital from these countries will occur. In addition to withholding taxes on investment income, some countries with emerging markets may impose differential capital gains taxes on foreign investors. |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
55
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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Political and economic structures in emerging market countries may undergo significant evolution and rapid development, and these countries may lack the social, political and economic stability characteristic of more developed countries. In such a dynamic environment, there can be no assurance that any or all of these capital markets will continue to present viable investment opportunities. In the past, governments of such nations have expropriated substantial amounts of private property, and most claims of the property owners have never been fully settled. There is no assurance that such expropriations will not reoccur. In such an event, it is possible that the entire value of an investment in the affected market could be lost. In addition, unanticipated political or social developments may affect the value of investments in these countries and the availability of additional investments. The small size and inexperience of the securities markets in certain of these countries and the limited volume of trading in securities in these countries may make investments in the countries illiquid and more volatile than investments in developed markets. |
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Also, there may be less publicly available information about issuers in emerging markets than would be available about issuers in more developed capital markets, and such issuers may not be subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and requirements comparable to those to which U.S. companies are subject. In certain countries with emerging capital markets, reporting standards vary widely. As a result, traditional investment measurements used in the United States, such as price/earnings ratios, may not be applicable. Certain emerging market securities may be held by a limited number of persons. This may adversely affect the timing and pricing of the acquisition or disposal of securities. The prices at which investments may be acquired may be affected by trading by persons with material non-public information and by securities transactions by brokers in anticipation of transactions in particular securities. |
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Practices in relation to settlement of securities transactions in emerging markets involve higher risks than those in developed markets, in part because brokers and counterparties in such markets may be less well capitalized, and custody and registration of assets in some countries may be unreliable. The possibility of fraud, negligence, undue influence being exerted by the issuer or refusal to recognize ownership exists in some emerging markets. As an alternative to investing directly in emerging markets, exposure may be obtained through derivative investments. |
Equity Investments |
Equity investments include common and preferred stocks (see Preferred Securities); depositary receipts; equity interests in trusts, partnerships, joint ventures and other unincorporated entities or enterprises; convertible preferred securities and other convertible debt instruments; and rights and warrants. |
Equity Linked Securities |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Equity linked securities are privately issued securities whose investment results are designed to correspond generally to the performance of a specified stock index or basket of securities, or sometimes a single stock. These securities are used for many of the same purposes as derivative instruments and share many of the same risks. Equity linked securities may be considered illiquid and thus subject to the Funds restrictions on investments in illiquid securities. |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
56
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Events Regarding FNMA and FHLMC |
The value of FNMA and FHLMC securities fell sharply in 2008 due to concerns that these agencies did not have sufficient capital to offset losses. In mid-2008, the U.S. Treasury Department was authorized to increase the size of home loans that FNMA and FHLMC could purchase in certain residential areas and, until 2009, to lend FNMA and FHLMC emergency funds and to purchase the companies stock. In September 2008, the U.S. Treasury Department announced that FNMA and FHLMC had been placed in conservatorship by the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA), a newly created independent regulator. In connection with the conservatorship, the U.S. Treasury Department entered into Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreements (PSPAs) under which, if the FHFA determines that the liabilities of FNMA and FHLMC have exceeded their assets under generally accepted accounting principles, the U.S. Treasury Department will contribute cash capital to the company in an amount equal to the difference between liabilities and assets. The PSPAs are designed to provide protection to the senior and subordinated debt and the MBS issued by FNMA and FHLMC. On February 18, 2009, the U.S. Treasury Department announced that it was doubling the size of its commitment to each of FNMA and FHLMC under the Senior Preferred Stock Program to $200 billion. The U.S. Treasury Departments obligations under the Senior Preferred Stock Program are for an indefinite period of time for a maximum amount of $200 billion per entity. FNMA and FHLMC are continuing to operate as going concerns while in conservatorship, and each remains liable for all of its obligations, including its guaranty obligations, associated with its mortgage-backed securities. The Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement is intended to enhance each of FNMA and FHLMCs ability to meet its obligations. FHFA has indicated that the conservatorship of each entity will end when the director of FHFA determines that FHFAs plan to restore the entity to a safe and solvent condition has been completed. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Treasury Department initiatives discussed above with respect to the debt and mortgage-backed securities issued by FNMA and FHLMC will be successful. |
Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) |
ETFs are pooled investment vehicles that are designed to provide investment results corresponding to an index. These indexes may be either broad-based, sector or international. ETFs usually are units of beneficial interest in an investment trust or represent undivided ownership interests in a portfolio of securities (or commodities), in each case with respect to a portfolio of all or substantially all of the component securities of, and in substantially the same weighting as, the relevant benchmark index. ETFs are designed to provide investment results that generally correspond to the price and yield performance of the component securities (or commodities) of the benchmark index. ETFs are listed on an exchange and trade in the secondary market on a per-share basis. The values of ETFs are subject to change as the values of their respective component securities (or commodities) fluctuate according to market volatility. Investments in ETFs may not exactly match the performance of a direct investment in the respective indices to which they are intended to correspond due to the temporary unavailability of certain index securities in the secondary market or other extraordinary circumstances, such as discrepancies with respect to the weighting of securities. Typically, the ETF bears its own operational expenses, which are deducted from its assets. To the extent that the Fund invests in ETFs, the Fund must bear these expenses in addition to the expenses of its own operation. |
Exchange-Traded Notes (ETNs) |
ETNs are senior, unsecured, unsubordinated debt securities whose returns are linked to the performance of a particular market benchmark or strategy minus applicable fees. ETNs are traded on an exchange during normal trading hours. However, investors can also hold the ETN until maturity. At maturity, the issuer pays to the investor a cash amount equal to the principal amount, subject to the days market benchmark or strategy factor. |
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ETNs do not make periodic coupon payments or provide principal protection. ETNs are subject to credit risk and the value of the ETN may drop due to a downgrade in the issuers credit rating, despite the underlying market benchmark or strategy remaining unchanged. The value of an ETN may also be influenced by time to maturity, level of supply and demand for the ETN, volatility and lack of liquidity in underlying assets, changes in the applicable interest rates, changes in the issuers credit rating, and economic, legal, political, or geographic events that affect the referenced underlying asset. When the Fund invests in ETNs it will bear its proportionate share of any fees and expenses borne by the ETN. The Funds decision to sell its ETN holdings may be limited by the availability of a secondary market. In addition, although an ETN may be listed on an exchange, the issuer may not be required to maintain the listing and there can be no assurance that a secondary market will exist for an ETN. |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
57
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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ETNs are subject to tax risk. No assurance can be given that the IRS will accept, or a court will uphold, how the Fund characterizes and treats ETNs for tax purposes. Further, the IRS and Congress are considering proposals that would change the timing and character of income and gains from ETNs. |
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An ETN that is tied to a specific market benchmark or strategy may not be able to replicate and maintain exactly the composition and relative weighting of securities, commodities or other components in the applicable market benchmark or strategy. Some ETNs that use leverage can, at times, be relatively illiquid and, thus, they may be difficult to purchase or sell at a fair price. Leveraged ETNs are subject to the same risk as other instruments that use leverage in any form. |
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The market value of ETN shares may differ from that of their market benchmark or strategy. This difference in price may be due to the fact that the supply and demand in the market for ETN shares at any point in time is not always identical to the supply and demand in the market for the securities, commodities or other components underlying the market benchmark or strategy that the ETN seeks to track. As a result, there may be times when an ETN share trades at a premium or discount to its market benchmark or strategy. |
Fixed-Income Securities |
Fixed-income securities are used by issuers to borrow money. Fixed-income securities include bonds, preferred, preference and convertible securities, notes, debentures, asset-backed securities (including those backed by mortgages), loan participations and assignments, equipment lease certificates, equipment trust certificates and conditional sales contracts. Generally, issuers of fixed-income securities pay investors periodic interest and repay the amount borrowed either periodically during the life of the security and/or at maturity. Some fixed-income securities, such as zero coupon bonds, do not pay current interest, but are purchased at a discount from their face values, and values accumulate over time to face value at maturity. The market prices of fixed-income securities fluctuate depending on such factors as interest rates, credit quality and maturity. In general, market prices of fixed-income securities decline when interest rates rise and increase when interest rates fall. Fixed-income securities are subject to risk factors such as sensitivity to interest rate and real or perceived changes in economic conditions, payment expectations, liquidity and valuation. Fixed-income securities with longer maturities (for example, over ten years) are more affected by changes in interest rates and provide less price stability than securities with short-term maturities (for example, one to ten years). Fixed-income securities bear the risk of principal and interest default by the issuer, which will be greater with higher yielding, lower grade securities. During an economic downturn, the ability of issuers to service their debt may be impaired. The rating assigned to a fixed-income security by a rating agency does not reflect assessment of the volatility of the securitys market value or of the liquidity of an investment in the securities. Credit ratings are based largely on the issuers historical financial condition and a rating agencys investment analysis at the time of rating, and the rating assigned to any particular security is not necessarily a reflection of the issuers current financial condition. Credit quality can change from time to time, and recently issued credit ratings may not fully reflect the actual risks posed by a particular high yield security. If relevant to the Fund(s) in this SAI, corporate bond ratings are described in an appendix to the SAI (see the table of contents). While typically paying a fixed rate of income, preferred securities may be considered to be equity securities for purposes of the Funds investment restrictions. |
Foreign Currency Transactions |
As measured in U.S. dollars, the value of assets denominated in foreign currencies may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in foreign currency rates and exchange control regulations. Currency exchange rates can also be affected unpredictably by intervention by U.S. or foreign governments or central banks, or the failure to intervene, or by currency controls or political developments in the United States or abroad. Foreign currency exchange transactions may be conducted on a spot ( i.e. , cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign currency exchange market or through entering into derivative currency transactions (see Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts, Option Contracts, Futures Contracts and Swap Agreements Currency Swaps herein). Currency transactions are subject to the risk of a number of complex political and economic factors applicable to the countries issuing the underlying currencies. Furthermore, unlike trading in most other types of instruments, there is no systematic reporting of last sale information with respect to the foreign currencies underlying the derivative currency transactions. As a result, available information may not be complete. In an over-the-counter trading environment, there are no daily price fluctuation limits. |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
58
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Foreign Investments |
Investing in securities issued by companies whose principal business activities are outside the United States may involve significant risks not present in domestic investments. For example, because foreign companies may not be subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, practices and requirements and regulatory measures comparable to those applicable to U.S. companies, there may be less publicly available information about a foreign company than about a domestic company. Volume and liquidity in most foreign debt markets is less than in the United States and securities of some foreign companies are less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. companies. There is generally less government supervision and regulation of securities exchanges, broker-dealers and listed companies than in the United States. In addition, with respect to certain foreign countries, there is the possibility of nationalization, expropriation or confiscatory taxation, currency blockage, political or social instability, or diplomatic developments, which could affect investments in those countries. Any of these actions could adversely affect securities prices, impair the Funds ability to purchase or sell foreign securities, or transfer the Funds assets or income back to the United States, or otherwise adversely affect Fund operations. In the event of nationalization, expropriation or confiscation, the Fund could lose its entire investment in that country. |
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Other potential foreign market risks include exchange controls, difficulties in valuing securities, defaults on foreign government securities, and difficulties of enforcing favorable legal judgments in foreign courts. Moreover, individual foreign economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as growth of gross national product, reinvestment of capital, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, and balance of payments position. Certain economies may rely heavily on particular industries or foreign capital and are more vulnerable to diplomatic developments, the imposition of economic sanctions against a particular country or countries, changes in international trading patterns, trade barriers, and other protectionist or retaliatory measures. Foreign securities markets, while growing in volume and sophistication, are generally not as developed as those in the United States. Foreign countries may not have the infrastructure or resources to respond to natural and other disasters that interfere with economic activities, which may adversely affect issuers located in such countries. |
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Settlement and clearance procedures in certain foreign markets differ significantly from those in the United States. Payment for securities before delivery may be required and in some countries delayed settlements are customary, which increases the Funds risk of loss. The Fund generally holds its foreign securities and related cash in foreign banks and securities depositories. Some foreign banks and securities depositories may be recently organized or new to the foreign custody business. In addition, there may be limited or no regulatory oversight over their operations. Also, the laws of certain countries may put limits on the Funds ability to recover its assets if a foreign bank, depository or issuer of a security or any of their agents goes bankrupt. Certain countries may require withholding on dividends paid on portfolio securities and on realized capital gains. |
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In addition, it is often more expensive to buy, sell and hold securities in certain foreign markets than in the United States. Foreign brokerage commissions are generally higher than commissions on securities traded in the United States and may be non-negotiable. The fees paid to foreign banks and securities depositories generally are higher than those charged by U.S. banks and depositories. The increased expense of investing in foreign markets reduces the amount earned on investments and typically results in a higher operating expense ratio for the Fund as compared to investment companies that invest only in the United States. |
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Depositary receipts (including American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) and Global Depositary Receipts GDRs)) are certificates evidencing ownership of shares of a foreign issuer and are alternatives to directly purchasing the underlying foreign securities in their national markets and currencies. However, they continue to be subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities. These risks include the political and economic risks of the underlying issuers country, as well as in the case of depositary receipts traded on foreign markets, exchange risk. Depositary receipts may be sponsored or unsponsored. Unsponsored depositary receipts are established without the participation of the issuer. As a result, available information concerning the issuer of an unsponsored depository receipt may not be as current as for sponsored depositary receipts, and the prices of unsponsored depositary receipts may be more volatile than if such instruments were sponsored by the issuer. Unsponsored depositary receipts may involve higher expenses, may not pass through voting or other shareholder rights and they may be less liquid. |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
59
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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Unless otherwise provided in the Prospectus, in determining the domicile of an issuer, the investment adviser may consider the domicile determination of the Funds benchmark index or a leading provider of global indexes and may take into account such factors as where the companys securities are listed, and where the company is legally organized, maintains principal corporate offices and/or conducts its principal operations. |
Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. A forward foreign currency exchange contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. These contracts may be bought or sold to protect against an adverse change in the relationship between currencies or to increase exposure to a particular foreign currency. Cross-hedging may be done by using forward contracts in one currency (or basket of currencies) to hedge against fluctuations in the value of instruments denominated in a different currency (or the basket of currencies and the underlying currency). Use of a different foreign currency (for hedging or non-hedging purposes) magnifies exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. Forward foreign currency exchange contracts are individually negotiated and privately traded so they are dependent upon the creditworthiness of the counterparty. The precise matching of the forward contract amounts and the value of the instruments denominated in the corresponding currencies will not generally be possible. In addition, it may not be possible to hedge against long-term currency changes. |
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When a currency is difficult to hedge or to hedge against the U.S. dollar, the Fund may enter into a forward contract to sell a currency whose changes in value are generally considered to be linked to such currency. Currency transactions can result in losses if the currency being hedged fluctuates in value to a degree or in a direction that is not anticipated. In addition, there is the risk that the perceived linkage between various currencies may not be present or may not be present during the particular time the hedge is in place. If the Fund purchases a bond denominated in a foreign currency with a higher interest rate than is available on U.S. bonds of a similar maturity, the additional yield on the foreign bond could be substantially reduced or lost if the Fund were to enter into a direct hedge by selling the foreign currency and purchasing the U.S. dollar. |
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Some of the forward foreign currency exchange contracts may be classified as non-deliverable forwards (NDFs). NDFs are cash-settled, forward contracts that may be thinly traded. NDFs are commonly quoted for time periods of one month up to two years, and are normally quoted and settled in U.S. dollars, but may be settled in other currencies. They are often used to gain exposure to or hedge exposure to foreign currencies that are not internationally traded. NDFs may also be used to gain or hedge exposure to gold. |
Forward Rate Agreements |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Under a forward rate agreement, the buyer locks in an interest rate at a future settlement date. If the interest rate on the settlement date exceeds the lock rate, the buyer pays the seller the difference between the two rates. If the lock rate exceeds the interest rate on the settlement date, the seller pays the buyer the difference between the two rates. Any such gain received by the Fund would be taxable. These instruments are traded in the OTC market. |
Fund Investing in a Portfolio |
The Board may discontinue the Funds investment in one or more Portfolios if it determines that it is in the best interest of the Fund and its shareholders to do so. In such an event, the Board would consider what action might be taken, including investing Fund assets in another pooled investment entity or retaining an investment adviser to manage Fund assets in accordance with its investment objective(s). The Funds investment performance and expense ratio may be affected if its investment structure is changed or if another Portfolio investor withdraws all or a portion of its investment in the Portfolio. |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
60
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Futures Contracts |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Futures contracts are standardized contracts that obligate a purchaser to take delivery, and a seller to make delivery, of a specific amount of the underlying reference instrument at a specified future date at a specified price. These contracts are traded on exchanges, so that, in most cases, either party can close out its position on the exchange for cash, without delivering the underlying asset. Upon purchasing or selling a futures contract, a purchaser or seller is required to deposit collateral (initial margin). Each day thereafter until the futures position is closed, the purchaser or seller will pay additional margin (variation margin) representing any loss experienced as a result of the futures position the prior day or be entitled to a payment representing any profit experienced as a result of the futures position the prior day. A public market exists in futures contracts covering a number of indexes as well as financial instruments and foreign currencies. It is expected that other futures contracts will be developed and traded in the future. In computing daily net asset value, the Fund will mark to market its open futures positions. The Fund is also required to deposit and maintain margin with respect to put and call options on futures contracts written by it. Futures contracts are traded on exchanges or boards of trade that are licensed by the CFTC and must be executed through a futures commission merchant or brokerage firm that is a member of the relevant exchange or board. |
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Although some futures contracts call for making or taking delivery of the underlying reference instrument, generally these obligations are closed out prior to delivery by offsetting purchases or sales of matching futures contracts (same exchange, underlying security or index, and delivery month). Closing a futures contract sale is effected by purchasing a futures contract for the same aggregate amount of the specific type of financial instrument or commodity with the same delivery date. If an offsetting purchase price is less than the original sale price, the Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is more, the Fund realizes a capital loss. Conversely, if an offsetting sale price is more than the original purchase price, the Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is less, the Fund realizes a capital loss. |
Global Natural Resources Companies |
To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may concentrate its investments in global natural resources companies. |
Health Sciences Companies |
To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may concentrate its investments in health sciences companies. |
High Yield Securities |
High yield securities (commonly referred to as junk bonds) are considered to be of below investment grade quality and generally provide greater income potential and/or increased opportunity for capital appreciation than investments in higher quality debt securities but they also typically entail greater potential price volatility and principal and income risk. High yield securities may be subject to higher risk and include certain corporate debt obligations, higher yielding preferred securities and mortgage-related securities, and securities convertible into the foregoing. They are regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the entitys continuing ability to meet principal and interest payments. Also, their yields and market values may fluctuate more than higher rated securities. Fluctuations in value do not affect the cash income from the securities, but are reflected in the Funds net asset value. The greater risks and fluctuations in yield and value occur, in part, because investors generally perceive issuers of lower rated and unrated securities to be less creditworthy. The secondary market on which high yield securities are traded may be less liquid than the market for higher grade securities. |
Hybrid Instruments |
A hybrid instrument is a type of potentially high-risk derivative that combines a traditional stock, bond, or commodity with an option or forward contract. Generally, the principal amount, amount payable upon maturity or redemption, or interest rate of a hybrid is tied (positively or negatively) to the price of some commodity, currency or securities index or another interest rate or some other economic factor (each a benchmark). The interest rate or (unlike most fixed-income securities) the principal amount payable at maturity of a hybrid security may be increased or decreased, depending on changes in the value of the benchmark. An example of a hybrid instrument is a bond issued by an oil company that pays a small base level of interest with additional interest that accrues in correlation to the extent to which oil prices exceed a certain predetermined level. Such a hybrid instrument would be a combination of a bond and a call option on oil. |
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The risks of investing in hybrid instruments reflect a combination of the risks of investing in securities, options, futures and currencies. An investment in a hybrid instrument may entail significant risks that are not associated with a similar investment in a traditional debt instrument that has a fixed principal amount, is denominated in U.S. dollars or bears interest either at a fixed rate or a floating rate determined by reference to a common, nationally published benchmark. The risks of a particular hybrid instrument will depend upon the terms of the instrument, but may include the possibility of significant changes in the benchmark(s) or the prices of the underlying assets to which the instrument is linked. Such risks generally depend upon factors unrelated to the operations or credit quality of the issuer of the hybrid instrument, which may not be foreseen by the purchaser, such as economic and political events, the supply and demand of the underlying assets and interest rate movements. Hybrid instruments may be highly volatile and their use by the Fund may not be successful. Hybrid instruments may also carry liquidity risk since the instruments are often customized to meet the portfolio needs of a particular investor, and therefore, the number of investors that are willing and able to buy such instruments in the secondary market may be smaller than that for more traditional debt securities. |
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Hybrid instruments may bear interest or pay preferred dividends at below market (or even relatively nominal) rates. Alternatively, hybrid instruments may bear interest at above market rates but bear an increased risk of principal loss (or gain). The latter scenario may result if leverage is used to structure the hybrid instrument. Leverage risk occurs when the hybrid instrument is structured so that a given change in a benchmark or underlying asset is multiplied to produce a greater value change in the hybrid instrument, thereby magnifying the risk of loss as well as the potential for gain. |
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Hybrid instruments are potentially more volatile and carry greater market risks than traditional debt instruments. Depending on the structure of the particular hybrid instrument, changes in a benchmark may be magnified by the terms of the hybrid instrument and have an even more dramatic and substantial effect upon the value of the hybrid instrument. Also, the prices of the hybrid instrument and the benchmark or underlying asset may not move in the same direction or at the same time. |
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Hybrids can be used as an efficient means of pursuing a variety of investment goals, including currency hedging, duration management, and increased total return and creating exposure to a particular market or segment of that market. The value of a hybrid or its interest rate may be a multiple of a benchmark and, as a result, may be leveraged and move (up or down) more steeply and rapidly than the benchmark. These benchmarks may be sensitive to economic and political events, such as commodity shortages and currency devaluations, which cannot be readily foreseen by the purchaser of a hybrid. Under certain conditions, the redemption value of a hybrid could be zero. The purchase of hybrids also exposes the Fund to the credit risk of the issuer of the hybrids. These risks may cause significant fluctuations in the net asset value of the Fund. |
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Certain hybrid instruments may provide exposure to the commodities markets. These are derivative securities with one or more commodity-linked components that have payment features similar to commodity futures contracts, commodity options, or similar instruments. Commodity-linked hybrid instruments may be either equity or debt securities, leveraged or unleveraged, and are considered hybrid instruments because they have both security and commodity-like characteristics. A portion of the value of these instruments may be derived from the value of a commodity, futures contract, index or other economic variable. The Fund will invest only in commodity-linked hybrid instruments that qualify under applicable rules of the CFTC for an exemption from the provisions of the CEA. Certain issuers of structured products such as hybrid instruments may be deemed to be investment companies as defined in the 1940 Act. As a result, the Funds investments in these products may be subject to limits applicable to investments in investment companies and may be subject to restrictions contained in the 1940 Act. |
Illiquid Securities |
Illiquid securities include securities legally restricted as to resale, and may include commercial paper issued pursuant to Section 4(2) of the 1933 Act and securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A thereunder. Section 4(2) and Rule 144A securities may, however, be treated as liquid by the investment adviser pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board, which require consideration of factors such as trading activity, availability of market quotations and number of dealers willing to purchase the security. Even if determined to be liquid, Rule 144A securities may increase the level of portfolio illiquidity if eligible buyers become uninterested in purchasing such securities. |
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It may be difficult to sell illiquid securities at a price representing fair value until such time as the securities may be sold publicly. It also may be more difficult to determine the fair value of such securities for purposes of computing the Funds net asset value. Where registration is required, a considerable period of time may elapse between a decision to sell the securities and the time when the Fund would be permitted to sell. Thus, the Fund may not be able to obtain as favorable a price as that prevailing at the time of the decision to sell. The Fund may incur additional expense when disposing of illiquid securities, including all or a portion of the cost to register the securities. The Fund also may acquire securities through private placements under which it may agree to contractual restrictions on the resale of such securities that are in addition to applicable legal restrictions. Such restrictions might prevent the sale of such securities at a time when such sale would otherwise be desirable. |
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At times, a portion of the Funds assets may be invested in securities as to which the Fund, by itself or together with other accounts managed by the investment adviser and its affiliates, holds a major portion or all of such securities. Under adverse market or economic conditions or in the event of adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer, the Fund could find it more difficult to sell such securities when the investment adviser believes it advisable to do so or may be able to sell such securities only at prices lower than if such securities were more widely held. It may also be more difficult to determine the fair value of such securities for purposes of computing the Funds net asset value. |
Indexed Securities |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Indexed securities are securities that fluctuate in value with an index. The interest rate or, in some cases, the principal payable at the maturity of an indexed security may change positively or inversely in relation to one or more interest rates, financial indices, securities prices or other financial indicators (reference prices). An indexed security may be leveraged to the extent that the magnitude of any change in the interest rate or principal payable on an indexed security is a multiple of the change in the reference price. Thus, indexed securities may decline in value due to adverse market changes in reference prices. Because indexed securities derive their value from another instrument, security or index, they are considered derivative debt securities, and are subject to different combinations of prepayment, extension, interest rate and/or other market risks. Indexed securities may include interest only (IO) and principal only (PO) securities, floating rate securities linked to the Cost of Funds Index (COFI floaters), other lagging rate floating securities, floating rate securities that are subject to a maximum interest rate (capped floaters), leveraged floating rate securities (super floaters), leveraged inverse floating rate securities (inverse floaters), dual index floaters, range floaters, index amortizing notes and various currency indexed notes. Indexed securities may be issued by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities or, if privately issued, collateralized by mortgages that are insured, guaranteed or otherwise backed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. |
Inflation-Indexed (or Inflation-Linked) Bonds |
Inflation-indexed bonds are fixed-income securities the principal value of which is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation. Inflation-indexed bonds are issued by governments, their agencies or instrumentalities and corporations. Two structures are common: The U.S. Treasury and some other issuers use a structure that accrues inflation into the principal value of the bond. Most other issuers pay out the inflation accruals as part of a semiannual coupon. The principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond is adjusted in response to changes in the level of inflation. Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed in the case of U.S. Treasury inflation-indexed bonds, and therefore, the principal amount of such bonds cannot be reduced below par even during a period of deflation. However, the current market value of these bonds is not guaranteed and will fluctuate, reflecting the risk of changes in their yields. In certain jurisdictions outside the United States, the repayment of the original bond principal upon the maturity of an inflation-indexed bond is not guaranteed, allowing for the amount of the bond repaid at maturity to be less than par. The interest rate for inflation-indexed bonds is fixed at issuance as a percentage of this adjustable principal. Accordingly, the actual interest income may both rise and fall as the principal amount of the bonds adjusts in response to movements in the Consumer Price Index. |
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Loan Facility |
Senior Debt Portfolio may employ borrowings and leverage as described in the Prospectus. The Portfolio has entered into a commercial paper program and liquidity facility subject to the terms of an Order of the SEC (Release No. 26320) granting an exemption from Section 18(f)(1) of the 1940 Act. The program, administered by Citicorp North America, Inc., is with certain conduit lenders who issue commercial paper, in an amount up to $640 million through which the Portfolio employs leverage pursuant to its investment guidelines and subject to the risks described in the Prospectus. Under the terms of the program, the Portfolio pays an annual fee equal to 0.65% on its outstanding borrowings for the administration of the program and an annual fee of either 0.35% or 0.45% on the total commitment amount depending on the amount of outstanding borrowings, as well as interest on advances under the program. |
Loans |
Loans may be primary, direct investments or investments in loan assignments or participation interests. A loan assignment represents a portion or the entirety of a loan and a portion of the entirety of a position previously attributable to a different lender. The purchaser of an assignment typically succeeds to all the rights and obligations under the loan agreement and has the same rights and obligations as the assigning investor. However, assignments through private negotiations may cause the purchaser of an assignment to have different and more limited rights than those held by the assigning investor. Loan participation interests are interests issued by a lender or other entity and represent a fractional interest in a loan. The Fund typically will have a contractual relationship only with the financial institution that issued the participation interest. As a result, the Fund may have the right to receive payments of principal, interest and any fees to which it is entitled only from the financial institution and only upon receipt by such entity of such payments from the borrower. In connection with purchasing a participation interest, the Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the borrower with the terms of the loan agreement, nor any rights with respect to any funds acquired by other investors through set-off against the borrower and the Fund may not directly benefit from the collateral supporting the loan in which it has purchased the participation interest. As a result, the Fund may assume the credit risk of both the borrower and the financial institution issuing the participation interest. In the event of the insolvency of the entity issuing a participation interest, the Fund may be treated as a general creditor of such entity. |
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Loans may be originated by a lending agent, such as a financial institution or other entity, on behalf of a group or syndicate of loan investors (the Loan Investors). In such a case, the agent administers the terms of the loan agreement and is responsible for the collection of principal, and interest payments from the borrower and the apportionment of these payments to the Loan Investors. Failure by the agent to fulfill its obligations may delay or adversely affect receipt of payment by the Fund. Furthermore, unless under the terms of a loan agreement or participation (as applicable) the Fund has direct recourse against the borrower, the Fund must rely on the Agent and the other Loan Investors to pursue appropriate remedies against the borrower. |
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Loan investments may be made at par or at a discount or premium to par. The interest payable on a loan may be fixed or floating rate, and paid in cash or in-kind. In connection with transactions in loans, the Fund may be subject to facility or other fees. Loans may be secured by specific collateral or other assets of the borrower, guaranteed by a third party, unsecured or subordinated. During the term of a loan, the value of any collateral securing the loan may decline in value, causing the loan to be under collateralized. Collateral may consist of assets that may not be readily liquidated, and there is no assurance that the liquidation of such assets would satisfy fully a borrowers obligations under the loan. In addition, if a loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become part owner of the collateral and would bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of such collateral. |
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A lenders repayment and other rights primarily are determined by governing loan, assignment or participation documents, which (among other things) typically establish the priority of payment on the loan relative to other indebtedness and obligations of the borrower. In the event of bankruptcy, applicable law may impact a lenders ability to enforce its rights under such documents. Investing in loans involves the risk of default by the borrower or other party obligated to repay the loan. In the event of insolvency of the borrower or other obligated party, the Fund may be treated as a general creditor of such entity unless it has rights that are senior to that of other creditors or secured by specific collateral or assets of the borrower. Fixed-rate loans are also subject to the risk that their value will decline in a rising interest rate environment. This risk is mitigated for floating-rate loans, where the interest rate payable on the loan resets periodically by reference to a base lending rate. The base lending rate usually is the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), the Federal Reserve federal funds rate, the prime rate or other base lending rates used by commercial lenders. LIBOR usually is an average of the interest rates quoted by several designated banks as the rates at which they pay interest to major depositors in the London interbank market on U.S. dollar-denominated deposits. |
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The Fund will take whatever action it considers appropriate in the event of anticipated financial difficulties, default or bankruptcy of the borrower or other entity obligated to repay a loan. Such action may include: (i) retaining the services of various persons or firms (including affiliates of the investment adviser) to evaluate or protect any collateral or other assets securing the loan or acquired as a result of any such event; (ii) managing (or engaging other persons to manage) or otherwise dealing with any collateral or other assets so acquired; and (iii) taking such other actions (including, but not limited to, payment of operating or similar expenses relating to the collateral) as the investment adviser may deem appropriate to reduce the likelihood or severity of loss on the Funds investment and/or maximize the return on such investment. The Fund will incur additional expenditures in taking protective action with respect to loans in (or anticipated to be in) default and assets securing such loans. In certain circumstances, the Fund may receive equity or equity-like securities from a borrower to settle the loan or may acquire an equity interest in the borrower. Representatives of the Fund also may join creditor or similar committees relating to loans. |
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Lenders can be sued by other creditors and the debtor and its shareholders. Losses could be greater than the original loan amount and occur years after the loans recovery. If a borrower becomes involved in bankruptcy proceedings, a court may invalidate the Funds security interest in any loan collateral or subordinate the Funds rights under the loan agreement to the interests of the borrowers unsecured creditors or cause interest previously paid to be refunded to the borrower. There are also other events, such as the failure to perfect a security interest due to faulty documentation or faulty official filings, which could lead to the invalidation of the Funds security interest in loan collateral. If any of these events occur, the Funds performance could be negatively affected. |
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Interests in loans generally are not listed on any national securities exchange or automated quotation system and no active market may exist for many loans, making them illiquid. As described below, a secondary market exists for many Senior Loans, but it may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods. |
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From time to time the investment adviser and its affiliates may borrow money from various banks in connection with their business activities. Such banks may also sell interests in loans to or acquire them from the Fund or may be intermediate participants with respect to loans in which the Fund owns interests. Such banks may also act as agents for loans held by the Fund. |
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To the extent that legislation or state or federal regulators that regulate certain financial institutions impose additional requirements or restrictions with respect to the ability of such institutions to make loans, particularly in connection with highly leveraged transactions, the availability of loans for investment may be adversely affected. Further, such legislation or regulation could depress the market value of loans. |
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For additional disclosures relating to Junior and Senior Loans, see Junior Loans and Senior Loans herein. |
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Master Limited Partnerships (MLPs) |
MLPs are publicly-traded limited partnership interests or units. An MLP that invests in a particular industry (e.g., oil and gas) will be harmed by detrimental economic events within that industry. As partnerships, MLPs may be subject to less regulation (and less protection for investors) under state laws than corporations. In addition, MLPs may be subject to state taxation in certain jurisdictions, which may reduce the amount of income paid by an MLP to its investors. |
Mortgage-Backed Securities (MBS) |
MBS are pass through securities, meaning that a pro rata share of regular interest and principal payments, as well as unscheduled early prepayments, on the underlying mortgage pool is passed through monthly to the holder. MBS may include conventional mortgage pass through securities, participation interests in pools of adjustable and fixed rate mortgage loans, stripped mortgage-backed securities (described herein), floating rate mortgage-backed securities and certain classes of multiple class CMOs. MBS pay principal to the holder over their term, which differs from other forms of debt securities that normally provide for principal payment at maturity or specified call dates. MBS are subject to the general risks associated with investing in real estate securities; that is, they may lose value if the value of the underlying real estate to which a pool of mortgages relates declines. In addition, investments in MBS involve certain specific risks, including the failure of a party to meet its commitments under the related operative documents, adverse interest rate changes and the effects of prepayments on mortgage cash flows. Certain MBS may be purchased on a when-issued basis subject to certain limitations and requirements. |
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There are currently three types of MBS: (1) those issued by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities, such as the Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA), the Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC); (2) those issued by private issuers that represent an interest in or are collateralized by pass through securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities; and (3) those issued by private issuers that represent an interest in or are collateralized by whole mortgage loans or pass through securities without a government guarantee but that usually have some form of private credit enhancement. Privately issued MBS are structured similar to GNMA, FNMA and FHLMC MBS, and are issued by originators or and investors in mortgage loans, including depositary institutions mortgage banks and special purpose subsidiaries of the foregoing. |
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GNMA Certificates and FNMA Mortgage-Backed Certificates are MBS representing part ownership of a pool of mortgage loans. GNMA loans (issued by lenders such as mortgage bankers, commercial banks and savings and loan associations) are either insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the Veterans Administration. A pool of such mortgages is assembled and, after being approved by GNMA, is offered to investors through securities dealers. Once such pool is approved by GNMA, the timely payment of interest and principal on the Certificates issued representing such pool is guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. GNMA is a wholly owned U.S. Government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development. FNMA, a federally chartered corporation owned entirely by private stockholders, purchases both conventional and federally insured or guaranteed residential mortgages from various entities, including savings and loan associations, savings banks, commercial banks, credit unions and mortgage bankers, and packages pools of such mortgages in the form of pass-through securities generally called FNMA Mortgage-Backed Certificates, which are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by FNMA but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government; however, they are supported by the right of FNMA to borrow from the U.S. Treasury Department. |
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FHLMC, a corporate instrumentality of the U.S. Government created by Congress for the purposes of increasing the availability of mortgage credit for residential housing, issues participation certificates (PCs) representing undivided interest in FHLMCS mortgage portfolio. While FHLMC guarantees the timely payment of interest and ultimate collection of the principal of its PCs, its PCs are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. FHLMC PCs differ from GNMA Certificates in that the mortgages underlying the PCs are monthly conventional mortgages rather than mortgages insured or guaranteed by a federal agency or instrumentality. However, in several other respects, such as the monthly pass-through of interest and principal (including unscheduled prepayments) and the unpredictability of future unscheduled prepayments on the underlying mortgage pools, FHLMC PCs are similar to GNMA Certificates. See also Events Regarding FNMA and FHLMC herein. |
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MLOs and participations therein represent a type of financing that may not have the depth of marketability associated with more conventional securities and, as such, they may be less liquid than conventional securities. Certain MLOs may be deemed illiquid for the purpose of the Funds limitation on investments in illiquid securities, unless determined by the investment adviser, pursuant to guidelines adopted by the Board, to be liquid securities. The investment adviser will consider an MLO to be liquid if it is rated investment grade (being an MLO rated BBB or Baa or higher) by a nationally recognized statistical ratings organization or is insured by an insurer rated investment grade. If an MLO or participation does not meet the foregoing criteria, then the investment adviser will consider the MLO to be illiquid unless it conducts an analysis of relevant factors and concludes that the MLO is liquid. In conducting such an analysis, the investment adviser will consider the factors it believes are relevant to the marketability of the obligation, to the extent that information regarding such factor is available to the investment adviser and pertinent to the liquidity determination, which may include: (1) the willingness of dealers to bid for the obligation; (2) the number of dealers willing to purchase or sell the obligation and the number of other potential buyers; (3) the frequency of trades and quotes for the obligation; (4) the nature of the marketplace trades, including the time needed to dispose of the obligation, the method of soliciting offers, and the mechanics of transfer; (5) the willingness of the governmental issuer to continue to appropriate funds for the payment of the obligation; (6) how likely or remote an event of non-appropriation may be, which depends in varying degrees on a variety of factors, including those relating to the general creditworthiness of the governmental issuer, its dependence on its continuing access to the credit markets, and the importance to the issuer of the equipment, property or facility covered by the lease or contract; (7) an assessment of the likelihood that the lease may or may not be cancelled; and (8) other factors and information unique to the obligation in determining its liquidity. |
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The ability of issuers of MLOs to make timely lease payments may be adversely impacted in general economic downturns and as relative governmental cost burdens are allocated and reallocated among federal, state and local governmental units. Such non-payment would result in a reduction of income from and value of the obligation. Issuers of MLOs might seek protection under the bankruptcy laws. In the event of bankruptcy of such an issuer, holders of MLOs could experience delays and limitations with respect to the collection of principal and interest on such MLOs and may not, in all circumstances, be able to collect all principal and interest to which it is entitled. To enforce its rights in the event of a default in lease payments, the Fund might take possession of and manage the assets securing the issuers obligations on such securities or otherwise incur costs to protect its rights, which may increase the Funds operating expenses and adversely affect the net asset value of the Fund. When the lease contains a non-appropriation clause, however, the failure to pay would not be a default and the Fund would not have the right to take possession of the assets. Any income derived from the Funds ownership or operation of such assets may not be tax-exempt. |
Municipal Obligations |
Municipal obligations include debt obligations issued to obtain funds for various public purposes, including the construction of a wide range of public facilities, refunding of outstanding obligations and obtaining funds for general operating expenses and loans to other public institutions and facilities. Certain types of bonds are issued by or on behalf of public authorities to finance various privately owned or operated facilities, including certain facilities for the local furnishing of electric energy or gas, sewage facilities, solid waste disposal facilities and other specialized facilities. Municipal obligations include bonds as well as tax-exempt commercial paper, project notes and municipal notes such as tax, revenue and bond anticipation notes of short maturity, generally less than three years. While most municipal bonds pay a fixed rate of interest semiannually in cash, there are exceptions. Some bonds pay no periodic cash interest, but rather make a single payment at maturity representing both principal and interest. Some bonds may pay interest at a variable or floating rate. Bonds may be issued or subsequently offered with interest coupons materially greater or less than those then prevailing, with price adjustments reflecting such deviation. Municipal obligations also include trust certificates representing interests in municipal securities held by a trustee. The trust certificates may evidence ownership of future interest payments, principal payments or both on the underlying securities. |
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In general, there are three categories of municipal obligations, the interest on which is exempt from federal income tax and is not a tax preference item for purposes of the alternative minimum tax (AMT): (i) certain public purpose obligations (whenever issued), which include obligations issued directly by state and local governments or their agencies to fulfill essential governmental functions; (ii) certain obligations issued before August 8, 1986 for the benefit of non-governmental persons or entities; and (iii) certain private activity bonds issued after August 7, 1986, which include qualified Section 501(c)(3) bonds or refundings of certain obligations included in the second category. Opinions relating to the validity of municipal bonds, exclusion of municipal bond interest from an investors gross income for federal income tax purposes and, where applicable, state and local income tax, are rendered by bond counsel to the issuing authorities at the time of issuance. |
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Interest on certain private activity bonds issued after August 7, 1986 is exempt from regular federal income tax, but such interest (including a distribution by the Fund derived from such interest) is treated as a tax preference item that could subject the recipient to or increase the recipients liability for the AMT. For corporate shareholders, the Funds distributions derived from interest on all municipal obligations (whenever issued) are included in adjusted current earnings for purposes of the AMT as applied to corporations (to the extent not already included in alternative minimum taxable income as income attributable to private activity bonds). |
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The two principal classifications of municipal bonds are general obligation and revenue bonds. Issuers of general obligation bonds include states, counties, cities, towns and regional districts. The proceeds of these obligations are used to fund a wide range of public projects, including the construction or improvement of schools, highways and roads, water and sewer systems and a variety of other public purposes. The basic security of general obligation bonds is the issuers pledge of its faith, credit, and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest. The taxes that can be levied for the payment of debt service may be limited or unlimited as to rate and amount. |
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Typically, the only security for a limited obligation or revenue bond is the net revenue derived from a particular facility or class of facilities financed thereby or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a special tax or other special revenues. Revenue bonds have been issued to fund a wide variety of revenue-producing public capital projects including: electric, gas, water and sewer systems; highways, bridges and tunnels; port and airport facilities; colleges and universities; hospitals; and convention, recreational, tribal gaming and housing facilities. Although the security behind these bonds varies widely, many lower rated bonds provide additional security in the form of a debt service reserve fund that may also be used to make principal and interest payments on the issuer's obligations. In addition, some revenue obligations (as well as general obligations) are insured by a bond insurance company or backed by a letter of credit issued by a banking institution. Revenue bonds also include, for example, pollution control, health care and housing bonds, which, although nominally issued by municipal authorities, are generally not secured by the taxing power of the municipality but by the revenues of the authority derived from payments by the private entity that owns or operates the facility financed with the proceeds of the bonds. Obligations of housing finance authorities have a wide range of security features, including reserve funds and insured or subsidized mortgages, as well as the net revenues from housing or other public projects. Many of these bonds do not generally constitute the pledge of the credit of the issuer of such bonds. The credit quality of such revenue bonds is usually directly related to the credit standing of the user of the facility being financed or of an institution which provides a guarantee, letter of credit or other credit enhancement for the bond issue. The Fund may on occasion acquire revenue bonds that carry warrants or similar rights covering equity securities. Such warrants or rights may be held indefinitely, but if exercised, the Fund anticipates that it would, under normal circumstances, dispose of any equity securities so acquired within a reasonable period of time. Investing in revenue bonds may involve (without limitation) the following risks. |
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Hospital bond ratings are often based on feasibility studies that contain projections of expenses, revenues and occupancy levels. A hospitals income available to service its debt may be influenced by demand for hospital services, management capabilities, the service area economy, efforts by insurers and government agencies to limit rates and expenses, competition, availability and expense of malpractice insurance, and Medicaid and Medicare funding. |
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Education-related bonds are comprised of two types: (i) those issued to finance projects for public and private colleges and universities, charter schools and private schools, and (ii) those representing pooled interests in student loans. Bonds issued to supply educational institutions with funding are subject to many risks, including the risks of unanticipated revenue decline, primarily the result of decreasing student enrollment, decreasing state and federal funding, or changes in general economic conditions. Additionally, higher than anticipated costs associated with salaries, utilities, insurance or other general expenses could impair the ability of a borrower to make annual debt service payments. Student loan revenue bonds are generally offered by state (or sub-state) authorities or commissions and are backed by pools of student loans. Underlying student loans may be guaranteed by state guarantee agencies and may be subject to reimbursement by the United States Department of Education through its guaranteed student loan program. Others may be private, uninsured loans made to parents or students that may be supported by reserves or other forms of credit enhancement. Cash flows supporting student loan revenue bonds are impacted by numerous factors, including the rate of student loan defaults, seasoning of the loan portfolio, and student repayment deferral periods of forbearance. Other risks associated with student loan revenue bonds include potential changes in federal legislation regarding student loan revenue bonds, state guarantee agency reimbursement and continued federal interest and other program subsidies currently in effect. |
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Transportation debt may be issued to finance the construction of airports, toll roads, highways, or other transit facilities. Airport bonds are dependent on the economic conditions of the airports service area and may be affected by the business strategies and fortunes of specific airlines. They may also be subject to competition from other airports and modes of transportation. Air traffic generally follows broader economic trends and is also affected by the price and availability of fuel. Toll road bonds are also affected by the cost and availability of fuel as well as toll levels, the presence of competing roads and the general economic health of an area. Fuel costs, transportation taxes and fees, and availability of fuel also affect other transportation-related securities, as do the presence of alternate forms of transportation, such as public transportation. |
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Industrial development bonds are normally secured only by the revenues from the project and not by state or local government tax payments, they are subject to a wide variety of risks, many of which relate to the nature of the specific project. Generally, IDBs are sensitive to the risk of a slowdown in the economy. Electric utilities face problems in financing large construction programs in an inflationary period, cost increases and delay occasioned by safety and environmental considerations (particularly with respect to nuclear facilities), difficulty in obtaining fuel at reasonable prices, and in achieving timely and adequate rate relief from regulatory commissions, effects of energy conservation and limitations on the capacity of the capital market to absorb utility debt. Water and sewer revenue bonds are generally secured by the fees charged to each user of the service. The issuers of water and sewer revenue bonds generally enjoy a monopoly status and latitude in their ability to raise rates. However, lack of water supply due to insufficient rain, run-off, or snow pack can be a concern and has led to past defaults. Further, public resistance to rate increases, declining numbers of customers in a particular locale, costly environmental litigation, and federal environmental mandates are challenges faced by issuers of water and sewer bonds. |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
71
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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The obligations of any person or entity to pay the principal of and interest on a municipal obligation are subject to the provisions of bankruptcy, insolvency and other laws affecting the rights and remedies of creditors, such as the Federal Bankruptcy Act, and laws, if any, that may be enacted by Congress or state legislatures extending the time for payment of principal or interest, or both, or imposing other constraints upon enforcement of such obligations. Certain bond structures may be subject to the risk that a taxing authority may issue an adverse ruling regarding tax-exempt status. There is also the possibility that as a result of adverse economic conditions (including unforeseen financial events, natural disasters and other conditions that may affect an issuers ability to pay its obligations), litigation or other conditions, the power or ability of any person or entity to pay when due principal of and interest on a municipal obligation may be materially affected or interest and principal previously paid may be required to be refunded. There have been instances of defaults and bankruptcies involving municipal obligations that were not foreseen by the financial and investment communities. The Fund will take whatever action it considers appropriate in the event of anticipated financial difficulties, default or bankruptcy of either the issuer of any municipal obligation or of the underlying source of funds for debt service. Such action may include: (i) retaining the services of various persons or firms (including affiliates of the investment adviser) to evaluate or protect any real estate, facilities or other assets securing any such obligation or acquired by the Fund as a result of any such event; (ii) managing (or engaging other persons to manage) or otherwise dealing with any real estate, facilities or other assets so acquired; and (iii) taking such other actions as the adviser (including, but not limited to, payment of operating or similar expenses of the underlying project) may deem appropriate to reduce the likelihood or severity of loss on the funds investment. The Fund will incur additional expenditures in taking protective action with respect to portfolio obligations in (or anticipated to be in) default and assets securing such obligations. |
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Historically, municipal bankruptcies have been rare and certain provisions of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code governing such bankruptcy are unclear. Further, the application of state law to municipal obligation issuers could produce varying results among the states or among municipal obligation issuers within a state. These uncertainties could have a significant impact on the prices of the municipal obligations in which the Fund invests. There could be economic, business or political developments or court decisions that adversely affect all municipal obligations in the same sector. Developments such as changes in healthcare regulations, environmental considerations related to construction, construction cost increases and labor problems, failure of healthcare facilities to maintain adequate occupancy levels, and inflation can affect municipal obligations in the same sector. As the similarity in issuers of municipal obligations held by the Fund increases, the potential for fluctuations in the Funds share price also may increase. |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
72
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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The secondary market for some municipal obligations issued within a state (including issues that are privately placed with the Fund) is less liquid than that for taxable debt obligations or other more widely traded municipal obligations. No established resale market exists for certain of the municipal obligations in which the Fund may invest. The market for obligations rated below investment grade is also likely to be less liquid than the market for higher rated obligations. As a result, the Fund may be unable to dispose of these municipal obligations at times when it would otherwise wish to do so at the prices at which they are valued. Municipal obligations that are rated below investment grade but that, subsequent to the assignment of such rating, are backed by escrow accounts containing U.S. Government obligations may be determined by the investment adviser to be of investment grade quality for purposes of the Funds investment policies. In the case of a defaulted obligation, the Fund may incur additional expense seeking recovery of its investment. Defaulted obligations are denoted in the Portfolio of Investments in the Financial Statements included in the Funds reports to shareholders. The yields on municipal obligations depend on a variety of factors, including purposes of the issue and source of funds for repayment, general money market conditions, general conditions of the municipal bond market, size of a particular offering, maturity of the obligation and rating of the issue. The ratings of Moodys, S&P and Fitch represent their opinions as to the quality of the municipal obligations which they undertake to rate, and in the case of insurers, other factors including the claims-paying ability of such insurer. It should be emphasized, however, that ratings are based on judgment and are not absolute standards of quality. Consequently, municipal obligations with the same maturity, coupon and rating may have different yields while obligations of the same maturity and coupon with different ratings may have the same yield. In addition, the market price of such obligations will normally fluctuate with changes in interest rates, and therefore the net asset value of the Fund will be affected by such changes. |
Option Contracts |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. An option contract is a contract that gives the holder of the option, in return for a premium, the right to buy from (in the case of a call) or sell to (in the case of a put) the writer of the option the reference instrument underlying the option (or the cash value of the index) at a specified exercise price at any time during the term of the option. The writer of an option on a security has the obligation upon exercise of the option to deliver the reference instrument (or the cash) upon payment of the exercise price or to pay the exercise price upon delivery of the reference instrument (or the cash). Upon exercise of an index option, the writer of an option on an index is obligated to pay the difference between the cash value of the index and the exercise price multiplied by the specified multiplier for the index option. Options may be covered, meaning that the party required to deliver the reference instrument if the option is exercised owns that instrument (or has set aside sufficient assets to meet its obligation to deliver the instrument). Options may be listed on an exchange or traded in the OTC market. In general, exchange-traded options have standardized exercise prices and expiration dates and may require the parties to post margin against their obligations, and the performance of the parties' obligations in connection with such options is guaranteed by the exchange or a related clearing corporation. OTC options have more flexible terms negotiated between the buyer and the seller, but generally do not require the parties to post margin and are subject to counterparty risk. OTC options also involve greater liquidity risk. The staff of the SEC takes the position that certain purchased OTC options, and assets used as cover for written OTC options, are illiquid. Derivatives on economic indicators generally are offered in an auction format and are booked and settled as OTC options. Options on futures contracts are discussed herein under Futures Contracts. |
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If a written option expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital gain equal to the premium received at the time the option was written. If a purchased option expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital loss equal to the premium paid. Prior to the earlier of exercise or expiration, an exchange traded option may be closed out by an offsetting purchase or sale of an option of the same series (type, exchange, reference instrument, exercise price, and expiration). A capital gain will be realized from a closing purchase transaction if the cost of the closing option is less than the premium received from writing the option, or, if it is more, a capital loss will be realized. If the premium received from a closing sale transaction is more than the premium paid to purchase the option, the Fund will realize a capital gain or, if it is less, the Fund will realize a capital loss. The principal factors affecting the market value of a put or a call option include supply and demand, the current market price of the reference instrument in relation to the exercise price of the option, the volatility of the reference instrument, and the time remaining until the expiration date. There can be no assurance that a closing purchase or sale transaction can be consummated when desired. |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
73
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
74
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
The Fund may invest in pooled investment vehicles including other open-end or closed-end investment companies affiliated or unaffiliated with the investment adviser, exchange-traded funds (described herein) and other collective investment pools in accordance with the requirements of the 1940 Act. Closed-end investment company securities are usually traded on an exchange. The demand for a closed-end funds securities is independent of the demand for the underlying portfolio assets, and accordingly, such securities can trade at a discount from, or a premium over, their net asset value. The Fund generally will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any management fees paid by a pooled investment vehicle in which it invests in addition to the investment advisory fee paid by the Fund. |
Portfolio Turnover |
A change in the securities held by the Fund is known as portfolio turnover and generally involves expense to the Fund, including brokerage commissions or dealer markups and other transaction costs on both the sale of securities and the reinvestment of the proceeds in other securities. If sales of portfolio securities cause the Fund to realize net short-term capital gains, such gains will be taxable as ordinary income to taxable shareholders. The Funds portfolio turnover rate for a fiscal year is the ratio of the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio securities to the monthly average of the value of portfolio securities − excluding securities whose maturities at acquisition were one year or less. The Fund's portfolio turnover rate is not a limiting factor when the investment adviser considers a change in the Fund's portfolio holdings. The portfolio turnover rate(s) of the Fund for recent fiscal periods is included in the Financial Highlights in the Prospectus. |
Preferred Securities |
Preferred securities represent an equity ownership interest in the issuing corporation that has a higher claim on the assets and earnings than common stock. Preferred securities generally have a dividend that must be paid out before dividends to common stockholders and the shares usually do not have voting rights. Preferred securities involve credit risk, which is the risk that a preferred security will decline in price, or fail to pay dividends when expected, because the issuer experiences a decline in its financial status. Preferred securities may be convertible to common stock in some cases. While a part of an issuers equity structure, preferred securities may be deemed to be fixed-income securities for purposes of the Funds investment restrictions. |
Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) |
Securities of companies in the real estate industry, such as REITs, are sensitive to factors, such as changes in: real estate values, property taxes, interest rates, cash flow of underlying real estate assets, occupancy rates, government regulations affecting zoning, land use, and rents, and the management skill and creditworthiness of the issuer. Companies in the real estate industry may also be subject to liabilities under environmental and hazardous waste laws, among others. Changes in underlying real estate values may have a magnified effect to the extent that REITs concentrate investments in particular geographic regions or property types. Investments in REITs may also be adversely affected by rising interest rates. By investing in REITs, the Fund indirectly will bear REIT expenses in addition to its own expenses. |
Repurchase Agreements |
Repurchase agreements involve the purchase of a security coupled with an agreement to resell at a specified date and price. In the event of the bankruptcy of the counterparty to a repurchase agreement, recovery of cash may be delayed. To the extent that, in the meantime, the value of the purchased securities may have decreased, a loss could result. Repurchase agreements that mature in more than seven days will be treated as illiquid. Unless the Prospectus states otherwise, the terms of a repurchase agreement will provide that the value of the collateral underlying the repurchase agreement will always be at least equal to the repurchase price, including any accrued interest earned on the agreement, and will be marked to market daily. |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
75
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Residual Interest Bonds |
The Fund may invest in residual interest bonds in a trust that holds municipal securities. The interest rate payable on a residual interest bond bears an inverse relationship to the interest rate on another security issued by the trust. Because changes in the interest rate on the other security inversely affect the interest paid on the residual interest bond, the value and income of a residual interest bond is generally more volatile than that of a fixed rate bond. Residual interest bonds have interest rate adjustment formulas that generally reduce or, in the extreme, eliminate the interest paid to the Fund when short-term interest rates rise, and increase the interest paid to the Fund when short-term interest rates fall. Residual interest bonds have varying degrees of liquidity, and the market for these securities is relatively volatile. These securities tend to underperform the market for fixed rate bonds in a rising long-term interest rate environment, but tend to outperform the market for fixed rate bonds when long-term interest rates decline. Although volatile, residual interest bonds typically offer the potential for yields exceeding the yields available on fixed rate bonds with comparable credit quality and maturity. These securities usually permit the investor to convert the floating rate to a fixed rate (normally adjusted downward), and this optional conversion feature may provide a partial hedge against rising rates if exercised at an opportune time. While residual interest bonds expose the Fund to leverage risk because they provide two or more dollars of bond market exposure for every dollar invested, they are not subject to the Funds restrictions on borrowings. Under certain circumstances, the Fund may enter into a so-called shortfall and forbearance agreement with the sponsor of a residual interest bond held by the Fund. Such agreements commit the Fund to reimburse the sponsor of such residual interest bond, upon the termination of the trust issuing the residual interest bond, the difference between the liquidation value of the underlying security (which is the basis of the residual interest bond) and the principal amount due to the holders of the floating rate security issued in conjunction with the residual interest bond. Absent a shortfall and forbearance agreement, the Fund would not be required to make such a reimbursement. If the Fund chooses not to enter into such an agreement, the residual interest bond could be terminated and the Fund could incur a loss. The Funds investments in residual interest bonds and similar securities described in the Prospectus and this SAI will not be considered borrowing for purposes of the Funds restrictions on borrowing described herein and in the Prospectus. |
Reverse Repurchase Agreements |
Under a reverse repurchase agreement, the Fund temporarily transfers possession of a portfolio instrument to another party, such as a bank or broker-dealer, in return for cash. At the same time, the Fund agrees to repurchase the instrument at an agreed upon time (normally within seven days) and price, which reflects an interest payment. The Fund may enter into a reverse repurchase agreement for various purposes, including, but not limited to, when it is able to invest the cash acquired at a rate higher than the cost of the agreement or as a means of raising cash to satisfy redemption requests without the necessity of selling portfolio assets. In a reverse repurchase agreement, any fluctuations in the market value of either the securities transferred to another party or the securities in which the proceeds may be invested would affect the market value of the Funds assets. As a result, such transactions may increase fluctuations in the value of the Fund. Because reverse repurchase agreements may be considered to be the practical equivalent of borrowing funds, they constitute a form of leverage. Such agreements will be treated as subject to investment restrictions regarding borrowings. If the Fund reinvests the proceeds of a reverse repurchase agreement at a rate lower than the cost of the agreement, entering into the agreement will lower the Funds yield. |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
76
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Rights and Warrants |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. A right is a privilege granted to existing shareholders of a corporation to subscribe for shares of a new issue of common stock before it is issued. Rights normally have a short life, usually two to four weeks, are freely transferable and entitle the holder to buy the new common stock at a lower price than the public offering price. Warrants are securities that are typically issued together with a debt security or preferred stock and that give the holder the right to buy a proportionate amount of common stock at a specified price. Warrants are freely transferable and are often traded on major exchanges. Unlike rights, warrants normally have a life that is measured in years and entitle the holder to buy common stock of a company at a price that is usually higher than the market price at the time the warrant is issued. Corporations often issue warrants to make the accompanying debt security more attractive. Warrants and rights may entail greater risks than certain other types of investments. Generally, rights and warrants do not carry the right to receive dividends or exercise voting rights with respect to the underlying securities, and they do not represent any rights in the assets of the issuer. In addition, their value does not necessarily change with the value of the underlying securities, and they cease to have value if they are not exercised on or before their expiration date. If the market price of the underlying stock does not exceed the exercise price during the life of the warrant or right, the warrant or right will expire worthless. (Canadian special warrants issued in private placements prior to a public offering are not considered warrants.) |
Royalty Bonds |
To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may invest in royalty bonds. |
Securities Lending |
The Fund may lend its portfolio securities to major banks, broker-dealers and other financial institutions in compliance with the 1940 Act. No lending may be made with any companies affiliated with the investment adviser. These loans earn income and are collateralized by cash, securities or letters of credit. The Fund may realize a loss if it is not able to invest cash collateral at rates higher than the costs to enter into the loan. When the loan is closed, the lender is obligated to return the collateral to the borrower. The lender could suffer a loss if the value of the collateral is below the market value of the borrowed securities or if the borrower defaults on the loan. The lender may pay reasonable finders, lending agent, administrative and custodial fees in connection with its loans. The investment adviser may instruct the securities lending agent to terminate loans and recall securities with voting rights so that the securities may be voted in accordance with the Funds proxy voting policy and procedures if deemed appropriate to do so. See Taxes for information on the tax treatment of payments in lieu of dividends received pursuant to securities lending arrangements. |
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Cash collateral received by the Fund in respect of loaned securities is invested in Eaton Vance Cash Collateral Fund, LLC (Cash Collateral Fund), a privately offered investment company holding high quality, U.S. dollar-denominated money market instruments. The investment objective of Cash Collateral Fund is to provide as high a rate of income as may be consistent with preservation of capital and maintenance of liquidity. Although not a registered money market mutual fund, Cash Collateral Fund conducts all of its investment activities in accordance with the requirements of Rule 2a-7 under the 1940 Act. There can be no assurance that Cash Collateral Fund will be able to maintain a stable net asset value and the Fund could experience a loss of its invested collateral. Cash Collateral Fund invests in high quality, U.S. dollar-denominated money market instruments of domestic and foreign issuers, including U.S. Government securities and prime commercial paper. When appropriate, Cash Collateral Fund may also invest in other high-grade, short-term obligations, including certificates of deposit, bankers acceptances and other short-term securities issued by domestic or foreign banks or their subsidiaries or branches. Cash Collateral Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued basis and for future delivery by means of forward commitments. Cash Collateral Fund may enter into repurchase agreements. Cash Collateral Fund may invest without limit in U.S. dollar-denominated obligations of foreign issuers, including foreign banks. Cash Collateral Fund does not limit the amount of its assets that can be invested in one type of instrument or in any foreign country. Information about the portfolio holdings of Cash Collateral Fund is available on request. As compensation for its services as manager, Eaton Vance is paid a fee at a rate of 0.08% annually of the average daily net assets of Cash Collateral Fund. Eaton Vance pays all of Cash Collateral Funds custody, audit and other ordinary operating expenses, excluding extraordinary, non-recurring items such as expenses incurred in connection with litigation, proceedings, claims and reorganization expenses. Payments to Eaton Vance for managing Cash Collateral Fund are in addition to the investment advisory fee paid by the Fund. |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
77
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Securities with Equity and Debt Characteristics |
Securities may have a combination of equity and debt characteristics. These securities may at times behave more like equity than debt or vice versa. Some types of convertible bonds, preferred stocks or other preferred securities automatically convert into common stocks or other securities at a stated conversion ratio and some may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a predetermined price. These securities, prior to conversion, may pay a fixed rate of interest or a dividend. Because convertible securities have both debt and equity characteristics, their values vary in response to many factors, including the values of the securities into which they are convertible, general market and economic conditions, and convertible market valuations, as well as changes in interest rates, credit spreads and the credit quality of the issuer. The prices and yields of nonconvertible preferred securities or preferred stocks generally move with changes in interest rates and the issuers credit quality, similar to the factors affecting debt securities. If these securities are ranked at the bottom of an issuers debt capital structure, they may be more sensitive to economic changes than more senior debt securities. These securities may also be viewed as more equity-like by the market when the issuer or its parent company experience financial problems. |
Senior Loans |
Senior Loans are loans that are senior in repayment priority to other debt of the borrower. Senior Loans generally pay interest that floats, adjusts or varies periodically based on benchmark indicators, specified adjustment schedules or prevailing interest rates. Senior Loans are often secured by specific assets or collateral, although they may not be secured by collateral. A Senior Loan is typically originated, negotiated and structured by a U.S. or foreign commercial bank, insurance company, finance company or other financial institution (the Agent) for a group of loan investors (Loan Investors), generally referred to as a syndicate. The Agent typically administers and enforces the Senior Loan on behalf of the Loan Investors in the syndicate. In addition, an institution, typically but not always the Agent, holds any collateral on behalf of the Loan Investors. Loan interests primarily take the form of assignments purchased in the primary or secondary market. Loan interests may also take the form of participation interests in, or novations of, a Senior Loan. Senior Loans primarily include senior floating rate loans and secondarily senior floating rate debt obligations (including those issued by an asset-backed pool), and interests therein. |
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Loan Collateral. Borrowers generally will, for the term of the Senior Loan, pledge collateral to secure their obligation. In addition Senior Loans may be guaranteed by or secured by assets of the borrowers owners or affiliates. During the term of the Senior Loan, the value of collateral securing the Loan may decline in value, causing the Loan to be under-collateralized. Collateral may consist of assets that may not be readily liquidated, and there is no assurance that the liquidation of such assets would satisfy fully a borrowers obligations under a Senior Loan. In addition, if a Senior Loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become part owner of the collateral and would bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of such collateral. |
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Fees. The Fund may receive a facility fee when it buys a Senior Loan, and pay a facility fee when it sells a Senior Loan. On an ongoing basis, the Fund may receive a commitment fee based on the undrawn portion of the underlying line of credit portion of a Senior Loan. In certain circumstances, the Fund may receive a prepayment penalty fee upon the prepayment of a Senior Loan by a borrower or an amendment fee. |
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Loan Administration. In a typical Senior Loan, the Agent administers the terms of the loan agreement and is responsible for the collection of principal, and interest payments from the borrower and the apportionment of these payments to the Loan Investors. Failure by the Agent to fulfill its obligations may delay or adversely affect receipt of payment by the Fund. Furthermore, unless under the terms of a loan agreement or participation (as applicable) the Fund has direct recourse against the borrower, the Fund must rely on the Agent and the other Loan Investors to use appropriate remedies against the borrower. The Agent is typically responsible for monitoring compliance with covenants contained in the loan agreement based upon reports prepared by the borrower. The typical practice of an Agent or a Loan Investor in relying exclusively or primarily on reports from the borrower may involve the risk of fraud by the borrower. It is unclear whether an investment in a Senior Loan offers the securities law protections against fraud and misrepresentation. |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
78
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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A financial institutions appointment as Agent may usually be terminated in the event that it fails to observe the requisite standard of care or becomes insolvent. A successor Agent would generally be appointed to replace the terminated Agent, and assets held by the Agent under the Loan Agreement should remain available to holders of Senior Loans. However, if assets held by the Agent for the benefit of the Fund were determined to be subject to the claims of the Agents general creditors, the Fund might incur certain costs and delays in realizing payment on a Senior Loan, or suffer a loss of principal and/or interest. In situations involving other Interposed Persons, similar risks may arise. |
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Additional Information. The Fund may purchase and retain in its portfolio a Senior Loan where the borrower has experienced, or may be perceived to be likely to experience, credit problems, including involvement in or recent emergence from bankruptcy reorganization proceedings or other forms of debt restructuring. While such investments may provide opportunities for enhanced income as well as capital appreciation, they generally involve greater risk and may be considered speculative. The Fund may from time to time participate in ad-hoc committees formed by creditors to negotiate with the management of financially troubled borrowers. The Fund may incur legal fees as a result of such participation. In addition, such participation may restrict the Funds ability to trade in or acquire additional positions in a particular security when it might otherwise desire to do so. Participation by the Fund also may expose the Fund to potential liabilities under bankruptcy or other laws governing the rights of creditors and debtors. The Fund will participate in such committees only when the investment adviser believes that such participation is necessary or desirable to enforce the Funds rights as a creditor or to protect the value of a Senior Loan held by the Fund. |
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In some instances, other accounts managed by the investment adviser may hold other securities issued by borrowers the Senior Loans of which may be held by the Fund. These other securities may include, for example, debt securities that are subordinate to the Senior Loans held by the Fund, convertible debt or common or preferred equity securities. In certain circumstances, such as if the credit quality of the borrower deteriorates, the interests of holders of these other securities may conflict with the interests of the holders of the borrowers Senior Loans. In such cases, the investment adviser may owe conflicting fiduciary duties to the Fund and other client accounts. The investment adviser will endeavor to carry out its obligations to all of its clients to the fullest extent possible, recognizing that in some cases, certain clients may achieve a lower economic return, as a result of these conflicting client interests, than if the investment advisers client accounts collectively held only a single category of the issuers securities. |
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The Fund may acquire warrants and other equity securities as part of a unit combining a Senior Loan and equity securities of a borrower or its affiliates. The Fund may also acquire equity securities or debt securities (including non-dollar denominated debt securities) issued in exchange for a Senior Loan or issued in connection with the debt restructuring or reorganization of a borrower, or if such acquisition, in the judgment of the investment adviser, may enhance the value of a Senior Loan or would otherwise be consistent with the Funds investment policies. |
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For Floating Rate Portfolio, Senior Portfolio and VT Floating-Rate Income Fund only: The Fund will acquire participations only if the Loan Investor selling the participation, and any other persons interpositioned between the Fund and the Loan Investor (an Interposed Person), at the time of investment, has outstanding debt or deposit obligations rated investment grade (BBB or A-3 or higher by S&P or Baa or P- 3 or higher by Moodys or comparably rated by another nationally recognized statistical ratings organization) or determined by the investment adviser to be of comparable quality. |
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For additional disclosure relating to investing in loans (including Senior Loans), see Loans above. |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
79
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Short Sales |
Short sales are transactions in which a party sells a security it does not own in anticipation of a decline in the market value of that security. To complete such a transaction, the party must borrow the security to make delivery to the buyer. When the party is required to return the borrowed security, it typically will purchase the security in the open market. The price at such time may be more or less than the price at which the party sold the security. Until the security is replaced, the party is required to repay the lender any dividends or interest, which accrues during the period of the loan. To borrow the security, it also may be required to pay a premium, which would increase the cost of the security sold. The net proceeds of the short sale will be retained by the broker, to the extent necessary to meet margin requirements, until the short position is closed out. Transaction costs are incurred in effecting short sales. A short seller will incur a loss as a result of a short sale if the price of the security increases between the date of the short sale and the date on which it replaces the borrowed security. A gain will be realized if the price of the security declines in price between those dates. The amount of any gain will be decreased, and the amount of any loss increased, by the amount of the premium, dividends or interest the short seller may be required to pay, if any, in connection with a short sale. Short sales may be against the box or uncovered. In a short sale against the box, at the time of the sale, the short seller owns or has the immediate and unconditional right to acquire the identical security at no additional cost. In an uncovered short sale, the short seller does not own the underlying security and, as such, losses from uncovered short sales may be significant. The Fund may sell short securities representing an index or basket of securities whose constituents the Fund holds in whole or in part. A short sale of an index or basket of securities will be a covered short sale if the underlying index or basket of securities is the same or substantially identical to securities held by the Fund. Use of short sales is limited by the Funds non-fundamental restriction relating thereto. |
Short-Term Trading |
Fixed-income securities may be sold in anticipation of market decline (a rise in interest rates) or purchased in anticipation of a market rise (a decline in interest rates) and later sold. In addition, such a security may be sold and another purchased at approximately the same time to take advantage of what is believed to be a temporary disparity in the normal yield relationship between the two securities. Yield disparities may occur for reasons not directly related to the investment quality of particular issues or the general movement of interest rates, such as changes in the overall demand for or supply of various types of fixed-income securities or changes in the investment objectives of investors. |
Smaller Companies |
The investment risk associated with smaller companies is higher than that normally associated with larger, more established companies due to the greater business risks associated with small size, the relative age of the company, limited product lines, distribution channels and financial and managerial resources. Further, there is typically less publicly available information concerning smaller companies than for larger companies. The securities of small companies are often traded only over-the-counter and may not be traded in the volumes typical of trading on a national securities exchange. As a result, stocks of smaller companies are often more volatile than those of larger companies, which are often traded on a national securities exchange. |
Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities (SMBS) |
SMBS are multiclass mortgage securities. SMBS commonly involve two classes of securities that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions on a pool of mortgage assets. A common type of SMBS will have one class receiving most of the interest from the mortgages, while the other class will receive most of the principal. In the most extreme case, the interest only class receives all of the interest while the principal only class receives the entire principal. The yield to maturity on an interest only class is extremely sensitive to the rate of principal payments (including pre-payments) on the related underlying mortgage assets, and a rapid rate of principal payments may have a material adverse effect on the yield to maturity from these securities. If the underlying mortgages experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the initial investment in these securities may not be recouped. Although the market for such securities is increasingly liquid, certain SMBS may not be readily marketable and will be considered illiquid. The market value of the class consisting entirely of principal payments generally is unusually volatile in response to changes in interest rates. The yields on a class of SMBS that receives all or most of the interest from mortgages are generally higher than prevailing market yields on other MBS because their cash flow patterns are more volatile and there is a greater risk that the initial investment will not be fully recouped. |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
80
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Structured Notes |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Structured notes are derivative debt instruments, the interest rate or principal of which is determined by an unrelated indicator (for example, a currency, security, commodity or index thereof). The terms of the instrument may be structured by the purchaser and the borrower issuing the note. Indexed securities may include structured notes as well as securities other than debt securities, the interest rate or principal of which is determined by an unrelated indicator. Indexed securities may include a multiplier that multiplies the indexed element by a specified factor and, therefore, the value of such securities may be very volatile. The terms of structured notes and indexed securities may provide that in certain circumstances no principal is due at maturity, which may result in a loss of invested capital. Structured notes and indexed securities may be positively or negatively indexed, so that appreciation of the unrelated indicator may produce an increase or a decrease in the interest rate or the value of the structured note or indexed security at maturity may be calculated as a specified multiple of the change in the value of the unrelated indicator. Structured notes and indexed securities may entail a greater degree of market risk than other types of investments because the investor bears the risk of the unrelated indicator. Structured notes or indexed securities also may be more volatile, less liquid, and more difficult to accurately price than less complex securities and instruments or more traditional debt securities. |
Swap Agreements |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Swap agreements are two-party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a few weeks to more than one year. In a standard swap transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on a particular predetermined reference instrument or instruments, which can be adjusted for an interest rate factor. The gross returns to be exchanged or swapped between the parties are generally calculated with respect to a notional amount ( i.e. , the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate or in a basket of securities representing a particular index). Other types of swap agreements may calculate the obligations of the parties to the agreement on a net basis. Consequently, a partys current obligations (or rights) under a swap agreement will generally be equal only to the net amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the net amount). |
|
Whether the use of swap agreements will be successful will depend on the investment adviser's ability to predict correctly whether certain types of reference instruments are likely to produce greater returns than other instruments. Swap agreements may be subject to contractual restrictions on transferability and termination and they may have terms of greater than seven days. The Funds obligations under a swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owed to the Fund under the swap). Developments in the swaps market, including government regulation, could adversely affect the Funds ability to terminate existing swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements, as well as to participate in swap agreements in the future. If there is a default by the counterparty to a swap, the Fund will have contractual remedies pursuant to the swap agreement, but any recovery may be delayed depending on the circumstances of the default. |
|
The swaps market was largely unregulated prior to the enactment of federal legislation known as the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the Dodd-Frank Act), which was enacted in 2010 in response to turmoil in the financial markets and other market events. Among other things, the Dodd-Frank Act sets forth a new regulatory framework for certain OTC derivatives, such as swaps, in which the Fund may invest. The Dodd-Frank Act requires many swap transactions to be executed on registered exchanges or through swap execution facilities, cleared through a regulated clearinghouse, and publicly reported. In addition, many market participants are now regulated as swap dealers or major swap participants, and are, or will be, subject to certain minimum capital and margin requirements and business conduct standards. The statutory requirements of the Dodd-Frank Act are being implemented primarily through rules and regulations adopted by the SEC and/or the CFTC. There is a prescribed phase-in period during which most of the mandated rulemaking and regulations are being implemented, and temporary exemptions from certain rules and regulations have been granted so that current trading practices will not be unduly disrupted during the transition period. |
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|
Currently, central clearing is only required for certain market participants trading certain instruments, although central clearing for additional instruments is expected to be implemented by the CFTC until the majority of the swaps market is ultimately subject to central clearing. In addition, uncleared OTC swaps will be subject to regulatory collateral requirements that could adversely affect the Funds ability to enter into swaps in the OTC market. These developments could cause the Fund to terminate new or existing swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such instruments at an inopportune time. Until the mandated rulemaking and regulations are implemented completely, it will not be possible to determine the complete impact of the Dodd-Frank Act and related regulations on the Fund, and the establishment of a centralized exchange or market for swap transactions may not result in swaps being easier to value or trade. However, it is expected that swap dealers, major market participants, and swap counterparties will experience other new and/or additional regulations, requirements, compliance burdens, and associated costs. The legislation and rules to be promulgated may exert a negative effect on the Funds ability to meet its investment objective, either through limits or requirements imposed on the Fund or its counterparties. The swap market could be disrupted or limited as a result of the legislation, and the new requirements may increase the cost of the Funds investments and of doing business, which could adversely affect the ability of the Fund to buy or sell OTC derivatives. |
|
Swap agreements include (but are not limited to): |
|
Currency Swaps. Currency swaps involve the exchange of the rights of the parties to make or receive payments in specified currencies. Because currency swaps usually involve the delivery of the entire principal value of one designated currency in exchange for the other designated currency, the entire principal value of a currency swap is subject to the risk that the other party to the swap will default on its contractual delivery obligations. If the investment adviser is incorrect in its forecasts of market value and currency exchange rates, performance may be adversely affected. |
|
Equity Swaps. An equity swap is an agreement in which at least one partys payments are based on the rate of return of an equity security or equity index, such as the S&P 500. The other partys payments can be based on a fixed rate, a non-equity variable rate, or even a different equity index. The Fund may enter into equity index swaps on a net basis pursuant to which the future cash flows from two reference instruments are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two. |
|
Credit Default Swaps. Under a credit default swap agreement, the protection buyer in a credit default contract is generally obligated to pay the protection seller an upfront or a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract, provided that no credit event, such as a default, on a reference instrument has occurred. If a credit event occurs, the seller generally must pay the buyer the par value (full notional value) of the reference instrument in exchange for an equal face amount of the reference instrument described in the swap, or the seller may be required to deliver the related net cash amount, if the swap is cash settled. If the Fund is a buyer and no credit event occurs, the Fund may recover nothing if the swap is held through its termination date. As a seller, the Fund generally receives an upfront payment or a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the swap provided that there is no credit event. As the seller, the Fund would effectively add leverage to its portfolio because, in addition to its total net assets, the Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. The determination of a credit event under the swap agreement will depend on the terms of the agreement and may rely on the decision of persons that are not a party to the agreement. The Funds obligations under a credit default swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owed to the Fund). |
|
Inflation Swaps. Inflation swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive interest, e.g., an exchange of fixed rate payments for floating rate payments or an exchange of floating rate payments based on two different reference indices. By design, one of the reference indices is an inflation index, such as the Consumer Price Index. Inflation swaps can be designated as zero coupon, where both sides of the swap compound interest over the life of the swap and then the accrued interest is paid out only at the swaps maturity. |
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Total Return Swaps. Total return swap agreements are contracts in which one party agrees to make periodic payments to another party based on the change in market value of the assets underlying the contract, which may include a specified security, basket of securities or securities indices during the specified period, in return for periodic payments based on a fixed or variable interest rate or the total return from other underlying assets. Total return swap agreements may be used to obtain exposure to a security or market without owning or taking physical custody of such security or investing directly in such market. Total return swap agreements may effectively add leverage to the Funds portfolio because, in addition to its total net assets, the Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. Generally, the Fund will enter into total return swaps on a net basis (i.e., the two payment streams are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments). The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Funds obligations over its entitlements with respect to each total return swap will be accrued on a daily basis. If the total return swap transaction is entered into on other than a net basis, the full amount of the Funds obligations will be accrued on a daily basis, and the full amount of the Funds obligations will be segregated by the Fund in an amount equal to or greater than the market value of the liabilities under the total return swap or the amount it would have cost the Fund initially to make an equivalent direct investment, plus or minus any amount the Fund is obligated to pay or is to receive under the total return swap agreement. |
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Interest Rate Swaps, Caps and Floors. Interest rate swaps are OTC contracts in which each party agrees to make a periodic interest payment based on an index or the value of an asset in return for a periodic payment from the other party based on a different index or asset. The purchase of an interest rate floor entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index falls below a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a notional principal amount from the party selling such interest rate floor. The purchase of an interest rate cap entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index rises above a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a notional principal amount from the party selling such interest rate cap. The Fund usually will enter into interest rate swap transactions on a net basis (i.e., the two payment streams are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments). The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Funds obligations over its entitlements with respect to each interest rate swap will be accrued on a daily basis. If the interest rate swap transaction is entered into on other than a net basis, the full amount of the Funds obligations will be accrued on a daily basis. Certain federal income tax requirements may limit the Funds ability to engage in certain interest rate transactions. |
Swaptions |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. A swaption is a contract that gives a counterparty the right (but not the obligation) in return for payment of a premium, to enter into a new swap agreement or to shorten, extend, cancel or otherwise modify an existing swap agreement, at some designated future time on specified terms. The Fund may write (sell) and purchase put and call swaptions. Depending on the terms of the particular option agreement, the Fund will generally incur a greater degree of risk when it writes a swaption than it will incur when it purchases a swaption. When the Fund purchases a swaption, it risks losing only the amount of the premium it has paid should it decide to let the option expire unexercised. However, when the Fund writes a swaption, upon exercise of the option the Fund will become obligated according to the terms of the underlying agreement. |
Tax-Managed Investing |
Taxes are a major influence on the net returns that investors receive on their taxable investments. There are four components of the returns of a mutual fund that invests in equities that are treated differently for federal income tax purposes: price appreciation, distributions of qualified dividend income, distributions of other investment income, and distributions of realized short-term and long-term capital gains. Distributions of income other than qualified dividend income and distributions of net realized short-term gains (on stocks held for one year or less) are taxed as ordinary income. Distributions of qualified dividend income and net realized long-term gains (on stocks held for more than one year) are currently taxed at rates up to 20%. The Funds investment program and the tax treatment of Fund distributions may be affected by IRS interpretations of the Code and future changes in tax laws and regulations. Returns derived from price appreciation are untaxed until the shareholder disposes of his or her shares. Upon disposition, a capital gain (short-term, if the shareholder has held his or her shares for one year or less, otherwise long-term) equal to the difference between the net proceeds of the disposition and the shareholders adjusted tax basis is realized. |
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Trust Certificates |
Trust certificates are investments in a limited purpose trust or other vehicle formed under state law. Trust certificates in turn invest in instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps, preferred securities and other securities, in order to customize the risk/return profile of a particular security. Like an investment in a bond, investments in trust certificates represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in the form of distributions) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the certificate. However, these payments are conditioned on the trusts receipt of payments from, and the trusts potential obligations to, the counterparties to the derivative instruments and other securities in which the trust invests. Investments in these instruments are indirectly subject to the risks associated with derivative instruments, including, among others, credit risk, default or similar event risk, counterparty risk, interest rate risk, leverage risk and management risk. It is expected that the trusts that issue credit-linked trust certificates will constitute private investment companies, exempt from registration under the 1940 Act. Although the trusts are typically private investment companies, they are generally not actively managed. It is also expected that the certificates will be exempt from registration under the 1933 Act. Accordingly, there may be no established trading market for the certificates and they may constitute illiquid investments. |
U.S. Government Securities |
U.S. Government securities include: (1) U.S. Treasury obligations, which differ in their interest rates, maturities and times of issuance, including: U.S. Treasury bills (maturities of one year or less); U.S. Treasury notes (maturities of one year to ten years); and U.S. Treasury bonds (generally maturities of greater than ten years); and (2) obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies and instrumentalities, which are supported by any of the following: (a) the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury; (b) the right of the issuer to borrow an amount limited to a specific line of credit from the U.S. Treasury; (c) discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase certain obligations of the U.S. Government agency or instrumentality; or (d) the credit of the agency or instrumentality. U.S. Government securities also include any other security or agreement collateralized or otherwise secured by U.S. Government securities. Agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. Government include but are not limited to: Farmers Home Administration, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Federal Housing Administration, Federal Land Banks, Federal Financing Bank, Central Bank for Cooperatives, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, Farm Credit Bank System, Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, Federal National Mortgage Association, General Services Administration, Government National Mortgage Association, Student Loan Marketing Association, United States Postal Service, Maritime Administration, Small Business Administration, Tennessee Valley Authority, Washington D.C. Armory Board and any other enterprise established or sponsored by the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government generally is not obligated to provide support to its instrumentalities. The principal of and/or interest on certain U.S. Government securities could be: (a) payable in foreign currencies rather than U.S. dollars; or (b) increased or diminished as a result of changes in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to the value of foreign currencies. The value of such portfolio securities denominated in foreign currencies may be affected favorably by changes in the exchange rate between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. For additional information about Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation and Federal National Mortgage Association, see Events Regarding FNMA and FHLMC herein. |
Unlisted Securities |
Unlisted securities are neither listed on a stock exchange nor traded over-the-counter. Unlisted securities may include investments in new and early stage companies, which may involve a high degree of business and financial risk that can result in substantial losses and may be considered speculative. Such securities will generally be deemed to be illiquid. Because of the absence of any public trading market for these investments, it may take longer to liquidate these positions than would be the case for publicly traded securities. Although these securities may be resold in privately negotiated transactions, the prices realized from these sales could be less than those originally paid or less than what may be considered the fair value of such securities. Furthermore, issuers whose securities are not publicly traded may not be subject to public disclosure and other investor protection requirements applicable to publicly traded securities. If such securities are required to be registered under the securities laws of one or more jurisdictions before being resold, the Fund may be required to bear the expenses of registration. In addition, in foreign jurisdictions any capital gains realized on the sale of such securities may be subject to higher rates of foreign taxation than taxes payable on the sale of listed securities. |
Utility and Financial Service Companies |
To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may concentrate its investments in utility and/or financial services companies. |
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APPENDIX A
Class A Fees, Performance and Ownership
Sales Charges and Distribution and Service Fees.
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the following table shows (1) total sales charges paid by each Fund, (2) sales charges paid to financial intermediaries, (3) sales charges paid to the principal underwriter, (4) approximate CDSC payments to the principal underwriter, (5) total distribution and service fees paid by each Fund, and (6) distribution and service fees paid to financial intermediaries. Distribution and service fees that were not paid to financial intermediaries were retained by the principal underwriter.
Fund |
Total Sales
|
Sales Charges to
|
Sales Charges to
|
CDSC Paid to
|
Total Distribution and
|
Distribution and Service
|
Balanced |
$164,530 |
$141,708 |
$22,822 |
$0 |
$393,599 |
$351,506 |
Dividend Builder |
471,830 |
402,365 |
69,465 |
400 |
1,946,843 |
1,838,273 |
Large-Cap Core Research |
56,264 |
47,440 |
8,824 |
1,000 |
100,222 |
85,100 |
Large-Cap Growth |
99,099 |
85,110 |
13,989 |
10,000 |
219,978 |
201,938 |
Large-Cap Value |
645,407 |
569,692 |
75,715 |
3,000 |
8,034,093 |
8,042,682 |
Real Estate |
38,473 |
32,313 |
6,160 |
0 |
22,332 |
16,591 |
Small-Cap |
23,432 |
19,996 |
3,436 |
600 |
86,371 |
78,645 |
Small-Cap Value |
31,465 |
26,735 |
4,730 |
100 |
54,922 |
47,191 |
Special Equities |
7,686 |
6,541 |
1,145 |
600 |
98,716 |
87,740 |
For the fiscal years ended December 31,
2012
and December 31,
2011
, the following total sales charges were paid on sales of Class A, of which the principal underwriter received the following amounts. The balance of such amounts was paid to financial intermediaries.
Fund |
December 31, 2012
|
December 31, 2012
|
December 31, 2011
|
December 31, 2011
|
Balanced |
$148,362 |
$22,248 |
$134,815 |
$20,647 |
Dividend Builder |
577,696 |
85,305 |
781,349 |
111,139 |
Large-Cap Core Research |
49,742 |
7,729 |
117,140 |
17,317 |
Large-Cap Growth |
86,851 |
13,236 |
167,648 |
16,149 |
Large-Cap Value |
716,591 |
70,811 |
1,486,971 |
119,109 |
Real Estate |
38,907 |
6,043 |
58,408 |
7,831 |
Small-Cap |
15,591 |
2,130 |
57,319 |
7,288 |
Small-Cap Value |
25,562 |
3,974 |
29,772 |
4,161 |
Special Equities |
5,269 |
577 |
28,444 |
4,034 |
Performance Information.
The tables below indicate the average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment in shares of $1,000. For Real Estate Fund, total return prior to the date this Class was first offered reflects the total return of Class I, adjusted to reflect the Class A sales charge. The Class
A
total return has not been adjusted to reflect certain other expenses (such as distribution and service fees). If such adjustments were made, the Class A total return would be different. Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses. Performance would have been lower without subsidies.
Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested. Each Funds past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, a Funds current performance
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may be lower or higher than the quoted return. For the Funds performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.
About Returns After Taxes. After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions. After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Balanced Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
20.96% |
12.85% |
7.14% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
14.03% |
11.50% |
6.50% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
18.26% |
12.05% |
6.30% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
11.49% |
10.72% |
5.67% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
13.11% |
10.17% |
5.67% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
9.12% |
9.05% |
5.13% |
Dividend Builder Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
25.40% |
12.11% |
10.13% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
18.22% |
10.79% |
9.48% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
24.96% |
11.51% |
9.35% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
17.81% |
10.20% |
8.71% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
14.68% |
9.68% |
8.49% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
10.60% |
8.59% |
7.92% |
Large-Cap Core Research Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Five Years* |
Ten Years* |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
32.83% |
15.57% |
8.29% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
25.22% |
14.21% |
7.65% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
28.90% |
14.43% |
7.55% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
21.52% |
13.09% |
6.92% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
20.54% |
12.56% |
6.79% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
16.12% |
11.41% |
6.24% |
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Large-Cap Growth Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Five Years* |
Ten Years* |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
35.35% |
17.53% |
7.54% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
27.57% |
16.15% |
6.90% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
31.41% |
16.80% |
7.10% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
23.85% |
15.44% |
6.46% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
22.87% |
14.21% |
6.12% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
18.30% |
13.04% |
5.58% |
Large-Cap Value Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
29.34% |
12.99% |
7.35% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
21.91% |
11.65% |
6.72% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
27.73% |
12.50% |
6.94% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
20.38% |
11.17% |
6.31% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
17.84% |
10.42% |
6.02% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
13.56% |
9.31% |
5.47% |
Real Estate Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Five Years* |
Life of Fund* |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
0.41% |
15.76% |
4.55% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
5.37% |
14.40% |
3.75% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
− 0.53% |
15.00% |
3.50% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
– 6.26% |
13.64% |
2.71% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
0.29% |
12.44% |
3.16% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
− 2.99% |
11.29% |
2.52% |
Class A and Class I shares commenced operations on June 9, 2010 and April 28, 2006, respectively. |
|
|
|
Small-Cap Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Year* |
Ten Years* |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
35.25% |
19.92% |
8.78% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
27.51% |
18.52% |
8.14% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
33.30% |
19.34% |
8.37% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
25.67% |
17.94% |
7.73% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
21.33% |
16.33% |
7.24% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
16.87% |
15.13% |
6.68% |
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Small-Cap Value Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Five Years* |
Ten Years* |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
31.47% |
15.70% |
8.15% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
23.90% |
14.35% |
7.50% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
29.23% |
14.99% |
7.41% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
21.78% |
13.64% |
6.77% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
19.53% |
12.76% |
6.72% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
15.14% |
11.62% |
6.17% |
Special Equities Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
36.54% |
18.44% |
7.92% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
28.71% |
17.05% |
7.28% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
36.35% |
18.41% |
7.90% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
28.53% |
17.02% |
7.26% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
20.82% |
15.03% |
6.46% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
16.38% |
13.84% |
5.91% |
Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities.
At April 1,
2014
, the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned in the aggregate less than 1% of the outstanding shares of this Class. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
Dividend Builder Fund |
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith |
Jacksonville, FL |
9.5% |
|
American Enterprise Investment SVC |
Minneapolis, MN |
8.4% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
8.2% |
|
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
7.5% |
|
UBS WM USA |
Weehawken, NJ |
7.2% |
|
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
5.1% |
Large-Cap Core Research Fund |
American Enterprise Investment SVC |
Minneapolis, MN |
19.5% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
15.5% |
|
^ Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
8.2% |
|
Edward D. Jones and Co. |
St. Louis, MO |
6.9% |
|
First Clearing LLC |
Saint Louis, MO |
6.6% |
|
Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. |
San Francisco, CA |
5.6% |
Large-Cap Growth Fund |
National Financial Services LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
16.5% |
|
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
10.2% |
|
American Enterprise Investment SVC |
Minneapolis, MN |
7.8% |
|
First Clearing LLC |
Saint Louis, MO |
7.1% |
|
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith |
Jacksonville, FL |
6.2% |
|
Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company |
Springfield, MA |
6.2% |
|
Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. |
San Francisco, CA |
5.5% |
Large-Cap Value Fund |
National Financial Services LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
22.0% |
|
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
11.6% |
|
UBS WM USA |
Weehawken, NJ |
10.2% |
|
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
8.9% |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
90
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Real Estate Fund |
American Enterprise Investment SVC |
Minneapolis, MN |
21.9% |
|
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
21.0% |
|
First Clearing LLC |
Saint Louis, MO |
16.6% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
11.5% |
|
Edward D. Jones and Co. |
St. Louis, MO |
6.7% |
Small-Cap Fund |
American Enterprise Investment SVC |
Minneapolis, MN |
20.0% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
12.0% |
|
Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. |
San Francisco, CA |
8.9% |
|
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
8.8% |
|
UBS WM USA |
Weehawken, NJ |
7.5% |
|
First Clearing LLC |
Saint Louis, MO |
5.1% |
Small-Cap Value Fund |
American Enterprise Investment SVC |
Minneapolis, MN |
16.0% |
|
Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company |
Springfield, MA |
11.5% |
|
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
9.8% |
|
UBS WM USA |
Weehawken, NJ |
9.4% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
7.1% |
|
First Clearing LLC |
Saint Louis, MO |
5.7% |
Special Equities Fund |
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith |
Jacksonville, FL |
6.9% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
5.3% |
To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class as of such date.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
91
SAI dated May 1, 2014
APPENDIX B
Class B Fees, Performance and Ownership
Distribution and Service Fees.
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the following table shows (1) sales commissions paid by the principal underwriter to financial intermediaries on sales of Class B shares, (2) distribution fees paid to the principal underwriter under the Distribution Plan, (3) approximate CDSC payments to the principal underwriter, (4) service fees paid under the Distribution Plan, and (5) service fees paid to financial intermediaries. The service fees paid by the Funds that were not paid to financial intermediaries were retained by the principal underwriter.
Fund |
Commissions Paid
|
Distribution Fee
|
CDSC Paid to
|
Service
|
Service Fees
|
Balanced |
$114,394 |
$84,527 |
$13,000 |
$28,176 |
$27,834 |
Dividend Builder |
580,914 |
359,982 |
82,000 |
119,994 |
118,043 |
|
0 |
27,026 |
5,000 |
9,009 |
8,536 |
Small-Cap Value |
(392)* |
17,192 |
1,000 |
5,731 |
5,635 |
* Previous period adjustment.
Performance Information. The tables below indicate the cumulative and average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment in shares of $1,000. Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value will fluctuate; shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses. Performance would have been lower without subsidies.
Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested. Each Funds past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, a Funds current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted return. For the Funds performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.
About Returns After Taxes. After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions. After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Balanced Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
20.19% |
11.97% |
6.33% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
15.19% |
11.71% |
6.33% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
17.84% |
11.37% |
5.71% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
12.84% |
11.11% |
5.71% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
12.63% |
9.47% |
5.05% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
9.80% |
9.26% |
5.05% |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
92
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Dividend Builder Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
24.46% |
11.27% |
9.31% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
19.46% |
11.00% |
9.31% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
24.25% |
10.83% |
8.69% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
19.25% |
10.56% |
8.69% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
13.99% |
8.99% |
7.80% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
11.16% |
8.78% |
7.80% |
Small-Cap Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years* |
Ten Years* |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
34.20% |
19.02% |
7.97% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
29.20% |
18.82% |
7.97% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
32.21% |
18.46% |
7.57% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
27.21% |
18.25% |
7.57% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
20.77% |
15.55% |
6.54% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
17.94% |
15.38% |
6.54% |
Small-Cap Value Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Five Years* |
Ten Years* |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
30.47% |
14.83% |
7.34% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
25.47% |
14.60% |
7.34% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
28.11% |
14.09% |
6.58% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
23.11% |
13.85% |
6.58% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
19.06% |
12.04% |
6.05% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
16.23% |
11.85% |
6.05% |
Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities.
At April 1,
2014
, the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned in the aggregate less than 1% of the outstanding shares of this Class. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:
Balanced Fund |
First Clearing LLC |
Saint Louis, MO |
23.9% |
|
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith |
Jacksonville, FL |
16.1% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
11.7% |
|
American Enterprise Investment SVC |
Minneapolis, MN |
11.2% |
|
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
11.2% |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
93
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Beneficial owners of 25% or more of this Class of a Fund are presumed to be in control of the Class for purposes of voting on certain matters submitted to shareholders.
To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class as of such date.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
94
SAI dated May 1, 2014
APPENDIX C
Class C Fees, Performance and Ownership
Distribution and Service Fees.
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the following table shows (1) sales commissions paid by the principal underwriter to financial intermediaries on sales of Class C shares, (2) distribution fees paid to the principal underwriter under the Distribution Plan, (3) approximate CDSC payments to the principal underwriter, (4) service fees paid under the Distribution Plan, and (5) service fees paid to financial intermediaries. The service fees paid by the Funds that were not paid to financial intermediaries were retained by the principal underwriter.
Fund |
Commission Paid by Principal
|
Distribution Fee Paid
|
CDSC Paid
|
Service
|
Service Fees Paid
|
Balanced |
$217,798 |
$231,013 |
$3,000 |
$77,004 |
$72,599 |
Dividend Builder |
1,204,773 |
1,268,486 |
6,000 |
422,829 |
401,595 |
Large-Cap Core Research |
46,161 |
50,065 |
2,000 |
16,688 |
15,387 |
Large-Cap Growth |
171,886 |
186,344 |
1,000 |
62,115 |
57,295 |
Large-Cap Value |
3,140,271 |
3,304,312 |
14,000 |
1,101,437 |
1,046,771 |
Small-Cap |
81,652 |
92,034 |
1,000 |
30,678 |
27,217 |
Small-Cap Value |
57,068 |
66,935 |
500 |
22,312 |
19,023 |
Special Equities |
21,830 |
22,665 |
20 |
7,555 |
7,276 |
Performance Information.
The tables below indicate the average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment in shares of $1,000. Total return of Large-Cap Core Research Fund prior to October 1, 2009 reflects the total return of Class A (adjusted for the Class C CDSC). The Class
C
total return has not been adjusted to reflect certain other expenses (such as distribution and service fees). If such adjustments were made, the Class C total return would be different. Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value will fluctuate; shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses. Performance would have been lower without subsidies.
Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested. Each Funds past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, a Funds current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted return. For the Funds performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.
About Returns After Taxes. After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions. After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
95
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Balanced Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
20.14% |
12.01% |
6.34% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
19.14% |
12.01% |
6.34% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
17.78% |
11.41% |
5.71% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
16.78% |
11.41% |
5.71% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
12.60% |
9.50% |
5.05% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
12.03% |
9.50% |
5.05% |
Dividend Builder Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
24.47% |
11.27% |
9.31% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
23.47% |
11.27% |
9.31% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
24.25% |
10.83% |
8.69% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
23.25% |
10.83% |
8.69% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
14.00% |
9.00% |
7.80% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
13.43% |
9.00% |
7.80% |
Large-Cap Core Research Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Five Years* |
Ten Years* |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
31.72% |
14.86% |
7.95% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
30.72% |
14.86% |
7.95% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
28.05% |
13.81% |
7.26% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
27.05% |
13.81% |
7.26% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
19.89% |
11.97% |
6.51% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
19.32% |
11.97% |
6.51% |
Class C shares commenced operations on October 1, 2009. |
Large-Cap Growth Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Five Years* |
Ten Years* |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
34.27% |
16.66% |
6.73% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
33.27% |
16.66% |
6.73% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
30.00% |
15.87% |
6.26% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
29.00% |
15.87% |
6.26% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
22.50% |
13.46% |
5.44% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
21.94% |
13.46% |
5.44% |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
96
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Large-Cap Value Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
28.37% |
12.14% |
6.55% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
27.37% |
12.14% |
6.55% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
27.00% |
11.80% |
6.26% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
26.00% |
11.80% |
6.26% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
17.13% |
9.71% |
5.33% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
16.57% |
9.71% |
5.33% |
Small-Cap Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years* |
Ten Years* |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
34.24% |
19.01% |
7.98% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
33.24% |
19.01% |
7.98% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
32.17% |
18.42% |
7.56% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
31.17% |
18.42% |
7.56% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
20.83% |
15.54% |
6.54% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
20.26% |
15.54% |
6.54% |
Small-Cap Value Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Five Years* |
Ten Years* |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
30.51% |
14.83% |
7.34% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
29.51% |
14.83% |
7.34% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
28.14% |
14.09% |
6.58% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
27.14% |
14.09% |
6.58% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
19.09% |
12.04% |
6.05% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
18.52% |
12.04% |
6.05% |
Special Equities Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
35.59% |
17.56% |
7.10% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
34.59% |
17.56% |
7.10% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
35.42% |
17.53% |
7.09% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
34.42% |
17.53% |
7.09% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
20.26% |
14.27% |
5.76% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
19.69% |
14.27% |
5.76% |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
97
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities.
At April 1,
2014
, the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned in the aggregate less than 1% of the outstanding shares of this Class. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:
Balanced Fund |
First Clearing LLC |
Saint Louis, MO |
14.7% |
|
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith |
Jacksonville, FL |
13.5% |
|
J.P. Morgan Clearing Corp. |
Brooklyn, NY |
12.0% |
|
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
8.3% |
|
Raymond James |
St. Petersburg, FL |
6.4% |
|
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
6.0% |
|
UBS WM USA |
Weehawken, NJ |
5.1% |
Dividend Builder Fund |
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
15.5% |
|
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith |
Jacksonville, FL |
15.5% |
|
First Clearing LLC |
Saint Louis, MO |
10.0% |
|
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
8.7% |
|
American Enterprise Investment SVCS |
Minneapolis, MN |
8.3% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
7.9% |
|
Raymond James |
St. Petersburg, FL |
5.5% |
Large-Cap Core Research Fund |
RBC Capital Markets LLC |
Minneapolis, MN |
47.4% |
|
LPL Financial |
San Diego, CA |
9.0% |
|
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith |
Jacksonville, FL |
6.9% |
|
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
5.2% |
Large-Cap Growth Fund |
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith |
Jacksonville, FL |
20.8% |
|
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
11.6% |
|
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
9.0% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
8.8% |
|
First Clearing LLC |
Saint Louis, MO |
6.7% |
|
Raymond James |
St. Petersburg, FL |
5.0% |
Large-Cap Value Fund |
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith |
Jacksonville, FL |
23.9% |
|
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
17.2% |
|
Raymond James |
St. Petersburg, FL |
8.8% |
|
UBS WM USA |
Weehawken, NJ |
7.4% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
6.4% |
|
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
6.2% |
|
First Clearing LLC |
Saint Louis, MO |
5.1% |
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
98
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Small-Cap Fund |
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith |
Jacksonville, FL |
17.7% |
|
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
14.1% |
|
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
9.3% |
|
First Clearing LLC |
Saint Louis, MO |
8.7% |
|
Raymond James |
St. Petersburg, FL |
5.2% |
Small-Cap Value Fund |
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith |
Jacksonville, FL |
15.3% |
|
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
8.6% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
8.4% |
|
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
8.2% |
|
Raymond James |
St. Petersburg, FL |
7.6% |
|
American Enterprise Investment SVC |
Minneapolis, MN |
5.7% |
Special Equities Fund |
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith |
Jacksonville, FL |
11.5% |
|
RBC Capital Markets LLC |
Minneapolis, MN |
12.5% |
|
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
12.4% |
|
Raymond James |
St. Petersburg, FL |
9.2% |
|
LPL Financial |
San Diego, CA |
7.7% |
|
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
7.0% |
|
First Clearing LLC |
Saint Louis, MO |
5.8% |
Beneficial owners of 25% or more of this Class of a Fund are presumed to be in control of the Class for purposes of voting on certain matters submitted to shareholders.
To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class as of such date.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
99
SAI dated May 1, 2014
APPENDIX D
Class I Performance and Ownership
Performance Information. The tables below indicate the average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment of $1,000 in this Class of shares for the periods shown in each table. Total return for the period prior to the commencement date indicated for each Fund except Real Estate Fund, reflects the total return of each Funds Class A shares calculated at net asset value. The total return shown below has not been adjusted to reflect certain expenses (such as distribution and/or service fees). If such adjustments were made, the Class I total return would be different. Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses. Performance would have been lower without subsidies.
Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested. Each Funds past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, a Funds current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted return. For the Funds performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.
About Returns After Taxes. After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions. After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Balanced Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes |
21.42% |
12.92% |
7.17% |
After Taxes on Distributions |
18.61% |
11.92% |
6.13% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption |
13.39% |
10.03% |
5.50% |
Class I shares commenced operations on September 28, 2012. |
|
|
|
Dividend Builder Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes |
25.72% |
12.39% |
10.37% |
After Taxes on Distributions |
25.20% |
11.74% |
9.55% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption |
14.91% |
9.91% |
8.70% |
Class I shares commenced operations on June 20, 2005. |
|
|
|
Large-Cap Core Research Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Five Years* |
Ten Years* |
Before Taxes |
33.14% |
15.86% |
8.44% |
After Taxes on Distributions |
29.10% |
14.67% |
7.67% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption |
20.74% |
12.80% |
6.91% |
Class I shares commenced operations on September 3, 2008. |
|
|
|
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Large-Cap Growth Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Five Years* |
Ten Years* |
Before Taxes |
35.61% |
17.84% |
7.71% |
After Taxes on Distributions |
31.72% |
17.11% |
7.27% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption |
22.98% |
14.47% |
6.27% |
Class I shares commenced operations on May 3, 2007. |
Large-Cap Value Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes |
29.65% |
13.26% |
7.58% |
After Taxes on Distributions |
27.96% |
12.73% |
7.13% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption |
18.07% |
10.66% |
6.21% |
Class I shares commenced operations on December 28, 2004. |
|
|
|
Real Estate Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Five Years* |
Life of Fund* |
Before Taxes |
0.76% |
15.97% |
4.67% |
After Taxes on Distributions |
0.30% |
15.13% |
3.58% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption |
0.48% |
12.57% |
3.23% |
Class I shares commenced operations on April 28, 2006. |
|
|
|
Small-Cap Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years* |
Ten Years* |
Before Taxes |
35.63% |
20.22% |
9.23% |
After Taxes on Distributions |
33.75% |
19.65% |
8.82% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption |
21.50% |
16.59% |
7.62% |
Class I shares commenced operations on September 2, 2008. |
|
|
|
Small-Cap Value Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Five Years* |
Ten Years* |
Before Taxes |
31.84% |
15.94% |
8.26% |
After Taxes on Distributions |
29.61% |
15.23% |
7.52% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption |
19.72% |
12.97% |
6.82% |
Class I shares commenced operations on October 1, 2009. |
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Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities.
At April 1,
2014
, the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned approximately 4.
3
% and 1.
7
% of the outstanding shares of this Class of Small-Cap Value Fund
and Balanced Fund, respectively. The Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned in the aggregate less than 1% (except as noted above) of the outstanding shares of this Class. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:
Balanced Fund |
Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. |
San Francisco, CA |
68.9% |
|
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith |
Jacksonville, FL |
11.3% |
|
First Clearing LLC |
Saint Louis, MO |
10.3% |
|
FIIOC FBO Looksmart Ltd. |
Covington, KY |
8.4% |
Dividend Builder Fund |
First Clearing LLC |
Saint Louis, MO |
24.6% |
|
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
21.9% |
|
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith |
Jacksonville, FL |
15.0% |
|
Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. |
San Francisco, CA |
9.9% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
8.2% |
Large-Cap Core Research Fund |
Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. |
San Francisco, CA |
33.7% |
|
EVTC Collective Investment Trust FBO Employee Benefit Plans Moderate Fund |
Boston, MA |
30.3% |
|
FIIOC FBO Bottomline Technologies DE Inc. |
Covington, KY |
6.0% |
Large-Cap Growth Fund |
Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. |
San Francisco, CA |
41.0% |
|
EVTC Collective Investment Trust FBO Employee Benefit Plans Moderate Fund |
Boston, MA |
17.4% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
9.3% |
|
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
5.8% |
|
SEI Private Trust Company |
Oaks, PA |
5.3% |
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Large-Cap Value Fund |
First Clearing LLC |
Saint Louis, MO |
23.1% |
|
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith |
Jacksonville, FL |
18.0% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
10.9% |
|
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
8.1% |
Real Estate Fund |
Eaton Vance Management |
Boston, MA |
50.4% |
|
Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. |
San Francisco, CA |
19.2% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
7.5% |
|
SEI Private Trust Company |
Oaks, PA |
7.6% |
Small-Cap Fund |
Vanguard Fiduciary Trust Company |
Wayne, PA |
48.5% |
|
Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. |
San Francisco, CA |
28.8% |
|
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith |
Jacksonville, FL |
9.1% |
Small-Cap Value Fund |
Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. |
San Francisco, CA |
74.7% |
|
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith |
Jacksonville, FL |
6.2% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
5.9% |
|
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
5.5% |
Special Equities Fund |
Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. |
San Francisco, CA |
25.3% |
|
USCGT DAF Growth & Income Fund |
Boston, MA |
22.6% |
|
EVTC Collective Investment Trust FBO Employee Benefit Plans Moderate Fund |
Boston, MA |
20.3% |
|
USCGT DAF Growth Fund |
Boston, MA |
16.9% |
Beneficial owners of 25% or more of this Class of a Fund are presumed to be in control of the Class for purposes of voting on certain matters submitted to shareholders.
To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class as of such date.
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APPENDIX E
Class R Fees, Performance & Ownership
Distribution and Service Fees.
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the following table shows for Large-Cap Growth Fund, Large-Cap Value Fund and Small-Cap Fund (1) distribution fees paid to the principal underwriter under the Distribution Plan, (2) total service fees paid, and (3) service fees paid to financial intermediaries. The service fees paid by the Funds that were not paid to financial intermediaries were retained by the principal underwriter.
Fund |
Distribution Fee
|
Total Service
|
Service Fees
|
Large-Cap Growth |
$4,974 |
$4,974 |
$9,857 |
Large-Cap Value |
451,783 |
451,783 |
887,959 |
Small-Cap |
233 |
233 |
519 |
Performance Information. The tables below indicate the average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment of $1,000 in this Class of shares for the periods shown in each table. Total return prior to the commencement date indicated for each Fund reflects the total return of the Funds Class A shares calculated at net asset value. The total return shown below has not been adjusted to reflect certain expenses (such as distribution and/or service fees). If such adjustments were made, the Class R total return would be different. Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses. Performance would have been lower without subsidies.
Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested. Each Funds past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, a Funds current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted return. For the Funds performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.
About Returns After Taxes. After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions. After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
Large-Cap Value Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year |
Five Years |
Ten Years |
Before Taxes |
29.01% |
12.69% |
7.09% |
After Taxes on Distributions |
27.48% |
12.25% |
6.72% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption |
17.61% |
10.17% |
5.79% |
Class R shares commenced operations on February 18, 2004. |
|
|
|
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Small-Cap Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Five Years* |
Ten Years* |
Before Taxes |
34.93% |
19.65% |
8.66% |
After Taxes on Distributions |
32.96% |
19.06% |
8.24% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption |
21.16% |
16.10% |
7.13% |
Class R shares commenced operations on August 3, 2009. |
|
|
|
Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities.
At April 1,
2014
, the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned in the aggregate less than 1% of the outstanding shares of this Class. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:
Large-Cap Growth Fund |
Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company |
Springfield, MA |
34.9% |
|
Reliance Trust Company FBO Volunteer BLI |
Atlanta, GA |
26.4% |
|
Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company |
Springfield, MA |
13.2% |
|
Taynik & Co. |
Boston, MA |
12.1% |
|
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith |
Jacksonville, FL |
5.1% |
Large-Cap Value Fund |
Hartford Life Insurance Company |
Windsor, CT |
25.0% |
|
ING Life Insurance and Annuity Co. |
Windsor, CT |
24.1% |
|
ING National Trust |
Windsor, CT |
11.1% |
|
Hartford Securities Distribution Co. Inc. as agent for Reliance Trust Co. |
Hartford, CT |
7.4% |
Small-Cap Fund |
Frontier Trust Company FBO ICM Products, Inc. 401K Profit Sharing |
Fargo, ND |
49.6% |
|
BOK TTE Haynes & Boone 401k FBO Rhonda Lesner |
Tulsa, OK |
22.1% |
|
BOK TTE Haynes & Boone 401k FBO Russell English |
Tulsa, OK |
14.8% |
|
National Financial Services LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
10.8% |
Beneficial owners of 25% or more of this Class of a Fund are presumed to be in control of the Class for purposes of voting on certain matters submitted to shareholders.
To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class as of such date.
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APPENDIX F
Eaton Vance Funds
Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures
I. Overview
The Boards of Trustees (the
“
Board
”
) of the Eaton Vance
Funds
1
have determined that it is in the interests of the Funds
’
shareholders to adopt these written proxy voting policy and procedures (the
“
Policy
”
). For purposes of this Policy:
•
“ Fund ” means each registered investment company sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization; and
•
“ Adviser ” means the adviser or sub-adviser responsible for the day-to-day management of all or a portion of the Fund ’ s assets.
II. Delegation of Proxy Voting Responsibilities
The Board hereby delegates to the Adviser responsibility for voting the Funds proxies as described in this Policy. In this connection, the Adviser is required to provide the Board with a copy of its proxy voting policies and procedures (Adviser Procedures) and all Fund proxies will be voted in accordance with the Adviser Procedures, provided that in the event a material conflict of interest arises with respect to a proxy to be voted for the Fund (as described in Section IV below) the Adviser shall follow the process for voting such proxy as described in Section IV below.
The Adviser is required to report any material change to the Adviser Procedures to the Board in the manner set forth in Section V below. In addition, the Board will review the Adviser Procedures annually.
III. Delegation of Proxy Voting Disclosure Responsibilities
Pursuant to Rule 30b1-4 promulgated under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “ 1940 Act ” ), the Fund is required to file Form N-PX no later than August 31st of each year. On Form N-PX, the Fund is required to disclose, among other things, information concerning proxies relating to the Funds portfolio investments, whether or not the Fund (or its Adviser) voted the proxies relating to securities held by the Fund and how it voted on the matter and whether it voted for or against management.
To facilitate the filing of Form N-PX for the Fund:
The Adviser is required to record, compile and transmit in a timely manner all data required to be filed on Form N-PX for the Fund that it manages. Such data shall be transmitted to Eaton Vance Management, which acts as administrator to the Fund (the Administrator) or the third party service provider designated by the Administrator; and
the Administrator is required to file Form N-PX on behalf of the Fund with the Securities and Exchange Commission (Commission) as required by the 1940 Act. The Administrator may delegate the filing to a third party service party provided each such filing is reviewed and approved by the Administrator.
IV. Conflicts of Interest
The Board expects the Adviser, as a fiduciary to the Fund it manages, to put the interests of the Fund and its shareholders above those of the Adviser. When required to vote a proxy for the Fund, the Adviser may have material business relationships with the issuer soliciting the proxy that could give rise to a potential material conflict of interest for the Adviser.
2
In the event such a material conflict of interest arises , the Adviser, to the extent it is aware or reasonably should have been aware of the material conflict, will refrain from voting any proxies related to companies giving rise to such material conflict until it notifies and consults with the appropriate Board, or any committee, sub-committee or group of Independent Trustees identified by the Board (as long as such committee, sub-committee or group contains at least two or more Independent Trustees) (the Board Members), concerning the material conflict.
3
For ease of communicating with the Board Members, the Adviser is required to provide the foregoing notice to the Funds Chief Legal Officer who will then notify and facilitate a consultation with the Board Members.
Once the Board Members have been notified of the material conflict:
They shall convene a meeting to review and consider all relevant materials related to the proxies involved. This meeting shall be convened within 3 business days, provided that it an effort will be made to convene the meeting sooner if the proxy must be voted in less than 3 business days;
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In considering such proxies, the Adviser shall make available all materials requested by the Board Members and make reasonably available appropriate personnel to discuss the matter upon request.
The Board Members will then instruct the Adviser on the appropriate course of action with respect to the proxy at issue.
If the Board Members are unable to meet and the failure to vote a proxy would have a material adverse impact on the Fund(s) involved, the Adviser will have the right to vote such proxy, provided that it discloses the existence of the material conflict to the Chairman of the Board as soon as practicable and to the Board at its next meeting. Any determination regarding the voting of proxies of the Fund that is made by the Board Members shall be deemed to be a good faith determination regarding the voting of proxies by the full Board.
V. Reports and Review
The Administrator shall make copies of each Form N-PX filed on behalf of the Fund available for the Boards ’ review upon the Board ’ ’ request. The Administrator (with input from the Adviser for the Fund) shall also provide any reports reasonably requested by the Board regarding the proxy voting records of the Fund.
The Adviser shall report any material changes to the Adviser Procedures to the Board as soon as practicable and the Boards will review the Adviser Procedures annually.
The Adviser also shall report any changes to the Adviser Procedures to the Fund Chief Legal Officer prior to implementing such changes in order to enable the Administrator to effectively coordinate the Funds disclosure relating to the Adviser Procedures.
To the extent requested by the Commission, the Policy and the Adviser Procedures shall be appended to the Funds statement of additional information included in its registration statement.
_____________________
1
The Eaton Vance Funds may be organized as trusts or corporations. For ease of reference, the Funds may be referred to herein as Trusts and the Funds Board of Trustees or Board of Directors may be referred to collectively herein as the Board.
2
An Adviser is expected to maintain a process for identifying a potential material conflict of interest. As an example only, such potential conflicts may arise when the issuer is a client of the Adviser and generates a significant
amount
of fees to the Adviser or the issuer is a distributor of the Advisers products.
3
If a material conflict of interest exists with respect to a particular proxy and the proxy voting procedures of the relevant Adviser require that proxies are to be voted in accordance with the recommendation of a third party proxy voting vendor, the requirements of this Section IV shall only apply if the Adviser intends to vote such proxy in a manner inconsistent with such third party recommendation.
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APPENDIX G
EATON VANCE MANAGEMENT
BOSTON MANAGEMENT AND RESEARCH
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
I. Introduction
Eaton Vance Management, Boston Management and Research and Eaton Vance Investment Counsel (each an Adviser and collectively the Advisers) have each adopted and implemented policies and procedures that each Adviser believes are reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best interest of clients, in accordance with its fiduciary duties and Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. The Advisers authority to vote the proxies of their clients is established by their advisory contracts or similar documentation, such as the Eaton Vance Funds Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures. These proxy policies and procedures reflect the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requirements governing advisers and the long-standing fiduciary standards and responsibilities for ERISA accounts set out in the Department of Labor Bulletin 94-2 C.F.R. 2509.94-2 (July 29, 1994).
II. Overview
Each Adviser manages its clients assets with the overriding goal of seeking to provide the greatest possible return to such clients consistent with governing laws and the investment policies of each client. In pursuing that goal, each Adviser seeks to exercise its clients rights as shareholders of voting securities to support sound corporate governance of the companies issuing those securities with the principle aim of maintaining or enhancing the companies economic value.
The exercise of shareholder rights is generally done by casting votes by proxy at shareholder meetings on matters submitted to shareholders for approval (for example, the election of directors or the approval of a companys stock option plans for directors, officers or employees). Each Adviser is adopting the formal written Guidelines described in detail below and will utilize such Guidelines in voting proxies on behalf of its clients. These Guidelines are designed to promote accountability of a companys management and board of directors to its shareholders and to align the interests of management with those of shareholders.
Each Adviser will vote any proxies received by a client for which it has sole investment discretion through a third-party proxy voting service (Agent) in accordance with customized policies, as approved by the Boards of Trustees of the Eaton Vance Funds and, with respect to proxies referred back to the Adviser by the Agent pursuant to the Guidelines, in a manner that is reasonably designed to eliminate any potential conflicts of interest, as described more fully below. The Agent is currently Institutional Shareholder Services Inc. Proxies will be voted in accordance with client-specific guidelines and an Eaton Vance Funds sub-advisers proxy voting policies and procedures, if applicable.
No set of guidelines can anticipate all situations that may arise. In special cases, the Proxy Administrator (the person specifically charged with the responsibility to oversee the Agent and coordinate the voting of proxies referred back to the Adviser by the Agent) may seek insight from the Proxy Group established by the Advisers. The Proxy Group will assist in the review of the Agents recommendation when a proxy voting issue is referred to the Proxy Group through the Proxy Administrator. The members of the Proxy Group, which may include employees of the Advisers affiliates, may change at the Advisers discretion.
III. Roles and Responsibilities
A. Proxy Administrator
The Proxy Administrator will assist in the coordination of the voting of each clients proxy in accordance with the Guidelines below and the Funds Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures. The Proxy Administrator is authorized to direct the Agent to vote a proxy in accordance with the Guidelines. Responsibilities assigned herein to the Proxy Administrator, or activities in support thereof, may be performed by such members of the Proxy Group or employees of the Advisers affiliates as are deemed appropriate by the Proxy Group.
B. Agent
An independent proxy voting service (the Agent), as approved by the Board of each Fund, shall be engaged to assist in the voting of proxies. The Agent is currently Institutional Shareholder Services Inc. The Agent is responsible for coordinating with the clients custodians and the Advisers to ensure that all proxy materials received by the custodians relating to the portfolio securities are processed in a timely fashion. The Agent is required to vote and/or refer all proxies in accordance with the Guidelines below. The Agent shall retain a record of all proxy votes handled by the Agent. Such record must reflect all of
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
the information required to be disclosed in a Funds Form N-PX pursuant to Rule 30b1-4 under the Investment Company Act of 1940. In addition, the Agent is responsible for maintaining copies of all proxy statements received by issuers and to promptly provide such materials to an Adviser upon request.
Subject to the oversight of the Advisers, the Agent shall establish and maintain adequate internal controls and policies in connection with the provision of proxy voting services to the Advisers, including methods to reasonably ensure that its analysis and recommendations are not influenced by a conflict of interest, and shall disclose such controls and policies to the Advisers when and as provided for herein. Unless otherwise specified, references herein to recommendations of the Agent shall refer to those in which no conflict of interest has been identified.
C. Proxy Group
The Adviser shall establish a Proxy Group which shall assist in the review of the Agents recommendations when a proxy voting issue has been referred to the Proxy Administrator by the Agent. The members of the Proxy Group, which may include employees of the Advisers affiliates, may be amended from time to time at the Advisers discretion.
For each proposal referred to the Proxy Group, the Proxy Group will review the (i) Guidelines, (ii) recommendations of the Agent, and (iii) any other resources that any member of the Proxy Group deems appropriate to aid in a determination of the recommendation.
If the Proxy Group recommends a vote in accordance with the Guidelines, or the recommendation of the Agent, where applicable, it shall instruct the Proxy Administrator to so advise the Agent.
If the Proxy Group recommends a vote contrary to the Guidelines, or the recommendation of the Agent, where applicable, or if the proxy statement relates to a conflicted company of the Agent, as determined by the Advisers, it shall follow the procedures for such voting outlined below.
The Proxy Administrator shall use best efforts to convene the Proxy Group with respect to all matters requiring its consideration. In the event the Proxy Group cannot meet in a timely manner in connection with a voting deadline, the Proxy Administrator shall follow the procedures for such voting outlined below.
IV. Proxy Voting Guidelines (Guidelines)
A. General Policies
It shall generally be the policy of the Advisers to take no action on a proxy for which no client holds a position or otherwise maintains an economic interest in the relevant security at the time the vote is to be cast.
In all cases except those highlighted below, it shall generally be the policy of the Advisers to vote in accordance with the recommendation by the Agent, Institutional Shareholder Services Inc.
When a fund client participates in the lending of its securities and the securities are on loan at the record date, proxies related to such securities generally will not be forwarded to the relevant Adviser by the funds custodian and therefore will not be voted. In the event that the Adviser determines that the matters involved would have a material effect on the applicable funds investment in the loaned securities, the fund will exercise its best efforts to terminate the loan in time to be able to cast such vote or exercise such consent.
Interpretation and application of these Guidelines is not intended to supersede any law, regulation, binding agreement or other legal requirement to which an issuer may be or become subject. The Guidelines relate to the types of proposals that are most frequently presented in proxy statements to shareholders. Absent unusual circumstances, each Adviser will utilize these Guidelines when voting proxies on behalf of its clients. The Guidelines may be revised at any time, provided such revisions are reported to the Boards of Trustees of the Eaton Vance Funds.
B. Proposals Regarding Mergers and Corporate Restructurings
The Agent shall be directed to refer proxy proposals accompanied by its written analysis and voting recommendation to the Proxy Administrator for all proposals relating to Mergers and Corporate Restructurings.
C. Proposals Regarding Mutual Fund Proxies Disposition of Assets/Termination/Liquidation and Mergers
The Agent shall be directed to refer proxy proposals accompanied by its written analysis and voting recommendation to the Proxy Administrator for all proposals relating to the Disposition of Assets/Termination/Liquidation and Mergers contained in mutual fund proxies.
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
D. Corporate Structure Matters/Anti-Takeover Defenses
As a general matter, the Advisers will normally vote against anti-takeover measures and other proposals designed to limit the ability of shareholders to act on possible transactions (except in the case of closed-end management investment companies).
E. Social and Environmental Issues
The Advisers generally support management on social and environmental proposals.
F. Voting Procedures
Upon receipt of a referral from the Agent or upon advice from an Eaton Vance investment professional, the Proxy Administrator may solicit additional research from the Agent, as well as from any other source or service.
1
WITHIN-GUIDELINES VOTES: Votes in Accordance with the Guidelines and/or, where applicable, Agent Recommendation
In the event the Proxy Administrator recommends a vote within Guidelines and/or, where applicable, in accordance with the Agents recommendation, the Proxy Administrator will instruct the Agent to vote in this manner.
2
NON-VOTES: Votes in Which No Action is Taken
The Proxy Administrator may recommend that a client refrain from voting under the following circumstances: (i) if the economic effect on shareholders interests or the value of the portfolio holding is indeterminable or insignificant, e.g., proxies in connection with securities no longer held in the portfolio of a client or proxies being considered on behalf of a client that is no longer in existence; or (ii) if the cost of voting a proxy outweighs the benefits, e.g., certain international proxies, particularly in cases in which share blocking practices may impose trading restrictions on the relevant portfolio security. In such instances, the Proxy Administrator may instruct the Agent not to vote such proxy.
Reasonable efforts shall be made to secure and vote all other proxies for the clients, but, particularly in markets in which shareholders rights are limited, Non-Votes may also occur in connection with a clients related inability to timely access ballots or other proxy information in connection with its portfolio securities.
Non-Votes may also result in certain cases in which the Agents recommendation has been deemed to be conflicted, as provided for herein.
3
OUT-OF-GUIDELINES VOTES: Votes Contrary to Guidelines, or Agent Recommendation, where applicable, Where No Recommendation is Provided by Agent, or Where Agents Recommendation is Conflicted
If the Proxy Administrator recommends that a client vote contrary to the Guidelines, or the recommendation of the Agent, where applicable, if the Agent has made no recommendation on a matter requiring case-by-case consideration and the Guidelines are silent, or the Agents recommendation on a matter requiring case-by-case consideration is deemed to be conflicted, the Proxy Administrator will forward the Agents analysis and recommendation and any research obtained from the Agent or any other source to the Proxy Group. The Proxy Group may consult with the Agent as it deems necessary. The Proxy Administrator will instruct the Agent to vote the proxy as recommended by the Proxy Group. The Adviser will provide a report to the Boards of Trustees of the Eaton Vance Funds reflecting any votes cast contrary to the Guidelines or Agent Recommendation, as applicable, and shall do so no less than annually.
The Proxy Administrator will maintain a record of all proxy questions that have been referred by the Agent, all applicable recommendations, analysis and research received and any resolution of the matter.
V. Recordkeeping
The Advisers will maintain records relating to the proxies they vote on behalf of their clients in accordance with Section 204-2 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. Those records will include:
A copy of the Advisers proxy voting policies and procedures;
Proxy statements received regarding client securities. Such proxy statements received from issuers are either in the SECs EDGAR database or are kept by the Agent and are available upon request;
A record of each vote cast;
A copy of any document created by the Advisers that was material to making a decision on how to vote a proxy for a client or that memorializes the basis for such a decision; and
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
110
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Each written client request for proxy voting records and the Advisers written response to any client request (whether written or oral) for such records.
All records described above will be maintained in an easily accessible place for five years and will be maintained in the offices of the Advisers or their Agent for two years after they are created.
VI. Assessment of Agent and Identification and Resolution of Conflicts with Clients
A. Assessment of Agent
The Advisers shall establish that the Agent (i) is independent from the Advisers, (ii) has resources that indicate it can competently provide analysis of proxy issues, and (iii) can make recommendations in an impartial manner and in the best interests of the clients and, where applicable, their beneficial owners. The Advisers shall utilize, and the Agent shall comply with, such methods for establishing the foregoing as the Advisers may deem reasonably appropriate and shall do so not less than annually as well as prior to engaging the services of any new proxy voting service. The Agent shall also notify the Advisers in writing within fifteen (15) calendar days of any material change to information previously provided to an Adviser in connection with establishing the Agents independence, competence or impartiality.
B. Conflicts of Interest
As fiduciaries to their clients, each Adviser puts the interests of its clients ahead of its own. In order to ensure that relevant personnel of the Advisers are able to identify potential material conflicts of interest, each Adviser will take the following steps:
Quarterly, the Eaton Vance Legal and Compliance Department will seek information from the department heads of each department of the Advisers and of Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. (EVD) (an affiliate of the Advisers and principal underwriter of certain Eaton Vance Funds). Each department head will be asked to provide a list of significant clients or prospective clients of the Advisers or EVD.
A representative of the Legal and Compliance Department will compile a list of the companies identified (the Conflicted Companies) and provide that list to the Proxy Administrator.
The Proxy Administrator will compare the list of Conflicted Companies with the names of companies for which he or she has been referred a proxy statement (the Proxy Companies). If a Conflicted Company is also a Proxy Company, the Proxy Administrator will report that fact to the Proxy Group.
If the Proxy Administrator expects to instruct the Agent to vote the proxy of the Conflicted Company strictly according to the Guidelines contained in these Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures (the Policies) or the recommendation of the Agent, as applicable, he or she will (i) inform the Proxy Group of that fact, (ii) instruct the Agent to vote the proxies and (iii) record the existence of the material conflict and the resolution of the matter.
If the Proxy Administrator intends to instruct the Agent to vote in a manner inconsistent with the Guidelines contained herein or the recommendation of the Agent, as applicable, the Proxy Group, in consultation with Eaton Vance senior management, will then determine if a material conflict of interest exists between the relevant Adviser and its clients. If the Proxy Group, in consultation with Eaton Vance senior management, determines that a material conflict exists, prior to instructing the Agent to vote any proxies relating to these Conflicted Companies the Adviser will seek instruction on how the proxy should be voted from:
The client, in the case of an individual or corporate client;
In the case of a Fund, its board of directors, any committee or sub-committee or group of Independent Trustees (as long as such committee, sub-committee or group contains at least two or more Independent Trustees); or
The adviser, in situations where the Adviser acts as a sub-adviser to such adviser.
The Adviser will provide all reasonable assistance to each party to enable such party to make an informed decision.
If the client, Fund board or adviser, as the case may be, fails to instruct the Adviser on how to vote the proxy, the Adviser will generally instruct the Agent, through the Proxy Administrator, to abstain from voting in order to avoid the appearance of impropriety. If however, the failure of the Adviser to vote its clients proxies would have a material adverse economic impact on the Advisers clients securities holdings in the Conflicted Company, the Adviser may instruct the Agent, through the Proxy Administrator, to vote such proxies in order to protect its clients interests. In either case, the Proxy Administrator will record the existence of the material conflict and the resolution of the matter.
Eaton Vance Domestic Equity Funds
111
SAI dated May 1, 2014
The Advisers shall also identify and address conflicts that may arise from time to time concerning the Agent. Upon the Advisers request, which shall be not less than annually, and within fifteen (15) calendar days of any material change to such information previously provided to an Adviser, the Agent shall provide the Advisers with such information as the Advisers deem reasonable and appropriate for use in determining material relationships of the Agent that may pose a conflict of interest with respect to the Agents proxy analysis or recommendations. Such information shall include, but is not limited to, a monthly report from the Agent detailing the Agents Corporate Securities Division clients and related revenue data. The Advisers shall review such information on a monthly basis. The Proxy Administrator shall instruct the Agent to refer any proxies for which a material conflict of the Agent is deemed to be present to the Proxy Administrator. Any such proxy referred by the Agent shall be referred to the Proxy Group for consideration accompanied by the Agents written analysis and voting recommendation. The Proxy Administrator will instruct the Agent to vote the proxy as recommended by the Proxy Group.
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
STATEMENT OF
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
May 1,
2014
Parametric Absolute Return Fund
Investor Class Shares - EOAAX Institutional Class Shares - EOAIX
Parametric Commodity Strategy Fund
Investor Class Shares - EAPCX Institutional Class Shares - EIPCX
Two International Place
Boston, Massachusetts 02110
1-800-260-0761
This Statement of Additional Information (SAI) provides general information about the Funds. Parametric Absolute Return Fund is a diversified
, open-end management investment company
and Parametric Commodity Strategy Fund is a non-diversified, open-end management investment company. Parametric Absolute Return Fund is a series of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust
.
Parametric Commodity Strategy Fund is a series of Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust. Capitalized terms used in this SAI and not otherwise defined have the meanings given to them in the Prospectus.
This SAI contains additional information about:
|
Page |
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|
Page |
Strategies and Risks |
2 |
|
Sales Charges |
21 |
Investment Restrictions |
4 |
|
Performance |
22 |
Management and Organization |
6 |
|
Taxes |
24 |
Investment Advisory and Administrative Services |
14 |
|
Portfolio Securities Transactions |
32 |
Other Service Providers |
19 |
|
Financial Statements |
34 |
Calculation of Net Asset Value |
19 |
|
Additional Information About Investment Strategies |
34 |
Purchasing and Redeeming Shares |
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appendix A: Investor Class Fees, Performance and Ownership |
65 |
|
Appendix D: Eaton Vance Funds Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures |
78 |
Appendix B: Institutional Class Performance and Ownership |
67 |
|
Appendix E: Adviser Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures |
80 |
Appendix C: Ratings |
69 |
|
Appendix F: Parametric Portfolio Associates LLC Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures |
84 |
Although each Fund offers only its shares of beneficial interest, it is possible that a Fund (or Class) might become liable for a misstatement or omission in this SAI regarding another Fund (or Class) because the Funds use this combined SAI.
This SAI is NOT a prospectus and is authorized for distribution to prospective investors only if preceded or accompanied by the Fund Prospectus dated May 1,
2014
, as supplemented from time to time, which is incorporated herein by reference. This SAI should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus, which may be obtained by calling 1-800-260-0761.
©
2014
Eaton Vance Management
Definitions
The following terms that may be used in this SAI have the meaning set forth below:
“ 1940 Act ” means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended;
“ 1933 Act ” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended;
Board means Board of Trustees or Board of Directors, as applicable;
CEA means Commodity Exchange Act;
CFTC means the
Commodity
Futures Trading Commission;
Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended;
Eaton Vance family of funds means all registered investment companies advised, administered and/or distributed by Eaton Vance or its affiliates;
Eaton Vance funds means the mutual funds sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization;
Exchange means the New York Stock Exchange;
FINRA means the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority;
Fund means the Fund or Funds listed on the cover of this SAI unless stated otherwise;
investment adviser means the investment adviser identified in the prospectus and, with respect to the implementation of the Funds investment strategies (including as described under Taxes) and portfolio securities transactions, any sub-adviser identified in the prospectus;
IRS means the Internal Revenue Service;
Portfolio means a registered investment company (other than the Fund) sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization in which one or more Funds and other investors may invest substantially all or any portion of their assets;
Subsidiary means a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Fund or the Portfolio as described in the prospectus, if applicable;
SEC means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission; and
Trust means Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust (Mutual Funds Trust) and Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (Special Investment Trust).
STRATEGIES AND RISKS
The Fund prospectus identifies the types of investments in which the Fund will principally invest in seeking its investment objective(s) and the principal risks associated therewith. The categories checked in the table below are all of the investments the Fund is permitted to make, including its principal investments and the investment practices the Fund (either directly or through one or more Portfolios as may be described in the prospectus) is permitted to engage in. To the extent that an investment type or practice listed below is not identified in the Fund prospectus as a principal investment, the Fund generally expects to invest less than 5% of its total assets in such investment type. If a particular investment type that is checked and listed below but not referred to in the prospectus becomes a more significant part of the Funds strategy, the prospectus may be amended to disclose that investment. Information about the various investment types and practices and the associated risks checked below is included in alphabetical order in this SAI under Additional Information about Investment Strategies.
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
2
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Investment Type |
Permitted for or Relevant to |
|
|
Absolute Return Fund |
Commodity Strategy Fund |
Asset-Backed Securities (ABS) |
√ |
|
Auction Rate Securities |
|
|
Build America Bonds |
|
|
Call and Put Features on Obligations |
√ |
|
Cash Equivalents |
√ |
√ |
Collateralized Mortgage Obligations ( “ CMOs ” ) |
√ |
|
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities ( “ CMBS ” ) |
√ |
|
Commodity-Related Investments |
|
√ |
Common Stocks |
√ |
|
Convertible Securities |
√ |
|
Credit Linked Securities |
|
|
Derivative Instruments and Related Risks |
√ |
√ |
Direct Investments |
|
|
Emerging Market Investments |
√ |
|
Equity Investments |
√ |
|
Equity Linked Securities |
|
|
Exchange-Traded Funds ( “ ETFs ” ) |
|
√ |
Exchange-Traded Notes ( “ ETNs ” ) |
|
√ |
Fixed-Income Securities |
√ |
√ |
Foreign Currency Transactions |
|
|
Foreign Investments |
√ |
|
Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts |
|
|
Forward Rate Agreements |
|
|
Futures Contracts |
|
√ |
High Yield Securities |
|
|
Hybrid Instruments |
|
|
Illiquid Securities |
√ |
√ |
Indexed Securities |
|
√ |
Inflation-Indexed (or Inflation-Linked) Bonds |
√ |
|
Junior Loans |
|
|
Liquidity or Protective Put Agreements |
|
|
Loans |
|
|
Master Limited Partnerships ( “ MLPs ” ) |
|
|
Mortgage-Backed Securities ( “ MBS ” ) |
√ |
|
Mortgage Dollar Rolls |
|
|
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
3
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Investment Type |
Permitted for or Relevant to |
|
|
Absolute Return Fund |
Commodity Strategy Fund |
Municipal Lease Obligations ( “ MLOs ” ) |
|
|
Municipal Obligations |
|
|
Option Contracts |
√ |
√ |
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
√ |
√ |
Preferred Securities |
√ |
|
Real Estate Investment Trusts ( “ REITs ” ). |
|
|
Repurchase Agreements |
√ |
|
Residual Interest Bonds |
|
|
Reverse Repurchase Agreements |
√ |
|
Rights and Warrants |
|
|
Royalty Bonds |
|
|
Securities with Equity and Debt Characteristics |
√ |
|
Senior Loans |
|
|
Short Sales |
|
|
Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities ( “ SMBS ” ) |
|
|
Structured Notes |
|
√ |
Swap Agreements |
|
√ |
Swaptions |
|
|
Trust Certificates |
|
|
U.S. Government Securities |
√ |
√ |
Unlisted Securities |
|
|
Variable Rate Obligations |
√ |
|
When-Issued Securities, Delayed Delivery and Forward Commitments |
√ |
|
Zero Coupon Bonds |
√ |
|
Other Disclosures Regarding Investment Practices |
Permitted for or Relevant to |
|
|
Absolute Return Fund |
Commodity Strategy Fund |
Asset Coverage |
√ |
√ |
Average Effective Maturity |
√ |
|
Borrowing for Investment Purposes |
|
|
Borrowing for Temporary Purposes |
√ |
√ |
Diversified Status |
√ |
|
Dividend Capture Trading |
|
|
Duration |
√ |
√ |
Events Regarding FNMA and FHLMC |
√ |
|
Investing in a Portfolio |
|
|
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
4
SAI dated May 1, 2014
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
The following investment restrictions of each Fund are designated as fundamental policies and as such cannot be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of a Funds outstanding voting securities, which as used in this SAI means the lesser of: (a) 67% of the shares of a Fund present or represented by proxy at a meeting if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares are present or represented at the meeting; or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of a Fund. Accordingly, each Fund may not:
The fundamental investment restrictions for Absolute Return Fund are stated below. The Fund may not:
(1)
Borrow money or issue senior securities except as permitted by the 1940 Act;
(2)
Purchase securities on margin (but the Fund may obtain such short-term credits as may be necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of securities). The deposit or payment by the Fund of initial, maintenance or variation margin in connection with all types of options and futures contract transactions is not considered the purchase of a security on margin;
(3)
Underwrite or participate in the marketing of securities of others, except insofar as it may technically be deemed to be an underwriter in selling a portfolio security under circumstances which may require the registration of the same under the Securities Act of 1933;
(4)
Purchase or sell real estate, although it may purchase and sell securities which are secured by real estate and securities of companies which invest or deal in real estate;
(5)
Make loans to other persons, except by (a) the acquisition of debt securities and making portfolio investments, (b) entering into repurchase agreements (c) lending portfolio securities and (d) lending cash consistent with applicable law;
(6)
With respect to 75% of its total assets, invest more than 5% of its total assets (taken at current value) in the securities of any one issuer, or invest in more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer, except obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities and except securities of other investment companies; or
(7)
Concentrate its investments in any particular industry, but, if deemed appropriate for the Funds objective, up to (but less than) 25% of the value of its assets may be invested in securities of companies in any one industry (although more than 25% may be invested in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or its agencies or instrumentalities).
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
5
SAI dated May 1, 2014
In addition, the Fund may:
(8)
Purchase and sell commodities and commodities contracts of all types and kinds (including without limitation futures contracts, options on futures contracts and other commodities-related investments) to the extent permitted by law.
For purposes of determining industry classifications, the investment adviser considers an issuer to be in a particular industry if a third party has designated the issuer to be in that industry, unless the investment adviser is aware of circumstances that make the third partys classification inappropriate. In such a case, the investment adviser will assign an industry classification to the issuer.
The fundamental investment restrictions for Commodity Strategy Fund are stated below. The Fund may not:
(1)
Borrow money or issue senior securities except as permitted by the 1940 Act;
(2)
Purchase securities on margin (but the Fund may obtain such short-term credits as may be necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of securities). The deposit or payment by the Fund of initial or maintenance margin in connection with futures contracts or related options transactions is not considered the purchase of a security on margin;
(3)
Underwrite or participate in the marketing of securities of others, except insofar as it may technically be deemed to be an underwriter in selling a portfolio security under circumstances which may require the registration of the same under the 1933 Act;
(4)
Purchase or sell real estate (including limited partnership interests in real estate but excluding readily marketable interests in real estate investment trusts or readily marketable securities of companies which invest or deal in real estate or securities which are secured by real estate);
(5)
Make loans to any person except by (a) the acquisition of debt instruments and making portfolio investments, (b) entering into repurchase agreements and (c) lending portfolio securities;
(6)
Concentrate its investments in any particular industry, but, if deemed appropriate for the Funds objective, up to (but less than) 25% of the value of its assets may be invested in securities of companies in any one industry (although more than 25% may be invested in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or its agencies or instrumentalities).
In addition, the Fund may:
(7)
Purchase and sell commodities and commodities contracts of all types and kinds (including without limitation futures contracts, options on futures contracts and other commodities-related investments) to the extent permitted by law.
(8)
Invest 25% or more of its total assets in securities, commodity-linked notes and other instruments, including futures and forward contracts, related options and swaps, linked to one or more of the agriculture, energy and natural resources, livestock, precious metals, industrial metals and other sectors of the commodities market. The individual components of an index will be considered as separate industries for this purpose. The Fund may also invest more than 25% of total assets in a group of industries.
For purposes of the Commodity Strategy Funds investment restrictions and diversification status, the determination of the issuer of any obligation will be made by the Commodity Strategy Funds investment adviser or sub-adviser on the basis of the characteristics of the obligation and other relevant factors, the most significant of which is the source of funds committed to meeting interest and principal payments of such obligations.
Each
Funds borrowing policy is consistent with Section 18(f) of the 1940 Act, which states that it shall be unlawful for any registered open-end company to issue any class of senior security or to sell any senior security of which it is the issuer, except that any such registered company shall be permitted to borrow from any bank; provided, that immediately after any such borrowing there is an asset coverage of at least 300% for all borrowings of such registered company; and provided further, that in the event that such asset coverage shall at any time fall below 300% such registered company shall, within three days thereafter (not including Sundays and holidays) or such longer period as the SEC may prescribe by rules and regulations, reduce the amount of its borrowings to an extent that the asset coverage of such borrowings shall be at least 300%. Reverse repurchase agreements are included in borrowings for purposes of complying with the foregoing.
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
6
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Notwithstanding its investment policies and restrictions, each Fund may, in compliance with the requirements of the 1940 Act, invest: (i) all of its investable assets in an open-end management investment company with substantially the same investment objective(s), policies and restrictions as the Fund; or (ii) in more than one open-end management investment company sponsored by Eaton Vance or its affiliates, provided any such company has investment objective(s), policies and restrictions that are consistent with those of the Fund.
In addition, to the extent a registered open-end investment company acquires securities of a portfolio in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(G) under the 1940 Act, such portfolio shall not acquire any securities of a registered open-end investment company in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(G) under the 1940 Act.
The following nonfundamental investment policies have been adopted by each Fund. A nonfundamental investment policy may be changed by the Board with respect to a Fund without approval by the Funds shareholders. Each Fund will not:
make short sales of securities or maintain a short position, unless at all times when a short position is open (i) it owns an equal amount of such securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable, without payment of any further consideration, for securities of the same issue as, and equal in amount to, the securities sold short or (ii) it holds in a segregated account cash or other liquid securities (to the extent required under the 1940 Act) in an amount equal to the current market value of the securities sold short, and unless not more than 25% of its net assets (taken at current value) is held as collateral for such sales at any one time; or
invest more than 15% of net assets in investments which are not readily marketable, including restricted securities and repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days. Restricted securities for the purposes of this limitation do not include securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A under the 1933 Act and commercial paper issued pursuant to Section 4(2) of said Act that the members of the Board, or their delegate, determines to be liquid. Any such determination by a delegate will be made pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board. When investing in Rule 144A securities, the level of portfolio illiquidity may be increased to the extent that eligible buyers become uninterested in purchasing such securities.
Whenever an investment policy or investment restriction set forth in the Prospectus or this SAI states a maximum percentage of assets that may be invested in any security or other asset, or describes a policy regarding quality standards, such percentage limitation or standard shall be determined immediately after and as a result of the acquisition by a Fund of such security or asset. Accordingly, unless otherwise noted, any later increase or decrease resulting from a change in values, assets or other circumstances or any subsequent rating change made by a rating service (or as determined by the investment adviser if the security is not rated by a rating agency), will not compel a Fund to dispose of such security or other asset. However, a Fund must always be in compliance with the borrowing policy and limitation on investing in illiquid securities set forth above. If a sale of securities is required to comply with the 15% limit on illiquid securities, such sales will be made in an orderly manner with consideration of the best interests of shareholders.
MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION
Fund Management. The Trustees of the Trust are responsible for the overall management and supervision of the affairs of the Trust. The Board members and officers of the Trust are listed below. Except as indicated, each individual has held the office shown or other offices in the same company for the last five years. Board members and officers of the Trust hold indefinite terms of office. The noninterested Trustees consist of those Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust, as that term is defined under the 1940 Act. The business address of each Board member and officer is Two International Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02110. As used in this SAI, BMR refers to Boston Management and Research, EVC refers to Eaton Vance Corp., EV refers to Eaton Vance, Inc., Eaton Vance refers to Eaton Vance Management and EVD refers to Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. (see Principal Underwriter under Other Service Providers). EVC and EV are the corporate parent and trustee, respectively, of Eaton Vance and BMR. Each officer affiliated with Eaton Vance may hold a position with other Eaton Vance affiliates that is comparable to his or her position with Eaton Vance listed below.
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
7
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Name and Year of Birth |
|
Trust
|
|
Term of Office and
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years
|
|
Number of Portfolios
|
|
Other Directorships Held
|
Interested Trustee |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
THOMAS E. FAUST JR.
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2007 |
|
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of EVC, Director and President of EV, Chief Executive Officer and President of Eaton Vance and BMR, and Director of EVD. Trustee and/or officer of 182 registered investment companies. Mr. Faust is an interested person because of his positions with BMR, Eaton Vance, EVC, EVD and EV, which are affiliates of the Trust. |
|
182 |
|
Director of EVC and Hexavest Inc. |
Noninterested Trustees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SCOTT E. ESTON
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2011 |
|
Private investor. Formerly held various positions at Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo and Co., L.L.C. (investment management firm) (1997-2009), including Chief Operating Officer (2002-2009), Chief Financial Officer (1997-2009) and Chairman of the Executive Committee (2002-2008); President and Principal Executive Officer, GMO Trust (open-end registered investment company) (2006-2009). Former Partner, Coopers and Lybrand L.L.P. (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) (public accounting firm) (1987-1997). |
|
182 |
|
None |
ALLEN R. FREEDMAN
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2007 |
|
Private investor. Former Chairman (2002-2004) and a Director (1983-2004) of Systems & Computer Technology Corp. (provider of software to higher education). Formerly, a Director of Loring Ward International (fund distributor) (2005-2007). Former Chairman and a Director of Indus International, Inc. (provider of enterprise management software to the power generating industry) (2005-2007). Former Chief Executive Officer of Assurant, Inc. (insurance provider) (1979-2000). |
|
182 |
|
Director of Stonemor Partners L.P. (owner and operator of cemeteries). Formerly, Director of Assurant, Inc. (insurance provider) (1979-2011). |
VALERIE A. MOSLEY
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2014 |
|
Chairwoman and Chief Executive Officer of Valmo Ventures (a consulting and investment firm). Former Partner and Senior Vice President, Portfolio Manager and Investment Strategist at Wellington Management Company, LLP (investment management firm) (1992-2012). Former Chief Investment Officer, PG Corbin Asset Management (1990-1992). Formerly worked in institutional corporate bond sales at Kidder Peabody (1986-1990). |
|
182 |
|
Director of Dynex Capital, Inc. (mortgage REIT) (since 2013). |
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
8
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Name and Year of Birth |
|
Trust
|
|
Term of Office and
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years
|
|
Number of Portfolios
|
|
Other Directorships Held
|
WILLIAM H. PARK
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2003 |
|
Consultant and private investor. Formerly, Chief Financial Officer, Aveon Group, L.P. (investment management firm) (2010-2011). Formerly, Vice Chairman, Commercial Industrial Finance Corp. (specialty finance company) (2006-2010). Formerly, President and Chief Executive Officer, Prizm Capital Management, LLC (investment management firm) (2002-2005). Formerly, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, United Asset Management Corporation (investment management firm) (1982-2001). Formerly, Senior Manager, Price Waterhouse (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) (an independent registered public accounting firm) (1972-1981). |
|
182 |
|
None |
RONALD A. PEARLMAN
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2003 |
|
Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center. Formerly, Deputy Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy) and Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy), U.S. Department of the Treasury (1983-1985). Formerly, Chief of Staff, Joint Committee on Taxation, U.S. Congress (1988-1990). |
|
182 |
|
None |
HELEN FRAME PETERS
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2008 |
|
Professor of Finance, Carroll School of Management, Boston College. Formerly, Dean, Carroll School of Management, Boston College (2000-2002). Formerly, Chief Investment Officer, Fixed Income, Scudder Kemper Investments (investment management firm) (1998-1999). Formerly, Chief Investment Officer, Equity and Fixed Income, Colonial Management Associates (investment management firm) (1991-1998). |
|
182 |
|
Formerly, Director of BJs Wholesale Club, Inc. (wholesale club retailer) (2004-2011). Formerly, Trustee of SPDR Index Shares Funds and SPDR Series Trust (exchange traded funds) (2000-2009). Formerly, Director of Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (a bank for banks) (2007-2009). |
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
9
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Name and Year of Birth |
|
Trust
|
|
Term of Office and
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years
|
|
Number of Portfolios
|
|
Other Directorships Held
|
HARRIETT TEE TAGGART
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2011 |
|
Managing Director, Taggart Associates (a professional practice firm). Formerly, Partner and Senior Vice President, Wellington Management Company, LLP (investment management firm) (1983-2006). |
|
182 |
|
Director of Albemarle Corporation (chemicals manufacturer) (since 2007) and The Hanover Group (specialty property and casualty insurance company) (since 2009). Formerly, Director of Lubrizol Corporation (specialty chemicals) (2007-2011). |
RALPH F. VERNI
|
|
Chairman of the Board and Trustee |
|
Chairman of the Board since 2007 and Trustee since 2005 |
|
Consultant and private investor. Formerly, Chief Investment Officer (1982-1992), Chief Financial Officer (1988-1990) and Director (1982-1992), New England Life. Formerly, Chairperson, New England Mutual Funds (1982-1992). Formerly, President and Chief Executive Officer, State Street Management & Research (1992-2000). Formerly, Chairperson, State Street Research Mutual Funds (1992-2000). Formerly, Director, W.P. Carey, LLC (1998-2004) and First Pioneer Farm Credit Corp. (2002-2006). |
|
182 |
|
None |
(1)
Includes both master and feeder funds in a master-feeder structure.
(2)
During their respective tenures, the Trustees (except for
Ms.
Mosley
) also served as Board members of one or more of the following funds (which operated in the years noted):
eUnits
TM
2 Year U.S. Equity Market Participation Trust: Upside to Cap / Buffered Downside (launched in 2012 and terminated in 2014);
Eaton Vance Credit Opportunities Fund (launched in 2005 and terminated in 2010); Eaton Vance Insured Florida Plus Municipal Bond Fund (launched in 2002 and terminated in 2009); and Eaton Vance National Municipal Income Trust (launched in 1998 and terminated in 2009).
*
Prior to 2013, Mr.
Swaffield
served as
Vice President
of
each
Trust
since
2011
.
The Board has general oversight responsibility with respect to the business and affairs of the Trust and each Fund. The Board has engaged an investment adviser and (if applicable) a sub-adviser (collectively the adviser) to manage each Fund and an administrator to administer each Fund and is responsible for overseeing such adviser and administrator and other service providers to the Trust and the Fund. The Board is currently composed of
nine
Trustees, including
eight
Trustees who are not interested persons of a Fund, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act (each a noninterested Trustee). In addition to eight regularly scheduled meetings per year, the Board holds special meetings or informal conference calls to discuss specific matters that may require action prior to the next regular meeting. As discussed below, the Board has established five committees to assist the Board in performing its oversight responsibilities.
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
10
SAI dated May 1, 2014
The Board has appointed a noninterested Trustee to serve in the role of Chairman. The Chairmans primary role is to participate in the preparation of the agenda for meetings of the Board and the identification of information to be presented to the Board with respect to matters to be acted upon by the Board. The Chairman also presides at all meetings of the Board and acts as a liaison with service providers, officers, attorneys, and other Board members generally between meetings. The Chairman may perform such other functions as may be requested by the Board from time to time. Except for any duties specified herein or pursuant to the Trusts Declaration of Trust or By-laws, the designation of Chairman does not impose on such noninterested Trustee any duties, obligations or liability that is greater than the duties, obligations or liability imposed on such person as a member of the Board, generally.
Each Fund and the Trust are subject to a number of risks, including, among others, investment, compliance, operational, and valuation risks. Risk oversight is part of the Boards general oversight of each Fund and the Trust and is addressed as part of various activities of the Board and its Committees. As part of its oversight of each Fund and the Trust, the Board directly, or through a Committee, relies on and reviews reports from, among others, Fund management, the adviser, the administrator, the principal underwriter, the Chief Compliance Officer (the CCO), and other Fund service providers responsible for day-to-day oversight of Fund investments, operations and compliance to assist the Board in identifying and understanding the nature and extent of risks and determining whether, and to what extent, such risks can or should be mitigated. The Board also interacts with the CCO and with senior personnel of the adviser, administrator, principal underwriter and other Fund service providers and provides input on risk management issues during meetings of the Board and its Committees. Each of the adviser, administrator, principal underwriter and the other Fund service providers has its own, independent interest and responsibilities in risk management, and its policies and methods for carrying out risk management functions will depend, in part, on its individual priorities, resources and controls. It is not possible to identify all of the risks that may affect a Fund or to develop processes and controls to eliminate or mitigate their occurrence or effects. Moreover, it is necessary to bear certain risks (such as investment-related risks) to achieve each Funds goals.
The Board, with the assistance of management and with input from the Board's various committees, reviews investment policies and risks in connection with its review of Fund performance. The Board has appointed a Fund Chief Compliance Officer who oversees the implementation and testing of the Fund compliance program and reports to the Board regarding compliance matters for the Funds and their principal service providers. In addition, as part of the Boards periodic review of the advisory, subadvisory (if applicable), distribution and other service provider agreements, the Board may consider risk management aspects of their operations and the functions for which they are responsible. With respect to valuation, the Board approves and periodically reviews valuation policies and procedures applicable to valuing each Funds shares. The administrator, the investment adviser and the sub-adviser (if applicable) are responsible for the implementation and day-to-day administration of these valuation policies and procedures and provides reports
to the
Audit Committee of the Board and the
Board regarding these and related matters. In addition, the
Audit Committee of the
Board or
the Board receives reports periodically from the independent public accounting firm for the Funds regarding tests performed by such firm on the valuation of all securities, as well as with respect to other risks associated with mutual funds. Reports received from service providers, legal counsel and the independent public accounting firm assist the Board in performing its oversight function.
The Trusts Declaration of Trust does not set forth any specific qualifications to serve as a Trustee. The Charter of the Governance Committee also does not set forth any specific qualifications, but does set forth certain factors that the Committee may take into account in considering noninterested Trustee candidates. In general, no one factor is decisive in the selection of an individual to join the Board. Among the factors the Board considers when concluding that an individual should serve on the Board are the following: (i) knowledge in matters relating to the mutual fund industry; (ii) experience as a director or senior officer of public companies; (iii) educational background; (iv) reputation for high ethical standards and professional integrity; (v) specific financial, technical or other expertise, and the extent to which such expertise would complement the Board members existing mix of skills, core competencies and qualifications; (vi) perceived ability to contribute to the ongoing functions of the Board, including the ability and commitment to attend meetings regularly and work collaboratively with other members of the Board; (vii) the ability to qualify as a noninterested Trustee for purposes of the 1940 Act and any other actual or potential conflicts of interest involving the individual and the Fund; and (viii) such other factors as the Board determines to be relevant in light of the existing composition of the Board.
Among the attributes or skills common to all Board members are their ability to review critically, evaluate, question and discuss information provided to them, to interact effectively with the other members of the Board, management, sub-advisers, other service providers, counsel and independent registered public accounting firms, and to exercise effective and independent business judgment in the performance of their duties as members of the Board. Each Board members ability to perform his or her duties effectively has been attained through the Board members business, consulting, public service and/or academic positions and through experience from service as a member of the Boards of the Eaton Vance family of funds (Eaton Vance Fund Boards) (and/or in other capacities, including for any predecessor funds), public companies, or non-profit entities or other
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
11
SAI dated May 1, 2014
organizations as set forth below. Each Board members ability to perform his or her duties effectively also has been enhanced by his or her educational background, professional training, and/or other life experiences.
In respect of each current member of the Board, the individuals substantial professional accomplishments and experience, including in fields related to the operations of registered investment companies, were a significant factor in the determination that the individual should serve as a member of the Board. The following is a summary of each Board members particular professional experience and additional considerations that contributed to the Boards conclusion that he or she should serve as a member of the Board:
Scott E. Eston.
Mr. Eston has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2011. He currently serves on the
board and on the
investment
committee
of
Michigan State University Foundation, and on the
investment
advisory committee of Michigan State University
. From 1997 through 2009, Mr. Eston served in several capacities at Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo and Co. (GMO), including as Chairman of the Executive Committee and Chief Operating and Chief Financial Officer, and also as the President and Principal Executive officer of GMO Trust, an affiliated open-end registered investment company. From 1978 through 1997, Mr. Eston was employed at Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P. (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) (since 1987 as a Partner).
Thomas E. Faust Jr.
Mr. Faust has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2007. He is currently Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of EVC, Director and President of EV, Chief Executive Officer and President of Eaton Vance and BMR, and Director of EVD. Mr. Faust has served as a Director of Hexavest Inc. since 2012. Mr. Faust previously served as an equity analyst, portfolio manager, Director of Equity Research and Management and Chief Investment Officer of Eaton Vance (1985-2007). He holds B.S. degrees in Mechanical Engineering and Economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and an MBA from Harvard Business School. Mr. Faust has been a Chartered Financial Analyst since 1988.
Allen R. Freedman. Mr. Freedman has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2007 and is the Chairperson of the Governance Committee. Mr. Freedman also serves as a Director of Stonemor Partners L.P. where he also serves as the Chair of the Audit Committee and a member of the Trust and Compliance Committee. Mr. Freedman was previously a Director of Assurant, Inc. from 1979-2011, a Director of Systems & Computer Technology Corp. from 1983-2004 and Chairman from 2002-2004, a Director of Loring Ward International from 2005-2007 and Chairman and a Director of Indus International, Inc. from 2005-2007. Mr. Freedman was formerly the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Fortis, Inc. (predecessor to Assurant, Inc.), a specialty insurance company from which he retired in 2000. Mr. Freedman also served as a Director of the Fortis Mutual Funds and First Fortis Life Insurance Company. Mr. Freedman is a founding director of the Association of Audit Committee Members, Inc.
Valerie A. Mosley. Ms. Mosley has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since January 1, 2014. She currently owns and manages a consulting and investment firm, Valmo Ventures. From 1992 through 2012, Ms. Mosley served in several capacities at Wellington Management Company, LLP, an investment management firm, including as a Partner, Senior Vice President, Portfolio Manager and Investment Strategist. Ms. Mosley also served as Chief Investment Officer at PG Corbin Asset Management from 1990-1992 and worked in institutional corporate bond sales at Kidder Peabody from 1986-1990. Ms. Mosley is a Director of Dynex Capital, Inc., a mortgage REIT, and also serves as a trustee or board member of several major non-profit organizations and endowments, including Wheelock Colleges endowment, Mass Ventures, a quasi-public early-stage investment corporation active in Massachusetts, and the Federal Reserve Bank of Bostons Advisory Board for Diversity.
William H. Park. Mr. Park has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2003 and is the Chairperson of the Audit Committee. Mr. Park was formerly the Chief Financial Officer of Aveon Group, L.P. from 2010-2011. Mr. Park also served as Vice Chairman of Commercial Industrial Finance Corp. from 2006-2010, as President and Chief Executive Officer of Prizm Capital Management, LLC from 2002-2005, as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of United Asset Management Corporation from 1982-2001 and as Senior Manager of Price Waterhouse (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) from 1972-1981.
Ronald A. Pearlman. Mr. Pearlman has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2003 and is the Chairperson of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee. He is a Professor of Law at Georgetown University Law Center. Previously, Mr. Pearlman was Deputy Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy) and Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy), U.S. Department of the Treasury from 1983-1985 and served as Chief of Staff, Joint Committee on Taxation, U.S. Congress from 1988-1990. Mr. Pearlman was engaged in the private practice of law from 1969-2000, with the exception of the periods of government service. He represented large domestic and multinational businesses in connection with the tax aspects of complex transactions and high net worth individuals in connection with tax and business planning.
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
12
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Helen Frame Peters.
Ms. Peters has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2008
and is a Co-Chairperson of the Portfolio Management Committee. Ms. Peters
is currently a Professor of Finance at Carroll School of Management, Boston College and was formerly Dean of Carroll School of Management from 2000-2002. Ms. Peters was previously a Director of BJs Wholesale Club, Inc. from 2004-2011. In addition, Ms. Peters was the Chief Investment Officer, Fixed Income at Scudder Kemper Investments from 1998-1999 and Chief Investment Officer, Equity and Fixed Income at Colonial Management Associates from 1991-1998. Ms. Peters also served as a Trustee of SPDR Index Shares Funds and SPDR Series Trust from 2000-2009 and as a Director of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston from 2007-2009.
Harriett Tee Taggart.
Ms. Taggart has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2011
and is a Co-Chairperson of the Portfolio Management Committee. Ms. Taggart
currently manages a professional practice, Taggart Associates. Since 2007, Ms. Taggart has been a Director of Albemarle Corporation, a specialty chemical company where she serves as a member of the Audit Committee and member of the Nomination and Governance Committee. Since 2009 she has served as a Director of the Hanover Insurance Group, Inc. where she also serves as member of the Audit Committee. Ms. Taggart is also a trustee or member of several major non-profit boards, advisory committees and endowment investment companies. From 1983 through 2006, Ms. Taggart served in several capacities at Wellington Management Company, LLP, an investment management firm, including as a Partner, Senior Vice President and chemical industry sector portfolio manager. Ms. Taggart also served as a Director of the Lubrizol Corporation, a specialty chemicals manufacturer from 2007-2011.
Ralph F. Verni. Mr. Verni has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2005 and is the Independent Chairperson of the Board and the Chairperson of the Contract Review Committee. Mr. Verni was formerly the Chief Investment Officer (from 1982-1992), Chief Financial Officer (from 1988-1990) and Director (from 1982-1992) of New England Life. Mr. Verni was also the Chairperson of the New England Mutual Funds from 1982-1992; President and Chief Executive Officer of State Street Management & Research from 1992-2000; Chairperson of the State Street Research Mutual Funds from 1992-2000; Director of W.P. Carey, LLC from 1998-2004; and Director of First Pioneer Farm Credit Corp. from 2002-2006. Mr. Verni has been a Chartered Financial Analyst since 1977.
The Board of the Trust has several standing Committees, including the Governance Committee, the Audit Committee, the Portfolio Management Committee, the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee and the Contract Review Committee. Each of the Committees are comprised of only noninterested Trustees.
Messrs. Freedman (Chair), Eston,
Park, Pearlman and Verni, and Mmes.
Mosley,
Peters
and Taggart are members of the Governance Committee. The purpose of the Governance Committee is to consider, evaluate and make recommendations to the Board with respect to the structure, membership and operation of the Board and the Committees thereof, including the nomination and selection of noninterested Trustees and a Chairperson of the Board and the compensation of such persons. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Governance Committee convened
eight
times.
The Governance Committee will, when a vacancy exists or is anticipated, consider any nominee for noninterested Trustee recommended by a shareholder if such recommendation is submitted in writing to the Governance Committee, contains sufficient background information concerning the candidate, including evidence the candidate is willing to serve as a noninterested Trustee if selected for the position, and is received in a sufficiently timely manner.
Messrs. Park (Chair), Eston, Pearlman and Verni, and Ms. Peters are members of the Audit Committee. The Board has designated Mr. Park, a noninterested Trustee, as audit committee financial expert. The Audit Committees purposes are to (i) oversee each
Fund's
accounting and financial reporting processes, its internal control over financial reporting, and, as appropriate, the internal control over financial reporting of certain service providers; (ii) oversee or, as appropriate, assist Board oversight of the quality and integrity of each
Fund's
financial statements and the independent audit thereof; (iii) oversee, or, as appropriate, assist Board oversight of, each
Fund's
compliance with legal and regulatory requirements that relate to each
Fund's
accounting and financial reporting, internal control over financial reporting and independent audits; (iv) approve prior to appointment the engagement and, when appropriate, replacement of the independent registered public accounting firm, and, if applicable, nominate the independent registered public accounting firm to be proposed for shareholder ratification in any proxy statement of a Fund; (v) evaluate the qualifications, independence and performance of the independent registered public accounting firm and the audit partner in charge of leading the audit; and (vi) prepare, as necessary, audit committee reports consistent with the requirements of applicable SEC and stock exchange rules for inclusion in the proxy statement of a Fund. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Audit Committee convened
eighteen
times.
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
13
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Messrs. Verni (Chair),
Eston
, Freedman and Park, and Mmes.
Mosley,
Peters
and Taggart are
members of the Contract Review Committee. The purposes of the Contract Review Committee are to consider, evaluate and make recommendations to the Board concerning the following matters: (i) contractual arrangements with each service provider to the Funds, including advisory, sub-advisory, transfer agency, custodial and fund accounting, distribution services and administrative services; (ii) any and all other matters in which any service provider (including Eaton Vance or any affiliated entity thereof) has an actual or potential conflict of interest with the interests of the Funds or investors therein; and (iii) any other matter appropriate for review by the noninterested Trustees, unless the matter is within the responsibilities of the other Committees of the Board. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Contract Review Committee convened
seven
times.
Mmes. Peters and Taggart
(Co-Chairs) and Mosley and Mr. Freedman
are
members of the Portfolio Management Committee. The purposes of the Portfolio Management Committee are to: (i) assist the Board in its oversight of the portfolio management process employed by the Funds and their investment adviser and sub-adviser(s), if applicable, relative to the Funds stated objective(s), strategies and restrictions; (ii) assist the Board in its oversight of the trading policies and procedures and risk management techniques applicable to the Funds; and (iii) assist the Board in its monitoring of the performance results of all funds and portfolios, giving special attention to the performance of certain funds and portfolios that it or the Board identifies from time to time. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Portfolio Management Committee convened
six
times.
