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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 28, 2006
Registration No.  333-             
 
 
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
Form  F-3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
 
NATIONAL GRID PLC
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
     
ENGLAND AND WALES   98-0367158
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
     
Helen Mahy
National Grid plc
1-3 Strand, London
WC2N 5EH England
011-44-207-004-3000
  Lawrence J. Reilly
National Grid USA
25 Research Drive
Westborough, MA 01582
1-508-389-2000
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number,
including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
  (Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number
including area code, of agent for service)
 
With Copies to:
Joseph D. Ferraro
LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae
No. 1 Minster Court
Mincing Lane, London
EC3R 7YL England
011-44-207-459-5000
 
     Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: From time to time after the effective date of this Registration Statement.
     If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box:     o
     If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box:     þ
     If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.     o
     If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.     o
     If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.C. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box.     þ
     If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.C. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box.     o
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
             
             
             
      Amount to be Registered/      
Title of Each Class of     Proposed Maximum Aggregate     Amount of
Securities to be Registered     Price per Unit     Registration Fee
             
Debt securities
    Indeterminate     (1)
             
             
(1)  An indeterminate aggregate initial offering price or number of debt securities is being registered as may from time to time be offered at indeterminate prices. Separate consideration may or may not be received for securities that are issuable on exercise, conversion or exchange of other securities or that are issued in units or represented by depositary shares. In accordance with Rules 456(b) and 457(r), the Registrant is deferring payment of all of the registration fee, except for $126,700 that has already been paid with respect to the $1,000,000,000.00 aggregate initial offering price of securities that were previously registered pursuant to Registration Statement No.  333-120570, which was filed on November 17, 2004, and was subsequently withdrawn on September 21, 2005 before any securities were sold thereunder. Pursuant to Rule 457(p) under the Securities Act, such unutilized filing fee may be applied to the filing fee payable pursuant to this Registration Statement.
 
 


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PROSPECTUS
(NATIONAL GRID LOGO)
National Grid plc
Debt Securities
        We may from time to time offer and sell unsecured debt securities in one or more separate series. We will describe in one or more prospectus supplements, which must accompany this prospectus, the type and amount of a series of debt securities we are offering and selling, as well as the specific terms of these securities. Such prospectus supplements may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and the prospectus supplements carefully, together with the information described under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information” before you invest in these securities.
      We may offer debt securities in amounts, at prices and on terms to be determined at the time of offering. We may sell these securities directly to you, through agents we select, or through underwriters and dealers we select. If we use agents, underwriters or dealers to sell these securities, we will name them and describe their compensation in the applicable prospectus supplement.
      The mailing address of our principal executive office is 1-3 Strand, London, WC2N 5EH, England and our telephone number is 011-44-207-004-3000.
      Investing in these securities involves risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 2 of this prospectus and “Risk Factors” in our most recent Annual Report on Form  20-F, as well as any contained in the applicable prospectus supplement.
 
       Neither the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
 
      This prospectus may not be used to consummate sales of debt securities unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement.
The date of this prospectus is June 28, 2006.


 

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      You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus, the accompanying prospectus supplement or any document to which we have referred you. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement is accurate as of any date other than the date on the front of these documents. We are not making an offer of these securities in any state or jurisdiction where the offer is not permitted.

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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS
      This document is called a prospectus and is part of a registration statement that we have filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), using a “shelf” registration process. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the debt securities we may offer. Each time we offer debt securities, we will provide a supplement to this prospectus. The accompanying prospectus supplement will describe the specific terms of that offering, and may also include a discussion of any special considerations applicable to those securities. The accompanying prospectus supplement may also add, update or change the information contained in this prospectus. If there is any inconsistency between the information in this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement, you should rely on the information in the accompanying prospectus supplement. Please carefully read this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement. In addition to the information contained in the documents, we refer you to under the headings “Where You Can Find More Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference.” The registration statement containing this prospectus, including the exhibits to the registration statement, provides additional information about us and the debt securities offered under this prospectus. The registration statement, including the exhibits, can be read on the SEC website or at the SEC offices, each of which is listed under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information.”
      All references in this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement to “National Grid”, “NG”, “our company”, “we”, “us” or “our” mean National Grid plc, unless we state otherwise or as the context requires. In addition, the term “IFRS” means international financial reporting standards as adopted by the European Union and the term “U.S. GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States.
      Our consolidated financial statements are published in pounds sterling. In this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement, “U.S. dollars” or “$” refers to U.S. currency and “pounds sterling,” “sterling,” “£” or “pence” refers to U.K. currency.

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RISK FACTORS
      Investing in the debt securities offered using this prospectus involves risk. You should consider carefully the risks described below and you should read the “Risks Factors” incorporated by reference in this prospectus from our most recent Annual Report on Form  20-F, some of which are also contained in this Prospectus, or in similar sections in subsequent filings incorporated by reference in this prospectus, for additional information on factors that may affect our future results, before you decide to buy our debt securities. If any of these risks actually occur, our business, financial condition and results of operations could suffer, and the trading price and liquidity of our debt securities could decline, in which case you may lose all or part of your investment.
Risks relating to our business
      Changes in law or regulation in the geographies in which we operate could have an adverse effect on our results of operations.
      Many of our businesses are utilities or networks that are subject to regulation by governments and other authorities. Consequently, changes in law or regulation in the countries or states in which we operate could adversely affect us. Regulatory decisions concerning, for example, whether licenses or approvals to operate are renewed, whether market developments have been satisfactorily implemented and whether there has been any breach of the terms of a license or approval, the level of permitted revenues for our businesses and proposed business development activities could have an adverse impact on our results of operations, our cash flows, the financial condition of our businesses and the ability to develop those businesses in the future. For further information, see the Operating and Financial Review and, in particular, the “External and regulatory environment” sections for each of our business segments in our most recent Annual Report on Form  20-F.
      Breaches of or changes in environmental or health and safety laws or regulations could expose us to claims for financial compensation and adverse regulatory consequences, as well as damaging our reputation.
      Aspects of our activities are potentially dangerous, such as the operation and maintenance of electricity lines and the transmission and distribution of natural gas. Electricity and gas utilities also typically use and generate in their operations hazardous and potentially hazardous products and by-products. In addition, there may be other aspects of our operations which are not currently regarded or proved to have adverse effects but could become so; for example, the effects of electric and magnetic fields. We are subject to laws and regulations relating to pollution, the protection of the environment, and how we use and dispose of hazardous substances and waste materials. We are also subject to laws and regulations governing health and safety matters protecting the public and our employees. Any breach of these obligations, or even incidents that do not amount to a breach, could adversely affect our results of operations and our reputation.
      Network failure or the inability to carry out critical non-network operations may have significant adverse impacts on both our financial position and our reputation.
      We may suffer a major network failure or may not be able to carry out critical non-network operations. Operational performance could be adversely affected by a failure to maintain the health of the system or network, inadequate forecasting of demand or inadequate record keeping. This could cause us to fail to meet agreed standards of service or be in breach of a license or approval, and even incidents that do not amount to a breach could result in adverse regulatory and financial consequences, as well as harming our reputation. In addition to these risks, we may be affected by other potential events that are

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largely outside of our control such as the impact of weather or unlawful acts of third parties. Weather conditions can affect financial performance, particularly in the United States, and severe weather that causes outages or damages infrastructure will adversely affect operational and potentially business performance. Terrorist attack, sabotage or other intentional acts may also physically damage our businesses or otherwise significantly affect corporate activities and as a consequence adversely impact our results of operations.
      Our results of operations depend on a number of factors relating to business performance including performance against regulatory targets and the delivery of anticipated cost and efficiency savings.
      Earnings maintenance and growth from our regulated gas and electricity businesses will be affected by our ability to meet or better efficiency targets set by the U.K. Office of Gas and Electricity Markets (“Ofgem”) and other regulators. From time to time, we also publish cost and efficiency savings targets for our businesses in the United Kingdom and the United States. To meet these targets, we must continue to improve operational performance. In the United States, under our state rate plans, earnings from our regulated businesses will be affected by our ability to deliver integration and efficiency savings. Earnings from our regulated businesses in both the United Kingdom and the United States also depend on meeting service quality standards set by regulators. To meet these standards, we must improve service reliability and customer service; and, if we do not meet these targets and standards, both our results of operations and our reputation may be harmed.
      Changes to the regulatory treatment of commodity costs may have an adverse effect on our results of operations.
      Changes in commodity prices could potentially impact our energy delivery businesses. Current regulatory arrangements in the United Kingdom and the United States provide the ability to pass through virtually all of the increased costs related to commodity prices to consumers. However, if regulators in the United Kingdom or the United States were to restrict this ability, it could have an adverse effect on our operating results.
      Our reputation may be harmed if consumers of energy suffer a disruption to their supply even if this disruption is outside our control.
      Our energy delivery businesses are responsible for transporting available electricity and gas. We consult with and provide information to regulators, governments and industry participants about future demand and the availability of supply. However, where there is insufficient supply our role is to manage the relevant system safely, which in extreme circumstances may require us to disconnect consumers.
      Business development activity, including acquisitions and disposals, may be based on incorrect assumptions or conclusions; significant liabilities may be overlooked or there may be other unanticipated or unintended effects.
      In February 2006, we announced the acquisitions of KeySpan Corporation and the Rhode Island gas distribution business of Southern Union Company. These transactions are subject to a number of conditions precedent, in particular, approvals from relevant regulators and, in the case of the acquisition of KeySpan, the approval of both its and our shareholders. These approvals may not be received or they may be granted but on terms that are different than anticipated. We have also announced that we expect to achieve certain levels of synergy and efficiency savings from these transactions, but these may not subsequently be achievable. See the “Acquisitions and disposals” section of the Operating and Financial Review in our most recent Annual Report on Form  20-F.