Messrs. Pearlman (Chair
), Eston
and
Park
are
members of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee. The purposes of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee are to: (i) assist the Board in its oversight role with respect to compliance issues and certain other regulatory matters affecting the Funds; (ii) serve as a liaison between the Board and the Funds CCO; and (iii) serve as a qualified legal compliance committee within the rules promulgated by the SEC. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee convened
ten
times.
Share Ownership.
The following table shows the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by each Trustee in each Fund and in the Eaton Vance family of funds overseen by the Trustee as of December 31,
2013
.
|
Dollar Range of Equity Securities Owned by |
||||||||
Fund Name |
Scott E.
|
Thomas E.
|
Allen R.
|
Valerie A.
|
William H.
|
Ronald A.
|
Helen Frame
|
Harriett Tee
|
Ralph F.
|
Absolute Return Fund |
None |
$10,001 - $50,000 |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
None |
Commodity Strategy Fund |
None |
None |
None |
None |
over $100,000 |
None |
None |
None |
None |
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities Owned in Funds Overseen by Trustee in the Eaton Vance Family of Funds |
over $100,000 (3) |
over $100,000 |
over $100,000 |
None |
over $100,000 |
over $100,000 |
over $100,000 |
over $100,000 |
over $100,000 |
(1)
Interested Trustee.
(2)
Noninterested Trustees.
(3)
Includes shares which may be deemed to be beneficially owned through the Trustee Deferred Compensation Plan.
(4)
Ms. Mosley was appointed as a Trustee effective January 1, 2014.
As of December 31,
2013
, no noninterested Trustee or any of their immediate family members owned beneficially or of record any class of securities of EVC, EVD or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD.
During the calendar years ended December 31,
2012
and December 31,
2013
, no noninterested Trustee (or their immediate family members) had:
(1)
Any direct or indirect interest in Eaton Vance, EVC, EVD or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD;
(2)
Any direct or indirect material interest in any transaction or series of similar transactions with (i) the Trust or any Fund; (ii) another fund managed by EVC, distributed by EVD or a person controlling, controlled by or under common
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
14
SAI dated May 1, 2014
control with EVC or EVD; (iii) EVC or EVD; (iv) a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; or (v) an officer of any of the above; or
(3)
Any direct or indirect relationship with (i) the Trust or any Fund; (ii) another fund managed by EVC, distributed by EVD or a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; (iii) EVC or EVD; (iv) a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; or (v) an officer of any of the above.
During the calendar years ended December 31,
2012
and December 31,
2013
, no officer of EVC, EVD or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD served on the Board of Directors of a company where a noninterested Trustee of the Trust or any of their immediate family members served as an officer.
Noninterested Trustees may elect to defer receipt of all or a percentage of their annual fees in accordance with the terms of a Trustees Deferred Compensation Plan (the Deferred Compensation Plan). Under the Deferred Compensation Plan, an eligible Board member may elect to have his or her deferred fees invested in the shares of one or more funds in the Eaton Vance family of funds, and the amount paid to the Board members under the Deferred Compensation Plan will be determined based upon the performance of such investments. Deferral of Board members fees in accordance with the Deferred Compensation Plan will have a negligible effect on the assets, liabilities, and net income of a participating fund or portfolio, and do not require that a participating Board member be retained. There is no retirement plan for Board members.
The fees and expenses of the Trustees of the Trust are paid by the Funds (and other series of the Trust). (A Board member who is a member of the Eaton Vance organization receives no compensation from the Trust.) During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Trustees of the Trust earned the following compensation in their capacities as Board members from the Trust. For the year ended December 31,
2013
, the Board members earned the following compensation in their capacities as members of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards
(1)
:
Source of Compensation |
Scott E.
|
Allen R.
|
Valerie A.
|
William H.
|
Ronald A.
|
Helen Frame
|
Harriett Tee
|
Ralph F.
|
Mutual Funds Trust (2) |
$ 18,824 |
$ 18,124 |
$ 17,074 |
$ 18,497 |
$ 18,497 |
$ 17,074 |
$ 18,474 |
$ 25,611 |
Special Investment Trust (2) |
4,537 |
4,350 |
4,071 |
4,410 |
4,410 |
4,071 |
4,444 |
6,106 |
Trust and Fund Complex (1) |
$ 245,000 (3) |
$ 255,000 |
$ 240,000 |
$ 260,000 |
$ 260,000 |
$ 240,000 |
$ 240,000 |
$ 360,000 (4) |
(1)
As of May 1, 2014, the Eaton Vance fund complex consists of 182 registered investment companies or series thereof. Ms. Mosley was appointed as a Trustee effective January 1, 2014, and thus the compensation figures listed for each Trust and the Trust and Fund Complex are estimated based on amounts she would have received if she had been a Trustee for the 2013 calendar year and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013. Benjamin C. Esty resigned as a Trustee effective December 31, 2013. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, Mr. Esty received Trustee fees of $18,497 from Mutual Funds Trust and $4,410 from Special Investment Trust. For the calendar year ended December 31, 2013, he received $260,000 from the Trust and Fund Complex. Lynn A. Stout resigned as a Trustee effective March 31, 2014. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, Ms. Stout received Trustee fees of $17,447 from Mutual Funds Trust and $4,130 from Special Investment Trust. For the calendar year ended December 31, 2013, she received $245,000 from the Trust and Fund Complex, which included $45,000 of deferred compensation.
(2)
Mutual Funds Trust consisted of
37
Funds and Special Investment Trust consisted of 15 Funds of as of December 31,
2013
.
(3)
Includes $
236,017
of deferred compensation.
(4 )
Includes $171,250 of deferred compensation.
Organization and Management of Wholly-Owned Subsidiary
The Subsidiary invests in commodity-linked swap agreements and other commodity-linked derivative instruments, but may also invest in the securities and other instruments in which
the
Commodity Strategy Fund is permitted to invest. The Subsidiary is an exempted company organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands, whose registered office is located at the offices of
Intertrust
Corporate Services
(Cayman)
Limited,
190 Elgin Avenue
, George Town, Grand Cayman, KY1-9005
. The Subsidiarys affairs are overseen by a board currently consisting of one Director, Maureen A. Gemma. Ms. Gemmas biographical information appears above in Management and Organization. The Subsidiary has entered into a separate contract with
the
Commodity Strategy Funds adviser whereby the adviser provides investment advisory services to the Subsidiary. The agreement continues in effect from year to year so long as such continuance is approved at least annually (i) by the vote of a majority of the noninterested Trustees of the
Commodity Strategy
Fund cast in person at a meeting specifically called for the purposes of voting on such approval and (ii) by the Board of Trustees of the
Commodity Strategy
Fund or by vote of a majority of the outstanding securities of the
Commodity Strategy
Fund. The agreement may be terminated at any time without penalty upon sixty (60) days written notice by the Board of Trustees of either party, or by vote of the majority of the outstanding voting securities of the
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
15
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Commodity Strategy Fund and will terminate automatically in the event of its assignment. The Subsidiary will bear the fees and expenses incurred in connection with the custody, transfer agency, and audit services that it receives. The Commodity Strategy Fund expects that the expenses borne by the Subsidiary will not be material in relation to the value of its assets.
The Subsidiary has adopted compliance policies and procedures that are substantially similar to the policies and procedures adopted by the Commodity Strategy Fund. The Subsidiary is operated in accordance with the 1940 Act investment restrictions that apply to the Commodity Strategy Fund, but is not subject to provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. The Commodity Strategy Funds Chief Compliance Officer oversees implementation of the Subsidiary's policies and procedures, and makes periodic reports to its Board of Trustees regarding the Subsidiary's compliance with its policies and procedures. In testing compliance of the Commodity Strategy Fund and the Subsidiary with applicable investment restrictions, the assets of the Commodity Strategy Fund are aggregated with those of the Subsidiary, except with respect to borrowings. The Subsidiary is subject to asset segregation requirements to the same extent as the Commodity Strategy Fund, which are tested for compliance on a consolidated basis as noted in the preceding sentence.
Fund
Organization.
Absolute Return Fund is a series of Special Investment Trust, which was organized under Massachusetts law on March 27, 1989
and Commodity Strategy Fund is a series of Mutual Funds Trust, which was organized under Massachusetts law on May 7, 1984.
The Trust is
operated as
an
open-end management investment
company
. Effective March 1, 2013,
Eaton Vance Parametric Option Absolute Return Fund
changed its name
to Parametric Absolute Return Fund and
Eaton Vance Parametric Structured Commodity Strategy Fund
changed its name
to Parametric Commodity Strategy Fund
.
The Trust may issue an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest (no par value per share) in one or more series (such as a Fund). The Trustees of the Trust have divided the shares of each Fund into multiple classes. Each class represents an interest in a Fund, but is subject to different expenses, rights and privileges. The Trustees have the authority under the Declaration of Trust to create additional classes of shares with differing rights and privileges. When issued and outstanding, shares are fully paid and nonassessable by the Trust. Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each full share held. Fractional shares may be voted proportionately. Shares of a Fund will be voted together except that only shareholders of a particular class may vote on matters affecting only that class. Shares have no preemptive or conversion rights and are freely transferable. In the event of the liquidation of a Fund, shareholders of each class are entitled to share pro rata in the net assets attributable to that class available for distribution to shareholders.
As permitted by Massachusetts law, there will normally be no meetings of shareholders for the purpose of electing Trustees unless and until such time as less than
two-thirds
of the Trustees of the Trust holding office have been elected by shareholders. In such an event the Trustees then in office will call a shareholders meeting for the election of Trustees. Except for the foregoing circumstances and unless removed by action of the shareholders in accordance with the Trusts By-laws, the Trustees shall continue to hold office and may appoint successor Trustees. The Trusts By-laws provide that
any Trustee may be removed with or without cause, by (i) the affirmative vote of holders of two-thirds of the shares or, (ii) the affirmative vote of, or written instrument, signed by at least two-thirds of the remaining Trustees, provided however, that the removal of any noninterested Trustee shall additionally require the affirmative vote of, or a written instrument executed by, at least two-thirds of the remaining noninterested Trustees.
No person shall serve as a Trustee if shareholders holding two-thirds of the outstanding shares have removed him or her from that office either by a written declaration filed with the Trusts custodian or by votes cast at a meeting called for that purpose. The By-laws further provide that under certain circumstances the shareholders may call a meeting to remove a Trustee and that the Trust is required to provide assistance in communication with shareholders about such a meeting.
The Trusts Declaration of Trust may be amended by the Trustees when authorized by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust, the financial interests of which are affected by the amendment. The Trustees may also amend the Declaration of Trust without the vote or consent of shareholders to change the name of the Trust or any series or to make such other changes (such as reclassifying series or classes of shares or restructuring the Trust) as do not have a materially adverse effect on the financial interests of shareholders or if they deem it necessary to conform it to applicable federal or state laws or regulations. The Trusts By-laws provide that the Trust will indemnify its Trustees and officers against liabilities and expenses incurred in connection with any litigation or proceeding in which they may be involved because of their offices with the Trust. However, no indemnification will be provided to any Trustee or officer for any liability to the Trust or shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.
The Trust or any series or class thereof may be terminated by: (1) the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than two-thirds of the shares outstanding and entitled to vote at any meeting of shareholders of the Trust or the appropriate series or class thereof, or by an instrument or instruments in writing without a meeting, consented to by the holders of two-thirds of the shares of the Trust or a series or class thereof, provided, however, that, if such termination is recommended by the Trustees, the vote of a
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
16
SAI dated May 1, 2014
majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust or a series or class thereof entitled to vote thereon shall be sufficient authorization; or (2) by the approval of a majority of the Trustees then in office, to be followed by a written notice to shareholders.
Under Massachusetts law, if certain conditions prevail, shareholders of a Massachusetts business trust (such as the Trust) could be deemed to have personal liability for the obligations of the Trust. Numerous investment companies registered under the 1940 Act have been formed as Massachusetts business trusts, and management is not aware of an instance where such liability has been imposed. The Trusts Declaration of Trust contains an express disclaimer of liability on the part of Fund shareholders and the Trusts By-laws provide that the Trust shall assume the defense on behalf of any Fund shareholders. The Declaration of Trust also contains provisions limiting the liability of a series or class to that series or class. Moreover, the Trusts By-laws also provide for indemnification out of Fund property of any shareholder held personally liable solely by reason of being or having been a shareholder for all loss or expense arising from such liability. The assets of each Fund are readily marketable and will ordinarily substantially exceed its liabilities. In light of the nature of each Funds business and the nature of its assets, management believes that the possibility of the Funds liability exceeding its assets, and therefore the shareholders risk of personal liability, is remote.
Proxy Voting Policy.
The Board adopted a proxy voting policy and procedures (the Fund Policy), pursuant to which the Board has delegated proxy voting responsibility to the investment adviser or sub-adviser and adopted the proxy voting policies and procedures of the investment adviser or sub-adviser (the Adviser Policies). An independent proxy voting service has been retained to assist in the voting of Fund proxies through the provision of vote analysis, implementation and recordkeeping and disclosure services. The members of the Board will review each Funds proxy voting records from time to time and will annually consider approving the Adviser Policies for the upcoming year. For a copy of the Fund Policy and Adviser
Policies, see Appendix D, Appendix E and Appendix F
. Pursuant to certain provisions of the 1940 Act and certain exemptive orders relating to funds investing in other funds, a Fund or Portfolio may be required or may elect to vote its interest in another fund in the same proportion as the holders of all other shares of that fund. Information on how each Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 is available (1) without charge, upon request, by calling 1-800-
260-0761
, and (2) on the SECs website at http://www.sec.gov.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES
Investment Advisory and Administrative Services. The investment adviser and sub-adviser manage the investments and affairs of each Fund and provide related office facilities and personnel subject to the supervision of the Trusts Board of Trustees. The investment adviser or, with respect to certain matters, a sub-adviser furnishes investment research, advice and supervision, furnishes an investment program and determines what securities will be purchased, held or sold by each Fund and what portion, if any, of the Funds assets will be held uninvested. Each Investment Advisory and Administrative Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement require the investment adviser or sub-adviser, as the case may be, to pay the salaries and fees of all officers and Trustees who are members of the investment adviser's or sub-adviser's organization and all personnel of the investment adviser or sub-adviser performing services relating to research and investment activities.
For a description of the compensation that a Fund pays the investment adviser, see the Prospectus. The following table sets forth the net assets of each Fund at December 31,
2013
and the advisory fees for the fiscal years or periods shown ended December 31.
|
|
Advisory Fee for Fiscal Years Ended |
||
Fund |
Net Assets at 12/31/13 |
12/31/13 |
12/31/12 |
12/31/11 |
Absolute Return Fund |
$ 70,082,687 |
$ 794,700 |
$ 617,177 |
$ 623,936 |
Commodity Strategy Fund |
$ 86,353,389 |
$ 532,053 |
$ 358,162 |
$ 65,673 (1) |
(1 )
For the period from the start of business, May 25, 2011 to December 31, 2011.
Parametric Risk Advisors, LLC (PRA) acts as an investment sub-adviser to the Absolute Return Fund and is responsible for structuring and managing the Funds option strategy pursuant to an investment sub-advisory agreement. Under the terms of the investment sub-advisory agreement, PRA manages the Funds option strategy as set forth in more detail in the Funds prospectus, all subject to the supervision of the Funds Board of Trustees and Eaton Vance. Pursuant to the investment sub-advisory agreement between Eaton Vance and PRA, Eaton Vance pays compensation to PRA for providing sub-advisory services to the Fund.
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
17
SAI dated May 1, 2014
The fee rate applicable to the Commodity Strategy Fund under its Investment Advisory and Administrative Agreement is determined by applying the fee schedule set forth in the Prospectus to the aggregate average daily net assets of the Fund including its interest, if any, in the Subsidiary. The fee payable by the Fund equals the product of (i) the fee rate determined in accordance with the previous sentence, and (ii) the average daily net assets of the Fund exclusive of its interest in the Subsidiary. The fee rate applicable to the Subsidiary under its Investment Advisory Agreement equals the product of (i) the fee rate determined as set forth above, and (ii) the average daily net assets of the Subsidiary. Pursuant to investment sub-advisory agreements between Eaton Vance and Parametric Portfolio Associates, Inc. (Parametric), Eaton Vance pays compensation to Parametric for providing sub-advisory services to each of the Fund and the Subsidiary.
Each Investment Advisory and Administrative Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement with the investment adviser or sub-adviser continues in effect from year to year so long as such continuance is approved at least annually (i) by the vote of a majority of the noninterested Trustees of the Trust cast in person at a meeting specifically called for the purpose of voting on such approval and (ii) by the Board of Trustees of the Trust or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. Each Agreement may be terminated at any time without penalty on sixty (60) days written notice by the Board of either party, or by vote of the majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, and each Agreement will terminate automatically in the event of its assignment. Each Agreement provides that the investment adviser or sub-adviser may render services to others. Each Agreement also provides that the investment adviser or sub-adviser shall not be liable for any loss incurred in connection with the performance of its duties, or action taken or omitted under the Agreement, in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its obligations and duties thereunder, or for any losses sustained in the acquisition, holding or disposition of any security or other investment.
Information About Eaton Vance.
Eaton Vance is a business trust organized under the laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts. EV serves as trustee of Eaton Vance. EV and Eaton Vance are wholly-owned subsidiaries of EVC, a Maryland corporation and publicly-held holding company. BMR is an indirect subsidiary of EVC. EVC through its subsidiaries and affiliates engages primarily in investment management, administration and marketing activities. The Directors of EVC are Thomas E. Faust Jr., Ann E. Berman, Leo I. Higdon, Jr., Dorothy E. Puhy
, Winthrop H. Smith, Jr. and Richard A. Spillane, Jr. All shares of the outstanding Voting Common Stock of EVC are deposited in a Voting Trust, the Voting Trustees of which are Mr. Faust, Jeffrey P. Beale, Daniel C. Cataldo, Cynthia J. Clemson
, James H. Evans
, Maureen A. Gemma, Laurie G. Hylton, Brian D. Langstraat, Michael R. Mach, Frederick S. Marius, David C. McCabe, Thomas M. Metzold, Scott H. Page,
Charles B. Reed
, Walter A. Row, III,
Craig P. Russ
, David M. Stein, Payson F. Swaffield, Michael W. Weilheimer
, Kelly Williams
and Matthew J. Witkos (all of whom are officers of Eaton Vance or its affiliates). The Voting Trustees have unrestricted voting rights for the election of Directors of EVC. All of the outstanding voting trust receipts issued under said Voting Trust are owned by certain of the officers of Eaton Vance who may also be officers, or officers and Directors of EVC and EV. As indicated under Management and Organization, all of the officers of the Trust (as well as Mr. Faust who is also a Trustee) hold positions in the Eaton Vance organization.
Code of Ethics.
The investment adviser, sub-
advisers
, principal underwriter, and each Fund have adopted Codes of Ethics governing personal securities transactions. Under the Codes, employees of the investment adviser, the sub-
advisers
and the principal underwriter may purchase and sell securities (including securities held or eligible for purchase by a Fund) subject to the provisions of the Codes and certain employees are also subject to pre-clearance, reporting requirements and other procedures.
Information About PRA.
PRA is a Westport, Connecticut based specialist derivatives advisory firm. PRA is a subsidiary of Parametric, which is a majority owned subsidiary of EVC. At December 31,
2013
, PRAs assets under management totaled approximately $
3.5
billion.
Information About Parametric.
Parametric is a Seattle, Washington based investment manager providing investment management services to a number of institutional accounts, including employee benefit plans, college endowment funds and foundations. As of December 31,
2013
, Parametrics assets under management totaled approximately $
116
billion (including assets of its majority owned subsidiary PRA). Parametric is the successor investment adviser to Parametric Portfolio Associates, Inc., which commenced operations in 1987.
Portfolio Managers. The portfolio managers (each referred to as a portfolio manager) of each Fund are listed below. Each portfolio manager manages other investment companies and/or investment accounts in addition to a Fund. The following table shows, as of the Funds most recent fiscal year end, the number of accounts each portfolio manager managed in each of the listed categories and the total assets (in millions of dollars) in the accounts managed within each category. The table also shows the number of accounts with respect to which the advisory fee is based on the performance of the account, if any, and the total assets (in millions of dollars) in those accounts.
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
18
SAI dated May 1, 2014
|
Number of
|
Total Assets of
|
Number of Accounts
|
Total Assets of Accounts
|
Maria C. Cappellano |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
2 |
$ 242.3 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
2 |
$ 3,027.9 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Accounts |
2 |
$ 19.2 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Thomas H. Luster (1) |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
6 |
$ 539.5 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
2 |
$ 3,027.9 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Accounts |
4 |
$ 137.4 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Ken Everding |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
9 |
$ 836.0 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$ 0 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Accounts (2) |
212 |
$ 2,770.0 |
1 |
$ 100.0 |
Jonathan Orseck |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
9 |
$ 836.0 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$ 0 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Accounts (2) |
212 |
$ 2,770.0 |
1 |
$ 100.0 |
Timothy Atwill (3) |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
0 |
$ 0 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$ 0 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Accounts |
0 |
$ 0 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Thomas Seto |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
24 |
$ 16,214.3 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
5 |
$ 3,827.9 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Accounts (2) |
8,589 |
$ 49,007.2 |
2 |
$ 1,314.1 |
David M. Stein |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
24 |
$ 16,214.3 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
5 |
$ 3,827.9 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Accounts (2) |
8,589 |
$ 49,007.2 |
2 |
$ 1,314.1 |
(1)
This portfolio manager serves as portfolio manager of one or more registered investment companies that invests or may invest in one or more underlying registered investment companies in the Eaton Vance family of funds
or other pooled investment vehicles sponsored by Eaton Vance.
The underlying investment companies may be managed by this portfolio manager or another portfolio manager(s).
(2)
For Other Accounts that are part of a wrap account program, the number of accounts cited includes the number of sponsors for which the portfolio manager provides management services rather than the number of individual customer accounts within each wrap account program.
(3)
Mr. Atwill became a portfolio manager effective May 1, 2014.
The following table shows the dollar range of
equity securities
beneficially owned
in a Fund
by its portfolio manager(s) as of the Funds most recent fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
and in the Eaton Vance family of funds as of December 31,
2013
.
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
19
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Fund Name and Portfolio Manager |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity
|
Absolute Return Fund |
|
|
Thomas H. Luster |
$50,001 - $100,000 |
over $1,000,000 |
Maria C. Cappellano |
None |
$100,001 - $500,000 |
Ken Everding |
$10,001 - $50,000 |
$10,001 - $50,000 |
Jonathan Orseck |
$10,001 - $50,000 |
$10,001 - $50,000 |
Commodity Strategy Fund |
|
|
Timothy Atwill |
None |
None |
Thomas Seto |
None |
$100,001 - $500,000 |
David M. Stein |
$50,001 - $100,000 |
$100,001 - $500,000 |
It is possible that conflicts of interest may arise in connection with a portfolio managers management of a Funds investments on the one hand and the investments of other accounts for which the portfolio manager is responsible for on the other. For example, a portfolio manager may have conflicts of interest in allocating management time, resources and investment opportunities among the Fund and other accounts he or she advises. In addition, due to differences in the investment strategies or restrictions between a Fund and the other accounts, a portfolio manager may take action with respect to another account that differs from the action taken with respect to the Fund. In some cases, another account managed by a portfolio manager may compensate the investment adviser based on the performance of the securities held by that account. The existence of such a performance based fee may create additional conflicts of interest for the portfolio manager in the allocation of management time, resources and investment opportunities. Whenever conflicts of interest arise, the portfolio manager will endeavor to exercise his or her discretion in a manner that he or she believes is equitable to all interested persons. The investment adviser and sub-adviser have adopted several policies and procedures designed to address these potential conflicts including a code of ethics and policies that govern the investment advisers and sub-advisers trading practices, including among other things the aggregation and allocation of trades among clients, brokerage allocation, cross trades and best execution.
Compensation Structure for Eaton Vance. Compensation of the investment advisers portfolio managers and other investment professionals has three primary components: (1) a base salary, (2) an annual cash bonus, and (3) annual stock-based compensation consisting of options to purchase shares of EVCs nonvoting common stock and restricted shares of EVCs nonvoting common stock. The investment advisers investment professionals also receive certain retirement, insurance and other benefits that are broadly available to the investment advisers employees. Compensation of the investment advisers investment professionals is reviewed primarily on an annual basis. Cash bonuses, stock-based compensation awards, and adjustments in base salary are typically paid or put into effect at or shortly after the October 31st fiscal year end of EVC.
Method to Determine Compensation. The investment adviser compensates its portfolio managers based primarily on the scale and complexity of their portfolio responsibilities and the total return performance of managed funds and accounts versus the benchmark(s) stated in the prospectus, as well as an appropriate peer group (as described below). In addition to rankings within peer groups of funds on the basis of absolute performance, consideration may also be given to relative risk-adjusted performance. Risk-adjusted performance measures include, but are not limited to, the Sharpe ratio. Performance is normally based on periods ending on the September 30th preceding fiscal year end. Fund performance is normally evaluated primarily versus peer groups of funds as determined by Lipper Inc. and/or Morningstar, Inc. When a funds peer group as determined by Lipper or Morningstar is deemed by the investment advisers management not to provide a fair comparison, performance may instead be evaluated primarily against a custom peer group or market index. In evaluating the performance of a fund and its manager, primary emphasis is normally placed on three-year performance, with secondary consideration of performance over longer and shorter periods. For funds that are tax-managed or otherwise have an objective of after-tax returns, performance is measured net of taxes. For other funds, performance is evaluated on a pre-tax basis. For funds with an investment objective other than total return (such as current income), consideration will also be given to the funds success in achieving its objective. For managers responsible for multiple funds and accounts, investment performance is evaluated on an aggregate basis, based on averages or weighted averages among managed funds and accounts. Funds and accounts that have performance-based advisory fees are not accorded disproportionate weightings in measuring aggregate portfolio manager performance.
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
20
SAI dated May 1, 2014
The compensation of portfolio managers with other job responsibilities (such as heading an investment group or providing analytical support to other portfolios) will include consideration of the scope of such responsibilities and the managers performance in meeting them.
The investment adviser seeks to compensate portfolio managers commensurate with their responsibilities and performance, and competitive with other firms within the investment management industry. The investment adviser participates in investment-industry compensation surveys and utilizes survey data as a factor in determining salary, bonus and stock-based compensation levels for portfolio managers and other investment professionals. Salaries, bonuses and stock-based compensation are also influenced by the operating performance of the investment adviser and its parent company. The overall annual cash bonus pool is generally based on a substantially fixed percentage of pre-bonus adjusted operating income. While the salaries of the investment advisers portfolio managers are comparatively fixed, cash bonuses and stock-based compensation may fluctuate significantly from year to year, based on changes in manager performance and other factors as described herein. For a high performing portfolio manager, cash bonuses and stock-based compensation may represent a substantial portion of total compensation.
Compensation Structure for PRA.
Compensation of PRA portfolio managers and other investment professionals has three primary components: (1) a base salary, (2) a
cash bonus, and (3)
possibly annual stock-based compensation consisting
of
options to purchase shares of EVC nonvoting common stock, restricted shares of EVC nonvoting common stock and, for certain individuals, grants of profit participation interests in PRAs parent company Parametric Portfolio Associates, LLC.
PRA investment professionals also receive
certain retirement,
insurance and other benefits that are broadly available to
PRA employees. Compensation of PRA investment professionals is reviewed primarily on an annual basis
. Stock-based compensation awards and adjustments in base salary and bonus are typically paid and/or put into effect at or shortly after fiscal year-end
.
Method used to Determine Compensation.
PRA seeks to compensate portfolio managers commensurate with their responsibilities and performance, and competitive with other firms within the investment management industry. The performance of portfolio managers is evaluated primarily based on success in achieving portfolio objectives for managed funds and accounts. The compensation of portfolio managers
with
other
job
responsibilities (such as product development) will include consideration of the scope of such responsibilities and the managers performance in meeting them.
Salaries, bonuses and
stock-based compensation
are also influenced by the operating performance of PRA
, Parametric Portfolio Associates LLC, its parent company and EVC, Parametric Portfolio Associates LLCs parent company.
Cash bonuses
overall
are determined based on a target percentage of
PRA
profits. While the salaries of PRA portfolio managers are comparatively fixed, cash bonuses and
stock-based compensation
may fluctuate
substantially
from year-to-year, based on changes in financial performance and other factors.
Compensation Structure for Parametric.
Compensation of Parametric portfolio managers and other investment professionals has three primary components: (1) a base salary, (2) a cash bonus, and (3) annual stock-based compensation consisting of options to purchase shares of
EVC
nonvoting common stock, restricted shares of
EVC
nonvoting common stock and, for certain individuals, grants of profit participation interests in Parametric. Parametric investment professionals also receive certain retirement, insurance and other benefits that are broadly available to Parametric employees. Compensation of Parametric investment professionals is reviewed primarily on an annual basis. Stock-based compensation awards and adjustments in base salary and bonus are typically paid and/or put into effect at or shortly after
fiscal
year-end.
Method to Determine Compensation. Parametric seeks to compensate portfolio managers commensurate with their responsibilities and performance, and competitive with other firms within the investment management industry. The performance of portfolio managers is evaluated primarily based on success in achieving portfolio objectives for managed funds and accounts. The compensation of portfolio managers with other job responsibilities (such as product development) will include consideration of the scope of such responsibilities and the managers performance in meeting them.
Salaries, bonuses and stock-based compensation are also influenced by the operating performance of Parametric and EVC, its parent company. Cash bonuses available overall are determined based on a target percentage of Parametric profits. While the salaries of Parametric portfolio managers are comparatively fixed, cash bonuses and stock-based compensation may fluctuate substantially from year to year, based on changes in financial performance and other factors.
Commodity Futures Trading Commission Registration. Effective December 31, 2012, the CFTC adopted certain regulatory changes that subject registered investment companies and advisers to regulation by the CFTC if a fund invests more than a prescribed level of its assets in certain CFTC-regulated instruments (including futures, certain options and swaps agreements) or
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
21
SAI dated May 1, 2014
markets itself as providing investment exposure to such instruments. Commodity Strategy Fund is considered to be a commodity pool operator under CFTC regulations. Eaton Vance
, BMR and Parametric are
registered with the CFTC as
commodity pool
operators
. Eaton Vance
, BMR
and Parametric are
also
registered as commodity trading advisors. Absolute Return Fund has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term commodity pool operator under the Commodity Exchange Act
. Accordingly neither the Absolute Return Fund nor the investment adviser or sub-adviser with respect to the operation of the Fund
is
subject to CFTC regulation.
The CFTC has neither reviewed nor approved each Funds investment strategies or this
SAI
.
Administrative Services.
Eaton Vance also provides administrative services to each Fund. Under its Investment Advisory and Administrative Agreement, Eaton Vance has been engaged to administer each Funds affairs, subject to the supervision of the
Board
, and shall furnish office space and all necessary office facilities, equipment and personnel for administering the affairs of each Fund.
Sub-Transfer Agency
Support Services.
Eaton Vance provides sub-transfer agency and related services to Eaton Vance mutual funds pursuant to a Sub-Transfer Agency Support Services Agreement. Under the agreement, Eaton Vance provides: (1) specified sub-transfer agency services; (2) compliance monitoring services; and (3) intermediary oversight services. For the
services it provides, Eaton Vance receives an aggregate annual fee equal to the lesser of $2.5 million or the actual expenses incurred by Eaton Vance in the performance of
such
services.
Each Fund pays a pro rata share of such fee. For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013, Eaton Vance earned
the following
from
each Fund
pursuant to the agreement
:
Absolute Return Fund |
Commodity Strategy Fund |
$ 2,237 |
$ 225 |
Expenses. Each Fund is responsible for all expenses not expressly stated to be payable by another party (such as expenses required to be paid pursuant to an agreement with the investment adviser, the sub-advisers, the principal underwriter or the administrator). In the case of expenses incurred by the Trust, each Fund is responsible for its pro rata share of those expenses. The only expenses of a Fund allocated to a particular class are those incurred under the Distribution Plan applicable to that class (if any) and certain other class-specific expenses.
OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS
Principal Underwriter. Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. (EVD), Two International Place, Boston, MA 02110 is the principal underwriter of each Fund. The principal underwriter acts as principal in selling shares under a Distribution Agreement with the Trust. The expenses of printing copies of prospectuses used to offer shares and other selling literature and of advertising are borne by the principal underwriter. The fees and expenses of qualifying and registering and maintaining qualifications and registrations of a Fund and its shares under federal and state securities laws are borne by the Fund. The Distribution Agreement is renewable annually by the members of the Board (including a majority of the noninterested Trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Distribution Agreement or any applicable Distribution Plan), may be terminated on sixty days notice either by such Trustees or by vote of a majority of the outstanding Fund shares or on six months notice by the principal underwriter and is automatically terminated upon assignment. The principal underwriter distributes shares on a best efforts basis under which it is required to take and pay for only such shares as may be sold. EVD is a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of EVC. Mr. Faust is a Director of EVD.
Custodian. State Street Bank and Trust Company (State Street), 200 Clarendon Street, Boston, MA 02116, serves as custodian to each Fund. State Street has custody of all cash and securities of a Fund, maintains the general ledger of each Fund and computes the daily net asset value of shares of each Fund. In such capacity it attends to details in connection with the sale, exchange, substitution, transfer or other dealings with each Funds investments, receives and disburses all funds and performs various other ministerial duties upon receipt of proper instructions from the Trust. State Street provides services in connection with the preparation of shareholder reports and the electronic filing of such reports with the SEC. EVC and its affiliates and their officers and employees from time to time have transactions with various banks, including State Street. It is Eaton Vances opinion that the terms and conditions of such transactions were not and will not be influenced by existing or potential custodial or other relationships between each Fund and such banks.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. Deloitte & Touche LLP, 200 Berkeley Street, Boston, MA 02116, is the independent registered public accounting firm of each Fund, providing audit and related services, assistance and consultation with respect to the preparation of filings with the SEC.
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
22
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Transfer Agent. BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc., P.O. Box 9653, Providence, RI 02940-9653, serves as transfer and dividend disbursing agent for each Fund.
CALCULATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
The net asset value of the Fund is determined by State Street (as agent and custodian) by subtracting the liabilities of the Fund from the value of its total assets. The Fund is closed for business and will not issue a net asset value on the following business holidays and any other business day that the Exchange is closed: New Years Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. The Funds net asset value per share is readily accessible on the Eaton Vance website (www.eatonvance.com).
The Board has approved procedures pursuant to which investments are valued for purposes of determining the Funds net asset value. Listed below is a summary of the methods generally used to value investments (some or all of which may be held by the Fund) under the procedures.
Equity securities (including common stock, exchange traded funds, closed end funds, preferred equity securities, exchange traded notes and other instruments that trade on recognized stock exchanges) are valued at the last sale, official close or if there are no reported sales at the mean between the bid and asked price on the primary exchange on which they are traded.
Most debt obligations are valued on the basis of market valuations furnished by a pricing service or at the mean of the bid and asked prices provided by recognized broker/dealers of such securities. The pricing service may use a pricing matrix to determine valuation.
Short-term obligations and money market securities maturing in sixty days or less typically are valued at amortized cost which approximates value.
Foreign securities and currencies are valued in U.S. dollars based on foreign currency exchange quotations supplied by a pricing service.
Senior and Junior Loans are valued on the basis of prices furnished by a pricing service. The pricing service uses transactions and market quotations from brokers in determining values.
Seasoned fixed-rate 30 year MBS are valued
either
by Eaton Vance using a matrix pricing system
or on the basis of prices furnished by a pricing service. These valuation methodologies take
into account bond prices, yield differentials, anticipated prepayments and interest rates
.
Futures contracts are valued at the settlement or closing price on the primary exchange or board of trade on which they are traded.
Exchange-traded options are valued at the mean of the bid and asked prices. Over-the-counter options are valued based on quotations obtained from a pricing service or from a broker (typically the counterparty to the option).
Non-exchange traded derivatives (including swap agreements
(other than those which have been centrally cleared),
forward contracts and equity participation notes) are generally valued on the basis of valuations provided by a pricing service or using quotes provided by a broker/dealer (typically the counterparty).
Swap agreements that have been cleared by a central counterparty (CCP) are valued at the daily settlement price provided by the CCP.
Precious metals are valued are valued at the New York Composite mean quotation.
Liabilities with a payment or maturity date of 364 days or less are stated at their principal value and longer dated liabilities generally will be carried at their fair value.
Valuations of foreign equity securities may be adjusted from prices in effect at the close of trading on foreign exchanges to more accurately reflect their fair value as of the close of regular trading on the Exchange. Such fair valuations may be based on information provided by a pricing service.
Investments which are unable to be valued in accordance with the foregoing methodologies are valued at fair value using methods determined in good faith by or at the direction of the members of the Board. Such methods may include consideration of relevant factors, including but not limited to (i) the type of security, the existence of any contractual restrictions on the securitys disposition, (ii) the price and extent of public trading in similar securities of the issuer or of comparable companies or entities, (iii) quotations or relevant information obtained from broker-dealers or other market participants, (iv) information obtained from the issuer, analysts, and/or the appropriate stock exchange (for exchange-traded securities), (v) an analysis of the companys or entitys financial condition, (vi) an evaluation of the forces that influence the issuer and the market(s) in which the
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
security is purchased and sold (vii) an analysis of the terms of any transaction involving the issuer of such securities; and (viii) any other factors deemed relevant by the investment adviser. The portfolio managers of one Eaton Vance fund that invests in Senior and Junior Loans may not possess the same information about a Senior or Junior Loan as the portfolio managers of another Eaton Vance fund. As such, at times the fair value of a Loan determined by certain Eaton Vance portfolio managers may vary from the fair value of the same Loan determined by other portfolio managers.
PURCHASING AND REDEEMING SHARES
Additional Information About Purchases. Fund shares are offered for sale only in states where they are registered. Fund shares are continuously offered through financial intermediaries which have entered into agreements with the principal underwriter. Shares of the Fund are sold at the public offering price, which is the net asset value next computed after receipt of an order.
In connection with
employer sponsored retirement
plans, a Fund may accept initial investments of less than the minimum investment amount on the part of an individual participant. In the event a shareholder who is a participant of such a plan terminates participation in the plan, his or her shares will be transferred to a regular individual account. However, such account will be subject to the right of redemption by a Fund as described below.
Institutional Class Share Purchases
.
Institutional Class shares are available for purchase by clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Institutional Class shares through a no-load network or platform. Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and
employer sponsored
retirement plans
.
Institutional Class shares also are offered to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates; certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance and certain Fund service providers; current and retired members of Eaton Vance Fund Boards; employees of Eaton Vance and its affiliates and such persons spouses, parents, siblings and lineal descendants and their beneficial accounts.
Suspension of Sales.
The Trust may, in its absolute discretion, suspend, discontinue or limit the offering of one or more of its classes of shares at any time. In determining whether any such action should be taken, the Trusts management intends to consider all relevant factors, including (without limitation) the size of a Fund or class, the investment climate and market conditions
and
the volume of sales and redemptions of shares. The Investor Class Distribution Plan may continue in effect and payments may be made under the Plan following any such suspension, discontinuance or limitation of the offering of shares; however, there is no contractual obligation to continue any Plan for any particular period of time. Suspension of the offering of shares would not, of course, affect a shareholders ability to redeem shares.
Additional Information About Redemptions. The right to redeem shares of a Fund can be suspended and the payment of the redemption price deferred when the Exchange is closed (other than for customary weekend and holiday closings), during periods when trading on the Exchange is restricted as determined by the SEC, or during any emergency as determined by the SEC which makes it impracticable for a Fund to dispose of its securities or value its assets, or during any other period permitted by order of the SEC for the protection of investors.
Due to the high cost of maintaining small accounts, the Trust reserves the right to redeem accounts with balances of less than $750. Prior to such a redemption, shareholders will be given 60 days written notice to make an additional purchase. However, no such redemption would be required by the Trust if the cause of the low account balance was a reduction in the net asset value of shares. No CDSC or redemption fees, if applicable, will be imposed with respect to such involuntary redemptions.
While normally payments will be made in cash for redeemed shares, the Trust, subject to compliance with applicable regulations, has reserved the right to pay the redemption price of shares of a Fund, either totally or partially, by a distribution in kind of readily marketable securities. The securities so distributed would be valued pursuant to the valuation procedures described in this SAI. If a shareholder received a distribution in kind, the shareholder could incur brokerage or other charges in converting the securities to cash.
Systematic Withdrawal Plan. The transfer agent will send to the shareholder regular monthly or quarterly payments of any permitted amount designated by the shareholder based upon the value of the shares held. The checks will be drawn from share redemptions and hence, may require the recognition of taxable gain or loss. Income dividends and capital gains distributions in connection with withdrawal plan accounts will be credited at net asset value as of the record date for each distribution. Continued withdrawals in excess of current income will eventually use up principal, particularly in a period of declining market prices. A shareholder may not have a withdrawal plan in effect at the same time he or she has authorized Bank Automated Investing or is otherwise making regular purchases of Fund shares. The shareholder, the transfer agent or the principal underwriter may terminate the withdrawal plan at any time without penalty.
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
Other Information. A Fund ’ s net asset value per share is normally rounded to two decimal places. In certain situations (such as a merger, share split or a purchase or sale of shares that represents a significant portion of a share class), the administrator may determine to extend the calculation of the net asset value per share to additional decimal places to ensure that neither the value of the Fund nor a shareholders shares is diluted materially as the result of a purchase or sale or other transaction.
SALES CHARGES
Dealer Commissions. The principal underwriter may, from time to time, at its own expense, provide additional incentives to financial intermediaries which employ registered representatives who sell Fund shares and/or shares of other funds distributed by the principal underwriter. In some instances, such additional incentives may be offered only to certain financial intermediaries whose representatives sell or are expected to sell significant amounts of shares. In addition, the principal underwriter may from time to time increase or decrease the sales commissions payable to financial intermediaries. The principal underwriter may allow, upon notice to all financial intermediaries with whom it has agreements, discounts up to the full sales charge during the periods specified in the notice. During periods when the discount includes the full sales charge, such financial intermediaries may be deemed to be underwriters as that term is defined in the 1933 Act.
Waiver of Investment Minimums.
In addition to waivers described in the Prospectus, minimum investment amounts are waived for current and retired members of Eaton Vance Fund Boards, clients (including custodial, agency, advisory and trust accounts), current and retired officers and employees of Eaton Vance, its affiliates and other investment advisers and sub-advisers to the Eaton Vance family of funds, and for such persons spouses, parents, siblings and lineal descendants and their beneficial accounts. The minimum initial investment amount is also waived for officers and employees of a Funds custodian and transfer agent
and in connection with the merger (or similar transaction) of an investment company (or series or class thereof) or personal holding company with a Fund (or class thereof).
Investments in a Fund by ReFlow in connection with the Reflow liquidity program are also not subject to the minimum investment amount.
Distribution Plans
The Trust has in effect a compensation-type Distribution Plan for Investor Class shares (the Investor Class Plan) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. The Investor Class Plan is designed to (i) finance activities which are primarily intended to result in the distribution and sales of Investor Class shares and to make payments in connection with the distribution of such shares and (ii) pay service fees for personal services and/or the maintenance of shareholder accounts to the principal underwriter, financial intermediaries and other persons. The distribution and service fees payable under the Investor Class Plan shall not exceed 0.25% of the average daily net assets attributable to Investor Class shares for any fiscal year. Investor Class distribution and service fees are paid monthly in arrears. For the distribution and service fees paid by Investor Class shares, see Appendix A.
The Trustees of the Trust believe that the Plan will be a significant factor in the expected growth of each Funds assets, and will result in increased investment flexibility and advantages which have benefitted and will continue to benefit the Fund and its shareholders. The Eaton Vance organization may profit by reason of the operation of a Plan through an increase in Fund assets and if at any point in time the aggregate amounts received by the principal underwriter pursuant to a Plan exceeds the total expenses incurred in distributing Fund shares.
A Plan continues in effect from year to year so long as such continuance is approved at least annually by the vote of both a majority of (i) the noninterested Trustees of the Trust who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan or any agreements related to the Plan (the Plan Trustees) and (ii) all of the Trustees then in office. A Plan may be terminated at any time by vote of a majority of the Plan Trustees or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the applicable Class. Quarterly Trustee review of a written report of the amount expended under the Plan and the purposes for which such expenditures were made is required. A Plan may not be amended to increase materially the payments described therein without approval of the shareholders of the affected Class and the Trustees. So long as a Plan is in effect, the selection and nomination of the noninterested Trustees shall be committed to the discretion of such Trustees. The Trustees, including the Plan Trustees, initially approved the current Plan(s) on April 22, 2013 for each Fund. Any Trustee of the Trust who is an interested person of the Trust has an indirect financial interest in a Plan because his or her employer (or affiliates thereof) receives distribution and/or service fees under the Plan or agreements related thereto.
PERFORMANCE
Performance Calculations. Average annual total return before deduction of taxes (pre-tax return) is determined by multiplying a hypothetical initial purchase order of $1,000 by the average annual compound rate of return (including capital appreciation/depreciation, and distributions paid and reinvested) for the stated period and annualizing the result. The calculation
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
assumes (i) that all distributions are reinvested at net asset value on the reinvestment dates during the period, (ii) the deduction of the maximum of any initial sales charge from the initial $1,000 purchase, (iii) a complete redemption of the investment at the end of the period, and (iv) the deduction of any applicable CDSC at the end of the period.
Average annual total return after the deduction of taxes on distributions is calculated in the same manner as pre-tax return except the calculation assumes that any federal income taxes due on distributions are deducted from the distributions before they are reinvested. Average annual total return after the deduction of taxes on distributions and taxes on redemption also is calculated in the same manner as pre-tax return except the calculation assumes that (i) any federal income taxes due on distributions are deducted from the distributions before they are reinvested and (ii) any federal income taxes due upon redemption are deducted at the end of the period. After-tax returns are based on the highest federal income tax rates in effect for individual taxpayers as of the time of each assumed distribution and redemption (taking into account their tax character), and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. In calculating after-tax returns, the net value of any federal income tax credits available to shareholders is applied to reduce federal income taxes payable on distributions at or near year-end and, to the extent the net value of such credits exceeds such distributions, is then assumed to be reinvested in additional Fund shares at net asset value on the last day of the fiscal year in which the credit was generated or, in the case of certain tax credits, on the date on which the year-end distribution is paid. For pre-tax and after-tax total return information, see Appendix A and Appendix B.
In addition to the foregoing total return figures, each Fund may provide pre-tax and after-tax annual and cumulative total return, as well as the ending redeemable cash value of a hypothetical investment. If shares are subject to a sales charge, total return figures may be calculated based on reduced sales charges or at net asset value. These returns would be lower if the full sales charge was imposed. After-tax returns may also be calculated using different tax rate assumptions and taking into account state and local income taxes as well as federal taxes.
Yield is computed pursuant to a standardized formula by dividing the net investment income per share earned during a recent thirty-day period by the maximum offering price (including the maximum of any initial sales charge) per share on the last day of the period and annualizing the resulting figure. Yield figures do not reflect the deduction of any applicable CDSC, but assume the maximum of any initial sales charge. Actual yield may be affected by variations in sales charges on investments.
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings and Related Information.
The Board has adopted policies and procedures (the Policies) with respect to the disclosure of information about portfolio holdings of each Fund. See
the Funds'
Prospectus for information on disclosure made in filings with the SEC and/or posted on the Eaton Vance website (www.eatonvance.com) and disclosure of certain portfolio characteristics. Pursuant to the Policies, information about portfolio holdings of a Fund may also be disclosed as follows:
Confidential disclosure for a legitimate Fund purpose: Portfolio holdings may be disclosed, from time to time as necessary, for a legitimate business purpose of a Fund, believed to be in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders, provided there is a duty or an agreement that the information be kept confidential. Any such confidentiality agreement includes provisions intended to impose a duty not to trade on the non-public information. The Policies permit disclosure of portfolio holdings information to the following: 1) affiliated and unaffiliated service providers that have a legal or contractual duty to keep such information confidential, such as employees of the investment adviser (including portfolio managers and, in the case of a Portfolio, the portfolio manager of any account that invests in the Portfolio), the administrator, custodian, transfer agent, principal underwriter, etc. described herein and in the Prospectus; 2) other persons who owe a fiduciary or other duty of trust or confidence to the Fund (such as Fund legal counsel and independent registered public accounting firm); or 3) persons to whom the disclosure is made in advancement of a legitimate business purpose of a Fund and who have expressly agreed in writing to maintain the disclosed information in confidence and to use it only in connection with the legitimate business purpose underlying the arrangement. To the extent applicable to an Eaton Vance fund, such persons may include securities lending agents which may receive information from time to time regarding selected holdings which may be loaned by a Fund, in the event a Fund is rated, credit rating agencies (Moodys Investor Services, Inc. and Standard & Poors Ratings Group), analytical service providers engaged by the investment adviser (Advent, Bloomberg L.P., Evare, Factset, McMunn Associates, Inc., MSCI/Barra and The Yield Book, Inc.), proxy evaluation vendors (Institutional Shareholder Servicing Inc.), pricing services (TRPS Mark-to-Market Pricing Service, WM Company Reuters Information Services and Non-Deliverable Forward Rates Service, Pricing Direct, FT Interactive Data Corp., Standard & Poors Securities Evaluation Service, Inc., SuperDerivatives and Stat Pro.), which receive information as needed to price a particular holding, translation services, third-party reconciliation services, lenders under Fund credit facilities (Citibank, N.A. and its affiliates), consultants and other product evaluators (Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC) and, for purposes of facilitating portfolio transactions, financial intermediaries and other intermediaries (national and regional municipal bond dealers and mortgage-backed securities dealers). These entities receive portfolio information on an as needed basis in order to
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
perform the service for which they are being engaged. If required in order to perform their duties, this information will be provided in real time or as soon as practical thereafter. Additional categories of disclosure involving a legitimate business purpose may be added to this list upon the authorization of a Funds Board.
In addition to the foregoing, disclosure of portfolio holdings may be made to a Funds investment adviser as a seed investor in a fund, in order for the adviser or its parent to satisfy certain reporting obligations and reduce its exposure to market risk factors associated with any such seed investment. Also
, in connection with a redemption in kind, the redeeming shareholder may be required to agree to keep the information about the securities to be so distributed confidential, except to the extent necessary to dispose of the securities.
Historical portfolio holdings information: From time to time, each Fund may be requested to provide historic portfolio holdings information or certain characteristics of portfolio holdings that have not been made public previously. In such case, the requested information may be provided if: the information is requested for due diligence or another legitimate purpose; the requested portfolio holdings or portfolio characteristics are for a period that is no more recent than the date of the portfolio holdings or portfolio characteristics posted to the Eaton Vance website; and the dissemination of the requested information is reviewed and approved in accordance with the Policies.
The Funds, the investment adviser, sub-advisers and principal underwriter will not receive any monetary or other consideration in connection with the disclosure of information concerning a Funds portfolio holdings.
The Policies may not be waived, or exception made, without the consent of the CCO of the Funds. The CCO may not waive or make exception to the Policies unless such waiver or exception is consistent with the intent of the Policies, which is to ensure that disclosure of portfolio information is in the best interest of Fund shareholders. In determining whether to permit a waiver of or exception to the Policies, the CCO will consider whether the proposed disclosure serves a legitimate purpose of a Fund, whether it could provide the recipient with an advantage over Fund shareholders or whether the proposed disclosure gives rise to a conflict of interest between a Funds shareholders and its investment adviser, principal underwriter or other affiliated person. The CCO will report all waivers of or exceptions to the Policies to the Board at their next meeting. The Board may impose additional restrictions on the disclosure of portfolio holdings information at any time.
The Policies are designed to provide useful information concerning a Fund to existing and prospective Fund shareholders while at the same time inhibiting the improper use of portfolio holdings information in trading Fund shares and/or portfolio securities held by a Fund. However, there can be no assurance that the provision of any portfolio holdings information is not susceptible to inappropriate uses (such as the development of market timing models), particularly in the hands of highly sophisticated investors, or that it will not in fact be used in such ways beyond the control of the Funds.
TAXES
The following is a summary of some of the tax consequences affecting the Fund and its shareholders. The summary does not address all of the special tax rules applicable to certain classes of investors, such as
Individual Retirement Accounts
and other
employer sponsored
retirement plans, tax-exempt entities, foreign investors, insurance companies and financial institutions. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors with respect to special tax rules that may apply in their particular situations, as well as the federal, state, local, and, where applicable, foreign tax consequences of investing in the Fund.
Taxation of the Fund. The Fund, as a series of the Trust, is treated as a separate entity for federal income tax purposes. The Fund has elected to be treated and intends to qualify each year as a regulated investment company (RIC) under Subchapter M of the Code. Accordingly, the Fund intends to satisfy certain requirements relating to sources of its income and diversification of its assets and to distribute substantially all of its net investment income (including tax-exempt income, if any) and net short-term and long-term capital gains (after reduction by any available capital loss carryforwards) in accordance with the timing requirements imposed by the Code, so as to maintain its RIC status and to avoid paying any federal income tax. If the Fund qualifies for treatment as a RIC and satisfies the above-mentioned distribution requirements, it will not be subject to federal income tax on income paid to its shareholders in the form of dividends or capital gain distributions. The Fund qualified as a RIC for its most recent fiscal year.
The Fund also seeks to avoid payment of federal excise tax. However, if the Fund fails to distribute in a calendar year substantially all of its ordinary income for such year and substantially all of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ending October 31 (or later if the Fund is permitted to so elect and so elects), plus any retained amount from the prior year, the Fund will be subject to a 4% excise tax on the undistributed amounts. In order to avoid incurring a federal excise tax obligation, the Code requires that the Fund
distributes
(or be deemed to have distributed) by December 31 of each calendar year (i) at least 98% of its ordinary income (excluding tax-exempt income, if any) for such year, (ii) at least 98.2% of its capital gain net income (which is the excess of its realized capital gains over its realized capital losses), generally computed on the basis of the
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
one-year period ending on October 31 of such year, after reduction by any available capital loss carryforwards, and (iii) 100% of any income and capital gains from the prior year (as previously computed) that was not paid out during such year and on which the Fund paid no federal income tax. If the Fund fails to meet these requirements it will be subject to a nondeductible 4% excise tax on the undistributed amounts. Under current law, provided that the Fund qualifies as a RIC (and, where applicable, the Portfolio is treated as a partnership for Massachusetts and federal tax purposes), the Fund should not be liable for any income, corporate excise or franchise tax in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
If the Fund does not qualify as a RIC for any taxable year, the Funds taxable income will be subject to corporate income taxes, and all distributions from earnings and profits, including distributions of tax-exempt income and net capital gain (if any), will be taxable to the shareholder as dividend income. However, such distributions may be eligible (i) to be treated as qualified dividend income in the case of shareholders taxed as individuals and (ii) for the dividends-received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders. In addition, in order to re-qualify for taxation as a RIC, the Fund may be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest, and make substantial distributions.
In certain situations, the Fund may, for a taxable year, elect to defer all or a portion of its capital losses realized after October and
its
late
-
year ordinary losses
(defined as the excess of post-October specified losses (as defined in the Code) and other post-December ordinary losses over post-October specified gains (as defined in the Code) and other post-December ordinary income) realized after December
until the next taxable year in computing its investment company taxable income and net capital gain, which will defer the recognition of such realized losses.
Such deferrals and other rules regarding gains and losses realized after October
(or December)
may affect the tax character of shareholder distributions.
The Code contains a provision codifying the judicial economic substance doctrine, which has traditionally been used by courts to deny tax benefits for transactions that lack economic substance; a strict liability penalty is imposed for an understatement of tax liability due to a transactions lack of economic substance.
Taxation of the Portfolio. If the Fund invests its assets in the Portfolio, the Portfolio normally must satisfy the applicable source of income and diversification requirements in order for the Fund to also satisfy these requirements. For federal income tax purposes, the Portfolio intends to be treated as a partnership that is not a publicly traded partnership and, as a result, will not be subject to federal income tax. The Fund, as an investor in the Portfolio, will be required to take into account in determining its federal income tax liability its share of such Portfolios income, gains, losses, deductions and credits, without regard to whether it has received any distributions from such Portfolio. The Portfolio will allocate at least annually among its investors, including the Fund, the Portfolios net investment income, net realized capital gains, and any other items of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit. For purposes of applying the requirements of the Code regarding qualification as a RIC, the Fund (i) will be deemed to own its proportionate share of each of the assets of the Portfolio and (ii) will be entitled to the gross income of the Portfolio attributable to such share. Under current law, provided that the Portfolio is treated as a partnership for Massachusetts and federal tax purposes, the Portfolio should not be liable for any income, corporate excise or franchise tax in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
Taxation of the Subsidiary. To the extent described in the prospectus, the Commodity Strategy Fund may invest in the Subsidiary. The Subsidiary is classified as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As described in the prospectus, the Fund has either applied for or received from the IRS a private letter ruling or has received advice from counsel relating to the treatment of the income allocated to the Fund from the Subsidiary for purposes of the Funds status as a RIC under the Code. Foreign corporations, such as the Subsidiary, will generally not be subject to U.S. federal income taxation unless they are deemed to be engaged in a U.S. trade or business. It is expected that the Subsidiary will conduct it activities in a manner so as to meet the requirements of a safe harbor under Section 864(b)(2) of the Code under which the Subsidiary may engage in trading in stocks or securities or certain commodities without being deemed to be engaged in a U.S. trade or business. However, if certain of the Subsidiary's activities were determined not to be of the type described in the safe harbor (which is not expected), then the activities of the Subsidiary may constitute a U.S. trade or business, and would be taxed as such.
The Subsidiary is treated as a controlled foreign corporation (CFC) for tax purposes and the Fund is treated as a U.S. shareholder of the Subsidiary. As a result, the Fund is required to include in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes all of the Subsidiary's subpart F income, whether or not such income is distributed by the Subsidiary. It is expected that all of the Subsidiary's income will be subpart F income. The Funds recognition of the Subsidiary's subpart F income will increase the Funds tax basis in the Subsidiary. Distributions by the Subsidiary to the Fund will be tax-free, to the extent of its previously undistributed subpart F income, and will correspondingly reduce the Fund's tax basis in the Subsidiary. Subpart F income is generally treated as ordinary income, regardless of the character of the Subsidiary's underlying income. If a net loss is realized by the Subsidiary, such loss is not generally available to offset the income earned by the Fund.
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
Tax Consequences of Certain Investments. The following summary of the tax consequences of certain types of investments applies to the Fund and the Portfolio, as appropriate. References in the following summary to the Fund are to any Fund or Portfolio that can engage in the particular practice as described in the prospectus or SAI.
Securities Acquired at Market Discount or with Original Issue Discount. Investment in securities acquired at a market discount, or in zero coupon, deferred interest, payment-in-kind and certain other securities with original issue discount, generally may cause the Fund to realize income prior to the receipt of cash payments with respect to these securities. Such income will be accrued daily by the Fund and, in order to avoid a tax payable by the Fund, the Fund may be required to liquidate securities that it might otherwise have continued to hold in order to generate cash so that the Fund may make required distributions to its shareholders. The Fund may elect to accrue market discount income on a daily basis.
Lower Rated or Defaulted Securities. Investments in securities that are at risk of, or are in, default present special tax issues for the Fund. Tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless securities and how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income.
Municipal Obligations. Any recognized gain or income attributable to market discount on long-term tax-exempt municipal obligations (i.e., obligations with a term of more than one year) purchased after April 30, 1993 (except to the extent of a portion of the discount attributable to original issue discount), is taxable as ordinary income. A long-term debt obligation is generally treated as acquired at a market discount if purchased after its original issue at a price less than (i) the stated principal amount payable at maturity, in the case of an obligation that does not have original issue discount or (ii) in the case of an obligation that does have original issue discount, the sum of the issue price and any original issue discount that accrued before the obligation was purchased, subject to a de minimis exclusion.
From time to time proposals have been introduced before Congress for the purpose of restricting or eliminating the federal income tax exemption for interest on certain types of municipal obligations, and it can be expected that similar proposals may be introduced in the future. As a result of any such future legislation, the availability of municipal obligations for investment by the Fund and the value of the securities held by it may be affected. It is possible that events occurring after the date of issuance of municipal obligations, or after the Funds acquisition of such an obligation, may result in a determination that the interest paid on that obligation is taxable, even retroactively.
If the Fund seeks income exempt from state and/or local taxes, information about such taxes is contained in an appendix to this SAI (see the Table of Contents).
Tax Credit Bonds. If the Fund holds, directly or indirectly, one or more tax credit bonds (including Build America Bonds, clean renewable energy bonds and other qualified tax credit bonds) on one or more applicable dates during a taxable year and the Fund satisfies the minimum distribution requirement, the Fund may elect to permit its shareholders to claim a tax credit on their income tax returns equal to each shareholders proportionate share of tax credits from the applicable bonds that otherwise would be allowed to the Fund. In such a case, shareholders must include in gross income (as interest) their proportionate share of the income attributable to their proportionate share of those offsetting tax credits. A shareholders ability to claim a tax credit associated with one or more tax credit bonds may be subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code. Even if the Fund is eligible to pass through tax credits to shareholders, the Fund may choose not to do so.
Derivatives. The Funds investments in options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward contracts (to the extent permitted) and certain other transactions may be subject to special tax rules (including mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale, short sale and other rules), the effect of which may be to accelerate income to the Fund, defer Fund losses, cause adjustments in the holding periods of Fund securities, convert capital gain into ordinary income and convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and character of Fund distributions.
Investments in so-called section 1256 contracts, such as regulated futures contracts, most foreign currency forward contracts traded in the interbank market and options on most stock indices, are subject to special tax rules. All section 1256 contracts held by the Fund at the end of its taxable year are required to be marked to their market value, and any unrealized gain or loss on those positions will be included in the Funds income as if each position had been sold for its fair market value at the end of the taxable year. The resulting gain or loss will be combined with any gain or loss realized by the Fund from positions in section 1256 contracts closed during the taxable year. Provided such positions were held as capital assets and were not part of a hedging transaction nor part of a straddle, 60% of the resulting net gain or loss will be treated as long-term capital gain or
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
loss, and 40% of such net gain or loss will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss, regardless of the period of time the positions were actually held by the Fund.
Fund positions in index options that do not qualify as section 1256 contracts under the Code generally will be treated as equity options governed by Code Section 1234. Pursuant to Code Section 1234, if a written option expires unexercised, the premium received is short-term capital gain to the Fund. If the Fund enters into a closing transaction with respect to a written option, the difference between the premium received and the amount paid to close out its position is short-term capital gain or loss. If an option written by the Fund that is not a section 1256 contract is cash settled, any resulting gain or loss will be short-term capital gain. For an option purchased by the Fund that is not a section 1256 contract
,
any gain or loss resulting from sale of the option will be a capital gain or loss, and will be short-term or long-term, depending upon the holding period for the option. If the option expires, the resulting loss is a capital loss and is short-term or long-term, depending upon the holding period for the option. If a put option written by the Fund is exercised and physically settled, the premium received is treated as a reduction in the amount paid to acquire the underlying securities, increasing the gain or decreasing the loss to be realized by the Fund upon sale of the securities. If a call option written by the Fund is exercised and physically settled, the premium received is included in the sale proceeds, increasing the gain or decreasing the loss realized by the Fund at the time of option exercise.
As a result of entering into swap contracts, the Fund may make or receive periodic net payments. The Fund may also make or receive a payment when a swap is terminated prior to maturity through an assignment of the swap or other closing transaction. Periodic net payments will generally constitute ordinary income or deductions, while termination of a swap will generally result in capital gain or loss (which will be a long-term capital gain or loss if the Fund has been a party to a swap for more than one year). With respect to certain types of swaps, the Fund may be required to currently recognize income or loss with respect to future payments on such swaps or may elect under certain circumstances to mark such swaps to market annually for tax purposes as ordinary income or loss.
Short Sales. In general, gain or loss on a short sale is recognized when the Fund closes the sale by delivering the borrowed property to the lender, not when the borrowed property is sold. Gain or loss from a short sale is generally considered to be capital gain or loss to the extent that the property used to close the short sale constitutes a capital asset in the Funds hands. Except with respect to certain situations where the property used to close a short sale has a long-term holding period on the date of the short sale, special rules generally treat the gains on short sales as short-term capital gains. These rules may also terminate the running of the holding period of substantially identical property held by the Fund. Moreover, a loss on a short sale will be treated as a long-term capital loss if, on the date of the short sale, substantially identical property has been held by the Fund for more than one year. In general, the Fund will not be permitted to deduct payments made to reimburse the lender of securities for dividends paid on borrowed stock if the short sale is closed on or before the 45th day after the short sale is entered.
Constructive Sales. The Fund may recognize gain (but not loss) from a constructive sale of certain appreciated financial positions if the Fund enters into a short sale, offsetting notional principal contract, or forward contract transaction with respect to the appreciated position or substantially identical property. Appreciated financial positions subject to this constructive sale treatment include interests (including options and forward contracts and short sales) in stock and certain other instruments. Constructive sale treatment does not apply if the transaction is closed out not later than thirty days after the end of the taxable year in which the transaction was initiated, and the underlying appreciated securities position is held unhedged for at least the next sixty days after the hedging transaction is closed.
Gain or loss on a short sale will generally not be realized until such time as the short sale is closed. However, as described above in the discussion of constructive sales, if the Fund holds a short sale position with respect to securities that have appreciated in value, and it then acquires property that is the same as or substantially identical to the property sold short, the Fund generally will recognize gain on the date it acquires such property as if the short sale were closed on such date with such property. Similarly, if the Fund holds an appreciated financial position with respect to securities and then enters into a short sale with respect to the same or substantially identical property, the Fund generally will recognize gain as if the appreciated financial position were sold at its fair market value on the date it enters into the short sale. The subsequent holding period for any appreciated financial position that is subject to these constructive sale rules will be determined as if such position were acquired on the date of the constructive sale.
Foreign Investments and Currencies. The Funds investments in foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes or other foreign taxes with respect to income (possibly including, in some cases, capital gains), which would decrease the Funds income on such securities. These taxes may be reduced or eliminated under the terms of an applicable U.S. income tax treaty. If more than 50% of Fund assets at year end consists of the debt and equity securities of foreign corporations, the Fund may elect to permit shareholders to claim a credit or deduction on their income tax returns for their pro rata portion of qualified taxes paid by the Fund to foreign countries. If the election is made, shareholders will include in gross income from foreign sources their pro
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rata share of such taxes. A shareholders ability to claim a foreign tax credit or deduction in respect of foreign taxes paid by the Fund may be subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code (including a holding period requirement applied at both the Fund and shareholder level), as a result of which a shareholder may not get a full credit or deduction for the amount of such taxes. In particular, the Fund must own the dividend-paying stock for more than 15 days during the 31-day period beginning 15 days prior to the ex-dividend date. Likewise, shareholders must hold their Fund shares (without protection from risk or loss) on the ex-dividend date and for at least 15 additional days during the 31-day period beginning 15 days prior to the ex-dividend date to be eligible to claim the foreign tax with respect to a given dividend. Shareholders who do not itemize deductions on their federal income tax returns may claim a credit (but no deduction) for such taxes. Individual shareholders subject to the alternative minimum tax (AMT) may not deduct such taxes for AMT purposes.
Transactions in foreign currencies, foreign currency-denominated debt securities and certain foreign currency options, futures contracts, forward contracts and similar instruments (to the extent permitted) may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency. Under Section 988 of the Code, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the time the Fund accrues income or receivables or expenses or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects such income or pays such liabilities are generally treated as ordinary income or ordinary loss.
Investments in
passive foreign investment companies
(PFICs) could subject the Fund to U.S. federal income tax or other charges on certain distributions from such companies and on disposition of investments in such companies; however, the tax effects of such investments may be mitigated by making an election to mark such investments to market annually or treat the PFIC as a qualified electing fund. If the Fund were to invest in a PFIC and elect to treat the PFIC as a qualified electing fund under the Code, the Fund might be required to include in income each year a portion of the ordinary earnings and net capital gains of the qualified electing fund, even if not distributed to the Fund, and such amounts would be subject to the distribution requirements described above. In order to make this election, the Fund would be required to obtain certain annual information from the PFICs in which it invests, which may be difficult or impossible to obtain. Alternatively, if the Fund were to make a mark-to-market election with respect to a PFIC, the Fund would be treated as if it had sold and repurchased the PFIC stock at the end of each year. In such case, the Fund would report any such gains as ordinary income and would deduct any such losses as ordinary losses to the extent of previously recognized gains. This election must be made separately for each PFIC, and once made, would be effective for all subsequent taxable years unless revoked with the consent of the IRS. The Fund may be required to recognize income in excess of the distributions it receives from PFICs and its proceeds from dispositions of PFIC stock in any particular year. As a result, the Fund may have to distribute this phantom income and gain to satisfy the distribution requirement and to avoid imposition of the 4% excise tax.
U.S. Government Securities. Distributions paid by the Fund that are derived from interest on obligations of the U.S. Government and certain of its agencies and instrumentalities (but generally not distributions of capital gains realized upon the disposition of such obligations) may be exempt from state and local income taxes. The Fund generally intends to advise shareholders of the extent, if any, to which its distributions consist of such interest. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisers regarding the possible exclusion of such portion of their dividends for state and local income tax purposes.
Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs). Any investment by the Fund in equity securities of a REIT qualifying as such under Subchapter M of the Code may result in the Funds receipt of cash in excess of the REITs earnings; if the Fund distributes these amounts, these distributions could constitute a return of capital to Fund shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Investments in REIT equity securities also may require the Fund to accrue and distribute income not yet received. To generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, the Fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio (including when it is not advantageous to do so) that it otherwise would have continued to hold. Dividends received by the Fund from a REIT will not qualify for the corporate dividends-received deduction and generally will not constitute qualified dividend income.
Inflation-Indexed Bonds. Periodic adjustments for inflation to the principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond may give rise to original issue discount, which will be includable in the Funds gross income (see Securities Acquired at Market Discount or with Original Issue Discount above). Also, if the principal value of an inflation-indexed bond is adjusted downward due to inflation, amounts previously distributed in the taxable year may be characterized in some circumstances as a return of capital (see Taxation of Fund Shareholders below).
Taxation of Fund Shareholders. Subject to the discussion of distributions of tax-exempt income below, Fund distributions of investment income and net gains from investments held for one year or less will be taxable as ordinary income. Fund distributions of any net gains from investments held for more than one year are taxable as long-term capital gains. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the Fund owned the investments that generated the gains, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her shares in the Fund. Dividends and distributions on the Funds shares are generally
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subject to federal income tax as described herein to the extent they are made out of the Funds earnings and profits, even though such dividends and distributions may economically represent a return of a particular shareholders investment. Such distributions are likely to occur in respect of shares purchased at a time when the Funds net asset value reflects gains that are either unrealized, or realized but not distributed. Such realized gains may be required to be distributed even when the Funds net asset value also reflects unrealized losses.
Distributions paid by the Fund during any period may be more or less than the amount of net investment income and capital gains actually earned during the period. If the Fund makes a distribution to a shareholder in excess of the Funds current and accumulated earnings and profits in any taxable year, the excess distribution will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of such shareholders tax basis in its shares, and thereafter as capital gain. A return of capital is not taxable, but it reduces a shareholders tax basis in its shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by the shareholder of its shares. A shareholders tax basis cannot go below zero and any return of capital distributions in excess of a shareholders tax basis will be treated as capital gain.
Ordinarily, shareholders are required to take taxable distributions by the Fund into account in the year in which the distributions are made. However, for federal income tax purposes, dividends that are declared by the Fund in October, November or December as of a record date in such month and actually paid in January of the following year will be treated as if they were paid on December 31 of the year declared. Therefore, such dividends will generally be taxable to a shareholder in the year declared rather than in the year paid.
The amount of distributions payable by the Fund may vary depending on general economic and market conditions, the composition of investments, current management strategy and Fund operating expenses. The Fund will inform shareholders of the tax character of
distributions annually
to facilitate shareholder tax reporting
.
The Fund may elect to retain its net capital gain, in which case the Fund will be taxed thereon (except to the extent of any available capital loss carryovers) at the 35% corporate tax rate. In such a case, it is expected that the Fund also will elect to have shareholders of record on the last day of its taxable year treated as if each received a distribution of its pro rata share of such gain, with the result that each shareholder will be required to report its pro rata share of such gain on its tax return as long-term capital gain, will receive a refundable tax credit for its pro rata share of tax paid by the Fund on the gain, and will increase the tax basis for its shares by an amount equal to the deemed distribution less the tax credit.
Any Fund distribution, other than dividends that are declared by the Fund on a daily basis, will have the effect of reducing the per share net asset value of Fund shares by the amount of the distribution. If a shareholder buys shares when the Fund has unrealized or realized but not yet distributed ordinary income or capital gains, the shareholder will pay full price for the shares and then may receive a portion back as a taxable distribution even though such distribution may economically represent a return of the shareholders investment.
Tax-Exempt Income. Distributions by the Fund of net tax-exempt interest income that are properly reported as exempt-interest dividends may be treated by shareholders as interest excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes under Section 103(a) of the Code. In order for the Fund to be entitled to pay the tax-exempt interest income as exempt-interest dividends to its shareholders, the Fund must satisfy certain requirements, including the requirement that, at the close of each quarter of its taxable year, at least 50% of the value of its total assets consists of obligations the interest on which is exempt from regular federal income tax under Code Section 103(a). Interest on certain municipal obligations may be taxable for purposes of the federal AMT and for state and local purposes. In addition, corporate shareholders must include the full amount of exempt-interest dividends in computing the preference items for the purposes of the AMT. Fund shareholders are required to report tax-exempt interest on their federal income tax returns.
Tax-exempt distributions received from the Fund are taken into account in determining, and may increase, the portion of social security and certain railroad retirement benefits that may be subject to federal income tax. Interest on indebtedness incurred by a shareholder to purchase or carry Fund shares that distributes exempt-interest dividends will not be deductible for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If a shareholder receives exempt interest dividends with respect to any Fund share and if the share is held by the shareholder for six months or less, then any loss on the sale or exchange of the share may, to the extent of the exempt-interest dividends, be disallowed. Furthermore, a portion of any exempt-interest dividend paid by the Fund that represents income derived from certain revenue or private activity bonds held by the Fund may not retain its tax-exempt status in the hands of a shareholder who is a substantial user of a facility financed by such bonds, or a related person thereof. In addition, the receipt of dividends and distributions from the Fund may affect a foreign corporate shareholders federal branch profits tax liability and the federal excess net passive income tax liability of a shareholder of a Subchapter S corporation. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors as to whether they are (i) substantial users with respect to a facility or related to such
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users within the meaning of the Code or (ii) subject to a federal alternative minimum tax, the federal branch profits tax, or the federal excess net passive income tax.
Qualified Dividend Income.
Qualified dividend income received by an individual is taxed at the rates applicable to long-term capital gain (
currently
at a maximum rate of 20
% plus a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax).
In order for a dividend received by Fund shareholders to be qualified dividend income, the Fund must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the dividend-paying stock in its portfolio and the shareholder must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the Funds shares. A dividend will not be treated as qualified dividend income (at either the Fund or shareholder level) (1) if the dividend is received with respect to any share of stock held for fewer than 61 days during the 121-day period beginning at the date which is 60 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (or, in the case of certain preferred stock, 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date), (2) to the extent that the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property, (3) if the recipient elects to have the dividend income treated as investment interest, or (4) if the dividend is received from a foreign corporation that is (a) not eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the U.S. (with the exception of dividends paid on stock of such a foreign corporation readily tradable on an established securities market in the U.S.) or (b) treated as a passive foreign investment company.
Payments in lieu of dividends, such as payments pursuant to securities lending arrangements, also do not qualify to be treated as qualified dividend income.
In general, distributions of investment income reported by the Fund as derived from qualified dividend income will be treated as qualified dividend income by a shareholder taxed as an individual provided the shareholder meets the holding period and other requirements described above with respect to the Funds shares. In any event, if the aggregate qualified dividends received by the Fund during any taxable year are 95% or more of its gross income, then 100% of the Funds dividends (other than properly reported capital gain dividends) will be eligible to be treated as qualified dividend income. For this purpose, the only gain with respect to the sale of stocks and securities included in the term gross income is the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss.
Dividends Received Deduction for Corporations. A portion of distributions made by the Fund which are derived from dividends from U.S. corporations may qualify for the dividends-received deduction (DRD) for corporations. The DRD is reduced to the extent the Fund shares with respect to which the dividends are received are treated as debt-financed under the Code and is eliminated if the shares are deemed to have been held for less than a minimum period, generally more than 45 days during the 91-day period beginning 45 days before the ex-dividend date or if the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property. Receipt of certain distributions qualifying for the DRD may result in reduction of the tax basis of the corporate shareholders shares. Distributions eligible for the DRD may give rise to or increase the alternative minimum tax for certain corporations. Payments in lieu of dividends, such as payments pursuant to securities lending arrangements, also do not qualify for the DRD.
Recognition of Unrelated Business Taxable Income by Tax-Exempt Shareholders.
Under current law, tax-exempt investors generally will not recognize unrelated business taxable income (UBTI) from distributions from the Fund. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a tax-exempt shareholder could recognize UBTI if shares in the Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of a tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of Code section 514(b). In addition, certain types of income received by the Fund from REITs, real estate mortgage investment conduits (REMICs), taxable mortgage pools or other investments may cause the Fund to designate some or all of its distributions as excess inclusion income. To Fund shareholders such excess inclusion income may: (1) constitute taxable income as UBTI for those shareholders who would otherwise be tax-exempt such as Individual Retirement Accounts,
employer sponsored retirement
plans and certain charitable entities; (2) not be offset by otherwise allowable deductions for tax purposes; (3) not be eligible for reduced U.S. withholding for non-U.S. shareholders even from tax treaty countries; and (4) cause the Fund to be subject to tax if certain disqualified organizations as defined by the Code are Fund shareholders.
Redemption or Exchange of Fund Shares. Generally, upon sale or exchange of Fund shares, a shareholder will realize a taxable gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized and the basis in the shares. Such gain or loss will be treated as capital gain or loss if the shares are capital assets in the shareholders hands, and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the shares are held for more than one year, and short-term capital gain or loss if the shares are held for one year or less.
Any loss realized upon the sale or exchange of Fund shares with a tax holding period of six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any distributions treated as long-term capital gain with respect to such shares. In addition, all or a portion of a loss realized on a redemption or other disposition of Fund shares may be disallowed under wash sale rules to the extent the shareholder acquired other shares of the same Fund (whether through the reinvestment of distributions or otherwise) within the period beginning 30 days before the redemption of the loss shares and ending 30 days after such date. Any disallowed loss will result in an adjustment to the shareholders tax basis in some or all of the other shares acquired.
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Sales charges paid upon a purchase of shares subject to a front-end sales charge cannot be taken into account for purposes of determining gain or loss on a redemption or exchange of the shares before the 91st day after their purchase to the extent a sales charge is reduced or eliminated in a subsequent acquisition of Fund shares (or shares of another fund) on or before January 31 of the following calendar year pursuant to the reinvestment or exchange privilege. Any disregarded amounts will result in an adjustment to the shareholders tax basis in some or all of any other shares acquired.
Applicability of Medicare Contribution Tax.
The Code imposes a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax on unearned income of certain U.S. individuals, estates and trusts. For individuals, the tax is on the lesser of the net investment income and the excess of modified adjusted gross income over $200,000 (or $250,000 if married filing jointly). Net investment income includes, among other things, interest, dividends, and gross income and capital gains derived from passive activities and trading in securities or commodities. Net investment income is reduced by deductions properly allocable to this income.
Back-Up Withholding for U.S. Shareholders. Amounts paid by the Fund to individuals and certain other shareholders who have not provided the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification number (TIN) and certain certifications required by the IRS as well as shareholders with respect to whom the Fund has received certain information from the IRS or a broker, may be subject to backup withholding of federal income tax arising from the Funds taxable dividends and other distributions as well as the proceeds of redemption transactions (including repurchases and exchanges), at a rate of 28%. An individuals TIN is generally his or her social security number. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amount withheld may be credited against a shareholders U.S. federal income tax liability.
Taxation of Foreign Shareholders. In general, dividends (other than capital gain dividends and exempt-interest dividends) paid to a shareholder that is not a U.S. person within the meaning of the Code (a foreign person or foreign shareholder) are subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate). The withholding tax does not apply to regular dividends paid to a foreign person who provides a Form W-8ECI, certifying that the dividends are effectively connected with the foreign persons conduct of a trade or business within the United States. Instead, the effectively connected dividends will be subject to regular U.S. income tax as if the foreign person were a U.S. shareholder. A non-U.S. corporation receiving effectively connected dividends may also be subject to additional branch profits tax imposed at a rate of 30% (or lower treaty rate). A foreign person who fails to provide an IRS Form W-8BEN or other applicable form may be subject to backup withholding at the appropriate rate. A foreign shareholder would generally be exempt from U.S. federal income tax, including withholding tax, on gains realized on the sale of shares of the Fund, net capital gain dividends, exempt interest dividends, and amounts retained by the Fund that are reported as undistributed capital gains.
For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2014, properly reported dividends are generally exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax where they (i) are paid in respect of the Funds qualified net interest income (generally, the Funds U.S. source interest income, other than certain contingent interest and interest from obligations of a corporation or partnership in which the Fund is at least a 10% shareholder, reduced by expenses that are allocable to such income) or (ii) are paid in respect of the Funds qualified short-term capital gains (generally, the excess of the Funds net short-term capital gain over the Funds long-term capital loss for such taxable year). However, depending on its circumstances, the Fund may report all, some or none of its potentially eligible dividends as such qualified net interest income or as qualified short-term capital gains and/or treat such dividends, in whole or in part, as ineligible for this exemption from withholding. In order to qualify for this exemption from withholding, a non-U.S. shareholder would need to comply with applicable certification requirements relating to its non-U.S. status (including, in general, furnishing an IRS Form W-8BEN or substitute Form). In the case of shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary could withhold even if the Fund designates the payment as qualified net interest income or qualified short-term capital gain. Non-U.S. shareholders should contact their intermediaries with respect to the application of these rules to their accounts.
For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2014, distributions that the Fund reports as short-term capital gain dividends or long-term capital gain dividends will not be treated as such to a recipient foreign shareholder if the distribution is attributable to gain from the sale or exchange of U.S. real property or an interest in a U.S. real property holding corporation and the Funds direct or indirect interests in U.S. real property exceeded certain levels. Instead, if the foreign shareholder has not owned more than 5% of the outstanding shares of the Fund at any time during the one year period ending on the date of distribution, such distributions will be subject to 30% withholding by the Fund and will be treated as ordinary dividends to the foreign shareholder; if the foreign shareholder owned more than 5% of the outstanding shares of the Fund at any time during the one year period ending on the date of the distribution, such distribution will be treated as real property gain subject to 35% withholding tax and could subject the foreign shareholder to U.S. filing requirements. The rules described in this paragraph, other than the withholding rules, will apply notwithstanding the Funds participation or a foreign shareholders participation in a wash sale transaction or the payment of a substitute dividend.
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Additionally, if the Funds direct or indirect interests in U.S. real property were to exceed certain levels, a foreign shareholder realizing gains upon redemption from the Fund could be subject to the 35% withholding tax and U.S. filing requirements unless the foreign person had not held more than 5% of the Funds outstanding shares throughout either such persons holding period for the redeemed shares or, if shorter, the previous five years, or for sales occurring on or before December 31, 2013, 50% or more of the value of the Funds shares were held by U.S. entities.
The same rules apply with respect to distributions to a foreign shareholder from the Fund and redemptions of a foreign shareholders interest in the Fund attributable to a REITs distribution to the Fund of gain from the sale or exchange of U.S. real property or an interest in a U.S. real property holding corporation, if the Funds direct or indirect interests in U.S. real property were to exceed certain levels. The rule with respect to distributions and redemptions attributable to a REITs distribution to the Fund will not expire for taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2014.
Provided that 50% or more of the value of the Funds stock is held by U.S. shareholders, distributions of U.S. real property interests (including securities in a U.S. real property holding corporation, unless such corporation is regularly traded on an established securities market and the Fund has held 5% or less of the outstanding shares of the corporation during the five-year period ending on the date of distribution) occurring on or before December 31, 2013, in redemption of a foreign shareholders shares of the Fund will cause the Fund to recognize gain. If the Fund is required to recognize gain, the amount of gain recognized will be equal to the fair market value of such interests over the Funds adjusted basis to the extent of the greatest foreign ownership percentage of the Fund during the five-year period ending on the date of redemption.
In the case of foreign non-corporate shareholders, the Fund may be required to backup withhold U.S. federal income tax on distributions that are otherwise exempt from withholding tax unless such shareholders furnish the Fund with proper notification of their foreign status.
Shares of the Fund held by a non-U.S. shareholder at death will be considered situated within the United States and subject to the U.S. estate tax.
Compliance with the HIRE Act.
A 30% withholding tax will be imposed on
U.S.-source
dividends
, interest and other income items
paid after
June 30, 2014
, and
proceeds
from the sale of property producing U.S.-source dividends and interest
paid after December 31, 2016, to (i) foreign financial institutions including non-U.S. investment funds unless they agree to collect and disclose to the IRS information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. account holders and (ii) certain other foreign entities, unless they certify certain information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. owners. To avoid withholding, foreign financial institutions will need to either enter into agreements with the IRS that state that they will provide the IRS information, including the names, addresses and taxpayer identification numbers of direct and indirect U.S. account holders, comply with due diligence procedures with respect to the identification of U.S. accounts, report to the IRS certain information with respect to U.S. accounts maintained, agree to withhold tax on certain payments made to non-compliant foreign financial institutions or to account holders who fail to provide the required information, and determine certain other information as to their account holders or, in the event that an applicable intergovernmental agreement and implementing legislation are adopted, agree to provide certain information to other revenue authorities for transmittal to the IRS. Other foreign entities will need to either provide the name, address, and taxpayer identification number of each substantial U.S. owner or certifications of no substantial U.S. ownership unless certain exceptions apply or agree to provide certain information to other revenue authorities for transmittal to the IRS. Non-U.S. shareholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the possible implications of these requirements on their investment in the Fund.
Requirements of Form 8886.
Under Treasury regulations, if a shareholder realizes a loss on disposition of the Funds shares of
at least
$2 million
in any single taxable year
or
$4 million in any combination of taxable years
for an individual shareholder or
at least
$10 million
in any single taxable year
or
$20 million in any combination of taxable years
for a corporate shareholder, the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a RIC are not excepted. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayers treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances. Under certain circumstances, certain tax-exempt entities and their managers may be subject to excise tax if they are parties to certain reportable transactions.
Other Taxes. Dividends, distributions and redemption proceeds may also be subject to additional state, local and foreign taxes depending on each shareholders particular situation.
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Changes in Taxation. The taxation of the Fund, the Portfolio, the Subsidiary and shareholders may be adversely affected by future legislation, Treasury regulations, IRS revenue procedures and/or guidance issued by the IRS.
PORTFOLIO SECURITIES TRANSACTIONS
Decisions concerning the execution of portfolio security transactions, including the selection of the market and the broker-dealer firm, are made by the investment adviser
.
Each Fund is responsible for the expenses associated with its portfolio transactions. The investment adviser is also responsible for the execution of transactions for all other accounts managed by it. The investment adviser places the portfolio security transactions for execution with one or more broker-dealer firms. The investment adviser uses its best efforts to obtain execution of portfolio security transactions at prices which in the investment advisers judgment are advantageous to the client and at a reasonably competitive spread or (when a disclosed commission is being charged) at reasonably competitive commission rates. In seeking such execution, the investment adviser will use its best judgment in evaluating the terms of a transaction, and will give consideration to various relevant factors, including without limitation the full range and quality of the broker-dealer firms services,
responsiveness of the firm to the investment adviser, the size and type of the transaction, the nature and character of the market for the security, the confidentiality, speed and certainty of effective execution required for the transaction, the general execution and operational capabilities of the broker-dealer firm, the reputation, reliability, experience and financial condition of the firm, the value and quality of the services rendered by the firm in this and other transactions, and the amount of the spread or commission, if any. In addition, the investment adviser may consider the receipt of Research Services (as defined below), provided it does not compromise the investment
advisers
obligation to seek best overall execution for a Fund. The investment adviser may engage in portfolio brokerage transactions with a broker-dealer firm that sells shares of Eaton Vance funds, provided such transactions are not directed to that firm as compensation for the promotion or sale of such shares.
Transactions on stock exchanges and other agency transactions involve the payment of negotiated brokerage commissions. Such commissions vary among different broker-dealer firms, and a particular broker-dealer may charge different commissions according to such factors as the difficulty and size of the transaction and the volume of business done with such broker-dealer. Transactions in foreign securities often involve the payment of brokerage commissions, which may be higher than those in the United States. There is generally no stated commission in the case of securities traded in the over-the-counter markets including transactions in fixed-income securities which are generally purchased and sold on a net basis (i.e., without commission) through broker-dealers and banks acting for their own account rather than as brokers. Such firms attempt to profit from such transactions by buying at the bid price and selling at the higher asked price of the market for such obligations, and the difference between the bid and asked price is customarily referred to as the spread. Fixed-income transactions may also be transactions directly with the issuer of the obligations. In an underwritten offering the price paid often includes a disclosed fixed commission or discount retained by the underwriter or dealer. Although spreads or commissions paid on portfolio security transactions will, in the judgment of the investment adviser, be reasonable in relation to the value of the services provided, commissions exceeding those which another firm might charge may be paid to broker-dealers who were selected to execute transactions on behalf of the investment advisers clients in part for providing brokerage and research services to the investment adviser.
Pursuant to the safe harbor provided in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Section 28(e)), a broker or dealer who executes a portfolio transaction on behalf of the investment adviser client may receive a commission that is in excess of the amount of commission another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction if the investment adviser determines in good faith that such compensation was reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided. This determination may be made on the basis of either that particular transaction or on the basis of the overall responsibility which the investment adviser and its affiliates have for accounts over which they exercise investment discretion. Research Services as used herein includes any and all brokerage and research services to the extent permitted by Section 28(e). Generally, Research Services may include, but are not limited to, such matters as research, analytical and quotation services, data, information and other services products and materials which assist the investment adviser in the performance of its investment responsibilities. More specifically, Research Services may include general economic, political, business and market information, industry and company reviews, evaluations of securities and portfolio strategies and transactions, technical analysis of various aspects of the securities markets, recommendations as to the purchase and sale of securities and other portfolio transactions, certain financial, industry and trade publications, certain news and information services, and certain research oriented computer software, data bases and services. Any particular Research Service obtained through a broker-dealer may be used by the investment adviser in connection with client accounts other than those accounts which pay commissions to such broker-dealer. Any such Research Service may be broadly useful and of value to the investment adviser in rendering investment advisory services to all or a significant portion of its clients, or may be relevant and useful for the management of only one clients account or of a few clients accounts, or may be useful for the management of merely a segment of certain clients accounts, regardless of whether any such account or accounts paid commissions to the broker-dealer through which such Research Service was obtained. The investment adviser evaluates the nature and quality of the various
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Research Services obtained through broker-dealer firms and may attempt to allocate sufficient portfolio security transactions to such firms to ensure the continued receipt of Research Services which the investment adviser believes are useful or of value to it in rendering investment advisory services to its clients. The investment adviser may also receive brokerage and Research Services from underwriters and dealers in fixed-price offerings.
Research Services provided by (and produced by) broker-dealers that execute portfolio transactions or from affiliates of executing broker-dealers are referred to as Proprietary Research. The investment adviser may and does consider the receipt of Proprietary Research Services as a factor in selecting broker dealers to execute client portfolio transactions, provided it does not compromise the investment advisers obligation to seek best overall execution. The investment adviser also may consider the receipt of Research Services under so called client commission arrangements or commission sharing arrangements (both referred to as CCAs) as a factor in selecting broker dealers to execute transactions, provided it does not compromise the investment advisers obligation to seek best overall execution. Under a CCA arrangement, the investment adviser may cause client accounts to effect transactions through a broker-dealer and request that the broker-dealer allocate a portion of the commissions paid on those transactions to a pool of commission credits that are paid to other firms that provide Research Services to the investment adviser. Under a CCA, the broker-dealer that provides the Research Services need not execute the trade. Participating in CCAs may enable the investment adviser to consolidate payments for research using accumulated client commission credits from transactions executed through a particular broker-dealer to periodically pay for Research Services obtained from and provided by other firms, including other broker-dealers that supply Research Services. The investment adviser believes that CCAs offer the potential to optimize the execution of trades and the acquisition of a variety of high quality Research Services that the investment adviser might not be provided access to absent CCAs. The investment adviser will only enter into and utilize CCAs to the extent permitted by Section 28(e).
The investment companies sponsored by the investment adviser or its affiliates also may allocate trades in such offerings to acquire information relating to the performance, fees and expenses of such companies and other investment companies, which information is used by the members of the Board of such companies to fulfill their responsibility to oversee the quality of the services provided to various entities, including the investment adviser, to such companies. Such companies may also pay cash for such information.
Securities considered as investments for each Fund may also be appropriate for other investment accounts managed by the investment adviser or its affiliates. Whenever decisions are made to buy or sell securities by each Fund and one or more of such other accounts simultaneously, the investment adviser will allocate the security transactions (including new issues) in a manner which it believes to be equitable under the circumstances. As a result of such allocations, there may be instances where each Fund will not participate in a transaction that is allocated among other accounts. If an aggregated order cannot be filled completely, allocations will generally be made on a pro rata basis. An order may not be allocated on a pro rata basis where, for example: (i) consideration is given to portfolio managers who have been instrumental in developing or negotiating a particular investment; (ii) consideration is given to an account with specialized investment policies that coincide with the particulars of a specific investment; (iii) pro rata allocation would result in odd-lot or de minimis amounts being allocated to a portfolio or other client; or (iv) where the investment adviser reasonably determines that departure from a pro rata allocation is advisable. While these aggregation and allocation policies could have a detrimental effect on the price or amount of the securities available to each Fund from time to time, it is the opinion of the members of the Board that the benefits from the investment adviser organization outweigh any disadvantage that may arise from exposure to simultaneous transactions.
(1)
For the period from the commencement of operations,
May 25, 2011 to December 31, 2011.
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During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, each Fund held the following securities of its regular brokers or dealers, as that term is defined in Rule 10b-1 of the 1940 Act, and the value of such securities as of the Funds fiscal year end was as follows:
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The audited financial statements of, and the report of the independent registered public accounting firm for each Fund appear in its annual report to shareholders and are incorporated by reference into this SAI. A copy of each annual report accompanies this SAI.
Householding. Consistent with applicable law, duplicate mailings of shareholder reports and certain other Fund information to shareholders residing at the same address may be eliminated.
Registrant incorporates by reference the audited financial information and the reports of the independent registered public accounting firm for the Funds listed below for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, as previously filed electronically with the SEC:
Parametric Absolute Return Fund
(Accession No. 0001193125-14-069367)
Parametric Commodity Strategy Fund
(Accession No. 0001193125-14-076126)
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
Asset Coverage |
To the extent required by SEC guidelines, if a transaction exposes the Fund to an obligation of another party it will either: (1) enter an offsetting (covered) position for the same type of financial asset; or (2) segregate cash or liquid securities on the books of either the custodian or the investment adviser with a value sufficient at all times to cover its potential obligations not covered. Assets used as cover or segregated cannot be sold while the position(s) requiring cover is open unless replaced with other appropriate assets. As a result, if a large portion of assets is segregated or committed as cover, it could impede portfolio management, the ability to meet redemption requests, or other current obligations. The types of transactions that may require asset coverage include (but are not limited to) reverse repurchase agreements, repurchase agreements, short sales, securities lending, forward contracts, options, forward commitments, futures contracts, when-issued securities, swap agreements, residual interest bonds, and participation in revolving credit facilities. |
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Valuations of such securities is highly speculative, however, dividends on auction rate preferred securities issued by a closed-end fund may be reported, generally on Form 1099, as exempt from federal income tax to the extent they are attributable to tax-exempt interest income earned by the Fund on the securities and distributed to holders of the preferred securities, provided that the preferred securities are treated as equity securities for federal income tax purposes, and the closed-end fund complies with certain requirements under the Code. Investments in auction rate preferred securities of closed-end funds are subject to limitations on investments in other U.S. registered investment companies, which limitations are prescribed by the 1940 Act. |
Average Effective Maturity |
Average effective maturity is a weighted average of all the maturities of bonds owned by the Fund. Average effective maturity takes into consideration all mortgage payments, puts and adjustable coupons. In the event the Fund invests in multiple Portfolios, its average weighted maturity is the sum of its allocable share of the average weighted maturity of each of the Portfolios in which it invests, which is determined by multiplying the Portfolios average weighted maturity by the Funds percentage ownership of that Portfolio. |
Borrowing for Investment Purposes |
Successful use of a borrowing strategy depends on the investment advisers ability to predict correctly interest rates and market movements. There is no assurance that a borrowing strategy will be successful. Upon the expiration of the term of the Funds existing credit arrangement, the lender may not be willing to extend further credit to the Fund or may be willing to do so at an increased cost to the Fund. If the Fund is not able to extend its credit arrangement, it may be required to liquidate holdings to repay amounts borrowed from the lender. Borrowing to increase investments generally will magnify the effect on the Funds net asset value of any increase or decrease in the value of the security purchased with the borrowings. Successful use of a borrowing strategy depends on the investment advisers ability to predict correctly interest rates and market movements. There can be no assurance that the use of borrowings will be successful. In connection with its borrowings, the Fund will be required to maintain specified asset coverage with respect to such borrowings by both the 1940 Act and the terms of its credit facility with the lender. The Fund may be required to dispose of portfolio investments on unfavorable terms if market fluctuations or other factors reduce the required asset coverage to less than the prescribed amount. Borrowings involve additional expense to the Fund. |
Borrowing for Temporary Purposes |
The Fund may borrow for temporary purposes (such as to satisfy redemption requests, to remain fully invested in advance of the settlement of share purchases, and to settle transactions). The Fund typically makes any such borrowings pursuant to an umbrella credit facility to which most of the Eaton Vance funds have access. The Funds ability to borrow under the credit facility is subject to its terms and conditions, which in some cases may limit the Funds ability to borrow under the facility. The credit facility is subject to an annual renewal, which cannot be assured. If the Fund does not have the ability to borrow for temporary purposes, it may be required to sell securities at inopportune times to meet short-term liquidity needs. Borrowings involve additional expense to the Fund. |
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Build America Bonds |
Build America Bonds are taxable municipal obligations issued pursuant to the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (the Act) or other legislation providing for the issuance of taxable municipal debt on which the issuer receives federal support. Enacted in February 2009, the Act authorizes state and local governments to issue taxable bonds on which, assuming certain specified conditions are satisfied, issuers may either (i) receive reimbursement from the U.S. Treasury with respect to its interest payments on the bonds (direct pay Build America Bonds); or (ii) provide tax credits to investors in the bonds (tax credit Build America Bonds). Unlike most other municipal obligations, interest received on Build America Bonds is subject to federal income tax and may be subject to state income tax. Under the terms of the Act, issuers of direct pay Build America Bonds are entitled to receive reimbursement from the U.S. Treasury currently equal to 35% (or 45% in the case of Recovery Zone Economic Development Bonds) of the interest paid. Holders of tax credit Build America Bonds can receive a federal tax credit currently equal to 35% of the coupon interest received. The Fund may invest in principal only strips of tax credit Build America Bonds, which entitle the holder to receive par value of such bonds if held to maturity. The Fund does not expect to receive (or pass through to shareholders) tax credits as a result of its investments. The federal interest subsidy or tax credit continues for the life of the bonds. Build America Bonds are an alternative form of financing to state and local governments whose primary means for accessing the capital markets has been through issuance of tax-free municipal bonds. Build America Bonds can appeal to a broader array of investors than the high income U.S. taxpayers that have traditionally provided the market for municipal bonds. Build America Bonds may provide a lower net cost of funds to issuers. Pursuant to the terms of the Act, the issuance of Build America Bonds ceased on December 31, 2010. As a result, the availability of such bonds is limited and the market for the bonds and/or their liquidity may be affected. |
Call and Put Features on Obligations |
Issuers of obligations may reserve the right to call (redeem) the obligations. If an issuer redeems an obligation with a call right during a time of declining interest rates, the holder of the obligation may not be able to reinvest the proceeds in securities providing the same investment return as provided by the securities redeemed. Some obligations may have put or demand features that allow early redemption by the holder. Longer term fixed-rate bonds may give the holder a right to request redemption at certain times (often annually after the lapse of an intermediate term). This put or demand feature enhances an obligations liquidity by shortening its effective maturity and enables the security to trade at a price equal to or very close to par. If a demand feature terminates prior to being exercised, the holder of the obligation would be subject to the longer maturity of the obligation, which could experience substantially more volatility. Obligations with a put or demand feature are more defensive than conventional long term bonds (protecting to some degree against a rise in interest rates) while providing greater opportunity than comparable intermediate term bonds, because they can be retained if interest rates decline. |
Cash Equivalents |
Cash equivalents include short term, high quality, U.S. dollar denominated instruments such as commercial paper, certificates of deposit and bankers acceptances issued by U.S. or foreign banks, and Treasury bills and other obligations with a maturity of one year or less, including those issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies and instrumentalities. See U.S. Government Securities below. Certificates of deposit are certificates issued against funds deposited in a commercial bank, are for a definite period of time, earn a specified rate of return, and are normally negotiable. Bankers acceptances are short-term credit instruments used to finance the import, export, transfer or storage of goods. They are termed accepted when a bank guarantees their payment at maturity. |
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The obligations of foreign branches of U.S. banks may be general obligations of the parent bank in addition to the issuing branch, or may be limited by the terms of a specific obligation and by governmental regulation. Payment of interest and principal upon these obligations may also be affected by governmental action in the country of domicile of the branch (generally referred to as sovereign risk). In addition, evidence of ownership of portfolio securities may be held outside of the U.S. and generally will be subject to the risks associated with the holding of such property overseas. Various provisions of U.S. law governing the establishment and operation of domestic branches do not apply to foreign branches of domestic banks. The obligations of U.S. branches of foreign banks may be general obligations of the parent bank in addition to the issuing branch, or may be limited by the terms of a specific obligation and by federal and state regulation as well as by governmental action in the country in which the foreign bank has its head office. |
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Commodity-Related Investments |
The value of commodities investments will generally be affected by overall market movements and factors specific to a particular industry or commodity, which may include weather, embargoes, tariffs, and health, political, international and regulatory developments. Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for commodities, which may reduce market prices and cause the value of Fund shares to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted. Exposure to commodities and commodities markets may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. No active trading market may exist for certain commodities investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such investments. In addition, adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of actively traded commodities investments. Certain types of commodities instruments (such as total return swaps and commodity-linked notes) are subject to the risk that the counterparty to the instrument will not perform or will be unable to perform in accordance with the terms of the instrument. To the extent commodity-related investments are held through the Subsidiary, the Subsidiary is not subject to U.S. laws (including securities laws) and their protections. The Subsidiary is subject to the laws of the Cayman Islands, a foreign jurisdiction, and can be affected by developments in that jurisdiction. |
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Certain commodities are subject to limited pricing flexibility because of supply and demand factors. Others are subject to broad price fluctuations as a result of the volatility of the prices for certain raw materials and the instability of supplies of other materials. These additional variables may create additional investment risks and result in greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. The commodities that underlie commodity futures contracts and commodity swaps may be subject to additional economic and non-economic variables, such as drought, floods, weather, livestock disease, embargoes, tariffs, and international economic, political and regulatory developments. Unlike the financial futures markets, in the commodity futures markets there are costs of physical storage associated with purchasing the underlying commodity. The price of the commodity futures contract will reflect the storage costs of purchasing the physical commodity, including the time value of money invested in the physical commodity. To the extent that the storage costs for an underlying commodity change while the Fund is invested in futures contracts on that commodity, the value of the futures contract may change proportionately. |
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In the commodity futures markets, producers of the underlying commodity may decide to hedge the price risk of selling the commodity by selling futures contracts today to lock in the price of the commodity at delivery tomorrow. In order to induce speculators to purchase the other side of the same futures contract, the commodity producer generally must sell the futures contract at a lower price than the expected future spot price. Conversely, if most hedgers in the futures market are purchasing futures contracts to hedge against a rise in prices, then speculators will only sell the other side of the futures contract at a higher futures price than the expected future spot price of the commodity. The changing nature of the hedgers and speculators in the commodity markets will influence whether futures prices are above or below the expected future spot price, which can have significant implications for the Fund. If the nature of hedgers and speculators in futures markets has shifted when it is time for the Fund to reinvest the proceeds of a maturing contract in a new futures contract, the Fund might reinvest at higher or lower futures prices, or choose to pursue other investments. |
Common Stocks |
Common stock represents an equity ownership interest in the issuing corporation. Holders of common stock generally have voting rights in the issuer and are entitled to receive common stock dividends when, as and if declared by the corporations board of directors. Common stock normally occupies the most subordinated position in an issuers capital structure. Returns on common stock investments consist of any dividends received plus the amount of appreciation or depreciation in the value of the stock. |
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Although common stocks have historically generated higher average returns than fixed-income securities over the long term and particularly during periods of high or rising concerns about inflation, common stocks also have experienced significantly more volatility in returns and may not maintain their real value during inflationary periods. An adverse event, such as an unfavorable earnings report, may depress the value of a particular common stock. Also, the prices of common stocks are sensitive to general movements in the stock market and a drop in the stock market may depress the price of common stocks. Common stock prices fluctuate for many reasons, including changes in investors perceptions of the financial condition of an issuer or the general condition of the relevant stock market, or when political or economic events affecting the issuer occur. In addition, common stock prices may be sensitive to rising interest rates as the costs of capital rise and borrowing costs increase. |
Convertible Securities |
A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note, preferred security, or other security that entitles the holder to acquire common stock or other equity securities of the same or a different issuer. A convertible security entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on debt or the dividend paid on preferred securities until the convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Before conversion, convertible securities have characteristics similar to nonconvertible income securities in that they ordinarily provide a stable stream of income with generally higher yields than those of common stocks of the same or similar issuers, but lower yields than comparable nonconvertible securities. The value of a convertible security is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other factors also may have an effect on the convertible securitys investment value. A convertible security ranks senior to common stock in a corporations capital structure but is usually subordinated to comparable nonconvertible securities. Convertible securities may be purchased for their appreciation potential when they yield more than the underlying securities at the time of purchase or when they are considered to present less risk of principal loss than the underlying securities. Generally speaking, the interest or dividend yield of a convertible security is somewhat less than that of a non-convertible security of similar quality issued by the same company. A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible securitys governing instrument. |
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Convertible securities are issued and traded in a number of securities markets. Even in cases where a substantial portion of the convertible securities held by the Fund are denominated in U.S. dollars, the underlying equity securities may be quoted in the currency of the country where the issuer is domiciled. As a result, fluctuations in the exchange rate between the currency in which the debt security is denominated and the currency in which the share price is quoted will affect the value of the convertible security. With respect to convertible securities denominated in a currency different from that of the underlying equity securities, the conversion price may be based on a fixed exchange rate established at the time the securities are issued, which may increase the effects of currency risk. |
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Holders of convertible securities generally have a claim on the assets of the issuer prior to the common stockholders but may be subordinated to other debt securities of the same issuer. Certain convertible debt securities may provide a put option to the holder, which entitles the holder to cause the securities to be redeemed by the issuer at a premium over the stated principal amount of the debt securities under certain circumstances. |
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Certain convertible securities may include loss absorption characteristics that make the securities more equity - like. This is particularly true in the financial services sector. While loss absorption language is relatively rare in the convertible securities markets today, it may become more prevalent. One convertible security with loss absorption characteristics is the contingent convertible security (sometimes referred to as a CoCo). These securities provide for mandatory conversion into common stock of the issuer under certain circumstances. The mandatory conversion might be automatically triggered for instance, if a company fails to meet the capital minimum described in the security, the companys regulator makes a determination that the security should convert, or the company receives specified levels of extraordinary public support. Since the common stock of the issuer may not pay a dividend, investors in these instruments could experience a reduced income rate, potentially to zero; and conversion would deepen the subordination of the investor, hence worsening standing in a bankruptcy. In addition, some such instruments have a set stock conversion rate that would cause an automatic write-down of capital if the price of the stock is below the conversion price on the conversion date. In another version of a security with loss absorption characteristics, the liquidation value of the security may be adjusted downward to below the original par value under certain circumstances similar to those that would trigger a CoCo. The write down of the par value would occur automatically and would not entitle the holders to seek bankruptcy of the company. In certain versions of the instruments, the notes will write down to zero under certain circumstances and investors could lose everything, even as the issuer remains in business. |
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Synthetic convertible securities may include either cash-settled convertibles or manufactured convertibles. Cash-settled convertibles are instruments that are created by the issuer and have the economic characteristics of traditional convertible securities but may not actually permit conversion into the underlying equity securities in all circumstances. As an example, a private company may issue a cash-settled convertible that is convertible into common stock only if the company successfully completes a public offering of its common stock prior to maturity and otherwise pays a cash amount to reflect any equity appreciation. Manufactured convertibles are created by the investment adviser or another party by combining separate securities that possess one of the two principal characteristics of a convertible security, i.e. , fixed-income (fixed-income component) or a right to acquire equity securities (convertibility component). The fixed-income component is achieved by investing in nonconvertible fixed-income securities, such as nonconvertible bonds, preferred securities and money market instruments. The convertibility component is achieved by investing in call options, warrants, or other securities with equity conversion features (equity features) granting the holder the right to purchase a specified quantity of the underlying stocks within a specified period of time at a specified price or, in the case of a stock index option, the right to receive a cash payment based on the value of the underlying stock index. A manufactured convertible differs from traditional convertible securities in several respects. Unlike a traditional convertible security, which is a single security that has a unitary market value, a manufactured convertible is comprised of two or more separate securities, each with its own market value. Therefore, the total market value of such a manufactured convertible is the sum of the values of its fixed-income component and its convertibility component. More flexibility is possible in the creation of a manufactured convertible than in the purchase of a traditional convertible security. Because many corporations have not issued convertible securities, the investment adviser may combine a fixed-income instrument and an equity feature with respect to the stock of the issuer of the fixed-income instrument to create a synthetic convertible security otherwise unavailable in the market. The investment adviser may also combine a fixed-income instrument of an issuer with an equity feature with respect to the stock of a different issuer when the investment adviser believes such a manufactured convertible would better promote the Funds objective than alternative investments. For example, the investment adviser may combine an equity feature with respect to an issuers stock with a fixed-income security of a different issuer in the same industry to diversify the Funds credit exposure, or with a U.S. Treasury instrument to create a manufactured convertible with a higher credit profile than a traditional convertible security issued by that issuer. A manufactured convertible also is a more flexible investment in that its two components may be purchased separately and, upon purchasing the separate securities, combined to create a manufactured convertible. For example, the Fund may purchase a warrant for eventual inclusion in a manufactured convertible while postponing the purchase of a suitable bond to pair with the warrant pending development of more favorable market conditions. The value of a manufactured convertible may respond to certain market fluctuations differently from a traditional convertible security with similar characteristics. For example, in the event the Fund created a manufactured convertible by combining a short-term U.S. Treasury instrument and a call option on a stock, the manufactured convertible would be expected to outperform a traditional convertible of similar maturity that is convertible into that stock during periods when Treasury instruments outperform corporate fixed-income securities and underperform during periods when corporate fixed-income securities outperform Treasury instruments. |
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Credit Linked Securities |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Credit linked securities are issued by a limited purpose trust or other vehicle that, in turn, invests in a derivative instrument or basket of derivative instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps, and other securities in order to provide exposure to certain fixed-income markets. Credit linked securities may be used as a cash management tool in order to gain exposure to a certain market and to remain fully invested when more traditional income producing securities are not available. Like an investment in a bond, investments in credit linked securities represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in the form of distributions) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the security. However, these payments are conditioned on the issuers receipt of payments from, and the issuers potential obligations to, the counterparties to the derivative instruments and other securities in which the issuer invests. An issuer may sell one or more credit default swaps, under which the issuer would receive a stream of payments over the term of the swap agreements provided that no event of default has occurred with respect to the referenced debt obligation upon which the swap is based. If a default occurs, the stream of payments may stop and the issuer would be obligated to pay the counterparty the par (or other agreed upon value) of the referenced debt obligation. This, in turn, would reduce the amount of income and principal that the holder of the credit linked security would receive. Credit linked securities generally will be exempt from registration under the 1933 Act. Accordingly, there may be no established trading market for the securities and they may constitute illiquid investments. |
Derivative Instruments and Related Risks |
Generally, derivatives can be characterized as financial instruments whose performance is derived at least in part from the performance of an underlying reference instrument. Derivative instruments may be acquired in the United States or abroad and include the various types of exchange-traded and over-the-counter (OTC) instruments described herein and other instruments with substantially similar characteristics and risks. Derivative instruments may be based on securities, indices, currencies, commodities, economic indicators and events (referred to as reference instruments). Fund obligations created pursuant to derivative instruments may be subject to the requirements described under Asset Coverage herein. |
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Derivative instruments are subject to a number of risks, including adverse or unexpected movements in the price of the reference instrument, and counterparty, liquidity, tax, correlation and leverage risks. Use of derivative instruments may cause the realization of higher amounts of short-term capital gains (generally taxed at ordinary income tax rates) than if such instruments had not been used. Success in using derivative instruments to hedge portfolio assets depends on the degree of price correlation between the derivative instruments and the hedged asset. Imperfect correlation may be caused by several factors, including temporary price disparities among the trading markets for the derivative instrument, the reference instrument and the Funds assets. To the extent that a derivative instrument is intended to hedge against an event that does not occur, the Fund may realize losses. |
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OTC derivative instruments involve an additional risk in that the issuer or counterparty may fail to perform its contractual obligations. Some derivative instruments are not readily marketable or may become illiquid under adverse market conditions. In addition, during periods of market volatility, a commodity exchange may suspend or limit trading in an exchange-traded derivative instrument, which may make the contract temporarily illiquid and difficult to price. Commodity exchanges may also establish daily limits on the amount that the price of a futures contract or futures option can vary from the previous days settlement price. Once the daily limit is reached, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond the limit. This may prevent the closing out of positions to limit losses. The staff of the SEC takes the position that certain purchased OTC options, and assets used as cover for written OTC options, are illiquid. The ability to terminate OTC derivative instruments may depend on the cooperation of the counterparties to such contracts. For thinly traded derivative instruments, the only source of price quotations may be the selling dealer or counterparty. In addition, certain provisions of the Code limit the use of derivative instruments. Derivatives permit the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, to which its portfolio is exposed in much the same way as the Fund can increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, of its portfolio by making investments in specific securities. There can be no assurance that the use of derivative instruments will benefit the Fund. |
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Direct Investments |
Direct investments include (i) the private purchase from an enterprise of an equity interest in the enterprise in the form of shares of common stock or equity interests in trusts, partnerships, joint ventures or similar enterprises, and (ii) the purchase of such an equity interest in an enterprise from a principal investor in the enterprise. At the time of making a direct investment, the Fund will enter into a shareholder or similar agreement with the enterprise and one or more other holders of equity interests in the enterprise. These agreements may, in appropriate circumstances, provide the ability to appoint a representative to the board of directors or similar body of the enterprise and for eventual disposition of the investment in the enterprise. Such a representative would be expected to monitor the investment and protect the Funds rights in the investment and would not be appointed for the purpose of exercising management or control of the enterprise. |
Diversified Status |
With respect to 75% of its total assets, an investment company that is registered with the SEC as a diversified fund: (1) may not invest more than 5% of its total assets in the securities of any one issuer (except obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities and securities of other investment companies); and (2) may not own more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer. |
Dividend Capture Trading |
In a dividend capture trade, the Fund sells a stock that has gone ex-dividend to purchase another stock paying a dividend before the next dividend of the stock being sold. The use of a dividend capture trading strategy exposes the Fund to higher portfolio turnover, increased trading costs and potential for capital loss or gain, particularly in the event of significant short-term price movements of stocks subject to dividend capture trading. |
Duration |
Duration measures the time-weighted expected cash flows of a fixed-income security, which can determine its sensitivity to changes in the general level of interest rates. Securities with longer durations generally tend to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than securities with shorter durations. A mutual fund with a longer dollar-weighted average duration generally can be expected to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than a fund with a shorter dollar-weighted average duration. Duration differs from maturity in that it considers a securitys coupon payments in addition to the amount of time until the security matures. Various techniques may be used to shorten or lengthen Fund duration. As the value of a security changes over time, so will its duration. The duration of a Fund that invests in multiple Portfolios is the sum of its allocable share of the duration of each of the Portfolios in which it invests, which is determined by multiplying the Portfolios duration by the Funds percentage ownership of that Portfolio. |
Emerging Market Investments |
The risks described under Foreign Investments herein generally are heightened in connection with investments in emerging markets. Also, investments in securities of issuers domiciled in countries with emerging capital markets may involve certain additional risks that do not generally apply to investments in securities of issuers in more developed capital markets, such as (i) low or non-existent trading volume, resulting in a lack of liquidity and increased volatility in prices for such securities, as compared to securities of comparable issuers in more developed capital markets; (ii) uncertain national policies and social, political and economic instability, increasing the potential for expropriation of assets, confiscatory taxation, high rates of inflation or unfavorable diplomatic developments; (iii) possible fluctuations in exchange rates, differing legal systems and the existence or possible imposition of exchange controls, custodial restrictions or other foreign or U.S. governmental laws or restrictions applicable to such investments; (iv) national policies that may limit investment opportunities, such as restrictions on investment in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to national interests; and (v) the lack or relatively early development of legal structures governing private and foreign investments and private property. Trading practices in emerging markets also may be less developed, resulting in inefficiencies relative to trading in more developed markets, which may result in increased transaction costs. |
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Repatriation of investment income, capital and proceeds of sales by foreign investors may require governmental registration and/or approval in emerging market countries. There can be no assurance that repatriation of income, gain or initial capital from these countries will occur. In addition to withholding taxes on investment income, some countries with emerging markets may impose differential capital gains taxes on foreign investors. |
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Political and economic structures in emerging market countries may undergo significant evolution and rapid development, and these countries may lack the social, political and economic stability characteristic of more developed countries. In such a dynamic environment, there can be no assurance that any or all of these capital markets will continue to present viable investment opportunities. In the past, governments of such nations have expropriated substantial amounts of private property, and most claims of the property owners have never been fully settled. There is no assurance that such expropriations will not reoccur. In such an event, it is possible that the entire value of an investment in the affected market could be lost. In addition, unanticipated political or social developments may affect the value of investments in these countries and the availability of additional investments. The small size and inexperience of the securities markets in certain of these countries and the limited volume of trading in securities in these countries may make investments in the countries illiquid and more volatile than investments in developed markets. |
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Also, there may be less publicly available information about issuers in emerging markets than would be available about issuers in more developed capital markets, and such issuers may not be subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and requirements comparable to those to which U.S. companies are subject. In certain countries with emerging capital markets, reporting standards vary widely. As a result, traditional investment measurements used in the United States, such as price/earnings ratios, may not be applicable. Certain emerging market securities may be held by a limited number of persons. This may adversely affect the timing and pricing of the acquisition or disposal of securities. The prices at which investments may be acquired may be affected by trading by persons with material non-public information and by securities transactions by brokers in anticipation of transactions in particular securities. |
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Practices in relation to settlement of securities transactions in emerging markets involve higher risks than those in developed markets, in part because brokers and counterparties in such markets may be less well capitalized, and custody and registration of assets in some countries may be unreliable. The possibility of fraud, negligence, undue influence being exerted by the issuer or refusal to recognize ownership exists in some emerging markets. As an alternative to investing directly in emerging markets, exposure may be obtained through derivative investments. |
Equity Investments |
Equity investments include common and preferred stocks (see Preferred Securities); depositary receipts; equity interests in trusts, partnerships, joint ventures and other unincorporated entities or enterprises; convertible preferred securities and other convertible debt instruments; and rights and warrants. |
Equity Linked Securities |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Equity linked securities are privately issued securities whose investment results are designed to correspond generally to the performance of a specified stock index or basket of securities, or sometimes a single stock. These securities are used for many of the same purposes as derivative instruments and share many of the same risks. Equity linked securities may be considered illiquid and thus subject to the Funds restrictions on investments in illiquid securities. |
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Events Regarding FNMA and FHLMC |
The value of FNMA and FHLMC securities fell sharply in 2008 due to concerns that these agencies did not have sufficient capital to offset losses. In mid-2008, the U.S. Treasury Department was authorized to increase the size of home loans that FNMA and FHLMC could purchase in certain residential areas and, until 2009, to lend FNMA and FHLMC emergency funds and to purchase the companies stock. In September 2008, the U.S. Treasury Department announced that FNMA and FHLMC had been placed in conservatorship by the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA), a newly created independent regulator. In connection with the conservatorship, the U.S. Treasury Department entered into Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreements (PSPAs) under which, if the FHFA determines that the liabilities of FNMA and FHLMC have exceeded their assets under generally accepted accounting principles, the U.S. Treasury Department will contribute cash capital to the company in an amount equal to the difference between liabilities and assets. The PSPAs are designed to provide protection to the senior and subordinated debt and the MBS issued by FNMA and FHLMC. On February 18, 2009, the U.S. Treasury Department announced that it was doubling the size of its commitment to each of FNMA and FHLMC under the Senior Preferred Stock Program to $200 billion. The U.S. Treasury Departments obligations under the Senior Preferred Stock Program are for an indefinite period of time for a maximum amount of $200 billion per entity. FNMA and FHLMC are continuing to operate as going concerns while in conservatorship, and each remains liable for all of its obligations, including its guaranty obligations, associated with its mortgage-backed securities. The Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement is intended to enhance each of FNMA and FHLMCs ability to meet its obligations. FHFA has indicated that the conservatorship of each entity will end when the director of FHFA determines that FHFAs plan to restore the entity to a safe and solvent condition has been completed. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Treasury Department initiatives discussed above with respect to the debt and mortgage-backed securities issued by FNMA and FHLMC will be successful. |
Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) |
ETFs are pooled investment vehicles that are designed to provide investment results corresponding to an index. These indexes may be either broad-based, sector or international. ETFs usually are units of beneficial interest in an investment trust or represent undivided ownership interests in a portfolio of securities (or commodities), in each case with respect to a portfolio of all or substantially all of the component securities of, and in substantially the same weighting as, the relevant benchmark index. ETFs are designed to provide investment results that generally correspond to the price and yield performance of the component securities (or commodities) of the benchmark index. ETFs are listed on an exchange and trade in the secondary market on a per-share basis. The values of ETFs are subject to change as the values of their respective component securities (or commodities) fluctuate according to market volatility. Investments in ETFs may not exactly match the performance of a direct investment in the respective indices to which they are intended to correspond due to the temporary unavailability of certain index securities in the secondary market or other extraordinary circumstances, such as discrepancies with respect to the weighting of securities. Typically, the ETF bears its own operational expenses, which are deducted from its assets. To the extent that the Fund invests in ETFs, the Fund must bear these expenses in addition to the expenses of its own operation. |
Exchange-Traded Notes (ETNs) |
ETNs are senior, unsecured, unsubordinated debt securities whose returns are linked to the performance of a particular market benchmark or strategy minus applicable fees. ETNs are traded on an exchange during normal trading hours. However, investors can also hold the ETN until maturity. At maturity, the issuer pays to the investor a cash amount equal to the principal amount, subject to the days market benchmark or strategy factor. |
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ETNs do not make periodic coupon payments or provide principal protection. ETNs are subject to credit risk and the value of the ETN may drop due to a downgrade in the issuers credit rating, despite the underlying market benchmark or strategy remaining unchanged. The value of an ETN may also be influenced by time to maturity, level of supply and demand for the ETN, volatility and lack of liquidity in underlying assets, changes in the applicable interest rates, changes in the issuers credit rating, and economic, legal, political, or geographic events that affect the referenced underlying asset. When the Fund invests in ETNs it will bear its proportionate share of any fees and expenses borne by the ETN. The Funds decision to sell its ETN holdings may be limited by the availability of a secondary market. In addition, although an ETN may be listed on an exchange, the issuer may not be required to maintain the listing and there can be no assurance that a secondary market will exist for an ETN. |
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ETNs are subject to tax risk. No assurance can be given that the IRS will accept, or a court will uphold, how the Fund characterizes and treats ETNs for tax purposes. Further, the IRS and Congress are considering proposals that would change the timing and character of income and gains from ETNs. |
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An ETN that is tied to a specific market benchmark or strategy may not be able to replicate and maintain exactly the composition and relative weighting of securities, commodities or other components in the applicable market benchmark or strategy. Some ETNs that use leverage can, at times, be relatively illiquid and, thus, they may be difficult to purchase or sell at a fair price. Leveraged ETNs are subject to the same risk as other instruments that use leverage in any form. |
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The market value of ETN shares may differ from that of their market benchmark or strategy. This difference in price may be due to the fact that the supply and demand in the market for ETN shares at any point in time is not always identical to the supply and demand in the market for the securities, commodities or other components underlying the market benchmark or strategy that the ETN seeks to track. As a result, there may be times when an ETN share trades at a premium or discount to its market benchmark or strategy. |
Fixed-Income Securities |
Fixed-income securities are used by issuers to borrow money. Fixed-income securities include bonds, preferred, preference and convertible securities, notes, debentures, asset-backed securities (including those backed by mortgages), loan participations and assignments, equipment lease certificates, equipment trust certificates and conditional sales contracts. Generally, issuers of fixed-income securities pay investors periodic interest and repay the amount borrowed either periodically during the life of the security and/or at maturity. Some fixed-income securities, such as zero coupon bonds, do not pay current interest, but are purchased at a discount from their face values, and values accumulate over time to face value at maturity. The market prices of fixed-income securities fluctuate depending on such factors as interest rates, credit quality and maturity. In general, market prices of fixed-income securities decline when interest rates rise and increase when interest rates fall. Fixed-income securities are subject to risk factors such as sensitivity to interest rate and real or perceived changes in economic conditions, payment expectations, liquidity and valuation. Fixed-income securities with longer maturities (for example, over ten years) are more affected by changes in interest rates and provide less price stability than securities with short-term maturities (for example, one to ten years). Fixed-income securities bear the risk of principal and interest default by the issuer, which will be greater with higher yielding, lower grade securities. During an economic downturn, the ability of issuers to service their debt may be impaired. The rating assigned to a fixed-income security by a rating agency does not reflect assessment of the volatility of the securitys market value or of the liquidity of an investment in the securities. Credit ratings are based largely on the issuers historical financial condition and a rating agencys investment analysis at the time of rating, and the rating assigned to any particular security is not necessarily a reflection of the issuers current financial condition. Credit quality can change from time to time, and recently issued credit ratings may not fully reflect the actual risks posed by a particular high yield security. If relevant to the Fund(s) in this SAI, corporate bond ratings are described in an appendix to the SAI (see the table of contents). While typically paying a fixed rate of income, preferred securities may be considered to be equity securities for purposes of the Funds investment restrictions. |
Foreign Currency Transactions |
As measured in U.S. dollars, the value of assets denominated in foreign currencies may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in foreign currency rates and exchange control regulations. Currency exchange rates can also be affected unpredictably by intervention by U.S. or foreign governments or central banks, or the failure to intervene, or by currency controls or political developments in the United States or abroad. Foreign currency exchange transactions may be conducted on a spot ( i.e. , cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign currency exchange market or through entering into derivative currency transactions (see Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts, Option Contracts, Futures Contracts and Swap Agreements Currency Swaps herein). Currency transactions are subject to the risk of a number of complex political and economic factors applicable to the countries issuing the underlying currencies. Furthermore, unlike trading in most other types of instruments, there is no systematic reporting of last sale information with respect to the foreign currencies underlying the derivative currency transactions. As a result, available information may not be complete. In an over-the-counter trading environment, there are no daily price fluctuation limits. |
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Foreign Investments |
Investing in securities issued by companies whose principal business activities are outside the United States may involve significant risks not present in domestic investments. For example, because foreign companies may not be subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, practices and requirements and regulatory measures comparable to those applicable to U.S. companies, there may be less publicly available information about a foreign company than about a domestic company. Volume and liquidity in most foreign debt markets is less than in the United States and securities of some foreign companies are less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. companies. There is generally less government supervision and regulation of securities exchanges, broker-dealers and listed companies than in the United States. In addition, with respect to certain foreign countries, there is the possibility of nationalization, expropriation or confiscatory taxation, currency blockage, political or social instability, or diplomatic developments, which could affect investments in those countries. Any of these actions could adversely affect securities prices, impair the Funds ability to purchase or sell foreign securities, or transfer the Funds assets or income back to the United States, or otherwise adversely affect Fund operations. In the event of nationalization, expropriation or confiscation, the Fund could lose its entire investment in that country. |
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Other potential foreign market risks include exchange controls, difficulties in valuing securities, defaults on foreign government securities, and difficulties of enforcing favorable legal judgments in foreign courts. Moreover, individual foreign economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as growth of gross national product, reinvestment of capital, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, and balance of payments position. Certain economies may rely heavily on particular industries or foreign capital and are more vulnerable to diplomatic developments, the imposition of economic sanctions against a particular country or countries, changes in international trading patterns, trade barriers, and other protectionist or retaliatory measures. Foreign securities markets, while growing in volume and sophistication, are generally not as developed as those in the United States. Foreign countries may not have the infrastructure or resources to respond to natural and other disasters that interfere with economic activities, which may adversely affect issuers located in such countries. |
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Settlement and clearance procedures in certain foreign markets differ significantly from those in the United States. Payment for securities before delivery may be required and in some countries delayed settlements are customary, which increases the Funds risk of loss. The Fund generally holds its foreign securities and related cash in foreign banks and securities depositories. Some foreign banks and securities depositories may be recently organized or new to the foreign custody business. In addition, there may be limited or no regulatory oversight over their operations. Also, the laws of certain countries may put limits on the Funds ability to recover its assets if a foreign bank, depository or issuer of a security or any of their agents goes bankrupt. Certain countries may require withholding on dividends paid on portfolio securities and on realized capital gains. |
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In addition, it is often more expensive to buy, sell and hold securities in certain foreign markets than in the United States. Foreign brokerage commissions are generally higher than commissions on securities traded in the United States and may be non-negotiable. The fees paid to foreign banks and securities depositories generally are higher than those charged by U.S. banks and depositories. The increased expense of investing in foreign markets reduces the amount earned on investments and typically results in a higher operating expense ratio for the Fund as compared to investment companies that invest only in the United States. |
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Depositary receipts (including American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) and Global Depositary Receipts GDRs)) are certificates evidencing ownership of shares of a foreign issuer and are alternatives to directly purchasing the underlying foreign securities in their national markets and currencies. However, they continue to be subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities. These risks include the political and economic risks of the underlying issuers country, as well as in the case of depositary receipts traded on foreign markets, exchange risk. Depositary receipts may be sponsored or unsponsored. Unsponsored depositary receipts are established without the participation of the issuer. As a result, available information concerning the issuer of an unsponsored depository receipt may not be as current as for sponsored depositary receipts, and the prices of unsponsored depositary receipts may be more volatile than if such instruments were sponsored by the issuer. Unsponsored depositary receipts may involve higher expenses, may not pass through voting or other shareholder rights and they may be less liquid. |
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Unless otherwise provided in the Prospectus, in determining the domicile of an issuer, the investment adviser may consider the domicile determination of the Funds benchmark index or a leading provider of global indexes and may take into account such factors as where the companys securities are listed, and where the company is legally organized, maintains principal corporate offices and/or conducts its principal operations. |
Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. A forward foreign currency exchange contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. These contracts may be bought or sold to protect against an adverse change in the relationship between currencies or to increase exposure to a particular foreign currency. Cross-hedging may be done by using forward contracts in one currency (or basket of currencies) to hedge against fluctuations in the value of instruments denominated in a different currency (or the basket of currencies and the underlying currency). Use of a different foreign currency (for hedging or non-hedging purposes) magnifies exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. Forward foreign currency exchange contracts are individually negotiated and privately traded so they are dependent upon the creditworthiness of the counterparty. The precise matching of the forward contract amounts and the value of the instruments denominated in the corresponding currencies will not generally be possible. In addition, it may not be possible to hedge against long-term currency changes. |
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When a currency is difficult to hedge or to hedge against the U.S. dollar, the Fund may enter into a forward contract to sell a currency whose changes in value are generally considered to be linked to such currency. Currency transactions can result in losses if the currency being hedged fluctuates in value to a degree or in a direction that is not anticipated. In addition, there is the risk that the perceived linkage between various currencies may not be present or may not be present during the particular time the hedge is in place. If the Fund purchases a bond denominated in a foreign currency with a higher interest rate than is available on U.S. bonds of a similar maturity, the additional yield on the foreign bond could be substantially reduced or lost if the Fund were to enter into a direct hedge by selling the foreign currency and purchasing the U.S. dollar. |
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Some of the forward foreign currency exchange contracts may be classified as non-deliverable forwards (NDFs). NDFs are cash-settled, forward contracts that may be thinly traded. NDFs are commonly quoted for time periods of one month up to two years, and are normally quoted and settled in U.S. dollars, but may be settled in other currencies. They are often used to gain exposure to or hedge exposure to foreign currencies that are not internationally traded. NDFs may also be used to gain or hedge exposure to gold. |
Forward Rate Agreements |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Under a forward rate agreement, the buyer locks in an interest rate at a future settlement date. If the interest rate on the settlement date exceeds the lock rate, the buyer pays the seller the difference between the two rates. If the lock rate exceeds the interest rate on the settlement date, the seller pays the buyer the difference between the two rates. Any such gain received by the Fund would be taxable. These instruments are traded in the OTC market. |
Fund Investing in a Portfolio |
The Board may discontinue the Funds investment in one or more Portfolios if it determines that it is in the best interest of the Fund and its shareholders to do so. In such an event, the Board would consider what action might be taken, including investing Fund assets in another pooled investment entity or retaining an investment adviser to manage Fund assets in accordance with its investment objective(s). The Funds investment performance and expense ratio may be affected if its investment structure is changed or if another Portfolio investor withdraws all or a portion of its investment in the Portfolio. |
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Futures Contracts |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Futures contracts are standardized contracts that obligate a purchaser to take delivery, and a seller to make delivery, of a specific amount of the underlying reference instrument at a specified future date at a specified price. These contracts are traded on exchanges, so that, in most cases, either party can close out its position on the exchange for cash, without delivering the underlying asset. Upon purchasing or selling a futures contract, a purchaser or seller is required to deposit collateral (initial margin). Each day thereafter until the futures position is closed, the purchaser or seller will pay additional margin (variation margin) representing any loss experienced as a result of the futures position the prior day or be entitled to a payment representing any profit experienced as a result of the futures position the prior day. A public market exists in futures contracts covering a number of indexes as well as financial instruments and foreign currencies. It is expected that other futures contracts will be developed and traded in the future. In computing daily net asset value, the Fund will mark to market its open futures positions. The Fund is also required to deposit and maintain margin with respect to put and call options on futures contracts written by it. Futures contracts are traded on exchanges or boards of trade that are licensed by the CFTC and must be executed through a futures commission merchant or brokerage firm that is a member of the relevant exchange or board. |
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Although some futures contracts call for making or taking delivery of the underlying reference instrument, generally these obligations are closed out prior to delivery by offsetting purchases or sales of matching futures contracts (same exchange, underlying security or index, and delivery month). Closing a futures contract sale is effected by purchasing a futures contract for the same aggregate amount of the specific type of financial instrument or commodity with the same delivery date. If an offsetting purchase price is less than the original sale price, the Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is more, the Fund realizes a capital loss. Conversely, if an offsetting sale price is more than the original purchase price, the Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is less, the Fund realizes a capital loss. |
Global Natural Resources Companies |
To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may concentrate its investments in global natural resources companies. |
Health Sciences Companies |
To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may concentrate its investments in health sciences companies. |
High Yield Securities |
High yield securities (commonly referred to as junk bonds) are considered to be of below investment grade quality and generally provide greater income potential and/or increased opportunity for capital appreciation than investments in higher quality debt securities but they also typically entail greater potential price volatility and principal and income risk. High yield securities may be subject to higher risk and include certain corporate debt obligations, higher yielding preferred securities and mortgage-related securities, and securities convertible into the foregoing. They are regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the entitys continuing ability to meet principal and interest payments. Also, their yields and market values may fluctuate more than higher rated securities. Fluctuations in value do not affect the cash income from the securities, but are reflected in the Funds net asset value. The greater risks and fluctuations in yield and value occur, in part, because investors generally perceive issuers of lower rated and unrated securities to be less creditworthy. The secondary market on which high yield securities are traded may be less liquid than the market for higher grade securities. |
Hybrid Instruments |
A hybrid instrument is a type of potentially high-risk derivative that combines a traditional stock, bond, or commodity with an option or forward contract. Generally, the principal amount, amount payable upon maturity or redemption, or interest rate of a hybrid is tied (positively or negatively) to the price of some commodity, currency or securities index or another interest rate or some other economic factor (each a benchmark). The interest rate or (unlike most fixed-income securities) the principal amount payable at maturity of a hybrid security may be increased or decreased, depending on changes in the value of the benchmark. An example of a hybrid instrument is a bond issued by an oil company that pays a small base level of interest with additional interest that accrues in correlation to the extent to which oil prices exceed a certain predetermined level. Such a hybrid instrument would be a combination of a bond and a call option on oil. |
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The risks of investing in hybrid instruments reflect a combination of the risks of investing in securities, options, futures and currencies. An investment in a hybrid instrument may entail significant risks that are not associated with a similar investment in a traditional debt instrument that has a fixed principal amount, is denominated in U.S. dollars or bears interest either at a fixed rate or a floating rate determined by reference to a common, nationally published benchmark. The risks of a particular hybrid instrument will depend upon the terms of the instrument, but may include the possibility of significant changes in the benchmark(s) or the prices of the underlying assets to which the instrument is linked. Such risks generally depend upon factors unrelated to the operations or credit quality of the issuer of the hybrid instrument, which may not be foreseen by the purchaser, such as economic and political events, the supply and demand of the underlying assets and interest rate movements. Hybrid instruments may be highly volatile and their use by the Fund may not be successful. Hybrid instruments may also carry liquidity risk since the instruments are often customized to meet the portfolio needs of a particular investor, and therefore, the number of investors that are willing and able to buy such instruments in the secondary market may be smaller than that for more traditional debt securities. |
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Hybrid instruments may bear interest or pay preferred dividends at below market (or even relatively nominal) rates. Alternatively, hybrid instruments may bear interest at above market rates but bear an increased risk of principal loss (or gain). The latter scenario may result if leverage is used to structure the hybrid instrument. Leverage risk occurs when the hybrid instrument is structured so that a given change in a benchmark or underlying asset is multiplied to produce a greater value change in the hybrid instrument, thereby magnifying the risk of loss as well as the potential for gain. |
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Hybrid instruments are potentially more volatile and carry greater market risks than traditional debt instruments. Depending on the structure of the particular hybrid instrument, changes in a benchmark may be magnified by the terms of the hybrid instrument and have an even more dramatic and substantial effect upon the value of the hybrid instrument. Also, the prices of the hybrid instrument and the benchmark or underlying asset may not move in the same direction or at the same time. |
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Hybrids can be used as an efficient means of pursuing a variety of investment goals, including currency hedging, duration management, and increased total return and creating exposure to a particular market or segment of that market. The value of a hybrid or its interest rate may be a multiple of a benchmark and, as a result, may be leveraged and move (up or down) more steeply and rapidly than the benchmark. These benchmarks may be sensitive to economic and political events, such as commodity shortages and currency devaluations, which cannot be readily foreseen by the purchaser of a hybrid. Under certain conditions, the redemption value of a hybrid could be zero. The purchase of hybrids also exposes the Fund to the credit risk of the issuer of the hybrids. These risks may cause significant fluctuations in the net asset value of the Fund. |
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Certain hybrid instruments may provide exposure to the commodities markets. These are derivative securities with one or more commodity-linked components that have payment features similar to commodity futures contracts, commodity options, or similar instruments. Commodity-linked hybrid instruments may be either equity or debt securities, leveraged or unleveraged, and are considered hybrid instruments because they have both security and commodity-like characteristics. A portion of the value of these instruments may be derived from the value of a commodity, futures contract, index or other economic variable. The Fund will invest only in commodity-linked hybrid instruments that qualify under applicable rules of the CFTC for an exemption from the provisions of the CEA. Certain issuers of structured products such as hybrid instruments may be deemed to be investment companies as defined in the 1940 Act. As a result, the Funds investments in these products may be subject to limits applicable to investments in investment companies and may be subject to restrictions contained in the 1940 Act. |
Illiquid Securities |
Illiquid securities include securities legally restricted as to resale, and may include commercial paper issued pursuant to Section 4(2) of the 1933 Act and securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A thereunder. Section 4(2) and Rule 144A securities may, however, be treated as liquid by the investment adviser pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board, which require consideration of factors such as trading activity, availability of market quotations and number of dealers willing to purchase the security. Even if determined to be liquid, Rule 144A securities may increase the level of portfolio illiquidity if eligible buyers become uninterested in purchasing such securities. |
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It may be difficult to sell illiquid securities at a price representing fair value until such time as the securities may be sold publicly. It also may be more difficult to determine the fair value of such securities for purposes of computing the Funds net asset value. Where registration is required, a considerable period of time may elapse between a decision to sell the securities and the time when the Fund would be permitted to sell. Thus, the Fund may not be able to obtain as favorable a price as that prevailing at the time of the decision to sell. The Fund may incur additional expense when disposing of illiquid securities, including all or a portion of the cost to register the securities. The Fund also may acquire securities through private placements under which it may agree to contractual restrictions on the resale of such securities that are in addition to applicable legal restrictions. Such restrictions might prevent the sale of such securities at a time when such sale would otherwise be desirable. |
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At times, a portion of the Funds assets may be invested in securities as to which the Fund, by itself or together with other accounts managed by the investment adviser and its affiliates, holds a major portion or all of such securities. Under adverse market or economic conditions or in the event of adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer, the Fund could find it more difficult to sell such securities when the investment adviser believes it advisable to do so or may be able to sell such securities only at prices lower than if such securities were more widely held. It may also be more difficult to determine the fair value of such securities for purposes of computing the Funds net asset value. |
Indexed Securities |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Indexed securities are securities that fluctuate in value with an index. The interest rate or, in some cases, the principal payable at the maturity of an indexed security may change positively or inversely in relation to one or more interest rates, financial indices, securities prices or other financial indicators (reference prices). An indexed security may be leveraged to the extent that the magnitude of any change in the interest rate or principal payable on an indexed security is a multiple of the change in the reference price. Thus, indexed securities may decline in value due to adverse market changes in reference prices. Because indexed securities derive their value from another instrument, security or index, they are considered derivative debt securities, and are subject to different combinations of prepayment, extension, interest rate and/or other market risks. Indexed securities may include interest only (IO) and principal only (PO) securities, floating rate securities linked to the Cost of Funds Index (COFI floaters), other lagging rate floating securities, floating rate securities that are subject to a maximum interest rate (capped floaters), leveraged floating rate securities (super floaters), leveraged inverse floating rate securities (inverse floaters), dual index floaters, range floaters, index amortizing notes and various currency indexed notes. Indexed securities may be issued by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities or, if privately issued, collateralized by mortgages that are insured, guaranteed or otherwise backed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. |
Inflation-Indexed (or Inflation-Linked) Bonds |
Inflation-indexed bonds are fixed-income securities the principal value of which is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation. Inflation-indexed bonds are issued by governments, their agencies or instrumentalities and corporations. Two structures are common: The U.S. Treasury and some other issuers use a structure that accrues inflation into the principal value of the bond. Most other issuers pay out the inflation accruals as part of a semiannual coupon. The principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond is adjusted in response to changes in the level of inflation. Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed in the case of U.S. Treasury inflation-indexed bonds, and therefore, the principal amount of such bonds cannot be reduced below par even during a period of deflation. However, the current market value of these bonds is not guaranteed and will fluctuate, reflecting the risk of changes in their yields. In certain jurisdictions outside the United States, the repayment of the original bond principal upon the maturity of an inflation-indexed bond is not guaranteed, allowing for the amount of the bond repaid at maturity to be less than par. The interest rate for inflation-indexed bonds is fixed at issuance as a percentage of this adjustable principal. Accordingly, the actual interest income may both rise and fall as the principal amount of the bonds adjusts in response to movements in the Consumer Price Index. |
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
56
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
57
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Loan Facility |
Senior Debt Portfolio may employ borrowings and leverage as described in the Prospectus. The Portfolio has entered into a commercial paper program and liquidity facility subject to the terms of an Order of the SEC (Release No. 26320) granting an exemption from Section 18(f)(1) of the 1940 Act. The program, administered by Citicorp North America, Inc., is with certain conduit lenders who issue commercial paper, in an amount up to $640 million through which the Portfolio employs leverage pursuant to its investment guidelines and subject to the risks described in the Prospectus. Under the terms of the program, the Portfolio pays an annual fee equal to 0.65% on its outstanding borrowings for the administration of the program and an annual fee of either 0.35% or 0.45% on the total commitment amount depending on the amount of outstanding borrowings, as well as interest on advances under the program. |
Loans |
Loans may be primary, direct investments or investments in loan assignments or participation interests. A loan assignment represents a portion or the entirety of a loan and a portion of the entirety of a position previously attributable to a different lender. The purchaser of an assignment typically succeeds to all the rights and obligations under the loan agreement and has the same rights and obligations as the assigning investor. However, assignments through private negotiations may cause the purchaser of an assignment to have different and more limited rights than those held by the assigning investor. Loan participation interests are interests issued by a lender or other entity and represent a fractional interest in a loan. The Fund typically will have a contractual relationship only with the financial institution that issued the participation interest. As a result, the Fund may have the right to receive payments of principal, interest and any fees to which it is entitled only from the financial institution and only upon receipt by such entity of such payments from the borrower. In connection with purchasing a participation interest, the Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the borrower with the terms of the loan agreement, nor any rights with respect to any funds acquired by other investors through set-off against the borrower and the Fund may not directly benefit from the collateral supporting the loan in which it has purchased the participation interest. As a result, the Fund may assume the credit risk of both the borrower and the financial institution issuing the participation interest. In the event of the insolvency of the entity issuing a participation interest, the Fund may be treated as a general creditor of such entity. |
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Loans may be originated by a lending agent, such as a financial institution or other entity, on behalf of a group or syndicate of loan investors (the Loan Investors). In such a case, the agent administers the terms of the loan agreement and is responsible for the collection of principal, and interest payments from the borrower and the apportionment of these payments to the Loan Investors. Failure by the agent to fulfill its obligations may delay or adversely affect receipt of payment by the Fund. Furthermore, unless under the terms of a loan agreement or participation (as applicable) the Fund has direct recourse against the borrower, the Fund must rely on the Agent and the other Loan Investors to pursue appropriate remedies against the borrower. |
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Loan investments may be made at par or at a discount or premium to par. The interest payable on a loan may be fixed or floating rate, and paid in cash or in-kind. In connection with transactions in loans, the Fund may be subject to facility or other fees. Loans may be secured by specific collateral or other assets of the borrower, guaranteed by a third party, unsecured or subordinated. During the term of a loan, the value of any collateral securing the loan may decline in value, causing the loan to be under collateralized. Collateral may consist of assets that may not be readily liquidated, and there is no assurance that the liquidation of such assets would satisfy fully a borrowers obligations under the loan. In addition, if a loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become part owner of the collateral and would bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of such collateral. |
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
58
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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A lenders repayment and other rights primarily are determined by governing loan, assignment or participation documents, which (among other things) typically establish the priority of payment on the loan relative to other indebtedness and obligations of the borrower. In the event of bankruptcy, applicable law may impact a lenders ability to enforce its rights under such documents. Investing in loans involves the risk of default by the borrower or other party obligated to repay the loan. In the event of insolvency of the borrower or other obligated party, the Fund may be treated as a general creditor of such entity unless it has rights that are senior to that of other creditors or secured by specific collateral or assets of the borrower. Fixed-rate loans are also subject to the risk that their value will decline in a rising interest rate environment. This risk is mitigated for floating-rate loans, where the interest rate payable on the loan resets periodically by reference to a base lending rate. The base lending rate usually is the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), the Federal Reserve federal funds rate, the prime rate or other base lending rates used by commercial lenders. LIBOR usually is an average of the interest rates quoted by several designated banks as the rates at which they pay interest to major depositors in the London interbank market on U.S. dollar-denominated deposits. |
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The Fund will take whatever action it considers appropriate in the event of anticipated financial difficulties, default or bankruptcy of the borrower or other entity obligated to repay a loan. Such action may include: (i) retaining the services of various persons or firms (including affiliates of the investment adviser) to evaluate or protect any collateral or other assets securing the loan or acquired as a result of any such event; (ii) managing (or engaging other persons to manage) or otherwise dealing with any collateral or other assets so acquired; and (iii) taking such other actions (including, but not limited to, payment of operating or similar expenses relating to the collateral) as the investment adviser may deem appropriate to reduce the likelihood or severity of loss on the Funds investment and/or maximize the return on such investment. The Fund will incur additional expenditures in taking protective action with respect to loans in (or anticipated to be in) default and assets securing such loans. In certain circumstances, the Fund may receive equity or equity-like securities from a borrower to settle the loan or may acquire an equity interest in the borrower. Representatives of the Fund also may join creditor or similar committees relating to loans. |
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Lenders can be sued by other creditors and the debtor and its shareholders. Losses could be greater than the original loan amount and occur years after the loans recovery. If a borrower becomes involved in bankruptcy proceedings, a court may invalidate the Funds security interest in any loan collateral or subordinate the Funds rights under the loan agreement to the interests of the borrowers unsecured creditors or cause interest previously paid to be refunded to the borrower. There are also other events, such as the failure to perfect a security interest due to faulty documentation or faulty official filings, which could lead to the invalidation of the Funds security interest in loan collateral. If any of these events occur, the Funds performance could be negatively affected. |
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Interests in loans generally are not listed on any national securities exchange or automated quotation system and no active market may exist for many loans, making them illiquid. As described below, a secondary market exists for many Senior Loans, but it may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods. |
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From time to time the investment adviser and its affiliates may borrow money from various banks in connection with their business activities. Such banks may also sell interests in loans to or acquire them from the Fund or may be intermediate participants with respect to loans in which the Fund owns interests. Such banks may also act as agents for loans held by the Fund. |
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To the extent that legislation or state or federal regulators that regulate certain financial institutions impose additional requirements or restrictions with respect to the ability of such institutions to make loans, particularly in connection with highly leveraged transactions, the availability of loans for investment may be adversely affected. Further, such legislation or regulation could depress the market value of loans. |
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For additional disclosures relating to Junior and Senior Loans, see Junior Loans and Senior Loans herein. |
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
59
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Master Limited Partnerships (MLPs) |
MLPs are publicly-traded limited partnership interests or units. An MLP that invests in a particular industry (e.g., oil and gas) will be harmed by detrimental economic events within that industry. As partnerships, MLPs may be subject to less regulation (and less protection for investors) under state laws than corporations. In addition, MLPs may be subject to state taxation in certain jurisdictions, which may reduce the amount of income paid by an MLP to its investors. |
Mortgage-Backed Securities (MBS) |
MBS are pass through securities, meaning that a pro rata share of regular interest and principal payments, as well as unscheduled early prepayments, on the underlying mortgage pool is passed through monthly to the holder. MBS may include conventional mortgage pass through securities, participation interests in pools of adjustable and fixed rate mortgage loans, stripped mortgage-backed securities (described herein), floating rate mortgage-backed securities and certain classes of multiple class CMOs. MBS pay principal to the holder over their term, which differs from other forms of debt securities that normally provide for principal payment at maturity or specified call dates. MBS are subject to the general risks associated with investing in real estate securities; that is, they may lose value if the value of the underlying real estate to which a pool of mortgages relates declines. In addition, investments in MBS involve certain specific risks, including the failure of a party to meet its commitments under the related operative documents, adverse interest rate changes and the effects of prepayments on mortgage cash flows. Certain MBS may be purchased on a when-issued basis subject to certain limitations and requirements. |
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There are currently three types of MBS: (1) those issued by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities, such as the Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA), the Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC); (2) those issued by private issuers that represent an interest in or are collateralized by pass through securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities; and (3) those issued by private issuers that represent an interest in or are collateralized by whole mortgage loans or pass through securities without a government guarantee but that usually have some form of private credit enhancement. Privately issued MBS are structured similar to GNMA, FNMA and FHLMC MBS, and are issued by originators or and investors in mortgage loans, including depositary institutions mortgage banks and special purpose subsidiaries of the foregoing. |
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GNMA Certificates and FNMA Mortgage-Backed Certificates are MBS representing part ownership of a pool of mortgage loans. GNMA loans (issued by lenders such as mortgage bankers, commercial banks and savings and loan associations) are either insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the Veterans Administration. A pool of such mortgages is assembled and, after being approved by GNMA, is offered to investors through securities dealers. Once such pool is approved by GNMA, the timely payment of interest and principal on the Certificates issued representing such pool is guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. GNMA is a wholly owned U.S. Government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development. FNMA, a federally chartered corporation owned entirely by private stockholders, purchases both conventional and federally insured or guaranteed residential mortgages from various entities, including savings and loan associations, savings banks, commercial banks, credit unions and mortgage bankers, and packages pools of such mortgages in the form of pass-through securities generally called FNMA Mortgage-Backed Certificates, which are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by FNMA but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government; however, they are supported by the right of FNMA to borrow from the U.S. Treasury Department. |
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FHLMC, a corporate instrumentality of the U.S. Government created by Congress for the purposes of increasing the availability of mortgage credit for residential housing, issues participation certificates (PCs) representing undivided interest in FHLMCS mortgage portfolio. While FHLMC guarantees the timely payment of interest and ultimate collection of the principal of its PCs, its PCs are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. FHLMC PCs differ from GNMA Certificates in that the mortgages underlying the PCs are monthly conventional mortgages rather than mortgages insured or guaranteed by a federal agency or instrumentality. However, in several other respects, such as the monthly pass-through of interest and principal (including unscheduled prepayments) and the unpredictability of future unscheduled prepayments on the underlying mortgage pools, FHLMC PCs are similar to GNMA Certificates. See also Events Regarding FNMA and FHLMC herein. |
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
60
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
61
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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MLOs and participations therein represent a type of financing that may not have the depth of marketability associated with more conventional securities and, as such, they may be less liquid than conventional securities. Certain MLOs may be deemed illiquid for the purpose of the Funds limitation on investments in illiquid securities, unless determined by the investment adviser, pursuant to guidelines adopted by the Board, to be liquid securities. The investment adviser will consider an MLO to be liquid if it is rated investment grade (being an MLO rated BBB or Baa or higher) by a nationally recognized statistical ratings organization or is insured by an insurer rated investment grade. If an MLO or participation does not meet the foregoing criteria, then the investment adviser will consider the MLO to be illiquid unless it conducts an analysis of relevant factors and concludes that the MLO is liquid. In conducting such an analysis, the investment adviser will consider the factors it believes are relevant to the marketability of the obligation, to the extent that information regarding such factor is available to the investment adviser and pertinent to the liquidity determination, which may include: (1) the willingness of dealers to bid for the obligation; (2) the number of dealers willing to purchase or sell the obligation and the number of other potential buyers; (3) the frequency of trades and quotes for the obligation; (4) the nature of the marketplace trades, including the time needed to dispose of the obligation, the method of soliciting offers, and the mechanics of transfer; (5) the willingness of the governmental issuer to continue to appropriate funds for the payment of the obligation; (6) how likely or remote an event of non-appropriation may be, which depends in varying degrees on a variety of factors, including those relating to the general creditworthiness of the governmental issuer, its dependence on its continuing access to the credit markets, and the importance to the issuer of the equipment, property or facility covered by the lease or contract; (7) an assessment of the likelihood that the lease may or may not be cancelled; and (8) other factors and information unique to the obligation in determining its liquidity. |
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The ability of issuers of MLOs to make timely lease payments may be adversely impacted in general economic downturns and as relative governmental cost burdens are allocated and reallocated among federal, state and local governmental units. Such non-payment would result in a reduction of income from and value of the obligation. Issuers of MLOs might seek protection under the bankruptcy laws. In the event of bankruptcy of such an issuer, holders of MLOs could experience delays and limitations with respect to the collection of principal and interest on such MLOs and may not, in all circumstances, be able to collect all principal and interest to which it is entitled. To enforce its rights in the event of a default in lease payments, the Fund might take possession of and manage the assets securing the issuers obligations on such securities or otherwise incur costs to protect its rights, which may increase the Funds operating expenses and adversely affect the net asset value of the Fund. When the lease contains a non-appropriation clause, however, the failure to pay would not be a default and the Fund would not have the right to take possession of the assets. Any income derived from the Funds ownership or operation of such assets may not be tax-exempt. |
Municipal Obligations |
Municipal obligations include debt obligations issued to obtain funds for various public purposes, including the construction of a wide range of public facilities, refunding of outstanding obligations and obtaining funds for general operating expenses and loans to other public institutions and facilities. Certain types of bonds are issued by or on behalf of public authorities to finance various privately owned or operated facilities, including certain facilities for the local furnishing of electric energy or gas, sewage facilities, solid waste disposal facilities and other specialized facilities. Municipal obligations include bonds as well as tax-exempt commercial paper, project notes and municipal notes such as tax, revenue and bond anticipation notes of short maturity, generally less than three years. While most municipal bonds pay a fixed rate of interest semiannually in cash, there are exceptions. Some bonds pay no periodic cash interest, but rather make a single payment at maturity representing both principal and interest. Some bonds may pay interest at a variable or floating rate. Bonds may be issued or subsequently offered with interest coupons materially greater or less than those then prevailing, with price adjustments reflecting such deviation. Municipal obligations also include trust certificates representing interests in municipal securities held by a trustee. The trust certificates may evidence ownership of future interest payments, principal payments or both on the underlying securities. |
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
62
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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In general, there are three categories of municipal obligations, the interest on which is exempt from federal income tax and is not a tax preference item for purposes of the alternative minimum tax (AMT): (i) certain public purpose obligations (whenever issued), which include obligations issued directly by state and local governments or their agencies to fulfill essential governmental functions; (ii) certain obligations issued before August 8, 1986 for the benefit of non-governmental persons or entities; and (iii) certain private activity bonds issued after August 7, 1986, which include qualified Section 501(c)(3) bonds or refundings of certain obligations included in the second category. Opinions relating to the validity of municipal bonds, exclusion of municipal bond interest from an investors gross income for federal income tax purposes and, where applicable, state and local income tax, are rendered by bond counsel to the issuing authorities at the time of issuance. |
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Interest on certain private activity bonds issued after August 7, 1986 is exempt from regular federal income tax, but such interest (including a distribution by the Fund derived from such interest) is treated as a tax preference item that could subject the recipient to or increase the recipients liability for the AMT. For corporate shareholders, the Funds distributions derived from interest on all municipal obligations (whenever issued) are included in adjusted current earnings for purposes of the AMT as applied to corporations (to the extent not already included in alternative minimum taxable income as income attributable to private activity bonds). |
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The two principal classifications of municipal bonds are general obligation and revenue bonds. Issuers of general obligation bonds include states, counties, cities, towns and regional districts. The proceeds of these obligations are used to fund a wide range of public projects, including the construction or improvement of schools, highways and roads, water and sewer systems and a variety of other public purposes. The basic security of general obligation bonds is the issuers pledge of its faith, credit, and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest. The taxes that can be levied for the payment of debt service may be limited or unlimited as to rate and amount. |
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Typically, the only security for a limited obligation or revenue bond is the net revenue derived from a particular facility or class of facilities financed thereby or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a special tax or other special revenues. Revenue bonds have been issued to fund a wide variety of revenue-producing public capital projects including: electric, gas, water and sewer systems; highways, bridges and tunnels; port and airport facilities; colleges and universities; hospitals; and convention, recreational, tribal gaming and housing facilities. Although the security behind these bonds varies widely, many lower rated bonds provide additional security in the form of a debt service reserve fund that may also be used to make principal and interest payments on the issuer's obligations. In addition, some revenue obligations (as well as general obligations) are insured by a bond insurance company or backed by a letter of credit issued by a banking institution. Revenue bonds also include, for example, pollution control, health care and housing bonds, which, although nominally issued by municipal authorities, are generally not secured by the taxing power of the municipality but by the revenues of the authority derived from payments by the private entity that owns or operates the facility financed with the proceeds of the bonds. Obligations of housing finance authorities have a wide range of security features, including reserve funds and insured or subsidized mortgages, as well as the net revenues from housing or other public projects. Many of these bonds do not generally constitute the pledge of the credit of the issuer of such bonds. The credit quality of such revenue bonds is usually directly related to the credit standing of the user of the facility being financed or of an institution which provides a guarantee, letter of credit or other credit enhancement for the bond issue. The Fund may on occasion acquire revenue bonds that carry warrants or similar rights covering equity securities. Such warrants or rights may be held indefinitely, but if exercised, the Fund anticipates that it would, under normal circumstances, dispose of any equity securities so acquired within a reasonable period of time. Investing in revenue bonds may involve (without limitation) the following risks. |
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Hospital bond ratings are often based on feasibility studies that contain projections of expenses, revenues and occupancy levels. A hospitals income available to service its debt may be influenced by demand for hospital services, management capabilities, the service area economy, efforts by insurers and government agencies to limit rates and expenses, competition, availability and expense of malpractice insurance, and Medicaid and Medicare funding. |
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
63
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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Education-related bonds are comprised of two types: (i) those issued to finance projects for public and private colleges and universities, charter schools and private schools, and (ii) those representing pooled interests in student loans. Bonds issued to supply educational institutions with funding are subject to many risks, including the risks of unanticipated revenue decline, primarily the result of decreasing student enrollment, decreasing state and federal funding, or changes in general economic conditions. Additionally, higher than anticipated costs associated with salaries, utilities, insurance or other general expenses could impair the ability of a borrower to make annual debt service payments. Student loan revenue bonds are generally offered by state (or sub-state) authorities or commissions and are backed by pools of student loans. Underlying student loans may be guaranteed by state guarantee agencies and may be subject to reimbursement by the United States Department of Education through its guaranteed student loan program. Others may be private, uninsured loans made to parents or students that may be supported by reserves or other forms of credit enhancement. Cash flows supporting student loan revenue bonds are impacted by numerous factors, including the rate of student loan defaults, seasoning of the loan portfolio, and student repayment deferral periods of forbearance. Other risks associated with student loan revenue bonds include potential changes in federal legislation regarding student loan revenue bonds, state guarantee agency reimbursement and continued federal interest and other program subsidies currently in effect. |
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Transportation debt may be issued to finance the construction of airports, toll roads, highways, or other transit facilities. Airport bonds are dependent on the economic conditions of the airports service area and may be affected by the business strategies and fortunes of specific airlines. They may also be subject to competition from other airports and modes of transportation. Air traffic generally follows broader economic trends and is also affected by the price and availability of fuel. Toll road bonds are also affected by the cost and availability of fuel as well as toll levels, the presence of competing roads and the general economic health of an area. Fuel costs, transportation taxes and fees, and availability of fuel also affect other transportation-related securities, as do the presence of alternate forms of transportation, such as public transportation. |
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Industrial development bonds are normally secured only by the revenues from the project and not by state or local government tax payments, they are subject to a wide variety of risks, many of which relate to the nature of the specific project. Generally, IDBs are sensitive to the risk of a slowdown in the economy. Electric utilities face problems in financing large construction programs in an inflationary period, cost increases and delay occasioned by safety and environmental considerations (particularly with respect to nuclear facilities), difficulty in obtaining fuel at reasonable prices, and in achieving timely and adequate rate relief from regulatory commissions, effects of energy conservation and limitations on the capacity of the capital market to absorb utility debt. Water and sewer revenue bonds are generally secured by the fees charged to each user of the service. The issuers of water and sewer revenue bonds generally enjoy a monopoly status and latitude in their ability to raise rates. However, lack of water supply due to insufficient rain, run-off, or snow pack can be a concern and has led to past defaults. Further, public resistance to rate increases, declining numbers of customers in a particular locale, costly environmental litigation, and federal environmental mandates are challenges faced by issuers of water and sewer bonds. |
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
64
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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The obligations of any person or entity to pay the principal of and interest on a municipal obligation are subject to the provisions of bankruptcy, insolvency and other laws affecting the rights and remedies of creditors, such as the Federal Bankruptcy Act, and laws, if any, that may be enacted by Congress or state legislatures extending the time for payment of principal or interest, or both, or imposing other constraints upon enforcement of such obligations. Certain bond structures may be subject to the risk that a taxing authority may issue an adverse ruling regarding tax-exempt status. There is also the possibility that as a result of adverse economic conditions (including unforeseen financial events, natural disasters and other conditions that may affect an issuers ability to pay its obligations), litigation or other conditions, the power or ability of any person or entity to pay when due principal of and interest on a municipal obligation may be materially affected or interest and principal previously paid may be required to be refunded. There have been instances of defaults and bankruptcies involving municipal obligations that were not foreseen by the financial and investment communities. The Fund will take whatever action it considers appropriate in the event of anticipated financial difficulties, default or bankruptcy of either the issuer of any municipal obligation or of the underlying source of funds for debt service. Such action may include: (i) retaining the services of various persons or firms (including affiliates of the investment adviser) to evaluate or protect any real estate, facilities or other assets securing any such obligation or acquired by the Fund as a result of any such event; (ii) managing (or engaging other persons to manage) or otherwise dealing with any real estate, facilities or other assets so acquired; and (iii) taking such other actions as the adviser (including, but not limited to, payment of operating or similar expenses of the underlying project) may deem appropriate to reduce the likelihood or severity of loss on the funds investment. The Fund will incur additional expenditures in taking protective action with respect to portfolio obligations in (or anticipated to be in) default and assets securing such obligations. |
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Historically, municipal bankruptcies have been rare and certain provisions of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code governing such bankruptcy are unclear. Further, the application of state law to municipal obligation issuers could produce varying results among the states or among municipal obligation issuers within a state. These uncertainties could have a significant impact on the prices of the municipal obligations in which the Fund invests. There could be economic, business or political developments or court decisions that adversely affect all municipal obligations in the same sector. Developments such as changes in healthcare regulations, environmental considerations related to construction, construction cost increases and labor problems, failure of healthcare facilities to maintain adequate occupancy levels, and inflation can affect municipal obligations in the same sector. As the similarity in issuers of municipal obligations held by the Fund increases, the potential for fluctuations in the Funds share price also may increase. |
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
65
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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The secondary market for some municipal obligations issued within a state (including issues that are privately placed with the Fund) is less liquid than that for taxable debt obligations or other more widely traded municipal obligations. No established resale market exists for certain of the municipal obligations in which the Fund may invest. The market for obligations rated below investment grade is also likely to be less liquid than the market for higher rated obligations. As a result, the Fund may be unable to dispose of these municipal obligations at times when it would otherwise wish to do so at the prices at which they are valued. Municipal obligations that are rated below investment grade but that, subsequent to the assignment of such rating, are backed by escrow accounts containing U.S. Government obligations may be determined by the investment adviser to be of investment grade quality for purposes of the Funds investment policies. In the case of a defaulted obligation, the Fund may incur additional expense seeking recovery of its investment. Defaulted obligations are denoted in the Portfolio of Investments in the Financial Statements included in the Funds reports to shareholders. The yields on municipal obligations depend on a variety of factors, including purposes of the issue and source of funds for repayment, general money market conditions, general conditions of the municipal bond market, size of a particular offering, maturity of the obligation and rating of the issue. The ratings of Moodys, S&P and Fitch represent their opinions as to the quality of the municipal obligations which they undertake to rate, and in the case of insurers, other factors including the claims-paying ability of such insurer. It should be emphasized, however, that ratings are based on judgment and are not absolute standards of quality. Consequently, municipal obligations with the same maturity, coupon and rating may have different yields while obligations of the same maturity and coupon with different ratings may have the same yield. In addition, the market price of such obligations will normally fluctuate with changes in interest rates, and therefore the net asset value of the Fund will be affected by such changes. |
Option Contracts |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. An option contract is a contract that gives the holder of the option, in return for a premium, the right to buy from (in the case of a call) or sell to (in the case of a put) the writer of the option the reference instrument underlying the option (or the cash value of the index) at a specified exercise price at any time during the term of the option. The writer of an option on a security has the obligation upon exercise of the option to deliver the reference instrument (or the cash) upon payment of the exercise price or to pay the exercise price upon delivery of the reference instrument (or the cash). Upon exercise of an index option, the writer of an option on an index is obligated to pay the difference between the cash value of the index and the exercise price multiplied by the specified multiplier for the index option. Options may be covered, meaning that the party required to deliver the reference instrument if the option is exercised owns that instrument (or has set aside sufficient assets to meet its obligation to deliver the instrument). Options may be listed on an exchange or traded in the OTC market. In general, exchange-traded options have standardized exercise prices and expiration dates and may require the parties to post margin against their obligations, and the performance of the parties' obligations in connection with such options is guaranteed by the exchange or a related clearing corporation. OTC options have more flexible terms negotiated between the buyer and the seller, but generally do not require the parties to post margin and are subject to counterparty risk. OTC options also involve greater liquidity risk. The staff of the SEC takes the position that certain purchased OTC options, and assets used as cover for written OTC options, are illiquid. Derivatives on economic indicators generally are offered in an auction format and are booked and settled as OTC options. Options on futures contracts are discussed herein under Futures Contracts. |
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If a written option expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital gain equal to the premium received at the time the option was written. If a purchased option expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital loss equal to the premium paid. Prior to the earlier of exercise or expiration, an exchange traded option may be closed out by an offsetting purchase or sale of an option of the same series (type, exchange, reference instrument, exercise price, and expiration). A capital gain will be realized from a closing purchase transaction if the cost of the closing option is less than the premium received from writing the option, or, if it is more, a capital loss will be realized. If the premium received from a closing sale transaction is more than the premium paid to purchase the option, the Fund will realize a capital gain or, if it is less, the Fund will realize a capital loss. The principal factors affecting the market value of a put or a call option include supply and demand, the current market price of the reference instrument in relation to the exercise price of the option, the volatility of the reference instrument, and the time remaining until the expiration date. There can be no assurance that a closing purchase or sale transaction can be consummated when desired. |
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
66
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
67
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
The Fund may invest in pooled investment vehicles including other open-end or closed-end investment companies affiliated or unaffiliated with the investment adviser, exchange-traded funds (described herein) and other collective investment pools in accordance with the requirements of the 1940 Act. Closed-end investment company securities are usually traded on an exchange. The demand for a closed-end funds securities is independent of the demand for the underlying portfolio assets, and accordingly, such securities can trade at a discount from, or a premium over , their net asset value. The Fund generally will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any management fees paid by a pooled investment vehicle in which it invests in addition to the investment advisory fee paid by the Fund. |
Portfolio Turnover |
A change in the securities held by the Fund is known as portfolio turnover and generally involves expense to the Fund, including brokerage commissions or dealer markups and other transaction costs on both the sale of securities and the reinvestment of the proceeds in other securities. If sales of portfolio securities cause the Fund to realize net short-term capital gains, such gains will be taxable as ordinary income to taxable shareholders. The Funds portfolio turnover rate for a fiscal year is the ratio of the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio securities to the monthly average of the value of portfolio securities − excluding securities whose maturities at acquisition were one year or less. The Fund's portfolio turnover rate is not a limiting factor when the investment adviser considers a change in the Fund's portfolio holdings. The portfolio turnover rate(s) of the Fund for recent fiscal periods is included in the Financial Highlights in the Prospectus. |
Preferred Securities |
Preferred securities represent an equity ownership interest in the issuing corporation that has a higher claim on the assets and earnings than common stock. Preferred securities generally have a dividend that must be paid out before dividends to common stockholders and the shares usually do not have voting rights. Preferred securities involve credit risk, which is the risk that a preferred security will decline in price, or fail to pay dividends when expected, because the issuer experiences a decline in its financial status. Preferred securities may be convertible to common stock in some cases. While a part of an issuers equity structure, preferred securities may be deemed to be fixed-income securities for purposes of the Funds investment restrictions. |
Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) |
Securities of companies in the real estate industry, such as REITs, are sensitive to factors, such as changes in: real estate values, property taxes, interest rates, cash flow of underlying real estate assets, occupancy rates, government regulations affecting zoning, land use, and rents, and the management skill and creditworthiness of the issuer. Companies in the real estate industry may also be subject to liabilities under environmental and hazardous waste laws, among others. Changes in underlying real estate values may have a magnified effect to the extent that REITs concentrate investments in particular geographic regions or property types. Investments in REITs may also be adversely affected by rising interest rates. By investing in REITs, the Fund indirectly will bear REIT expenses in addition to its own expenses. |
Repurchase Agreements |
Repurchase agreements involve the purchase of a security coupled with an agreement to resell at a specified date and price. In the event of the bankruptcy of the counterparty to a repurchase agreement, recovery of cash may be delayed. To the extent that, in the meantime, the value of the purchased securities may have decreased, a loss could result. Repurchase agreements that mature in more than seven days will be treated as illiquid. Unless the Prospectus states otherwise, the terms of a repurchase agreement will provide that the value of the collateral underlying the repurchase agreement will always be at least equal to the repurchase price, including any accrued interest earned on the agreement, and will be marked to market daily. |
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
Residual Interest Bonds |
The Fund may invest in residual interest bonds in a trust that holds municipal securities. The interest rate payable on a residual interest bond bears an inverse relationship to the interest rate on another security issued by the trust. Because changes in the interest rate on the other security inversely affect the interest paid on the residual interest bond, the value and income of a residual interest bond is generally more volatile than that of a fixed rate bond. Residual interest bonds have interest rate adjustment formulas that generally reduce or, in the extreme, eliminate the interest paid to the Fund when short-term interest rates rise, and increase the interest paid to the Fund when short-term interest rates fall. Residual interest bonds have varying degrees of liquidity, and the market for these securities is relatively volatile. These securities tend to underperform the market for fixed rate bonds in a rising long-term interest rate environment, but tend to outperform the market for fixed rate bonds when long-term interest rates decline. Although volatile, residual interest bonds typically offer the potential for yields exceeding the yields available on fixed rate bonds with comparable credit quality and maturity. These securities usually permit the investor to convert the floating rate to a fixed rate (normally adjusted downward), and this optional conversion feature may provide a partial hedge against rising rates if exercised at an opportune time. While residual interest bonds expose the Fund to leverage risk because they provide two or more dollars of bond market exposure for every dollar invested, they are not subject to the Funds restrictions on borrowings. Under certain circumstances, the Fund may enter into a so-called shortfall and forbearance agreement with the sponsor of a residual interest bond held by the Fund. Such agreements commit the Fund to reimburse the sponsor of such residual interest bond, upon the termination of the trust issuing the residual interest bond, the difference between the liquidation value of the underlying security (which is the basis of the residual interest bond) and the principal amount due to the holders of the floating rate security issued in conjunction with the residual interest bond. Absent a shortfall and forbearance agreement, the Fund would not be required to make such a reimbursement. If the Fund chooses not to enter into such an agreement, the residual interest bond could be terminated and the Fund could incur a loss. The Funds investments in residual interest bonds and similar securities described in the Prospectus and this SAI will not be considered borrowing for purposes of the Funds restrictions on borrowing described herein and in the Prospectus. |
Reverse Repurchase Agreements |
Under a reverse repurchase agreement, the Fund temporarily transfers possession of a portfolio instrument to another party, such as a bank or broker-dealer, in return for cash. At the same time, the Fund agrees to repurchase the instrument at an agreed upon time (normally within seven days) and price, which reflects an interest payment. The Fund may enter into a reverse repurchase agreement for various purposes, including, but not limited to, when it is able to invest the cash acquired at a rate higher than the cost of the agreement or as a means of raising cash to satisfy redemption requests without the necessity of selling portfolio assets. In a reverse repurchase agreement, any fluctuations in the market value of either the securities transferred to another party or the securities in which the proceeds may be invested would affect the market value of the Funds assets. As a result, such transactions may increase fluctuations in the value of the Fund. Because reverse repurchase agreements may be considered to be the practical equivalent of borrowing funds, they constitute a form of leverage. Such agreements will be treated as subject to investment restrictions regarding borrowings. If the Fund reinvests the proceeds of a reverse repurchase agreement at a rate lower than the cost of the agreement, entering into the agreement will lower the Funds yield. |
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
Rights and Warrants |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. A right is a privilege granted to existing shareholders of a corporation to subscribe for shares of a new issue of common stock before it is issued. Rights normally have a short life, usually two to four weeks, are freely transferable and entitle the holder to buy the new common stock at a lower price than the public offering price. Warrants are securities that are typically issued together with a debt security or preferred stock and that give the holder the right to buy a proportionate amount of common stock at a specified price. Warrants are freely transferable and are often traded on major exchanges. Unlike rights, warrants normally have a life that is measured in years and entitle the holder to buy common stock of a company at a price that is usually higher than the market price at the time the warrant is issued. Corporations often issue warrants to make the accompanying debt security more attractive. Warrants and rights may entail greater risks than certain other types of investments. Generally, rights and warrants do not carry the right to receive dividends or exercise voting rights with respect to the underlying securities, and they do not represent any rights in the assets of the issuer. In addition, their value does not necessarily change with the value of the underlying securities, and they cease to have value if they are not exercised on or before their expiration date. If the market price of the underlying stock does not exceed the exercise price during the life of the warrant or right, the warrant or right will expire worthless. (Canadian special warrants issued in private placements prior to a public offering are not considered warrants.) |
Royalty Bonds |
To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may invest in royalty bonds. |
Securities Lending |
The Fund may lend its portfolio securities to major banks, broker-dealers and other financial institutions in compliance with the 1940 Act. No lending may be made with any companies affiliated with the investment adviser. These loans earn income and are collateralized by cash, securities or letters of credit. The Fund may realize a loss if it is not able to invest cash collateral at rates higher than the costs to enter into the loan. When the loan is closed, the lender is obligated to return the collateral to the borrower. The lender could suffer a loss if the value of the collateral is below the market value of the borrowed securities or if the borrower defaults on the loan. The lender may pay reasonable finders, lending agent, administrative and custodial fees in connection with its loans. The investment adviser may instruct the securities lending agent to terminate loans and recall securities with voting rights so that the securities may be voted in accordance with the Funds proxy voting policy and procedures if deemed appropriate to do so. See Taxes for information on the tax treatment of payments in lieu of dividends received pursuant to securities lending arrangements. |
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Cash collateral received by the Fund in respect of loaned securities is invested in Eaton Vance Cash Collateral Fund, LLC (Cash Collateral Fund), a privately offered investment company holding high quality, U.S. dollar-denominated money market instruments. The investment objective of Cash Collateral Fund is to provide as high a rate of income as may be consistent with preservation of capital and maintenance of liquidity. Although not a registered money market mutual fund, Cash Collateral Fund conducts all of its investment activities in accordance with the requirements of Rule 2a-7 under the 1940 Act. There can be no assurance that Cash Collateral Fund will be able to maintain a stable net asset value and the Fund could experience a loss of its invested collateral. Cash Collateral Fund invests in high quality, U.S. dollar-denominated money market instruments of domestic and foreign issuers, including U.S. Government securities and prime commercial paper. When appropriate, Cash Collateral Fund may also invest in other high-grade, short-term obligations, including certificates of deposit, bankers acceptances and other short-term securities issued by domestic or foreign banks or their subsidiaries or branches. Cash Collateral Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued basis and for future delivery by means of forward commitments. Cash Collateral Fund may enter into repurchase agreements. Cash Collateral Fund may invest without limit in U.S. dollar-denominated obligations of foreign issuers, including foreign banks. Cash Collateral Fund does not limit the amount of its assets that can be invested in one type of instrument or in any foreign country. Information about the portfolio holdings of Cash Collateral Fund is available on request. As compensation for its services as manager, Eaton Vance is paid a fee at a rate of 0.08% annually of the average daily net assets of Cash Collateral Fund. Eaton Vance pays all of Cash Collateral Funds custody, audit and other ordinary operating expenses, excluding extraordinary, non-recurring items such as expenses incurred in connection with litigation, proceedings, claims and reorganization expenses. Payments to Eaton Vance for managing Cash Collateral Fund are in addition to the investment advisory fee paid by the Fund. |
Eaton Vance Combined Parametric Funds
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
Securities with Equity and Debt Characteristics |
Securities may have a combination of equity and debt characteristics. These securities may at times behave more like equity than debt or vice versa. Some types of convertible bonds, preferred stocks or other preferred securities automatically convert into common stocks or other securities at a stated conversion ratio and some may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a predetermined price. These securities, prior to conversion, may pay a fixed rate of interest or a dividend. Because convertible securities have both debt and equity characteristics, their values vary in response to many factors, including the values of the securities into which they are convertible, general market and economic conditions, and convertible market valuations, as well as changes in interest rates, credit spreads and the credit quality of the issuer. The prices and yields of nonconvertible preferred securities or preferred stocks generally move with changes in interest rates and the issuers credit quality, similar to the factors affecting debt securities. If these securities are ranked at the bottom of an issuers debt capital structure, they may be more sensitive to economic changes than more senior debt securities. These securities may also be viewed as more equity-like by the market when the issuer or its parent company experience financial problems. |
Senior Loans |
Senior Loans are loans that are senior in repayment priority to other debt of the borrower. Senior Loans generally pay interest that floats, adjusts or varies periodically based on benchmark indicators, specified adjustment schedules or prevailing interest rates. Senior Loans are often secured by specific assets or collateral, although they may not be secured by collateral. A Senior Loan is typically originated, negotiated and structured by a U.S. or foreign commercial bank, insurance company, finance company or other financial institution (the Agent) for a group of loan investors (Loan Investors), generally referred to as a syndicate. The Agent typically administers and enforces the Senior Loan on behalf of the Loan Investors in the syndicate. In addition, an institution, typically but not always the Agent, holds any collateral on behalf of the Loan Investors. Loan interests primarily take the form of assignments purchased in the primary or secondary market. Loan interests may also take the form of participation interests in, or novations of, a Senior Loan. Senior Loans primarily include senior floating rate loans and secondarily senior floating rate debt obligations (including those issued by an asset-backed pool), and interests therein. |
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Loan Collateral. Borrowers generally will, for the term of the Senior Loan, pledge collateral to secure their obligation. In addition Senior Loans may be guaranteed by or secured by assets of the borrowers owners or affiliates. During the term of the Senior Loan, the value of collateral securing the Loan may decline in value, causing the Loan to be under-collateralized. Collateral may consist of assets that may not be readily liquidated, and there is no assurance that the liquidation of such assets would satisfy fully a borrowers obligations under a Senior Loan. In addition, if a Senior Loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become part owner of the collateral and would bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of such collateral. |
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Fees. The Fund may receive a facility fee when it buys a Senior Loan, and pay a facility fee when it sells a Senior Loan. On an ongoing basis, the Fund may receive a commitment fee based on the undrawn portion of the underlying line of credit portion of a Senior Loan. In certain circumstances, the Fund may receive a prepayment penalty fee upon the prepayment of a Senior Loan by a borrower or an amendment fee. |
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Loan Administration. In a typical Senior Loan, the Agent administers the terms of the loan agreement and is responsible for the collection of principal, and interest payments from the borrower and the apportionment of these payments to the Loan Investors. Failure by the Agent to fulfill its obligations may delay or adversely affect receipt of payment by the Fund. Furthermore, unless under the terms of a loan agreement or participation (as applicable) the Fund has direct recourse against the borrower, the Fund must rely on the Agent and the other Loan Investors to use appropriate remedies against the borrower. The Agent is typically responsible for monitoring compliance with covenants contained in the loan agreement based upon reports prepared by the borrower. The typical practice of an Agent or a Loan Investor in relying exclusively or primarily on reports from the borrower may involve the risk of fraud by the borrower. It is unclear whether an investment in a Senior Loan offers the securities law protections against fraud and misrepresentation. |
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A financial institutions appointment as Agent may usually be terminated in the event that it fails to observe the requisite standard of care or becomes insolvent. A successor Agent would generally be appointed to replace the terminated Agent, and assets held by the Agent under the Loan Agreement should remain available to holders of Senior Loans. However, if assets held by the Agent for the benefit of the Fund were determined to be subject to the claims of the Agents general creditors, the Fund might incur certain costs and delays in realizing payment on a Senior Loan, or suffer a loss of principal and/or interest. In situations involving other Interposed Person s , similar risks may arise. |
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Additional Information. The Fund may purchase and retain in its portfolio a Senior Loan where the borrower has experienced, or may be perceived to be likely to experience, credit problems, including involvement in or recent emergence from bankruptcy reorganization proceedings or other forms of debt restructuring. While such investments may provide opportunities for enhanced income as well as capital appreciation, they generally involve greater risk and may be considered speculative. The Fund may from time to time participate in ad-hoc committees formed by creditors to negotiate with the management of financially troubled borrowers. The Fund may incur legal fees as a result of such participation. In addition, such participation may restrict the Funds ability to trade in or acquire additional positions in a particular security when it might otherwise desire to do so. Participation by the Fund also may expose the Fund to potential liabilities under bankruptcy or other laws governing the rights of creditors and debtors. The Fund will participate in such committees only when the investment adviser believes that such participation is necessary or desirable to enforce the Funds rights as a creditor or to protect the value of a Senior Loan held by the Fund. |
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In some instances, other accounts managed by the investment adviser may hold other securities issued by borrowers the Senior Loans of which may be held by the Fund. These other securities may include, for example, debt securities that are subordinate to the Senior Loans held by the Fund, convertible debt or common or preferred equity securities. In certain circumstances, such as if the credit quality of the borrower deteriorates, the interests of holders of these other securities may conflict with the interests of the holders of the borrowers Senior Loans. In such cases, the investment adviser may owe conflicting fiduciary duties to the Fund and other client accounts. The investment adviser will endeavor to carry out its obligations to all of its clients to the fullest extent possible, recognizing that in some cases, certain clients may achieve a lower economic return, as a result of these conflicting client interests, than if the investment advisers client accounts collectively held only a single category of the issuers securities. |
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The Fund may acquire warrants and other equity securities as part of a unit combining a Senior Loan and equity securities of a borrower or its affiliates. The Fund may also acquire equity securities or debt securities (including non-dollar denominated debt securities) issued in exchange for a Senior Loan or issued in connection with the debt restructuring or reorganization of a borrower, or if such acquisition, in the judgment of the investment adviser, may enhance the value of a Senior Loan or would otherwise be consistent with the Funds investment policies. |
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For Floating Rate Portfolio, Senior Portfolio and VT Floating-Rate Income Fund only: The Fund will acquire participations only if the Loan Investor selling the participation, and any other persons interpositioned between the Fund and the Loan Investor (an Interposed Person), at the time of investment, has outstanding debt or deposit obligations rated investment grade (BBB or A-3 or higher by S&P or Baa or P- 3 or higher by Moodys or comparably rated by another nationally recognized statistical ratings organization) or determined by the investment adviser to be of comparable quality . |
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For additional disclosure relating to investing in loans (including Senior Loans), see Loans above. |
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Short Sales |
Short sales are transactions in which a party sells a security it does not own in anticipation of a decline in the market value of that security. To complete such a transaction, the party must borrow the security to make delivery to the buyer. When the party is required to return the borrowed security, it typically will purchase the security in the open market. The price at such time may be more or less than the price at which the party sold the security. Until the security is replaced, the party is required to repay the lender any dividends or interest, which accrues during the period of the loan. To borrow the security, it also may be required to pay a premium, which would increase the cost of the security sold. The net proceeds of the short sale will be retained by the broker, to the extent necessary to meet margin requirements, until the short position is closed out. Transaction costs are incurred in effecting short sales. A short seller will incur a loss as a result of a short sale if the price of the security increases between the date of the short sale and the date on which it replaces the borrowed security. A gain will be realized if the price of the security declines in price between those dates. The amount of any gain will be decreased, and the amount of any loss increased, by the amount of the premium, dividends or interest the short seller may be required to pay, if any, in connection with a short sale. Short sales may be against the box or uncovered. In a short sale against the box, at the time of the sale, the short seller owns or has the immediate and unconditional right to acquire the identical security at no additional cost. In an uncovered short sale, the short seller does not own the underlying security and, as such, losses from uncovered short sales may be significant. The Fund may sell short securities representing an index or basket of securities whose constituents the Fund holds in whole or in part. A short sale of an index or basket of securities will be a covered short sale if the underlying index or basket of securities is the same or substantially identical to securities held by the Fund. Use of short sales is limited by the Funds non-fundamental restriction relating thereto. |
Short-Term Trading |
Fixed-income securities may be sold in anticipation of market decline (a rise in interest rates) or purchased in anticipation of a market rise (a decline in interest rates) and later sold. In addition, such a security may be sold and another purchased at approximately the same time to take advantage of what is believed to be a temporary disparity in the normal yield relationship between the two securities. Yield disparities may occur for reasons not directly related to the investment quality of particular issues or the general movement of interest rates, such as changes in the overall demand for or supply of various types of fixed-income securities or changes in the investment objectives of investors. |
Smaller Companies |
The investment risk associated with smaller companies is higher than that normally associated with larger, more established companies due to the greater business risks associated with small size, the relative age of the company, limited product lines, distribution channels and financial and managerial resources. Further, there is typically less publicly available information concerning smaller companies than for larger companies. The securities of small companies are often traded only over-the-counter and may not be traded in the volumes typical of trading on a national securities exchange. As a result, stocks of smaller companies are often more volatile than those of larger companies, which are often traded on a national securities exchange. |
Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities (SMBS) |
SMBS are multiclass mortgage securities. SMBS commonly involve two classes of securities that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions on a pool of mortgage assets. A common type of SMBS will have one class receiving most of the interest from the mortgages, while the other class will receive most of the principal. In the most extreme case, the interest only class receives all of the interest while the principal only class receives the entire principal. The yield to maturity on an interest only class is extremely sensitive to the rate of principal payments (including pre-payments) on the related underlying mortgage assets, and a rapid rate of principal payments may have a material adverse effect on the yield to maturity from these securities. If the underlying mortgages experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the initial investment in these securities may not be recouped. Although the market for such securities is increasingly liquid, certain SMBS may not be readily marketable and will be considered illiquid. The market value of the class consisting entirely of principal payments generally is unusually volatile in response to changes in interest rates. The yields on a class of SMBS that receives all or most of the interest from mortgages are generally higher than prevailing market yields on other MBS because their cash flow patterns are more volatile and there is a greater risk that the initial investment will not be fully recouped. |
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
Structured Notes |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Structured notes are derivative debt instruments, the interest rate or principal of which is determined by an unrelated indicator (for example, a currency, security, commodity or index thereof). The terms of the instrument may be structured by the purchaser and the borrower issuing the note. Indexed securities may include structured notes as well as securities other than debt securities, the interest rate or principal of which is determined by an unrelated indicator. Indexed securities may include a multiplier that multiplies the indexed element by a specified factor and, therefore, the value of such securities may be very volatile. The terms of structured notes and indexed securities may provide that in certain circumstances no principal is due at maturity, which may result in a loss of invested capital. Structured notes and indexed securities may be positively or negatively indexed, so that appreciation of the unrelated indicator may produce an increase or a decrease in the interest rate or the value of the structured note or indexed security at maturity may be calculated as a specified multiple of the change in the value of the unrelated indicator. Structured notes and indexed securities may entail a greater degree of market risk than other types of investments because the investor bears the risk of the unrelated indicator. Structured notes or indexed securities also may be more volatile, less liquid, and more difficult to accurately price than less complex securities and instruments or more traditional debt securities. |
Swap Agreements |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Swap agreements are two-party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a few weeks to more than one year. In a standard swap transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on a particular predetermined reference instrument or instruments, which can be adjusted for an interest rate factor. The gross returns to be exchanged or swapped between the parties are generally calculated with respect to a notional amount ( i.e. , the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate or in a basket of securities representing a particular index). Other types of swap agreements may calculate the obligations of the parties to the agreement on a net basis. Consequently, a partys current obligations (or rights) under a swap agreement will generally be equal only to the net amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the net amount). |
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Whether the use of swap agreements will be successful will depend on the investment adviser's ability to predict correctly whether certain types of reference instruments are likely to produce greater returns than other instruments. Swap agreements may be subject to contractual restrictions on transferability and termination and they may have terms of greater than seven days. The Funds obligations under a swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owed to the Fund under the swap). Developments in the swaps market, including government regulation, could adversely affect the Funds ability to terminate existing swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements, as well as to participate in swap agreements in the future. If there is a default by the counterparty to a swap, the Fund will have contractual remedies pursuant to the swap agreement, but any recovery may be delayed depending on the circumstances of the default. |
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The swaps market was largely unregulated prior to the enactment of federal legislation known as the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the Dodd-Frank Act), which was enacted in 2010 in response to turmoil in the financial markets and other market events. Among other things, the Dodd-Frank Act sets forth a new regulatory framework for certain OTC derivatives, such as swaps, in which the Fund may invest. The Dodd-Frank Act requires many swap transactions to be executed on registered exchanges or through swap execution facilities, cleared through a regulated clearinghouse, and publicly reported. In addition, many market participants are now regulated as swap dealers or major swap participants, and are, or will be, subject to certain minimum capital and margin requirements and business conduct standards. The statutory requirements of the Dodd-Frank Act are being implemented primarily through rules and regulations adopted by the SEC and/or the CFTC. There is a prescribed phase-in period during which most of the mandated rulemaking and regulations are being implemented, and temporary exemptions from certain rules and regulations have been granted so that current trading practices will not be unduly disrupted during the transition period. |
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Currently, central clearing is only required for certain market participants trading certain instruments, although central clearing for additional instruments is expected to be implemented by the CFTC until the majority of the swaps market is ultimately subject to central clearing. In addition, uncleared OTC swaps will be subject to regulatory collateral requirements that could adversely affect the Funds ability to enter into swaps in the OTC market. These developments could cause the Fund to terminate new or existing swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such instruments at an inopportune time. Until the mandated rulemaking and regulations are implemented completely, it will not be possible to determine the complete impact of the Dodd-Frank Act and related regulations on the Fund, and the establishment of a centralized exchange or market for swap transactions may not result in swaps being easier to value or trade. However, it is expected that swap dealers, major market participants, and swap counterparties will experience other new and/or additional regulations, requirements, compliance burdens, and associated costs. The legislation and rules to be promulgated may exert a negative effect on the Funds ability to meet its investment objective, either through limits or requirements imposed on the Fund or its counterparties. The swap market could be disrupted or limited as a result of the legislation, and the new requirements may increase the cost of the Funds investments and of doing business, which could adversely affect the ability of the Fund to buy or sell OTC derivatives. |
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Swap agreements include (but are not limited to): |
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Currency Swaps. Currency swaps involve the exchange of the rights of the parties to make or receive payments in specified currencies. Because currency swaps usually involve the delivery of the entire principal value of one designated currency in exchange for the other designated currency, the entire principal value of a currency swap is subject to the risk that the other party to the swap will default on its contractual delivery obligations. If the investment adviser is incorrect in its forecasts of market value and currency exchange rates, performance may be adversely affected. |
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Equity Swaps. An equity swap is an agreement in which at least one partys payments are based on the rate of return of an equity security or equity index, such as the S&P 500. The other partys payments can be based on a fixed rate, a non-equity variable rate, or even a different equity index. The Fund may enter into equity index swaps on a net basis pursuant to which the future cash flows from two reference instruments are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two. |
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Credit Default Swaps. Under a credit default swap agreement, the protection buyer in a credit default contract is generally obligated to pay the protection seller an upfront or a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract, provided that no credit event, such as a default, on a reference instrument has occurred. If a credit event occurs, the seller generally must pay the buyer the par value (full notional value) of the reference instrument in exchange for an equal face amount of the reference instrument described in the swap, or the seller may be required to deliver the related net cash amount, if the swap is cash settled. If the Fund is a buyer and no credit event occurs, the Fund may recover nothing if the swap is held through its termination date. As a seller, the Fund generally receives an upfront payment or a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the swap provided that there is no credit event. As the seller, the Fund would effectively add leverage to its portfolio because, in addition to its total net assets, the Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. The determination of a credit event under the swap agreement will depend on the terms of the agreement and may rely on the decision of persons that are not a party to the agreement. The Funds obligations under a credit default swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owed to the Fund). |
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Inflation Swaps. Inflation swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive interest, e.g., an exchange of fixed rate payments for floating rate payments or an exchange of floating rate payments based on two different reference indices. By design, one of the reference indices is an inflation index, such as the Consumer Price Index. Inflation swaps can be designated as zero coupon, where both sides of the swap compound interest over the life of the swap and then the accrued interest is paid out only at the swaps maturity. |
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Total Return Swaps. Total return swap agreements are contracts in which one party agrees to make periodic payments to another party based on the change in market value of the assets underlying the contract, which may include a specified security, basket of securities or securities indices during the specified period, in return for periodic payments based on a fixed or variable interest rate or the total return from other underlying assets. Total return swap agreements may be used to obtain exposure to a security or market without owning or taking physical custody of such security or investing directly in such market. Total return swap agreements may effectively add leverage to the Funds portfolio because, in addition to its total net assets, the Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. Generally, the Fund will enter into total return swaps on a net basis (i.e., the two payment streams are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments). The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Funds obligations over its entitlements with respect to each total return swap will be accrued on a daily basis. If the total return swap transaction is entered into on other than a net basis, the full amount of the Funds obligations will be accrued on a daily basis, and the full amount of the Funds obligations will be segregated by the Fund in an amount equal to or greater than the market value of the liabilities under the total return swap or the amount it would have cost the Fund initially to make an equivalent direct investment, plus or minus any amount the Fund is obligated to pay or is to receive under the total return swap agreement. |
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Interest Rate Swaps, Caps and Floors. Interest rate swaps are OTC contracts in which each party agrees to make a periodic interest payment based on an index or the value of an asset in return for a periodic payment from the other party based on a different index or asset. The purchase of an interest rate floor entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index falls below a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a notional principal amount from the party selling such interest rate floor. The purchase of an interest rate cap entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index rises above a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a notional principal amount from the party selling such interest rate cap. The Fund usually will enter into interest rate swap transactions on a net basis (i.e., the two payment streams are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments). The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Funds obligations over its entitlements with respect to each interest rate swap will be accrued on a daily basis. If the interest rate swap transaction is entered into on other than a net basis, the full amount of the Funds obligations will be accrued on a daily basis. Certain federal income tax requirements may limit the Funds ability to engage in certain interest rate transactions. |
Swaptions |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. A swaption is a contract that gives a counterparty the right (but not the obligation) in return for payment of a premium, to enter into a new swap agreement or to shorten, extend, cancel or otherwise modify an existing swap agreement, at some designated future time on specified terms. The Fund may write (sell) and purchase put and call swaptions. Depending on the terms of the particular option agreement, the Fund will generally incur a greater degree of risk when it writes a swaption than it will incur when it purchases a swaption. When the Fund purchases a swaption, it risks losing only the amount of the premium it has paid should it decide to let the option expire unexercised. However, when the Fund writes a swaption, upon exercise of the option the Fund will become obligated according to the terms of the underlying agreement. |
Tax-Managed Investing |
Taxes are a major influence on the net returns that investors receive on their taxable investments. There are four components of the returns of a mutual fund that invests in equities that are treated differently for federal income tax purposes: price appreciation, distributions of qualified dividend income, distributions of other investment income, and distributions of realized short-term and long-term capital gains. Distributions of income other than qualified dividend income and distributions of net realized short-term gains (on stocks held for one year or less) are taxed as ordinary income. Distributions of qualified dividend income and net realized long-term gains (on stocks held for more than one year) are currently taxed at rates up to 20%. The Funds investment program and the tax treatment of Fund distributions may be affected by IRS interpretations of the Code and future changes in tax laws and regulations. Returns derived from price appreciation are untaxed until the shareholder disposes of his or her shares. Upon disposition, a capital gain (short-term, if the shareholder has held his or her shares for one year or less, otherwise long-term) equal to the difference between the net proceeds of the disposition and the shareholders adjusted tax basis is realized. |
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Trust Certificates |
Trust certificates are investments in a limited purpose trust or other vehicle formed under state law. Trust certificates in turn invest in instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps, preferred securities and other securities, in order to customize the risk/return profile of a particular security. Like an investment in a bond, investments in trust certificates represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in the form of distributions) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the certificate. However, these payments are conditioned on the trusts receipt of payments from, and the trusts potential obligations to, the counterparties to the derivative instruments and other securities in which the trust invests. Investments in these instruments are indirectly subject to the risks associated with derivative instruments, including, among others, credit risk, default or similar event risk, counterparty risk, interest rate risk, leverage risk and management risk. It is expected that the trusts that issue credit-linked trust certificates will constitute private investment companies, exempt from registration under the 1940 Act. Although the trusts are typically private investment companies, they are generally not actively managed. It is also expected that the certificates will be exempt from registration under the 1933 Act. Accordingly, there may be no established trading market for the certificates and they may constitute illiquid investments. |
U.S. Government Securities |
U.S. Government securities include: (1) U.S. Treasury obligations, which differ in their interest rates, maturities and times of issuance, including: U.S. Treasury bills (maturities of one year or less); U.S. Treasury notes (maturities of one year to ten years); and U.S. Treasury bonds (generally maturities of greater than ten years); and (2) obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies and instrumentalities, which are supported by any of the following: (a) the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury; (b) the right of the issuer to borrow an amount limited to a specific line of credit from the U.S. Treasury; (c) discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase certain obligations of the U.S. Government agency or instrumentality; or (d) the credit of the agency or instrumentality. U.S. Government securities also include any other security or agreement collateralized or otherwise secured by U.S. Government securities. Agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. Government include but are not limited to: Farmers Home Administration, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Federal Housing Administration, Federal Land Banks, Federal Financing Bank, Central Bank for Cooperatives, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, Farm Credit Bank System, Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, Federal National Mortgage Association, General Services Administration, Government National Mortgage Association, Student Loan Marketing Association, United States Postal Service, Maritime Administration, Small Business Administration, Tennessee Valley Authority, Washington D.C. Armory Board and any other enterprise established or sponsored by the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government generally is not obligated to provide support to its instrumentalities. The principal of and/or interest on certain U.S. Government securities could be: (a) payable in foreign currencies rather than U.S. dollars; or (b) increased or diminished as a result of changes in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to the value of foreign currencies. The value of such portfolio securities denominated in foreign currencies may be affected favorably by changes in the exchange rate between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. For additional information about Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation and Federal National Mortgage Association, see Events Regarding FNMA and FHLMC herein. |
Unlisted Securities |
Unlisted securities are neither listed on a stock exchange nor traded over-the-counter. Unlisted securities may include investments in new and early stage companies, which may involve a high degree of business and financial risk that can result in substantial losses and may be considered speculative. Such securities will generally be deemed to be illiquid. Because of the absence of any public trading market for these investments, it may take longer to liquidate these positions than would be the case for publicly traded securities. Although these securities may be resold in privately negotiated transactions, the prices realized from these sales could be less than those originally paid or less than what may be considered the fair value of such securities. Furthermore, issuers whose securities are not publicly traded may not be subject to public disclosure and other investor protection requirements applicable to publicly traded securities. If such securities are required to be registered under the securities laws of one or more jurisdictions before being resold, the Fund may be required to bear the expenses of registration. In addition, in foreign jurisdictions any capital gains realized on the sale of such securities may be subject to higher rates of foreign taxation than taxes payable on the sale of listed securities. |
Utility and Financial Service Companies |
To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may concentrate its investments in utility and/or financial services companies. |
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APPENDIX A
Investor Class Fees, Performance and Ownership
Sales Charges and Distribution and Service Fees.