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      Fluctuations in exchange rates, interest rates and commodity price indices, in particular, in the U.S. dollar could have a significant impact on our results of operations because we have substantial business interests in the United States and because of the significant proportion of our borrowings, derivative financial instruments and commodity contracts that may potentially be affected by such fluctuations.
      We currently have significant operations in the United States and the proportion of our activities located there will substantially increase following the completion of the acquisition of KeySpan and the Rhode Island gas distribution business of Southern Union Company. These businesses are subject to the risks normally associated with foreign operations, including the need to translate U.S. assets and liabilities, and income and expenses, into sterling, our primary reporting currency. Our results of operations may be similarly impacted because a significant proportion of our borrowings, derivative financial instruments and commodity contracts are affected by changes in exchange rates, interest rates and commodity price indices, in particular, the U.S. dollar to sterling exchange rate. For further information about this, see the “Financial position and financial management” section of the Operating and Financial Review in our most recent Annual Report on Form  20-F.
      The nature and extent of our borrowings means that an increase in interest rates could have an adverse impact on our financial position and business results.
      A significant proportion of our borrowings are subject to variable interest rates which may fluctuate with changes to prevailing interest rates. Increases in these interest rates could therefore increase our costs and diminish our profits. For further information about this, see the ‘Financial position and financial management’ section of the Operating and Financial Review in our most recent Annual Report on Form  20-F.
      Our financial position may be adversely affected by a number of factors including restrictions in borrowing and debt arrangements, changes to credit ratings and effective tax rates.
      We are subject to certain covenants and restrictions in relation to our listed debt securities and our bank lending facilities. We are also subject to restrictions on financing which have been imposed by regulators. These restrictions may hinder us in servicing the financial requirements of our current businesses or the financing of newly acquired or developing businesses. Our debt is rated by credit rating agencies and changes to these ratings may affect both our borrowing capacity and the cost of those borrowings. The effective rate of tax we pay may be influenced by a number of factors including changes in law and accounting standards, the proportion of our business operations which are located in the United States and our overall approach to tax planning, the results of which could increase that rate.
      Future funding requirements of our pension schemes could adversely affect our results of operations.
      We participate in a number of pension schemes which together cover substantially all of our employees. In both the United Kingdom and the United States, the principal schemes are defined benefit schemes where the scheme assets are held independently of our finances. Estimates of the amount and timing of future funding for these schemes are based on various actuarial assumptions and other factors including, among other things, the actual and projected market performance of the scheme assets, future long-term bond yields, average life expectancies and relevant legal requirements. The impact of these assumptions and other factors may require us to make additional contributions to these pension schemes which, to the extent they are not recoverable under our price controls or state rate plans, could adversely affect our results of operations.

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      New or revised accounting standards, rules and interpretations by the United Kingdom, United States or international accounting standard setting boards and other relevant bodies could have an adverse effect on our reported financial results.
      With the adoption of IFRS, as adopted by the European Union, changes in the accounting treatment of replacement expenditure, regulatory assets, pension and post-retirement benefits, derivative financial instruments and commodity contracts have significantly affected the way we report our financial position and results of operations. New standards, rules or interpretations may be issued which could also have significant effects. In addition, as a body of practice develops, the application of accounting principles to our particular circumstances may change.
Risks related to the offering of debt securities generally
      Because of our holding company structure, the debt securities will be effectively subordinated to all indebtedness and liabilities of our subsidiaries.
      We are a holding company and conduct substantially all of our operations through our subsidiaries. As a result, claims of holders of the debt securities will be effectively subordinated to the indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries. In the event of the insolvency, liquidation or dissolution of a subsidiary, following payment by such subsidiary of its liabilities, such subsidiary may not have sufficient assets remaining to make payments to us as a shareholder or otherwise. Therefore, the claims of the holders of the debt securities would be structurally subordinated to the prior claims of the creditors of our subsidiaries.
      In the event our subsidiaries default on their debt liabilities, their creditors could elect to declare all amounts borrowed, together with accrued and unpaid interest and other fees, to be due and payable prior to any distributions by any such subsidiaries to us to pay interest or principal due on the debt securities. This could adversely affect our ability to make payments to holders of debt securities.
      We will depend upon dividends from our subsidiaries to meet our obligations under the debt securities.
      Dividends, other permitted distributions from our subsidiaries and payments of interest on intercompany loans are expected to be our principal source of funds to meet ongoing cash requirements, including debt service payments and other expenses. Some of our subsidiaries are subject to laws restricting the amount of dividends they may pay.
      National Grid USA and its public utility subsidiaries are also subject to restrictions on the payment of dividends by regulatory order and by contract, which may limit the amount of funds available for us to make payments with respect to the debt securities. These subsidiaries may pay dividends up to an amount equal to cumulative retained earnings, including pre-acquisition retained earnings. Orders by regulatory commissions require them to maintain a ratio of at least 30% equity to capital.
      Under the U.K. Companies Act 1985, generally, certain of our subsidiaries may declare a dividend to the extent accumulated realized profits exceed accumulated realized losses. In addition, Ofgem requires certain of our U.K. regulated subsidiaries to certify prior to declaring or recommending a dividend that they have complied with certain financial ring fencing obligations within the relevant regulatory license. These restrictions may limit the amount of funds available for us to make payments with respect to the debt securities.

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      The inability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends to us in an amount sufficient to enable us to meet our cash requirements at the holding company level could have a material adverse effect on our operations and ability to satisfy our obligations to you under the debt securities.
      Our subsidiaries have no obligation to pay interest or principal due on the debt securities or to make funds available to us for that purpose, whether in the form of loans, dividends or other distributions. Accordingly, our ability to repay the debt securities at maturity or otherwise may depend upon our ability to refinance the debt securities, which will in turn depend, in large part, upon factors beyond our control.
      An investment in our debt securities may not be a suitable investment for you.
      You should determine the suitability of that investment in light of your own circumstances. In particular, you should:
  (i) have sufficient knowledge and experience to make a meaningful evaluation of the relevant debt securities, the merits and risks of investing in the relevant debt securities and the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any amendment or supplement thereto;
 
  (ii) have access to, and knowledge of, appropriate analytical tools to evaluate, in the context of your particular financial situation, an investment in the relevant debt securities and the impact such investment will have on your overall investment portfolio;
 
  (iii) have sufficient financial resources and liquidity to bear all of the risks of an investment in the relevant debt securities, including where principal or interest is payable in one or more currencies, or where the currency for principal or interest payments is different from the currency in which you conduct your financial activities;
 
  (iv) understand thoroughly the terms of the relevant debt securities and be familiar with the behaviour of any relevant indices and financial markets; and
 
  (v) be able to evaluate (either alone or with the help of a financial adviser) possible scenarios for economic, interest rate and other factors that may affect your investment and your ability to bear the applicable risks.
      Some debt securities are complex financial instruments and may be purchased as a way to reduce risk or enhance yield with an understood, measured, appropriate addition of risk to an overall portfolio. You should not invest in debt securities which are complex financial instruments unless you have the expertise (either alone or with the help of a financial adviser) to evaluate how the debt securities will perform under changing conditions, the resulting effects on the value of such debt securities and the impact this investment will have on your overall investment portfolio.
      The debt securities are subject to modification, waivers and substitution.
      The indenture pursuant to which any debt securities will be issued contains provisions for calling meetings of debt security holders to consider matters affecting their interests generally. These provisions permit defined majorities to bind all debt security holders including debt security holders who did not attend and vote at the relevant meeting and debt security holders who voted in a manner contrary to the majority.

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      We and the trustee may modify or amend the indenture and the debt securities without the consent of any holder in order to, among other things:
  •  provide for our successor pursuant to a consolidation, amalgamation, merger or sale of assets provided that certain conditions are met;
 
  •  add to our covenants for the benefit of the holders of the debt securities or to surrender any right or power conferred upon us by the indenture;
 
  •  provide for a successor trustee with respect to the debt securities;
 
  •  cure any ambiguity or correct or supplement any provision in the indenture which may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision, or to make any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under the indenture which will not adversely affect the interests of the holders of the debt securities;
 
  •  change the conditions, limitations and restrictions on the authorized amount, terms or purposes of issue, authentication and delivery of the debt securities under the indenture;
 
  •  add any additional events of default with respect to the debt securities;
 
  •  provide for conversion or exchange rights of the holders of the debt securities; or
 
  •  make any other change that does not materially adversely affect the interests of the holders of the debt securities.
      See “Description of the Debt Securities — Modification and Waiver”.
      If we default on our obligations with respect to the debt securities, your right to receive payments on the debt securities may be adversely affected by U.K. insolvency laws.
      We, and a number of our subsidiaries, are incorporated under the laws of England and Wales. Accordingly, insolvency proceedings with respect to us or our subsidiaries would be likely to proceed under, and be governed by, English insolvency laws. The procedural and substantive provisions of these laws currently are generally more favorable to secured creditors and less favorable to unsecured creditors than comparable provisions of current U.S. law. These provisions afford debtors and unsecured creditors, including holders of debt securities, only limited protection from the claims of secured creditors. It will generally not be possible for us or our unsecured creditors, including the holders of the debt securities, to prevent or delay any secured creditors from enforcing their security to repay the debts due to them.
      There currently exists no market for the debt securities and we cannot assure you that an active trading market will develop.
      Prior to this offering, there has been no market for the debt securities. The underwriters for any series of debt securities may make a market in the debt securities after the offering for a particular series is completed. However, the underwriters may cease their market-making at any time without notice. The liquidity of the trading market in the debt securities, and the market price quoted for the debt securities, may be adversely affected by many factors, including changes in the overall market for debt securities generally or the interest of securities dealers in making a market in the debt securities and by changes in our financial performance or in the prospects for companies in our industry generally.