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the following table shows (1) total sales charges paid by each Fund, (2) sales charges paid to financial intermediaries, (3) sales charges paid to the principal underwriter, (4) approximate CDSC payments to the principal underwriter, (5) total distribution and service fees paid by each Fund, and (6) distribution and service fees paid to financial intermediaries. Distribution and service fees that were not paid to financial intermediaries were retained by the principal underwriter.
Fund |
Total Sales
|
Sales Charges to
|
Sales Charges to
|
CDSC Paid to
|
Total Distribution
|
Distribution and
|
Absolute Return Fund |
$ 3,007 |
$ 2,482 |
$ 525 |
$ 0 |
$ 94,677 |
$ 58,316 |
Commodity Strategy Fund |
$ 52 |
$ 0 |
$ 52 |
$ 0 |
$ 4,675 |
$ 2,938 |
*
Effective March 1, 2013 Class A shares were renamed Investor Class shares and the front-end sales charge payable upon purchase of such shares was eliminated.
For
each
Funds fiscal years ended December 31,
2012
and
2011
, the following total sales charges were paid on sales of Investor Class, of which the principal underwriter received the following amounts. The balance of such amounts was paid to financial intermediaries.
Fund |
December 31, 2012
|
December 31, 2012
|
December 31, 2011
|
December 31, 2011
|
Absolute Return Fund |
$ 24,563 |
$ 4,100 |
$ 8,162 |
$ 1,453 |
Commodity Strategy Fund |
$ 0 (1) |
$ 0 (1) |
n/a |
n/a |
(1)
For the period from
commencement
of
operations, January 3, 2012
, to
December 31,
2012
.
Performance Information. The tables below indicate the average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment of $1,000 in this Class of shares for the periods shown in each table. Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses. Performance would have been lower without subsidies.
Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested. Each Funds past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, a Funds current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted return. For the Funds performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.
About Returns After Taxes. After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions. After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares. The tax treatment of a portion of the distributions made in the current year may be recharacterized as taxable after year-end.
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Absolute Return Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
|
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Life of Fund* |
Before Taxes |
-6.23% |
1.62% |
After Taxes on Distributions |
-6.49% |
0.89% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption |
-3.42% |
1.30% |
Investor Class shares commenced operations on September 30, 2010. |
|
|
Commodity Strategy Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
|
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Life of Fund* |
Before Taxes |
-10.64% |
-8.81% |
After Taxes on Distributions |
-10.64% |
-8.98% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption |
-6.02% |
-6.41% |
Investor Class shares commenced operations on January 3, 2012. |
|
|
Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities.
At April 1,
2014
, the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned in the aggregate less than 1% of the outstanding shares of this Class of each Fund. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:
Beneficial owners of 25% or more of this Class of a Fund are presumed to be in control of the Class for purposes of voting on certain matters submitted to shareholders.
To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class of each Fund as of such date.
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APPENDIX B
Institutional Class Performance and Ownership
Performance Information. The table below indicates the average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment of $1,000 in this Class of shares for the periods shown in each table. Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses. Performance would have been lower without subsidies.
Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested. Each Funds past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, a Funds current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted return. For the Funds performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.
About Returns After Taxes. After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions. After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares. The tax treatment of a portion of the distributions made in the current year may be recharacterized as taxable after year-end.
Absolute Return Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
|
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Life of Fund* |
Before Taxes |
-6.11% |
1.83% |
After Taxes on Distributions |
-6.37% |
1.08% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption |
-3.36% |
1.45% |
Institutional Class shares commenced operations on September 30, 2010. |
|
|
Commodity Strategy Fund |
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
|
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Life of Fund* |
Before Taxes |
-10.39% |
-8.63% |
After Taxes on Distributions |
-10.39% |
-8.80% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption |
-5.88% |
-6.27% |
Institutional Class shares commenced operations on May 25, 2011. |
|
|
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Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities.
At April 1,
2014
, the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned in the aggregate less than 1% of the outstanding shares of this Class of each Fund. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:
Beneficial owners of 25% or more of this Class of a Fund are presumed to be in control of the Class for purposes of voting on certain matters submitted to shareholders.
To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class of each Fund as of such date.
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APPENDIX C
RATINGS
The ratings indicated herein are believed to be the most recent ratings available at the date of this SAI for the securities listed. Ratings are generally given to securities at the time of issuance. While the rating agencies may from time to time revise such ratings, they undertake no obligation to do so, and the ratings indicated do not necessarily represent ratings which would be given to these securities on a particular date.
MOODYS INVESTORS SERVICE, INC. (Moodys)
Ratings assigned on
Moodys
global
long-term
and short-term rating scales are forward-looking
opinions of the relative credit
risks
of
financial obligations issued by non-financial corporates, financial institutions, structured finance vehicles, project finance vehicles, and public sector entities. Long-term ratings are assigned to issuers or
obligations with an original maturity of one year or more
and reflect both
on
the likelihood of
a
default
on contractually promised payments and the expected
financial loss suffered in the event of default.
Short-term ratings are assigned to obligations with an original maturity of thirteen months or less and reflect the likelihood of a default on contractually promised payments.
GLOBAL LONG-TERM RATINGS SCALE
Aaa:
Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality,
subject to the lowest level of
credit risk.
Aa: Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low risk.
A: Obligations rated A are considered upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.
Baa:
Obligations rated Baa are
judged to be medium-grade and
subject to moderate credit risk
and a
such may possess certain speculative characteristics.
Ba:
Obligations rated Ba are judged to
be
speculative
and are subject to substantial credit risk.
B: Obligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.
Caa: Obligations rated Caa are judged to be speculative of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.
Ca: Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.
C:
Obligations rated C are the lowest rated
and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.
Note: Moodys appends numerical modifiers, 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category.
GLOBAL
SHORT-TERM
RATING SCALE
Moodys short term ratings are opinions of the ability of issuers to honor short-term financial obligations. Ratings may be assigned to issuers, short-term programs or to individual short-term debt instruments. Such obligations generally have an original maturity not exceeding thirteen months, unless explicitly noted.
P-1: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-1 have a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-2: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 have a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-3: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-3 have an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations.
NP: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime ratings categories.
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ISSUER RATINGS
Issuer Ratings are opinions of the ability of entities to honor senior unsecured financial
counterparty obligations and contracts. As such, Issuer Ratings incorporate any external support that is expected to apply to all current and future issuance of senior unsecured financial obligations and contracts, such as explicit support stemming from a guarantee of all senior unsecured financial obligations and contracts, and/or implicit support for issuers subject to joint default analysis (e.g. banks and government-related issuers). Issuer Ratings do not incorporate support arrangements, such as guarantees, that apply only to specific (but not to all) senior unsecured financial obligations and contracts.
US MUNICIPAL SHORT-TERM OBLIGATION RATINGS AND DEMAND OBLIGATION RATINGS
SHORT-TERM OBLIGATION RATINGS
While the global short-term prime
rating
scale is applied to US municipal tax-exempt commercial paper, these programs are typically backed by external letters of credit or liquidity facilities and their short-term prime ratings usually map to the long-term rating of the enhancing bank or financial institution and not to the municipalitys rating. Other
short-term municipal obligations
, which generally have different funding sources for repayment,
are
rated using two additional short-term rating scales (i.e., the MIG and VMIG scales discussed below).
The
Municipal Investment Grade (MIG)
scale is used to rate US municipal bond anticipation notes of up to three years maturity. Municipal notes rated on the MIG scale may be secured by either pledged revenues or proceeds of a take-out financing received prior to note maturity. MIG ratings expire at the maturity of the obligation, and the issuers long-term rating is only one consideration in assigning the MIG rating. MIG ratings are
divided into three levels
MIG 1 through MIG 3
while speculative grade
short-term obligations
are designated SG
.
MIG 1
This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by established cash flows, highly reliable liquidity support, or demonstrated broad-
based
access to the market for refinancing.
MIG 2
This designation denotes strong credit quality. Margins of protection are ample, although not as large as in the preceding group.
MIG 3
This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Liquidity and cash-flow protection may be narrow, and market access for refinancing is likely to be less well-established.
SG
This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Debt instruments in this category may lack sufficient margins
of
protection.
Demand Obligation Ratings
In the case of variable rate demand obligations (VRDOs), a two-component rating is assigned; a long or short-term rating and demand obligation rating. The first element represents Moodys evaluation of the degree of risk associated with scheduled principal and interest payments. The second element represents Moodys evaluation of the degree of risk associated with the ability to receive purchase price upon demand (demand feature),
The second element uses a rating from
a variation of the MIG
scale
called
the Variable Municipal Investment Grade
(
VMIG
) scale. The
rating
transitions on the VMIG scale, as shown in the diagram below, differ from those on the Prime scale to reflect the risk that external liquidity support generally will terminate if the issuers long-term rating drops below investment grade.
VMIG 1:
This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by the superior short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
VMIG 2: This designation denotes strong credit quality. Good protection is afforded by the strong short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
VMIG 3: This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Adequate protection is afforded by the satisfactory short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
SG: This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Demand features rated in this category may be supported by a liquidity provider that does not have an investment grade short-term rating or may lack the structural and/or legal protections necessary to ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
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STANDARD & POORS RATINGS
SERVICES
(S&P)
ISSUE CREDIT RATINGS DEFINITIONS
A Standard & Poor's issue credit rating is a forward-looking opinion about the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific financial obligation, a specific class of financial obligations, or a specific financial program (including ratings on medium-term note programs and commercial paper programs). It takes into consideration the creditworthiness of guarantors, insurers, or other forms of credit enhancement on the obligation and takes into account the currency in which the obligation is denominated. The opinion reflects Standard & Poor's view of the obligor's capacity and willingness to meet its financial commitments as they come due, and may assess terms, such as collateral security and subordination, which could affect ultimate payment in the event of default.
Issue credit ratings can be either long
-term
or short
-
term. Short-term ratings are generally assigned to those obligations considered short-term in the relevant market. In the U.S., for example, that means obligations with an original maturity of no more than 365 days
including commercial paper. Short-term ratings are also used to
indicate
the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to put
features on long-term obligations.
Medium-term notes are assigned long-term ratings.
LONG-TERM ISSUE CREDIT RATINGS:
Issue credit ratings are based , in varying degrees , on Standard & Poor's analysis of the following considerations:
·
Likelihood of payment
—
capacity and willingness of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on an obligation in accordance with the terms of the obligation
;
·
Nature of and provisions of the
obligation;, and the promise we impute.
·
Protection afforded by, and relative position of, the obligation in the event of bankruptcy, reorganization, or other arrangement under the laws of bankruptcy and other laws affecting
creditors'
rights. Issue ratings are an assessment of default risk, but may incorporate an assessment of relative seniority or ultimate recovery in the event of default. Junior obligations are typically rated lower than senior obligations, to reflect the lower priority in bankruptcy, as noted above. (Such differentiation may apply when an entity has both senior and subordinated obligations, secured and unsecured obligations, or operating company and holding company obligations.)
AAA:
An obligation rated AAA has the highest rating assigned by S&P. The obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.
AA: An obligation rated AA differs from the highest-rated obligors only to a small degree. The obligors capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is very strong.
A: An obligation rated A is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is still strong.
BBB: An obligation rated BBB exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
BB, B, CCC, CC and C
Obligations rated BB, B, CCC, CC, and C are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. BB indicates the least degree of speculation and C the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.
BB: An obligation rated BB is less vulnerable to non-payment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligors inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B: An obligation rated B is more vulnerable than obligations rated BB, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse business, financial or economic conditions will likely impair the obligors capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
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CCC: An obligation rated CCC is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial or, economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CC: An obligation rated CC is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The 'CC' rating is used when a default has not yet occurred, but Standard & Poor's expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default.
C:
An
obligation rated
'C'
is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment
, and the
obligation
is expected to have lower relative seniority or lower ultimate recovery compared
to
obligations
that
are rated higher
.
D:
An
obligation rated
'D'
is in
default
or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the 'D'
rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due
, unless
Standard & Poor's
believes that such payments will be made
within five business days in the absence of a stated grace period or within the earlier of the stated
grace period
or 30 calendar days.
The
'D'
rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of
similar action
and where default
on an obligation
is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation's rating is lowered to 'D' if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.
NR: This indicates that no rating has been requested,
or
that there is insufficient information on which to base a rating, or that
Standard & Poor's
does not rate a particular obligation as a matter of policy.
*The ratings from 'AA' to 'CCC' may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.
SHORT-TERM ISSUE CREDIT RATINGS
A-1: A short-term obligation rated A-1 is rated in the highest category by S&P. The obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitments on these obligation is extremely strong.
A-2: A short-term obligation rated A-2 is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is satisfactory.
A-3: A short-term obligation rated A-3 exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B:
A short-term obligation rated B is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics.
The obligor currently has the capacity to
meet its financial
commitments
; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the
obligor's
inadequate capacity to meet its financial
commitments
.
C:
A short-term obligation rated C is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
D:
A short-term obligation rated
'D'
is in
default
or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the 'D'
rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due
, unless
Standard & Poor's
believes that such payments will be made
within any stated grace period. However, any stated
grace period
longer than five business days will be treated as five business days. The 'D'
rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action
and where default
on an obligation
is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation's rating is lowered to 'D' if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer
.
ISSUER CREDIT RATINGS DEFINITIONS
Standard & Poor's issuer credit rating is a forward-looking opinion about an obligor's overall creditworthiness. This opinion focuses on the obligor's capacity and willingness to meet its financial commitments as they come due. It does not apply to any specific financial obligation, as it does not take into account the nature of and provisions of the obligation, its standing in bankruptcy or liquidation, statutory preferences, or the legality and enforceability of the obligation. Counterparty credit ratings, corporate credit ratings and sovereign credit ratings are all forms of issuer credit ratings.
Issuer credit ratings can be either long-term or short-term.
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LONG-TERM ISSUER CREDIT RATINGS
AAA: An obligor rated AAA has extremely strong capacity to meet its financial commitments. AAA is the highest issuer credit rating assigned by S&P.
AA: An obligor rated AA has very strong capacity to meet its financial commitments. It differs from the highest-rated obligors only to a small degree.
A: An obligor rated A has strong capacity to meet its financial commitments but is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligors in higher-rated categories.
BBB: An obligor rated BBB has adequate capacity to meet its financial commitments. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitments.
BB, B, CCC and CC
Obligors rated BB, B, CCC, and CC are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. BB indicates the least degree of speculation and CC the highest. While such obligors will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.
BB: An obligor BB is less vulnerable in the near term than other lower-rated obligors. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties and exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligors inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.
B: An obligor rated B is more vulnerable than the obligors rated BB, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligors capacity or willingness to meets its financial commitments.
CCC: An obligor rated CCC is currently vulnerable, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions to meet its financial commitments.
CC: An obligor rated CC is currently highly vulnerable. The 'CC' rating is used when a default has not yet occurred, but Standard & Poor's expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default.
R:
An obligor rated
'R'
is under regulatory supervision owing to its financial condition. During the pendency of the regulatory supervision the regulators may have the power to favor one class of obligations over others or pay some obligations and not others.
SD and D
:
An obligor rated
'SD'
(selective default) or
'D' is in default on
one or more of its
financial
obligations
including
rated
and
unrated
financial obligations but excluding hybrid instruments classified as regulatory capital or in non-payment according to terms. An obligor is considered in default unless Standard & Poor's believes that such payments will be made within five business days of the
due
date in the absence of a stated grace period,or within the earlier of the stated grace period or 30 calendar days.
A
'D'
rating is assigned when
Standard & Poor's
believes that the default will be a general default and that the obligor will fail to pay all or substantially all of its obligations as they come due. An
'SD'
rating is assigned when
Standard &
Poor's
believes that the obligor has selectively defaulted on a specific issue or class of obligations but it will continue to meet its payment obligations on other issues or classes of obligations in a timely manner.
An obligor's rating is lowered to 'D' or 'SD' if it is conducting a distressed exchange offer
.
NR: An issuer designated NR is not rated.
Plus (+) or Minus (-): The ratings from AA to CCC may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.
SHORT-TERM ISSUER CREDIT RATINGS
A-1: An obligor rated A-1 has strong capacity to meet its financial commitments. It is rated in the highest category by S&P. Within this category, certain obligors are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitments is extremely strong.
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A-2: An obligor rated A-2 has satisfactory capacity to meet its financial commitments. However, it is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligors in the highest rating category.
A-3: An obligor rated A-3 has adequate capacity to meet its financial obligations. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitments.
B: An obligor rated B is regarded as vulnerable and has significant speculative characteristics. Ratings B-1, B-2, and B-3 may be assigned to indicate finer distinctions within the B category. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligors inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.
C:
An obligor rated
'C'
is currently vulnerable to nonpayment
that would result in a 'SD' or 'D' issuer rating,
and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for it to meet its financial commitments.
R:
An obligor rated R is under regulatory supervision owing to its financial condition. During the pendency of the regulatory supervision the regulators may have the power to favor one class of obligations over others or pay some obligations and not others.
SD and D:
An obligor rated
'SD'
(selective default) or
'D'
has failed to pay one or more of its
financial
obligations (rated or unrated
), excluding hybrid instruments classified as regulatory capital or in nonpayment according to terms,
when it came due.
An obligor
is
considered in default unless Standard & Poor's believes that such payments will be made within any stated grace period. However, any stated grace period longer than five business days will be treated as five business days. A 'D' rating is assigned when Standard & Poor's
believes that the default will be a general default and that the obligor will fail to pay all or substantially all of its obligations as they come due. An
'SD'
rating is assigned when
Standard & Poor's
believes that the obligor has selectively defaulted on a specific issue or class of obligations
, excluding hybrid instruments classified as regulatory capital,
but it will continue to meet its payment obligations on other issues or classes of obligations in a timely manner.
An obligor's rating is lowered to 'D'
or
'SD' if it is conducting a distressed exchange offer
.
NR: An issuer designated as NR is not rated.
MUNICIPAL SHORT-TERM NOTE RATINGS
SHORT-TERM NOTES:
An S&P U.S. municipal note ratings reflects the liquidity factors and market access risks unique to notes. Notes due in three years or less will likely receive a note rating. Notes maturing beyond three years will most likely receive a long-term debt rating.
In determining which type of rating, if any, to assign, Standard & Poor's analysis will review the following considerations:
Amortization schedule--the larger the final maturity relative to other maturities, the more likely it will be treated as a note; and Source of payment--the more dependent the issue is on the market for its refinancing, the more likely it will be treated as a note.
Municipal Short-Term Note rating symbols are as follows:
SP-1: Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. An issue determined to possess a very strong capacity to pay debt will be given a plus(+) designation.
SP-2: Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over the term of the notes.
SP-3: Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.
FITCH RATINGS
LONG-TERM CREDIT RATINGS
Investment Grade
AAA: Highest credit quality AAA ratings denote the lowest expectation of credit risk. They are assigned only in case of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. The capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.
AA: Very high credit quality. AA ratings denote expectations of very low credit risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.
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A: High credit quality. A ratings denote expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. The capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to changes in circumstances or in economic conditions that is the case for higher ratings.
BBB:
'BBB'
ratings indicate that
expectations of
default
risk
are currently low.
The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse
business or
economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity.
BB: Speculative.
'BB'
ratings indicate
an elevated vulnerability to default
risk
, particularly
in
the
event
of adverse
changes in business or
economic
conditions
over time
.
B: Highly speculative.
B'
ratings indicate that
material default
risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is
vulnerable to deterioration in the
business and economic environment.
CCC:
Substantial credit risk.
Default is a real possibility.
CC:.
Very high
levels of
credit risk.
Default of some kind appears probable.
C:
Exceptionally high levels of credit risk.
Default appears
imminent
or inevitable
.
D:
Indicates
a default.
Default generally is defined as one of the following:
· failure
to make
payment of principal and/or interest under the contractual terms of
the rated
obligation;
· the bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other winding-up or cessation of the business of an issuer/ obligor; or
·
the distressed
exchange of an obligation, where creditors were offered securities with diminished structural or economic terms compared with the existing obligation
to avoid a probable payment default.
Notes to Long-Term ratings:
The modifiers + or - may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the AAA Long-term rating category, to categories below CCC, or to Short-term ratings other than F1. (The +/- modifiers are only used to denote issues within the CCC category, whereas issuers are only rated CCC without the use of modifiers.)
Short-Term Credit Ratings Assigned to Obligations in Corporate, Public and Structured Finance
A short-term issuer or obligation rating is based in all cases on the short-term vulnerability to default of the rated entity or security stream and relates to the capacity to meet financial obligations in accordance with the documentation governing the relevant obligation. Short-Term Ratings are assigned to obligations whose initial maturity is viewed as short term based on market convention. Typically, this means up to 13 months for corporate, sovereign, and structured obligations, and up to 36 months for obligations in U.S. public finance markets.
F1: Highest short-term credit quality . Indicates the strongest intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added + to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.
F2:
Good
short-term
credit quality.
Good intrinsic
capacity for timely payment of financial commitments
.
F3:
Fair
short-term
credit quality. The
intrinsic
capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate
.
B:
Speculative
short-term credit quality.
Minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus vulnerability to near term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.
C:
High
short-term
default risk.
Default is a real possibility.
RD: Restricted default.
Indicates an entity
that has defaulted on
one or more
of its financial
commitments, although it continues to meet other financial
obligations.
Typically applicable
to
entity
ratings
only.
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D: Indicates a broad-based default event for an entity, or the default of a short-term obligation.
DESCRIPTION OF INSURANCE FINANCIAL STRENGTH RATINGS
Moodys Investors Service, Inc. Insurance Financial Strength Ratings
Moodys Insurance Financial Strength Ratings are opinions of the ability of insurance companies to repay punctually senior policyholder claims and obligations
and also reflect the expected financial loss suffered in the event of default .
Specific obligations are considered unrated unless they are individually rated because the standing of a particular insurance obligation would depend on an assessment of its relative standing under those laws governing both the obligation and the insurance company.
Standard & Poors Insurance Financial Strength Ratings
A
Standard & Poor's
insurer financial strength rating is a
forward-looking
opinion
about
the financial security characteristics of an insurance organization with respect to its ability to pay under its insurance policies and contracts in accordance with their terms. Insurer financial strength ratings are also assigned to health maintenance organizations and similar health plans with respect to their ability to pay under their policies and contracts in accordance with their terms. This opinion is not specific to any particular policy or contract, nor does it address the suitability of a particular policy or contract for a specific purpose or purchaser. Furthermore, the opinion does not take into account deductibles, surrender or cancellation penalties, timeliness of payment, nor the likelihood of the use of a defense such as fraud to deny claims.
Insurer financial strength ratings do not refer to an organization's ability to meet nonpolicy (i.e., debt) obligations.
Assignment of ratings to debt issued by insurers or to debt issues that are fully or partially supported by insurance policies, contracts, or guarantees is a separate process from the determination of insurer financial strength ratings, and follows procedures consistent with
those used to assign an
issue credit rating
. An
insurer financial strength
rating is
not a recommendation to purchase or discontinue any policy or contract issued by an insurer
.
Long-Term
Insurer Financial Strength Ratings
-Term
Insurer Financial Strength
Ratings*
Category Definition
AAA
An insurer rated 'AAA' has extremely strong financial security characteristics. 'AAA' is the highest insurer financial strength rating assigned by Standard & Poor's.
AA
An insurer rated 'AA' has very strong financial security characteristics, differing only slightly from those rated higher.
A
An insurer rated 'A' has strong financial security characteristics, but is somewhat more likely to be affected by adverse business conditions than are insurers with higher ratings.
BBB
An insurer rated 'BBB' has good financial security characteristics, but is more likely to be affected by adverse business conditions than are higher-rated insurers.
BB; CCC; and CC
An insurer rated 'BB' or lower is regarded as having vulnerable characteristics that may outweigh its strengths. 'BB' indicates the least degree of vulnerability within the range; 'CC' the highest.
BB
An insurer rated 'BB' has marginal financial security characteristics. Positive attributes exist, but adverse business conditions could lead to insufficient ability to meet financial commitments.
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B
An insurer rated 'B' has weak financial security characteristics. Adverse business conditions will likely impair its ability to meet
financial commitments.
CCC
An insurer rated 'CCC' has very weak financial security characteristics, and is dependent on favorable business conditions to meet
financial commitments.
CC
An insurer rated 'CC' has extremely weak financial security characteristics and is likely not to meet some of its financial
commitments.
SD or D
An insurer rated 'SD' (selective default) or 'D' is in default on one or more of its insurance policy obligations but is not under regulatory supervision that would involve a rating of 'R'. The 'D' rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action if payments on a policy obligation are at risk. A 'D' rating is assigned when Standard & Poor's believes that the default will be a general default and that the obligor will fail to pay substantially all of its obligations in full in accordance with the policy terms. An 'SD' rating is assigned when Standard & Poor's believes that the insurer has selectively defaulted on a specific class of policies but it will continue to meet its payment obligations on other classes of obligations. A selective default includes the completion of a distressed exchange offer. Claim denials due to lack of coverage or other legally permitted defenses are not considered defaults.
R
An insurer rated 'R' is under regulatory supervision owing to its financial condition. During the pendency of the regulatory supervision, the regulators may have the power to favor one class of obligations over others or pay some obligations and not others. The rating does not apply to insurers subject only to nonfinancial actions such as market conduct violations.
NR
An insurer designated 'NR' is not rated, which implies no opinion about the insurer's financial security.
*Ratings from 'AA' to 'CCC' may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.
Fitch Insurer Financial Strength Rating
The Insurer Financial Strength (
IFS
)
Rating provides an assessment of the financial strength of an insurance organization. The IFS Rating is assigned to the insurance
company's
policyholder obligations, including assumed reinsurance obligations and contract holder obligations, such as guaranteed investment contracts. The IFS Rating reflects both the ability of the insurer to meet these obligations on a timely basis, and expected recoveries received by claimants in the event the insurer stops making payments or payments are interrupted, due to either the failure of the insurer or some form of regulatory intervention. In the context of the IFS Rating, the timeliness of payments is considered relative to both contract and/or policy terms but also recognizes the possibility of reasonable delays caused by circumstances common to the insurance industry, including claims reviews, fraud investigations and coverage disputes.
The IFS Rating does not encompass policyholder obligations residing in separate accounts, unit-linked products or segregated funds, for which the policyholder bears investment or other risks. However, any guarantees provided to the policyholder with respect to such obligations are included in the IFS Rating.
Expected recoveries are based on
the agency's
assessments of the sufficiency of an insurance
company's
assets to fund policyholder obligations, in a scenario in which payments have
ceased or
been
interrupted. Accordingly, expected recoveries exclude the impact of recoveries obtained from any government sponsored guaranty or policyholder protection funds. Expected recoveries also exclude the impact of
collateralization
or security, such as letters of credit or trusteed assets, supporting select reinsurance obligations.
IFS Ratings can be assigned to insurance and reinsurance companies in any insurance sector, including the life & annuity, non-life, property/casualty, health, mortgage, financial guaranty, residual value and title insurance sectors, as well as to managed care companies such as health maintenance organizations.
The IFS Rating does not address the quality of an
insurer's
claims handling services or the relative value of products sold.
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The
IFS Rating
uses the same symbols used by the agency for its International and National credit ratings of long-term or short-term debt issues. However, the definitions associated with the ratings reflect the unique aspects of the
IFS Rating
within an insurance industry context.
Obligations for which a payment interruption has occurred due to either the insolvency or failure of the insurer or some form of regulatory intervention will generally be rated between 'B' and 'C' on the Long-Term IFS Rating scales (both International and National). International Short-Term IFS Ratings
assigned
under the same circumstances will align with the insurer's International Long-Term IFS Rating.
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APPENDIX D
Eaton Vance Funds
Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures
I. Overview
The Boards of Trustees (the
“
Board
”
) of the Eaton Vance
Funds
1
have determined that it is in the interests of the Funds
’
shareholders to adopt these written proxy voting policy and procedures (the
“
Policy
”
). For purposes of this Policy:
•
“ Fund ” means each registered investment company sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization; and
•
“ Adviser ” means the adviser or sub-adviser responsible for the day-to-day management of all or a portion of the Fund ’ s assets.
II. Delegation of Proxy Voting Responsibilities
The Board hereby delegates to the Adviser responsibility for voting the Funds proxies as described in this Policy. In this connection, the Adviser is required to provide the Board with a copy of its proxy voting policies and procedures (Adviser Procedures) and all Fund proxies will be voted in accordance with the Adviser Procedures, provided that in the event a material conflict of interest arises with respect to a proxy to be voted for the Fund (as described in Section IV below) the Adviser shall follow the process for voting such proxy as described in Section IV below.
The Adviser is required to report any material change to the Adviser Procedures to the Board in the manner set forth in Section V below. In addition, the Board will review the Adviser Procedures annually.
III. Delegation of Proxy Voting Disclosure Responsibilities
Pursuant to Rule 30b1-4 promulgated under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “ 1940 Act ” ), the Fund is required to file Form N-PX no later than August 31st of each year. On Form N-PX, the Fund is required to disclose, among other things, information concerning proxies relating to the Funds portfolio investments, whether or not the Fund (or its Adviser) voted the proxies relating to securities held by the Fund and how it voted on the matter and whether it voted for or against management.
To facilitate the filing of Form N-PX for the Fund:
The Adviser is required to record, compile and transmit in a timely manner all data required to be filed on Form N-PX for the Fund that it manages. Such data shall be transmitted to Eaton Vance Management, which acts as administrator to the Fund (the Administrator) or the third party service provider designated by the Administrator; and
the Administrator is required to file Form N-PX on behalf of the Fund with the Securities and Exchange Commission (Commission) as required by the 1940 Act. The Administrator may delegate the filing to a third party service party provided each such filing is reviewed and approved by the Administrator.
IV. Conflicts of Interest
The Board expects the Adviser, as a fiduciary to the Fund it manages, to put the interests of the Fund and its shareholders above those of the Adviser. When required to vote a proxy for the Fund, the Adviser may have material business relationships with the issuer soliciting the proxy that could give rise to a potential material conflict of interest for the Adviser.
2
In the event such a material conflict of interest arises , the Adviser, to the extent it is aware or reasonably should have been aware of the material conflict, will refrain from voting any proxies related to companies giving rise to such material conflict until it notifies and consults with the appropriate Board, or any committee, sub-committee or group of Independent Trustees identified by the Board (as long as such committee, sub-committee or group contains at least two or more Independent Trustees) (the Board Members), concerning the material conflict.
3
For ease of communicating with the Board Members, the Adviser is required to provide the foregoing notice to the Funds Chief Legal Officer who will then notify and facilitate a consultation with the Board Members.
Once the Board Members have been notified of the material conflict:
They shall convene a meeting to review and consider all relevant materials related to the proxies involved. This meeting shall be convened within 3 business days, provided that it an effort will be made to convene the meeting sooner if the proxy must be voted in less than 3 business days;
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In considering such proxies, the Adviser shall make available all materials requested by the Board Members and make reasonably available appropriate personnel to discuss the matter upon request.
The Board Members will then instruct the Adviser on the appropriate course of action with respect to the proxy at issue.
If the Board Members are unable to meet and the failure to vote a proxy would have a material adverse impact on the Fund(s) involved, the Adviser will have the right to vote such proxy, provided that it discloses the existence of the material conflict to the Chairman of the Board as soon as practicable and to the Board at its next meeting. Any determination regarding the voting of proxies of the Fund that is made by the Board Members shall be deemed to be a good faith determination regarding the voting of proxies by the full Board.
V. Reports and Review
The Administrator shall make copies of each Form N-PX filed on behalf of the Fund available for the Boards ’ review upon the Board ’ ’ request. The Administrator (with input from the Adviser for the Fund) shall also provide any reports reasonably requested by the Board regarding the proxy voting records of the Fund.
The Adviser shall report any material changes to the Adviser Procedures to the Board as soon as practicable and the Boards will review the Adviser Procedures annually.
The Adviser also shall report any changes to the Adviser Procedures to the Fund Chief Legal Officer prior to implementing such changes in order to enable the Administrator to effectively coordinate the Funds disclosure relating to the Adviser Procedures.
To the extent requested by the Commission, the Policy and the Adviser Procedures shall be appended to the Funds statement of additional information included in its registration statement.
_____________________
1
The Eaton Vance Funds may be organized as trusts or corporations. For ease of reference, the Funds may be referred to herein as Trusts and the Funds Board of Trustees or Board of Directors may be referred to collectively herein as the Board.
2
An Adviser is expected to maintain a process for identifying a potential material conflict of interest. As an example only, such potential conflicts may arise when the issuer is a client of the Adviser and generates a significant
amount
of fees to the Adviser or the issuer is a distributor of the Advisers products.
3
If a material conflict of interest exists with respect to a particular proxy and the proxy voting procedures of the relevant Adviser require that proxies are to be voted in accordance with the recommendation of a third party proxy voting vendor, the requirements of this Section IV shall only apply if the Adviser intends to vote such proxy in a manner inconsistent with such third party recommendation.
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APPENDIX E
EATON VANCE MANAGEMENT
BOSTON MANAGEMENT AND RESEARCH
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
I. Introduction
Eaton Vance Management, Boston Management and Research and Eaton Vance Investment Counsel (each an Adviser and collectively the Advisers) have each adopted and implemented policies and procedures that each Adviser believes are reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best interest of clients, in accordance with its fiduciary duties and Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. The Advisers authority to vote the proxies of their clients is established by their advisory contracts or similar documentation, such as the Eaton Vance Funds Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures. These proxy policies and procedures reflect the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requirements governing advisers and the long-standing fiduciary standards and responsibilities for ERISA accounts set out in the Department of Labor Bulletin 94-2 C.F.R. 2509.94-2 (July 29, 1994).
II. Overview
Each Adviser manages its clients assets with the overriding goal of seeking to provide the greatest possible return to such clients consistent with governing laws and the investment policies of each client. In pursuing that goal, each Adviser seeks to exercise its clients rights as shareholders of voting securities to support sound corporate governance of the companies issuing those securities with the principle aim of maintaining or enhancing the companies economic value.
The exercise of shareholder rights is generally done by casting votes by proxy at shareholder meetings on matters submitted to shareholders for approval (for example, the election of directors or the approval of a companys stock option plans for directors, officers or employees). Each Adviser is adopting the formal written Guidelines described in detail below and will utilize such Guidelines in voting proxies on behalf of its clients. These Guidelines are designed to promote accountability of a companys management and board of directors to its shareholders and to align the interests of management with those of shareholders.
Each Adviser will vote any proxies received by a client for which it has sole investment discretion through a third-party proxy voting service (Agent) in accordance with customized policies, as approved by the Boards of Trustees of the Eaton Vance Funds and, with respect to proxies referred back to the Adviser by the Agent pursuant to the Guidelines, in a manner that is reasonably designed to eliminate any potential conflicts of interest, as described more fully below. The Agent is currently Institutional Shareholder Services Inc. Proxies will be voted in accordance with client-specific guidelines and an Eaton Vance Funds sub-advisers proxy voting policies and procedures, if applicable.
No set of guidelines can anticipate all situations that may arise. In special cases, the Proxy Administrator (the person specifically charged with the responsibility to oversee the Agent and coordinate the voting of proxies referred back to the Adviser by the Agent) may seek insight from the Proxy Group established by the Advisers. The Proxy Group will assist in the review of the Agents recommendation when a proxy voting issue is referred to the Proxy Group through the Proxy Administrator. The members of the Proxy Group, which may include employees of the Advisers affiliates, may change at the Advisers discretion.
III. Roles and Responsibilities
A. Proxy Administrator
The Proxy Administrator will assist in the coordination of the voting of each clients proxy in accordance with the Guidelines below and the Funds Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures. The Proxy Administrator is authorized to direct the Agent to vote a proxy in accordance with the Guidelines. Responsibilities assigned herein to the Proxy Administrator, or activities in support thereof, may be performed by such members of the Proxy Group or employees of the Advisers affiliates as are deemed appropriate by the Proxy Group.
B. Agent
An independent proxy voting service (the Agent), as approved by the Board of each Fund, shall be engaged to assist in the voting of proxies. The Agent is currently Institutional Shareholder Services Inc. The Agent is responsible for coordinating with the clients custodians and the Advisers to ensure that all proxy materials received by the custodians relating to the portfolio securities are processed in a timely fashion. The Agent is required to vote and/or refer all proxies in accordance with the Guidelines below. The Agent shall retain a record of all proxy votes handled by the Agent. Such record must reflect all of
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the information required to be disclosed in a Funds Form N-PX pursuant to Rule 30b1-4 under the Investment Company Act of 1940. In addition, the Agent is responsible for maintaining copies of all proxy statements received by issuers and to promptly provide such materials to an Adviser upon request.
Subject to the oversight of the Advisers, the Agent shall establish and maintain adequate internal controls and policies in connection with the provision of proxy voting services to the Advisers, including methods to reasonably ensure that its analysis and recommendations are not influenced by a conflict of interest, and shall disclose such controls and policies to the Advisers when and as provided for herein. Unless otherwise specified, references herein to recommendations of the Agent shall refer to those in which no conflict of interest has been identified.
C. Proxy Group
The Adviser shall establish a Proxy Group which shall assist in the review of the Agents recommendations when a proxy voting issue has been referred to the Proxy Administrator by the Agent. The members of the Proxy Group, which may include employees of the Advisers affiliates, may be amended from time to time at the Advisers discretion.
For each proposal referred to the Proxy Group, the Proxy Group will review the (i) Guidelines, (ii) recommendations of the Agent, and (iii) any other resources that any member of the Proxy Group deems appropriate to aid in a determination of the recommendation.
If the Proxy Group recommends a vote in accordance with the Guidelines, or the recommendation of the Agent, where applicable, it shall instruct the Proxy Administrator to so advise the Agent.
If the Proxy Group recommends a vote contrary to the Guidelines, or the recommendation of the Agent, where applicable, or if the proxy statement relates to a conflicted company of the Agent, as determined by the Advisers, it shall follow the procedures for such voting outlined below.
The Proxy Administrator shall use best efforts to convene the Proxy Group with respect to all matters requiring its consideration. In the event the Proxy Group cannot meet in a timely manner in connection with a voting deadline, the Proxy Administrator shall follow the procedures for such voting outlined below.
IV. Proxy Voting Guidelines (Guidelines)
A. General Policies
It shall generally be the policy of the Advisers to take no action on a proxy for which no client holds a position or otherwise maintains an economic interest in the relevant security at the time the vote is to be cast.
In all cases except those highlighted below, it shall generally be the policy of the Advisers to vote in accordance with the recommendation by the Agent, Institutional Shareholder Services Inc.
When a fund client participates in the lending of its securities and the securities are on loan at the record date, proxies related to such securities generally will not be forwarded to the relevant Adviser by the funds custodian and therefore will not be voted. In the event that the Adviser determines that the matters involved would have a material effect on the applicable funds investment in the loaned securities, the fund will exercise its best efforts to terminate the loan in time to be able to cast such vote or exercise such consent.
Interpretation and application of these Guidelines is not intended to supersede any law, regulation, binding agreement or other legal requirement to which an issuer may be or become subject. The Guidelines relate to the types of proposals that are most frequently presented in proxy statements to shareholders. Absent unusual circumstances, each Adviser will utilize these Guidelines when voting proxies on behalf of its clients. The Guidelines may be revised at any time, provided such revisions are reported to the Boards of Trustees of the Eaton Vance Funds.
B. Proposals Regarding Mergers and Corporate Restructurings
The Agent shall be directed to refer proxy proposals accompanied by its written analysis and voting recommendation to the Proxy Administrator for all proposals relating to Mergers and Corporate Restructurings.
C. Proposals Regarding Mutual Fund Proxies Disposition of Assets/Termination/Liquidation and Mergers
The Agent shall be directed to refer proxy proposals accompanied by its written analysis and voting recommendation to the Proxy Administrator for all proposals relating to the Disposition of Assets/Termination/Liquidation and Mergers contained in mutual fund proxies.
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D. Corporate Structure Matters/Anti-Takeover Defenses
As a general matter, the Advisers will normally vote against anti-takeover measures and other proposals designed to limit the ability of shareholders to act on possible transactions (except in the case of closed-end management investment companies).
E. Social and Environmental Issues
The Advisers generally support management on social and environmental proposals.
F. Voting Procedures
Upon receipt of a referral from the Agent or upon advice from an Eaton Vance investment professional, the Proxy Administrator may solicit additional research from the Agent, as well as from any other source or service.
1
WITHIN-GUIDELINES VOTES: Votes in Accordance with the Guidelines and/or, where applicable, Agent Recommendation
In the event the Proxy Administrator recommends a vote within Guidelines and/or, where applicable, in accordance with the Agents recommendation, the Proxy Administrator will instruct the Agent to vote in this manner.
2
NON-VOTES: Votes in Which No Action is Taken
The Proxy Administrator may recommend that a client refrain from voting under the following circumstances: (i) if the economic effect on shareholders interests or the value of the portfolio holding is indeterminable or insignificant, e.g., proxies in connection with securities no longer held in the portfolio of a client or proxies being considered on behalf of a client that is no longer in existence; or (ii) if the cost of voting a proxy outweighs the benefits, e.g., certain international proxies, particularly in cases in which share blocking practices may impose trading restrictions on the relevant portfolio security. In such instances, the Proxy Administrator may instruct the Agent not to vote such proxy.
Reasonable efforts shall be made to secure and vote all other proxies for the clients, but, particularly in markets in which shareholders rights are limited, Non-Votes may also occur in connection with a clients related inability to timely access ballots or other proxy information in connection with its portfolio securities.
Non-Votes may also result in certain cases in which the Agents recommendation has been deemed to be conflicted, as provided for herein.
3
OUT-OF-GUIDELINES VOTES: Votes Contrary to Guidelines, or Agent Recommendation, where applicable, Where No Recommendation is Provided by Agent, or Where Agents Recommendation is Conflicted
If the Proxy Administrator recommends that a client vote contrary to the Guidelines, or the recommendation of the Agent, where applicable, if the Agent has made no recommendation on a matter requiring case-by-case consideration and the Guidelines are silent, or the Agents recommendation on a matter requiring case-by-case consideration is deemed to be conflicted, the Proxy Administrator will forward the Agents analysis and recommendation and any research obtained from the Agent or any other source to the Proxy Group. The Proxy Group may consult with the Agent as it deems necessary. The Proxy Administrator will instruct the Agent to vote the proxy as recommended by the Proxy Group. The Adviser will provide a report to the Boards of Trustees of the Eaton Vance Funds reflecting any votes cast contrary to the Guidelines or Agent Recommendation, as applicable, and shall do so no less than annually.
The Proxy Administrator will maintain a record of all proxy questions that have been referred by the Agent, all applicable recommendations, analysis and research received and any resolution of the matter.
V. Recordkeeping
The Advisers will maintain records relating to the proxies they vote on behalf of their clients in accordance with Section 204-2 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. Those records will include:
A copy of the Advisers proxy voting policies and procedures;
Proxy statements received regarding client securities. Such proxy statements received from issuers are either in the SECs EDGAR database or are kept by the Agent and are available upon request;
A record of each vote cast;
A copy of any document created by the Advisers that was material to making a decision on how to vote a proxy for a client or that memorializes the basis for such a decision; and
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Each written client request for proxy voting records and the Advisers written response to any client request (whether written or oral) for such records.
All records described above will be maintained in an easily accessible place for five years and will be maintained in the offices of the Advisers or their Agent for two years after they are created.
VI. Assessment of Agent and Identification and Resolution of Conflicts with Clients
A. Assessment of Agent
The Advisers shall establish that the Agent (i) is independent from the Advisers, (ii) has resources that indicate it can competently provide analysis of proxy issues, and (iii) can make recommendations in an impartial manner and in the best interests of the clients and, where applicable, their beneficial owners. The Advisers shall utilize, and the Agent shall comply with, such methods for establishing the foregoing as the Advisers may deem reasonably appropriate and shall do so not less than annually as well as prior to engaging the services of any new proxy voting service. The Agent shall also notify the Advisers in writing within fifteen (15) calendar days of any material change to information previously provided to an Adviser in connection with establishing the Agents independence, competence or impartiality.
B. Conflicts of Interest
As fiduciaries to their clients, each Adviser puts the interests of its clients ahead of its own. In order to ensure that relevant personnel of the Advisers are able to identify potential material conflicts of interest, each Adviser will take the following steps:
Quarterly, the Eaton Vance Legal and Compliance Department will seek information from the department heads of each department of the Advisers and of Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. (EVD) (an affiliate of the Advisers and principal underwriter of certain Eaton Vance Funds). Each department head will be asked to provide a list of significant clients or prospective clients of the Advisers or EVD.
A representative of the Legal and Compliance Department will compile a list of the companies identified (the Conflicted Companies) and provide that list to the Proxy Administrator.
The Proxy Administrator will compare the list of Conflicted Companies with the names of companies for which he or she has been referred a proxy statement (the Proxy Companies). If a Conflicted Company is also a Proxy Company, the Proxy Administrator will report that fact to the Proxy Group.
If the Proxy Administrator expects to instruct the Agent to vote the proxy of the Conflicted Company strictly according to the Guidelines contained in these Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures (the Policies) or the recommendation of the Agent, as applicable, he or she will (i) inform the Proxy Group of that fact, (ii) instruct the Agent to vote the proxies and (iii) record the existence of the material conflict and the resolution of the matter.
If the Proxy Administrator intends to instruct the Agent to vote in a manner inconsistent with the Guidelines contained herein or the recommendation of the Agent, as applicable, the Proxy Group, in consultation with Eaton Vance senior management, will then determine if a material conflict of interest exists between the relevant Adviser and its clients. If the Proxy Group, in consultation with Eaton Vance senior management, determines that a material conflict exists, prior to instructing the Agent to vote any proxies relating to these Conflicted Companies the Adviser will seek instruction on how the proxy should be voted from:
The client, in the case of an individual or corporate client;
In the case of a Fund, its board of directors, any committee or sub-committee or group of Independent Trustees (as long as such committee, sub-committee or group contains at least two or more Independent Trustees); or
The adviser, in situations where the Adviser acts as a sub-adviser to such adviser.
The Adviser will provide all reasonable assistance to each party to enable such party to make an informed decision.
If the client, Fund board or adviser, as the case may be, fails to instruct the Adviser on how to vote the proxy, the Adviser will generally instruct the Agent, through the Proxy Administrator, to abstain from voting in order to avoid the appearance of impropriety. If however, the failure of the Adviser to vote its clients proxies would have a material adverse economic impact on the Advisers clients securities holdings in the Conflicted Company, the Adviser may instruct the Agent, through the Proxy Administrator, to vote such proxies in order to protect its clients interests. In either case, the Proxy Administrator will record the existence of the material conflict and the resolution of the matter.
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The Advisers shall also identify and address conflicts that may arise from time to time concerning the Agent. Upon the Advisers request, which shall be not less than annually, and within fifteen (15) calendar days of any material change to such information previously provided to an Adviser, the Agent shall provide the Advisers with such information as the Advisers deem reasonable and appropriate for use in determining material relationships of the Agent that may pose a conflict of interest with respect to the Agents proxy analysis or recommendations. Such information shall include, but is not limited to, a monthly report from the Agent detailing the Agents Corporate Securities Division clients and related revenue data. The Advisers shall review such information on a monthly basis. The Proxy Administrator shall instruct the Agent to refer any proxies for which a material conflict of the Agent is deemed to be present to the Proxy Administrator. Any such proxy referred by the Agent shall be referred to the Proxy Group for consideration accompanied by the Agents written analysis and voting recommendation. The Proxy Administrator will instruct the Agent to vote the proxy as recommended by the Proxy Group.
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APPENDIX F
PARAMETRIC PORTFOLIO ASSOCIATES
PROXY VOTING POLICY AND PROCEDURES
Introduction
Proxy voting policies and procedures are required by Rule 206(4)-6 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. Parametric Portfolio Associates Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures are effective immediately.
POLICY:
We recognize our responsibility to exercise voting authority over shares we hold as a fiduciary. Proxies increasingly contain controversial issues involving shareholder rights, corporate governance and social concerns, among others, which deserve careful review and consideration. Exercising the proxy vote has economic value for our clients, and therefore, we consider it to be our fiduciary duty to preserve and protect the assets of our clients including proxy votes for their exclusive benefit.
It is our policy to vote proxies in a prudent and diligent manner after careful review of each company's proxy statement. We vote on an individual basis and base our voting decision exclusively on our reasonable judgment of what will serve the best financial interests of our clients, the beneficial owners of the security. Where economic impact is judged to be immaterial, we typically will vote in accordance with managements recommendations. In determining our vote, we will not and do not subordinate the economic interests of our clients to any other entity or interested party.
Our responsibility for proxy voting for the shareholders of a particular client account will be determined by the investment management agreement or other documentation. Upon establishing that we have such authority, we will instruct custodians to forward all proxy materials to us.
For those clients for whom we have undertaken to vote proxies, we will retain final authority and responsibility for such voting. In addition to voting proxies, we will:
Provide clients with this proxy voting policy, which may be updated and supplemented from time to time;
Apply the policy consistently and keep records of votes for each client in order to verify the consistency of such voting;
Keep records of such proxy voting available for inspection by the client or governmental agencies to determine whether such votes were consistent with policy and demonstrate that all proxies were voted; and
Monitor such voting for any potential conflicts of interest and maintain systems to deal with these issues appropriately.
Voting Policy
Unless specifically directed in writing by the client, Parametric follows the general guidelines below with regards to voting management initiatives and shareholder initiatives.
We generally vote with management in the following cases:
Normal elections of directors
Approval of auditors/CPA
Directors liability and indemnification
General updating/corrective amendments to charter
Elimination of cumulative voting
Elimination of preemptive rights
Capitalization changes which eliminate other classes of stock and voting rights
Changes in capitalization authorization for stock splits, stock dividends, and other specified needs
Stock purchase plans with an exercise price of not less than 85% fair market value
Stock option plans that are incentive-based and are not excessive
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Reductions in supermajority vote requirements
Adoption of anti-greenmail provisions
We generally will not support management in the following initiatives:
Capitalization changes that add classes of stock which are blank check in nature or that dilute the voting interest of existing shareholders
Changes in capitalization authorization where management does not offer an appropriate rationale, or that are contrary to the best interest of existing shareholders
Anti-takeover and related provisions which serve to prevent the majority of shareholders from exercising their rights or effectively deter appropriate tender offers and other offers
Amendments to by-laws which would require super-majority shareholder votes to pass or repeal certain provisions
Classified boards of directors
Re-incorporation into a state which has more stringent anti-takeover and related provisions
Shareholder rights plans which allow appropriate offers to shareholders to be blocked by the board or trigger provisions which prevent legitimate offers from proceeding
Excessive compensation or non-salary compensation related proposals
Change-in-control provisions in non-salary compensation plans, employment contracts, and severance agreements that benefit management and would be costly to shareholders if triggered
Traditionally, shareholder proposals have been used mainly for putting social initiatives and issues in front of management and other shareholders. Under our fiduciary obligations, it is typically inappropriate to use client assets to carry out such social agendas or purposes. Therefore, shareholder proposals are examined closely for their effect on the best interest of shareholders (economic impact) and the interests of our clients, the beneficial owners of the securities. In certain cases, an alternate course of action may be chosen for a particular account if socially responsible proxy voting or shareholder activism is a component of the clients investment mandate.
When voting shareholder proposals, initiatives related to the following items are generally supported:
Auditors attendance at the annual meeting of shareholders
Election of the board on an annual basis
Equal access to proxy process
Submit shareholder rights plan poison pill to vote or redeem
Revise various anti-takeover related provisions
Reduction or elimination of super-majority vote requirements
Anti-greenmail provisions
We generally will not support shareholders in the following initiatives:
Requiring directors to own large amounts of stock before being eligible to be elected
Restoring cumulative voting in the election of directors
Reports which are costly to provide or which would require duplicative efforts or expenditures which are of a non-business nature or would provide no pertinent information from the perspective of shareholders
Restrictions related to social, political or special interest issues which impact the ability of the company to do business or be competitive and which have a significant financial or best interest impact, such as specific boycotts of restrictions based on political, special interest or international trade considerations; restrictions on political contributions; and the Valdez principals.
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On occasion, we will elect to take no action when it is determined that voting the proxy will result in share blocking, which prevents us from trading that specific security for an uncertain period of time prior to the next annual meeting. Additionally, we may take no action if the economic effect on shareholders interests or the value of the portfolio holdings is indeterminable or insignificant.
Proxy Committee
The Proxy Committee is responsible for voting proxies in accordance with Parametric Portfolio Associates Proxy Voting Policy. The committee maintains all necessary corporate meetings, executes voting authority for those meetings, and maintains records of all voting decisions.
The Proxy Committee consists of the following staff:
Proxy Administrator
Proxy Administrator Supervisor
Portfolio Management Representative
Chief Investment Officer
In the case of a conflict of interest between Parametric Portfolio Associates and its clients, the Proxy Committee will meet to discuss the appropriate action with regards to the existing voting policy or outsource the voting authority to an independent third party.
Recordkeeping
Proxy Voting records are maintained for 5 years. Records can be retrieved and accessed via our third-party vendor.
In addition to maintaining voting records, Parametric Portfolio Associates maintains the following:
Current voting policy and procedures;
All written client requests as they relate to proxy voting; and,
Any material research documentation related to proxy voting.
To Obtain Proxy Voting Information
Clients have the right to access any voting actions that were taken on their behalf. Upon request, this information will be provided free of charge.
Toll-free phone number: 1-800-211-6707
E-mail address: proxyinfo@paraport.com
Due to confidentiality, voting records will not be provided to any third party unless authorized by the client.
PROCEDURES:
These procedures should be read in connection with the Proxy Voting Policy.
All proxies must be voted when such voting authority has been authorized.
Non-routine proxies must be forwarded to the appropriate analyst/portfolio manager for review.
Analysts/portfolio managers must complete, sign and return the proxy forms.
Routine proposals will be voted in a manner consistent with the firms standard proxy voting policy and will be voted accordingly, unless notified otherwise by the analyst/portfolio manager.
Non-routine proposals (i.e., those outside the scope of the firms standard proxy voting policy) will be voted in accordance with analyst/portfolio manager guidance, and such rational will be documented via the Non-routine Proxy Voting Form (below).
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Periodically, Parametric Compliance will distribute a list of potentially Conflicted Companies to the Proxy Administrator. This list consists of corporate affiliates and significant business partners and is prepared by the Parametrics parent company Eaton Vance. When presented with proxies of Conflicted Companies, the Proxy Administrator shall:
If the Proxy Administrator expects to vote the proxy of the Conflicted Company strictly according to the guidelines contained in these Proxy Voting Policies (the Policies), she will (i) inform the CCO and Chief Investment Officer (or their designees) of that fact, (ii) vote the proxies and (iii) record the existence of the conflict and the resolution of the matter.
If the Proxy Administrator intends to vote in a manner inconsistent with the guidelines contained herein, or if the issues raised by the proxy are not contemplated by these Policies, and the matters involved in such proxy could have a material economic impact on the client(s) involved, the Proxy Administrator will seek instruction on how the proxy should be voted from members of the Proxy Committee.
If deemed necessary the Proxy Committee may seek instructions from:
The client, in the case of an individual or corporate client;
The Board of Directors, in the case of a Fund, or any committee identified by the board; or
The adviser, in situations where the adviser acts as a sub-adviser or overlay manager to such adviser.
If the client, Fund Board of Directors or adviser, as the case may be, does not instruct the adviser on how to vote the proxy, the adviser will generally vote according to the guidelines, in order to avoid the appearance of impropriety. In either case, the Proxy Administrator will record the existence of the conflict and the resolution of the matter.
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STATEMENT OF
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
May 1,
2014
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
Class A Shares - EACSX Class C Shares - ECCSX Class I Shares - EICSX
Two International Place
Boston, Massachusetts 02110
1-800-262-1122
This Statement of Additional Information (SAI) provides general information about the Fund. The Fund is a non-diversified, open-end management investment company. The Fund is a series of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust. Capitalized terms used in this SAI and not otherwise defined have the meanings given to them in the Prospectus.
This SAI contains additional information about:
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Page |
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Page |
Strategies and Risks |
2 |
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Sales Charges |
19 |
Investment Restrictions |
4 |
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Performance |
21 |
Management and Organization |
6 |
|
Taxes |
22 |
Investment Advisory and Administrative Services |
14 |
|
Portfolio Securities Transactions |
30 |
Other Service Providers |
16 |
|
Financial Statements |
32 |
Calculation of Net Asset Value |
16 |
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Additional Information About Investment Strategies |
32 |
Purchasing and Redeeming Shares |
17 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Appendix A: Class A Fees, Performance and Ownership |
63 |
|
Appendix D: Ratings |
68 |
Appendix B: Class C Fees, Performance and Ownership |
65 |
|
Appendix E: Eaton Vance Funds Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures |
77 |
Appendix C: Class I Performance and Ownership |
67 |
|
Appendix F: Armored Wolf, LLC Proxy Voting Policies, Guidelines and Procedures |
79 |
This SAI is NOT a prospectus and is authorized for distribution to prospective investors only if preceded or accompanied by the Fund Prospectus dated May 1,
2014
, as supplemented from time to time, which is incorporated herein by reference. This SAI should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus, which may be obtained by calling 1-800-262-1122.
©
2014
Eaton Vance Management
Definitions
The following terms that may be used in this SAI have the meaning set forth below:
“ 1940 Act ” means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended;
“ 1933 Act ” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended;
“ Board ” means Board of Trustees or Board of Directors, as applicable;
CEA means Commodity Exchange Act;
CFTC means the
Commodity
Futures Trading Commission;
Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended;
Eaton Vance family of funds means all registered investment companies advised, administered and/or distributed by Eaton Vance or its affiliates;
Eaton Vance funds means the mutual funds sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization;
Exchange means the New York Stock Exchange;
FINRA means the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority;
Fund means the Fund or Funds listed on the cover of this SAI unless stated otherwise;
investment adviser means the investment adviser identified in the prospectus and, with respect to the implementation of the Funds investment strategies (including as described under Taxes) and portfolio securities transactions, any sub-adviser identified in the prospectus;
IRS means the Internal Revenue Service;
Portfolio means a registered investment company (other than the Fund) sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization in which one or more Funds and other investors may invest substantially all or any portion of their assets;
Subsidiary means a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Fund or the Portfolio as described in the prospectus, if applicable;
SEC means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission; and
Trust means Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust, of which the Fund is a series.
STRATEGIES AND RISKS
The Fund prospectus identifies the types of investments in which the Fund will principally invest in seeking its investment objective(s) and the principal risks associated therewith. The categories checked in the table below are all of the investments the Fund is permitted to make, including its principal investments and the investment practices the Fund (either directly or through one or more Portfolios as may be described in the prospectus) is permitted to engage in. To the extent that an investment type or practice listed below is not identified in the Fund prospectus as a principal investment, the Fund generally expects to invest less than 5% of its total assets in such investment type. If a particular investment type that is checked and listed below but not referred to in the prospectus becomes a more significant part of the Funds strategy, the prospectus may be amended to disclose that investment. Information about the various investment types and practices and the associated risks checked below is included in alphabetical order in this SAI under Additional Information about Investment Strategies. ”
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Investment Type |
Permitted for or Relevant to the Fund |
Asset-Backed Securities ( “ ABS ” ) |
√ |
Auction Rate Securities |
√ |
Build America Bonds |
|
Call and Put Features on Obligations |
√ |
Cash Equivalents |
√ |
Collateralized Mortgage Obligations ( “ CMOs ” ) |
√ |
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities ( “ CMBS ” ) |
√ |
Commodity-Related Investments |
√ |
Common Stocks |
√ |
Convertible Securities |
√ |
Credit Linked Securities |
√ |
Derivative Instruments and Related Risks |
√ |
Direct Investments |
|
Emerging Market Investments |
√ |
Equity Investments |
√ |
Equity Linked Securities |
√ |
Exchange-Traded Funds ( “ ETFs ” ) |
√ |
Exchange-Traded Notes ( “ ETNs ” ) |
√ |
Fixed-Income Securities |
√ |
Foreign Currency Transactions |
√ |
Foreign Investments |
√ |
Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts |
√ |
Forward Rate Agreements |
√ |
Futures Contracts |
√ |
High Yield Securities |
√ |
Hybrid Instruments |
√ |
Illiquid Securities |
√ |
Indexed Securities |
√ |
Inflation-Indexed (or Inflation-Linked) Bonds |
√ |
Junior Loans |
√ |
Liquidity or Protective Put Agreements |
|
Loans |
√ |
Master Limited Partnerships ( “ MLPs ” ) |
|
Mortgage-Backed Securities ( “ MBS ” ) |
√ |
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Investment Type |
Permitted for or Relevant to the Fund |
Mortgage Dollar Rolls |
√ |
Municipal lease Obligations ( “ MLOs ” ) |
|
Municipal Obligations |
|
Option Contracts |
√ |
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
√ |
Preferred Securities |
√ |
Real Estate Investment Trusts ( “ REITs ” ) |
√ |
Repurchase Agreements |
√ |
Residual Interest Bonds |
|
Reverse Repurchase Agreements |
√ |
Rights and Warrants |
√ |
Royalty Bonds |
|
Securities with Equity and Debt Characteristics |
√ |
Senior Loans |
√ |
Short Sales |
√ |
Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities ( “ SMBS ” ) |
√ |
Structured Notes |
√ |
Swap Agreements |
√ |
Swaptions |
√ |
Trust Certificates |
√ |
U.S. Government Securities |
√ |
Unlisted Securities |
|
Variable Rate Obligations |
|
When-Issued Securities, Delayed Delivery and Forward Commitments |
√ |
Zero Coupon Bonds |
√ |
Other Disclosures Regarding Investment Practices |
Permitted for or Relevant to the Fund |
Asset Coverage |
√ |
Average Effective Maturity |
|
Borrowing for Investment Purposes |
|
Borrowing for Temporary Purposes |
√ |
Diversified Status |
|
Dividend Capture Trading |
|
Duration |
√ |
Events Regarding FNMA and FHLMC |
√ |
Fund Investing in a Portfolio |
|
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
Other Disclosures Regarding Investment Practices |
Permitted for or Relevant to the Fund |
Investments in the Subsidiary |
√ |
Loan Facility |
|
Option Strategy |
|
Participation in the ReFlow Liquidity Program |
√ |
Portfolio Turnover |
√ |
Securities Lending |
√ |
Short-Term Trading |
√ |
Significant Exposure to Global Natural Resources Companies |
|
Significant Exposure to Health Sciences Companies |
|
Significant Exposure to Smaller Companies |
|
Significant Exposure to Utility and Financial Service Companies |
|
Tax-Managed Investing |
|
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
The following investment restrictions of the Fund are designated as fundamental policies and as such cannot be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of the Funds outstanding voting securities, which as used in this SAI means the lesser of: (a) 67% of the shares of the Fund present or represented by proxy at a meeting if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares are present or represented at the meeting; or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund. Accordingly, the Fund may not:
(1)
Borrow money or issue senior securities except as permitted by the 1940 Act;
(2)
Purchase securities on margin (but the Fund may obtain such short-term credits as may be necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of securities). The deposit or payment by the Fund of initial or maintenance margin in connection with futures contracts or related options transactions is not considered the purchase of a security on margin;
(3)
Underwrite or participate in the marketing of securities of others, except insofar as it may technically be deemed to be an underwriter in selling a portfolio security under circumstances which may require the registration of the same under the 1933 Act;
(4)
Purchase or sell real estate (including limited partnership interests in real estate but excluding readily marketable interests in real estate investment trusts or readily marketable securities of companies which invest or deal in real estate or securities which are secured by real estate);
(5)
Make loans to any person except by (a) the acquisition of debt instruments and making portfolio investments, (b) entering into repurchase agreements and (c) lending portfolio securities; or
(6)
Concentrate its investments in any particular industry, but, if deemed appropriate for the Funds objective, up to (but less than) 25% of the value of its assets may be invested in securities of companies in any one industry (although more than 25% may be invested in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or its agencies or instrumentalities).
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In addition, the Fund may:
(7)
Purchase and sell commodities and commodities contracts of all types and kinds (including without limitation futures contracts, options on futures contracts and other commodities-related investments) to the extent permitted by law.
(8)
Invest 25% or more of its total assets in securities, commodity-linked notes and other instruments, including futures and forward contracts, related options and swaps, linked to one or more of the agriculture, energy and natural resources, livestock, precious metals, industrial metals and other sectors of the commodities market. The individual components of an index will be considered as separate industries for this purpose. The Fund may also invest more than 25% of total assets in a group of industries.
For purposes of determining industry classifications, the investment adviser considers an issuer to be in a particular industry if a third party has designated the issuer to be in that industry, unless the investment adviser is aware of circumstances that make the third partys classification inappropriate. In such a case, the investment adviser will assign an industry classification to the issuer. Privately issued mortgage backed securities and a foreign government each are considered an industry.
For purposes of determining compliance with the Funds asset requirements, the absolute value of the notional amount of long and short derivative positions is included.
The Funds borrowing policy is consistent with Section 18(f) of the 1940 Act, which states that it shall be unlawful for any registered open-end company to issue any class of senior security or to sell any senior security of which it is the issuer, except that any such registered company shall be permitted to borrow from any bank; provided, that immediately after any such borrowing there is an asset coverage of at least 300% for all borrowings of such registered company; and provided further, that in the event that such asset coverage shall at any time fall below 300% such registered company shall, within three days thereafter (not including Sundays and holidays) or such longer period as the SEC may prescribe by rules and regulations, reduce the amount of its borrowings to an extent that the asset coverage of such borrowings shall be at least 300%. Reverse repurchase agreements are included in borrowings for purposes of complying with the foregoing.
The following nonfundamental investment policies have been adopted by the Fund. A nonfundamental investment policy may be changed by the Board with respect to the Fund without approval by the Funds shareholders. The Fund will not:
·
make short sales of securities or maintain a short position, unless at all times when a short position is open (i) it owns an equal amount of such securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable, without payment of any further consideration, for securities of the same issue as, and equal in amount to, the securities sold short or (ii) it holds in a segregated account cash or other liquid securities (to the extent required under the 1940 Act) in an amount equal to the current market value of the securities sold short, and unless not more than 25% of its net assets (taken at current value) is held as collateral for such sales at any one time; or
·
invest more than 15% of net assets in investments which are not readily marketable, including restricted securities and repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days. Restricted securities for the purposes of this limitation do not include securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A under the 1933 Act and commercial paper issued pursuant to Section 4(2) of said Act that the members of the Board, or their delegate, determines to be liquid. Any such determination by a delegate will be made pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board. When investing in Rule 144A securities, the level of portfolio illiquidity may be increased to the extent that eligible buyers become uninterested in purchasing such securities.
Whenever an investment policy or investment restriction set forth in the Prospectus or this SAI states a maximum percentage of assets that may be invested in any security or other asset, or describes a policy regarding quality standards, such percentage limitation or standard shall be determined immediately after and as a result of the acquisition by the Fund of such security or asset. Accordingly, unless otherwise noted, any later increase or decrease resulting from a change in values, assets or other circumstances or any subsequent rating change made by a rating service (or as determined by the investment adviser if the security is not rated by a rating agency), will not compel the Fund to dispose of such security or other asset. However, the Fund must always be in compliance with the borrowing policy and limitation on investing in illiquid securities set forth above. If a sale of securities is required to comply with the 15% limit on illiquid securities, such sales will be made in an orderly manner with consideration of the best interests of shareholders.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
6
SAI dated May 1, 2014
MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION
Fund Management. The Trustees of the Trust are responsible for the overall management and supervision of the affairs of the Trust. The Board members and officers of the Trust are listed below. Except as indicated, each individual has held the office shown or other offices in the same company for the last five years. Board members and officers of the Trust hold indefinite terms of office. The noninterested Trustees consist of those Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust, as that term is defined under the 1940 Act. The business address of each Board member and officer is Two International Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02110. As used in this SAI, BMR refers to Boston Management and Research, EVC refers to Eaton Vance Corp., EV refers to Eaton Vance, Inc., Eaton Vance refers to Eaton Vance Management and EVD refers to Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. (see Principal Underwriter under Other Service Providers). EVC and EV are the corporate parent and trustee, respectively, of Eaton Vance and BMR. Each officer affiliated with Eaton Vance may hold a position with other Eaton Vance affiliates that is comparable to his or her position with Eaton Vance listed below.
Name and Year of Birth |
|
Trust
|
|
Term of Office and
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years
|
|
Number of Portfolios
|
|
Other Directorships Held
|
Interested Trustee |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
THOMAS E. FAUST JR.
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2007 |
|
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of EVC, Director and President of EV, Chief Executive Officer and President of Eaton Vance and BMR, and Director of EVD. Trustee and/or officer of 182 registered investment companies. Mr. Faust is an interested person because of his positions with BMR, Eaton Vance, EVC, EVD and EV, which are affiliates of the Trust. |
|
182 |
|
Director of EVC and Hexavest Inc. |
Noninterested Trustees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SCOTT E. ESTON
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2011 |
|
Private investor. Formerly held various positions at Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo and Co., L.L.C. (investment management firm) (1997-2009), including Chief Operating Officer (2002-2009), Chief Financial Officer (1997-2009) and Chairman of the Executive Committee (2002-2008); President and Principal Executive Officer, GMO Trust (open-end registered investment company) (2006-2009). Former Partner, Coopers and Lybrand L.L.P. (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) (public accounting firm) (1987-1997). |
|
182 |
|
None |
ALLEN R. FREEDMAN
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2007 |
|
Private investor. Former Chairman (2002-2004) and a Director (1983-2004) of Systems & Computer Technology Corp. (provider of software to higher education). Formerly, a Director of Loring Ward International (fund distributor) (2005-2007). Former Chairman and a Director of Indus International, Inc. (provider of enterprise management software to the power generating industry) (2005-2007). Former Chief Executive Officer of Assurant, Inc. (insurance provider) (1979-2000). |
|
182 |
|
Director of Stonemor Partners L.P. (owner and operator of cemeteries). Formerly, Director of Assurant, Inc. (insurance provider) (1979-2011). |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
7
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Name and Year of Birth |
|
Trust
|
|
Term of Office and
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years
|
|
Number of Portfolios
|
|
Other Directorships Held
|
VALERIE A. MOSLEY
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2014 |
|
Chairwoman and Chief Executive Officer of Valmo Ventures (a consulting and investment firm). Former Partner and Senior Vice President, Portfolio Manager and Investment Strategist at Wellington Management Company, LLP (investment management firm) (1992-2012). Former Chief Investment Officer, PG Corbin Asset Management (1990-1992). Formerly worked in institutional corporate bond sales at Kidder Peabody (1986-1990). |
|
182 |
|
Director of Dynex Capital, Inc. (mortgage REIT) (since 2013). |
WILLIAM H. PARK
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2003 |
|
Consultant and private investor. Formerly, Chief Financial Officer, Aveon Group, L.P. (investment management firm) (2010-2011). Formerly, Vice Chairman, Commercial Industrial Finance Corp. (specialty finance company) (2006-2010). Formerly, President and Chief Executive Officer, Prizm Capital Management, LLC (investment management firm) (2002-2005). Formerly, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, United Asset Management Corporation (investment management firm) (1982-2001). Formerly, Senior Manager, Price Waterhouse (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) (an independent registered public accounting firm) (1972-1981). |
|
182 |
|
None |
RONALD A. PEARLMAN
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2003 |
|
Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center. Formerly, Deputy Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy) and Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy), U.S. Department of the Treasury (1983-1985). Formerly, Chief of Staff, Joint Committee on Taxation, U.S. Congress (1988-1990). |
|
182 |
|
None |
HELEN FRAME PETERS
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2008 |
|
Professor of Finance, Carroll School of Management, Boston College. Formerly, Dean, Carroll School of Management, Boston College (2000-2002). Formerly, Chief Investment Officer, Fixed Income, Scudder Kemper Investments (investment management firm) (1998-1999). Formerly, Chief Investment Officer, Equity and Fixed Income, Colonial Management Associates (investment management firm) (1991-1998). |
|
182 |
|
Formerly, Director of BJs Wholesale Club, Inc. (wholesale club retailer) (2004-2011). Formerly, Trustee of SPDR Index Shares Funds and SPDR Series Trust (exchange traded funds) (2000-2009). Formerly, Director of Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (a bank for banks) (2007-2009). |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
8
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Name and Year of Birth |
|
Trust
|
|
Term of Office and
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years
|
|
Number of Portfolios
|
|
Other Directorships Held
|
HARRIETT TEE TAGGART
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2011 |
|
Managing Director, Taggart Associates (a professional practice firm). Formerly, Partner and Senior Vice President, Wellington Management Company, LLP (investment management firm) (1983-2006). |
|
182 |
|
Director of Albemarle Corporation (chemicals manufacturer) (since 2007) and The Hanover Group (specialty property and casualty insurance company) (since 2009). Formerly, Director of Lubrizol Corporation (specialty chemicals) (2007-2011). |
RALPH F. VERNI
|
|
Chairman of the Board and Trustee |
|
Chairman of the Board since 2007 and Trustee since 2005 |
|
Consultant and private investor. Formerly, Chief Investment Officer (1982-1992), Chief Financial Officer (1988-1990) and Director (1982-1992), New England Life. Formerly, Chairperson, New England Mutual Funds (1982-1992). Formerly, President and Chief Executive Officer, State Street Management & Research (1992-2000). Formerly, Chairperson, State Street Research Mutual Funds (1992-2000). Formerly, Director, W.P. Carey, LLC (1998-2004) and First Pioneer Farm Credit Corp. (2002-2006). |
|
182 |
|
None |
(1)
Includes both master and feeder funds in a master-feeder structure.
(2)
During their respective tenures, the Trustees (except for
Ms.
Mosley
) also served as Board members of one or more of the following funds (which operated in the years noted):
eUnits
TM
2 Year U.S. Equity Market Participation Trust: Upside to Cap / Buffered Downside (launched in 2012 and terminated in 2014);
Eaton Vance Credit Opportunities Fund (launched in 2005 and terminated in 2010); Eaton Vance Insured Florida Plus Municipal Bond Fund (launched in 2002 and terminated in 2009); and Eaton Vance National Municipal Income Trust (launched in 1998 and terminated in 2009).
*
Prior to 2013, Mr.
Swaffield
served as
Vice President
of the Trust
since
2011
.
The Board has general oversight responsibility with respect to the business and affairs of the Trust and the Fund. The Board has engaged an investment adviser and (if applicable) a sub-adviser (collectively the adviser) to manage the Fund and an administrator to administer the Fund and is responsible for overseeing such adviser and administrator and other service providers to the Trust and the Fund. The Board is currently composed of
nine
Trustees, including
eight
Trustees who are not interested persons of the Fund, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act (each a noninterested Trustee). In addition to eight regularly scheduled meetings per year, the Board holds special meetings or informal conference calls to discuss specific matters that may require action prior to the next regular meeting. As discussed below, the Board has established five committees to assist the Board in performing its oversight responsibilities.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
9
SAI dated May 1, 2014
The Board has appointed a noninterested Trustee to serve in the role of Chairman. The Chairmans primary role is to participate in the preparation of the agenda for meetings of the Board and the identification of information to be presented to the Board with respect to matters to be acted upon by the Board. The Chairman also presides at all meetings of the Board and acts as a liaison with service providers, officers, attorneys, and other Board members generally between meetings. The Chairman may perform such other functions as may be requested by the Board from time to time. Except for any duties specified herein or pursuant to the Trusts Declaration of Trust or By-laws, the designation of Chairman does not impose on such noninterested Trustee any duties, obligations or liability that is greater than the duties, obligations or liability imposed on such person as a member of the Board, generally.
The Fund and the Trust are subject to a number of risks, including, among others, investment, compliance, operational, and valuation risks. Risk oversight is part of the Boards general oversight of the Fund and the Trust and is addressed as part of various activities of the Board and its Committees. As part of its oversight of the Fund and the Trust, the Board directly, or through a Committee, relies on and reviews reports from, among others, Fund management, the adviser, the administrator, the principal underwriter, the Chief Compliance Officer (the CCO), and other Fund service providers responsible for day-to-day oversight of Fund investments, operations and compliance to assist the Board in identifying and understanding the nature and extent of risks and determining whether, and to what extent, such risks can or should be mitigated. The Board also interacts with the CCO and with senior personnel of the adviser, administrator, principal underwriter and other Fund service providers and provides input on risk management issues during meetings of the Board and its Committees. Each of the adviser, administrator, principal underwriter and the other Fund service providers has its own, independent interest and responsibilities in risk management, and its policies and methods for carrying out risk management functions will depend, in part, on its individual priorities, resources and controls. It is not possible to identify all of the risks that may affect the Fund or to develop processes and controls to eliminate or mitigate their occurrence or effects. Moreover, it is necessary to bear certain risks (such as investment-related risks) to achieve the Funds goals.
The Board, with the assistance of management and with input from the Board's various committees, reviews investment policies and risks in connection with its review of Fund performance. The Board has appointed a Fund Chief Compliance Officer who oversees the implementation and testing of the Fund compliance program and reports to the Board regarding compliance matters for the Fund and its principal service providers. In addition, as part of the Boards periodic review of the advisory, subadvisory (if applicable), distribution and other service provider agreements, the Board may consider risk management aspects of their operations and the functions for which they are responsible. With respect to valuation, the Board approves and periodically reviews valuation policies and procedures applicable to valuing the Funds shares. The administrator, the investment adviser and the sub-adviser (if applicable) are responsible for the implementation and day-to-day administration of these valuation policies and procedures and provides reports
to the
Audit Committee of the Board and the
Board regarding these and related matters. In addition, the
Audit Committee of the
Board or
the Board receives reports periodically from the independent public accounting firm for the Fund regarding tests performed by such firm on the valuation of all securities, as well as with respect to other risks associated with mutual funds. Reports received from service providers, legal counsel and the independent public accounting firm assist the Board in performing its oversight function.
The Trusts Declaration of Trust does not set forth any specific qualifications to serve as a Trustee. The Charter of the Governance Committee also does not set forth any specific qualifications, but does set forth certain factors that the Committee may take into account in considering noninterested Trustee candidates. In general, no one factor is decisive in the selection of an individual to join the Board. Among the factors the Board considers when concluding that an individual should serve on the Board are the following: (i) knowledge in matters relating to the mutual fund industry; (ii) experience as a director or senior officer of public companies; (iii) educational background; (iv) reputation for high ethical standards and professional integrity; (v) specific financial, technical or other expertise, and the extent to which such expertise would complement the Board members existing mix of skills, core competencies and qualifications; (vi) perceived ability to contribute to the ongoing functions of the Board, including the ability and commitment to attend meetings regularly and work collaboratively with other members of the Board; (vii) the ability to qualify as a noninterested Trustee for purposes of the 1940 Act and any other actual or potential conflicts of interest involving the individual and the Fund; and (viii) such other factors as the Board determines to be relevant in light of the existing composition of the Board.
Among the attributes or skills common to all Board members are their ability to review critically, evaluate, question and discuss information provided to them, to interact effectively with the other members of the Board, management, sub-advisers, other service providers, counsel and independent registered public accounting firms, and to exercise effective and independent business judgment in the performance of their duties as members of the Board. Each Board members ability to perform his or her duties effectively has been attained through the Board members business, consulting, public service and/or academic positions and through experience from service as a member of the Boards of the Eaton Vance family of funds (Eaton Vance Fund Boards) (and/or in other capacities, including for any predecessor funds), public companies, or non-profit entities or other
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
10
SAI dated May 1, 2014
organizations as set forth below. Each Board members ability to perform his or her duties effectively also has been enhanced by his or her educational background, professional training, and/or other life experiences.
In respect of each current member of the Board, the individuals substantial professional accomplishments and experience, including in fields related to the operations of registered investment companies, were a significant factor in the determination that the individual should serve as a member of the Board. The following is a summary of each Board members particular professional experience and additional considerations that contributed to the Boards conclusion that he or she should serve as a member of the Board:
Scott E. Eston.
Mr. Eston has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2011. He currently serves on the
board and on the
investment
committee
of
Michigan State University Foundation, and on the
investment
advisory committee of Michigan State University
. From 1997 through 2009, Mr. Eston served in several capacities at Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo and Co. (GMO), including as Chairman of the Executive Committee and Chief Operating and Chief Financial Officer, and also as the President and Principal Executive officer of GMO Trust, an affiliated open-end registered investment company. From 1978 through 1997, Mr. Eston was employed at Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P. (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) (since 1987 as a Partner).
Thomas E. Faust Jr.
Mr. Faust has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2007. He is currently Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of EVC, Director and President of EV, Chief Executive Officer and President of Eaton Vance and BMR, and Director of EVD. Mr. Faust has served as a Director of Hexavest Inc. since 2012. Mr. Faust previously served as an equity analyst, portfolio manager, Director of Equity Research and Management and Chief Investment Officer of Eaton Vance (1985-2007). He holds B.S. degrees in Mechanical Engineering and Economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and an MBA from Harvard Business School. Mr. Faust has been a Chartered Financial Analyst since 1988.
Allen R. Freedman. Mr. Freedman has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2007 and is the Chairperson of the Governance Committee. Mr. Freedman also serves as a Director of Stonemor Partners L.P. where he also serves as the Chair of the Audit Committee and a member of the Trust and Compliance Committee. Mr. Freedman was previously a Director of Assurant, Inc. from 1979-2011, a Director of Systems & Computer Technology Corp. from 1983-2004 and Chairman from 2002-2004, a Director of Loring Ward International from 2005-2007 and Chairman and a Director of Indus International, Inc. from 2005-2007. Mr. Freedman was formerly the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Fortis, Inc. (predecessor to Assurant, Inc.), a specialty insurance company from which he retired in 2000. Mr. Freedman also served as a Director of the Fortis Mutual Funds and First Fortis Life Insurance Company. Mr. Freedman is a founding director of the Association of Audit Committee Members, Inc.
Valerie A. Mosley. Ms. Mosley has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since January 1, 2014. She currently owns and manages a consulting and investment firm, Valmo Ventures. From 1992 through 2012, Ms. Mosley served in several capacities at Wellington Management Company, LLP, an investment management firm, including as a Partner, Senior Vice President, Portfolio Manager and Investment Strategist. Ms. Mosley also served as Chief Investment Officer at PG Corbin Asset Management from 1990-1992 and worked in institutional corporate bond sales at Kidder Peabody from 1986-1990. Ms. Mosley is a Director of Dynex Capital, Inc., a mortgage REIT, and also serves as a trustee or board member of several major non-profit organizations and endowments, including Wheelock Colleges endowment, Mass Ventures, a quasi-public early-stage investment corporation active in Massachusetts, and the Federal Reserve Bank of Bostons Advisory Board for Diversity.
William H. Park. Mr. Park has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2003 and is the Chairperson of the Audit Committee. Mr. Park was formerly the Chief Financial Officer of Aveon Group, L.P. from 2010-2011. Mr. Park also served as Vice Chairman of Commercial Industrial Finance Corp. from 2006-2010, as President and Chief Executive Officer of Prizm Capital Management, LLC from 2002-2005, as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of United Asset Management Corporation from 1982-2001 and as Senior Manager of Price Waterhouse (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) from 1972-1981.
Ronald A. Pearlman. Mr. Pearlman has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2003 and is the Chairperson of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee. He is a Professor of Law at Georgetown University Law Center. Previously, Mr. Pearlman was Deputy Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy) and Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy), U.S. Department of the Treasury from 1983-1985 and served as Chief of Staff, Joint Committee on Taxation, U.S. Congress from 1988-1990. Mr. Pearlman was engaged in the private practice of law from 1969-2000, with the exception of the periods of government service. He represented large domestic and multinational businesses in connection with the tax aspects of complex transactions and high net worth individuals in connection with tax and business planning.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
11
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Helen Frame Peters.
Ms. Peters has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2008
and is a Co-Chairperson of the Portfolio Management Committee. Ms. Peters
is currently a Professor of Finance at Carroll School of Management, Boston College and was formerly Dean of Carroll School of Management from 2000-2002. Ms. Peters was previously a Director of BJs Wholesale Club, Inc. from 2004-2011. In addition, Ms. Peters was the Chief Investment Officer, Fixed Income at Scudder Kemper Investments from 1998-1999 and Chief Investment Officer, Equity and Fixed Income at Colonial Management Associates from 1991-1998. Ms. Peters also served as a Trustee of SPDR Index Shares Funds and SPDR Series Trust from 2000-2009 and as a Director of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston from 2007-2009.
Harriett Tee Taggart.
Ms. Taggart has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2011
and is a Co-Chairperson of the Portfolio Management Committee. Ms. Taggart
currently manages a professional practice, Taggart Associates. Since 2007, Ms. Taggart has been a Director of Albemarle Corporation, a specialty chemical company where she serves as a member of the Audit Committee and member of the Nomination and Governance Committee. Since 2009 she has served as a Director of the Hanover Insurance Group, Inc. where she also serves as member of the Audit Committee. Ms. Taggart is also a trustee or member of several major non-profit boards, advisory committees and endowment investment companies. From 1983 through 2006, Ms. Taggart served in several capacities at Wellington Management Company, LLP, an investment management firm, including as a Partner, Senior Vice President and chemical industry sector portfolio manager. Ms. Taggart also served as a Director of the Lubrizol Corporation, a specialty chemicals manufacturer from 2007-2011.
Ralph F. Verni. Mr. Verni has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2005 and is the Independent Chairperson of the Board and the Chairperson of the Contract Review Committee. Mr. Verni was formerly the Chief Investment Officer (from 1982-1992), Chief Financial Officer (from 1988-1990) and Director (from 1982-1992) of New England Life. Mr. Verni was also the Chairperson of the New England Mutual Funds from 1982-1992; President and Chief Executive Officer of State Street Management & Research from 1992-2000; Chairperson of the State Street Research Mutual Funds from 1992-2000; Director of W.P. Carey, LLC from 1998-2004; and Director of First Pioneer Farm Credit Corp. from 2002-2006. Mr. Verni has been a Chartered Financial Analyst since 1977.
The Board of the Trust has several standing Committees, including the Governance Committee, the Audit Committee, the Portfolio Management Committee, the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee and the Contract Review Committee. Each of the Committees are comprised of only noninterested Trustees.
Messrs. Freedman (Chair), Eston,
Park, Pearlman and Verni, and Mmes.
Mosley,
Peters
and Taggart are members of the Governance Committee. The purpose of the Governance Committee is to consider, evaluate and make recommendations to the Board with respect to the structure, membership and operation of the Board and the Committees thereof, including the nomination and selection of noninterested Trustees and a Chairperson of the Board and the compensation of such persons. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Governance Committee convened
eight
times.
The Governance Committee will, when a vacancy exists or is anticipated, consider any nominee for noninterested Trustee recommended by a shareholder if such recommendation is submitted in writing to the Governance Committee, contains sufficient background information concerning the candidate, including evidence the candidate is willing to serve as a noninterested Trustee if selected for the position, and is received in a sufficiently timely manner.
Messrs. Park (Chair), Eston, Pearlman and Verni, and Ms. Peters are members of the Audit Committee. The Board has designated Mr. Park, a noninterested Trustee, as audit committee financial expert. The Audit Committees purposes are to (i) oversee the
Fund's
accounting and financial reporting processes, its internal control over financial reporting, and, as appropriate, the internal control over financial reporting of certain service providers; (ii) oversee or, as appropriate, assist Board oversight of the quality and integrity of the
Fund's
financial statements and the independent audit thereof; (iii) oversee, or, as appropriate, assist Board oversight of, the
Fund's
compliance with legal and regulatory requirements that relate to the
Fund's
accounting and financial reporting, internal control over financial reporting and independent audits; (iv) approve prior to appointment the engagement and, when appropriate, replacement of the independent registered public accounting firm, and, if applicable, nominate the independent registered public accounting firm to be proposed for shareholder ratification in any proxy statement of the Fund; (v) evaluate the qualifications, independence and performance of the independent registered public accounting firm and the audit partner in charge of leading the audit; and (vi) prepare, as necessary, audit committee reports consistent with the requirements of applicable SEC and stock exchange rules for inclusion in the proxy statement of the Fund. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Audit Committee convened
eighteen
times.
Messrs. Verni (Chair),
Eston
, Freedman and Park, and Mmes.
Mosley,
Peters
and Taggart are
members of the Contract Review Committee. The purposes of the Contract Review Committee are to consider, evaluate and make recommendations to the Board concerning the following matters: (i) contractual arrangements with each service provider to the Fund, including
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
12
SAI dated May 1, 2014
advisory, sub-advisory, transfer agency, custodial and fund accounting, distribution services and administrative services; (ii) any and all other matters in which any service provider (including Eaton Vance or any affiliated entity thereof) has an actual or potential conflict of interest with the interests of the Fund or investors therein; and (iii) any other matter appropriate for review by the noninterested Trustees, unless the matter is within the responsibilities of the other Committees of the Board. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Contract Review Committee convened
seven
times.
Mmes. Peters and Taggart
(Co-Chairs) and Mosley and Mr. Freedman
are
members of the Portfolio Management Committee. The purposes of the Portfolio Management Committee are to: (i) assist the Board in its oversight of the portfolio management process employed by the Fund and its investment adviser and sub-adviser(s), if applicable, relative to the Funds stated objective(s), strategies and restrictions; (ii) assist the Board in its oversight of the trading policies and procedures and risk management techniques applicable to the Fund; and (iii) assist the Board in its monitoring of the performance results of all funds and portfolios, giving special attention to the performance of certain funds and portfolios that it or the Board identifies from time to time. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Portfolio Management Committee convened
six
times.
Messrs. Pearlman (Chair
), Eston
and
Park
are
members of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee. The purposes of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee are to: (i) assist the Board in its oversight role with respect to compliance issues and certain other regulatory matters affecting the Fund; (ii) serve as a liaison between the Board and the Funds CCO; and (iii) serve as a qualified legal compliance committee within the rules promulgated by the SEC. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee convened
ten
times.
Share Ownership.
The following table shows the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by each Trustee in the Fund and in the Eaton Vance family of funds overseen by the Trustee as of December 31,
2013
.
As of December 31,
2013
, no noninterested Trustee or any of their immediate family members owned beneficially or of record any class of securities of EVC, EVD or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
13
SAI dated May 1, 2014
During the calendar years ended December 31,
2012
and December 31,
2013
, no noninterested Trustee (or their immediate family members) had:
(1)
Any direct or indirect interest in Eaton Vance, EVC, EVD or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD;
(2)
Any direct or indirect material interest in any transaction or series of similar transactions with (i) the Trust or any Fund; (ii) another fund managed by EVC, distributed by EVD or a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; (iii) EVC or EVD; (iv) a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; or (v) an officer of any of the above; or
(3)
Any direct or indirect relationship with (i) the Trust or any Fund; (ii) another fund managed by EVC, distributed by EVD or a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; (iii) EVC or EVD; (iv) a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; or (v) an officer of any of the above.
During the calendar years ended December 31,
2012
and December 31,
2013
, no officer of EVC, EVD or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD served on the Board of Directors of a company where a noninterested Trustee of the Trust or any of their immediate family members served as an officer.
Noninterested Trustees may elect to defer receipt of all or a percentage of their annual fees in accordance with the terms of a Trustees Deferred Compensation Plan (the Deferred Compensation Plan). Under the Deferred Compensation Plan, an eligible Board member may elect to have his or her deferred fees invested in the shares of one or more funds in the Eaton Vance family of funds, and the amount paid to the Board members under the Deferred Compensation Plan will be determined based upon the performance of such investments. Deferral of Board members fees in accordance with the Deferred Compensation Plan will have a negligible effect on the assets, liabilities, and net income of a participating fund or portfolio, and do not require that a participating Board member be retained. There is no retirement plan for Board members.
The fees and expenses of the Trustees of the Trust are paid by the Fund (and other series of the Trust). (A Board member who is a member of the Eaton Vance organization receives no compensation from the Trust.) During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Trustees of the Trust earned the following compensation in their capacities as Board members from the Trust. For the year ended December 31,
2013
, the Board members earned the following compensation in their capacities as members of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards
(1)
:
Source of Compensation |
Scott E.
|
Allen R.
|
Valerie A. Mosley |
William H.
|
Ronald A.
|
Helen Frame
|
Harriett Tee
|
Ralph F.
|
Trust (2) |
$ 4,537 |
$ 4,350 |
$ 4,071 |
$ 4,410 |
$ 4,410 |
$ 4,071 |
$ 4,444 |
$ 6,106 |
Trust and Fund Complex (1) |
$ 245,000 (3) |
$ 255,000 |
$ 240,000 |
$ 260,000 |
$ 260,000 |
$ 240,000 |
$ 240,000 |
$ 360,000 (4) |
(1)
As of May 1, 2014, the Eaton Vance fund complex consists of 182 registered investment companies or series thereof. Ms. Mosley was appointed as a Trustee effective January 1, 2014, and thus the compensation figures listed for the Trust and Trust and Fund Complex are estimated based on amounts she would have received if she had been a Trustee for the 2013 calendar year and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013. Benjamin C. Esty resigned as a Trustee effective December 31, 2013. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, Mr. Esty received Trustee fees of $4,410 from the Trust. For the calendar year ended December 31, 2013, he received $260,000 from the Trust and Fund Complex. Lynn A. Stout resigned as a Trustee effective March 31, 2014. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, Ms. Stout received Trustee fees of $4,130 from the Trust. For the calendar year ended December 31, 2013, she received $245,000 from the Trust and Fund Complex, which included $45,000 of deferred compensation.
(2)
The Trust consisted of 15 Funds as of December 31,
2013
.
(3)
Includes $
236,017
of deferred compensation.
(4
)
Includes $171,250 of deferred compensation.
Organization and Management of Wholly-Owned Subsidiary
The Subsidiary invests in commodity-linked swap agreements and other commodity-linked derivative instruments, but may also invest in the securities and other instruments in which the Fund is permitted to invest. The Subsidiary is an exempted company organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands, whose registered office is located at the offices of
Intertrust
Corporate Services
(Cayman)
Limited,
190 Elgin Avenue
, George Town, Grand Cayman, KY1-9005
. The Subsidiarys affairs are overseen by a board currently consisting of one Director, Maureen A. Gemma. Ms. Gemmas biographical information appears above in Management and Organization. The Subsidiary has entered into a separate contract with the Funds adviser whereby the adviser provides investment advisory services to the Subsidiary. The agreement continues in effect from year to year so long
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
14
SAI dated May 1, 2014
as such continuance is approved at least annually (i) by the vote of a majority of the noninterested Trustees of the Fund cast in person at a meeting specifically called for the purposes of voting on such approval and (ii) by the Board of Trustees of the Fund or by vote of a majority of the outstanding securities of the Fund. The agreement may be terminated at any time without penalty upon sixty (60) days written notice by the Board of Trustees of either party, or by vote of the majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund and will terminate automatically in the event of its assignment. The Subsidiary will bear the fees and expenses incurred in connection with the custody, transfer agency, and audit services that it receives. The Fund expects that the expenses borne by the Subsidiary will not be material in relation to the value of its assets.
The Subsidiary has adopted compliance policies and procedures that are substantially similar to the policies and procedures adopted by the Fund. The Subsidiary is operated in accordance with the 1940 Act investment restrictions that apply to the Fund, but is not subject to provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. The Funds Chief Compliance Officer oversees implementation of the Subsidiary's policies and procedures, and makes periodic reports to its Board of Trustees regarding the Subsidiary's compliance with its policies and procedures. In testing compliance of the Fund and the Subsidiary with applicable investment restrictions, the assets of the Fund are aggregated with those of the Subsidiary, except with respect to borrowings. The Subsidiary is subject to asset segregation requirements to the same extent as the Fund, which are tested for compliance on a consolidated basis as noted in the preceding sentence.
Fund Organization. The Fund is a series of the Trust, which was organized under Massachusetts law on March 27, 1989 and is operated as an open-end management investment company. The Trust may issue an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest (no par value per share) in one or more series (such as the Fund). The Trustees of the Trust have divided the shares of the Fund into multiple classes. Each class represents an interest in the Fund, but is subject to different expenses, rights and privileges. The Trustees have the authority under the Declaration of Trust to create additional classes of shares with differing rights and privileges. When issued and outstanding, shares are fully paid and nonassessable by the Trust. Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each full share held. Fractional shares may be voted proportionately. Shares of the Fund will be voted together except that only shareholders of a particular class may vote on matters affecting only that class. Shares have no preemptive or conversion rights and are freely transferable. In the event of the liquidation of the Fund, shareholders of each class are entitled to share pro rata in the net assets attributable to that class available for distribution to shareholders.
As permitted by Massachusetts law, there will normally be no meetings of shareholders for the purpose of electing Trustees unless and until such time as less than
two-thirds
of the Trustees of the Trust holding office have been elected by shareholders. In such an event the Trustees then in office will call a shareholders meeting for the election of Trustees. Except for the foregoing circumstances and unless removed by action of the shareholders in accordance with the Trusts By-laws, the Trustees shall continue to hold office and may appoint successor Trustees. The Trusts By-laws provide that
any Trustee may be removed with or without cause, by (i) the affirmative vote of holders of two-thirds of the shares or, (ii) the affirmative vote of, or written instrument, signed by at least two-thirds of the remaining Trustees, provided however, that the removal of any noninterested Trustee shall additionally require the affirmative vote of, or a written instrument executed by, at least two-thirds of the remaining noninterested Trustees.
No person shall serve as a Trustee if shareholders holding two-thirds of the outstanding shares have removed him or her from that office either by a written declaration filed with the Trusts custodian or by votes cast at a meeting called for that purpose. The By-laws further provide that under certain circumstances the shareholders may call a meeting to remove a Trustee and that the Trust is required to provide assistance in communication with shareholders about such a meeting.
The Trusts Declaration of Trust may be amended by the Trustees when authorized by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust, the financial interests of which are affected by the amendment. The Trustees may also amend the Declaration of Trust without the vote or consent of shareholders to change the name of the Trust or any series or to make such other changes (such as reclassifying series or classes of shares or restructuring the Trust) as do not have a materially adverse effect on the financial interests of shareholders or if they deem it necessary to conform it to applicable federal or state laws or regulations. The Trusts By-laws provide that the Trust will indemnify its Trustees and officers against liabilities and expenses incurred in connection with any litigation or proceeding in which they may be involved because of their offices with the Trust. However, no indemnification will be provided to any Trustee or officer for any liability to the Trust or shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.
The Trust or any series or class thereof may be terminated by: (1) the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than two-thirds of the shares outstanding and entitled to vote at any meeting of shareholders of the Trust or the appropriate series or class thereof, or by an instrument or instruments in writing without a meeting, consented to by the holders of two-thirds of the shares of the Trust or a series or class thereof, provided, however, that, if such termination is recommended by the Trustees, the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust or a series or class thereof entitled to vote thereon shall be sufficient
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
15
SAI dated May 1, 2014
authorization; or (2) by the approval of a majority of the Trustees then in office, to be followed by a written notice to shareholders.
Under Massachusetts law, if certain conditions prevail, shareholders of a Massachusetts business trust (such as the Trust) could be deemed to have personal liability for the obligations of the Trust. Numerous investment companies registered under the 1940 Act have been formed as Massachusetts business trusts, and management is not aware of an instance where such liability has been imposed. The Trusts Declaration of Trust contains an express disclaimer of liability on the part of Fund shareholders and the Trusts By-laws provide that the Trust shall assume the defense on behalf of any Fund shareholders. The Declaration of Trust also contains provisions limiting the liability of a series or class to that series or class. Moreover, the Trusts By-laws also provide for indemnification out of Fund property of any shareholder held personally liable solely by reason of being or having been a shareholder for all loss or expense arising from such liability. The assets of the Fund are readily marketable and will ordinarily substantially exceed its liabilities. In light of the nature of the Funds business and the nature of its assets, management believes that the possibility of the Funds liability exceeding its assets, and therefore the shareholders risk of personal liability, is remote.
Proxy Voting Policy.
The Board adopted a proxy voting policy and procedures (the Fund Policy), pursuant to which the Board has delegated proxy voting responsibility to the investment sub-adviser and adopted the proxy voting policies and procedures of the investment sub-adviser (the Adviser Policies). An independent proxy voting service has been retained to assist in the voting of Fund proxies through the provision of vote analysis, implementation and recordkeeping and disclosure services. The members of the Board will review the Funds proxy voting records from time to time and will annually consider approving the Adviser Policies for the upcoming year. For a copy of the Fund Policy and
Adviser Policies, see Appendix E and Appendix F, respectively. Pursuant to certain provisions of the 1940 Act and certain exemptive orders relating to funds investing in other funds, a Fund or Portfolio may be required or may elect to vote its interest in another fund in the same proportion as the holders of all other shares of that fund. Information on how the Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 is available (1) without charge, upon request, by calling 1-800-262-1122, and (2) on the SECs website at http://www.sec.gov.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES
Investment Advisory and Administrative Services. The investment adviser and sub-adviser manage the investments and affairs of the Fund and provide related office facilities and personnel subject to the supervision of the Trusts Board of Trustees. The investment adviser or, with respect to certain matters, the sub-adviser furnishes investment research, advice and supervision, furnishes an investment program and determines what securities will be purchased, held or sold by the Fund and what portion, if any, of the Funds assets will be held uninvested. Each Investment Advisory and Administrative Agreement and Sub-Advisory Agreement requires the investment adviser or sub-adviser, as the case may be, to pay the salaries and fees of all officers and Trustees who are members of the investment adviser's or sub-adviser's organization and all personnel of the investment adviser or sub-adviser performing services relating to research and investment activities.
For a description of the compensation that the Fund pays the investment adviser, see the Prospectus.
The fee rate applicable to the Fund under its Investment Advisory and Administrative Agreement is determined by applying the fee schedule set forth in the Prospectus to the aggregate average daily net assets of the Fund including its interest, if any, in the Subsidiary. The fee payable by the Fund equals the product of (i) the fee rate determined in accordance with the previous sentence, and (ii) the average daily net assets of the Fund exclusive of its interest in the Subsidiary. The fee rate applicable to the Subsidiary under its Investment Advisory Agreement equals the product of (i) the fee rate determined as set forth above, and (ii) the average daily net assets of the Subsidiary. Pursuant to investment sub-advisory agreements between Eaton Vance and Armored Wolf, Eaton Vance pays compensation to Armored Wolf for providing sub-advisory services to each of the Fund and the Subsidiary.
At December 31,
2013
, the Fund had net assets of $
630,096,312
. For the fiscal years ended December 31,
2013,
2012 and 2011
, the investment adviser and administration fee amounted to $
5,575,392, $
2,995,141
and
$4,402,199
, respectively. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011
, Eaton Vance and Armored Wolf were allocated $245,534
and
$64,811
, respectively, of the Funds operating expenses.
The Investment Advisory Agreement with the investment adviser or sub-adviser continues in effect from year to year so long as such continuance is approved at least annually (i) by the vote of a majority of the noninterested Trustees of the Trust cast in person at a meeting specifically called for the purpose of voting on such approval and (ii) by the Board of Trustees of the Trust or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. Each Agreement may be terminated at any time without
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
16
SAI dated May 1, 2014
penalty on sixty (60) days written notice by the Board of either party, or by vote of the majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, and each Agreement will terminate automatically in the event of its assignment. Each Agreement provides that the investment adviser or sub-adviser may render services to others. Each Agreement also provides that the investment
adviser or sub-adviser shall not be liable for any loss incurred in connection with the performance of its duties, or action taken or omitted under the Agreement, in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its obligations and duties thereunder, or for any losses sustained in the acquisition, holding or disposition of any security or other investment.
Information About Eaton Vance.
Eaton Vance is a business trust organized under the laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts. EV serves as trustee of Eaton Vance. EV and Eaton Vance are wholly-owned subsidiaries of EVC, a Maryland corporation and publicly-held holding company. BMR is an indirect subsidiary of EVC. EVC through its subsidiaries and affiliates engages primarily in investment management, administration and marketing activities. The Directors of EVC are Thomas E. Faust Jr., Ann E. Berman, Leo I. Higdon, Jr., Dorothy E. Puhy
, Winthrop H. Smith, Jr. and Richard A. Spillane, Jr. All shares of the outstanding Voting Common Stock of EVC are deposited in a Voting Trust, the Voting Trustees of which are Mr. Faust, Jeffrey P. Beale, Daniel C. Cataldo, Cynthia J. Clemson
, James H. Evans
, Maureen A. Gemma, Laurie G. Hylton, Brian D. Langstraat, Michael R. Mach, Frederick S. Marius, David C. McCabe, Thomas M. Metzold, Scott H. Page,
Charles B. Reed
, Walter A. Row, III,
Craig P. Russ
, David M. Stein, Payson F. Swaffield, Michael W. Weilheimer
, Kelly Williams
and Matthew J. Witkos (all of whom are officers of Eaton Vance or its affiliates). The Voting Trustees have unrestricted voting rights for the election of Directors of EVC. All of the outstanding voting trust receipts issued under said Voting Trust are owned by certain of the officers of Eaton Vance who may also be officers, or officers and Directors of EVC and EV. As indicated under Management and Organization, all of the officers of the Trust (as well as Mr. Faust who is also a Trustee) hold positions in the Eaton Vance organization.
Code of Ethics. The investment adviser, sub-adviser, principal underwriter, and the Fund have adopted Codes of Ethics governing personal securities transactions. Under the Codes, employees of the investment adviser, the sub-adviser and the principal underwriter may purchase and sell securities (including securities held or eligible for purchase by the Fund) subject to the provisions of the Codes and certain employees are also subject to pre-clearance, reporting requirements and other procedures.
Information About Armored Wolf.
Armored Wolf is a Delaware limited liability company that has been an investment adviser registered with the SEC since 2009. Armored Wolf provides advisory services to institutional clients and high net worth individuals. As of December 31,
2013
, Armored Wolfs assets under management totaled approximately $
921
million.
Portfolio Managers. The portfolio manager of the Fund is listed below. The portfolio manager manages other investment companies and/or investment accounts in addition to the Fund. The following table shows, as of the Funds most recent fiscal year end, the number of accounts the portfolio manager managed in each of the listed categories and the total assets (in millions of dollars) in the accounts managed within each category. The table also shows the number of accounts with respect to which the advisory fee is based on the performance of the account, if any, and the total assets (in millions of dollars) in those accounts.
|
Number of
|
Total Assets of
|
Number of Accounts
|
Total Assets of Accounts
|
John B. Brynjolfsson |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
2 |
$ 666.4 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
3 |
$ 120.1 |
2 |
$ 9.4 |
Other Accounts |
0 |
$ 0 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Mr. Brynjolfsson beneficially owned between $500,001 - $1,000,000 in shares of the Fund as of the Funds most recent fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
and
$500,001 -
$1,000,000 in the Eaton Vance family of funds as of December 31,
2013
.
It is possible that conflicts of interest may arise in connection with the portfolio managers management of the Funds investments on the one hand and the investments of other accounts for which the portfolio manager is responsible for on the other. For example, the portfolio manager may have conflicts of interest in allocating management time, resources and investment opportunities among the Fund and other accounts he advises. In addition due to differences in the investment strategies or restrictions between the Fund and the other accounts, the portfolio manager may take action with respect to another account that differs from the action taken with respect to the Fund. In some cases, another account managed by the portfolio
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
17
SAI dated May 1, 2014
manager may compensate the investment adviser based on the performance of the securities held by that account. The existence of such a performance based fee may create additional conflicts of interest for the portfolio manager in the allocation of management time, resources and investment opportunities. Whenever conflicts of interest arise, the portfolio manager will endeavor to exercise his discretion in a manner that he believes is equitable to all interested persons. The investment adviser and sub-adviser have adopted several policies and procedures designed to address these potential conflicts including a code of ethics and policies that govern the investment advisers and sub-advisers trading practices, including among other things the aggregation and allocation of trades among clients, brokerage allocation, cross trades and best execution.
Compensation Structure for Armored Wolf. Armored Wolfs portfolio manager compensation structure has three primary components depending on the position of the employee: (1) a base salary; (2) an annual cash bonus ; and (3) a profit participation based on overall firm performance. Armored Wolf personnel also receive certain other benefits that are broadly available to all firm employees. Compensation of all Armored Wolf employees is evaluated on an annual basis. Salaries are paid throughout the year. Cash bonuses and profit participations are typically paid shortly after year end. Base salary adjustments are put into effect on January 1st of each year.
Method used to Determine Compensation. Armored Wolf seeks to compensate portfolio managers commensurate with their responsibilities and performance, and competitive with other firms within the investment management industry. The performance of portfolio managers is evaluated primarily based on success in achieving portfolio objectives for managed funds and accounts and considers both current year and longer term performance objectives.
Salary increases, cash bonuses and profit participation are influenced by the overall performance of the firm. While the salaries of Armored Wolf portfolio managers are relatively fixed, cash bonuses and profit participation based on performance may fluctuate substantially from year to year, based on changes in the firms financial performance and other factors.
Commodity Futures Trading Commission Registration.
Effective December 31, 2012, the CFTC adopted certain regulatory changes that subject registered investment companies and advisers to regulation by the CFTC if a fund invests more than a prescribed level of its assets in certain CFTC-regulated instruments (including futures, certain options and swaps agreements) or markets itself as providing investment exposure to such instruments. The Fund is considered to be a commodity pool operator under CFTC regulations. Eaton Vance
, BMR and Armored Wolf are
registered with the CFTC as
commodity pool
operators
. Eaton Vance
, BMR and Armored Wolf are
also registered as
commodity trading
advisors.
The CFTC has neither reviewed nor approved the Funds investment strategies or this
SAI
.
Administrative Services.
Eaton Vance also provides administrative services to the Fund. Under its Investment Advisory and Administrative Agreement, Eaton Vance has been engaged to administer the Funds affairs, subject to the supervision of the
Board
, and shall furnish office space and all necessary office facilities, equipment and personnel for administering the affairs of the Fund.
Sub-Transfer Agency
Support Services.
Eaton Vance provides sub-transfer agency and related services to Eaton Vance mutual funds pursuant to a Sub-Transfer Agency Support Services Agreement. Under the agreement, Eaton Vance provides: (1) specified sub-transfer agency services; (2) compliance monitoring services; and (3) intermediary oversight services. For the
services it provides, Eaton Vance receives an aggregate annual fee equal to the lesser of $2.5 million or the actual expenses incurred by Eaton Vance in the performance of
such
services.
The Fund pays a pro rata share of such fee. For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013, Eaton Vance earned $2,154 from the
Fund
pursuant to the agreement
.
Expenses. The Fund is responsible for all expenses not expressly stated to be payable by another party (such as expenses required to be paid pursuant to an agreement with the investment adviser, the sub-adviser, the principal underwriter or the administrator). In the case of expenses incurred by the Trust, the Fund is responsible for its pro rata share of those expenses. The only expenses of the Fund allocated to a particular class are those incurred under the Distribution Plan applicable to that class (if any) and certain other class-specific expenses.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
18
SAI dated May 1, 2014
OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS
Principal Underwriter. Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. (EVD), Two International Place, Boston, MA 02110 is the principal underwriter of the Fund. The principal underwriter acts as principal in selling shares under a Distribution Agreement with the Trust. The expenses of printing copies of prospectuses used to offer shares and other selling literature and of advertising are borne by the principal underwriter. The fees and expenses of qualifying and registering and maintaining qualifications and registrations of the Fund and its shares under federal and state securities laws are borne by the Fund. The Distribution Agreement is renewable annually by the members of the Board (including a majority of the noninterested Trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Distribution Agreement or any applicable Distribution Plan), may be terminated on sixty days notice either by such Trustees or by vote of a majority of the outstanding Fund shares or on six months notice by the principal underwriter and is automatically terminated upon assignment. The principal underwriter distributes shares on a best efforts basis under which it is required to take and pay for only such shares as may be sold. EVD is a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of EVC. Mr. Faust is a Director of EVD.
Custodian. State Street Bank and Trust Company (State Street), 200 Clarendon Street, Boston, MA 02116, serves as custodian to the Fund. State Street has custody of all cash and securities of the Fund, maintains the general ledger of the Fund and computes the daily net asset value of shares of the Fund. In such capacity it attends to details in connection with the sale, exchange, substitution, transfer or other dealings with the Funds investments, receives and disburses all funds and performs various other ministerial duties upon receipt of proper instructions from the Trust. State Street provides services in connection with the preparation of shareholder reports and the electronic filing of such reports with the SEC. EVC and its affiliates and their officers and employees from time to time have transactions with various banks, including State Street. It is Eaton Vances opinion that the terms and conditions of such transactions were not and will not be influenced by existing or potential custodial or other relationships between the Fund and such banks.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. Deloitte & Touche LLP, 200 Berkeley Street, Boston, MA 02116, is the independent registered public accounting firm of the Fund, providing audit and related services, assistance and consultation with respect to the preparation of filings with the SEC.
Transfer Agent. BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc., P.O. Box 9653, Providence, RI 02940-9653, serves as transfer and dividend disbursing agent for the Fund.
CALCULATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
The net asset value of the Fund is determined by State Street (as agent and custodian) by subtracting the liabilities of the Fund from the value of its total assets. The Fund is closed for business and will not issue a net asset value on the following business holidays and any other business day that the Exchange is closed: New Years Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. The Funds net asset value per share is readily accessible on the Eaton Vance website (www.eatonvance.com).
The Board has approved procedures pursuant to which investments are valued for purposes of determining the Funds net asset value. Listed below is a summary of the methods generally used to value investments (some or all of which may be held by the Fund) under the procedures.
·
Equity securities (including common stock, exchange traded funds, closed end funds, preferred equity securities, exchange traded notes and other instruments that trade on recognized stock exchanges) are valued at the last sale, official close or if there are no reported sales at the mean between the bid and asked price on the primary exchange on which they are traded.
·
Most debt obligations are valued on the basis of market valuations furnished by a pricing service or at the mean of the bid and asked prices provided by recognized broker/dealers of such securities. The pricing service may use a pricing matrix to determine valuation.
·
Short-term obligations and money market securities maturing in sixty days or less typically are valued at amortized cost which approximates value.
·
Foreign securities and currencies are valued in U.S. dollars based on foreign currency exchange quotations supplied by a pricing service.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
19
SAI dated May 1, 2014
·
Senior and Junior Loans are valued on the basis of prices furnished by a pricing service. The pricing service uses transactions and market quotations from brokers in determining values.
·
Seasoned fixed-rate 30 year MBS are valued either by Eaton Vance using a matrix pricing system or on the basis of prices furnished by a pricing service. These valuation methodologies take into account bond prices, yield differentials, anticipated prepayments and interest rates.
·
Futures contracts are valued at the settlement or closing price on the primary exchange or board of trade on which they are traded.
·
Exchange-traded options are valued at the mean of the bid and asked prices. Over-the-counter options are valued based on quotations obtained from a pricing service or from a broker (typically the counterparty to the option).
·
Non-exchange traded derivatives (including swap agreements
(other than those which have been centrally cleared),
forward contracts and equity participation notes) are generally valued on the basis of valuations provided by a pricing service or using quotes provided by a broker/dealer (typically the counterparty).
Swap agreements that have been cleared by a central counterparty (CCP) are valued at the daily settlement price provided by the CCP.
·
Precious metals are valued are valued at the New York Composite mean quotation.
·
Liabilities with a payment or maturity date of 364 days or less are stated at their principal value and longer dated liabilities generally will be carried at their fair value.
·
Valuations of foreign equity securities may be adjusted from prices in effect at the close of trading on foreign exchanges to more accurately reflect their fair value as of the close of regular trading on the Exchange. Such fair valuations may be based on information provided by a pricing service.
Investments which are unable to be valued in accordance with the foregoing methodologies are valued at fair value using methods determined in good faith by or at the direction of the members of the Board. Such methods may include consideration of relevant factors, including but not limited to (i) the type of security, the existence of any contractual restrictions on the securitys disposition, (ii) the price and extent of public trading in similar securities of the issuer or of comparable companies or entities, (iii) quotations or relevant information obtained from broker-dealers or other market participants, (iv) information obtained from the issuer, analysts, and/or the appropriate stock exchange (for exchange-traded securities), (v) an analysis of the companys or entitys financial condition, (vi) an evaluation of the forces that influence the issuer and the market(s) in which the security is purchased and sold (vii) an analysis of the terms of any transaction involving the issuer of such securities; and (viii) any other factors deemed relevant by the investment adviser. The portfolio managers of one Eaton Vance fund that invests in Senior and Junior Loans may not possess the same information about a Senior or Junior Loan as the portfolio managers of another Eaton Vance fund. As such, at times the fair value of a Loan determined by certain Eaton Vance portfolio managers may vary from the fair value of the same Loan determined by other portfolio managers.
PURCHASING AND REDEEMING SHARES
Additional Information About Purchases. Fund shares are offered for sale only in states where they are registered. Fund shares are continuously offered through financial intermediaries which have entered into agreements with the principal underwriter. Shares of the Fund are sold at the public offering price, which is the net asset value plus the initial sales charge, if any. The Fund receives the net asset value. The principal underwriter receives the sales charge, all or a portion of which may be reallowed to the financial intermediaries responsible for selling Fund shares. The sales charge table in the Prospectus is applicable to purchases of the Fund alone or in combination with purchases of certain other funds offered by the principal underwriter, made at a single time by (i) an individual, or an individual, his or her spouse and their children under the age of twenty-one, purchasing shares for his or their own account, and (ii) a trustee or other fiduciary purchasing shares for a single trust estate or a single fiduciary account. The table is also presently applicable to (1) purchases of Class A shares pursuant to a written Statement of Intention; or (2) purchases of Class A shares pursuant to the Right of Accumulation and declared as such at the time of purchase. See Sales Charges.
In connection with
employer sponsored retirement
plans, the Fund may accept initial investments of less than the minimum investment amount on the part of an individual participant. In the event a shareholder who is a participant of such a plan terminates participation in the plan, his or her shares will be transferred to a regular individual account. However, such account will be subject to the right of redemption by the Fund as described below.
Class I Share Purchases
.
Class I shares are available for purchase by clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class I shares through a no-load network or platform. Such clients may include individuals,
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
20
SAI dated May 1, 2014
corporations, endowments, foundations and
employer sponsored
retirement plans
.
Class I shares also are offered to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates; certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance and certain Fund service providers; current and retired members of Eaton Vance Fund Boards; employees of Eaton Vance and its affiliates and such persons spouses, parents, siblings and lineal descendants and their beneficial accounts.
Suspension of Sales.
The Trust may, in its absolute discretion, suspend, discontinue or limit the offering of one or more of its classes of shares at any time. In determining whether any such action should be taken, the Trusts management intends to consider all relevant factors, including (without limitation) the size of the Fund or class, the investment climate and market conditions
and
the volume of sales and redemptions of shares. The Class A and Class C Distribution Plans may continue in effect and payments may be made under the Plans following any such suspension, discontinuance or limitation of the offering of shares; however, there is no contractual obligation to continue any Plan for any particular period of time. Suspension of the offering of shares would not, of course, affect a shareholders ability to redeem shares.
Additional Information About Redemptions. The right to redeem shares of the Fund can be suspended and the payment of the redemption price deferred when the Exchange is closed (other than for customary weekend and holiday closings), during periods when trading on the Exchange is restricted as determined by the SEC, or during any emergency as determined by the SEC which makes it impracticable for the Fund to dispose of its securities or value its assets, or during any other period permitted by order of the SEC for the protection of investors.
Due to the high cost of maintaining small accounts, the Trust reserves the right to redeem accounts with balances of less than $750. Prior to such a redemption, shareholders will be given 60 days written notice to make an additional purchase. However, no such redemption would be required by the Trust if the cause of the low account balance was a reduction in the net asset value of shares. No CDSC or redemption fees, if applicable, will be imposed with respect to such involuntary redemptions.
While normally payments will be made in cash for redeemed shares, the Trust, subject to compliance with applicable regulations, has reserved the right to pay the redemption price of shares of the Fund, either totally or partially, by a distribution in kind of readily marketable securities. The securities so distributed would be valued pursuant to the valuation procedures described in this SAI. If a shareholder received a distribution in kind, the shareholder could incur brokerage or other charges in converting the securities to cash.
Systematic Withdrawal Plan. The transfer agent will send to the shareholder regular monthly or quarterly payments of any permitted amount designated by the shareholder based upon the value of the shares held. The checks will be drawn from share redemptions and hence, may require the recognition of taxable gain or loss. Income dividends and capital gains distributions in connection with withdrawal plan accounts will be credited at net asset value as of the record date for each distribution. Continued withdrawals in excess of current income will eventually use up principal, particularly in a period of declining market prices. A shareholder may not have a withdrawal plan in effect at the same time he or she has authorized Bank Automated Investing or is otherwise making regular purchases of Fund shares. The shareholder, the transfer agent or the principal underwriter may terminate the withdrawal plan at any time without penalty.
Other Information. The Fund ’ s net asset value per share is normally rounded to two decimal places. In certain situations (such as a merger, share split or a purchase or sale of shares that represents a significant portion of a share class), the administrator may determine to extend the calculation of the net asset value per share to additional decimal places to ensure that neither the value of the Fund nor a shareholders shares is diluted materially as the result of a purchase or sale or other transaction.
SALES CHARGES
Dealer Commissions. The principal underwriter may, from time to time, at its own expense, provide additional incentives to financial intermediaries which employ registered representatives who sell Fund shares and/or shares of other funds distributed by the principal underwriter. In some instances, such additional incentives may be offered only to certain financial intermediaries whose representatives sell or are expected to sell significant amounts of shares. In addition, the principal underwriter may from time to time increase or decrease the sales commissions payable to financial intermediaries. The principal underwriter may allow, upon notice to all financial intermediaries with whom it has agreements, discounts up to the full sales charge during the periods specified in the notice. During periods when the discount includes the full sales charge, such financial intermediaries may be deemed to be underwriters as that term is defined in the 1933 Act.
Purchases at Net Asset Value.
Class A shares may be sold at net asset value to current and retired members of Eaton Vance Fund Boards; to clients (including custodial, agency, advisory and trust accounts) and current and
former
officers and employees of Eaton Vance, its affiliates and other investment advisers and sub-advisers of Eaton Vance sponsored funds; and to
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
such persons spouses, parents, siblings and lineal descendants and their beneficial accounts. Such shares may also be issued at net asset value (1) in connection with the merger (or similar transaction) of an investment company (or series or class thereof) or personal holding company with the Fund (or class thereof), (2) to investors making an investment as part of a fixed fee program whereby an entity unaffiliated with the investment adviser provides investment services, such as management, brokerage and custody, (3) to investment advisors, financial planners or other intermediaries who place trades for their own accounts or the accounts of their clients and who charge a management, consulting or similar ongoing fee for their services; clients of such investment advisors, financial planners or other intermediaries who place trades for their own accounts if the accounts are linked to the master account of such investment advisor, financial planner or other intermediary on the books and records of the broker or agent; financial intermediaries who have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class A shares on a no-load basis as described in the Prospectus; to HSAs (Health Savings Accounts); and to
employer sponsored
retirement
plans and trusts used to fund those plans,
(4) to officers and employees of the Funds custodian and transfer agent and (5) in connection with the ReFlow liquidity program. Class A shares may also be sold at net asset value to registered representatives and employees of financial intermediaries. Sales charges generally are waived because either (i) there is no sales effort involved in the sale of shares or (ii) the investor is paying a fee (other than the sales charge) to the financial intermediary involved in the sale. Any new or revised sales charge or CDSC waiver will be prospective only.
CDSC Waiver.
The CDSC applicable to Class C shares will be waived in connection with minimum required distributions from
employer sponsored
retirement plans
and Individual Retirement Accounts
by applying the rate required to be withdrawn under the applicable rules and regulations of the
IRS
to the balance of Class C shares in your account
.
Waiver of Investment Minimums.
In addition to waivers described in the Prospectus, minimum investment amounts are waived for current and retired members of Eaton Vance Fund Boards, clients (including custodial, agency, advisory and trust accounts), current and retired officers and employees of Eaton Vance, its affiliates and other investment advisers and sub-advisers to the Eaton Vance family of funds, and for such persons spouses, parents, siblings and lineal descendants and their beneficial accounts. The minimum initial investment amount is also waived for officers and employees of the Funds custodian and transfer agent
and in connection with the merger (or similar transaction) of an investment company (or series or class thereof) or personal holding company with the Fund (or class thereof).
Investments in a Fund by ReFlow in connection with the Reflow liquidity program are also not subject to the minimum investment amount.
Statement of Intention. If it is anticipated that $50,000 or more of Class A shares and shares of other funds exchangeable for Class A shares of another Eaton Vance fund will be purchased within a 13-month period, the Statement of Intention section of the account application should be completed so that shares may be obtained at the same reduced sales charge as though the total quantity were invested in one lump sum. Shares eligible for the right of accumulation (see below) as of the date of the Statement and purchased during the 13-month period will be included toward the completion of the Statement. If you make a Statement of Intention, the transfer agent is authorized to hold in escrow sufficient shares (5% of the dollar amount specified in the Statement) which can be redeemed to make up any difference in sales charge on the amount intended to be invested and the amount actually invested. A Statement of Intention does not obligate the shareholder to purchase or the Fund to sell the full amount indicated in the Statement.
If the amount actually purchased during the 13-month period is less than that indicated in the Statement, the shareholder will be requested to pay the difference between the sales charge applicable to the shares purchased and the sales charge paid under the Statement of Intention. If the payment is not received in 20 days, the appropriate number of escrowed shares will be redeemed in order to realize such difference. If the total purchases during the 13-month period are large enough to qualify for a lower sales charge than that applicable to the amount specified in the Statement, the shareholder must notify the transfer agent or, if shares are held in a street name account, the financial intermediary prior to the expiration date of the Agreement in order for such lower sales charge to apply to purchases under the Statement. Any difference will be refunded to the shareholder in cash or applied to the purchase of additional shares, as specified by the shareholder. This refund will be made by the financial intermediary and the principal underwriter. If at the time of the recomputation, the financial intermediary for the account has changed, the adjustment will be made only on those shares purchased through the current financial intermediary for the account. If the sales charge rate changes during the 13-month period, all shares purchased or charges assessed after the date of such change will be subject to the then applicable sales charge.
Right of Accumulation. Under the right of accumulation, the applicable sales charge level is calculated by aggregating the dollar amount of the current purchase and the value (calculated at the maximum current offering price) of shares owned by the shareholder. Class A shares of Eaton Vance U.S. Government Money Market Fund cannot be accumulated for purposes of this privilege. The sales charge on the shares being purchased will then be applied at the rate applicable to the aggregate. Share purchases eligible for the right of accumulation are described under Sales Charges in the Prospectus. For any such discount to be made available at the time of purchase a purchaser or his or her financial intermediary must provide the principal underwriter
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
(in the case of a purchase made through a financial intermediary) or the transfer agent (in the case of an investment made by mail) with sufficient information to permit verification that the purchase order qualifies for the accumulation privilege. Confirmation of the order is subject to such verification. The right of accumulation privilege may be amended or terminated at any time as to purchases occurring thereafter.
Distribution Plans
The Trust has in effect a compensation-type Distribution Plan for Class A shares (the Class A Plan) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. The Class A Plan is designed to (i) finance activities which are primarily intended to result in the distribution and sales of Class A shares and to make payments in connection with the distribution of such shares and (ii) pay service fees for personal services and/or the maintenance of shareholder accounts to the principal underwriter, financial intermediaries and other persons. The distribution and service fees payable under the Class A Plan shall not exceed 0.25% of the average daily net assets attributable to Class A shares for any fiscal year. Class A distribution and service fees are paid monthly in arrears. For the distribution and service fees paid by Class A shares, see Appendix A.
The Trust also has in effect a compensation-type Distribution Plan for the Fund's Class C shares (the Class C Plan) adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. Pursuant to the Class C Plan, Class C pays the principal underwriter a distribution fee, accrued daily and paid monthly, at an annual rate not exceeding 0.75% of its average daily net assets to finance the distribution of its shares. Such fees compensate the principal underwriter for the sales commissions paid by it to financial intermediaries on the sale of shares, for other distribution expenses (such as personnel, overhead, travel, printing and postage) and for interest expense. The principal underwriter is entitled to receive all distribution fees and CDSCs paid or payable with respect to Class C shares, provided that no such payments will be made that would cause the Class to exceed the maximum sales charge permitted by FINRA's NASD Conduct Rule 2830(d).
The Class C Plan also authorizes the payment of service fees to the principal underwriter, financial intermediaries and other persons in amounts not exceeding an annual rate of 0.25% of its average daily net assets for personal services, and/or the maintenance of shareholder accounts. For Class C, financial intermediaries currently receive (a) a service fee (except on exchange transactions and reinvestments) at the time of sale equal to 0.25% of the purchase price of Class C shares sold by such
intermediaries
, and (b) monthly service fees approximately equivalent to 1/12 of 0.25% of the value of Class C shares sold by such
intermediaries.
During the first year after a purchase of Class C shares, the principal underwriter will retain the service fee as reimbursement for the service fee payment made to financial intermediaries at the time of sale. For the service fees paid, see Appendix B.
The Trustees of the Trust believe that each Plan will be a significant factor in the expected growth of the Funds assets, and will result in increased investment flexibility and advantages which have benefitted and will continue to benefit the Fund and its shareholders. The Eaton Vance organization may profit by reason of the operation of a Plan through an increase in Fund assets and if at any point in time the aggregate amounts received by the principal underwriter pursuant to a Plan exceeds the total expenses incurred in distributing Fund shares.
For sales commissions and CDSCs
, if applicable, see Appendix A and Appendix B.
A Plan continues in effect from year to year so long as such continuance is approved at least annually by the vote of both a majority of (i) the noninterested Trustees of the Trust who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan or any agreements related to the Plan (the Plan Trustees) and (ii) all of the Trustees then in office. A Plan may be terminated at any time by vote of a majority of the Plan Trustees or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the applicable Class. Quarterly Trustee review of a written report of the amount expended under the Plan and the purposes for which such expenditures were made is required. A Plan may not be amended to increase materially the payments described therein without approval of the shareholders of the affected Class and the Trustees. So long as a Plan is in effect, the selection and nomination of the noninterested Trustees shall be committed to the discretion of such Trustees. The Trustees, including the Plan Trustees, initially approved the current Plan(s) on April 22, 2013
.
Any Trustee of the Trust who is an interested person of the Trust has an indirect financial interest in a Plan because his or her employer (or affiliates thereof) receives distribution and/or service fees under the Plan or agreements related thereto.
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
PERFORMANCE
Performance Calculations. Average annual total return before deduction of taxes (pre-tax return) is determined by multiplying a hypothetical initial purchase order of $1,000 by the average annual compound rate of return (including capital appreciation/depreciation, and distributions paid and reinvested) for the stated period and annualizing the result. The calculation assumes (i) that all distributions are reinvested at net asset value on the reinvestment dates during the period, (ii) the deduction of the maximum of any initial sales charge from the initial $1,000 purchase, (iii) a complete redemption of the investment at the end of the period, and (iv) the deduction of any applicable CDSC at the end of the period.
Average annual total return after the deduction of taxes on distributions is calculated in the same manner as pre-tax return except the calculation assumes that any federal income taxes due on distributions are deducted from the distributions before they are reinvested. Average annual total return after the deduction of taxes on distributions and taxes on redemption also is calculated in the same manner as pre-tax return except the calculation assumes that (i) any federal income taxes due on distributions are deducted from the distributions before they are reinvested and (ii) any federal income taxes due upon redemption are deducted at the end of the period. After-tax returns are based on the highest federal income tax rates in effect for individual taxpayers as of the time of each assumed distribution and redemption (taking into account their tax character), and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. In calculating after-tax returns, the net value of any federal income tax credits available to shareholders is applied to reduce federal income taxes payable on distributions at or near year-end and, to the extent the net value of such credits exceeds such distributions, is then assumed to be reinvested in additional Fund shares at net asset value on the last day of the fiscal year in which the credit was generated or, in the case of certain tax credits, on the date on which the year-end distribution is paid. For pre-tax and after-tax total return information, see Appendix A, Appendix B and Appendix C.
In addition to the foregoing total return figures, the Fund may provide pre-tax and after-tax annual and cumulative total return, as well as the ending redeemable cash value of a hypothetical investment. If shares are subject to a sales charge, total return figures may be calculated based on reduced sales charges or at net asset value. These returns would be lower if the full sales charge was imposed. After-tax returns may also be calculated using different tax rate assumptions and taking into account state and local income taxes as well as federal taxes.
Yield is computed pursuant to a standardized formula by dividing the net investment income per share earned during a recent thirty-day period by the maximum offering price (including the maximum of any initial sales charge) per share on the last day of the period and annualizing the resulting figure. Yield figures do not reflect the deduction of any applicable CDSC, but assume the maximum of any initial sales charge. Actual yield may be affected by variations in sales charges on investments.
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings and Related Information.
The Board has adopted policies and procedures (the Policies) with respect to the disclosure of information about portfolio holdings of the Fund. See the
Fund's
Prospectus for information on disclosure made in filings with the SEC and/or posted on the Eaton Vance website (www.eatonvance.com) and disclosure of certain portfolio characteristics. Pursuant to the Policies, information about portfolio holdings of the Fund may also be disclosed as follows:
·
Confidential disclosure for a legitimate Fund purpose: Portfolio holdings may be disclosed, from time to time as necessary, for a legitimate business purpose of the Fund, believed to be in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders, provided there is a duty or an agreement that the information be kept confidential. Any such confidentiality agreement includes provisions intended to impose a duty not to trade on the non-public information. The Policies permit disclosure of portfolio holdings information to the following: 1) affiliated and unaffiliated service providers that have a legal or contractual duty to keep such information confidential, such as employees of the investment adviser (including portfolio managers and, in the case of a Portfolio, the portfolio manager of any account that invests in the Portfolio), the administrator, custodian, transfer agent, principal underwriter, etc. described herein and in the Prospectus; 2) other persons who owe a fiduciary or other duty of trust or confidence to the Fund (such as Fund legal counsel and independent registered public accounting firm); or 3) persons to whom the disclosure is made in advancement of a legitimate business purpose of the Fund and who have expressly agreed in writing to maintain the disclosed information in confidence and to use it only in connection with the legitimate business purpose underlying the arrangement. To the extent applicable to an Eaton Vance fund, such persons may include securities lending agents which may receive information from time to time regarding selected holdings which may be loaned by a Fund, in the event a Fund is rated, credit rating agencies (Moodys Investor Services, Inc. and Standard & Poors Ratings Group), analytical service providers engaged by the investment adviser (Advent, Bloomberg L.P., Evare, Factset, McMunn Associates, Inc., MSCI/Barra and The Yield Book, Inc.), proxy evaluation vendors (Institutional
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
Shareholder Servicing Inc.), pricing services (TRPS Mark-to-Market Pricing Service, WM Company Reuters Information Services and Non-Deliverable Forward Rates Service, Pricing Direct, FT Interactive Data Corp., Standard & Poors Securities Evaluation Service, Inc., SuperDerivatives and Stat Pro.), which receive information as needed to price a particular holding, translation services, third-party reconciliation services, lenders under Fund credit facilities (Citibank, N.A. and its affiliates), consultants and other product evaluators (Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC) and, for purposes of facilitating portfolio transactions, financial intermediaries and other intermediaries (national and regional municipal bond dealers and mortgage-backed securities dealers). These entities receive portfolio information on an as needed basis in order to perform the service for which they are being engaged. If required in order to perform their duties, this information will be provided in real time or as soon as practical thereafter. Additional categories of disclosure involving a legitimate business purpose may be added to this list upon the authorization of the Funds Board.
In addition to the foregoing, disclosure of portfolio holdings may be made to the Funds investment adviser as a seed investor in a fund, in order for the adviser or its parent to satisfy certain reporting obligations and reduce its exposure to market risk factors associated with any such seed investment. Also
, in connection with a redemption in kind, the redeeming shareholder may be required to agree to keep the information about the securities to be so distributed confidential, except to the extent necessary to dispose of the securities.