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      You may have difficulty effecting service of process on us or enforcing judgments against us in the United States.
      We are incorporated pursuant to the laws of England and Wales. In addition, most of our directors reside outside the United States, and a substantial portion of our assets and the assets of such persons are located in jurisdictions outside the United States, in the United Kingdom in particular, as of the date of this prospectus. As such, we have been advised that there is doubt as to whether:
  •  a holder of the debt securities would be able to enforce, in the English courts, judgments of U.S. courts against persons who reside in England and Wales based upon the civil liability provisions of the United States federal securities laws; and
 
  •  a holder of the debt would be able to bring an original action in the English courts to enforce liabilities against us or our directors, as well as the experts named in this prospectus, who reside outside the United States, based solely upon U.S. federal securities laws.
Risks related to the structure of a particular issue of debt securities
      We may issue debt securities which are subject to optional redemption.
      An optional redemption feature is likely to limit the market value of debt securities. During any period when we may elect to redeem debt securities, the market value of those debt securities generally will not rise substantially above the price at which they can be redeemed. This also may be true prior to any redemption period.
      We may be expected to redeem debt securities when our cost of borrowing is lower than the interest rate on the debt securities. At those times, you generally would not be able to reinvest the redemption proceeds at an effective interest rate as high as the interest rate on the debt securities being redeemed and may only be able to do so at a significantly lower rate. You should consider reinvestment risk in light of other investments available at that time.
      We may issue fixed/floating rate debt securities.
      Fixed/floating rate debt securities may bear interest at a rate that we may elect to convert from a fixed rate to a floating rate, or from a floating rate to a fixed rate. Our ability to convert the interest rate will affect the secondary market and the market value of such debt securities since we may be expected to convert the rate when it is likely to produce a lower overall cost of borrowing. If we convert from a fixed rate to a floating rate, the spread on the fixed/floating rate debt securities may be less favourable than the prevailing spreads on comparable floating rate debt securities tied to the same reference rate. In addition, the new floating rate at any time may be lower than the rates on other debt securities. If we convert from a floating rate to a fixed rate, the fixed rate may be lower than the prevailing rates on its debt securities.
      We may issue debt securities issued at a substantial discount or premium.
      The market values of securities issued at a substantial discount or premium to their nominal amount tend to fluctuate more in relation to general changes in interest rates than do prices for conventional interest-bearing securities. Generally, the longer the remaining term of the securities, the greater the price volatility as compared to conventional interest-bearing securities with comparable maturities.
Risks related to the market generally
      Your investment in debt securities is subject to interest rate risks.
      Investment in a fixed rate debt security involves the risk that subsequent changes in market interest rates may adversely affect the value of any fixed rate debt securities.
      Any credit ratings applicable to the debt securities may not reflect all risks.
      One or more independent credit rating agencies may assign credit ratings to an issue of debt securities. These debt security ratings reflect the views of the rating agencies. A more complete

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explanation of the significance of these ratings may be obtained from the rating agencies. The ratings may not reflect the potential impact of all risks related to structure, market, additional factors discussed above, and other factors that may affect the value of the debt securities. A credit rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities. Any rating can be revised upward or downward or withdrawn at any time by a rating agency if it decides that the circumstances warrant the change. Each rating should be evaluated independently of any other rating.
      There is a risk that legal investment considerations may restrict certain investments.
      Your investment activities may be subject to legal investment laws and regulations, or review or regulation by certain authorities. You should consult your legal advisers to determine whether and to what extent (1) debt securities are legal investments for you, (2) debt securities can be used as collateral for various types of borrowing that you may wish to conduct and (3) other restrictions apply to its purchase or pledge of any debt securities by you. In particular, if you are a financial institution, you should consult your legal advisers or the appropriate regulators to determine the appropriate treatment of debt securities under any applicable risk-based capital or similar rules applicable to you.

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
      This prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus contain certain statements that are neither reported financial results nor other historical information. These statements are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). These statements include information with respect to our financial condition, our results of operations and businesses, strategy, plans, objectives and the expected impact of this offering on the foregoing. Words such as “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “may,” “will,” “continue,” “project” and similar expressions, as well as statements in the future tense, identify forward-looking statements.
      These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of our future performance and are subject to assumptions, risks and uncertainties that could cause actual future results to differ materially from those expressed in or implied by the forward-looking statements. Many of these assumptions, risks and uncertainties relate to factors that are beyond our ability to control or estimate precisely, such as:
  •  delays in obtaining, or adverse conditions contained in, regulatory approvals and contractual consents, including those required to complete the announced U.S. acquisitions when or as planned;
 
  •  unseasonable weather affecting the demand for electricity and gas;
 
  •  competition and industry restructuring;
 
  •  changes in economic conditions;
 
  •  currency fluctuations;
 
  •  changes in interest and tax rates;
 
  •  changes in energy market prices;
 
  •  changes in historical weather patterns;
 
  •  changes in laws, regulations or regulatory policies;
 
  •  developments in legal or public policy doctrines;
 
  •  the impact of changes to accounting standards;
 
  •  technological developments;
 
  •  the ability to integrate the businesses relating to the announced U.S. acquisitions with our existing business and realize the expected synergies from such integration;
 
  •  the availability of new acquisition opportunities and the timing and success of future acquisition opportunities;
 
  •  the impact of the sales of businesses by us;
 
  •  the failure for any reason to achieve reductions in costs or to achieve operational efficiencies;
 
  •  the failure to retain key management;
 
  •  the behavior of U.K. electricity market participants on system balancing;
 
  •  the timing of amendments in prices to shippers in the U.K. gas market;

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  •  the performance of our pension schemes and the regulatory treatment of pension costs; and
 
  •  any adverse consequences arising from outages on or otherwise affecting energy networks, including gas pipelines, which we own or operate.
      Other factors are discussed in “Risk Factors” above, and under “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” and “Risk factors” included in our most recent Annual Report on Form  20-F and may be discussed in the accompanying prospectus supplement. We may also make or disclose written and/or oral forward-looking statements in reports filed with or furnished to the SEC, our annual reports and accounts to shareholders, proxy statements, offering circulars, registration statements, prospectuses, prospectus supplements, press releases and other written materials and in oral statements made by our directors or employees to third parties, including financial analysts. We undertake no obligation to update any of our forward-looking statements.
      The effects of these factors are difficult to predict. New factors emerge from time to time and we cannot assess the potential impact of any such factor on the business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
      We are subject to the filing requirements of the Exchange Act. In accordance with the Exchange Act, we file such reports and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available over the internet at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. The address of the SEC’s internet site is provided solely for the information of prospective investors and is not intended to be an active link incorporating any materials via such website, except as described below. You may also read and copy any document we file at the SEC’s public reference room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at (800)  SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference room.
      You may request a copy of the filings referred to above at no cost by writing or telephoning us at our registered office at 1-3 Strand, London WC2N 5EH, England, 011-44-207-004-3000, attn: Investor Relations.
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
      This prospectus “incorporates by reference” certain of the reports and other information that we have filed with the SEC under the Exchange Act. This means that we are disclosing important information to you by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be a part of this prospectus. Information filed with the SEC after the date of this prospectus will update and supersede this information. We incorporate by reference in this prospectus the documents listed below:
  •  Our Annual Report on Form  20-F for the year ended March 31, 2006;
 
  •  Any future reports on Form  6-K that we may file that indicate that they are incorporated by reference into this Registration Statement; and
 
  •  Any future Annual Reports on Form  20-F that we may file with the SEC under the Exchange Act prior to the termination of any offering contemplated by this prospectus.
      Information in this prospectus may be modified by information included in subsequent Exchange Act filings that we incorporate by reference, the result of which is that only the information as modified

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will be part of this prospectus. All other information in the prospectus will be unaffected by the replacement of this superseded information.
EXCHANGE RATE INFORMATION
      The following table sets forth the history of the exchange rates of one pound sterling to U.S. dollars for the periods indicated. Please see our Annual Report on Form  20-F for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2006 for additional exchange rate information which is incorporated by reference.
                                                         
    Pound Sterling/U.S. Dollar Exchange Rate History(1)
     
    May   April   March   February   January   December   November
    2006   2006   2006   2006   2006   2005   2005
                             
Last(2)
    1.8732       1.8220       1.7393       1.7539       1.7820       1.7188       1.7321  
Average(3)
    1.8687       1.7680       1.7442       1.7480       1.7686       1.7458       1.7349  
High
    1.8911       1.8220       1.7567       1.7807       1.7885       1.7740       1.7755  
Low
    1.8286       1.7389       1.7256       1.7343       1.7404       1.7188       1.7138  
 
(1)  Data obtained from Bloomberg Professional ® Services, Bloomberg L.P.
 
(2)  “Last” is the closing exchange rate on the last business day of each of the periods indicated.
 
(3)  “Average” is the average daily exchange rate during the periods indicated.

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THE COMPANY
Overview
      National Grid plc is the name of our holding company which was the product of a recommended merger between National Grid Group plc and Lattice Group plc (“Lattice”). This merger was implemented by way of a court-sanctioned scheme of arrangement under the U.K. Companies Act 1985 between Lattice and its shareholders and was completed on October 21, 2002. Following the closing of the merger, National Grid Group plc was renamed National Grid Transco plc. On July 26, 2005 our name was changed to National Grid plc.
      Our website address is http://www.nationalgrid.com. Information contained on our website does not constitute part of this prospectus.
      The description of our business below contains information and data as of the date of this prospectus and may be amended or supplemented by the accompanying prospectus supplement and documents incorporated by reference herein or therein.
Our Business
      Our principal operations are in regulated networks and comprise the transmission and distribution of electricity and gas and the provision of network infrastructure to the broadcast and telecommunications industries, based mainly in the United Kingdom and the United States. We also have interests in related markets, including metering services, liquefied natural gas (LNG) facilities and property in the United Kingdom as well as electricity interconnectors in the United Kingdom and Australia. Our business operations are divided into the following segments for reporting purposes:
  •  U.K. electricity and gas transmission;
 
  •  U.S. electricity transmission;
 
  •  U.K. gas distribution;
 
  •  U.S. electricity and gas distribution;
 
  •  U.S. stranded cost recoveries; and
 
  •  Wireless infrastructure.
Our remaining businesses are described under “Other Activities”. These segments reflect the management responsibilities and economic characteristics of each activity. Further information about each of these segments is set out below.
      Our principal subsidiaries are: National Grid Electricity Transmission plc, which operates our U.K. electricity transmission business; National Grid Gas plc, which operates our U.K. gas transmission and U.K. gas distribution businesses; and National Grid USA, the holding company for our U.S. electricity and gas distribution and electricity transmission businesses. Our U.S. operating companies include Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation, Massachusetts Electric Company and New England Power Company.
     U.K. Electricity and Gas Transmission
      We own the electricity transmission system in England and Wales. Our electricity assets comprise approximately 4,500 miles of overhead line, about 415 miles of underground cable and 337 substations at 240 sites. We are responsible for managing the operations of both the England and Wales transmission system that we own and also the two high-voltage electricity transmission networks in Scotland. Day-to -day operation of the Great Britain electricity transmission system involves the continuous real-time matching of demand and generation output, ensuring the stability and security of the power system and the maintenance of satisfactory voltage and frequency.

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      We also own the gas transmission network in Great Britain. This comprises approximately 4,300 miles of high pressure pipe and 26 compressor stations, connecting to eight regional distribution networks and third party independent systems for onward transportation of gas to end consumers. We operate the gas transmission network, which includes balancing supply and demand, maintaining satisfactory system pressures and ensuring gas quality standards are met.
      We own and operate the U.K. assets, and a portion of the subsea cables, that comprise the electricity connector between England and France as part of a joint arrangement with the French transmission operator, RTE. We also own and operate four LNG storage facilities in the United Kingdom.
     U.S. Electricity Transmission
      In the United States, we own and operate an electricity transmission network of approximately 9,000 miles spanning upstate New York, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire and Vermont. Our U.S. transmission facilities operate at voltages ranging from 69 kV to 345kV, utilizing nearly 8,900 miles of overhead lines, 94 miles of underground cable and 496 substations. We are the largest electricity transmission service provider in the northeastern United States by reference to the length of these high-voltage transmission lines. In addition, we own and operate a 139-mile direct current transmission line rated at 450 kV that is a key section of an interconnector between New England and Canada.
     U.K. Gas Distribution
      Our U.K. gas distribution segment comprises almost half of Great Britain’s gas distribution network, and is the largest gas distribution network in the country, consisting of approximately 82,000 miles of distribution pipelines. We transport gas on behalf of approximately 70 active gas shippers from the gas transmission network through our four retained regional gas distribution networks to around 11 million consumers. We continue to be responsible for the safety, development, maintenance and daily operation of our U.K. gas distribution networks. We also continue to manage the national emergency number for the Great Britain gas distribution network.
     U.S. Electricity and Gas Distribution
      We are one of the leading electricity distribution service providers in the northeastern United States, as measured by energy delivered, and one of the largest utilities in the United States, as measured by the number of electricity distribution customers. Our U.S. electricity and gas distribution currently serves approximately 3.4 million electricity customers over a network of 72,000 circuit miles in New England and New York and around 569,000 gas customers over a pipeline of 8,600 miles in New York. We have entered into two agreements to expand significantly our operations in the northeastern United States. These comprise the proposed acquisition of KeySpan Corporation for $7.3 billion, together with the assumption of approximately $4.5 billion of debt, and the proposed acquisition from Southern Union Company of its Rhode Island gas distribution network for cash consideration of $498 million and assumed debt of $77 million.

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     U.S. Stranded Cost Recoveries
      The U.S. stranded cost recoveries segment captures the recovery of some of our historical investments in generating plants together with the costs incurred under certain commodity purchase contracts that were “stranded” when we divested our generation business during the industry restructuring in New England and New York. In addition, this segment includes the recovery of certain above-market costs of commodity purchase contracts that were in place at the time of restructuring and deregulation.
     Wireless Infrastructure
      We have around 5,000 active sites used for mobile communications. Our main activity is the provision of sites under contracts to the U.K. mobile phone operators. In addition, sites are also used by other customers such as the emergency services and taxi companies. We also provide other services such as site design, antenna installation and project management. In total, we have around 13,500 marketable sites. Our broadcast transmission business is a network of transmission towers and broadcast equipment. It has contracts to transmit analog and digital radio and television signals for reception by the public from content providers. We own some 750 purpose built broadcast towers and associated transmission equipment used for this purpose. We also hold licenses for two digital television multiplexes utilized by broadcasters to broadcast eleven digital channels in the United Kingdom. Our U.S. business provides communications infrastructure and related network services to wireless and fixed network operators in the northeastern United States. Services include the use of communication towers, wireless pylon attachments, distributed antenna system networks and related network services and a dark fiber network.
     Other Activities
      National Grid Metering and OnStream provide installation, maintenance and meter reading services to gas and electricity suppliers in the regulated and unregulated markets respectively. National Grid Metering provides services for an asset base of around 20 million domestic, industrial and commercial gas meters. OnStream’s focus is the provision of metering services to the competitive market. National Grid Australia provides the 224-mile 600 MW interconnector linking the electricity network on the island state of Tasmania to mainland Australia. National Grid Grain is an LNG import terminal and storage facility constructed and operated in the U.K. National Grid Property is responsible for the management of all our major occupied property in the United Kingdom and the management and clean up and disposal of surplus properties (largely comprising contaminated gas works). Fulcrum Connections provides gas connections and associated design services on behalf of gas distribution networks in the United Kingdom. Advantica is a consultancy business providing engineering and software services to enhance safety and performance in the gas, oil, electricity and water sectors primarily in the United Kingdom and the United States.
USE OF PROCEEDS
      Except as otherwise described in the accompanying prospectus supplement, we expect to use the net proceeds from the sale of the debt securities we offer under this prospectus for general corporate purposes.
RATIOS OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
      The following table sets forth our ratio of earnings to fixed charges for the periods indicated, using financial information compiled in accordance with IFRS and U.S. GAAP, respectively. IFRS, as adopted by the European Union, is our primary GAAP. Our transition date to IFRS is April 1, 2004. Consequently, no figures are provided for years ending prior to that date.

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    Year Ended March 31,
     
    2006   2005   2004   2003   2002
                     
Earnings to fixed charges — IFRS
    2.91       2.62                    
Earnings to fixed charges — U.S. GAAP
    2.03       3.11       2.00       1.96       2.62  
      The ratio of earnings to fixed charges is computed by dividing earnings by fixed charges. Earnings represents pre-tax income from continuing operations before minority interests, income or loss from joint ventures and associates, fixed charges, amortization of capitalized interest, plus dividends received from joint ventures and associates, less capitalized interest. Fixed charges includes interest expense (including amortized premiums, discounts and capitalized expenses related to indebtedness and, for IFRS, excluding amounts recognized in interest in respect of pension liabilities) plus interest portion of lease rentals and preferred stock dividends.
CAPITALIZATION AND INDEBTEDNESS
      The following table sets forth our capitalization on an actual basis, using financial information compiled in accordance with IFRS, as of March 31, 2006. You should read this table in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes.
           
    As of
    March 31,
    2006
     
    (£ million)
Bank loans and overdrafts
    550  
Other bonds
    9,598  
Finance leases
    115  
Other loans
    24  
       
Total long-term debt
    10,287  
Total short-term debt
    2,842  
Total Debt(1)
    £13,129  
       
Shareholders’ Equity
       
 
Called up share capital
    310  
 
Share premium account
    1,316  
 
Retained earnings
    6,817  
 
Translation reserve
    127  
 
Cash flow hedges reserve
    37  
 
Available-for-sale investment reserve
    6  
 
Other reserves
    (5,131 )
       
Total Shareholder’s Equity
    £3,482  
       
Total Capitalization
    £16,611  
       
 
(1) Net of issuance costs and premiums or discounts. As of March 31, 2006, we had net debt related derivative assets of £443 million.
      Account has been taken of liabilities and guarantees between undertakings within the same group.
      Charges over our property, plant and other assets were provided as collateral over borrowings as at March 31, 2006 totaling £607 million.
      The value of our contingencies at March 31, 2006 amounted to £334 million including guarantees amounting to £149 million.

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      Details of the guarantees entered into by the company at March 31, 2006 are shown below:
  i) Performance guarantees of £20 million relating to certain property obligations of one of our undertakings. The bulk of these expire by December 2025;
 
  ii) A guarantee of £50 million of the obligations of one of our undertakings to make payments of any liabilities under a meter operating contract that runs until May 2008;
 
  iii) A performance guarantee relating to the construction of the Victoria to Tasmania interconnector of 48 million Australian Dollars (£20 million). This halved on commissioning in April 2006 and expires in November 2006;
 
  iv) A guarantee of the payment obligations of one of our undertakings in respect of a power connection agreement amounting to an annual maximum of 7 million Australian Dollars, reducing over the term of the contract. This runs until June 2051, but the maximum potential payout is estimated as £5 million;
 
  v) A guarantee of the payment obligations of one of our undertakings in respect of a nitrogen supply agreement amounting to a maximum potential payout of £14 million subject to a cap of £1 million per annum. This runs until November 2019;
 
  vi) A guarantee of the payment obligations of one of our undertakings in respect of a power connection agreement amounting to a maximum potential payout of £14 million subject to a cap of £7 million per annum. This runs until December 2024;
 
  vii) Guarantees in respect of a former associate amounting to £14 million, the bulk of which relates to its obligations to supply telecommunications services. This is open-ended; and
 
  viii) Other guarantees amounting to £12 million arising in the normal course of business and entered into on normal commercial terms. These guarantees run for varying lengths of time.
      NG has guaranteed the repayment of principal sum, any associated premium and interest on specific loans due from certain of our undertakings to third parties. At March 31, 2006, the sterling equivalent amounted to £2,082 million. The guarantees are for varying terms between one month and twelve years.
      At March 31, 2006, NG has also guaranteed the lease obligations of a former associate to our undertakings, amounting to £31 million.
      The information contained in the Capitalization Table is extracted without material adjustment from NG’s audited consolidated financial statements as at March 31, 2006.
      There has been no material change in the contingent liabilities or guarantees of NG since March 31, 2006.
      As at March 31, 2006, we had cash and short-term investments of £1,836 million.

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DESCRIPTION OF THE DEBT SECURITIES
General
      The debt securities will be issued under an indenture between us and The Bank of New York, as trustee. We have summarized material provisions of the indenture below. The summary is not complete and is subject to, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, all provisions of the indenture, including the definition of certain terms in the indenture and those terms to be made a part of the indenture by the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended. The form of indenture is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and you should read the indenture for provisions that may be important to you. In this summary, we have included reference to section numbers in the indenture so that you can easily locate these provisions. Capitalized terms used in this summary have the meanings specified in the indenture. In this summary, “we”, “our” or “us” means NG and its successors under the indenture only and does not include any of its subsidiaries.
      The indenture does not limit the aggregate principal amount of the debt securities which we may issue under it and provides that we may issue debt securities under it from time to time in one or more series. The indenture does not limit the amount of other indebtedness or the debt securities which we or our subsidiaries may issue.
      We describe in this section the general terms that will apply to any series of debt securities that may be offered under this prospectus. At the time that we offer debt securities, we will describe in the related prospectus supplement the specific terms of the debt securities of a series and the extent to which the general terms described in this section apply or do not apply to those securities.
      The debt securities will be our direct, unsecured obligations and will rank equally with all of our other existing and future unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness. In each case, these obligations shall be without any preference among themselves. This will be subject, in the event of insolvency, to laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights. Other unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness may contain covenants, events of default and other provisions which are different from or which are not contained in the debt securities.
      We will issue debt securities in series. Each series of debt securities may have different terms, and, in some cases, debt securities of the same series may have different terms. We will describe the following terms of the particular series of debt securities being offered in the applicable prospectus supplement:
  •  the designation, aggregate principal amount and authorized or any minimum denominations of the series of debt securities,
 
  •  the percentage or percentages of principal amount (price to public) at which the debt securities of the series will be issued,
 
  •  certain dates or periods, including:
  (a)  the original issue date or dates or periods during which the debt securities may be issued,
  (b)  the date or dates (or manner of determining the same), if any, on which, or the range of dates, if any, within which, the principal of (and premium, if any, on) the debt securities of the series is payable, and

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  (c)  the record dates, if any, for the determination of holders to whom such principal (and premium, if any, thereon) is payable,
  •  information with regard to interest, including:
  (a)  the rate or rates per annum (and the manner or basis of calculation thereof) at which the debt securities of the series shall bear interest (if any),
 