·
Historical portfolio holdings information: From time to time, the Fund may be requested to provide historic portfolio holdings information or certain characteristics of portfolio holdings that have not been made public previously. In such case, the requested information may be provided if: the information is requested for due diligence or another legitimate purpose; the requested portfolio holdings or portfolio characteristics are for a period that is no more recent than the date of the portfolio holdings or portfolio characteristics posted to the Eaton Vance website; and the dissemination of the requested information is reviewed and approved in accordance with the Policies.
The Fund, the investment adviser, sub-adviser and principal underwriter will not receive any monetary or other consideration in connection with the disclosure of information concerning the Funds portfolio holdings.
The Policies may not be waived, or exception made, without the consent of the CCO of the Fund. The CCO may not waive or make exception to the Policies unless such waiver or exception is consistent with the intent of the Policies, which is to ensure that disclosure of portfolio information is in the best interest of Fund shareholders. In determining whether to permit a waiver of or exception to the Policies, the CCO will consider whether the proposed disclosure serves a legitimate purpose of the Fund, whether it could provide the recipient with an advantage over Fund shareholders or whether the proposed disclosure gives rise to a conflict of interest between the Funds shareholders and its investment adviser, principal underwriter or other affiliated person. The CCO will report all waivers of or exceptions to the Policies to the Board at their next meeting. The Board may impose additional restrictions on the disclosure of portfolio holdings information at any time.
The Policies are designed to provide useful information concerning the Fund to existing and prospective Fund shareholders while at the same time inhibiting the improper use of portfolio holdings information in trading Fund shares and/or portfolio securities held by the Fund. However, there can be no assurance that the provision of any portfolio holdings information is not susceptible to inappropriate uses (such as the development of market timing models), particularly in the hands of highly sophisticated investors, or that it will not in fact be used in such ways beyond the control of the Fund.
TAXES
The following is a summary of some of the tax consequences affecting the Fund and its shareholders. The summary does not address all of the special tax rules applicable to certain classes of investors, such as
Individual Retirement Accounts
and other
employer sponsored
retirement plans, tax-exempt entities, foreign investors, insurance companies and financial institutions. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors with respect to special tax rules that may apply in their particular situations, as well as the federal, state, local, and, where applicable, foreign tax consequences of investing in the Fund.
Taxation of the Fund. The Fund, as a series of the Trust, is treated as a separate entity for federal income tax purposes. The Fund has elected to be treated and intends to qualify each year as a regulated investment company (RIC) under Subchapter M of the Code. Accordingly, the Fund intends to satisfy certain requirements relating to sources of its income and diversification of its assets and to distribute substantially all of its net investment income (including tax-exempt income, if any) and net short-term and long-term capital gains (after reduction by any available capital loss carryforwards) in accordance with the timing requirements imposed by the Code, so as to maintain its RIC status and to avoid paying any federal income tax. If the Fund qualifies for treatment as a RIC and satisfies the above-mentioned distribution requirements, it will not be subject to federal income tax on income paid to its shareholders in the form of dividends or capital gain distributions. The Fund qualified as a RIC for its most recent fiscal year.
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
The Fund also seeks to avoid payment of federal excise tax. However, if the Fund fails to distribute in a calendar year substantially all of its ordinary income for such year and substantially all of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ending October 31 (or later if the Fund is permitted to so elect and so elects), plus any retained amount from the prior year, the Fund will be subject to a 4% excise tax on the undistributed amounts. In order to avoid incurring a federal excise tax obligation, the Code requires that the Fund
distributes
(or be deemed to have distributed) by December 31 of each calendar year (i) at least 98% of its ordinary income (excluding tax-exempt income, if any) for such year, (ii) at least 98.2% of its capital gain net income (which is the excess of its realized capital gains over its realized capital losses), generally computed on the basis of the one-year period ending on October 31 of such year, after reduction by any available capital loss carryforwards, and (iii) 100% of any income and capital gains from the prior year (as previously computed) that was not paid out during such year and on which the Fund paid no federal income tax. If the Fund fails to meet these requirements it will be subject to a nondeductible 4% excise tax on the undistributed amounts. Under current law, provided that the Fund qualifies as a RIC (and, where applicable, the Portfolio is treated as a partnership for Massachusetts and federal tax purposes), the Fund should not be liable for any income, corporate excise or franchise tax in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
If the Fund does not qualify as a RIC for any taxable year, the Funds taxable income will be subject to corporate income taxes, and all distributions from earnings and profits, including distributions of tax-exempt income and net capital gain (if any), will be taxable to the shareholder as dividend income. However, such distributions may be eligible (i) to be treated as qualified dividend income in the case of shareholders taxed as individuals and (ii) for the dividends-received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders. In addition, in order to re-qualify for taxation as a RIC, the Fund may be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest, and make substantial distributions.
In certain situations, the Fund may, for a taxable year, elect to defer all or a portion of its capital losses realized after October and
its
late
-
year ordinary losses
(defined as the excess of post-October specified losses (as defined in the Code) and other post-December ordinary losses over post-October specified gains (as defined in the Code) and other post-December ordinary income) realized after December
until the next taxable year in computing its investment company taxable income and net capital gain, which will defer the recognition of such realized losses.
Such deferrals and other rules regarding gains and losses realized after October
(or December)
may affect the tax character of shareholder distributions.
The Code contains a provision codifying the judicial economic substance doctrine, which has traditionally been used by courts to deny tax benefits for transactions that lack economic substance; a strict liability penalty is imposed for an understatement of tax liability due to a transactions lack of economic substance.
Taxation of the Portfolio. If the Fund invests its assets in the Portfolio, the Portfolio normally must satisfy the applicable source of income and diversification requirements in order for the Fund to also satisfy these requirements. For federal income tax purposes, the Portfolio intends to be treated as a partnership that is not a publicly traded partnership and, as a result, will not be subject to federal income tax. The Fund, as an investor in the Portfolio, will be required to take into account in determining its federal income tax liability its share of such Portfolios income, gains, losses, deductions and credits, without regard to whether it has received any distributions from such Portfolio. The Portfolio will allocate at least annually among its investors, including the Fund, the Portfolios net investment income, net realized capital gains, and any other items of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit. For purposes of applying the requirements of the Code regarding qualification as a RIC, the Fund (i) will be deemed to own its proportionate share of each of the assets of the Portfolio and (ii) will be entitled to the gross income of the Portfolio attributable to such share. Under current law, provided that the Portfolio is treated as a partnership for Massachusetts and federal tax purposes, the Portfolio should not be liable for any income, corporate excise or franchise tax in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
Taxation of the Subsidiary. To the extent described in the prospectus, the Fund may invest in the Subsidiary. The Subsidiary is classified as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As described in the prospectus, the Fund has either applied for or received from the IRS a private letter ruling or has received advice from counsel relating to the treatment of the income allocated to the Fund from the Subsidiary for purposes of the Funds status as a RIC under the Code. Foreign corporations, such as the Subsidiary, will generally not be subject to U.S. federal income taxation unless they are deemed to be engaged in a U.S. trade or business. It is expected that the Subsidiary will conduct it activities in a manner so as to meet the requirements of a safe harbor under Section 864(b)(2) of the Code under which the Subsidiary may engage in trading in stocks or securities or certain commodities without being deemed to be engaged in a U.S. trade or business. However, if certain of the Subsidiary's activities were determined not to be of the type described in the safe harbor (which is not expected), then the activities of the Subsidiary may constitute a U.S. trade or business, and would be taxed as such.
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
The Subsidiary is treated as a controlled foreign corporation (CFC) for tax purposes and the Fund is treated as a U.S. shareholder of the Subsidiary. As a result, the Fund is required to include in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes all of the Subsidiary's subpart F income, whether or not such income is distributed by the Subsidiary. It is expected that all of the Subsidiary's income will be subpart F income. The Funds recognition of the Subsidiary's subpart F income will increase the Funds tax basis in the Subsidiary. Distributions by the Subsidiary to the Fund will be tax-free, to the extent of its previously undistributed subpart F income, and will correspondingly reduce the Fund's tax basis in the Subsidiary. Subpart F income is generally treated as ordinary income, regardless of the character of the Subsidiary's underlying income. If a net loss is realized by the Subsidiary, such loss is not generally available to offset the income earned by the Fund.
Tax Consequences of Certain Investments. The following summary of the tax consequences of certain types of investments applies to the Fund and the Portfolio, as appropriate. References in the following summary to the Fund are to any Fund or Portfolio that can engage in the particular practice as described in the prospectus or SAI.
Securities Acquired at Market Discount or with Original Issue Discount. Investment in securities acquired at a market discount, or in zero coupon, deferred interest, payment-in-kind and certain other securities with original issue discount, generally may cause the Fund to realize income prior to the receipt of cash payments with respect to these securities. Such income will be accrued daily by the Fund and, in order to avoid a tax payable by the Fund, the Fund may be required to liquidate securities that it might otherwise have continued to hold in order to generate cash so that the Fund may make required distributions to its shareholders. The Fund may elect to accrue market discount income on a daily basis.
Lower Rated or Defaulted Securities. Investments in securities that are at risk of, or are in, default present special tax issues for the Fund. Tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless securities and how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income.
Municipal Obligations. Any recognized gain or income attributable to market discount on long-term tax-exempt municipal obligations (i.e., obligations with a term of more than one year) purchased after April 30, 1993 (except to the extent of a portion of the discount attributable to original issue discount), is taxable as ordinary income. A long-term debt obligation is generally treated as acquired at a market discount if purchased after its original issue at a price less than (i) the stated principal amount payable at maturity, in the case of an obligation that does not have original issue discount or (ii) in the case of an obligation that does have original issue discount, the sum of the issue price and any original issue discount that accrued before the obligation was purchased, subject to a de minimis exclusion.
From time to time proposals have been introduced before Congress for the purpose of restricting or eliminating the federal income tax exemption for interest on certain types of municipal obligations, and it can be expected that similar proposals may be introduced in the future. As a result of any such future legislation, the availability of municipal obligations for investment by the Fund and the value of the securities held by it may be affected. It is possible that events occurring after the date of issuance of municipal obligations, or after the Funds acquisition of such an obligation, may result in a determination that the interest paid on that obligation is taxable, even retroactively.
If the Fund seeks income exempt from state and/or local taxes, information about such taxes is contained in an appendix to this SAI (see the Table of Contents).
Tax Credit Bonds. If the Fund holds, directly or indirectly, one or more tax credit bonds (including Build America Bonds, clean renewable energy bonds and other qualified tax credit bonds) on one or more applicable dates during a taxable year and the Fund satisfies the minimum distribution requirement, the Fund may elect to permit its shareholders to claim a tax credit on their income tax returns equal to each shareholders proportionate share of tax credits from the applicable bonds that otherwise would be allowed to the Fund. In such a case, shareholders must include in gross income (as interest) their proportionate share of the income attributable to their proportionate share of those offsetting tax credits. A shareholders ability to claim a tax credit associated with one or more tax credit bonds may be subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code. Even if the Fund is eligible to pass through tax credits to shareholders, the Fund may choose not to do so.
Derivatives. The Funds investments in options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward contracts (to the extent permitted) and certain other transactions may be subject to special tax rules (including mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale, short sale and other rules), the effect of which may be to accelerate income to the Fund, defer Fund losses,
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
cause adjustments in the holding periods of Fund securities, convert capital gain into ordinary income and convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and character of Fund distributions.
Investments in so-called section 1256 contracts, such as regulated futures contracts, most foreign currency forward contracts traded in the interbank market and options on most stock indices, are subject to special tax rules. All section 1256 contracts held by the Fund at the end of its taxable year are required to be marked to their market value, and any unrealized gain or loss on those positions will be included in the Funds income as if each position had been sold for its fair market value at the end of the taxable year. The resulting gain or loss will be combined with any gain or loss realized by the Fund from positions in section 1256 contracts closed during the taxable year. Provided such positions were held as capital assets and were not part of a hedging transaction nor part of a straddle, 60% of the resulting net gain or loss will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss, and 40% of such net gain or loss will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss, regardless of the period of time the positions were actually held by the Fund.
Fund positions in index options that do not qualify as section 1256 contracts under the Code generally will be treated as equity options governed by Code Section 1234. Pursuant to Code Section 1234, if a written option expires unexercised, the premium received is short-term capital gain to the Fund. If the Fund enters into a closing transaction with respect to a written option, the difference between the premium received and the amount paid to close out its position is short-term capital gain or loss. If an option written by the Fund that is not a section 1256 contract is cash settled, any resulting gain or loss will be short-term capital gain. For an option purchased by the Fund that is not a section 1256 contract
,
any gain or loss resulting from sale of the option will be a capital gain or loss, and will be short-term or long-term, depending upon the holding period for the option. If the option expires, the resulting loss is a capital loss and is short-term or long-term, depending upon the holding period for the option. If a put option written by the Fund is exercised and physically settled, the premium received is treated as a reduction in the amount paid to acquire the underlying securities, increasing the gain or decreasing the loss to be realized by the Fund upon sale of the securities. If a call option written by the Fund is exercised and physically settled, the premium received is included in the sale proceeds, increasing the gain or decreasing the loss realized by the Fund at the time of option exercise.
As a result of entering into swap contracts, the Fund may make or receive periodic net payments. The Fund may also make or receive a payment when a swap is terminated prior to maturity through an assignment of the swap or other closing transaction. Periodic net payments will generally constitute ordinary income or deductions, while termination of a swap will generally result in capital gain or loss (which will be a long-term capital gain or loss if the Fund has been a party to a swap for more than one year). With respect to certain types of swaps, the Fund may be required to currently recognize income or loss with respect to future payments on such swaps or may elect under certain circumstances to mark such swaps to market annually for tax purposes as ordinary income or loss.
Short Sales. In general, gain or loss on a short sale is recognized when the Fund closes the sale by delivering the borrowed property to the lender, not when the borrowed property is sold. Gain or loss from a short sale is generally considered to be capital gain or loss to the extent that the property used to close the short sale constitutes a capital asset in the Funds hands. Except with respect to certain situations where the property used to close a short sale has a long-term holding period on the date of the short sale, special rules generally treat the gains on short sales as short-term capital gains. These rules may also terminate the running of the holding period of substantially identical property held by the Fund. Moreover, a loss on a short sale will be treated as a long-term capital loss if, on the date of the short sale, substantially identical property has been held by the Fund for more than one year. In general, the Fund will not be permitted to deduct payments made to reimburse the lender of securities for dividends paid on borrowed stock if the short sale is closed on or before the 45th day after the short sale is entered.
Constructive Sales. The Fund may recognize gain (but not loss) from a constructive sale of certain appreciated financial positions if the Fund enters into a short sale, offsetting notional principal contract, or forward contract transaction with respect to the appreciated position or substantially identical property. Appreciated financial positions subject to this constructive sale treatment include interests (including options and forward contracts and short sales) in stock and certain other instruments. Constructive sale treatment does not apply if the transaction is closed out not later than thirty days after the end of the taxable year in which the transaction was initiated, and the underlying appreciated securities position is held unhedged for at least the next sixty days after the hedging transaction is closed.
Gain or loss on a short sale will generally not be realized until such time as the short sale is closed. However, as described above in the discussion of constructive sales, if the Fund holds a short sale position with respect to securities that have appreciated in value, and it then acquires property that is the same as or substantially identical to the property sold short, the Fund generally will recognize gain on the date it acquires such property as if the short sale were closed on such date with such property. Similarly, if the Fund holds an appreciated financial position with respect to securities and then enters into a short sale with
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
respect to the same or substantially identical property, the Fund generally will recognize gain as if the appreciated financial position were sold at its fair market value on the date it enters into the short sale. The subsequent holding period for any appreciated financial position that is subject to these constructive sale rules will be determined as if such position were acquired on the date of the constructive sale.
Foreign Investments and Currencies. The Funds investments in foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes or other foreign taxes with respect to income (possibly including, in some cases, capital gains), which would decrease the Funds income on such securities. These taxes may be reduced or eliminated under the terms of an applicable U.S. income tax treaty. If more than 50% of Fund assets at year end consists of the debt and equity securities of foreign corporations, the Fund may elect to permit shareholders to claim a credit or deduction on their income tax returns for their pro rata portion of qualified taxes paid by the Fund to foreign countries. If the election is made, shareholders will include in gross income from foreign sources their pro rata share of such taxes. A shareholders ability to claim a foreign tax credit or deduction in respect of foreign taxes paid by the Fund may be subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code (including a holding period requirement applied at both the Fund and shareholder level), as a result of which a shareholder may not get a full credit or deduction for the amount of such taxes. In particular, the Fund must own the dividend-paying stock for more than 15 days during the 31-day period beginning 15 days prior to the ex-dividend date. Likewise, shareholders must hold their Fund shares (without protection from risk or loss) on the ex-dividend date and for at least 15 additional days during the 31-day period beginning 15 days prior to the ex-dividend date to be eligible to claim the foreign tax with respect to a given dividend. Shareholders who do not itemize deductions on their federal income tax returns may claim a credit (but no deduction) for such taxes. Individual shareholders subject to the alternative minimum tax (AMT) may not deduct such taxes for AMT purposes.
Transactions in foreign currencies, foreign currency-denominated debt securities and certain foreign currency options, futures contracts, forward contracts and similar instruments (to the extent permitted) may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency. Under Section 988 of the Code, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the time the Fund accrues income or receivables or expenses or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects such income or pays such liabilities are generally treated as ordinary income or ordinary loss.
Investments in
passive foreign investment companies
(PFICs) could subject the Fund to U.S. federal income tax or other charges on certain distributions from such companies and on disposition of investments in such companies; however, the tax effects of such investments may be mitigated by making an election to mark such investments to market annually or treat the PFIC as a qualified electing fund. If the Fund were to invest in a PFIC and elect to treat the PFIC as a qualified electing fund under the Code, the Fund might be required to include in income each year a portion of the ordinary earnings and net capital gains of the qualified electing fund, even if not distributed to the Fund, and such amounts would be subject to the distribution requirements described above. In order to make this election, the Fund would be required to obtain certain annual information from the PFICs in which it invests, which may be difficult or impossible to obtain. Alternatively, if the Fund were to make a mark-to-market election with respect to a PFIC, the Fund would be treated as if it had sold and repurchased the PFIC stock at the end of each year. In such case, the Fund would report any such gains as ordinary income and would deduct any such losses as ordinary losses to the extent of previously recognized gains. This election must be made separately for each PFIC, and once made, would be effective for all subsequent taxable years unless revoked with the consent of the IRS. The Fund may be required to recognize income in excess of the distributions it receives from PFICs and its proceeds from dispositions of PFIC stock in any particular year. As a result, the Fund may have to distribute this phantom income and gain to satisfy the distribution requirement and to avoid imposition of the 4% excise tax.
U.S. Government Securities. Distributions paid by the Fund that are derived from interest on obligations of the U.S. Government and certain of its agencies and instrumentalities (but generally not distributions of capital gains realized upon the disposition of such obligations) may be exempt from state and local income taxes. The Fund generally intends to advise shareholders of the extent, if any, to which its distributions consist of such interest. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisers regarding the possible exclusion of such portion of their dividends for state and local income tax purposes.
Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs). Any investment by the Fund in equity securities of a REIT qualifying as such under Subchapter M of the Code may result in the Funds receipt of cash in excess of the REITs earnings; if the Fund distributes these amounts, these distributions could constitute a return of capital to Fund shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Investments in REIT equity securities also may require the Fund to accrue and distribute income not yet received. To generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, the Fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio (including when it is not advantageous to do so) that it otherwise would have continued to hold. Dividends received by the Fund from a REIT will not qualify for the corporate dividends-received deduction and generally will not constitute qualified dividend income.
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Inflation-Indexed Bonds. Periodic adjustments for inflation to the principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond may give rise to original issue discount, which will be includable in the Funds gross income (see Securities Acquired at Market Discount or with Original Issue Discount above). Also, if the principal value of an inflation-indexed bond is adjusted downward due to inflation, amounts previously distributed in the taxable year may be characterized in some circumstances as a return of capital (see Taxation of Fund Shareholders below).
Taxation of Fund Shareholders. Subject to the discussion of distributions of tax-exempt income below, Fund distributions of investment income and net gains from investments held for one year or less will be taxable as ordinary income. Fund distributions of any net gains from investments held for more than one year are taxable as long-term capital gains. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the Fund owned the investments that generated the gains, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her shares in the Fund. Dividends and distributions on the Funds shares are generally subject to federal income tax as described herein to the extent they are made out of the Funds earnings and profits, even though such dividends and distributions may economically represent a return of a particular shareholders investment. Such distributions are likely to occur in respect of shares purchased at a time when the Funds net asset value reflects gains that are either unrealized, or realized but not distributed. Such realized gains may be required to be distributed even when the Funds net asset value also reflects unrealized losses.
Distributions paid by the Fund during any period may be more or less than the amount of net investment income and capital gains actually earned during the period. If the Fund makes a distribution to a shareholder in excess of the Funds current and accumulated earnings and profits in any taxable year, the excess distribution will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of such shareholders tax basis in its shares, and thereafter as capital gain. A return of capital is not taxable, but it reduces a shareholders tax basis in its shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by the shareholder of its shares. A shareholders tax basis cannot go below zero and any return of capital distributions in excess of a shareholders tax basis will be treated as capital gain.
Ordinarily, shareholders are required to take taxable distributions by the Fund into account in the year in which the distributions are made. However, for federal income tax purposes, dividends that are declared by the Fund in October, November or December as of a record date in such month and actually paid in January of the following year will be treated as if they were paid on December 31 of the year declared. Therefore, such dividends will generally be taxable to a shareholder in the year declared rather than in the year paid.
The amount of distributions payable by the Fund may vary depending on general economic and market conditions, the composition of investments, current management strategy and Fund operating expenses. The Fund will inform shareholders of the tax character of
distributions annually
to facilitate shareholder tax reporting
.
The Fund may elect to retain its net capital gain, in which case the Fund will be taxed thereon (except to the extent of any available capital loss carryovers) at the 35% corporate tax rate. In such a case, it is expected that the Fund also will elect to have shareholders of record on the last day of its taxable year treated as if each received a distribution of its pro rata share of such gain, with the result that each shareholder will be required to report its pro rata share of such gain on its tax return as long-term capital gain, will receive a refundable tax credit for its pro rata share of tax paid by the Fund on the gain, and will increase the tax basis for its shares by an amount equal to the deemed distribution less the tax credit.
Any Fund distribution, other than dividends that are declared by the Fund on a daily basis, will have the effect of reducing the per share net asset value of Fund shares by the amount of the distribution. If a shareholder buys shares when the Fund has unrealized or realized but not yet distributed ordinary income or capital gains, the shareholder will pay full price for the shares and then may receive a portion back as a taxable distribution even though such distribution may economically represent a return of the shareholders investment.
Tax-Exempt Income. Distributions by the Fund of net tax-exempt interest income that are properly reported as exempt-interest dividends may be treated by shareholders as interest excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes under Section 103(a) of the Code. In order for the Fund to be entitled to pay the tax-exempt interest income as exempt-interest dividends to its shareholders, the Fund must satisfy certain requirements, including the requirement that, at the close of each quarter of its taxable year, at least 50% of the value of its total assets consists of obligations the interest on which is exempt from regular federal income tax under Code Section 103(a). Interest on certain municipal obligations may be taxable for purposes of the federal AMT and for state and local purposes. In addition, corporate shareholders must include the full amount of exempt-interest dividends in computing the preference items for the purposes of the AMT. Fund shareholders are required to report tax-exempt interest on their federal income tax returns.
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Tax-exempt distributions received from the Fund are taken into account in determining, and may increase, the portion of social security and certain railroad retirement benefits that may be subject to federal income tax. Interest on indebtedness incurred by a shareholder to purchase or carry Fund shares that distributes exempt-interest dividends will not be deductible for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If a shareholder receives exempt interest dividends with respect to any Fund share and if the share is held by the shareholder for six months or less, then any loss on the sale or exchange of the share may, to the extent of the exempt-interest dividends, be disallowed. Furthermore, a portion of any exempt-interest dividend paid by the Fund that represents income derived from certain revenue or private activity bonds held by the Fund may not retain its tax-exempt status in the hands of a shareholder who is a substantial user of a facility financed by such bonds, or a related person thereof. In addition, the receipt of dividends and distributions from the Fund may affect a foreign corporate shareholders federal branch profits tax liability and the federal excess net passive income tax liability of a shareholder of a Subchapter S corporation. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors as to whether they are (i) substantial users with respect to a facility or related to such users within the meaning of the Code or (ii) subject to a federal alternative minimum tax, the federal branch profits tax, or the federal excess net passive income tax.
Qualified Dividend Income.
Qualified dividend income received by an individual is taxed at the rates applicable to long-term capital gain (
currently
at a maximum rate of 20
% plus a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax).
In order for a dividend received by Fund shareholders to be qualified dividend income, the Fund must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the dividend-paying stock in its portfolio and the shareholder must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the Funds shares. A dividend will not be treated as qualified dividend income (at either the Fund or shareholder level) (1) if the dividend is received with respect to any share of stock held for fewer than 61 days during the 121-day period beginning at the date which is 60 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (or, in the case of certain preferred stock, 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date), (2) to the extent that the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property, (3) if the recipient elects to have the dividend income treated as investment interest, or (4) if the dividend is received from a foreign corporation that is (a) not eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the U.S. (with the exception of dividends paid on stock of such a foreign corporation readily tradable on an established securities market in the U.S.) or (b) treated as a passive foreign investment company.
Payments in lieu of dividends, such as payments pursuant to securities lending arrangements, also do not qualify to be treated as qualified dividend income.
In general, distributions of investment income reported by the Fund as derived from qualified dividend income will be treated as qualified dividend income by a shareholder taxed as an individual provided the shareholder meets the holding period and other requirements described above with respect to the Funds shares. In any event, if the aggregate qualified dividends received by the Fund during any taxable year are 95% or more of its gross income, then 100% of the Funds dividends (other than properly reported capital gain dividends) will be eligible to be treated as qualified dividend income. For this purpose, the only gain with respect to the sale of stocks and securities included in the term gross income is the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss.
Dividends Received Deduction for Corporations. A portion of distributions made by the Fund which are derived from dividends from U.S. corporations may qualify for the dividends-received deduction (DRD) for corporations. The DRD is reduced to the extent the Fund shares with respect to which the dividends are received are treated as debt-financed under the Code and is eliminated if the shares are deemed to have been held for less than a minimum period, generally more than 45 days during the 91-day period beginning 45 days before the ex-dividend date or if the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property. Receipt of certain distributions qualifying for the DRD may result in reduction of the tax basis of the corporate shareholders shares. Distributions eligible for the DRD may give rise to or increase the alternative minimum tax for certain corporations. Payments in lieu of dividends, such as payments pursuant to securities lending arrangements, also do not qualify for the DRD.
Recognition of Unrelated Business Taxable Income by Tax-Exempt Shareholders.
Under current law, tax-exempt investors generally will not recognize unrelated business taxable income (UBTI) from distributions from the Fund. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a tax-exempt shareholder could recognize UBTI if shares in the Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of a tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of Code section 514(b). In addition, certain types of income received by the Fund from REITs, real estate mortgage investment conduits (REMICs), taxable mortgage pools or other investments may cause the Fund to designate some or all of its distributions as excess inclusion income. To Fund shareholders such excess inclusion income may: (1) constitute taxable income as UBTI for those shareholders who would otherwise be tax-exempt such as Individual Retirement Accounts,
employer sponsored retirement
plans and certain charitable entities; (2) not be offset by otherwise allowable deductions for tax purposes; (3) not be eligible for reduced U.S. withholding for non-U.S. shareholders even from tax treaty countries; and (4) cause the Fund to be subject to tax if certain disqualified organizations as defined by the Code are Fund shareholders.
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Redemption or Exchange of Fund Shares. Generally, upon sale or exchange of Fund shares, a shareholder will realize a taxable gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized and the basis in the shares. Such gain or loss will be treated as capital gain or loss if the shares are capital assets in the shareholders hands, and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the shares are held for more than one year, and short-term capital gain or loss if the shares are held for one year or less.
Any loss realized upon the sale or exchange of Fund shares with a tax holding period of six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any distributions treated as long-term capital gain with respect to such shares. In addition, all or a portion of a loss realized on a redemption or other disposition of Fund shares may be disallowed under wash sale rules to the extent the shareholder acquired other shares of the same Fund (whether through the reinvestment of distributions or otherwise) within the period beginning 30 days before the redemption of the loss shares and ending 30 days after such date. Any disallowed loss will result in an adjustment to the shareholders tax basis in some or all of the other shares acquired.
Sales charges paid upon a purchase of shares subject to a front-end sales charge cannot be taken into account for purposes of determining gain or loss on a redemption or exchange of the shares before the 91st day after their purchase to the extent a sales charge is reduced or eliminated in a subsequent acquisition of Fund shares (or shares of another fund) on or before January 31 of the following calendar year pursuant to the reinvestment or exchange privilege. Any disregarded amounts will result in an adjustment to the shareholders tax basis in some or all of any other shares acquired.
Applicability of Medicare Contribution Tax.
The Code imposes a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax on unearned income of certain U.S. individuals, estates and trusts. For individuals, the tax is on the lesser of the net investment income and the excess of modified adjusted gross income over $200,000 (or $250,000 if married filing jointly). Net investment income includes, among other things, interest, dividends, and gross income and capital gains derived from passive activities and trading in securities or commodities. Net investment income is reduced by deductions properly allocable to this income.
Back-Up Withholding for U.S. Shareholders. Amounts paid by the Fund to individuals and certain other shareholders who have not provided the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification number (TIN) and certain certifications required by the IRS as well as shareholders with respect to whom the Fund has received certain information from the IRS or a broker, may be subject to backup withholding of federal income tax arising from the Funds taxable dividends and other distributions as well as the proceeds of redemption transactions (including repurchases and exchanges), at a rate of 28%. An individuals TIN is generally his or her social security number. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amount withheld may be credited against a shareholders U.S. federal income tax liability.
Taxation of Foreign Shareholders. In general, dividends (other than capital gain dividends and exempt-interest dividends) paid to a shareholder that is not a U.S. person within the meaning of the Code (a foreign person or foreign shareholder) are subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate). The withholding tax does not apply to regular dividends paid to a foreign person who provides a Form W-8ECI, certifying that the dividends are effectively connected with the foreign persons conduct of a trade or business within the United States. Instead, the effectively connected dividends will be subject to regular U.S. income tax as if the foreign person were a U.S. shareholder. A non-U.S. corporation receiving effectively connected dividends may also be subject to additional branch profits tax imposed at a rate of 30% (or lower treaty rate). A foreign person who fails to provide an IRS Form W-8BEN or other applicable form may be subject to backup withholding at the appropriate rate. A foreign shareholder would generally be exempt from U.S. federal income tax, including withholding tax, on gains realized on the sale of shares of the Fund, net capital gain dividends, exempt interest dividends, and amounts retained by the Fund that are reported as undistributed capital gains.
For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2014, properly reported dividends are generally exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax where they (i) are paid in respect of the Funds qualified net interest income (generally, the Funds U.S. source interest income, other than certain contingent interest and interest from obligations of a corporation or partnership in which the Fund is at least a 10% shareholder, reduced by expenses that are allocable to such income) or (ii) are paid in respect of the Funds qualified short-term capital gains (generally, the excess of the Funds net short-term capital gain over the Funds long-term capital loss for such taxable year). However, depending on its circumstances, the Fund may report all, some or none of its potentially eligible dividends as such qualified net interest income or as qualified short-term capital gains and/or treat such dividends, in whole or in part, as ineligible for this exemption from withholding. In order to qualify for this exemption from withholding, a non-U.S. shareholder would need to comply with applicable certification requirements relating to its non-U.S. status (including, in general, furnishing an IRS Form W-8BEN or substitute Form). In the case of shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary could withhold even if the Fund designates the payment as qualified net interest income or qualified short-term capital gain. Non-U.S. shareholders should contact their intermediaries with respect to the application of these rules to their accounts.
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For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2014, distributions that the Fund reports as short-term capital gain dividends or long-term capital gain dividends will not be treated as such to a recipient foreign shareholder if the distribution is attributable to gain from the sale or exchange of U.S. real property or an interest in a U.S. real property holding corporation and the Funds direct or indirect interests in U.S. real property exceeded certain levels. Instead, if the foreign shareholder has not owned more than 5% of the outstanding shares of the Fund at any time during the one year period ending on the date of distribution, such distributions will be subject to 30% withholding by the Fund and will be treated as ordinary dividends to the foreign shareholder; if the foreign shareholder owned more than 5% of the outstanding shares of the Fund at any time during the one year period ending on the date of the distribution, such distribution will be treated as real property gain subject to 35% withholding tax and could subject the foreign shareholder to U.S. filing requirements. The rules described in this paragraph, other than the withholding rules, will apply notwithstanding the Funds participation or a foreign shareholders participation in a wash sale transaction or the payment of a substitute dividend.
Additionally, if the Funds direct or indirect interests in U.S. real property were to exceed certain levels, a foreign shareholder realizing gains upon redemption from the Fund could be subject to the 35% withholding tax and U.S. filing requirements unless the foreign person had not held more than 5% of the Funds outstanding shares throughout either such persons holding period for the redeemed shares or, if shorter, the previous five years, or for sales occurring on or before December 31, 2013, 50% or more of the value of the Funds shares were held by U.S. entities.
The same rules apply with respect to distributions to a foreign shareholder from the Fund and redemptions of a foreign shareholders interest in the Fund attributable to a REITs distribution to the Fund of gain from the sale or exchange of U.S. real property or an interest in a U.S. real property holding corporation, if the Funds direct or indirect interests in U.S. real property were to exceed certain levels. The rule with respect to distributions and redemptions attributable to a REITs distribution to the Fund will not expire for taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2014.
Provided that 50% or more of the value of the Funds stock is held by U.S. shareholders, distributions of U.S. real property interests (including securities in a U.S. real property holding corporation, unless such corporation is regularly traded on an established securities market and the Fund has held 5% or less of the outstanding shares of the corporation during the five-year period ending on the date of distribution) occurring on or before December 31, 2013, in redemption of a foreign shareholders shares of the Fund will cause the Fund to recognize gain. If the Fund is required to recognize gain, the amount of gain recognized will be equal to the fair market value of such interests over the Funds adjusted basis to the extent of the greatest foreign ownership percentage of the Fund during the five-year period ending on the date of redemption.
In the case of foreign non-corporate shareholders, the Fund may be required to backup withhold U.S. federal income tax on distributions that are otherwise exempt from withholding tax unless such shareholders furnish the Fund with proper notification of their foreign status.
Shares of the Fund held by a non-U.S. shareholder at death will be considered situated within the United States and subject to the U.S. estate tax.
Compliance with the HIRE Act.
A 30% withholding tax will be imposed on
U.S.-source
dividends
, interest and other income items
paid after
June 30, 2014
, and
proceeds
from the sale of property producing U.S.-source dividends and interest
paid after December 31, 2016, to (i) foreign financial institutions including non-U.S. investment funds unless they agree to collect and disclose to the IRS information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. account holders and (ii) certain other foreign entities, unless they certify certain information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. owners. To avoid withholding, foreign financial institutions will need to either enter into agreements with the IRS that state that they will provide the IRS information, including the names, addresses and taxpayer identification numbers of direct and indirect U.S. account holders, comply with due diligence procedures with respect to the identification of U.S. accounts, report to the IRS certain information with respect to U.S. accounts maintained, agree to withhold tax on certain payments made to non-compliant foreign financial institutions or to account holders who fail to provide the required information, and determine certain other information as to their account holders or, in the event that an applicable intergovernmental agreement and implementing legislation are adopted, agree to provide certain information to other revenue authorities for transmittal to the IRS. Other foreign entities will need to either provide the name, address, and taxpayer identification number of each substantial U.S. owner or certifications of no substantial U.S. ownership unless certain exceptions apply or agree to provide certain information to other revenue authorities for transmittal to the IRS. Non-U.S. shareholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the possible implications of these requirements on their investment in the Fund.
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
Requirements of Form 8886.
Under Treasury regulations, if a shareholder realizes a loss on disposition of the Funds shares of
at least
$2 million
in any single taxable year
or
$4 million in any combination of taxable years
for an individual shareholder or
at least
$10 million
in any single taxable year
or
$20 million in any combination of taxable years
for a corporate shareholder, the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a RIC are not excepted. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayers treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances. Under certain circumstances, certain tax-exempt entities and their managers may be subject to excise tax if they are parties to certain reportable transactions.
Other Taxes. Dividends, distributions and redemption proceeds may also be subject to additional state, local and foreign taxes depending on each shareholders particular situation.
Changes in Taxation. The taxation of the Fund, the Portfolio, the Subsidiary and shareholders may be adversely affected by future legislation, Treasury regulations, IRS revenue procedures and/or guidance issued by the IRS.
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
PORTFOLIO SECURITIES TRANSACTIONS
Decisions concerning the execution of portfolio security transactions, including the selection of the market and the broker-dealer firm, are made by the investment adviser
.
The Fund is responsible for the expenses associated with its portfolio transactions. The investment adviser is also responsible for the execution of transactions for all other accounts managed by it. The investment adviser places the portfolio security transactions for execution with one or more broker-dealer firms. The investment adviser uses its best efforts to obtain execution of portfolio security transactions at prices which in the investment advisers judgment are advantageous to the client and at a reasonably competitive spread or (when a disclosed commission is being charged) at reasonably competitive commission rates. In seeking such execution, the investment adviser will use its best judgment in evaluating the terms of a transaction, and will give consideration to various relevant factors, including without limitation the full range and quality of the broker-dealer firms services,
responsiveness of the firm to the investment adviser, the size and type of the transaction, the nature and character of the market for the security, the confidentiality, speed and certainty of effective execution required for the transaction, the general execution and operational capabilities of the broker-dealer firm, the reputation, reliability, experience and financial condition of the firm, the value and quality of the services rendered by the firm in this and other transactions, and the amount of the spread or commission, if any. In addition, the investment adviser may consider the receipt of Research Services (as defined below), provided it does not compromise the investment
advisers
obligation to seek best overall execution for the Fund. The investment adviser may engage in portfolio brokerage transactions with a broker-dealer firm that sells shares of Eaton Vance funds, provided such transactions are not directed to that firm as compensation for the promotion or sale of such shares.
Transactions on stock exchanges and other agency transactions involve the payment of negotiated brokerage commissions. Such commissions vary among different broker-dealer firms, and a particular broker-dealer may charge different commissions according to such factors as the difficulty and size of the transaction and the volume of business done with such broker-dealer. Transactions in foreign securities often involve the payment of brokerage commissions, which may be higher than those in the United States. There is generally no stated commission in the case of securities traded in the over-the-counter markets including transactions in fixed-income securities which are generally purchased and sold on a net basis (i.e., without commission) through broker-dealers and banks acting for their own account rather than as brokers. Such firms attempt to profit from such transactions by buying at the bid price and selling at the higher asked price of the market for such obligations, and the difference between the bid and asked price is customarily referred to as the spread. Fixed-income transactions may also be transactions directly with the issuer of the obligations. In an underwritten offering the price paid often includes a disclosed fixed commission or discount retained by the underwriter or dealer. Although spreads or commissions paid on portfolio security transactions will, in the judgment of the investment adviser, be reasonable in relation to the value of the services provided, commissions exceeding those which another firm might charge may be paid to broker-dealers who were selected to execute transactions on behalf of the investment advisers clients in part for providing brokerage and research services to the investment adviser.
Pursuant to the safe harbor provided in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Section 28(e)), a broker or dealer who executes a portfolio transaction on behalf of the investment adviser client may receive a commission that is in excess of the amount of commission another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction if the investment adviser determines in good faith that such compensation was reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided. This determination may be made on the basis of either that particular transaction or on the basis of the overall responsibility which the investment adviser and its affiliates have for accounts over which they exercise investment discretion. Research Services as used herein includes any and all brokerage and research services to the extent permitted by Section 28(e). Generally, Research Services may include, but are not limited to, such matters as research, analytical and quotation services, data, information and other services products and materials which assist the investment adviser in the performance of its investment responsibilities. More specifically, Research Services may include general economic, political, business and market information, industry and company reviews, evaluations of securities and portfolio strategies and transactions, technical analysis of various aspects of the securities markets, recommendations as to the purchase and sale of securities and other portfolio transactions, certain financial, industry and trade publications, certain news and information services, and certain research oriented computer software, data bases and services. Any particular Research Service obtained through a broker-dealer may be used by the investment adviser in connection with client accounts other than those accounts which pay commissions to such broker-dealer. Any such Research Service may be broadly useful and of value to the investment adviser in rendering investment advisory services to all or a significant portion of its clients, or may be relevant and useful for the management of only one clients account or of a few clients accounts, or may be useful for the management of merely a segment of certain clients accounts, regardless of whether any such account or accounts paid commissions to the broker-dealer through which such Research Service was obtained. The investment adviser evaluates the nature and quality of the various Research Services obtained through broker-dealer firms and may attempt to allocate sufficient portfolio security transactions to
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
such firms to ensure the continued receipt of Research Services which the investment adviser believes are useful or of value to it in rendering investment advisory services to its clients. The investment adviser may also receive brokerage and Research Services from underwriters and dealers in fixed-price offerings.
Research Services provided by (and produced by) broker-dealers that execute portfolio transactions or from affiliates of executing broker-dealers are referred to as Proprietary Research. The investment adviser may and does consider the receipt of Proprietary Research Services as a factor in selecting broker dealers to execute client portfolio transactions, provided it does not compromise the investment advisers obligation to seek best overall execution. The investment adviser also may consider the receipt of Research Services under so called client commission arrangements or commission sharing arrangements (both referred to as CCAs) as a factor in selecting broker dealers to execute transactions, provided it does not compromise the investment advisers obligation to seek best overall execution. Under a CCA arrangement, the investment adviser may cause client accounts to effect transactions through a broker-dealer and request that the broker-dealer allocate a portion of the commissions paid on those transactions to a pool of commission credits that are paid to other firms that provide Research Services to the investment adviser. Under a CCA, the broker-dealer that provides the Research Services need not execute the trade. Participating in CCAs may enable the investment adviser to consolidate payments for research using accumulated client commission credits from transactions executed through a particular broker-dealer to periodically pay for Research Services obtained from and provided by other firms, including other broker-dealers that supply Research Services. The investment adviser believes that CCAs offer the potential to optimize the execution of trades and the acquisition of a variety of high quality Research Services that the investment adviser might not be provided access to absent CCAs. The investment adviser will only enter into and utilize CCAs to the extent permitted by Section 28(e).
The investment companies sponsored by the investment adviser or its affiliates also may allocate brokerage commissions to acquire information relating to the performance, fees and expenses of such companies and other investment companies, which information is used by the members of the Board of such companies to fulfill their responsibility to oversee the quality of the services provided to various entities, including the investment adviser, to such companies. Such companies may also pay cash for such information.
Securities considered as investments for the Fund may also be appropriate for other investment accounts managed by the investment adviser or its affiliates. Whenever decisions are made to buy or sell securities by the Fund and one or more of such other accounts simultaneously, the investment adviser will allocate the security transactions (including new issues) in a manner which it believes to be equitable under the circumstances. As a result of such allocations, there may be instances where the Fund will not participate in a transaction that is allocated among other accounts. If an aggregated order cannot be filled completely, allocations will generally be made on a pro rata basis. An order may not be allocated on a pro rata basis where, for example: (i) consideration is given to portfolio managers who have been instrumental in developing or negotiating a particular investment; (ii) consideration is given to an account with specialized investment policies that coincide with the particulars of a specific investment; (iii) pro rata allocation would result in odd-lot or de minimis amounts being allocated to a portfolio or other client; or (iv) where the investment adviser reasonably determines that departure from a pro rata allocation is advisable. While these aggregation and allocation policies could have a detrimental effect on the price or amount of the securities available to the Fund from time to time, it is the opinion of the members of the Board that the benefits from the investment adviser organization outweigh any disadvantage that may arise from exposure to simultaneous transactions.
The following table shows brokerage commissions paid during periods indicated in each table, as well as the amount of Fund security transactions for the most recent fiscal year (if any) that were directed to firms that provided some Research Services to the investment adviser or its affiliates (see above), and the commissions paid in connection therewith.
Period End |
Brokerage Commissions Paid |
Amount of Transactions
|
Commissions Paid on
|
December 31, 2013 |
$ 52,978 |
$ 6,642,542 |
$ 52,574 |
December 31, 2012 |
$ 57,601 |
$ 5,096,119 |
$ 57,601 |
December 31, 2011 |
$ 163,094 |
$ 12,817,989 |
$ 163,094 |
During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Fund held securities of its regular brokers or dealers, as that term is defined in Rule 10b-1 of the 1940 Act, and the value of such securities as of the Funds fiscal year end was as follows:
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
36
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Fund and/or Portfolio |
Regular Broker or Dealer (or Parent) |
Aggregate Value |
Commodity Strategy Fund |
Citigroup, Inc. |
$2,463,656 |
|
Bank of America Corp. |
1,206,364 |
|
|
|
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The audited financial statements of, and the report of the independent registered public accounting firm for the Fund appear in its annual report to shareholders and are incorporated by reference into this SAI. A copy of the annual report accompanies this SAI.
Householding. Consistent with applicable law, duplicate mailings of shareholder reports and certain other Fund information to shareholders residing at the same address may be eliminated.
Registrant incorporates by reference the audited financial information and the report of the independent registered public accounting firm for the Fund for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, as previously filed electronically with the SEC (Accession No. 0001193125-14-069367).
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
Asset Coverage |
To the extent required by SEC guidelines, if a transaction exposes the Fund to an obligation of another party it will either: (1) enter an offsetting (covered) position for the same type of financial asset; or (2) segregate cash or liquid securities on the books of either the custodian or the investment adviser with a value sufficient at all times to cover its potential obligations not covered. Assets used as cover or segregated cannot be sold while the position(s) requiring cover is open unless replaced with other appropriate assets. As a result, if a large portion of assets is segregated or committed as cover, it could impede portfolio management, the ability to meet redemption requests, or other current obligations. The types of transactions that may require asset coverage include (but are not limited to) reverse repurchase agreements, repurchase agreements, short sales, securities lending, forward contracts, options, forward commitments, futures contracts, when-issued securities, swap agreements, residual interest bonds, and participation in revolving credit facilities. |
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
|
Valuations of such securities is highly speculative, however, dividends on auction rate preferred securities issued by a closed-end fund may be reported, generally on Form 1099, as exempt from federal income tax to the extent they are attributable to tax-exempt interest income earned by the Fund on the securities and distributed to holders of the preferred securities, provided that the preferred securities are treated as equity securities for federal income tax purposes, and the closed-end fund complies with certain requirements under the Code. Investments in auction rate preferred securities of closed-end funds are subject to limitations on investments in other U.S. registered investment companies, which limitations are prescribed by the 1940 Act. |
Average Effective Maturity |
Average effective maturity is a weighted average of all the maturities of bonds owned by the Fund. Average effective maturity takes into consideration all mortgage payments, puts and adjustable coupons. In the event the Fund invests in multiple Portfolios, its average weighted maturity is the sum of its allocable share of the average weighted maturity of each of the Portfolios in which it invests, which is determined by multiplying the Portfolios average weighted maturity by the Funds percentage ownership of that Portfolio. |
Borrowing for Investment Purposes |
Successful use of a borrowing strategy depends on the investment advisers ability to predict correctly interest rates and market movements. There is no assurance that a borrowing strategy will be successful. Upon the expiration of the term of the Funds existing credit arrangement, the lender may not be willing to extend further credit to the Fund or may be willing to do so at an increased cost to the Fund. If the Fund is not able to extend its credit arrangement, it may be required to liquidate holdings to repay amounts borrowed from the lender. Borrowing to increase investments generally will magnify the effect on the Funds net asset value of any increase or decrease in the value of the security purchased with the borrowings. Successful use of a borrowing strategy depends on the investment advisers ability to predict correctly interest rates and market movements. There can be no assurance that the use of borrowings will be successful. In connection with its borrowings, the Fund will be required to maintain specified asset coverage with respect to such borrowings by both the 1940 Act and the terms of its credit facility with the lender. The Fund may be required to dispose of portfolio investments on unfavorable terms if market fluctuations or other factors reduce the required asset coverage to less than the prescribed amount. Borrowings involve additional expense to the Fund. |
Borrowing for Temporary Purposes |
The Fund may borrow for temporary purposes (such as to satisfy redemption requests, to remain fully invested in advance of the settlement of share purchases, and to settle transactions). The Fund typically makes any such borrowings pursuant to an umbrella credit facility to which most of the Eaton Vance funds have access. The Funds ability to borrow under the credit facility is subject to its terms and conditions, which in some cases may limit the Funds ability to borrow under the facility. The credit facility is subject to an annual renewal, which cannot be assured. If the Fund does not have the ability to borrow for temporary purposes, it may be required to sell securities at inopportune times to meet short-term liquidity needs. Borrowings involve additional expense to the Fund. |
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
Build America Bonds |
Build America Bonds are taxable municipal obligations issued pursuant to the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (the Act) or other legislation providing for the issuance of taxable municipal debt on which the issuer receives federal support. Enacted in February 2009, the Act authorizes state and local governments to issue taxable bonds on which, assuming certain specified conditions are satisfied, issuers may either (i) receive reimbursement from the U.S. Treasury with respect to its interest payments on the bonds (direct pay Build America Bonds); or (ii) provide tax credits to investors in the bonds (tax credit Build America Bonds). Unlike most other municipal obligations, interest received on Build America Bonds is subject to federal income tax and may be subject to state income tax. Under the terms of the Act, issuers of direct pay Build America Bonds are entitled to receive reimbursement from the U.S. Treasury currently equal to 35% (or 45% in the case of Recovery Zone Economic Development Bonds) of the interest paid. Holders of tax credit Build America Bonds can receive a federal tax credit currently equal to 35% of the coupon interest received. The Fund may invest in principal only strips of tax credit Build America Bonds, which entitle the holder to receive par value of such bonds if held to maturity. The Fund does not expect to receive (or pass through to shareholders) tax credits as a result of its investments. The federal interest subsidy or tax credit continues for the life of the bonds. Build America Bonds are an alternative form of financing to state and local governments whose primary means for accessing the capital markets has been through issuance of tax-free municipal bonds. Build America Bonds can appeal to a broader array of investors than the high income U.S. taxpayers that have traditionally provided the market for municipal bonds. Build America Bonds may provide a lower net cost of funds to issuers. Pursuant to the terms of the Act, the issuance of Build America Bonds ceased on December 31, 2010. As a result, the availability of such bonds is limited and the market for the bonds and/or their liquidity may be affected. |
Call and Put Features on Obligations |
Issuers of obligations may reserve the right to call (redeem) the obligations. If an issuer redeems an obligation with a call right during a time of declining interest rates, the holder of the obligation may not be able to reinvest the proceeds in securities providing the same investment return as provided by the securities redeemed. Some obligations may have put or demand features that allow early redemption by the holder. Longer term fixed-rate bonds may give the holder a right to request redemption at certain times (often annually after the lapse of an intermediate term). This put or demand feature enhances an obligations liquidity by shortening its effective maturity and enables the security to trade at a price equal to or very close to par. If a demand feature terminates prior to being exercised, the holder of the obligation would be subject to the longer maturity of the obligation, which could experience substantially more volatility. Obligations with a put or demand feature are more defensive than conventional long term bonds (protecting to some degree against a rise in interest rates) while providing greater opportunity than comparable intermediate term bonds, because they can be retained if interest rates decline. |
Cash Equivalents |
Cash equivalents include short term, high quality, U.S. dollar denominated instruments such as commercial paper, certificates of deposit and bankers acceptances issued by U.S. or foreign banks, and Treasury bills and other obligations with a maturity of one year or less, including those issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies and instrumentalities. See U.S. Government Securities below. Certificates of deposit are certificates issued against funds deposited in a commercial bank, are for a definite period of time, earn a specified rate of return, and are normally negotiable. Bankers acceptances are short-term credit instruments used to finance the import, export, transfer or storage of goods. They are termed accepted when a bank guarantees their payment at maturity. |
|
The obligations of foreign branches of U.S. banks may be general obligations of the parent bank in addition to the issuing branch, or may be limited by the terms of a specific obligation and by governmental regulation. Payment of interest and principal upon these obligations may also be affected by governmental action in the country of domicile of the branch (generally referred to as sovereign risk). In addition, evidence of ownership of portfolio securities may be held outside of the U.S. and generally will be subject to the risks associated with the holding of such property overseas. Various provisions of U.S. law governing the establishment and operation of domestic branches do not apply to foreign branches of domestic banks. The obligations of U.S. branches of foreign banks may be general obligations of the parent bank in addition to the issuing branch, or may be limited by the terms of a specific obligation and by federal and state regulation as well as by governmental action in the country in which the foreign bank has its head office. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
40
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
41
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Commodity-Related Investments |
The value of commodities investments will generally be affected by overall market movements and factors specific to a particular industry or commodity, which may include weather, embargoes, tariffs, and health, political, international and regulatory developments. Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for commodities, which may reduce market prices and cause the value of Fund shares to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted. Exposure to commodities and commodities markets may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. No active trading market may exist for certain commodities investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such investments. In addition, adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of actively traded commodities investments. Certain types of commodities instruments (such as total return swaps and commodity-linked notes) are subject to the risk that the counterparty to the instrument will not perform or will be unable to perform in accordance with the terms of the instrument. To the extent commodity-related investments are held through the Subsidiary, the Subsidiary is not subject to U.S. laws (including securities laws) and their protections. The Subsidiary is subject to the laws of the Cayman Islands, a foreign jurisdiction, and can be affected by developments in that jurisdiction. |
|
Certain commodities are subject to limited pricing flexibility because of supply and demand factors. Others are subject to broad price fluctuations as a result of the volatility of the prices for certain raw materials and the instability of supplies of other materials. These additional variables may create additional investment risks and result in greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. The commodities that underlie commodity futures contracts and commodity swaps may be subject to additional economic and non-economic variables, such as drought, floods, weather, livestock disease, embargoes, tariffs, and international economic, political and regulatory developments. Unlike the financial futures markets, in the commodity futures markets there are costs of physical storage associated with purchasing the underlying commodity. The price of the commodity futures contract will reflect the storage costs of purchasing the physical commodity, including the time value of money invested in the physical commodity. To the extent that the storage costs for an underlying commodity change while the Fund is invested in futures contracts on that commodity, the value of the futures contract may change proportionately. |
|
In the commodity futures markets, producers of the underlying commodity may decide to hedge the price risk of selling the commodity by selling futures contracts today to lock in the price of the commodity at delivery tomorrow. In order to induce speculators to purchase the other side of the same futures contract, the commodity producer generally must sell the futures contract at a lower price than the expected future spot price. Conversely, if most hedgers in the futures market are purchasing futures contracts to hedge against a rise in prices, then speculators will only sell the other side of the futures contract at a higher futures price than the expected future spot price of the commodity. The changing nature of the hedgers and speculators in the commodity markets will influence whether futures prices are above or below the expected future spot price, which can have significant implications for the Fund. If the nature of hedgers and speculators in futures markets has shifted when it is time for the Fund to reinvest the proceeds of a maturing contract in a new futures contract, the Fund might reinvest at higher or lower futures prices, or choose to pursue other investments. |
Common Stocks |
Common stock represents an equity ownership interest in the issuing corporation. Holders of common stock generally have voting rights in the issuer and are entitled to receive common stock dividends when, as and if declared by the corporations board of directors. Common stock normally occupies the most subordinated position in an issuers capital structure. Returns on common stock investments consist of any dividends received plus the amount of appreciation or depreciation in the value of the stock. |
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
|
Although common stocks have historically generated higher average returns than fixed-income securities over the long term and particularly during periods of high or rising concerns about inflation, common stocks also have experienced significantly more volatility in returns and may not maintain their real value during inflationary periods. An adverse event, such as an unfavorable earnings report, may depress the value of a particular common stock. Also, the prices of common stocks are sensitive to general movements in the stock market and a drop in the stock market may depress the price of common stocks. Common stock prices fluctuate for many reasons, including changes in investors perceptions of the financial condition of an issuer or the general condition of the relevant stock market, or when political or economic events affecting the issuer occur. In addition, common stock prices may be sensitive to rising interest rates as the costs of capital rise and borrowing costs increase. |
Convertible Securities |
A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note, preferred security, or other security that entitles the holder to acquire common stock or other equity securities of the same or a different issuer. A convertible security entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on debt or the dividend paid on preferred securities until the convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Before conversion, convertible securities have characteristics similar to nonconvertible income securities in that they ordinarily provide a stable stream of income with generally higher yields than those of common stocks of the same or similar issuers, but lower yields than comparable nonconvertible securities. The value of a convertible security is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other factors also may have an effect on the convertible securitys investment value. A convertible security ranks senior to common stock in a corporations capital structure but is usually subordinated to comparable nonconvertible securities. Convertible securities may be purchased for their appreciation potential when they yield more than the underlying securities at the time of purchase or when they are considered to present less risk of principal loss than the underlying securities. Generally speaking, the interest or dividend yield of a convertible security is somewhat less than that of a non-convertible security of similar quality issued by the same company. A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible securitys governing instrument. |
|
Convertible securities are issued and traded in a number of securities markets. Even in cases where a substantial portion of the convertible securities held by the Fund are denominated in U.S. dollars, the underlying equity securities may be quoted in the currency of the country where the issuer is domiciled. As a result, fluctuations in the exchange rate between the currency in which the debt security is denominated and the currency in which the share price is quoted will affect the value of the convertible security. With respect to convertible securities denominated in a currency different from that of the underlying equity securities, the conversion price may be based on a fixed exchange rate established at the time the securities are issued, which may increase the effects of currency risk. |
|
Holders of convertible securities generally have a claim on the assets of the issuer prior to the common stockholders but may be subordinated to other debt securities of the same issuer. Certain convertible debt securities may provide a put option to the holder, which entitles the holder to cause the securities to be redeemed by the issuer at a premium over the stated principal amount of the debt securities under certain circumstances. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
43
SAI dated May 1, 2014
|
Certain convertible securities may include loss absorption characteristics that make the securities more equity-like. This is particularly true in the financial services sector. While loss absorption language is relatively rare in the convertible securities markets today, it may become more prevalent. One convertible security with loss absorption characteristics is the contingent convertible security (sometimes referred to as a CoCo). These securities provide for mandatory conversion into common stock of the issuer under certain circumstances. The mandatory conversion might be automatically triggered for instance, if a company fails to meet the capital minimum described in the security, the companys regulator makes a determination that the security should convert, or the company receives specified levels of extraordinary public support. Since the common stock of the issuer may not pay a dividend, investors in these instruments could experience a reduced income rate, potentially to zero; and conversion would deepen the subordination of the investor, hence worsening standing in a bankruptcy. In addition, some such instruments have a set stock conversion rate that would cause an automatic write-down of capital if the price of the stock is below the conversion price on the conversion date. In another version of a security with loss absorption characteristics, the liquidation value of the security may be adjusted downward to below the original par value under certain circumstances similar to those that would trigger a CoCo. The write down of the par value would occur automatically and would not entitle the holders to seek bankruptcy of the company. In certain versions of the instruments, the notes will write down to zero under certain circumstances and investors could lose everything, even as the issuer remains in business. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
44
SAI dated May 1, 2014
|
Synthetic convertible securities may include either cash-settled convertibles or manufactured convertibles. Cash-settled convertibles are instruments that are created by the issuer and have the economic characteristics of traditional convertible securities but may not actually permit conversion into the underlying equity securities in all circumstances. As an example, a private company may issue a cash-settled convertible that is convertible into common stock only if the company successfully completes a public offering of its common stock prior to maturity and otherwise pays a cash amount to reflect any equity appreciation. Manufactured convertibles are created by the investment adviser or another party by combining separate securities that possess one of the two principal characteristics of a convertible security, i.e. , fixed-income (fixed-income component) or a right to acquire equity securities (convertibility component). The fixed-income component is achieved by investing in nonconvertible fixed-income securities, such as nonconvertible bonds, preferred securities and money market instruments. The convertibility component is achieved by investing in call options, warrants, or other securities with equity conversion features (equity features) granting the holder the right to purchase a specified quantity of the underlying stocks within a specified period of time at a specified price or, in the case of a stock index option, the right to receive a cash payment based on the value of the underlying stock index. A manufactured convertible differs from traditional convertible securities in several respects. Unlike a traditional convertible security, which is a single security that has a unitary market value, a manufactured convertible is comprised of two or more separate securities, each with its own market value. Therefore, the total market value of such a manufactured convertible is the sum of the values of its fixed-income component and its convertibility component. More flexibility is possible in the creation of a manufactured convertible than in the purchase of a traditional convertible security. Because many corporations have not issued convertible securities, the investment adviser may combine a fixed-income instrument and an equity feature with respect to the stock of the issuer of the fixed-income instrument to create a synthetic convertible security otherwise unavailable in the market. The investment adviser may also combine a fixed-income instrument of an issuer with an equity feature with respect to the stock of a different issuer when the investment adviser believes such a manufactured convertible would better promote the Funds objective than alternative investments. For example, the investment adviser may combine an equity feature with respect to an issuers stock with a fixed-income security of a different issuer in the same industry to diversify the Funds credit exposure, or with a U.S. Treasury instrument to create a manufactured convertible with a higher credit profile than a traditional convertible security issued by that issuer. A manufactured convertible also is a more flexible investment in that its two components may be purchased separately and, upon purchasing the separate securities, combined to create a manufactured convertible. For example, the Fund may purchase a warrant for eventual inclusion in a manufactured convertible while postponing the purchase of a suitable bond to pair with the warrant pending development of more favorable market conditions. The value of a manufactured convertible may respond to certain market fluctuations differently from a traditional convertible security with similar characteristics. For example, in the event the Fund created a manufactured convertible by combining a short-term U.S. Treasury instrument and a call option on a stock, the manufactured convertible would be expected to outperform a traditional convertible of similar maturity that is convertible into that stock during periods when Treasury instruments outperform corporate fixed-income securities and underperform during periods when corporate fixed-income securities outperform Treasury instruments. |
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
Credit Linked Securities |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Credit linked securities are issued by a limited purpose trust or other vehicle that, in turn, invests in a derivative instrument or basket of derivative instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps, and other securities in order to provide exposure to certain fixed-income markets. Credit linked securities may be used as a cash management tool in order to gain exposure to a certain market and to remain fully invested when more traditional income producing securities are not available. Like an investment in a bond, investments in credit linked securities represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in the form of distributions) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the security. However, these payments are conditioned on the issuers receipt of payments from, and the issuers potential obligations to, the counterparties to the derivative instruments and other securities in which the issuer invests. An issuer may sell one or more credit default swaps, under which the issuer would receive a stream of payments over the term of the swap agreements provided that no event of default has occurred with respect to the referenced debt obligation upon which the swap is based. If a default occurs, the stream of payments may stop and the issuer would be obligated to pay the counterparty the par (or other agreed upon value) of the referenced debt obligation. This, in turn, would reduce the amount of income and principal that the holder of the credit linked security would receive. Credit linked securities generally will be exempt from registration under the 1933 Act. Accordingly, there may be no established trading market for the securities and they may constitute illiquid investments. |
Derivative Instruments and Related Risks |
Generally, derivatives can be characterized as financial instruments whose performance is derived at least in part from the performance of an underlying reference instrument. Derivative instruments may be acquired in the United States or abroad and include the various types of exchange-traded and over-the-counter (OTC) instruments described herein and other instruments with substantially similar characteristics and risks. Derivative instruments may be based on securities, indices, currencies, commodities, economic indicators and events (referred to as reference instruments). Fund obligations created pursuant to derivative instruments may be subject to the requirements described under Asset Coverage herein. |
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Derivative instruments are subject to a number of risks, including adverse or unexpected movements in the price of the reference instrument, and counterparty, liquidity, tax, correlation and leverage risks. Use of derivative instruments may cause the realization of higher amounts of short-term capital gains (generally taxed at ordinary income tax rates) than if such instruments had not been used. Success in using derivative instruments to hedge portfolio assets depends on the degree of price correlation between the derivative instruments and the hedged asset. Imperfect correlation may be caused by several factors, including temporary price disparities among the trading markets for the derivative instrument, the reference instrument and the Funds assets. To the extent that a derivative instrument is intended to hedge against an event that does not occur, the Fund may realize losses. |
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OTC derivative instruments involve an additional risk in that the issuer or counterparty may fail to perform its contractual obligations. Some derivative instruments are not readily marketable or may become illiquid under adverse market conditions. In addition, during periods of market volatility, a commodity exchange may suspend or limit trading in an exchange-traded derivative instrument, which may make the contract temporarily illiquid and difficult to price. Commodity exchanges may also establish daily limits on the amount that the price of a futures contract or futures option can vary from the previous days settlement price. Once the daily limit is reached, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond the limit. This may prevent the closing out of positions to limit losses. The staff of the SEC takes the position that certain purchased OTC options, and assets used as cover for written OTC options, are illiquid. The ability to terminate OTC derivative instruments may depend on the cooperation of the counterparties to such contracts. For thinly traded derivative instruments, the only source of price quotations may be the selling dealer or counterparty. In addition, certain provisions of the Code limit the use of derivative instruments. Derivatives permit the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, to which its portfolio is exposed in much the same way as the Fund can increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, of its portfolio by making investments in specific securities. There can be no assurance that the use of derivative instruments will benefit the Fund. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
46
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Direct Investments |
Direct investments include (i) the private purchase from an enterprise of an equity interest in the enterprise in the form of shares of common stock or equity interests in trusts, partnerships, joint ventures or similar enterprises, and (ii) the purchase of such an equity interest in an enterprise from a principal investor in the enterprise. At the time of making a direct investment, the Fund will enter into a shareholder or similar agreement with the enterprise and one or more other holders of equity interests in the enterprise. These agreements may, in appropriate circumstances, provide the ability to appoint a representative to the board of directors or similar body of the enterprise and for eventual disposition of the investment in the enterprise. Such a representative would be expected to monitor the investment and protect the Funds rights in the investment and would not be appointed for the purpose of exercising management or control of the enterprise. |
Diversified Status |
With respect to 75% of its total assets, an investment company that is registered with the SEC as a diversified fund: (1) may not invest more than 5% of its total assets in the securities of any one issuer (except obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities and securities of other investment companies); and (2) may not own more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer. |
Dividend Capture Trading |
In a dividend capture trade, the Fund sells a stock that has gone ex-dividend to purchase another stock paying a dividend before the next dividend of the stock being sold. The use of a dividend capture trading strategy exposes the Fund to higher portfolio turnover, increased trading costs and potential for capital loss or gain, particularly in the event of significant short-term price movements of stocks subject to dividend capture trading. |
Duration |
Duration measures the time-weighted expected cash flows of a fixed-income security, which can determine its sensitivity to changes in the general level of interest rates. Securities with longer durations generally tend to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than securities with shorter durations. A mutual fund with a longer dollar-weighted average duration generally can be expected to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than a fund with a shorter dollar-weighted average duration. Duration differs from maturity in that it considers a securitys coupon payments in addition to the amount of time until the security matures. Various techniques may be used to shorten or lengthen Fund duration. As the value of a security changes over time, so will its duration. The duration of a Fund that invests in multiple Portfolios is the sum of its allocable share of the duration of each of the Portfolios in which it invests, which is determined by multiplying the Portfolios duration by the Funds percentage ownership of that Portfolio. |
Emerging Market Investments |
The risks described under Foreign Investments herein generally are heightened in connection with investments in emerging markets. Also, investments in securities of issuers domiciled in countries with emerging capital markets may involve certain additional risks that do not generally apply to investments in securities of issuers in more developed capital markets, such as (i) low or non-existent trading volume, resulting in a lack of liquidity and increased volatility in prices for such securities, as compared to securities of comparable issuers in more developed capital markets; (ii) uncertain national policies and social, political and economic instability, increasing the potential for expropriation of assets, confiscatory taxation, high rates of inflation or unfavorable diplomatic developments; (iii) possible fluctuations in exchange rates, differing legal systems and the existence or possible imposition of exchange controls, custodial restrictions or other foreign or U.S. governmental laws or restrictions applicable to such investments; (iv) national policies that may limit investment opportunities, such as restrictions on investment in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to national interests; and (v) the lack or relatively early development of legal structures governing private and foreign investments and private property. Trading practices in emerging markets also may be less developed, resulting in inefficiencies relative to trading in more developed markets, which may result in increased transaction costs. |
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Repatriation of investment income, capital and proceeds of sales by foreign investors may require governmental registration and/or approval in emerging market countries. There can be no assurance that repatriation of income, gain or initial capital from these countries will occur. In addition to withholding taxes on investment income, some countries with emerging markets may impose differential capital gains taxes on foreign investors. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
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Political and economic structures in emerging market countries may undergo significant evolution and rapid development, and these countries may lack the social, political and economic stability characteristic of more developed countries. In such a dynamic environment, there can be no assurance that any or all of these capital markets will continue to present viable investment opportunities. In the past, governments of such nations have expropriated substantial amounts of private property, and most claims of the property owners have never been fully settled. There is no assurance that such expropriations will not reoccur. In such an event, it is possible that the entire value of an investment in the affected market could be lost. In addition, unanticipated political or social developments may affect the value of investments in these countries and the availability of additional investments. The small size and inexperience of the securities markets in certain of these countries and the limited volume of trading in securities in these countries may make investments in the countries illiquid and more volatile than investments in developed markets. |
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Also, there may be less publicly available information about issuers in emerging markets than would be available about issuers in more developed capital markets, and such issuers may not be subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and requirements comparable to those to which U.S. companies are subject. In certain countries with emerging capital markets, reporting standards vary widely. As a result, traditional investment measurements used in the United States, such as price/earnings ratios, may not be applicable. Certain emerging market securities may be held by a limited number of persons. This may adversely affect the timing and pricing of the acquisition or disposal of securities. The prices at which investments may be acquired may be affected by trading by persons with material non-public information and by securities transactions by brokers in anticipation of transactions in particular securities. |
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Practices in relation to settlement of securities transactions in emerging markets involve higher risks than those in developed markets, in part because brokers and counterparties in such markets may be less well capitalized, and custody and registration of assets in some countries may be unreliable. The possibility of fraud, negligence, undue influence being exerted by the issuer or refusal to recognize ownership exists in some emerging markets. As an alternative to investing directly in emerging markets, exposure may be obtained through derivative investments. |
Equity Investments |
Equity investments include common and preferred stocks (see Preferred Securities); depositary receipts; equity interests in trusts, partnerships, joint ventures and other unincorporated entities or enterprises; convertible preferred securities and other convertible debt instruments; and rights and warrants. |
Equity Linked Securities |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Equity linked securities are privately issued securities whose investment results are designed to correspond generally to the performance of a specified stock index or basket of securities, or sometimes a single stock. These securities are used for many of the same purposes as derivative instruments and share many of the same risks. Equity linked securities may be considered illiquid and thus subject to the Funds restrictions on investments in illiquid securities. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
48
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Events Regarding FNMA and FHLMC |
The value of FNMA and FHLMC securities fell sharply in 2008 due to concerns that these agencies did not have sufficient capital to offset losses. In mid-2008, the U.S. Treasury Department was authorized to increase the size of home loans that FNMA and FHLMC could purchase in certain residential areas and, until 2009, to lend FNMA and FHLMC emergency funds and to purchase the companies stock. In September 2008, the U.S. Treasury Department announced that FNMA and FHLMC had been placed in conservatorship by the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA), a newly created independent regulator. In connection with the conservatorship, the U.S. Treasury Department entered into Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreements (PSPAs) under which, if the FHFA determines that the liabilities of FNMA and FHLMC have exceeded their assets under generally accepted accounting principles, the U.S. Treasury Department will contribute cash capital to the company in an amount equal to the difference between liabilities and assets. The PSPAs are designed to provide protection to the senior and subordinated debt and the MBS issued by FNMA and FHLMC. On February 18, 2009, the U.S. Treasury Department announced that it was doubling the size of its commitment to each of FNMA and FHLMC under the Senior Preferred Stock Program to $200 billion. The U.S. Treasury Departments obligations under the Senior Preferred Stock Program are for an indefinite period of time for a maximum amount of $200 billion per entity. FNMA and FHLMC are continuing to operate as going concerns while in conservatorship, and each remains liable for all of its obligations, including its guaranty obligations, associated with its mortgage-backed securities. The Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement is intended to enhance each of FNMA and FHLMCs ability to meet its obligations. FHFA has indicated that the conservatorship of each entity will end when the director of FHFA determines that FHFAs plan to restore the entity to a safe and solvent condition has been completed. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Treasury Department initiatives discussed above with respect to the debt and mortgage-backed securities issued by FNMA and FHLMC will be successful. |
Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) |
ETFs are pooled investment vehicles that are designed to provide investment results corresponding to an index. These indexes may be either broad-based, sector or international. ETFs usually are units of beneficial interest in an investment trust or represent undivided ownership interests in a portfolio of securities (or commodities), in each case with respect to a portfolio of all or substantially all of the component securities of, and in substantially the same weighting as, the relevant benchmark index. ETFs are designed to provide investment results that generally correspond to the price and yield performance of the component securities (or commodities) of the benchmark index. ETFs are listed on an exchange and trade in the secondary market on a per-share basis. The values of ETFs are subject to change as the values of their respective component securities (or commodities) fluctuate according to market volatility. Investments in ETFs may not exactly match the performance of a direct investment in the respective indices to which they are intended to correspond due to the temporary unavailability of certain index securities in the secondary market or other extraordinary circumstances, such as discrepancies with respect to the weighting of securities. Typically, the ETF bears its own operational expenses, which are deducted from its assets. To the extent that the Fund invests in ETFs, the Fund must bear these expenses in addition to the expenses of its own operation. |
Exchange-Traded Notes (ETNs) |
ETNs are senior, unsecured, unsubordinated debt securities whose returns are linked to the performance of a particular market benchmark or strategy minus applicable fees. ETNs are traded on an exchange during normal trading hours. However, investors can also hold the ETN until maturity. At maturity, the issuer pays to the investor a cash amount equal to the principal amount, subject to the days market benchmark or strategy factor. |
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ETNs do not make periodic coupon payments or provide principal protection. ETNs are subject to credit risk and the value of the ETN may drop due to a downgrade in the issuers credit rating, despite the underlying market benchmark or strategy remaining unchanged. The value of an ETN may also be influenced by time to maturity, level of supply and demand for the ETN, volatility and lack of liquidity in underlying assets, changes in the applicable interest rates, changes in the issuers credit rating, and economic, legal, political, or geographic events that affect the referenced underlying asset. When the Fund invests in ETNs it will bear its proportionate share of any fees and expenses borne by the ETN. The Funds decision to sell its ETN holdings may be limited by the availability of a secondary market. In addition, although an ETN may be listed on an exchange, the issuer may not be required to maintain the listing and there can be no assurance that a secondary market will exist for an ETN. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
49
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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ETNs are subject to tax risk. No assurance can be given that the IRS will accept, or a court will uphold, how the Fund characterizes and treats ETNs for tax purposes. Further, the IRS and Congress are considering proposals that would change the timing and character of income and gains from ETNs. |
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An ETN that is tied to a specific market benchmark or strategy may not be able to replicate and maintain exactly the composition and relative weighting of securities, commodities or other components in the applicable market benchmark or strategy. Some ETNs that use leverage can, at times, be relatively illiquid and, thus, they may be difficult to purchase or sell at a fair price. Leveraged ETNs are subject to the same risk as other instruments that use leverage in any form. |
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The market value of ETN shares may differ from that of their market benchmark or strategy. This difference in price may be due to the fact that the supply and demand in the market for ETN shares at any point in time is not always identical to the supply and demand in the market for the securities, commodities or other components underlying the market benchmark or strategy that the ETN seeks to track. As a result, there may be times when an ETN share trades at a premium or discount to its market benchmark or strategy. |
Fixed-Income Securities |
Fixed-income securities are used by issuers to borrow money. Fixed-income securities include bonds, preferred, preference and convertible securities, notes, debentures, asset-backed securities (including those backed by mortgages), loan participations and assignments, equipment lease certificates, equipment trust certificates and conditional sales contracts. Generally, issuers of fixed-income securities pay investors periodic interest and repay the amount borrowed either periodically during the life of the security and/or at maturity. Some fixed-income securities, such as zero coupon bonds, do not pay current interest, but are purchased at a discount from their face values, and values accumulate over time to face value at maturity. The market prices of fixed-income securities fluctuate depending on such factors as interest rates, credit quality and maturity. In general, market prices of fixed-income securities decline when interest rates rise and increase when interest rates fall. Fixed-income securities are subject to risk factors such as sensitivity to interest rate and real or perceived changes in economic conditions, payment expectations, liquidity and valuation. Fixed-income securities with longer maturities (for example, over ten years) are more affected by changes in interest rates and provide less price stability than securities with short-term maturities (for example, one to ten years). Fixed-income securities bear the risk of principal and interest default by the issuer, which will be greater with higher yielding, lower grade securities. During an economic downturn, the ability of issuers to service their debt may be impaired. The rating assigned to a fixed-income security by a rating agency does not reflect assessment of the volatility of the securitys market value or of the liquidity of an investment in the securities. Credit ratings are based largely on the issuers historical financial condition and a rating agencys investment analysis at the time of rating, and the rating assigned to any particular security is not necessarily a reflection of the issuers current financial condition. Credit quality can change from time to time, and recently issued credit ratings may not fully reflect the actual risks posed by a particular high yield security. If relevant to the Fund(s) in this SAI, corporate bond ratings are described in an appendix to the SAI (see the table of contents). While typically paying a fixed rate of income, preferred securities may be considered to be equity securities for purposes of the Funds investment restrictions. |
Foreign Currency Transactions |
As measured in U.S. dollars, the value of assets denominated in foreign currencies may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in foreign currency rates and exchange control regulations. Currency exchange rates can also be affected unpredictably by intervention by U.S. or foreign governments or central banks, or the failure to intervene, or by currency controls or political developments in the United States or abroad. Foreign currency exchange transactions may be conducted on a spot ( i.e. , cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign currency exchange market or through entering into derivative currency transactions (see Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts, Option Contracts, Futures Contracts and Swap Agreements Currency Swaps herein). Currency transactions are subject to the risk of a number of complex political and economic factors applicable to the countries issuing the underlying currencies. Furthermore, unlike trading in most other types of instruments, there is no systematic reporting of last sale information with respect to the foreign currencies underlying the derivative currency transactions. As a result, available information may not be complete. In an over-the-counter trading environment, there are no daily price fluctuation limits. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
50
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Foreign Investments |
Investing in securities issued by companies whose principal business activities are outside the United States may involve significant risks not present in domestic investments. For example, because foreign companies may not be subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, practices and requirements and regulatory measures comparable to those applicable to U.S. companies, there may be less publicly available information about a foreign company than about a domestic company. Volume and liquidity in most foreign debt markets is less than in the United States and securities of some foreign companies are less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. companies. There is generally less government supervision and regulation of securities exchanges, broker-dealers and listed companies than in the United States. In addition, with respect to certain foreign countries, there is the possibility of nationalization, expropriation or confiscatory taxation, currency blockage, political or social instability, or diplomatic developments, which could affect investments in those countries. Any of these actions could adversely affect securities prices, impair the Funds ability to purchase or sell foreign securities, or transfer the Funds assets or income back to the United States, or otherwise adversely affect Fund operations. In the event of nationalization, expropriation or confiscation, the Fund could lose its entire investment in that country. |
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Other potential foreign market risks include exchange controls, difficulties in valuing securities, defaults on foreign government securities, and difficulties of enforcing favorable legal judgments in foreign courts. Moreover, individual foreign economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as growth of gross national product, reinvestment of capital, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, and balance of payments position. Certain economies may rely heavily on particular industries or foreign capital and are more vulnerable to diplomatic developments, the imposition of economic sanctions against a particular country or countries, changes in international trading patterns, trade barriers, and other protectionist or retaliatory measures. Foreign securities markets, while growing in volume and sophistication, are generally not as developed as those in the United States. Foreign countries may not have the infrastructure or resources to respond to natural and other disasters that interfere with economic activities, which may adversely affect issuers located in such countries. |
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Settlement and clearance procedures in certain foreign markets differ significantly from those in the United States. Payment for securities before delivery may be required and in some countries delayed settlements are customary, which increases the Funds risk of loss. The Fund generally holds its foreign securities and related cash in foreign banks and securities depositories. Some foreign banks and securities depositories may be recently organized or new to the foreign custody business. In addition, there may be limited or no regulatory oversight over their operations. Also, the laws of certain countries may put limits on the Funds ability to recover its assets if a foreign bank, depository or issuer of a security or any of their agents goes bankrupt. Certain countries may require withholding on dividends paid on portfolio securities and on realized capital gains. |
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In addition, it is often more expensive to buy, sell and hold securities in certain foreign markets than in the United States. Foreign brokerage commissions are generally higher than commissions on securities traded in the United States and may be non-negotiable. The fees paid to foreign banks and securities depositories generally are higher than those charged by U.S. banks and depositories. The increased expense of investing in foreign markets reduces the amount earned on investments and typically results in a higher operating expense ratio for the Fund as compared to investment companies that invest only in the United States. |
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Depositary receipts (including American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) and Global Depositary Receipts GDRs)) are certificates evidencing ownership of shares of a foreign issuer and are alternatives to directly purchasing the underlying foreign securities in their national markets and currencies. However, they continue to be subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities. These risks include the political and economic risks of the underlying issuers country, as well as in the case of depositary receipts traded on foreign markets, exchange risk. Depositary receipts may be sponsored or unsponsored. Unsponsored depositary receipts are established without the participation of the issuer. As a result, available information concerning the issuer of an unsponsored depository receipt may not be as current as for sponsored depositary receipts, and the prices of unsponsored depositary receipts may be more volatile than if such instruments were sponsored by the issuer. Unsponsored depositary receipts may involve higher expenses, may not pass through voting or other shareholder rights and they may be less liquid. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
51
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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Unless otherwise provided in the Prospectus, in determining the domicile of an issuer, the investment adviser may consider the domicile determination of the Funds benchmark index or a leading provider of global indexes and may take into account such factors as where the companys securities are listed, and where the company is legally organized, maintains principal corporate offices and/or conducts its principal operations. |
Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. A forward foreign currency exchange contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. These contracts may be bought or sold to protect against an adverse change in the relationship between currencies or to increase exposure to a particular foreign currency. Cross-hedging may be done by using forward contracts in one currency (or basket of currencies) to hedge against fluctuations in the value of instruments denominated in a different currency (or the basket of currencies and the underlying currency). Use of a different foreign currency (for hedging or non-hedging purposes) magnifies exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. Forward foreign currency exchange contracts are individually negotiated and privately traded so they are dependent upon the creditworthiness of the counterparty. The precise matching of the forward contract amounts and the value of the instruments denominated in the corresponding currencies will not generally be possible. In addition, it may not be possible to hedge against long-term currency changes. |
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When a currency is difficult to hedge or to hedge against the U.S. dollar, the Fund may enter into a forward contract to sell a currency whose changes in value are generally considered to be linked to such currency. Currency transactions can result in losses if the currency being hedged fluctuates in value to a degree or in a direction that is not anticipated. In addition, there is the risk that the perceived linkage between various currencies may not be present or may not be present during the particular time the hedge is in place. If the Fund purchases a bond denominated in a foreign currency with a higher interest rate than is available on U.S. bonds of a similar maturity, the additional yield on the foreign bond could be substantially reduced or lost if the Fund were to enter into a direct hedge by selling the foreign currency and purchasing the U.S. dollar. |
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Some of the forward foreign currency exchange contracts may be classified as non-deliverable forwards (NDFs). NDFs are cash-settled, forward contracts that may be thinly traded. NDFs are commonly quoted for time periods of one month up to two years, and are normally quoted and settled in U.S. dollars, but may be settled in other currencies. They are often used to gain exposure to or hedge exposure to foreign currencies that are not internationally traded. NDFs may also be used to gain or hedge exposure to gold. |
Forward Rate Agreements |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Under a forward rate agreement, the buyer locks in an interest rate at a future settlement date. If the interest rate on the settlement date exceeds the lock rate, the buyer pays the seller the difference between the two rates. If the lock rate exceeds the interest rate on the settlement date, the seller pays the buyer the difference between the two rates. Any such gain received by the Fund would be taxable. These instruments are traded in the OTC market. |
Fund Investing in a Portfolio |
The Board may discontinue the Funds investment in one or more Portfolios if it determines that it is in the best interest of the Fund and its shareholders to do so. In such an event, the Board would consider what action might be taken, including investing Fund assets in another pooled investment entity or retaining an investment adviser to manage Fund assets in accordance with its investment objective(s). The Funds investment performance and expense ratio may be affected if its investment structure is changed or if another Portfolio investor withdraws all or a portion of its investment in the Portfolio. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
52
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Futures Contracts |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Futures contracts are standardized contracts that obligate a purchaser to take delivery, and a seller to make delivery, of a specific amount of the underlying reference instrument at a specified future date at a specified price. These contracts are traded on exchanges, so that, in most cases, either party can close out its position on the exchange for cash, without delivering the underlying asset. Upon purchasing or selling a futures contract, a purchaser or seller is required to deposit collateral (initial margin). Each day thereafter until the futures position is closed, the purchaser or seller will pay additional margin (variation margin) representing any loss experienced as a result of the futures position the prior day or be entitled to a payment representing any profit experienced as a result of the futures position the prior day. A public market exists in futures contracts covering a number of indexes as well as financial instruments and foreign currencies. It is expected that other futures contracts will be developed and traded in the future. In computing daily net asset value, the Fund will mark to market its open futures positions. The Fund is also required to deposit and maintain margin with respect to put and call options on futures contracts written by it. Futures contracts are traded on exchanges or boards of trade that are licensed by the CFTC and must be executed through a futures commission merchant or brokerage firm that is a member of the relevant exchange or board. |
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Although some futures contracts call for making or taking delivery of the underlying reference instrument, generally these obligations are closed out prior to delivery by offsetting purchases or sales of matching futures contracts (same exchange, underlying security or index, and delivery month). Closing a futures contract sale is effected by purchasing a futures contract for the same aggregate amount of the specific type of financial instrument or commodity with the same delivery date. If an offsetting purchase price is less than the original sale price, the Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is more, the Fund realizes a capital loss. Conversely, if an offsetting sale price is more than the original purchase price, the Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is less, the Fund realizes a capital loss. |
Global Natural Resources Companies |
To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may concentrate its investments in global natural resources companies. |
Health Sciences Companies |
To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may concentrate its investments in health sciences companies. |
High Yield Securities |
High yield securities (commonly referred to as junk bonds) are considered to be of below investment grade quality and generally provide greater income potential and/or increased opportunity for capital appreciation than investments in higher quality debt securities but they also typically entail greater potential price volatility and principal and income risk. High yield securities may be subject to higher risk and include certain corporate debt obligations, higher yielding preferred securities and mortgage-related securities, and securities convertible into the foregoing. They are regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the entitys continuing ability to meet principal and interest payments. Also, their yields and market values may fluctuate more than higher rated securities. Fluctuations in value do not affect the cash income from the securities, but are reflected in the Funds net asset value. The greater risks and fluctuations in yield and value occur, in part, because investors generally perceive issuers of lower rated and unrated securities to be less creditworthy. The secondary market on which high yield securities are traded may be less liquid than the market for higher grade securities. |
Hybrid Instruments |
A hybrid instrument is a type of potentially high-risk derivative that combines a traditional stock, bond, or commodity with an option or forward contract. Generally, the principal amount, amount payable upon maturity or redemption, or interest rate of a hybrid is tied (positively or negatively) to the price of some commodity, currency or securities index or another interest rate or some other economic factor (each a benchmark). The interest rate or (unlike most fixed-income securities) the principal amount payable at maturity of a hybrid security may be increased or decreased, depending on changes in the value of the benchmark. An example of a hybrid instrument is a bond issued by an oil company that pays a small base level of interest with additional interest that accrues in correlation to the extent to which oil prices exceed a certain predetermined level. Such a hybrid instrument would be a combination of a bond and a call option on oil. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
53
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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The risks of investing in hybrid instruments reflect a combination of the risks of investing in securities, options, futures and currencies. An investment in a hybrid instrument may entail significant risks that are not associated with a similar investment in a traditional debt instrument that has a fixed principal amount, is denominated in U.S. dollars or bears interest either at a fixed rate or a floating rate determined by reference to a common, nationally published benchmark. The risks of a particular hybrid instrument will depend upon the terms of the instrument, but may include the possibility of significant changes in the benchmark(s) or the prices of the underlying assets to which the instrument is linked. Such risks generally depend upon factors unrelated to the operations or credit quality of the issuer of the hybrid instrument, which may not be foreseen by the purchaser, such as economic and political events, the supply and demand of the underlying assets and interest rate movements. Hybrid instruments may be highly volatile and their use by the Fund may not be successful. Hybrid instruments may also carry liquidity risk since the instruments are often customized to meet the portfolio needs of a particular investor, and therefore, the number of investors that are willing and able to buy such instruments in the secondary market may be smaller than that for more traditional debt securities. |
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Hybrid instruments may bear interest or pay preferred dividends at below market (or even relatively nominal) rates. Alternatively, hybrid instruments may bear interest at above market rates but bear an increased risk of principal loss (or gain). The latter scenario may result if leverage is used to structure the hybrid instrument. Leverage risk occurs when the hybrid instrument is structured so that a given change in a benchmark or underlying asset is multiplied to produce a greater value change in the hybrid instrument, thereby magnifying the risk of loss as well as the potential for gain. |
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Hybrid instruments are potentially more volatile and carry greater market risks than traditional debt instruments. Depending on the structure of the particular hybrid instrument, changes in a benchmark may be magnified by the terms of the hybrid instrument and have an even more dramatic and substantial effect upon the value of the hybrid instrument. Also, the prices of the hybrid instrument and the benchmark or underlying asset may not move in the same direction or at the same time. |
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Hybrids can be used as an efficient means of pursuing a variety of investment goals, including currency hedging, duration management, and increased total return and creating exposure to a particular market or segment of that market. The value of a hybrid or its interest rate may be a multiple of a benchmark and, as a result, may be leveraged and move (up or down) more steeply and rapidly than the benchmark. These benchmarks may be sensitive to economic and political events, such as commodity shortages and currency devaluations, which cannot be readily foreseen by the purchaser of a hybrid. Under certain conditions, the redemption value of a hybrid could be zero. The purchase of hybrids also exposes the Fund to the credit risk of the issuer of the hybrids. These risks may cause significant fluctuations in the net asset value of the Fund. |
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Certain hybrid instruments may provide exposure to the commodities markets. These are derivative securities with one or more commodity-linked components that have payment features similar to commodity futures contracts, commodity options, or similar instruments. Commodity-linked hybrid instruments may be either equity or debt securities, leveraged or unleveraged, and are considered hybrid instruments because they have both security and commodity-like characteristics. A portion of the value of these instruments may be derived from the value of a commodity, futures contract, index or other economic variable. The Fund will invest only in commodity-linked hybrid instruments that qualify under applicable rules of the CFTC for an exemption from the provisions of the CEA. Certain issuers of structured products such as hybrid instruments may be deemed to be investment companies as defined in the 1940 Act. As a result, the Funds investments in these products may be subject to limits applicable to investments in investment companies and may be subject to restrictions contained in the 1940 Act. |
Illiquid Securities |
Illiquid securities include securities legally restricted as to resale, and may include commercial paper issued pursuant to Section 4(2) of the 1933 Act and securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A thereunder. Section 4(2) and Rule 144A securities may, however, be treated as liquid by the investment adviser pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board, which require consideration of factors such as trading activity, availability of market quotations and number of dealers willing to purchase the security. Even if determined to be liquid, Rule 144A securities may increase the level of portfolio illiquidity if eligible buyers become uninterested in purchasing such securities. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
54
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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It may be difficult to sell illiquid securities at a price representing fair value until such time as the securities may be sold publicly. It also may be more difficult to determine the fair value of such securities for purposes of computing the Funds net asset value. Where registration is required, a considerable period of time may elapse between a decision to sell the securities and the time when the Fund would be permitted to sell. Thus, the Fund may not be able to obtain as favorable a price as that prevailing at the time of the decision to sell. The Fund may incur additional expense when disposing of illiquid securities, including all or a portion of the cost to register the securities. The Fund also may acquire securities through private placements under which it may agree to contractual restrictions on the resale of such securities that are in addition to applicable legal restrictions. Such restrictions might prevent the sale of such securities at a time when such sale would otherwise be desirable. |
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At times, a portion of the Funds assets may be invested in securities as to which the Fund, by itself or together with other accounts managed by the investment adviser and its affiliates, holds a major portion or all of such securities. Under adverse market or economic conditions or in the event of adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer, the Fund could find it more difficult to sell such securities when the investment adviser believes it advisable to do so or may be able to sell such securities only at prices lower than if such securities were more widely held. It may also be more difficult to determine the fair value of such securities for purposes of computing the Funds net asset value. |
Indexed Securities |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Indexed securities are securities that fluctuate in value with an index. The interest rate or, in some cases, the principal payable at the maturity of an indexed security may change positively or inversely in relation to one or more interest rates, financial indices, securities prices or other financial indicators (reference prices). An indexed security may be leveraged to the extent that the magnitude of any change in the interest rate or principal payable on an indexed security is a multiple of the change in the reference price. Thus, indexed securities may decline in value due to adverse market changes in reference prices. Because indexed securities derive their value from another instrument, security or index, they are considered derivative debt securities, and are subject to different combinations of prepayment, extension, interest rate and/or other market risks. Indexed securities may include interest only (IO) and principal only (PO) securities, floating rate securities linked to the Cost of Funds Index (COFI floaters), other lagging rate floating securities, floating rate securities that are subject to a maximum interest rate (capped floaters), leveraged floating rate securities (super floaters), leveraged inverse floating rate securities (inverse floaters), dual index floaters, range floaters, index amortizing notes and various currency indexed notes. Indexed securities may be issued by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities or, if privately issued, collateralized by mortgages that are insured, guaranteed or otherwise backed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. |
Inflation-Indexed (or Inflation-Linked) Bonds |
Inflation-indexed bonds are fixed-income securities the principal value of which is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation. Inflation-indexed bonds are issued by governments, their agencies or instrumentalities and corporations. Two structures are common: The U.S. Treasury and some other issuers use a structure that accrues inflation into the principal value of the bond. Most other issuers pay out the inflation accruals as part of a semiannual coupon. The principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond is adjusted in response to changes in the level of inflation. Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed in the case of U.S. Treasury inflation-indexed bonds, and therefore, the principal amount of such bonds cannot be reduced below par even during a period of deflation. However, the current market value of these bonds is not guaranteed and will fluctuate, reflecting the risk of changes in their yields. In certain jurisdictions outside the United States, the repayment of the original bond principal upon the maturity of an inflation-indexed bond is not guaranteed, allowing for the amount of the bond repaid at maturity to be less than par. The interest rate for inflation-indexed bonds is fixed at issuance as a percentage of this adjustable principal. Accordingly, the actual interest income may both rise and fall as the principal amount of the bonds adjusts in response to movements in the Consumer Price Index. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
55
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
56
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Loan Facility |
Senior Debt Portfolio may employ borrowings and leverage as described in the Prospectus. The Portfolio has entered into a commercial paper program and liquidity facility subject to the terms of an Order of the SEC (Release No. 26320) granting an exemption from Section 18(f)(1) of the 1940 Act. The program, administered by Citicorp North America, Inc., is with certain conduit lenders who issue commercial paper, in an amount up to $640 million through which the Portfolio employs leverage pursuant to its investment guidelines and subject to the risks described in the Prospectus. Under the terms of the program, the Portfolio pays an annual fee equal to 0.65% on its outstanding borrowings for the administration of the program and an annual fee of either 0.35% or 0.45% on the total commitment amount depending on the amount of outstanding borrowings, as well as interest on advances under the program. |
Loans |
Loans may be primary, direct investments or investments in loan assignments or participation interests. A loan assignment represents a portion or the entirety of a loan and a portion of the entirety of a position previously attributable to a different lender. The purchaser of an assignment typically succeeds to all the rights and obligations under the loan agreement and has the same rights and obligations as the assigning investor. However, assignments through private negotiations may cause the purchaser of an assignment to have different and more limited rights than those held by the assigning investor. Loan participation interests are interests issued by a lender or other entity and represent a fractional interest in a loan. The Fund typically will have a contractual relationship only with the financial institution that issued the participation interest. As a result, the Fund may have the right to receive payments of principal, interest and any fees to which it is entitled only from the financial institution and only upon receipt by such entity of such payments from the borrower. In connection with purchasing a participation interest, the Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the borrower with the terms of the loan agreement, nor any rights with respect to any funds acquired by other investors through set-off against the borrower and the Fund may not directly benefit from the collateral supporting the loan in which it has purchased the participation interest. As a result, the Fund may assume the credit risk of both the borrower and the financial institution issuing the participation interest. In the event of the insolvency of the entity issuing a participation interest, the Fund may be treated as a general creditor of such entity. |
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Loans may be originated by a lending agent, such as a financial institution or other entity, on behalf of a group or syndicate of loan investors (the Loan Investors). In such a case, the agent administers the terms of the loan agreement and is responsible for the collection of principal, and interest payments from the borrower and the apportionment of these payments to the Loan Investors. Failure by the agent to fulfill its obligations may delay or adversely affect receipt of payment by the Fund. Furthermore, unless under the terms of a loan agreement or participation (as applicable) the Fund has direct recourse against the borrower, the Fund must rely on the Agent and the other Loan Investors to pursue appropriate remedies against the borrower. |
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Loan investments may be made at par or at a discount or premium to par. The interest payable on a loan may be fixed or floating rate, and paid in cash or in-kind. In connection with transactions in loans, the Fund may be subject to facility or other fees. Loans may be secured by specific collateral or other assets of the borrower, guaranteed by a third party, unsecured or subordinated. During the term of a loan, the value of any collateral securing the loan may decline in value, causing the loan to be under collateralized. Collateral may consist of assets that may not be readily liquidated, and there is no assurance that the liquidation of such assets would satisfy fully a borrowers obligations under the loan. In addition, if a loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become part owner of the collateral and would bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of such collateral. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
57
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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A lenders repayment and other rights primarily are determined by governing loan, assignment or participation documents, which (among other things) typically establish the priority of payment on the loan relative to other indebtedness and obligations of the borrower. In the event of bankruptcy, applicable law may impact a lenders ability to enforce its rights under such documents. Investing in loans involves the risk of default by the borrower or other party obligated to repay the loan. In the event of insolvency of the borrower or other obligated party, the Fund may be treated as a general creditor of such entity unless it has rights that are senior to that of other creditors or secured by specific collateral or assets of the borrower. Fixed-rate loans are also subject to the risk that their value will decline in a rising interest rate environment. This risk is mitigated for floating-rate loans, where the interest rate payable on the loan resets periodically by reference to a base lending rate. The base lending rate usually is the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), the Federal Reserve federal funds rate, the prime rate or other base lending rates used by commercial lenders. LIBOR usually is an average of the interest rates quoted by several designated banks as the rates at which they pay interest to major depositors in the London interbank market on U.S. dollar-denominated deposits. |
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The Fund will take whatever action it considers appropriate in the event of anticipated financial difficulties, default or bankruptcy of the borrower or other entity obligated to repay a loan. Such action may include: (i) retaining the services of various persons or firms (including affiliates of the investment adviser) to evaluate or protect any collateral or other assets securing the loan or acquired as a result of any such event; (ii) managing (or engaging other persons to manage) or otherwise dealing with any collateral or other assets so acquired; and (iii) taking such other actions (including, but not limited to, payment of operating or similar expenses relating to the collateral) as the investment adviser may deem appropriate to reduce the likelihood or severity of loss on the Funds investment and/or maximize the return on such investment. The Fund will incur additional expenditures in taking protective action with respect to loans in (or anticipated to be in) default and assets securing such loans. In certain circumstances, the Fund may receive equity or equity-like securities from a borrower to settle the loan or may acquire an equity interest in the borrower. Representatives of the Fund also may join creditor or similar committees relating to loans. |
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Lenders can be sued by other creditors and the debtor and its shareholders. Losses could be greater than the original loan amount and occur years after the loans recovery. If a borrower becomes involved in bankruptcy proceedings, a court may invalidate the Funds security interest in any loan collateral or subordinate the Funds rights under the loan agreement to the interests of the borrowers unsecured creditors or cause interest previously paid to be refunded to the borrower. There are also other events, such as the failure to perfect a security interest due to faulty documentation or faulty official filings, which could lead to the invalidation of the Funds security interest in loan collateral. If any of these events occur, the Funds performance could be negatively affected. |
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Interests in loans generally are not listed on any national securities exchange or automated quotation system and no active market may exist for many loans, making them illiquid. As described below, a secondary market exists for many Senior Loans, but it may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods. |
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From time to time the investment adviser and its affiliates may borrow money from various banks in connection with their business activities. Such banks may also sell interests in loans to or acquire them from the Fund or may be intermediate participants with respect to loans in which the Fund owns interests. Such banks may also act as agents for loans held by the Fund. |
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To the extent that legislation or state or federal regulators that regulate certain financial institutions impose additional requirements or restrictions with respect to the ability of such institutions to make loans, particularly in connection with highly leveraged transactions, the availability of loans for investment may be adversely affected. Further, such legislation or regulation could depress the market value of loans. |
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For additional disclosures relating to Junior and Senior Loans, see Junior Loans and Senior Loans herein. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
58
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Master Limited Partnerships (MLPs) |
MLPs are publicly-traded limited partnership interests or units. An MLP that invests in a particular industry (e.g., oil and gas) will be harmed by detrimental economic events within that industry. As partnerships, MLPs may be subject to less regulation (and less protection for investors) under state laws than corporations. In addition, MLPs may be subject to state taxation in certain jurisdictions, which may reduce the amount of income paid by an MLP to its investors. |
Mortgage-Backed Securities (MBS) |
MBS are pass through securities, meaning that a pro rata share of regular interest and principal payments, as well as unscheduled early prepayments, on the underlying mortgage pool is passed through monthly to the holder. MBS may include conventional mortgage pass through securities, participation interests in pools of adjustable and fixed rate mortgage loans, stripped mortgage-backed securities (described herein), floating rate mortgage-backed securities and certain classes of multiple class CMOs. MBS pay principal to the holder over their term, which differs from other forms of debt securities that normally provide for principal payment at maturity or specified call dates. MBS are subject to the general risks associated with investing in real estate securities; that is, they may lose value if the value of the underlying real estate to which a pool of mortgages relates declines. In addition, investments in MBS involve certain specific risks, including the failure of a party to meet its commitments under the related operative documents, adverse interest rate changes and the effects of prepayments on mortgage cash flows. Certain MBS may be purchased on a when-issued basis subject to certain limitations and requirements. |
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There are currently three types of MBS: (1) those issued by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities, such as the Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA), the Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC); (2) those issued by private issuers that represent an interest in or are collateralized by pass through securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities; and (3) those issued by private issuers that represent an interest in or are collateralized by whole mortgage loans or pass through securities without a government guarantee but that usually have some form of private credit enhancement. Privately issued MBS are structured similar to GNMA, FNMA and FHLMC MBS, and are issued by originators or and investors in mortgage loans, including depositary institutions mortgage banks and special purpose subsidiaries of the foregoing. |
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GNMA Certificates and FNMA Mortgage-Backed Certificates are MBS representing part ownership of a pool of mortgage loans. GNMA loans (issued by lenders such as mortgage bankers, commercial banks and savings and loan associations) are either insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the Veterans Administration. A pool of such mortgages is assembled and, after being approved by GNMA, is offered to investors through securities dealers. Once such pool is approved by GNMA, the timely payment of interest and principal on the Certificates issued representing such pool is guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. GNMA is a wholly owned U.S. Government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development. FNMA, a federally chartered corporation owned entirely by private stockholders, purchases both conventional and federally insured or guaranteed residential mortgages from various entities, including savings and loan associations, savings banks, commercial banks, credit unions and mortgage bankers, and packages pools of such mortgages in the form of pass-through securities generally called FNMA Mortgage-Backed Certificates, which are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by FNMA but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government; however, they are supported by the right of FNMA to borrow from the U.S. Treasury Department. |
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FHLMC, a corporate instrumentality of the U.S. Government created by Congress for the purposes of increasing the availability of mortgage credit for residential housing, issues participation certificates (PCs) representing undivided interest in FHLMCS mortgage portfolio. While FHLMC guarantees the timely payment of interest and ultimate collection of the principal of its PCs, its PCs are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. FHLMC PCs differ from GNMA Certificates in that the mortgages underlying the PCs are monthly conventional mortgages rather than mortgages insured or guaranteed by a federal agency or instrumentality. However, in several other respects, such as the monthly pass-through of interest and principal (including unscheduled prepayments) and the unpredictability of future unscheduled prepayments on the underlying mortgage pools, FHLMC PCs are similar to GNMA Certificates. See also Events Regarding FNMA and FHLMC herein. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
59
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
60
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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MLOs and participations therein represent a type of financing that may not have the depth of marketability associated with more conventional securities and, as such, they may be less liquid than conventional securities. Certain MLOs may be deemed illiquid for the purpose of the Funds limitation on investments in illiquid securities, unless determined by the investment adviser, pursuant to guidelines adopted by the Board, to be liquid securities. The investment adviser will consider an MLO to be liquid if it is rated investment grade (being an MLO rated BBB or Baa or higher) by a nationally recognized statistical ratings organization or is insured by an insurer rated investment grade. If an MLO or participation does not meet the foregoing criteria, then the investment adviser will consider the MLO to be illiquid unless it conducts an analysis of relevant factors and concludes that the MLO is liquid. In conducting such an analysis, the investment adviser will consider the factors it believes are relevant to the marketability of the obligation, to the extent that information regarding such factor is available to the investment adviser and pertinent to the liquidity determination, which may include: (1) the willingness of dealers to bid for the obligation; (2) the number of dealers willing to purchase or sell the obligation and the number of other potential buyers; (3) the frequency of trades and quotes for the obligation; (4) the nature of the marketplace trades, including the time needed to dispose of the obligation, the method of soliciting offers, and the mechanics of transfer; (5) the willingness of the governmental issuer to continue to appropriate funds for the payment of the obligation; (6) how likely or remote an event of non-appropriation may be, which depends in varying degrees on a variety of factors, including those relating to the general creditworthiness of the governmental issuer, its dependence on its continuing access to the credit markets, and the importance to the issuer of the equipment, property or facility covered by the lease or contract; (7) an assessment of the likelihood that the lease may or may not be cancelled; and (8) other factors and information unique to the obligation in determining its liquidity. |
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The ability of issuers of MLOs to make timely lease payments may be adversely impacted in general economic downturns and as relative governmental cost burdens are allocated and reallocated among federal, state and local governmental units. Such non-payment would result in a reduction of income from and value of the obligation. Issuers of MLOs might seek protection under the bankruptcy laws. In the event of bankruptcy of such an issuer, holders of MLOs could experience delays and limitations with respect to the collection of principal and interest on such MLOs and may not, in all circumstances, be able to collect all principal and interest to which it is entitled. To enforce its rights in the event of a default in lease payments, the Fund might take possession of and manage the assets securing the issuers obligations on such securities or otherwise incur costs to protect its rights, which may increase the Funds operating expenses and adversely affect the net asset value of the Fund. When the lease contains a non-appropriation clause, however, the failure to pay would not be a default and the Fund would not have the right to take possession of the assets. Any income derived from the Funds ownership or operation of such assets may not be tax-exempt. |
Municipal Obligations |
Municipal obligations include debt obligations issued to obtain funds for various public purposes, including the construction of a wide range of public facilities, refunding of outstanding obligations and obtaining funds for general operating expenses and loans to other public institutions and facilities. Certain types of bonds are issued by or on behalf of public authorities to finance various privately owned or operated facilities, including certain facilities for the local furnishing of electric energy or gas, sewage facilities, solid waste disposal facilities and other specialized facilities. Municipal obligations include bonds as well as tax-exempt commercial paper, project notes and municipal notes such as tax, revenue and bond anticipation notes of short maturity, generally less than three years. While most municipal bonds pay a fixed rate of interest semiannually in cash, there are exceptions. Some bonds pay no periodic cash interest, but rather make a single payment at maturity representing both principal and interest. Some bonds may pay interest at a variable or floating rate. Bonds may be issued or subsequently offered with interest coupons materially greater or less than those then prevailing, with price adjustments reflecting such deviation. Municipal obligations also include trust certificates representing interests in municipal securities held by a trustee. The trust certificates may evidence ownership of future interest payments, principal payments or both on the underlying securities. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
61
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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In general, there are three categories of municipal obligations, the interest on which is exempt from federal income tax and is not a tax preference item for purposes of the alternative minimum tax (AMT): (i) certain public purpose obligations (whenever issued), which include obligations issued directly by state and local governments or their agencies to fulfill essential governmental functions; (ii) certain obligations issued before August 8, 1986 for the benefit of non-governmental persons or entities; and (iii) certain private activity bonds issued after August 7, 1986, which include qualified Section 501(c)(3) bonds or refundings of certain obligations included in the second category. Opinions relating to the validity of municipal bonds, exclusion of municipal bond interest from an investors gross income for federal income tax purposes and, where applicable, state and local income tax, are rendered by bond counsel to the issuing authorities at the time of issuance. |
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Interest on certain private activity bonds issued after August 7, 1986 is exempt from regular federal income tax, but such interest (including a distribution by the Fund derived from such interest) is treated as a tax preference item that could subject the recipient to or increase the recipients liability for the AMT. For corporate shareholders, the Funds distributions derived from interest on all municipal obligations (whenever issued) are included in adjusted current earnings for purposes of the AMT as applied to corporations (to the extent not already included in alternative minimum taxable income as income attributable to private activity bonds). |
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The two principal classifications of municipal bonds are general obligation and revenue bonds. Issuers of general obligation bonds include states, counties, cities, towns and regional districts. The proceeds of these obligations are used to fund a wide range of public projects, including the construction or improvement of schools, highways and roads, water and sewer systems and a variety of other public purposes. The basic security of general obligation bonds is the issuers pledge of its faith, credit, and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest. The taxes that can be levied for the payment of debt service may be limited or unlimited as to rate and amount. |
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Typically, the only security for a limited obligation or revenue bond is the net revenue derived from a particular facility or class of facilities financed thereby or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a special tax or other special revenues. Revenue bonds have been issued to fund a wide variety of revenue-producing public capital projects including: electric, gas, water and sewer systems; highways, bridges and tunnels; port and airport facilities; colleges and universities; hospitals; and convention, recreational, tribal gaming and housing facilities. Although the security behind these bonds varies widely, many lower rated bonds provide additional security in the form of a debt service reserve fund that may also be used to make principal and interest payments on the issuer's obligations. In addition, some revenue obligations (as well as general obligations) are insured by a bond insurance company or backed by a letter of credit issued by a banking institution. Revenue bonds also include, for example, pollution control, health care and housing bonds, which, although nominally issued by municipal authorities, are generally not secured by the taxing power of the municipality but by the revenues of the authority derived from payments by the private entity that owns or operates the facility financed with the proceeds of the bonds. Obligations of housing finance authorities have a wide range of security features, including reserve funds and insured or subsidized mortgages, as well as the net revenues from housing or other public projects. Many of these bonds do not generally constitute the pledge of the credit of the issuer of such bonds. The credit quality of such revenue bonds is usually directly related to the credit standing of the user of the facility being financed or of an institution which provides a guarantee, letter of credit or other credit enhancement for the bond issue. The Fund may on occasion acquire revenue bonds that carry warrants or similar rights covering equity securities. Such warrants or rights may be held indefinitely, but if exercised, the Fund anticipates that it would, under normal circumstances, dispose of any equity securities so acquired within a reasonable period of time. Investing in revenue bonds may involve (without limitation) the following risks. |
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Hospital bond ratings are often based on feasibility studies that contain projections of expenses, revenues and occupancy levels. A hospitals income available to service its debt may be influenced by demand for hospital services, management capabilities, the service area economy, efforts by insurers and government agencies to limit rates and expenses, competition, availability and expense of malpractice insurance, and Medicaid and Medicare funding. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
62
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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Education-related bonds are comprised of two types: (i) those issued to finance projects for public and private colleges and universities, charter schools and private schools, and (ii) those representing pooled interests in student loans. Bonds issued to supply educational institutions with funding are subject to many risks, including the risks of unanticipated revenue decline, primarily the result of decreasing student enrollment, decreasing state and federal funding, or changes in general economic conditions. Additionally, higher than anticipated costs associated with salaries, utilities, insurance or other general expenses could impair the ability of a borrower to make annual debt service payments. Student loan revenue bonds are generally offered by state (or sub-state) authorities or commissions and are backed by pools of student loans. Underlying student loans may be guaranteed by state guarantee agencies and may be subject to reimbursement by the United States Department of Education through its guaranteed student loan program. Others may be private, uninsured loans made to parents or students that may be supported by reserves or other forms of credit enhancement. Cash flows supporting student loan revenue bonds are impacted by numerous factors, including the rate of student loan defaults, seasoning of the loan portfolio, and student repayment deferral periods of forbearance. Other risks associated with student loan revenue bonds include potential changes in federal legislation regarding student loan revenue bonds, state guarantee agency reimbursement and continued federal interest and other program subsidies currently in effect. |
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Transportation debt may be issued to finance the construction of airports, toll roads, highways, or other transit facilities. Airport bonds are dependent on the economic conditions of the airports service area and may be affected by the business strategies and fortunes of specific airlines. They may also be subject to competition from other airports and modes of transportation. Air traffic generally follows broader economic trends and is also affected by the price and availability of fuel. Toll road bonds are also affected by the cost and availability of fuel as well as toll levels, the presence of competing roads and the general economic health of an area. Fuel costs, transportation taxes and fees, and availability of fuel also affect other transportation-related securities, as do the presence of alternate forms of transportation, such as public transportation. |
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Industrial development bonds are normally secured only by the revenues from the project and not by state or local government tax payments, they are subject to a wide variety of risks, many of which relate to the nature of the specific project. Generally, IDBs are sensitive to the risk of a slowdown in the economy. Electric utilities face problems in financing large construction programs in an inflationary period, cost increases and delay occasioned by safety and environmental considerations (particularly with respect to nuclear facilities), difficulty in obtaining fuel at reasonable prices, and in achieving timely and adequate rate relief from regulatory commissions, effects of energy conservation and limitations on the capacity of the capital market to absorb utility debt. Water and sewer revenue bonds are generally secured by the fees charged to each user of the service. The issuers of water and sewer revenue bonds generally enjoy a monopoly status and latitude in their ability to raise rates. However, lack of water supply due to insufficient rain, run-off, or snow pack can be a concern and has led to past defaults. Further, public resistance to rate increases, declining numbers of customers in a particular locale, costly environmental litigation, and federal environmental mandates are challenges faced by issuers of water and sewer bonds. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
63
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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The obligations of any person or entity to pay the principal of and interest on a municipal obligation are subject to the provisions of bankruptcy, insolvency and other laws affecting the rights and remedies of creditors, such as the Federal Bankruptcy Act, and laws, if any, that may be enacted by Congress or state legislatures extending the time for payment of principal or interest, or both, or imposing other constraints upon enforcement of such obligations. Certain bond structures may be subject to the risk that a taxing authority may issue an adverse ruling regarding tax-exempt status. There is also the possibility that as a result of adverse economic conditions (including unforeseen financial events, natural disasters and other conditions that may affect an issuers ability to pay its obligations), litigation or other conditions, the power or ability of any person or entity to pay when due principal of and interest on a municipal obligation may be materially affected or interest and principal previously paid may be required to be refunded. There have been instances of defaults and bankruptcies involving municipal obligations that were not foreseen by the financial and investment communities. The Fund will take whatever action it considers appropriate in the event of anticipated financial difficulties, default or bankruptcy of either the issuer of any municipal obligation or of the underlying source of funds for debt service. Such action may include: (i) retaining the services of various persons or firms (including affiliates of the investment adviser) to evaluate or protect any real estate, facilities or other assets securing any such obligation or acquired by the Fund as a result of any such event; (ii) managing (or engaging other persons to manage) or otherwise dealing with any real estate, facilities or other assets so acquired; and (iii) taking such other actions as the adviser (including, but not limited to, payment of operating or similar expenses of the underlying project) may deem appropriate to reduce the likelihood or severity of loss on the funds investment. The Fund will incur additional expenditures in taking protective action with respect to portfolio obligations in (or anticipated to be in) default and assets securing such obligations. |
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Historically, municipal bankruptcies have been rare and certain provisions of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code governing such bankruptcy are unclear. Further, the application of state law to municipal obligation issuers could produce varying results among the states or among municipal obligation issuers within a state. These uncertainties could have a significant impact on the prices of the municipal obligations in which the Fund invests. There could be economic, business or political developments or court decisions that adversely affect all municipal obligations in the same sector. Developments such as changes in healthcare regulations, environmental considerations related to construction, construction cost increases and labor problems, failure of healthcare facilities to maintain adequate occupancy levels, and inflation can affect municipal obligations in the same sector. As the similarity in issuers of municipal obligations held by the Fund increases, the potential for fluctuations in the Funds share price also may increase. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
64
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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The secondary market for some municipal obligations issued within a state (including issues that are privately placed with the Fund) is less liquid than that for taxable debt obligations or other more widely traded municipal obligations. No established resale market exists for certain of the municipal obligations in which the Fund may invest. The market for obligations rated below investment grade is also likely to be less liquid than the market for higher rated obligations. As a result, the Fund may be unable to dispose of these municipal obligations at times when it would otherwise wish to do so at the prices at which they are valued. Municipal obligations that are rated below investment grade but that, subsequent to the assignment of such rating, are backed by escrow accounts containing U.S. Government obligations may be determined by the investment adviser to be of investment grade quality for purposes of the Funds investment policies. In the case of a defaulted obligation, the Fund may incur additional expense seeking recovery of its investment. Defaulted obligations are denoted in the Portfolio of Investments in the Financial Statements included in the Funds reports to shareholders. The yields on municipal obligations depend on a variety of factors, including purposes of the issue and source of funds for repayment, general money market conditions, general conditions of the municipal bond market, size of a particular offering, maturity of the obligation and rating of the issue. The ratings of Moodys, S&P and Fitch represent their opinions as to the quality of the municipal obligations which they undertake to rate, and in the case of insurers, other factors including the claims-paying ability of such insurer. It should be emphasized, however, that ratings are based on judgment and are not absolute standards of quality. Consequently, municipal obligations with the same maturity, coupon and rating may have different yields while obligations of the same maturity and coupon with different ratings may have the same yield. In addition, the market price of such obligations will normally fluctuate with changes in interest rates, and therefore the net asset value of the Fund will be affected by such changes. |
Option Contracts |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. An option contract is a contract that gives the holder of the option, in return for a premium, the right to buy from (in the case of a call) or sell to (in the case of a put) the writer of the option the reference instrument underlying the option (or the cash value of the index) at a specified exercise price at any time during the term of the option. The writer of an option on a security has the obligation upon exercise of the option to deliver the reference instrument (or the cash) upon payment of the exercise price or to pay the exercise price upon delivery of the reference instrument (or the cash). Upon exercise of an index option, the writer of an option on an index is obligated to pay the difference between the cash value of the index and the exercise price multiplied by the specified multiplier for the index option. Options may be covered, meaning that the party required to deliver the reference instrument if the option is exercised owns that instrument (or has set aside sufficient assets to meet its obligation to deliver the instrument). Options may be listed on an exchange or traded in the OTC market. In general, exchange-traded options have standardized exercise prices and expiration dates and may require the parties to post margin against their obligations, and the performance of the parties' obligations in connection with such options is guaranteed by the exchange or a related clearing corporation. OTC options have more flexible terms negotiated between the buyer and the seller, but generally do not require the parties to post margin and are subject to counterparty risk. OTC options also involve greater liquidity risk. The staff of the SEC takes the position that certain purchased OTC options, and assets used as cover for written OTC options, are illiquid. Derivatives on economic indicators generally are offered in an auction format and are booked and settled as OTC options. Options on futures contracts are discussed herein under Futures Contracts. |
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If a written option expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital gain equal to the premium received at the time the option was written. If a purchased option expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital loss equal to the premium paid. Prior to the earlier of exercise or expiration, an exchange traded option may be closed out by an offsetting purchase or sale of an option of the same series (type, exchange, reference instrument, exercise price, and expiration). A capital gain will be realized from a closing purchase transaction if the cost of the closing option is less than the premium received from writing the option, or, if it is more, a capital loss will be realized. If the premium received from a closing sale transaction is more than the premium paid to purchase the option, the Fund will realize a capital gain or, if it is less, the Fund will realize a capital loss. The principal factors affecting the market value of a put or a call option include supply and demand, the current market price of the reference instrument in relation to the exercise price of the option, the volatility of the reference instrument, and the time remaining until the expiration date. There can be no assurance that a closing purchase or sale transaction can be consummated when desired. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
65
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
66
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
The Fund may invest in pooled investment vehicles including other open-end or closed-end investment companies affiliated or unaffiliated with the investment adviser, exchange-traded funds (described herein) and other collective investment pools in accordance with the requirements of the 1940 Act. Closed-end investment company securities are usually traded on an exchange. The demand for a closed-end funds securities is independent of the demand for the underlying portfolio assets, and accordingly, such securities can trade at a discount from, or a premium over, their net asset value. The Fund generally will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any management fees paid by a pooled investment vehicle in which it invests in addition to the investment advisory fee paid by the Fund. |
Portfolio Turnover |
A change in the securities held by the Fund is known as portfolio turnover and generally involves expense to the Fund, including brokerage commissions or dealer markups and other transaction costs on both the sale of securities and the reinvestment of the proceeds in other securities. If sales of portfolio securities cause the Fund to realize net short-term capital gains, such gains will be taxable as ordinary income to taxable shareholders. The Funds portfolio turnover rate for a fiscal year is the ratio of the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio securities to the monthly average of the value of portfolio securities − excluding securities whose maturities at acquisition were one year or less. The Fund's portfolio turnover rate is not a limiting factor when the investment adviser considers a change in the Fund's portfolio holdings. The portfolio turnover rate(s) of the Fund for recent fiscal periods is included in the Financial Highlights in the Prospectus. |
Preferred Securities |
Preferred securities represent an equity ownership interest in the issuing corporation that has a higher claim on the assets and earnings than common stock. Preferred securities generally have a dividend that must be paid out before dividends to common stockholders and the shares usually do not have voting rights. Preferred securities involve credit risk, which is the risk that a preferred security will decline in price, or fail to pay dividends when expected, because the issuer experiences a decline in its financial status. Preferred securities may be convertible to common stock in some cases. While a part of an issuers equity structure, preferred securities may be deemed to be fixed-income securities for purposes of the Funds investment restrictions. |
Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) |
Securities of companies in the real estate industry, such as REITs, are sensitive to factors, such as changes in: real estate values, property taxes, interest rates, cash flow of underlying real estate assets, occupancy rates, government regulations affecting zoning, land use, and rents, and the management skill and creditworthiness of the issuer. Companies in the real estate industry may also be subject to liabilities under environmental and hazardous waste laws, among others. Changes in underlying real estate values may have a magnified effect to the extent that REITs concentrate investments in particular geographic regions or property types. Investments in REITs may also be adversely affected by rising interest rates. By investing in REITs, the Fund indirectly will bear REIT expenses in addition to its own expenses. |
Repurchase Agreements |
Repurchase agreements involve the purchase of a security coupled with an agreement to resell at a specified date and price. In the event of the bankruptcy of the counterparty to a repurchase agreement, recovery of cash may be delayed. To the extent that, in the meantime, the value of the purchased securities may have decreased, a loss could result. Repurchase agreements that mature in more than seven days will be treated as illiquid. Unless the Prospectus states otherwise, the terms of a repurchase agreement will provide that the value of the collateral underlying the repurchase agreement will always be at least equal to the repurchase price, including any accrued interest earned on the agreement, and will be marked to market daily. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
67
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Residual Interest Bonds |
The Fund may invest in residual interest bonds in a trust that holds municipal securities. The interest rate payable on a residual interest bond bears an inverse relationship to the interest rate on another security issued by the trust. Because changes in the interest rate on the other security inversely affect the interest paid on the residual interest bond, the value and income of a residual interest bond is generally more volatile than that of a fixed rate bond. Residual interest bonds have interest rate adjustment formulas that generally reduce or, in the extreme, eliminate the interest paid to the Fund when short-term interest rates rise, and increase the interest paid to the Fund when short-term interest rates fall. Residual interest bonds have varying degrees of liquidity, and the market for these securities is relatively volatile. These securities tend to underperform the market for fixed rate bonds in a rising long-term interest rate environment, but tend to outperform the market for fixed rate bonds when long-term interest rates decline. Although volatile, residual interest bonds typically offer the potential for yields exceeding the yields available on fixed rate bonds with comparable credit quality and maturity. These securities usually permit the investor to convert the floating rate to a fixed rate (normally adjusted downward), and this optional conversion feature may provide a partial hedge against rising rates if exercised at an opportune time. While residual interest bonds expose the Fund to leverage risk because they provide two or more dollars of bond market exposure for every dollar invested, they are not subject to the Funds restrictions on borrowings. Under certain circumstances, the Fund may enter into a so-called shortfall and forbearance agreement with the sponsor of a residual interest bond held by the Fund. Such agreements commit the Fund to reimburse the sponsor of such residual interest bond, upon the termination of the trust issuing the residual interest bond, the difference between the liquidation value of the underlying security (which is the basis of the residual interest bond) and the principal amount due to the holders of the floating rate security issued in conjunction with the residual interest bond. Absent a shortfall and forbearance agreement, the Fund would not be required to make such a reimbursement. If the Fund chooses not to enter into such an agreement, the residual interest bond could be terminated and the Fund could incur a loss. The Funds investments in residual interest bonds and similar securities described in the Prospectus and this SAI will not be considered borrowing for purposes of the Funds restrictions on borrowing described herein and in the Prospectus. |
Reverse Repurchase Agreements |
Under a reverse repurchase agreement, the Fund temporarily transfers possession of a portfolio instrument to another party, such as a bank or broker-dealer, in return for cash. At the same time, the Fund agrees to repurchase the instrument at an agreed upon time (normally within seven days) and price, which reflects an interest payment. The Fund may enter into a reverse repurchase agreement for various purposes, including, but not limited to, when it is able to invest the cash acquired at a rate higher than the cost of the agreement or as a means of raising cash to satisfy redemption requests without the necessity of selling portfolio assets. In a reverse repurchase agreement, any fluctuations in the market value of either the securities transferred to another party or the securities in which the proceeds may be invested would affect the market value of the Funds assets. As a result, such transactions may increase fluctuations in the value of the Fund. Because reverse repurchase agreements may be considered to be the practical equivalent of borrowing funds, they constitute a form of leverage. Such agreements will be treated as subject to investment restrictions regarding borrowings. If the Fund reinvests the proceeds of a reverse repurchase agreement at a rate lower than the cost of the agreement, entering into the agreement will lower the Funds yield. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
68
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Rights and Warrants |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. A right is a privilege granted to existing shareholders of a corporation to subscribe for shares of a new issue of common stock before it is issued. Rights normally have a short life, usually two to four weeks, are freely transferable and entitle the holder to buy the new common stock at a lower price than the public offering price. Warrants are securities that are typically issued together with a debt security or preferred stock and that give the holder the right to buy a proportionate amount of common stock at a specified price. Warrants are freely transferable and are often traded on major exchanges. Unlike rights, warrants normally have a life that is measured in years and entitle the holder to buy common stock of a company at a price that is usually higher than the market price at the time the warrant is issued. Corporations often issue warrants to make the accompanying debt security more attractive. Warrants and rights may entail greater risks than certain other types of investments. Generally, rights and warrants do not carry the right to receive dividends or exercise voting rights with respect to the underlying securities, and they do not represent any rights in the assets of the issuer. In addition, their value does not necessarily change with the value of the underlying securities, and they cease to have value if they are not exercised on or before their expiration date. If the market price of the underlying stock does not exceed the exercise price during the life of the warrant or right, the warrant or right will expire worthless. (Canadian special warrants issued in private placements prior to a public offering are not considered warrants.) |
Royalty Bonds |
To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may invest in royalty bonds. |
Securities Lending |
The Fund may lend its portfolio securities to major banks, broker-dealers and other financial institutions in compliance with the 1940 Act. No lending may be made with any companies affiliated with the investment adviser. These loans earn income and are collateralized by cash, securities or letters of credit. The Fund may realize a loss if it is not able to invest cash collateral at rates higher than the costs to enter into the loan. When the loan is closed, the lender is obligated to return the collateral to the borrower. The lender could suffer a loss if the value of the collateral is below the market value of the borrowed securities or if the borrower defaults on the loan. The lender may pay reasonable finders, lending agent, administrative and custodial fees in connection with its loans. The investment adviser may instruct the securities lending agent to terminate loans and recall securities with voting rights so that the securities may be voted in accordance with the Funds proxy voting policy and procedures if deemed appropriate to do so. See Taxes for information on the tax treatment of payments in lieu of dividends received pursuant to securities lending arrangements. |
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Cash collateral received by the Fund in respect of loaned securities is invested in Eaton Vance Cash Collateral Fund, LLC (Cash Collateral Fund), a privately offered investment company holding high quality, U.S. dollar-denominated money market instruments. The investment objective of Cash Collateral Fund is to provide as high a rate of income as may be consistent with preservation of capital and maintenance of liquidity. Although not a registered money market mutual fund, Cash Collateral Fund conducts all of its investment activities in accordance with the requirements of Rule 2a-7 under the 1940 Act. There can be no assurance that Cash Collateral Fund will be able to maintain a stable net asset value and the Fund could experience a loss of its invested collateral. Cash Collateral Fund invests in high quality, U.S. dollar-denominated money market instruments of domestic and foreign issuers, including U.S. Government securities and prime commercial paper. When appropriate, Cash Collateral Fund may also invest in other high-grade, short-term obligations, including certificates of deposit, bankers acceptances and other short-term securities issued by domestic or foreign banks or their subsidiaries or branches. Cash Collateral Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued basis and for future delivery by means of forward commitments. Cash Collateral Fund may enter into repurchase agreements. Cash Collateral Fund may invest without limit in U.S. dollar-denominated obligations of foreign issuers, including foreign banks. Cash Collateral Fund does not limit the amount of its assets that can be invested in one type of instrument or in any foreign country. Information about the portfolio holdings of Cash Collateral Fund is available on request. As compensation for its services as manager, Eaton Vance is paid a fee at a rate of 0.08% annually of the average daily net assets of Cash Collateral Fund. Eaton Vance pays all of Cash Collateral Funds custody, audit and other ordinary operating expenses, excluding extraordinary, non-recurring items such as expenses incurred in connection with litigation, proceedings, claims and reorganization expenses. Payments to Eaton Vance for managing Cash Collateral Fund are in addition to the investment advisory fee paid by the Fund. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
69
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Securities with Equity and Debt Characteristics |
Securities may have a combination of equity and debt characteristics. These securities may at times behave more like equity than debt or vice versa. Some types of convertible bonds, preferred stocks or other preferred securities automatically convert into common stocks or other securities at a stated conversion ratio and some may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a predetermined price. These securities, prior to conversion, may pay a fixed rate of interest or a dividend. Because convertible securities have both debt and equity characteristics, their values vary in response to many factors, including the values of the securities into which they are convertible, general market and economic conditions, and convertible market valuations, as well as changes in interest rates, credit spreads and the credit quality of the issuer. The prices and yields of nonconvertible preferred securities or preferred stocks generally move with changes in interest rates and the issuers credit quality, similar to the factors affecting debt securities. If these securities are ranked at the bottom of an issuers debt capital structure, they may be more sensitive to economic changes than more senior debt securities. These securities may also be viewed as more equity-like by the market when the issuer or its parent company experience financial problems. |
Senior Loans |
Senior Loans are loans that are senior in repayment priority to other debt of the borrower. Senior Loans generally pay interest that floats, adjusts or varies periodically based on benchmark indicators, specified adjustment schedules or prevailing interest rates. Senior Loans are often secured by specific assets or collateral, although they may not be secured by collateral. A Senior Loan is typically originated, negotiated and structured by a U.S. or foreign commercial bank, insurance company, finance company or other financial institution (the Agent) for a group of loan investors (Loan Investors), generally referred to as a syndicate. The Agent typically administers and enforces the Senior Loan on behalf of the Loan Investors in the syndicate. In addition, an institution, typically but not always the Agent, holds any collateral on behalf of the Loan Investors. Loan interests primarily take the form of assignments purchased in the primary or secondary market. Loan interests may also take the form of participation interests in, or novations of, a Senior Loan. Senior Loans primarily include senior floating rate loans and secondarily senior floating rate debt obligations (including those issued by an asset-backed pool), and interests therein. |
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Loan Collateral. Borrowers generally will, for the term of the Senior Loan, pledge collateral to secure their obligation. In addition Senior Loans may be guaranteed by or secured by assets of the borrowers owners or affiliates. During the term of the Senior Loan, the value of collateral securing the Loan may decline in value, causing the Loan to be under-collateralized. Collateral may consist of assets that may not be readily liquidated, and there is no assurance that the liquidation of such assets would satisfy fully a borrowers obligations under a Senior Loan. In addition, if a Senior Loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become part owner of the collateral and would bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of such collateral. |
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Fees. The Fund may receive a facility fee when it buys a Senior Loan, and pay a facility fee when it sells a Senior Loan. On an ongoing basis, the Fund may receive a commitment fee based on the undrawn portion of the underlying line of credit portion of a Senior Loan. In certain circumstances, the Fund may receive a prepayment penalty fee upon the prepayment of a Senior Loan by a borrower or an amendment fee. |
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Loan Administration. In a typical Senior Loan, the Agent administers the terms of the loan agreement and is responsible for the collection of principal, and interest payments from the borrower and the apportionment of these payments to the Loan Investors. Failure by the Agent to fulfill its obligations may delay or adversely affect receipt of payment by the Fund. Furthermore, unless under the terms of a loan agreement or participation (as applicable) the Fund has direct recourse against the borrower, the Fund must rely on the Agent and the other Loan Investors to use appropriate remedies against the borrower. The Agent is typically responsible for monitoring compliance with covenants contained in the loan agreement based upon reports prepared by the borrower. The typical practice of an Agent or a Loan Investor in relying exclusively or primarily on reports from the borrower may involve the risk of fraud by the borrower. It is unclear whether an investment in a Senior Loan offers the securities law protections against fraud and misrepresentation. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
70
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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A financial institutions appointment as Agent may usually be terminated in the event that it fails to observe the requisite standard of care or becomes insolvent. A successor Agent would generally be appointed to replace the terminated Agent, and assets held by the Agent under the Loan Agreement should remain available to holders of Senior Loans. However, if assets held by the Agent for the benefit of the Fund were determined to be subject to the claims of the Agents general creditors, the Fund might incur certain costs and delays in realizing payment on a Senior Loan, or suffer a loss of principal and/or interest. In situations involving other Interposed Persons, similar risks may arise. |
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Additional Information. The Fund may purchase and retain in its portfolio a Senior Loan where the borrower has experienced, or may be perceived to be likely to experience, credit problems, including involvement in or recent emergence from bankruptcy reorganization proceedings or other forms of debt restructuring. While such investments may provide opportunities for enhanced income as well as capital appreciation, they generally involve greater risk and may be considered speculative. The Fund may from time to time participate in ad-hoc committees formed by creditors to negotiate with the management of financially troubled borrowers. The Fund may incur legal fees as a result of such participation. In addition, such participation may restrict the Funds ability to trade in or acquire additional positions in a particular security when it might otherwise desire to do so. Participation by the Fund also may expose the Fund to potential liabilities under bankruptcy or other laws governing the rights of creditors and debtors. The Fund will participate in such committees only when the investment adviser believes that such participation is necessary or desirable to enforce the Funds rights as a creditor or to protect the value of a Senior Loan held by the Fund. |
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In some instances, other accounts managed by the investment adviser may hold other securities issued by borrowers the Senior Loans of which may be held by the Fund. These other securities may include, for example, debt securities that are subordinate to the Senior Loans held by the Fund, convertible debt or common or preferred equity securities. In certain circumstances, such as if the credit quality of the borrower deteriorates, the interests of holders of these other securities may conflict with the interests of the holders of the borrowers Senior Loans. In such cases, the investment adviser may owe conflicting fiduciary duties to the Fund and other client accounts. The investment adviser will endeavor to carry out its obligations to all of its clients to the fullest extent possible, recognizing that in some cases, certain clients may achieve a lower economic return, as a result of these conflicting client interests, than if the investment advisers client accounts collectively held only a single category of the issuers securities. |
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The Fund may acquire warrants and other equity securities as part of a unit combining a Senior Loan and equity securities of a borrower or its affiliates. The Fund may also acquire equity securities or debt securities (including non-dollar denominated debt securities) issued in exchange for a Senior Loan or issued in connection with the debt restructuring or reorganization of a borrower, or if such acquisition, in the judgment of the investment adviser, may enhance the value of a Senior Loan or would otherwise be consistent with the Funds investment policies. |
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For Floating Rate Portfolio, Senior Portfolio and VT Floating-Rate Income Fund only: The Fund will acquire participations only if the Loan Investor selling the participation, and any other persons interpositioned between the Fund and the Loan Investor (an Interposed Person), at the time of investment, has outstanding debt or deposit obligations rated investment grade (BBB or A-3 or higher by S&P or Baa or P- 3 or higher by Moodys or comparably rated by another nationally recognized statistical ratings organization) or determined by the investment adviser to be of comparable quality. |
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For additional disclosure relating to investing in loans (including Senior Loans), see Loans above. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
71
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Short Sales |
Short sales are transactions in which a party sells a security it does not own in anticipation of a decline in the market value of that security. To complete such a transaction, the party must borrow the security to make delivery to the buyer. When the party is required to return the borrowed security, it typically will purchase the security in the open market. The price at such time may be more or less than the price at which the party sold the security. Until the security is replaced, the party is required to repay the lender any dividends or interest, which accrues during the period of the loan. To borrow the security, it also may be required to pay a premium, which would increase the cost of the security sold. The net proceeds of the short sale will be retained by the broker, to the extent necessary to meet margin requirements, until the short position is closed out. Transaction costs are incurred in effecting short sales. A short seller will incur a loss as a result of a short sale if the price of the security increases between the date of the short sale and the date on which it replaces the borrowed security. A gain will be realized if the price of the security declines in price between those dates. The amount of any gain will be decreased, and the amount of any loss increased, by the amount of the premium, dividends or interest the short seller may be required to pay, if any, in connection with a short sale. Short sales may be against the box or uncovered. In a short sale against the box, at the time of the sale, the short seller owns or has the immediate and unconditional right to acquire the identical security at no additional cost. In an uncovered short sale, the short seller does not own the underlying security and, as such, losses from uncovered short sales may be significant. The Fund may sell short securities representing an index or basket of securities whose constituents the Fund holds in whole or in part. A short sale of an index or basket of securities will be a covered short sale if the underlying index or basket of securities is the same or substantially identical to securities held by the Fund. Use of short sales is limited by the Funds non-fundamental restriction relating thereto. |
Short-Term Trading |
Fixed-income securities may be sold in anticipation of market decline (a rise in interest rates) or purchased in anticipation of a market rise (a decline in interest rates) and later sold. In addition, such a security may be sold and another purchased at approximately the same time to take advantage of what is believed to be a temporary disparity in the normal yield relationship between the two securities. Yield disparities may occur for reasons not directly related to the investment quality of particular issues or the general movement of interest rates, such as changes in the overall demand for or supply of various types of fixed-income securities or changes in the investment objectives of investors. |
Smaller Companies |
The investment risk associated with smaller companies is higher than that normally associated with larger, more established companies due to the greater business risks associated with small size, the relative age of the company, limited product lines, distribution channels and financial and managerial resources. Further, there is typically less publicly available information concerning smaller companies than for larger companies. The securities of small companies are often traded only over-the-counter and may not be traded in the volumes typical of trading on a national securities exchange. As a result, stocks of smaller companies are often more volatile than those of larger companies, which are often traded on a national securities exchange. |
Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities (SMBS) |
SMBS are multiclass mortgage securities. SMBS commonly involve two classes of securities that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions on a pool of mortgage assets. A common type of SMBS will have one class receiving most of the interest from the mortgages, while the other class will receive most of the principal. In the most extreme case, the interest only class receives all of the interest while the principal only class receives the entire principal. The yield to maturity on an interest only class is extremely sensitive to the rate of principal payments (including pre-payments) on the related underlying mortgage assets, and a rapid rate of principal payments may have a material adverse effect on the yield to maturity from these securities. If the underlying mortgages experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the initial investment in these securities may not be recouped. Although the market for such securities is increasingly liquid, certain SMBS may not be readily marketable and will be considered illiquid. The market value of the class consisting entirely of principal payments generally is unusually volatile in response to changes in interest rates. The yields on a class of SMBS that receives all or most of the interest from mortgages are generally higher than prevailing market yields on other MBS because their cash flow patterns are more volatile and there is a greater risk that the initial investment will not be fully recouped. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
72
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Structured Notes |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Structured notes are derivative debt instruments, the interest rate or principal of which is determined by an unrelated indicator (for example, a currency, security, commodity or index thereof). The terms of the instrument may be structured by the purchaser and the borrower issuing the note. Indexed securities may include structured notes as well as securities other than debt securities, the interest rate or principal of which is determined by an unrelated indicator. Indexed securities may include a multiplier that multiplies the indexed element by a specified factor and, therefore, the value of such securities may be very volatile. The terms of structured notes and indexed securities may provide that in certain circumstances no principal is due at maturity, which may result in a loss of invested capital. Structured notes and indexed securities may be positively or negatively indexed, so that appreciation of the unrelated indicator may produce an increase or a decrease in the interest rate or the value of the structured note or indexed security at maturity may be calculated as a specified multiple of the change in the value of the unrelated indicator. Structured notes and indexed securities may entail a greater degree of market risk than other types of investments because the investor bears the risk of the unrelated indicator. Structured notes or indexed securities also may be more volatile, less liquid, and more difficult to accurately price than less complex securities and instruments or more traditional debt securities. |
Swap Agreements |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Swap agreements are two-party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a few weeks to more than one year. In a standard swap transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on a particular predetermined reference instrument or instruments, which can be adjusted for an interest rate factor. The gross returns to be exchanged or swapped between the parties are generally calculated with respect to a notional amount ( i.e. , the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate or in a basket of securities representing a particular index). Other types of swap agreements may calculate the obligations of the parties to the agreement on a net basis. Consequently, a partys current obligations (or rights) under a swap agreement will generally be equal only to the net amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the net amount). |
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Whether the use of swap agreements will be successful will depend on the investment adviser's ability to predict correctly whether certain types of reference instruments are likely to produce greater returns than other instruments. Swap agreements may be subject to contractual restrictions on transferability and termination and they may have terms of greater than seven days. The Funds obligations under a swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owed to the Fund under the swap). Developments in the swaps market, including government regulation, could adversely affect the Funds ability to terminate existing swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements, as well as to participate in swap agreements in the future. If there is a default by the counterparty to a swap, the Fund will have contractual remedies pursuant to the swap agreement, but any recovery may be delayed depending on the circumstances of the default. |
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The swaps market was largely unregulated prior to the enactment of federal legislation known as the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the Dodd-Frank Act), which was enacted in 2010 in response to turmoil in the financial markets and other market events. Among other things, the Dodd-Frank Act sets forth a new regulatory framework for certain OTC derivatives, such as swaps, in which the Fund may invest. The Dodd-Frank Act requires many swap transactions to be executed on registered exchanges or through swap execution facilities, cleared through a regulated clearinghouse, and publicly reported. In addition, many market participants are now regulated as swap dealers or major swap participants, and are, or will be, subject to certain minimum capital and margin requirements and business conduct standards. The statutory requirements of the Dodd-Frank Act are being implemented primarily through rules and regulations adopted by the SEC and/or the CFTC. There is a prescribed phase-in period during which most of the mandated rulemaking and regulations are being implemented, and temporary exemptions from certain rules and regulations have been granted so that current trading practices will not be unduly disrupted during the transition period. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
73
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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Currently, central clearing is only required for certain market participants trading certain instruments, although central clearing for additional instruments is expected to be implemented by the CFTC until the majority of the swaps market is ultimately subject to central clearing. In addition, uncleared OTC swaps will be subject to regulatory collateral requirements that could adversely affect the Funds ability to enter into swaps in the OTC market. These developments could cause the Fund to terminate new or existing swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such instruments at an inopportune time. Until the mandated rulemaking and regulations are implemented completely, it will not be possible to determine the complete impact of the Dodd-Frank Act and related regulations on the Fund, and the establishment of a centralized exchange or market for swap transactions may not result in swaps being easier to value or trade. However, it is expected that swap dealers, major market participants, and swap counterparties will experience other new and/or additional regulations, requirements, compliance burdens, and associated costs. The legislation and rules to be promulgated may exert a negative effect on the Funds ability to meet its investment objective, either through limits or requirements imposed on the Fund or its counterparties. The swap market could be disrupted or limited as a result of the legislation, and the new requirements may increase the cost of the Funds investments and of doing business, which could adversely affect the ability of the Fund to buy or sell OTC derivatives. |
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Swap agreements include (but are not limited to): |
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Currency Swaps. Currency swaps involve the exchange of the rights of the parties to make or receive payments in specified currencies. Because currency swaps usually involve the delivery of the entire principal value of one designated currency in exchange for the other designated currency, the entire principal value of a currency swap is subject to the risk that the other party to the swap will default on its contractual delivery obligations. If the investment adviser is incorrect in its forecasts of market value and currency exchange rates, performance may be adversely affected. |
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Equity Swaps. An equity swap is an agreement in which at least one partys payments are based on the rate of return of an equity security or equity index, such as the S&P 500. The other partys payments can be based on a fixed rate, a non-equity variable rate, or even a different equity index. The Fund may enter into equity index swaps on a net basis pursuant to which the future cash flows from two reference instruments are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two. |
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Credit Default Swaps. Under a credit default swap agreement, the protection buyer in a credit default contract is generally obligated to pay the protection seller an upfront or a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract, provided that no credit event, such as a default, on a reference instrument has occurred. If a credit event occurs, the seller generally must pay the buyer the par value (full notional value) of the reference instrument in exchange for an equal face amount of the reference instrument described in the swap, or the seller may be required to deliver the related net cash amount, if the swap is cash settled. If the Fund is a buyer and no credit event occurs, the Fund may recover nothing if the swap is held through its termination date. As a seller, the Fund generally receives an upfront payment or a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the swap provided that there is no credit event. As the seller, the Fund would effectively add leverage to its portfolio because, in addition to its total net assets, the Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. The determination of a credit event under the swap agreement will depend on the terms of the agreement and may rely on the decision of persons that are not a party to the agreement. The Funds obligations under a credit default swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owed to the Fund). |
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Inflation Swaps. Inflation swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive interest, e.g., an exchange of fixed rate payments for floating rate payments or an exchange of floating rate payments based on two different reference indices. By design, one of the reference indices is an inflation index, such as the Consumer Price Index. Inflation swaps can be designated as zero coupon, where both sides of the swap compound interest over the life of the swap and then the accrued interest is paid out only at the swaps maturity. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
74
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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Total Return Swaps. Total return swap agreements are contracts in which one party agrees to make periodic payments to another party based on the change in market value of the assets underlying the contract, which may include a specified security, basket of securities or securities indices during the specified period, in return for periodic payments based on a fixed or variable interest rate or the total return from other underlying assets. Total return swap agreements may be used to obtain exposure to a security or market without owning or taking physical custody of such security or investing directly in such market. Total return swap agreements may effectively add leverage to the Funds portfolio because, in addition to its total net assets, the Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. Generally, the Fund will enter into total return swaps on a net basis (i.e., the two payment streams are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments). The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Funds obligations over its entitlements with respect to each total return swap will be accrued on a daily basis. If the total return swap transaction is entered into on other than a net basis, the full amount of the Funds obligations will be accrued on a daily basis, and the full amount of the Funds obligations will be segregated by the Fund in an amount equal to or greater than the market value of the liabilities under the total return swap or the amount it would have cost the Fund initially to make an equivalent direct investment, plus or minus any amount the Fund is obligated to pay or is to receive under the total return swap agreement. |
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Interest Rate Swaps, Caps and Floors. Interest rate swaps are OTC contracts in which each party agrees to make a periodic interest payment based on an index or the value of an asset in return for a periodic payment from the other party based on a different index or asset. The purchase of an interest rate floor entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index falls below a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a notional principal amount from the party selling such interest rate floor. The purchase of an interest rate cap entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index rises above a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a notional principal amount from the party selling such interest rate cap. The Fund usually will enter into interest rate swap transactions on a net basis (i.e., the two payment streams are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments). The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Funds obligations over its entitlements with respect to each interest rate swap will be accrued on a daily basis. If the interest rate swap transaction is entered into on other than a net basis, the full amount of the Funds obligations will be accrued on a daily basis. Certain federal income tax requirements may limit the Funds ability to engage in certain interest rate transactions. |
Swaptions |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. A swaption is a contract that gives a counterparty the right (but not the obligation) in return for payment of a premium, to enter into a new swap agreement or to shorten, extend, cancel or otherwise modify an existing swap agreement, at some designated future time on specified terms. The Fund may write (sell) and purchase put and call swaptions. Depending on the terms of the particular option agreement, the Fund will generally incur a greater degree of risk when it writes a swaption than it will incur when it purchases a swaption. When the Fund purchases a swaption, it risks losing only the amount of the premium it has paid should it decide to let the option expire unexercised. However, when the Fund writes a swaption, upon exercise of the option the Fund will become obligated according to the terms of the underlying agreement. |
Tax-Managed Investing |
Taxes are a major influence on the net returns that investors receive on their taxable investments. There are four components of the returns of a mutual fund that invests in equities that are treated differently for federal income tax purposes: price appreciation, distributions of qualified dividend income, distributions of other investment income, and distributions of realized short-term and long-term capital gains. Distributions of income other than qualified dividend income and distributions of net realized short-term gains (on stocks held for one year or less) are taxed as ordinary income. Distributions of qualified dividend income and net realized long-term gains (on stocks held for more than one year) are currently taxed at rates up to 20%. The Funds investment program and the tax treatment of Fund distributions may be affected by IRS interpretations of the Code and future changes in tax laws and regulations. Returns derived from price appreciation are untaxed until the shareholder disposes of his or her shares. Upon disposition, a capital gain (short-term, if the shareholder has held his or her shares for one year or less, otherwise long-term) equal to the difference between the net proceeds of the disposition and the shareholders adjusted tax basis is realized. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
75
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Trust Certificates |
Trust certificates are investments in a limited purpose trust or other vehicle formed under state law. Trust certificates in turn invest in instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps, preferred securities and other securities, in order to customize the risk/return profile of a particular security. Like an investment in a bond, investments in trust certificates represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in the form of distributions) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the certificate. However, these payments are conditioned on the trusts receipt of payments from, and the trusts potential obligations to, the counterparties to the derivative instruments and other securities in which the trust invests. Investments in these instruments are indirectly subject to the risks associated with derivative instruments, including, among others, credit risk, default or similar event risk, counterparty risk, interest rate risk, leverage risk and management risk. It is expected that the trusts that issue credit-linked trust certificates will constitute private investment companies, exempt from registration under the 1940 Act. Although the trusts are typically private investment companies, they are generally not actively managed. It is also expected that the certificates will be exempt from registration under the 1933 Act. Accordingly, there may be no established trading market for the certificates and they may constitute illiquid investments. |
U.S. Government Securities |
U.S. Government securities include: (1) U.S. Treasury obligations, which differ in their interest rates, maturities and times of issuance, including: U.S. Treasury bills (maturities of one year or less); U.S. Treasury notes (maturities of one year to ten years); and U.S. Treasury bonds (generally maturities of greater than ten years); and (2) obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies and instrumentalities, which are supported by any of the following: (a) the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury; (b) the right of the issuer to borrow an amount limited to a specific line of credit from the U.S. Treasury; (c) discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase certain obligations of the U.S. Government agency or instrumentality; or (d) the credit of the agency or instrumentality. U.S. Government securities also include any other security or agreement collateralized or otherwise secured by U.S. Government securities. Agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. Government include but are not limited to: Farmers Home Administration, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Federal Housing Administration, Federal Land Banks, Federal Financing Bank, Central Bank for Cooperatives, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, Farm Credit Bank System, Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, Federal National Mortgage Association, General Services Administration, Government National Mortgage Association, Student Loan Marketing Association, United States Postal Service, Maritime Administration, Small Business Administration, Tennessee Valley Authority, Washington D.C. Armory Board and any other enterprise established or sponsored by the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government generally is not obligated to provide support to its instrumentalities. The principal of and/or interest on certain U.S. Government securities could be: (a) payable in foreign currencies rather than U.S. dollars; or (b) increased or diminished as a result of changes in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to the value of foreign currencies. The value of such portfolio securities denominated in foreign currencies may be affected favorably by changes in the exchange rate between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. For additional information about Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation and Federal National Mortgage Association, see Events Regarding FNMA and FHLMC herein. |
Unlisted Securities |
Unlisted securities are neither listed on a stock exchange nor traded over-the-counter. Unlisted securities may include investments in new and early stage companies, which may involve a high degree of business and financial risk that can result in substantial losses and may be considered speculative. Such securities will generally be deemed to be illiquid. Because of the absence of any public trading market for these investments, it may take longer to liquidate these positions than would be the case for publicly traded securities. Although these securities may be resold in privately negotiated transactions, the prices realized from these sales could be less than those originally paid or less than what may be considered the fair value of such securities. Furthermore, issuers whose securities are not publicly traded may not be subject to public disclosure and other investor protection requirements applicable to publicly traded securities. If such securities are required to be registered under the securities laws of one or more jurisdictions before being resold, the Fund may be required to bear the expenses of registration. In addition, in foreign jurisdictions any capital gains realized on the sale of such securities may be subject to higher rates of foreign taxation than taxes payable on the sale of listed securities. |
Utility and Financial Service Companies |
To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may concentrate its investments in utility and/or financial services companies. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
76
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Variable Rate Obligations |
Variable rate instruments provide for adjustments in the interest rate at specified intervals (daily, weekly, monthly, semiannually, etc.) based on market conditions, credit ratings or interest rates and the investor may have the right to put the security back to the issuer or its agent. Variable rate obligations normally provide that the holder can demand payment of the obligation on short notice at par with accrued interest and which are frequently secured by letters of credit or other support arrangements provided by banks. To the extent that such letters of credit or other arrangements constitute an unconditional guarantee of the issuers obligations, a bank may be treated as the issuer of a security for the purposes of complying with the diversification requirements set forth in Section 5(b) of the 1940 Act and Rule 5b-2 thereunder. The Fund would anticipate using these bonds as cash equivalents pending longer term investment of its funds. The rate adjustment features tend to limit the extent to which the market value of the obligations will fluctuate. |
When-Issued Securities, Delayed Delivery and Forward Commitments |
Securities may be purchased on a forward commitment, when-issued or delayed delivery basis (meaning securities are purchased or sold with payment and delivery taking place in the future) in order to secure what is considered to be an advantageous price and yield at the time of entering into the transaction. When the Fund agrees to purchase such securities, it assumes the risk of any decline in value of the security from the date of the agreement to purchase. The Fund does not earn interest on the securities it has committed to purchase until they are paid for and delivered on the settlement date. |
|
From the time of entering into the transaction until delivery and payment is made at a later date, the securities that are the subject of the transaction are subject to market fluctuations. In forward commitment, when-issued or delayed delivery transactions, if the seller or buyer, as the case may be, fails to consummate the transaction, the counterparty may miss the opportunity of obtaining a price or yield considered to be advantageous. However, no payment or delivery is made until payment is received or delivery is made from the other party to the transaction. |
Zero Coupon Bonds |
Zero coupon bonds are debt obligations that do not require the periodic payment of interest and are issued at a significant discount from face value. The discount approximates the total amount of interest the bonds will accrue and compound over the period until maturity at a rate of interest reflecting the market rate of the security at the time of purchase. The effect of owning debt obligations that do not make current interest payments is that a fixed yield is earned not only on the original investment but also, in effect, on all discount accretion during the life of the debt obligation. This implicit reinvestment of earnings at a fixed rate eliminates the risk of being unable to invest distributions at a rate as high as the implicit yield on the zero coupon bond, but at the same time eliminates the holders ability to reinvest at higher rates in the future. For this reason, zero coupon bonds may be subject to substantially greater price fluctuations during periods of changing market interest rates than are comparable securities that pay interest currently. The Fund is required to accrue income from zero coupon bonds on a current basis, even though it does not receive that income currently in cash, and the Fund is required to distribute that income for each taxable year. Thus, the Fund may have to sell other investments to obtain cash needed to make income distributions. |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
77
SAI dated May 1, 2014
APPENDIX A
Class A Fees, Performance and Ownership
Sales Charges and Distribution and Service Fees.
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the following table shows (1) total sales charges paid by the Fund, (2) sales charges paid to financial intermediaries, (3) sales charges paid to the principal underwriter, (4) approximate CDSC payments to the principal underwriter, (5) total distribution and service fees paid by the Fund, and (6) distribution and service fees paid to financial intermediaries. Distribution and service fees that were not paid to financial intermediaries were retained by the principal underwriter.
Performance Information. The table below indicates the average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment of $1,000 in this Class of shares for the periods shown in the table. Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses. Performance would have been lower without subsidies.
Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested. The Funds past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, the Funds current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted return. For the Funds performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.
About Returns After Taxes. After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions. After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares. The tax treatment of a portion of the distributions made in the current year may be recharacterized as taxable after year-end.
|
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
|
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Life of Fund* |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
-11.60% |
-2.76% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
-15.82% |
-4.02% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
-11.69% |
-3.61% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
-15.91% |
-4.86% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
-6.49% |
-2.17% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
-8.88% |
-3.10% |
Class A shares commenced operations on April 8, 2010 |
|
|
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
78
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities.
At April 1,
2014
, the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned in the aggregate less than 1% of the outstanding shares of this Class of the Fund. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
58.7% |
UBS WM USA |
Weekawken, NJ |
12.9% |
Merrill Lynch Fenner Pierce & Smith |
Jacksonville, FL |
9.8% |
Beneficial owners of 25% or more of this Class of a Fund are presumed to be in control of the Fund for purposes of voting on certain matters submitted to shareholders.
To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class of the Fund as of such date.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
79
SAI dated May 1, 2014
APPENDIX B
Class C Fees, Performance and Ownership
Distribution and Service Fees.
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the following table shows (1) sales commissions paid by the principal underwriter to financial intermediaries on sales of Class C shares, (2) distribution fees paid to the principal underwriter under the Distribution Plan, (3) approximate CDSC payments to the principal underwriter, (4) service fees paid under the Distribution Plan, and (5) service fees paid to financial intermediaries. The service fees paid by the Fund that were not paid to financial intermediaries were retained by the principal underwriter.
Commission Paid by
|
Distribution Fee Paid
|
CDSC Paid
|
Service Fees |
Service Fees Paid
|
$118,673 |
$115,723 |
$400 |
$38,574 |
$39,558 |
Performance Information. The table below indicates the average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment of $1,000 in this Class of shares for the periods shown in the table. Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses. Performance would have been lower without subsidies.
Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested. The Funds past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, the Funds current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted return. For the Funds performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.
About Returns After Taxes. After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions. After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares. The tax treatment of a portion of the distributions made in the current year may be recharacterized as taxable after year-end.
|
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
|
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Life of Fund* |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
-12.29% |
-3.51% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
-13.17% |
-3.51% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
-12.39% |
-4.37% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
-13.26% |
-4.37% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
-6.88% |
-2.73% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
-7.37% |
-2.73% |
Class C commenced operations on April 8, 2010 |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
80
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities.
At April 1,
2014
, the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned in the aggregate less than 1% of the outstanding shares of this Class of the Fund. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
58.2% |
Merrill Lynch Pierce Fenner & Smith |
Jacksonville, FL |
15.7% |
UBS WM USA |
Weekawken, NJ |
8.7% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beneficial owners of 25% or more of this Class of a Fund are presumed to be in control of the Fund for purposes of voting on certain matters submitted to shareholders.
To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class of the Fund as of such date.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
81
SAI dated May 1, 2014
APPENDIX C
Class I Performance and Ownership
Performance Information. The table below indicates the average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment of $1,000 in this Class of shares for the periods shown in the table. Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses. Performance would have been lower without subsidies.
Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested. The Funds past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, the Funds current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted return. For the Funds performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.
About Returns After Taxes. After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions. After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares. The tax treatment of a portion of the distributions made in the current year may be recharacterized as taxable after year-end.
|
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
|
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Life of Fund* |
Before Taxes |
-11.26% |
-2.55% |
After Taxes on Distributions |
-11.35% |
-3.44% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption |
-6.30% |
-2.03% |
Class I commenced operations on April 8, 2010 |
|
|
Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities.
At April 1,
2014
, the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned in the aggregate less than 1% of the outstanding shares of this Class of the Fund. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
94.8% |
Beneficial owners of 25% or more of this Class of a Fund are presumed to be in control of the Fund for purposes of voting on certain matters submitted to shareholders.
To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class of the Fund as of such date.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
82
SAI dated May 1, 2014
APPENDIX D
RATINGS
The ratings indicated herein are believed to be the most recent ratings available at the date of this SAI for the securities listed. Ratings are generally given to securities at the time of issuance. While the rating agencies may from time to time revise such ratings, they undertake no obligation to do so, and the ratings indicated do not necessarily represent ratings which would be given to these securities on a particular date.
MOODYS INVESTORS SERVICE, INC. (Moodys)
Ratings assigned on
Moodys
global
long-term
and short-term rating scales are forward-looking
opinions of the relative credit
risks
of
financial obligations issued by non-financial corporates, financial institutions, structured finance vehicles, project finance vehicles, and public sector entities. Long-term ratings are assigned to issuers or
obligations with an original maturity of one year or more
and reflect both
on
the likelihood of
a
default
on contractually promised payments and the expected
financial loss suffered in the event of default.
Short-term ratings are assigned to obligations with an original maturity of thirteen months or less and reflect the likelihood of a default on contractually promised payments.
GLOBAL LONG-TERM RATINGS SCALE
Aaa:
Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality,
subject to the lowest level of
credit risk.
Aa: Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low risk.
A: Obligations rated A are considered upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.
Baa:
Obligations rated Baa are
judged to be medium-grade and
subject to moderate credit risk
and a
such may possess certain speculative characteristics
Ba:
Obligations rated Ba are judged to
be
speculative
and are subject to substantial credit risk.
B: Obligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.
Caa: Obligations rated Caa are judged to be speculative of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.
Ca: Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.
C:
Obligations rated C are the lowest rated
and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.
Note: Moodys appends numerical modifiers, 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category.
GLOBAL
SHORT-TERM
RATING SCALE
Moodys short term ratings are opinions of the ability of issuers to honor short-term financial obligations. Ratings may be assigned to issuers, short-term programs or to individual short-term debt instruments. Such obligations generally have an original maturity not exceeding thirteen months, unless explicitly noted.
P-1: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-1 have a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-2: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 have a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-3: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-3 have an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations.
NP: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime ratings categories.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
83
SAI dated May 1, 2014
ISSUER RATINGS
Issuer Ratings are opinions of the ability of entities to honor senior unsecured financial
counterparty obligations and contracts. As such, Issuer Ratings incorporate any external support that is expected to apply to all current and future issuance of senior unsecured financial obligations and contracts, such as explicit support stemming from a guarantee of all senior unsecured financial obligations and contracts, and/or implicit support for issuers subject to joint default analysis (e.g. banks and government-related issuers). Issuer Ratings do not incorporate support arrangements, such as guarantees, that apply only to specific (but not to all) senior unsecured financial obligations and contracts.
US MUNICIPAL SHORT-TERM OBLIGATION RATINGS AND DEMAND OBLIGATION RATINGS
SHORT-TERM OBLIGATION RATINGS
While the global short-term prime
rating
scale is applied to US municipal tax-exempt commercial paper, these programs are typically backed by external letters of credit or liquidity facilities and their short-term prime ratings usually map to the long-term rating of the enhancing bank or financial institution and not to the municipalitys rating. Other
short-term municipal obligations
, which generally have different funding sources for repayment,
are
rated using two additional short-term rating scales (i.e., the MIG and VMIG scales discussed below).
The
Municipal Investment Grade (MIG)
scale is used to rate US municipal bond anticipation notes of up to three years maturity. Municipal notes rated on the MIG scale may be secured by either pledged revenues or proceeds of a take-out financing received prior to note maturity. MIG ratings expire at the maturity of the obligation, and the issuers long-term rating is only one consideration in assigning the MIG rating. MIG ratings are
divided into three levels
MIG 1 through MIG 3
while speculative grade
short-term obligations
are designated SG
.
MIG 1
This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by established cash flows, highly reliable liquidity support, or demonstrated broad-
based
access to the market for refinancing.
MIG 2
This designation denotes strong credit quality. Margins of protection are ample, although not as large as in the preceding group.
MIG 3
This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Liquidity and cash-flow protection may be narrow, and market access for refinancing is likely to be less well-established.
SG
This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Debt instruments in this category may lack sufficient margins
of
protection.
Demand Obligation Ratings
In the case of variable rate demand obligations (VRDOs), a two-component rating is assigned; a long or short-term rating and demand obligation rating. The first element represents Moodys evaluation of the degree of risk associated with scheduled principal and interest payments. The second element represents Moodys evaluation of the degree of risk associated with the ability to receive purchase price upon demand (demand feature),
The second element uses a rating from
a variation of the MIG
scale
called
the Variable Municipal Investment Grade
(
VMIG
) scale. The
rating
transitions on the VMIG scale, as shown in the diagram below, differ from those on the Prime scale to reflect the risk that external liquidity support generally will terminate if the issuers long-term rating drops below investment grade.
VMIG 1: This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by the superior short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
VMIG 2: This designation denotes strong credit quality. Good protection is afforded by the strong short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
VMIG 3: This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Adequate protection is afforded by the satisfactory short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
SG: This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Demand features rated in this category may be supported by a liquidity provider that does not have an investment grade short-term rating or may lack the structural and/or legal protections necessary to ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
84
SAI dated May 1, 2014
STANDARD & POORS RATINGS
SERVICES
(S&P)
ISSUE CREDIT RATINGS DEFINITIONS
A Standard & Poor's issue credit rating is a forward-looking opinion about the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific financial obligation, a specific class of financial obligations, or a specific financial program (including ratings on medium-term note programs and commercial paper programs). It takes into consideration the creditworthiness of guarantors, insurers, or other forms of credit enhancement on the obligation and takes into account the currency in which the obligation is denominated. The opinion reflects Standard & Poor's view of the obligor's capacity and willingness to meet its financial commitments as they come due, and may assess terms, such as collateral security and subordination, which could affect ultimate payment in the event of default.
Issue credit ratings can be either long
-term
or short
-
term. Short-term ratings are generally assigned to those obligations considered short-term in the relevant market. In the U.S., for example, that means obligations with an original maturity of no more than 365 days
including commercial paper. Short-term ratings are also used to
indicate
the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to put
features on long-term obligations.
Medium-term notes are assigned long-term ratings.
LONG-TERM ISSUE CREDIT RATINGS:
Issue credit ratings are based , in varying degrees , on Standard & Poor's analysis of the following considerations:
·
Likelihood of payment
—
capacity and willingness of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on an obligation in accordance with the terms of the obligation
;
·
Nature of and provisions of the
obligation;, and the promise we impute.
·
Protection afforded by, and relative position of, the obligation in the event of bankruptcy, reorganization, or other arrangement under the laws of bankruptcy and other laws affecting
creditors'
rights. Issue ratings are an assessment of default risk, but may incorporate an assessment of relative seniority or ultimate recovery in the event of default. Junior obligations are typically rated lower than senior obligations, to reflect the lower priority in bankruptcy, as noted above. (Such differentiation may apply when an entity has both senior and subordinated obligations, secured and unsecured obligations, or operating company and holding company obligations.)
AAA:
An obligation rated AAA has the highest rating assigned by S&P. The obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.
AA: An obligation rated AA differs from the highest-rated obligors only to a small degree. The obligors capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is very strong.
A: An obligation rated A is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is still strong.
BBB: An obligation rated BBB exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
BB, B, CCC, CC and C
Obligations rated BB, B, CCC, CC, and C are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. BB indicates the least degree of speculation and C the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.
BB: An obligation rated BB is less vulnerable to non-payment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligors inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B: An obligation rated B is more vulnerable than obligations rated BB, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse business, financial or economic conditions will likely impair the obligors capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
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CCC: An obligation rated CCC is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial or, economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CC: An obligation rated CC is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The 'CC' rating is used when a default has not yet occurred, but Standard & Poor's expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default.
C
:
An
obligation rated
'C'
is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment
, and the
obligation
is expected to have lower relative seniority or lower ultimate recovery compared
to
obligations
that
are rated higher
.
D:
An
obligation rated
'D'
is in
default
or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the 'D'
rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due
, unless
Standard & Poor's
believes that such payments will be made
within five business days in the absence of a stated grace period or within the earlier of the stated
grace period
or 30 calendar days.
The
'D'
rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of
similar action
and where default
on an obligation
is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation's rating is lowered to 'D' if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.
NR: This indicates that no rating has been requested,
or
that there is insufficient information on which to base a rating, or that
Standard & Poor's
does not rate a particular obligation as a matter of policy.
*The ratings from 'AA' to 'CCC' may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.
SHORT-TERM ISSUE CREDIT RATINGS
A-1: A short-term obligation rated A-1 is rated in the highest category by S&P. The obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitments on these obligation is extremely strong.
A-2: A short-term obligation rated A-2 is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is satisfactory.
A-3: A short-term obligation rated A-3 exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B:
A short-term obligation rated B is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics.