  (b)  the date or dates from which such interest shall accrue,
 
  (c)  the interest payment dates on which such interest shall be payable (or manner of determining the same), and
 
  (d)  the regular record date for the interest payable on any interest payment date,
  •  the place or places where:
  (a)  the principal of (and premium, if any, on) and interest, if any, on debt securities of the series shall be payable,
 
  (b)  debt securities of the series may be presented for transfer or exchange,
 
  (c)  notices and demands to or upon us may be served, and
 
  (d)  commercial banks and foreign exchange markets must be open to settle payments to constitute a good business day,
  •  the terms and conditions, if any, upon which debt securities of the series may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at our option or otherwise,
 
  •  our obligation, if any, to redeem, repurchase or repay debt securities of the series pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of a holder thereof and the terms and conditions in respect thereof,
 
  •  with respect to debt securities of a series, if other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of such debt securities of the series which shall be payable upon a redemption prior to maturity or a declaration of acceleration of the maturity following an event of default, if any, thereof,
 
  •  any stock exchange on which we will list a series of debt securities,
 
  •  any additional events of default (as defined below),
 
  •  any additional covenants or agreements with respect to the debt securities of the series,
 
  •  if a person other than The Bank of New York is to act as trustee for the debt securities of any series, the name and location of the corporate trust office of such trustee and, with respect to any debt securities of a series, if a person other than the applicable trustee, in its capacity as principal paying agent for the debt securities, is to act as such agent, the name and location of the principal office of such principal paying agent,
 
  •  if other than U.S. dollars, the currency or currency unit in which any payments on the debt securities of the series shall be made or in which the debt securities of the series shall be denominated,

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  •  if applicable, the fact that the terms of the applicable indenture described below under “Discharge, Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance” will not apply with respect to the debt securities of the series,
 
  •  the date as of which any Global Security representing outstanding debt securities of the series shall be dated if other than the date of original issuance of the first security of the series to be issued,
 
  •  if applicable, the fact that the terms of the applicable indenture described under “— Redemption of Debt Securities for Tax Reasons” and “— Payment of Additional Amounts” below will not apply with respect to the debt securities of the series,
 
  •  whether the debt securities of the series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of a global security or notes and, in such case, the depositary for such global security or notes,
 
  •  whether any legends shall be stamped or imprinted on all or a portion of the debt securities of a series, and the terms and conditions upon which any such legends may be removed,
 
  •  information with respect to book-entry procedures, if any,
 
  •  any other terms of that series, and
 
  •  any material U.K. or U.S. federal tax consequences applicable to the particular series which are not disclosed in this Prospectus.
      The indenture does not contain any provisions that would limit our ability to incur indebtedness or that would afford holders of the debt securities protection in the event of a sudden and significant decline in our credit quality or a takeover, recapitalization or highly leveraged or similar transaction involving us. Accordingly, we could in the future enter into transactions that could increase the amount of indebtedness outstanding at that time or otherwise affect our capital structure or credit rating.
Denominations, Registration and Transfer
      Unless the applicable prospectus supplement provides otherwise, we will issue debt securities registered in the name of holders as set out in the books of the security registrar (each, a “registered security,” or a security in “registered form”).
      Unless the applicable prospectus supplement provides otherwise, registered securities will be represented by interests in one or more global securities (each, a “Global Security,” or a security in “global form”) deposited with a nominee for, and accepted for settlement and clearance by, one or more of The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) and a common depositary for Euroclear Bank S.A./ N.V. (“Euroclear”) and Clearstream Banking, Société anonyme (“Clearstream”), as described under “Global Securities” below. Registered securities will be issued in such denominations as are specified in the applicable prospectus supplement and a Global Security will be issued in a denomination equal to the aggregate principal amount of outstanding debt securities of the series represented by such Global Security, unless the applicable prospectus supplement provides otherwise.
      In the circumstances described below under “— Securities in Definitive Form,” we may physically issue and deliver certificated securities in registered form, which are referred to as securities in “definitive form”. Registered securities of any series issued in definitive form will be exchangeable for other registered securities of the same series, of a like aggregate principal amount and tenor and of different authorized denominations. A registered security issued in definitive form may be presented for registration of transfer (with the form of transfer duly executed), at the office of the security registrar or at the office of any transfer agent we designate for such purpose with respect to any series of debt securities

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and referred to in an applicable prospectus supplement, without service charge but subject to payment of any taxes and other governmental charges as described in the indenture. Such transfer or exchange will be effected after the security registrar or transfer agent, as the case may be, is satisfied with the documents of title and identity of the person making the request. We have initially appointed the trustee as the security registrar under the indenture. If a prospectus supplement refers to any transfer agents (in addition to the security registrar) that we have initially designated with respect to any series of debt securities, we may at any time rescind the designation of any such transfer agent or approve a change in the location through which any such transfer agent acts, except that we will be required to maintain a transfer agent in each place of payment for such series. We may at any time designate additional transfer agents with respect to any series of debt securities.
      If the debt securities of a series are redeemed in part, we shall not be required to:
  •  issue, register the transfer of or exchange debt securities of any such series during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of the mailing of a notice of redemption of debt securities of that series selected to be redeemed and ending at the close of business on the day of mailing of the relevant notice of redemption, or
 
  •  register the transfer of or exchange any registered security, or portion thereof, called for redemption, except the unredeemed portion of any registered security being redeemed in part.
Global Securities
      The debt securities of a series may be represented in whole or in part by one or more Global Securities that will be registered in the name of and deposited with or on behalf of, DTC or a common depositary for Euroclear and Clearstream (a “Depositary”) or a nominee thereof. Global Securities will be issued in registered form unless the applicable prospectus supplement provides otherwise. Unless and until it is exchanged for registered securities in definitive form, any such Global Security may not be transferred except as a whole by the relevant Depositary to its nominee, or vice versa, or by a nominee to another nominee of such Depositary or, in either case, to a successor of such Depositary or a nominee of such successor.
      The specific terms of the depositary arrangement with respect to a series of debt securities will be described in the related prospectus supplement. We anticipate that the following provisions will apply to all depositary arrangements. See also “— Clearance and Settlement” below.
      Upon the issuance of a Global Security, the Depositary for such Global Security or its nominee will credit the accounts of persons entitled thereto with the respective beneficial interests in the principal amounts of the debt securities represented by such Global Security. Such accounts shall be designated by the underwriters, dealers or agents with respect to such debt securities, or by us if we offer and sell directly such debt securities. Ownership of beneficial interests in a Global Security will be limited to persons that have accounts with the Depositary for such Global Security or its nominee (“participants”) or persons that may hold interests through participants. Ownership of beneficial interests in the Global Security will be shown on, and the transfer of that ownership will be effected only through, records maintained by the Depositary or its nominee (with respect to interests of participants) for such Global Security and on the records of participants (with respect to interests of persons who hold interests through participants). The laws of some jurisdictions require that certain purchasers of securities take physical delivery of such securities in definitive form. Such limits and such laws may impair your ability to transfer beneficial interests in a Global Security.

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      So long as the relevant Depositary, or its nominee, is the registered owner of such Global Security, it will be considered the sole owner or holder of the debt securities represented by such Global Security for all purposes under the indenture governing the debt securities. Except as provided below, owners of beneficial interests in a Global Security will not be entitled to have debt securities of the series represented by such Global Security registered in their names, will not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of securities of such series in definitive form and will not be considered the owners or holders thereof under the indenture governing such debt securities. Such owners of beneficial interests will not have the direct right to act upon any solicitation for actions from holders of the debt securities and will be permitted to act only to the extent appropriate proxies to do so from DTC, Euroclear or Clearstream, as applicable, have been received. Similarly, upon the occurrence of an event of default, unless and until debt securities in definitive form are issued, owners of beneficial interests in Global Securities will be restricted to acting only to the extent appropriate proxies have been received from DTC, Euroclear or Clearstream, as applicable.
      Any payments of principal, premium, if any, or interest, if any, on debt securities registered in the name of a Depositary or its nominee will be made to it as the registered owner of the Global Security representing such debt securities. Neither we, nor any of the applicable trustees, paying agents or security registrars for such debt securities will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests of a Global Security for such debt securities or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests.
      We expect that the Depositary for a Global Security or its nominee, upon receipt of any payment of principal, premium (if any) or interest (if any), will credit participants’ accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in the principal amount of the debt securities of such series represented by such Global Security as shown on the records of such Depositary or its nominee. We also expect that payments by participants to owners of beneficial interests in such Global Security held through such participants will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with securities payable to bearer or registered in “street name” (holders of debt securities in accounts at banks or brokers), and will be the responsibility of such participants.
Securities in Definitive Form
      If a Depositary for a Global Security in respect of a series of debt securities is at any time unwilling or unable to continue as depositary, and we do not appoint a successor depositary within 120 days, or in the event of our winding up we fail to make any payment on any debt securities when due, and the trustee has received notice from the registered owner of such Global Security requesting the exchange of a specified amount of such debt securities for debt securities of such series in definitive form, we will issue registered securities in respect of the debt securities of such series in definitive form in exchange for the Global Security representing such series of debt securities.
      We may at any time and in our sole discretion determine that the registered securities, in respect of the debt securities of any series represented by one or more Global Securities, shall no longer be represented by such Global Security or Securities. In such event, we will issue registered securities in respect of the debt securities of such series in definitive form. Further, if we so specify with respect to the debt securities of a series, you may, on terms acceptable to us and the Depositary for such Global Security, receive registered securities of such series in definitive form.
      In any such instance, you will be entitled to physical delivery in definitive form of securities of the series of debt securities represented by such Global Security, equal in principal amount to your beneficial interest, registered in your name.

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      Debt securities of any series so issued in definitive form will only be issued as registered securities in authorized minimum denominations and bearing any applicable restrictive legend. There should be no tax consequences associated with an exchange of registered securities in global form for registered securities in definitive form. If we issue debt securities in definitive form in exchange for a particular Global Security, the relevant Depositary, as holder of that Global Security, will surrender it against receipt of the debt securities in definitive form, cancel the book-entry debt securities of that series, and distribute through DTC, Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, the debt securities in definitive form of that series to the persons and in the amounts specified by DTC, Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be.
      To the extent permitted by law, we, the trustee, the paying agents and the security registrars shall be entitled to treat the person in whose name any debt security in definitive form is registered as the absolute owner. Payments in respect of a debt security in definitive form will be made to the person in whose name the definitive debt security is registered as it appears in the register for that series. They will be made either by check mailed or delivered to the address of the person entitled thereto as such address shall appear in the security register or by wire transfer to an account maintained by the person entitled thereto as specified in the security register. Debt securities issued in definitive form should be presented to the applicable paying agent for redemption.
      Holders of debt securities in definitive form will have the direct right to act upon any solicitation for actions from holders of the debt securities, including upon the occurrence of an event of default, and will not be required to rely upon receipt of proxies from DTC, Euroclear or Clearstream.
Payments on Debt Securities
      The applicable prospectus supplement will specify the date on which we will pay interest, if any, and the date for payments of principal (and premium, if any, thereon) on any particular series of debt securities. The prospectus supplement will also specify the interest rate or rates, if any, or how such rate or rates will be calculated.
Redemption at the Option of NG
      The applicable prospectus supplement will specify whether we may redeem the debt securities of any series, in whole or in part, at our option or in any other circumstances. The prospectus supplement will also specify the notice that we will be required to provide and the prices (and premium, if any, thereon) at which and the dates on which the debt securities may be redeemed. Any notice of redemption of debt securities will state:
  •  the date fixed for redemption;
 
  •  the record date;
 
  •  the amount of debt securities to be redeemed if we are only redeeming part of a series;
 
  •  the series and relevant identification codes of the debt securities to be redeemed;
 
  •  the redemption price;
 
  •  that on the date fixed for redemption the redemption price will become due and payable on each debt security to be redeemed and, if applicable, that any interest will cease to accrue on or after the redemption date; and
 
  •  the place or places at which each holder may obtain payment of the redemption price.

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Redemption at the Option of Debt Security Holders
      The applicable prospectus supplement will specify whether holders of the debt securities of any series may have the option to require us to redeem such debt securities in the event of a restructuring of National Grid. This option is referred to as a “put option”. In the event that the applicable prospectus supplement states that debt security holders of such series have a put option, then the provisions described below relating to the notices that NG and/or such debt security holders will be required to provide and the prices (and premium, if any, thereon), at which and the dates on which the affected debt securities may be redeemed will be applicable.
     Public Announcement upon Occurrence of Restructuring Event
      If the applicable prospectus supplement specifies that debt security holders of such series have a put option, then at any time while any of such debt securities remains outstanding, there occurs a restructuring event (as described further below), we shall make a public announcement of such event. The public announcement will consist of an announcement by us or the trustee, of the occurrence of the restructuring event published in a leading national newspaper having general circulation in the United States (which is expected to be the Wall Street Journal).
     Determining whether a Restructuring Event Has Occurred
      A “restructuring event” shall be deemed to have occurred when at any time while any of such series of debt securities remain outstanding, the sum of disposal percentages for NG within any consecutive period of 36 months commencing on or after the initial issue date of any such series of debt securities is greater than 50 percent.
      The “disposal percentages for NG” are calculated, in relation to a sale, transfer, lease or other disposal or dispossession of any disposed assets of NG, the ratio of (a) the aggregate operating profit of disposed assets of NG to (b) the consolidated operating profit of NG, expressed as a percentage.
      “Disposed assets of NG” for the purposes of the calculation of disposal percentages for NG means, where NG and/or any of its subsidiaries sells, transfers, leases or otherwise disposes of or is dispossessed by any means (but excluding sales, transfers, leases, disposals or dispossessions which, when taken together with any related lease back or similar arrangements entered into in the ordinary course of business, have the result that the operating profit of NG directly attributable to any such undertaking, property or assets continues to accrue to NG or, as the case may be, such subsidiary), otherwise than to a wholly-owned subsidiary of NG or to NG, of the whole or any part (whether by a single transaction or by a number of transactions whether related or not) of its undertaking or (except in the ordinary course of business of NG or any such subsidiary) property or assets, the undertaking, property or assets sold, transferred, leased or otherwise disposed of or of which it is so dispossessed.
      “Operating profit of disposed assets of NG”, in relation to any disposed assets of NG, means the operating profits on ordinary activities before tax and interest and before taking account of depreciation and amortisation of goodwill and regulatory assets (for the avoidance of doubt, exceptional items, as reflected in the relevant accounts of NG, shall not be included) of NG and its subsidiaries directly attributable to such disposed assets as determined in accordance with IFRS by reference to the relevant accounts and, if relevant accounts of NG do not yet exist, determined in a manner consistent with the assumptions upon which the directors’ report of NG is to be based. Where the directors of NG have employed assumptions in determining the operating profit of NG, those assumptions should be clearly stated in the directors’ report of NG;

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      “Relevant accounts of NG” means the most recent annual audited consolidated financial accounts of NG and its subsidiaries preceding the relevant sale, transfer, lease or other disposal or dispossession of any disposed asset of NG.
      “Directors’ report of NG” refers to a report prepared and signed by two directors of NG addressed to the trustee setting out the operating profit of NG, the consolidated operating profit of NG and the disposal percentage for NG and stating any assumptions which the directors of NG have employed in determining the operating profit of NG.
      “Consolidated operating profit of NG” means the consolidated operating profit on ordinary activities before tax and interest and before taking account of depreciation and amortisation of goodwill and regulatory assets (for the avoidance of doubt, exceptional items, as reflected in the relevant accounts of NG shall not be included) of NG and its subsidiaries (including any share of operating profit of associates and joint ventures) determined in accordance with IFRS by reference to the relevant accounts of NG.
      For the purpose of determining whether a restructuring event has occurred, “subsidiary” means a subsidiary within the meaning of Section 736 of the Companies Act 1985.
     Events Giving Rise to a Put Option
      If debt security holders have a put option, then such debt security holders shall be able to exercise a put option only in the circumstances described below.
      If at any time while any given series of debt securities with a put option remains outstanding, there occurs a restructuring event, and if, within the applicable NG restructuring period, either:
  (a) (if at the time that the restructuring event occurs there are rated debt securities (as defined below)) a rating downgrade in respect of the restructuring event occurs; or
 
  (b) (if at the time that the restructuring event occurs there are no rated debt securities) a negative rating event in respect of the restructuring event occurs,
then the holders of each such affected series of debt securities will have the option upon the giving of a notice to require us to redeem or, at our option, purchase (or procure the purchase of) such debt security on any business day falling within the period of 45 days after a notice of the exercise of the put option is given to us (at its principal amount together with accrued interest to the date of redemption). The restructuring event and rating downgrade or the restructuring event and negative rating event, as the case may be, occurring within the NG restructuring period, together are referred to as a “put event”.
      For the purpose of determining whether a put event has occurred, “NG restructuring period” shall refer to the period ending 90 days after a public announcement of a restructuring event (or such longer period in which the rated debt securities or rateable debt, as the case may be, is or are under consideration (announced publicly within the first mentioned period) for rating review or, as the case may be, rating by a rating agency).
      “Rating agency” refers to Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. and its successors or Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. and its successors or any rating agency substituted for either of them (or any permitted substitute of them) by NG from time to time with the prior written approval of the trustee.

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      “Rated debt securities” means for each series, the debt securities of such series, if and for so long as they shall have an effective rating from a rating agency and otherwise any rateable debt which is rated by a rating agency; provided that if there shall be no such rateable debt outstanding prior to the maturity of such series of debt securities, the holders of not less than one-quarter in principal amount of such outstanding debt securities may require us to obtain and thereafter update on an annual basis a rating of such debt securities from a rating agency. In addition, we may at any time obtain and thereafter update on an annual basis a rating of such debt securities from a rating agency, provided that, except as provided above, we shall not have any obligation to obtain such a rating of such debt securities;
      A “negative rating event” shall be deemed to have occurred if either (a) we do not, either prior to or not later than 21 days after the relevant restructuring event, seek, and thereupon use all reasonable efforts to obtain, a rating of the affected series of debt securities or any other rateable debt from a rating agency or (b) if we do so seek and use such efforts, we are unable, as a result of such restructuring event, to obtain such a rating of at least investment grade (BBB- or Baa3 or their respective equivalents for the time being), provided that a negative rating event shall not be deemed to have occurred in respect of a particular restructuring event if the rating agency declining to assign a rating of at least investment grade (as described above) does not announce or publicly confirm that its declining to assign a rating of at least investment grade was the result, in whole or in part, of any event or circumstance comprised in or arising as a result of, or in respect of, the applicable restructuring event (whether or not the restructuring event shall have occurred at the time such investment grade rating is declined);
      “Rateable debt” shall be understood to refer to unsecured and unsubordinated debt of NG having an initial maturity of five years or more.
      “Rating downgrade” shall be deemed to have occurred in respect of the restructuring event if the then current rating whether provided by a rating agency at our invitation or by its own volition assigned to the rated debt securities by any rating agency is withdrawn or reduced from an investment grade rating (BBB- or Baa3 or their respective equivalents for the time being or better) to a non-investment grade rating (BB+ or Ba1, or their respective equivalents for the time being, or worse) or, if a rating agency shall already have rated the rated debt securities below investment grade (as described above), the rating is lowered one full rating category; provided that a rating downgrade otherwise arising by virtue of a particular reduction in rating shall not be deemed to have occurred in respect of a particular restructuring event if the rating agency making the reduction in rating to which this definition would otherwise apply does not announce or publicly confirm that the reduction was the result, in whole or part, of any event or circumstance comprised in or arising as a result of, or in respect of, the applicable restructuring event (whether or not the applicable restructuring event shall have occurred at the time of the rating downgrade).
     Our Obligations upon the Occurrence of a Put Event
      Promptly upon our becoming aware that a put event has occurred, we shall, or at any time upon the trustee becoming similarly so aware the trustee may, and if so requested in writing by the holders of at least one-quarter in principal amount of the affected series of debt securities then outstanding or if so directed by a resolution of such debt security holders, the trustee shall give notice to such debt security holders specifying the nature of the put event and the procedures for exercising the put option. We refer to this notice as a “put event notice”.
      We shall, forthwith upon becoming aware of the occurrence of the restructuring event (a) provide the trustee with the relevant directors’ report of NG and (b) provide, or procure that the reporting accountants provide, the trustee with the accountants’ report. “Reporting accountants” refers to the auditors of NG (but not acting in their capacity as auditors) or such other firm of accountants as may be