The obligor currently has the capacity to
meet its financial
commitments
; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the
obligor's
inadequate capacity to meet its financial
commitments
.
C:
A short-term obligation rated C is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
D:
A short-term obligation rated
'D'
is in
default
or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the 'D'
rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due
, unless
Standard & Poor's
believes that such payments will be made
within any stated grace period. However, any stated
grace period
longer than five business days will be treated as five business days. The 'D'
rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action
and where default
on an obligation
is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation's rating is lowered to 'D' if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer
.
ISSUER CREDIT RATINGS DEFINITIONS
Standard & Poor's issuer credit rating is a forward-looking opinion about an obligor's overall creditworthiness. This opinion focuses on the obligor's capacity and willingness to meet its financial commitments as they come due. It does not apply to any specific financial obligation, as it does not take into account the nature of and provisions of the obligation, its standing in bankruptcy or liquidation, statutory preferences, or the legality and enforceability of the obligation. Counterparty credit ratings, corporate credit ratings and sovereign credit ratings are all forms of issuer credit ratings.
Issuer credit ratings can be either long-term or short-term.
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LONG-TERM ISSUER CREDIT RATINGS
AAA: An obligor rated AAA has extremely strong capacity to meet its financial commitments. AAA is the highest issuer credit rating assigned by S&P.
AA: An obligor rated AA has very strong capacity to meet its financial commitments. It differs from the highest-rated obligors only to a small degree.
A: An obligor rated A has strong capacity to meet its financial commitments but is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligors in higher-rated categories.
BBB: An obligor rated BBB has adequate capacity to meet its financial commitments. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitments.
BB, B, CCC and CC
Obligors rated BB, B, CCC, and CC are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. BB indicates the least degree of speculation and CC the highest. While such obligors will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.
BB: An obligor BB is less vulnerable in the near term than other lower-rated obligors. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties and exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligors inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.
B: An obligor rated B is more vulnerable than the obligors rated BB, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligors capacity or willingness to meets its financial commitments.
CCC: An obligor rated CCC is currently vulnerable, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions to meet its financial commitments.
CC: An obligor rated CC is currently highly vulnerable. The 'CC' rating is used when a default has not yet occurred, but Standard & Poor's expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default.
R:
An obligor rated
'R'
is under regulatory supervision owing to its financial condition. During the pendency of the regulatory supervision the regulators may have the power to favor one class of obligations over others or pay some obligations and not others.
SD and D
:
An obligor rated
'SD'
(selective default) or
'D' is in default on
one or more of its
financial
obligations
including
rated
and
unrated
financial obligations but excluding hybrid instruments classified as regulatory capital or in non-payment according to terms. An obligor is considered in default unless Standard & Poor's believes that such payments will be made within five business days of the
due
date in the absence of a stated grace period,or within the earlier of the stated grace period or 30 calendar days.
A
'D'
rating is assigned when
Standard & Poor's
believes that the default will be a general default and that the obligor will fail to pay all or substantially all of its obligations as they come due. An
'SD'
rating is assigned when
Standard &
Poor's
believes that the obligor has selectively defaulted on a specific issue or class of obligations but it will continue to meet its payment obligations on other issues or classes of obligations in a timely manner.
An obligor's rating is lowered to 'D' or 'SD' if it is conducting a distressed exchange offer
.
NR: An issuer designated NR is not rated.
Plus (+) or Minus (-): The ratings from AA to CCC may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.
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SHORT-TERM ISSUER CREDIT RATINGS
A-1: An obligor rated A-1 has strong capacity to meet its financial commitments. It is rated in the highest category by S&P. Within this category, certain obligors are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitments is extremely strong.
A-2: An obligor rated A-2 has satisfactory capacity to meet its financial commitments. However, it is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligors in the highest rating category.
A-3: An obligor rated A-3 has adequate capacity to meet its financial obligations. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitments.
B: An obligor rated B is regarded as vulnerable and has significant speculative characteristics. Ratings B-1, B-2, and B-3 may be assigned to indicate finer distinctions within the B category. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligors inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.
C:
An obligor rated
'C'
is currently vulnerable to nonpayment
that would result in a 'SD' or 'D' issuer rating,
and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for it to meet its financial commitments.
R:
An obligor rated R is under regulatory supervision owing to its financial condition. During the pendency of the regulatory supervision the regulators may have the power to favor one class of obligations over others or pay some obligations and not others.
SD and D:
An obligor rated
'SD'
(selective default) or
'D'
has failed to pay one or more of its
financial
obligations (rated or unrated
), excluding hybrid instruments classified as regulatory capital or in nonpayment according to terms,
when it came due.
An obligor
is
considered in default unless Standard & Poor's believes that such payments will be made within any stated grace period. However, any stated grace period longer than five business days will be treated as five business days. A 'D' rating is assigned when Standard & Poor's
believes that the default will be a general default and that the obligor will fail to pay all or substantially all of its obligations as they come due. An
'SD'
rating is assigned when
Standard & Poor's
believes that the obligor has selectively defaulted on a specific issue or class of obligations
, excluding hybrid instruments classified as regulatory capital,
but it will continue to meet its payment obligations on other issues or classes of obligations in a timely manner.
An obligor's rating is lowered to 'D' or 'SD' if it is conducting
a
distressed exchange offer
.
NR: An issuer designated as NR is not rated.
MUNICIPAL SHORT-TERM NOTE RATINGS
SHORT-TERM NOTES:
An S&P U.S. municipal note ratings reflects the liquidity factors and market access risks unique to notes. Notes due in three years or less will likely receive a note rating. Notes maturing beyond three years will most likely receive a long-term debt rating.
In determining which type of rating, if any, to assign, Standard & Poor's analysis will review the following considerations:
Amortization schedule--the larger the final maturity relative to other maturities, the more likely it will be treated as a note; and Source of payment--the more dependent the issue is on the market for its refinancing, the more likely it will be treated as a note.
Municipal Short-Term Note rating symbols are as follows:
SP-1: Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. An issue determined to possess a very strong capacity to pay debt will be given a plus(+) designation.
SP-2: Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over the term of the notes.
SP-3: Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.
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FITCH RATINGS
LONG-TERM CREDIT RATINGS
Investment Grade
AAA: Highest credit quality AAA ratings denote the lowest expectation of credit risk. They are assigned only in case of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. The capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.
AA: Very high credit quality. AA ratings denote expectations of very low credit risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.
A: High credit quality. A ratings denote expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. The capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to changes in circumstances or in economic conditions that is the case for higher ratings.
BBB:
'BBB'
ratings indicate that
expectations of
default
risk
are currently low.
The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse
business or
economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity.
BB: Speculative.
'BB'
ratings indicate
an elevated vulnerability to default
risk
, particularly
in
the
event
of adverse
changes in business or
economic
conditions
over time
.
B: Highly speculative.
B'
ratings indicate that
material default
risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is
vulnerable to deterioration in the
business and economic environment.
CCC:
Substantial credit risk.
Default is a real possibility.
CC:.
Very high
levels of
credit risk.
Default of some kind appears probable.
C:
Exceptionally high levels of credit risk.
Default appears
imminent
or inevitable
.
D:
Indicates
a default.
Default generally is defined as one of the following:
· failure
to make
payment of principal and/or interest under the contractual terms of
the rated
obligation;
· the bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other winding-up or cessation of the business of an issuer/ obligor; or
·
the distressed
exchange of an obligation, where creditors were offered securities with diminished structural or economic terms compared with the existing obligation
to avoid a probable payment default.
Notes to Long-Term ratings:
The modifiers + or - may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the AAA Long-term rating category, to categories below CCC, or to Short-term ratings other than F1. (The +/- modifiers are only used to denote issues within the CCC category, whereas issuers are only rated CCC without the use of modifiers.)
Short-Term Credit Ratings Assigned to Obligations in Corporate, Public and Structured Finance
A short-term issuer or obligation rating is based in all cases on the short-term vulnerability to default of the rated entity or security stream and relates to the capacity to meet financial obligations in accordance with the documentation governing the relevant obligation. Short-Term Ratings are assigned to obligations whose initial maturity is viewed as short term based on market convention. Typically, this means up to 13 months for corporate, sovereign, and structured obligations, and up to 36 months for obligations in U.S. public finance markets.
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F1: Highest short-term credit quality . Indicates the strongest intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added + to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.
F2:
Good
short-term
credit quality.
Good intrinsic
capacity for timely payment of financial commitments
.
F3:
Fair
short-term
credit quality. The
intrinsic
capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate
.
B:
Speculative
short-term credit quality.
Minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus vulnerability to near term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.
C:
High
short-term
default risk.
Default is a real possibility.
RD: Restricted default.
Indicates an entity
that has defaulted on
one or more
of its financial
commitments, although it continues to meet other financial
obligations.
Typically applicable
to
entity
ratings
only.
D: Indicates a broad-based default event for an entity, or the default of a short-term obligation.
DESCRIPTION OF INSURANCE FINANCIAL STRENGTH RATINGS
Moodys Investors Service, Inc. Insurance Financial Strength Ratings
Moodys Insurance Financial Strength Ratings are opinions of the ability of insurance companies to repay punctually senior policyholder claims and obligations
and also reflect the expected financial loss suffered in the event of default .
Specific obligations are considered unrated unless they are individually rated because the standing of a particular insurance obligation would depend on an assessment of its relative standing under those laws governing both the obligation and the insurance company.
Standard & Poors Insurance Financial Strength Ratings
A
Standard & Poor's
insurer financial strength rating is a
forward-looking
opinion
about
the financial security characteristics of an insurance organization with respect to its ability to pay under its insurance policies and contracts in accordance with their terms. Insurer financial strength ratings are also assigned to health maintenance organizations and similar health plans with respect to their ability to pay under their policies and contracts in accordance with their terms. This opinion is not specific to any particular policy or contract, nor does it address the suitability of a particular policy or contract for a specific purpose or purchaser. Furthermore, the opinion does not take into account deductibles, surrender or cancellation penalties, timeliness of payment, nor the likelihood of the use of a defense such as fraud to deny claims.
Insurer financial strength ratings do not refer to an organization's ability to meet nonpolicy (i.e., debt) obligations.
Assignment of ratings to debt issued by insurers or to debt issues that are fully or partially supported by insurance policies, contracts, or guarantees is a separate process from the determination of insurer financial strength ratings, and follows procedures consistent with
those used to assign an
issue credit rating
. An
insurer financial strength
rating is
not a recommendation to purchase or discontinue any policy or contract issued by an insurer
.
Long-Term
Insurer Financial Strength Ratings
-Term
Insurer Financial Strength
Ratings*
Category Definition
AAA
An insurer rated 'AAA' has extremely strong financial security characteristics. 'AAA' is the highest insurer financial strength rating assigned by Standard & Poor's.
AA
An insurer rated 'AA' has very strong financial security characteristics, differing only slightly from those rated higher.
A
An insurer rated 'A' has strong financial security characteristics, but is somewhat more likely to be affected by adverse business conditions than are insurers with higher ratings.
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BBB
An insurer rated 'BBB' has good financial security characteristics, but is more likely to be affected by adverse business conditions than are higher-rated insurers.
BB; CCC; and CC
An insurer rated 'BB' or lower is regarded as having vulnerable characteristics that may outweigh its strengths. 'BB' indicates the least degree of vulnerability within the range; 'CC' the highest.
BB
An insurer rated 'BB' has marginal financial security characteristics. Positive attributes exist, but adverse business conditions could lead to insufficient ability to meet financial commitments.
B
An insurer rated 'B' has weak financial security characteristics. Adverse business conditions will likely impair its ability to meet
financial commitments.
CCC
An insurer rated 'CCC' has very weak financial security characteristics, and is dependent on favorable business conditions to meet
financial commitments.
CC
An insurer rated 'CC' has extremely weak financial security characteristics and is likely not to meet some of its financial
commitments.
SD or D
An insurer rated 'SD' (selective default) or 'D' is in default on one or more of its insurance policy obligations but is not under regulatory supervision that would involve a rating of 'R'. The 'D' rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action if payments on a policy obligation are at risk. A 'D' rating is assigned when Standard & Poor's believes that the default will be a general default and that the obligor will fail to pay substantially all of its obligations in full in accordance with the policy terms. An 'SD' rating is assigned when Standard & Poor's believes that the insurer has selectively defaulted on a specific class of policies but it will continue to meet its payment obligations on other classes of obligations. A selective default includes the completion of a distressed exchange offer. Claim denials due to lack of coverage or other legally permitted defenses are not considered defaults.
R
An insurer rated 'R' is under regulatory supervision owing to its financial condition. During the pendency of the regulatory supervision, the regulators may have the power to favor one class of obligations over others or pay some obligations and not others. The rating does not apply to insurers subject only to nonfinancial actions such as market conduct violations.
NR
An insurer designated 'NR' is not rated, which implies no opinion about the insurer's financial security.
*Ratings from 'AA' to 'CCC' may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.
Fitch Insurer Financial Strength Rating
The Insurer Financial Strength (
IFS
)
Rating provides an assessment of the financial strength of an insurance organization. The IFS Rating is assigned to the insurance
company's
policyholder obligations, including assumed reinsurance obligations and contract holder obligations, such as guaranteed investment contracts. The IFS Rating reflects both the ability of the insurer to meet these obligations on a timely basis, and expected recoveries received by claimants in the event the insurer stops making payments or payments are interrupted, due to either the failure of the insurer or some form of regulatory intervention. In the context of the IFS Rating, the timeliness of payments is considered relative to both contract and/or policy terms but also recognizes the possibility of reasonable delays caused by circumstances common to the insurance industry, including claims reviews, fraud investigations and coverage disputes.
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The IFS Rating does not encompass policyholder obligations residing in separate accounts, unit-linked products or segregated funds, for which the policyholder bears investment or other risks. However, any guarantees provided to the policyholder with respect to such obligations are included in the IFS Rating.
Expected recoveries are based on
the agency's
assessments of the sufficiency of an insurance
company's
assets to fund policyholder obligations, in a scenario in which payments have
ceased or
been
interrupted. Accordingly, expected recoveries exclude the impact of recoveries obtained from any government sponsored guaranty or policyholder protection funds. Expected recoveries also exclude the impact of
collateralization
or security, such as letters of credit or trusteed assets, supporting select reinsurance obligations.
IFS Ratings can be assigned to insurance and reinsurance companies in any insurance sector, including the life & annuity, non-life, property/casualty, health, mortgage, financial guaranty, residual value and title insurance sectors, as well as to managed care companies such as health maintenance organizations.
The IFS Rating does not address the quality of an
insurer's
claims handling services or the relative value of products sold.
The
IFS Rating
uses the same symbols used by the agency for its International and National credit ratings of long-term or short-term debt issues. However, the definitions associated with the ratings reflect the unique aspects of the
IFS Rating
within an insurance industry context.
Obligations for which a payment interruption has occurred due to either the insolvency or failure of the insurer or some form of regulatory intervention will generally be rated between 'B' and 'C' on the Long-Term IFS Rating scales (both International and National). International Short-Term IFS Ratings
assigned
under the same circumstances will align with the insurer's International Long-Term IFS Rating.
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APPENDIX E
Eaton Vance Funds
Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures
I. Overview
The Boards of Trustees (the
“
Board
”
) of the Eaton Vance
Funds
1
have determined that it is in the interests of the Funds
’
shareholders to adopt these written proxy voting policy and procedures (the
“
Policy
”
). For purposes of this Policy:
·
“ Fund ” means each registered investment company sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization; and
·
“ Adviser ” means the adviser or sub-adviser responsible for the day-to-day management of all or a portion of the Fund ’ s assets.
II. Delegation of Proxy Voting Responsibilities
The Board hereby delegates to the Adviser responsibility for voting the Funds proxies as described in this Policy. In this connection, the Adviser is required to provide the Board with a copy of its proxy voting policies and procedures (Adviser Procedures) and all Fund proxies will be voted in accordance with the Adviser Procedures, provided that in the event a material conflict of interest arises with respect to a proxy to be voted for the Fund (as described in Section IV below) the Adviser shall follow the process for voting such proxy as described in Section IV below.
The Adviser is required to report any material change to the Adviser Procedures to the Board in the manner set forth in Section V below. In addition, the Board will review the Adviser Procedures annually.
III. Delegation of Proxy Voting Disclosure Responsibilities
Pursuant to Rule 30b1-4 promulgated under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “ 1940 Act ” ), the Fund is required to file Form N-PX no later than August 31st of each year. On Form N-PX, the Fund is required to disclose, among other things, information concerning proxies relating to the Funds portfolio investments, whether or not the Fund (or its Adviser) voted the proxies relating to securities held by the Fund and how it voted on the matter and whether it voted for or against management.
To facilitate the filing of Form N-PX for the Fund:
·
The Adviser is required to record, compile and transmit in a timely manner all data required to be filed on Form N-PX for the Fund that it manages. Such data shall be transmitted to Eaton Vance Management, which acts as administrator to the Fund (the Administrator) or the third party service provider designated by the Administrator; and
·
the Administrator is required to file Form N-PX on behalf of the Fund with the Securities and Exchange Commission (Commission) as required by the 1940 Act. The Administrator may delegate the filing to a third party service party provided each such filing is reviewed and approved by the Administrator.
IV. Conflicts of Interest
The Board expects the Adviser, as a fiduciary to the Fund it manages, to put the interests of the Fund and its shareholders above those of the Adviser. When required to vote a proxy for the Fund, the Adviser may have material business relationships with the issuer soliciting the proxy that could give rise to a potential material conflict of interest for the Adviser.
2
In the event such a material conflict of interest arises , the Adviser, to the extent it is aware or reasonably should have been aware of the material conflict, will refrain from voting any proxies related to companies giving rise to such material conflict until it notifies and consults with the appropriate Board, or any committee, sub-committee or group of Independent Trustees identified by the Board (as long as such committee, sub-committee or group contains at least two or more Independent Trustees) (the Board Members), concerning the material conflict.
3
For ease of communicating with the Board Members, the Adviser is required to provide the foregoing notice to the Funds Chief Legal Officer who will then notify and facilitate a consultation with the Board Members.
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Once the Board Members have been notified of the material conflict:
·
They shall convene a meeting to review and consider all relevant materials related to the proxies involved. This meeting shall be convened within 3 business days, provided that it an effort will be made to convene the meeting sooner if the proxy must be voted in less than 3 business days;
·
In considering such proxies, the Adviser shall make available all materials requested by the Board Members and make reasonably available appropriate personnel to discuss the matter upon request.
·
The Board Members will then instruct the Adviser on the appropriate course of action with respect to the proxy at issue.
If the Board Members are unable to meet and the failure to vote a proxy would have a material adverse impact on the Fund(s) involved, the Adviser will have the right to vote such proxy, provided that it discloses the existence of the material conflict to the Chairman of the Board as soon as practicable and to the Board at its next meeting. Any determination regarding the voting of proxies of the Fund that is made by the Board Members shall be deemed to be a good faith determination regarding the voting of proxies by the full Board.
V. Reports and Review
The Administrator shall make copies of each Form N-PX filed on behalf of the Fund available for the Boards ’ review upon the Board ’ ’ request. The Administrator (with input from the Adviser for the Fund) shall also provide any reports reasonably requested by the Board regarding the proxy voting records of the Fund.
The Adviser shall report any material changes to the Adviser Procedures to the Board as soon as practicable and the Boards will review the Adviser Procedures annually.
The Adviser also shall report any changes to the Adviser Procedures to the Fund Chief Legal Officer prior to implementing such changes in order to enable the Administrator to effectively coordinate the Funds disclosure relating to the Adviser Procedures.
To the extent requested by the Commission, the Policy and the Adviser Procedures shall be appended to the Funds statement of additional information included in its registration statement.
_____________________
1
The Eaton Vance Funds may be organized as trusts or corporations. For ease of reference, the Funds may be referred to herein as Trusts and the Funds Board of Trustees or Board of Directors may be referred to collectively herein as the Board.
2
An Adviser is expected to maintain a process for identifying a potential material conflict of interest. As an example only, such potential conflicts may arise when the issuer is a client of the Adviser and generates a significant
amount
of fees to the Adviser or the issuer is a distributor of the Advisers products.
3
If a material conflict of interest exists with respect to a particular proxy and the proxy voting procedures of the relevant Adviser require that proxies are to be voted in accordance with the recommendation of a third party proxy voting vendor, the requirements of this Section IV shall only apply if the Adviser intends to vote such proxy in a manner inconsistent with such third party recommendation.
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APPENDIX F
ARMORED WOLF LLC
PROXY VOTING POLICIES, GUIDELINES AND PROCEDURES
Armored Wolf (AW) has adopted the following Policies, Guidelines and Procedures pursuant to Rule 206(4)-6 under the Advisors Act.
General Policy
AW believes that proxy voting rights are a valuable portfolio asset and an important part of our investment process, and AW exercises its voting responsibilities solely with the goal of serving the best interests of its clients as shareholders of a company. AW believes that the proxy voting process is a significant means of addressing crucial corporate governance issues and encouraging corporate actions that AW believes enhance shareholder value. In determining how to vote on any proposal, AW will consider the proposals expected impact on shareholder value and will not consider any benefit to us, at AW, or our employees or affiliates.
AW considers the reputation, experience and competence of a companys management when AW evaluates the merits of investing in a particular company, and AW invests in companies in which AW believes management goals and shareholder goals are aligned. Therefore, on most issues, we will cast our votes in accordance with managements recommendations. This does not mean we do not care about corporate governance. Rather, it is a confirmation that our process of investing with shareholder aligned management is working. However, when we believe managements position on a particular issue is not in the best interests of AWs clients and their shareholders, AW will vote contrary to managements recommendation.
Proxy Voting Guidelines
Our Proxy Committee has established a number of proxy voting guidelines on various issues of concern to investors. We will normally vote proxies in accordance with these guidelines unless we determine that it is in the best economic interests of AWs clients to vote contrary to the guidelines. Our voting guidelines generally address issues related to boards of directors, auditors, equity based compensation plans, and shareholder rights.
·
With respect to a companys board of directors, AW believes there should be a majority of independent directors and that audit, compensation and nominating committees should consist solely of independent directors, and AW will normally vote in favor of proposals that insure such independence.
·
With respect to auditors, AW believes that the relationship between a public company and its auditors should be limited primarily to the audit engagement, and AW will normally vote in favor of proposals to prohibit or limit fees paid to auditors for any services other than auditing and closely-related activities that do not raise any appearance of impaired independence.
·
With respect to equity based compensation plans, AW believes that appropriately designed plans approved by a companys shareholders can be an effective way to align the interests of long-term shareholders and the interests of management, employees and directors. However, AW will normally vote against plans that substantially dilute our clients ownership interest in the company or provide participants with excessive awards. AW will also normally vote in favor of proposals to require the expensing of options.
·
With respect to shareholder rights, AW believes that all shareholders of a company should have an equal voice and that barriers that limit the ability of shareholders to effect corporate change and to realize the full value of their investment are not desirable. Therefore, AW will normally vote against proposals for supermajority voting rights, against the adoption of poison pill plans, and against proposals for different classes of stock with different voting rights.
·
With respect to social responsibility issues, AW believes that matters related to a companys day-to-day business operations are primarily the responsibility of management. AW is focused on maximizing long-term shareholder value and will normally vote against shareholder proposals requesting that a company disclose or change certain business practices unless AW believes the proposal would have a substantial positive economic impact on the company.
·
With respect to fixed income securities, while proxy voting is rare it could occur in connection with plans of reorganization or waivers or consents, in which case AW will vote the securities for the reorganization, or waiver or consent unless AW determines it would be harmful to the interests of the clients in doing so.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
95
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Conflicts of Interest
Our Proxy Committee, in consultation with our legal and compliance departments, will monitor and resolve any potential conflicts of interest with respect to proxy voting. A conflict of interest might exist, for example, when an issuer who is soliciting proxy votes also has a client relationship with AW, when a client of AWs is involved in a proxy contest (such as a corporate director), or when one of our employees has a personal interest in a proxy matter. When a conflict of interest arises, in order to insure that proxies are voted solely in the best interests of the clients, AW will vote in accordance with either our written guidelines or the recommendation of an independent third-party voting service. If AW believes that voting in accordance with the guidelines or the recommendation of the proxy voting service would not be in the collective best interests of AW clients, the Management Committee of AW will determine how shares should be voted.
How to Obtain Funds Proxy Voting Record
Clients may receive a copy of this Policy, as well as information on how proxies were voted for a relevant client account upon request by contacting AWs Legal Department. AW will not disclose proxy votes for a client account to a third party, unless specifically requested in writing by the relevant client.
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
96
SAI dated May 1, 2014
STATEMENT OF
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
May 1,
2014
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
Class A Shares - ETGIX Class B Shares - EMGIX Class C Shares - ECGIX Class I Shares - EGIIX
Two International Place
Boston, Massachusetts 02110
1-800-262-1122
This Statement of Additional Information (SAI) provides general information about the Fund and the Portfolio. The Fund and Portfolio are diversified, open-end management investment companies. The Fund is a series of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust. Capitalized terms used in this SAI and not otherwise defined have the meanings given to them in the Prospectus.
This SAI contains additional information about:
|
Page |
|
|
Page |
Strategies and Risks |
2 |
|
Sales Charges |
20 |
Investment Restrictions |
4 |
|
Performance |
23 |
Management and Organization |
6 |
|
Taxes |
24 |
Investment Advisory and Administrative Services |
15 |
|
Portfolio Securities Transactions |
32 |
Other Service Providers |
18 |
|
Financial Statements |
34 |
Calculation of Net Asset Value |
18 |
|
Additional Information About Investment Strategies |
34 |
Purchasing and Redeeming Shares |
19 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appendix A: Class A Fees, Performance and Ownership |
65 |
|
Appendix E: Country Information |
72 |
Appendix B: Class B Fees, Performance and Ownership |
67 |
|
Appendix F: Eaton Vance Funds Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures |
75 |
Appendix C: Class C Fees, Performance and Ownership |
69 |
|
Appendix G: Lloyd George Management Proxy Voting Procedures |
77 |
Appendix D: Class I Performance and Ownership |
71 |
|
|
|
This SAI is NOT a prospectus and is authorized for distribution to prospective investors only if preceded or accompanied by the Fund Prospectus dated May 1,
2014
, as supplemented from time to time, which is incorporated herein by reference. This SAI should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus, which may be obtained by calling 1-800-262-1122.
©
2014
Eaton Vance Management
Definitions
The following terms that may be used in this SAI have the meaning set forth below:
“ 1940 Act ” means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended;
“ 1933 Act means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended;
Board means Board of Trustees or Board of Directors, as applicable;
CEA means Commodity Exchange Act;
CFTC means the
Commodity
Futures Trading Commission;
Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended;
Eaton Vance family of funds means all registered investment companies advised, administered and/or distributed by Eaton Vance or its affiliates;
Eaton Vance funds means the mutual funds sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization;
Exchange means the New York Stock Exchange;
FINRA means the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority;
Fund means the Fund or Funds listed on the cover of this SAI unless stated otherwise;
investment adviser means the investment adviser identified in the prospectus and, with respect to the implementation of the Funds investment strategies (including as described under Taxes) and portfolio securities transactions, any sub-adviser identified in the prospectus;
IRS means the Internal Revenue Service;
Lloyd George Management means the Lloyd George Management Group, which includes the sub-adviser.
Portfolio means a registered investment company (other than the Fund) sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization in which one or more Funds and other investors may invest substantially all or any portion of their assets;
Subsidiary means a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Fund or the Portfolio as described in the prospectus, if applicable;
SEC means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission; and
Trust means Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust, of which the Fund is a series.
STRATEGIES AND RISKS
The Fund prospectus identifies the types of investments in which the Fund will principally invest in seeking its investment objective(s) and the principal risks associated therewith. The categories checked in the table below are all of the investments the Fund is permitted to make, including its principal investments and the investment practices the Fund (either directly or through one or more Portfolios as may be described in the prospectus) is permitted to engage in. To the extent that an investment type or practice listed below is not identified in the Fund prospectus as a principal investment, the Fund generally expects to invest less than 5% of its total assets in such investment type. If a particular investment type that is checked and listed below but not referred to in the prospectus becomes a more significant part of the Funds strategy, the prospectus may be amended to disclose that investment. Fund as used herein and under Additional Information About Investment Strategies refers to the Fund and its corresponding Portfolio. Information about the various investment types and practices and the associated risks checked below is included in alphabetical order in this SAI under Additional Information about Investment Strategies.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
2
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Investment Type |
Permitted for or Relevant to: |
Asset-Backed Securities (ABS) |
|
Auction Rate Securities |
|
Build America Bonds |
|
Call and Put Features on Obligations |
|
Cash Equivalents |
√ |
Collateralized Mortgage Obligations ( “ CMOs ” ) |
|
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities ( “ CMBS ” ) |
|
Commodity-Related Investments |
|
Common Stocks |
√ |
Convertible Securities |
√ (1) |
Credit Linked Securities |
|
Derivative Instruments and Related Risks |
√ |
Direct Investments |
|
Emerging Market Investments |
√ (2) |
Equity Investments |
√ (3) |
Equity Linked Securities |
|
Exchange-Traded Funds ( “ ETFs ” ) |
|
Exchange-Traded Notes ( “ ETNs ” ) |
|
Fixed-Income Securities |
√ (1) |
Foreign Currency Transactions |
√ |
Foreign Investments |
√ |
Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts |
√ |
Forward Rate Agreements |
|
Futures Contracts |
√ (4) |
High Yield Securities |
√ (1) |
Hybrid Instruments |
|
Illiquid Securities |
√ |
Indexed Securities |
|
Inflation-Indexed (or Inflation-Linked) Bonds |
|
Junior Loans |
|
Liquidity or Protective Put Agreements |
|
Loans |
|
Master Limited Partnerships ( “ MLPs ” ) |
|
Mortgage-Backed Securities ( “ MBS ” ) |
|
Mortgage Dollar Rolls |
|
Municipal Lease Obligations ( “ MLOs ” ) |
|
Municipal Obligations |
|
Option Contracts |
√ |
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
√ |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
3
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Preferred Securities |
√ |
Real Estate Investment Trusts ( “ REITs ” ). |
|
Repurchase Agreements |
√ |
Residual Interest Bonds |
|
Reverse Repurchase Agreements |
√ |
Rights and Warrants |
√ |
Royalty Bonds |
|
Securities with Equity and Debt Characteristics |
√ (1) |
Senior Loans |
|
Short Sales |
|
Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities ( “ SMBS ” ) |
|
Structured Notes |
|
Swap Agreements |
√ |
Swaptions |
|
Trust Certificates |
|
U.S. Government Securities |
|
Unlisted Securities |
√ |
Variable Rate Obligations |
|
|
|
Zero Coupon Bonds |
|
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
4
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Other Disclosures Regarding Investment Practices |
Permitted for or Relevant to: |
Securities Lending |
√ |
Short-Term Trading |
|
Significant Exposure to Global Natural Resources Companies |
|
Significant Exposure to Health Sciences Companies |
|
Significant Exposure to Smaller Companies |
√ |
Significant Exposure to Utility and Financial Service Companies |
|
Tax-Managed Investing |
|
(1)
Convertible securities in which the Fund will invest will generally not be rated, but will typically be equivalent in credit quality to securities rated below investment grade. Investments in such lower rated debt securities will not exceed 20% of total assets.
(2)
The Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in issuers in India and the Indian subcontinent. For a discussion of the risks associated with such issuers, see Appendix E.
(3)
Equity securities, for purposes of the 80% policy, will be limited to common and preferred stocks; equity interests in trusts, partnerships, joint ventures and other unincorporated entities or enterprises; special classes of shares available only to foreign investors in markets that restrict ownership by foreign investors to certain classes of equity securities; depositary receipts; convertible preferred stocks; and other convertible instruments. When consistent with its investment objective, the Fund may also invest in equity securities of companies not in the Indian subcontinent.
(4)
The Fund limits investment in stock and index futures to not more than 20% of its total assets.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
The following investment restrictions of the Fund are designated as fundamental policies and as such cannot be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of the Funds outstanding voting securities, which as used in this SAI means the lesser of: (a) 67% of the shares of the Fund present or represented by proxy at a meeting if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares are present or represented at the meeting; or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund. Accordingly, the Fund may not:
(1)
Borrow money or issue senior securities except as permitted by the 1940 Act;
(2)
Purchase any securities on margin (but the Fund and Portfolio may obtain such short-term credits as may be necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of securities);
(3)
Underwrite securities of other issuers;
(4)
Invest in real estate including interests in real estate limited partnerships (although it may purchase and sell securities which are secured by real estate and securities of companies which invest or deal in real estate) or in commodities or commodity contracts for the purchase or sale of physical commodities;
(5)
Make loans to any person except by (a) the acquisition of debt securities and making portfolio investments, (b) entering into repurchase agreements and (c) lending portfolio securities;
(6)
With respect to 75% of its total assets, invest more than 5% of its total assets (taken at current value) in the securities of any one issuer, or invest in more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer, except obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities and except securities of other investment companies; or
(7)
Concentrate its investments in any particular industry, but, if deemed appropriate for the Funds objective, up to (but less than) 25% of the value of its assets may be invested in securities of companies in any one industry (although more than 25% may be invested in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or its agencies or instrumentalities).
For purposes of determining industry classifications, the investment adviser considers an issuer to be in a particular industry if a third party has designated the issuer to be in that industry, unless the investment adviser is aware of circumstances that make the third partys classification inappropriate. In such a case, the investment adviser will assign an industry classification to the issuer.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
5
SAI dated May 1, 2014
In connection with Restriction (1) above, the 1940 Act currently permits investment companies to borrow money so long as there is 300% asset coverage of the borrowing (i.e., borrowings do not exceed one-third of the investment companys total assets after subtracting liabilities other than the borrowings). There is no current intent to borrow money, except for the limited purposes described in the Prospectus.
Notwithstanding its investment policies and restrictions, the Fund may, in compliance with the requirements of the 1940 Act, invest: (i) all of its investable assets in an open-end management investment company with substantially the same investment objective(s), policies and restrictions as the Fund; or (ii) in more than one open-end management investment company sponsored by Eaton Vance or its affiliates, provided any such company has investment objective(s), policies and restrictions that are consistent with those of the Fund.
The Portfolio has adopted substantially the same fundamental investment restrictions as the foregoing investment restrictions adopted by the Fund; such restrictions cannot be changed without the approval of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Portfolio.
In addition, to the extent a registered open-end investment company acquires securities of a portfolio in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(G) under the 1940 Act, such portfolio shall not acquire any securities of a registered open-end investment company in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(G) under the 1940 Act.
The following nonfundamental investment policies have been adopted by the Fund and Portfolio. A nonfundamental investment policy may be changed by the Board with respect to the Fund without approval by the Funds shareholders or, with respect to the Portfolio, without approval of the Fund or its other investors. The Fund and Portfolio will not:
·
make short sales of securities or maintain a short position, unless at all times when a short position is open (i) it owns an equal amount of such securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable, without payment of any further consideration, for securities of the same issue as, and equal in amount to, the securities sold short or (ii) it holds in a segregated account cash or other liquid securities (to the extent required under the 1940 Act) in an amount equal to the current market value of the securities sold short, and unless not more than 25% of its net assets (taken at current value) is held as collateral for such sales at any one time; or
·
invest more than 15% of net assets in investments which are not readily marketable, including restricted securities and repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days. Restricted securities for the purposes of this limitation do not include securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A under the 1933 Act and commercial paper issued pursuant to Section 4(2) of said Act that the members of the Board, or their delegate, determines to be liquid. Any such determination by a delegate will be made pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board. When investing in Rule 144A securities, the level of portfolio illiquidity may be increased to the extent that eligible buyers become uninterested in purchasing such securities.
Whenever an investment policy or investment restriction set forth in the Prospectus or this SAI states a maximum percentage of assets that may be invested in any security or other asset, or describes a policy regarding quality standards, such percentage limitation or standard shall be determined immediately after and as a result of the acquisition by the Fund or Portfolio of such security or asset. Accordingly, unless otherwise noted, any later increase or decrease resulting from a change in values, assets or other circumstances or any subsequent rating change made by a rating service (or as determined by the investment adviser if the security is not rated by a rating agency), will not compel the Fund or Portfolio to dispose of such security or other asset. However, the Fund and Portfolio must always be in compliance with the borrowing policy and limitation on investing in illiquid securities set forth above. If a sale of securities is required to comply with the 15% limit on illiquid securities, such sales will be made in an orderly manner with consideration of the best interests of shareholders. If the Fund is required to reduce borrowings, it will do so within three days (excluding Sundays and holidays) or such longer period as the SEC may prescribe by rules and regulations.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
6
SAI dated May 1, 2014
MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION
Fund Management. The Trustees of the Trust are responsible for the overall management and supervision of the affairs of the Trust. The Trustees of the Portfolio are responsible for the overall management and supervision of the Portfolio. The Board members and officers of the Trust and the Portfolio are listed below. Except as indicated, each individual has held the office shown or other offices in the same company for the last five years. Board members and officers of the Trust and the Portfolio hold indefinite terms of office. The noninterested Trustees consist of those Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust and the Portfolio, as that term is defined under the 1940 Act. The business address of each Board member and officer is Two International Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02110. As used in this SAI, EVC refers to Eaton Vance Corp., EV refers to Eaton Vance, Inc., Eaton Vance refers to Eaton Vance Management and EVD refers to Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. (see Principal Underwriter under Other Service Providers). EVC and EV are the corporate parent and trustee, respectively, of Eaton Vance and BMR. Each officer affiliated with Eaton Vance may hold a position with other Eaton Vance affiliates that is comparable to his or her position with Eaton Vance listed below.
Name and Year of Birth |
|
Trust/Portfolio
|
|
Term of Office and
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years
|
|
Number of Portfolios
|
|
Other Directorships Held
|
Interested Trustee |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
THOMAS E. FAUST JR.
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2007 |
|
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of EVC, Director and President of EV, Chief Executive Officer and President of Eaton Vance and BMR, and Director of EVD. Trustee and/or officer of 182 registered investment companies. Mr. Faust is an interested person because of his positions with BMR, Eaton Vance, EVC, EVD and EV, which are affiliates of the Trust and Portfolio. |
|
182 |
|
Director of EVC and Hexavest Inc. |
Noninterested Trustees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SCOTT E. ESTON
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2011 |
|
Private investor. Formerly held various positions at Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo and Co., L.L.C. (investment management firm) (1997-2009), including Chief Operating Officer (2002-2009), Chief Financial Officer (1997-2009) and Chairman of the Executive Committee (2002-2008); President and Principal Executive Officer, GMO Trust (open-end registered investment company) (2006-2009). Former Partner, Coopers and Lybrand L.L.P. (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) (public accounting firm) (1987-1997). |
|
182 |
|
None |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
7
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Name and Year of Birth |
|
Trust/Portfolio
|
|
Term of Office and
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years
|
|
Number of Portfolios
|
|
Other Directorships Held
|
ALLEN R. FREEDMAN
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2007 |
|
Private investor. Former Chairman (2002-2004) and a Director (1983-2004) of Systems & Computer Technology Corp. (provider of software to higher education). Formerly, a Director of Loring Ward International (fund distributor) (2005-2007). Former Chairman and a Director of Indus International, Inc. (provider of enterprise management software to the power generating industry) (2005-2007). Former Chief Executive Officer of Assurant, Inc. (insurance provider) (1979-2000). |
|
182 |
|
Director of Stonemor Partners L.P. (owner and operator of cemeteries). Formerly, Director of Assurant, Inc. (insurance provider) (1979-2011). |
VALERIE A. MOSLEY
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2014 |
|
Chairwoman and Chief Executive Officer of Valmo Ventures (a consulting and investment firm). Former Partner and Senior Vice President, Portfolio Manager and Investment Strategist at Wellington Management Company, LLP (investment management firm) (1992-2012). Former Chief Investment Officer, PG Corbin Asset Management (1990-1992). Formerly worked in institutional corporate bond sales at Kidder Peabody (1986-1990). |
|
182 |
|
Director of Dynex Capital, Inc. (mortgage REIT) (since 2013). |
WILLIAM H. PARK
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2003 |
|
Consultant and private investor. Formerly, Chief Financial Officer, Aveon Group, L.P. (investment management firm) (2010-2011). Formerly, Vice Chairman, Commercial Industrial Finance Corp. (specialty finance company) (2006-2010). Formerly, President and Chief Executive Officer, Prizm Capital Management, LLC (investment management firm) (2002-2005). Formerly, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, United Asset Management Corporation (investment management firm) (1982-2001). Formerly, Senior Manager, Price Waterhouse (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) (an independent registered public accounting firm) (1972-1981). |
|
182 |
|
None |
RONALD A. PEARLMAN
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2003 |
|
Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center. Formerly, Deputy Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy) and Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy), U.S. Department of the Treasury (1983-1985). Formerly, Chief of Staff, Joint Committee on Taxation, U.S. Congress (1988-1990). |
|
182 |
|
None |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
8
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Name and Year of Birth |
|
Trust/Portfolio
|
|
Term of Office and
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years
|
|
Number of Portfolios
|
|
Other Directorships Held
|
HELEN FRAME PETERS
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2008 |
|
Professor of Finance, Carroll School of Management, Boston College. Formerly, Dean, Carroll School of Management, Boston College (2000-2002). Formerly, Chief Investment Officer, Fixed Income, Scudder Kemper Investments (investment management firm) (1998-1999). Formerly, Chief Investment Officer, Equity and Fixed Income, Colonial Management Associates (investment management firm) (1991-1998). |
|
182 |
|
Formerly, Director of BJs Wholesale Club, Inc. (wholesale club retailer) (2004-2011). Formerly, Trustee of SPDR Index Shares Funds and SPDR Series Trust (exchange traded funds) (2000-2009). Formerly, Director of Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (a bank for banks) (2007-2009). |
HARRIETT TEE TAGGART
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2011 |
|
Managing Director, Taggart Associates (a professional practice firm). Formerly, Partner and Senior Vice President, Wellington Management Company, LLP (investment management firm) (1983-2006). |
|
182 |
|
Director of Albemarle Corporation (chemicals manufacturer) (since 2007) and The Hanover Group (specialty property and casualty insurance company) (since 2009). Formerly, Director of Lubrizol Corporation (specialty chemicals) (2007-2011). |
RALPH F. VERNI
|
|
Chairman of the Board and Trustee |
|
Chairman of the Board since 2007 and Trustee since 2005 |
|
Consultant and private investor. Formerly, Chief Investment Officer (1982-1992), Chief Financial Officer (1988-1990) and Director (1982-1992), New England Life. Formerly, Chairperson, New England Mutual Funds (1982-1992). Formerly, President and Chief Executive Officer, State Street Management & Research (1992-2000). Formerly, Chairperson, State Street Research Mutual Funds (1992-2000). Formerly, Director, W.P. Carey, LLC (1998-2004) and First Pioneer Farm Credit Corp. (2002-2006). |
|
182 |
|
None |
(1)
Includes both master and feeder funds in a master-feeder structure.
(2)
During their respective tenures, the Trustees (except for
Ms.
Mosley
) also served as Board members of one or more of the following funds (which operated in the years noted):
eUnits
TM
2 Year U.S. Equity Market Participation Trust: Upside to Cap / Buffered Downside (launched in 2012 and terminated in 2014);
Eaton Vance Credit Opportunities Fund (launched in 2005 and terminated in 2010); Eaton Vance Insured Florida Plus Municipal Bond Fund (launched in 2002 and terminated in 2009); and Eaton Vance National Municipal Income Trust (launched in 1998 and terminated in 2009).
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
9
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Name and Year of Birth |
|
Trust/Portfolio Position(s) |
|
Term of Office and
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years |
JAMES F. KIRCHNER
|
|
Treasurer |
|
Since 2013 |
|
Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR. Officer of 182 registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance or BMR. |
PAUL M. ONEIL
|
|
Chief Compliance Officer |
|
Since 2004 |
|
Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR. Officer of 182 registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance or BMR. |
*
Prior to 2013, Mr.
Swaffield
served as
Vice President
of the Trust
since
2011
.
The Board has general oversight responsibility with respect to the business and affairs of the Trust and the Fund. The Board has engaged an investment adviser and (if applicable) a sub-adviser (collectively the adviser) to manage the Fund and an administrator to administer the Fund and is responsible for overseeing such adviser and administrator and other service providers to the Trust and the Fund. The Board is currently composed of
nine
Trustees, including
eight
Trustees who are not interested persons of the Fund, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act (each a noninterested Trustee). In addition to eight regularly scheduled meetings per year, the Board holds special meetings or informal conference calls to discuss specific matters that may require action prior to the next regular meeting. As discussed below, the Board has established five committees to assist the Board in performing its oversight responsibilities.
The Board has appointed a noninterested Trustee to serve in the role of Chairman. The Chairmans primary role is to participate in the preparation of the agenda for meetings of the Board and the identification of information to be presented to the Board with respect to matters to be acted upon by the Board. The Chairman also presides at all meetings of the Board and acts as a liaison with service providers, officers, attorneys, and other Board members generally between meetings. The Chairman may perform such other functions as may be requested by the Board from time to time. Except for any duties specified herein or pursuant to the Trusts Declaration of Trust or By-laws, the designation of Chairman does not impose on such noninterested Trustee any duties, obligations or liability that is greater than the duties, obligations or liability imposed on such person as a member of the Board, generally. The Portfolio has the same leadership structure as the Trust.
The Fund and the Trust are subject to a number of risks, including, among others, investment, compliance, operational, and valuation risks. Risk oversight is part of the Boards general oversight of the Fund and the Trust and is addressed as part of various activities of the Board and its Committees. As part of its oversight of the Fund and the Trust, the Board directly, or through a Committee, relies on and reviews reports from, among others, Fund management, the adviser, the administrator, the principal underwriter, the Chief Compliance Officer (the CCO), and other Fund service providers responsible for day-to-day oversight of Fund investments, operations and compliance to assist the Board in identifying and understanding the nature and extent of risks and determining whether, and to what extent, such risks can or should be mitigated. The Board also interacts with the CCO and with senior personnel of the adviser, administrator, principal underwriter and other Fund service providers and provides input on risk management issues during meetings of the Board and its Committees. Each of the adviser, administrator, principal underwriter and the other Fund service providers has its own, independent interest and responsibilities in risk management, and its policies and methods for carrying out risk management functions will depend, in part, on its individual priorities, resources and controls. It is not possible to identify all of the risks that may affect the Fund or to develop processes and controls to eliminate or mitigate their occurrence or effects. Moreover, it is necessary to bear certain risks (such as investment-related risks) to achieve the Funds goals.
The Board, with the assistance of management and with input from the Board's various committees, reviews investment policies and risks in connection with its review of Fund performance. The Board has appointed a Fund Chief Compliance Officer who oversees the implementation and testing of the Fund compliance program and reports to the Board regarding compliance matters for the Fund and
its
principal service providers. In addition, as part of the Boards periodic review of the advisory, subadvisory (if applicable), distribution and other service provider agreements, the Board may consider risk management aspects of their operations and the functions for which they are responsible. With respect to valuation, the Board approves and periodically reviews valuation policies and procedures applicable to valuing the Funds shares. The administrator, the investment adviser and the sub-adviser (if applicable) are responsible for the implementation and day-to-day administration of these valuation policies and procedures and provides reports
to the
Audit Committee of the Board and the
Board regarding these and related matters. In addition, the
Audit Committee of the
Board or
the Board receives reports periodically from the independent public accounting firm for the Fund regarding tests performed by such firm on the valuation of all securities, as well as with respect to other risks associated with mutual funds. Reports received from service providers, legal counsel and the independent public
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
10
SAI dated May 1, 2014
accounting firm assist the Board in performing its oversight function. The Portfolio has the same risk oversight approach as the Fund and the Trust.
The Trusts Declaration of Trust does not set forth any specific qualifications to serve as a Trustee. The Charter of the Governance Committee also does not set forth any specific qualifications, but does set forth certain factors that the Committee may take into account in considering noninterested Trustee candidates. In general, no one factor is decisive in the selection of an individual to join the Board. Among the factors the Board considers when concluding that an individual should serve on the Board are the following: (i) knowledge in matters relating to the mutual fund industry; (ii) experience as a director or senior officer of public companies; (iii) educational background; (iv) reputation for high ethical standards and professional integrity; (v) specific financial, technical or other expertise, and the extent to which such expertise would complement the Board members existing mix of skills, core competencies and qualifications; (vi) perceived ability to contribute to the ongoing functions of the Board, including the ability and commitment to attend meetings regularly and work collaboratively with other members of the Board; (vii) the ability to qualify as a noninterested Trustee for purposes of the 1940 Act and any other actual or potential conflicts of interest involving the individual and the Fund; and (viii) such other factors as the Board determines to be relevant in light of the existing composition of the Board.
Among the attributes or skills common to all Board members are their ability to review critically, evaluate, question and discuss information provided to them, to interact effectively with the other members of the Board, management, sub-advisers, other service providers, counsel and independent registered public accounting firms, and to exercise effective and independent business judgment in the performance of their duties as members of the Board. Each Board members ability to perform his or her duties effectively has been attained through the Board members business, consulting, public service and/or academic positions and through experience from service as a member of the Boards of the Eaton Vance family of funds (Eaton Vance Fund Boards) (and/or in other capacities, including for any predecessor funds), public companies, or non-profit entities or other organizations as set forth below. Each Board members ability to perform his or her duties effectively also has been enhanced by his or her educational background, professional training, and/or other life experiences.
In respect of each current member of the Board, the individuals substantial professional accomplishments and experience, including in fields related to the operations of registered investment companies, were a significant factor in the determination that the individual should serve as a member of the Board. The following is a summary of each Board members particular professional experience and additional considerations that contributed to the Boards conclusion that he or she should serve as a member of the Board:
Scott E. Eston.
Mr. Eston has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2011. He currently serves on the
board and on the
investment
committee
of
Michigan State University Foundation, and on the
investment
advisory committee of Michigan State University
. From 1997 through 2009, Mr. Eston served in several capacities at Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo and Co. (GMO), including as Chairman of the Executive Committee and Chief Operating and Chief Financial Officer, and also as the President and Principal Executive officer of GMO Trust, an affiliated open-end registered investment company. From 1978 through 1997, Mr. Eston was employed at Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P. (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) (since 1987 as a Partner).
Thomas E. Faust Jr.
Mr. Faust has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2007. He is currently Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of EVC, Director and President of EV, Chief Executive Officer and President of Eaton Vance and BMR, and Director of EVD. Mr. Faust has served as a Director of Hexavest Inc. since 2012. Mr. Faust previously served as an equity analyst, portfolio manager, Director of Equity Research and Management and Chief Investment Officer of Eaton Vance (1985-2007). He holds B.S. degrees in Mechanical Engineering and Economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and an MBA from Harvard Business School. Mr. Faust has been a Chartered Financial Analyst since 1988.
Allen R. Freedman. Mr. Freedman has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2007 and is the Chairperson of the Governance Committee. Mr. Freedman also serves as a Director of Stonemor Partners L.P. where he also serves as the Chair of the Audit Committee and a member of the Trust and Compliance Committee. Mr. Freedman was previously a Director of Assurant, Inc. from 1979-2011, a Director of Systems & Computer Technology Corp. from 1983-2004 and Chairman from 2002-2004, a Director of Loring Ward International from 2005-2007 and Chairman and a Director of Indus International, Inc. from 2005-2007. Mr. Freedman was formerly the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Fortis, Inc. (predecessor to Assurant, Inc.), a specialty insurance company from which he retired in 2000. Mr. Freedman also served as a Director of the Fortis Mutual Funds and First Fortis Life Insurance Company. Mr. Freedman is a founding director of the Association of Audit Committee Members, Inc.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
11
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Valerie A. Mosley. Ms. Mosley has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since January 1, 2014. She currently owns and manages a consulting and investment firm, Valmo Ventures. From 1992 through 2012, Ms. Mosley served in several capacities at Wellington Management Company, LLP, an investment management firm, including as a Partner, Senior Vice President, Portfolio Manager and Investment Strategist. Ms. Mosley also served as Chief Investment Officer at PG Corbin Asset Management from 1990-1992 and worked in institutional corporate bond sales at Kidder Peabody from 1986-1990. Ms. Mosley is a Director of Dynex Capital, Inc., a mortgage REIT, and also serves as a trustee or board member of several major non-profit organizations and endowments, including Wheelock Colleges endowment, Mass Ventures, a quasi-public early-stage investment corporation active in Massachusetts, and the Federal Reserve Bank of Bostons Advisory Board for Diversity.
William H. Park. Mr. Park has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2003 and is the Chairperson of the Audit Committee. Mr. Park was formerly the Chief Financial Officer of Aveon Group, L.P. from 2010-2011. Mr. Park also served as Vice Chairman of Commercial Industrial Finance Corp. from 2006-2010, as President and Chief Executive Officer of Prizm Capital Management, LLC from 2002-2005, as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of United Asset Management Corporation from 1982-2001 and as Senior Manager of Price Waterhouse (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) from 1972-1981.
Ronald A. Pearlman. Mr. Pearlman has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2003 and is the Chairperson of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee. He is a Professor of Law at Georgetown University Law Center. Previously, Mr. Pearlman was Deputy Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy) and Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy), U.S. Department of the Treasury from 1983-1985 and served as Chief of Staff, Joint Committee on Taxation, U.S. Congress from 1988-1990. Mr. Pearlman was engaged in the private practice of law from 1969-2000, with the exception of the periods of government service. He represented large domestic and multinational businesses in connection with the tax aspects of complex transactions and high net worth individuals in connection with tax and business planning.
Helen Frame Peters.
Ms. Peters has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2008
and is a Co-Chairperson of the Portfolio Management Committee. Ms. Peters
is currently a Professor of Finance at Carroll School of Management, Boston College and was formerly Dean of Carroll School of Management from 2000-2002. Ms. Peters was previously a Director of BJs Wholesale Club, Inc. from 2004-2011. In addition, Ms. Peters was the Chief Investment Officer, Fixed Income at Scudder Kemper Investments from 1998-1999 and Chief Investment Officer, Equity and Fixed Income at Colonial Management Associates from 1991-1998. Ms. Peters also served as a Trustee of SPDR Index Shares Funds and SPDR Series Trust from 2000-2009 and as a Director of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston from 2007-2009.
Harriett Tee Taggart.
Ms. Taggart has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2011
and is a Co-Chairperson of the Portfolio Management Committee. Ms. Taggart
currently manages a professional practice, Taggart Associates. Since 2007, Ms. Taggart has been a Director of Albemarle Corporation, a specialty chemical company where she serves as a member of the Audit Committee and member of the Nomination and Governance Committee. Since 2009 she has served as a Director of the Hanover Insurance Group, Inc. where she also serves as member of the Audit Committee. Ms. Taggart is also a trustee or member of several major non-profit boards, advisory committees and endowment investment companies. From 1983 through 2006, Ms. Taggart served in several capacities at Wellington Management Company, LLP, an investment management firm, including as a Partner, Senior Vice President and chemical industry sector portfolio manager. Ms. Taggart also served as a Director of the Lubrizol Corporation, a specialty chemicals manufacturer from 2007-2011.
Ralph F. Verni. Mr. Verni has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2005 and is the Independent Chairperson of the Board and the Chairperson of the Contract Review Committee. Mr. Verni was formerly the Chief Investment Officer (from 1982-1992), Chief Financial Officer (from 1988-1990) and Director (from 1982-1992) of New England Life. Mr. Verni was also the Chairperson of the New England Mutual Funds from 1982-1992; President and Chief Executive Officer of State Street Management & Research from 1992-2000; Chairperson of the State Street Research Mutual Funds from 1992-2000; Director of W.P. Carey, LLC from 1998-2004; and Director of First Pioneer Farm Credit Corp. from 2002-2006. Mr. Verni has been a Chartered Financial Analyst since 1977.
The Board of the Trust and the Portfolio have several standing Committees, including the Governance Committee, the Audit Committee, the Portfolio Management Committee, the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee and the Contract Review Committee. Each of the Committees are comprised of only noninterested Trustees.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
12
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Messrs. Freedman (Chair), Eston,
Park, Pearlman and Verni, and Mmes.
Mosley,
Peters
and Taggart are members of the Governance Committee. The purpose of the Governance Committee is to consider, evaluate and make recommendations to the Board with respect to the structure, membership and operation of the Board and the Committees thereof, including the nomination and selection of noninterested Trustees and a Chairperson of the Board and the compensation of such persons. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Governance Committee convened
eight
times.
The Governance Committee will, when a vacancy exists or is anticipated, consider any nominee for noninterested Trustee recommended by a shareholder if such recommendation is submitted in writing to the Governance Committee, contains sufficient background information concerning the candidate, including evidence the candidate is willing to serve as a noninterested Trustee if selected for the position, and is received in a sufficiently timely manner.
Messrs. Park (Chair), Eston, Pearlman and Verni, and Ms. Peters are members of the Audit Committee. The Board has designated Mr. Park, a noninterested Trustee, as audit committee financial expert. The Audit Committees purposes are to (i) oversee the
Fund's
and
the Portfolio's
accounting and financial reporting processes, its internal control over financial reporting, and, as appropriate, the internal control over financial reporting of certain service providers; (ii) oversee or, as appropriate, assist Board oversight of the quality and integrity of the
Fund's
and
the Portfolio's
financial statements and the independent audit thereof; (iii) oversee, or, as appropriate, assist Board oversight of, the
Fund's
and
the Portfolio's
compliance with legal and regulatory requirements that relate to the
Fund's
and
the Portfolio's
accounting and financial reporting, internal control over financial reporting and independent audits; (iv) approve prior to appointment the engagement and, when appropriate, replacement of the independent registered public accounting firm, and, if applicable, nominate the independent registered public accounting firm to be proposed for shareholder ratification in any proxy statement of the Fund; (v) evaluate the qualifications, independence and performance of the independent registered public accounting firm and the audit partner in charge of leading the audit; and (vi) prepare, as necessary, audit committee reports consistent with the requirements of applicable SEC and stock exchange rules for inclusion in the proxy statement of the Fund. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Audit Committee convened
eighteen
times.
Messrs. Verni (Chair),
Eston
, Freedman and Park, and Mmes.
Mosley,
Peters
and Taggart are
members of the Contract Review Committee. The purposes of the Contract Review Committee are to consider, evaluate and make recommendations to the Board concerning the following matters: (i) contractual arrangements with each service provider to the Fund and
the
Portfolio, including advisory, sub-advisory, transfer agency, custodial and fund accounting, distribution services and administrative services; (ii) any and all other matters in which any service provider (including Eaton Vance or any affiliated entity thereof) has an actual or potential conflict of interest with the interests of the Fund,
the
Portfolio or investors therein; and (iii) any other matter appropriate for review by the noninterested Trustees, unless the matter is within the responsibilities of the other Committees of the Board. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Contract Review Committee convened
seven
times.
Mmes. Peters and Taggart
(Co-Chairs) and Mosley and Mr. Freedman
are
members of the Portfolio Management Committee. The purposes of the Portfolio Management Committee are to: (i) assist the Board in its oversight of the portfolio management process employed by the Fund and the Portfolio and
its
investment adviser and sub-adviser(s), if applicable, relative to the Funds and
the Portfolio's
stated objective(s), strategies and restrictions; (ii) assist the Board in its oversight of the trading policies and procedures and risk management techniques applicable to the Fund and the Portfolio; and (iii) assist the Board in its monitoring of the performance results of all funds and portfolios, giving special attention to the performance of certain funds and portfolios that it or the Board identifies from time to time. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Portfolio Management Committee convened
six
times.
Messrs. Pearlman (Chair
), Eston
and
Park
are
members of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee. The purposes of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee are to: (i) assist the Board in its oversight role with respect to compliance issues and certain other regulatory matters affecting the Fund and the Portfolio; (ii) serve as a liaison between the Board and the Funds and
the Portfolio's
CCO; and (iii) serve as a qualified legal compliance committee within the rules promulgated by the SEC. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee convened
ten
times.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
13
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Share Ownership.
The following table shows the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by each Trustee in the Fund and in
the
Eaton Vance
family of
funds overseen by the Trustee as of December 31,
2013
. Interests in the Portfolio cannot be purchased by a Trustee.
Name of Trustee |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity
|
Interested Trustee |
|
|
Thomas E. Faust Jr. |
None |
over $100,000 |
Noninterested Trustees |
|
|
Scott E. Eston |
None |
over $100,000 * |
Allen R. Freedman |
None |
over $100,000 |
|
None |
None |
William H. Park |
None |
over $100,000 |
Ronald A. Pearlman |
None |
over $100,000 |
Name of Trustee |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity
|
Helen Frame Peters |
None |
over $100,000 |
Harriett Tee Taggart |
None |
over $100,000 |
Ralph F. Verni |
over $100,000 * |
over $100,000 |
* Includes shares which may be deemed to be beneficially owned through the Trustee Deferred Compensation Plan. ** Ms. Mosley was appointed as a Trustee effective January 1, 2014. |
Other Ownership. The following table sets forth a Trustees ownership interest in an affiliated fund.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allen R. Freedman |
Allen R. & Judith B. Freedman |
Royalty Investment Fund L.P. (1) |
Limited partnership interests |
Approximately $520,353 (2) |
3.7% (2), (3) |
(1)
Royalty Investment Fund L.P. (RIF)s general partner is a controlled affiliate of Marshall & Ilsley Corporation (M&I Corporation). On July 5, 2011, M&I Corporation was acquired by Bank of Montreal, the ultimate parent company of
BMO GAM (Asia),
the investment sub-adviser to
Eaton Vance Greater China Growth Fund and to
each of Asian Small Companies Portfolio
and Greater India Portfolio
(
in which
Eaton Vance Asian Small Companies Fund
and Eaton Vance Greater India Fund, respectively, invests substantially all of its assets
).
RIF invests its assets in Royalty Opportunities S.àr.l., a fund managed by Orbimed Advisors, LLC, the investment adviser to Worldwide Health Sciences Portfolio.
(2)
Information is provided based on valuations as of December 31,
2013
. Mr. Freedman has made a capital commitment to purchase limited partnership interests in RIF in an amount equal to $1,000,000 (the Commitment). Mr. Freedman is required to pay the Commitment in such amounts and in such manner as is generally provided for all limited partners under the terms of the RIF limited partnership agreement.
(3)
Percentage provided with respect to RIF. Mr. Freedmans indirect beneficial ownership in Royal Opportunities S.àr.l represented less than 1% of said funds total assets as of December 31,
2013
.
As of December 31,
2013
, no noninterested Trustee or any of their immediate family members owned beneficially or of record any class of securities of EVC, EVD or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
14
SAI dated May 1, 2014
During the calendar years ended December 31,
2012
and December 31,
2013
, no noninterested Trustee (or their immediate family members) had:
(1)
Any direct or indirect interest in Eaton Vance, EVC, EVD or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD;
(2)
Any direct or indirect material interest in any transaction or series of similar transactions with (i) the Trust or any Fund; (ii) another fund managed by EVC, distributed by EVD or a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; (iii) EVC or EVD; (iv) a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; or (v) an officer of any of the above; or
(3)
Any direct or indirect relationship with (i) the Trust or any Fund; (ii) another fund managed by EVC, distributed by EVD or a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; (iii) EVC or EVD; (iv) a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; or (v) an officer of any of the above.
During the calendar years ended December 31,
2012
and December 31,
2013
, no officer of EVC, EVD or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD served on the Board of Directors of a company where a noninterested Trustee of the Trust or the Portfolio or any of their immediate family members served as an officer.
Noninterested Trustees may elect to defer receipt of all or a percentage of their annual fees in accordance with the terms of a Trustees Deferred Compensation Plan (the Deferred Compensation Plan). Under the Deferred Compensation Plan, an eligible Board member may elect to have his or her deferred fees invested in the shares of one or more funds in the Eaton Vance family of funds, and the amount paid to the Board members under the Deferred Compensation Plan will be determined based upon the performance of such investments. Deferral of Board members fees in accordance with the Deferred Compensation Plan will have a negligible effect on the assets, liabilities, and net income of a participating fund or portfolio, and do not require that a participating Board member be retained. There is no retirement plan for Board members.
The fees and expenses of the Trustees of the Trust and the Portfolio are paid by the Fund (and other series of the Trust) and the Portfolio, respectively. (A Board member who is a member of the Eaton Vance organization receives no compensation from the Trust and the Portfolio.) During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Trustees of the Trust and the Portfolio earned the following compensation in their capacities as Board members from the Trust and the Portfolio. For the year ended December 31,
2013
, the Board members earned the following compensation in their capacities as members of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards
(1)
:
Source of Compensation |
Scott E.
|
Allen R.
|
Valerie A.
|
William H.
|
Ronald A.
|
Helen Frame
|
Harriett Tee
|
Ralph F.
|
Trust (2) |
$ 4,537 |
$ 4,350 |
$ 4,071 |
$ 4,410 |
$ 4,410 |
$ 4,071 |
$ 4,444 |
$ 6,106 |
Portfolio |
1,408 (3) |
1,362 |
1,293 |
1,401 |
1,401 |
1,293 |
1,385 |
1,940 (4) |
Trust and Fund Complex (1) |
$ 245,000 (5) |
$ 255,000 |
$ 240,000 |
$ 260,000 |
$ 260,000 |
$ 240,000 |
$ 240,000 |
$ 360,000 (6) |
(1)
As of May 1, 2014, the Eaton Vance fund complex consists of 182 registered investment companies or series thereof. Ms. Mosley was appointed as a Trustee effective January 1, 2014, and thus the compensation figures listed for the Trust, Portfolio and the Trust and Fund Complex are estimated based on amounts she would have received if she had been a Trustee for the 2013 calendar year and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013. Benjamin C. Esty resigned as a Trustee effective December 31, 2013. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, Mr. Esty received Trustees fees of $4,410 from the Trust and $1,401 from the Portfolio. For the calendar year ended December 31, 2013, he received $260,000 from the Trust and Fund Complex. Lynn A. Stout resigned as a Trustee effective March 31, 2014. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, Ms. Stout received Trustee fees of $4,130 from the Trust and $1,332 from the Portfolio, which included $252 of deferred compensation. For the calendar year ended December 31, 2013, she received $245,000 from the Trust and Fund Complex, which included $45,000 of deferred compensation.
(2)
The Trust consisted of 15 Funds as of December 31,
2013
.
(3)
Includes $
1,408
of deferred compensation.
(4)
Includes $
958
of deferred compensation.
(5)
Includes $ 236,017 of deferred compensation.
(6)
Includes $ 171,250 of deferred compensation.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
15
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Fund Organization. The Fund is a series of the Trust, which was organized under Massachusetts law on March 27, 1989 and is operated as an open-end management investment company. The Trust may issue an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest (no par value per share) in one or more series (such as the Fund). The Trustees of the Trust have divided the shares of the Fund into multiple classes. Each class represents an interest in the Fund, but is subject to different expenses, rights and privileges. The Trustees have the authority under the Declaration of Trust to create additional classes of shares with differing rights and privileges. When issued and outstanding, shares are fully paid and nonassessable by the Trust. Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each full share held. Fractional shares may be voted proportionately. Shares of the Fund will be voted together except that only shareholders of a particular class may vote on matters affecting only that class. Shares have no preemptive or conversion rights and are freely transferable. In the event of the liquidation of the Fund, shareholders of each class are entitled to share pro rata in the net assets attributable to that class available for distribution to shareholders.
As permitted by Massachusetts law, there will normally be no meetings of shareholders for the purpose of electing Trustees unless and until such time as less than
two-thirds
of the Trustees of the Trust holding office have been elected by shareholders. In such an event the Trustees then in office will call a shareholders meeting for the election of Trustees. Except for the foregoing circumstances and unless removed by action of the shareholders in accordance with the Trusts By-laws, the Trustees shall continue to hold office and may appoint successor Trustees. The Trusts By-laws provide that
any Trustee may be removed with or without cause, by (i) the affirmative vote of holders of two-thirds of the shares or, (ii) the affirmative vote of, or written instrument, signed by at least two-thirds of the remaining Trustees, provided however, that the removal of any noninterested Trustee shall additionally require the affirmative vote of, or a written instrument executed by, at least two-thirds of the remaining noninterested Trustees.
No person shall serve as a Trustee if shareholders holding two-thirds of the outstanding shares have removed him or her from that office either by a written declaration filed with the Trusts custodian or by votes cast at a meeting called for that purpose. The By-laws further provide that under certain circumstances the shareholders may call a meeting to remove a Trustee and that the Trust is required to provide assistance in communication with shareholders about such a meeting.
The Trusts Declaration of Trust may be amended by the Trustees when authorized by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust, the financial interests of which are affected by the amendment. The Trustees may also amend the Declaration of Trust without the vote or consent of shareholders to change the name of the Trust or any series or to make such other changes (such as reclassifying series or classes of shares or restructuring the Trust) as do not have a materially adverse effect on the financial interests of shareholders or if they deem it necessary to conform it to applicable federal or state laws or regulations. The Trusts By-laws provide that the Trust will indemnify its Trustees and officers against liabilities and expenses incurred in connection with any litigation or proceeding in which they may be involved because of their offices with the Trust. However, no indemnification will be provided to any Trustee or officer for any liability to the Trust or shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.
The Trust or any series or class thereof may be terminated by: (1) the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than two-thirds of the shares outstanding and entitled to vote at any meeting of shareholders of the Trust or the appropriate series or class thereof, or by an instrument or instruments in writing without a meeting, consented to by the holders of two-thirds of the shares of the Trust or a series or class thereof, provided, however, that, if such termination is recommended by the Trustees, the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust or a series or class thereof entitled to vote thereon shall be sufficient authorization; or (2) by the approval of a majority of the Trustees then in office, to be followed by a written notice to shareholders.
Under Massachusetts law, if certain conditions prevail, shareholders of a Massachusetts business trust (such as the Trust) could be deemed to have personal liability for the obligations of the Trust. Numerous investment companies registered under the 1940 Act have been formed as Massachusetts business trusts, and management is not aware of an instance where such liability has been imposed. The Trusts Declaration of Trust contains an express disclaimer of liability on the part of Fund shareholders and the Trusts By-laws provide that the Trust shall assume the defense on behalf of any Fund shareholders. The Declaration of Trust also contains provisions limiting the liability of a series or class to that series or class. Moreover, the Trusts By-laws also provide for indemnification out of Fund property of any shareholder held personally liable solely by reason of being or having been a shareholder for all loss or expense arising from such liability. The assets of the Fund are readily marketable and will ordinarily substantially exceed its liabilities. In light of the nature of the Funds business and the nature of its assets, management believes that the possibility of the Funds liability exceeding its assets, and therefore the shareholders risk of personal liability, is remote.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
16
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Portfolio Organization. The Portfolio was organized as a business trust under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts on December 14, 2009 and intends to be treated as a partnership for federal tax purposes. Prior to that date, the Portfolio was organized as a New York trust on January 18, 1994. In accordance with the Declaration of Trust of the Portfolio, there will normally be no meetings of the investors for the purpose of electing Trustees unless and until such time as less than a majority of the Trustees of the Portfolio holding office have been elected by investors. In such an event the Trustees of the Portfolio then in office will call an investors meeting for the election of Trustees. Except for the foregoing circumstances and unless removed by action of the investors in accordance with the Portfolios Declaration of Trust, the Trustees shall continue to hold office and may appoint successor Trustees.
The Declaration of Trust of the Portfolio provides that
any
Trustee
may be removed, with or without cause, by (i) the affirmative vote of
investors holding two-thirds of the outstanding interests
or, (ii) the affirmative vote of, or a written instrument executed by, at least two-thirds of the remaining Trustees, provided however,
that
the removal of any noninterested Trustee shall additionally require the affirmative vote of, or
a written
instrument executed by, at least two-thirds of the remaining noninterested Trustees
. The Portfolios By-laws provide that the Portfolio will indemnify its Trustees and officers against liabilities and expenses incurred in connection with any litigation or proceeding in which they may be involved because of their offices with the Portfolio. However, no indemnification will be provided to any Trustee or officer for any liability to the Portfolio or interestholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.
Under Massachusetts law, if certain conditions prevail, shareholders of a Massachusetts business trust (such as the Portfolio) could be deemed to have personal liability for the obligations of the Portfolio. Numerous investment companies registered under the 1940 Act have been formed as Massachusetts business trusts, and management is not aware of an instance where such liability has been imposed. The Portfolios Declaration of Trust contains an express disclaimer of liability on the part of Portfolio interestholders and the By-laws provide that the Portfolio shall assume the defense on behalf of any Portfolio interestholders. Moreover, the By-laws also provide for indemnification out of Portfolio property of any interestholder held personally liable solely by reason of being or having been an interestholder for all loss or expense arising from such liability. The assets of the Portfolio are readily marketable and will ordinarily substantially exceed its liabilities. In light of the nature of the Portfolios business and the nature of its assets, management believes that the possibility of the Portfolios liability exceeding its assets, and therefore the interestholders risk of personal liability, is remote.
The Fund may be required to vote on matters pertaining to the Portfolio. When required by law to do so, the Fund will hold a meeting of Fund shareholders and will vote its interest in the Portfolio for or against such matters proportionately to the instructions to vote for or against such matters received from Fund shareholders. The Fund shall vote shares for which it receives no voting instructions in the same proportion as the shares for which it receives voting instructions. Other investors in the Portfolio may alone or collectively acquire sufficient voting interests in the Portfolio to control matters relating to the operation of the Portfolio, which may require the Fund to withdraw its investment in the Portfolio or take other appropriate action. Any such withdrawal could result in a distribution in kind of portfolio securities (as opposed to a cash distribution from the Portfolio). If securities are distributed, the Fund could incur brokerage, tax or other charges in converting the securities to cash. In addition, the distribution in kind may result in a less diversified portfolio of investments or adversely affect the liquidity of the Fund. Notwithstanding the above, there are other means for meeting shareholder redemption requests, such as borrowing.
Proxy Voting Policy.
The Board adopted a proxy voting policy and procedures (the Fund Policy), pursuant to which the Board has delegated proxy voting responsibility to the investment sub-adviser and adopted the proxy voting policies and procedures of the investment sub-adviser (the Adviser Policies). An independent proxy voting service has been retained to assist in the voting of Fund proxies through the provision of vote analysis, implementation and recordkeeping and disclosure services. The members of the Board will review the Funds and Portfolios proxy voting records from time to time and will annually consider approving the Adviser Policies for the upcoming year. For a copy of the Fund Policy and
Adviser Policies, see Appendix F and Appendix G, respectively. Pursuant to certain provisions of the 1940 Act and certain exemptive orders relating to funds investing in other funds, a Fund or Portfolio may be required or may elect to vote its interest in another fund in the same proportion as the holders of all other shares of that fund. Information on how the Fund and Portfolio voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 is available (1) without charge, upon request, by calling 1-800-262-1122, and (2) on the SECs website at http://www.sec.gov.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
17
SAI dated May 1, 2014
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES
Investment Advisory Services.
The investment adviser and sub-adviser manage the investments and affairs of the Portfolio and provide related office facilities and personnel subject to the supervision of the Portfolios Board of Trustees. The investment
sub-adviser furnishes investment research, advice and supervision, furnishes an investment program and determines what securities will be purchased, held or sold by the Portfolio and what portion, if any, of the Portfolios assets will be held uninvested. The Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement require the investment adviser or sub-adviser, as the case may be, to pay the salaries and fees of all officers and Trustees who are members of the investment adviser's or sub-adviser's organization and all personnel of the investment adviser or sub-adviser performing services relating to research and investment activities.
For a description of the compensation that the Portfolio pays the investment adviser under its investment advisory agreement, see the Prospectus. The following table sets forth the net assets of the Portfolio and the advisory fees for the three fiscal years ended December 31,
2013
.
|
Advisory Fee for Fiscal Years Ended |
||
Net Assets at 12/31/13 |
12/31/13 |
12/31/12 |
12/31/11 |
231,168,501 |
$3,082,670 |
$4,128,175 |
$5,709,415 |
The Investment Advisory Agreement and Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement with the investment adviser or sub-adviser continues in effect from year to year so long as such continuance is approved at least annually (i) by the vote of a majority of the noninterested Trustees of the Portfolio cast in person at a meeting specifically called for the purpose of voting on such approval and (ii) by the Board of Trustees of the Portfolio or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Portfolio. Each Agreement may be terminated at any time without penalty on sixty (60) days written notice by the Board of either party, or by vote of the majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Portfolio, and each Agreement will terminate automatically in the event of its assignment. Each Agreement provides that the investment adviser or sub-adviser may render services to others. Each Agreement also provides that the investment adviser or sub-adviser shall not be liable for any loss incurred in connection with the performance of its duties, or action taken or omitted under the Agreement, in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its obligations and duties thereunder, or for any losses sustained in the acquisition, holding or disposition of any security or other investment.
While the Portfolio is a Massachusetts business trust, the investment sub-adviser, together with certain officers of the Portfolio, are not residents of the United States, and substantially all of their respective assets may be located outside of the United States. It may be difficult for investors to effect service of process within the United States upon the individuals identified above, or to realize judgments of courts of the United States predicated upon civil liabilities of the investment adviser and such individuals under the federal securities laws of the United States. The Portfolio has been advised that there is substantial doubt as to the enforceability in the countries in which the investment sub-adviser and such individuals reside of such civil remedies and criminal penalties as are afforded by the federal securities laws of the United States.
Information About BMR and Eaton Vance.
BMR and Eaton Vance are business trusts organized under the laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts. EV serves as trustee of BMR and Eaton Vance. EV and Eaton Vance are wholly-owned subsidiaries of EVC, a Maryland corporation and publicly-held holding company. BMR is an indirect subsidiary of EVC. EVC through its subsidiaries and affiliates engages primarily in investment management, administration and marketing activities. The Directors of EVC are Thomas E. Faust Jr., Ann E. Berman, Leo I. Higdon, Jr., Dorothy E. Puhy
, Winthrop H. Smith, Jr. and Richard A. Spillane, Jr. All shares of the outstanding Voting Common Stock of EVC are deposited in a Voting Trust, the Voting Trustees of which are Mr. Faust, Jeffrey P. Beale, Daniel C. Cataldo, Cynthia J. Clemson
, James H. Evans
, Maureen A. Gemma, Laurie G. Hylton, Brian D. Langstraat, Michael R. Mach, Frederick S. Marius, David C. McCabe, Thomas M. Metzold, Scott H. Page,
Charles B. Reed
, Walter A. Row, III,
Craig P. Russ
, David M. Stein, Payson F. Swaffield, Michael W. Weilheimer
, Kelly Williams
and Matthew J. Witkos (all of whom are officers of Eaton Vance or its affiliates). The Voting Trustees have unrestricted voting rights for the election of Directors of EVC. All of the outstanding voting trust receipts issued under said Voting Trust are owned by certain of the officers of BMR and Eaton Vance who may also be officers, or officers and Directors of EVC and EV. As indicated under Management and Organization, all of the officers of the Trust (as well as Mr. Faust who is also a Trustee) hold positions in the Eaton Vance organization.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
18
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Code of Ethics.
The investment adviser, sub-adviser, principal underwriter, and the Fund and Portfolio have adopted Codes of Ethics governing personal securities transactions. Under the Codes, employees of the investment adviser
, the
sub-adviser and the principal underwriter may purchase and sell securities (including securities held or eligible for purchase by the Fund or Portfolio) subject to the provisions of the Codes and certain employees are also subject to pre-clearance, reporting requirements and other procedures.
Information About
BMO GAM (Asia).
BMO GAM (Asia), (formerly known as Lloyd George Management (Hong Kong) Ltd.),
is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Bank of Montreal. Bank of Montreal, a publicly-traded Canadian banking institution, is a highly-diversified financial services organization involved in personal and commercial banking, capital markets and private client servicing.
BMO GAM (Asia) and its affiliates in relation to the
Lloyd
George Management business, (together LGM) act as investment adviser to various individual and institutional clients and currently manage approximately $2.8 billion in assets. LGMs
only business is portfolio management
.
Portfolio Managers. The portfolio manager of the Portfolio is listed below. The portfolio manager manages other investment companies and/or investment accounts in addition to the Portfolio. The following table shows, as of the Portfolios most recent fiscal year end, the number of accounts the portfolio manager managed in each of the listed categories and the total assets (in millions of dollars) in the accounts managed within each category. The table also shows the number of accounts with respect to which the advisory fee is based on the performance of the account, if any, and the total assets (in millions of dollars) in those accounts.
|
Number of
|
Total Assets of
|
Number of Accounts
|
Total Assets of Accounts
|
Christopher Darling |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
2 |
$ 285.8 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
5 |
$ 84.3 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Accounts |
1 |
$ 24.5 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Mr. Darling did not beneficially own any shares
in
the Fund or in the Eaton Vance family of funds as of the Funds most recent fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
. Interests in the Portfolio cannot be purchased by a portfolio manager.
It is possible that conflicts of interest may arise in connection with the portfolio managers management of the Portfolios investments on the one hand and the investments of other accounts for which the portfolio manager is responsible on the other. For example, the portfolio manager may have conflicts of interest in allocating management time, resources and investment opportunities among the Portfolio and other accounts he advises. In addition due to differences in the investment strategies or restrictions between the Portfolio and the other accounts, the portfolio manager may take action with respect to another account that differs from the action taken with respect to the Portfolio. In some cases, another account managed by the portfolio manager may compensate the investment adviser based on the performance of the securities held by that account. The existence of such a performance based fee may create additional conflicts of interest for the portfolio manager in the allocation of management time, resources and investment opportunities. Whenever conflicts of interest arise, the portfolio manager will endeavor to exercise his discretion in a manner that he believes is equitable to all interested persons. The investment adviser and sub-adviser have adopted several policies and procedures designed to address these potential conflicts including a code of ethics and policies that govern the investment advisers and sub-advisers trading practices, including among other things the aggregation and allocation of trades among clients, brokerage allocations, cross trades and best execution.
Compensation Structure for
LGM
.
Compensation of
LGMs
portfolio managers and other investment professionals has
three
primary components: (1) a base salary
,
(2) an annual cash bonus
, and (3) participation in LGMs Mid-Term Incentive Plan (MTIP). The MTIP is a 3-year plan with annual allocations that vest after three years. Annual allocations are based on three key metrics: investment performance, net cash flow/assets under management and net income. LGMs
investment professionals also receive certain retirement, insurance and other benefits that are broadly available to all the
sub-
advisers employees. Compensation of
LGMs
investment professionals is reviewed primarily on an annual basis. Cash bonuses and adjustments in base salary are typically paid or put into effect at or shortly after December 31
st
of each year.
Method to Determine Compensation.
LGMs
compensates its portfolio managers based primarily on
their portfolio responsibilities and the relative performance of funds and accounts managed. Each portfolio manager is evaluated based on the composite performance of funds and accounts in each product for which the individual serves as a portfolio manager
and for their contribution to the team and other strategies.
Fund performance is evaluated primarily versus peer groups of funds as
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
19
SAI dated May 1, 2014
determined by Lipper Inc. and/or Morningstar, Inc. In evaluating the performance of a fund and its manager,
primary
emphasis is normally placed on one-, three- and five-year performance.
Funds and accounts that have performance-based advisory fees are not accorded disproportionate weightings in measuring aggregate portfolio manager performance.
LGM
seeks to compensate portfolio managers commensurate with their responsibilities and performance, and competitive with other firms within the investment management industry. Salaries and bonuses are also influenced by the operating performance of
LGM
. The overall annual cash bonus pool is based on a substantially fixed percentage of pre-bonus operating income. While the salaries of
LGMs
portfolio managers are comparatively fixed, cash bonuses may fluctuate significantly from year to year, based on changes in
performance
of the investment professional
and other factors
, including the profitability of LGM
as
a unit of Bank of Montreal
.
Analysts are broadly remunerated on the basis of the success of their stock recommendations, the rigor of their search for new ideas, and the effectiveness of communication of views to the portfolio managers.
Commodity Futures Trading Commission Registration.
Effective December 31, 2012, the CFTC adopted certain regulatory changes that subject registered investment companies and advisers to regulation by the CFTC if a fund invests more than a prescribed level of its assets in certain CFTC-regulated instruments (including futures, certain options and swaps agreements) or markets itself as providing investment exposure to such instruments. The Fund has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term commodity pool operator under the Commodity Exchange Act
. Accordingly neither the Fund nor the investment adviser or sub-adviser with respect to the operation of the Fund
is
subject to CFTC regulation. Because of
their
management of other strategies,
Eaton Vance and
BMR
are
registered with the CFTC as
commodity pool
operators
. Eaton Vance
and BMR are
also registered as
commodity trading
advisors.
The CFTC has neither reviewed nor approved the Funds investment strategies or this
SAI
.
Administrative Services. As indicated in the Prospectus, Eaton Vance serves as administrator of the Fund, and in return, the Fund is authorized to pay Eaton Vance an annual fee of 0.15% of its average daily net assets for providing administrative services to the Fund. Under the Agreement, Eaton Vance has been engaged to administer the Funds affairs, subject to the supervision of the Board, and shall furnish office space and all necessary office facilities, equipment and personnel for administering the affairs of the Fund.
Prior to April 28, 2011, under Eaton Vances management contract with the Fund and its administration agreement with the Portfolio, Eaton Vance received a monthly management fee from the Fund and a monthly administration fee from the Portfolio. The fee was computed by applying the annual asset rate applicable to that portion of the average daily net assets of the Fund or Portfolio throughout the month in each category as indicated below:
As of December 31,
2013
, the Fund and Portfolio had net assets of $
229,201,005
and $
231,168,501
, respectively. For the period from January 1, 2011 through April 27, 2011,
Eaton Vance earned management fees from the Fund of $575,090
, and administration fees from the Portfolio of $567,657
.
For the fiscal
years
ended December 31,
2013 and
2012 and for the period from April 28, 2011 through December 31, 2011, Eaton Vance earned administration fees from the Fund of $
419,131, $
561,614 and $538,225, respectively.
Pursuant to the expense reimbursement currently in effect as described in the Prospectus,
BMR and
BMO GAM (Asia) were allocated $383,459, $594,862 and $305,267 of
the Funds
operating expenses
for the fiscal
years
ended December 31,
2013 and
2012 and for the period from April 28, 2011 through December 31, 2011,
respectively.
Effective March 27, 2006,
BMO GAM (Asia)
and Eaton Vance agreed to reduce the Funds total operating expenses in an amount equal to 0.05% annually
of the Funds average daily net assets.
The reduction was shared equally by
BMO GAM (Asia)
and Eaton Vance. The reduction was terminated in connection with the Funds adoption of the new administrative
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
20
SAI dated May 1, 2014
services agreement on April 28, 2011. For the period from January 1, 2011 through April 27, 2011
, BMO GAM (Asia)
and Eaton Vance were allocated a total of $115,629
of operating expenses of the Fund.
The new administrative services agreement and fee reduction agreement, the termination of the management agreement and the termination of the previous expense reduction agreement became effective upon the consummation of the change in control and ownership of Lloyd George, at which time Lloyd George ceased to be an affiliate of Eaton Vance.
Sub-Transfer Agency
Support
Services.
Eaton Vance
provides
sub-transfer
agency and related services to
Eaton Vance
mutual funds pursuant to a Sub-Transfer Agency Support Services Agreement. Under the agreement, Eaton Vance provides
: (1)
specified sub-transfer agency services
; (2)
compliance monitoring services;
and
(3)
intermediary oversight services. For the
services it provides, Eaton Vance receives an aggregate annual fee equal to the lesser of $2.5 million or the actual expenses incurred by Eaton Vance in the performance of
such services.
The Fund pays a pro rata share of such fee. For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013,
Eaton Vance
earned $32,366 from
the Fund
pursuant to the agreement
.
Expenses. The Fund and Portfolio are responsible for all expenses not expressly stated to be payable by another party (such as expenses required to be paid pursuant to an agreement with the investment adviser, the sub-adviser, the principal underwriter or the administrator). In the case of expenses incurred by the Trust, the Fund is responsible for its pro rata share of those expenses. The only expenses of the Fund allocated to a particular class are those incurred under the Distribution Plan applicable to that class (if any) and certain other class-specific expenses.
OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS
Principal Underwriter. Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. (EVD), Two International Place, Boston, MA 02110 is the principal underwriter of the Fund. The principal underwriter acts as principal in selling shares under a Distribution Agreement with the Trust. The expenses of printing copies of prospectuses used to offer shares and other selling literature and of advertising are borne by the principal underwriter. The fees and expenses of qualifying and registering and maintaining qualifications and registrations of the Fund and its shares under federal and state securities laws are borne by the Fund. The Distribution Agreement is renewable annually by the members of the Board (including a majority of the noninterested Trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Distribution Agreement or any applicable Distribution Plan), may be terminated on sixty days notice either by such Trustees or by vote of a majority of the outstanding Fund shares or on six months notice by the principal underwriter and is automatically terminated upon assignment. The principal underwriter distributes shares on a best efforts basis under which it is required to take and pay for only such shares as may be sold. EVD is a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of EVC. Mr. Faust is a Director of EVD. EVD also serves as placement agent for the Portfolio.
Custodian. State Street Bank and Trust Company (State Street), 200 Clarendon Street, Boston, MA 02116, serves as custodian to the Fund and the Portfolio. State Street has custody of all cash and securities representing the Funds interest in the Portfolio, has custody of the Portfolios assets, maintains the general ledger of the Portfolio and the Fund and computes the daily net asset value of interests in the Portfolio and the net asset value of shares of the Fund. In such capacity it attends to details in connection with the sale, exchange, substitution, transfer or other dealings with the Portfolios investments, receives and disburses all funds and performs various other ministerial duties upon receipt of proper instructions from the Trust and the Portfolio. State Street also provides services in connection with the preparation of shareholder reports and the electronic filing of such reports with the SEC. EVC and its affiliates and their officers and employees from time to time have transactions with various banks, including State Street. It is Eaton Vances opinion that the terms and conditions of such transactions were not and will not be influenced by existing or potential custodial or other relationships between the Fund or the Portfolio and such banks.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. Deloitte & Touche LLP, 200 Berkeley Street, Boston, MA 02116, is the independent registered public accounting firm of the Fund and Portfolio, providing audit and related services, assistance and consultation with respect to the preparation of filings with the SEC.
Transfer Agent. BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc., P.O. Box 9653, Providence, RI 02940-9653, serves as transfer and dividend disbursing agent for the Fund.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
21
SAI dated May 1, 2014
CALCULATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
The net asset value of the Fund is determined by State Street (as agent and custodian) by subtracting the liabilities of the Fund from the value of its total assets. The Fund is closed for business and will not issue a net asset value on the following business holidays and any other business day that the Exchange is closed: New Years Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. The Funds net asset value per share is readily accessible on the Eaton Vance website (www.eatonvance.com).
Each Portfolio investor may add to or reduce its investment in the Portfolio on each day the Exchange is open for trading (Portfolio Business Day) as of the close of regular trading on the Exchange (the Portfolio Valuation Time). The value of each investors interest in the Portfolio will be determined by multiplying the net asset value of the Portfolio by the percentage, determined on the prior Portfolio Business Day, which represented that investors share of the aggregate interests in the Portfolio on such prior day. Any additions or withdrawals for the current Portfolio Business Day will then be recorded. Each investors percentage of the aggregate interest in the Portfolio will then be recomputed as a percentage equal to a fraction (i) the numerator of which is the value of such investors investment in the Portfolio as of the Portfolio Valuation Time on the prior Portfolio Business Day plus or minus, as the case may be, the amount of any additions to or withdrawals from the investors investment in the Portfolio on the current Portfolio Business Day and (ii) the denominator of which is the aggregate net asset value of the Portfolio as of the Portfolio Valuation Time on the prior Portfolio Business Day plus or minus, as the case may be, the amount of the net additions to or withdrawals from the aggregate investment in the Portfolio on the current Portfolio Business Day by all investors in the Portfolio. The percentage so determined will then be applied to determine the value of the investors interest in the Portfolio for the current Portfolio Business Day.
The Board has approved procedures pursuant to which investments are valued for purposes of determining the Funds net asset value. Listed below is a summary of the methods generally used to value investments (some or all of which may be held by the Fund) under the procedures.
·
Equity securities (including common stock, exchange traded funds, closed end funds, preferred equity securities, exchange traded notes and other instruments that trade on recognized stock exchanges) are valued at the last sale, official close or if there are no reported sales at the mean between the bid and asked price on the primary exchange on which they are traded.
·
Most debt obligations are valued on the basis of market valuations furnished by a pricing service or at the mean of the bid and asked prices provided by recognized broker/dealers of such securities. The pricing service may use a pricing matrix to determine valuation.
·
Short-term obligations and money market securities maturing in sixty days or less typically are valued at amortized cost which approximates value.
·
Foreign securities and currencies are valued in U.S. dollars based on foreign currency exchange quotations supplied by a pricing service.
·
Senior and Junior Loans are valued on the basis of prices furnished by a pricing service. The pricing service uses transactions and market quotations from brokers in determining values.
·
Seasoned fixed-rate 30 year MBS are valued
either
by Eaton Vance using a matrix pricing system
or on the basis of prices furnished by a pricing service. These valuation methodologies take
into account bond prices, yield differentials, anticipated prepayments and interest rates
.
·
Futures contracts are valued at the settlement or closing price on the primary exchange or board of trade on which they are traded.
·
Exchange-traded options are valued at the mean of the bid and asked prices. Over-the-counter options are valued based on quotations obtained from a pricing service or from a broker (typically the counterparty to the option).
·
Non-exchange traded derivatives (including swap agreements
(other than those which have been centrally cleared),
forward contracts and equity participation notes) are generally valued on the basis of valuations provided by a pricing service or using quotes provided by a broker/dealer (typically the counterparty).
Swap agreements that have been cleared by a central counterparty (CCP) are valued at the daily settlement price provided by the CCP.
·
Precious metals are valued are valued at the New York Composite mean quotation.
·
Liabilities with a payment or maturity date of 364 days or less are stated at their principal value and longer dated liabilities generally will be carried at their fair value.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
22
SAI dated May 1, 2014
·
Valuations of foreign equity securities may be adjusted from prices in effect at the close of trading on foreign exchanges to more accurately reflect their fair value as of the close of regular trading on the Exchange. Such fair valuations may be based on information provided by a pricing service.
Investments which are unable to be valued in accordance with the foregoing methodologies are valued at fair value using methods determined in good faith by or at the direction of the members of the Board. Such methods may include consideration of relevant factors, including but not limited to (i) the type of security, the existence of any contractual restrictions on the securitys disposition, (ii) the price and extent of public trading in similar securities of the issuer or of comparable companies or entities, (iii) quotations or relevant information obtained from broker-dealers or other market participants, (iv) information obtained from the issuer, analysts, and/or the appropriate stock exchange (for exchange-traded securities), (v) an analysis of the companys or entitys financial condition, (vi) an evaluation of the forces that influence the issuer and the market(s) in which the security is purchased and sold (vii) an analysis of the terms of any transaction involving the issuer of such securities; and (viii) any other factors deemed relevant by the investment adviser. The portfolio managers of one Eaton Vance fund that invests in Senior and Junior Loans may not possess the same information about a Senior or Junior Loan as the portfolio managers of another Eaton Vance fund. As such, at times the fair value of a Loan determined by certain Eaton Vance portfolio managers may vary from the fair value of the same Loan determined by other portfolio managers.
PURCHASING AND REDEEMING SHARES
Additional Information About Purchases. Fund shares are offered for sale only in states where they are registered. Fund shares are continuously offered through financial intermediaries which have entered into agreements with the principal underwriter. Shares of the Fund are sold at the public offering price, which is the net asset value plus the initial sales charge, if any. The Fund receives the net asset value. The principal underwriter receives the sales charge, all or a portion of which may be reallowed to the financial intermediaries responsible for selling Fund shares. The sales charge table in the Prospectus is applicable to purchases of the Fund alone or in combination with purchases of certain other funds offered by the principal underwriter, made at a single time by (i) an individual, or an individual, his or her spouse and their children under the age of twenty-one, purchasing shares for his or their own account, and (ii) a trustee or other fiduciary purchasing shares for a single trust estate or a single fiduciary account. The table is also presently applicable to (1) purchases of Class A shares pursuant to a written Statement of Intention; or (2) purchases of Class A shares pursuant to the Right of Accumulation and declared as such at the time of purchase. See Sales Charges.
In connection with
employer sponsored retirement
plans, the Fund may accept initial investments of less than the minimum investment amount on the part of an individual participant. In the event a shareholder who is a participant of such a plan terminates participation in the plan, his or her shares will be transferred to a regular individual account. However, such account will be subject to the right of redemption by the Fund as described below.
Class I Share Purchases
.
Class I shares are available for purchase by clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class I shares through a no-load network or platform. Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and
employer sponsored
retirement plans
.
Class I shares also are offered to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates; certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance and certain Fund service providers; current and retired members of Eaton Vance Fund Boards; employees of Eaton Vance and its affiliates and such persons spouses, parents, siblings and lineal descendants and their beneficial accounts.
Suspension of Sales.
The Trust may, in its absolute discretion, suspend, discontinue or limit the offering of one or more of its classes of shares at any time. In determining whether any such action should be taken, the Trusts management intends to consider all relevant factors, including (without limitation) the size of the Fund or class, the investment climate and market conditions
and
the volume of sales and redemptions of shares
. The Class A, Class B and Class C Distribution Plans may continue in effect and payments may be made under the Plans following any such suspension, discontinuance or limitation of the offering of shares; however, there is no contractual obligation to continue any Plan for any particular period of time. Suspension of the offering of shares would not, of course, affect a shareholders ability to redeem shares.
Additional Information About Redemptions. The right to redeem shares of the Fund can be suspended and the payment of the redemption price deferred when the Exchange is closed (other than for customary weekend and holiday closings), during periods when trading on the Exchange is restricted as determined by the SEC, or during any emergency as determined by the SEC which makes it impracticable for the Portfolio to dispose of its securities or value its assets, or during any other period permitted by order of the SEC for the protection of investors.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
23
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Due to the high cost of maintaining small accounts, the Trust reserves the right to redeem accounts with balances of less than $750. Prior to such a redemption, shareholders will be given 60 days written notice to make an additional purchase. However, no such redemption would be required by the Trust if the cause of the low account balance was a reduction in the net asset value of shares. No CDSC or redemption fees, if applicable, will be imposed with respect to such involuntary redemptions.
While normally payments will be made in cash for redeemed shares, the Trust, subject to compliance with applicable regulations, has reserved the right to pay the redemption price of shares of the Fund, either totally or partially, by a distribution in kind of readily marketable securities. The securities so distributed would be valued pursuant to the valuation procedures described in this SAI. If a shareholder received a distribution in kind, the shareholder could incur brokerage or other charges in converting the securities to cash.
Systematic Withdrawal Plan. The transfer agent will send to the shareholder regular monthly or quarterly payments of any permitted amount designated by the shareholder based upon the value of the shares held. The checks will be drawn from share redemptions and hence, may require the recognition of taxable gain or loss. Income dividends and capital gains distributions in connection with withdrawal plan accounts will be credited at net asset value as of the record date for each distribution. Continued withdrawals in excess of current income will eventually use up principal, particularly in a period of declining market prices. A shareholder may not have a withdrawal plan in effect at the same time he or she has authorized Bank Automated Investing or is otherwise making regular purchases of Fund shares. The shareholder, the transfer agent or the principal underwriter may terminate the withdrawal plan at any time without penalty.
Other Information. The Fund ’ s net asset value per share is normally rounded to two decimal places. In certain situations (such as a merger, share split or a purchase or sale of shares that represents a significant portion of a share class), the administrator may determine to extend the calculation of the net asset value per share to additional decimal places to ensure that neither the value of the Fund nor a shareholders shares is diluted materially as the result of a purchase or sale or other transaction.
SALES CHARGES
Dealer Commissions. The principal underwriter may, from time to time, at its own expense, provide additional incentives to financial intermediaries which employ registered representatives who sell Fund shares and/or shares of other funds distributed by the principal underwriter. In some instances, such additional incentives may be offered only to certain financial intermediaries whose representatives sell or are expected to sell significant amounts of shares. In addition, the principal underwriter may from time to time increase or decrease the sales commissions payable to financial intermediaries. The principal underwriter may allow, upon notice to all financial intermediaries with whom it has agreements, discounts up to the full sales charge during the periods specified in the notice. During periods when the discount includes the full sales charge, such financial intermediaries may be deemed to be underwriters as that term is defined in the 1933 Act.
Purchases at Net Asset Value.
Class A shares may be sold at net asset value to current and retired members of Eaton Vance Fund Boards; to clients (including custodial, agency, advisory and trust accounts) and current and
former
officers and employees of Eaton Vance, its affiliates and other investment advisers and sub-advisers of Eaton Vance sponsored funds; and to such persons spouses, parents, siblings and lineal descendants and their beneficial accounts. Such shares may also be issued at net asset value (1) in connection with the merger (or similar transaction) of an investment company (or series or class thereof) or personal holding company with the Fund (or class thereof), (2) to investors making an investment as part of a fixed fee program whereby an entity unaffiliated with the investment adviser provides investment services, such as management, brokerage and custody, (3) to investment advisors, financial planners or other intermediaries who place trades for their own accounts or the accounts of their clients and who charge a management, consulting or similar ongoing fee for their services; clients of such investment advisors, financial planners or other intermediaries who place trades for their own accounts if the accounts are linked to the master account of such investment advisor, financial planner or other intermediary on the books and records of the broker or agent; financial intermediaries who have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class A shares on a no-load basis as described in the Prospectus; to HSAs (Health Savings Accounts); and to
employer sponsored
retirement
plans and trusts used to fund those plans,
(4) to officers and employees of the Funds custodian and transfer agent and (5) in connection with the ReFlow liquidity program. Class A shares may also be sold at net asset value to registered representatives and employees of financial intermediaries. Sales charges generally are waived because either (i) there is no sales effort involved in the sale of shares or (ii) the investor is paying a fee (other than the sales charge) to the financial intermediary involved in the sale. Any new or revised sales charge or CDSC waiver will be prospective only.
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CDSC Waiver.
The CDSC applicable to Class B and Class C shares will be waived in connection with minimum required distributions from
employer sponsored
retirement plans
and individual retirement accounts
by applying the rate required to be withdrawn under the applicable rules and regulations of the
IRS
to the balance of Class B and Class C shares in your account
.
Waiver of Investment Minimums.
In addition to waivers described in the Prospectus, minimum investment amounts are waived for current and retired members of Eaton Vance Fund Boards, clients (including custodial, agency, advisory and trust accounts), current and retired officers and employees of Eaton Vance, its affiliates and other investment advisers and sub-advisers to the Eaton Vance family of funds, and for such persons spouses, parents, siblings and lineal descendants and their beneficial accounts. The minimum initial investment amount is also waived for officers and employees of the Funds custodian and transfer agent
and in connection with the merger (or similar transaction) of an investment company (or series or class thereof) or personal holding company with the Fund (or class thereof).
Investments in a Fund by ReFlow in connection with the Reflow liquidity program are also not subject to the minimum investment amount.
Statement of Intention. If it is anticipated that $50,000 or more of Class A shares and shares of other funds exchangeable for Class A shares of another Eaton Vance fund will be purchased within a 13-month period, the Statement of Intention section of the account application should be completed so that shares may be obtained at the same reduced sales charge as though the total quantity were invested in one lump sum. Shares eligible for the right of accumulation (see below) as of the date of the Statement and purchased during the 13-month period will be included toward the completion of the Statement. If you make a Statement of Intention, the transfer agent is authorized to hold in escrow sufficient shares (5% of the dollar amount specified in the Statement) which can be redeemed to make up any difference in sales charge on the amount intended to be invested and the amount actually invested. A Statement of Intention does not obligate the shareholder to purchase or the Fund to sell the full amount indicated in the Statement.
If the amount actually purchased during the 13-month period is less than that indicated in the Statement, the shareholder will be requested to pay the difference between the sales charge applicable to the shares purchased and the sales charge paid under the Statement of Intention. If the payment is not received in 20 days, the appropriate number of escrowed shares will be redeemed in order to realize such difference. If the total purchases during the 13-month period are large enough to qualify for a lower sales charge than that applicable to the amount specified in the Statement, the shareholder must notify the transfer agent or, if shares are held in a street name account, the financial intermediary prior to the expiration date of the Agreement in order for such lower sales charge to apply to purchases under the Statement. Any difference will be refunded to the shareholder in cash or applied to the purchase of additional shares, as specified by the shareholder. This refund will be made by the financial intermediary and the principal underwriter. If at the time of the recomputation, the financial intermediary for the account has changed, the adjustment will be made only on those shares purchased through the current financial intermediary for the account. If the sales charge rate changes during the 13-month period, all shares purchased or charges assessed after the date of such change will be subject to the then applicable sales charge.
Right of Accumulation. Under the right of accumulation, the applicable sales charge level is calculated by aggregating the dollar amount of the current purchase and the value (calculated at the maximum current offering price) of shares owned by the shareholder. Class A shares of Eaton Vance U.S. Government Money Market Fund cannot be accumulated for purposes of this privilege. The sales charge on the shares being purchased will then be applied at the rate applicable to the aggregate. Share purchases eligible for the right of accumulation are described under Sales Charges in the Prospectus. For any such discount to be made available at the time of purchase a purchaser or his or her financial intermediary must provide the principal underwriter (in the case of a purchase made through a financial intermediary) or the transfer agent (in the case of an investment made by mail) with sufficient information to permit verification that the purchase order qualifies for the accumulation privilege. Confirmation of the order is subject to such verification. The right of accumulation privilege may be amended or terminated at any time as to purchases occurring thereafter.
Conversion Feature. Class B shares held for eight years will automatically convert to Class A shares. For purposes of this conversion, all distributions paid on Class B shares which the shareholder elects to reinvest in Class B shares will be considered to be held in a separate sub-account. Upon the conversion of Class B shares not acquired through the reinvestment of distributions, a pro rata portion of the Class B shares held in the sub-account will also convert to Class A shares. This portion will be determined by the ratio that the Class B shares being converted bears to the total of Class B shares (excluding shares acquired through reinvestment) in the account. This conversion feature is subject to the continuing availability of a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service or an opinion of counsel that the conversion is not taxable for federal income tax purposes.
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Distribution Plans
The Trust has in effect a compensation-type Distribution Plan for Class A shares (the Class A Plan) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. The Class A Plan is designed to (i) finance activities which are primarily intended to result in the distribution and sales of Class A shares and to make payments in connection with the distribution of such shares and (ii) pay service fees for personal services and/or the maintenance of shareholder accounts to the principal underwriter, financial intermediaries and other persons. The distribution and service fees payable under the Class A Plan shall not exceed 0.30% of the average daily net assets attributable to Class A shares for any fiscal year. Class A distribution and service fees are paid monthly in arrears. For the distribution and service fees paid by Class A shares, see Appendix A.
The Trust also has in effect a compensation-type Distribution Plan for the Fund's Class B and Class C shares (the Class B and Class C Plans) adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. Pursuant to the Class B and Class C Plans, Class B and Class C pay the principal underwriter a distribution fee, accrued daily and paid monthly, at an annual rate not exceeding 0.75% of its average daily net assets to finance the distribution of its shares. Such fees compensate the principal underwriter for the sales commissions paid by it to financial intermediaries on the sale of shares, for other distribution expenses (such as personnel, overhead, travel, printing and postage) and for interest expense. The principal underwriter is entitled to receive all distribution fees and CDSCs paid or payable with respect to Class B and Class C shares, provided that no such payments will be made that would cause Class C shares to exceed the maximum sales charge permitted by FINRA's NASD Conduct Rules 2830(d) or Class B shares to exceed a maximum sales charge of 5% as determined in accordance with such Rule.
The Class B and Class C Plans also authorize the payment of service fees to the principal underwriter, financial intermediaries and other persons in amounts not exceeding an annual rate of 0.25% of its average daily net assets for personal services, and/or the maintenance of shareholder accounts. For Class B, this fee is paid monthly in arrears based on the value of shares sold by such persons. For Class C, financial intermediaries currently receive (a) a service fee (except on exchange transactions and reinvestments) at the time of sale equal to 0.25% of the purchase price of Class C shares sold by such
intermediaries
, and (b) monthly service fees approximately equivalent to 1/12 of 0.25% of the value of Class C shares sold by such
intermediaries.
During the first year after a purchase of Class C shares, the principal underwriter will retain the service fee as reimbursement for the service fee payment made to financial intermediaries at the time of sale. For the service fees paid, see Appendix B and Appendix C.
The Trustees of the Trust believe that each Plan will be a significant factor in the expected growth of the Funds assets, and will result in increased investment flexibility and advantages which have benefitted and will continue to benefit the Fund and its shareholders. The Eaton Vance organization may profit by reason of the operation of a Plan through an increase in Fund assets and if at any point in time the aggregate amounts received by the principal underwriter pursuant to a Plan exceeds the total expenses incurred in distributing Fund shares.
For sales commissions and CDSCs
, if applicable, see Appendix A, Appendix B and Appendix C.
A Plan continues in effect from year to year so long as such continuance is approved at least annually by the vote of both a majority of (i) the noninterested Trustees of the Trust who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan or any agreements related to the Plan (the Plan Trustees) and (ii) all of the Trustees then in office. A Plan may be terminated at any time by vote of a majority of the Plan Trustees or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the applicable Class. Quarterly Trustee review of a written report of the amount expended under the Plan and the purposes for which such expenditures were made is required. A Plan may not be amended to increase materially the payments described therein without approval of the shareholders of the affected Class and the Trustees. So long as a Plan is in effect, the selection and nomination of the noninterested Trustees shall be committed to the discretion of such Trustees. The Trustees, including the Plan Trustees, initially approved the current Plan(s) on April 22, 2013
.
Any Trustee of the Trust who is an interested person of the Trust has an indirect financial interest in a Plan because his or her employer (or affiliates thereof) receives distribution and/or service fees under the Plan or agreements related thereto.
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PERFORMANCE
Performance Calculations. Average annual total return before deduction of taxes (pre-tax return) is determined by multiplying a hypothetical initial purchase order of $1,000 by the average annual compound rate of return (including capital appreciation/depreciation, and distributions paid and reinvested) for the stated period and annualizing the result. The calculation assumes (i) that all distributions are reinvested at net asset value on the reinvestment dates during the period, (ii) the deduction of the maximum of any initial sales charge from the initial $1,000 purchase, (iii) a complete redemption of the investment at the end of the period, and (iv) the deduction of any applicable CDSC at the end of the period.
Average annual total return after the deduction of taxes on distributions is calculated in the same manner as pre-tax return except the calculation assumes that any federal income taxes due on distributions are deducted from the distributions before they are reinvested. Average annual total return after the deduction of taxes on distributions and taxes on redemption also is calculated in the same manner as pre-tax return except the calculation assumes that (i) any federal income taxes due on distributions are deducted from the distributions before they are reinvested and (ii) any federal income taxes due upon redemption are deducted at the end of the period. After-tax returns are based on the highest federal income tax rates in effect for individual taxpayers as of the time of each assumed distribution and redemption (taking into account their tax character), and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. In calculating after-tax returns, the net value of any federal income tax credits available to shareholders is applied to reduce federal income taxes payable on distributions at or near year-end and, to the extent the net value of such credits exceeds such distributions, is then assumed to be reinvested in additional Fund shares at net asset value on the last day of the fiscal year in which the credit was generated or, in the case of certain tax credits, on the date on which the year-end distribution is paid. For pre-tax and after-tax total return information, see Appendix A, Appendix B, Appendix C and Appendix D.
In addition to the foregoing total return figures, the Fund may provide pre-tax and after-tax annual and cumulative total return, as well as the ending redeemable cash value of a hypothetical investment. If shares are subject to a sales charge, total return figures may be calculated based on reduced sales charges or at net asset value. These returns would be lower if the full sales charge was imposed. After-tax returns may also be calculated using different tax rate assumptions and taking into account state and local income taxes as well as federal taxes. The Funds performance may differ from that of other investors in the Portfolio, including other investment companies.
Yield is computed pursuant to a standardized formula by dividing the net investment income per share earned during a recent thirty-day period by the maximum offering price (including the maximum of any initial sales charge) per share on the last day of the period and annualizing the resulting figure. Yield figures do not reflect the deduction of any applicable CDSC, but assume the maximum of any initial sales charge. Actual yield may be affected by variations in sales charges on investments.
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings and Related Information.
The Board has adopted policies and procedures (the Policies) with respect to the disclosure of information about portfolio holdings of the Fund. See the
Fund's
Prospectus for information on disclosure made in filings with the SEC and/or posted on the Eaton Vance website (www.eatonvance.com) and disclosure of certain portfolio characteristics. Pursuant to the Policies, information about portfolio holdings of the Fund may also be disclosed as follows:
·
Confidential disclosure for a legitimate Fund purpose: Portfolio holdings may be disclosed, from time to time as necessary, for a legitimate business purpose of the Fund, believed to be in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders, provided there is a duty or an agreement that the information be kept confidential. Any such confidentiality agreement includes provisions intended to impose a duty not to trade on the non-public information. The Policies permit disclosure of portfolio holdings information to the following: 1) affiliated and unaffiliated service providers that have a legal or contractual duty to keep such information confidential, such as employees of the investment adviser (including portfolio managers and, in the case of a Portfolio, the portfolio manager of any account that invests in the Portfolio), the administrator, custodian, transfer agent, principal underwriter, etc. described herein and in the Prospectus; 2) other persons who owe a fiduciary or other duty of trust or confidence to the Fund (such as Fund legal counsel and independent registered public accounting firm); or 3) persons to whom the disclosure is made in advancement of a legitimate business purpose of the Fund and who have expressly agreed in writing to maintain the disclosed information in confidence and to use it only in connection with the legitimate business purpose underlying the arrangement. To the extent applicable to an Eaton Vance fund, such persons may include securities lending agents which may receive information from time to time regarding selected holdings which may be loaned by a Fund, in the event a Fund is rated, credit rating agencies (Moodys Investor Services, Inc. and Standard & Poors Ratings Group), analytical service providers engaged by the investment adviser (Advent, Bloomberg L.P., Evare, Factset, McMunn
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
Associates, Inc., MSCI/Barra and The Yield Book, Inc.), proxy evaluation vendors (Institutional Shareholder Servicing Inc.), pricing services (TRPS Mark-to-Market Pricing Service, WM Company Reuters Information Services and Non-Deliverable Forward Rates Service, Pricing Direct, FT Interactive Data Corp., Standard & Poors Securities Evaluation Service, Inc., SuperDerivatives and Stat Pro.), which receive information as needed to price a particular holding, translation services, third-party reconciliation services, lenders under Fund credit facilities (Citibank, N.A. and its affiliates), consultants and other product evaluators (Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC) and, for purposes of facilitating portfolio transactions, financial intermediaries and other intermediaries (national and regional municipal bond dealers and mortgage-backed securities dealers). These entities receive portfolio information on an as needed basis in order to perform the service for which they are being engaged. If required in order to perform their duties, this information will be provided in real time or as soon as practical thereafter. Additional categories of disclosure involving a legitimate business purpose may be added to this list upon the authorization of the Funds Board.
In addition to the foregoing, disclosure of portfolio holdings may be made to the Funds investment adviser as a seed investor in a fund, in order for the adviser or its parent to satisfy certain reporting obligations and reduce its exposure to market risk factors associated with any such seed investment. Also
, in connection with a redemption in kind, the redeeming shareholder may be required to agree to keep the information about the securities to be so distributed confidential, except to the extent necessary to dispose of the securities.
·
Historical portfolio holdings information: From time to time, the Fund may be requested to provide historic portfolio holdings information or certain characteristics of portfolio holdings that have not been made public previously. In such case, the requested information may be provided if: the information is requested for due diligence or another legitimate purpose; the requested portfolio holdings or portfolio characteristics are for a period that is no more recent than the date of the portfolio holdings or portfolio characteristics posted to the Eaton Vance website; and the dissemination of the requested information is reviewed and approved in accordance with the Policies.
The Fund, the investment adviser, sub-adviser and principal underwriter will not receive any monetary or other consideration in connection with the disclosure of information concerning the Funds portfolio holdings.
The Policies may not be waived, or exception made, without the consent of the CCO of the Fund. The CCO may not waive or make exception to the Policies unless such waiver or exception is consistent with the intent of the Policies, which is to ensure that disclosure of portfolio information is in the best interest of Fund shareholders. In determining whether to permit a waiver of or exception to the Policies, the CCO will consider whether the proposed disclosure serves a legitimate purpose of the Fund, whether it could provide the recipient with an advantage over Fund shareholders or whether the proposed disclosure gives rise to a conflict of interest between the Funds shareholders and its investment adviser, principal underwriter or other affiliated person. The CCO will report all waivers of or exceptions to the Policies to the Board at their next meeting. The Board may impose additional restrictions on the disclosure of portfolio holdings information at any time.
The Policies are designed to provide useful information concerning the Fund to existing and prospective Fund shareholders while at the same time inhibiting the improper use of portfolio holdings information in trading Fund shares and/or portfolio securities held by the Portfolio. However, there can be no assurance that the provision of any portfolio holdings information is not susceptible to inappropriate uses (such as the development of market timing models), particularly in the hands of highly sophisticated investors, or that it will not in fact be used in such ways beyond the control of the Fund.
TAXES
The following is a summary of some of the tax consequences affecting the Fund and its shareholders. The summary does not address all of the special tax rules applicable to certain classes of investors, such as
individual retirement accounts
and other
employer sponsored
retirement plans, tax-exempt entities, foreign investors, insurance companies and financial institutions. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors with respect to special tax rules that may apply in their particular situations, as well as the federal, state, local, and, where applicable, foreign tax consequences of investing in the Fund.
Taxation of the Fund. The Fund, as a series of the Trust, is treated as a separate entity for federal income tax purposes. The Fund has elected to be treated and intends to qualify each year as a regulated investment company (RIC) under Subchapter M of the Code. Accordingly, the Fund intends to satisfy certain requirements relating to sources of its income and diversification of its assets and to distribute substantially all of its net investment income (including tax-exempt income, if any) and net short-term and long-term capital gains (after reduction by any available capital loss carryforwards) in accordance with the timing requirements imposed by the Code, so as to maintain its RIC status and to avoid paying any federal income tax. If the Fund qualifies for treatment as a RIC and satisfies the above-mentioned distribution requirements, it will not be subject to federal income tax on income paid to its shareholders in the form of dividends or capital gain distributions. The Fund qualified as a RIC for its most recent fiscal year.
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The Fund also seeks to avoid payment of federal excise tax. However, if the Fund fails to distribute in a calendar year substantially all of its ordinary income for such year and substantially all of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ending October 31 (or later if the Fund is permitted to so elect and so elects), plus any retained amount from the prior year, the Fund will be subject to a 4% excise tax on the undistributed amounts. In order to avoid incurring a federal excise tax obligation, the Code requires that the Fund
distributes
(or be deemed to have distributed) by December 31 of each calendar year (i) at least 98% of its ordinary income (excluding tax-exempt income, if any) for such year, (ii) at least 98.2% of its capital gain net income (which is the excess of its realized capital gains over its realized capital losses), generally computed on the basis of the one-year period ending on October 31 of such year, after reduction by any available capital loss carryforwards, and (iii) 100% of any income and capital gains from the prior year (as previously computed) that was not paid out during such year and on which the Fund paid no federal income tax. If the Fund fails to meet these requirements it will be subject to a nondeductible 4% excise tax on the undistributed amounts. Under current law, provided that the Fund qualifies as a RIC (and, where applicable, the Portfolio is treated as a partnership for Massachusetts and federal tax purposes), the Fund should not be liable for any income, corporate excise or franchise tax in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
If the Fund does not qualify as a RIC for any taxable year, the Funds taxable income will be subject to corporate income taxes, and all distributions from earnings and profits, including distributions of tax-exempt income and net capital gain (if any), will be taxable to the shareholder as dividend income. However, such distributions may be eligible (i) to be treated as qualified dividend income in the case of shareholders taxed as individuals and (ii) for the dividends-received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders. In addition, in order to re-qualify for taxation as a RIC, the Fund may be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest, and make substantial distributions.
In certain situations, the Fund may, for a taxable year, elect to defer all or a portion of its capital losses realized after October and
its
late
-
year ordinary losses
(defined as the excess of post-October specified losses (as defined in the Code) and other post-December ordinary losses over post-October specified gains (as defined in the Code) and other post-December ordinary income) realized after December
until the next taxable year in computing its investment company taxable income and net capital gain, which will defer the recognition of such realized losses.
Such deferrals and other rules regarding gains and losses realized after October
(or December)
may affect the tax character of shareholder distributions.
The Code contains a provision codifying the judicial economic substance doctrine, which has traditionally been used by courts to deny tax benefits for transactions that lack economic substance; a strict liability penalty is imposed for an understatement of tax liability due to a transactions lack of economic substance.
Taxation of the Portfolio. If the Fund invests its assets in the Portfolio, the Portfolio normally must satisfy the applicable source of income and diversification requirements in order for the Fund to also satisfy these requirements. For federal income tax purposes, the Portfolio intends to be treated as a partnership that is not a publicly traded partnership and, as a result, will not be subject to federal income tax. The Fund, as an investor in the Portfolio, will be required to take into account in determining its federal income tax liability its share of such Portfolios income, gains, losses, deductions and credits, without regard to whether it has received any distributions from such Portfolio. The Portfolio will allocate at least annually among its investors, including the Fund, the Portfolios net investment income, net realized capital gains, and any other items of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit. For purposes of applying the requirements of the Code regarding qualification as a RIC, the Fund (i) will be deemed to own its proportionate share of each of the assets of the Portfolio and (ii) will be entitled to the gross income of the Portfolio attributable to such share. Under current law, provided that the Portfolio is treated as a partnership for Massachusetts and federal tax purposes, the Portfolio should not be liable for any income, corporate excise or franchise tax in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
Taxation of the Subsidiary. To the extent described in the prospectus, the Portfolio may invest in the Subsidiary. The Subsidiary is classified as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As described in the prospectus, the Fund has either applied for or received from the IRS a private letter ruling or has received advice from counsel relating to the treatment of the income allocated to the Fund from the Subsidiary for purposes of the Funds status as a RIC under the Code. Foreign corporations, such as the Subsidiary, will generally not be subject to U.S. federal income taxation unless they are deemed to be engaged in a U.S. trade or business. It is expected that the Subsidiary will conduct it activities in a manner so as to meet the requirements of a safe harbor under Section 864(b)(2) of the Code under which the Subsidiary may engage in trading in stocks or securities or certain commodities without being deemed to be engaged in a U.S. trade or business. However, if certain of the Subsidiary's activities were determined not to be of the type described in the safe harbor (which is not expected), then the activities of the Subsidiary may constitute a U.S. trade or business, and would be taxed as such.
The Subsidiary is treated as a controlled foreign corporation (CFC) for tax purposes and the Fund is treated as a U.S. shareholder of the Subsidiary. As a result, the Fund is required to include in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes
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all of the Subsidiary's subpart F income, whether or not such income is distributed by the Subsidiary. It is expected that all of the Subsidiary's income will be subpart F income. The Funds recognition of the Subsidiary's subpart F income will increase the Funds tax basis in the Subsidiary. Distributions by the Subsidiary to the Fund will be tax-free, to the extent of its previously undistributed subpart F income, and will correspondingly reduce the Fund's tax basis in the Subsidiary. Subpart F income is generally treated as ordinary income, regardless of the character of the Subsidiary's underlying income. If a net loss is realized by the Subsidiary, such loss is not generally available to offset the income earned by the Fund.
Tax Consequences of Certain Investments. The following summary of the tax consequences of certain types of investments applies to the Fund and the Portfolio, as appropriate. References in the following summary to the Fund are to any Fund or Portfolio that can engage in the particular practice as described in the prospectus or SAI.
Securities Acquired at Market Discount or with Original Issue Discount. Investment in securities acquired at a market discount, or in zero coupon, deferred interest, payment-in-kind and certain other securities with original issue discount, generally may cause the Fund to realize income prior to the receipt of cash payments with respect to these securities. Such income will be accrued daily by the Fund and, in order to avoid a tax payable by the Fund, the Fund may be required to liquidate securities that it might otherwise have continued to hold in order to generate cash so that the Fund may make required distributions to its shareholders. The Fund may elect to accrue market discount income on a daily basis.
Lower Rated or Defaulted Securities. Investments in securities that are at risk of, or are in, default present special tax issues for the Fund. Tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless securities and how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income.
Municipal Obligations. Any recognized gain or income attributable to market discount on long-term tax-exempt municipal obligations (i.e., obligations with a term of more than one year) purchased after April 30, 1993 (except to the extent of a portion of the discount attributable to original issue discount), is taxable as ordinary income. A long-term debt obligation is generally treated as acquired at a market discount if purchased after its original issue at a price less than (i) the stated principal amount payable at maturity, in the case of an obligation that does not have original issue discount or (ii) in the case of an obligation that does have original issue discount, the sum of the issue price and any original issue discount that accrued before the obligation was purchased, subject to a de minimis exclusion.
From time to time proposals have been introduced before Congress for the purpose of restricting or eliminating the federal income tax exemption for interest on certain types of municipal obligations, and it can be expected that similar proposals may be introduced in the future. As a result of any such future legislation, the availability of municipal obligations for investment by the Fund and the value of the securities held by it may be affected. It is possible that events occurring after the date of issuance of municipal obligations, or after the Funds acquisition of such an obligation, may result in a determination that the interest paid on that obligation is taxable, even retroactively.
If the Fund seeks income exempt from state and/or local taxes, information about such taxes is contained in an appendix to this SAI (see the Table of Contents).
Tax Credit Bonds. If the Fund holds, directly or indirectly, one or more tax credit bonds (including Build America Bonds, clean renewable energy bonds and other qualified tax credit bonds) on one or more applicable dates during a taxable year and the Fund satisfies the minimum distribution requirement, the Fund may elect to permit its shareholders to claim a tax credit on their income tax returns equal to each shareholders proportionate share of tax credits from the applicable bonds that otherwise would be allowed to the Fund. In such a case, shareholders must include in gross income (as interest) their proportionate share of the income attributable to their proportionate share of those offsetting tax credits. A shareholders ability to claim a tax credit associated with one or more tax credit bonds may be subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code. Even if the Fund is eligible to pass through tax credits to shareholders, the Fund may choose not to do so.
Derivatives. The Funds investments in options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward contracts (to the extent permitted) and certain other transactions may be subject to special tax rules (including mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale, short sale and other rules), the effect of which may be to accelerate income to the Fund, defer Fund losses, cause adjustments in the holding periods of Fund securities, convert capital gain into ordinary income and convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and character of Fund distributions.
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Investments in so-called section 1256 contracts, such as regulated futures contracts, most foreign currency forward contracts traded in the interbank market and options on most stock indices, are subject to special tax rules. All section 1256 contracts held by the Fund at the end of its taxable year are required to be marked to their market value, and any unrealized gain or loss on those positions will be included in the Funds income as if each position had been sold for its fair market value at the end of the taxable year. The resulting gain or loss will be combined with any gain or loss realized by the Fund from positions in section 1256 contracts closed during the taxable year. Provided such positions were held as capital assets and were not part of a hedging transaction nor part of a straddle, 60% of the resulting net gain or loss will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss, and 40% of such net gain or loss will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss, regardless of the period of time the positions were actually held by the Fund.
Fund positions in index options that do not qualify as section 1256 contracts under the Code generally will be treated as equity options governed by Code Section 1234. Pursuant to Code Section 1234, if a written option expires unexercised, the premium received is short-term capital gain to the Fund. If the Fund enters into a closing transaction with respect to a written option, the difference between the premium received and the amount paid to close out its position is short-term capital gain or loss. If an option written by the Fund that is not a section 1256 contract is cash settled, any resulting gain or loss will be short-term capital gain. For an option purchased by the Fund that is not a section 1256 contract
,
any gain or loss resulting from sale of the option will be a capital gain or loss, and will be short-term or long-term, depending upon the holding period for the option. If the option expires, the resulting loss is a capital loss and is short-term or long-term, depending upon the holding period for the option. If a put option written by the Fund is exercised and physically settled, the premium received is treated as a reduction in the amount paid to acquire the underlying securities, increasing the gain or decreasing the loss to be realized by the Fund upon sale of the securities. If a call option written by the Fund is exercised and physically settled, the premium received is included in the sale proceeds, increasing the gain or decreasing the loss realized by the Fund at the time of option exercise.
As a result of entering into swap contracts, the Fund may make or receive periodic net payments. The Fund may also make or receive a payment when a swap is terminated prior to maturity through an assignment of the swap or other closing transaction. Periodic net payments will generally constitute ordinary income or deductions, while termination of a swap will generally result in capital gain or loss (which will be a long-term capital gain or loss if the Fund has been a party to a swap for more than one year). With respect to certain types of swaps, the Fund may be required to currently recognize income or loss with respect to future payments on such swaps or may elect under certain circumstances to mark such swaps to market annually for tax purposes as ordinary income or loss.
Short Sales. In general, gain or loss on a short sale is recognized when the Fund closes the sale by delivering the borrowed property to the lender, not when the borrowed property is sold. Gain or loss from a short sale is generally considered to be capital gain or loss to the extent that the property used to close the short sale constitutes a capital asset in the Funds hands. Except with respect to certain situations where the property used to close a short sale has a long-term holding period on the date of the short sale, special rules generally treat the gains on short sales as short-term capital gains. These rules may also terminate the running of the holding period of substantially identical property held by the Fund. Moreover, a loss on a short sale will be treated as a long-term capital loss if, on the date of the short sale, substantially identical property has been held by the Fund for more than one year. In general, the Fund will not be permitted to deduct payments made to reimburse the lender of securities for dividends paid on borrowed stock if the short sale is closed on or before the 45th day after the short sale is entered.
Constructive Sales. The Fund may recognize gain (but not loss) from a constructive sale of certain appreciated financial positions if the Fund enters into a short sale, offsetting notional principal contract, or forward contract transaction with respect to the appreciated position or substantially identical property. Appreciated financial positions subject to this constructive sale treatment include interests (including options and forward contracts and short sales) in stock and certain other instruments. Constructive sale treatment does not apply if the transaction is closed out not later than thirty days after the end of the taxable year in which the transaction was initiated, and the underlying appreciated securities position is held unhedged for at least the next sixty days after the hedging transaction is closed.
Gain or loss on a short sale will generally not be realized until such time as the short sale is closed. However, as described above in the discussion of constructive sales, if the Fund holds a short sale position with respect to securities that have appreciated in value, and it then acquires property that is the same as or substantially identical to the property sold short, the Fund generally will recognize gain on the date it acquires such property as if the short sale were closed on such date with such property. Similarly, if the Fund holds an appreciated financial position with respect to securities and then enters into a short sale with respect to the same or substantially identical property, the Fund generally will recognize gain as if the appreciated financial position were sold at its fair market value on the date it enters into the short sale. The subsequent holding period for any appreciated financial position that is subject to these constructive sale rules will be determined as if such position were acquired on the date of the constructive sale.
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Foreign Investments and Currencies. The Funds investments in foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes or other foreign taxes with respect to income (possibly including, in some cases, capital gains), which would decrease the Funds income on such securities. These taxes may be reduced or eliminated under the terms of an applicable U.S. income tax treaty. If more than 50% of Fund assets at year end consists of the debt and equity securities of foreign corporations, the Fund may elect to permit shareholders to claim a credit or deduction on their income tax returns for their pro rata portion of qualified taxes paid by the Fund to foreign countries. If the election is made, shareholders will include in gross income from foreign sources their pro rata share of such taxes. A shareholders ability to claim a foreign tax credit or deduction in respect of foreign taxes paid by the Fund may be subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code (including a holding period requirement applied at both the Fund and shareholder level), as a result of which a shareholder may not get a full credit or deduction for the amount of such taxes. In particular, the Fund must own the dividend-paying stock for more than 15 days during the 31-day period beginning 15 days prior to the ex-dividend date. Likewise, shareholders must hold their Fund shares (without protection from risk or loss) on the ex-dividend date and for at least 15 additional days during the 31-day period beginning 15 days prior to the ex-dividend date to be eligible to claim the foreign tax with respect to a given dividend. Shareholders who do not itemize deductions on their federal income tax returns may claim a credit (but no deduction) for such taxes. Individual shareholders subject to the alternative minimum tax (AMT) may not deduct such taxes for AMT purposes.
Transactions in foreign currencies, foreign currency-denominated debt securities and certain foreign currency options, futures contracts, forward contracts and similar instruments (to the extent permitted) may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency. Under Section 988 of the Code, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the time the Fund accrues income or receivables or expenses or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects such income or pays such liabilities are generally treated as ordinary income or ordinary loss.
Investments in
passive foreign investment companies
(PFICs) could subject the Fund to U.S. federal income tax or other charges on certain distributions from such companies and on disposition of investments in such companies; however, the tax effects of such investments may be mitigated by making an election to mark such investments to market annually or treat the PFIC as a qualified electing fund. If the Fund were to invest in a PFIC and elect to treat the PFIC as a qualified electing fund under the Code, the Fund might be required to include in income each year a portion of the ordinary earnings and net capital gains of the qualified electing fund, even if not distributed to the Fund, and such amounts would be subject to the distribution requirements described above. In order to make this election, the Fund would be required to obtain certain annual information from the PFICs in which it invests, which may be difficult or impossible to obtain. Alternatively, if the Fund were to make a mark-to-market election with respect to a PFIC, the Fund would be treated as if it had sold and repurchased the PFIC stock at the end of each year. In such case, the Fund would report any such gains as ordinary income and would deduct any such losses as ordinary losses to the extent of previously recognized gains. This election must be made separately for each PFIC, and once made, would be effective for all subsequent taxable years unless revoked with the consent of the IRS. The Fund may be required to recognize income in excess of the distributions it receives from PFICs and its proceeds from dispositions of PFIC stock in any particular year. As a result, the Fund may have to distribute this phantom income and gain to satisfy the distribution requirement and to avoid imposition of the 4% excise tax.
U.S. Government Securities. Distributions paid by the Fund that are derived from interest on obligations of the U.S. Government and certain of its agencies and instrumentalities (but generally not distributions of capital gains realized upon the disposition of such obligations) may be exempt from state and local income taxes. The Fund generally intends to advise shareholders of the extent, if any, to which its distributions consist of such interest. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisers regarding the possible exclusion of such portion of their dividends for state and local income tax purposes.
Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs). Any investment by the Fund in equity securities of a REIT qualifying as such under Subchapter M of the Code may result in the Funds receipt of cash in excess of the REITs earnings; if the Fund distributes these amounts, these distributions could constitute a return of capital to Fund shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Investments in REIT equity securities also may require the Fund to accrue and distribute income not yet received. To generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, the Fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio (including when it is not advantageous to do so) that it otherwise would have continued to hold. Dividends received by the Fund from a REIT will not qualify for the corporate dividends-received deduction and generally will not constitute qualified dividend income.
Inflation-Indexed Bonds. Periodic adjustments for inflation to the principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond may give rise to original issue discount, which will be includable in the Funds gross income (see Securities Acquired at Market Discount or with Original Issue Discount above). Also, if the principal value of an inflation-indexed bond is adjusted downward due to inflation, amounts previously distributed in the taxable year may be characterized in some circumstances as a return of capital (see Taxation of Fund Shareholders below).
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Taxation of Fund Shareholders. Subject to the discussion of distributions of tax-exempt income below, Fund distributions of investment income and net gains from investments held for one year or less will be taxable as ordinary income. Fund distributions of any net gains from investments held for more than one year are taxable as long-term capital gains. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the Fund owned the investments that generated the gains, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her shares in the Fund. Dividends and distributions on the Funds shares are generally subject to federal income tax as described herein to the extent they are made out of the Funds earnings and profits, even though such dividends and distributions may economically represent a return of a particular shareholders investment. Such distributions are likely to occur in respect of shares purchased at a time when the Funds net asset value reflects gains that are either unrealized, or realized but not distributed. Such realized gains may be required to be distributed even when the Funds net asset value also reflects unrealized losses.
Distributions paid by the Fund during any period may be more or less than the amount of net investment income and capital gains actually earned during the period. If the Fund makes a distribution to a shareholder in excess of the Funds current and accumulated earnings and profits in any taxable year, the excess distribution will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of such shareholders tax basis in its shares, and thereafter as capital gain. A return of capital is not taxable, but it reduces a shareholders tax basis in its shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by the shareholder of its shares. A shareholders tax basis cannot go below zero and any return of capital distributions in excess of a shareholders tax basis will be treated as capital gain.
Ordinarily, shareholders are required to take taxable distributions by the Fund into account in the year in which the distributions are made. However, for federal income tax purposes, dividends that are declared by the Fund in October, November or December as of a record date in such month and actually paid in January of the following year will be treated as if they were paid on December 31 of the year declared. Therefore, such dividends will generally be taxable to a shareholder in the year declared rather than in the year paid.
The amount of distributions payable by the Fund may vary depending on general economic and market conditions, the composition of investments, current management strategy and Fund operating expenses. The Fund will inform shareholders of the tax character of
distributions annually
to facilitate shareholder tax reporting
.
The Fund may elect to retain its net capital gain, in which case the Fund will be taxed thereon (except to the extent of any available capital loss carryovers) at the 35% corporate tax rate. In such a case, it is expected that the Fund also will elect to have shareholders of record on the last day of its taxable year treated as if each received a distribution of its pro rata share of such gain, with the result that each shareholder will be required to report its pro rata share of such gain on its tax return as long-term capital gain, will receive a refundable tax credit for its pro rata share of tax paid by the Fund on the gain, and will increase the tax basis for its shares by an amount equal to the deemed distribution less the tax credit.
Any Fund distribution, other than dividends that are declared by the Fund on a daily basis, will have the effect of reducing the per share net asset value of Fund shares by the amount of the distribution. If a shareholder buys shares when the Fund has unrealized or realized but not yet distributed ordinary income or capital gains, the shareholder will pay full price for the shares and then may receive a portion back as a taxable distribution even though such distribution may economically represent a return of the shareholders investment.
Tax-Exempt Income. Distributions by the Fund of net tax-exempt interest income that are properly reported as exempt-interest dividends may be treated by shareholders as interest excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes under Section 103(a) of the Code. In order for the Fund to be entitled to pay the tax-exempt interest income as exempt-interest dividends to its shareholders, the Fund must satisfy certain requirements, including the requirement that, at the close of each quarter of its taxable year, at least 50% of the value of its total assets consists of obligations the interest on which is exempt from regular federal income tax under Code Section 103(a). Interest on certain municipal obligations may be taxable for purposes of the federal AMT and for state and local purposes. In addition, corporate shareholders must include the full amount of exempt-interest dividends in computing the preference items for the purposes of the AMT. Fund shareholders are required to report tax-exempt interest on their federal income tax returns.
Tax-exempt distributions received from the Fund are taken into account in determining, and may increase, the portion of social security and certain railroad retirement benefits that may be subject to federal income tax. Interest on indebtedness incurred by a shareholder to purchase or carry Fund shares that distributes exempt-interest dividends will not be deductible for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If a shareholder receives exempt interest dividends with respect to any Fund share and if the share is held by the shareholder for six months or less, then any loss on the sale or exchange of the share may, to the extent of the exempt-interest dividends, be disallowed. Furthermore, a portion of any exempt-interest dividend paid by the Fund that represents
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income derived from certain revenue or private activity bonds held by the Fund may not retain its tax-exempt status in the hands of a shareholder who is a substantial user of a facility financed by such bonds, or a related person thereof. In addition, the receipt of dividends and distributions from the Fund may affect a foreign corporate shareholders federal branch profits tax liability and the federal excess net passive income tax liability of a shareholder of a Subchapter S corporation. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors as to whether they are (i) substantial users with respect to a facility or related to such users within the meaning of the Code or (ii) subject to a federal alternative minimum tax, the federal branch profits tax, or the federal excess net passive income tax.
Qualified Dividend Income.
Qualified dividend income received by an individual is taxed at the rates applicable to long-term capital gain (
currently
at a maximum rate of 20
% plus a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax).
In order for a dividend received by Fund shareholders to be qualified dividend income, the Fund must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the dividend-paying stock in its portfolio and the shareholder must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the Funds shares. A dividend will not be treated as qualified dividend income (at either the Fund or shareholder level) (1) if the dividend is received with respect to any share of stock held for fewer than 61 days during the 121-day period beginning at the date which is 60 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (or, in the case of certain preferred stock, 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date), (2) to the extent that the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property, (3) if the recipient elects to have the dividend income treated as investment interest, or (4) if the dividend is received from a foreign corporation that is (a) not eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the U.S. (with the exception of dividends paid on stock of such a foreign corporation readily tradable on an established securities market in the U.S.) or (b) treated as a passive foreign investment company.
Payments in lieu of dividends, such as payments pursuant to securities lending arrangements, also do not qualify to be treated as qualified dividend income.
In general, distributions of investment income reported by the Fund as derived from qualified dividend income will be treated as qualified dividend income by a shareholder taxed as an individual provided the shareholder meets the holding period and other requirements described above with respect to the Funds shares. In any event, if the aggregate qualified dividends received by the Fund during any taxable year are 95% or more of its gross income, then 100% of the Funds dividends (other than properly reported capital gain dividends) will be eligible to be treated as qualified dividend income. For this purpose, the only gain with respect to the sale of stocks and securities included in the term gross income is the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss.
Dividends Received Deduction for Corporations. A portion of distributions made by the Fund which are derived from dividends from U.S. corporations may qualify for the dividends-received deduction (DRD) for corporations. The DRD is reduced to the extent the Fund shares with respect to which the dividends are received are treated as debt-financed under the Code and is eliminated if the shares are deemed to have been held for less than a minimum period, generally more than 45 days during the 91-day period beginning 45 days before the ex-dividend date or if the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property. Receipt of certain distributions qualifying for the DRD may result in reduction of the tax basis of the corporate shareholders shares. Distributions eligible for the DRD may give rise to or increase the alternative minimum tax for certain corporations. Payments in lieu of dividends, such as payments pursuant to securities lending arrangements, also do not qualify for the DRD.
Recognition of Unrelated Business Taxable Income by Tax-Exempt Shareholders.
Under current law, tax-exempt investors generally will not recognize unrelated business taxable income (UBTI) from distributions from the Fund. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a tax-exempt shareholder could recognize UBTI if shares in the Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of a tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of Code section 514(b). In addition, certain types of income received by the Fund from REITs, real estate mortgage investment conduits (REMICs), taxable mortgage pools or other investments may cause the Fund to designate some or all of its distributions as excess inclusion income. To Fund shareholders such excess inclusion income may: (1) constitute taxable income as UBTI for those shareholders who would otherwise be tax-exempt such as individual retirement accounts,
employer sponsored retirement
plans and certain charitable entities; (2) not be offset by otherwise allowable deductions for tax purposes; (3) not be eligible for reduced U.S. withholding for non-U.S. shareholders even from tax treaty countries; and (4) cause the Fund to be subject to tax if certain disqualified organizations as defined by the Code are Fund shareholders.
Redemption or Exchange of Fund Shares. Generally, upon sale or exchange of Fund shares, a shareholder will realize a taxable gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized and the basis in the shares. Such gain or loss will be treated as capital gain or loss if the shares are capital assets in the shareholders hands, and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the shares are held for more than one year, and short-term capital gain or loss if the shares are held for one year or less.
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
Any loss realized upon the sale or exchange of Fund shares with a tax holding period of six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any distributions treated as long-term capital gain with respect to such shares. In addition, all or a portion of a loss realized on a redemption or other disposition of Fund shares may be disallowed under wash sale rules to the extent the shareholder acquired other shares of the same Fund (whether through the reinvestment of distributions or otherwise) within the period beginning 30 days before the redemption of the loss shares and ending 30 days after such date. Any disallowed loss will result in an adjustment to the shareholders tax basis in some or all of the other shares acquired.
Sales charges paid upon a purchase of shares subject to a front-end sales charge cannot be taken into account for purposes of determining gain or loss on a redemption or exchange of the shares before the 91st day after their purchase to the extent a sales charge is reduced or eliminated in a subsequent acquisition of Fund shares (or shares of another fund) on or before January 31 of the following calendar year pursuant to the reinvestment or exchange privilege. Any disregarded amounts will result in an adjustment to the shareholders tax basis in some or all of any other shares acquired.
Applicability of Medicare Contribution Tax.
The Code imposes a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax on unearned income of certain U.S. individuals, estates and trusts. For individuals, the tax is on the lesser of the net investment income and the excess of modified adjusted gross income over $200,000 (or $250,000 if married filing jointly). Net investment income includes, among other things, interest, dividends, and gross income and capital gains derived from passive activities and trading in securities or commodities. Net investment income is reduced by deductions properly allocable to this income.
Back-Up Withholding for U.S. Shareholders. Amounts paid by the Fund to individuals and certain other shareholders who have not provided the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification number (TIN) and certain certifications required by the IRS as well as shareholders with respect to whom the Fund has received certain information from the IRS or a broker, may be subject to backup withholding of federal income tax arising from the Funds taxable dividends and other distributions as well as the proceeds of redemption transactions (including repurchases and exchanges), at a rate of 28%. An individuals TIN is generally his or her social security number. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amount withheld may be credited against a shareholders U.S. federal income tax liability.
Taxation of Foreign Shareholders. In general, dividends (other than capital gain dividends and exempt-interest dividends) paid to a shareholder that is not a U.S. person within the meaning of the Code (a foreign person or foreign shareholder) are subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate). The withholding tax does not apply to regular dividends paid to a foreign person who provides a Form W-8ECI, certifying that the dividends are effectively connected with the foreign persons conduct of a trade or business within the United States. Instead, the effectively connected dividends will be subject to regular U.S. income tax as if the foreign person were a U.S. shareholder. A non-U.S. corporation receiving effectively connected dividends may also be subject to additional branch profits tax imposed at a rate of 30% (or lower treaty rate). A foreign person who fails to provide an IRS Form W-8BEN or other applicable form may be subject to backup withholding at the appropriate rate. A foreign shareholder would generally be exempt from U.S. federal income tax, including withholding tax, on gains realized on the sale of shares of the Fund, net capital gain dividends, exempt interest dividends, and amounts retained by the Fund that are reported as undistributed capital gains.
For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2014, properly reported dividends are generally exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax where they (i) are paid in respect of the Funds qualified net interest income (generally, the Funds U.S. source interest income, other than certain contingent interest and interest from obligations of a corporation or partnership in which the Fund is at least a 10% shareholder, reduced by expenses that are allocable to such income) or (ii) are paid in respect of the Funds qualified short-term capital gains (generally, the excess of the Funds net short-term capital gain over the Funds long-term capital loss for such taxable year). However, depending on its circumstances, the Fund may report all, some or none of its potentially eligible dividends as such qualified net interest income or as qualified short-term capital gains and/or treat such dividends, in whole or in part, as ineligible for this exemption from withholding. In order to qualify for this exemption from withholding, a non-U.S. shareholder would need to comply with applicable certification requirements relating to its non-U.S. status (including, in general, furnishing an IRS Form W-8BEN or substitute Form). In the case of shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary could withhold even if the Fund designates the payment as qualified net interest income or qualified short-term capital gain. Non-U.S. shareholders should contact their intermediaries with respect to the application of these rules to their accounts.
For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2014, distributions that the Fund reports as short-term capital gain dividends or long-term capital gain dividends will not be treated as such to a recipient foreign shareholder if the distribution is attributable to gain from the sale or exchange of U.S. real property or an interest in a U.S. real property holding corporation and the Funds direct or indirect interests in U.S. real property exceeded certain levels. Instead, if the foreign shareholder has not owned more than 5% of the outstanding shares of the Fund at any time during the one year period ending on the date of distribution, such
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
distributions will be subject to 30% withholding by the Fund and will be treated as ordinary dividends to the foreign shareholder; if the foreign shareholder owned more than 5% of the outstanding shares of the Fund at any time during the one year period ending on the date of the distribution, such distribution will be treated as real property gain subject to 35% withholding tax and could subject the foreign shareholder to U.S. filing requirements. The rules described in this paragraph, other than the withholding rules, will apply notwithstanding the Funds participation or a foreign shareholders participation in a wash sale transaction or the payment of a substitute dividend.
Additionally, if the Funds direct or indirect interests in U.S. real property were to exceed certain levels, a foreign shareholder realizing gains upon redemption from the Fund could be subject to the 35% withholding tax and U.S. filing requirements unless the foreign person had not held more than 5% of the Funds outstanding shares throughout either such persons holding period for the redeemed shares or, if shorter, the previous five years, or for sales occurring on or before December 31, 2013, 50% or more of the value of the Funds shares were held by U.S. entities.
The same rules apply with respect to distributions to a foreign shareholder from the Fund and redemptions of a foreign shareholders interest in the Fund attributable to a REITs distribution to the Fund of gain from the sale or exchange of U.S. real property or an interest in a U.S. real property holding corporation, if the Funds direct or indirect interests in U.S. real property were to exceed certain levels. The rule with respect to distributions and redemptions attributable to a REITs distribution to the Fund will not expire for taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2014.
Provided that 50% or more of the value of the Funds stock is held by U.S. shareholders, distributions of U.S. real property interests (including securities in a U.S. real property holding corporation, unless such corporation is regularly traded on an established securities market and the Fund has held 5% or less of the outstanding shares of the corporation during the five-year period ending on the date of distribution) occurring on or before December 31, 2013, in redemption of a foreign shareholders shares of the Fund will cause the Fund to recognize gain. If the Fund is required to recognize gain, the amount of gain recognized will be equal to the fair market value of such interests over the Funds adjusted basis to the extent of the greatest foreign ownership percentage of the Fund during the five-year period ending on the date of redemption.
In the case of foreign non-corporate shareholders, the Fund may be required to backup withhold U.S. federal income tax on distributions that are otherwise exempt from withholding tax unless such shareholders furnish the Fund with proper notification of their foreign status.
Shares of the Fund held by a non-U.S. shareholder at death will be considered situated within the United States and subject to the U.S. estate tax.
Compliance with the HIRE Act.
A 30% withholding tax will be imposed on
U.S.-source
dividends
, interest and other income items
paid after
June 30, 2014
, and
proceeds
from the sale of property producing U.S.-source dividends and interest
paid after December 31, 2016, to (i) foreign financial institutions including non-U.S. investment funds unless they agree to collect and disclose to the IRS information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. account holders and (ii) certain other foreign entities, unless they certify certain information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. owners. To avoid withholding, foreign financial institutions will need to either enter into agreements with the IRS that state that they will provide the IRS information, including the names, addresses and taxpayer identification numbers of direct and indirect U.S. account holders, comply with due diligence procedures with respect to the identification of U.S. accounts, report to the IRS certain information with respect to U.S. accounts maintained, agree to withhold tax on certain payments made to non-compliant foreign financial institutions or to account holders who fail to provide the required information, and determine certain other information as to their account holders or, in the event that an applicable intergovernmental agreement and implementing legislation are adopted, agree to provide certain information to other revenue authorities for transmittal to the IRS. Other foreign entities will need to either provide the name, address, and taxpayer identification number of each substantial U.S. owner or certifications of no substantial U.S. ownership unless certain exceptions apply or agree to provide certain information to other revenue authorities for transmittal to the IRS. Non-U.S. shareholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the possible implications of these requirements on their investment in the Fund.
Requirements of Form 8886.
Under Treasury regulations, if a shareholder realizes a loss on disposition of the Funds shares of
at least
$2 million
in any single taxable year
or
$4 million in any combination of taxable years
for an individual shareholder or
at least
$10 million
in any single taxable year
or
$20 million in any combination of taxable years
for a corporate shareholder, the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a RIC are not excepted. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayers treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
individual circumstances. Under certain circumstances, certain tax-exempt entities and their managers may be subject to excise tax if they are parties to certain reportable transactions.
Other Taxes. Dividends, distributions and redemption proceeds may also be subject to additional state, local and foreign taxes depending on each shareholders particular situation.
Changes in Taxation. The taxation of the Fund, the Portfolio, the Subsidiary and shareholders may be adversely affected by future legislation, Treasury regulations, IRS revenue procedures and/or guidance issued by the IRS.
PORTFOLIO SECURITIES TRANSACTIONS
Decisions concerning the execution of portfolio security transactions, including the selection of the market and the broker-dealer firm, are made by the investment adviser
.
The Portfolio is responsible for the expenses associated with its portfolio transactions. The investment adviser is also responsible for the execution of transactions for all other accounts managed by it. The investment adviser places the portfolio security transactions for execution with one or more broker-dealer firms. The investment adviser uses its best efforts to obtain execution of portfolio security transactions at prices which in the investment advisers judgment are advantageous to the client and at a reasonably competitive spread or (when a disclosed commission is being charged) at reasonably competitive commission rates. In seeking such execution, the investment adviser will use its best judgment in evaluating the terms of a transaction, and will give consideration to various relevant factors, including without limitation the full range and quality of the broker-dealer firms services,
responsiveness of the firm to the investment adviser, the size and type of the transaction, the nature and character of the market for the security, the confidentiality, speed and certainty of effective execution required for the transaction, the general execution and operational capabilities of the broker-dealer firm, the reputation, reliability, experience and financial condition of the firm, the value and quality of the services rendered by the firm in this and other transactions, and the amount of the spread or commission, if any. In addition, the investment adviser may consider the receipt of Research Services (as defined below), provided it does not compromise the investment
advisers obligation
to seek best overall execution for the Portfolio. The investment adviser may engage in portfolio brokerage transactions with a broker-dealer firm that sells shares of Eaton Vance funds, provided such transactions are not directed to that firm as compensation for the promotion or sale of such shares.
Transactions on stock exchanges and other agency transactions involve the payment of negotiated brokerage commissions. Such commissions vary among different broker-dealer firms, and a particular broker-dealer may charge different commissions according to such factors as the difficulty and size of the transaction and the volume of business done with such broker-dealer. Transactions in foreign securities often involve the payment of brokerage commissions, which may be higher than those in the United States. There is generally no stated commission in the case of securities traded in the over-the-counter markets including transactions in fixed-income securities which are generally purchased and sold on a net basis (i.e., without commission) through broker-dealers and banks acting for their own account rather than as brokers. Such firms attempt to profit from such transactions by buying at the bid price and selling at the higher asked price of the market for such obligations, and the difference between the bid and asked price is customarily referred to as the spread. Fixed-income transactions may also be transactions directly with the issuer of the obligations. In an underwritten offering the price paid often includes a disclosed fixed commission or discount retained by the underwriter or dealer. Although spreads or commissions paid on portfolio security transactions will, in the judgment of the investment adviser, be reasonable in relation to the value of the services provided, commissions exceeding those which another firm might charge may be paid to broker-dealers who were selected to execute transactions on behalf of the investment advisers clients in part for providing brokerage and research services to the investment adviser.
Pursuant to the safe harbor provided in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Section 28(e)), a broker or dealer who executes a portfolio transaction on behalf of the investment adviser client may receive a commission that is in excess of the amount of commission another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction if the investment adviser determines in good faith that such compensation was reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided. This determination may be made on the basis of either that particular transaction or on the basis of the overall responsibility which the investment adviser and its affiliates have for accounts over which they exercise investment discretion. Research Services as used herein includes any and all brokerage and research services to the extent permitted by Section 28(e). Generally, Research Services may include, but are not limited to, such matters as research, analytical and quotation services, data, information and other services products and materials which assist the investment adviser in the performance of its investment responsibilities. More specifically, Research Services may include general economic, political, business and market information, industry and company reviews, evaluations of securities and portfolio strategies and transactions, technical analysis of various aspects of the securities markets, recommendations as to the purchase and sale of securities and other portfolio transactions, certain financial, industry and trade publications, certain news and information services, and certain research oriented computer software, data bases and services. Any particular Research Service obtained
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through a broker-dealer may be used by the investment adviser in connection with client accounts other than those accounts which pay commissions to such broker-dealer. Any such Research Service may be broadly useful and of value to the investment adviser in rendering investment advisory services to all or a significant portion of its clients, or may be relevant and useful for the management of only one clients account or of a few clients accounts, or may be useful for the management of merely a segment of certain clients accounts, regardless of whether any such account or accounts paid commissions to the broker-dealer through which such Research Service was obtained. The investment adviser evaluates the nature and quality of the various Research Services obtained through broker-dealer firms and may attempt to allocate sufficient portfolio security transactions to such firms to ensure the continued receipt of Research Services which the investment adviser believes are useful or of value to it in rendering investment advisory services to its clients. The investment adviser may also receive brokerage and Research Services from underwriters and dealers in fixed-price offerings.
Research Services provided by (and produced by) broker-dealers that execute portfolio transactions or from affiliates of executing broker-dealers are referred to as Proprietary Research. The investment adviser may and does consider the receipt of Proprietary Research Services as a factor in selecting broker dealers to execute client portfolio transactions, provided it does not compromise the investment advisers obligation to seek best overall execution. The investment adviser also may consider the receipt of Research Services under so called client commission arrangements or commission sharing arrangements (both referred to as CCAs) as a factor in selecting broker dealers to execute transactions, provided it does not compromise the investment advisers obligation to seek best overall execution. Under a CCA arrangement, the investment adviser may cause client accounts to effect transactions through a broker-dealer and request that the broker-dealer allocate a portion of the commissions paid on those transactions to a pool of commission credits that are paid to other firms that provide Research Services to the investment adviser. Under a CCA, the broker-dealer that provides the Research Services need not execute the trade. Participating in CCAs may enable the investment adviser to consolidate payments for research using accumulated client commission credits from transactions executed through a particular broker-dealer to periodically pay for Research Services obtained from and provided by other firms, including other broker-dealers that supply Research Services. The investment adviser believes that CCAs offer the potential to optimize the execution of trades and the acquisition of a variety of high quality Research Services that the investment adviser might not be provided access to absent CCAs. The investment adviser will only enter into and utilize CCAs to the extent permitted by Section 28(e).
The investment companies sponsored by the investment adviser or its affiliates also may allocate brokerage commissions to acquire information relating to the performance, fees and expenses of such companies and other investment companies, which information is used by the members of the Board of such companies to fulfill their responsibility to oversee the quality of the services provided to various entities, including the investment adviser, to such companies. Such companies may also pay cash for such information.
Securities considered as investments for the Portfolio may also be appropriate for other investment accounts managed by the investment adviser or its affiliates. Whenever decisions are made to buy or sell securities by the Portfolio and one or more of such other accounts simultaneously, the investment adviser will allocate the security transactions (including new issues) in a manner which it believes to be equitable under the circumstances. As a result of such allocations, there may be instances where the Portfolio will not participate in a transaction that is allocated among other accounts. If an aggregated order cannot be filled completely, allocations will generally be made on a pro rata basis. An order may not be allocated on a pro rata basis where, for example: (i) consideration is given to portfolio managers who have been instrumental in developing or negotiating a particular investment; (ii) consideration is given to an account with specialized investment policies that coincide with the particulars of a specific investment; (iii) pro rata allocation would result in odd-lot or de minimis amounts being allocated to a portfolio or other client; or (iv) where the investment adviser reasonably determines that departure from a pro rata allocation is advisable. While these aggregation and allocation policies could have a detrimental effect on the price or amount of the securities available to the Portfolio from time to time, it is the opinion of the members of the Board that the benefits from the investment adviser organization outweigh any disadvantage that may arise from exposure to simultaneous transactions.
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The following table shows brokerage commissions paid during three fiscal years ended December 31,
2013
, as well as the amount of Portfolio security transactions for the most recent fiscal year (if any) that were directed to firms that provided some Research Services to the investment adviser or its affiliates (see above), and the commissions paid in connection therewith.
Fiscal Year End |
Brokerage Commissions Paid* |
Amount of Transactions
|
Commissions Paid on
|
December 31, 2013 |
$ 729,293 |
$ 41,150,330 |
$ 93,091 |
December 31, 2012 |
$ 1,337,248 |
|
|
December 31, 2011 |
$ 1,803,461 |
|
|
*
The change in brokerage commissions paid was due to increased or decreased trading activity, as applicable.
During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the
Portfolio held
no
securities of its or its corresponding Fund
’
s
“
regular brokers or dealers
”
, as that term is defined in Rule 10b-1 of the 1940 Act
.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The audited financial statements of, and the report of the independent registered public accounting firm for the Fund appear in its annual report to shareholders and are incorporated by reference into this SAI. A copy of the annual report accompanies this SAI.
Householding. Consistent with applicable law, duplicate mailings of shareholder reports and certain other Fund information to shareholders residing at the same address may be eliminated.
Registrant incorporates by reference the audited financial information and the reports of the independent registered public accounting firm for the Fund and Portfolio for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, as previously filed electronically with the SEC (Accession No. 0001193125-14-069367).
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
Asset Coverage |
To the extent required by SEC guidelines, if a transaction exposes the Fund to an obligation of another party it will either: (1) enter an offsetting (covered) position for the same type of financial asset; or (2) segregate cash or liquid securities on the books of either the custodian or the investment adviser with a value sufficient at all times to cover its potential obligations not covered. Assets used as cover or segregated cannot be sold while the position(s) requiring cover is open unless replaced with other appropriate assets. As a result, if a large portion of assets is segregated or committed as cover, it could impede portfolio management, the ability to meet redemption requests, or other current obligations. The types of transactions that may require asset coverage include (but are not limited to) reverse repurchase agreements, repurchase agreements, short sales, securities lending, forward contracts, options, forward commitments, futures contracts, when-issued securities, swap agreements, residual interest bonds, and participation in revolving credit facilities. |
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Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
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|
Valuations of such securities is highly speculative, however, dividends on auction rate preferred securities issued by a closed-end fund may be reported, generally on Form 1099, as exempt from federal income tax to the extent they are attributable to tax-exempt interest income earned by the Fund on the securities and distributed to holders of the preferred securities, provided that the preferred securities are treated as equity securities for federal income tax purposes, and the closed-end fund complies with certain requirements under the Code. Investments in auction rate preferred securities of closed-end funds are subject to limitations on investments in other U.S. registered investment companies, which limitations are prescribed by the 1940 Act. |
Average Effective Maturity |
Average effective maturity is a weighted average of all the maturities of bonds owned by the Fund. Average effective maturity takes into consideration all mortgage payments, puts and adjustable coupons. In the event the Fund invests in multiple Portfolios, its average weighted maturity is the sum of its allocable share of the average weighted maturity of each of the Portfolios in which it invests, which is determined by multiplying the Portfolios average weighted maturity by the Funds percentage ownership of that Portfolio. |
Borrowing for Investment Purposes |
Successful use of a borrowing strategy depends on the investment advisers ability to predict correctly interest rates and market movements. There is no assurance that a borrowing strategy will be successful. Upon the expiration of the term of the Funds existing credit arrangement, the lender may not be willing to extend further credit to the Fund or may be willing to do so at an increased cost to the Fund. If the Fund is not able to extend its credit arrangement, it may be required to liquidate holdings to repay amounts borrowed from the lender. Borrowing to increase investments generally will magnify the effect on the Funds net asset value of any increase or decrease in the value of the security purchased with the borrowings. Successful use of a borrowing strategy depends on the investment advisers ability to predict correctly interest rates and market movements. There can be no assurance that the use of borrowings will be successful. In connection with its borrowings, the Fund will be required to maintain specified asset coverage with respect to such borrowings by both the 1940 Act and the terms of its credit facility with the lender. The Fund may be required to dispose of portfolio investments on unfavorable terms if market fluctuations or other factors reduce the required asset coverage to less than the prescribed amount. Borrowings involve additional expense to the Fund. |
Borrowing for Temporary Purposes |
The Fund may borrow for temporary purposes (such as to satisfy redemption requests, to remain fully invested in advance of the settlement of share purchases, and to settle transactions). The Fund typically makes any such borrowings pursuant to an umbrella credit facility to which most of the Eaton Vance funds have access. The Funds ability to borrow under the credit facility is subject to its terms and conditions, which in some cases may limit the Funds ability to borrow under the facility. The credit facility is subject to an annual renewal, which cannot be assured. If the Fund does not have the ability to borrow for temporary purposes, it may be required to sell securities at inopportune times to meet short-term liquidity needs. Borrowings involve additional expense to the Fund. |
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
Build America Bonds |
Build America Bonds are taxable municipal obligations issued pursuant to the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (the Act) or other legislation providing for the issuance of taxable municipal debt on which the issuer receives federal support. Enacted in February 2009, the Act authorizes state and local governments to issue taxable bonds on which, assuming certain specified conditions are satisfied, issuers may either (i) receive reimbursement from the U.S. Treasury with respect to its interest payments on the bonds (direct pay Build America Bonds); or (ii) provide tax credits to investors in the bonds (tax credit Build America Bonds). Unlike most other municipal obligations, interest received on Build America Bonds is subject to federal income tax and may be subject to state income tax. Under the terms of the Act, issuers of direct pay Build America Bonds are entitled to receive reimbursement from the U.S. Treasury currently equal to 35% (or 45% in the case of Recovery Zone Economic Development Bonds) of the interest paid. Holders of tax credit Build America Bonds can receive a federal tax credit currently equal to 35% of the coupon interest received. The Fund may invest in principal only strips of tax credit Build America Bonds, which entitle the holder to receive par value of such bonds if held to maturity. The Fund does not expect to receive (or pass through to shareholders) tax credits as a result of its investments. The federal interest subsidy or tax credit continues for the life of the bonds. Build America Bonds are an alternative form of financing to state and local governments whose primary means for accessing the capital markets has been through issuance of tax-free municipal bonds. Build America Bonds can appeal to a broader array of investors than the high income U.S. taxpayers that have traditionally provided the market for municipal bonds. Build America Bonds may provide a lower net cost of funds to issuers. Pursuant to the terms of the Act, the issuance of Build America Bonds ceased on December 31, 2010. As a result, the availability of such bonds is limited and the market for the bonds and/or their liquidity may be affected. |
Call and Put Features on Obligations |
Issuers of obligations may reserve the right to call (redeem) the obligations. If an issuer redeems an obligation with a call right during a time of declining interest rates, the holder of the obligation may not be able to reinvest the proceeds in securities providing the same investment return as provided by the securities redeemed. Some obligations may have put or demand features that allow early redemption by the holder. Longer term fixed-rate bonds may give the holder a right to request redemption at certain times (often annually after the lapse of an intermediate term). This put or demand feature enhances an obligations liquidity by shortening its effective maturity and enables the security to trade at a price equal to or very close to par. If a demand feature terminates prior to being exercised, the holder of the obligation would be subject to the longer maturity of the obligation, which could experience substantially more volatility. Obligations with a put or demand feature are more defensive than conventional long term bonds (protecting to some degree against a rise in interest rates) while providing greater opportunity than comparable intermediate term bonds, because they can be retained if interest rates decline. |
Cash Equivalents |
Cash equivalents include short term, high quality, U.S. dollar denominated instruments such as commercial paper, certificates of deposit and bankers acceptances issued by U.S. or foreign banks, and Treasury bills and other obligations with a maturity of one year or less, including those issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies and instrumentalities. See U.S. Government Securities below. Certificates of deposit are certificates issued against funds deposited in a commercial bank, are for a definite period of time, earn a specified rate of return, and are normally negotiable. Bankers acceptances are short-term credit instruments used to finance the import, export, transfer or storage of goods. They are termed accepted when a bank guarantees their payment at maturity. |
|
The obligations of foreign branches of U.S. banks may be general obligations of the parent bank in addition to the issuing branch, or may be limited by the terms of a specific obligation and by governmental regulation. Payment of interest and principal upon these obligations may also be affected by governmental action in the country of domicile of the branch (generally referred to as sovereign risk). In addition, evidence of ownership of portfolio securities may be held outside of the U.S. and generally will be subject to the risks associated with the holding of such property overseas. Various provisions of U.S. law governing the establishment and operation of domestic branches do not apply to foreign branches of domestic banks. The obligations of U.S. branches of foreign banks may be general obligations of the parent bank in addition to the issuing branch, or may be limited by the terms of a specific obligation and by federal and state regulation as well as by governmental action in the country in which the foreign bank has its head office. |
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Commodity-Related Investments |
The value of commodities investments will generally be affected by overall market movements and factors specific to a particular industry or commodity, which may include weather, embargoes, tariffs, and health, political, international and regulatory developments. Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for commodities, which may reduce market prices and cause the value of Fund shares to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted. Exposure to commodities and commodities markets may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. No active trading market may exist for certain commodities investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such investments. In addition, adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of actively traded commodities investments. Certain types of commodities instruments (such as total return swaps and commodity-linked notes) are subject to the risk that the counterparty to the instrument will not perform or will be unable to perform in accordance with the terms of the instrument. To the extent commodity-related investments are held through the Subsidiary, the Subsidiary is not subject to U.S. laws (including securities laws) and their protections. The Subsidiary is subject to the laws of the Cayman Islands, a foreign jurisdiction, and can be affected by developments in that jurisdiction. |
|
Certain commodities are subject to limited pricing flexibility because of supply and demand factors. Others are subject to broad price fluctuations as a result of the volatility of the prices for certain raw materials and the instability of supplies of other materials. These additional variables may create additional investment risks and result in greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. The commodities that underlie commodity futures contracts and commodity swaps may be subject to additional economic and non-economic variables, such as drought, floods, weather, livestock disease, embargoes, tariffs, and international economic, political and regulatory developments. Unlike the financial futures markets, in the commodity futures markets there are costs of physical storage associated with purchasing the underlying commodity. The price of the commodity futures contract will reflect the storage costs of purchasing the physical commodity, including the time value of money invested in the physical commodity. To the extent that the storage costs for an underlying commodity change while the Fund is invested in futures contracts on that commodity, the value of the futures contract may change proportionately. |
|
In the commodity futures markets, producers of the underlying commodity may decide to hedge the price risk of selling the commodity by selling futures contracts today to lock in the price of the commodity at delivery tomorrow. In order to induce speculators to purchase the other side of the same futures contract, the commodity producer generally must sell the futures contract at a lower price than the expected future spot price. Conversely, if most hedgers in the futures market are purchasing futures contracts to hedge against a rise in prices, then speculators will only sell the other side of the futures contract at a higher futures price than the expected future spot price of the commodity. The changing nature of the hedgers and speculators in the commodity markets will influence whether futures prices are above or below the expected future spot price, which can have significant implications for the Fund. If the nature of hedgers and speculators in futures markets has shifted when it is time for the Fund to reinvest the proceeds of a maturing contract in a new futures contract, the Fund might reinvest at higher or lower futures prices, or choose to pursue other investments. |
Common Stocks |
Common stock represents an equity ownership interest in the issuing corporation. Holders of common stock generally have voting rights in the issuer and are entitled to receive common stock dividends when, as and if declared by the corporations board of directors. Common stock normally occupies the most subordinated position in an issuers capital structure. Returns on common stock investments consist of any dividends received plus the amount of appreciation or depreciation in the value of the stock. |
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|
Although common stocks have historically generated higher average returns than fixed-income securities over the long term and particularly during periods of high or rising concerns about inflation, common stocks also have experienced significantly more volatility in returns and may not maintain their real value during inflationary periods. An adverse event, such as an unfavorable earnings report, may depress the value of a particular common stock. Also, the prices of common stocks are sensitive to general movements in the stock market and a drop in the stock market may depress the price of common stocks. Common stock prices fluctuate for many reasons, including changes in investors perceptions of the financial condition of an issuer or the general condition of the relevant stock market, or when political or economic events affecting the issuer occur. In addition, common stock prices may be sensitive to rising interest rates as the costs of capital rise and borrowing costs increase. |
Convertible Securities |
A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note, preferred security, or other security that entitles the holder to acquire common stock or other equity securities of the same or a different issuer. A convertible security entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on debt or the dividend paid on preferred securities until the convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Before conversion, convertible securities have characteristics similar to nonconvertible income securities in that they ordinarily provide a stable stream of income with generally higher yields than those of common stocks of the same or similar issuers, but lower yields than comparable nonconvertible securities. The value of a convertible security is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other factors also may have an effect on the convertible securitys investment value. A convertible security ranks senior to common stock in a corporations capital structure but is usually subordinated to comparable nonconvertible securities. Convertible securities may be purchased for their appreciation potential when they yield more than the underlying securities at the time of purchase or when they are considered to present less risk of principal loss than the underlying securities. Generally speaking, the interest or dividend yield of a convertible security is somewhat less than that of a non-convertible security of similar quality issued by the same company. A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible securitys governing instrument. |
|
Convertible securities are issued and traded in a number of securities markets. Even in cases where a substantial portion of the convertible securities held by the Fund are denominated in U.S. dollars, the underlying equity securities may be quoted in the currency of the country where the issuer is domiciled. As a result, fluctuations in the exchange rate between the currency in which the debt security is denominated and the currency in which the share price is quoted will affect the value of the convertible security. With respect to convertible securities denominated in a currency different from that of the underlying equity securities, the conversion price may be based on a fixed exchange rate established at the time the securities are issued, which may increase the effects of currency risk. |
|
Holders of convertible securities generally have a claim on the assets of the issuer prior to the common stockholders but may be subordinated to other debt securities of the same issuer. Certain convertible debt securities may provide a put option to the holder, which entitles the holder to cause the securities to be redeemed by the issuer at a premium over the stated principal amount of the debt securities under certain circumstances. |
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|
Certain convertible securities may include loss absorption characteristics that make the securities more equity-like. This is particularly true in the financial services sector. While loss absorption language is relatively rare in the convertible securities markets today, it may become more prevalent. One convertible security with loss absorption characteristics is the contingent convertible security (sometimes referred to as a CoCo). These securities provide for mandatory conversion into common stock of the issuer under certain circumstances. The mandatory conversion might be automatically triggered for instance, if a company fails to meet the capital minimum described in the security, the companys regulator makes a determination that the security should convert, or the company receives specified levels of extraordinary public support. Since the common stock of the issuer may not pay a dividend, investors in these instruments could experience a reduced income rate, potentially to zero; and conversion would deepen the subordination of the investor, hence worsening standing in a bankruptcy. In addition, some such instruments have a set stock conversion rate that would cause an automatic write-down of capital if the price of the stock is below the conversion price on the conversion date. In another version of a security with loss absorption characteristics, the liquidation value of the security may be adjusted downward to below the original par value under certain circumstances similar to those that would trigger a CoCo. The write down of the par value would occur automatically and would not entitle the holders to seek bankruptcy of the company. In certain versions of the instruments, the notes will write down to zero under certain circumstances and investors could lose everything, even as the issuer remains in business. |
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|
Synthetic convertible securities may include either cash-settled convertibles or manufactured convertibles. Cash-settled convertibles are instruments that are created by the issuer and have the economic characteristics of traditional convertible securities but may not actually permit conversion into the underlying equity securities in all circumstances. As an example, a private company may issue a cash-settled convertible that is convertible into common stock only if the company successfully completes a public offering of its common stock prior to maturity and otherwise pays a cash amount to reflect any equity appreciation. Manufactured convertibles are created by the investment adviser or another party by combining separate securities that possess one of the two principal characteristics of a convertible security, i.e. , fixed-income (fixed-income component) or a right to acquire equity securities (convertibility component). The fixed-income component is achieved by investing in nonconvertible fixed-income securities, such as nonconvertible bonds, preferred securities and money market instruments. The convertibility component is achieved by investing in call options, warrants, or other securities with equity conversion features (equity features) granting the holder the right to purchase a specified quantity of the underlying stocks within a specified period of time at a specified price or, in the case of a stock index option, the right to receive a cash payment based on the value of the underlying stock index. A manufactured convertible differs from traditional convertible securities in several respects. Unlike a traditional convertible security, which is a single security that has a unitary market value, a manufactured convertible is comprised of two or more separate securities, each with its own market value. Therefore, the total market value of such a manufactured convertible is the sum of the values of its fixed-income component and its convertibility component. More flexibility is possible in the creation of a manufactured convertible than in the purchase of a traditional convertible security. Because many corporations have not issued convertible securities, the investment adviser may combine a fixed-income instrument and an equity feature with respect to the stock of the issuer of the fixed-income instrument to create a synthetic convertible security otherwise unavailable in the market. The investment adviser may also combine a fixed-income instrument of an issuer with an equity feature with respect to the stock of a different issuer when the investment adviser believes such a manufactured convertible would better promote the Funds objective than alternative investments. For example, the investment adviser may combine an equity feature with respect to an issuers stock with a fixed-income security of a different issuer in the same industry to diversify the Funds credit exposure, or with a U.S. Treasury instrument to create a manufactured convertible with a higher credit profile than a traditional convertible security issued by that issuer. A manufactured convertible also is a more flexible investment in that its two components may be purchased separately and, upon purchasing the separate securities, combined to create a manufactured convertible. For example, the Fund may purchase a warrant for eventual inclusion in a manufactured convertible while postponing the purchase of a suitable bond to pair with the warrant pending development of more favorable market conditions. The value of a manufactured convertible may respond to certain market fluctuations differently from a traditional convertible security with similar characteristics. For example, in the event the Fund created a manufactured convertible by combining a short-term U.S. Treasury instrument and a call option on a stock, the manufactured convertible would be expected to outperform a traditional convertible of similar maturity that is convertible into that stock during periods when Treasury instruments outperform corporate fixed-income securities and underperform during periods when corporate fixed-income securities outperform Treasury instruments. |
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Credit Linked Securities |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Credit linked securities are issued by a limited purpose trust or other vehicle that, in turn, invests in a derivative instrument or basket of derivative instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps, and other securities in order to provide exposure to certain fixed-income markets. Credit linked securities may be used as a cash management tool in order to gain exposure to a certain market and to remain fully invested when more traditional income producing securities are not available. Like an investment in a bond, investments in credit linked securities represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in the form of distributions) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the security. However, these payments are conditioned on the issuers receipt of payments from, and the issuers potential obligations to, the counterparties to the derivative instruments and other securities in which the issuer invests. An issuer may sell one or more credit default swaps, under which the issuer would receive a stream of payments over the term of the swap agreements provided that no event of default has occurred with respect to the referenced debt obligation upon which the swap is based. If a default occurs, the stream of payments may stop and the issuer would be obligated to pay the counterparty the par (or other agreed upon value) of the referenced debt obligation. This, in turn, would reduce the amount of income and principal that the holder of the credit linked security would receive. Credit linked securities generally will be exempt from registration under the 1933 Act. Accordingly, there may be no established trading market for the securities and they may constitute illiquid investments. |
Derivative Instruments and Related Risks |
Generally, derivatives can be characterized as financial instruments whose performance is derived at least in part from the performance of an underlying reference instrument. Derivative instruments may be acquired in the United States or abroad and include the various types of exchange-traded and over-the-counter (OTC) instruments described herein and other instruments with substantially similar characteristics and risks. Derivative instruments may be based on securities, indices, currencies, commodities, economic indicators and events (referred to as reference instruments). Fund obligations created pursuant to derivative instruments may be subject to the requirements described under Asset Coverage herein. |
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Derivative instruments are subject to a number of risks, including adverse or unexpected movements in the price of the reference instrument, and counterparty, liquidity, tax, correlation and leverage risks. Use of derivative instruments may cause the realization of higher amounts of short-term capital gains (generally taxed at ordinary income tax rates) than if such instruments had not been used. Success in using derivative instruments to hedge portfolio assets depends on the degree of price correlation between the derivative instruments and the hedged asset. Imperfect correlation may be caused by several factors, including temporary price disparities among the trading markets for the derivative instrument, the reference instrument and the Funds assets. To the extent that a derivative instrument is intended to hedge against an event that does not occur, the Fund may realize losses. |
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OTC derivative instruments involve an additional risk in that the issuer or counterparty may fail to perform its contractual obligations. Some derivative instruments are not readily marketable or may become illiquid under adverse market conditions. In addition, during periods of market volatility, a commodity exchange may suspend or limit trading in an exchange-traded derivative instrument, which may make the contract temporarily illiquid and difficult to price. Commodity exchanges may also establish daily limits on the amount that the price of a futures contract or futures option can vary from the previous days settlement price. Once the daily limit is reached, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond the limit. This may prevent the closing out of positions to limit losses. The staff of the SEC takes the position that certain purchased OTC options, and assets used as cover for written OTC options, are illiquid. The ability to terminate OTC derivative instruments may depend on the cooperation of the counterparties to such contracts. For thinly traded derivative instruments, the only source of price quotations may be the selling dealer or counterparty. In addition, certain provisions of the Code limit the use of derivative instruments. Derivatives permit the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, to which its portfolio is exposed in much the same way as the Fund can increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, of its portfolio by making investments in specific securities. There can be no assurance that the use of derivative instruments will benefit the Fund. |
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Direct Investments |
Direct investments include (i) the private purchase from an enterprise of an equity interest in the enterprise in the form of shares of common stock or equity interests in trusts, partnerships, joint ventures or similar enterprises, and (ii) the purchase of such an equity interest in an enterprise from a principal investor in the enterprise. At the time of making a direct investment, the Fund will enter into a shareholder or similar agreement with the enterprise and one or more other holders of equity interests in the enterprise. These agreements may, in appropriate circumstances, provide the ability to appoint a representative to the board of directors or similar body of the enterprise and for eventual disposition of the investment in the enterprise. Such a representative would be expected to monitor the investment and protect the Funds rights in the investment and would not be appointed for the purpose of exercising management or control of the enterprise. |
Diversified Status |
With respect to 75% of its total assets, an investment company that is registered with the SEC as a diversified fund: (1) may not invest more than 5% of its total assets in the securities of any one issuer (except obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities and securities of other investment companies); and (2) may not own more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer. |
Dividend Capture Trading |
In a dividend capture trade, the Fund sells a stock that has gone ex-dividend to purchase another stock paying a dividend before the next dividend of the stock being sold. The use of a dividend capture trading strategy exposes the Fund to higher portfolio turnover, increased trading costs and potential for capital loss or gain, particularly in the event of significant short-term price movements of stocks subject to dividend capture trading. |
Duration |
Duration measures the time-weighted expected cash flows of a fixed-income security, which can determine its sensitivity to changes in the general level of interest rates. Securities with longer durations generally tend to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than securities with shorter durations. A mutual fund with a longer dollar-weighted average duration generally can be expected to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than a fund with a shorter dollar-weighted average duration. Duration differs from maturity in that it considers a securitys coupon payments in addition to the amount of time until the security matures. Various techniques may be used to shorten or lengthen Fund duration. As the value of a security changes over time, so will its duration. The duration of a Fund that invests in multiple Portfolios is the sum of its allocable share of the duration of each of the Portfolios in which it invests, which is determined by multiplying the Portfolios duration by the Funds percentage ownership of that Portfolio. |
Emerging Market Investments |
The risks described under Foreign Investments herein generally are heightened in connection with investments in emerging markets. Also, investments in securities of issuers domiciled in countries with emerging capital markets may involve certain additional risks that do not generally apply to investments in securities of issuers in more developed capital markets, such as (i) low or non-existent trading volume, resulting in a lack of liquidity and increased volatility in prices for such securities, as compared to securities of comparable issuers in more developed capital markets; (ii) uncertain national policies and social, political and economic instability, increasing the potential for expropriation of assets, confiscatory taxation, high rates of inflation or unfavorable diplomatic developments; (iii) possible fluctuations in exchange rates, differing legal systems and the existence or possible imposition of exchange controls, custodial restrictions or other foreign or U.S. governmental laws or restrictions applicable to such investments; (iv) national policies that may limit investment opportunities, such as restrictions on investment in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to national interests; and (v) the lack or relatively early development of legal structures governing private and foreign investments and private property. Trading practices in emerging markets also may be less developed, resulting in inefficiencies relative to trading in more developed markets, which may result in increased transaction costs. |
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Repatriation of investment income, capital and proceeds of sales by foreign investors may require governmental registration and/or approval in emerging market countries. There can be no assurance that repatriation of income, gain or initial capital from these countries will occur. In addition to withholding taxes on investment income, some countries with emerging markets may impose differential capital gains taxes on foreign investors. |
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Political and economic structures in emerging market countries may undergo significant evolution and rapid development, and these countries may lack the social, political and economic stability characteristic of more developed countries. In such a dynamic environment, there can be no assurance that any or all of these capital markets will continue to present viable investment opportunities. In the past, governments of such nations have expropriated substantial amounts of private property, and most claims of the property owners have never been fully settled. There is no assurance that such expropriations will not reoccur. In such an event, it is possible that the entire value of an investment in the affected market could be lost. In addition, unanticipated political or social developments may affect the value of investments in these countries and the availability of additional investments. The small size and inexperience of the securities markets in certain of these countries and the limited volume of trading in securities in these countries may make investments in the countries illiquid and more volatile than investments in developed markets. |
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Also, there may be less publicly available information about issuers in emerging markets than would be available about issuers in more developed capital markets, and such issuers may not be subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and requirements comparable to those to which U.S. companies are subject. In certain countries with emerging capital markets, reporting standards vary widely. As a result, traditional investment measurements used in the United States, such as price/earnings ratios, may not be applicable. Certain emerging market securities may be held by a limited number of persons. This may adversely affect the timing and pricing of the acquisition or disposal of securities. The prices at which investments may be acquired may be affected by trading by persons with material non-public information and by securities transactions by brokers in anticipation of transactions in particular securities. |
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Practices in relation to settlement of securities transactions in emerging markets involve higher risks than those in developed markets, in part because brokers and counterparties in such markets may be less well capitalized, and custody and registration of assets in some countries may be unreliable. The possibility of fraud, negligence, undue influence being exerted by the issuer or refusal to recognize ownership exists in some emerging markets. As an alternative to investing directly in emerging markets, exposure may be obtained through derivative investments. |
Equity Investments |
Equity investments include common and preferred stocks (see Preferred Securities); depositary receipts; equity interests in trusts, partnerships, joint ventures and other unincorporated entities or enterprises; convertible preferred securities and other convertible debt instruments; and rights and warrants. |
Equity Linked Securities |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Equity linked securities are privately issued securities whose investment results are designed to correspond generally to the performance of a specified stock index or basket of securities, or sometimes a single stock. These securities are used for many of the same purposes as derivative instruments and share many of the same risks. Equity linked securities may be considered illiquid and thus subject to the Funds restrictions on investments in illiquid securities. |
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
Events Regarding FNMA and FHLMC |
The value of FNMA and FHLMC securities fell sharply in 2008 due to concerns that these agencies did not have sufficient capital to offset losses. In mid-2008, the U.S. Treasury Department was authorized to increase the size of home loans that FNMA and FHLMC could purchase in certain residential areas and, until 2009, to lend FNMA and FHLMC emergency funds and to purchase the companies stock. In September 2008, the U.S. Treasury Department announced that FNMA and FHLMC had been placed in conservatorship by the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA), a newly created independent regulator. In connection with the conservatorship, the U.S. Treasury Department entered into Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreements (PSPAs) under which, if the FHFA determines that the liabilities of FNMA and FHLMC have exceeded their assets under generally accepted accounting principles, the U.S. Treasury Department will contribute cash capital to the company in an amount equal to the difference between liabilities and assets. The PSPAs are designed to provide protection to the senior and subordinated debt and the MBS issued by FNMA and FHLMC. On February 18, 2009, the U.S. Treasury Department announced that it was doubling the size of its commitment to each of FNMA and FHLMC under the Senior Preferred Stock Program to $200 billion. The U.S. Treasury Departments obligations under the Senior Preferred Stock Program are for an indefinite period of time for a maximum amount of $200 billion per entity. FNMA and FHLMC are continuing to operate as going concerns while in conservatorship, and each remains liable for all of its obligations, including its guaranty obligations, associated with its mortgage-backed securities. The Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement is intended to enhance each of FNMA and FHLMCs ability to meet its obligations. FHFA has indicated that the conservatorship of each entity will end when the director of FHFA determines that FHFAs plan to restore the entity to a safe and solvent condition has been completed. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Treasury Department initiatives discussed above with respect to the debt and mortgage-backed securities issued by FNMA and FHLMC will be successful. |
Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) |
ETFs are pooled investment vehicles that are designed to provide investment results corresponding to an index. These indexes may be either broad-based, sector or international. ETFs usually are units of beneficial interest in an investment trust or represent undivided ownership interests in a portfolio of securities (or commodities), in each case with respect to a portfolio of all or substantially all of the component securities of, and in substantially the same weighting as, the relevant benchmark index. ETFs are designed to provide investment results that generally correspond to the price and yield performance of the component securities (or commodities) of the benchmark index. ETFs are listed on an exchange and trade in the secondary market on a per-share basis. The values of ETFs are subject to change as the values of their respective component securities (or commodities) fluctuate according to market volatility. Investments in ETFs may not exactly match the performance of a direct investment in the respective indices to which they are intended to correspond due to the temporary unavailability of certain index securities in the secondary market or other extraordinary circumstances, such as discrepancies with respect to the weighting of securities. Typically, the ETF bears its own operational expenses, which are deducted from its assets. To the extent that the Fund invests in ETFs, the Fund must bear these expenses in addition to the expenses of its own operation. |
Exchange-Traded Notes (ETNs) |
ETNs are senior, unsecured, unsubordinated debt securities whose returns are linked to the performance of a particular market benchmark or strategy minus applicable fees. ETNs are traded on an exchange during normal trading hours. However, investors can also hold the ETN until maturity. At maturity, the issuer pays to the investor a cash amount equal to the principal amount, subject to the days market benchmark or strategy factor. |
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ETNs do not make periodic coupon payments or provide principal protection. ETNs are subject to credit risk and the value of the ETN may drop due to a downgrade in the issuers credit rating, despite the underlying market benchmark or strategy remaining unchanged. The value of an ETN may also be influenced by time to maturity, level of supply and demand for the ETN, volatility and lack of liquidity in underlying assets, changes in the applicable interest rates, changes in the issuers credit rating, and economic, legal, political, or geographic events that affect the referenced underlying asset. When the Fund invests in ETNs it will bear its proportionate share of any fees and expenses borne by the ETN. The Funds decision to sell its ETN holdings may be limited by the availability of a secondary market. In addition, although an ETN may be listed on an exchange, the issuer may not be required to maintain the listing and there can be no assurance that a secondary market will exist for an ETN. |
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ETNs are subject to tax risk. No assurance can be given that the IRS will accept, or a court will uphold, how the Fund characterizes and treats ETNs for tax purposes. Further, the IRS and Congress are considering proposals that would change the timing and character of income and gains from ETNs. |
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An ETN that is tied to a specific market benchmark or strategy may not be able to replicate and maintain exactly the composition and relative weighting of securities, commodities or other components in the applicable market benchmark or strategy. Some ETNs that use leverage can, at times, be relatively illiquid and, thus, they may be difficult to purchase or sell at a fair price. Leveraged ETNs are subject to the same risk as other instruments that use leverage in any form. |
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The market value of ETN shares may differ from that of their market benchmark or strategy. This difference in price may be due to the fact that the supply and demand in the market for ETN shares at any point in time is not always identical to the supply and demand in the market for the securities, commodities or other components underlying the market benchmark or strategy that the ETN seeks to track. As a result, there may be times when an ETN share trades at a premium or discount to its market benchmark or strategy. |
Fixed-Income Securities |
Fixed-income securities are used by issuers to borrow money. Fixed-income securities include bonds, preferred, preference and convertible securities, notes, debentures, asset-backed securities (including those backed by mortgages), loan participations and assignments, equipment lease certificates, equipment trust certificates and conditional sales contracts. Generally, issuers of fixed-income securities pay investors periodic interest and repay the amount borrowed either periodically during the life of the security and/or at maturity. Some fixed-income securities, such as zero coupon bonds, do not pay current interest, but are purchased at a discount from their face values, and values accumulate over time to face value at maturity. The market prices of fixed-income securities fluctuate depending on such factors as interest rates, credit quality and maturity. In general, market prices of fixed-income securities decline when interest rates rise and increase when interest rates fall. Fixed-income securities are subject to risk factors such as sensitivity to interest rate and real or perceived changes in economic conditions, payment expectations, liquidity and valuation. Fixed-income securities with longer maturities (for example, over ten years) are more affected by changes in interest rates and provide less price stability than securities with short-term maturities (for example, one to ten years). Fixed-income securities bear the risk of principal and interest default by the issuer, which will be greater with higher yielding, lower grade securities. During an economic downturn, the ability of issuers to service their debt may be impaired. The rating assigned to a fixed-income security by a rating agency does not reflect assessment of the volatility of the securitys market value or of the liquidity of an investment in the securities. Credit ratings are based largely on the issuers historical financial condition and a rating agencys investment analysis at the time of rating, and the rating assigned to any particular security is not necessarily a reflection of the issuers current financial condition. Credit quality can change from time to time, and recently issued credit ratings may not fully reflect the actual risks posed by a particular high yield security. If relevant to the Fund(s) in this SAI, corporate bond ratings are described in an appendix to the SAI (see the table of contents). While typically paying a fixed rate of income, preferred securities may be considered to be equity securities for purposes of the Funds investment restrictions. |
Foreign Currency Transactions |
As measured in U.S. dollars, the value of assets denominated in foreign currencies may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in foreign currency rates and exchange control regulations. Currency exchange rates can also be affected unpredictably by intervention by U.S. or foreign governments or central banks, or the failure to intervene, or by currency controls or political developments in the United States or abroad. Foreign currency exchange transactions may be conducted on a spot ( i.e. , cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign currency exchange market or through entering into derivative currency transactions (see Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts, Option Contracts, Futures Contracts and Swap Agreements Currency Swaps herein). Currency transactions are subject to the risk of a number of complex political and economic factors applicable to the countries issuing the underlying currencies. Furthermore, unlike trading in most other types of instruments, there is no systematic reporting of last sale information with respect to the foreign currencies underlying the derivative currency transactions. As a result, available information may not be complete. In an over-the-counter trading environment, there are no daily price fluctuation limits. |
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
Foreign Investments |
Investing in securities issued by companies whose principal business activities are outside the United States may involve significant risks not present in domestic investments. For example, because foreign companies may not be subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, practices and requirements and regulatory measures comparable to those applicable to U.S. companies, there may be less publicly available information about a foreign company than about a domestic company. Volume and liquidity in most foreign debt markets is less than in the United States and securities of some foreign companies are less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. companies. There is generally less government supervision and regulation of securities exchanges, broker-dealers and listed companies than in the United States. In addition, with respect to certain foreign countries, there is the possibility of nationalization, expropriation or confiscatory taxation, currency blockage, political or social instability, or diplomatic developments, which could affect investments in those countries. Any of these actions could adversely affect securities prices, impair the Funds ability to purchase or sell foreign securities, or transfer the Funds assets or income back to the United States, or otherwise adversely affect Fund operations. In the event of nationalization, expropriation or confiscation, the Fund could lose its entire investment in that country. |
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Other potential foreign market risks include exchange controls, difficulties in valuing securities, defaults on foreign government securities, and difficulties of enforcing favorable legal judgments in foreign courts. Moreover, individual foreign economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as growth of gross national product, reinvestment of capital, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, and balance of payments position. Certain economies may rely heavily on particular industries or foreign capital and are more vulnerable to diplomatic developments, the imposition of economic sanctions against a particular country or countries, changes in international trading patterns, trade barriers, and other protectionist or retaliatory measures. Foreign securities markets, while growing in volume and sophistication, are generally not as developed as those in the United States. Foreign countries may not have the infrastructure or resources to respond to natural and other disasters that interfere with economic activities, which may adversely affect issuers located in such countries. |
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Settlement and clearance procedures in certain foreign markets differ significantly from those in the United States. Payment for securities before delivery may be required and in some countries delayed settlements are customary, which increases the Funds risk of loss. The Fund generally holds its foreign securities and related cash in foreign banks and securities depositories. Some foreign banks and securities depositories may be recently organized or new to the foreign custody business. In addition, there may be limited or no regulatory oversight over their operations. Also, the laws of certain countries may put limits on the Funds ability to recover its assets if a foreign bank, depository or issuer of a security or any of their agents goes bankrupt. Certain countries may require withholding on dividends paid on portfolio securities and on realized capital gains. |
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In addition, it is often more expensive to buy, sell and hold securities in certain foreign markets than in the United States. Foreign brokerage commissions are generally higher than commissions on securities traded in the United States and may be non-negotiable. The fees paid to foreign banks and securities depositories generally are higher than those charged by U.S. banks and depositories. The increased expense of investing in foreign markets reduces the amount earned on investments and typically results in a higher operating expense ratio for the Fund as compared to investment companies that invest only in the United States. |
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Depositary receipts (including American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) and Global Depositary Receipts GDRs)) are certificates evidencing ownership of shares of a foreign issuer and are alternatives to directly purchasing the underlying foreign securities in their national markets and currencies. However, they continue to be subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities. These risks include the political and economic risks of the underlying issuers country, as well as in the case of depositary receipts traded on foreign markets, exchange risk. Depositary receipts may be sponsored or unsponsored. Unsponsored depositary receipts are established without the participation of the issuer. As a result, available information concerning the issuer of an unsponsored depository receipt may not be as current as for sponsored depositary receipts, and the prices of unsponsored depositary receipts may be more volatile than if such instruments were sponsored by the issuer. Unsponsored depositary receipts may involve higher expenses, may not pass through voting or other shareholder rights and they may be less liquid. |
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
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Unless otherwise provided in the Prospectus, in determining the domicile of an issuer, the investment adviser may consider the domicile determination of the Funds benchmark index or a leading provider of global indexes and may take into account such factors as where the companys securities are listed, and where the company is legally organized, maintains principal corporate offices and/or conducts its principal operations. |
Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. A forward foreign currency exchange contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. These contracts may be bought or sold to protect against an adverse change in the relationship between currencies or to increase exposure to a particular foreign currency. Cross-hedging may be done by using forward contracts in one currency (or basket of currencies) to hedge against fluctuations in the value of instruments denominated in a different currency (or the basket of currencies and the underlying currency). Use of a different foreign currency (for hedging or non-hedging purposes) magnifies exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. Forward foreign currency exchange contracts are individually negotiated and privately traded so they are dependent upon the creditworthiness of the counterparty. The precise matching of the forward contract amounts and the value of the instruments denominated in the corresponding currencies will not generally be possible. In addition, it may not be possible to hedge against long-term currency changes. |
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When a currency is difficult to hedge or to hedge against the U.S. dollar, the Fund may enter into a forward contract to sell a currency whose changes in value are generally considered to be linked to such currency. Currency transactions can result in losses if the currency being hedged fluctuates in value to a degree or in a direction that is not anticipated. In addition, there is the risk that the perceived linkage between various currencies may not be present or may not be present during the particular time the hedge is in place. If the Fund purchases a bond denominated in a foreign currency with a higher interest rate than is available on U.S. bonds of a similar maturity, the additional yield on the foreign bond could be substantially reduced or lost if the Fund were to enter into a direct hedge by selling the foreign currency and purchasing the U.S. dollar. |
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Some of the forward foreign currency exchange contracts may be classified as non-deliverable forwards (NDFs). NDFs are cash-settled, forward contracts that may be thinly traded. NDFs are commonly quoted for time periods of one month up to two years, and are normally quoted and settled in U.S. dollars, but may be settled in other currencies. They are often used to gain exposure to or hedge exposure to foreign currencies that are not internationally traded. NDFs may also be used to gain or hedge exposure to gold. |
Forward Rate Agreements |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Under a forward rate agreement, the buyer locks in an interest rate at a future settlement date. If the interest rate on the settlement date exceeds the lock rate, the buyer pays the seller the difference between the two rates. If the lock rate exceeds the interest rate on the settlement date, the seller pays the buyer the difference between the two rates. Any such gain received by the Fund would be taxable. These instruments are traded in the OTC market. |
Fund Investing in a Portfolio |
The Board may discontinue the Funds investment in one or more Portfolios if it determines that it is in the best interest of the Fund and its shareholders to do so. In such an event, the Board would consider what action might be taken, including investing Fund assets in another pooled investment entity or retaining an investment adviser to manage Fund assets in accordance with its investment objective(s). The Funds investment performance and expense ratio may be affected if its investment structure is changed or if another Portfolio investor withdraws all or a portion of its investment in the Portfolio. |
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
Futures Contracts |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Futures contracts are standardized contracts that obligate a purchaser to take delivery, and a seller to make delivery, of a specific amount of the underlying reference instrument at a specified future date at a specified price. These contracts are traded on exchanges, so that, in most cases, either party can close out its position on the exchange for cash, without delivering the underlying asset. Upon purchasing or selling a futures contract, a purchaser or seller is required to deposit collateral (initial margin). Each day thereafter until the futures position is closed, the purchaser or seller will pay additional margin (variation margin) representing any loss experienced as a result of the futures position the prior day or be entitled to a payment representing any profit experienced as a result of the futures position the prior day. A public market exists in futures contracts covering a number of indexes as well as financial instruments and foreign currencies. It is expected that other futures contracts will be developed and traded in the future. In computing daily net asset value, the Fund will mark to market its open futures positions. The Fund is also required to deposit and maintain margin with respect to put and call options on futures contracts written by it. Futures contracts are traded on exchanges or boards of trade that are licensed by the CFTC and must be executed through a futures commission merchant or brokerage firm that is a member of the relevant exchange or board. |
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Although some futures contracts call for making or taking delivery of the underlying reference instrument, generally these obligations are closed out prior to delivery by offsetting purchases or sales of matching futures contracts (same exchange, underlying security or index, and delivery month). Closing a futures contract sale is effected by purchasing a futures contract for the same aggregate amount of the specific type of financial instrument or commodity with the same delivery date. If an offsetting purchase price is less than the original sale price, the Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is more, the Fund realizes a capital loss. Conversely, if an offsetting sale price is more than the original purchase price, the Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is less, the Fund realizes a capital loss. |
Global Natural Resources Companies |
To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may concentrate its investments in global natural resources companies. |
Health Sciences Companies |
To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may concentrate its investments in health sciences companies. |
High Yield Securities |
High yield securities (commonly referred to as junk bonds) are considered to be of below investment grade quality and generally provide greater income potential and/or increased opportunity for capital appreciation than investments in higher quality debt securities but they also typically entail greater potential price volatility and principal and income risk. High yield securities may be subject to higher risk and include certain corporate debt obligations, higher yielding preferred securities and mortgage-related securities, and securities convertible into the foregoing. They are regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the entitys continuing ability to meet principal and interest payments. Also, their yields and market values may fluctuate more than higher rated securities. Fluctuations in value do not affect the cash income from the securities, but are reflected in the Funds net asset value. The greater risks and fluctuations in yield and value occur, in part, because investors generally perceive issuers of lower rated and unrated securities to be less creditworthy. The secondary market on which high yield securities are traded may be less liquid than the market for higher grade securities. |
Hybrid Instruments |
A hybrid instrument is a type of potentially high-risk derivative that combines a traditional stock, bond, or commodity with an option or forward contract. Generally, the principal amount, amount payable upon maturity or redemption, or interest rate of a hybrid is tied (positively or negatively) to the price of some commodity, currency or securities index or another interest rate or some other economic factor (each a benchmark). The interest rate or (unlike most fixed-income securities) the principal amount payable at maturity of a hybrid security may be increased or decreased, depending on changes in the value of the benchmark. An example of a hybrid instrument is a bond issued by an oil company that pays a small base level of interest with additional interest that accrues in correlation to the extent to which oil prices exceed a certain predetermined level. Such a hybrid instrument would be a combination of a bond and a call option on oil. |
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
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The risks of investing in hybrid instruments reflect a combination of the risks of investing in securities, options, futures and currencies. An investment in a hybrid instrument may entail significant risks that are not associated with a similar investment in a traditional debt instrument that has a fixed principal amount, is denominated in U.S. dollars or bears interest either at a fixed rate or a floating rate determined by reference to a common, nationally published benchmark. The risks of a particular hybrid instrument will depend upon the terms of the instrument, but may include the possibility of significant changes in the benchmark(s) or the prices of the underlying assets to which the instrument is linked. Such risks generally depend upon factors unrelated to the operations or credit quality of the issuer of the hybrid instrument, which may not be foreseen by the purchaser, such as economic and political events, the supply and demand of the underlying assets and interest rate movements. Hybrid instruments may be highly volatile and their use by the Fund may not be successful. Hybrid instruments may also carry liquidity risk since the instruments are often customized to meet the portfolio needs of a particular investor, and therefore, the number of investors that are willing and able to buy such instruments in the secondary market may be smaller than that for more traditional debt securities. |
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Hybrid instruments may bear interest or pay preferred dividends at below market (or even relatively nominal) rates. Alternatively, hybrid instruments may bear interest at above market rates but bear an increased risk of principal loss (or gain). The latter scenario may result if leverage is used to structure the hybrid instrument. Leverage risk occurs when the hybrid instrument is structured so that a given change in a benchmark or underlying asset is multiplied to produce a greater value change in the hybrid instrument, thereby magnifying the risk of loss as well as the potential for gain. |
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Hybrid instruments are potentially more volatile and carry greater market risks than traditional debt instruments. Depending on the structure of the particular hybrid instrument, changes in a benchmark may be magnified by the terms of the hybrid instrument and have an even more dramatic and substantial effect upon the value of the hybrid instrument. Also, the prices of the hybrid instrument and the benchmark or underlying asset may not move in the same direction or at the same time. |
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Hybrids can be used as an efficient means of pursuing a variety of investment goals, including currency hedging, duration management, and increased total return and creating exposure to a particular market or segment of that market. The value of a hybrid or its interest rate may be a multiple of a benchmark and, as a result, may be leveraged and move (up or down) more steeply and rapidly than the benchmark. These benchmarks may be sensitive to economic and political events, such as commodity shortages and currency devaluations, which cannot be readily foreseen by the purchaser of a hybrid. Under certain conditions, the redemption value of a hybrid could be zero. The purchase of hybrids also exposes the Fund to the credit risk of the issuer of the hybrids. These risks may cause significant fluctuations in the net asset value of the Fund. |
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Certain hybrid instruments may provide exposure to the commodities markets. These are derivative securities with one or more commodity-linked components that have payment features similar to commodity futures contracts, commodity options, or similar instruments. Commodity-linked hybrid instruments may be either equity or debt securities, leveraged or unleveraged, and are considered hybrid instruments because they have both security and commodity-like characteristics. A portion of the value of these instruments may be derived from the value of a commodity, futures contract, index or other economic variable. The Fund will invest only in commodity-linked hybrid instruments that qualify under applicable rules of the CFTC for an exemption from the provisions of the CEA. Certain issuers of structured products such as hybrid instruments may be deemed to be investment companies as defined in the 1940 Act. As a result, the Funds investments in these products may be subject to limits applicable to investments in investment companies and may be subject to restrictions contained in the 1940 Act. |
Illiquid Securities |
Illiquid securities include securities legally restricted as to resale, and may include commercial paper issued pursuant to Section 4(2) of the 1933 Act and securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A thereunder. Section 4(2) and Rule 144A securities may, however, be treated as liquid by the investment adviser pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board, which require consideration of factors such as trading activity, availability of market quotations and number of dealers willing to purchase the security. Even if determined to be liquid, Rule 144A securities may increase the level of portfolio illiquidity if eligible buyers become uninterested in purchasing such securities. |
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
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It may be difficult to sell illiquid securities at a price representing fair value until such time as the securities may be sold publicly. It also may be more difficult to determine the fair value of such securities for purposes of computing the Funds net asset value. Where registration is required, a considerable period of time may elapse between a decision to sell the securities and the time when the Fund would be permitted to sell. Thus, the Fund may not be able to obtain as favorable a price as that prevailing at the time of the decision to sell. The Fund may incur additional expense when disposing of illiquid securities, including all or a portion of the cost to register the securities. The Fund also may acquire securities through private placements under which it may agree to contractual restrictions on the resale of such securities that are in addition to applicable legal restrictions. Such restrictions might prevent the sale of such securities at a time when such sale would otherwise be desirable. |
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At times, a portion of the Funds assets may be invested in securities as to which the Fund, by itself or together with other accounts managed by the investment adviser and its affiliates, holds a major portion or all of such securities. Under adverse market or economic conditions or in the event of adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer, the Fund could find it more difficult to sell such securities when the investment adviser believes it advisable to do so or may be able to sell such securities only at prices lower than if such securities were more widely held. It may also be more difficult to determine the fair value of such securities for purposes of computing the Funds net asset value. |
Indexed Securities |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Indexed securities are securities that fluctuate in value with an index. The interest rate or, in some cases, the principal payable at the maturity of an indexed security may change positively or inversely in relation to one or more interest rates, financial indices, securities prices or other financial indicators (reference prices). An indexed security may be leveraged to the extent that the magnitude of any change in the interest rate or principal payable on an indexed security is a multiple of the change in the reference price. Thus, indexed securities may decline in value due to adverse market changes in reference prices. Because indexed securities derive their value from another instrument, security or index, they are considered derivative debt securities, and are subject to different combinations of prepayment, extension, interest rate and/or other market risks. Indexed securities may include interest only (IO) and principal only (PO) securities, floating rate securities linked to the Cost of Funds Index (COFI floaters), other lagging rate floating securities, floating rate securities that are subject to a maximum interest rate (capped floaters), leveraged floating rate securities (super floaters), leveraged inverse floating rate securities (inverse floaters), dual index floaters, range floaters, index amortizing notes and various currency indexed notes. Indexed securities may be issued by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities or, if privately issued, collateralized by mortgages that are insured, guaranteed or otherwise backed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. |
Inflation-Indexed (or Inflation-Linked) Bonds |
Inflation-indexed bonds are fixed-income securities the principal value of which is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation. Inflation-indexed bonds are issued by governments, their agencies or instrumentalities and corporations. Two structures are common: The U.S. Treasury and some other issuers use a structure that accrues inflation into the principal value of the bond. Most other issuers pay out the inflation accruals as part of a semiannual coupon. The principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond is adjusted in response to changes in the level of inflation. Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed in the case of U.S. Treasury inflation-indexed bonds, and therefore, the principal amount of such bonds cannot be reduced below par even during a period of deflation. However, the current market value of these bonds is not guaranteed and will fluctuate, reflecting the risk of changes in their yields. In certain jurisdictions outside the United States, the repayment of the original bond principal upon the maturity of an inflation-indexed bond is not guaranteed, allowing for the amount of the bond repaid at maturity to be less than par. The interest rate for inflation-indexed bonds is fixed at issuance as a percentage of this adjustable principal. Accordingly, the actual interest income may both rise and fall as the principal amount of the bonds adjusts in response to movements in the Consumer Price Index. |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
57
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
58
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Loan Facility |
Senior Debt Portfolio may employ borrowings and leverage as described in the Prospectus. The Portfolio has entered into a commercial paper program and liquidity facility subject to the terms of an Order of the SEC (Release No. 26320) granting an exemption from Section 18(f)(1) of the 1940 Act. The program, administered by Citicorp North America, Inc., is with certain conduit lenders who issue commercial paper, in an amount up to $640 million through which the Portfolio employs leverage pursuant to its investment guidelines and subject to the risks described in the Prospectus. Under the terms of the program, the Portfolio pays an annual fee equal to 0.65% on its outstanding borrowings for the administration of the program and an annual fee of either 0.35% or 0.45% on the total commitment amount depending on the amount of outstanding borrowings, as well as interest on advances under the program. |
Loans |
Loans may be primary, direct investments or investments in loan assignments or participation interests. A loan assignment represents a portion or the entirety of a loan and a portion of the entirety of a position previously attributable to a different lender. The purchaser of an assignment typically succeeds to all the rights and obligations under the loan agreement and has the same rights and obligations as the assigning investor. However, assignments through private negotiations may cause the purchaser of an assignment to have different and more limited rights than those held by the assigning investor. Loan participation interests are interests issued by a lender or other entity and represent a fractional interest in a loan. The Fund typically will have a contractual relationship only with the financial institution that issued the participation interest. As a result, the Fund may have the right to receive payments of principal, interest and any fees to which it is entitled only from the financial institution and only upon receipt by such entity of such payments from the borrower. In connection with purchasing a participation interest, the Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the borrower with the terms of the loan agreement, nor any rights with respect to any funds acquired by other investors through set-off against the borrower and the Fund may not directly benefit from the collateral supporting the loan in which it has purchased the participation interest. As a result, the Fund may assume the credit risk of both the borrower and the financial institution issuing the participation interest. In the event of the insolvency of the entity issuing a participation interest, the Fund may be treated as a general creditor of such entity. |
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Loans may be originated by a lending agent, such as a financial institution or other entity, on behalf of a group or syndicate of loan investors (the Loan Investors). In such a case, the agent administers the terms of the loan agreement and is responsible for the collection of principal, and interest payments from the borrower and the apportionment of these payments to the Loan Investors. Failure by the agent to fulfill its obligations may delay or adversely affect receipt of payment by the Fund. Furthermore, unless under the terms of a loan agreement or participation (as applicable) the Fund has direct recourse against the borrower, the Fund must rely on the Agent and the other Loan Investors to pursue appropriate remedies against the borrower. |
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Loan investments may be made at par or at a discount or premium to par. The interest payable on a loan may be fixed or floating rate, and paid in cash or in-kind. In connection with transactions in loans, the Fund may be subject to facility or other fees. Loans may be secured by specific collateral or other assets of the borrower, guaranteed by a third party, unsecured or subordinated. During the term of a loan, the value of any collateral securing the loan may decline in value, causing the loan to be under collateralized. Collateral may consist of assets that may not be readily liquidated, and there is no assurance that the liquidation of such assets would satisfy fully a borrowers obligations under the loan. In addition, if a loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become part owner of the collateral and would bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of such collateral. |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
59
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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A lenders repayment and other rights primarily are determined by governing loan, assignment or participation documents, which (among other things) typically establish the priority of payment on the loan relative to other indebtedness and obligations of the borrower. In the event of bankruptcy, applicable law may impact a lenders ability to enforce its rights under such documents. Investing in loans involves the risk of default by the borrower or other party obligated to repay the loan. In the event of insolvency of the borrower or other obligated party, the Fund may be treated as a general creditor of such entity unless it has rights that are senior to that of other creditors or secured by specific collateral or assets of the borrower. Fixed-rate loans are also subject to the risk that their value will decline in a rising interest rate environment. This risk is mitigated for floating-rate loans, where the interest rate payable on the loan resets periodically by reference to a base lending rate. The base lending rate usually is the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), the Federal Reserve federal funds rate, the prime rate or other base lending rates used by commercial lenders. LIBOR usually is an average of the interest rates quoted by several designated banks as the rates at which they pay interest to major depositors in the London interbank market on U.S. dollar-denominated deposits. |
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The Fund will take whatever action it considers appropriate in the event of anticipated financial difficulties, default or bankruptcy of the borrower or other entity obligated to repay a loan. Such action may include: (i) retaining the services of various persons or firms (including affiliates of the investment adviser) to evaluate or protect any collateral or other assets securing the loan or acquired as a result of any such event; (ii) managing (or engaging other persons to manage) or otherwise dealing with any collateral or other assets so acquired; and (iii) taking such other actions (including, but not limited to, payment of operating or similar expenses relating to the collateral) as the investment adviser may deem appropriate to reduce the likelihood or severity of loss on the Funds investment and/or maximize the return on such investment. The Fund will incur additional expenditures in taking protective action with respect to loans in (or anticipated to be in) default and assets securing such loans. In certain circumstances, the Fund may receive equity or equity-like securities from a borrower to settle the loan or may acquire an equity interest in the borrower. Representatives of the Fund also may join creditor or similar committees relating to loans. |
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Lenders can be sued by other creditors and the debtor and its shareholders. Losses could be greater than the original loan amount and occur years after the loans recovery. If a borrower becomes involved in bankruptcy proceedings, a court may invalidate the Funds security interest in any loan collateral or subordinate the Funds rights under the loan agreement to the interests of the borrowers unsecured creditors or cause interest previously paid to be refunded to the borrower. There are also other events, such as the failure to perfect a security interest due to faulty documentation or faulty official filings, which could lead to the invalidation of the Funds security interest in loan collateral. If any of these events occur, the Funds performance could be negatively affected. |
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Interests in loans generally are not listed on any national securities exchange or automated quotation system and no active market may exist for many loans, making them illiquid. As described below, a secondary market exists for many Senior Loans, but it may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods. |
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From time to time the investment adviser and its affiliates may borrow money from various banks in connection with their business activities. Such banks may also sell interests in loans to or acquire them from the Fund or may be intermediate participants with respect to loans in which the Fund owns interests. Such banks may also act as agents for loans held by the Fund. |
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To the extent that legislation or state or federal regulators that regulate certain financial institutions impose additional requirements or restrictions with respect to the ability of such institutions to make loans, particularly in connection with highly leveraged transactions, the availability of loans for investment may be adversely affected. Further, such legislation or regulation could depress the market value of loans. |
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For additional disclosures relating to Junior and Senior Loans, see Junior Loans and Senior Loans herein. |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
60
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Master Limited Partnerships (MLPs) |
MLPs are publicly-traded limited partnership interests or units. An MLP that invests in a particular industry (e.g., oil and gas) will be harmed by detrimental economic events within that industry. As partnerships, MLPs may be subject to less regulation (and less protection for investors) under state laws than corporations. In addition, MLPs may be subject to state taxation in certain jurisdictions, which may reduce the amount of income paid by an MLP to its investors. |
Mortgage-Backed Securities (MBS) |
MBS are pass through securities, meaning that a pro rata share of regular interest and principal payments, as well as unscheduled early prepayments, on the underlying mortgage pool is passed through monthly to the holder. MBS may include conventional mortgage pass through securities, participation interests in pools of adjustable and fixed rate mortgage loans, stripped mortgage-backed securities (described herein), floating rate mortgage-backed securities and certain classes of multiple class CMOs. MBS pay principal to the holder over their term, which differs from other forms of debt securities that normally provide for principal payment at maturity or specified call dates. MBS are subject to the general risks associated with investing in real estate securities; that is, they may lose value if the value of the underlying real estate to which a pool of mortgages relates declines. In addition, investments in MBS involve certain specific risks, including the failure of a party to meet its commitments under the related operative documents, adverse interest rate changes and the effects of prepayments on mortgage cash flows. Certain MBS may be purchased on a when-issued basis subject to certain limitations and requirements. |
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There are currently three types of MBS: (1) those issued by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities, such as the Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA), the Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC); (2) those issued by private issuers that represent an interest in or are collateralized by pass through securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities; and (3) those issued by private issuers that represent an interest in or are collateralized by whole mortgage loans or pass through securities without a government guarantee but that usually have some form of private credit enhancement. Privately issued MBS are structured similar to GNMA, FNMA and FHLMC MBS, and are issued by originators or and investors in mortgage loans, including depositary institutions mortgage banks and special purpose subsidiaries of the foregoing. |
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GNMA Certificates and FNMA Mortgage-Backed Certificates are MBS representing part ownership of a pool of mortgage loans. GNMA loans (issued by lenders such as mortgage bankers, commercial banks and savings and loan associations) are either insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the Veterans Administration. A pool of such mortgages is assembled and, after being approved by GNMA, is offered to investors through securities dealers. Once such pool is approved by GNMA, the timely payment of interest and principal on the Certificates issued representing such pool is guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. GNMA is a wholly owned U.S. Government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development. FNMA, a federally chartered corporation owned entirely by private stockholders, purchases both conventional and federally insured or guaranteed residential mortgages from various entities, including savings and loan associations, savings banks, commercial banks, credit unions and mortgage bankers, and packages pools of such mortgages in the form of pass-through securities generally called FNMA Mortgage-Backed Certificates, which are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by FNMA but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government; however, they are supported by the right of FNMA to borrow from the U.S. Treasury Department. |
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FHLMC, a corporate instrumentality of the U.S. Government created by Congress for the purposes of increasing the availability of mortgage credit for residential housing, issues participation certificates (PCs) representing undivided interest in FHLMCS mortgage portfolio. While FHLMC guarantees the timely payment of interest and ultimate collection of the principal of its PCs, its PCs are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. FHLMC PCs differ from GNMA Certificates in that the mortgages underlying the PCs are monthly conventional mortgages rather than mortgages insured or guaranteed by a federal agency or instrumentality. However, in several other respects, such as the monthly pass-through of interest and principal (including unscheduled prepayments) and the unpredictability of future unscheduled prepayments on the underlying mortgage pools, FHLMC PCs are similar to GNMA Certificates. See also Events Regarding FNMA and FHLMC herein. |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
61
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
62
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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MLOs and participations therein represent a type of financing that may not have the depth of marketability associated with more conventional securities and, as such, they may be less liquid than conventional securities. Certain MLOs may be deemed illiquid for the purpose of the Funds limitation on investments in illiquid securities, unless determined by the investment adviser, pursuant to guidelines adopted by the Board, to be liquid securities. The investment adviser will consider an MLO to be liquid if it is rated investment grade (being an MLO rated BBB or Baa or higher) by a nationally recognized statistical ratings organization or is insured by an insurer rated investment grade. If an MLO or participation does not meet the foregoing criteria, then the investment adviser will consider the MLO to be illiquid unless it conducts an analysis of relevant factors and concludes that the MLO is liquid. In conducting such an analysis, the investment adviser will consider the factors it believes are relevant to the marketability of the obligation, to the extent that information regarding such factor is available to the investment adviser and pertinent to the liquidity determination, which may include: (1) the willingness of dealers to bid for the obligation; (2) the number of dealers willing to purchase or sell the obligation and the number of other potential buyers; (3) the frequency of trades and quotes for the obligation; (4) the nature of the marketplace trades, including the time needed to dispose of the obligation, the method of soliciting offers, and the mechanics of transfer; (5) the willingness of the governmental issuer to continue to appropriate funds for the payment of the obligation; (6) how likely or remote an event of non-appropriation may be, which depends in varying degrees on a variety of factors, including those relating to the general creditworthiness of the governmental issuer, its dependence on its continuing access to the credit markets, and the importance to the issuer of the equipment, property or facility covered by the lease or contract; (7) an assessment of the likelihood that the lease may or may not be cancelled; and (8) other factors and information unique to the obligation in determining its liquidity. |
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The ability of issuers of MLOs to make timely lease payments may be adversely impacted in general economic downturns and as relative governmental cost burdens are allocated and reallocated among federal, state and local governmental units. Such non-payment would result in a reduction of income from and value of the obligation. Issuers of MLOs might seek protection under the bankruptcy laws. In the event of bankruptcy of such an issuer, holders of MLOs could experience delays and limitations with respect to the collection of principal and interest on such MLOs and may not, in all circumstances, be able to collect all principal and interest to which it is entitled. To enforce its rights in the event of a default in lease payments, the Fund might take possession of and manage the assets securing the issuers obligations on such securities or otherwise incur costs to protect its rights, which may increase the Funds operating expenses and adversely affect the net asset value of the Fund. When the lease contains a non-appropriation clause, however, the failure to pay would not be a default and the Fund would not have the right to take possession of the assets. Any income derived from the Funds ownership or operation of such assets may not be tax-exempt. |
Municipal Obligations |
Municipal obligations include debt obligations issued to obtain funds for various public purposes, including the construction of a wide range of public facilities, refunding of outstanding obligations and obtaining funds for general operating expenses and loans to other public institutions and facilities. Certain types of bonds are issued by or on behalf of public authorities to finance various privately owned or operated facilities, including certain facilities for the local furnishing of electric energy or gas, sewage facilities, solid waste disposal facilities and other specialized facilities. Municipal obligations include bonds as well as tax-exempt commercial paper, project notes and municipal notes such as tax, revenue and bond anticipation notes of short maturity, generally less than three years. While most municipal bonds pay a fixed rate of interest semiannually in cash, there are exceptions. Some bonds pay no periodic cash interest, but rather make a single payment at maturity representing both principal and interest. Some bonds may pay interest at a variable or floating rate. Bonds may be issued or subsequently offered with interest coupons materially greater or less than those then prevailing, with price adjustments reflecting such deviation. Municipal obligations also include trust certificates representing interests in municipal securities held by a trustee. The trust certificates may evidence ownership of future interest payments, principal payments or both on the underlying securities. |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
63
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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In general, there are three categories of municipal obligations, the interest on which is exempt from federal income tax and is not a tax preference item for purposes of the alternative minimum tax (AMT): (i) certain public purpose obligations (whenever issued), which include obligations issued directly by state and local governments or their agencies to fulfill essential governmental functions; (ii) certain obligations issued before August 8, 1986 for the benefit of non-governmental persons or entities; and (iii) certain private activity bonds issued after August 7, 1986, which include qualified Section 501(c)(3) bonds or refundings of certain obligations included in the second category. Opinions relating to the validity of municipal bonds, exclusion of municipal bond interest from an investors gross income for federal income tax purposes and, where applicable, state and local income tax, are rendered by bond counsel to the issuing authorities at the time of issuance. |
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Interest on certain private activity bonds issued after August 7, 1986 is exempt from regular federal income tax, but such interest (including a distribution by the Fund derived from such interest) is treated as a tax preference item that could subject the recipient to or increase the recipients liability for the AMT. For corporate shareholders, the Funds distributions derived from interest on all municipal obligations (whenever issued) are included in adjusted current earnings for purposes of the AMT as applied to corporations (to the extent not already included in alternative minimum taxable income as income attributable to private activity bonds). |
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The two principal classifications of municipal bonds are general obligation and revenue bonds. Issuers of general obligation bonds include states, counties, cities, towns and regional districts. The proceeds of these obligations are used to fund a wide range of public projects, including the construction or improvement of schools, highways and roads, water and sewer systems and a variety of other public purposes. The basic security of general obligation bonds is the issuers pledge of its faith, credit, and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest. The taxes that can be levied for the payment of debt service may be limited or unlimited as to rate and amount. |
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Typically, the only security for a limited obligation or revenue bond is the net revenue derived from a particular facility or class of facilities financed thereby or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a special tax or other special revenues. Revenue bonds have been issued to fund a wide variety of revenue-producing public capital projects including: electric, gas, water and sewer systems; highways, bridges and tunnels; port and airport facilities; colleges and universities; hospitals; and convention, recreational, tribal gaming and housing facilities. Although the security behind these bonds varies widely, many lower rated bonds provide additional security in the form of a debt service reserve fund that may also be used to make principal and interest payments on the issuer's obligations. In addition, some revenue obligations (as well as general obligations) are insured by a bond insurance company or backed by a letter of credit issued by a banking institution. Revenue bonds also include, for example, pollution control, health care and housing bonds, which, although nominally issued by municipal authorities, are generally not secured by the taxing power of the municipality but by the revenues of the authority derived from payments by the private entity that owns or operates the facility financed with the proceeds of the bonds. Obligations of housing finance authorities have a wide range of security features, including reserve funds and insured or subsidized mortgages, as well as the net revenues from housing or other public projects. Many of these bonds do not generally constitute the pledge of the credit of the issuer of such bonds. The credit quality of such revenue bonds is usually directly related to the credit standing of the user of the facility being financed or of an institution which provides a guarantee, letter of credit or other credit enhancement for the bond issue. The Fund may on occasion acquire revenue bonds that carry warrants or similar rights covering equity securities. Such warrants or rights may be held indefinitely, but if exercised, the Fund anticipates that it would, under normal circumstances, dispose of any equity securities so acquired within a reasonable period of time. Investing in revenue bonds may involve (without limitation) the following risks. |
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Hospital bond ratings are often based on feasibility studies that contain projections of expenses, revenues and occupancy levels. A hospitals income available to service its debt may be influenced by demand for hospital services, management capabilities, the service area economy, efforts by insurers and government agencies to limit rates and expenses, competition, availability and expense of malpractice insurance, and Medicaid and Medicare funding. |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
64
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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Education-related bonds are comprised of two types: (i) those issued to finance projects for public and private colleges and universities, charter schools and private schools, and (ii) those representing pooled interests in student loans. Bonds issued to supply educational institutions with funding are subject to many risks, including the risks of unanticipated revenue decline, primarily the result of decreasing student enrollment, decreasing state and federal funding, or changes in general economic conditions. Additionally, higher than anticipated costs associated with salaries, utilities, insurance or other general expenses could impair the ability of a borrower to make annual debt service payments. Student loan revenue bonds are generally offered by state (or sub-state) authorities or commissions and are backed by pools of student loans. Underlying student loans may be guaranteed by state guarantee agencies and may be subject to reimbursement by the United States Department of Education through its guaranteed student loan program. Others may be private, uninsured loans made to parents or students that may be supported by reserves or other forms of credit enhancement. Cash flows supporting student loan revenue bonds are impacted by numerous factors, including the rate of student loan defaults, seasoning of the loan portfolio, and student repayment deferral periods of forbearance. Other risks associated with student loan revenue bonds include potential changes in federal legislation regarding student loan revenue bonds, state guarantee agency reimbursement and continued federal interest and other program subsidies currently in effect. |
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Transportation debt may be issued to finance the construction of airports, toll roads, highways, or other transit facilities. Airport bonds are dependent on the economic conditions of the airports service area and may be affected by the business strategies and fortunes of specific airlines. They may also be subject to competition from other airports and modes of transportation. Air traffic generally follows broader economic trends and is also affected by the price and availability of fuel. Toll road bonds are also affected by the cost and availability of fuel as well as toll levels, the presence of competing roads and the general economic health of an area. Fuel costs, transportation taxes and fees, and availability of fuel also affect other transportation-related securities, as do the presence of alternate forms of transportation, such as public transportation. |
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Industrial development bonds are normally secured only by the revenues from the project and not by state or local government tax payments, they are subject to a wide variety of risks, many of which relate to the nature of the specific project. Generally, IDBs are sensitive to the risk of a slowdown in the economy. Electric utilities face problems in financing large construction programs in an inflationary period, cost increases and delay occasioned by safety and environmental considerations (particularly with respect to nuclear facilities), difficulty in obtaining fuel at reasonable prices, and in achieving timely and adequate rate relief from regulatory commissions, effects of energy conservation and limitations on the capacity of the capital market to absorb utility debt. Water and sewer revenue bonds are generally secured by the fees charged to each user of the service. The issuers of water and sewer revenue bonds generally enjoy a monopoly status and latitude in their ability to raise rates. However, lack of water supply due to insufficient rain, run-off, or snow pack can be a concern and has led to past defaults. Further, public resistance to rate increases, declining numbers of customers in a particular locale, costly environmental litigation, and federal environmental mandates are challenges faced by issuers of water and sewer bonds. |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
65
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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The obligations of any person or entity to pay the principal of and interest on a municipal obligation are subject to the provisions of bankruptcy, insolvency and other laws affecting the rights and remedies of creditors, such as the Federal Bankruptcy Act, and laws, if any, that may be enacted by Congress or state legislatures extending the time for payment of principal or interest, or both, or imposing other constraints upon enforcement of such obligations. Certain bond structures may be subject to the risk that a taxing authority may issue an adverse ruling regarding tax-exempt status. There is also the possibility that as a result of adverse economic conditions (including unforeseen financial events, natural disasters and other conditions that may affect an issuers ability to pay its obligations), litigation or other conditions, the power or ability of any person or entity to pay when due principal of and interest on a municipal obligation may be materially affected or interest and principal previously paid may be required to be refunded. There have been instances of defaults and bankruptcies involving municipal obligations that were not foreseen by the financial and investment communities. The Fund will take whatever action it considers appropriate in the event of anticipated financial difficulties, default or bankruptcy of either the issuer of any municipal obligation or of the underlying source of funds for debt service. Such action may include: (i) retaining the services of various persons or firms (including affiliates of the investment adviser) to evaluate or protect any real estate, facilities or other assets securing any such obligation or acquired by the Fund as a result of any such event; (ii) managing (or engaging other persons to manage) or otherwise dealing with any real estate, facilities or other assets so acquired; and (iii) taking such other actions as the adviser (including, but not limited to, payment of operating or similar expenses of the underlying project) may deem appropriate to reduce the likelihood or severity of loss on the funds investment. The Fund will incur additional expenditures in taking protective action with respect to portfolio obligations in (or anticipated to be in) default and assets securing such obligations. |
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Historically, municipal bankruptcies have been rare and certain provisions of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code governing such bankruptcy are unclear. Further, the application of state law to municipal obligation issuers could produce varying results among the states or among municipal obligation issuers within a state. These uncertainties could have a significant impact on the prices of the municipal obligations in which the Fund invests. There could be economic, business or political developments or court decisions that adversely affect all municipal obligations in the same sector. Developments such as changes in healthcare regulations, environmental considerations related to construction, construction cost increases and labor problems, failure of healthcare facilities to maintain adequate occupancy levels, and inflation can affect municipal obligations in the same sector. As the similarity in issuers of municipal obligations held by the Fund increases, the potential for fluctuations in the Funds share price also may increase. |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
66
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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The secondary market for some municipal obligations issued within a state (including issues that are privately placed with the Fund) is less liquid than that for taxable debt obligations or other more widely traded municipal obligations. No established resale market exists for certain of the municipal obligations in which the Fund may invest. The market for obligations rated below investment grade is also likely to be less liquid than the market for higher rated obligations. As a result, the Fund may be unable to dispose of these municipal obligations at times when it would otherwise wish to do so at the prices at which they are valued. Municipal obligations that are rated below investment grade but that, subsequent to the assignment of such rating, are backed by escrow accounts containing U.S. Government obligations may be determined by the investment adviser to be of investment grade quality for purposes of the Funds investment policies. In the case of a defaulted obligation, the Fund may incur additional expense seeking recovery of its investment. Defaulted obligations are denoted in the Portfolio of Investments in the Financial Statements included in the Funds reports to shareholders. The yields on municipal obligations depend on a variety of factors, including purposes of the issue and source of funds for repayment, general money market conditions, general conditions of the municipal bond market, size of a particular offering, maturity of the obligation and rating of the issue. The ratings of Moodys, S&P and Fitch represent their opinions as to the quality of the municipal obligations which they undertake to rate, and in the case of insurers, other factors including the claims-paying ability of such insurer. It should be emphasized, however, that ratings are based on judgment and are not absolute standards of quality. Consequently, municipal obligations with the same maturity, coupon and rating may have different yields while obligations of the same maturity and coupon with different ratings may have the same yield. In addition, the market price of such obligations will normally fluctuate with changes in interest rates, and therefore the net asset value of the Fund will be affected by such changes. |
Option Contracts |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. An option contract is a contract that gives the holder of the option, in return for a premium, the right to buy from (in the case of a call) or sell to (in the case of a put) the writer of the option the reference instrument underlying the option (or the cash value of the index) at a specified exercise price at any time during the term of the option. The writer of an option on a security has the obligation upon exercise of the option to deliver the reference instrument (or the cash) upon payment of the exercise price or to pay the exercise price upon delivery of the reference instrument (or the cash). Upon exercise of an index option, the writer of an option on an index is obligated to pay the difference between the cash value of the index and the exercise price multiplied by the specified multiplier for the index option. Options may be covered, meaning that the party required to deliver the reference instrument if the option is exercised owns that instrument (or has set aside sufficient assets to meet its obligation to deliver the instrument). Options may be listed on an exchange or traded in the OTC market. In general, exchange-traded options have standardized exercise prices and expiration dates and may require the parties to post margin against their obligations, and the performance of the parties' obligations in connection with such options is guaranteed by the exchange or a related clearing corporation. OTC options have more flexible terms negotiated between the buyer and the seller, but generally do not require the parties to post margin and are subject to counterparty risk. OTC options also involve greater liquidity risk. The staff of the SEC takes the position that certain purchased OTC options, and assets used as cover for written OTC options, are illiquid. Derivatives on economic indicators generally are offered in an auction format and are booked and settled as OTC options. Options on futures contracts are discussed herein under Futures Contracts. |
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If a written option expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital gain equal to the premium received at the time the option was written. If a purchased option expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital loss equal to the premium paid. Prior to the earlier of exercise or expiration, an exchange traded option may be closed out by an offsetting purchase or sale of an option of the same series (type, exchange, reference instrument, exercise price, and expiration). A capital gain will be realized from a closing purchase transaction if the cost of the closing option is less than the premium received from writing the option, or, if it is more, a capital loss will be realized. If the premium received from a closing sale transaction is more than the premium paid to purchase the option, the Fund will realize a capital gain or, if it is less, the Fund will realize a capital loss. The principal factors affecting the market value of a put or a call option include supply and demand, the current market price of the reference instrument in relation to the exercise price of the option, the volatility of the reference instrument, and the time remaining until the expiration date. There can be no assurance that a closing purchase or sale transaction can be consummated when desired. |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
67
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
68
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
The Fund may invest in pooled investment vehicles including other open-end or closed-end investment companies affiliated or unaffiliated with the investment adviser, exchange-traded funds (described herein) and other collective investment pools in accordance with the requirements of the 1940 Act. Closed-end investment company securities are usually traded on an exchange. The demand for a closed-end funds securities is independent of the demand for the underlying portfolio assets, and accordingly, such securities can trade at a discount from, or a premium over, their net asset value. The Fund generally will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any management fees paid by a pooled investment vehicle in which it invests in addition to the investment advisory fee paid by the Fund. |
Portfolio Turnover |
A change in the securities held by the Fund is known as portfolio turnover and generally involves expense to the Fund, including brokerage commissions or dealer markups and other transaction costs on both the sale of securities and the reinvestment of the proceeds in other securities. If sales of portfolio securities cause the Fund to realize net short-term capital gains, such gains will be taxable as ordinary income to taxable shareholders. The Funds portfolio turnover rate for a fiscal year is the ratio of the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio securities to the monthly average of the value of portfolio securities − excluding securities whose maturities at acquisition were one year or less. The Fund's portfolio turnover rate is not a limiting factor when the investment adviser considers a change in the Fund's portfolio holdings. The portfolio turnover rate(s) of the Fund for recent fiscal periods is included in the Financial Highlights in the Prospectus. |
Preferred Securities |
Preferred securities represent an equity ownership interest in the issuing corporation that has a higher claim on the assets and earnings than common stock. Preferred securities generally have a dividend that must be paid out before dividends to common stockholders and the shares usually do not have voting rights. Preferred securities involve credit risk, which is the risk that a preferred security will decline in price, or fail to pay dividends when expected, because the issuer experiences a decline in its financial status. Preferred securities may be convertible to common stock in some cases. While a part of an issuers equity structure, preferred securities may be deemed to be fixed-income securities for purposes of the Funds investment restrictions. |
Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) |
Securities of companies in the real estate industry, such as REITs, are sensitive to factors, such as changes in: real estate values, property taxes, interest rates, cash flow of underlying real estate assets, occupancy rates, government regulations affecting zoning, land use, and rents, and the management skill and creditworthiness of the issuer. Companies in the real estate industry may also be subject to liabilities under environmental and hazardous waste laws, among others. Changes in underlying real estate values may have a magnified effect to the extent that REITs concentrate investments in particular geographic regions or property types. Investments in REITs may also be adversely affected by rising interest rates. By investing in REITs, the Fund indirectly will bear REIT expenses in addition to its own expenses. |
Repurchase Agreements |
Repurchase agreements involve the purchase of a security coupled with an agreement to resell at a specified date and price. In the event of the bankruptcy of the counterparty to a repurchase agreement, recovery of cash may be delayed. To the extent that, in the meantime, the value of the purchased securities may have decreased, a loss could result. Repurchase agreements that mature in more than seven days will be treated as illiquid. Unless the Prospectus states otherwise, the terms of a repurchase agreement will provide that the value of the collateral underlying the repurchase agreement will always be at least equal to the repurchase price, including any accrued interest earned on the agreement, and will be marked to market daily. |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
69
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Residual Interest Bonds |
The Fund may invest in residual interest bonds in a trust that holds municipal securities. The interest rate payable on a residual interest bond bears an inverse relationship to the interest rate on another security issued by the trust. Because changes in the interest rate on the other security inversely affect the interest paid on the residual interest bond, the value and income of a residual interest bond is generally more volatile than that of a fixed rate bond. Residual interest bonds have interest rate adjustment formulas that generally reduce or, in the extreme, eliminate the interest paid to the Fund when short-term interest rates rise, and increase the interest paid to the Fund when short-term interest rates fall. Residual interest bonds have varying degrees of liquidity, and the market for these securities is relatively volatile. These securities tend to underperform the market for fixed rate bonds in a rising long-term interest rate environment, but tend to outperform the market for fixed rate bonds when long-term interest rates decline. Although volatile, residual interest bonds typically offer the potential for yields exceeding the yields available on fixed rate bonds with comparable credit quality and maturity. These securities usually permit the investor to convert the floating rate to a fixed rate (normally adjusted downward), and this optional conversion feature may provide a partial hedge against rising rates if exercised at an opportune time. While residual interest bonds expose the Fund to leverage risk because they provide two or more dollars of bond market exposure for every dollar invested, they are not subject to the Funds restrictions on borrowings. Under certain circumstances, the Fund may enter into a so-called shortfall and forbearance agreement with the sponsor of a residual interest bond held by the Fund. Such agreements commit the Fund to reimburse the sponsor of such residual interest bond, upon the termination of the trust issuing the residual interest bond, the difference between the liquidation value of the underlying security (which is the basis of the residual interest bond) and the principal amount due to the holders of the floating rate security issued in conjunction with the residual interest bond. Absent a shortfall and forbearance agreement, the Fund would not be required to make such a reimbursement. If the Fund chooses not to enter into such an agreement, the residual interest bond could be terminated and the Fund could incur a loss. The Funds investments in residual interest bonds and similar securities described in the Prospectus and this SAI will not be considered borrowing for purposes of the Funds restrictions on borrowing described herein and in the Prospectus. |
Reverse Repurchase Agreements |
Under a reverse repurchase agreement, the Fund temporarily transfers possession of a portfolio instrument to another party, such as a bank or broker-dealer, in return for cash. At the same time, the Fund agrees to repurchase the instrument at an agreed upon time (normally within seven days) and price, which reflects an interest payment. The Fund may enter into a reverse repurchase agreement for various purposes, including, but not limited to, when it is able to invest the cash acquired at a rate higher than the cost of the agreement or as a means of raising cash to satisfy redemption requests without the necessity of selling portfolio assets. In a reverse repurchase agreement, any fluctuations in the market value of either the securities transferred to another party or the securities in which the proceeds may be invested would affect the market value of the Funds assets. As a result, such transactions may increase fluctuations in the value of the Fund. Because reverse repurchase agreements may be considered to be the practical equivalent of borrowing funds, they constitute a form of leverage. Such agreements will be treated as subject to investment restrictions regarding borrowings. If the Fund reinvests the proceeds of a reverse repurchase agreement at a rate lower than the cost of the agreement, entering into the agreement will lower the Funds yield. |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
70
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Rights and Warrants |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. A right is a privilege granted to existing shareholders of a corporation to subscribe for shares of a new issue of common stock before it is issued. Rights normally have a short life, usually two to four weeks, are freely transferable and entitle the holder to buy the new common stock at a lower price than the public offering price. Warrants are securities that are typically issued together with a debt security or preferred stock and that give the holder the right to buy a proportionate amount of common stock at a specified price. Warrants are freely transferable and are often traded on major exchanges. Unlike rights, warrants normally have a life that is measured in years and entitle the holder to buy common stock of a company at a price that is usually higher than the market price at the time the warrant is issued. Corporations often issue warrants to make the accompanying debt security more attractive. Warrants and rights may entail greater risks than certain other types of investments. Generally, rights and warrants do not carry the right to receive dividends or exercise voting rights with respect to the underlying securities, and they do not represent any rights in the assets of the issuer. In addition, their value does not necessarily change with the value of the underlying securities, and they cease to have value if they are not exercised on or before their expiration date. If the market price of the underlying stock does not exceed the exercise price during the life of the warrant or right, the warrant or right will expire worthless. (Canadian special warrants issued in private placements prior to a public offering are not considered warrants.) |
Royalty Bonds |
To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may invest in royalty bonds. |
Securities Lending |
The Fund may lend its portfolio securities to major banks, broker-dealers and other financial institutions in compliance with the 1940 Act. No lending may be made with any companies affiliated with the investment adviser. These loans earn income and are collateralized by cash, securities or letters of credit. The Fund may realize a loss if it is not able to invest cash collateral at rates higher than the costs to enter into the loan. When the loan is closed, the lender is obligated to return the collateral to the borrower. The lender could suffer a loss if the value of the collateral is below the market value of the borrowed securities or if the borrower defaults on the loan. The lender may pay reasonable finders, lending agent, administrative and custodial fees in connection with its loans. The investment adviser may instruct the securities lending agent to terminate loans and recall securities with voting rights so that the securities may be voted in accordance with the Funds proxy voting policy and procedures if deemed appropriate to do so. See Taxes for information on the tax treatment of payments in lieu of dividends received pursuant to securities lending arrangements. |
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Cash collateral received by the Fund in respect of loaned securities is invested in Eaton Vance Cash Collateral Fund, LLC (Cash Collateral Fund), a privately offered investment company holding high quality, U.S. dollar-denominated money market instruments. The investment objective of Cash Collateral Fund is to provide as high a rate of income as may be consistent with preservation of capital and maintenance of liquidity. Although not a registered money market mutual fund, Cash Collateral Fund conducts all of its investment activities in accordance with the requirements of Rule 2a-7 under the 1940 Act. There can be no assurance that Cash Collateral Fund will be able to maintain a stable net asset value and the Fund could experience a loss of its invested collateral. Cash Collateral Fund invests in high quality, U.S. dollar-denominated money market instruments of domestic and foreign issuers, including U.S. Government securities and prime commercial paper. When appropriate, Cash Collateral Fund may also invest in other high-grade, short-term obligations, including certificates of deposit, bankers acceptances and other short-term securities issued by domestic or foreign banks or their subsidiaries or branches. Cash Collateral Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued basis and for future delivery by means of forward commitments. Cash Collateral Fund may enter into repurchase agreements. Cash Collateral Fund may invest without limit in U.S. dollar-denominated obligations of foreign issuers, including foreign banks. Cash Collateral Fund does not limit the amount of its assets that can be invested in one type of instrument or in any foreign country. Information about the portfolio holdings of Cash Collateral Fund is available on request. As compensation for its services as manager, Eaton Vance is paid a fee at a rate of 0.08% annually of the average daily net assets of Cash Collateral Fund. Eaton Vance pays all of Cash Collateral Funds custody, audit and other ordinary operating expenses, excluding extraordinary, non-recurring items such as expenses incurred in connection with litigation, proceedings, claims and reorganization expenses. Payments to Eaton Vance for managing Cash Collateral Fund are in addition to the investment advisory fee paid by the Fund. |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
71
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Securities with Equity and Debt Characteristics |
Securities may have a combination of equity and debt characteristics. These securities may at times behave more like equity than debt or vice versa. Some types of convertible bonds, preferred stocks or other preferred securities automatically convert into common stocks or other securities at a stated conversion ratio and some may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a predetermined price. These securities, prior to conversion, may pay a fixed rate of interest or a dividend. Because convertible securities have both debt and equity characteristics, their values vary in response to many factors, including the values of the securities into which they are convertible, general market and economic conditions, and convertible market valuations, as well as changes in interest rates, credit spreads and the credit quality of the issuer. The prices and yields of nonconvertible preferred securities or preferred stocks generally move with changes in interest rates and the issuers credit quality, similar to the factors affecting debt securities. If these securities are ranked at the bottom of an issuers debt capital structure, they may be more sensitive to economic changes than more senior debt securities. These securities may also be viewed as more equity-like by the market when the issuer or its parent company experience financial problems. |
Senior Loans |
Senior Loans are loans that are senior in repayment priority to other debt of the borrower. Senior Loans generally pay interest that floats, adjusts or varies periodically based on benchmark indicators, specified adjustment schedules or prevailing interest rates. Senior Loans are often secured by specific assets or collateral, although they may not be secured by collateral. A Senior Loan is typically originated, negotiated and structured by a U.S. or foreign commercial bank, insurance company, finance company or other financial institution (the Agent) for a group of loan investors (Loan Investors), generally referred to as a syndicate. The Agent typically administers and enforces the Senior Loan on behalf of the Loan Investors in the syndicate. In addition, an institution, typically but not always the Agent, holds any collateral on behalf of the Loan Investors. Loan interests primarily take the form of assignments purchased in the primary or secondary market. Loan interests may also take the form of participation interests in, or novations of, a Senior Loan. Senior Loans primarily include senior floating rate loans and secondarily senior floating rate debt obligations (including those issued by an asset-backed pool), and interests therein. |
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Loan Collateral. Borrowers generally will, for the term of the Senior Loan, pledge collateral to secure their obligation. In addition Senior Loans may be guaranteed by or secured by assets of the borrowers owners or affiliates. During the term of the Senior Loan, the value of collateral securing the Loan may decline in value, causing the Loan to be under-collateralized. Collateral may consist of assets that may not be readily liquidated, and there is no assurance that the liquidation of such assets would satisfy fully a borrowers obligations under a Senior Loan. In addition, if a Senior Loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become part owner of the collateral and would bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of such collateral. |
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Fees. The Fund may receive a facility fee when it buys a Senior Loan, and pay a facility fee when it sells a Senior Loan. On an ongoing basis, the Fund may receive a commitment fee based on the undrawn portion of the underlying line of credit portion of a Senior Loan. In certain circumstances, the Fund may receive a prepayment penalty fee upon the prepayment of a Senior Loan by a borrower or an amendment fee. |
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Loan Administration. In a typical Senior Loan, the Agent administers the terms of the loan agreement and is responsible for the collection of principal, and interest payments from the borrower and the apportionment of these payments to the Loan Investors. Failure by the Agent to fulfill its obligations may delay or adversely affect receipt of payment by the Fund. Furthermore, unless under the terms of a loan agreement or participation (as applicable) the Fund has direct recourse against the borrower, the Fund must rely on the Agent and the other Loan Investors to use appropriate remedies against the borrower. The Agent is typically responsible for monitoring compliance with covenants contained in the loan agreement based upon reports prepared by the borrower. The typical practice of an Agent or a Loan Investor in relying exclusively or primarily on reports from the borrower may involve the risk of fraud by the borrower. It is unclear whether an investment in a Senior Loan offers the securities law protections against fraud and misrepresentation. |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
72
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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A financial institutions appointment as Agent may usually be terminated in the event that it fails to observe the requisite standard of care or becomes insolvent. A successor Agent would generally be appointed to replace the terminated Agent, and assets held by the Agent under the Loan Agreement should remain available to holders of Senior Loans. However, if assets held by the Agent for the benefit of the Fund were determined to be subject to the claims of the Agents general creditors, the Fund might incur certain costs and delays in realizing payment on a Senior Loan, or suffer a loss of principal and/or interest. In situations involving other Interposed Persons, similar risks may arise. |
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Additional Information. The Fund may purchase and retain in its portfolio a Senior Loan where the borrower has experienced, or may be perceived to be likely to experience, credit problems, including involvement in or recent emergence from bankruptcy reorganization proceedings or other forms of debt restructuring. While such investments may provide opportunities for enhanced income as well as capital appreciation, they generally involve greater risk and may be considered speculative. The Fund may from time to time participate in ad-hoc committees formed by creditors to negotiate with the management of financially troubled borrowers. The Fund may incur legal fees as a result of such participation. In addition, such participation may restrict the Funds ability to trade in or acquire additional positions in a particular security when it might otherwise desire to do so. Participation by the Fund also may expose the Fund to potential liabilities under bankruptcy or other laws governing the rights of creditors and debtors. The Fund will participate in such committees only when the investment adviser believes that such participation is necessary or desirable to enforce the Funds rights as a creditor or to protect the value of a Senior Loan held by the Fund. |
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In some instances, other accounts managed by the investment adviser may hold other securities issued by borrowers the Senior Loans of which may be held by the Fund. These other securities may include, for example, debt securities that are subordinate to the Senior Loans held by the Fund, convertible debt or common or preferred equity securities. In certain circumstances, such as if the credit quality of the borrower deteriorates, the interests of holders of these other securities may conflict with the interests of the holders of the borrowers Senior Loans. In such cases, the investment adviser may owe conflicting fiduciary duties to the Fund and other client accounts. The investment adviser will endeavor to carry out its obligations to all of its clients to the fullest extent possible, recognizing that in some cases, certain clients may achieve a lower economic return, as a result of these conflicting client interests, than if the investment advisers client accounts collectively held only a single category of the issuers securities. |
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The Fund may acquire warrants and other equity securities as part of a unit combining a Senior Loan and equity securities of a borrower or its affiliates. The Fund may also acquire equity securities or debt securities (including non-dollar denominated debt securities) issued in exchange for a Senior Loan or issued in connection with the debt restructuring or reorganization of a borrower, or if such acquisition, in the judgment of the investment adviser, may enhance the value of a Senior Loan or would otherwise be consistent with the Funds investment policies. |
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For Floating Rate Portfolio, Senior Portfolio and VT Floating-Rate Income Fund only: The Fund will acquire participations only if the Loan Investor selling the participation, and any other persons interpositioned between the Fund and the Loan Investor (an Interposed Person), at the time of investment, has outstanding debt or deposit obligations rated investment grade (BBB or A-3 or higher by S&P or Baa or P- 3 or higher by Moodys or comparably rated by another nationally recognized statistical ratings organization) or determined by the investment adviser to be of comparable quality. |
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For additional disclosure relating to investing in loans (including Senior Loans), see Loans above. |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
73
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Short Sales |
Short sales are transactions in which a party sells a security it does not own in anticipation of a decline in the market value of that security. To complete such a transaction, the party must borrow the security to make delivery to the buyer. When the party is required to return the borrowed security, it typically will purchase the security in the open market. The price at such time may be more or less than the price at which the party sold the security. Until the security is replaced, the party is required to repay the lender any dividends or interest, which accrues during the period of the loan. To borrow the security, it also may be required to pay a premium, which would increase the cost of the security sold. The net proceeds of the short sale will be retained by the broker, to the extent necessary to meet margin requirements, until the short position is closed out. Transaction costs are incurred in effecting short sales. A short seller will incur a loss as a result of a short sale if the price of the security increases between the date of the short sale and the date on which it replaces the borrowed security. A gain will be realized if the price of the security declines in price between those dates. The amount of any gain will be decreased, and the amount of any loss increased, by the amount of the premium, dividends or interest the short seller may be required to pay, if any, in connection with a short sale. Short sales may be against the box or uncovered. In a short sale against the box, at the time of the sale, the short seller owns or has the immediate and unconditional right to acquire the identical security at no additional cost. In an uncovered short sale, the short seller does not own the underlying security and, as such, losses from uncovered short sales may be significant. The Fund may sell short securities representing an index or basket of securities whose constituents the Fund holds in whole or in part. A short sale of an index or basket of securities will be a covered short sale if the underlying index or basket of securities is the same or substantially identical to securities held by the Fund. Use of short sales is limited by the Funds non-fundamental restriction relating thereto. |
Short-Term Trading |
Fixed-income securities may be sold in anticipation of market decline (a rise in interest rates) or purchased in anticipation of a market rise (a decline in interest rates) and later sold. In addition, such a security may be sold and another purchased at approximately the same time to take advantage of what is believed to be a temporary disparity in the normal yield relationship between the two securities. Yield disparities may occur for reasons not directly related to the investment quality of particular issues or the general movement of interest rates, such as changes in the overall demand for or supply of various types of fixed-income securities or changes in the investment objectives of investors. |
Smaller Companies |
The investment risk associated with smaller companies is higher than that normally associated with larger, more established companies due to the greater business risks associated with small size, the relative age of the company, limited product lines, distribution channels and financial and managerial resources. Further, there is typically less publicly available information concerning smaller companies than for larger companies. The securities of small companies are often traded only over-the-counter and may not be traded in the volumes typical of trading on a national securities exchange. As a result, stocks of smaller companies are often more volatile than those of larger companies, which are often traded on a national securities exchange. |
Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities (SMBS) |
SMBS are multiclass mortgage securities. SMBS commonly involve two classes of securities that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions on a pool of mortgage assets. A common type of SMBS will have one class receiving most of the interest from the mortgages, while the other class will receive most of the principal. In the most extreme case, the interest only class receives all of the interest while the principal only class receives the entire principal. The yield to maturity on an interest only class is extremely sensitive to the rate of principal payments (including pre-payments) on the related underlying mortgage assets, and a rapid rate of principal payments may have a material adverse effect on the yield to maturity from these securities. If the underlying mortgages experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the initial investment in these securities may not be recouped. Although the market for such securities is increasingly liquid, certain SMBS may not be readily marketable and will be considered illiquid. The market value of the class consisting entirely of principal payments generally is unusually volatile in response to changes in interest rates. The yields on a class of SMBS that receives all or most of the interest from mortgages are generally higher than prevailing market yields on other MBS because their cash flow patterns are more volatile and there is a greater risk that the initial investment will not be fully recouped. |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
74
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Structured Notes |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Structured notes are derivative debt instruments, the interest rate or principal of which is determined by an unrelated indicator (for example, a currency, security, commodity or index thereof). The terms of the instrument may be structured by the purchaser and the borrower issuing the note. Indexed securities may include structured notes as well as securities other than debt securities, the interest rate or principal of which is determined by an unrelated indicator. Indexed securities may include a multiplier that multiplies the indexed element by a specified factor and, therefore, the value of such securities may be very volatile. The terms of structured notes and indexed securities may provide that in certain circumstances no principal is due at maturity, which may result in a loss of invested capital. Structured notes and indexed securities may be positively or negatively indexed, so that appreciation of the unrelated indicator may produce an increase or a decrease in the interest rate or the value of the structured note or indexed security at maturity may be calculated as a specified multiple of the change in the value of the unrelated indicator. Structured notes and indexed securities may entail a greater degree of market risk than other types of investments because the investor bears the risk of the unrelated indicator. Structured notes or indexed securities also may be more volatile, less liquid, and more difficult to accurately price than less complex securities and instruments or more traditional debt securities. |
Swap Agreements |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Swap agreements are two-party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a few weeks to more than one year. In a standard swap transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on a particular predetermined reference instrument or instruments, which can be adjusted for an interest rate factor. The gross returns to be exchanged or swapped between the parties are generally calculated with respect to a notional amount ( i.e. , the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate or in a basket of securities representing a particular index). Other types of swap agreements may calculate the obligations of the parties to the agreement on a net basis. Consequently, a partys current obligations (or rights) under a swap agreement will generally be equal only to the net amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the net amount). |
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Whether the use of swap agreements will be successful will depend on the investment adviser's ability to predict correctly whether certain types of reference instruments are likely to produce greater returns than other instruments. Swap agreements may be subject to contractual restrictions on transferability and termination and they may have terms of greater than seven days. The Funds obligations under a swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owed to the Fund under the swap). Developments in the swaps market, including government regulation, could adversely affect the Funds ability to terminate existing swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements, as well as to participate in swap agreements in the future. If there is a default by the counterparty to a swap, the Fund will have contractual remedies pursuant to the swap agreement, but any recovery may be delayed depending on the circumstances of the default. |
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The swaps market was largely unregulated prior to the enactment of federal legislation known as the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the Dodd-Frank Act), which was enacted in 2010 in response to turmoil in the financial markets and other market events. Among other things, the Dodd-Frank Act sets forth a new regulatory framework for certain OTC derivatives, such as swaps, in which the Fund may invest. The Dodd-Frank Act requires many swap transactions to be executed on registered exchanges or through swap execution facilities, cleared through a regulated clearinghouse, and publicly reported. In addition, many market participants are now regulated as swap dealers or major swap participants, and are, or will be, subject to certain minimum capital and margin requirements and business conduct standards. The statutory requirements of the Dodd-Frank Act are being implemented primarily through rules and regulations adopted by the SEC and/or the CFTC. There is a prescribed phase-in period during which most of the mandated rulemaking and regulations are being implemented, and temporary exemptions from certain rules and regulations have been granted so that current trading practices will not be unduly disrupted during the transition period. |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
75
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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Currently, central clearing is only required for certain market participants trading certain instruments, although central clearing for additional instruments is expected to be implemented by the CFTC until the majority of the swaps market is ultimately subject to central clearing. In addition, uncleared OTC swaps will be subject to regulatory collateral requirements that could adversely affect the Funds ability to enter into swaps in the OTC market. These developments could cause the Fund to terminate new or existing swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such instruments at an inopportune time. Until the mandated rulemaking and regulations are implemented completely, it will not be possible to determine the complete impact of the Dodd-Frank Act and related regulations on the Fund, and the establishment of a centralized exchange or market for swap transactions may not result in swaps being easier to value or trade. However, it is expected that swap dealers, major market participants, and swap counterparties will experience other new and/or additional regulations, requirements, compliance burdens, and associated costs. The legislation and rules to be promulgated may exert a negative effect on the Funds ability to meet its investment objective, either through limits or requirements imposed on the Fund or its counterparties. The swap market could be disrupted or limited as a result of the legislation, and the new requirements may increase the cost of the Funds investments and of doing business, which could adversely affect the ability of the Fund to buy or sell OTC derivatives. |
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Swap agreements include (but are not limited to): |
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Currency Swaps. Currency swaps involve the exchange of the rights of the parties to make or receive payments in specified currencies. Because currency swaps usually involve the delivery of the entire principal value of one designated currency in exchange for the other designated currency, the entire principal value of a currency swap is subject to the risk that the other party to the swap will default on its contractual delivery obligations. If the investment adviser is incorrect in its forecasts of market value and currency exchange rates, performance may be adversely affected. |
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Equity Swaps. An equity swap is an agreement in which at least one partys payments are based on the rate of return of an equity security or equity index, such as the S&P 500. The other partys payments can be based on a fixed rate, a non-equity variable rate, or even a different equity index. The Fund may enter into equity index swaps on a net basis pursuant to which the future cash flows from two reference instruments are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two. |
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Credit Default Swaps. Under a credit default swap agreement, the protection buyer in a credit default contract is generally obligated to pay the protection seller an upfront or a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract, provided that no credit event, such as a default, on a reference instrument has occurred. If a credit event occurs, the seller generally must pay the buyer the par value (full notional value) of the reference instrument in exchange for an equal face amount of the reference instrument described in the swap, or the seller may be required to deliver the related net cash amount, if the swap is cash settled. If the Fund is a buyer and no credit event occurs, the Fund may recover nothing if the swap is held through its termination date. As a seller, the Fund generally receives an upfront payment or a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the swap provided that there is no credit event. As the seller, the Fund would effectively add leverage to its portfolio because, in addition to its total net assets, the Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. The determination of a credit event under the swap agreement will depend on the terms of the agreement and may rely on the decision of persons that are not a party to the agreement. The Funds obligations under a credit default swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owed to the Fund). |
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Inflation Swaps. Inflation swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive interest, e.g., an exchange of fixed rate payments for floating rate payments or an exchange of floating rate payments based on two different reference indices. By design, one of the reference indices is an inflation index, such as the Consumer Price Index. Inflation swaps can be designated as zero coupon, where both sides of the swap compound interest over the life of the swap and then the accrued interest is paid out only at the swaps maturity. |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
76
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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Total Return Swaps. Total return swap agreements are contracts in which one party agrees to make periodic payments to another party based on the change in market value of the assets underlying the contract, which may include a specified security, basket of securities or securities indices during the specified period, in return for periodic payments based on a fixed or variable interest rate or the total return from other underlying assets. Total return swap agreements may be used to obtain exposure to a security or market without owning or taking physical custody of such security or investing directly in such market. Total return swap agreements may effectively add leverage to the Funds portfolio because, in addition to its total net assets, the Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. Generally, the Fund will enter into total return swaps on a net basis (i.e., the two payment streams are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments). The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Funds obligations over its entitlements with respect to each total return swap will be accrued on a daily basis. If the total return swap transaction is entered into on other than a net basis, the full amount of the Funds obligations will be accrued on a daily basis, and the full amount of the Funds obligations will be segregated by the Fund in an amount equal to or greater than the market value of the liabilities under the total return swap or the amount it would have cost the Fund initially to make an equivalent direct investment, plus or minus any amount the Fund is obligated to pay or is to receive under the total return swap agreement. |
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Interest Rate Swaps, Caps and Floors. Interest rate swaps are OTC contracts in which each party agrees to make a periodic interest payment based on an index or the value of an asset in return for a periodic payment from the other party based on a different index or asset. The purchase of an interest rate floor entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index falls below a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a notional principal amount from the party selling such interest rate floor. The purchase of an interest rate cap entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index rises above a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a notional principal amount from the party selling such interest rate cap. The Fund usually will enter into interest rate swap transactions on a net basis (i.e., the two payment streams are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments). The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Funds obligations over its entitlements with respect to each interest rate swap will be accrued on a daily basis. If the interest rate swap transaction is entered into on other than a net basis, the full amount of the Funds obligations will be accrued on a daily basis. Certain federal income tax requirements may limit the Funds ability to engage in certain interest rate transactions. |
Swaptions |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. A swaption is a contract that gives a counterparty the right (but not the obligation) in return for payment of a premium, to enter into a new swap agreement or to shorten, extend, cancel or otherwise modify an existing swap agreement, at some designated future time on specified terms. The Fund may write (sell) and purchase put and call swaptions. Depending on the terms of the particular option agreement, the Fund will generally incur a greater degree of risk when it writes a swaption than it will incur when it purchases a swaption. When the Fund purchases a swaption, it risks losing only the amount of the premium it has paid should it decide to let the option expire unexercised. However, when the Fund writes a swaption, upon exercise of the option the Fund will become obligated according to the terms of the underlying agreement. |
Tax-Managed Investing |
Taxes are a major influence on the net returns that investors receive on their taxable investments. There are four components of the returns of a mutual fund that invests in equities that are treated differently for federal income tax purposes: price appreciation, distributions of qualified dividend income, distributions of other investment income, and distributions of realized short-term and long-term capital gains. Distributions of income other than qualified dividend income and distributions of net realized short-term gains (on stocks held for one year or less) are taxed as ordinary income. Distributions of qualified dividend income and net realized long-term gains (on stocks held for more than one year) are currently taxed at rates up to 20%. The Funds investment program and the tax treatment of Fund distributions may be affected by IRS interpretations of the Code and future changes in tax laws and regulations. Returns derived from price appreciation are untaxed until the shareholder disposes of his or her shares. Upon disposition, a capital gain (short-term, if the shareholder has held his or her shares for one year or less, otherwise long-term) equal to the difference between the net proceeds of the disposition and the shareholders adjusted tax basis is realized. |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
77
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Trust Certificates |
Trust certificates are investments in a limited purpose trust or other vehicle formed under state law. Trust certificates in turn invest in instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps, preferred securities and other securities, in order to customize the risk/return profile of a particular security. Like an investment in a bond, investments in trust certificates represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in the form of distributions) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the certificate. However, these payments are conditioned on the trusts receipt of payments from, and the trusts potential obligations to, the counterparties to the derivative instruments and other securities in which the trust invests. Investments in these instruments are indirectly subject to the risks associated with derivative instruments, including, among others, credit risk, default or similar event risk, counterparty risk, interest rate risk, leverage risk and management risk. It is expected that the trusts that issue credit-linked trust certificates will constitute private investment companies, exempt from registration under the 1940 Act. Although the trusts are typically private investment companies, they are generally not actively managed. It is also expected that the certificates will be exempt from registration under the 1933 Act. Accordingly, there may be no established trading market for the certificates and they may constitute illiquid investments. |
U.S. Government Securities |
U.S. Government securities include: (1) U.S. Treasury obligations, which differ in their interest rates, maturities and times of issuance, including: U.S. Treasury bills (maturities of one year or less); U.S. Treasury notes (maturities of one year to ten years); and U.S. Treasury bonds (generally maturities of greater than ten years); and (2) obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies and instrumentalities, which are supported by any of the following: (a) the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury; (b) the right of the issuer to borrow an amount limited to a specific line of credit from the U.S. Treasury; (c) discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase certain obligations of the U.S. Government agency or instrumentality; or (d) the credit of the agency or instrumentality. U.S. Government securities also include any other security or agreement collateralized or otherwise secured by U.S. Government securities. Agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. Government include but are not limited to: Farmers Home Administration, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Federal Housing Administration, Federal Land Banks, Federal Financing Bank, Central Bank for Cooperatives, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, Farm Credit Bank System, Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, Federal National Mortgage Association, General Services Administration, Government National Mortgage Association, Student Loan Marketing Association, United States Postal Service, Maritime Administration, Small Business Administration, Tennessee Valley Authority, Washington D.C. Armory Board and any other enterprise established or sponsored by the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government generally is not obligated to provide support to its instrumentalities. The principal of and/or interest on certain U.S. Government securities could be: (a) payable in foreign currencies rather than U.S. dollars; or (b) increased or diminished as a result of changes in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to the value of foreign currencies. The value of such portfolio securities denominated in foreign currencies may be affected favorably by changes in the exchange rate between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. For additional information about Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation and Federal National Mortgage Association, see Events Regarding FNMA and FHLMC herein. |
Unlisted Securities |
Unlisted securities are neither listed on a stock exchange nor traded over-the-counter. Unlisted securities may include investments in new and early stage companies, which may involve a high degree of business and financial risk that can result in substantial losses and may be considered speculative. Such securities will generally be deemed to be illiquid. Because of the absence of any public trading market for these investments, it may take longer to liquidate these positions than would be the case for publicly traded securities. Although these securities may be resold in privately negotiated transactions, the prices realized from these sales could be less than those originally paid or less than what may be considered the fair value of such securities. Furthermore, issuers whose securities are not publicly traded may not be subject to public disclosure and other investor protection requirements applicable to publicly traded securities. If such securities are required to be registered under the securities laws of one or more jurisdictions before being resold, the Fund may be required to bear the expenses of registration. In addition, in foreign jurisdictions any capital gains realized on the sale of such securities may be subject to higher rates of foreign taxation than taxes payable on the sale of listed securities. |
Utility and Financial Service Companies |
To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may concentrate its investments in utility and/or financial services companies. |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
78
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
79
SAI dated May 1, 2014
APPENDIX A
Class A Fees, Performance & Ownership
Sales Charges and Distribution and Service Fees.
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the following table shows (1) total sales charges paid by the Fund, (2) sales charges paid to financial intermediaries, (3) sales charges paid to the principal underwriter, (4) CDSC payments to the principal underwriter, (5) distribution and service fees paid to the principal underwriter under the Distribution Plan and (6) service fees paid to financial intermediaries. Distribution and service fees that were not paid to financial intermediaries were retained by the principal underwriter.
Total Sales
|
Sales Charges to
|
Sales Charges to
|
CDSC Paid to
|
Total Distribution
|
Service Fees Paid
|
$82,483 |
$68,704 |
$13,779 |
$3,000 |
$554,970 |
$441,606 |
For the fiscal years ended December 31,
2012
and December 31,
2011
, total sales charges of $
153,932 and $
434,156
, respectively, were paid on sales of Class A, of which the principal underwriter received $
18,575 and $
61,652
, respectively. The balance of such amounts was paid to financial intermediaries.
Performance Information. The table below indicates the average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment of $1,000 in this Class of shares for the periods shown in the table. Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses. Performance would have been lower without subsidies.
Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested. The Funds past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, the Funds current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted return.
For the Funds performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.
About Returns After Taxes. After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions. After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
|
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Five Years* |
Ten Years* |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
-10.04% |
10.67% |
7.63% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
-15.19% |
9.36% |
7.00% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
-10.04% |
10.73% |
7.36% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
-15.19% |
9.42% |
6.72% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
-5.68% |
8.58% |
6.61% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
-8.60% |
7.50% |
6.06% |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
80
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities.
At April 1,
2014
, the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned in the aggregate less than 1% of the outstanding shares of this Class of the Fund. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:
National Financial Services LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
15.2% |
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
11.0% |
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. |
Jacksonville, FL |
10.0% |
Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. |
San Francisco, CA |
8.6% |
First Clearing LLC |
St. Louis, MO |
7.5% |
American Enterprise Investment Services |
Minneapolis, MN |
6.3% |
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
5.4% |
To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class of the Fund as of such date.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
81
SAI dated May 1, 2014
APPENDIX B
Class B Fees, Performance and Ownership
Distribution and Service Fees.
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the following table shows (1) sales commissions paid by the principal underwriter to financial intermediaries on sales of Class B shares, (2) distribution fees paid to the principal underwriter under the Distribution Plan, (3) approximate CDSC payments to the principal underwriter, (4) service fees paid under the Distribution Plan, and (5) service fees paid to financial intermediaries. The service fees paid by the Fund that were not paid to financial intermediaries were retained by the principal underwriter.
Commission Paid
|
Distribution Fee
|
CDSC Paid to
|
Service
|
Service Fees
|
$193 |
$316,039 |
$68,000 |
$105,347 |
$103,929 |
Performance Information. The table below indicates the average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment of $1,000 in this Class of shares for the periods shown in the table. Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses. Performance would have been lower without subsidies.
Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested. The Funds past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, the Funds current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted return.
For the Funds performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.
About Returns After Taxes. After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions. After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
|
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Five Years* |
Ten Years* |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
-10.66% |
9.97% |
7.04% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
-15.13% |
9.69% |
7.04% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
-10.66% |
10.04% |
6.75% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
-15.13% |
9.76% |
6.75% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
-6.03% |
8.01% |
6.15% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
-8.56% |
7.78% |
6.15% |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
82
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities.
At April 1,
2014
, the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned in the aggregate less than 1% of the outstanding shares of this Class of the Fund. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:
National Financial Services LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
20.0% |
Pershing LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
19.6% |
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. |
Jacksonville, FL |
11.0% |
First Clearing LLC |
St. Louis, MO |
7.5% |
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
7.1% |
American Enterprise Investment Services |
Minneapolis, MN |
5.8% |
To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class of the Fund as of such date.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
83
SAI dated May 1, 2014
APPENDIX C
Class C Fees, Performance and Ownership
Distribution and Service Fees.
For the
fiscal year ended December 31, 2013
, the following table shows (1) sales commissions paid by the principal underwriter to financial intermediaries on sales of Class C shares, (2) distribution fees paid to the principal underwriter under the Distribution Plan, (3) approximate CDSC payments to the principal underwriter, (
4
) service fees paid under the Distribution Plan, and (
5
) service fees paid to financial intermediaries. The service fees paid by the Fund that were not paid to financial intermediaries were retained by the principal underwriter.
Commission Paid by
|
Distribution Fee Paid
|
CDSC Paid
|
Service Fees |
Service Fees Paid
|
$231,675 |
$233,292 |
$4,000 |
$77,764 |
$77,225 |
Performance Information. The table below indicates the average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment in shares of $1,000. Total return for the period prior to July 7, 2006 reflects the total return of the Fund's Class B shares, adjusted to reflect the Class C CDSC. The total return shown below has not been adjusted to reflect Fund expenses (such as distribution and/or service fees). If such an adjustment was made, the total return of this Class would be different. Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses. Performance would have been lower without subsidies.
Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested. The Funds past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, the Funds current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted return.
For the Funds performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.
About Returns After Taxes. After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions. After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
|
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Five Years* |
Ten Years* |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
-10.69% |
9.98% |
7.07% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
-11.58% |
9.98% |
7.07% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
-10.69% |
10.05% |
6.75% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
-11.58% |
10.05% |
6.75% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
-6.05% |
8.01% |
6.15% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
-6.55% |
8.01% |
6.15% |
Class C commenced operations July 7, 2006. |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
84
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities.
At April 1,
2014
, the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned in the aggregate less than 1% of the outstanding shares of this Class of the Fund. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:
To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class of the Fund as of such date.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
85
SAI dated May 1, 2014
APPENDIX D
Class I Performance and Ownership
Performance Information.
The table below indicates the average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment in shares of $1,000. Total return for the period prior to
July 7, 2006
reflects the total return of the
Fund's Class B shares
,
adjusted to reflect the
Class
C CDSC
. The total return shown below has not been adjusted to reflect Fund expenses (such as distribution and/or service fees). If such an adjustment was made, the total return of this Class would be different. Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses. Performance would have been lower without subsidies.
Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested. The Funds past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, the Funds current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted return.
For the Funds performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.
About Returns After Taxes. After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions. After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.
|
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Five Years* |
Ten Years* |
Before Taxes |
-9.83% |
10.98% |
7.78% |
After Taxes on Distributions |
-9.83% |
11.04% |
7.50% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption |
-5.57% |
8.83% |
6.73% |
Class I shares commenced operation on October 1, 2009 |
|
|
|
Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities.
At April 1,
2014
, the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned in the aggregate less than 1% of the outstanding shares of this Class of the Fund. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. |
Jacksonville, FL |
46.7% |
First Clearing LLC |
St. Louis, MO |
24.4% |
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney |
Jersey City, NJ |
11.8% |
Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. |
San Francisco, CA |
11.1% |
Beneficial owners of 25% or more of this Class of the Fund are presumed to be in control of the Class for purposes of voting on certain matters submitted to shareholders.
To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class of the Fund as of such date.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
86
SAI dated May 1, 2014
APPENDIX E
COUNTRY INFORMATION
The information set forth in this Appendix has been extracted from various government and private publications. The Trusts Board of Trustees makes no representation as to the accuracy of the information, nor has the Board of Trustees attempted to verify it. Moreover, the information is as of the date of this SAI (or such other date as set forth below). This information is expected to change substantially during the period in which this SAI is in use. No representation is made that any correlation will exist between the economies or stock markets of REE (The Rupee Region) countries and the Funds performance.
The following is a general discussion of certain features of the economies of India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. There can be no assurance that the Portfolio will be able to capitalize on the factors described herein. Opinions expressed herein are the good faith opinions of the Portfolios investment adviser. Unless otherwise indicated, all monetary amounts are expressed in United States dollars.
INDIA
India is the seventh largest country in the world, covering an area of approximately 3.3 mn square kilometers. It is situated in South Asia and is bordered by Nepal, Bhutan and China in the north, Myanmar and Bangladesh in the east, Pakistan in the west and Sri Lanka in the south.
Indias current population is estimated at 1,210 mn according to the census of 2011. Most of the population lives in rural areas. Approximately 80.5 percent are Hindus, 13.4 percent Muslims, 1.9 percent Sikhs, 2.2 percent Christians and 1.1 percent Buddhists. Hindi is one of the major languages, with English also being used widely in official and business communications. With a middle class of approximately 400 million people, India constitutes one of the largest markets in the world.
Unlike certain other emerging market countries, India has a long tradition of trade and markets, despite the central planning of the economy carried out by the Indian government in the first decades after Indias independence. For example the Bombay Stock Exchange was founded over 125 years ago, is the oldest stock exchange in Asia and currently lists over 10,
711
scrips (
March 2014
). In 1994, the National Stock Exchange was set up by leading institutions to provide a modern, fully automated screen-based trading with national reach. The National Stock Exchange has become Indias leading stock exchange covering 1500 cities and towns across the country. Trading volumes in the equity segment have grown rapidly with average daily turnover increasing from USD3.7 million during 1994-95 to around USD 2
billion during the fiscal year
2013
.
India became independent from the United Kingdom in 1947. It is governed by a parliamentary democracy under the Constitution of India, under which the executive, legislative and judicial functions are separated. India has been engaged in a policy of gradual economic reform since the mid-1980. In 1991, the Prime Minister Narasimha Rao introduced far-reaching measures with the goal of reducing government intervention in the economy, strengthening Indias industrial base, expanding exports and increasing economic efficiency. The main focus of the policy was to place more authority for making business decisions in the hands of those who operate the businesses. The system of industrial licences known as the Licence Raj, by means of which the government controlled many private sector investment decisions, was substantially modified. Government approvals required to increase, reduce or change production have been greatly reduced.
Modern economic development in India began in the mid-
1940s
with the publication of the Bombay Plan. The Planning Commission was established in 1950 to assess the countrys available resources and to identify growth areas. A centrally planned economic model was adopted, and in order to control the direction of private investment, most investment and major economic decisions required government approval. Foreign investment was allowed only selectively. This protectionist regime held back development of Indias economy until the mid-1980s when
a gradual move
began
towards the liberalization and market orientation of the economy. After the liberalization measures, which began in 1985, the annual growth of the countrys real gross domestic product rose from an average 3-4%
in
the
1940s
to an average 5.7% between 1994 and 2003 and further to 8% plus between 2004 and 2011.
However, since then
, the GDP
growth rate has slowed due to limited policy action
by
the
government and higher inflation. GDP growth for
the
Fiscal Year ended March 2013 (FY2013) slowed to 4.95%. GDP growth maintained its downward trajectory in the first half of FY2014 at 4.59%.
Since 1991, successive governments have continued to adopt measures to open the economy further to private investment, attract foreign capital and speed up the countrys industrial growth rate. For example, the banking and insurance industry has been opened to the private sector, including to foreign investors. Most banks were nationalized in 1969, and at that time no new privately owned banks were permitted. The Government is now granting new banking and insurance licences.
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
87
SAI dated May 1, 2014
In another move the administered price mechanism in the petroleum sector was dismantled in April 2002; with this the pricing of petroleum products became determined by the market. However the government still controls the prices of certain fuels like diesel, cooking gas and kerosene on account of sharp rise in fuel prices. The Government also permitted foreign brokerage firms to operate in India on behalf of Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs), and has permitted foreign investors to own majority stakes in Indian asset management companies. In 1992, it was announced that FIIs would be able to invest directly in the Indian capital markets. In September 1992, the guidelines for FIIs were published and a number of such investors have been registered by the Securities and Exchange Board of India, including the Adviser. Recently, restrictions on maximum investment limits applicable to FIIs investing in Indian companies have been liberalized. In 1995, FII regulations were supplemented and the Parliament approved the establishment of central share depositories. Beginning in September 1995, several measures have been adopted to establish securities depositories and permit trading without share certificates. Dematerialization (paperless) trading began in 1997 and since then all companies have joined the National Securities Depository Ltd. Derivatives trading commenced in India in June 2000 on two stock exchanges. To begin with the Securities & Exchange Board of India (SEBI) approved trading on index futures contracts based on BSE-30 Index and S&P CNX Nifty Index, followed by trading in options based on the above indices and in individual securities. Today NSE has futures and options activity in
10
indices and
136
stocks (
March 2014
). Commodity exchanges have started in India and two such exchanges, Multi Commodity Exchange (MCX) and National Commodity & Derivatives Exchange Limited (NCDEX), are in operation today and of which MCX is now listed.
Foreign investors have responded to these trends by investing resources into the Indian economy. India received US$ 23.6 bn of equity inflows in
the
fiscal year ending March 2010, US$24.3 bn in
FY2011,
US$9 bn in
FY2012, US$ 25.8 bn in FY2013 and US$ 13.4 bn in FY 2014. At
the same
time,
domestic mutual funds
remained sellers
of
Indian stocks. Cumulatively, equity inflows since April 2009 till March 2014 have been US$ 96 bn against an outflow of US$ 14.5 bn by the domestic mutual funds.
Indias foreign exchange reserves, which had fallen to about US$1 bn in 1991, were US$
298.6
bn as on
21
March
2014
.
The Indian population is comprised of diverse religious and linguistic groups. Despite this diversity, India has one of the more stable political systems among the worlds developing nations. However, periodic sectarian conflict among Indias religious and linguistic groups could adversely affect Indian businesses, temporarily halting
work
of institutions, or undermine or distract from government efforts to liberalize the Indian economy. Indias Central Bank is conservative and proactive. It has protected Indian banking system from the recent global financial crisis.
PAKISTAN
Pakistan, occupying an area of about 800,000 square kilometers, is bounded in the south by the Arabian Sea and India and in the north by China and Afghanistan. To the west and northwest are Iran and Afghanistan and to the east is India. The capital is Islamabad. Karachi is the biggest commercial and industrial city.
Pakistan is the worlds sixth most populous country with an estimated population at approximately 176 million. Urdu is the national language (though only 8% Urdu speaking population) and English is considered as the official language. 44% of the population speaks Punjabi as the first language. Some 96% of the population are Muslims.
Pakistan was created in 1947, in response to the demands of Indian Muslims for an independent homeland, by the partition from British India of two Muslim majority areas. In 1971, a civil war in East Pakistan culminated in independence for East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). Over the past 50 years, Pakistan and India have gone to war twice, and intermittent border exchanges occur at times. In particular, relations with India remain unfriendly over the disputed territory of Kashmir, with its majority Muslim population.
In earlier decades, Pakistan had a federal parliamentary system. Economic development since 1955 has taken place within the framework of successive five-year plans which established growth targets and allocations of public sector investment. However, the lack of realistic targets, plans and successful policy implementation has caused problems for many years.
Pakistan has experienced significant political unrest since November 2007 when the National Assembly completed its tenure and new elections were called. The exiled political leaders Benazir Bhutto and Nawaz Sharif were permitted to return to Pakistan. However, the assassination of Benazir Bhutto in December during election campaign led to postponement of elections and nationwide riots. Bhuttos Pakistan
Peoples
Party (PPP) won most seats in the elections held in February
2008 and its member Yousaf Raza Gillani was sworn in as Prime Minister. In August 2008, Pervez Musharraf resigned as President of Pakistan. In the presidential election that followed, Asif Ali Zardari of Pakistan Peoples Party won by a landslide majority and
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became President of Pakistan. Currently Nawaz Sharif is the Prime Minister of Pakistan since June 2013 and Mamnoon Hussain is the President.
On the
macroeconomic
front a continued reliance on donor support makes IMF tranche disbursals and Friends of Pakistan pledges vital for the Balance of Payments. Adhering to IMFs structural reform conditions, particularly on the fiscal front, would likely translate into growth coming back on track. Pakistans GDP grew 3.0% in fiscal 2010
,
3.7% in fiscal 2011
and 3.6% in fiscal 2012
. Political developments, particularly with regard to international relations are events to watch out for.
SRI LANKA
A former British Colony, Sri Lanka
became
a Dominion of the British Commonwealth in 1948 and became a Democratic Socialist Republic in 1972.
In August 2005, the Supreme Court ruled that presidential elections would be held in November 2005, resolving a long-running dispute on the length of President Kumaratungas term. In the elections held in November 2005, Mahinda Rajapaksa was elected the fifth Executive President of Sri Lanka while Ratnasiri Wickremanayake was appointed the 22nd Prime Minister.
Sri Lankas macro-environment has seen a dramatic reshaping over the years. The end of the 25-year domestic conflict between the military and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) in May 2009 culminated in a number of positive developments. These included a surge in foreign inflows, ratings/outlook revisions and, most importantly, approval for the IMFs stand-by loan agreement of US$2.5bn.
While the volatile political situation took its toll on growth in 2009, the economy recovered to 8% growth in 2010, 8.3% in 2011
, slowed to
6.3% in 2012
but picked up again in 2013 to 8.2%
on account of improvement in manufacturing and construction activity and post-war rehabilitation efforts. Tourism is also expected to pick up. On the demand side, investment growth is likely to revive given the governments development efforts in the Northern and Eastern Provinces.
The government is continuing to pursue its planned infrastructure program to accelerate the pace of economic growth. The island stands to benefit from its favorable geographic location and well educated workforce. The strategic location of the country enables it to be a regional hub for air and sea based transport. The proximity to one of the largest emerging markets in the world, India , and the growing trade between the two countries makes Sri Lanka an ideal launching pad.
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APPENDIX F
Eaton Vance Funds
Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures
I. Overview
The Boards of Trustees (the
“
Board
”
) of the Eaton Vance
Funds
1
have determined that it is in the interests of the Funds shareholders to adopt these written proxy voting policy and procedures (the Policy). For purposes of this Policy:
·
Fund means each registered investment company sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization; and
·
Adviser means the adviser or sub-adviser responsible for the day-to-day management of all or a portion of the Funds assets.
II. Delegation of Proxy Voting Responsibilities
The Board hereby delegates to the Adviser responsibility for voting the Fund ’ s proxies as described in this Policy. In this connection, the Adviser is required to provide the Board with a copy of its proxy voting policies and procedures (Adviser Procedures) and all Fund proxies will be voted in accordance with the Adviser Procedures, provided that in the event a material conflict of interest arises with respect to a proxy to be voted for the Fund (as described in Section IV below) the Adviser shall follow the process for voting such proxy as described in Section IV below.
The Adviser is required to report any material change to the Adviser Procedures to the Board in the manner set forth in Section V below. In addition, the Board will review the Adviser Procedures annually.
III. Delegation of Proxy Voting Disclosure Responsibilities
Pursuant to Rule 30b1-4 promulgated under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “ 1940 Act ” ), the Fund is required to file Form N-PX no later than August 31st of each year. On Form N-PX, the Fund is required to disclose, among other things, information concerning proxies relating to the Funds portfolio investments, whether or not the Fund (or its Adviser) voted the proxies relating to securities held by the Fund and how it voted on the matter and whether it voted for or against management.
To facilitate the filing of Form N-PX for the Fund:
·
The Adviser is required to record, compile and transmit in a timely manner all data required to be filed on Form N-PX for the Fund that it manages. Such data shall be transmitted to Eaton Vance Management, which acts as administrator to the Fund (the Administrator) or the third party service provider designated by the Administrator; and
·
the Administrator is required to file Form N-PX on behalf of the Fund with the Securities and Exchange Commission (Commission) as required by the 1940 Act. The Administrator may delegate the filing to a third party service party provided each such filing is reviewed and approved by the Administrator.
IV. Conflicts of Interest
The Board expects the Adviser, as a fiduciary to the Fund it manages, to put the interests of the Fund and its shareholders above those of the Adviser. When required to vote a proxy for the Fund, the Adviser may have material business relationships with the issuer soliciting the proxy that could give rise to a potential material conflict of interest for the Adviser.
2
In the event such a material conflict of interest arises , the Adviser, to the extent it is aware or reasonably should have been aware of the material conflict, will refrain from voting any proxies related to companies giving rise to such material conflict until it notifies and consults with the appropriate Board, or any committee, sub-committee or group of Independent Trustees identified by the Board (as long as such committee, sub-committee or group contains at least two or more Independent Trustees) (the Board Members), concerning the material conflict.
3
For ease of communicating with the Board Members, the Adviser is required to provide the foregoing notice to the Funds Chief Legal Officer who will then notify and facilitate a consultation with the Board Members.
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Once the Board Members have been notified of the material conflict:
·
They shall convene a meeting to review and consider all relevant materials related to the proxies involved. This meeting shall be convened within 3 business days, provided that it an effort will be made to convene the meeting sooner if the proxy must be voted in less than 3 business days;
·
In considering such proxies, the Adviser shall make available all materials requested by the Board Members and make reasonably available appropriate personnel to discuss the matter upon request.
·
The Board Members will then instruct the Adviser on the appropriate course of action with respect to the proxy at issue.
If the Board Members are unable to meet and the failure to vote a proxy would have a material adverse impact on the Fund(s) involved, the Adviser will have the right to vote such proxy, provided that it discloses the existence of the material conflict to the Chairman of the Board as soon as practicable and to the Board at its next meeting. Any determination regarding the voting of proxies of the Fund that is made by the Board Members shall be deemed to be a good faith determination regarding the voting of proxies by the full Board.
V. Reports and Review
The Administrator shall make copies of each Form N-PX filed on behalf of the Fund available for the Boards review upon the Board request. The Administrator (with input from the Adviser for the Fund) shall also provide any reports reasonably requested by the Board regarding the proxy voting records of the Fund.
The Adviser shall report any material changes to the Adviser Procedures to the Board as soon as practicable and the Boards will review the Adviser Procedures annually.
The Adviser also shall report any changes to the Adviser Procedures to the Fund Chief Legal Officer prior to implementing such changes in order to enable the Administrator to effectively coordinate the Funds disclosure relating to the Adviser Procedures.
To the extent requested by the Commission, the Policy and the Adviser Procedures shall be appended to the Funds statement of additional information included in its registration statement.
_____________________
1
The Eaton Vance Funds may be organized as trusts or corporations. For ease of reference, the Funds may be referred to herein as Trusts and the Funds Board of Trustees or Board of Directors may be referred to collectively herein as the Board.
2
An Adviser is expected to maintain a process for identifying a potential material conflict of interest. As an example only, such potential conflicts may arise when the issuer is a client of the Adviser and generates a significant
amount
of fees to the Adviser or the issuer is a distributor of the Advisers products.
3
If a material conflict of interest exists with respect to a particular proxy and the proxy voting procedures of the relevant Adviser require that proxies are to be voted in accordance with the recommendation of a third party proxy voting vendor, the requirements of this Section IV shall only apply if the Adviser intends to vote such proxy in a manner inconsistent with such third party recommendation.
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APPENDIX G
LLOYD GEORGE MANAGEMENT
PROXY VOTING PROCEDURES
I Introduction
As the investment adviser, investment manager or any other roles which are to that effect, Lloyd George Management (LGM) and its affiliates are responsible (unless clients specified to the contrary in the agreement) for the proxy voting of stocks held in the accounts on behalf of the clients. These clients include mutual funds, ERISA, and other investment advisory accounts.
LGM has adopted and implemented these procedures (and the proxy voting policies attached hereto and incorporated as part of these procedures) that LGM believes is reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best interest of its clients, and in accordance with our fiduciary duties, with the Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended and with the long-standing fiduciary standards and
responsibilities
for ERISA accounts set out in the Department of Labor Bulletin 94-2 C.F.R. 2509.94-2 (July29, 1994) of the United States of America.
II Voting Authority
All client accounts of LGM are categorised into three different levels of voting authority, and such records will be kept up-to-date and amended accordingly when required, by the Proxy Administrator (PA)
Category 0 : if the client or some other parties besides LGM is to vote the proxies
Category 1 : if LGM is to vote the proxies according to LGMs standard proxy voting policies
Category 2 : if the account has special voting objectives and for which LGM has voting responsibility
III Proxy Notices
Proxy notices are received from custodians or proxy processing service companies (which have been delegated with the proxy voting processing task by the custodians), by mail, fax or electronic means. The PA logs all proxy notices received in the proxy notices file and reconcile the account information and the number of shares on the proxy ballot against LGMs latest records. Any discrepancies are communicated to the custodian as soon as possible so that LGM can vote the proxy ballot with the correct information.
IV Voting
The PA determines, in consultation with the appropriate analysts/portfolio managers as necessary, how LGM will vote on each matter contained in the proxy statement in accordance with the Proxy Voting Policies (Appendix A) for all category 1 accounts, and in accordance with the accounts special voting objectives for all category 2 accounts. When there are factors causing an issue to fall outside the usual voting practices indicated by the Proxy Voting Policies, the relevant analysts/portfolio managers will be consulted and the voting decision reached will be recorded on the Analyst/Portfolio Manager Proxy Consultation Form (Appendix B
) or similar proxy form.
V Returning of Voted Proxy Statements
Proxy materials are prioritised so that the earliest meetings will be handled first, and the PA will ensure that the voted proxy statements are returned to the custodian or the proxy processing service company well before the meeting dates. The voted proxy statements are returned by fax or by electronic means via the proxy processing service companys system. Evidence (for example, the fax delivery log, the e-mail delivery receipt or the returned receipt from the custodian) to show that the voted proxy statements have been successfully delivered is retained.
VI Recordkeeping
A copy of the voted proxy statement together with the Analyst/Portfolio Manager Proxy Consultation Form and any other documents that are material in reaching the voting decision are filed alphabetically by company name and by year in which they are voted. Client written request and all written responses by LGM to written or oral requests for proxy voting information are also maintained. These records are retained for
seven
years and in accordance with the recordkeeping requirements stated in Section 204-2 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended.
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Appendix A
LLOYD GEORGE MANAGEMENT
Proxy Voting Policies
I. Introduction
Lloyd George Management (the Adviser) has adopted and implemented policies (and the procedures into which they are incorporated) that it believes are reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best interest of clients, in accordance with its fiduciary duties and Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. The Advisers authority to vote the proxies of their clients is established by its advisory contracts or similar documentation. These proxy policies (and the procedures into which they are incorporated) reflect the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requirements governing advisers and the long-standing fiduciary standards and responsibilities for ERISA accounts set out in the Department of Labor Bulletin 94-2 C.F.R. 2509.94-2 (July 29, 1994).
II. Overview
The Adviser manages its clients assets with the overriding goal of seeking to provide the greatest possible return to clients consistent with governing laws and the investment policies of each client. In pursuing that goal, the Adviser seeks to exercise its clients rights as shareholders of voting securities to support sound corporate governance of those companies with the principal aim of maintaining or enhancing the companies economic value.
The exercise of shareholder rights is generally done by casting votes by proxy at shareholder meetings on matters submitted to shareholders for approval. For example, the election of directors or the approval of a companys stock option plans for directors, officers or employees. The Adviser is adopting the formal written guidelines described in detail below and will utilize such guidelines in voting proxies on behalf of its clients. These guidelines are designed to promote accountability of a companys management and Board of Directors to its shareholders and to align the interests of management with those of shareholders.
In seeking to ensure a level of consistency and rationality in the proxy voting process, the guidelines contained in these policies are designed to address the manner in which certain matters that arise regularly in proxies will generally be voted. However, the Adviser takes the view that these guidelines should not be used as mechanical instructions for the exercise of this important shareholder right. Except in the instance of routine matters related to corporate administrative matters which are not expected to have a significant economic impact on the company or its shareholders (on which the Adviser will routinely vote with management), the Adviser will review each matter on a case-by-case basis and reserves the right to deviate from these guidelines when the situation requires such a deviation. In addition, no set of guidelines can anticipate all situations that may arise. In special cases, the Proxy Administrator (the person specifically charged with the responsibility to review and vote proxies on behalf of each Advisers clients) may seek insight from the Advisers portfolio managers and analysts on how a particular proxy proposal will impact the financial prospects of a company, and vote accordingly. The guidelines are just that: guidelines but they are not hard and fast rules, simply because corporate governance issues are so varied.
III. Proxy Voting Guidelines
The following guidelines relate to the types of proposals that are most frequently presented in proxy statements to shareholders. Absent unusual circumstances, the Adviser will utilize these guidelines when voting proxies on behalf of its clients.
A. Election of Board of Directors
The Adviser believes that a Board of Directors should primarily be independent, not have significant ties to management and consist of members who are all elected annually. In addition, the Adviser believes that important board committees (
e.g.,
audit, nominating and compensation committees) should be entirely independent. In general,
·
The Adviser will support the election of directors that result in a board made up of a majority of independent directors.
·
The Adviser will support the election for non-independent directors to serve on the audit, compensation, and/or nominating committees of a Board of Directors.
·
The Adviser will hold all directors accountable for the actions of the Boards committees. For example, the Adviser will consider withholding votes for nominees who have recently approved compensation arrangements that the Adviser deems excessive or propose equity-based compensation plans that unduly dilute the ownership interests of stockholders.
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
·
The Adviser will support efforts to declassify existing boards, and will vote against efforts by companies to adopt classified board structures.
·
The Adviser will vote against proposals for cumulative voting, confidential stockholder voting and the granting of pre-emptive rights.
B. Approval of Independent Auditors
The Adviser believes that the relationship between the company and its auditors should be limited primarily to the audit engagement and closely allied audit-related and tax services, although non-audit services may be provided so long as they are consistent with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and, if required, have been approved by an independent audit committee. The Adviser will also consider the reputation of the
auditors
and any problems that may have arisen in the auditors performance of services.
C. Executive Compensation
The Adviser believes that appropriately designed equity-based compensation plans, approved by shareholders, can be an effective way to align the interests of shareholders and the interests of management, employees, and directors. Conversely, the Adviser is opposed to plans that substantially dilute shareholders ownership interests in the company or have inherently objectionable structural features.
·
The Adviser will generally vote against plans where total potential dilution (including all equity-based plans) seems likely to exceed 15% of shares outstanding over ten years and extends longer than ten years.
·
The Adviser will generally vote against plans if annual option grants have exceeded 2% of shares outstanding.
These total and annual dilution thresholds are guidelines, not ceilings, and when assessing a plans impact on our shareholdings the Adviser considers other factors such as specific industry practices, company and stock performance and management credibility. The Proxy Administrator will consult with the relevant portfolio manager(s) to determine when or if it may be appropriate to exceed these guidelines.
·
The Adviser will typically vote against plans that have any of the following structural features:
·
Ability to re-price underwater options without shareholder approval.
·
The unrestricted ability to issue options with an exercise price below the stocks current market price.
·
Automatic share replenishment (evergreen) feature.
·
The Adviser is supportive of measures intended to increase long-term stock ownership by executives. These may include:
·
Requiring senior executives to hold a minimum amount of stock in the company (frequently expressed as a certain multiple of the executives salary).
·
Using restricted stock grants instead of options.
·
Utilising phased vesting periods or vesting tied to company specific milestones or stock performance.
·
The Adviser will generally support the use of employee stock purchase plans to increase company stock ownership by employees, provided that shares purchased under the plan are acquired for no less than 85% of their market value.
In assessing a companys executive compensation plan, the Advisers will weigh all components of the plan. For example, the grant of stock options to executives of a company in a particular year may appear excessive if that grant goes above 2% of the shares outstanding of the company. However such grants may be appropriate if the senior management of the company has accepted significantly reduced cash compensation for the year in lieu of receiving a greater number of options.
D. Corporate Structure Matters/Anti-Takeover Defenses
As a general matter, the Adviser generally opposes anti-takeover measures and other proposals designed to limit the ability of shareholders to act on possible transactions. In general,
·
Because a classified board structure prevents shareholders from electing a full slate of directors annually, the Adviser will typically vote against proposals to create classified boards and vote in favor of shareholder proposals to declassify a board.
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·
The Adviser will vote for proposals to subject shareholder rights plans (poison pills) to a shareholder vote.
·
The Adviser will vote for shareholder proposals that seek to eliminate supermajority voting requirements and oppose proposals seeking to implement supermajority voting requirements.
·
The Adviser will generally vote against proposals to authorise preferred stock whose voting, conversion, dividend and other rights are determined at the discretion of the board of directors when the stock is issued when used as an anti-takeover device. However, such blank check preferred stock may be issued for legitimate financing needs and the Advisor can vote for proposals to issue such preferred stock in those circumstances.
·
The Adviser will vote for proposals to lower barriers to shareholder action (for example, limiting rights to call special meetings or act by written consent).
·
The Adviser will vote against proposals for a separate class of stock with disparate voting rights.
·
The Adviser will consider on a case-by-case basis board approved proposals regarding changes to a companys capitalization, however the Adviser will generally vote in favor of proposals authorizing the issuance of additional common stock (except in the case of a merger, restructuring or other significant corporate event which will be handled on a case-by-case basis) provided that such issuance does not exceed three times the number of currently outstanding shares.
E. State of Incorporation/Offshore Presence
Under ordinary circumstances, the Adviser will not interfere with a choice to reincorporate or reorganize a company in a different jurisdiction, provided that managements decision has been approved by a Board of Directors. The Adviser recognises that there may be many benefits to reincorporation (such as tax benefits and more developed business laws in the jurisdiction of reincorporation). Each proposal to reincorporate in offshore tax havens will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis to determine whether such actions are in the best interests of the shareholders of the company including the Advisers clients.
F. Environmental/Social Policy Issues
The Adviser believes that ordinary business matters are primarily the responsibility of management and should be approved solely by the companys board of directors. The Adviser recognizes that certain social and environmental issues raised in shareholder proposals are the subject of vigorous public debate and many are the subject of legal statutes or regulation by federal and/or state agencies. The Adviser generally supports management on these types of proposals, though they may make exceptions in certain instances where they believe a proposal has substantial economic implications. The Adviser expects that the companies in which they invest their clients assets will act as responsible corporate citizens.
G. Circumstances Under Which The Advisers Will Abstain From Voting
The Adviser will seek to vote all proxies for clients who have delegated the responsibility to vote such proxies to the Adviser. Under certain circumstances, the costs to their clients associated with voting such proxies would far outweigh the benefit derived from exercise the right to vote. In those circumstances, the Adviser will make a case-by-case determination on whether or not to vote such proxies. In the case of countries which required so-called share blocking, the Adviser may also abstain from voting. The Adviser will not seek to vote proxies on behalf of their clients unless they have specifically agreed to take on that responsibility on behalf of a client. Finally, the Adviser may be required to abstain from voting on a particular proxy in a situation where a conflict exists between the Adviser and its Client. The policy for resolution of such conflicts is described below in Identification and Resolution of Conflicts with Clients.
IV. Recordkeeping
The Adviser will maintain records relating to the proxies they vote on behalf of its clients in accordance with Section 204-2 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. Those records will include:
·
A copy of the Advisers proxy voting policies and procedures;
·
Proxy statements received regarding client securities (if such proxies are available on the SECs EDGAR system or a third party undertakes to promptly provide a copy of such documents to the Adviser, the Adviser does not need to retain a separate copy of the proxy statement);
·
A record of each vote cast;
·
A copy of any document created by the Adviser that was material to making a decision on how to vote a
proxy
for a client or that memorializes the basis for such a decision; and
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·
Each written client request for proxy voting records and the Advisers written response to any client request (whether written or oral) for such records.
All records described above will be maintained in an easily accessible place for five years and will be maintained in the offices of the Adviser for two years after they are created.
V. Identification and Resolution of Conflicts with Clients
As fiduciary to its clients the Adviser puts the interests of its clients ahead of its own. In order to ensure that relevant personnel of the Adviser are able to identify potential conflicts of interest, the Adviser will take the following steps.
·
Quarterly the Controls and Compliance Department (C&C Department) will confirm a list of clients and prospective clients with the Marketing Department.
·
A representative of the
C&C
Department will give a list of such identified
clients
(the Conflicted Companies) to the Proxy Administrator.
·
The Proxy Administrator will compare the list of Conflicted Companies with the names of companies for which she expects to receive or has received proxy statements (the Proxy Companies). If a Conflicted Company is also a Proxy Company the Proxy
Administrator
will report that fact to the
C&C
Department.
If the
C&C
Department determines that a conflict of interest exists between the Adviser and its client the following steps will be taken to resolve such conflict prior to any proxies relating to these Conflicted Companies being voted.
·
If the Proxy Administrator expects to vote the proxy of the Conflicted Company strictly according to the guidelines contained in these Proxy Voting Policies (the Policies), she will (i) inform the
C&C
Department of that fact, (ii) vote the proxies and (iii) record the existence of the conflict and the resolution of the matter.
·
If the Proxy Administrator intends to vote in a manner inconsistent with the guidelines contained herein or, if the issues raised by the proxy are not contemplated by these Policies, and the matters involved in such proxy could have a material economic impact on the clients involved, the Adviser will seek instruction on how the proxy should be voted from:
·
The client, in the case of an individual or corporate client;
·
The Board of Directors, or any committee
thereof
identified by the Board, in the case of a Fund; or
·
The adviser, in situations where the Adviser acts as a sub-adviser to such adviser.
The Adviser will provide all reasonable assistance to each party to enable such party to make an informed decision.
If the client, Board of Directors or adviser, as the case may be, fails to instruct the Adviser on how to vote the proxy, the Adviser will generally abstain from voting in order to avoid the appearance of impropriety. If however, the failure of the Adviser to vote its clients proxies would have a material adverse impact on the Advisers clients securities holdings in the Conflicted Company, the Adviser may vote such proxies in order to protect its clients interests. In either case, the Proxy Administrator will record the existence of the conflict and the resolution of the matter.
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Appendix B
Analyst/Portfolio Manager Proxy Consultation Form
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Reason |
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Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
STATEMENT OF
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
May 1,
2014
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
Class A Shares - EAGIX Class I Shares - EIGIX
Two International Place
Boston, Massachusetts 02110
1-800-262-1122
This Statement of Additional Information (SAI) provides general information about the Fund and the Portfolio. The Fund and Portfolio are diversified, open-end management investment companies. The Fund is a series of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust. Capitalized terms used in this SAI and not otherwise defined have the meanings given to them in the Prospectus.
This SAI contains additional information about:
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Page |
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Page |
Strategies and Risks |
2 |
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Sales Charges |
19 |
Investment Restrictions |
4 |
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Performance |
21 |
Management and Organization |
5 |
|
Taxes |
23 |
Investment Advisory and Administrative Services |
14 |
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Portfolio Securities Transactions |
31 |
Other Service Providers |
16 |
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Financial Statements |
33 |
Calculation of Net Asset Value |
17 |
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Additional Information About Investment Strategies |
33 |
Purchasing and Redeeming Shares |
18 |
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Appendix A: Class A Fees, Performance and Ownership |
64 |
|
Appendix D: Eaton Vance Funds Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures |
76 |
Appendix B: Class I Performance and Ownership |
66 |
|
Appendix E: Adviser Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures |
78 |
Appendix C: Ratings |
67 |
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This SAI is NOT a prospectus and is authorized for distribution to prospective investors only if preceded or accompanied by the Fund Prospectus dated May 1,
2014
, as supplemented from time to time, which is incorporated herein by reference. This SAI should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus, which may be obtained by calling 1-800-262-1122.
©
2014
Eaton Vance Management
Definitions
The following terms that may be used in this SAI have the meaning set forth below:
“ 1940 Act ” means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended;
“ 1933 Act ” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended;
“ Board ” means Board of Trustees or Board of Directors, as applicable;
CEA means Commodity Exchange Act;
CFTC means the
Commodity
Futures Trading Commission;
Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended;
Eaton Vance family of funds means all registered investment companies advised, administered and/or distributed by Eaton Vance or its affiliates;
Eaton Vance funds means the mutual funds sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization;
Exchange means the New York Stock Exchange;
FINRA means the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority;
Fund means the Fund or Funds listed on the cover of this SAI unless stated otherwise;
investment adviser means the investment adviser identified in the prospectus and, with respect to the implementation of the Funds investment strategies (including as described under Taxes) and portfolio securities transactions, any sub-adviser identified in the prospectus;
IRS means the Internal Revenue Service;
Portfolio means a registered investment company (other than the Fund) sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization in which one or more Funds and other investors may invest substantially all or any portion of their assets;
Subsidiary means a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Fund or the Portfolio as described in the prospectus, if applicable;
SEC means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission; and
Trust means Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust, of which the Fund is a series.
STRATEGIES AND RISKS
The Fund prospectus identifies the types of investments in which the Fund will principally invest in seeking its investment objective(s) and the principal risks associated therewith. The categories checked in the table below are all of the investments the Fund is permitted to make, including its principal investments and the investment practices the Fund (either directly or through one or more Portfolios as may be described in the prospectus) is permitted to engage in. To the extent that an investment type or practice listed below is not identified in the Fund prospectus as a principal investment, the Fund generally expects to invest less than 5% of its total assets in such investment type. If a particular investment type that is checked and listed below but not referred to in the prospectus becomes a more significant part of the Funds strategy, the prospectus may be amended to disclose that investment. Fund as used herein and under Additional Information About Investment Strategies refers to the Fund and its corresponding Portfolio. Information about the various investment types and practices and the associated risks checked below is included in alphabetical order in this SAI under Additional Information about Investment Strategies.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
2
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Investment Type |
Permitted for or Relevant to the Fund |
Asset-Backed Securities (ABS) |
√ |
Auction Rate Securities |
√ |
Build America Bonds |
√ |
Call and Put Features on Obligations |
√ |
Cash Equivalents |
√ |
Collateralized Mortgage Obligations ( “ CMOs ” ) |
√ |
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities ( “ CMBS ” ) |
√ |
Commodity-Related Investments |
|
Common Stocks |
√ |
Convertible Securities |
√ |
Credit Linked Securities |
√ |
Derivative Instruments and Related Risks |
√ |
Direct Investments |
|
Emerging Market Investments |
√ |
Equity Investments |
√ |
Equity Linked Securities |
|
Exchange-Traded Funds ( “ ETFs ” ) |
√ |
Exchange-Traded Notes ( “ ETNs ” ) |
|
Fixed-Income Securities |
√ |
Foreign Currency Transactions |
√ |
Foreign Investments |
√ |
Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts |
√ |
Forward Rate Agreements |
√ |
Futures Contracts |
√ (1) |
High Yield Securities |
√ |
Hybrid Instruments |
|
Illiquid Securities |
√ |
Indexed Securities |
|
Inflation-Indexed (or Inflation-Linked) Bonds |
√ |
Junior Loans |
|
Liquidity or Protective Put Agreements |
|
Loans |
|
Master Limited Partnerships ( “ MLPs ” ) |
√ |
Mortgage-Backed Securities ( “ MBS ” ) |
√ |
Mortgage Dollar Rolls |
√ |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
3
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Investment Type |
Permitted for or Relevant to the Fund |
Municipal Lease Obligations ( “ MLOs ” ) |
|
Municipal Obligations |
√ |
Option Contracts |
√ (2) |
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
√ |
Preferred Securities |
√ |
Real Estate Investment Trusts ( “ REITs ” ). |
√ |
Repurchase Agreements |
√ |
Residual Interest Bonds |
|
Reverse Repurchase Agreements |
|
Rights and Warrants |
√ |
Royalty Bonds |
|
Securities with Equity and Debt Characteristics |
√ |
Senior Loans |
|
Short Sales |
√ |
Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities ( “ SMBS ” ) |
√ |
Structured Notes |
|
Swap Agreements |
√ |
Swaptions |
√ |
Trust Certificates |
√ |
U.S. Government Securities |
√ |
Unlisted Securities |
|
Variable Rate Obligations |
√ |
When-Issued Securities, Delayed Delivery and Forward Commitments |
√ |
Zero Coupon Bonds |
√ |
Other Disclosures Regarding Investment Practices |
Permitted for or Relevant to the Fund |
Asset Coverage |
√ |
Average Effective Maturity |
√ |
Borrowing for Investment Purposes |
|
Borrowing for Temporary Purposes |
√ |
Diversified Status |
√ |
Dividend Capture Trading |
|
Duration |
√ |
Events Regarding FNMA and FHLMC |
√ |
Fund Investing in a Portfolio |
√ |
Investments in the Subsidiary |
|
Loan Facility |
|
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
4
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Other Disclosures Regarding Investment Practices |
Permitted for or Relevant to the Fund |
Option Strategy |
|
Participation in the ReFlow Liquidity Program |
√ |
Portfolio Turnover |
√ |
Securities Lending |
√ |
Short-Term Trading |
√ |
Significant Exposure to Global Natural Resources |
|
Significant Exposure to Health Sciences Companies |
|
Significant Exposure to Smaller Companies |
|
Significant Exposure to Utility and Financial Services Companies |
|
Tax-Managed Investing |
|
(1)
Foreign exchange traded futures contracts and options thereon may be used only if the investment adviser determines that the trading on such foreign exchange does not entail risks, including credit and liquidity risks, that are materially greater than the risks associated with trading on CFTC-regulated exchanges.
(2)
A put option on a security may be written only if the investment adviser intends to acquire the security. Credit exposure on equity swaps to any one counterparty will be limited 5% or less of net assets. Call options written on securities will be covered by ownership of the securities subject to the call option or an offsetting option.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
The following investment restrictions of the Fund are designated as fundamental policies and as such cannot be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of the Funds outstanding voting securities, which as used in this SAI means the lesser of: (a) 67% of the shares of the Fund present or represented by proxy at a meeting if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares are present or represented at the meeting; or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund. Accordingly, the Fund may not:
(1)
With respect to 75% of its total assets, invest more than 5% of its total assets taken at market value in the securities of any one issuer or in more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer, except obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities and except securities of other investment companies;
(2)
Borrow money or issue senior securities, except as permitted by the 1940 Act;
(3)
Make loans to any person except by (a) the acquisition of debt securities and making portfolio investments, (b) entering into repurchase agreements or (c) lending portfolio securities;
(4)
Purchase securities on margin (but the Fund may obtain such short-term credits as may be necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of securities);
(5)
Invest in real estate (although it may purchase and sell securities which are secured by real estate and securities of companies which invest or deal in real estate);
(6)
Invest in physical commodities or commodity contracts for the purchase and sale of physical commodities; or
(7)
Invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets at the time of acquisition in any one industry with public utility companies (being electric utility companies, natural gas producing companies, transmission companies, telephone companies, and water works companies) being considered separate industries.
In connection with Restriction (2) above, the 1940 Act currently permits investment companies to borrow money so long as there is 300% asset coverage of the borrowing (i.e., borrowings do not exceed one-third of the investment companys total assets after subtracting liabilities other than the borrowings). There is no current intent to borrow money, except for the limited purposes described in the Prospectus.
Notwithstanding the investment policies and restrictions of the Fund, the Fund may invest (i) all of its investable assets in an open-end management investment company with substantially the same investment objective, policies and restrictions as the Fund; (ii) in more than one open-end management investment company sponsored by Eaton Vance or its affiliates, provided any
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
5
SAI dated May 1, 2014
such company has investment objectives, policies and restrictions that are consistent with those of the Fund. In addition, the Fund and its corresponding Portfolio may not underwrite securities of other issuers.
The Portfolio has adopted substantially the same fundamental investment restrictions as the foregoing investment restrictions adopted by the Fund; such restrictions cannot be changed without the approval of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Portfolio.
In addition, to the extent a registered open-end investment company acquires securities of a portfolio in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(G) under the 1940 Act, such portfolio shall not acquire any securities of a registered open-end investment company in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(G) under the 1940 Act.
The following nonfundamental investment policies have been adopted by the Fund and Portfolio. A nonfundamental investment policy may be changed by the Board with respect to the Fund without approval by the Funds shareholders or, with respect to the Portfolio, without approval of the Fund or its other investors. The Fund and Portfolio will not:
make short sales of securities or maintain a short position, unless at all times when a short position is open (i) it owns an equal amount of such securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable, without payment of any further consideration, for securities of the same issue as, and equal in amount to, the securities sold short or (ii) it holds in a segregated account cash or other liquid securities (to the extent required under the 1940 Act) in an amount equal to the current market value of the securities sold short, and unless not more than 25% of its net assets (taken at current value) is held as collateral for such sales at any one time; or
invest more than 15% of net assets in investments which are not readily marketable, including restricted securities and repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days. Restricted securities for the purposes of this limitation do not include securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A under the 1933 Act and commercial paper issued pursuant to Section 4(2) of said Act that the members of the Board, or their delegate, determines to be liquid. Any such determination by a delegate will be made pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board. When investing in Rule 144A securities, the level of portfolio illiquidity may be increased to the extent that eligible buyers become uninterested in purchasing such securities.
Whenever an investment policy or investment restriction set forth in the Prospectus or this SAI states a maximum percentage of assets that may be invested in any security or other asset, or describes a policy regarding quality standards, such percentage limitation or standard shall be determined immediately after and as a result of the acquisition by the Fund or Portfolio of such security or asset. Accordingly, unless otherwise noted, any later increase or decrease resulting from a change in values, assets or other circumstances or any subsequent rating change made by a rating service (or as determined by the investment adviser if the security is not rated by a rating agency), will not compel the Fund or Portfolio to dispose of such security or other asset. However, the Fund and Portfolio must always be in compliance with the borrowing policy and limitation on investing in illiquid securities set forth above. If a sale of securities is required to comply with the 15% limit on illiquid securities, such sales will be made in an orderly manner with consideration of the best interests of shareholders.
MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION
Fund Management. The Trustees of the Trust are responsible for the overall management and supervision of the affairs of the Trust. The Trustees of the Portfolio are responsible for the overall management and supervision of the Portfolio. The Board members and officers of the Trust and the Portfolio are listed below. Except as indicated, each individual has held the office shown or other offices in the same company for the last five years. Board members and officers of the Trust and the Portfolio hold indefinite terms of office. The noninterested Trustees consist of those Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust and the Portfolio, as that term is defined under the 1940 Act. The business address of each Board member and officer is Two International Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02110. As used in this SAI, EVC refers to Eaton Vance Corp., EV refers to Eaton Vance, Inc., Eaton Vance refers to Eaton Vance Management and EVD refers to Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. (see Principal Underwriter under Other Service Providers). EVC and EV are the corporate parent and trustee, respectively, of Eaton Vance and BMR. Each officer affiliated with Eaton Vance may hold a position with other Eaton Vance affiliates that is comparable to his or her position with Eaton Vance listed below.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
6
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Name and Year of Birth |
|
Trust/Portfolio
|
|
Term of Office and
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years
|
|
Number of Portfolios
|
|
Other Directorships Held
|
Interested Trustee |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
THOMAS E. FAUST JR.
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2007 |
|
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of EVC, Director and President of EV, Chief Executive Officer and President of Eaton Vance and BMR, and Director of EVD. Trustee and/or officer of 182 registered investment companies. Mr. Faust is an interested person because of his positions with BMR, Eaton Vance, EVC, EVD and EV, which are affiliates of the Trust and Portfolio. |
|
182 |
|
Director of EVC and Hexavest Inc. |
Noninterested Trustees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SCOTT E. ESTON
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2011 |
|
Private investor. Formerly held various positions at Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo and Co., L.L.C. (investment management firm) (1997-2009), including Chief Operating Officer (2002-2009), Chief Financial Officer (1997-2009) and Chairman of the Executive Committee (2002-2008); President and Principal Executive Officer, GMO Trust (open-end registered investment company) (2006-2009). Former Partner, Coopers and Lybrand L.L.P. (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) (public accounting firm) (1987-1997). |
|
182 |
|
None |
ALLEN R. FREEDMAN
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2007 |
|
Private investor. Former Chairman (2002-2004) and a Director (1983-2004) of Systems & Computer Technology Corp. (provider of software to higher education). Formerly, a Director of Loring Ward International (fund distributor) (2005-2007). Former Chairman and a Director of Indus International, Inc. (provider of enterprise management software to the power generating industry) (2005-2007). Former Chief Executive Officer of Assurant, Inc. (insurance provider) (1979-2000). |
|
182 |
|
Director of Stonemor Partners L.P. (owner and operator of cemeteries). Formerly, Director of Assurant, Inc. (insurance provider) (1979-2011). |
VALERIE A. MOSLEY
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2014 |
|
Chairwoman and Chief Executive Officer of Valmo Ventures (a consulting and investment firm). Former Partner and Senior Vice President, Portfolio Manager and Investment Strategist at Wellington Management Company, LLP (investment management firm) (1992-2012). Former Chief Investment Officer, PG Corbin Asset Management (1990-1992). Formerly worked in institutional corporate bond sales at Kidder Peabody (1986-1990). |
|
182 |
|
Director of Dynex Capital, Inc. (mortgage REIT) (since 2013). |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
7
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Name and Year of Birth |
|
Trust/Portfolio
|
|
Term of Office and
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years
|
|
Number of Portfolios
|
|
Other Directorships Held
|
WILLIAM H. PARK
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2003 |
|
Consultant and private investor. Formerly, Chief Financial Officer, Aveon Group, L.P. (investment management firm) (2010-2011). Formerly, Vice Chairman, Commercial Industrial Finance Corp. (specialty finance company) (2006-2010). Formerly, President and Chief Executive Officer, Prizm Capital Management, LLC (investment management firm) (2002-2005). Formerly, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, United Asset Management Corporation (investment management firm) (1982-2001). Formerly, Senior Manager, Price Waterhouse (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) (an independent registered public accounting firm) (1972-1981). |
|
182 |
|
None |
RONALD A. PEARLMAN
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2003 |
|
Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center. Formerly, Deputy Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy) and Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy), U.S. Department of the Treasury (1983-1985). Formerly, Chief of Staff, Joint Committee on Taxation, U.S. Congress (1988-1990). |
|
182 |
|
None |
HELEN FRAME PETERS
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2008 |
|
Professor of Finance, Carroll School of Management, Boston College. Formerly, Dean, Carroll School of Management, Boston College (2000-2002). Formerly, Chief Investment Officer, Fixed Income, Scudder Kemper Investments (investment management firm) (1998-1999). Formerly, Chief Investment Officer, Equity and Fixed Income, Colonial Management Associates (investment management firm) (1991-1998). |
|
182 |
|
Formerly, Director of BJs Wholesale Club, Inc. (wholesale club retailer) (2004-2011). Formerly, Trustee of SPDR Index Shares Funds and SPDR Series Trust (exchange traded funds) (2000-2009). Formerly, Director of Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (a bank for banks) (2007-2009). |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
8
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Name and Year of Birth |
|
Trust/Portfolio
|
|
Term of Office and
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years
|
|
Number of Portfolios
|
|
Other Directorships Held
|
HARRIETT TEE TAGGART
|
|
Trustee |
|
Since 2011 |
|
Managing Director, Taggart Associates (a professional practice firm). Formerly, Partner and Senior Vice President, Wellington Management Company, LLP (investment management firm) (1983-2006). |
|
182 |
|
Director of Albemarle Corporation (chemicals manufacturer) (since 2007) and The Hanover Group (specialty property and casualty insurance company) (since 2009). Formerly, Director of Lubrizol Corporation (specialty chemicals) (2007-2011). |
RALPH F. VERNI
|
|
Chairman of the Board and Trustee |
|
Chairman of the Board since 2007 and Trustee since 2005 |
|
Consultant and private investor. Formerly, Chief Investment Officer (1982-1992), Chief Financial Officer (1988-1990) and Director (1982-1992), New England Life. Formerly, Chairperson, New England Mutual Funds (1982-1992). Formerly, President and Chief Executive Officer, State Street Management & Research (1992-2000). Formerly, Chairperson, State Street Research Mutual Funds (1992-2000). Formerly, Director, W.P. Carey, LLC (1998-2004) and First Pioneer Farm Credit Corp. (2002-2006). |
|
182 |
|
None |
(1)
Includes both master and feeder funds in a master-feeder structure.
(2)
During their respective tenures, the Trustees (except for
Ms.
Mosley
) also served as Board members of one or more of the following funds (which operated in the years noted):
eUnits
TM
2 Year U.S. Equity Market Participation Trust: Upside to Cap / Buffered Downside (launched in 2012 and terminated in 2014);
Eaton Vance Credit Opportunities Fund (launched in 2005 and terminated in 2010); Eaton Vance Insured Florida Plus Municipal Bond Fund (launched in 2002 and terminated in 2009); and Eaton Vance National Municipal Income Trust (launched in 1998 and terminated in 2009).
*
Prior to 2013, Mr.
Swaffield
served as
Vice President
of the Trust
since
2011
.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
9
SAI dated May 1, 2014
The Board has general oversight responsibility with respect to the business and affairs of the Trust and the Fund. The Board has engaged an investment adviser and (if applicable) a sub-adviser (collectively the adviser) to manage the Fund and an administrator to administer the Fund and is responsible for overseeing such adviser and administrator and other service providers to the Trust and the Fund. The Board is currently composed of
nine
Trustees, including
eight
Trustees who are not interested persons of the Fund, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act (each a noninterested Trustee). In addition to eight regularly scheduled meetings per year, the Board holds special meetings or informal conference calls to discuss specific matters that may require action prior to the next regular meeting. As discussed below, the Board has established five committees to assist the Board in performing its oversight responsibilities.
The Board has appointed a noninterested Trustee to serve in the role of Chairman. The Chairmans primary role is to participate in the preparation of the agenda for meetings of the Board and the identification of information to be presented to the Board with respect to matters to be acted upon by the Board. The Chairman also presides at all meetings of the Board and acts as a liaison with service providers, officers, attorneys, and other Board members generally between meetings. The Chairman may perform such other functions as may be requested by the Board from time to time. Except for any duties specified herein or pursuant to the Trusts Declaration of Trust or By-laws, the designation of Chairman does not impose on such noninterested Trustee any duties, obligations or liability that is greater than the duties, obligations or liability imposed on such person as a member of the Board, generally. The Portfolio has the same leadership structure as the Trust.
The Fund and the Trust are subject to a number of risks, including, among others, investment, compliance, operational, and valuation risks. Risk oversight is part of the Boards general oversight of the Fund and the Trust and is addressed as part of various activities of the Board and its Committees. As part of its oversight of the Fund and the Trust, the Board directly, or through a Committee, relies on and reviews reports from, among others, Fund management, the adviser, the administrator, the principal underwriter, the Chief Compliance Officer (the CCO), and other Fund service providers responsible for day-to-day oversight of Fund investments, operations and compliance to assist the Board in identifying and understanding the nature and extent of risks and determining whether, and to what extent, such risks can or should be mitigated. The Board also interacts with the CCO and with senior personnel of the adviser, administrator, principal underwriter and other Fund service providers and provides input on risk management issues during meetings of the Board and its Committees. Each of the adviser, administrator, principal underwriter and the other Fund service providers has its own, independent interest and responsibilities in risk management, and its policies and methods for carrying out risk management functions will depend, in part, on its individual priorities, resources and controls. It is not possible to identify all of the risks that may affect the Fund or to develop processes and controls to eliminate or mitigate their occurrence or effects. Moreover, it is necessary to bear certain risks (such as investment-related risks) to achieve the Funds goals.
The Board, with the assistance of management and with input from the Board's various committees, reviews investment policies and risks in connection with its review of Fund performance. The Board has appointed a Fund Chief Compliance Officer who oversees the implementation and testing of the Fund compliance program and reports to the Board regarding compliance matters for the Fund and
its
principal service providers. In addition, as part of the Boards periodic review of the advisory, subadvisory (if applicable), distribution and other service provider agreements, the Board may consider risk management aspects of their operations and the functions for which they are responsible. With respect to valuation, the Board approves and periodically reviews valuation policies and procedures applicable to valuing the Funds shares. The administrator, the investment adviser and the sub-adviser (if applicable) are responsible for the implementation and day-to-day administration of these valuation policies and procedures and provides reports
to the
Audit Committee of the Board and the
Board regarding these and related matters. In addition, the
Audit Committee of the
Board or
the Board receives reports periodically from the independent public accounting firm for the Fund regarding tests performed by such firm on the valuation of all securities, as well as with respect to other risks associated with mutual funds. Reports received from service providers, legal counsel and the independent public accounting firm assist the Board in performing its oversight function. The Portfolio has the same risk oversight approach as the Fund and the Trust.
The Trusts Declaration of Trust does not set forth any specific qualifications to serve as a Trustee. The Charter of the Governance Committee also does not set forth any specific qualifications, but does set forth certain factors that the Committee may take into account in considering noninterested Trustee candidates. In general, no one factor is decisive in the selection of an individual to join the Board. Among the factors the Board considers when concluding that an individual should serve on the Board are the following: (i) knowledge in matters relating to the mutual fund industry; (ii) experience as a director or senior officer of public companies; (iii) educational background; (iv) reputation for high ethical standards and professional integrity; (v) specific financial, technical or other expertise, and the extent to which such expertise would complement the Board members existing mix of skills, core competencies and qualifications; (vi) perceived ability to contribute to the ongoing functions of the Board, including the ability and commitment to attend meetings regularly and work collaboratively with other members of the
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
10
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Board; (vii) the ability to qualify as a noninterested Trustee for purposes of the 1940 Act and any other actual or potential conflicts of interest involving the individual and the Fund; and (viii) such other factors as the Board determines to be relevant in light of the existing composition of the Board.
Among the attributes or skills common to all Board members are their ability to review critically, evaluate, question and discuss information provided to them, to interact effectively with the other members of the Board, management, sub-advisers, other service providers, counsel and independent registered public accounting firms, and to exercise effective and independent business judgment in the performance of their duties as members of the Board. Each Board members ability to perform his or her duties effectively has been attained through the Board members business, consulting, public service and/or academic positions and through experience from service as a member of the Boards of the Eaton Vance family of funds (Eaton Vance Fund Boards) (and/or in other capacities, including for any predecessor funds), public companies, or non-profit entities or other organizations as set forth below. Each Board members ability to perform his or her duties effectively also has been enhanced by his or her educational background, professional training, and/or other life experiences.
In respect of each current member of the Board, the individuals substantial professional accomplishments and experience, including in fields related to the operations of registered investment companies, were a significant factor in the determination that the individual should serve as a member of the Board. The following is a summary of each Board members particular professional experience and additional considerations that contributed to the Boards conclusion that he or she should serve as a member of the Board:
Scott E. Eston.
Mr. Eston has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2011. He currently serves on the
board and on the
investment
committee
of
Michigan State University Foundation, and on the
investment
advisory committee of Michigan State University
. From 1997 through 2009, Mr. Eston served in several capacities at Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo and Co. (GMO), including as Chairman of the Executive Committee and Chief Operating and Chief Financial Officer, and also as the President and Principal Executive officer of GMO Trust, an affiliated open-end registered investment company. From 1978 through 1997, Mr. Eston was employed at Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P. (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) (since 1987 as a Partner).
Thomas E. Faust Jr.
Mr. Faust has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2007. He is currently Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of EVC, Director and President of EV, Chief Executive Officer and President of Eaton Vance and BMR, and Director of EVD. Mr. Faust has served as a Director of Hexavest Inc. since 2012. Mr. Faust previously served as an equity analyst, portfolio manager, Director of Equity Research and Management and Chief Investment Officer of Eaton Vance (1985-2007). He holds B.S. degrees in Mechanical Engineering and Economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and an MBA from Harvard Business School. Mr. Faust has been a Chartered Financial Analyst since 1988.
Allen R. Freedman. Mr. Freedman has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2007 and is the Chairperson of the Governance Committee. Mr. Freedman also serves as a Director of Stonemor Partners L.P. where he also serves as the Chair of the Audit Committee and a member of the Trust and Compliance Committee. Mr. Freedman was previously a Director of Assurant, Inc. from 1979-2011, a Director of Systems & Computer Technology Corp. from 1983-2004 and Chairman from 2002-2004, a Director of Loring Ward International from 2005-2007 and Chairman and a Director of Indus International, Inc. from 2005-2007. Mr. Freedman was formerly the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Fortis, Inc. (predecessor to Assurant, Inc.), a specialty insurance company from which he retired in 2000. Mr. Freedman also served as a Director of the Fortis Mutual Funds and First Fortis Life Insurance Company. Mr. Freedman is a founding director of the Association of Audit Committee Members, Inc.
Valerie A. Mosley. Ms. Mosley has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since January 1, 2014. She currently owns and manages a consulting and investment firm, Valmo Ventures. From 1992 through 2012, Ms. Mosley served in several capacities at Wellington Management Company, LLP, an investment management firm, including as a Partner, Senior Vice President, Portfolio Manager and Investment Strategist. Ms. Mosley also served as Chief Investment Officer at PG Corbin Asset Management from 1990-1992 and worked in institutional corporate bond sales at Kidder Peabody from 1986-1990. Ms. Mosley is a Director of Dynex Capital, Inc., a mortgage REIT, and also serves as a trustee or board member of several major non-profit organizations and endowments, including Wheelock Colleges endowment, Mass Ventures, a quasi-public early-stage investment corporation active in Massachusetts, and the Federal Reserve Bank of Bostons Advisory Board for Diversity.
William H. Park. Mr. Park has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2003 and is the Chairperson of the Audit Committee. Mr. Park was formerly the Chief Financial Officer of Aveon Group, L.P. from 2010-2011. Mr. Park also served as Vice Chairman of Commercial Industrial Finance Corp. from 2006-2010, as President and Chief Executive Officer of Prizm
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
11
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Capital Management, LLC from 2002-2005, as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of United Asset Management Corporation from 1982-2001 and as Senior Manager of Price Waterhouse (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) from 1972-1981.
Ronald A. Pearlman. Mr. Pearlman has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2003 and is the Chairperson of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee. He is a Professor of Law at Georgetown University Law Center. Previously, Mr. Pearlman was Deputy Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy) and Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy), U.S. Department of the Treasury from 1983-1985 and served as Chief of Staff, Joint Committee on Taxation, U.S. Congress from 1988-1990. Mr. Pearlman was engaged in the private practice of law from 1969-2000, with the exception of the periods of government service. He represented large domestic and multinational businesses in connection with the tax aspects of complex transactions and high net worth individuals in connection with tax and business planning.
Helen Frame Peters.
Ms. Peters has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2008
and is a Co-Chairperson of the Portfolio Management Committee. Ms. Peters
is currently a Professor of Finance at Carroll School of Management, Boston College and was formerly Dean of Carroll School of Management from 2000-2002. Ms. Peters was previously a Director of BJs Wholesale Club, Inc. from 2004-2011. In addition, Ms. Peters was the Chief Investment Officer, Fixed Income at Scudder Kemper Investments from 1998-1999 and Chief Investment Officer, Equity and Fixed Income at Colonial Management Associates from 1991-1998. Ms. Peters also served as a Trustee of SPDR Index Shares Funds and SPDR Series Trust from 2000-2009 and as a Director of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston from 2007-2009.
Harriett Tee Taggart.
Ms. Taggart has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2011
and is a Co-Chairperson of the Portfolio Management Committee. Ms. Taggart
currently manages a professional practice, Taggart Associates. Since 2007, Ms. Taggart has been a Director of Albemarle Corporation, a specialty chemical company where she serves as a member of the Audit Committee and member of the Nomination and Governance Committee. Since 2009 she has served as a Director of the Hanover Insurance Group, Inc. where she also serves as member of the Audit Committee. Ms. Taggart is also a trustee or member of several major non-profit boards, advisory committees and endowment investment companies. From 1983 through 2006, Ms. Taggart served in several capacities at Wellington Management Company, LLP, an investment management firm, including as a Partner, Senior Vice President and chemical industry sector portfolio manager. Ms. Taggart also served as a Director of the Lubrizol Corporation, a specialty chemicals manufacturer from 2007-2011.
Ralph F. Verni. Mr. Verni has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2005 and is the Independent Chairperson of the Board and the Chairperson of the Contract Review Committee. Mr. Verni was formerly the Chief Investment Officer (from 1982-1992), Chief Financial Officer (from 1988-1990) and Director (from 1982-1992) of New England Life. Mr. Verni was also the Chairperson of the New England Mutual Funds from 1982-1992; President and Chief Executive Officer of State Street Management & Research from 1992-2000; Chairperson of the State Street Research Mutual Funds from 1992-2000; Director of W.P. Carey, LLC from 1998-2004; and Director of First Pioneer Farm Credit Corp. from 2002-2006. Mr. Verni has been a Chartered Financial Analyst since 1977.
The Board of the Trust and the Portfolio have several standing Committees, including the Governance Committee, the Audit Committee, the Portfolio Management Committee, the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee and the Contract Review Committee. Each of the Committees are comprised of only noninterested Trustees.
Messrs. Freedman (Chair), Eston,
Park, Pearlman and Verni, and Mmes.
Mosley,
Peters
and Taggart are members of the Governance Committee. The purpose of the Governance Committee is to consider, evaluate and make recommendations to the Board with respect to the structure, membership and operation of the Board and the Committees thereof, including the nomination and selection of noninterested Trustees and a Chairperson of the Board and the compensation of such persons. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Governance Committee convened
eight
times.
The Governance Committee will, when a vacancy exists or is anticipated, consider any nominee for noninterested Trustee recommended by a shareholder if such recommendation is submitted in writing to the Governance Committee, contains sufficient background information concerning the candidate, including evidence the candidate is willing to serve as a noninterested Trustee if selected for the position, and is received in a sufficiently timely manner.
Messrs. Park (Chair), Eston, Pearlman and Verni, and Ms. Peters are members of the Audit Committee. The Board has designated Mr. Park, a noninterested Trustee, as audit committee financial expert. The Audit Committees purposes are to (i) oversee the
Fund's
and
the Portfolio's
accounting and financial reporting processes, its internal control over financial reporting, and, as appropriate, the internal control over financial reporting of certain service providers; (ii) oversee or, as appropriate, assist Board oversight of the quality and integrity of the
Fund's
and
the Portfolio's
financial statements and the
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
12
SAI dated May 1, 2014
independent audit thereof; (iii) oversee, or, as appropriate, assist Board oversight of, the
Fund's
and
the Portfolio's
compliance with legal and regulatory requirements that relate to the
Fund's
and
the Portfolio's
accounting and financial reporting, internal control over financial reporting and independent audits; (iv) approve prior to appointment the engagement and, when appropriate, replacement of the independent registered public accounting firm, and, if applicable, nominate the independent registered public accounting firm to be proposed for shareholder ratification in any proxy statement of the Fund; (v) evaluate the qualifications, independence and performance of the independent registered public accounting firm and the audit partner in charge of leading the audit; and (vi) prepare, as necessary, audit committee reports consistent with the requirements of applicable SEC and stock exchange rules for inclusion in the proxy statement of the Fund. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Audit Committee convened
eighteen
times.
Messrs. Verni (Chair),
Eston
, Freedman and Park, and Mmes.