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nominated by NG and approved in writing by the trustee for the purpose or, failing which, as may be selected by the trustee for the purpose. The directors’ report and the accountants’ report shall, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive and binding on all concerned, including the trustee and the holders of the affected series of debt securities. The trustee shall be entitled to act, or not act, and rely on without being expected to verify the accuracy of the same (and shall have no liability to debt security holders for doing so) any directors’ report and/or any accountants’ report (whether or not addressed to it).
      “Accountants’ report” means a report of the reporting accountants stating whether the amounts included in the calculation of the operating profit and the amount for consolidated operating profit as included in the directors’ report have been accurately extracted from the accounting records of NG and its Subsidiaries and whether the disposal percentage included in the directors’ report has been correctly calculated which will be prepared pursuant to an engagement letter to be entered into by and among the reporting accountants, us and the trustee.
      We shall use reasonable efforts to procure that there shall at the relevant time be reporting accountants who have (a) entered into an engagement letter with us which shall (i) not limit the liability of the reporting accountants by reference to a monetary cap and (ii) be available for inspection by holders of debt securities at the principal office of the trustee or (b) agreed to provide accountants’ reports on such other terms as we shall approve. If we, having used reasonable efforts, are unable to procure that there shall at the relevant time be reporting accountants who have entered into an engagement letter complying with (i) above, the trustee may rely on an accountants’ report which contains a limit on the liability of the reporting accountants by reference to a monetary cap or otherwise.
      You should be aware that the engagement letter for the reporting accountants may contain a limit on the liability of the reporting accountants which may impact on the interests of debt security holders.
      We shall give notice to the trustee of the identity of the reporting accountants.
     Put Option Redemption Procedures
      In order to exercise the option of redemption of a debt security in the event of an occurrence of a put event, the debt security holder must deliver each debt security to be redeemed accompanied by a duly signed and completed notice (which we refer to as a “put notice”). The put notice must be delivered on any business day falling within the period of 45 days after we or the trustee, as the case may be, provide a put event notice to the debt security holders. We refer to this period as the “put period”.
      The put notice shall also specify an account to which payment is to be made for the put option redemption. The debt security should be delivered after the date falling seven days after the expiry of the put period. We refer to the date on which the debt security should be delivered as the “put date”.
      In return for the receipt of the debt security and put notice, the debt security holder will receive a non-transferable receipt. Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, payment in respect of any debt security so delivered will be made, if the debt security holder duly specified a bank account in the put notice to which payment is to be made, on the put date by transfer to that bank account. A put notice, once given, shall be irrevocable. We shall redeem the relevant debt securities on the put date unless previously redeemed or purchased.
      If you hold your debt securities through a nominee or broker, you will need to instruct your nominee or broker, as applicable, to tender the required notice and deliver the applicable debt securities so that such tender complies with the procedures set forth above.

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Negative Pledge
      Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, so long as any debt securities of a series remain outstanding (as defined in the indenture), the company will not create or permit to subsist any mortgage, charge, pledge, lien or other form of encumbrance or security interest upon the whole or any part of its undertaking, its assets or revenues present or future to secure any Relevant Indebtedness (as defined below), or any guarantee of or indemnity in respect of any Relevant Indebtedness unless, at the same time or prior thereto, our obligations under the debt securities and the indenture (a) are secured equally and rateably therewith or benefit from a guarantee or indemnity in substantially identical terms thereto, as the case may be, in each case to the satisfaction of the trustee, or (b) have the benefit of such other security, guarantee, indemnity or other arrangement as the trustee in its absolute discretion shall deem to be not materially less beneficial to the holders of the debt securities or as shall be approved by the holders of not less than 75% in aggregate principal amount of the debt securities of any series.
      “Relevant Indebtedness” means any present or future indebtedness in the form of, or represented by, bonds, notes, debentures, loan stock or other securities which are for the time being, or are intended, with the agreement of NG, to be quoted, listed or ordinarily dealt in on any stock exchange.
Consolidation, Amalgamation, Merger and Sale or Lease of Assets
      Unless the applicable prospectus supplement provides otherwise, so long as any debt security of a series remains outstanding, we are permitted to consolidate, amalgamate with or merge into any other corporation or convey, transfer or lease our properties and assets substantially as an entirety to any person (as defined in the indenture). However, we may not take these actions unless:
  •  the corporation formed by such consolidation or amalgamation or into which we are merged, or the person which acquires, leases or is the transferee of or recipient of the conveyance of substantially all or all of our properties and assets, shall:
  (a) be a corporation or other person organized and validly existing under the laws of the United States, the United Kingdom or any other country that is a member of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (as the same may be constituted from time to time); and
 
  (b) expressly assume, by a supplement to the applicable indenture that is executed and delivered in form reasonably satisfactory to the trustee, with any amendments or revisions necessary to take account of the jurisdiction in which any such corporation or other person is organized (if other than England and Wales);
 
  (i) the due and punctual payment of the principal of (and premium, if any, on) and interest, if any, on all of the debt securities of such a series;
 
  (ii) the performance of every covenant of the indenture (other than a covenant included in the indenture solely for the benefit of a series of debt securities other than such debt securities) and of such debt securities on our part to be performed;
 
  (iii) such assumption shall provide that such corporation or person shall pay to the holder of any such debt securities such additional amounts as may be necessary in order that every net payment of the principal of (and premium, if any, on) and interest, if any, on such debt securities will not be less than the amounts provided for in such debt securities to be then due and payable; and
 
  (iv) with respect to (iii) above, such obligation shall extend to any deduction or withholding for or on account of any present or future tax, assessment or governmental charge imposed upon such payment by the United Kingdom or the country in which any such corporation or person is organized or resident for tax purposes or any district, municipality or other political subdivision or taxing authority thereof (subject to the limitations contained in “— Payments of Additional Amounts” below, as applied to such corporation or person and, if applicable, such other country); and

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  •  immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no event of default with respect to the debt securities of such a series, and no event which, after notice or lapse of time, or both, would become an event of default, with respect to such debt securities, shall have occurred and be continuing.
      Upon any such consolidation, amalgamation or merger, or any such conveyance, transfer or lease, the successor corporation or person will succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise all of our rights and powers under the indenture with the same effect as if such successor corporation or person had been named as the issuer thereunder and thereafter, except in the case of a lease, the predecessor corporation shall be relieved of all obligations and covenants under the applicable indenture and such debt securities.
Events of Default
      Unless the applicable prospectus supplement provides otherwise, the following events will constitute an event of default under the indenture with respect to a series of debt securities (whatever the reason for such event of default and whether it will be voluntary or involuntary or be effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body):
  (a)  default in the payment of any principal (or premium, if any) due on the debt securities, and continuance of such default for a period of 14 days;
 
  (b)  default in the payment of any interest (and additional amounts, if any) due on the debt securities, and continuance of such default for a period of 30 days;
 
  (c)  default in the performance, or breach, of any covenant or warranty (other than any obligation for the payment of any principal or interest with respect to the debt securities) applicable to us contained in the indenture, and which default is incapable of remedy or, if in the opinion of the trustee is capable of remedy and has not been remedied within 90 days after the trustee having given us written notice as provided in the indenture;
 
  (d)  if (i) any of our or any Principal Subsidiary’s (as defined below) present or future Relevant Indebtedness becomes due and payable prior to its stated maturity by reason of an actual event of default or (ii) any amount with respect to such Relevant Indebtedness is not paid when due or, as the case may be, within any applicable grace period, provided that the aggregate amount of the Relevant Indebtedness with respect to any of the events described in this paragraph equals or exceeds £50,000,000, for the period up to March 31, 2017, and £100,000,000 thereafter;

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  (e) either a court in the United Kingdom issues a final order or an effective shareholders’ resolution is validly adopted, and where possible, such resolution or final order is not discharged or stayed within 90 days, for our winding up or dissolution;
 
  (f) attachment is made of the whole or substantially the whole of our assets or undertakings and such attachment is not released or cancelled within 90 days or an encumbrancer takes possession or an administrative or other receiver or similar officer is appointed of the whole or substantially the whole of our undertaking or assets or an administration or similar order is made to us, and such taking of possession, appointment or order is not released, discharged or cancelled within 90 days;
 
  (g) we cease to carry on all or substantially all of our business, or we are unable to pay debts within the meaning of Section 123(1)(e) or Section 123(2) of the U.K. Insolvency Act 1986; or
 
  (h) we are adjudged bankrupt or insolvent by a court of competent jurisdiction in our country of incorporation.
      “Principal Subsidiary” means each one of National Grid Gas plc, National Grid Electricity Transmission plc, National Grid USA, and includes any successor thereto or any of our subsidiaries which our auditors have certified to the trustee as being a company to which all or substantially all of the assets of a Principal Subsidiary are transferred. In the event that all or substantially all of the assets of a Principal Subsidiary are transferred to such a subsidiary, the transferor of such assets will cease to be deemed a Principal Subsidiary.
      If an event of default with respect to a series of debt securities occurs and is continuing, either the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series by written notice as provided in the indenture may declare the principal amount of all outstanding debt securities of that series to be due and payable immediately. At any time after a declaration of acceleration has been made, but before a judgment or decree for payment of money has been obtained by the trustee, and subject to applicable law and certain other provisions of the indenture, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the debt securities may, under certain circumstances, rescind and annul such acceleration.
      The indenture provides that, within 120 days after the occurrence of any event which is, or after notice or lapse of time or both would become, an event of default with respect to a series of debt securities, the trustee will transmit, in the manner set forth in the indenture and subject to the exceptions described below, notice of such default to the holders of the debt securities of that series unless such default has been cured or waived. However, except in the case of a default in the payment of principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on, or additional amounts with respect to, any debt securities, the trustee may (although there is no obligation on it to do so) withhold such notice if and so long as the board, executive committee or a trust committee of directors and/or responsible officers of the trustee in good faith determine that the withholding of such notice is in the best interest of the holders of the debt securities. If an event of default occurs, has not been waived and is continuing with respect to a series of debt securities, the trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the holders of the debt securities of that series by all appropriate judicial proceedings. The indenture provides that, subject to the duty of the trustee during any default to act with the required standard of care, the trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under the indenture at the request or direction of any of the holders of the debt securities, unless such holders shall have offered to the trustee indemnity or security satisfactory to the trustee. Subject to such provisions for the indemnification of the trustee, and subject to applicable law and certain other provisions of the indenture,

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the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of a series will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee, with respect to the debt securities of that series.
Modification and Waiver
      In general, we and the trustee may modify or amend the indenture with the consent of the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the debt securities of each series affected by such modification; provided, however, that no such modification or amendment may, without the consent of the holder of each outstanding debt security affected thereby:
  •  change the stated maturity of the principal of, or any premium or installment of interest on, the debt securities;
 
  •  reduce the principal amount of, or the rate (or modify the calculation of such principal amount or rate) of interest on, or any premium payable upon the redemption of, the debt securities;
 