Mosley,
Peters
and Taggart are
members of the Contract Review Committee. The purposes of the Contract Review Committee are to consider, evaluate and make recommendations to the Board concerning the following matters: (i) contractual arrangements with each service provider to the Fund and
the
Portfolio, including advisory, sub-advisory, transfer agency, custodial and fund accounting, distribution services and administrative services; (ii) any and all other matters in which any service provider (including Eaton Vance or any affiliated entity thereof) has an actual or potential conflict of interest with the interests of the Fund,
the
Portfolio or investors therein; and (iii) any other matter appropriate for review by the noninterested Trustees, unless the matter is within the responsibilities of the other Committees of the Board. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Contract Review Committee convened
seven
times.
Mmes. Peters and Taggart
(Co-Chairs) and Mosley and Mr. Freedman
are
members of the Portfolio Management Committee. The purposes of the Portfolio Management Committee are to: (i) assist the Board in its oversight of the portfolio management process employed by the Fund and the Portfolio and
its
investment adviser and sub-adviser(s), if applicable, relative to the Funds and
the Portfolio's
stated objective(s), strategies and restrictions; (ii) assist the Board in its oversight of the trading policies and procedures and risk management techniques applicable to the Fund and the Portfolio; and (iii) assist the Board in its monitoring of the performance results of all funds and portfolios, giving special attention to the performance of certain funds and portfolios that it or the Board identifies from time to time. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Portfolio Management Committee convened
six
times.
Messrs. Pearlman (Chair
), Eston
and
Park
are
members of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee. The purposes of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee are to: (i) assist the Board in its oversight role with respect to compliance issues and certain other regulatory matters affecting the Fund and the Portfolio; (ii) serve as a liaison between the Board and the Funds and
the Portfolio's
CCO; and (iii) serve as a qualified legal compliance committee within the rules promulgated by the SEC. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee convened
ten
times.
Share Ownership.
The following table shows the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by each Trustee in the Fund and in the Eaton Vance family of funds overseen by the Trustee as of December 31,
2013
. Interests in the Portfolio cannot be purchased by a Trustee.
Name of Trustee |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity
|
Interested Trustee |
|
|
Thomas E. Faust Jr. |
over $100,000 |
over $100,000 |
Noninterested Trustees |
|
|
Scott E. Eston |
None |
over $100,000 * |
Allen R. Freedman |
None |
over $100,000 |
Valerie A. Mosley ** |
None |
None |
William H. Park |
None |
over $100,000 |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
13
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Name of Trustee |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity
|
Ronald A. Pearlman |
None |
over $100,000 |
Helen Frame Peters |
None |
over $100,000 |
Harriett Tee Taggart |
None |
over $100,000 |
Ralph F. Verni |
None |
over $100,000 |
* Includes shares which may be deemed to be beneficially owned through the Trustee Deferred Compensation Plan. |
||
** Ms. Mosley was appointed as a Trustee effective January 1, 2014. |
As of December 31,
2013
, no noninterested Trustee or any of their immediate family members owned beneficially or of record any class of securities of EVC, EVD or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD.
During the calendar years ended December 31,
2012
and December 31,
2013
, no noninterested Trustee (or their immediate family members) had:
(1)
Any direct or indirect interest in Eaton Vance, EVC, EVD or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD;
(2)
Any direct or indirect material interest in any transaction or series of similar transactions with (i) the Trust or any Fund; (ii) another fund managed by EVC, distributed by EVD or a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; (iii) EVC or EVD; (iv) a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; or (v) an officer of any of the above; or
(3)
Any direct or indirect relationship with (i) the Trust or any Fund; (ii) another fund managed by EVC, distributed by EVD or a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; (iii) EVC or EVD; (iv) a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; or (v) an officer of any of the above.
During the calendar years ended December 31,
2012
and December 31,
2013
, no officer of EVC, EVD or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD served on the Board of Directors of a company where a noninterested Trustee of the Trust or the Portfolio or any of their immediate family members served as an officer.
Noninterested Trustees may elect to defer receipt of all or a percentage of their annual fees in accordance with the terms of a Trustees Deferred Compensation Plan (the Deferred Compensation Plan). Under the Deferred Compensation Plan, an eligible Board member may elect to have his or her deferred fees invested in the shares of one or more funds in the Eaton Vance family of funds, and the amount paid to the Board members under the Deferred Compensation Plan will be determined based upon the performance of such investments. Deferral of Board members fees in accordance with the Deferred Compensation Plan will have a negligible effect on the assets, liabilities, and net income of a participating fund or portfolio, and do not require that a participating Board member be retained. There is no retirement plan for Board members.
The fees and expenses of the Trustees of the Trust and the Portfolio are paid by the Fund (and other series of the Trust) and the Portfolio, respectively. (A Board member who is a member of the Eaton Vance organization receives no compensation from the Trust and the Portfolio.) During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Trustees of the Trust and the Portfolio earned the following compensation in their capacities as Board members from the Trust and the Portfolio. For the year ended December 31,
2013
, the Board members earned the following compensation in their capacities as members of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards
(1)
:
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
14
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Source of Compensation |
Scott E.
|
Allen R.
|
Valerie A.
|
William H.
|
Ronald A.
|
Helen Frame
|
Harriett Tee
|
Ralph F.
|
Trust (2) |
$ 4,537 |
$ 4,350 |
$ 4,071 |
$ 4,410 |
$ 4,410 |
$ 4,071 |
$ 4,444 |
$ 6,106 |
Portfolio |
527 (3) |
508 |
479 |
519 |
519 |
479 |
517 |
719 (4) |
Trust and Fund Complex (1) |
$ 245,000 (5) |
$ 255,000 |
$ 240,000 |
$ 260,000 |
$ 260,000 |
$ 240,000 |
$ 240,000 |
$ 360,000 (6) |
(1)
As of May 1, 2014, the Eaton Vance fund complex consists of 182 registered investment companies or series thereof. Ms. Mosley was appointed as a Trustee effective January 1, 2014, and thus the compensation figures listed for the Trust, the Portfolio and the Trust and Fund Complex are estimated based on amounts she would have received if she had been a Trustee for the 2013 calendar year and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013. Benjamin C. Esty resigned as a Trustee effective December 31, 2013. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, Mr. Esty received Trustee fees of $4,410 from the Trust and $519 from the Portfolio. For the calendar year ended December 31, 2013, he received $260,000 from the Trust and Fund Complex. Lynn A. Stout resigned as a Trustee effective March 31, 2014. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, Ms. Stout received Trustee fees of $4,130 from the Trust and $491 from the Portfolio, which included $93 of deferred compensation. For the calendar year ended December 31, 2013, she received $245,000 from the Trust and Fund Complex, which included $45,000 of deferred compensation.
(2)
The Trust consisted of 15 Funds as of December 31,
2013
.
(3)
Includes $
527
of deferred compensation.
(4)
Includes $
355
of deferred compensation.
(5)
Includes $
236,017
of deferred compensation.
(6)
Includes $
171,250 of deferred compensation.
Fund Organization. The Fund is a series of the Trust, which was organized under Massachusetts law on March 27, 1989 and is operated as an open-end management investment company. The Trust may issue an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest (no par value per share) in one or more series (such as the Fund). The Trustees of the Trust have divided the shares of the Fund into multiple classes. Each class represents an interest in the Fund, but is subject to different expenses, rights and privileges. The Trustees have the authority under the Declaration of Trust to create additional classes of shares with differing rights and privileges. When issued and outstanding, shares are fully paid and nonassessable by the Trust. Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each full share held. Fractional shares may be voted proportionately. Shares of the Fund will be voted together except that only shareholders of a particular class may vote on matters affecting only that class. Shares have no preemptive or conversion rights and are freely transferable. In the event of the liquidation of the Fund, shareholders of each class are entitled to share pro rata in the net assets attributable to that class available for distribution to shareholders.
As permitted by Massachusetts law, there will normally be no meetings of shareholders for the purpose of electing Trustees unless and until such time as less than
two-thirds
of the Trustees of the Trust holding office have been elected by shareholders. In such an event the Trustees then in office will call a shareholders meeting for the election of Trustees. Except for the foregoing circumstances and unless removed by action of the shareholders in accordance with the Trusts By-laws, the Trustees shall continue to hold office and may appoint successor Trustees. The Trusts By-laws provide that
any Trustee may be removed with or without cause, by (i) the affirmative vote of holders of two-thirds of the shares or, (ii) the affirmative vote of, or written instrument, signed by at least two-thirds of the remaining Trustees, provided however, that the removal of any noninterested Trustee shall additionally require the affirmative vote of, or a written instrument executed by, at least two-thirds of the remaining noninterested Trustees.
No person shall serve as a Trustee if shareholders holding two-thirds of the outstanding shares have removed him or her from that office either by a written declaration filed with the Trusts custodian or by votes cast at a meeting called for that purpose. The By-laws further provide that under certain circumstances the shareholders may call a meeting to remove a Trustee and that the Trust is required to provide assistance in communication with shareholders about such a meeting.
The Trusts Declaration of Trust may be amended by the Trustees when authorized by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust, the financial interests of which are affected by the amendment. The Trustees may also amend the Declaration of Trust without the vote or consent of shareholders to change the name of the Trust or any series or to make such other changes (such as reclassifying series or classes of shares or restructuring the Trust) as do not have a materially adverse effect on the financial interests of shareholders or if they deem it necessary to conform it to applicable federal or state laws or regulations. The Trusts By-laws provide that the Trust will indemnify its Trustees and officers against liabilities and expenses incurred in connection with any litigation or proceeding in which they may be involved because of their offices with the Trust. However, no indemnification will be provided to any Trustee or officer for any liability to the Trust or shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
15
SAI dated May 1, 2014
The Trust or any series or class thereof may be terminated by: (1) the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than two-thirds of the shares outstanding and entitled to vote at any meeting of shareholders of the Trust or the appropriate series or class thereof, or by an instrument or instruments in writing without a meeting, consented to by the holders of two-thirds of the shares of the Trust or a series or class thereof, provided, however, that, if such termination is recommended by the Trustees, the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust or a series or class thereof entitled to vote thereon shall be sufficient authorization; or (2) by the approval of a majority of the Trustees then in office, to be followed by a written notice to shareholders.
Under Massachusetts law, if certain conditions prevail, shareholders of a Massachusetts business trust (such as the Trust) could be deemed to have personal liability for the obligations of the Trust. Numerous investment companies registered under the 1940 Act have been formed as Massachusetts business trusts, and management is not aware of an instance where such liability has been imposed. The Trusts Declaration of Trust contains an express disclaimer of liability on the part of Fund shareholders and the Trusts By-laws provide that the Trust shall assume the defense on behalf of any Fund shareholders. The Declaration of Trust also contains provisions limiting the liability of a series or class to that series or class. Moreover, the Trusts By-laws also provide for indemnification out of Fund property of any shareholder held personally liable solely by reason of being or having been a shareholder for all loss or expense arising from such liability. The assets of the Fund are readily marketable and will ordinarily substantially exceed its liabilities. In light of the nature of the Funds business and the nature of its assets, management believes that the possibility of the Fund ’ s liability exceeding its assets, and therefore the shareholder ’ s risk of personal liability, is remote.
Portfolio Organization. The Portfolio was organized as a business trust under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts on December 14, 2009 and intends to be treated as a partnership for federal tax purposes. Prior to that date, the Portfolio was organized as a New York trust on February 28, 2000. In accordance with the Declaration of Trust of the Portfolio, there will normally be no meetings of the investors for the purpose of electing Trustees unless and until such time as less than a majority of the Trustees of the Portfolio holding office have been elected by investors. In such an event the Trustees of the Portfolio then in office will call an investors meeting for the election of Trustees. Except for the foregoing circumstances and unless removed by action of the investors in accordance with the Portfolios Declaration of Trust, the Trustees shall continue to hold office and may appoint successor Trustees.
The Declaration of Trust of the Portfolio provides that
any
Trustee
may be removed, with or without cause, by (i) the affirmative vote of
investors holding two-thirds of the outstanding interests
or, (ii) the affirmative vote of, or a written instrument executed by, at least two-thirds of the remaining Trustees, provided however,
that
the removal of any noninterested Trustee shall additionally require the affirmative vote of, or
a written
instrument executed by, at least two-thirds of the remaining noninterested Trustees
. The Portfolios By-laws provide that the Portfolio will indemnify its Trustees and officers against liabilities and expenses incurred in connection with any litigation or proceeding in which they may be involved because of their offices with the Portfolio. However, no indemnification will be provided to any Trustee or officer for any liability to the Portfolio or interestholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.
Under Massachusetts law, if certain conditions prevail, shareholders of a Massachusetts business trust (such as the Portfolio) could be deemed to have personal liability for the obligations of the Portfolio. Numerous investment companies registered under the 1940 Act have been formed as Massachusetts business trusts, and management is not aware of an instance where such liability has been imposed. The Portfolios Declaration of Trust contains an express disclaimer of liability on the part of Portfolio interestholders and the By-laws provide that the Portfolio shall assume the defense on behalf of any Portfolio interestholders. Moreover, the By-laws also provide for indemnification out of Portfolio property of any interestholder held personally liable solely by reason of being or having been an interestholder for all loss or expense arising from such liability. The assets of the Portfolio are readily marketable and will ordinarily substantially exceed its liabilities. In light of the nature of the Portfolios business and the nature of its assets, management believes that the possibility of the Portfolios liability exceeding its assets, and therefore the interestholders risk of personal liability, is remote.
The Fund may be required to vote on matters pertaining to the Portfolio. When required by law to do so, the Fund will hold a meeting of Fund shareholders and will vote its interest in the Portfolio for or against such matters proportionately to the instructions to vote for or against such matters received from Fund shareholders. The Fund shall vote shares for which it receives no voting instructions in the same proportion as the shares for which it receives voting instructions. Other investors in the Portfolio may alone or collectively acquire sufficient voting interests in the Portfolio to control matters relating to the operation of the Portfolio, which may require the Fund to withdraw its investment in the Portfolio or take other appropriate action. Any such withdrawal could result in a distribution in kind of portfolio securities (as opposed to a cash distribution from the Portfolio). If securities are distributed, the Fund could incur brokerage, tax or other charges in converting the securities to cash. In addition,
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
16
SAI dated May 1, 2014
the distribution in kind may result in a less diversified portfolio of investments or adversely affect the liquidity of the Fund. Notwithstanding the above, there are other means for meeting shareholder redemption requests, such as borrowing.
Proxy Voting Policy. The Board adopted a proxy voting policy and procedures (the Fund Policy), pursuant to which the Board has delegated proxy voting responsibility to the investment adviser and adopted the proxy voting policies and procedures of the investment adviser (the Adviser Policies). An independent proxy voting service has been retained to assist in the voting of Fund proxies through the provision of vote analysis, implementation and recordkeeping and disclosure services. The members of the Board will review the Funds and Portfolios proxy voting records from time to time and will annually consider approving the Adviser Policies for the upcoming year. For a copy of the Fund Policy and Adviser Policies, see Appendix D and Appendix E, respectively. Pursuant to certain provisions of the 1940 Act and certain exemptive orders relating to funds investing in other funds, a Fund or Portfolio may be required or may elect to vote its interest in another fund in the same proportion as the holders of all other shares of that fund. Information on how the Fund and Portfolio voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 is available (1) without charge, upon request, by calling 1-800-262-1122, and (2) on the SECs website at http://www.sec.gov.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES
Investment Advisory Services. The investment adviser manages the investments and affairs of the Portfolio and provides related office facilities and personnel subject to the supervision of the Portfolios Board of Trustees. The investment adviser furnishes investment research, advice and supervision, furnishes an investment program and determines what securities will be purchased, held or sold by the Portfolio and what portion, if any, of the Portfolios assets will be held uninvested. The Investment Advisory Agreement requires the investment adviser to pay the salaries and fees of all officers and Trustees of the Portfolio who are members of the investment adviser's organization and all personnel of the investment adviser performing services relating to research and investment activities.
For a description of the compensation that the Portfolio pays the investment adviser, see the Prospectus. The following table sets forth the net assets of the Portfolio and the advisory fees for the three fiscal years ended December 31,
2013
.
Net Assets at |
Advisory Fee for Fiscal Years Ended |
||
December 31, 2013 |
December 31, 2013 |
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
$177,699,820 |
$558,509 |
$545,652 |
$622,848 |
The Investment Advisory Agreement with the investment adviser continues in effect from year to year so long as such continuance is approved at least annually (i) by the vote of a majority of the noninterested Trustees of the Portfolio cast in person at a meeting specifically called for the purpose of voting on such approval and (ii) by the Board of Trustees of the Portfolio or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Portfolio. The Agreement may be terminated at any time without penalty on sixty (60) days written notice by the Board of either party, or by vote of the majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Portfolio, and the Agreement will terminate automatically in the event of its assignment. The Agreement provides that the investment adviser may render services to others. The Agreement also provides that the investment adviser shall not be liable for any loss incurred in connection with the performance of its duties, or action taken or omitted under the Agreement, in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its obligations and duties thereunder, or for any losses sustained in the acquisition, holding or disposition of any security or other investment.
Information About BMR and Eaton Vance.
BMR and Eaton Vance are business trusts organized under the laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts. EV serves as trustee of BMR and Eaton Vance. EV and Eaton Vance are wholly-owned subsidiaries of EVC, a Maryland corporation and publicly-held holding company. BMR is an indirect subsidiary of EVC. EVC through its subsidiaries and affiliates engages primarily in investment management, administration and marketing activities. The Directors of EVC are Thomas E. Faust Jr., Ann E. Berman, Leo I. Higdon, Jr., Dorothy E. Puhy
, Winthrop H. Smith, Jr. and Richard A. Spillane, Jr. All shares of the outstanding Voting Common Stock of EVC are deposited in a Voting Trust, the Voting Trustees of which are Mr. Faust, Jeffrey P. Beale, Daniel C. Cataldo, Cynthia J. Clemson
, James H. Evans
, Maureen A. Gemma, Laurie G. Hylton, Brian D. Langstraat, Michael R. Mach, Frederick S. Marius, David C. McCabe, Thomas M. Metzold, Scott H. Page,
Charles B. Reed
, Walter A. Row, III,
Craig P. Russ
, David M. Stein, Payson F. Swaffield, Michael W. Weilheimer
, Kelly Williams
and Matthew J. Witkos (all of whom are officers of Eaton Vance or its affiliates). The Voting Trustees have unrestricted voting rights for the election of Directors of EVC. All of the outstanding voting trust receipts issued under said Voting Trust are owned by certain of the officers of BMR and Eaton Vance who may also be officers, or officers and Directors of EVC and EV. As indicated under Management and Organization, all of the officers of the Trust (as well as Mr. Faust who is also a Trustee) hold positions in the Eaton Vance organization.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
17
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Code of Ethics. The investment adviser, principal underwriter, and the Fund and Portfolio have adopted Codes of Ethics governing personal securities transactions. Under the Codes, employees of the investment adviser and the principal underwriter may purchase and sell securities (including securities held or eligible for purchase by the Fund or Portfolio) subject to the provisions of the Codes and certain employees are also subject to pre-clearance, reporting requirements and other procedures.
Portfolio Managers. The portfolio managers (each referred to as a portfolio manager) of the Portfolio are listed below. Each portfolio manager manages other investment companies and/or investment accounts in addition to the Portfolio. The following table shows, as of the Portfolios most recent fiscal year end, the number of accounts each portfolio manager managed in each of the listed categories and the total assets (in millions of dollars) in the accounts managed within each category. The table also shows the number of accounts with respect to which the advisory fee is based on the performance of the account, if any, and the total assets (in millions of dollars) in those accounts.
|
Number of
|
Total Assets of
|
Number of Accounts
|
Total Assets of Accounts
|
Thomas H. Luster (1) |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
6 |
$ 539.5 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
2 |
$ 3,027.9 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Accounts |
4 |
$ 137.4 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Bernard Scozzafava |
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment Companies |
1 |
$ 177.7 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$ 0 |
0 |
$ 0 |
Other Accounts |
12 |
$ 188.8 |
0 |
$ 0 |
(1)
This portfolio manager serves as portfolio manager of one or more registered investment companies that invests or may invest in one or more underlying registered investment companies in the Eaton Vance family of funds
or other pooled investment vehicles sponsored by Eaton Vance.
The underlying investment companies may be managed by this portfolio manager or another portfolio manager(s).
The following table shows the dollar range of
equity securities
beneficially owned
in the Fund
by the portfolio manager(s) as of the Funds most recent fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
and in the Eaton Vance family of funds as of December 31,
2013
. Interests in the Portfolio cannot be purchased by a portfolio manager.
It is possible that conflicts of interest may arise in connection with a portfolio managers management of the Portfolios investments on the one hand and the investments of other accounts for which the portfolio manager is responsible on the other. For example, a portfolio manager may have conflicts of interest in allocating management time, resources and investment opportunities among the Portfolio and other accounts he advises. In addition, due to differences in the investment strategies or restrictions between the Portfolio and the other accounts, a portfolio manager may take action with respect to another account that differs from the action taken with respect to the Portfolio. In some cases, another account managed by a portfolio manager may compensate the investment adviser based on the performance of the securities held by that account. The existence of such a performance based fee may create additional conflicts of interest for the portfolio manager in the allocation of management time, resources and investment opportunities. Whenever conflicts of interest arise, the portfolio manager will endeavor to exercise his discretion in a manner that he believes is equitable to all interested persons. The investment adviser has adopted several policies and procedures designed to address these potential conflicts including a code of ethics and policies that govern the investment advisers trading practices, including among other things the aggregation and allocation of trades among clients, brokerage allocation, cross trades and best execution.
Compensation Structure for BMR. Compensation of the investment advisers portfolio managers and other investment professionals has three primary components: (1) a base salary, (2) an annual cash bonus, and (3) annual stock-based compensation consisting of options to purchase shares of EVCs nonvoting common stock and restricted shares of EVCs nonvoting common stock. The investment advisers investment professionals also receive certain retirement, insurance and other benefits that are broadly available to the investment advisers employees. Compensation of the investment advisers investment
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
18
SAI dated May 1, 2014
professionals is reviewed primarily on an annual basis. Cash bonuses, stock-based compensation awards, and adjustments in base salary are typically paid or put into effect at or shortly after the October 31st fiscal year end of EVC.
Method to Determine Compensation. The investment adviser compensates its portfolio managers based primarily on the scale and complexity of their portfolio responsibilities and the total return performance of managed funds and accounts versus the benchmark(s) stated in the prospectus, as well as an appropriate peer group (as described below). In addition to rankings within peer groups of funds on the basis of absolute performance, consideration may also be given to relative risk-adjusted performance. Risk-adjusted performance measures include, but are not limited to, the Sharpe ratio. Performance is normally based on periods ending on the September 30th preceding fiscal year end. Fund performance is normally evaluated primarily versus peer groups of funds as determined by Lipper Inc. and/or Morningstar, Inc. When a funds peer group as determined by Lipper or Morningstar is deemed by the investment advisers management not to provide a fair comparison, performance may instead be evaluated primarily against a custom peer group or market index. In evaluating the performance of a fund and its manager, primary emphasis is normally placed on three-year performance, with secondary consideration of performance over longer and shorter periods. For funds that are tax-managed or otherwise have an objective of after-tax returns, performance is measured net of taxes. For other funds, performance is evaluated on a pre-tax basis. For funds with an investment objective other than total return (such as current income), consideration will also be given to the funds success in achieving its objective. For managers responsible for multiple funds and accounts, investment performance is evaluated on an aggregate basis, based on averages or weighted averages among managed funds and accounts. Funds and accounts that have performance-based advisory fees are not accorded disproportionate weightings in measuring aggregate portfolio manager performance.
The compensation of portfolio managers with other job responsibilities (such as heading an investment group or providing analytical support to other portfolios) will include consideration of the scope of such responsibilities and the managers performance in meeting them.
The investment adviser seeks to compensate portfolio managers commensurate with their responsibilities and performance, and competitive with other firms within the investment management industry. The investment adviser participates in investment-industry compensation surveys and utilizes survey data as a factor in determining salary, bonus and stock-based compensation levels for portfolio managers and other investment professionals. Salaries, bonuses and stock-based compensation are also influenced by the operating performance of the investment adviser and its parent company. The overall annual cash bonus pool is generally based on a substantially fixed percentage of pre-bonus adjusted operating income. While the salaries of the investment advisers portfolio managers are comparatively fixed, cash bonuses and stock-based compensation may fluctuate significantly from year to year, based on changes in manager performance and other factors as described herein. For a high performing portfolio manager, cash bonuses and stock-based compensation may represent a substantial portion of total compensation.
Commodity Futures Trading Commission Registration.
Effective December 31, 2012, the CFTC adopted certain regulatory changes that subject registered investment companies and advisers to regulation by the CFTC if a fund invests more than a prescribed level of its assets in certain CFTC-regulated instruments (including futures, certain options and swaps agreements) or markets itself as providing investment exposure to such instruments. The Fund has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term commodity pool operator under the Commodity Exchange Act
. Accordingly neither the Fund nor the investment adviser with respect to the operation of the Fund
is
subject to CFTC regulation. Because of
their
management of other strategies,
Eaton Vance and
BMR
are
registered with the CFTC as
commodity pool
operators
. Eaton Vance
and BMR are
also registered as
commodity trading
advisors.
The CFTC has neither reviewed nor approved the Funds investment strategies or this
SAI
.
Administrative Services. As indicated in the Prospectus, Eaton Vance serves as administrator of the Fund, but currently receives no compensation for providing administrative services to the Fund. Under the Agreement, Eaton Vance has been engaged to administer the Funds affairs, subject to the supervision of the Board, and shall furnish office space and all necessary office facilities, equipment and personnel for administering the affairs of the Fund.
Sub-Transfer Agency
Support
Services.
Eaton Vance
provides
sub-transfer
agency and related services to
Eaton Vance
mutual funds pursuant to a Sub-Transfer Agency Support Services Agreement. Under the agreement, Eaton Vance provides
: (1)
specified sub-transfer agency services
; (2)
compliance monitoring services;
and
(3)
intermediary oversight services. For the
services it provides, Eaton Vance receives an aggregate annual fee equal to the lesser of $2.5 million or the actual expenses incurred by Eaton Vance in the performance of
such services.
The Fund pays a pro rata share of such fee. For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013,
Eaton Vance
earned $1,344 from
the Fund
pursuant to the agreement
.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
19
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Expenses. The Fund and Portfolio are responsible for all expenses not expressly stated to be payable by another party (such as expenses required to be paid pursuant to an agreement with the investment adviser, the principal underwriter or the administrator). In the case of expenses incurred by the Trust, the Fund is responsible for its pro rata share of those expenses. The only expenses of the Fund allocated to a particular class are those incurred under the Distribution Plan applicable to that class (if any) and certain other class-specific expenses.
OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS
Principal Underwriter. Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. (EVD), Two International Place, Boston, MA 02110 is the principal underwriter of the Fund. The principal underwriter acts as principal in selling shares under a Distribution Agreement with the Trust. The expenses of printing copies of prospectuses used to offer shares and other selling literature and of advertising are borne by the principal underwriter. The fees and expenses of qualifying and registering and maintaining qualifications and registrations of the Fund and its shares under federal and state securities laws are borne by the Fund. The Distribution Agreement is renewable annually by the members of the Board (including a majority of the noninterested Trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Distribution Agreement or any applicable Distribution Plan), may be terminated on sixty days notice either by such Trustees or by vote of a majority of the outstanding Fund shares or on six months notice by the principal underwriter and is automatically terminated upon assignment. The principal underwriter distributes shares on a best efforts basis under which it is required to take and pay for only such shares as may be sold. EVD is a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of EVC. Mr. Faust is a Director of EVD. EVD also serves as placement agent for the Portfolio.
Custodian. State Street Bank and Trust Company (State Street), 200 Clarendon Street, Boston, MA 02116, serves as custodian to the Fund and the Portfolio. State Street has custody of all cash and securities representing the Funds interest in the Portfolio, has custody of the Portfolios assets, maintains the general ledger of the Portfolio and the Fund and computes the daily net asset value of interests in the Portfolio and the net asset value of shares of the Fund. In such capacity it attends to details in connection with the sale, exchange, substitution, transfer or other dealings with the Portfolios investments, receives and disburses all funds and performs various other ministerial duties upon receipt of proper instructions from the Trust and the Portfolio. State Street also provides services in connection with the preparation of shareholder reports and the electronic filing of such reports with the SEC. EVC and its affiliates and their officers and employees from time to time have transactions with various banks, including State Street. It is Eaton Vances opinion that the terms and conditions of such transactions were not and will not be influenced by existing or potential custodial or other relationships between the Fund or the Portfolio and such banks.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. Deloitte & Touche LLP, 200 Berkeley Street, Boston, MA 02116, is the independent registered public accounting firm of the Fund and Portfolio, providing audit and related services, assistance and consultation with respect to the preparation of filings with the SEC.
Transfer Agent. BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc., P.O. Box 9653, Providence, RI 02940-9653, serves as transfer and dividend disbursing agent for the Fund.
CALCULATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
The net asset value of the Fund is determined by State Street (as agent and custodian) by subtracting the liabilities of the Fund from the value of its total assets. The Fund is closed for business and will not issue a net asset value on the following business holidays and any other business day that the Exchange is closed: New Years Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. The Funds net asset value per share is readily accessible on the Eaton Vance website (www.eatonvance.com).
Each Portfolio investor may add to or reduce its investment in the Portfolio on each day the Exchange is open for trading (Portfolio Business Day) as of the close of regular trading on the Exchange (the Portfolio Valuation Time). The value of each investors interest in the Portfolio will be determined by multiplying the net asset value of the Portfolio by the percentage, determined on the prior Portfolio Business Day, which represented that investors share of the aggregate interests in the Portfolio on such prior day. Any additions or withdrawals for the current Portfolio Business Day will then be recorded. Each investors percentage of the aggregate interest in the Portfolio will then be recomputed as a percentage equal to a fraction (i) the numerator of which is the value of such investors investment in the Portfolio as of the Portfolio Valuation Time on the prior Portfolio Business Day plus or minus, as the case may be, the amount of any additions to or withdrawals from the investors investment in the Portfolio on the current Portfolio Business Day and (ii) the denominator of which is the aggregate net asset value of the Portfolio as of the Portfolio Valuation Time on the prior Portfolio Business Day plus or minus, as the case may be, the amount of the net additions to or withdrawals from the aggregate investment in the Portfolio on the current Portfolio Business Day by all
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
20
SAI dated May 1, 2014
investors in the Portfolio. The percentage so determined will then be applied to determine the value of the investors interest in the Portfolio for the current Portfolio Business Day.
The Board has approved procedures pursuant to which investments are valued for purposes of determining the Funds net asset value. Listed below is a summary of the methods generally used to value investments (some or all of which may be held by the Fund) under the procedures.
Equity securities (including common stock, exchange traded funds, closed end funds, preferred equity securities, exchange traded notes and other instruments that trade on recognized stock exchanges) are valued at the last sale, official close or if there are no reported sales at the mean between the bid and asked price on the primary exchange on which they are traded.
Most debt obligations are valued on the basis of market valuations furnished by a pricing service or at the mean of the bid and asked prices provided by recognized broker/dealers of such securities. The pricing service may use a pricing matrix to determine valuation.
Short-term obligations and money market securities maturing in sixty days or less typically are valued at amortized cost which approximates value.
Foreign securities and currencies are valued in U.S. dollars based on foreign currency exchange quotations supplied by a pricing service.
Senior and Junior Loans are valued on the basis of prices furnished by a pricing service. The pricing service uses transactions and market quotations from brokers in determining values.
Seasoned fixed-rate 30 year MBS are valued
either
by Eaton Vance using a matrix pricing system
or on the basis of prices furnished by a pricing service. These valuation methodologies take
into account bond prices, yield differentials, anticipated prepayments and interest rates
.
Futures contracts are valued at the settlement or closing price on the primary exchange or board of trade on which they are traded.
Exchange-traded options are valued at the mean of the bid and asked prices. Over-the-counter options are valued based on quotations obtained from a pricing service or from a broker (typically the counterparty to the option).
Non-exchange traded derivatives (including swap agreements
(other than those which have been centrally cleared),
forward contracts and equity participation notes) are generally valued on the basis of valuations provided by a pricing service or using quotes provided by a broker/dealer (typically the counterparty).
Swap agreements that have been cleared by a central counterparty (CCP) are valued at the daily settlement price provided by the CCP.
Precious metals are valued are valued at the New York Composite mean quotation.
Liabilities with a payment or maturity date of 364 days or less are stated at their principal value and longer dated liabilities generally will be carried at their fair value.
Valuations of foreign equity securities may be adjusted from prices in effect at the close of trading on foreign exchanges to more accurately reflect their fair value as of the close of regular trading on the Exchange. Such fair valuations may be based on information provided by a pricing service.
Investments which are unable to be valued in accordance with the foregoing methodologies are valued at fair value using methods determined in good faith by or at the direction of the members of the Board. Such methods may include consideration of relevant factors, including but not limited to (i) the type of security, the existence of any contractual restrictions on the securitys disposition, (ii) the price and extent of public trading in similar securities of the issuer or of comparable companies or entities, (iii) quotations or relevant information obtained from broker-dealers or other market participants, (iv) information obtained from the issuer, analysts, and/or the appropriate stock exchange (for exchange-traded securities), (v) an analysis of the companys or entitys financial condition, (vi) an evaluation of the forces that influence the issuer and the market(s) in which the security is purchased and sold (vii) an analysis of the terms of any transaction involving the issuer of such securities; and (viii) any other factors deemed relevant by the investment adviser. The portfolio managers of one Eaton Vance fund that invests in Senior and Junior Loans may not possess the same information about a Senior or Junior Loan as the portfolio managers of another Eaton Vance fund. As such, at times the fair value of a Loan determined by certain Eaton Vance portfolio managers may vary from the fair value of the same Loan determined by other portfolio managers.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
21
SAI dated May 1, 2014
PURCHASING AND REDEEMING SHARES
Additional Information About Purchases. Fund shares are offered for sale only in states where they are registered. Fund shares are continuously offered through financial intermediaries which have entered into agreements with the principal underwriter. Shares of the Fund are sold at the public offering price, which is the net asset value plus the initial sales charge, if any. The Fund receives the net asset value. The principal underwriter receives the sales charge, all or a portion of which may be reallowed to the financial intermediaries responsible for selling Fund shares. The sales charge table in the Prospectus is applicable to purchases of the Fund alone or in combination with purchases of certain other funds offered by the principal underwriter, made at a single time by (i) an individual, or an individual, his or her spouse and their children under the age of twenty-one, purchasing shares for his or their own account, and (ii) a trustee or other fiduciary purchasing shares for a single trust estate or a single fiduciary account. The table is also presently applicable to (1) purchases of Class A shares pursuant to a written Statement of Intention; or (2) purchases of Class A shares pursuant to the Right of Accumulation and declared as such at the time of purchase. See Sales Charges.
In connection with
employer sponsored retirement
plans, the Fund may accept initial investments of less than the minimum investment amount on the part of an individual participant. In the event a shareholder who is a participant of such a plan terminates participation in the plan, his or her shares will be transferred to a regular individual account. However, such account will be subject to the right of redemption by the Fund as described below.
Class I Share Purchases
.
Class I shares are available for purchase by clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class I shares through a no-load network or platform. Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and
employer sponsored
retirement plans
.
Class I shares also are offered to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates; certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance and certain Fund service providers; current and retired members of Eaton Vance Fund Boards; employees of Eaton Vance and its affiliates and such persons spouses, parents, siblings and lineal descendants and their beneficial accounts.
Suspension of Sales.
The Trust may, in its absolute discretion, suspend, discontinue or limit the offering of one or more of its classes of shares at any time. In determining whether any such action should be taken, the Trusts management intends to consider all relevant factors, including (without limitation) the size of the Fund or class, the investment climate and market conditions
and
the volume of sales and redemptions of shares. The Class A Distribution Plan may continue in effect and payments may be made under the Plan following any such suspension, discontinuance or limitation of the offering of shares; however, there is no contractual obligation to continue the Plan for any particular period of time. Suspension of the offering of shares would not, of course, affect a shareholders ability to redeem shares.
Additional Information About Redemptions. The right to redeem shares of the Fund can be suspended and the payment of the redemption price deferred when the Exchange is closed (other than for customary weekend and holiday closings), during periods when trading on the Exchange is restricted as determined by the SEC, or during any emergency as determined by the SEC which makes it impracticable for the Portfolio to dispose of its securities or value its assets, or during any other period permitted by order of the SEC for the protection of investors.
Due to the high cost of maintaining small accounts, the Trust reserves the right to redeem accounts with balances of less than $750. Prior to such a redemption, shareholders will be given 60 days written notice to make an additional purchase. However, no such redemption would be required by the Trust if the cause of the low account balance was a reduction in the net asset value of shares. No CDSC or redemption fees, if applicable, will be imposed with respect to such involuntary redemptions.
While normally payments will be made in cash for redeemed shares, the Trust, subject to compliance with applicable regulations, has reserved the right to pay the redemption price of shares of the Fund, either totally or partially, by a distribution in kind of readily marketable securities. The securities so distributed would be valued pursuant to the valuation procedures described in this SAI. If a shareholder received a distribution in kind, the shareholder could incur brokerage or other charges in converting the securities to cash.
Systematic Withdrawal Plan. The transfer agent will send to the shareholder regular monthly or quarterly payments of any permitted amount designated by the shareholder based upon the value of the shares held. The checks will be drawn from share redemptions and hence, may require the recognition of taxable gain or loss. Income dividends and capital gains distributions in connection with withdrawal plan accounts will be credited at net asset value as of the record date for each distribution. Continued withdrawals in excess of current income will eventually use up principal, particularly in a period of declining market prices. A shareholder may not have a withdrawal plan in effect at the same time he or she has authorized Bank Automated
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
22
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Investing or is otherwise making regular purchases of Fund shares. The shareholder, the transfer agent or the principal underwriter may terminate the withdrawal plan at any time without penalty.
Other Information. The Fund ’ s net asset value per share is normally rounded to two decimal places. In certain situations (such as a merger, share split or a purchase or sale of shares that represents a significant portion of a share class), the administrator may determine to extend the calculation of the net asset value per share to additional decimal places to ensure that neither the value of the Fund nor a shareholders shares is diluted materially as the result of a purchase or sale or other transaction.
SALES CHARGES
Dealer Commissions. The principal underwriter may, from time to time, at its own expense, provide additional incentives to financial intermediaries which employ registered representatives who sell Fund shares and/or shares of other funds distributed by the principal underwriter. In some instances, such additional incentives may be offered only to certain financial intermediaries whose representatives sell or are expected to sell significant amounts of shares. In addition, the principal underwriter may from time to time increase or decrease the sales commissions payable to financial intermediaries. The principal underwriter may allow, upon notice to all financial intermediaries with whom it has agreements, discounts up to the full sales charge during the periods specified in the notice. During periods when the discount includes the full sales charge, such financial intermediaries may be deemed to be underwriters as that term is defined in the 1933 Act.
Purchases at Net Asset Value.
Class A shares may be sold at net asset value to current and retired members of Eaton Vance Fund Boards; to clients (including custodial, agency, advisory and trust accounts) and current and
former
officers and employees of Eaton Vance, its affiliates and other investment advisers and sub-advisers of Eaton Vance sponsored funds; and to such persons spouses, parents, siblings and lineal descendants and their beneficial accounts. Such shares may also be issued at net asset value (1) in connection with the merger (or similar transaction) of an investment company (or series or class thereof) or personal holding company with the Fund (or class thereof), (2) to investors making an investment as part of a fixed fee program whereby an entity unaffiliated with the investment adviser provides investment services, such as management, brokerage and custody, (3) to investment advisors, financial planners or other intermediaries who place trades for their own accounts or the accounts of their clients and who charge a management, consulting or similar ongoing fee for their services; clients of such investment advisors, financial planners or other intermediaries who place trades for their own accounts if the accounts are linked to the master account of such investment advisor, financial planner or other intermediary on the books and records of the broker or agent; financial intermediaries who have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class A shares on a no-load basis as described in the Prospectus; to HSAs (Health Savings Accounts); and to
employer sponsored
retirement
plans and trusts used to fund those plans,
(4) to officers and employees of the Funds custodian and transfer agent and (5) in connection with the ReFlow liquidity program. Class A shares may also be sold at net asset value to registered representatives and employees of financial intermediaries. Sales charges generally are waived because either (i) there is no sales effort involved in the sale of shares or (ii) the investor is paying a fee (other than the sales charge) to the financial intermediary involved in the sale. Any new or revised sales charge or CDSC waiver will be prospective only.
Waiver of Investment Minimums.
In addition to waivers described in the Prospectus, minimum investment amounts are waived for current and retired members of Eaton Vance Fund Boards, clients (including custodial, agency, advisory and trust accounts), current and retired officers and employees of Eaton Vance, its affiliates and other investment advisers and sub-advisers to the Eaton Vance family of funds, and for such persons spouses, parents, siblings and lineal descendants and their beneficial accounts. The minimum initial investment amount is also waived for officers and employees of the Funds custodian and transfer agent
and in connection with the merger (or similar transaction) of an investment company (or series or class thereof) or personal holding company with the Fund (or class thereof).
Investments in a Fund by ReFlow in connection with the Reflow liquidity program are also not subject to the minimum investment amount.
Statement of Intention. If it is anticipated that $50,000 or more of Class A shares and shares of other funds exchangeable for Class A shares of another Eaton Vance fund will be purchased within a 13-month period, the Statement of Intention section of the account application should be completed so that shares may be obtained at the same reduced sales charge as though the total quantity were invested in one lump sum. Shares eligible for the right of accumulation (see below) as of the date of the Statement and purchased during the 13-month period will be included toward the completion of the Statement. If you make a Statement of Intention, the transfer agent is authorized to hold in escrow sufficient shares (5% of the dollar amount specified in the Statement) which can be redeemed to make up any difference in sales charge on the amount intended to be invested and the amount actually invested. A Statement of Intention does not obligate the shareholder to purchase or the Fund to sell the full amount indicated in the Statement.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
23
SAI dated May 1, 2014
If the amount actually purchased during the 13-month period is less than that indicated in the Statement, the shareholder will be requested to pay the difference between the sales charge applicable to the shares purchased and the sales charge paid under the Statement of Intention. If the payment is not received in 20 days, the appropriate number of escrowed shares will be redeemed in order to realize such difference. If the total purchases during the 13-month period are large enough to qualify for a lower sales charge than that applicable to the amount specified in the Statement, the shareholder must notify the transfer agent or, if shares are held in a street name account, the financial intermediary prior to the expiration date of the Agreement in order for such lower sales charge to apply to purchases under the Statement. Any difference will be refunded to the shareholder in cash or applied to the purchase of additional shares, as specified by the shareholder. This refund will be made by the financial intermediary and the principal underwriter. If at the time of the recomputation, the financial intermediary for the account has changed, the adjustment will be made only on those shares purchased through the current financial intermediary for the account. If the sales charge rate changes during the 13-month period, all shares purchased or charges assessed after the date of such change will be subject to the then applicable sales charge.
Right of Accumulation. Under the right of accumulation, the applicable sales charge level is calculated by aggregating the dollar amount of the current purchase and the value (calculated at the maximum current offering price) of shares owned by the shareholder. Class A shares of Eaton Vance U.S. Government Money Market Fund cannot be accumulated for purposes of this privilege. The sales charge on the shares being purchased will then be applied at the rate applicable to the aggregate. Share purchases eligible for the right of accumulation are described under Sales Charges in the Prospectus. For any such discount to be made available at the time of purchase a purchaser or his or her financial intermediary must provide the principal underwriter (in the case of a purchase made through a financial intermediary) or the transfer agent (in the case of an investment made by mail) with sufficient information to permit verification that the purchase order qualifies for the accumulation privilege. Confirmation of the order is subject to such verification. The right of accumulation privilege may be amended or terminated at any time as to purchases occurring thereafter.
Distribution Plans
The Trust has in effect a compensation-type Distribution Plan for Class A shares (the Class A Plan) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. The Class A Plan is designed to (i) finance activities which are primarily intended to result in the distribution and sales of Class A shares and to make payments in connection with the distribution of such shares and (ii) pay service fees for personal services and/or the maintenance of shareholder accounts to the principal underwriter, financial intermediaries and other persons. The distribution and service fees payable under the Class A Plan shall not exceed 0.25% of the average daily net assets attributable to Class A shares for any fiscal year. Class A distribution and service fees are paid monthly in arrears. For the distribution and service fees paid by Class A shares, see Appendix A.
The Trustees of the Trust believe that the Plan will be a significant factor in the expected growth of the Funds assets, and will result in increased investment flexibility and advantages which have benefitted and will continue to benefit the Fund and its shareholders. The Eaton Vance organization may profit by reason of the operation of a Plan through an increase in Fund assets and if at any point in time the aggregate amounts received by the principal underwriter pursuant to a Plan exceeds the total expenses incurred in distributing Fund shares.
For sales commissions and CDSCs
, if applicable, see Appendix A.
A Plan continues in effect from year to year so long as such continuance is approved at least annually by the vote of both a majority of (i) the noninterested Trustees of the Trust who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan or any agreements related to the Plan (the Plan Trustees) and (ii) all of the Trustees then in office. A Plan may be terminated at any time by vote of a majority of the Plan Trustees or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the applicable Class. Quarterly Trustee review of a written report of the amount expended under the Plan and the purposes for which such expenditures were made is required. A Plan may not be amended to increase materially the payments described therein without approval of the shareholders of the affected Class and the Trustees. So long as a Plan is in effect, the selection and nomination of the noninterested Trustees shall be committed to the discretion of such Trustees. The Trustees, including the Plan Trustees, initially approved the current Plan(s) on April 22, 2013. Any Trustee of the Trust who is an interested person of the Trust has an indirect financial interest in a Plan because his or her employer (or affiliates thereof) receives distribution and/or service fees under the Plan or agreements related thereto.
PERFORMANCE
Performance Calculations. Average annual total return before deduction of taxes (pre-tax return) is determined by multiplying a hypothetical initial purchase order of $1,000 by the average annual compound rate of return (including capital appreciation/depreciation, and distributions paid and reinvested) for the stated period and annualizing the result. The calculation assumes (i) that all distributions are reinvested at net asset value on the reinvestment dates during the period, (ii) the deduction
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
24
SAI dated May 1, 2014
of the maximum of any initial sales charge from the initial $1,000 purchase, (iii) a complete redemption of the investment at the end of the period, and (iv) the deduction of any applicable CDSC at the end of the period.
Average annual total return after the deduction of taxes on distributions is calculated in the same manner as pre-tax return except the calculation assumes that any federal income taxes due on distributions are deducted from the distributions before they are reinvested. Average annual total return after the deduction of taxes on distributions and taxes on redemption also is calculated in the same manner as pre-tax return except the calculation assumes that (i) any federal income taxes due on distributions are deducted from the distributions before they are reinvested and (ii) any federal income taxes due upon redemption are deducted at the end of the period. After-tax returns are based on the highest federal income tax rates in effect for individual taxpayers as of the time of each assumed distribution and redemption (taking into account their tax character), and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. In calculating after-tax returns, the net value of any federal income tax credits available to shareholders is applied to reduce federal income taxes payable on distributions at or near year-end and, to the extent the net value of such credits exceeds such distributions, is then assumed to be reinvested in additional Fund shares at net asset value on the last day of the fiscal year in which the credit was generated or, in the case of certain tax credits, on the date on which the year-end distribution is paid. For pre-tax and after-tax total return information, see Appendix A and Appendix B.
In addition to the foregoing total return figures, the Fund may provide pre-tax and after-tax annual and cumulative total return, as well as the ending redeemable cash value of a hypothetical investment. If shares are subject to a sales charge, total return figures may be calculated based on reduced sales charges or at net asset value. These returns would be lower if the full sales charge was imposed. After-tax returns may also be calculated using different tax rate assumptions and taking into account state and local income taxes as well as federal taxes. The Funds performance may differ from that of other investors in the Portfolio, including other investment companies.
Yield is computed pursuant to a standardized formula by dividing the net investment income per share earned during a recent thirty-day period by the maximum offering price (including the maximum of any initial sales charge) per share on the last day of the period and annualizing the resulting figure. Net investment income per share is calculated from the yields to maturity of all debt obligations held based on prescribed methods, reduced by accrued expenses for the period with the resulting number being divided by the average daily number of shares outstanding and entitled to receive distributions during the period. Yield figures do not reflect the deduction of any applicable CDSC, but assume the maximum of any initial sales charge. Actual yield may be affected by variations in sales charges on investments.
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings and Related Information.
The Board has adopted policies and procedures (the Policies) with respect to the disclosure of information about portfolio holdings of the Fund. See the
Fund's
Prospectus for information on disclosure made in filings with the SEC and/or posted on the Eaton Vance website (www.eatonvance.com) and disclosure of certain portfolio characteristics. Pursuant to the Policies, information about portfolio holdings of the Fund may also be disclosed as follows:
Confidential disclosure for a legitimate Fund purpose: Portfolio holdings may be disclosed, from time to time as necessary, for a legitimate business purpose of the Fund, believed to be in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders, provided there is a duty or an agreement that the information be kept confidential. Any such confidentiality agreement includes provisions intended to impose a duty not to trade on the non-public information. The Policies permit disclosure of portfolio holdings information to the following: 1) affiliated and unaffiliated service providers that have a legal or contractual duty to keep such information confidential, such as employees of the investment adviser (including portfolio managers and, in the case of a Portfolio, the portfolio manager of any account that invests in the Portfolio), the administrator, custodian, transfer agent, principal underwriter, etc. described herein and in the Prospectus; 2) other persons who owe a fiduciary or other duty of trust or confidence to the Fund (such as Fund legal counsel and independent registered public accounting firm); or 3) persons to whom the disclosure is made in advancement of a legitimate business purpose of the Fund and who have expressly agreed in writing to maintain the disclosed information in confidence and to use it only in connection with the legitimate business purpose underlying the arrangement. To the extent applicable to an Eaton Vance fund, such persons may include securities lending agents which may receive information from time to time regarding selected holdings which may be loaned by a Fund, in the event a Fund is rated, credit rating agencies (Moodys Investor Services, Inc. and Standard & Poors Ratings Group), analytical service providers engaged by the investment adviser (Advent, Bloomberg L.P., Evare, Factset, McMunn Associates, Inc., MSCI/Barra and The Yield Book, Inc.), proxy evaluation vendors (Institutional Shareholder Servicing Inc.), pricing services (TRPS Mark-to-Market Pricing Service, WM Company Reuters Information Services and Non-Deliverable Forward Rates Service, Pricing Direct, FT Interactive Data Corp., Standard & Poors Securities Evaluation Service, Inc., SuperDerivatives and Stat Pro.), which receive information as needed to price a particular holding, translation services, third-party reconciliation services, lenders under Fund credit facilities (Citibank, N.A. and its
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
affiliates), consultants and other product evaluators (Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC) and, for purposes of facilitating portfolio transactions, financial intermediaries and other intermediaries (national and regional municipal bond dealers and mortgage-backed securities dealers). These entities receive portfolio information on an as needed basis in order to perform the service for which they are being engaged. If required in order to perform their duties, this information will be provided in real time or as soon as practical thereafter. Additional categories of disclosure involving a legitimate business purpose may be added to this list upon the authorization of the Funds Board.
In addition to the foregoing, disclosure of portfolio holdings may be made to the Funds investment adviser as a seed investor in a fund, in order for the adviser or its parent to satisfy certain reporting obligations and reduce its exposure to market risk factors associated with any such seed investment. Also
, in connection with a redemption in kind, the redeeming shareholder may be required to agree to keep the information about the securities to be so distributed confidential, except to the extent necessary to dispose of the securities.
Historical portfolio holdings information: From time to time, the Fund may be requested to provide historic portfolio holdings information or certain characteristics of portfolio holdings that have not been made public previously. In such case, the requested information may be provided if: the information is requested for due diligence or another legitimate purpose; the requested portfolio holdings or portfolio characteristics are for a period that is no more recent than the date of the portfolio holdings or portfolio characteristics posted to the Eaton Vance website; and the dissemination of the requested information is reviewed and approved in accordance with the Policies.
The Fund, the investment adviser and principal underwriter will not receive any monetary or other consideration in connection with the disclosure of information concerning the Funds portfolio holdings.
The Policies may not be waived, or exception made, without the consent of the CCO of the Fund. The CCO may not waive or make exception to the Policies unless such waiver or exception is consistent with the intent of the Policies, which is to ensure that disclosure of portfolio information is in the best interest of Fund shareholders. In determining whether to permit a waiver of or exception to the Policies, the CCO will consider whether the proposed disclosure serves a legitimate purpose of the Fund, whether it could provide the recipient with an advantage over Fund shareholders or whether the proposed disclosure gives rise to a conflict of interest between the Funds shareholders and its investment adviser, principal underwriter or other affiliated person. The CCO will report all waivers of or exceptions to the Policies to the Board at their next meeting. The Board may impose additional restrictions on the disclosure of portfolio holdings information at any time.
The Policies are designed to provide useful information concerning the Fund to existing and prospective Fund shareholders while at the same time inhibiting the improper use of portfolio holdings information in trading Fund shares and/or portfolio securities held by the Portfolio. However, there can be no assurance that the provision of any portfolio holdings information is not susceptible to inappropriate uses (such as the development of market timing models), particularly in the hands of highly sophisticated investors, or that it will not in fact be used in such ways beyond the control of the Fund.
TAXES
The following is a summary of some of the tax consequences affecting the Fund and its shareholders. The summary does not address all of the special tax rules applicable to certain classes of investors, such as
individual retirement accounts
and other
employer sponsored
retirement plans, tax-exempt entities, foreign investors, insurance companies and financial institutions. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors with respect to special tax rules that may apply in their particular situations, as well as the federal, state, local, and, where applicable, foreign tax consequences of investing in the Fund.
Taxation of the Fund. The Fund, as a series of the Trust, is treated as a separate entity for federal income tax purposes. The Fund has elected to be treated and intends to qualify each year as a regulated investment company (RIC) under Subchapter M of the Code. Accordingly, the Fund intends to satisfy certain requirements relating to sources of its income and diversification of its assets and to distribute substantially all of its net investment income (including tax-exempt income, if any) and net short-term and long-term capital gains (after reduction by any available capital loss carryforwards) in accordance with the timing requirements imposed by the Code, so as to maintain its RIC status and to avoid paying any federal income tax. If the Fund qualifies for treatment as a RIC and satisfies the above-mentioned distribution requirements, it will not be subject to federal income tax on income paid to its shareholders in the form of dividends or capital gain distributions. The Fund qualified as a RIC for its most recent fiscal year.
The Fund also seeks to avoid payment of federal excise tax. However, if the Fund fails to distribute in a calendar year substantially all of its ordinary income for such year and substantially all of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ending October 31 (or later if the Fund is permitted to so elect and so elects), plus any retained amount from the prior year, the Fund will be subject to a 4% excise tax on the undistributed amounts. In order to avoid incurring a federal excise tax obligation,
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
the Code requires that the Fund
distributes
(or be deemed to have distributed) by December 31 of each calendar year (i) at least 98% of its ordinary income (excluding tax-exempt income, if any) for such year, (ii) at least 98.2% of its capital gain net income (which is the excess of its realized capital gains over its realized capital losses), generally computed on the basis of the one-year period ending on October 31 of such year, after reduction by any available capital loss carryforwards, and (iii) 100% of any income and capital gains from the prior year (as previously computed) that was not paid out during such year and on which the Fund paid no federal income tax. If the Fund fails to meet these requirements it will be subject to a nondeductible 4% excise tax on the undistributed amounts. Under current law, provided that the Fund qualifies as a RIC (and, where applicable, the Portfolio is treated as a partnership for Massachusetts and federal tax purposes), the Fund should not be liable for any income, corporate excise or franchise tax in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
If the Fund does not qualify as a RIC for any taxable year, the Funds taxable income will be subject to corporate income taxes, and all distributions from earnings and profits, including distributions of tax-exempt income and net capital gain (if any), will be taxable to the shareholder as dividend income. However, such distributions may be eligible (i) to be treated as qualified dividend income in the case of shareholders taxed as individuals and (ii) for the dividends-received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders. In addition, in order to re-qualify for taxation as a RIC, the Fund may be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest, and make substantial distributions.
In certain situations, the Fund may, for a taxable year, elect to defer all or a portion of its capital losses realized after October and
its
late
-
year ordinary losses
(defined as the excess of post-October specified losses (as defined in the Code) and other post-December ordinary losses over post-October specified gains (as defined in the Code) and other post-December ordinary income) realized after December
until the next taxable year in computing its investment company taxable income and net capital gain, which will defer the recognition of such realized losses.
Such deferrals and other rules regarding gains and losses realized after October
(or December)
may affect the tax character of shareholder distributions.
The Code contains a provision codifying the judicial economic substance doctrine, which has traditionally been used by courts to deny tax benefits for transactions that lack economic substance; a strict liability penalty is imposed for an understatement of tax liability due to a transactions lack of economic substance.
Taxation of the Portfolio. If the Fund invests its assets in the Portfolio, the Portfolio normally must satisfy the applicable source of income and diversification requirements in order for the Fund to also satisfy these requirements. For federal income tax purposes, the Portfolio intends to be treated as a partnership that is not a publicly traded partnership and, as a result, will not be subject to federal income tax. The Fund, as an investor in the Portfolio, will be required to take into account in determining its federal income tax liability its share of such Portfolios income, gains, losses, deductions and credits, without regard to whether it has received any distributions from such Portfolio. The Portfolio will allocate at least annually among its investors, including the Fund, the Portfolios net investment income, net realized capital gains, and any other items of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit. For purposes of applying the requirements of the Code regarding qualification as a RIC, the Fund (i) will be deemed to own its proportionate share of each of the assets of the Portfolio and (ii) will be entitled to the gross income of the Portfolio attributable to such share. Under current law, provided that the Portfolio is treated as a partnership for Massachusetts and federal tax purposes, the Portfolio should not be liable for any income, corporate excise or franchise tax in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
Taxation of the Subsidiary. To the extent described in the prospectus, the Fund may invest in the Subsidiary. The Subsidiary is classified as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As described in the prospectus, the Fund has either applied for or received from the IRS a private letter ruling or has received advice from counsel relating to the treatment of the income allocated to the Fund from the Subsidiary for purposes of the Funds status as a RIC under the Code. Foreign corporations, such as the Subsidiary, will generally not be subject to U.S. federal income taxation unless they are deemed to be engaged in a U.S. trade or business. It is expected that the Subsidiary will conduct it activities in a manner so as to meet the requirements of a safe harbor under Section 864(b)(2) of the Code under which the Subsidiary may engage in trading in stocks or securities or certain commodities without being deemed to be engaged in a U.S. trade or business. However, if certain of the Subsidiary's activities were determined not to be of the type described in the safe harbor (which is not expected), then the activities of the Subsidiary may constitute a U.S. trade or business, and would be taxed as such.
The Subsidiary is treated as a controlled foreign corporation (CFC) for tax purposes and the Fund is treated as a U.S. shareholder of the Subsidiary. As a result, the Fund is required to include in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes all of the Subsidiary's subpart F income, whether or not such income is distributed by the Subsidiary. It is expected that all of the Subsidiary's income will be subpart F income. The Funds recognition of the Subsidiary's subpart F income will increase the Funds tax basis in the Subsidiary. Distributions by the Subsidiary to the Fund will be tax-free, to the extent of its previously undistributed subpart F income, and will correspondingly reduce the Fund's tax basis in the Subsidiary. Subpart F income is
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27
SAI dated May 1, 2014
generally treated as ordinary income, regardless of the character of the Subsidiary's underlying income. If a net loss is realized by the Subsidiary, such loss is not generally available to offset the income earned by the Fund.
Tax Consequences of Certain Investments. The following summary of the tax consequences of certain types of investments applies to the Fund and the Portfolio, as appropriate. References in the following summary to the Fund are to any Fund or Portfolio that can engage in the particular practice as described in the prospectus or SAI.
Securities Acquired at Market Discount or with Original Issue Discount. Investment in securities acquired at a market discount, or in zero coupon, deferred interest, payment-in-kind and certain other securities with original issue discount, generally may cause the Fund to realize income prior to the receipt of cash payments with respect to these securities. Such income will be accrued daily by the Fund and, in order to avoid a tax payable by the Fund, the Fund may be required to liquidate securities that it might otherwise have continued to hold in order to generate cash so that the Fund may make required distributions to its shareholders. The Fund may elect to accrue market discount income on a daily basis.
Lower Rated or Defaulted Securities. Investments in securities that are at risk of, or are in, default present special tax issues for the Fund. Tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless securities and how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income.
Municipal Obligations. Any recognized gain or income attributable to market discount on long-term tax-exempt municipal obligations (i.e., obligations with a term of more than one year) purchased after April 30, 1993 (except to the extent of a portion of the discount attributable to original issue discount), is taxable as ordinary income. A long-term debt obligation is generally treated as acquired at a market discount if purchased after its original issue at a price less than (i) the stated principal amount payable at maturity, in the case of an obligation that does not have original issue discount or (ii) in the case of an obligation that does have original issue discount, the sum of the issue price and any original issue discount that accrued before the obligation was purchased, subject to a de minimis exclusion.
From time to time proposals have been introduced before Congress for the purpose of restricting or eliminating the federal income tax exemption for interest on certain types of municipal obligations, and it can be expected that similar proposals may be introduced in the future. As a result of any such future legislation, the availability of municipal obligations for investment by the Fund and the value of the securities held by it may be affected. It is possible that events occurring after the date of issuance of municipal obligations, or after the Funds acquisition of such an obligation, may result in a determination that the interest paid on that obligation is taxable, even retroactively.
If the Fund seeks income exempt from state and/or local taxes, information about such taxes is contained in an appendix to this SAI (see the Table of Contents).
Tax Credit Bonds. If the Fund holds, directly or indirectly, one or more tax credit bonds (including Build America Bonds, clean renewable energy bonds and other qualified tax credit bonds) on one or more applicable dates during a taxable year and the Fund satisfies the minimum distribution requirement, the Fund may elect to permit its shareholders to claim a tax credit on their income tax returns equal to each shareholders proportionate share of tax credits from the applicable bonds that otherwise would be allowed to the Fund. In such a case, shareholders must include in gross income (as interest) their proportionate share of the income attributable to their proportionate share of those offsetting tax credits. A shareholders ability to claim a tax credit associated with one or more tax credit bonds may be subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code. Even if the Fund is eligible to pass through tax credits to shareholders, the Fund may choose not to do so.
Derivatives. The Funds investments in options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward contracts (to the extent permitted) and certain other transactions may be subject to special tax rules (including mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale, short sale and other rules), the effect of which may be to accelerate income to the Fund, defer Fund losses, cause adjustments in the holding periods of Fund securities, convert capital gain into ordinary income and convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and character of Fund distributions.
Investments in so-called section 1256 contracts, such as regulated futures contracts, most foreign currency forward contracts traded in the interbank market and options on most stock indices, are subject to special tax rules. All section 1256 contracts held by the Fund at the end of its taxable year are required to be marked to their market value, and any unrealized gain or loss on those positions will be included in the Funds income as if each position had been sold for its fair market value at the end of the taxable year. The resulting gain or loss will be combined with any gain or loss realized by the Fund from positions in section
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28
SAI dated May 1, 2014
1256 contracts closed during the taxable year. Provided such positions were held as capital assets and were not part of a hedging transaction nor part of a straddle, 60% of the resulting net gain or loss will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss, and 40% of such net gain or loss will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss, regardless of the period of time the positions were actually held by the Fund.
Fund positions in index options that do not qualify as section 1256 contracts under the Code generally will be treated as equity options governed by Code Section 1234. Pursuant to Code Section 1234, if a written option expires unexercised, the premium received is short-term capital gain to the Fund. If the Fund enters into a closing transaction with respect to a written option, the difference between the premium received and the amount paid to close out its position is short-term capital gain or loss. If an option written by the Fund that is not a section 1256 contract is cash settled, any resulting gain or loss will be short-term capital gain. For an option purchased by the Fund that is not a section 1256 contract
,
any gain or loss resulting from sale of the option will be a capital gain or loss, and will be short-term or long-term, depending upon the holding period for the option. If the option expires, the resulting loss is a capital loss and is short-term or long-term, depending upon the holding period for the option. If a put option written by the Fund is exercised and physically settled, the premium received is treated as a reduction in the amount paid to acquire the underlying securities, increasing the gain or decreasing the loss to be realized by the Fund upon sale of the securities. If a call option written by the Fund is exercised and physically settled, the premium received is included in the sale proceeds, increasing the gain or decreasing the loss realized by the Fund at the time of option exercise.
As a result of entering into swap contracts, the Fund may make or receive periodic net payments. The Fund may also make or receive a payment when a swap is terminated prior to maturity through an assignment of the swap or other closing transaction. Periodic net payments will generally constitute ordinary income or deductions, while termination of a swap will generally result in capital gain or loss (which will be a long-term capital gain or loss if the Fund has been a party to a swap for more than one year). With respect to certain types of swaps, the Fund may be required to currently recognize income or loss with respect to future payments on such swaps or may elect under certain circumstances to mark such swaps to market annually for tax purposes as ordinary income or loss.
Short Sales. In general, gain or loss on a short sale is recognized when the Fund closes the sale by delivering the borrowed property to the lender, not when the borrowed property is sold. Gain or loss from a short sale is generally considered to be capital gain or loss to the extent that the property used to close the short sale constitutes a capital asset in the Funds hands. Except with respect to certain situations where the property used to close a short sale has a long-term holding period on the date of the short sale, special rules generally treat the gains on short sales as short-term capital gains. These rules may also terminate the running of the holding period of substantially identical property held by the Fund. Moreover, a loss on a short sale will be treated as a long-term capital loss if, on the date of the short sale, substantially identical property has been held by the Fund for more than one year. In general, the Fund will not be permitted to deduct payments made to reimburse the lender of securities for dividends paid on borrowed stock if the short sale is closed on or before the 45th day after the short sale is entered.
Constructive Sales. The Fund may recognize gain (but not loss) from a constructive sale of certain appreciated financial positions if the Fund enters into a short sale, offsetting notional principal contract, or forward contract transaction with respect to the appreciated position or substantially identical property. Appreciated financial positions subject to this constructive sale treatment include interests (including options and forward contracts and short sales) in stock and certain other instruments. Constructive sale treatment does not apply if the transaction is closed out not later than thirty days after the end of the taxable year in which the transaction was initiated, and the underlying appreciated securities position is held unhedged for at least the next sixty days after the hedging transaction is closed.
Gain or loss on a short sale will generally not be realized until such time as the short sale is closed. However, as described above in the discussion of constructive sales, if the Fund holds a short sale position with respect to securities that have appreciated in value, and it then acquires property that is the same as or substantially identical to the property sold short, the Fund generally will recognize gain on the date it acquires such property as if the short sale were closed on such date with such property. Similarly, if the Fund holds an appreciated financial position with respect to securities and then enters into a short sale with respect to the same or substantially identical property, the Fund generally will recognize gain as if the appreciated financial position were sold at its fair market value on the date it enters into the short sale. The subsequent holding period for any appreciated financial position that is subject to these constructive sale rules will be determined as if such position were acquired on the date of the constructive sale.
Foreign Investments and Currencies. The Funds investments in foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes or other foreign taxes with respect to income (possibly including, in some cases, capital gains), which would decrease the Funds income on such securities. These taxes may be reduced or eliminated under the terms of an applicable U.S. income tax treaty. If more than 50% of Fund assets at year end consists of the debt and equity securities of foreign corporations, the Fund may elect
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
to permit shareholders to claim a credit or deduction on their income tax returns for their pro rata portion of qualified taxes paid by the Fund to foreign countries. If the election is made, shareholders will include in gross income from foreign sources their pro rata share of such taxes. A shareholders ability to claim a foreign tax credit or deduction in respect of foreign taxes paid by the Fund may be subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code (including a holding period requirement applied at both the Fund and shareholder level), as a result of which a shareholder may not get a full credit or deduction for the amount of such taxes. In particular, the Fund must own the dividend-paying stock for more than 15 days during the 31-day period beginning 15 days prior to the ex-dividend date. Likewise, shareholders must hold their Fund shares (without protection from risk or loss) on the ex-dividend date and for at least 15 additional days during the 31-day period beginning 15 days prior to the ex-dividend date to be eligible to claim the foreign tax with respect to a given dividend. Shareholders who do not itemize deductions on their federal income tax returns may claim a credit (but no deduction) for such taxes. Individual shareholders subject to the alternative minimum tax (AMT) may not deduct such taxes for AMT purposes.
Transactions in foreign currencies, foreign currency-denominated debt securities and certain foreign currency options, futures contracts, forward contracts and similar instruments (to the extent permitted) may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency. Under Section 988 of the Code, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the time the Fund accrues income or receivables or expenses or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects such income or pays such liabilities are generally treated as ordinary income or ordinary loss.
Investments in
passive foreign investment companies
(PFICs) could subject the Fund to U.S. federal income tax or other charges on certain distributions from such companies and on disposition of investments in such companies; however, the tax effects of such investments may be mitigated by making an election to mark such investments to market annually or treat the PFIC as a qualified electing fund. If the Fund were to invest in a PFIC and elect to treat the PFIC as a qualified electing fund under the Code, the Fund might be required to include in income each year a portion of the ordinary earnings and net capital gains of the qualified electing fund, even if not distributed to the Fund, and such amounts would be subject to the distribution requirements described above. In order to make this election, the Fund would be required to obtain certain annual information from the PFICs in which it invests, which may be difficult or impossible to obtain. Alternatively, if the Fund were to make a mark-to-market election with respect to a PFIC, the Fund would be treated as if it had sold and repurchased the PFIC stock at the end of each year. In such case, the Fund would report any such gains as ordinary income and would deduct any such losses as ordinary losses to the extent of previously recognized gains. This election must be made separately for each PFIC, and once made, would be effective for all subsequent taxable years unless revoked with the consent of the IRS. The Fund may be required to recognize income in excess of the distributions it receives from PFICs and its proceeds from dispositions of PFIC stock in any particular year. As a result, the Fund may have to distribute this phantom income and gain to satisfy the distribution requirement and to avoid imposition of the 4% excise tax.
U.S. Government Securities. Distributions paid by the Fund that are derived from interest on obligations of the U.S. Government and certain of its agencies and instrumentalities (but generally not distributions of capital gains realized upon the disposition of such obligations) may be exempt from state and local income taxes. The Fund generally intends to advise shareholders of the extent, if any, to which its distributions consist of such interest. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisers regarding the possible exclusion of such portion of their dividends for state and local income tax purposes.
Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs). Any investment by the Fund in equity securities of a REIT qualifying as such under Subchapter M of the Code may result in the Funds receipt of cash in excess of the REITs earnings; if the Fund distributes these amounts, these distributions could constitute a return of capital to Fund shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Investments in REIT equity securities also may require the Fund to accrue and distribute income not yet received. To generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, the Fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio (including when it is not advantageous to do so) that it otherwise would have continued to hold. Dividends received by the Fund from a REIT will not qualify for the corporate dividends-received deduction and generally will not constitute qualified dividend income.
Inflation-Indexed Bonds. Periodic adjustments for inflation to the principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond may give rise to original issue discount, which will be includable in the Funds gross income (see Securities Acquired at Market Discount or with Original Issue Discount above). Also, if the principal value of an inflation-indexed bond is adjusted downward due to inflation, amounts previously distributed in the taxable year may be characterized in some circumstances as a return of capital (see Taxation of Fund Shareholders below).
Taxation of Fund Shareholders. Subject to the discussion of distributions of tax-exempt income below, Fund distributions of investment income and net gains from investments held for one year or less will be taxable as ordinary income. Fund distributions of any net gains from investments held for more than one year are taxable as long-term capital gains. Taxes on
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the Fund owned the investments that generated the gains, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her shares in the Fund. Dividends and distributions on the Funds shares are generally subject to federal income tax as described herein to the extent they are made out of the Funds earnings and profits, even though such dividends and distributions may economically represent a return of a particular shareholders investment. Such distributions are likely to occur in respect of shares purchased at a time when the Funds net asset value reflects gains that are either unrealized, or realized but not distributed. Such realized gains may be required to be distributed even when the Funds net asset value also reflects unrealized losses.
Distributions paid by the Fund during any period may be more or less than the amount of net investment income and capital gains actually earned during the period. If the Fund makes a distribution to a shareholder in excess of the Funds current and accumulated earnings and profits in any taxable year, the excess distribution will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of such shareholders tax basis in its shares, and thereafter as capital gain. A return of capital is not taxable, but it reduces a shareholders tax basis in its shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by the shareholder of its shares. A shareholders tax basis cannot go below zero and any return of capital distributions in excess of a shareholders tax basis will be treated as capital gain.
Ordinarily, shareholders are required to take taxable distributions by the Fund into account in the year in which the distributions are made. However, for federal income tax purposes, dividends that are declared by the Fund in October, November or December as of a record date in such month and actually paid in January of the following year will be treated as if they were paid on December 31 of the year declared. Therefore, such dividends will generally be taxable to a shareholder in the year declared rather than in the year paid.
The amount of distributions payable by the Fund may vary depending on general economic and market conditions, the composition of investments, current management strategy and Fund operating expenses. The Fund will inform shareholders of the tax character of
distributions annually
to facilitate shareholder tax reporting
.
The Fund may elect to retain its net capital gain, in which case the Fund will be taxed thereon (except to the extent of any available capital loss carryovers) at the 35% corporate tax rate. In such a case, it is expected that the Fund also will elect to have shareholders of record on the last day of its taxable year treated as if each received a distribution of its pro rata share of such gain, with the result that each shareholder will be required to report its pro rata share of such gain on its tax return as long-term capital gain, will receive a refundable tax credit for its pro rata share of tax paid by the Fund on the gain, and will increase the tax basis for its shares by an amount equal to the deemed distribution less the tax credit.
Any Fund distribution, other than dividends that are declared by the Fund on a daily basis, will have the effect of reducing the per share net asset value of Fund shares by the amount of the distribution. If a shareholder buys shares when the Fund has unrealized or realized but not yet distributed ordinary income or capital gains, the shareholder will pay full price for the shares and then may receive a portion back as a taxable distribution even though such distribution may economically represent a return of the shareholders investment.
Tax-Exempt Income. Distributions by the Fund of net tax-exempt interest income that are properly reported as exempt-interest dividends may be treated by shareholders as interest excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes under Section 103(a) of the Code. In order for the Fund to be entitled to pay the tax-exempt interest income as exempt-interest dividends to its shareholders, the Fund must satisfy certain requirements, including the requirement that, at the close of each quarter of its taxable year, at least 50% of the value of its total assets consists of obligations the interest on which is exempt from regular federal income tax under Code Section 103(a). Interest on certain municipal obligations may be taxable for purposes of the federal AMT and for state and local purposes. In addition, corporate shareholders must include the full amount of exempt-interest dividends in computing the preference items for the purposes of the AMT. Fund shareholders are required to report tax-exempt interest on their federal income tax returns.
Tax-exempt distributions received from the Fund are taken into account in determining, and may increase, the portion of social security and certain railroad retirement benefits that may be subject to federal income tax. Interest on indebtedness incurred by a shareholder to purchase or carry Fund shares that distributes exempt-interest dividends will not be deductible for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If a shareholder receives exempt interest dividends with respect to any Fund share and if the share is held by the shareholder for six months or less, then any loss on the sale or exchange of the share may, to the extent of the exempt-interest dividends, be disallowed. Furthermore, a portion of any exempt-interest dividend paid by the Fund that represents income derived from certain revenue or private activity bonds held by the Fund may not retain its tax-exempt status in the hands of a shareholder who is a substantial user of a facility financed by such bonds, or a related person thereof. In addition, the receipt of dividends and distributions from the Fund may affect a foreign corporate shareholders federal branch profits tax
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
liability and the federal excess net passive income tax liability of a shareholder of a Subchapter S corporation. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors as to whether they are (i) substantial users with respect to a facility or related to such users within the meaning of the Code or (ii) subject to a federal alternative minimum tax, the federal branch profits tax, or the federal excess net passive income tax.
Qualified Dividend Income.
Qualified dividend income received by an individual is taxed at the rates applicable to long-term capital gain (
currently
at a maximum rate of 20
% plus a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax).
In order for a dividend received by Fund shareholders to be qualified dividend income, the Fund must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the dividend-paying stock in its portfolio and the shareholder must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the Funds shares. A dividend will not be treated as qualified dividend income (at either the Fund or shareholder level) (1) if the dividend is received with respect to any share of stock held for fewer than 61 days during the 121-day period beginning at the date which is 60 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (or, in the case of certain preferred stock, 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date), (2) to the extent that the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property, (3) if the recipient elects to have the dividend income treated as investment interest, or (4) if the dividend is received from a foreign corporation that is (a) not eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the U.S. (with the exception of dividends paid on stock of such a foreign corporation readily tradable on an established securities market in the U.S.) or (b) treated as a passive foreign investment company.
Payments in lieu of dividends, such as payments pursuant to securities lending arrangements, also do not qualify to be treated as qualified dividend income.
In general, distributions of investment income reported by the Fund as derived from qualified dividend income will be treated as qualified dividend income by a shareholder taxed as an individual provided the shareholder meets the holding period and other requirements described above with respect to the Funds shares. In any event, if the aggregate qualified dividends received by the Fund during any taxable year are 95% or more of its gross income, then 100% of the Funds dividends (other than properly reported capital gain dividends) will be eligible to be treated as qualified dividend income. For this purpose, the only gain with respect to the sale of stocks and securities included in the term gross income is the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss.
Dividends Received Deduction for Corporations. A portion of distributions made by the Fund which are derived from dividends from U.S. corporations may qualify for the dividends-received deduction (DRD) for corporations. The DRD is reduced to the extent the Fund shares with respect to which the dividends are received are treated as debt-financed under the Code and is eliminated if the shares are deemed to have been held for less than a minimum period, generally more than 45 days during the 91-day period beginning 45 days before the ex-dividend date or if the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property. Receipt of certain distributions qualifying for the DRD may result in reduction of the tax basis of the corporate shareholders shares. Distributions eligible for the DRD may give rise to or increase the alternative minimum tax for certain corporations. Payments in lieu of dividends, such as payments pursuant to securities lending arrangements, also do not qualify for the DRD.
Recognition of Unrelated Business Taxable Income by Tax-Exempt Shareholders.
Under current law, tax-exempt investors generally will not recognize unrelated business taxable income (UBTI) from distributions from the Fund. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a tax-exempt shareholder could recognize UBTI if shares in the Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of a tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of Code section 514(b). In addition, certain types of income received by the Fund from REITs, real estate mortgage investment conduits (REMICs), taxable mortgage pools or other investments may cause the Fund to designate some or all of its distributions as excess inclusion income. To Fund shareholders such excess inclusion income may: (1) constitute taxable income as UBTI for those shareholders who would otherwise be tax-exempt such as individual retirement accounts,
employer sponsored retirement
plans and certain charitable entities; (2) not be offset by otherwise allowable deductions for tax purposes; (3) not be eligible for reduced U.S. withholding for non-U.S. shareholders even from tax treaty countries; and (4) cause the Fund to be subject to tax if certain disqualified organizations as defined by the Code are Fund shareholders.
Redemption or Exchange of Fund Shares. Generally, upon sale or exchange of Fund shares, a shareholder will realize a taxable gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized and the basis in the shares. Such gain or loss will be treated as capital gain or loss if the shares are capital assets in the shareholders hands, and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the shares are held for more than one year, and short-term capital gain or loss if the shares are held for one year or less.
Any loss realized upon the sale or exchange of Fund shares with a tax holding period of six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any distributions treated as long-term capital gain with respect to such shares. In addition, all or a portion of a loss realized on a redemption or other disposition of Fund shares may be disallowed under wash sale rules to the extent the shareholder acquired other shares of the same Fund (whether through the reinvestment of distributions or
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
32
SAI dated May 1, 2014
otherwise) within the period beginning 30 days before the redemption of the loss shares and ending 30 days after such date. Any disallowed loss will result in an adjustment to the shareholders tax basis in some or all of the other shares acquired.
Sales charges paid upon a purchase of shares subject to a front-end sales charge cannot be taken into account for purposes of determining gain or loss on a redemption or exchange of the shares before the 91st day after their purchase to the extent a sales charge is reduced or eliminated in a subsequent acquisition of Fund shares (or shares of another fund) on or before January 31 of the following calendar year pursuant to the reinvestment or exchange privilege. Any disregarded amounts will result in an adjustment to the shareholders tax basis in some or all of any other shares acquired.
Applicability of Medicare Contribution Tax.
The Code imposes a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax on unearned income of certain U.S. individuals, estates and trusts. For individuals, the tax is on the lesser of the net investment income and the excess of modified adjusted gross income over $200,000 (or $250,000 if married filing jointly). Net investment income includes, among other things, interest, dividends, and gross income and capital gains derived from passive activities and trading in securities or commodities. Net investment income is reduced by deductions properly allocable to this income.
Back-Up Withholding for U.S. Shareholders. Amounts paid by the Fund to individuals and certain other shareholders who have not provided the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification number (TIN) and certain certifications required by the IRS as well as shareholders with respect to whom the Fund has received certain information from the IRS or a broker, may be subject to backup withholding of federal income tax arising from the Funds taxable dividends and other distributions as well as the proceeds of redemption transactions (including repurchases and exchanges), at a rate of 28%. An individuals TIN is generally his or her social security number. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amount withheld may be credited against a shareholders U.S. federal income tax liability.
Taxation of Foreign Shareholders. In general, dividends (other than capital gain dividends and exempt-interest dividends) paid to a shareholder that is not a U.S. person within the meaning of the Code (a foreign person or foreign shareholder) are subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate). The withholding tax does not apply to regular dividends paid to a foreign person who provides a Form W-8ECI, certifying that the dividends are effectively connected with the foreign persons conduct of a trade or business within the United States. Instead, the effectively connected dividends will be subject to regular U.S. income tax as if the foreign person were a U.S. shareholder. A non-U.S. corporation receiving effectively connected dividends may also be subject to additional branch profits tax imposed at a rate of 30% (or lower treaty rate). A foreign person who fails to provide an IRS Form W-8BEN or other applicable form may be subject to backup withholding at the appropriate rate. A foreign shareholder would generally be exempt from U.S. federal income tax, including withholding tax, on gains realized on the sale of shares of the Fund, net capital gain dividends, exempt interest dividends, and amounts retained by the Fund that are reported as undistributed capital gains.
For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2014, properly reported dividends are generally exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax where they (i) are paid in respect of the Funds qualified net interest income (generally, the Funds U.S. source interest income, other than certain contingent interest and interest from obligations of a corporation or partnership in which the Fund is at least a 10% shareholder, reduced by expenses that are allocable to such income) or (ii) are paid in respect of the Funds qualified short-term capital gains (generally, the excess of the Funds net short-term capital gain over the Funds long-term capital loss for such taxable year). However, depending on its circumstances, the Fund may report all, some or none of its potentially eligible dividends as such qualified net interest income or as qualified short-term capital gains and/or treat such dividends, in whole or in part, as ineligible for this exemption from withholding. In order to qualify for this exemption from withholding, a non-U.S. shareholder would need to comply with applicable certification requirements relating to its non-U.S. status (including, in general, furnishing an IRS Form W-8BEN or substitute Form). In the case of shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary could withhold even if the Fund designates the payment as qualified net interest income or qualified short-term capital gain. Non-U.S. shareholders should contact their intermediaries with respect to the application of these rules to their accounts.
For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2014, distributions that the Fund reports as short-term capital gain dividends or long-term capital gain dividends will not be treated as such to a recipient foreign shareholder if the distribution is attributable to gain from the sale or exchange of U.S. real property or an interest in a U.S. real property holding corporation and the Funds direct or indirect interests in U.S. real property exceeded certain levels. Instead, if the foreign shareholder has not owned more than 5% of the outstanding shares of the Fund at any time during the one year period ending on the date of distribution, such distributions will be subject to 30% withholding by the Fund and will be treated as ordinary dividends to the foreign shareholder; if the foreign shareholder owned more than 5% of the outstanding shares of the Fund at any time during the one year period ending on the date of the distribution, such distribution will be treated as real property gain subject to 35% withholding tax and could subject the foreign shareholder to U.S. filing requirements. The rules described in this paragraph, other than the
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
33
SAI dated May 1, 2014
withholding rules, will apply notwithstanding the Funds participation or a foreign shareholders participation in a wash sale transaction or the payment of a substitute dividend.
Additionally, if the Funds direct or indirect interests in U.S. real property were to exceed certain levels, a foreign shareholder realizing gains upon redemption from the Fund could be subject to the 35% withholding tax and U.S. filing requirements unless the foreign person had not held more than 5% of the Funds outstanding shares throughout either such persons holding period for the redeemed shares or, if shorter, the previous five years, or for sales occurring on or before December 31, 2013, 50% or more of the value of the Funds shares were held by U.S. entities.
The same rules apply with respect to distributions to a foreign shareholder from the Fund and redemptions of a foreign shareholders interest in the Fund attributable to a REITs distribution to the Fund of gain from the sale or exchange of U.S. real property or an interest in a U.S. real property holding corporation, if the Funds direct or indirect interests in U.S. real property were to exceed certain levels. The rule with respect to distributions and redemptions attributable to a REITs distribution to the Fund will not expire for taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2014.
Provided that 50% or more of the value of the Funds stock is held by U.S. shareholders, distributions of U.S. real property interests (including securities in a U.S. real property holding corporation, unless such corporation is regularly traded on an established securities market and the Fund has held 5% or less of the outstanding shares of the corporation during the five-year period ending on the date of distribution) occurring on or before December 31, 2013, in redemption of a foreign shareholders shares of the Fund will cause the Fund to recognize gain. If the Fund is required to recognize gain, the amount of gain recognized will be equal to the fair market value of such interests over the Funds adjusted basis to the extent of the greatest foreign ownership percentage of the Fund during the five-year period ending on the date of redemption.
In the case of foreign non-corporate shareholders, the Fund may be required to backup withhold U.S. federal income tax on distributions that are otherwise exempt from withholding tax unless such shareholders furnish the Fund with proper notification of their foreign status.
Shares of the Fund held by a non-U.S. shareholder at death will be considered situated within the United States and subject to the U.S. estate tax.
Compliance with the HIRE Act.
A 30% withholding tax will be imposed on
U.S.-source
dividends
, interest and other income items
paid after
June 30, 2014
, and
proceeds
from the sale of property producing U.S.-source dividends and interest
paid after December 31, 2016, to (i) foreign financial institutions including non-U.S. investment funds unless they agree to collect and disclose to the IRS information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. account holders and (ii) certain other foreign entities, unless they certify certain information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. owners. To avoid withholding, foreign financial institutions will need to either enter into agreements with the IRS that state that they will provide the IRS information, including the names, addresses and taxpayer identification numbers of direct and indirect U.S. account holders, comply with due diligence procedures with respect to the identification of U.S. accounts, report to the IRS certain information with respect to U.S. accounts maintained, agree to withhold tax on certain payments made to non-compliant foreign financial institutions or to account holders who fail to provide the required information, and determine certain other information as to their account holders or, in the event that an applicable intergovernmental agreement and implementing legislation are adopted, agree to provide certain information to other revenue authorities for transmittal to the IRS. Other foreign entities will need to either provide the name, address, and taxpayer identification number of each substantial U.S. owner or certifications of no substantial U.S. ownership unless certain exceptions apply or agree to provide certain information to other revenue authorities for transmittal to the IRS. Non-U.S. shareholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the possible implications of these requirements on their investment in the Fund.
Requirements of Form 8886.
Under Treasury regulations, if a shareholder realizes a loss on disposition of the Funds shares of
at least
$2 million
in any single taxable year
or
$4 million in any combination of taxable years
for an individual shareholder or
at least
$10 million
in any single taxable year
or
$20 million in any combination of taxable years
for a corporate shareholder, the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a RIC are not excepted. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayers treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances. Under certain circumstances, certain tax-exempt entities and their managers may be subject to excise tax if they are parties to certain reportable transactions.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
34
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Other Taxes. Dividends, distributions and redemption proceeds may also be subject to additional state, local and foreign taxes depending on each shareholders particular situation.
Changes in Taxation. The taxation of the Fund, the Portfolio, the Subsidiary and shareholders may be adversely affected by future legislation, Treasury regulations, IRS revenue procedures and/or guidance issued by the IRS.
PORTFOLIO SECURITIES TRANSACTIONS
Decisions concerning the execution of portfolio security transactions, including the selection of the market and the broker-dealer firm, are made by
the
investment adviser. The Portfolio is responsible for the expenses associated with its portfolio transactions. The investment adviser is also responsible for the execution of transactions for all other accounts managed by it. The investment adviser places the portfolio security transactions for execution with one or more broker-dealer firms. The investment adviser uses its best efforts to obtain execution of portfolio security transactions at prices which in the investment advisers judgment are advantageous to the client and at a reasonably competitive spread or (when a disclosed commission is being charged) at reasonably competitive commission rates. In seeking such execution, the investment adviser will use its best judgment in evaluating the terms of a transaction, and will give consideration to various relevant factors, including without limitation the full range and quality of the broker-dealer firms services,
responsiveness of the firm to the investment adviser, the size and type of the transaction, the nature and character of the market for the security, the confidentiality, speed and certainty of effective execution required for the transaction, the general execution and operational capabilities of the broker-dealer firm, the reputation, reliability, experience and financial condition of the firm, the value and quality of the services rendered by the firm in this and other transactions, and the amount of the spread or commission, if any. In addition, the investment adviser may consider the receipt of Research Services (as defined below), provided it does not compromise the investment
advisers
obligation to seek best overall execution for the Portfolio. The investment adviser may engage in portfolio brokerage transactions with a broker-dealer firm that sells shares of Eaton Vance funds, provided such transactions are not directed to
that
firm as compensation for the promotion or sale of such shares.
Transactions on stock exchanges and other agency transactions involve the payment of negotiated brokerage commissions. Such commissions vary among different broker-dealer firms, and a particular broker-dealer may charge different commissions according to such factors as the difficulty and size of the transaction and the volume of business done with such broker-dealer. Transactions in foreign securities often involve the payment of brokerage commissions, which may be higher than those in the United States. There is generally no stated commission in the case of securities traded in the over-the-counter markets including transactions in fixed-income securities which are generally purchased and sold on a net basis (i.e., without commission) through broker-dealers and banks acting for their own account rather than as brokers. Such firms attempt to profit from such transactions by buying at the bid price and selling at the higher asked price of the market for such obligations, and the difference between the bid and asked price is customarily referred to as the spread. Fixed-income transactions may also be transactions directly with the issuer of the obligations. In an underwritten offering the price paid often includes a disclosed fixed commission or discount retained by the underwriter or dealer. Although spreads or commissions paid on portfolio security transactions will, in the judgment of the investment adviser, be reasonable in relation to the value of the services provided, commissions exceeding those which another firm might charge may be paid to broker-dealers who were selected to execute transactions on behalf of the investment advisers clients in part for providing brokerage and research services to the investment adviser.
Pursuant to the safe harbor provided in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Section 28(e)), a broker or dealer who executes a portfolio transaction on behalf of the investment adviser client may receive a commission that is in excess of the amount of commission another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction if the investment adviser determines in good faith that such compensation was reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided. This determination may be made on the basis of either that particular transaction or on the basis of the overall responsibility which the investment adviser and its affiliates have for accounts over which they exercise investment discretion. Research Services as used herein includes any and all brokerage and research services to the extent permitted by Section 28(e). Generally, Research Services may include, but are not limited to, such matters as research, analytical and quotation services, data, information and other services products and materials which assist the investment adviser in the performance of its investment responsibilities. More specifically, Research Services may include general economic, political, business and market information, industry and company reviews, evaluations of securities and portfolio strategies and transactions, technical analysis of various aspects of the securities markets, recommendations as to the purchase and sale of securities and other portfolio transactions, certain financial, industry and trade publications, certain news and information services, and certain research oriented computer software, data bases and services. Any particular Research Service obtained through a broker-dealer may be used by the investment adviser in connection with client accounts other than those accounts which pay commissions to such broker-dealer. Any such Research Service may be broadly useful and of value to the investment adviser in rendering investment advisory services to all or a significant portion of its clients, or may be relevant and useful for the
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
35
SAI dated May 1, 2014
management of only one clients account or of a few clients accounts, or may be useful for the management of merely a segment of certain clients accounts, regardless of whether any such account or accounts paid commissions to the broker-dealer through which such Research Service was obtained. The investment adviser evaluates the nature and quality of the various Research Services obtained through broker-dealer firms and may attempt to allocate sufficient portfolio security transactions to such firms to ensure the continued receipt of Research Services which the investment adviser believes are useful or of value to it in rendering investment advisory services to its clients. The investment adviser may also receive brokerage and Research Services from underwriters and dealers in fixed-price offerings.
Research Services provided by (and produced by) broker-dealers that execute portfolio transactions or from affiliates of executing broker-dealers are referred to as Proprietary Research. The investment adviser may and does consider the receipt of Proprietary Research Services as a factor in selecting broker dealers to execute client portfolio transactions, provided it does not compromise the investment advisers obligation to seek best overall execution. The investment adviser also may consider the receipt of Research Services under so called client commission arrangements or commission sharing arrangements (both referred to as CCAs) as a factor in selecting broker dealers to execute transactions, provided it does not compromise the investment advisers obligation to seek best overall execution. Under a CCA arrangement, the investment adviser may cause client accounts to effect transactions through a broker-dealer and request that the broker-dealer allocate a portion of the commissions paid on those transactions to a pool of commission credits that are paid to other firms that provide Research Services to the investment adviser. Under a CCA, the broker-dealer that provides the Research Services need not execute the trade. Participating in CCAs may enable the investment adviser to consolidate payments for research using accumulated client commission credits from transactions executed through a particular broker-dealer to periodically pay for Research Services obtained from and provided by other firms, including other broker-dealers that supply Research Services. The investment adviser believes that CCAs offer the potential to optimize the execution of trades and the acquisition of a variety of high quality Research Services that the investment adviser might not be provided access to absent CCAs. The investment adviser will only enter into and utilize CCAs to the extent permitted by Section 28(e).
The investment companies sponsored by the investment adviser or its affiliates also may allocate brokerage commissions to acquire information relating to the performance, fees and expenses of such companies and other investment companies, which information is used by the members of the Board of such companies to fulfill their responsibility to oversee the quality of the services provided to various entities, including the investment adviser, to such companies. Such companies may also pay cash for such information.
Securities considered as investments for the Portfolio may also be appropriate for other investment accounts managed by the investment adviser or its affiliates. Whenever decisions are made to buy or sell securities by the Portfolio and one or more of such other accounts simultaneously, the investment adviser will allocate the security transactions (including new issues) in a manner which it believes to be equitable under the circumstances. As a result of such allocations, there may be instances where the Portfolio will not participate in a transaction that is allocated among other accounts. If an aggregated order cannot be filled completely, allocations will generally be made on a pro rata basis. An order may not be allocated on a pro rata basis where, for example: (i) consideration is given to portfolio managers who have been instrumental in developing or negotiating a particular investment; (ii) consideration is given to an account with specialized investment policies that coincide with the particulars of a specific investment; (iii) pro rata allocation would result in odd-lot or de minimis amounts being allocated to a portfolio or other client; or (iv) where the investment adviser reasonably determines that departure from a pro rata allocation is advisable. While these aggregation and allocation policies could have a detrimental effect on the price or amount of the securities available to the Portfolio from time to time, it is the opinion of the members of the Board that the benefits from the investment adviser organization outweigh any disadvantage that may arise from exposure to simultaneous transactions.
The following table shows brokerage commissions paid during the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, as well as the amount of Portfolio security transactions for the most recent fiscal year (if any) that were directed to firms that provided some Research Services to the investment adviser or its affiliates (see above), and the commissions paid in connection therewith.
Fiscal Year
|
Brokerage
|
Amount of Transactions
|
Commissions Paid on
|
December 31, 2013 |
$ 0 |
$ 0 |
$ 0 |
December 31, 2012 |
$ 0 |
|
|
December 31, 2011 |
$ 0 |
|
|
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
36
SAI dated May 1, 2014
During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the Portfolio held securities of its or the Funds regular brokers or dealers, as that term is defined in Rule 10b-1 of the 1940 Act, the value of such securities as of the Portfolios fiscal year end was as follows:
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The audited financial statements of, and the report of the independent registered public accounting firm for the Fund appear in its annual report to shareholders and are incorporated by reference into this SAI. A copy of the annual report accompanies this SAI.
Householding. Consistent with applicable law, duplicate mailings of shareholder reports and certain other Fund information to shareholders residing at the same address may be eliminated.
Registrant incorporates by reference the audited financial information and the reports of the independent registered public accounting firm for the Fund and Portfolio for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, as previously filed electronically with the SEC (Accession No. 0001193125-14-069367).
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
Asset Coverage |
To the extent required by SEC guidelines, if a transaction exposes the Fund to an obligation of another party it will either: (1) enter an offsetting (covered) position for the same type of financial asset; or (2) segregate cash or liquid securities on the books of either the custodian or the investment adviser with a value sufficient at all times to cover its potential obligations not covered. Assets used as cover or segregated cannot be sold while the position(s) requiring cover is open unless replaced with other appropriate assets. As a result, if a large portion of assets is segregated or committed as cover, it could impede portfolio management, the ability to meet redemption requests, or other current obligations. The types of transactions that may require asset coverage include (but are not limited to) reverse repurchase agreements, repurchase agreements, short sales, securities lending, forward contracts, options, forward commitments, futures contracts, when-issued securities, swap agreements, residual interest bonds, and participation in revolving credit facilities. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
37
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
38
SAI dated May 1, 2014
|
Valuations of such securities is highly speculative, however, dividends on auction rate preferred securities issued by a closed-end fund may be reported, generally on Form 1099, as exempt from federal income tax to the extent they are attributable to tax-exempt interest income earned by the Fund on the securities and distributed to holders of the preferred securities, provided that the preferred securities are treated as equity securities for federal income tax purposes, and the closed-end fund complies with certain requirements under the Code. Investments in auction rate preferred securities of closed-end funds are subject to limitations on investments in other U.S. registered investment companies, which limitations are prescribed by the 1940 Act. |
Average Effective Maturity |
Average effective maturity is a weighted average of all the maturities of bonds owned by the Fund. Average effective maturity takes into consideration all mortgage payments, puts and adjustable coupons. In the event the Fund invests in multiple Portfolios, its average weighted maturity is the sum of its allocable share of the average weighted maturity of each of the Portfolios in which it invests, which is determined by multiplying the Portfolios average weighted maturity by the Funds percentage ownership of that Portfolio. |
Borrowing for Investment Purposes |
Successful use of a borrowing strategy depends on the investment advisers ability to predict correctly interest rates and market movements. There is no assurance that a borrowing strategy will be successful. Upon the expiration of the term of the Funds existing credit arrangement, the lender may not be willing to extend further credit to the Fund or may be willing to do so at an increased cost to the Fund. If the Fund is not able to extend its credit arrangement, it may be required to liquidate holdings to repay amounts borrowed from the lender. Borrowing to increase investments generally will magnify the effect on the Funds net asset value of any increase or decrease in the value of the security purchased with the borrowings. Successful use of a borrowing strategy depends on the investment advisers ability to predict correctly interest rates and market movements. There can be no assurance that the use of borrowings will be successful. In connection with its borrowings, the Fund will be required to maintain specified asset coverage with respect to such borrowings by both the 1940 Act and the terms of its credit facility with the lender. The Fund may be required to dispose of portfolio investments on unfavorable terms if market fluctuations or other factors reduce the required asset coverage to less than the prescribed amount. Borrowings involve additional expense to the Fund. |
Borrowing for Temporary Purposes |
The Fund may borrow for temporary purposes (such as to satisfy redemption requests, to remain fully invested in advance of the settlement of share purchases, and to settle transactions). The Fund typically makes any such borrowings pursuant to an umbrella credit facility to which most of the Eaton Vance funds have access. The Funds ability to borrow under the credit facility is subject to its terms and conditions, which in some cases may limit the Funds ability to borrow under the facility. The credit facility is subject to an annual renewal, which cannot be assured. If the Fund does not have the ability to borrow for temporary purposes, it may be required to sell securities at inopportune times to meet short-term liquidity needs. Borrowings involve additional expense to the Fund. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
39
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Build America Bonds |
Build America Bonds are taxable municipal obligations issued pursuant to the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (the Act) or other legislation providing for the issuance of taxable municipal debt on which the issuer receives federal support. Enacted in February 2009, the Act authorizes state and local governments to issue taxable bonds on which, assuming certain specified conditions are satisfied, issuers may either (i) receive reimbursement from the U.S. Treasury with respect to its interest payments on the bonds (direct pay Build America Bonds); or (ii) provide tax credits to investors in the bonds (tax credit Build America Bonds). Unlike most other municipal obligations, interest received on Build America Bonds is subject to federal income tax and may be subject to state income tax. Under the terms of the Act, issuers of direct pay Build America Bonds are entitled to receive reimbursement from the U.S. Treasury currently equal to 35% (or 45% in the case of Recovery Zone Economic Development Bonds) of the interest paid. Holders of tax credit Build America Bonds can receive a federal tax credit currently equal to 35% of the coupon interest received. The Fund may invest in principal only strips of tax credit Build America Bonds, which entitle the holder to receive par value of such bonds if held to maturity. The Fund does not expect to receive (or pass through to shareholders) tax credits as a result of its investments. The federal interest subsidy or tax credit continues for the life of the bonds. Build America Bonds are an alternative form of financing to state and local governments whose primary means for accessing the capital markets has been through issuance of tax-free municipal bonds. Build America Bonds can appeal to a broader array of investors than the high income U.S. taxpayers that have traditionally provided the market for municipal bonds. Build America Bonds may provide a lower net cost of funds to issuers. Pursuant to the terms of the Act, the issuance of Build America Bonds ceased on December 31, 2010. As a result, the availability of such bonds is limited and the market for the bonds and/or their liquidity may be affected. |
Call and Put Features on Obligations |
Issuers of obligations may reserve the right to call (redeem) the obligations. If an issuer redeems an obligation with a call right during a time of declining interest rates, the holder of the obligation may not be able to reinvest the proceeds in securities providing the same investment return as provided by the securities redeemed. Some obligations may have put or demand features that allow early redemption by the holder. Longer term fixed-rate bonds may give the holder a right to request redemption at certain times (often annually after the lapse of an intermediate term). This put or demand feature enhances an obligations liquidity by shortening its effective maturity and enables the security to trade at a price equal to or very close to par. If a demand feature terminates prior to being exercised, the holder of the obligation would be subject to the longer maturity of the obligation, which could experience substantially more volatility. Obligations with a put or demand feature are more defensive than conventional long term bonds (protecting to some degree against a rise in interest rates) while providing greater opportunity than comparable intermediate term bonds, because they can be retained if interest rates decline. |
Cash Equivalents |
Cash equivalents include short term, high quality, U.S. dollar denominated instruments such as commercial paper, certificates of deposit and bankers acceptances issued by U.S. or foreign banks, and Treasury bills and other obligations with a maturity of one year or less, including those issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies and instrumentalities. See U.S. Government Securities below. Certificates of deposit are certificates issued against funds deposited in a commercial bank, are for a definite period of time, earn a specified rate of return, and are normally negotiable. Bankers acceptances are short-term credit instruments used to finance the import, export, transfer or storage of goods. They are termed accepted when a bank guarantees their payment at maturity. |
|
The obligations of foreign branches of U.S. banks may be general obligations of the parent bank in addition to the issuing branch, or may be limited by the terms of a specific obligation and by governmental regulation. Payment of interest and principal upon these obligations may also be affected by governmental action in the country of domicile of the branch (generally referred to as sovereign risk). In addition, evidence of ownership of portfolio securities may be held outside of the U.S. and generally will be subject to the risks associated with the holding of such property overseas. Various provisions of U.S. law governing the establishment and operation of domestic branches do not apply to foreign branches of domestic banks. The obligations of U.S. branches of foreign banks may be general obligations of the parent bank in addition to the issuing branch, or may be limited by the terms of a specific obligation and by federal and state regulation as well as by governmental action in the country in which the foreign bank has its head office. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
40
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
41
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Commodity-Related Investments |
The value of commodities investments will generally be affected by overall market movements and factors specific to a particular industry or commodity, which may include weather, embargoes, tariffs, and health, political, international and regulatory developments. Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for commodities, which may reduce market prices and cause the value of Fund shares to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted. Exposure to commodities and commodities markets may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. No active trading market may exist for certain commodities investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such investments. In addition, adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of actively traded commodities investments. Certain types of commodities instruments (such as total return swaps and commodity-linked notes) are subject to the risk that the counterparty to the instrument will not perform or will be unable to perform in accordance with the terms of the instrument. To the extent commodity-related investments are held through the Subsidiary, the Subsidiary is not subject to U.S. laws (including securities laws) and their protections. The Subsidiary is subject to the laws of the Cayman Islands, a foreign jurisdiction, and can be affected by developments in that jurisdiction. |
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Certain commodities are subject to limited pricing flexibility because of supply and demand factors. Others are subject to broad price fluctuations as a result of the volatility of the prices for certain raw materials and the instability of supplies of other materials. These additional variables may create additional investment risks and result in greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. The commodities that underlie commodity futures contracts and commodity swaps may be subject to additional economic and non-economic variables, such as drought, floods, weather, livestock disease, embargoes, tariffs, and international economic, political and regulatory developments. Unlike the financial futures markets, in the commodity futures markets there are costs of physical storage associated with purchasing the underlying commodity. The price of the commodity futures contract will reflect the storage costs of purchasing the physical commodity, including the time value of money invested in the physical commodity. To the extent that the storage costs for an underlying commodity change while the Fund is invested in futures contracts on that commodity, the value of the futures contract may change proportionately. |
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In the commodity futures markets, producers of the underlying commodity may decide to hedge the price risk of selling the commodity by selling futures contracts today to lock in the price of the commodity at delivery tomorrow. In order to induce speculators to purchase the other side of the same futures contract, the commodity producer generally must sell the futures contract at a lower price than the expected future spot price. Conversely, if most hedgers in the futures market are purchasing futures contracts to hedge against a rise in prices, then speculators will only sell the other side of the futures contract at a higher futures price than the expected future spot price of the commodity. The changing nature of the hedgers and speculators in the commodity markets will influence whether futures prices are above or below the expected future spot price, which can have significant implications for the Fund. If the nature of hedgers and speculators in futures markets has shifted when it is time for the Fund to reinvest the proceeds of a maturing contract in a new futures contract, the Fund might reinvest at higher or lower futures prices, or choose to pursue other investments. |
Common Stocks |
Common stock represents an equity ownership interest in the issuing corporation. Holders of common stock generally have voting rights in the issuer and are entitled to receive common stock dividends when, as and if declared by the corporations board of directors. Common stock normally occupies the most subordinated position in an issuers capital structure. Returns on common stock investments consist of any dividends received plus the amount of appreciation or depreciation in the value of the stock. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
42
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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Although common stocks have historically generated higher average returns than fixed-income securities over the long term and particularly during periods of high or rising concerns about inflation, common stocks also have experienced significantly more volatility in returns and may not maintain their real value during inflationary periods. An adverse event, such as an unfavorable earnings report, may depress the value of a particular common stock. Also, the prices of common stocks are sensitive to general movements in the stock market and a drop in the stock market may depress the price of common stocks. Common stock prices fluctuate for many reasons, including changes in investors perceptions of the financial condition of an issuer or the general condition of the relevant stock market, or when political or economic events affecting the issuer occur. In addition, common stock prices may be sensitive to rising interest rates as the costs of capital rise and borrowing costs increase. |
Convertible Securities |
A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note, preferred security, or other security that entitles the holder to acquire common stock or other equity securities of the same or a different issuer. A convertible security entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on debt or the dividend paid on preferred securities until the convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Before conversion, convertible securities have characteristics similar to nonconvertible income securities in that they ordinarily provide a stable stream of income with generally higher yields than those of common stocks of the same or similar issuers, but lower yields than comparable nonconvertible securities. The value of a convertible security is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other factors also may have an effect on the convertible securitys investment value. A convertible security ranks senior to common stock in a corporations capital structure but is usually subordinated to comparable nonconvertible securities. Convertible securities may be purchased for their appreciation potential when they yield more than the underlying securities at the time of purchase or when they are considered to present less risk of principal loss than the underlying securities. Generally speaking, the interest or dividend yield of a convertible security is somewhat less than that of a non-convertible security of similar quality issued by the same company. A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible securitys governing instrument. |
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Convertible securities are issued and traded in a number of securities markets. Even in cases where a substantial portion of the convertible securities held by the Fund are denominated in U.S. dollars, the underlying equity securities may be quoted in the currency of the country where the issuer is domiciled. As a result, fluctuations in the exchange rate between the currency in which the debt security is denominated and the currency in which the share price is quoted will affect the value of the convertible security. With respect to convertible securities denominated in a currency different from that of the underlying equity securities, the conversion price may be based on a fixed exchange rate established at the time the securities are issued, which may increase the effects of currency risk. |
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Holders of convertible securities generally have a claim on the assets of the issuer prior to the common stockholders but may be subordinated to other debt securities of the same issuer. Certain convertible debt securities may provide a put option to the holder, which entitles the holder to cause the securities to be redeemed by the issuer at a premium over the stated principal amount of the debt securities under certain circumstances. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
43
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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Certain convertible securities may include loss absorption characteristics that make the securities more equity - like. This is particularly true in the financial services sector. While loss absorption language is relatively rare in the convertible securities markets today, it may become more prevalent. One convertible security with loss absorption characteristics is the contingent convertible security (sometimes referred to as a CoCo). These securities provide for mandatory conversion into common stock of the issuer under certain circumstances. The mandatory conversion might be automatically triggered for instance, if a company fails to meet the capital minimum described in the security, the companys regulator makes a determination that the security should convert, or the company receives specified levels of extraordinary public support. Since the common stock of the issuer may not pay a dividend, investors in these instruments could experience a reduced income rate, potentially to zero; and conversion would deepen the subordination of the investor, hence worsening standing in a bankruptcy. In addition, some such instruments have a set stock conversion rate that would cause an automatic write-down of capital if the price of the stock is below the conversion price on the conversion date. In another version of a security with loss absorption characteristics, the liquidation value of the security may be adjusted downward to below the original par value under certain circumstances similar to those that would trigger a CoCo. The write down of the par value would occur automatically and would not entitle the holders to seek bankruptcy of the company. In certain versions of the instruments, the notes will write down to zero under certain circumstances and investors could lose everything, even as the issuer remains in business. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
44
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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Synthetic convertible securities may include either cash-settled convertibles or manufactured convertibles. Cash-settled convertibles are instruments that are created by the issuer and have the economic characteristics of traditional convertible securities but may not actually permit conversion into the underlying equity securities in all circumstances. As an example, a private company may issue a cash-settled convertible that is convertible into common stock only if the company successfully completes a public offering of its common stock prior to maturity and otherwise pays a cash amount to reflect any equity appreciation. Manufactured convertibles are created by the investment adviser or another party by combining separate securities that possess one of the two principal characteristics of a convertible security, i.e. , fixed-income (fixed-income component) or a right to acquire equity securities (convertibility component). The fixed-income component is achieved by investing in nonconvertible fixed-income securities, such as nonconvertible bonds, preferred securities and money market instruments. The convertibility component is achieved by investing in call options, warrants, or other securities with equity conversion features (equity features) granting the holder the right to purchase a specified quantity of the underlying stocks within a specified period of time at a specified price or, in the case of a stock index option, the right to receive a cash payment based on the value of the underlying stock index. A manufactured convertible differs from traditional convertible securities in several respects. Unlike a traditional convertible security, which is a single security that has a unitary market value, a manufactured convertible is comprised of two or more separate securities, each with its own market value. Therefore, the total market value of such a manufactured convertible is the sum of the values of its fixed-income component and its convertibility component. More flexibility is possible in the creation of a manufactured convertible than in the purchase of a traditional convertible security. Because many corporations have not issued convertible securities, the investment adviser may combine a fixed-income instrument and an equity feature with respect to the stock of the issuer of the fixed-income instrument to create a synthetic convertible security otherwise unavailable in the market. The investment adviser may also combine a fixed-income instrument of an issuer with an equity feature with respect to the stock of a different issuer when the investment adviser believes such a manufactured convertible would better promote the Funds objective than alternative investments. For example, the investment adviser may combine an equity feature with respect to an issuers stock with a fixed-income security of a different issuer in the same industry to diversify the Funds credit exposure, or with a U.S. Treasury instrument to create a manufactured convertible with a higher credit profile than a traditional convertible security issued by that issuer. A manufactured convertible also is a more flexible investment in that its two components may be purchased separately and, upon purchasing the separate securities, combined to create a manufactured convertible. For example, the Fund may purchase a warrant for eventual inclusion in a manufactured convertible while postponing the purchase of a suitable bond to pair with the warrant pending development of more favorable market conditions. The value of a manufactured convertible may respond to certain market fluctuations differently from a traditional convertible security with similar characteristics. For example, in the event the Fund created a manufactured convertible by combining a short-term U.S. Treasury instrument and a call option on a stock, the manufactured convertible would be expected to outperform a traditional convertible of similar maturity that is convertible into that stock during periods when Treasury instruments outperform corporate fixed-income securities and underperform during periods when corporate fixed-income securities outperform Treasury instruments. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
45
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Credit Linked Securities |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Credit linked securities are issued by a limited purpose trust or other vehicle that, in turn, invests in a derivative instrument or basket of derivative instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps, and other securities in order to provide exposure to certain fixed-income markets. Credit linked securities may be used as a cash management tool in order to gain exposure to a certain market and to remain fully invested when more traditional income producing securities are not available. Like an investment in a bond, investments in credit linked securities represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in the form of distributions) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the security. However, these payments are conditioned on the issuers receipt of payments from, and the issuers potential obligations to, the counterparties to the derivative instruments and other securities in which the issuer invests. An issuer may sell one or more credit default swaps, under which the issuer would receive a stream of payments over the term of the swap agreements provided that no event of default has occurred with respect to the referenced debt obligation upon which the swap is based. If a default occurs, the stream of payments may stop and the issuer would be obligated to pay the counterparty the par (or other agreed upon value) of the referenced debt obligation. This, in turn, would reduce the amount of income and principal that the holder of the credit linked security would receive. Credit linked securities generally will be exempt from registration under the 1933 Act. Accordingly, there may be no established trading market for the securities and they may constitute illiquid investments. |
Derivative Instruments and Related Risks |
Generally, derivatives can be characterized as financial instruments whose performance is derived at least in part from the performance of an underlying reference instrument. Derivative instruments may be acquired in the United States or abroad and include the various types of exchange-traded and over-the-counter (OTC) instruments described herein and other instruments with substantially similar characteristics and risks. Derivative instruments may be based on securities, indices, currencies, commodities, economic indicators and events (referred to as reference instruments). Fund obligations created pursuant to derivative instruments may be subject to the requirements described under Asset Coverage herein. |
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Derivative instruments are subject to a number of risks, including adverse or unexpected movements in the price of the reference instrument, and counterparty, liquidity, tax, correlation and leverage risks. Use of derivative instruments may cause the realization of higher amounts of short-term capital gains (generally taxed at ordinary income tax rates) than if such instruments had not been used. Success in using derivative instruments to hedge portfolio assets depends on the degree of price correlation between the derivative instruments and the hedged asset. Imperfect correlation may be caused by several factors, including temporary price disparities among the trading markets for the derivative instrument, the reference instrument and the Funds assets. To the extent that a derivative instrument is intended to hedge against an event that does not occur, the Fund may realize losses. |
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OTC derivative instruments involve an additional risk in that the issuer or counterparty may fail to perform its contractual obligations. Some derivative instruments are not readily marketable or may become illiquid under adverse market conditions. In addition, during periods of market volatility, a commodity exchange may suspend or limit trading in an exchange-traded derivative instrument, which may make the contract temporarily illiquid and difficult to price. Commodity exchanges may also establish daily limits on the amount that the price of a futures contract or futures option can vary from the previous days settlement price. Once the daily limit is reached, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond the limit. This may prevent the closing out of positions to limit losses. The staff of the SEC takes the position that certain purchased OTC options, and assets used as cover for written OTC options, are illiquid. The ability to terminate OTC derivative instruments may depend on the cooperation of the counterparties to such contracts. For thinly traded derivative instruments, the only source of price quotations may be the selling dealer or counterparty. In addition, certain provisions of the Code limit the use of derivative instruments. Derivatives permit the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, to which its portfolio is exposed in much the same way as the Fund can increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, of its portfolio by making investments in specific securities. There can be no assurance that the use of derivative instruments will benefit the Fund. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
46
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Direct Investments |
Direct investments include (i) the private purchase from an enterprise of an equity interest in the enterprise in the form of shares of common stock or equity interests in trusts, partnerships, joint ventures or similar enterprises, and (ii) the purchase of such an equity interest in an enterprise from a principal investor in the enterprise. At the time of making a direct investment, the Fund will enter into a shareholder or similar agreement with the enterprise and one or more other holders of equity interests in the enterprise. These agreements may, in appropriate circumstances, provide the ability to appoint a representative to the board of directors or similar body of the enterprise and for eventual disposition of the investment in the enterprise. Such a representative would be expected to monitor the investment and protect the Funds rights in the investment and would not be appointed for the purpose of exercising management or control of the enterprise. |
Diversified Status |
With respect to 75% of its total assets, an investment company that is registered with the SEC as a diversified fund: (1) may not invest more than 5% of its total assets in the securities of any one issuer (except obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities and securities of other investment companies); and (2) may not own more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer. |
Dividend Capture Trading |
In a dividend capture trade, the Fund sells a stock that has gone ex-dividend to purchase another stock paying a dividend before the next dividend of the stock being sold. The use of a dividend capture trading strategy exposes the Fund to higher portfolio turnover, increased trading costs and potential for capital loss or gain, particularly in the event of significant short-term price movements of stocks subject to dividend capture trading. |
Duration |
Duration measures the time-weighted expected cash flows of a fixed-income security, which can determine its sensitivity to changes in the general level of interest rates. Securities with longer durations generally tend to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than securities with shorter durations. A mutual fund with a longer dollar-weighted average duration generally can be expected to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than a fund with a shorter dollar-weighted average duration. Duration differs from maturity in that it considers a securitys coupon payments in addition to the amount of time until the security matures. Various techniques may be used to shorten or lengthen Fund duration. As the value of a security changes over time, so will its duration. The duration of a Fund that invests in multiple Portfolios is the sum of its allocable share of the duration of each of the Portfolios in which it invests, which is determined by multiplying the Portfolios duration by the Funds percentage ownership of that Portfolio. |
Emerging Market Investments |
The risks described under Foreign Investments herein generally are heightened in connection with investments in emerging markets. Also, investments in securities of issuers domiciled in countries with emerging capital markets may involve certain additional risks that do not generally apply to investments in securities of issuers in more developed capital markets, such as (i) low or non-existent trading volume, resulting in a lack of liquidity and increased volatility in prices for such securities, as compared to securities of comparable issuers in more developed capital markets; (ii) uncertain national policies and social, political and economic instability, increasing the potential for expropriation of assets, confiscatory taxation, high rates of inflation or unfavorable diplomatic developments; (iii) possible fluctuations in exchange rates, differing legal systems and the existence or possible imposition of exchange controls, custodial restrictions or other foreign or U.S. governmental laws or restrictions applicable to such investments; (iv) national policies that may limit investment opportunities, such as restrictions on investment in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to national interests; and (v) the lack or relatively early development of legal structures governing private and foreign investments and private property. Trading practices in emerging markets also may be less developed, resulting in inefficiencies relative to trading in more developed markets, which may result in increased transaction costs. |
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Repatriation of investment income, capital and proceeds of sales by foreign investors may require governmental registration and/or approval in emerging market countries. There can be no assurance that repatriation of income, gain or initial capital from these countries will occur. In addition to withholding taxes on investment income, some countries with emerging markets may impose differential capital gains taxes on foreign investors. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
47
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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Political and economic structures in emerging market countries may undergo significant evolution and rapid development, and these countries may lack the social, political and economic stability characteristic of more developed countries. In such a dynamic environment, there can be no assurance that any or all of these capital markets will continue to present viable investment opportunities. In the past, governments of such nations have expropriated substantial amounts of private property, and most claims of the property owners have never been fully settled. There is no assurance that such expropriations will not reoccur. In such an event, it is possible that the entire value of an investment in the affected market could be lost. In addition, unanticipated political or social developments may affect the value of investments in these countries and the availability of additional investments. The small size and inexperience of the securities markets in certain of these countries and the limited volume of trading in securities in these countries may make investments in the countries illiquid and more volatile than investments in developed markets. |
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Also, there may be less publicly available information about issuers in emerging markets than would be available about issuers in more developed capital markets, and such issuers may not be subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and requirements comparable to those to which U.S. companies are subject. In certain countries with emerging capital markets, reporting standards vary widely. As a result, traditional investment measurements used in the United States, such as price/earnings ratios, may not be applicable. Certain emerging market securities may be held by a limited number of persons. This may adversely affect the timing and pricing of the acquisition or disposal of securities. The prices at which investments may be acquired may be affected by trading by persons with material non-public information and by securities transactions by brokers in anticipation of transactions in particular securities. |
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Practices in relation to settlement of securities transactions in emerging markets involve higher risks than those in developed markets, in part because brokers and counterparties in such markets may be less well capitalized, and custody and registration of assets in some countries may be unreliable. The possibility of fraud, negligence, undue influence being exerted by the issuer or refusal to recognize ownership exists in some emerging markets. As an alternative to investing directly in emerging markets, exposure may be obtained through derivative investments. |
Equity Investments |
Equity investments include common and preferred stocks (see Preferred Securities); depositary receipts; equity interests in trusts, partnerships, joint ventures and other unincorporated entities or enterprises; convertible preferred securities and other convertible debt instruments; and rights and warrants. |
Equity Linked Securities |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Equity linked securities are privately issued securities whose investment results are designed to correspond generally to the performance of a specified stock index or basket of securities, or sometimes a single stock. These securities are used for many of the same purposes as derivative instruments and share many of the same risks. Equity linked securities may be considered illiquid and thus subject to the Funds restrictions on investments in illiquid securities. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
48
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Events Regarding FNMA and FHLMC |
The value of FNMA and FHLMC securities fell sharply in 2008 due to concerns that these agencies did not have sufficient capital to offset losses. In mid-2008, the U.S. Treasury Department was authorized to increase the size of home loans that FNMA and FHLMC could purchase in certain residential areas and, until 2009, to lend FNMA and FHLMC emergency funds and to purchase the companies stock. In September 2008, the U.S. Treasury Department announced that FNMA and FHLMC had been placed in conservatorship by the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA), a newly created independent regulator. In connection with the conservatorship, the U.S. Treasury Department entered into Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreements (PSPAs) under which, if the FHFA determines that the liabilities of FNMA and FHLMC have exceeded their assets under generally accepted accounting principles, the U.S. Treasury Department will contribute cash capital to the company in an amount equal to the difference between liabilities and assets. The PSPAs are designed to provide protection to the senior and subordinated debt and the MBS issued by FNMA and FHLMC. On February 18, 2009, the U.S. Treasury Department announced that it was doubling the size of its commitment to each of FNMA and FHLMC under the Senior Preferred Stock Program to $200 billion. The U.S. Treasury Departments obligations under the Senior Preferred Stock Program are for an indefinite period of time for a maximum amount of $200 billion per entity. FNMA and FHLMC are continuing to operate as going concerns while in conservatorship, and each remains liable for all of its obligations, including its guaranty obligations, associated with its mortgage-backed securities. The Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement is intended to enhance each of FNMA and FHLMCs ability to meet its obligations. FHFA has indicated that the conservatorship of each entity will end when the director of FHFA determines that FHFAs plan to restore the entity to a safe and solvent condition has been completed. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Treasury Department initiatives discussed above with respect to the debt and mortgage-backed securities issued by FNMA and FHLMC will be successful. |
Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) |
ETFs are pooled investment vehicles that are designed to provide investment results corresponding to an index. These indexes may be either broad-based, sector or international. ETFs usually are units of beneficial interest in an investment trust or represent undivided ownership interests in a portfolio of securities (or commodities), in each case with respect to a portfolio of all or substantially all of the component securities of, and in substantially the same weighting as, the relevant benchmark index. ETFs are designed to provide investment results that generally correspond to the price and yield performance of the component securities (or commodities) of the benchmark index. ETFs are listed on an exchange and trade in the secondary market on a per-share basis. The values of ETFs are subject to change as the values of their respective component securities (or commodities) fluctuate according to market volatility. Investments in ETFs may not exactly match the performance of a direct investment in the respective indices to which they are intended to correspond due to the temporary unavailability of certain index securities in the secondary market or other extraordinary circumstances, such as discrepancies with respect to the weighting of securities. Typically, the ETF bears its own operational expenses, which are deducted from its assets. To the extent that the Fund invests in ETFs, the Fund must bear these expenses in addition to the expenses of its own operation. |
Exchange-Traded Notes (ETNs) |
ETNs are senior, unsecured, unsubordinated debt securities whose returns are linked to the performance of a particular market benchmark or strategy minus applicable fees. ETNs are traded on an exchange during normal trading hours. However, investors can also hold the ETN until maturity. At maturity, the issuer pays to the investor a cash amount equal to the principal amount, subject to the days market benchmark or strategy factor. |
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ETNs do not make periodic coupon payments or provide principal protection. ETNs are subject to credit risk and the value of the ETN may drop due to a downgrade in the issuers credit rating, despite the underlying market benchmark or strategy remaining unchanged. The value of an ETN may also be influenced by time to maturity, level of supply and demand for the ETN, volatility and lack of liquidity in underlying assets, changes in the applicable interest rates, changes in the issuers credit rating, and economic, legal, political, or geographic events that affect the referenced underlying asset. When the Fund invests in ETNs it will bear its proportionate share of any fees and expenses borne by the ETN. The Funds decision to sell its ETN holdings may be limited by the availability of a secondary market. In addition, although an ETN may be listed on an exchange, the issuer may not be required to maintain the listing and there can be no assurance that a secondary market will exist for an ETN. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
49
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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ETNs are subject to tax risk. No assurance can be given that the IRS will accept, or a court will uphold, how the Fund characterizes and treats ETNs for tax purposes. Further, the IRS and Congress are considering proposals that would change the timing and character of income and gains from ETNs. |
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An ETN that is tied to a specific market benchmark or strategy may not be able to replicate and maintain exactly the composition and relative weighting of securities, commodities or other components in the applicable market benchmark or strategy. Some ETNs that use leverage can, at times, be relatively illiquid and, thus, they may be difficult to purchase or sell at a fair price. Leveraged ETNs are subject to the same risk as other instruments that use leverage in any form. |
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The market value of ETN shares may differ from that of their market benchmark or strategy. This difference in price may be due to the fact that the supply and demand in the market for ETN shares at any point in time is not always identical to the supply and demand in the market for the securities, commodities or other components underlying the market benchmark or strategy that the ETN seeks to track. As a result, there may be times when an ETN share trades at a premium or discount to its market benchmark or strategy. |
Fixed-Income Securities |
Fixed-income securities are used by issuers to borrow money. Fixed-income securities include bonds, preferred, preference and convertible securities, notes, debentures, asset-backed securities (including those backed by mortgages), loan participations and assignments, equipment lease certificates, equipment trust certificates and conditional sales contracts. Generally, issuers of fixed-income securities pay investors periodic interest and repay the amount borrowed either periodically during the life of the security and/or at maturity. Some fixed-income securities, such as zero coupon bonds, do not pay current interest, but are purchased at a discount from their face values, and values accumulate over time to face value at maturity. The market prices of fixed-income securities fluctuate depending on such factors as interest rates, credit quality and maturity. In general, market prices of fixed-income securities decline when interest rates rise and increase when interest rates fall. Fixed-income securities are subject to risk factors such as sensitivity to interest rate and real or perceived changes in economic conditions, payment expectations, liquidity and valuation. Fixed-income securities with longer maturities (for example, over ten years) are more affected by changes in interest rates and provide less price stability than securities with short-term maturities (for example, one to ten years). Fixed-income securities bear the risk of principal and interest default by the issuer, which will be greater with higher yielding, lower grade securities. During an economic downturn, the ability of issuers to service their debt may be impaired. The rating assigned to a fixed-income security by a rating agency does not reflect assessment of the volatility of the securitys market value or of the liquidity of an investment in the securities. Credit ratings are based largely on the issuers historical financial condition and a rating agencys investment analysis at the time of rating, and the rating assigned to any particular security is not necessarily a reflection of the issuers current financial condition. Credit quality can change from time to time, and recently issued credit ratings may not fully reflect the actual risks posed by a particular high yield security. If relevant to the Fund(s) in this SAI, corporate bond ratings are described in an appendix to the SAI (see the table of contents). While typically paying a fixed rate of income, preferred securities may be considered to be equity securities for purposes of the Funds investment restrictions. |
Foreign Currency Transactions |
As measured in U.S. dollars, the value of assets denominated in foreign currencies may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in foreign currency rates and exchange control regulations. Currency exchange rates can also be affected unpredictably by intervention by U.S. or foreign governments or central banks, or the failure to intervene, or by currency controls or political developments in the United States or abroad. Foreign currency exchange transactions may be conducted on a spot ( i.e. , cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign currency exchange market or through entering into derivative currency transactions (see Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts, Option Contracts, Futures Contracts and Swap Agreements Currency Swaps herein). Currency transactions are subject to the risk of a number of complex political and economic factors applicable to the countries issuing the underlying currencies. Furthermore, unlike trading in most other types of instruments, there is no systematic reporting of last sale information with respect to the foreign currencies underlying the derivative currency transactions. As a result, available information may not be complete. In an over-the-counter trading environment, there are no daily price fluctuation limits. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
50
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Foreign Investments |
Investing in securities issued by companies whose principal business activities are outside the United States may involve significant risks not present in domestic investments. For example, because foreign companies may not be subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, practices and requirements and regulatory measures comparable to those applicable to U.S. companies, there may be less publicly available information about a foreign company than about a domestic company. Volume and liquidity in most foreign debt markets is less than in the United States and securities of some foreign companies are less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. companies. There is generally less government supervision and regulation of securities exchanges, broker-dealers and listed companies than in the United States. In addition, with respect to certain foreign countries, there is the possibility of nationalization, expropriation or confiscatory taxation, currency blockage, political or social instability, or diplomatic developments, which could affect investments in those countries. Any of these actions could adversely affect securities prices, impair the Funds ability to purchase or sell foreign securities, or transfer the Funds assets or income back to the United States, or otherwise adversely affect Fund operations. In the event of nationalization, expropriation or confiscation, the Fund could lose its entire investment in that country. |
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Other potential foreign market risks include exchange controls, difficulties in valuing securities, defaults on foreign government securities, and difficulties of enforcing favorable legal judgments in foreign courts. Moreover, individual foreign economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as growth of gross national product, reinvestment of capital, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, and balance of payments position. Certain economies may rely heavily on particular industries or foreign capital and are more vulnerable to diplomatic developments, the imposition of economic sanctions against a particular country or countries, changes in international trading patterns, trade barriers, and other protectionist or retaliatory measures. Foreign securities markets, while growing in volume and sophistication, are generally not as developed as those in the United States. Foreign countries may not have the infrastructure or resources to respond to natural and other disasters that interfere with economic activities, which may adversely affect issuers located in such countries. |
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Settlement and clearance procedures in certain foreign markets differ significantly from those in the United States. Payment for securities before delivery may be required and in some countries delayed settlements are customary, which increases the Funds risk of loss. The Fund generally holds its foreign securities and related cash in foreign banks and securities depositories. Some foreign banks and securities depositories may be recently organized or new to the foreign custody business. In addition, there may be limited or no regulatory oversight over their operations. Also, the laws of certain countries may put limits on the Funds ability to recover its assets if a foreign bank, depository or issuer of a security or any of their agents goes bankrupt. Certain countries may require withholding on dividends paid on portfolio securities and on realized capital gains. |
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In addition, it is often more expensive to buy, sell and hold securities in certain foreign markets than in the United States. Foreign brokerage commissions are generally higher than commissions on securities traded in the United States and may be non-negotiable. The fees paid to foreign banks and securities depositories generally are higher than those charged by U.S. banks and depositories. The increased expense of investing in foreign markets reduces the amount earned on investments and typically results in a higher operating expense ratio for the Fund as compared to investment companies that invest only in the United States. |
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Depositary receipts (including American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) and Global Depositary Receipts GDRs)) are certificates evidencing ownership of shares of a foreign issuer and are alternatives to directly purchasing the underlying foreign securities in their national markets and currencies. However, they continue to be subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities. These risks include the political and economic risks of the underlying issuers country, as well as in the case of depositary receipts traded on foreign markets, exchange risk. Depositary receipts may be sponsored or unsponsored. Unsponsored depositary receipts are established without the participation of the issuer. As a result, available information concerning the issuer of an unsponsored depository receipt may not be as current as for sponsored depositary receipts, and the prices of unsponsored depositary receipts may be more volatile than if such instruments were sponsored by the issuer. Unsponsored depositary receipts may involve higher expenses, may not pass through voting or other shareholder rights and they may be less liquid. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
51
SAI dated May 1, 2014
|
Unless otherwise provided in the Prospectus, in determining the domicile of an issuer, the investment adviser may consider the domicile determination of the Funds benchmark index or a leading provider of global indexes and may take into account such factors as where the companys securities are listed, and where the company is legally organized, maintains principal corporate offices and/or conducts its principal operations. |
Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. A forward foreign currency exchange contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. These contracts may be bought or sold to protect against an adverse change in the relationship between currencies or to increase exposure to a particular foreign currency. Cross-hedging may be done by using forward contracts in one currency (or basket of currencies) to hedge against fluctuations in the value of instruments denominated in a different currency (or the basket of currencies and the underlying currency). Use of a different foreign currency (for hedging or non-hedging purposes) magnifies exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. Forward foreign currency exchange contracts are individually negotiated and privately traded so they are dependent upon the creditworthiness of the counterparty. The precise matching of the forward contract amounts and the value of the instruments denominated in the corresponding currencies will not generally be possible. In addition, it may not be possible to hedge against long-term currency changes. |
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When a currency is difficult to hedge or to hedge against the U.S. dollar, the Fund may enter into a forward contract to sell a currency whose changes in value are generally considered to be linked to such currency. Currency transactions can result in losses if the currency being hedged fluctuates in value to a degree or in a direction that is not anticipated. In addition, there is the risk that the perceived linkage between various currencies may not be present or may not be present during the particular time the hedge is in place. If the Fund purchases a bond denominated in a foreign currency with a higher interest rate than is available on U.S. bonds of a similar maturity, the additional yield on the foreign bond could be substantially reduced or lost if the Fund were to enter into a direct hedge by selling the foreign currency and purchasing the U.S. dollar. |
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Some of the forward foreign currency exchange contracts may be classified as non-deliverable forwards (NDFs). NDFs are cash-settled, forward contracts that may be thinly traded. NDFs are commonly quoted for time periods of one month up to two years, and are normally quoted and settled in U.S. dollars, but may be settled in other currencies. They are often used to gain exposure to or hedge exposure to foreign currencies that are not internationally traded. NDFs may also be used to gain or hedge exposure to gold. |
Forward Rate Agreements |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Under a forward rate agreement, the buyer locks in an interest rate at a future settlement date. If the interest rate on the settlement date exceeds the lock rate, the buyer pays the seller the difference between the two rates. If the lock rate exceeds the interest rate on the settlement date, the seller pays the buyer the difference between the two rates. Any such gain received by the Fund would be taxable. These instruments are traded in the OTC market. |
Fund Investing in a Portfolio |
The Board may discontinue the Funds investment in one or more Portfolios if it determines that it is in the best interest of the Fund and its shareholders to do so. In such an event, the Board would consider what action might be taken, including investing Fund assets in another pooled investment entity or retaining an investment adviser to manage Fund assets in accordance with its investment objective(s). The Funds investment performance and expense ratio may be affected if its investment structure is changed or if another Portfolio investor withdraws all or a portion of its investment in the Portfolio. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
52
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Futures Contracts |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Futures contracts are standardized contracts that obligate a purchaser to take delivery, and a seller to make delivery, of a specific amount of the underlying reference instrument at a specified future date at a specified price. These contracts are traded on exchanges, so that, in most cases, either party can close out its position on the exchange for cash, without delivering the underlying asset. Upon purchasing or selling a futures contract, a purchaser or seller is required to deposit collateral (initial margin). Each day thereafter until the futures position is closed, the purchaser or seller will pay additional margin (variation margin) representing any loss experienced as a result of the futures position the prior day or be entitled to a payment representing any profit experienced as a result of the futures position the prior day. A public market exists in futures contracts covering a number of indexes as well as financial instruments and foreign currencies. It is expected that other futures contracts will be developed and traded in the future. In computing daily net asset value, the Fund will mark to market its open futures positions. The Fund is also required to deposit and maintain margin with respect to put and call options on futures contracts written by it. Futures contracts are traded on exchanges or boards of trade that are licensed by the CFTC and must be executed through a futures commission merchant or brokerage firm that is a member of the relevant exchange or board. |
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Although some futures contracts call for making or taking delivery of the underlying reference instrument, generally these obligations are closed out prior to delivery by offsetting purchases or sales of matching futures contracts (same exchange, underlying security or index, and delivery month). Closing a futures contract sale is effected by purchasing a futures contract for the same aggregate amount of the specific type of financial instrument or commodity with the same delivery date. If an offsetting purchase price is less than the original sale price, the Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is more, the Fund realizes a capital loss. Conversely, if an offsetting sale price is more than the original purchase price, the Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is less, the Fund realizes a capital loss. |
Global Natural Resources Companies |
To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may concentrate its investments in global natural resources companies. |
Health Sciences Companies |
To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may concentrate its investments in health sciences companies. |
High Yield Securities |
High yield securities (commonly referred to as junk bonds) are considered to be of below investment grade quality and generally provide greater income potential and/or increased opportunity for capital appreciation than investments in higher quality debt securities but they also typically entail greater potential price volatility and principal and income risk. High yield securities may be subject to higher risk and include certain corporate debt obligations, higher yielding preferred securities and mortgage-related securities, and securities convertible into the foregoing. They are regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the entitys continuing ability to meet principal and interest payments. Also, their yields and market values may fluctuate more than higher rated securities. Fluctuations in value do not affect the cash income from the securities, but are reflected in the Funds net asset value. The greater risks and fluctuations in yield and value occur, in part, because investors generally perceive issuers of lower rated and unrated securities to be less creditworthy. The secondary market on which high yield securities are traded may be less liquid than the market for higher grade securities. |
Hybrid Instruments |
A hybrid instrument is a type of potentially high-risk derivative that combines a traditional stock, bond, or commodity with an option or forward contract. Generally, the principal amount, amount payable upon maturity or redemption, or interest rate of a hybrid is tied (positively or negatively) to the price of some commodity, currency or securities index or another interest rate or some other economic factor (each a benchmark). The interest rate or (unlike most fixed-income securities) the principal amount payable at maturity of a hybrid security may be increased or decreased, depending on changes in the value of the benchmark. An example of a hybrid instrument is a bond issued by an oil company that pays a small base level of interest with additional interest that accrues in correlation to the extent to which oil prices exceed a certain predetermined level. Such a hybrid instrument would be a combination of a bond and a call option on oil. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
53
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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The risks of investing in hybrid instruments reflect a combination of the risks of investing in securities, options, futures and currencies. An investment in a hybrid instrument may entail significant risks that are not associated with a similar investment in a traditional debt instrument that has a fixed principal amount, is denominated in U.S. dollars or bears interest either at a fixed rate or a floating rate determined by reference to a common, nationally published benchmark. The risks of a particular hybrid instrument will depend upon the terms of the instrument, but may include the possibility of significant changes in the benchmark(s) or the prices of the underlying assets to which the instrument is linked. Such risks generally depend upon factors unrelated to the operations or credit quality of the issuer of the hybrid instrument, which may not be foreseen by the purchaser, such as economic and political events, the supply and demand of the underlying assets and interest rate movements. Hybrid instruments may be highly volatile and their use by the Fund may not be successful. Hybrid instruments may also carry liquidity risk since the instruments are often customized to meet the portfolio needs of a particular investor, and therefore, the number of investors that are willing and able to buy such instruments in the secondary market may be smaller than that for more traditional debt securities. |
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Hybrid instruments may bear interest or pay preferred dividends at below market (or even relatively nominal) rates. Alternatively, hybrid instruments may bear interest at above market rates but bear an increased risk of principal loss (or gain). The latter scenario may result if leverage is used to structure the hybrid instrument. Leverage risk occurs when the hybrid instrument is structured so that a given change in a benchmark or underlying asset is multiplied to produce a greater value change in the hybrid instrument, thereby magnifying the risk of loss as well as the potential for gain. |
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Hybrid instruments are potentially more volatile and carry greater market risks than traditional debt instruments. Depending on the structure of the particular hybrid instrument, changes in a benchmark may be magnified by the terms of the hybrid instrument and have an even more dramatic and substantial effect upon the value of the hybrid instrument. Also, the prices of the hybrid instrument and the benchmark or underlying asset may not move in the same direction or at the same time. |
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Hybrids can be used as an efficient means of pursuing a variety of investment goals, including currency hedging, duration management, and increased total return and creating exposure to a particular market or segment of that market. The value of a hybrid or its interest rate may be a multiple of a benchmark and, as a result, may be leveraged and move (up or down) more steeply and rapidly than the benchmark. These benchmarks may be sensitive to economic and political events, such as commodity shortages and currency devaluations, which cannot be readily foreseen by the purchaser of a hybrid. Under certain conditions, the redemption value of a hybrid could be zero. The purchase of hybrids also exposes the Fund to the credit risk of the issuer of the hybrids. These risks may cause significant fluctuations in the net asset value of the Fund. |
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Certain hybrid instruments may provide exposure to the commodities markets. These are derivative securities with one or more commodity-linked components that have payment features similar to commodity futures contracts, commodity options, or similar instruments. Commodity-linked hybrid instruments may be either equity or debt securities, leveraged or unleveraged, and are considered hybrid instruments because they have both security and commodity-like characteristics. A portion of the value of these instruments may be derived from the value of a commodity, futures contract, index or other economic variable. The Fund will invest only in commodity-linked hybrid instruments that qualify under applicable rules of the CFTC for an exemption from the provisions of the CEA. Certain issuers of structured products such as hybrid instruments may be deemed to be investment companies as defined in the 1940 Act. As a result, the Funds investments in these products may be subject to limits applicable to investments in investment companies and may be subject to restrictions contained in the 1940 Act. |
Illiquid Securities |
Illiquid securities include securities legally restricted as to resale, and may include commercial paper issued pursuant to Section 4(2) of the 1933 Act and securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A thereunder. Section 4(2) and Rule 144A securities may, however, be treated as liquid by the investment adviser pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board, which require consideration of factors such as trading activity, availability of market quotations and number of dealers willing to purchase the security. Even if determined to be liquid, Rule 144A securities may increase the level of portfolio illiquidity if eligible buyers become uninterested in purchasing such securities. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
54
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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It may be difficult to sell illiquid securities at a price representing fair value until such time as the securities may be sold publicly. It also may be more difficult to determine the fair value of such securities for purposes of computing the Funds net asset value. Where registration is required, a considerable period of time may elapse between a decision to sell the securities and the time when the Fund would be permitted to sell. Thus, the Fund may not be able to obtain as favorable a price as that prevailing at the time of the decision to sell. The Fund may incur additional expense when disposing of illiquid securities, including all or a portion of the cost to register the securities. The Fund also may acquire securities through private placements under which it may agree to contractual restrictions on the resale of such securities that are in addition to applicable legal restrictions. Such restrictions might prevent the sale of such securities at a time when such sale would otherwise be desirable. |
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At times, a portion of the Funds assets may be invested in securities as to which the Fund, by itself or together with other accounts managed by the investment adviser and its affiliates, holds a major portion or all of such securities. Under adverse market or economic conditions or in the event of adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer, the Fund could find it more difficult to sell such securities when the investment adviser believes it advisable to do so or may be able to sell such securities only at prices lower than if such securities were more widely held. It may also be more difficult to determine the fair value of such securities for purposes of computing the Funds net asset value. |
Indexed Securities |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Indexed securities are securities that fluctuate in value with an index. The interest rate or, in some cases, the principal payable at the maturity of an indexed security may change positively or inversely in relation to one or more interest rates, financial indices, securities prices or other financial indicators (reference prices). An indexed security may be leveraged to the extent that the magnitude of any change in the interest rate or principal payable on an indexed security is a multiple of the change in the reference price. Thus, indexed securities may decline in value due to adverse market changes in reference prices. Because indexed securities derive their value from another instrument, security or index, they are considered derivative debt securities, and are subject to different combinations of prepayment, extension, interest rate and/or other market risks. Indexed securities may include interest only (IO) and principal only (PO) securities, floating rate securities linked to the Cost of Funds Index (COFI floaters), other lagging rate floating securities, floating rate securities that are subject to a maximum interest rate (capped floaters), leveraged floating rate securities (super floaters), leveraged inverse floating rate securities (inverse floaters), dual index floaters, range floaters, index amortizing notes and various currency indexed notes. Indexed securities may be issued by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities or, if privately issued, collateralized by mortgages that are insured, guaranteed or otherwise backed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities. |
Inflation-Indexed (or Inflation-Linked) Bonds |
Inflation-indexed bonds are fixed-income securities the principal value of which is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation. Inflation-indexed bonds are issued by governments, their agencies or instrumentalities and corporations. Two structures are common: The U.S. Treasury and some other issuers use a structure that accrues inflation into the principal value of the bond. Most other issuers pay out the inflation accruals as part of a semiannual coupon. The principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond is adjusted in response to changes in the level of inflation. Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed in the case of U.S. Treasury inflation-indexed bonds, and therefore, the principal amount of such bonds cannot be reduced below par even during a period of deflation. However, the current market value of these bonds is not guaranteed and will fluctuate, reflecting the risk of changes in their yields. In certain jurisdictions outside the United States, the repayment of the original bond principal upon the maturity of an inflation-indexed bond is not guaranteed, allowing for the amount of the bond repaid at maturity to be less than par. The interest rate for inflation-indexed bonds is fixed at issuance as a percentage of this adjustable principal. Accordingly, the actual interest income may both rise and fall as the principal amount of the bonds adjusts in response to movements in the Consumer Price Index. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
55
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
56
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Loan Facility |
Senior Debt Portfolio may employ borrowings and leverage as described in the Prospectus. The Portfolio has entered into a commercial paper program and liquidity facility subject to the terms of an Order of the SEC (Release No. 26320) granting an exemption from Section 18(f)(1) of the 1940 Act. The program, administered by Citicorp North America, Inc., is with certain conduit lenders who issue commercial paper, in an amount up to $640 million through which the Portfolio employs leverage pursuant to its investment guidelines and subject to the risks described in the Prospectus. Under the terms of the program, the Portfolio pays an annual fee equal to 0.65% on its outstanding borrowings for the administration of the program and an annual fee of either 0.35% or 0.45% on the total commitment amount depending on the amount of outstanding borrowings, as well as interest on advances under the program. |
Loans |
Loans may be primary, direct investments or investments in loan assignments or participation interests. A loan assignment represents a portion or the entirety of a loan and a portion of the entirety of a position previously attributable to a different lender. The purchaser of an assignment typically succeeds to all the rights and obligations under the loan agreement and has the same rights and obligations as the assigning investor. However, assignments through private negotiations may cause the purchaser of an assignment to have different and more limited rights than those held by the assigning investor. Loan participation interests are interests issued by a lender or other entity and represent a fractional interest in a loan. The Fund typically will have a contractual relationship only with the financial institution that issued the participation interest. As a result, the Fund may have the right to receive payments of principal, interest and any fees to which it is entitled only from the financial institution and only upon receipt by such entity of such payments from the borrower. In connection with purchasing a participation interest, the Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the borrower with the terms of the loan agreement, nor any rights with respect to any funds acquired by other investors through set-off against the borrower and the Fund may not directly benefit from the collateral supporting the loan in which it has purchased the participation interest. As a result, the Fund may assume the credit risk of both the borrower and the financial institution issuing the participation interest. In the event of the insolvency of the entity issuing a participation interest, the Fund may be treated as a general creditor of such entity. |
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Loans may be originated by a lending agent, such as a financial institution or other entity, on behalf of a group or syndicate of loan investors (the Loan Investors). In such a case, the agent administers the terms of the loan agreement and is responsible for the collection of principal, and interest payments from the borrower and the apportionment of these payments to the Loan Investors. Failure by the agent to fulfill its obligations may delay or adversely affect receipt of payment by the Fund. Furthermore, unless under the terms of a loan agreement or participation (as applicable) the Fund has direct recourse against the borrower, the Fund must rely on the Agent and the other Loan Investors to pursue appropriate remedies against the borrower. |
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Loan investments may be made at par or at a discount or premium to par. The interest payable on a loan may be fixed or floating rate, and paid in cash or in-kind. In connection with transactions in loans, the Fund may be subject to facility or other fees. Loans may be secured by specific collateral or other assets of the borrower, guaranteed by a third party, unsecured or subordinated. During the term of a loan, the value of any collateral securing the loan may decline in value, causing the loan to be under collateralized. Collateral may consist of assets that may not be readily liquidated, and there is no assurance that the liquidation of such assets would satisfy fully a borrowers obligations under the loan. In addition, if a loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become part owner of the collateral and would bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of such collateral. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
57
SAI dated May 1, 2014
|
A lenders repayment and other rights primarily are determined by governing loan, assignment or participation documents, which (among other things) typically establish the priority of payment on the loan relative to other indebtedness and obligations of the borrower. In the event of bankruptcy, applicable law may impact a lenders ability to enforce its rights under such documents. Investing in loans involves the risk of default by the borrower or other party obligated to repay the loan. In the event of insolvency of the borrower or other obligated party, the Fund may be treated as a general creditor of such entity unless it has rights that are senior to that of other creditors or secured by specific collateral or assets of the borrower. Fixed-rate loans are also subject to the risk that their value will decline in a rising interest rate environment. This risk is mitigated for floating-rate loans, where the interest rate payable on the loan resets periodically by reference to a base lending rate. The base lending rate usually is the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), the Federal Reserve federal funds rate, the prime rate or other base lending rates used by commercial lenders. LIBOR usually is an average of the interest rates quoted by several designated banks as the rates at which they pay interest to major depositors in the London interbank market on U.S. dollar-denominated deposits. |
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The Fund will take whatever action it considers appropriate in the event of anticipated financial difficulties, default or bankruptcy of the borrower or other entity obligated to repay a loan. Such action may include: (i) retaining the services of various persons or firms (including affiliates of the investment adviser) to evaluate or protect any collateral or other assets securing the loan or acquired as a result of any such event; (ii) managing (or engaging other persons to manage) or otherwise dealing with any collateral or other assets so acquired; and (iii) taking such other actions (including, but not limited to, payment of operating or similar expenses relating to the collateral) as the investment adviser may deem appropriate to reduce the likelihood or severity of loss on the Funds investment and/or maximize the return on such investment. The Fund will incur additional expenditures in taking protective action with respect to loans in (or anticipated to be in) default and assets securing such loans. In certain circumstances, the Fund may receive equity or equity-like securities from a borrower to settle the loan or may acquire an equity interest in the borrower. Representatives of the Fund also may join creditor or similar committees relating to loans. |
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Lenders can be sued by other creditors and the debtor and its shareholders. Losses could be greater than the original loan amount and occur years after the loans recovery. If a borrower becomes involved in bankruptcy proceedings, a court may invalidate the Funds security interest in any loan collateral or subordinate the Funds rights under the loan agreement to the interests of the borrowers unsecured creditors or cause interest previously paid to be refunded to the borrower. There are also other events, such as the failure to perfect a security interest due to faulty documentation or faulty official filings, which could lead to the invalidation of the Funds security interest in loan collateral. If any of these events occur, the Funds performance could be negatively affected. |
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Interests in loans generally are not listed on any national securities exchange or automated quotation system and no active market may exist for many loans, making them illiquid. As described below, a secondary market exists for many Senior Loans, but it may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods. |
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From time to time the investment adviser and its affiliates may borrow money from various banks in connection with their business activities. Such banks may also sell interests in loans to or acquire them from the Fund or may be intermediate participants with respect to loans in which the Fund owns interests. Such banks may also act as agents for loans held by the Fund. |
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To the extent that legislation or state or federal regulators that regulate certain financial institutions impose additional requirements or restrictions with respect to the ability of such institutions to make loans, particularly in connection with highly leveraged transactions, the availability of loans for investment may be adversely affected. Further, such legislation or regulation could depress the market value of loans. |
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For additional disclosures relating to Junior and Senior Loans, see Junior Loans and Senior Loans herein. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
58
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Master Limited Partnerships (MLPs) |
MLPs are publicly-traded limited partnership interests or units. An MLP that invests in a particular industry (e.g., oil and gas) will be harmed by detrimental economic events within that industry. As partnerships, MLPs may be subject to less regulation (and less protection for investors) under state laws than corporations. In addition, MLPs may be subject to state taxation in certain jurisdictions, which may reduce the amount of income paid by an MLP to its investors. |
Mortgage-Backed Securities (MBS) |
MBS are pass through securities, meaning that a pro rata share of regular interest and principal payments, as well as unscheduled early prepayments, on the underlying mortgage pool is passed through monthly to the holder. MBS may include conventional mortgage pass through securities, participation interests in pools of adjustable and fixed rate mortgage loans, stripped mortgage-backed securities (described herein), floating rate mortgage-backed securities and certain classes of multiple class CMOs. MBS pay principal to the holder over their term, which differs from other forms of debt securities that normally provide for principal payment at maturity or specified call dates. MBS are subject to the general risks associated with investing in real estate securities; that is, they may lose value if the value of the underlying real estate to which a pool of mortgages relates declines. In addition, investments in MBS involve certain specific risks, including the failure of a party to meet its commitments under the related operative documents, adverse interest rate changes and the effects of prepayments on mortgage cash flows. Certain MBS may be purchased on a when-issued basis subject to certain limitations and requirements. |
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There are currently three types of MBS: (1) those issued by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities, such as the Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA), the Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC); (2) those issued by private issuers that represent an interest in or are collateralized by pass through securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities; and (3) those issued by private issuers that represent an interest in or are collateralized by whole mortgage loans or pass through securities without a government guarantee but that usually have some form of private credit enhancement. Privately issued MBS are structured similar to GNMA, FNMA and FHLMC MBS, and are issued by originators or and investors in mortgage loans, including depositary institutions mortgage banks and special purpose subsidiaries of the foregoing. |
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GNMA Certificates and FNMA Mortgage-Backed Certificates are MBS representing part ownership of a pool of mortgage loans. GNMA loans (issued by lenders such as mortgage bankers, commercial banks and savings and loan associations) are either insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the Veterans Administration. A pool of such mortgages is assembled and, after being approved by GNMA, is offered to investors through securities dealers. Once such pool is approved by GNMA, the timely payment of interest and principal on the Certificates issued representing such pool is guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. GNMA is a wholly owned U.S. Government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development. FNMA, a federally chartered corporation owned entirely by private stockholders, purchases both conventional and federally insured or guaranteed residential mortgages from various entities, including savings and loan associations, savings banks, commercial banks, credit unions and mortgage bankers, and packages pools of such mortgages in the form of pass-through securities generally called FNMA Mortgage-Backed Certificates, which are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by FNMA but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government; however, they are supported by the right of FNMA to borrow from the U.S. Treasury Department. |
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FHLMC, a corporate instrumentality of the U.S. Government created by Congress for the purposes of increasing the availability of mortgage credit for residential housing, issues participation certificates (PCs) representing undivided interest in FHLMCS mortgage portfolio. While FHLMC guarantees the timely payment of interest and ultimate collection of the principal of its PCs, its PCs are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. FHLMC PCs differ from GNMA Certificates in that the mortgages underlying the PCs are monthly conventional mortgages rather than mortgages insured or guaranteed by a federal agency or instrumentality. However, in several other respects, such as the monthly pass-through of interest and principal (including unscheduled prepayments) and the unpredictability of future unscheduled prepayments on the underlying mortgage pools, FHLMC PCs are similar to GNMA Certificates. See also Events Regarding FNMA and FHLMC herein. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
59
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
60
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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MLOs and participations therein represent a type of financing that may not have the depth of marketability associated with more conventional securities and, as such, they may be less liquid than conventional securities. Certain MLOs may be deemed illiquid for the purpose of the Funds limitation on investments in illiquid securities, unless determined by the investment adviser, pursuant to guidelines adopted by the Board, to be liquid securities. The investment adviser will consider an MLO to be liquid if it is rated investment grade (being an MLO rated BBB or Baa or higher) by a nationally recognized statistical ratings organization or is insured by an insurer rated investment grade. If an MLO or participation does not meet the foregoing criteria, then the investment adviser will consider the MLO to be illiquid unless it conducts an analysis of relevant factors and concludes that the MLO is liquid. In conducting such an analysis, the investment adviser will consider the factors it believes are relevant to the marketability of the obligation, to the extent that information regarding such factor is available to the investment adviser and pertinent to the liquidity determination, which may include: (1) the willingness of dealers to bid for the obligation; (2) the number of dealers willing to purchase or sell the obligation and the number of other potential buyers; (3) the frequency of trades and quotes for the obligation; (4) the nature of the marketplace trades, including the time needed to dispose of the obligation, the method of soliciting offers, and the mechanics of transfer; (5) the willingness of the governmental issuer to continue to appropriate funds for the payment of the obligation; (6) how likely or remote an event of non-appropriation may be, which depends in varying degrees on a variety of factors, including those relating to the general creditworthiness of the governmental issuer, its dependence on its continuing access to the credit markets, and the importance to the issuer of the equipment, property or facility covered by the lease or contract; (7) an assessment of the likelihood that the lease may or may not be cancelled; and (8) other factors and information unique to the obligation in determining its liquidity. |
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The ability of issuers of MLOs to make timely lease payments may be adversely impacted in general economic downturns and as relative governmental cost burdens are allocated and reallocated among federal, state and local governmental units. Such non-payment would result in a reduction of income from and value of the obligation. Issuers of MLOs might seek protection under the bankruptcy laws. In the event of bankruptcy of such an issuer, holders of MLOs could experience delays and limitations with respect to the collection of principal and interest on such MLOs and may not, in all circumstances, be able to collect all principal and interest to which it is entitled. To enforce its rights in the event of a default in lease payments, the Fund might take possession of and manage the assets securing the issuers obligations on such securities or otherwise incur costs to protect its rights, which may increase the Funds operating expenses and adversely affect the net asset value of the Fund. When the lease contains a non-appropriation clause, however, the failure to pay would not be a default and the Fund would not have the right to take possession of the assets. Any income derived from the Funds ownership or operation of such assets may not be tax-exempt. |
Municipal Obligations |
Municipal obligations include debt obligations issued to obtain funds for various public purposes, including the construction of a wide range of public facilities, refunding of outstanding obligations and obtaining funds for general operating expenses and loans to other public institutions and facilities. Certain types of bonds are issued by or on behalf of public authorities to finance various privately owned or operated facilities, including certain facilities for the local furnishing of electric energy or gas, sewage facilities, solid waste disposal facilities and other specialized facilities. Municipal obligations include bonds as well as tax-exempt commercial paper, project notes and municipal notes such as tax, revenue and bond anticipation notes of short maturity, generally less than three years. While most municipal bonds pay a fixed rate of interest semiannually in cash, there are exceptions. Some bonds pay no periodic cash interest, but rather make a single payment at maturity representing both principal and interest. Some bonds may pay interest at a variable or floating rate. Bonds may be issued or subsequently offered with interest coupons materially greater or less than those then prevailing, with price adjustments reflecting such deviation. Municipal obligations also include trust certificates representing interests in municipal securities held by a trustee. The trust certificates may evidence ownership of future interest payments, principal payments or both on the underlying securities. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
61
SAI dated May 1, 2014
|
In general, there are three categories of municipal obligations, the interest on which is exempt from federal income tax and is not a tax preference item for purposes of the alternative minimum tax (AMT): (i) certain public purpose obligations (whenever issued), which include obligations issued directly by state and local governments or their agencies to fulfill essential governmental functions; (ii) certain obligations issued before August 8, 1986 for the benefit of non-governmental persons or entities; and (iii) certain private activity bonds issued after August 7, 1986, which include qualified Section 501(c)(3) bonds or refundings of certain obligations included in the second category. Opinions relating to the validity of municipal bonds, exclusion of municipal bond interest from an investors gross income for federal income tax purposes and, where applicable, state and local income tax, are rendered by bond counsel to the issuing authorities at the time of issuance. |
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Interest on certain private activity bonds issued after August 7, 1986 is exempt from regular federal income tax, but such interest (including a distribution by the Fund derived from such interest) is treated as a tax preference item that could subject the recipient to or increase the recipients liability for the AMT. For corporate shareholders, the Funds distributions derived from interest on all municipal obligations (whenever issued) are included in adjusted current earnings for purposes of the AMT as applied to corporations (to the extent not already included in alternative minimum taxable income as income attributable to private activity bonds). |
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The two principal classifications of municipal bonds are general obligation and revenue bonds. Issuers of general obligation bonds include states, counties, cities, towns and regional districts. The proceeds of these obligations are used to fund a wide range of public projects, including the construction or improvement of schools, highways and roads, water and sewer systems and a variety of other public purposes. The basic security of general obligation bonds is the issuers pledge of its faith, credit, and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest. The taxes that can be levied for the payment of debt service may be limited or unlimited as to rate and amount. |
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Typically, the only security for a limited obligation or revenue bond is the net revenue derived from a particular facility or class of facilities financed thereby or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a special tax or other special revenues. Revenue bonds have been issued to fund a wide variety of revenue-producing public capital projects including: electric, gas, water and sewer systems; highways, bridges and tunnels; port and airport facilities; colleges and universities; hospitals; and convention, recreational, tribal gaming and housing facilities. Although the security behind these bonds varies widely, many lower rated bonds provide additional security in the form of a debt service reserve fund that may also be used to make principal and interest payments on the issuer's obligations. In addition, some revenue obligations (as well as general obligations) are insured by a bond insurance company or backed by a letter of credit issued by a banking institution. Revenue bonds also include, for example, pollution control, health care and housing bonds, which, although nominally issued by municipal authorities, are generally not secured by the taxing power of the municipality but by the revenues of the authority derived from payments by the private entity that owns or operates the facility financed with the proceeds of the bonds. Obligations of housing finance authorities have a wide range of security features, including reserve funds and insured or subsidized mortgages, as well as the net revenues from housing or other public projects. Many of these bonds do not generally constitute the pledge of the credit of the issuer of such bonds. The credit quality of such revenue bonds is usually directly related to the credit standing of the user of the facility being financed or of an institution which provides a guarantee, letter of credit or other credit enhancement for the bond issue. The Fund may on occasion acquire revenue bonds that carry warrants or similar rights covering equity securities. Such warrants or rights may be held indefinitely, but if exercised, the Fund anticipates that it would, under normal circumstances, dispose of any equity securities so acquired within a reasonable period of time. Investing in revenue bonds may involve (without limitation) the following risks. |
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Hospital bond ratings are often based on feasibility studies that contain projections of expenses, revenues and occupancy levels. A hospitals income available to service its debt may be influenced by demand for hospital services, management capabilities, the service area economy, efforts by insurers and government agencies to limit rates and expenses, competition, availability and expense of malpractice insurance, and Medicaid and Medicare funding. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
62
SAI dated May 1, 2014
|
Education-related bonds are comprised of two types: (i) those issued to finance projects for public and private colleges and universities, charter schools and private schools, and (ii) those representing pooled interests in student loans. Bonds issued to supply educational institutions with funding are subject to many risks, including the risks of unanticipated revenue decline, primarily the result of decreasing student enrollment, decreasing state and federal funding, or changes in general economic conditions. Additionally, higher than anticipated costs associated with salaries, utilities, insurance or other general expenses could impair the ability of a borrower to make annual debt service payments. Student loan revenue bonds are generally offered by state (or sub-state) authorities or commissions and are backed by pools of student loans. Underlying student loans may be guaranteed by state guarantee agencies and may be subject to reimbursement by the United States Department of Education through its guaranteed student loan program. Others may be private, uninsured loans made to parents or students that may be supported by reserves or other forms of credit enhancement. Cash flows supporting student loan revenue bonds are impacted by numerous factors, including the rate of student loan defaults, seasoning of the loan portfolio, and student repayment deferral periods of forbearance. Other risks associated with student loan revenue bonds include potential changes in federal legislation regarding student loan revenue bonds, state guarantee agency reimbursement and continued federal interest and other program subsidies currently in effect. |
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Transportation debt may be issued to finance the construction of airports, toll roads, highways, or other transit facilities. Airport bonds are dependent on the economic conditions of the airports service area and may be affected by the business strategies and fortunes of specific airlines. They may also be subject to competition from other airports and modes of transportation. Air traffic generally follows broader economic trends and is also affected by the price and availability of fuel. Toll road bonds are also affected by the cost and availability of fuel as well as toll levels, the presence of competing roads and the general economic health of an area. Fuel costs, transportation taxes and fees, and availability of fuel also affect other transportation-related securities, as do the presence of alternate forms of transportation, such as public transportation. |
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Industrial development bonds are normally secured only by the revenues from the project and not by state or local government tax payments, they are subject to a wide variety of risks, many of which relate to the nature of the specific project. Generally, IDBs are sensitive to the risk of a slowdown in the economy. Electric utilities face problems in financing large construction programs in an inflationary period, cost increases and delay occasioned by safety and environmental considerations (particularly with respect to nuclear facilities), difficulty in obtaining fuel at reasonable prices, and in achieving timely and adequate rate relief from regulatory commissions, effects of energy conservation and limitations on the capacity of the capital market to absorb utility debt. Water and sewer revenue bonds are generally secured by the fees charged to each user of the service. The issuers of water and sewer revenue bonds generally enjoy a monopoly status and latitude in their ability to raise rates. However, lack of water supply due to insufficient rain, run-off, or snow pack can be a concern and has led to past defaults. Further, public resistance to rate increases, declining numbers of customers in a particular locale, costly environmental litigation, and federal environmental mandates are challenges faced by issuers of water and sewer bonds. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
63
SAI dated May 1, 2014
|
The obligations of any person or entity to pay the principal of and interest on a municipal obligation are subject to the provisions of bankruptcy, insolvency and other laws affecting the rights and remedies of creditors, such as the Federal Bankruptcy Act, and laws, if any, that may be enacted by Congress or state legislatures extending the time for payment of principal or interest, or both, or imposing other constraints upon enforcement of such obligations. Certain bond structures may be subject to the risk that a taxing authority may issue an adverse ruling regarding tax-exempt status. There is also the possibility that as a result of adverse economic conditions (including unforeseen financial events, natural disasters and other conditions that may affect an issuers ability to pay its obligations), litigation or other conditions, the power or ability of any person or entity to pay when due principal of and interest on a municipal obligation may be materially affected or interest and principal previously paid may be required to be refunded. There have been instances of defaults and bankruptcies involving municipal obligations that were not foreseen by the financial and investment communities. The Fund will take whatever action it considers appropriate in the event of anticipated financial difficulties, default or bankruptcy of either the issuer of any municipal obligation or of the underlying source of funds for debt service. Such action may include: (i) retaining the services of various persons or firms (including affiliates of the investment adviser) to evaluate or protect any real estate, facilities or other assets securing any such obligation or acquired by the Fund as a result of any such event; (ii) managing (or engaging other persons to manage) or otherwise dealing with any real estate, facilities or other assets so acquired; and (iii) taking such other actions as the adviser (including, but not limited to, payment of operating or similar expenses of the underlying project) may deem appropriate to reduce the likelihood or severity of loss on the funds investment. The Fund will incur additional expenditures in taking protective action with respect to portfolio obligations in (or anticipated to be in) default and assets securing such obligations. |
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Historically, municipal bankruptcies have been rare and certain provisions of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code governing such bankruptcy are unclear. Further, the application of state law to municipal obligation issuers could produce varying results among the states or among municipal obligation issuers within a state. These uncertainties could have a significant impact on the prices of the municipal obligations in which the Fund invests. There could be economic, business or political developments or court decisions that adversely affect all municipal obligations in the same sector. Developments such as changes in healthcare regulations, environmental considerations related to construction, construction cost increases and labor problems, failure of healthcare facilities to maintain adequate occupancy levels, and inflation can affect municipal obligations in the same sector. As the similarity in issuers of municipal obligations held by the Fund increases, the potential for fluctuations in the Funds share price also may increase. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
64
SAI dated May 1, 2014
|
The secondary market for some municipal obligations issued within a state (including issues that are privately placed with the Fund) is less liquid than that for taxable debt obligations or other more widely traded municipal obligations. No established resale market exists for certain of the municipal obligations in which the Fund may invest. The market for obligations rated below investment grade is also likely to be less liquid than the market for higher rated obligations. As a result, the Fund may be unable to dispose of these municipal obligations at times when it would otherwise wish to do so at the prices at which they are valued. Municipal obligations that are rated below investment grade but that, subsequent to the assignment of such rating, are backed by escrow accounts containing U.S. Government obligations may be determined by the investment adviser to be of investment grade quality for purposes of the Funds investment policies. In the case of a defaulted obligation, the Fund may incur additional expense seeking recovery of its investment. Defaulted obligations are denoted in the Portfolio of Investments in the Financial Statements included in the Funds reports to shareholders. The yields on municipal obligations depend on a variety of factors, including purposes of the issue and source of funds for repayment, general money market conditions, general conditions of the municipal bond market, size of a particular offering, maturity of the obligation and rating of the issue. The ratings of Moodys, S&P and Fitch represent their opinions as to the quality of the municipal obligations which they undertake to rate, and in the case of insurers, other factors including the claims-paying ability of such insurer. It should be emphasized, however, that ratings are based on judgment and are not absolute standards of quality. Consequently, municipal obligations with the same maturity, coupon and rating may have different yields while obligations of the same maturity and coupon with different ratings may have the same yield. In addition, the market price of such obligations will normally fluctuate with changes in interest rates, and therefore the net asset value of the Fund will be affected by such changes. |
Option Contracts |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. An option contract is a contract that gives the holder of the option, in return for a premium, the right to buy from (in the case of a call) or sell to (in the case of a put) the writer of the option the reference instrument underlying the option (or the cash value of the index) at a specified exercise price at any time during the term of the option. The writer of an option on a security has the obligation upon exercise of the option to deliver the reference instrument (or the cash) upon payment of the exercise price or to pay the exercise price upon delivery of the reference instrument (or the cash). Upon exercise of an index option, the writer of an option on an index is obligated to pay the difference between the cash value of the index and the exercise price multiplied by the specified multiplier for the index option. Options may be covered, meaning that the party required to deliver the reference instrument if the option is exercised owns that instrument (or has set aside sufficient assets to meet its obligation to deliver the instrument). Options may be listed on an exchange or traded in the OTC market. In general, exchange-traded options have standardized exercise prices and expiration dates and may require the parties to post margin against their obligations, and the performance of the parties' obligations in connection with such options is guaranteed by the exchange or a related clearing corporation. OTC options have more flexible terms negotiated between the buyer and the seller, but generally do not require the parties to post margin and are subject to counterparty risk. OTC options also involve greater liquidity risk. The staff of the SEC takes the position that certain purchased OTC options, and assets used as cover for written OTC options, are illiquid. Derivatives on economic indicators generally are offered in an auction format and are booked and settled as OTC options. Options on futures contracts are discussed herein under Futures Contracts. |
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If a written option expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital gain equal to the premium received at the time the option was written. If a purchased option expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital loss equal to the premium paid. Prior to the earlier of exercise or expiration, an exchange traded option may be closed out by an offsetting purchase or sale of an option of the same series (type, exchange, reference instrument, exercise price, and expiration). A capital gain will be realized from a closing purchase transaction if the cost of the closing option is less than the premium received from writing the option, or, if it is more, a capital loss will be realized. If the premium received from a closing sale transaction is more than the premium paid to purchase the option, the Fund will realize a capital gain or, if it is less, the Fund will realize a capital loss. The principal factors affecting the market value of a put or a call option include supply and demand, the current market price of the reference instrument in relation to the exercise price of the option, the volatility of the reference instrument, and the time remaining until the expiration date. There can be no assurance that a closing purchase or sale transaction can be consummated when desired. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
65
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
66
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Pooled Investment Vehicles |
The Fund may invest in pooled investment vehicles including other open-end or closed-end investment companies affiliated or unaffiliated with the investment adviser, exchange-traded funds (described herein) and other collective investment pools in accordance with the requirements of the 1940 Act. Closed-end investment company securities are usually traded on an exchange. The demand for a closed-end funds securities is independent of the demand for the underlying portfolio assets, and accordingly, such securities can trade at a discount from, or a premium over , their net asset value. The Fund generally will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any management fees paid by a pooled investment vehicle in which it invests in addition to the investment advisory fee paid by the Fund. |
Portfolio Turnover |
A change in the securities held by the Fund is known as portfolio turnover and generally involves expense to the Fund, including brokerage commissions or dealer markups and other transaction costs on both the sale of securities and the reinvestment of the proceeds in other securities. If sales of portfolio securities cause the Fund to realize net short-term capital gains, such gains will be taxable as ordinary income to taxable shareholders. The Funds portfolio turnover rate for a fiscal year is the ratio of the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio securities to the monthly average of the value of portfolio securities − excluding securities whose maturities at acquisition were one year or less. The Fund's portfolio turnover rate is not a limiting factor when the investment adviser considers a change in the Fund's portfolio holdings. The portfolio turnover rate(s) of the Fund for recent fiscal periods is included in the Financial Highlights in the Prospectus. |
Preferred Securities |
Preferred securities represent an equity ownership interest in the issuing corporation that has a higher claim on the assets and earnings than common stock. Preferred securities generally have a dividend that must be paid out before dividends to common stockholders and the shares usually do not have voting rights. Preferred securities involve credit risk, which is the risk that a preferred security will decline in price, or fail to pay dividends when expected, because the issuer experiences a decline in its financial status. Preferred securities may be convertible to common stock in some cases. While a part of an issuers equity structure, preferred securities may be deemed to be fixed-income securities for purposes of the Funds investment restrictions. |
Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) |
Securities of companies in the real estate industry, such as REITs, are sensitive to factors, such as changes in: real estate values, property taxes, interest rates, cash flow of underlying real estate assets, occupancy rates, government regulations affecting zoning, land use, and rents, and the management skill and creditworthiness of the issuer. Companies in the real estate industry may also be subject to liabilities under environmental and hazardous waste laws, among others. Changes in underlying real estate values may have a magnified effect to the extent that REITs concentrate investments in particular geographic regions or property types. Investments in REITs may also be adversely affected by rising interest rates. By investing in REITs, the Fund indirectly will bear REIT expenses in addition to its own expenses. |
Repurchase Agreements |
Repurchase agreements involve the purchase of a security coupled with an agreement to resell at a specified date and price. In the event of the bankruptcy of the counterparty to a repurchase agreement, recovery of cash may be delayed. To the extent that, in the meantime, the value of the purchased securities may have decreased, a loss could result. Repurchase agreements that mature in more than seven days will be treated as illiquid. Unless the Prospectus states otherwise, the terms of a repurchase agreement will provide that the value of the collateral underlying the repurchase agreement will always be at least equal to the repurchase price, including any accrued interest earned on the agreement, and will be marked to market daily. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
67
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Residual Interest Bonds |
The Fund may invest in residual interest bonds in a trust that holds municipal securities. The interest rate payable on a residual interest bond bears an inverse relationship to the interest rate on another security issued by the trust. Because changes in the interest rate on the other security inversely affect the interest paid on the residual interest bond, the value and income of a residual interest bond is generally more volatile than that of a fixed rate bond. Residual interest bonds have interest rate adjustment formulas that generally reduce or, in the extreme, eliminate the interest paid to the Fund when short-term interest rates rise, and increase the interest paid to the Fund when short-term interest rates fall. Residual interest bonds have varying degrees of liquidity, and the market for these securities is relatively volatile. These securities tend to underperform the market for fixed rate bonds in a rising long-term interest rate environment, but tend to outperform the market for fixed rate bonds when long-term interest rates decline. Although volatile, residual interest bonds typically offer the potential for yields exceeding the yields available on fixed rate bonds with comparable credit quality and maturity. These securities usually permit the investor to convert the floating rate to a fixed rate (normally adjusted downward), and this optional conversion feature may provide a partial hedge against rising rates if exercised at an opportune time. While residual interest bonds expose the Fund to leverage risk because they provide two or more dollars of bond market exposure for every dollar invested, they are not subject to the Funds restrictions on borrowings. Under certain circumstances, the Fund may enter into a so-called shortfall and forbearance agreement with the sponsor of a residual interest bond held by the Fund. Such agreements commit the Fund to reimburse the sponsor of such residual interest bond, upon the termination of the trust issuing the residual interest bond, the difference between the liquidation value of the underlying security (which is the basis of the residual interest bond) and the principal amount due to the holders of the floating rate security issued in conjunction with the residual interest bond. Absent a shortfall and forbearance agreement, the Fund would not be required to make such a reimbursement. If the Fund chooses not to enter into such an agreement, the residual interest bond could be terminated and the Fund could incur a loss. The Funds investments in residual interest bonds and similar securities described in the Prospectus and this SAI will not be considered borrowing for purposes of the Funds restrictions on borrowing described herein and in the Prospectus. |
Reverse Repurchase Agreements |
Under a reverse repurchase agreement, the Fund temporarily transfers possession of a portfolio instrument to another party, such as a bank or broker-dealer, in return for cash. At the same time, the Fund agrees to repurchase the instrument at an agreed upon time (normally within seven days) and price, which reflects an interest payment. The Fund may enter into a reverse repurchase agreement for various purposes, including, but not limited to, when it is able to invest the cash acquired at a rate higher than the cost of the agreement or as a means of raising cash to satisfy redemption requests without the necessity of selling portfolio assets. In a reverse repurchase agreement, any fluctuations in the market value of either the securities transferred to another party or the securities in which the proceeds may be invested would affect the market value of the Funds assets. As a result, such transactions may increase fluctuations in the value of the Fund. Because reverse repurchase agreements may be considered to be the practical equivalent of borrowing funds, they constitute a form of leverage. Such agreements will be treated as subject to investment restrictions regarding borrowings. If the Fund reinvests the proceeds of a reverse repurchase agreement at a rate lower than the cost of the agreement, entering into the agreement will lower the Funds yield. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
68
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Rights and Warrants |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. A right is a privilege granted to existing shareholders of a corporation to subscribe for shares of a new issue of common stock before it is issued. Rights normally have a short life, usually two to four weeks, are freely transferable and entitle the holder to buy the new common stock at a lower price than the public offering price. Warrants are securities that are typically issued together with a debt security or preferred stock and that give the holder the right to buy a proportionate amount of common stock at a specified price. Warrants are freely transferable and are often traded on major exchanges. Unlike rights, warrants normally have a life that is measured in years and entitle the holder to buy common stock of a company at a price that is usually higher than the market price at the time the warrant is issued. Corporations often issue warrants to make the accompanying debt security more attractive. Warrants and rights may entail greater risks than certain other types of investments. Generally, rights and warrants do not carry the right to receive dividends or exercise voting rights with respect to the underlying securities, and they do not represent any rights in the assets of the issuer. In addition, their value does not necessarily change with the value of the underlying securities, and they cease to have value if they are not exercised on or before their expiration date. If the market price of the underlying stock does not exceed the exercise price during the life of the warrant or right, the warrant or right will expire worthless. (Canadian special warrants issued in private placements prior to a public offering are not considered warrants.) |
Royalty Bonds |
To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may invest in royalty bonds. |
Securities Lending |
The Fund may lend its portfolio securities to major banks, broker-dealers and other financial institutions in compliance with the 1940 Act. No lending may be made with any companies affiliated with the investment adviser. These loans earn income and are collateralized by cash, securities or letters of credit. The Fund may realize a loss if it is not able to invest cash collateral at rates higher than the costs to enter into the loan. When the loan is closed, the lender is obligated to return the collateral to the borrower. The lender could suffer a loss if the value of the collateral is below the market value of the borrowed securities or if the borrower defaults on the loan. The lender may pay reasonable finders, lending agent, administrative and custodial fees in connection with its loans. The investment adviser may instruct the securities lending agent to terminate loans and recall securities with voting rights so that the securities may be voted in accordance with the Funds proxy voting policy and procedures if deemed appropriate to do so. See Taxes for information on the tax treatment of payments in lieu of dividends received pursuant to securities lending arrangements. |
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Cash collateral received by the Fund in respect of loaned securities is invested in Eaton Vance Cash Collateral Fund, LLC (Cash Collateral Fund), a privately offered investment company holding high quality, U.S. dollar-denominated money market instruments. The investment objective of Cash Collateral Fund is to provide as high a rate of income as may be consistent with preservation of capital and maintenance of liquidity. Although not a registered money market mutual fund, Cash Collateral Fund conducts all of its investment activities in accordance with the requirements of Rule 2a-7 under the 1940 Act. There can be no assurance that Cash Collateral Fund will be able to maintain a stable net asset value and the Fund could experience a loss of its invested collateral. Cash Collateral Fund invests in high quality, U.S. dollar-denominated money market instruments of domestic and foreign issuers, including U.S. Government securities and prime commercial paper. When appropriate, Cash Collateral Fund may also invest in other high-grade, short-term obligations, including certificates of deposit, bankers acceptances and other short-term securities issued by domestic or foreign banks or their subsidiaries or branches. Cash Collateral Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued basis and for future delivery by means of forward commitments. Cash Collateral Fund may enter into repurchase agreements. Cash Collateral Fund may invest without limit in U.S. dollar-denominated obligations of foreign issuers, including foreign banks. Cash Collateral Fund does not limit the amount of its assets that can be invested in one type of instrument or in any foreign country. Information about the portfolio holdings of Cash Collateral Fund is available on request. As compensation for its services as manager, Eaton Vance is paid a fee at a rate of 0.08% annually of the average daily net assets of Cash Collateral Fund. Eaton Vance pays all of Cash Collateral Funds custody, audit and other ordinary operating expenses, excluding extraordinary, non-recurring items such as expenses incurred in connection with litigation, proceedings, claims and reorganization expenses. Payments to Eaton Vance for managing Cash Collateral Fund are in addition to the investment advisory fee paid by the Fund. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
69
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Securities with Equity and Debt Characteristics |
Securities may have a combination of equity and debt characteristics. These securities may at times behave more like equity than debt or vice versa. Some types of convertible bonds, preferred stocks or other preferred securities automatically convert into common stocks or other securities at a stated conversion ratio and some may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a predetermined price. These securities, prior to conversion, may pay a fixed rate of interest or a dividend. Because convertible securities have both debt and equity characteristics, their values vary in response to many factors, including the values of the securities into which they are convertible, general market and economic conditions, and convertible market valuations, as well as changes in interest rates, credit spreads and the credit quality of the issuer. The prices and yields of nonconvertible preferred securities or preferred stocks generally move with changes in interest rates and the issuers credit quality, similar to the factors affecting debt securities. If these securities are ranked at the bottom of an issuers debt capital structure, they may be more sensitive to economic changes than more senior debt securities. These securities may also be viewed as more equity-like by the market when the issuer or its parent company experience financial problems. |
Senior Loans |
Senior Loans are loans that are senior in repayment priority to other debt of the borrower. Senior Loans generally pay interest that floats, adjusts or varies periodically based on benchmark indicators, specified adjustment schedules or prevailing interest rates. Senior Loans are often secured by specific assets or collateral, although they may not be secured by collateral. A Senior Loan is typically originated, negotiated and structured by a U.S. or foreign commercial bank, insurance company, finance company or other financial institution (the Agent) for a group of loan investors (Loan Investors), generally referred to as a syndicate. The Agent typically administers and enforces the Senior Loan on behalf of the Loan Investors in the syndicate. In addition, an institution, typically but not always the Agent, holds any collateral on behalf of the Loan Investors. Loan interests primarily take the form of assignments purchased in the primary or secondary market. Loan interests may also take the form of participation interests in, or novations of, a Senior Loan. Senior Loans primarily include senior floating rate loans and secondarily senior floating rate debt obligations (including those issued by an asset-backed pool), and interests therein. |
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Loan Collateral. Borrowers generally will, for the term of the Senior Loan, pledge collateral to secure their obligation. In addition Senior Loans may be guaranteed by or secured by assets of the borrowers owners or affiliates. During the term of the Senior Loan, the value of collateral securing the Loan may decline in value, causing the Loan to be under-collateralized. Collateral may consist of assets that may not be readily liquidated, and there is no assurance that the liquidation of such assets would satisfy fully a borrowers obligations under a Senior Loan. In addition, if a Senior Loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become part owner of the collateral and would bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of such collateral. |
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Fees. The Fund may receive a facility fee when it buys a Senior Loan, and pay a facility fee when it sells a Senior Loan. On an ongoing basis, the Fund may receive a commitment fee based on the undrawn portion of the underlying line of credit portion of a Senior Loan. In certain circumstances, the Fund may receive a prepayment penalty fee upon the prepayment of a Senior Loan by a borrower or an amendment fee. |
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Loan Administration. In a typical Senior Loan, the Agent administers the terms of the loan agreement and is responsible for the collection of principal, and interest payments from the borrower and the apportionment of these payments to the Loan Investors. Failure by the Agent to fulfill its obligations may delay or adversely affect receipt of payment by the Fund. Furthermore, unless under the terms of a loan agreement or participation (as applicable) the Fund has direct recourse against the borrower, the Fund must rely on the Agent and the other Loan Investors to use appropriate remedies against the borrower. The Agent is typically responsible for monitoring compliance with covenants contained in the loan agreement based upon reports prepared by the borrower. The typical practice of an Agent or a Loan Investor in relying exclusively or primarily on reports from the borrower may involve the risk of fraud by the borrower. It is unclear whether an investment in a Senior Loan offers the securities law protections against fraud and misrepresentation. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
70
SAI dated May 1, 2014
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A financial institutions appointment as Agent may usually be terminated in the event that it fails to observe the requisite standard of care or becomes insolvent. A successor Agent would generally be appointed to replace the terminated Agent, and assets held by the Agent under the Loan Agreement should remain available to holders of Senior Loans. However, if assets held by the Agent for the benefit of the Fund were determined to be subject to the claims of the Agents general creditors, the Fund might incur certain costs and delays in realizing payment on a Senior Loan, or suffer a loss of principal and/or interest. In situations involving other Interposed Person s , similar risks may arise. |
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Additional Information. The Fund may purchase and retain in its portfolio a Senior Loan where the borrower has experienced, or may be perceived to be likely to experience, credit problems, including involvement in or recent emergence from bankruptcy reorganization proceedings or other forms of debt restructuring. While such investments may provide opportunities for enhanced income as well as capital appreciation, they generally involve greater risk and may be considered speculative. The Fund may from time to time participate in ad-hoc committees formed by creditors to negotiate with the management of financially troubled borrowers. The Fund may incur legal fees as a result of such participation. In addition, such participation may restrict the Funds ability to trade in or acquire additional positions in a particular security when it might otherwise desire to do so. Participation by the Fund also may expose the Fund to potential liabilities under bankruptcy or other laws governing the rights of creditors and debtors. The Fund will participate in such committees only when the investment adviser believes that such participation is necessary or desirable to enforce the Funds rights as a creditor or to protect the value of a Senior Loan held by the Fund. |
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In some instances, other accounts managed by the investment adviser may hold other securities issued by borrowers the Senior Loans of which may be held by the Fund. These other securities may include, for example, debt securities that are subordinate to the Senior Loans held by the Fund, convertible debt or common or preferred equity securities. In certain circumstances, such as if the credit quality of the borrower deteriorates, the interests of holders of these other securities may conflict with the interests of the holders of the borrowers Senior Loans. In such cases, the investment adviser may owe conflicting fiduciary duties to the Fund and other client accounts. The investment adviser will endeavor to carry out its obligations to all of its clients to the fullest extent possible, recognizing that in some cases, certain clients may achieve a lower economic return, as a result of these conflicting client interests, than if the investment advisers client accounts collectively held only a single category of the issuers securities. |
|
The Fund may acquire warrants and other equity securities as part of a unit combining a Senior Loan and equity securities of a borrower or its affiliates. The Fund may also acquire equity securities or debt securities (including non-dollar denominated debt securities) issued in exchange for a Senior Loan or issued in connection with the debt restructuring or reorganization of a borrower, or if such acquisition, in the judgment of the investment adviser, may enhance the value of a Senior Loan or would otherwise be consistent with the Funds investment policies. |
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For Floating Rate Portfolio, Senior Portfolio and VT Floating-Rate Income Fund only: The Fund will acquire participations only if the Loan Investor selling the participation, and any other persons interpositioned between the Fund and the Loan Investor (an Interposed Person), at the time of investment, has outstanding debt or deposit obligations rated investment grade (BBB or A-3 or higher by S&P or Baa or P- 3 or higher by Moodys or comparably rated by another nationally recognized statistical ratings organization) or determined by the investment adviser to be of comparable quality . |
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For additional disclosure relating to investing in loans (including Senior Loans), see Loans above. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
71
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Short Sales |
Short sales are transactions in which a party sells a security it does not own in anticipation of a decline in the market value of that security. To complete such a transaction, the party must borrow the security to make delivery to the buyer. When the party is required to return the borrowed security, it typically will purchase the security in the open market. The price at such time may be more or less than the price at which the party sold the security. Until the security is replaced, the party is required to repay the lender any dividends or interest, which accrues during the period of the loan. To borrow the security, it also may be required to pay a premium, which would increase the cost of the security sold. The net proceeds of the short sale will be retained by the broker, to the extent necessary to meet margin requirements, until the short position is closed out. Transaction costs are incurred in effecting short sales. A short seller will incur a loss as a result of a short sale if the price of the security increases between the date of the short sale and the date on which it replaces the borrowed security. A gain will be realized if the price of the security declines in price between those dates. The amount of any gain will be decreased, and the amount of any loss increased, by the amount of the premium, dividends or interest the short seller may be required to pay, if any, in connection with a short sale. Short sales may be against the box or uncovered. In a short sale against the box, at the time of the sale, the short seller owns or has the immediate and unconditional right to acquire the identical security at no additional cost. In an uncovered short sale, the short seller does not own the underlying security and, as such, losses from uncovered short sales may be significant. The Fund may sell short securities representing an index or basket of securities whose constituents the Fund holds in whole or in part. A short sale of an index or basket of securities will be a covered short sale if the underlying index or basket of securities is the same or substantially identical to securities held by the Fund. Use of short sales is limited by the Funds non-fundamental restriction relating thereto. |
Short-Term Trading |
Fixed-income securities may be sold in anticipation of market decline (a rise in interest rates) or purchased in anticipation of a market rise (a decline in interest rates) and later sold. In addition, such a security may be sold and another purchased at approximately the same time to take advantage of what is believed to be a temporary disparity in the normal yield relationship between the two securities. Yield disparities may occur for reasons not directly related to the investment quality of particular issues or the general movement of interest rates, such as changes in the overall demand for or supply of various types of fixed-income securities or changes in the investment objectives of investors. |
Smaller Companies |
The investment risk associated with smaller companies is higher than that normally associated with larger, more established companies due to the greater business risks associated with small size, the relative age of the company, limited product lines, distribution channels and financial and managerial resources. Further, there is typically less publicly available information concerning smaller companies than for larger companies. The securities of small companies are often traded only over-the-counter and may not be traded in the volumes typical of trading on a national securities exchange. As a result, stocks of smaller companies are often more volatile than those of larger companies, which are often traded on a national securities exchange. |
Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities (SMBS) |
SMBS are multiclass mortgage securities. SMBS commonly involve two classes of securities that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions on a pool of mortgage assets. A common type of SMBS will have one class receiving most of the interest from the mortgages, while the other class will receive most of the principal. In the most extreme case, the interest only class receives all of the interest while the principal only class receives the entire principal. The yield to maturity on an interest only class is extremely sensitive to the rate of principal payments (including pre-payments) on the related underlying mortgage assets, and a rapid rate of principal payments may have a material adverse effect on the yield to maturity from these securities. If the underlying mortgages experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the initial investment in these securities may not be recouped. Although the market for such securities is increasingly liquid, certain SMBS may not be readily marketable and will be considered illiquid. The market value of the class consisting entirely of principal payments generally is unusually volatile in response to changes in interest rates. The yields on a class of SMBS that receives all or most of the interest from mortgages are generally higher than prevailing market yields on other MBS because their cash flow patterns are more volatile and there is a greater risk that the initial investment will not be fully recouped. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
72
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Structured Notes |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Structured notes are derivative debt instruments, the interest rate or principal of which is determined by an unrelated indicator (for example, a currency, security, commodity or index thereof). The terms of the instrument may be structured by the purchaser and the borrower issuing the note. Indexed securities may include structured notes as well as securities other than debt securities, the interest rate or principal of which is determined by an unrelated indicator. Indexed securities may include a multiplier that multiplies the indexed element by a specified factor and, therefore, the value of such securities may be very volatile. The terms of structured notes and indexed securities may provide that in certain circumstances no principal is due at maturity, which may result in a loss of invested capital. Structured notes and indexed securities may be positively or negatively indexed, so that appreciation of the unrelated indicator may produce an increase or a decrease in the interest rate or the value of the structured note or indexed security at maturity may be calculated as a specified multiple of the change in the value of the unrelated indicator. Structured notes and indexed securities may entail a greater degree of market risk than other types of investments because the investor bears the risk of the unrelated indicator. Structured notes or indexed securities also may be more volatile, less liquid, and more difficult to accurately price than less complex securities and instruments or more traditional debt securities. |
Swap Agreements |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. Swap agreements are two-party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a few weeks to more than one year. In a standard swap transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on a particular predetermined reference instrument or instruments, which can be adjusted for an interest rate factor. The gross returns to be exchanged or swapped between the parties are generally calculated with respect to a notional amount ( i.e. , the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate or in a basket of securities representing a particular index). Other types of swap agreements may calculate the obligations of the parties to the agreement on a net basis. Consequently, a partys current obligations (or rights) under a swap agreement will generally be equal only to the net amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the net amount). |
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Whether the use of swap agreements will be successful will depend on the investment adviser's ability to predict correctly whether certain types of reference instruments are likely to produce greater returns than other instruments. Swap agreements may be subject to contractual restrictions on transferability and termination and they may have terms of greater than seven days. The Funds obligations under a swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owed to the Fund under the swap). Developments in the swaps market, including government regulation, could adversely affect the Funds ability to terminate existing swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements, as well as to participate in swap agreements in the future. If there is a default by the counterparty to a swap, the Fund will have contractual remedies pursuant to the swap agreement, but any recovery may be delayed depending on the circumstances of the default. |
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The swaps market was largely unregulated prior to the enactment of federal legislation known as the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the Dodd-Frank Act), which was enacted in 2010 in response to turmoil in the financial markets and other market events. Among other things, the Dodd-Frank Act sets forth a new regulatory framework for certain OTC derivatives, such as swaps, in which the Fund may invest. The Dodd-Frank Act requires many swap transactions to be executed on registered exchanges or through swap execution facilities, cleared through a regulated clearinghouse, and publicly reported. In addition, many market participants are now regulated as swap dealers or major swap participants, and are, or will be, subject to certain minimum capital and margin requirements and business conduct standards. The statutory requirements of the Dodd-Frank Act are being implemented primarily through rules and regulations adopted by the SEC and/or the CFTC. There is a prescribed phase-in period during which most of the mandated rulemaking and regulations are being implemented, and temporary exemptions from certain rules and regulations have been granted so that current trading practices will not be unduly disrupted during the transition period. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
73
SAI dated May 1, 2014
|
Currently, central clearing is only required for certain market participants trading certain instruments, although central clearing for additional instruments is expected to be implemented by the CFTC until the majority of the swaps market is ultimately subject to central clearing. In addition, uncleared OTC swaps will be subject to regulatory collateral requirements that could adversely affect the Funds ability to enter into swaps in the OTC market. These developments could cause the Fund to terminate new or existing swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such instruments at an inopportune time. Until the mandated rulemaking and regulations are implemented completely, it will not be possible to determine the complete impact of the Dodd-Frank Act and related regulations on the Fund, and the establishment of a centralized exchange or market for swap transactions may not result in swaps being easier to value or trade. However, it is expected that swap dealers, major market participants, and swap counterparties will experience other new and/or additional regulations, requirements, compliance burdens, and associated costs. The legislation and rules to be promulgated may exert a negative effect on the Funds ability to meet its investment objective, either through limits or requirements imposed on the Fund or its counterparties. The swap market could be disrupted or limited as a result of the legislation, and the new requirements may increase the cost of the Funds investments and of doing business, which could adversely affect the ability of the Fund to buy or sell OTC derivatives. |
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Swap agreements include (but are not limited to): |
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Currency Swaps. Currency swaps involve the exchange of the rights of the parties to make or receive payments in specified currencies. Because currency swaps usually involve the delivery of the entire principal value of one designated currency in exchange for the other designated currency, the entire principal value of a currency swap is subject to the risk that the other party to the swap will default on its contractual delivery obligations. If the investment adviser is incorrect in its forecasts of market value and currency exchange rates, performance may be adversely affected. |
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Equity Swaps. An equity swap is an agreement in which at least one partys payments are based on the rate of return of an equity security or equity index, such as the S&P 500. The other partys payments can be based on a fixed rate, a non-equity variable rate, or even a different equity index. The Fund may enter into equity index swaps on a net basis pursuant to which the future cash flows from two reference instruments are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two. |
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Credit Default Swaps. Under a credit default swap agreement, the protection buyer in a credit default contract is generally obligated to pay the protection seller an upfront or a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract, provided that no credit event, such as a default, on a reference instrument has occurred. If a credit event occurs, the seller generally must pay the buyer the par value (full notional value) of the reference instrument in exchange for an equal face amount of the reference instrument described in the swap, or the seller may be required to deliver the related net cash amount, if the swap is cash settled. If the Fund is a buyer and no credit event occurs, the Fund may recover nothing if the swap is held through its termination date. As a seller, the Fund generally receives an upfront payment or a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the swap provided that there is no credit event. As the seller, the Fund would effectively add leverage to its portfolio because, in addition to its total net assets, the Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. The determination of a credit event under the swap agreement will depend on the terms of the agreement and may rely on the decision of persons that are not a party to the agreement. The Funds obligations under a credit default swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owed to the Fund). |
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Inflation Swaps. Inflation swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive interest, e.g., an exchange of fixed rate payments for floating rate payments or an exchange of floating rate payments based on two different reference indices. By design, one of the reference indices is an inflation index, such as the Consumer Price Index. Inflation swaps can be designated as zero coupon, where both sides of the swap compound interest over the life of the swap and then the accrued interest is paid out only at the swaps maturity. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
74
SAI dated May 1, 2014
|
Total Return Swaps. Total return swap agreements are contracts in which one party agrees to make periodic payments to another party based on the change in market value of the assets underlying the contract, which may include a specified security, basket of securities or securities indices during the specified period, in return for periodic payments based on a fixed or variable interest rate or the total return from other underlying assets. Total return swap agreements may be used to obtain exposure to a security or market without owning or taking physical custody of such security or investing directly in such market. Total return swap agreements may effectively add leverage to the Funds portfolio because, in addition to its total net assets, the Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. Generally, the Fund will enter into total return swaps on a net basis (i.e., the two payment streams are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments). The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Funds obligations over its entitlements with respect to each total return swap will be accrued on a daily basis. If the total return swap transaction is entered into on other than a net basis, the full amount of the Funds obligations will be accrued on a daily basis, and the full amount of the Funds obligations will be segregated by the Fund in an amount equal to or greater than the market value of the liabilities under the total return swap or the amount it would have cost the Fund initially to make an equivalent direct investment, plus or minus any amount the Fund is obligated to pay or is to receive under the total return swap agreement. |
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Interest Rate Swaps, Caps and Floors. Interest rate swaps are OTC contracts in which each party agrees to make a periodic interest payment based on an index or the value of an asset in return for a periodic payment from the other party based on a different index or asset. The purchase of an interest rate floor entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index falls below a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a notional principal amount from the party selling such interest rate floor. The purchase of an interest rate cap entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index rises above a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a notional principal amount from the party selling such interest rate cap. The Fund usually will enter into interest rate swap transactions on a net basis (i.e., the two payment streams are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments). The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Funds obligations over its entitlements with respect to each interest rate swap will be accrued on a daily basis. If the interest rate swap transaction is entered into on other than a net basis, the full amount of the Funds obligations will be accrued on a daily basis. Certain federal income tax requirements may limit the Funds ability to engage in certain interest rate transactions. |
Swaptions |
See also Derivative Instruments and Related Risks herein. A swaption is a contract that gives a counterparty the right (but not the obligation) in return for payment of a premium, to enter into a new swap agreement or to shorten, extend, cancel or otherwise modify an existing swap agreement, at some designated future time on specified terms. The Fund may write (sell) and purchase put and call swaptions. Depending on the terms of the particular option agreement, the Fund will generally incur a greater degree of risk when it writes a swaption than it will incur when it purchases a swaption. When the Fund purchases a swaption, it risks losing only the amount of the premium it has paid should it decide to let the option expire unexercised. However, when the Fund writes a swaption, upon exercise of the option the Fund will become obligated according to the terms of the underlying agreement. |
Tax-Managed Investing |
Taxes are a major influence on the net returns that investors receive on their taxable investments. There are four components of the returns of a mutual fund that invests in equities that are treated differently for federal income tax purposes: price appreciation, distributions of qualified dividend income, distributions of other investment income, and distributions of realized short-term and long-term capital gains. Distributions of income other than qualified dividend income and distributions of net realized short-term gains (on stocks held for one year or less) are taxed as ordinary income. Distributions of qualified dividend income and net realized long-term gains (on stocks held for more than one year) are currently taxed at rates up to 20%. The Funds investment program and the tax treatment of Fund distributions may be affected by IRS interpretations of the Code and future changes in tax laws and regulations. Returns derived from price appreciation are untaxed until the shareholder disposes of his or her shares. Upon disposition, a capital gain (short-term, if the shareholder has held his or her shares for one year or less, otherwise long-term) equal to the difference between the net proceeds of the disposition and the shareholders adjusted tax basis is realized. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
75
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Trust Certificates |
Trust certificates are investments in a limited purpose trust or other vehicle formed under state law. Trust certificates in turn invest in instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps, preferred securities and other securities, in order to customize the risk/return profile of a particular security. Like an investment in a bond, investments in trust certificates represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in the form of distributions) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the certificate. However, these payments are conditioned on the trusts receipt of payments from, and the trusts potential obligations to, the counterparties to the derivative instruments and other securities in which the trust invests. Investments in these instruments are indirectly subject to the risks associated with derivative instruments, including, among others, credit risk, default or similar event risk, counterparty risk, interest rate risk, leverage risk and management risk. It is expected that the trusts that issue credit-linked trust certificates will constitute private investment companies, exempt from registration under the 1940 Act. Although the trusts are typically private investment companies, they are generally not actively managed. It is also expected that the certificates will be exempt from registration under the 1933 Act. Accordingly, there may be no established trading market for the certificates and they may constitute illiquid investments. |
U.S. Government Securities |
U.S. Government securities include: (1) U.S. Treasury obligations, which differ in their interest rates, maturities and times of issuance, including: U.S. Treasury bills (maturities of one year or less); U.S. Treasury notes (maturities of one year to ten years); and U.S. Treasury bonds (generally maturities of greater than ten years); and (2) obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies and instrumentalities, which are supported by any of the following: (a) the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury; (b) the right of the issuer to borrow an amount limited to a specific line of credit from the U.S. Treasury; (c) discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase certain obligations of the U.S. Government agency or instrumentality; or (d) the credit of the agency or instrumentality. U.S. Government securities also include any other security or agreement collateralized or otherwise secured by U.S. Government securities. Agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. Government include but are not limited to: Farmers Home Administration, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Federal Housing Administration, Federal Land Banks, Federal Financing Bank, Central Bank for Cooperatives, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, Farm Credit Bank System, Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, Federal National Mortgage Association, General Services Administration, Government National Mortgage Association, Student Loan Marketing Association, United States Postal Service, Maritime Administration, Small Business Administration, Tennessee Valley Authority, Washington D.C. Armory Board and any other enterprise established or sponsored by the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government generally is not obligated to provide support to its instrumentalities. The principal of and/or interest on certain U.S. Government securities could be: (a) payable in foreign currencies rather than U.S. dollars; or (b) increased or diminished as a result of changes in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to the value of foreign currencies. The value of such portfolio securities denominated in foreign currencies may be affected favorably by changes in the exchange rate between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. For additional information about Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation and Federal National Mortgage Association, see Events Regarding FNMA and FHLMC herein. |
Unlisted Securities |
Unlisted securities are neither listed on a stock exchange nor traded over-the-counter. Unlisted securities may include investments in new and early stage companies, which may involve a high degree of business and financial risk that can result in substantial losses and may be considered speculative. Such securities will generally be deemed to be illiquid. Because of the absence of any public trading market for these investments, it may take longer to liquidate these positions than would be the case for publicly traded securities. Although these securities may be resold in privately negotiated transactions, the prices realized from these sales could be less than those originally paid or less than what may be considered the fair value of such securities. Furthermore, issuers whose securities are not publicly traded may not be subject to public disclosure and other investor protection requirements applicable to publicly traded securities. If such securities are required to be registered under the securities laws of one or more jurisdictions before being resold, the Fund may be required to bear the expenses of registration. In addition, in foreign jurisdictions any capital gains realized on the sale of such securities may be subject to higher rates of foreign taxation than taxes payable on the sale of listed securities. |
Utility and Financial Service Companies |
To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may concentrate its investments in utility and/or financial services companies. |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
76
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
77
SAI dated May 1, 2014
APPENDIX A
Class A Fees, Performance and Ownership
Sales Charges and Distribution and Service Fees.
For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013
, the following table shows (1) total sales charges paid by the Fund, (2) sales charges paid to financial intermediaries, (3) sales charges paid to the principal underwriter, (4) approximate CDSC payments to the principal underwriter, (5) total distribution and service fees paid by the Fund, and (6) distribution and service fees paid to financial intermediaries. Distribution and service fees that were not paid to financial intermediaries were retained by the principal underwriter.
For the fiscal years ended December 31,
2012
and
2011
, total sales charges of $
91,807 and $
42,274
, respectively, were paid on sales of Class A shares, of which the principal underwriter received $
14,500
and $
7,435
, respectively. The balance of such amounts was paid to financial intermediaries.
Performance Information.
The table below indicates the average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment in shares of $1,000. Total return for the period prior to March 21, 2007 reflects the total return of the
Investment Grade Income Portfolio.
The total return shown below has not been adjusted to reflect Fund expenses (such as distribution and/or service fees). If such an adjustment was made, the total return of this Class would be different. Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses. Performance would have been lower without subsidies.
Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested. The Funds past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, the Funds current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted return. For the Funds performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.
About Returns After Taxes. After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions. After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares. The tax treatment of a portion of the distributions made in the current year may be recharacterized as taxable after year-end.
|
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Five Years* |
Ten Years* |
Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
-1.18% |
4.64% |
4.27% |
Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
-5.90% |
3.61% |
3.76% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
-2.90% |
2.94% |
2.52% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
-7.54% |
1.93% |
2.03% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge |
-0.53% |
3.04% |
2.68% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge |
-3.21% |
2.24% |
2.28% |
Class A shares commenced operations on January 5, 2009. |
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
78
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities.
At April 1,
2014
, the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned in the aggregate less than 1% of the outstanding shares of this Class of the Fund. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:
Assetmark Trust Company |
Phoenix, AZ |
44.4% |
Pershing, LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
19.3% |
TD Ameritrade Inc. |
Omaha, NE |
7.4% |
Beneficial owners of 25% or more of this Class of the Fund are presumed to be in control of the Class for purposes of voting on certain matters submitted to shareholders.
To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class of the Fund as of such date.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
79
SAI dated May 1, 2014
APPENDIX B
Class I Performance and Ownership
Performance Information. The table below indicates the average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment in shares of $1,000. Total return for the period prior to March 21, 2007 reflects the total return of the Investment Grade Income Portfolio. The total return shown below has not been adjusted to reflect Fund expenses (such as distribution and/or service fees). If such an adjustment was made, the total return of this Class would be different. Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses. Performance would have been lower without subsidies.
Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested. The Funds past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, the Funds current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted return. For the Funds performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.
About Returns After Taxes. After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions. After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholders tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities. Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period. Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares. The tax treatment of a portion of the distributions made in the current year may be recharacterized as taxable after year-end.
|
Length of Period Ended December 31, 2013 |
||
Average Annual Total Return: |
One Year* |
Five Years* |
Ten Years* |
Before Taxes |
-1.04% |
4.86% |
4.38% |
After Taxes on Distributions |
-2.86% |
3.06% |
2.59% |
After Taxes on Distributions and Redemptions |
-0.45% |
3.18% |
2.75% |
Class I shares commenced operations on March 21, 2007. |
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
80
SAI dated May 1, 2014
Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities. At April 1, 2014, the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned approximately 1.76% of the outstanding shares of this Class of the Fund. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:
EVTC Collective Investment Trust FBO EMP Benefit Plans Moderate Fund c/o Eaton Vance Management |
Boston, MA |
34.4% |
Assetmark Trust Company |
Phoenix, AZ |
13.3% |
US Charitable Gift Trust Income Pooled Income Fund c/o Eaton Vance Management |
Boston, MA |
10.1% |
Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. |
San Francisco, CA |
6.0% |
US Charitable Gift Trust Growth & Income Pooled Income Fund c/o Eaton Vance Management |
Boston, MA |
5.7% |
National Financial Services LLC |
Jersey City, NJ |
5.4% |
Beneficial owners of 25% or more of this Class of the Fund are presumed to be in control of the Class for purposes of voting on certain matters submitted to shareholders.
To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class of the Fund as of such date.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
81
SAI dated May 1, 2014
APPENDIX C
RATINGS
The ratings indicated herein are believed to be the most recent ratings available at the date of this SAI for the securities listed. Ratings are generally given to securities at the time of issuance. While the rating agencies may from time to time revise such ratings, they undertake no obligation to do so, and the ratings indicated do not necessarily represent ratings which would be given to these securities on a particular date.
MOODYS INVESTORS SERVICE, INC. (Moodys)
Ratings assigned on
Moodys
global
long-term
and short-term rating scales are forward-looking
opinions of the relative credit
risks
of
financial obligations issued by non-financial corporates, financial institutions, structured finance vehicles, project finance vehicles, and public sector entities. Long-term ratings are assigned to issuers or
obligations with an original maturity of one year or more
and reflect both
on
the likelihood of
a
default
on contractually promised payments and the expected
financial loss suffered in the event of default.
Short-term ratings are assigned to obligations with an original maturity of thirteen months or less and reflect the likelihood of a default on contractually promised payments.
GLOBAL LONG-TERM RATINGS SCALE
Aaa:
Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality,
subject to the lowest level of
credit risk.
Aa: Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low risk.
A: Obligations rated A are considered upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.
Baa:
Obligations rated Baa are
judged to be medium-grade and
subject to moderate credit risk
and a
such may possess certain speculative characteristics
Ba:
Obligations rated Ba are judged to
be
speculative
and are subject to substantial credit risk.
B: Obligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.
Caa: Obligations rated Caa are judged to be speculative of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.
Ca: Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.
C:
Obligations rated C are the lowest rated
and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.
Note: Moodys appends numerical modifiers, 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category.
GLOBAL
SHORT-TERM
RATING SCALE
Moodys short term ratings are opinions of the ability of issuers to honor short-term financial obligations. Ratings may be assigned to issuers, short-term programs or to individual short-term debt instruments. Such obligations generally have an original maturity not exceeding thirteen months, unless explicitly noted.
P-1: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-1 have a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-2: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 have a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-3: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-3 have an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations.
NP: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime ratings categories.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
82
SAI dated May 1, 2014
ISSUER RATINGS
Issuer Ratings are opinions of the ability of entities to honor senior unsecured financial
counterparty obligations and contracts. As such, Issuer Ratings incorporate any external support that is expected to apply to all current and future issuance of senior unsecured financial obligations and contracts, such as explicit support stemming from a guarantee of all senior unsecured financial obligations and contracts, and/or implicit support for issuers subject to joint default analysis (e.g. banks and government-related issuers). Issuer Ratings do not incorporate support arrangements, such as guarantees, that apply only to specific (but not to all) senior unsecured financial obligations and contracts.
US MUNICIPAL SHORT-TERM OBLIGATION RATINGS AND DEMAND OBLIGATION RATINGS
SHORT-TERM OBLIGATION RATINGS
While the global short-term prime
rating
scale is applied to US municipal tax-exempt commercial paper, these programs are typically backed by external letters of credit or liquidity facilities and their short-term prime ratings usually map to the long-term rating of the enhancing bank or financial institution and not to the municipalitys rating. Other
short-term municipal obligations
, which generally have different funding sources for repayment,
are
rated using two additional short-term rating scales (i.e., the MIG and VMIG scales discussed below).
The
Municipal Investment Grade (MIG)
scale is used to rate US municipal bond anticipation notes of up to three years maturity. Municipal notes rated on the MIG scale may be secured by either pledged revenues or proceeds of a take-out financing received prior to note maturity. MIG ratings expire at the maturity of the obligation, and the issuers long-term rating is only one consideration in assigning the MIG rating. MIG ratings are
divided into three levels
MIG 1 through MIG 3
while speculative grade
short-term obligations
are designated SG
.
MIG 1
This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by established cash flows, highly reliable liquidity support, or demonstrated broad-
based
access to the market for refinancing.
MIG 2
This designation denotes strong credit quality. Margins of protection are ample, although not as large as in the preceding group.
MIG 3
This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Liquidity and cash-flow protection may be narrow, and market access for refinancing is likely to be less well-established.
SG
This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Debt instruments in this category may lack sufficient margins
of
protection.
Demand Obligation Ratings
In the case of variable rate demand obligations (VRDOs), a two-component rating is assigned; a long or short-term rating and demand obligation rating. The first element represents Moodys evaluation of the degree of risk associated with scheduled principal and interest payments. The second element represents Moodys evaluation of the degree of risk associated with the ability to receive purchase price upon demand (demand feature),
The second element uses a rating from
a variation of the MIG
scale
called
the Variable Municipal Investment Grade
(
VMIG
) scale. The
rating
transitions on the VMIG scale, as shown in the diagram below, differ from those on the Prime scale to reflect the risk that external liquidity support generally will terminate if the issuers long-term rating drops below investment grade.
VMIG 1: This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by the superior short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
VMIG 2: This designation denotes strong credit quality. Good protection is afforded by the strong short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
VMIG 3: This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Adequate protection is afforded by the satisfactory short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
SG: This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Demand features rated in this category may be supported by a liquidity provider that does not have an investment grade short-term rating or may lack the structural and/or legal protections necessary to ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
83
SAI dated May 1, 2014
STANDARD & POORS RATINGS
SERVICES
(S&P)
ISSUE CREDIT RATINGS DEFINITIONS
A Standard & Poor's issue credit rating is a forward-looking opinion about the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific financial obligation, a specific class of financial obligations, or a specific financial program (including ratings on medium-term note programs and commercial paper programs). It takes into consideration the creditworthiness of guarantors, insurers, or other forms of credit enhancement on the obligation and takes into account the currency in which the obligation is denominated. The opinion reflects Standard & Poor's view of the obligor's capacity and willingness to meet its financial commitments as they come due, and may assess terms, such as collateral security and subordination, which could affect ultimate payment in the event of default.
Issue credit ratings can be either long
-term
or short
-
term. Short-term ratings are generally assigned to those obligations considered short-term in the relevant market. In the U.S., for example, that means obligations with an original maturity of no more than 365 days
including commercial paper. Short-term ratings are also used to
indicate
the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to put
features on long-term obligations.
Medium-term notes are assigned long-term ratings.
LONG-TERM ISSUE CREDIT RATINGS:
Issue credit ratings are based , in varying degrees , on Standard & Poor's analysis of the following considerations:
·
Likelihood of payment
—
capacity and willingness of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on an obligation in accordance with the terms of the obligation
;
·
Nature of and provisions of the
obligation;, and the promise we impute.
·
Protection afforded by, and relative position of, the obligation in the event of bankruptcy, reorganization, or other arrangement under the laws of bankruptcy and other laws affecting
creditors'
rights. Issue ratings are an assessment of default risk, but may incorporate an assessment of relative seniority or ultimate recovery in the event of default. Junior obligations are typically rated lower than senior obligations, to reflect the lower priority in bankruptcy, as noted above. (Such differentiation may apply when an entity has both senior and subordinated obligations, secured and unsecured obligations, or operating company and holding company obligations.)
AAA:
An obligation rated AAA has the highest rating assigned by S&P. The obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.
AA: An obligation rated AA differs from the highest-rated obligors only to a small degree. The obligors capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is very strong.
A: An obligation rated A is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is still strong.
BBB: An obligation rated BBB exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
BB, B, CCC, CC and C
Obligations rated BB, B, CCC, CC, and C are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. BB indicates the least degree of speculation and C the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.
BB: An obligation rated BB is less vulnerable to non-payment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligors inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B: An obligation rated B is more vulnerable than obligations rated BB, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse business, financial or economic conditions will likely impair the obligors capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
CCC: An obligation rated CCC is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial or, economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CC: An obligation rated CC is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The 'CC' rating is used when a default has not yet occurred, but Standard & Poor's expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default.
C:
An
obligation rated
'C'
is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment
, and the
obligation
is expected to have lower relative seniority or lower ultimate recovery compared
to
obligations
that
are rated higher
.
D:
An
obligation rated
'D'
is in
default
or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the 'D'
rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due
, unless
Standard & Poor's
believes that such payments will be made
within five business days in the absence of a stated grace period or within the earlier of the stated
grace period
or 30 calendar days.
The
'D'
rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of
similar action
and where default
on an obligation
is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation's rating is lowered to 'D' if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.
NR: This indicates that no rating has been requested,
or
that there is insufficient information on which to base a rating, or that
Standard & Poor's
does not rate a particular obligation as a matter of policy.
*The ratings from 'AA' to 'CCC' may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.
SHORT-TERM ISSUE CREDIT RATINGS
A-1: A short-term obligation rated A-1 is rated in the highest category by S&P. The obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitments on these obligation is extremely strong.
A-2: A short-term obligation rated A-2 is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is satisfactory.
A-3: A short-term obligation rated A-3 exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B:
A short-term obligation rated B is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics.
The obligor currently has the capacity to
meet its financial
commitments
; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the
obligor's
inadequate capacity to meet its financial
commitments
.
C:
A short-term obligation rated C is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
D:
A short-term obligation rated
'D'
is in
default
or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the 'D'
rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due
, unless
Standard & Poor's
believes that such payments will be made
within any stated grace period. However, any stated
grace period
longer than five business days will be treated as five business days. The 'D'
rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action
and where default
on an obligation
is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation's rating is lowered to 'D' if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer
.
ISSUER CREDIT RATINGS DEFINITIONS
Standard & Poor's issuer credit rating is a forward-looking opinion about an obligor's overall creditworthiness. This opinion focuses on the obligor's capacity and willingness to meet its financial commitments as they come due. It does not apply to any specific financial obligation, as it does not take into account the nature of and provisions of the obligation, its standing in bankruptcy or liquidation, statutory preferences, or the legality and enforceability of the obligation. Counterparty credit ratings, corporate credit ratings and sovereign credit ratings are all forms of issuer credit ratings.
Issuer credit ratings can be either long-term or short-term.
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
LONG-TERM ISSUER CREDIT RATINGS
AAA: An obligor rated AAA has extremely strong capacity to meet its financial commitments. AAA is the highest issuer credit rating assigned by S&P.
AA: An obligor rated AA has very strong capacity to meet its financial commitments. It differs from the highest-rated obligors only to a small degree.
A: An obligor rated A has strong capacity to meet its financial commitments but is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligors in higher-rated categories.
BBB: An obligor rated BBB has adequate capacity to meet its financial commitments. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitments.
BB, B, CCC and CC
Obligors rated BB, B, CCC, and CC are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. BB indicates the least degree of speculation and CC the highest. While such obligors will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.
BB: An obligor BB is less vulnerable in the near term than other lower-rated obligors. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties and exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligors inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.
B: An obligor rated B is more vulnerable than the obligors rated BB, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligors capacity or willingness to meets its financial commitments.
CCC: An obligor rated CCC is currently vulnerable, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions to meet its financial commitments.
CC: An obligor rated CC is currently highly vulnerable. The 'CC' rating is used when a default has not yet occurred, but Standard & Poor's expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default.
R:
An obligor rated
'R'
is under regulatory supervision owing to its financial condition. During the pendency of the regulatory supervision the regulators may have the power to favor one class of obligations over others or pay some obligations and not others.
SD and D
:
An obligor rated
'SD'
(selective default) or
'D' is in default on
one or more of its
financial
obligations
including
rated
and
unrated
financial obligations but excluding hybrid instruments classified as regulatory capital or in non-payment according to terms. An obligor is considered in default unless Standard & Poor's believes that such payments will be made within five business days of the
due
date in the absence of a stated grace period,or within the earlier of the stated grace period or 30 calendar days.
A
'D'
rating is assigned when
Standard & Poor's
believes that the default will be a general default and that the obligor will fail to pay all or substantially all of its obligations as they come due. An
'SD'
rating is assigned when
Standard &
Poor's
believes that the obligor has selectively defaulted on a specific issue or class of obligations but it will continue to meet its payment obligations on other issues or classes of obligations in a timely manner.
An obligor's rating is lowered to 'D' or 'SD' if it is conducting a distressed exchange offer
.
NR: An issuer designated NR is not rated.
Plus (+) or Minus (-): The ratings from AA to CCC may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.
SHORT-TERM ISSUER CREDIT RATINGS
A-1: An obligor rated A-1 has strong capacity to meet its financial commitments. It is rated in the highest category by S&P. Within this category, certain obligors are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitments is extremely strong.
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
A-2: An obligor rated A-2 has satisfactory capacity to meet its financial commitments. However, it is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligors in the highest rating category.
A-3: An obligor rated A-3 has adequate capacity to meet its financial obligations. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitments.
B: An obligor rated B is regarded as vulnerable and has significant speculative characteristics. Ratings B-1, B-2, and B-3 may be assigned to indicate finer distinctions within the B category. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligors inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.
C:
An obligor rated
'C'
is currently vulnerable to nonpayment
that would result in a 'SD' or 'D' issuer rating,
and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for it to meet its financial commitments.
R:
An obligor rated R is under regulatory supervision owing to its financial condition. During the pendency of the regulatory supervision the regulators may have the power to favor one class of obligations over others or pay some obligations and not others.
SD and D:
An obligor rated
'SD'
(selective default) or
'D'
has failed to pay one or more of its
financial
obligations (rated or unrated
), excluding hybrid instruments classified as regulatory capital or in nonpayment according to terms,
when it came due.
An obligor
is
considered in default unless Standard & Poor's believes that such payments will be made within any stated grace period. However, any stated grace period longer than five business days will be treated as five business days. A 'D' rating is assigned when Standard & Poor's
believes that the default will be a general default and that the obligor will fail to pay all or substantially all of its obligations as they come due. An
'SD'
rating is assigned when
Standard & Poor's
believes that the obligor has selectively defaulted on a specific issue or class of obligations
, excluding hybrid instruments classified as regulatory capital,
but it will continue to meet its payment obligations on other issues or classes of obligations in a timely manner.
An obligor's rating is lowered to 'D'
or
'SD' if it is conducting a distressed exchange offer
.
NR: An issuer designated as NR is not rated.
MUNICIPAL SHORT-TERM NOTE RATINGS
SHORT-TERM NOTES:
An S&P U.S. municipal note ratings reflects the liquidity factors and market access risks unique to notes. Notes due in three years or less will likely receive a note rating. Notes maturing beyond three years will most likely receive a long-term debt rating.
In determining which type of rating, if any, to assign, Standard & Poor's analysis will review the following considerations:
Amortization schedule--the larger the final maturity relative to other maturities, the more likely it will be treated as a note; and Source of payment--the more dependent the issue is on the market for its refinancing, the more likely it will be treated as a note.
Municipal Short-Term Note rating symbols are as follows:
SP-1: Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. An issue determined to possess a very strong capacity to pay debt will be given a plus(+) designation.
SP-2: Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over the term of the notes.
SP-3: Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.
FITCH RATINGS
LONG-TERM CREDIT RATINGS
Investment Grade
AAA: Highest credit quality AAA ratings denote the lowest expectation of credit risk. They are assigned only in case of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. The capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.
AA: Very high credit quality. AA ratings denote expectations of very low credit risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
A: High credit quality. A ratings denote expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. The capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to changes in circumstances or in economic conditions that is the case for higher ratings.
BBB:
'BBB'
ratings indicate that
expectations of
default
risk
are currently low.
The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse
business or
economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity.
BB: Speculative.
'BB'
ratings indicate
an elevated vulnerability to default
risk
, particularly
in
the
event
of adverse
changes in business or
economic
conditions
over time
.
B: Highly speculative.
B'
ratings indicate that
material default
risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is
vulnerable to deterioration in the
business and economic environment.
CCC:
Substantial credit risk.
Default is a real possibility.
CC:.
Very high
levels of
credit risk.
Default of some kind appears probable.
C:
Exceptionally high levels of credit risk.
Default appears
imminent
or inevitable
.
D:
Indicates
a default.
Default generally is defined as one of the following:
· failure
to make
payment of principal and/or interest under the contractual terms of
the rated
obligation;
· the bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other winding-up or cessation of the business of an issuer/ obligor; or
·
the distressed
exchange of an obligation, where creditors were offered securities with diminished structural or economic terms compared with the existing obligation
to avoid a probable payment default.
Notes to Long-Term ratings:
The modifiers + or - may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the AAA Long-term rating category, to categories below CCC, or to Short-term ratings other than F1. (The +/- modifiers are only used to denote issues within the CCC category, whereas issuers are only rated CCC without the use of modifiers.)
Short-Term Credit Ratings Assigned to Obligations in Corporate, Public and Structured Finance
A short-term issuer or obligation rating is based in all cases on the short-term vulnerability to default of the rated entity or security stream and relates to the capacity to meet financial obligations in accordance with the documentation governing the relevant obligation. Short-Term Ratings are assigned to obligations whose initial maturity is viewed as short term based on market convention. Typically, this means up to 13 months for corporate, sovereign, and structured obligations, and up to 36 months for obligations in U.S. public finance markets.
F1: Highest short-term credit quality . Indicates the strongest intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added + to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.
F2:
Good
short-term
credit quality.
Good intrinsic
capacity for timely payment of financial commitments
.
F3:
Fair
short-term
credit quality. The
intrinsic
capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate
.
B:
Speculative
short-term credit quality.
Minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus vulnerability to near term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.
C:
High
short-term
default risk.
Default is a real possibility.
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SAI dated May 1, 2014
RD: Restricted default.
Indicates an entity
that has defaulted on
one or more
of its financial
commitments, although it continues to meet other financial
obligations.
Typically applicable
to
entity
ratings
only.
D: Indicates a broad-based default event for an entity, or the default of a short-term obligation.
DESCRIPTION OF INSURANCE FINANCIAL STRENGTH RATINGS
Moodys Investors Service, Inc. Insurance Financial Strength Ratings
Moodys Insurance Financial Strength Ratings are opinions of the ability of insurance companies to repay punctually senior policyholder claims and obligations
and also reflect the expected financial loss suffered in the event of default .
Specific obligations are considered unrated unless they are individually rated because the standing of a particular insurance obligation would depend on an assessment of its relative standing under those laws governing both the obligation and the insurance company.
Standard & Poors Insurance Financial Strength Ratings
A
Standard & Poor's
insurer financial strength rating is a
forward-looking
opinion
about
the financial security characteristics of an insurance organization with respect to its ability to pay under its insurance policies and contracts in accordance with their terms. Insurer financial strength ratings are also assigned to health maintenance organizations and similar health plans with respect to their ability to pay under their policies and contracts in accordance with their terms. This opinion is not specific to any particular policy or contract, nor does it address the suitability of a particular policy or contract for a specific purpose or purchaser. Furthermore, the opinion does not take into account deductibles, surrender or cancellation penalties, timeliness of payment, nor the likelihood of the use of a defense such as fraud to deny claims.
Insurer financial strength ratings do not refer to an organization's ability to meet nonpolicy (i.e., debt) obligations.
Assignment of ratings to debt issued by insurers or to debt issues that are fully or partially supported by insurance policies, contracts, or guarantees is a separate process from the determination of insurer financial strength ratings, and follows procedures consistent with
those used to assign an
issue credit rating
. An
insurer financial strength
rating is
not a recommendation to purchase or discontinue any policy or contract issued by an insurer
.
Long-Term
Insurer Financial Strength Ratings
-Term
Insurer Financial Strength
Ratings*
Category Definition
AAA
An insurer rated 'AAA' has extremely strong financial security characteristics. 'AAA' is the highest insurer financial strength rating assigned by Standard & Poor's.
AA
An insurer rated 'AA' has very strong financial security characteristics, differing only slightly from those rated higher.
A
An insurer rated 'A' has strong financial security characteristics, but is somewhat more likely to be affected by adverse business conditions than are insurers with higher ratings.
BBB
An insurer rated 'BBB' has good financial security characteristics, but is more likely to be affected by adverse business conditions than are higher-rated insurers.
BB; CCC; and CC
An insurer rated 'BB' or lower is regarded as having vulnerable characteristics that may outweigh its strengths. 'BB' indicates the least degree of vulnerability within the range; 'CC' the highest.
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BB
An insurer rated 'BB' has marginal financial security characteristics. Positive attributes exist, but adverse business conditions could lead to insufficient ability to meet financial commitments.
B
An insurer rated 'B' has weak financial security characteristics. Adverse business conditions will likely impair its ability to meet
financial commitments.
CCC
An insurer rated 'CCC' has very weak financial security characteristics, and is dependent on favorable business conditions to meet
financial commitments.
CC
An insurer rated 'CC' has extremely weak financial security characteristics and is likely not to meet some of its financial
commitments.
SD or D
An insurer rated 'SD' (selective default) or 'D' is in default on one or more of its insurance policy obligations but is not under regulatory supervision that would involve a rating of 'R'. The 'D' rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action if payments on a policy obligation are at risk. A 'D' rating is assigned when Standard & Poor's believes that the default will be a general default and that the obligor will fail to pay substantially all of its obligations in full in accordance with the policy terms. An 'SD' rating is assigned when Standard & Poor's believes that the insurer has selectively defaulted on a specific class of policies but it will continue to meet its payment obligations on other classes of obligations. A selective default includes the completion of a distressed exchange offer. Claim denials due to lack of coverage or other legally permitted defenses are not considered defaults.
R
An insurer rated 'R' is under regulatory supervision owing to its financial condition. During the pendency of the regulatory supervision, the regulators may have the power to favor one class of obligations over others or pay some obligations and not others. The rating does not apply to insurers subject only to nonfinancial actions such as market conduct violations.
NR
An insurer designated 'NR' is not rated, which implies no opinion about the insurer's financial security.
*Ratings from 'AA' to 'CCC' may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.
Fitch Insurer Financial Strength Rating
The Insurer Financial Strength (IFS)
Rating provides an assessment of the financial strength of an insurance organization. The IFS Rating is assigned to the insurance
company's
policyholder obligations, including assumed reinsurance obligations and contract holder obligations, such as guaranteed investment contracts. The IFS Rating reflects both the ability of the insurer to meet these obligations on a timely basis, and expected recoveries received by claimants in the event the insurer stops making payments or payments are interrupted, due to either the failure of the insurer or some form of regulatory intervention. In the context of the IFS Rating, the timeliness of payments is considered relative to both contract and/or policy terms but also recognizes the possibility of reasonable delays caused by circumstances common to the insurance industry, including claims reviews, fraud investigations and coverage disputes.
The IFS Rating does not encompass policyholder obligations residing in separate accounts, unit-linked products or segregated funds, for which the policyholder bears investment or other risks. However, any guarantees provided to the policyholder with respect to such obligations are included in the IFS Rating.
Expected recoveries are based on
the agency's
assessments of the sufficiency of an insurance
company's
assets to fund policyholder obligations, in a scenario in which payments have
ceased or
been
interrupted. Accordingly, expected recoveries exclude the impact of recoveries obtained from any government sponsored guaranty or policyholder protection funds. Expected recoveries also exclude the impact of
collateralization
or security, such as letters of credit or trusteed assets, supporting select reinsurance obligations.
IFS Ratings can be assigned to insurance and reinsurance companies in any insurance sector, including the life & annuity, non-life, property/casualty, health, mortgage, financial guaranty, residual value and title insurance sectors, as well as to managed care companies such as health maintenance organizations.
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The IFS Rating does not address the quality of an
insurer's
claims handling services or the relative value of products sold.
The
IFS Rating
uses the same symbols used by the agency for its International and National credit ratings of long-term or short-term debt issues. However, the definitions associated with the ratings reflect the unique aspects of the
IFS Rating
within an insurance industry context.
Obligations for which a payment interruption has occurred due to either the insolvency or failure of the insurer or some form of regulatory intervention will generally be rated between 'B' and 'C' on the Long-Term IFS Rating scales (both International and National). International Short-Term IFS Ratings
assigned
under the same circumstances will align with the insurer's International Long-Term IFS Rating.
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APPENDIX D
Eaton Vance Funds
Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures
I. Overview
The Boards of Trustees (the
“
Board
”
) of the Eaton Vance
Funds
1
have determined that it is in the interests of the Funds
’
shareholders to adopt these written proxy voting policy and procedures (the
“
Policy
”
). For purposes of this Policy:
•
“ Fund ” means each registered investment company sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization; and
•
“ Adviser ” means the adviser or sub-adviser responsible for the day-to-day management of all or a portion of the Fund ’ s assets.
II. Delegation of Proxy Voting Responsibilities
The Board hereby delegates to the Adviser responsibility for voting the Funds proxies as described in this Policy. In this connection, the Adviser is required to provide the Board with a copy of its proxy voting policies and procedures (Adviser Procedures) and all Fund proxies will be voted in accordance with the Adviser Procedures, provided that in the event a material conflict of interest arises with respect to a proxy to be voted for the Fund (as described in Section IV below) the Adviser shall follow the process for voting such proxy as described in Section IV below.
The Adviser is required to report any material change to the Adviser Procedures to the Board in the manner set forth in Section V below. In addition, the Board will review the Adviser Procedures annually.
III. Delegation of Proxy Voting Disclosure Responsibilities
Pursuant to Rule 30b1-4 promulgated under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “ 1940 Act ” ), the Fund is required to file Form N-PX no later than August 31st of each year. On Form N-PX, the Fund is required to disclose, among other things, information concerning proxies relating to the Funds portfolio investments, whether or not the Fund (or its Adviser) voted the proxies relating to securities held by the Fund and how it voted on the matter and whether it voted for or against management.
To facilitate the filing of Form N-PX for the Fund:
The Adviser is required to record, compile and transmit in a timely manner all data required to be filed on Form N-PX for the Fund that it manages. Such data shall be transmitted to Eaton Vance Management, which acts as administrator to the Fund (the Administrator) or the third party service provider designated by the Administrator; and
the Administrator is required to file Form N-PX on behalf of the Fund with the Securities and Exchange Commission (Commission) as required by the 1940 Act. The Administrator may delegate the filing to a third party service party provided each such filing is reviewed and approved by the Administrator.
IV. Conflicts of Interest
The Board expects the Adviser, as a fiduciary to the Fund it manages, to put the interests of the Fund and its shareholders above those of the Adviser. When required to vote a proxy for the Fund, the Adviser may have material business relationships with the issuer soliciting the proxy that could give rise to a potential material conflict of interest for the Adviser.
2
In the event such a material conflict of interest arises , the Adviser, to the extent it is aware or reasonably should have been aware of the material conflict, will refrain from voting any proxies related to companies giving rise to such material conflict until it notifies and consults with the appropriate Board, or any committee, sub-committee or group of Independent Trustees identified by the Board (as long as such committee, sub-committee or group contains at least two or more Independent Trustees) (the Board Members), concerning the material conflict.
3
For ease of communicating with the Board Members, the Adviser is required to provide the foregoing notice to the Funds Chief Legal Officer who will then notify and facilitate a consultation with the Board Members.
Once the Board Members have been notified of the material conflict:
They shall convene a meeting to review and consider all relevant materials related to the proxies involved. This meeting shall be convened within 3 business days, provided that it an effort will be made to convene the meeting sooner if the proxy must be voted in less than 3 business days;
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In considering such proxies, the Adviser shall make available all materials requested by the Board Members and make reasonably available appropriate personnel to discuss the matter upon request.
The Board Members will then instruct the Adviser on the appropriate course of action with respect to the proxy at issue.
If the Board Members are unable to meet and the failure to vote a proxy would have a material adverse impact on the Fund(s) involved, the Adviser will have the right to vote such proxy, provided that it discloses the existence of the material conflict to the Chairman of the Board as soon as practicable and to the Board at its next meeting. Any determination regarding the voting of proxies of the Fund that is made by the Board Members shall be deemed to be a good faith determination regarding the voting of proxies by the full Board.
V. Reports and Review
The Administrator shall make copies of each Form N-PX filed on behalf of the Fund available for the Boards ’ review upon the Board ’ ’ request. The Administrator (with input from the Adviser for the Fund) shall also provide any reports reasonably requested by the Board regarding the proxy voting records of the Fund.
The Adviser shall report any material changes to the Adviser Procedures to the Board as soon as practicable and the Boards will review the Adviser Procedures annually.
The Adviser also shall report any changes to the Adviser Procedures to the Fund Chief Legal Officer prior to implementing such changes in order to enable the Administrator to effectively coordinate the Funds disclosure relating to the Adviser Procedures.
To the extent requested by the Commission, the Policy and the Adviser Procedures shall be appended to the Funds statement of additional information included in its registration statement.
_____________________
1
The Eaton Vance Funds may be organized as trusts or corporations. For ease of reference, the Funds may be referred to herein as Trusts and the Funds Board of Trustees or Board of Directors may be referred to collectively herein as the Board.
2
An Adviser is expected to maintain a process for identifying a potential material conflict of interest. As an example only, such potential conflicts may arise when the issuer is a client of the Adviser and generates a significant
amount
of fees to the Adviser or the issuer is a distributor of the Advisers products.
3
If a material conflict of interest exists with respect to a particular proxy and the proxy voting procedures of the relevant Adviser require that proxies are to be voted in accordance with the recommendation of a third party proxy voting vendor, the requirements of this Section IV shall only apply if the Adviser intends to vote such proxy in a manner inconsistent with such third party recommendation.
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APPENDIX E
EATON VANCE MANAGEMENT
BOSTON MANAGEMENT AND RESEARCH
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
I. Introduction
Eaton Vance Management, Boston Management and Research and Eaton Vance Investment Counsel (each an Adviser and collectively the Advisers) have each adopted and implemented policies and procedures that each Adviser believes are reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best interest of clients, in accordance with its fiduciary duties and Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. The Advisers authority to vote the proxies of their clients is established by their advisory contracts or similar documentation, such as the Eaton Vance Funds Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures. These proxy policies and procedures reflect the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requirements governing advisers and the long-standing fiduciary standards and responsibilities for ERISA accounts set out in the Department of Labor Bulletin 94-2 C.F.R. 2509.94-2 (July 29, 1994).
II. Overview
Each Adviser manages its clients assets with the overriding goal of seeking to provide the greatest possible return to such clients consistent with governing laws and the investment policies of each client. In pursuing that goal, each Adviser seeks to exercise its clients rights as shareholders of voting securities to support sound corporate governance of the companies issuing those securities with the principle aim of maintaining or enhancing the companies economic value.
The exercise of shareholder rights is generally done by casting votes by proxy at shareholder meetings on matters submitted to shareholders for approval (for example, the election of directors or the approval of a companys stock option plans for directors, officers or employees). Each Adviser is adopting the formal written Guidelines described in detail below and will utilize such Guidelines in voting proxies on behalf of its clients. These Guidelines are designed to promote accountability of a companys management and board of directors to its shareholders and to align the interests of management with those of shareholders.
Each Adviser will vote any proxies received by a client for which it has sole investment discretion through a third-party proxy voting service (Agent) in accordance with customized policies, as approved by the Boards of Trustees of the Eaton Vance Funds and, with respect to proxies referred back to the Adviser by the Agent pursuant to the Guidelines, in a manner that is reasonably designed to eliminate any potential conflicts of interest, as described more fully below. The Agent is currently Institutional Shareholder Services Inc. Proxies will be voted in accordance with client-specific guidelines and an Eaton Vance Funds sub-advisers proxy voting policies and procedures, if applicable.
No set of guidelines can anticipate all situations that may arise. In special cases, the Proxy Administrator (the person specifically charged with the responsibility to oversee the Agent and coordinate the voting of proxies referred back to the Adviser by the Agent) may seek insight from the Proxy Group established by the Advisers. The Proxy Group will assist in the review of the Agents recommendation when a proxy voting issue is referred to the Proxy Group through the Proxy Administrator. The members of the Proxy Group, which may include employees of the Advisers affiliates, may change at the Advisers discretion.
III. Roles and Responsibilities
A. Proxy Administrator
The Proxy Administrator will assist in the coordination of the voting of each clients proxy in accordance with the Guidelines below and the Funds Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures. The Proxy Administrator is authorized to direct the Agent to vote a proxy in accordance with the Guidelines. Responsibilities assigned herein to the Proxy Administrator, or activities in support thereof, may be performed by such members of the Proxy Group or employees of the Advisers affiliates as are deemed appropriate by the Proxy Group.
B. Agent
An independent proxy voting service (the Agent), as approved by the Board of each Fund, shall be engaged to assist in the voting of proxies. The Agent is currently Institutional Shareholder Services Inc. The Agent is responsible for coordinating with the clients custodians and the Advisers to ensure that all proxy materials received by the custodians relating to the portfolio securities are processed in a timely fashion. The Agent is required to vote and/or refer all proxies in accordance with the Guidelines below. The Agent shall retain a record of all proxy votes handled by the Agent. Such record must reflect all of
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the information required to be disclosed in a Funds Form N-PX pursuant to Rule 30b1-4 under the Investment Company Act of 1940. In addition, the Agent is responsible for maintaining copies of all proxy statements received by issuers and to promptly provide such materials to an Adviser upon request.
Subject to the oversight of the Advisers, the Agent shall establish and maintain adequate internal controls and policies in connection with the provision of proxy voting services to the Advisers, including methods to reasonably ensure that its analysis and recommendations are not influenced by a conflict of interest, and shall disclose such controls and policies to the Advisers when and as provided for herein. Unless otherwise specified, references herein to recommendations of the Agent shall refer to those in which no conflict of interest has been identified.
C. Proxy Group
The Adviser shall establish a Proxy Group which shall assist in the review of the Agents recommendations when a proxy voting issue has been referred to the Proxy Administrator by the Agent. The members of the Proxy Group, which may include employees of the Advisers affiliates, may be amended from time to time at the Advisers discretion.
For each proposal referred to the Proxy Group, the Proxy Group will review the (i) Guidelines, (ii) recommendations of the Agent, and (iii) any other resources that any member of the Proxy Group deems appropriate to aid in a determination of the recommendation.
If the Proxy Group recommends a vote in accordance with the Guidelines, or the recommendation of the Agent, where applicable, it shall instruct the Proxy Administrator to so advise the Agent.
If the Proxy Group recommends a vote contrary to the Guidelines, or the recommendation of the Agent, where applicable, or if the proxy statement relates to a conflicted company of the Agent, as determined by the Advisers, it shall follow the procedures for such voting outlined below.
The Proxy Administrator shall use best efforts to convene the Proxy Group with respect to all matters requiring its consideration. In the event the Proxy Group cannot meet in a timely manner in connection with a voting deadline, the Proxy Administrator shall follow the procedures for such voting outlined below.
IV. Proxy Voting Guidelines (Guidelines)
A. General Policies
It shall generally be the policy of the Advisers to take no action on a proxy for which no client holds a position or otherwise maintains an economic interest in the relevant security at the time the vote is to be cast.
In all cases except those highlighted below, it shall generally be the policy of the Advisers to vote in accordance with the recommendation by the Agent, Institutional Shareholder Services Inc.
When a fund client participates in the lending of its securities and the securities are on loan at the record date, proxies related to such securities generally will not be forwarded to the relevant Adviser by the funds custodian and therefore will not be voted. In the event that the Adviser determines that the matters involved would have a material effect on the applicable funds investment in the loaned securities, the fund will exercise its best efforts to terminate the loan in time to be able to cast such vote or exercise such consent.
Interpretation and application of these Guidelines is not intended to supersede any law, regulation, binding agreement or other legal requirement to which an issuer may be or become subject. The Guidelines relate to the types of proposals that are most frequently presented in proxy statements to shareholders. Absent unusual circumstances, each Adviser will utilize these Guidelines when voting proxies on behalf of its clients. The Guidelines may be revised at any time, provided such revisions are reported to the Boards of Trustees of the Eaton Vance Funds.
B. Proposals Regarding Mergers and Corporate Restructurings
The Agent shall be directed to refer proxy proposals accompanied by its written analysis and voting recommendation to the Proxy Administrator for all proposals relating to Mergers and Corporate Restructurings.
C. Proposals Regarding Mutual Fund Proxies Disposition of Assets/Termination/Liquidation and Mergers
The Agent shall be directed to refer proxy proposals accompanied by its written analysis and voting recommendation to the Proxy Administrator for all proposals relating to the Disposition of Assets/Termination/Liquidation and Mergers contained in mutual fund proxies.
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D. Corporate Structure Matters/Anti-Takeover Defenses
As a general matter, the Advisers will normally vote against anti-takeover measures and other proposals designed to limit the ability of shareholders to act on possible transactions (except in the case of closed-end management investment companies).
E. Social and Environmental Issues
The Advisers generally support management on social and environmental proposals.
F. Voting Procedures
Upon receipt of a referral from the Agent or upon advice from an Eaton Vance investment professional, the Proxy Administrator may solicit additional research from the Agent, as well as from any other source or service.
1
WITHIN-GUIDELINES VOTES: Votes in Accordance with the Guidelines and/or, where applicable, Agent Recommendation
In the event the Proxy Administrator recommends a vote within Guidelines and/or, where applicable, in accordance with the Agents recommendation, the Proxy Administrator will instruct the Agent to vote in this manner.
2
NON-VOTES: Votes in Which No Action is Taken
The Proxy Administrator may recommend that a client refrain from voting under the following circumstances: (i) if the economic effect on shareholders interests or the value of the portfolio holding is indeterminable or insignificant, e.g., proxies in connection with securities no longer held in the portfolio of a client or proxies being considered on behalf of a client that is no longer in existence; or (ii) if the cost of voting a proxy outweighs the benefits, e.g., certain international proxies, particularly in cases in which share blocking practices may impose trading restrictions on the relevant portfolio security. In such instances, the Proxy Administrator may instruct the Agent not to vote such proxy.
Reasonable efforts shall be made to secure and vote all other proxies for the clients, but, particularly in markets in which shareholders rights are limited, Non-Votes may also occur in connection with a clients related inability to timely access ballots or other proxy information in connection with its portfolio securities.
Non-Votes may also result in certain cases in which the Agents recommendation has been deemed to be conflicted, as provided for herein.
3
OUT-OF-GUIDELINES VOTES: Votes Contrary to Guidelines, or Agent Recommendation, where applicable, Where No Recommendation is Provided by Agent, or Where Agents Recommendation is Conflicted
If the Proxy Administrator recommends that a client vote contrary to the Guidelines, or the recommendation of the Agent, where applicable, if the Agent has made no recommendation on a matter requiring case-by-case consideration and the Guidelines are silent, or the Agents recommendation on a matter requiring case-by-case consideration is deemed to be conflicted, the Proxy Administrator will forward the Agents analysis and recommendation and any research obtained from the Agent or any other source to the Proxy Group. The Proxy Group may consult with the Agent as it deems necessary. The Proxy Administrator will instruct the Agent to vote the proxy as recommended by the Proxy Group. The Adviser will provide a report to the Boards of Trustees of the Eaton Vance Funds reflecting any votes cast contrary to the Guidelines or Agent Recommendation, as applicable, and shall do so no less than annually.
The Proxy Administrator will maintain a record of all proxy questions that have been referred by the Agent, all applicable recommendations, analysis and research received and any resolution of the matter.
V. Recordkeeping
The Advisers will maintain records relating to the proxies they vote on behalf of their clients in accordance with Section 204-2 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. Those records will include:
A copy of the Advisers proxy voting policies and procedures;
Proxy statements received regarding client securities. Such proxy statements received from issuers are either in the SECs EDGAR database or are kept by the Agent and are available upon request;
A record of each vote cast;
A copy of any document created by the Advisers that was material to making a decision on how to vote a proxy for a client or that memorializes the basis for such a decision; and
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Each written client request for proxy voting records and the Advisers written response to any client request (whether written or oral) for such records.
All records described above will be maintained in an easily accessible place for five years and will be maintained in the offices of the Advisers or their Agent for two years after they are created.
VI. Assessment of Agent and Identification and Resolution of Conflicts with Clients
A. Assessment of Agent
The Advisers shall establish that the Agent (i) is independent from the Advisers, (ii) has resources that indicate it can competently provide analysis of proxy issues, and (iii) can make recommendations in an impartial manner and in the best interests of the clients and, where applicable, their beneficial owners. The Advisers shall utilize, and the Agent shall comply with, such methods for establishing the foregoing as the Advisers may deem reasonably appropriate and shall do so not less than annually as well as prior to engaging the services of any new proxy voting service. The Agent shall also notify the Advisers in writing within fifteen (15) calendar days of any material change to information previously provided to an Adviser in connection with establishing the Agents independence, competence or impartiality.
B. Conflicts of Interest
As fiduciaries to their clients, each Adviser puts the interests of its clients ahead of its own. In order to ensure that relevant personnel of the Advisers are able to identify potential material conflicts of interest, each Adviser will take the following steps:
Quarterly, the Eaton Vance Legal and Compliance Department will seek information from the department heads of each department of the Advisers and of Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. (EVD) (an affiliate of the Advisers and principal underwriter of certain Eaton Vance Funds). Each department head will be asked to provide a list of significant clients or prospective clients of the Advisers or EVD.
A representative of the Legal and Compliance Department will compile a list of the companies identified (the Conflicted Companies) and provide that list to the Proxy Administrator.
The Proxy Administrator will compare the list of Conflicted Companies with the names of companies for which he or she has been referred a proxy statement (the Proxy Companies). If a Conflicted Company is also a Proxy Company, the Proxy Administrator will report that fact to the Proxy Group.
If the Proxy Administrator expects to instruct the Agent to vote the proxy of the Conflicted Company strictly according to the Guidelines contained in these Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures (the Policies) or the recommendation of the Agent, as applicable, he or she will (i) inform the Proxy Group of that fact, (ii) instruct the Agent to vote the proxies and (iii) record the existence of the material conflict and the resolution of the matter.
If the Proxy Administrator intends to instruct the Agent to vote in a manner inconsistent with the Guidelines contained herein or the recommendation of the Agent, as applicable, the Proxy Group, in consultation with Eaton Vance senior management, will then determine if a material conflict of interest exists between the relevant Adviser and its clients. If the Proxy Group, in consultation with Eaton Vance senior management, determines that a material conflict exists, prior to instructing the Agent to vote any proxies relating to these Conflicted Companies the Adviser will seek instruction on how the proxy should be voted from:
The client, in the case of an individual or corporate client;
In the case of a Fund, its board of directors, any committee or sub-committee or group of Independent Trustees (as long as such committee, sub-committee or group contains at least two or more Independent Trustees); or
The adviser, in situations where the Adviser acts as a sub-adviser to such adviser.
The Adviser will provide all reasonable assistance to each party to enable such party to make an informed decision.
If the client, Fund board or adviser, as the case may be, fails to instruct the Adviser on how to vote the proxy, the Adviser will generally instruct the Agent, through the Proxy Administrator, to abstain from voting in order to avoid the appearance of impropriety. If however, the failure of the Adviser to vote its clients proxies would have a material adverse economic impact on the Advisers clients securities holdings in the Conflicted Company, the Adviser may instruct the Agent, through the Proxy Administrator, to vote such proxies in order to protect its clients interests. In either case, the Proxy Administrator will record the existence of the material conflict and the resolution of the matter.
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The Advisers shall also identify and address conflicts that may arise from time to time concerning the Agent. Upon the Advisers request, which shall be not less than annually, and within fifteen (15) calendar days of any material change to such information previously provided to an Adviser, the Agent shall provide the Advisers with such information as the Advisers deem reasonable and appropriate for use in determining material relationships of the Agent that may pose a conflict of interest with respect to the Agents proxy analysis or recommendations. Such information shall include, but is not limited to, a monthly report from the Agent detailing the Agents Corporate Securities Division clients and related revenue data. The Advisers shall review such information on a monthly basis. The Proxy Administrator shall instruct the Agent to refer any proxies for which a material conflict of the Agent is deemed to be present to the Proxy Administrator. Any such proxy referred by the Agent shall be referred to the Proxy Group for consideration accompanied by the Agents written analysis and voting recommendation. The Proxy Administrator will instruct the Agent to vote the proxy as recommended by the Proxy Group.
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PART C - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 28. Exhibits (with inapplicable items omitted)
|
(a) |
(1) |
|
Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust dated September 27, 1993, filed as Exhibit (1)(a) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 42 filed July 17, 1995 and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(2) |
|
Amendment to the Declaration of Trust dated June 23, 1997 filed as Exhibit (1)(b) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 48 filed October 10, 1997 (Accession No. 0000950156-97-000868) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(3) |
|
Amendment dated August 11, 2008 to the Declaration of Trust filed as Exhibit (a)(1)(3) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 90 filed August 28, 2008 (Accession No. 0000940394-08-001208) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(4) |
|
Amendment to Declaration of Trust dated November 14, 2011 filed as Exhibit (a)(4) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 117 filed February 27, 2012 (Accession No. 0000940394-12-000158) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(5) |
|
Amended and Restated Establishment and Designation of Series of Shares of Beneficial Interest, Without Par Value, as amended and restated dated April 23, 2014 filed herewith. |
|
(b) |
|
|
Amended and Restated By-Laws of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust adopted April 23, 2012 filed as Exhibit (b) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 123 filed September 27, 2012 (Accession No. 0000940394-12-000998) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(c) |
|
|
Reference is made to Item 28(a) and 28(b) above. |
|
(d) |
(1) |
(a) |
Investment Advisory Agreement between Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust, on behalf of Eaton Vance Small-Cap Value Fund, and Boston Management and Research dated April 13, 2004 filed as Exhibit (d)(3) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 70 filed April 28, 2004 (Accession No. 0000940394-04-000434) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
(b) |
Fee Reduction Agreement dated March 1, 2014 between Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust on behalf of Eaton Vance Small-Cap Value Fund and Eaton Vance Management filed as Exhibit (d)(1)(b) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 134 filed February 26, 2014 (Accession No. 0000940394-14-000268) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(2) |
|
Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between Boston Management and Research and Fox Asset Management LLC for Eaton Vance Small-Cap Value Fund dated April 13, 2004 filed as Exhibit (d)(4) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 70 filed April 28, 2004 and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(3) |
|
Investment Advisory Agreement between Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust, on behalf of Eaton Vance Real Estate Fund, and Eaton Vance Management dated February 13, 2006 filed as Exhibit (d)(5) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 75 filed February 14, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(4) |
(a) |
Investment Advisory Agreement between Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust, on behalf of Eaton Vance Risk-Managed Equity Option Income Fund (now Eaton Vance Risk-Managed Equity Option Fund), and Eaton Vance Management dated February 11, 2008 filed as Exhibit (d)(10) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 87 filed February 28, 2008 (Accession No. 0000940394-08-000203) and incorporated herein by reference. |
C-1
|
|
|
(b) |
Fee Reduction Agreement dated June 16, 2008 between Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust on behalf of Eaton Vance Risk-Managed Equity Option Income Fund (now Eaton Vance Risk-Managed Equity Option Fund) and Eaton Vance Management filed as Exhibit (a)(10)(b) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 90 filed August 28, 2008 (Accession No. 0000940394-08-001208) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(5) |
(a) |
Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between Eaton Vance Management and Parametric Risk Advisors LLC for Eaton Vance Risk-Managed Equity Option Income Fund (now Eaton Vance Risk-Managed Equity Option Fund) dated February 11, 2008 filed as Exhibit (d)(11) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 89 filed April 25, 2008 (Accession No. 0000940394-08-000678) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
(b) |
Fee Reduction Agreement dated June 16, 2008 between Eaton Vance Management and Parametric Risk Advisors LLC for Eaton Vance Risk-Managed Equity Option Income Fund (now Eaton Vance Risk-Managed Equity Option Fund) filed as Exhibit (d)(11)(b) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 90 filed August 28, 2008 (Accession No. 0000940394-08-001208) and incorporated herein by reference. |
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(6) |
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Investment Advisory and Administrative Services Agreement between Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust, on behalf of Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund, and Eaton Vance Management dated April 7, 2010 filed as Exhibit (d)(12) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 105 filed April 29, 2010 (Accession No. 0000940394-10-000423) and incorporated herein by reference. |
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(7) |
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Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between Eaton Vance Management and Armored Wolf, LLC relating to Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund dated April 7, 2010 filed as Exhibit (d)(13) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 105 filed April 29, 2010 (Accession No. 0000940394-10-000423) and incorporated herein by reference. |
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(8) |
(a) |
Investment Advisory Agreement between Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust, on behalf of Eaton Vance Short Term Real Return Fund (now Eaton Vance Short Duration Real Return Fund), and Eaton Vance Management dated March 30, 2010 filed as Exhibit (d)(14) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 7, 2010 (Accession No. 0000940394-10-000357) and incorporated herein by reference. |
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(b) |
Fee Reduction Agreement dated August 12, 2013 between Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust on behalf of Eaton Vance Short Term Real Return Fund (now Eaton Vance Short Duration Real Return Fund) and Eaton Vance Management filed as Exhibit (d)(8)(b) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 134 filed February 26, 2014 (Accession No. 0000940394-14-000268) and incorporated herein by reference. |
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(9) |
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Investment Advisory and Administrative Agreement between Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust, on behalf of Eaton Vance Option Absolute Return Strategy Fund (now Parametric Absolute Return Fund), and Eaton Vance Management dated August 9, 2010 filed as Exhibit (d)(15) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 108 filed September 27, 2010 (Accession No. 0000940394-10-001000) and incorporated herein by reference. |
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(10) |
|
Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust, on behalf of Eaton Vance Option Absolute Return Strategy Fund (now Parametric Absolute Return Fund), and Parametric Risk Advisors LLC dated August 9, 2010 filed as Exhibit (d)(16) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 108 filed September 27, 2010 (Accession No. 0000940394-10-001000) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
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(11) |
|
Investment Advisory Agreement between Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust, on behalf of Eaton Vance Small-Cap Fund, and Boston Management and Research dated April 30, 2012 filed as Exhibit (d)(17) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 121 filed April 26, 2012 (Accession No. 0000940394-12-000429) and incorporated herein by reference. |
C-2
|
|
(12) |
|
Investment Advisory Agreement between Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust, on behalf of Eaton Vance Special Equities Fund, and Boston Management and Research dated April 30, 2012 filed as Exhibit (d)(18) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 121 filed April 26, 2012 (Accession No. 0000940394-12-000429) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(13) |
|
Investment Advisory and Administrative Agreement between Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust, on behalf of Eaton Vance Bond Fund, and Eaton Vance Management dated January 31, 2013 filed as Exhibit (d)(14) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 126 filed January 29, 2013 (Accession No. 0000940394-13-000205) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(e) |
(1) |
|
Amended and Restated Master Distribution Agreement effective as of May 1, 2014 between each Trust identified on Schedule A on behalf of each of its series listed on Schedule A, and Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. filed herewith. |
|
|
(2) |
|
Selling Group Agreement between Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. and Authorized Dealers filed as Exhibit (e)(2) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 85 filed April 26, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(f) |
|
|
The Securities and Exchange Commission has granted the Registrant an exemptive order that permits the Registrant to enter into deferred compensation arrangements with its independent Trustees. See in the Matter of Capital Exchange Fund, Inc., Release No. IC-20671 (November 1, 1994). |
|
(g) |
(1) |
|
Amended and Restated Master Custodian Agreement between Eaton Vance Funds and State Street Bank & Trust Company dated September 1, 2013 filed as Exhibit (g)(1) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 211 of Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust (File Nos. 002-90946, 811-04015) filed September 24, 2013 (Accession No. 0000940394-13-001073) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(2) |
|
Amended and Restated Services Agreement with State Street Bank & Trust Company dated September 1, 2010 filed as Exhibit (g)(2) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 108 filed September 27, 2010 (Accession No. 0000940394-10-001000) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(3) |
|
Amendment Number 1 to Amended and Restated Services Agreement with State Street Bank & Trust Company dated September 1, 2010 filed as Exhibit (g)(3) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 39 of Eaton Vance Municipals Trust II (File Nos. 033-71320, 811-08134) filed May 29, 2012 (Accession No. 0000940394-12-000641) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(4) |
|
Amendment dated September 1, 2013 to Amended and Restated Services Agreement with State Street Bank & Trust Company dated September 1, 2010 filed as Exhibit (g)(4) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 211 of Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust (File Nos. 002-90946, 811-04015) filed September 24, 2013 (Accession No. 0000940394-13-001073) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(h) |
(1) |
|
Amended and Restated Administrative Services Agreement between Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (on behalf of each of its series listed on Appendix A) and Eaton Vance Management dated June 11, 2012 filed as Exhibit (h)(3) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 123 filed September 27, 2012 (Accession No. 0000940394-12-000998) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(2) |
(a) |
Transfer Agency and Shareholder Services Agreement effective September 1, 2011 filed as Exhibit (h)(4) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 121 of Eaton Vance Growth Trust (File Nos. 02-22019, 811-1241) filed September 29, 2011 (Accession No. 0000940394-11-001076) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
(b) |
Amendment dated January 1, 2014 to Transfer Agency and Shareholder Services Agreement effective September 1, 2011 filed as Exhibit (h)(2)(b) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 159 of Eaton Vance Growth Trust (File Nos. 002-22019, 811-01241) filed January 27, 2014 (Accession No. 0000940394-14-000132) and incorporated herein by reference. |
C-3
|
|
(3) |
|
Sub-Transfer Agency Support Services Agreement effective January 1, 2014 between BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. and Eaton Vance Management filed as Exhibit (h)(3) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 159 of Eaton Vance Growth Trust (File Nos. 002-22019, 811-01241) filed January 27, 2014 (Accession No. 0000940394-14-000132) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(4) |
|
Fee Reduction Agreement dated October 15, 2007 between Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust on behalf of Eaton Vance Balanced Fund and Eaton Vance Management filed as Exhibit (h)(9) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 86 filed December 14, 2007 (Accession No. 0000940394-07-002080) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(5) |
(a) |
Expense Waivers/Reimbursements Agreement between Eaton Vance Management and each of the entities (on behalf of certain of their series) listed on Schedule A dated October 31, 2012 filed as Exhibit (h)(4) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 63 of Eaton Vance Investment Trust (File Nos. 033-01121, 811-04443) filed July 26, 2013 (Accession No. 0000940394-13-000938) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
(b) |
Amended Schedule A dated April 30, 2014 to the Expense Waivers/Reimbursements Agreement dated October 31, 2012 filed herewith. |
|
(i) |
(1) |
|
Opinion of Internal Counsel dated January 29, 2013 filed as Exhibit (i) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 126 filed January 29, 2013 (Accession No. 0000940394-13-000205) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(2) |
|
Consent of Internal Counsel dated April 28, 2014 filed herewith. |
|
(j) |
(1) |
|
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for Eaton Vance Balanced Fund, Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund, Eaton Vance Dividend Builder Fund, Eaton Vance Greater India Fund, Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund, Eaton Vance Large-Cap Growth Fund, Eaton Vance Large-Cap Value Fund, Eaton Vance Real Estate Fund, Eaton Vance Small-Cap Fund, Eaton Vance Small-Cap Value Fund, Eaton Vance Special Equities Fund, Parametric Absolute Return Fund and any corresponding Portfolios dated April 28, 2014 filed herewith. |
|
|
(2) |
|
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm dated April 28, 2014 for certain series of Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust which are included in this Post-Effective Amendment filed herewith. |
|
(m) |
(1) |
(a) |
Master Distribution Plan for Class A, Advisers Class and Investor Class shares adopted May 1, 2013 on behalf of each Trust and their respective series listed on Schedule A filed as Exhibit (m)(1) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 41 of Eaton Vance Municipals Trust II (File Nos. 033-71320, 811-08134) filed May 30, 2013 (Accession No. 0000940394-13-000754) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
|
(b) |
Amended Schedule A dated March 25, 2014 to Master Distribution Plan for Class A, Advisers Class and Investor Class shares adopted May 1, 2013 filed as Exhibit (e)(1)(b) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 220 of Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust (File Nos. 002-90946, 811-04015) filed March 25, 2014 (Accession No. 0000940394-14-000526) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(2) |
|
Master Distribution Plan for Class B shares adopted May 1, 2013 on behalf of each Trust and their respective series listed on Schedule A filed as Exhibit (m)(2) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 41 of Eaton Vance Municipals Trust II (File Nos. 033-71320, 811-08134) filed May 30, 2013 (Accession No. 0000940394-13-000754) and incorporated herein by reference. |
|
|
(3) |
(a) |
Master Distribution Plan for Class C shares adopted May 1, 2013 on behalf of each Trust and their respective series listed on Schedule A filed as Exhibit (m)(3) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 41 of Eaton Vance Municipals Trust II (File Nos. 033-71320, 811-08134) filed May 30, 2013 (Accession No. 0000940394-13-000754) and incorporated herein by reference. |
C-4
Item 29. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control
Not applicable
Item 30. Indemnification
Article IV of the Registrant ’ s Declaration of Trust permits Trustee and officer indemnification by By-Law, contract and vote. Article XI of the By-Laws contains indemnification provisions. Registrants Trustees and officers are insured under a standard mutual fund errors and omissions insurance policy covering loss incurred by reason of negligent errors and omissions committed in their capacities as such.
The distribution agreement of the Registrant also provides for reciprocal indemnity of the principal underwriter, on the one hand, and the Trustees and officers, on the other.
Item 31. Business and other Connections of Investment Advisers
C-5
Reference is made to: (i) the information set forth under the caption “ Management and Organization ” in the Statement of Additional Information; (ii) the Eaton Vance Corp. Form 10-K filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (File No. 1-8100); and (iii) the Form ADV of Eaton Vance Management (File No. 801-15930), Boston Management and Research (File No. 801-43127), BMO Global Asset Management (Asia) Limited (formerly Lloyd George management (Hong Kong) Limited) (File No. 801-40890), Parametric Risk Advisors LLC (File No. 801-67738) and Armored Wolf, LLC (File No. 801-70152) filed with the Commission, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Item 32. Principal Underwriters
|
(a) |
Registrant ’ s principal underwriter, Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Eaton Vance Corp., is the principal underwriter for each of the registered investment companies named below: |
C-6
Rob Curtis |
Vice President |
None |
||
Russell E. Curtis |
Vice President and Chief Operations Officer |
None |
||
Kevin Dachille |
Vice President |
None |
||
Kevin Darrow |
Vice President |
None |
||
Barry Deans |
Vice President |
None |
||
Derek Devine |
Vice President |
None |
||
Todd Dickinson |
Vice President |
None |
||
Brian Dunkley |
Vice President |
None |
||
James Durocher |
Senior Vice President |
None |
||
Margaret Egan |
Vice President |
None |
||
Robert Ellerbeck |
Vice President |
None |
||
Daniel Ethier |
Vice President |
None |
||
Troy Evans |
Vice President |
None |
||
Lawrence L. Fahey |
Vice President |
None |
||
Thomas E. Faust Jr. |
Director |
Trustee |
||
Scott Firth |
Vice President |
None |
||
James Foley |
Vice President |
None |
||
J. Timothy Ford |
Vice President |
None |
||
Kathleen Fryer |
Vice President |
None |
||
Jonathan Futterman |
Vice President |
None |
||
Anne Marie Gallagher |
Vice President |
None |
||
Sheri Gilchrist |
Vice President |
None |
||
Hugh S. Gilmartin |
Vice President |
None |
||
Charles Glovsky |
Vice President |
None |
||
Bradford Godfrey |
Vice President |
None |
||
David Gordon |
Vice President |
None |
||
John Greenway |
Vice President |
None |
||
Peter Hartman |
Vice President |
None |
||
Steven Heck |
Vice President |
None |
||
Richard Hein |
Vice President |
None |
||
Joseph Hernandez |
Vice President |
None |
||
Dori Hetrick |
Vice President |
None |
||
Toebe Hinckle |
Vice President |
None |
||
Suzanne Hingel |
Vice President |
None |
||
Perry D. Hooker |
Vice President |
None |
||
Christian Howe |
Vice President |
None |
||
Laurie G. Hylton |
Director |
None |
||
Jonathan Isaac |
Vice President |
None |
C-7
Adrian Jackson |
Vice President |
None |
||
Elizabeth Johnson |
Vice President |
None |
||
Steve Jones |
Vice President |
None |
||
Sean Kelly |
Senior Vice President |
None |
||
William Kennedy |
Vice President |
None |
||
Joseph Kosciuszek |
Vice President |
None |
||
Kathleen Krivelow |
Vice President |
None |
||
David Lefcourt |
Vice President |
None |
||
Benjamin LeFevre |
Vice President |
None |
||
Andrew Leimenstoll |
Vice President |
None |
||
Vince Leon |
Vice President |
None |
||
Paul Leonardo |
Vice President |
None |
||
Lauren Loehning |
Vice President |
None |
||
John Loy |
Vice President |
None |
||
Coleen Lynch |
Vice President |
None |
||
John Macejka |
Vice President |
None |
||
Christopher Marek |
Vice President |
None |
||
Frederick S. Marius |
Vice President, Secretary, Clerk and Chief Legal Officer |
None |
||
Geoff Marshall |
Vice President |
None |
||
Christopher Mason |
Vice President |
None |
||
Daniel J. McCarthy |
Vice President |
None |
||
Don McCaughey |
Vice President |
None |
||
Andy McClelland |
Vice President |
None |
||
Dave McDonald |
Vice President |
None |
||
Tim McEwen |
Vice President |
None |
||
Ian McGinn |
Vice President |
None |
||
Shannon McHugh-Price |
Vice President |
None |
||
David Michaud |
Vice President |
None |
||
Mark Milan |
Vice President |
None |
||
John Moninger |
Senior Vice President |
None |
||
Matthew Navins |
Vice President |
None |
||
Tyler Neenan |
Vice President |
None |
||
Mark D. Nelson |
Vice President |
None |
||
Paul Nicely |
Vice President |
None |
||
Andrew Ogren |
Vice President |
None |
||
David Oliveri |
Vice President |
None |
||
Philip Pace |
Vice President |
None |
||
Greg Piaseckyj |
Vice President |
None |
C-8
Steve Pietricola |
Vice President |
None |
||
John Pumphrey |
Vice President |
None |
||
James Putman |
Vice President |
None |
||
Henry Rehberg |
Vice President |
None |
||
Christopher Remington |
Vice President |
None |
||
David Richman |
Vice President |
None |
||
Christopher Rohan |
Vice President |
None |
||
Kevin Rookey |
Vice President |
None |
||
John Santoro |
Vice President |
None |
||
Rocco Scanniello |
Vice President |
None |
||
Michael Shea |
Vice President |
None |
||
Alan Simeon |
Vice President |
None |
||
Randy Skarda |
Vice President |
None |
||
Jamie Smoller |
Vice President |
None |
||
Ralph Studley |
Vice President |
None |
||
Elaine Sullivan |
Vice President |
None |
||
Chris Sunderland |
Vice President |
None |
||
Frank Sweeney |
Vice President |
None |
||
Gigi Szekely |
Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer |
None |
||
Brian Taranto |
Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer |
None |
||
Stefan Thielen |
Vice President |
None |
||
Robyn Tice |
Vice President |
None |
||
John M. Trotsky |
Vice President |
None |
||
Geoffrey Underwood |
Vice President |
None |
||
Randolph Verzillo |
Vice President |
None |
||
Greg Walsh |
Vice President |
None |
||
Stan Weiland |
Vice President |
None |
||
Collin Weir |
Vice President |
None |
||
Scott Weisel |
Vice President |
None |
||
Greg Whitehead |
Vice President |
None |
||
Steve Widder |
Vice President |
None |
||
Matthew J. Witkos |
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director |
None |
||
John Young |
Vice President |
None |
||
Trey Young |
Vice President |
None |
||
Gregor Yuska |
Vice President |
None |
||
David Zigas |
Vice President |
None |
||
|
|
|
C-9
* Address is Two International Place, Boston, MA 02110 |
||||
|
||||
|
(c) |
Not applicable |
Item 33. Location of Accounts and Records
All applicable accounts, books and documents required to be maintained by the Registrant by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the Rules promulgated thereunder are in the possession and custody of the Registrants custodian, State Street Bank and Trust Company, 200 Clarendon Street, 16th Floor, Mail Code ADM27, Boston, MA 02116, and its transfer agent, BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc., 4400 Computer Drive, Westborough, MA 01581-5120, with the exception of certain corporate documents and portfolio trading documents which are in the possession and custody of the administrator and investment adviser or sub-adviser. Registrant is informed that all applicable accounts, books and documents required to be maintained by registered investment advisers are in the custody and possession of Eaton Vance Management and Boston Management and Research, both located at Two International Place, Boston, MA 02110, BMO Global Asset Management (Asia) Limited (formerly Lloyd George Investment Management (Hong Kong) Limited), located at Suite 3808, One Exchange Square Central, Hong Kong, Parametric Risk Advisors, LLC located at 518 Riverside Avenue, Westport, CT 06880 and Armored Wolf, LLC located at Lakeshore Tower 111, 18111 Von Karman Avenue, Suite #525, Irvine, CA 92612.
Item 34. Management Services
Not applicable
Item 35. Undertakings
The Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund (the “ Fund ” ) and its wholly-owned subsidiary Eaton Vance CSF Commodity Subsidiary, Ltd. (the Subsidiary) undertake that the Subsidiary's books and records will be subject to inspection by the Commission to the same extent as the Fund's books and records are subject to inspection by the Commission.
C-10
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for effectiveness of this Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 485(b) under the Securities Act of 1933 and has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment to its Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of Boston, and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, on April 28, 2014.
|
|
|
|
EATON VANCE SPECIAL INVESTMENT TRUST |
|
|
|
|
By: |
/s/ Payson F. Swaffield |
|
|
Payson F. Swaffield, President |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities indicated on April 28, 2014.
Signature |
Title |
||||
|
|
||||
/s/ Payson F. Swaffield |
President (Chief Executive Officer) |
||||
Payson F. Swaffield |
|
||||
|
|
||||
/s/ James F. Kirchner |
Treasurer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
||||
James F. Kirchner |
|
||||
Signature |
Title |
Signature |
Title |
||
|
|
|
|
||
Scott E. Eston* |
Trustee |
Ronald A. Pearlman* |
Trustee |
||
Scott E. Eston |
|
Ronald A. Pearlman |
|
||
|
|
|
|
||
Thomas E. Faust Jr.* |
Trustee |
Helen Frame Peters* |
Trustee |
||
Thomas E. Faust Jr. |
|
Helen Frame Peters |
|
||
|
|
|
|
||
Allen R. Freedman* |
Trustee |
Harriett Tee Taggart* |
Trustee |
||
Allen R. Freedman |
|
Harriett Tee Taggart |
|
||
|
|
|
|
||
Valerie A. Mosley* |
Trustee |
Ralph F. Verni* |
Trustee |
||
Valerie A. Mosley |
|
Ralph F. Verni |
|
||
|
|
|
|
||
William H. Park* |
Trustee |
|
|
||
William H. Park |
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
||
*By: |
/s/ Maureen A. Gemma |
|
|||
|
Maureen A. Gemma (As attorney-in-fact) |
|
C-11
SIGNATURES
Dividend Builder Portfolio has duly caused this Amendment to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (File No. 002-27962) to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of Boston and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts on April 28, 2014.
|
DIVIDEND BUILDER PORTFOLIO |
|
|
By: |
/s/ Charles B. Gaffney |
|
|
Charles B. Gaffney, President |
This Amendment to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (File No. 002-27962) has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities indicated on April 28, 2014.
C-12
SIGNATURES
Greater India Portfolio has duly caused this Amendment to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (File No. 002-27962) to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of Boston and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts on April 28, 2014.
|
GREATER INDIA PORTFOLIO |
|
|
By: |
Christopher Darling* |
|
|
Christopher Darling, President |
This Amendment to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (File No. 002-27962) has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities indicated on April 28, 2014.
C-13
SIGNATURES
Investment Grade Income Portfolio has duly caused this Amendment to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (File No. 002-27962) to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of Boston and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts on April 28, 2014.
|
INVESTMENT GRADE INCOME PORTFOLIO |
|
|
By: |
/s/ Thomas H. Luster |
|
|
Thomas H. Luster, President |
This Amendment to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (File No. 002-27962) has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities indicated on April 28, 2014.
C-14
SIGNATURES
Large-Cap Core Research Portfolio has duly caused this Amendment to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (File No. 002-27962) to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of Boston and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts on April 28, 2014.
|
LARGE-CAP CORE RESEARCH PORTFOLIO |
|
|
By: |
/s/ Charles B. Gaffney |
|
|
Charles B. Gaffney, President |
This Amendment to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (File No. 002-27962) has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities indicated on April 28, 2014.
C-15
SIGNATURES
Large-Cap Growth Portfolio has duly caused this Amendment to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (File No. 002-27962) to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of Boston and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts on April 28, 2014.
|
LARGE-CAP GROWTH PORTFOLIO |
|
|
By: |
/s/ Lewis R. Piantedosi |
|
|
Lewis R. Piantedosi, President |
This Amendment to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (File No. 002-27962) has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities indicated on April 28, 2014.
C-16
SIGNATURES
Large-Cap Value Portfolio has duly caused this Amendment to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (File No. 002-27962) to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of Boston and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts on April 28, 2014.
|
LARGE-CAP VALUE PORTFOLIO |
|
|
By: |
/s/ Michael R. Mach |
|
|
Michael R. Mach, President |
This Amendment to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (File No. 002-27962) has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities indicated on April 28, 2014.
C-17
EXHIBIT INDEX
The following exhibits are filed as part of this amendment to the Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 483 of Regulation C.
Exhibit No. |
Description |
(a) |
(5) |
|
Amended and Restated Establishment and Designation of Series of Shares of Beneficial Interest, Without Par Value, as amended and restated dated April 23, 2014 |
(e) |
(1) |
|
Master Distribution Agreement effective as of May 1, 2014 between each Trust identified on Schedule A on behalf of each of its series listed on Schedule A, and Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. |
(h) |
(5) |
(b) |
Amended Schedule A dated April 30, 2014 to the Expense Waivers/Reimbursements Agreement dated October 31, 2012 |
(i) |
(2) |
|
Consent of Internal Counsel dated April 28, 2014 |
(j) |
(1) |
|
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for Eaton Vance Balanced Fund, Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund, Eaton Vance Dividend Builder Fund, Eaton Vance Greater India Fund, Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund, Eaton Vance Large-Cap Growth Fund, Eaton Vance Large-Cap Value Fund, Eaton Vance Real Estate Fund, Eaton Vance Small-Cap Fund, Eaton Vance Small-Cap Value Fund, Eaton Vance Special Equities Fund, Parametric Absolute Return Fund and any corresponding Portfolios dated April 28, 2014 |
|
(2) |
|
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm dated April 28, 2014 for certain series of Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust which are included in this Post-Effective Amendment |
(n) |
|
|
Amended and Restated Multiple Class Plan for Eaton Vance Funds dated March 17, 2014 |
(q) |
(2) |
|
Power of Attorney for Greater India Portfolio dated April 1, 2014 |
C-18
EXHIBIT (a)(5)
EATON VANCE SPECIAL INVESTMENT TRUST
Amended and Restated
Establishment and Designation of Series of Shares
of Beneficial Interest, Without Par Value
The undersigned, being a duly authorized officer of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (the Trust), hereby certifies that a majority of the Trustees of the Trust have approved this amendment to the Trusts Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust (the Declaration of Trust) to establish and designate Class R6 shares of Eaton Vance Large-Cap Value Fund (the Fund), an existing series of the Trust, in accordance with the provisions of the Trusts Declaration of Trust dated September 27, 1993, as amended:
The currently existing series of the Trust and classes thereof (including the Funds Class R6 shares) are listed in Appendix A (all such series, the Funds). The relative rights and preferences of each of the Funds and each class thereof are as follows:
1.
The rights and preferences of each Fund and designated class thereof shall be as set forth in the Declaration of Trust. In addition, investment objective, investment policies, purchase price, right of redemption, dividend rights and conversion rights of each Fund and any class thereof shall be as set forth in its registration statement, as amended, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
2.
The Trustees (including any successor Trustees) shall have the right at any time and from time to time to reallocate assets and expenses or to change the designation of any Fund or class now or hereafter created, or to otherwise change the special and relative rights of any such Fund or class, and to terminate or add a Fund or class as provided in the Declaration of Trust.
3.
Any Fund may merge or consolidate with any other corporation, association, trust or other organization or may sell, lease or exchange all or substantially all of its property, including its good will, upon such terms and conditions and for such consideration when and as authorized by the Trustees; and any such merger, consolidation, sale, lease or exchange shall be deemed for all purposes to have been accomplished under and pursuant to the statutes of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The Trustees may also at any time sell and convert into money all the assets of any Fund. Upon making provision for the payment of all outstanding obligations, taxes and other liabilities, accrued or contingent, of such Fund, the Trustees shall distribute the remaining assets of such Fund ratably among the holders of the outstanding shares. Upon completion of the distribution of the remaining proceeds or the remaining assets as provided herein, the Fund shall terminate and the Trustees shall be discharged of any and all further liabilities and duties hereunder with respect to such Fund and the right, title and interest of all parties with respect to such Fund shall be canceled and discharged.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF and in accordance with the provisions of Section 8.4 of Article VIII of the Declaration of Trust, the undersigned has executed this instrument on April 23, 2014.
/s/ Maureen A. Gemma
Maureen A. Gemma
Secretary to the Trust
Appendix A
EXHIBIT (e)(1)
AMENDED AND RESTATED MASTER DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT
AMENDED and RESTATED DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT effective as of May 1, 2014 between each Trust identified on Schedule A (each referred to herein as the Trust) on behalf of each of its series listed on Schedule A (each referred to herein as the Fund), and Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc., a Massachusetts corporation (the Principal Underwriter). The Fund may offer multiple classes of shares as indicated on Schedule A (the Classes).
IN CONSIDERATION of the mutual promises and undertakings herein contained, the parties hereto agree with respect to the Fund:
1.(a)
The Trust grants to the Principal Underwriter the right to purchase all Classes of shares of the Fund upon the terms herein below set forth during the term of this Agreement.
While this Agreement is in force, the Principal Underwriter agrees to use its best efforts to obtain unconditional orders for Fund shares, provided that it may refuse to accept any such orders in its discretion as described herein.
(b)
In carrying out its duties and responsibilities hereunder, the Principal Underwriter may, pursuant to separate written contracts, appoint various financial intermediaries to find purchasers for, and to otherwise provide distribution services with respect to, Fund shares. Such intermediaries shall at all times be deemed to be independent contractors retained by the Principal Underwriter and not by the Trust.
(c)
The Principal Underwriter shall have the right to buy from the Fund the shares needed, but not more than the shares needed (except for clerical errors and errors of transmission), to fill unconditional orders for shares of the Fund placed with the Principal Underwriter by financial intermediaries or investors in the manner set forth in the current Summary Prospectus, Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information (together, Prospectus) relating to shares of the Fund. The Principal Underwriter shall notify the Fund custodian (Custodian) and transfer agent (Transfer Agent), at the end of each business day, or as soon thereafter as the orders placed with it have been compiled, of the number of shares and the prices thereof which the Principal Underwriter is to purchase as principal for resale. The Principal Underwriter shall take down and pay for shares ordered from the Fund before the fourth business day after the shares have been so ordered.
(d)
The right granted to the Principal Underwriter to buy shares from the Fund shall be exclusive, except that said exclusive right shall not apply to: (i) shares issued in connection with the merger or consolidation of any other investment company or personal holding company with the Fund; (ii) the acquisition by purchase or otherwise of all (or substantially all) the assets or the outstanding shares of any such company by the Fund; or (iii) shares, if any, issued by the Fund in connection with the reinvestment of Fund distributions at the option of Fund shareholders.
(e)
The Principal Underwriter covenants and agrees that, in selling the shares of the Fund, it will use its best efforts in all respects to conform with the requirements of all state and federal laws relating to the sale of such shares and with applicable rules and regulations of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (FINRA), of which it is a member.
2.
Fund shares may be resold by the Principal Underwriter to or through financial intermediaries and to investors, upon the following terms and conditions:
(a)
The public offering price of Fund shares (the "offering price") shall be the net asset value per share plus a sales charge, if any. Any such sales charge shall be established by the Principal Underwriter and disclosed in the Prospectus. The Principal Underwriter may establish a schedule of contingent deferred sales charges to be imposed at the time of redemption of certain shares and such schedule of contingent deferred sales charges shall be disclosed in the Prospectus. The sales charges and schedule of contingent deferred sales charges applicable to a Class may reflect scheduled variations in, the elimination of, or waivers of sales charges on sales of or redemptions of Shares in accordance with applicable rules and regulations, exemptive relief granted by the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") and other relevant guidance.
(b)
The Principal Underwriter may pay to financial intermediaries through whom shares are sold such commissions or other payments as the Principal Underwriter may specify from time to time. Payment of any such sales charge or other payments shall be the sole obligation of the Principal Underwriter unless otherwise agreed to by the Trust.
(c)
The net asset value of shares of each Class of the Fund shall be determined by the Custodian as of the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (the Exchange) on each business day on which said Exchange is open, or as of such other time on each such business day as may be determined by the Trustees of the Trust, in accordance with the methodology and procedures for calculating such net asset value authorized by the Trustees. The Trust may also cause the net asset value to be determined in substantially the same manner or estimated in such manner and as of such other time or times as may from time to time be agreed upon by the Trust and Principal Underwriter. The Trust will notify the Principal Underwriter each time the net asset value of a Class of shares is determined and when such value is so determined it shall be applicable to transactions as set forth in the current Prospectus relating to Fund shares.
(d)
No Class of shares of the Fund shall be sold by the Fund during any period when the determination of that Classs net asset value is suspended, except to the Principal Underwriter in the manner and upon the terms above set forth to cover shares sold by the Principal Underwriter prior to any such suspension. The Trust shall also have the right to suspend the sale of any Class of shares if in the judgment of the Trust conditions obtaining at any time render such action advisable. The Principal Underwriter shall have the right to suspend sales at any time, to refuse to accept or confirm any order from an investor or financial intermediary, or to accept or confirm any such order in part only if, in the judgment of the Principal Underwriter, such action is in the best interests of the Fund.
3.
The Trust covenants and agrees that it will, from time to time, but subject to any required approval of the Funds shareholders, take such steps as may be necessary to register the Funds shares under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended from time to time (the 1933 Act), in order that there will be available for sale such number of shares as the Principal Underwriter may reasonably be expected to sell. The Trust also represents that all Fund shares, when issued, will be fully paid and non-assessable by the Trust.
4.(a)
The Trust covenants and agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Principal Underwriter and each person, if any, who controls the Principal Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act ( the EVD Control Persons) against any loss, liability, claim, damages or expense (including the reasonable cost of investigating or defending any alleged loss, liability,
2
claim, damages or expense and reasonable counsel fees incurred in connection therewith), arising by reason of any person acquiring any shares of the Fund, which may be based upon the 1933 Act or on any other statute or at common law, on the ground that the Registration Statement or Prospectus, as from time to time amended and supplemented, includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading, unless such statement or omission was made in reliance upon, and in conformity with, information furnished to the Trust in connection therewith by or on behalf of the Principal Underwriter or its affiliate, Eaton Vance Management (EVM).
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no case (i) is the indemnity of the Trust in favor of the Principal Underwriter and any EVD Control Person to be deemed to protect such Principal Underwriter or any such EVD Control Person against any liability to the Trust or the Fund or its shareholders to which such Principal Underwriter or any such EVD Control Person would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence in the performance of its duties or by reason of its reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under this Agreement, or (ii) is the Trust or the Fund to be liable under the indemnity contained in this paragraph with respect to any claim made against the Principal Underwriter or any EVD Control Person unless the Principal Underwriter or any EVD Control Person, as the case may be, shall have notified the Trust in writing within a reasonable time after the summons or other first legal process giving information of the nature of the claim shall have been served upon the Principal Underwriter or such EVD Control Person (or after such Principal Underwriter or such EVD Control Person shall have received notice of such service on any designated agent), but failure to notify the Trust of any such claim shall not relieve it from any liability which the Fund may have to the person against whom such action is brought otherwise than on account of its indemnity contained in this paragraph.
The Trust shall be entitled to participate, at the expense of the Fund, in the defense, or, if the Trust so elects, to assume the defense of any suit brought to enforce any such liability, but if the Trust elects to assume the defense, such defense shall be conducted by counsel chosen by it and satisfactory to the Principal Underwriter or EVD Control Persons, defendant or defendants in the suit. In the event the Trust elects to assume the defense of any such suit and retains such counsel, the Principal Underwriter or any EVD Control Person, defendant or defendants in the suit, shall bear the fees and expenses of any additional counsel retained by them, but, in case the Trust does not elect to assume the defense of any such suit, the Fund shall reimburse the Principal Underwriter or the EVD Control Person, defendant or defendants in the suit, for the reasonable fees and expenses of any counsel retained by them. The Trust agrees promptly to notify the Principal Underwriter of the commencement of any litigation or proceedings against it or any of its officers or Trustees in connection with the issuance or sale of any of Fund shares.
(b)
The Principal Underwriter covenants and agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Trust and each of its Trustees and officers and each person, if any, who controls the Trust within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act (Trust Control Persons), against any loss, liability, damages, claim or expense (including the reasonable cost of investigating or defending any alleged loss, liability, damages, claim or expense and reasonable counsel fees incurred in connection therewith), arising by reason of any person acquiring any shares of the Fund, which may be based upon the 1933 Act or any other statute or at common law, on account of any wrongful act of the Principal Underwriter or any of its employees (including any failure to conform with any requirement of any state or federal law relating to the sale of such shares) or on the ground that the Registration Statement or Prospectus, as from time to time amended and supplemented, includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact
3
required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading, insofar as any such statement or omission was made in reliance upon, and in conformity with information furnished to the Trust in connection therewith by or on behalf of the Principal Underwriter or EVM.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no case (i) is the indemnity of the Principal Underwriter in favor of the Trust and any Trust Control Person indemnified to be deemed to protect the Fund or any such Trust Control Person against any liability to which the Fund or any such Trust Control Person would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence in the performance of its or his duties or by reason of its or his reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under this Agreement, or (ii) is the Principal Underwriter to be liable under the indemnity contained in this paragraph with respect to any claim made against the Fund or any Trust Control Person indemnified unless the Trust or such Trust Control Person, as the case may be, shall have notified the Principal Underwriter in writing within a reasonable time after the summons or other first legal process giving information of the nature of the claim shall have been served upon the Trust, the Fund or upon such Trust Control Person (or after the Trust, the Fund or such Trust Control Person shall have received notice of such service on any designated agent), but failure to notify the Principal Underwriter of any such claim shall not relieve it from any liability which it may have to the Fund or any person against whom such action is brought otherwise than on account of its indemnity contained in this paragraph.
The Principal Underwriter shall be entitled to participate, at its own expense, in the defense, or, if it so elects, to assume the defense of any suit brought to enforce any such liability, but if the Principal Underwriter elects to assume the defense, such defense shall be conducted by counsel chosen by it and satisfactory to the Trust, or to Trust Control Persons, defendant or defendants in the suit. In the event that the Principal Underwriter elects to assume the defense of any such suit and retains such counsel, the Fund or such Trust Control Persons, defendant or defendants in the suit, shall bear the fees and expenses of any additional counsel retained by them or the Trust, but, in case the Principal Underwriter does not elect to assume the defense of any such suit, it shall reimburse the Fund, any such Trust Control Person, defendant or defendants in such suit, for the reasonable fees and expenses of any counsel retained by them or the Trust. The Principal Underwriter agrees promptly to notify the Trust of the commencement of any litigation or proceedings against it in connection with the issue and sale of any of the Funds shares.
(c)
The Principal Underwriter is not authorized by the Trust to give any information or to make any representations or to authorize any financial intermediary to give or make representations, other than those contained in or drawn from (i) the Registration Statement or Prospectus filed with the SEC under the 1933 Act (as said Registration Statement and Prospectus may be amended or supplemented from time to time) covering the shares of the Fund or (ii) other materials developed in accordance with applicable legal and regulatory requirements containing information relating to the Fund, including but not limited to materials prepared in accordance with Rule 482 under the 1933 Act and other marketing materials, such as Fund fact sheets and Fund commentaries.
(d)
All sales of Fund shares made by the Principal Underwriter shall be made by it as principal, for its own account. The Principal Underwriter is not authorized to act as agent for the Trust or the Fund in connection with the offering or sale of shares of the Fund to the public or otherwise except in connection with the repurchase of shares as provided in paragraph 6 below,
4
or in connection with exchanges between investment companies for which the Principal Underwriter (or an affiliate thereof) acts as principal underwriter.
5.(a)
The Fund will pay, or cause to be paid (by one or more classes) -
(i)
all the costs and expenses of the Fund, including fees and disbursements of its counsel, in connection with the preparation and filing of any required Registration Statement and/or Prospectus under the 1933 Act or the Investment Company Act of 1940 Act, as amended (the 1940 Act) covering its shares and all amendments and supplements thereto, and preparing, printing and mailing Prospectuses and periodic reports to shareholders (including the expense of setting up in type any such Registration Statement, Prospectus or periodic report);
(ii)
the cost of preparing temporary and permanent share certificates (if any) for shares of the Fund;
(iii)
the cost and expenses of delivering to the Principal Underwriter at its office in Boston, Massachusetts, all shares of the Fund purchased by it as principal hereunder;
(iv)
all the federal and state (if any) issue and/or transfer taxes payable upon the issue by or (in the case of treasury shares) transfer from the Fund to the Principal Underwriter of any and all shares of the Fund purchased by the Principal Underwriter hereunder;
(v)
the fees, costs and expenses of the registration or qualification of shares for sale in the various states, territories or other jurisdictions (including without limitation registering or qualifying the Fund as a broker or dealer or any officer of the Fund as agent or salesman in any state, territory or other jurisdiction); and
(vi)
all payments to be made pursuant to any written plan approved in accordance with Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, any written service plan or any agreement pursuant to such plan.
(b)
The Principal Underwriter agrees that, after the Prospectus and periodic reports have been set in type, it will bear the expense of printing and distributing any copies thereof which are to be used in connection with the offering of shares of the Fund to financial intermediaries or investors. The Principal Underwriter further agrees that it will bear the expenses of preparing, printing and distributing any other literature used by the Principal Underwriter or furnished by it for use by financial intermediaries in connection with the offering of the shares of the Fund for sale to the public and any expenses of advertising in connection with such offering.
(c)
In accordance with a Distribution Plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act with respect to a Class (the Distribution Plan), a Fund may make payments from Class assets of distribution fees (or fees referred to as distribution and service fees) to the Principal Underwriter, financial intermediaries and other persons. The aggregate of such payments during any fiscal year of the Fund with respect to a particular Class shall not exceed the amount stated on Schedule A for such year. No payments will be made to the Principal Underwriter pursuant to the Distribution Plan applicable to a Class which would cause the Fund with respect to such Class to exceed the maximum applicable cap imposed thereon by paragraph (2) of subsection (d) of Rule 2830 of the NASD Conduct Rules of FINRA or a lesser maximum cap as set forth on Schedule A (the Fee Cap). On any day when the Fee Cap is exceeded with respect to a particular Class, no distribution fee shall be paid to the Principal Underwriter with respect to that
5
Class and any contingent deferred sales charge payable to the Principal Underwriter by shareholders of such Class shall be paid to the Fund.
(d)
In addition to the payment of distribution fees, the Fund may make payments from the assets of a Class pursuant to a Distribution Plan or a written service plan of service fees to the Principal Underwriter, financial intermediaries and other persons. The aggregate of such payments during any fiscal year of the Fund shall not exceed the amount stated on Schedule A for such year.
(e)
Except as provided in Paragraph 5(c) above, the Principal Underwriter shall be entitled to receive all contingent deferred sales charges paid or payable in accordance with the Prospectus from a shareholder in connection with the redemption of Fund shares.
(f)
The persons authorized to direct the disposition of monies paid or payable by the Fund pursuant to the Distribution Plans, Service Plans or this Agreement shall be the President or any Vice President or the Secretary or Treasurer of the Trust. Such persons shall provide to the Trusts Trustees and the Trustees shall review, at least quarterly, a written report of the amounts so expended and the purposes for which such expenditures were made.
6.
The Trust hereby authorizes the Principal Underwriter, as agent of the Trust and for its account, to repurchase such shares of the Fund as may be offered for sale to the Fund from time to time on the terms and conditions set forth in the Prospectus. Such repurchases shall be made at the net asset value next determined after receipt of the repurchase order, subject to any applicable redemption fee that may be payable to the Fund or contingent deferred sales charge that may be payable to the Principal Underwriter.
(a)
The Trust agrees to authorize and direct the Custodian to pay, for the account of the Fund, the purchase price of any shares so repurchased against delivery of any outstanding certificates representing such shares in proper form for transfer to the Trust or for cancellation by the Trust.
(b)
The Principal Underwriter shall receive no commission in respect of any repurchase of shares under the foregoing authorization and appointment as agent, except for any distribution fee or contingent deferred sales charges payable under paragraph 5.
(c)
The Trust agrees that the Fund will reimburse the Principal Underwriter, from time to time on demand, for any reasonable expenses incurred in connection with the repurchase of shares of the Fund pursuant to this paragraph 6.
(d)
The Trust reserves the right to suspend or revoke the foregoing repurchase authorization at any time; unless otherwise stated, any such suspension or revocation shall be effective forthwith upon receipt of notice thereof by an officer of the Principal Underwriter, by electronic or by written communication from an officer of the Trust duly authorized by its Trustees. In the event that the authorization of the Principal Underwriter is, by the terms of such notice, suspended for more than twenty-four hours or until further notice, the authorization given by this paragraph 6 shall not be revived except by action of a majority of the Trustees of the Trust.
(e)
The Principal Underwriter shall have the right to terminate the operation of this paragraph 6 upon giving to the Trust thirty (30) days written notice thereof.
6
7.(a)
If, at any time during the existence of this Agreement, the Trust shall deem it necessary or advisable in the best interests of the Fund that any amendment of this Agreement be made in order to comply with the recommendations or requirements of the SEC or other governmental authority or for purposes of state or federal tax laws, it shall notify the Principal Underwriter of the form of amendment which it deems necessary or advisable and the reasons therefor, and, if the Principal Underwriter declines to assent to such amendment, the Trust may terminate this Agreement forthwith by written notice to the Principal Underwriter.
(b)
If, at any time during the existence of its agreement upon request by the Principal Underwriter, the Trust fails (after a reasonable time) to make any changes in its governing documents or in its methods of doing business which are necessary in order to comply with any requirement of federal law or regulations of the SEC or of a national securities association of which the Principal Underwriter is or may be a member, relating to the sale of the shares of the Fund, the Principal Underwriter may terminate this Agreement forthwith by written notice to the Trust.
8.(a)
The Principal Underwriter is a corporation in the United States organized under the laws of Massachusetts and holding membership in FINRA, a national securities association registered under Section 15A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time, and during the life of this Agreement will continue to be so resident in the United States, so organized and a member in good standing of FINRA. The Principal Underwriter covenants that it and its officers and directors will comply with the Trusts governing documents, and the 1940 Act and the rules promulgated thereunder, insofar as they are applicable to the Principal Underwriter.
(b)
The Principal Underwriter shall maintain in the United States and preserve therein for such period or periods as the SEC shall prescribe by rules and regulations applicable to it as Principal Underwriter of an open-end investment company registered under the 1940 Act such accounts, books and other documents as are necessary or appropriate to record its transactions with the Fund. Such accounts, books and other documents shall be subject at any time and from time to time to such reasonable periodic, special and other examinations by the SEC or any member or representative thereof as the SEC may prescribe. The Principal Underwriter shall furnish to the SEC within such reasonable time as the SEC may prescribe copies of or extracts from such records which may be prepared without effort, expense or delay as the SEC may by order require.
(c)
The Principal Underwriter represents that it has implemented an anti-money laundering (AML) program and related procedures consistent with the requirements of the USA Patriot Act and all applicable regulations promulgated thereunder (the Patriot Act) (the Program) and represents that it has taken or shall take appropriate steps to establish and document the identity of a customer when the customer applies to invest in the Fund. The Trust acknowledges that pursuant to the Program, the Principal Underwriter may delegate AML compliance to financial intermediaries with which it has entered agreements. The Principal Underwriter further agrees to retain all related documentation in accordance with the Funds Records Management Policy and make such documentation available to a court or other administrative or regulatory body with competent jurisdiction if compelled to do so by applicable law, administrative action or regulation. The Principal Underwriter will provide the documentation described above upon reasonable request and shall certify to the Funds that the Principal Underwriter continues to satisfy the Funds customer identification responsibilities in the manner contemplated by the Patriot Act.
7
(d)
Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the Trust and the Principal Underwriter each agree that any Nonpublic Personal Information (NPI), as defined under Section 248.3(t) of Regulation S-P (Regulation S-P), promulgated under the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (the GLB Act) (collectively, the Privacy Laws), disclosed hereunder is for the specific purpose of performing the services set forth in this Agreement, and with respect to such information, it will comply with the Privacy Laws. Neither the Trust nor the Principal Underwriter shall disclose any NPI received in connection with this Agreement, to any other party, except as necessary to carry out the services set forth herein or as otherwise permitted by Privacy Laws. Furthermore, NPI shall be safeguarded pursuant to procedures adopted under Section 248.30 of Regulation S-P and any applicable state laws, including Section 17 of Chapter 201 of the Code of Massachusetts Regulations. The foregoing will survive termination or expiration of this Agreement for so long as the Principal Underwriter continues to possess or have access to personal information related to the Funds shareholders.
(e)
The Principal Underwriter will provide the Trust with its written compliance policies and procedures as required by Rule 38a-1 of the 1940 Act for the approval by the Board of Trustees of the Trust. The Principal Underwriter will cooperate with the Trusts Chief Compliance Officer (CCO) in carrying out the Trusts obligations under Rule 38a-1 to oversee the compliance program of the Principal Underwriter, including providing the Trusts CCO access to compliance personnel and copies of such documents the CCO may reasonably request in conjunction with his/her review of the Principal Underwriters compliance program.
9.
This Agreement shall continue in force indefinitely until terminated as provided above, except that:
(a)
this Agreement shall remain in effect through and including for one year from the date first set forth above (or, for Funds added to this Agreement after such date, for two years after the date it is added hereto), and shall continue in full force and effect indefinitely thereafter, but only so long as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually (i) by the vote of a majority of those Trustees of the Trust who are not interested persons of the Trust (as defined in the 1940 Act) and have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of a Distribution Plan or any agreements related to it (the Rule 12b-1 Trustees) cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval, and (ii) by the Trustees of the Trust or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund;
(b)
this Agreement may be terminated with respect to a Class with a Distribution Plan at any time by vote of a majority of the Rule 12b-1 Trustees or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Class on not more than sixty (60) days notice to the Principal Underwriter. The Principal Underwriter shall be entitled to receive all contingent deferred sales charges paid or payable with respect to shares of such Class on any day subsequent to such termination;
(c)
either party shall have the right to terminate this Agreement with respect to any Class on six (6) months written notice thereof given in writing to the other;
(d)
the Trust shall have the right to terminate this Agreement forthwith in the event that it shall have been established by a court of competent jurisdiction that the Principal Underwriter or any director or officer of the Principal Underwriter has taken any action which results in a breach of the covenants set out in paragraph 8 hereof;
8
(e)
if this Agreement is terminated with respect to any Trust, Class or Fund, it shall not terminate the Agreement with respect to any other Trust, Class or Fund that is a party to this Agreement; and
(f)
additional Funds or Classes of Funds established under the Trust may be added to this Agreement upon approval by the Trustees of the Trust and amendment of Schedule A.
10.
In the event of the assignment of this Agreement by the Principal Underwriter, this Agreement shall automatically terminate.
11.
Any notice under this Agreement shall be in writing, addressed and delivered, or mailed postage paid, to the other party, at such address as such other party may designate for the receipt of such notices. Until further notice to the other party, it is agreed that the record address of the Trust and that of the Principal Underwriter, shall be Two International Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02110.
12.
The services of the Principal Underwriter to the Trust hereunder are not to be deemed to be exclusive, the Principal Underwriter being free to (a) render similar service to, and to act as principal underwriter in connection with the distribution of shares of, other series of the Trust or other investment companies, and (b) engage in other business and activities from time to time.
13.
The terms vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities, assignment and interested persons, when used herein, shall have the respective meanings specified in the 1940 Act, subject, however, to such exemptions as may be granted by the SEC by any rule, regulation or order.
14.
In the event any provision of this Agreement is determined to be void or unenforceable, such determination shall not affect the remainder of this Agreement, which shall remain in full force and effect.
15.
Each of the undersigned expressly warrants and represents that he or she has the full power and authority to sign this Agreement on behalf of the party indicated, and that his or her signature will operate to bind the party indicated to the foregoing terms.
16.
If the Principal Underwriter is delayed in the performance of its services or prevented entirely or in part from performing services due to causes or events beyond its control, including and without limitation, acts of God, interruption of power or other utility, transportation or communication services, acts of civil or military authority, sabotages, national emergencies, explosion, flood, accident, earthquake or other catastrophe, fire, strike or other labor problems, legal action, present or future law, governmental order, rule or regulation, or shortages of suitable parts, materials, labor or transportation, such delay or non-performance shall be excused for a reasonable time, subject to restrictions and requirements of performance as may be established by federal or state law.
17.
This agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
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18.
This Agreement may be executed simultaneously in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.
19.
The Principal Underwriter expressly acknowledges the provision in the Trusts governing documents limiting the personal liability of the shareholders of the Trust and the Trustees of the Trust. The Principal Underwriter hereby agrees that it shall have recourse only to the assets of the relevant Fund or Class thereof for payment of claims or obligations as between the Trust and the Principal Underwriter arising out of this Agreement and shall not seek satisfaction from any shareholders or from the Trustees. No Trust, Fund or Class shall be responsible for obligations of any other Trust, Fund or Class that is a party to this Agreement.
20.
This Agreement is the successor to separate Distribution Agreements between the Principal Underwriter and each Trust listed on Schedule A. For purposes of calculating the Fee Cap set forth under paragraph 5, the Principal Underwriter shall include amounts payable and shares sold pursuant to such prior agreements.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have entered into this Agreement as of the date first stated above.
EACH TRUST LISTED ON SCHEDULE A
By: /s/ Maureen A. Gemma
Maureen A. Gemma
Vice President
EATON VANCE DISTRIBUTORS, INC.
By: /s/ Brian Taranto
Brian Taranto
Vice President
10
|
Trust and Funds |
Classes (b) |
||||||||||
|
|
A (c) |
Advisers (c) |
Investor (c) |
B |
C |
R (1) |
R6 |
I |
Institutional |
||
|
Eaton Vance Investment Trust (2) |
Fees |
Fees |
Fees |
Fees |
Fee Cap (d) |
Fees |
Fee Cap (d) |
Fees |
Fees |
Fees |
Fees |
|
Eaton Vance Floating-Rate Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Massachusetts Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance National Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
3.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance New York Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
3.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Pennsylvania Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Municipals Trust (3) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Alabama Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Arizona Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Arkansas Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance California Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Connecticut Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Georgia Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Kentucky Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Maryland Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Massachusetts Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Minnesota Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Missouri Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Municipal Opportunities Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance National Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance New Jersey Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance New York Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance North Carolina Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Ohio Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Oregon Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Pennsylvania Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance South Carolina Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Tennessee Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Virginia Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Trust and Funds |
Classes (b) |
||||||||||
|
|
A (c) |
Advisers (c) |
Investor (c) |
B |
C |
R (1) |
R6 |
I |
Institutional |
||
|
Eaton Vance Municipals Trust II (3) |
Fees |
Fees |
Fees |
Fees |
Fee Cap (d) |
Fees |
Fee Cap (d) |
Fees |
Fees |
Fees |
Fees |
|
Eaton Vance High Yield Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Tax-Advantaged Bond Strategies Intermediate Term Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
FINRA |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Tax-Advantaged Bond Strategies Long Term Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
FINRA |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Tax-Advantaged Bond Strategies Short Term Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
FINRA |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance AMT-Free Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Atlanta Capital Horizon Growth Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Build America Bond Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Currency Income Advantage Fund |
0.30 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Diversified Currency Income Fund |
0.30 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
FINRA |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Emerging Markets Local Income Fund |
0.30 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
FINRA |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Floating-Rate Advantage Fund |
0.25 |
0.25 |
N/A |
0.40/.0.20 |
FINRA |
0.60/0.15 |
FINRA |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Floating-Rate Fund |
0.25 |
0.25 |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Floating-Rate & High Income Fund |
0.25 |
0.25 |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Global Dividend Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
0.50/0.25 |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Global Macro Absolute Return Advantage Fund |
0.30 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
FINRA |
0.50/0.25 |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Global Macro Absolute Return Fund |
0.30 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
0.50/0.25 |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Government Obligations Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
0.50/0.25 |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance High Income Opportunities Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Large-Cap Core Research Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Multi-Strategy Absolute Return Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Multi-Strategy All Market Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Short Duration Government Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
0.60/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Short Duration High Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Short Duration Strategic Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
4.50 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
0.50/0.25 |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Equity Asset Allocation Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Global Dividend Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Growth Fund 1.1 |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Trust and Funds |
Classes (b) |
||||||||||
|
|
A (c) |
Advisers (c) |
Investor (c) |
B |
C |
R (1) |
R6 |
I |
Institutional |
||
|
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust (continued) |
Fees |
Fees |
Fees |
Fees |
Fee Cap (d) |
Fees |
Fee Cap (d) |
Fees |
Fees |
Fees |
Fees |
|
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Growth Fund 1.2 |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Multi-Cap Growth Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Small-Cap Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Small-Cap Value Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Value Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance U.S. Government Money Market Fund (4) |
None |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
Parametric Commodity Strategy Fund |
N/A |
N/A |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
|
Parametric Emerging Markets Core Fund |
N/A |
N/A |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
|
Parametric Emerging Markets Fund |
N/A |
N/A |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
None |
|
Parametric Dividend Income Fund |
N/A |
N/A |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
|
Parametric Global Small-Cap Fund |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
|
Parametric International Equity Fund |
N/A |
N/A |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
|
Parametric Market Neutral Fund |
N/A |
N/A |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
|
Parametric Tax-Managed International Equity Fund |
N/A |
N/A |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Series Fund, Inc. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Institutional Emerging Markets Debt Fund (5) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Series Trust II |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Income Fund of Boston |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
0.50/0.25 |
None |
None |
N/A |
|
Parametric Tax-Managed Emerging Markets Fund |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Balanced Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Bond Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
FINRA |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
FINRA |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Dividend Builder Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund |
0.30 |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
5.00 |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
|
Eaton Vance Large-Cap Growth Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75/0.25 |
6.25 |
0.50/0.25 |
N/A |
None |
N/A |
5 of 5
EXHIBIT (h)(5)(b)
Schedule A
As of April 30, 2014
Trust, Series and Class |
Contractual
|
Effective
|
Termination
|
Eaton Vance Growth Trust |
|
|
|
Asian Small Companies Fund Class A |
1.75% |
5/1/2013 |
12/31/2014 |
|
|
|
|
Greater China Growth Fund Class A |
1.95% |
4/28/2011 |
12/31/2014 |
Greater China Growth Fund Class B |
2.65% |
4/28/2011 |
12/31/2014 |
Greater China Growth Fund Class C |
2.65% |
4/28/2011 |
12/31/2014 |
Greater China Growth Fund Class I |
1.65% |
4/28/2011 |
12/31/2014 |
|
|
|
|
Richard Bernstein All Asset Strategy Fund Class A* |
1.45% |
9/30/2011 |
12/31/2014 |
Richard Bernstein All Asset Strategy Fund Class C* |
2.20% |
9/30/2011 |
12/31/2014 |
Richard Bernstein All Asset Strategy Fund Class I* |
1.20% |
9/30/2011 |
12/31/2014 |
|
|
|
|
Atlanta Capital SMID-Cap Fund Class A |
1.25% |
2/1/2012 |
1/31/2015 |
Atlanta Capital SMID-Cap Fund Class C |
2.00% |
2/1/2012 |
1/31/2015 |
Atlanta Capital SMID-Cap Fund Class I |
1.00% |
2/1/2012 |
1/31/2015 |
Atlanta Capital SMID-Cap Fund Class R |
1.50% |
2/1/2012 |
1/31/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Atlanta Capital Select Equity Fund Class A |
1.20% |
12/30/2011 |
1/31/2015 |
Atlanta Capital Select Equity Fund Class C |
1.95% |
3/19/2013 |
1/31/2015 |
Atlanta Capital Select Equity Fund Class I |
0.95% |
12/30/2011 |
1/31/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Focused Growth Opportunities Fund Class A |
1.25% |
3/7/2011 |
6/30/2014 |
Focused Growth Opportunities Fund Class C |
2.00% |
3/7/2011 |
6/30/2014 |
Focused Growth Opportunities Fund Class I |
1.00% |
3/7/2011 |
6/30/2014 |
|
|
|
|
Focused Value Opportunities Fund Class A |
1.25% |
3/7/2011 |
6/30/2014 |
Focused Value Opportunities Fund Class C |
2.00% |
3/7/2011 |
6/30/2014 |
Focused Value Opportunities Fund Class I |
1.00% |
3/7/2011 |
6/30/2014 |
|
|
|
|
Global Natural Resources Fund Class A |
1.40% |
4/30/2012 |
6/30/2014 |
Global Natural Resources Fund Class I |
1.15% |
4/30/2012 |
6/30/2014 |
|
|
|
|
Hexavest Emerging Markets Equity Fund Class A |
1.75% |
8/29/2012 |
11/30/2014 |
Hexavest Emerging Markets Equity Fund Class I |
1.50% |
8/29/2012 |
11/30/2014 |
|
|
|
|
Hexavest Global Equity Fund Class A |
1.40% |
8/29/2012 |
11/30/2014 |
Hexavest Global Markets Equity Fund Class I |
1.15% |
8/29/2012 |
11/30/2014 |
|
|
|
|
Hexavest International Equity Fund Class A |
1.40% |
8/29/2012 |
11/30/2014 |
Hexavest International Equity Fund Class I |
1.15% |
8/29/2012 |
11/30/2014 |
|
|
|
|
Hexavest U.S. Equity Fund Class A |
1.20% |
8/29/2012 |
11/30/2014 |
Hexavest U.S. Equity Fund Class I |
0.95% |
8/29/2012 |
11/30/2014 |
|
|
|
|
Parametric Balanced Risk Fund Investor Class |
1.25% |
9/10/2013 |
12/31/2014 |
Parametric Balanced Risk Fund Institutional Class |
1.00% |
9/10/2013 |
12/31/2014 |
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Investment Trust |
|
|
|
Floating-Rate Municipal Income Fund Class A |
0.65% |
8/1/2013 |
7/31/2014 |
Floating-Rate Municipal Income Fund Class I |
0.50% |
8/1/2013 |
7/31/2014 |
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Municipals Trust |
|
|
|
Municipal Opportunities Fund Class A |
1.10% |
5/31/2011 |
11/30/2014 |
Municipal Opportunities Fund Class I |
0.85% |
5/31/2011 |
11/30/2014 |
|
|
|
|
*Contractual expense cap includes fund fees and expenses from unaffiliated funds. |
Trust, Series and Class |
Contractual
|
Effective
|
Termination
|
Eaton Vance Municipals Trust II |
|
|
|
Tax-Advantaged Bond Strategies Intermediate Term Fund Class A |
0.95% |
2/1/2010 |
5/31/2014 |
Tax-Advantaged Bond Strategies Intermediate Term Fund Class C |
1.70% |
2/1/2010 |
5/31/2014 |
Tax-Advantaged Bond Strategies Intermediate Term Fund Class I |
0.70% |
2/1/2010 |
5/31/2014 |
|
|
|
|
Tax-Advantaged Bond Strategies Long Term Fund Class A |
0.95% |
2/1/2010 |
5/31/2014 |
Tax-Advantaged Bond Strategies Long Term Fund Class C |
1.70% |
2/1/2010 |
5/31/2014 |
Tax-Advantaged Bond Strategies Long Term Fund Class I |
0.70% |
2/1/2010 |
5/31/2014 |
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
|
|
|
Emerging Markets Local Income Fund Class A |
1.25% |
3/1/2009 |
2/28/2015 |
Emerging Markets Local Income Fund Class C |
1.95% |
8/1/2010 |
2/28/2015 |
Emerging Markets Local Income Fund Class I |
0.95% |
11/30/2009 |
2/28/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Diversified Currency Income Fund Class A |
1.10% |
3/1/2008 |
2/28/2015 |
Diversified Currency Income Fund Class C |
1.80% |
3/1/2011 |
2/28/2015 |
Diversified Currency Income Fund Class I |
0.80% |
3/1/2011 |
2/28/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Large-Cap Core Research Fund Class A |
1.25% |
6/17/2008 |
4/30/2015 |
Large-Cap Core Research Fund Class I |
1.00% |
6/17/2008 |
4/30/2015 |
Large-Cap Core Research Fund Class C |
2.00% |
9/30/2009 |
4/30/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Parametric Commodity Strategy Fund Investor Class |
1.00% |
12/30/2011 |
4/30/2015 |
Parametric Commodity Strategy Fund Institutional Class |
0.75% |
12/30/2011 |
4/30/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Parametric International Equity Fund Investor Class |
1.05% |
12/1/2012 |
5/31/2014 |
Parametric International Equity Fund Institutional Class |
0.80% |
12/1/2012 |
5/31/2014 |
|
|
|
|
Atlanta Capital Horizon Growth Fund Class A |
1.40% |
5/2/2011 |
1/31/2015 |
Atlanta Capital Horizon Growth Fund Class B |
2.15% |
5/2/2011 |
1/31/2015 |
Atlanta Capital Horizon Growth Fund Class C |
2.15% |
5/2/2011 |
1/31/2015 |
Atlanta Capital Horizon Growth Fund Class I |
1.15% |
5/2/2011 |
1/31/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Build America Bond Fund Class A |
0.95% |
11/17/2009 |
1/31/2015 |
Build America Bond Fund Class C |
1.70% |
11/17/2009 |
1/31/2015 |
Build America Bond Fund Class I |
0.70% |
11/17/2009 |
1/31/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Tax-Managed Small-Cap Value Fund Class A |
1.45% |
7/1/2011 |
2/28/2015 |
Tax-Managed Small-Cap Value Fund Class C |
2.20% |
7/1/2011 |
2/28/2015 |
Tax-Managed Small-Cap Value Fund Class I |
1.20% |
7/1/2011 |
2/28/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Tax-Managed Multi-Cap Growth Fund Class A |
1.40% |
3/1/2013 |
2/28/2015 |
Tax-Managed Multi-Cap Growth Fund Class B |
2.15% |
3/1/2013 |
2/28/2015 |
Tax-Managed Multi-Cap Growth Fund Class C |
2.15% |
3/1/2013 |
2/28/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Parametric Market Neutral Fund Investor Class |
1.50 % |
10/1/2013 |
2/28/2015 |
Parametric Market Neutral Fund Institutional Class |
1.25% |
10/1/2013 |
2/28/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Multi-Strategy All Market Fund Class A |
1.35% |
11/1/2011 |
2/28/2015 |
Multi-Strategy All Market Fund Class C |
2.10% |
11/1/2011 |
2/28/2015 |
Multi-Strategy All Market Fund Class I |
1.10% |
11/1/2011 |
2/28/2015 |
|
|
|
|
CMBS Portfolio |
0.65% |
8/6/2012 |
2/28/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Parametric Currency Fund Investor Class |
0.90 % |
12/30/2011 |
3/31/2015 |
Parametric Currency Fund Institutional Class |
0.65% |
12/30/2011 |
3/31/2015 |
Trust, Series and Class |
Contractual
|
Effective
|
Termination
|
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust (continued) |
|
|
|
Parametric Global Small-Cap Fund Institutional Class |
0.85% |
12/19/2012 |
5/31/2014 |
|
|
|
|
Parametric Tax-Managed International Equity Fund Investor Class |
1.50% |
12/1/2012 |
2/28/2015 |
Parametric Tax-Managed International Equity Fund Class C |
2.25% |
12/1/2012 |
2/28/2015 |
Parametric Tax-Managed International Equity Fund Institutional Class |
1.25% |
12/1/2012 |
2/28/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Currency Income Advantage Fund Class A |
1.40% |
8/28/2013 |
2/28/2015 |
Currency Income Advantage Fund Class I |
1.10% |
8/28/2013 |
2/28/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Short Duration High Income Fund Class A |
1.05% |
11/1/2013 |
2/28/2015 |
Short Duration High Income Fund Class I |
0.80% |
11/1/2013 |
2/28/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Parametric Emerging Markets Core Fund Investor Class |
1.15 % |
9/24/2013 |
5/31/2015 |
Parametric Emerging Markets Core Fund Institutional Class |
0.90% |
9/24/2013 |
5/31/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Parametric Dividend Income Fund Investor Class |
0.95% |
3/25/2014 |
6/30/2015 |
Parametric Dividend Income Fund Institutional Class |
0.70% |
3/25/2014 |
6/30/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Series Fund, Inc. |
|
|
|
Institutional Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund |
0.85% |
2/1/2013 |
11/30/2014 |
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust |
|
|
|
Short Duration Real Return Fund Class A |
0.90% |
7/16/2013 |
2/28/2015 |
Short Duration Real Return Fund Class C |
1.65% |
7/16/2013 |
2/28/2015 |
Short Duration Real Return Fund Class I |
0.65% |
7/16/2013 |
2/28/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Risk-Managed Equity Option Fund Class A |
1.40% |
3/31/2014 |
3/31/2015 |
Risk-Managed Equity Option Fund Class C |
2.15% |
3/31/2014 |
3/31/2015 |
Risk-Managed Equity Option Fund Class I |
1.15% |
3/31/2014 |
3/31/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Investment Grade Income Fund Class I |
0.50% |
12/1/2011 |
4/30/2015 |
Investment Grade Income Fund Class A |
0.75% |
12/1/2011 |
4/30/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Real Estate Fund Class I |
1.00% |
5/1/2007 |
4/30/2015 |
Real Estate Fund Class A |
1.25% |
6/8/2010 |
4/30/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Large-Cap Growth Fund Class A |
1.25% |
5/1/2008 |
4/30/2015 |
Large-Cap Growth Fund Class C |
2.00% |
5/1/2008 |
4/30/2015 |
Large-Cap Growth Fund Class I |
1.00% |
5/1/2008 |
4/30/2015 |
Large-Cap Growth Fund Class R |
1.50% |
7/31/2009 |
4/30/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Commodity Strategy Fund Class A |
1.50% |
4/7/2010 |
4/30/2015 |
Commodity Strategy Fund Class C |
2.25% |
4/7/2010 |
4/30/2015 |
Commodity Strategy Fund Class I |
1.25% |
4/7/2010 |
4/30/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Parametric Absolute Return Fund Investor Class |
1.45% |
12/1/2012 |
4/30/2015 |
Parametric Absolute Return Fund Institutional Class |
1.20% |
12/1/2012 |
4/30/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Greater India Fund Class A |
1.88% |
4/28/2011 |
4/28/2015 |
Greater India Fund Class B |
2.58% |
4/28/2011 |
4/28/2015 |
Greater India Fund Class C |
2.58% |
4/28/2011 |
4/28/2015 |
Greater India Fund Class I |
1.58% |
4/28/2011 |
4/28/2015 |
|
|
|
|
Small-Cap Value Fund Class A |
1.45% |
7/1/2011 |
4/30/2015 |
Small-Cap Value Fund Class B |
2.20% |
7/1/2011 |
4/30/2015 |
Small-Cap Value Fund Class C |
2.20% |
7/1/2011 |
4/30/2015 |
Small-Cap Value Fund Class I |
1.20% |
7/1/2011 |
4/30/2015 |
|
|
|
|
EXHIBIT (i)(2)
CONSENT OF COUNSEL
I consent to the incorporation by reference in this Post-Effective Amendment No. 139 to the Registration Statement of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (1933 Act File No. 002-27962) of my opinion dated January 29, 2013, which was filed as Exhibit (i) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 126.
|
/s/ Velvet R. Regan |
|
Velvet R. Regan, Esq. |
April 28, 2014
Boston, Massachusetts
Exhibit (j)(1)
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We consent to the incorporation by reference in this Post-Effective Amendment No. 139 to Registration Statement No. 002-27962 on Form N-1A of our reports dated as indicated on the attached Appendix A, relating to the financial statements and financial highlights of the Funds and Portfolios listed on the attached Appendix A, certain of the funds constituting Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (the Trust), appearing in the Annual Reports on Form N-CSR of the Trust for the year-ended December 31, 2013, and to the references to us under the headings Financial Highlights in the Prospectuses and Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm and Financial Statements in the Statements of Additional Information, which are part of such Registration Statement.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
April 28, 2014
Appendix A
Report Date
Funds/Portfolios:
February 17, 2014
Eaton Vance Large-Cap Growth Fund
February 17, 2014
Large-Cap Growth Portfolio
February 18, 2014
Eaton Vance Dividend Builder Fund
February 18, 2014
Dividend Builder Portfolio
February 18, 2014
Eaton Vance Large-Cap Value Fund
February 18, 2014
Large-Cap Value Portfolio
February 18, 2014
Eaton Vance Small-Cap Value Fund
February 19, 2014
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund
February 19, 2014
Investment Grade Income Portfolio
February 19, 2014
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund
February 19, 2014
Greater India Portfolio
February 20, 2014
Eaton Vance Small-Cap Fund
February 20, 2014
Eaton Vance Special Equities Fund
February 20, 2014
Parametric Absolute Return Fund (formerly, Eaton Vance Parametric Option Absolute Return Strategy Fund)
February 21, 2014
Eaton Vance Balanced Fund
February 24, 2014
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund
February 24, 2014
Eaton Vance Real Estate Fund
Exhibit (j)(2)
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We consent to the incorporation by reference in this Post-Effective Amendment No. 139 to Registration Statement No. 002-27962 on Form N-1A of our reports dated as indicated on the attached Appendix A, relating to the financial statements and financial highlights of the Funds and Portfolios listed on the attached Appendix A, certain of the funds constituting Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust (the Trust), appearing in the Annual Reports on Form N-CSR of the Trust for the year-ended December 31, 2013, and to the references to us under the headings Financial Highlights in the Prospectuses and Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm and Financial Statements in the Statements of Additional Information, which are part of such Registration Statement.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
April 28, 2014
Appendix A
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust
Report Date
Fund/Portfolio:
February 19, 2014
Eaton Vance Large-Cap Core Research Fund
February 19, 2014
Large-Cap Core Research Portfolio
February 21, 2014
Parametric Commodity Strategy Fund (formerly, Eaton Vance Parametric Structured Commodity Strategy Fund)
EXHIBIT (n)
AMENDED AND RESTATED
MULTIPLE CLASS PLAN FOR EATON VANCE FUNDS
Dated March 17, 2014
WHEREAS, each trust (each a Trust) listed on Schedule A engages in business as an open-end investment company and is registered as such under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the Act);
WHEREAS, the Trustees (hereafter the Trustees) of each Trust have established one or more classes of shares of each series of the Trust listed on Schedule A hereto (each a Fund), such classes having been designated as shown on the Schedule (the Classes);
WHEREAS, each Fund is established in accordance with Section 18(f)(2) of the Act, its shares are registered on Form N-1A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and it is entitled to have a multiple class plan adopted on its behalf by the Trust pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the Act (the Rule);
WHEREAS, the Trustees of the Trust desire to replace the currently effective multiple class plan dated October 1, 2012 by amending and restating herein the separate arrangements, expense allocations, and any related conversion features or exchange privileges of the Classes; and
WHEREAS, the Trustees of the Trust (including a majority of those Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust) have determined that adoption of this Amended and Restated Multiple Class Plan (the Plan), including the expense allocations set forth herein, is in the best interests of each Class individually and each Fund as a whole.
NOW, THEREFORE, each Trust hereby adopts this Plan on behalf of each Fund in accordance with the Rule.
I.
MULTIPLE CLASS STRUCTURE
Each Fund may continuously offer the Classes of shares identified on Schedule A.
Shares of each Class shall represent an equal pro rata interest in such Fund and shall have the voting, dividend, liquidation, and other rights, preferences, powers, restrictions, limitations, qualifications and terms and conditions set forth in the Declaration of Trust, as amended, subject to the following:
A.
Designation and Manner of Offering
Each Class shall have a different designation as set forth below and shall be offered subject to the following:
1.
Class A Shares . Class A shares are offered at net asset value (NAV) subject to a sales charge on the terms described in each Funds prospectus. Class A shares are subject to distribution and service fees payable pursuant to a plan adopted in accordance with Rule 12b-1 under the Act (the Distribution Plan);
2.
Class B Shares . Class B shares are currently closed to investment, but were formerly offered at NAV generally subject to a contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) on the terms described in each Funds prospectus. Class B shares are subject to distribution fees and service fees payable pursuant to the Distribution Plan;
3.
Class C Shares . Class C shares are offered at NAV generally subject to a CDSC on the terms described in each Funds prospectus. Class C shares are subject to distribution fees and service fees payable pursuant to the Distribution Plan;
4.
Institutional Class Shares/Class I Shares . Institutional Class shares and Class I shares are offered at NAV without the imposition of a sales charge on the terms described in each Funds prospectus. Institutional Class and Class I shares are not subject to distribution and service fees.
5.
Investor Class Shares . Investor Class shares are offered at NAV without the imposition of a sales charge on the terms described in each Funds prospectus. Investor Class shares are subject to distribution and service fees payable pursuant to the Distribution Plan;
6.
Advisers Class Shares . Advisers Class shares are offered at NAV without the imposition of a sales charge on the terms described in each Funds prospectus. Advisers Class shares are subject to distribution and service fees payable pursuant to the Distribution Plan;
7.
Class R Shares . Class R shares are offered at NAV without the imposition of a sales charge on the terms described in each Funds prospectus. Class R shares are subject to distribution fees and service fees payable pursuant to the Distribution Plan; and
8.
Class R6 Shares . Class R6 shares are offered at NAV without the imposition of a sales charge on the terms described in each Funds prospectus. Class R6 shares are not subject to distribution and service fees.
B.
Exchange Privileges and Conversion Features
1.
Class B shares of a Fund automatically convert to such Class A shares of such Fund as described in the Funds prospectus and statement of additional information. Such conversion will occur during the month following the expiration of the holding period provided in each relevant Funds prospectus. Such conversion shall be effected on the basis of the relative NAVs per share of the two Classes without the imposition of any sales charge, fee or other charge. For purposes of this conversion, all distributions paid on such Class B shares which the shareholder elects to reinvest in Class B shares will be considered to be held in a separate sub-account. Upon the conversion of such Class B shares not acquired through the reinvestment of distributions, a pro rata portion of the Class B shares held in the sub-account will also convert to such Class A shares. This portion will be determined by the ratio that such Class B shares being converted bear to the total of Class B shares (excluding shares acquired through reinvestment) in the account.
2.
Shares of one Class of a Fund may be voluntarily exchanged for another Class of the same Fund at the discretion of a shareholder in accordance with the terms of the Funds prospectus.
3.
Each Class of a Fund may be exchanged for shares of a Class offered on the same terms of another Fund in accordance with the terms of the relevant Funds prospectus.
C.
Allocations
Fund allocations shall be made as follows:
1.
Realized and unrealized capital gains and losses shall be allocated to each Class proportionately based on the NAV of that Class in relation to the NAV of the Fund.
2
2.
Income and Fundwide Expenses (as defined below) shall be allocated to each Class proportionately based on the NAV of that Class in relation to the NAV of the Fund subject to the following:
a.
Fundwide Expenses are all expenses other than (i) distribution and service fees and (ii) authorized sub-accounting, recordkeeping and similar administrative fees payable to financial intermediaries (sub-accounting fees), which shall be allocated as follows:
i.
Distribution fees and services fees shall be allocated only to the Class to which they relate; and
ii.
Sub-accounting fees shall be allocated only to Classes that are not prohibited by prospectus from paying such fees and such fees shall be allocated in relation to the NAV of all such Classes.
b.
Daily Dividend Funds (as defined in the Rule) shall allocate income, Fundwide Expenses and sub-accounting fees based on the Settled Shares Method (as defined in the Rule).
II.
BOARD REVIEW
1.
The Plan shall not take effect until after it has been approved by both a majority of Trustees and a majority of those Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust.
2.
The Plan shall continue indefinitely, unless terminated or amended. All material amendments to the Plan shall be approved by the Trustees in the manner provided for in Section II.1. above. Additional Funds may become subject to the Plan upon Trustee approval as provided for in Section II.1. above and amendment of Schedule A.
III.
MISCELLANOUS
The Trustees and the shareholders of each Fund shall not be liable for any obligations of the respective Trust or any Fund under the Plan, and the principal underwriter or any other person, in asserting any rights or claims under the Plan, shall look only to the assets of the respective Trust or such Fund in settlement of such right or claim, and not to such Trustees or shareholders.
* * *
3
Schedule A
Schedule of Share Classes and Annual 12b-1 Distribution and Service Fees
(as a % of average daily net assets)
|
A |
B |
C |
I |
Investor |
Instl* |
Advisers |
R (1) |
R6 |
Eaton Vance Growth Trust |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Asian Small Companies Fund |
0.30 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Atlanta Capital Focused Growth Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Atlanta Capital Select Equity Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Atlanta Capital SMID-Cap Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
Eaton Vance Focused Growth Opportunities Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Focused Value Opportunities Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Global Natural Resources Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Greater China Growth Fund |
0.30 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Hexavest Emerging Markets Equity Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Hexavest Global Equity Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Hexavest International Equity Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Hexavest U.S. Equity Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Multi-Cap Growth Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Richard Bernstein All Asset Strategy Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Richard Bernstein Equity Strategy Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Worldwide Health Sciences Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75 |
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Investment Trust (2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance AMT-Free Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Massachusetts Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance National Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance New York Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Pennsylvania Limited Maturity Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Municipals Trust (3) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Alabama Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Arizona Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Arkansas Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance California Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Connecticut Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Georgia Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Kentucky Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Maryland Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Massachusetts Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
A |
B |
C |
I |
Investor |
Instl |
Advisers |
R (1) |
R6 |
Eaton Vance Municipals Trust contd (3) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Minnesota Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Missouri Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Municipal Opportunities Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance National Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance New Jersey Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance New York Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance North Carolina Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Ohio Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Oregon Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Pennsylvania Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance South Carolina Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Tennessee Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Virginia Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Municipals Trust II (3) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance High Yield Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Tax-Advantaged Bond Strategies Intermediate Term Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Tax-Advantaged Bond Strategies Long Term Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Tax-Advantaged Bond Strategies Short Term Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance AMT-Free Municipal Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Atlanta Capital Horizon Growth Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Build America Bond Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Diversified Currency Income Fund |
0.30 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Emerging Markets Local Income Fund |
0.30 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Floating-Rate Advantage Fund |
0.25 |
0.60 |
0.75 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Floating-Rate Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Floating-Rate & High Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Global Dividend Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75 |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Global Macro Absolute Return Advantage Fund |
0.30 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75 |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Global Macro Absolute Return Fund |
0.30 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75 |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Government Obligations Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75 |
N/A |
Eaton Vance High Income Opportunities Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Large-Cap Core Research Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Low Duration Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
0.85 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Multi-Strategy Absolute Return Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Multi-Strategy All Market Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Strategic Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Equity Asset Allocation Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Global Dividend Income Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Growth Fund 1.1 |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Growth Fund 1.2 |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
A |
B |
C |
I |
Investor |
Instl |
Advisers |
R (1) |
R6 |
Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust contd |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Multi-Cap Growth Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Small-Cap Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Small-Cap Value Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Value Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance U.S. Government Money Market Fund (4) |
N/A |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Parametric Commodity Strategy Fund |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Parametric Emerging Markets Fund |
N/A |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
None |
Parametric Global Small-Cap Fund |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Parametric International Equity Fund |
N/A |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Parametric Market Neutral Fund |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Parametric Tax-Managed International Equity Fund |
N/A |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Series Trust |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Tax-Managed Growth Fund 1.0 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Series Trust II |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Income Fund of Boston |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75 |
None |
Parametric Tax-Managed Emerging Markets Fund |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eaton Vance Balanced Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Bond Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Commodity Strategy Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Dividend Builder Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Greater India Fund |
0.30 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Investment Grade Income Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Large-Cap Growth Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Large-Cap Value Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.75 |
None |
Eaton Vance Real Estate Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Risk-Managed Equity Option Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Short Term Real Return Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Small-Cap Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Small-Cap Value Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Special Equities Fund |
0.25 |
N/A |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Eaton Vance Tax-Advantaged Bond Strategies Real Return Fund |
0.25 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
Parametric Absolute Return Fund |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
0.25 |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Institutional Class Shares
(1)
The distribution plan for Class R shares authorized distribution and service fee payments of up to 0.75% annually. The Funds Board of Trustees has authorized distribution and service fees equal to 0.55% annually.
(2)
The distribution plans for Class A, Class B and Class C shares (as applicable) authorize distribution and service fees of up to 0.25% annually. The Funds Board of Trustees has authorized distribution and service fees of 0.15% annually.
(3)
The distribution plans for Class A, Class B and Class C shares (as applicable) authorize distribution and service fees of up to 0.25% annually. The Funds (except the Eaton Vance Municipal Opportunities Fund, Eaton Vance National, High Yield and California Municipal Income Funds and the Eaton Vance Tax-Advantaged Bond Strategies Intermediate, Long and Short Term Funds) Board of Trustees has authorized distribution and service fees of 0.20% annually.
(4)
The distribution plans for Class B and Class C shares for Eaton Vance U.S. Government Money Market Fund authorize distribution fee payments of 0.75% and service fees of up to 0.25%. The Funds Board of Trustees has authorized service fees for Class B and Class C equal to 0.15% annually.
A-3
EXHIBIT (q)(2)
POWER OF ATTORNEY
I, Christopher Darling, as President of Asian Small Companies Portfolio (the Asian Portfolio) and Greater India Portfolio (the India Portfolio), each a Massachusetts business trust, do hereby severally constitute and appoint Thomas E. Faust Jr., Maureen A. Gemma, James F. Kirchner or Deidre E. Walsh, or any of them, to be true, sufficient and lawful attorneys, or attorney, to sign for me, in my name in the capacity indicated below, any Registration Statement and any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to such Registration Statement filed by Eaton Vance Growth Trust (for the Asian Portfolio) and Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (for the India Portfolio) with the Securities and Exchange Commission, in respect of shares of beneficial interest and other documents and papers relating thereto.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF I have hereunto set my hand on the date set opposite my signature.
Signature |
Title |
Date |
/s/ Christopher Darling Christopher Darling |
President and Principal Executive Officer |
April 1, 2014 |