  •  change the redemption provisions of the debt securities or, following the occurrence of any event that would entitle a holder to require us to redeem or repurchase the debt securities at the option of the holder, adversely affect the right of redemption or repurchase at the option of such holder, of the debt securities;
 
  •  change the place of payment or the coin or currency in which the principal of, any premium or interest on or any additional amounts with respect to, the debt securities is payable;
 
  •  impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment on or after the stated maturity of the debt securities (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the redemption date or, in the case of repayment at the option of any holder, on or after the repayment date);
 
  •  reduce the percentage in principal amount of the debt securities, the consent of whose holders is required in order to take specific actions;
 
  •  reduce the requirements for quorum or voting by holders of the debt securities in the applicable section of the indenture;
 
  •  modify any of the provisions in the indenture regarding the waiver of past defaults and the waiver of certain covenants by the holders of such debt securities except to increase any percentage vote required or to provide that other provisions of the indenture cannot be modified or waived without the consent of the holder of each note affected thereby; or
 
  •  modify any of the above provisions.
      We and the trustee may modify or amend the indenture and the debt securities without the consent of any holder in order to, among other things:
  •  provide for our successor pursuant to a consolidation, amalgamation, merger or sale of assets that complies with the provisions under “— Consolidation, Amalgamation, Merger and Sale or Lease of Assets” above;
 
  •  add to our covenants for the benefit of the holders of the debt securities or to surrender any right or power conferred upon us by the indenture;

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  •  provide for a successor trustee with respect to the debt securities;
 
  •  cure any ambiguity or correct or supplement any provision in the indenture which may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision, or to make any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under the indenture which will not adversely affect the interests of the holders of the debt securities;
 
  •  change the conditions, limitations and restrictions on the authorized amount, terms or purposes of issue, authentication and delivery of the debt securities under the indenture;
 
  •  add any additional events of default with respect to the debt securities;
 
  •  provide for conversion or exchange rights of the holders of the debt securities; or
 
  •  make any other change that does not materially adversely affect the interests of the holders of the debt securities.
      The holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the debt securities of any series may, on behalf of the holders of the debt securities, waive compliance by us with certain restrictive provisions of the indenture. The holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the debt securities of any series may, on behalf of the holders of the debt securities, waive any past default and its consequences under the indenture with respect to the debt securities, except a default (1) in the payment of principal of, any premium or interest on or any additional amounts with respect to the debt securities or (2) in respect of a covenant or provision of the indenture that cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the holder of each note.
      Under the indenture, we are required to furnish the trustee annually a statement as to performance by us of certain of our obligations under the indenture and as to any default in such performance.
Discharge, Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance
      Unless the applicable prospectus supplement provides otherwise, we may discharge certain obligations to holders of a series of debt securities that have not already been delivered to the trustee for cancellation and that either have become due and payable or will become due and payable within one year (or called for redemption within one year) by depositing with the trustee, in trust, funds in U.S. dollars or Government Obligations (as defined below) in an amount sufficient to pay the entire indebtedness on the debt securities with respect to principal and any premium, interest and additional amounts to the date of such deposit (if the debt securities have become due and payable) or with respect to principal, any premium and interest to the maturity or redemption date thereof, as the case may be.
      The indenture provides that, unless the provisions relating to discharge and defeasance are made inapplicable to the debt securities, we may elect either (1) to defease and be discharged from any and all obligations with respect to the debt securities (except for, among other things, the obligation to pay additional amounts, if any, upon the occurrence of certain events of taxation, assessment or governmental charge with respect to payments on the debt securities and other obligations to register the transfer or exchange of the debt securities, to replace temporary or mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen debt securities, to maintain an officer or agency with respect to the debt securities and to hold moneys for payment in trust) (“defeasance”) or (2) to be released from our obligations with respect to the debt securities under certain covenants such that any omission to comply with such obligations thereafter will not constitute a default or an event of default with respect to the debt securities (“covenant defeasance”). Defeasance or covenant defeasance, as the case may be, will be conditioned upon the irrevocable deposit by us with the trustee, in trust, of an amount in U.S. dollars, or Government Obligations, or both, applicable to such debt securities which through the scheduled payment of principal and interest in accordance with their terms

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will provide money in an amount sufficient to pay the principal of, any premium and interest on the debt securities on the scheduled due dates or any prior redemption date.
      Such a trust may only be established if, among other things:
  (1)  the applicable defeasance or covenant defeasance does not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any material agreement or instrument, other than the indenture, to which we are a party or by which we are bound;
 
  (2)  no event of default or event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become an event of default with respect to the debt securities to be defeased will have occurred and be continuing on the date of establishment of such a trust after giving effect to such establishment and, with respect to defeasance only, no insolvency proceeding will have occurred and be continuing at any time during the period ending on the 91st day after such date;
 
  (3)  we have delivered to the trustee an opinion of counsel (as specified in the indenture) to the effect that the holders of the debt securities will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of such defeasance or covenant defeasance and will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such defeasance or covenant defeasance had not occurred, and such opinion of counsel, in the case of defeasance, must refer to and be based upon a letter ruling of the Internal Revenue Service received by us, a Revenue Ruling published by the Internal Revenue Service or a change in applicable U.S. federal income tax law occurring after the date of the indenture;
 
  (4)  with respect to defeasance, we have delivered to the trustee an officers’ certificate as to solvency and the absence of intent by us to prefer holders of the debt securities over our other creditors; and
 
  (5)  we have delivered to the trustee an officers’ certificate and opinion of counsel stating that all conditions precedent to defeasance or covenant defeasance in the indenture, as the case may be, have been complied with.
      “Government Obligations” means debt securities which are (1) direct obligations of the United States of America for the payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged or (2) obligations of a person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America the timely payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the United States of America which, in the case of clauses (1) and (2), are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer or issuers thereof, and will also include a depository receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with respect to any such Government Obligation or a specific payment of interest on or principal of or any other amount with respect to any such Government Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of such depository receipt, provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depository receipt from any amount received by the custodian with respect to the Government Obligation or the specific payment of interest on or principal of or any other amount with respect to the Government Obligation evidenced by such depository receipt.
      In the event we effect covenant defeasance with respect to the debt securities and the debt securities are declared due and payable because of the occurrence of any event of default other than an event of default with respect to any covenant as to which there has been covenant defeasance, the

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Government Obligations on deposit with the trustee, will be sufficient to pay amounts due on the debt securities at the time of the stated maturity or redemption date but may not be sufficient to pay amounts due on the debt securities at the time of the acceleration resulting from such event of default. However, we would remain liable to make payment of such amounts due at the time of acceleration.
Payment of Additional Amounts
      Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will make all payments of principal and premium, if any, interest and any other amounts on, or in respect of, the debt securities without withholding or deduction at source for, or on account of, any present or future taxes, fees, duties, assessments or governmental charges of whatever nature imposed or levied by or on behalf of any Relevant Jurisdiction, as defined below, or any political subdivision of any Relevant Jurisdiction or any authority in or of any Relevant Jurisdiction having the power to tax, unless such taxes, fees, duties, assessments or governmental charges are required to be withheld or deducted. If a withholding or deduction at source is required, we will, unless the applicable prospectus supplement provides otherwise, subject to certain limitations and exceptions described below, pay to the holder of any debt securities, as additional interest, such additional amounts as may be necessary so that every net payment of principal, premium, if any, interest or any other amount made to such holder, after the withholding or deduction, will not be less than the amount provided for in such debt securities or in the indenture to be then due and payable.
      We will not be required to pay any additional amounts:
  (1)  for or on behalf of a person who is liable to such taxes or duties in respect of such debt securities by reason of having some connection with the Relevant Jurisdiction other than the mere holding of such debt securities;
 
  (2)  in connection with presentation in the Relevant Jurisdiction where presentation is required;
 
  (3)  if the holder or the beneficial owner of the relevant debt security failed to comply with a request by us or other authorized person addressed to the holder or beneficial owner, as the case may be, to provide information concerning the nationality, residence or identity of the holder or the beneficial owner or to make any declaration or other similar claim to satisfy any information or other requirement, which is required or imposed by a statute, treaty, regulation or administrative practice of a taxing jurisdiction as a precondition to exemption from all or part of the tax and which such holder or beneficial owner is legally able to satisfy;
 
  (4)  where presentation is required, more than 30 days after the Relevant Date (as defined below) except to the extent that the holder would have been entitled to such additional amounts, on presenting the same for payment on such thirtieth day;
 
  (5)  where such withholding or deduction is imposed on a payment to an individual and is required to be made pursuant to European Union Directive 2003/48/ EC on the taxation of savings income or any law implementing or complying with, or introduced in order to confirm to, such directive;
 
  (6)  for or on behalf of a holder who would have been able to avoid such withholding or deduction by presenting, where presentation is required, the relevant debt securities to another Paying Agent in a member state of the European Union; or

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  (7)  with respect to any combination of items (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) or (6) above.
      “Relevant Date” means the date on which the payment of principal of (or premium, if any) or interest, if any, on any series of debt securities first becomes due or (if any amount of the money payable is improperly withheld or refused) the date on which payment in full of the amount outstanding is made or (if earlier) the date on which notice is duly given to the holder that upon presentation of the debt security in global or definitive form payment will be made provided that payment is in fact made upon such presentation.
      “Relevant Jurisdiction” as used herein means the United Kingdom or any other jurisdiction in which we are resident for tax purposes.
      In addition, unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will not pay additional amounts with respect to any payment of principal of, or premium, if any, interest or any other amounts on, any such debt securities to any holder who is a fiduciary or partnership or other than the sole beneficial owner of such debt securities if such payment would be required by the laws of the Relevant Jurisdiction (or any political subdivision or relevant taxing authority thereof or therein) to be included in the income for tax purposes of a beneficiary or partner or settlor with respect to such fiduciary or a member of such partnership or a beneficial owner to the extent such beneficiary, partner or settlor would not have been entitled to such additional amounts had it been the holder of the note.
Redemption of Debt Securities for Tax Reasons
      Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, we or our successor may redeem any series of the debt securities at our option, in whole but not in part, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount, together with accrued and unpaid interest and additional amounts, if any, to the date fixed for redemption, if as a result of any change in or amendment to the laws or treaties (or any regulations or rulings promulgated under these laws or treaties) of the Relevant Jurisdiction or any taxing authority in the Relevant Jurisdiction (or any political subdivision) or any change in the application or official interpretation of such laws, regulations or rulings occurring, in the case of a redemption by us, on or after the date of issuance of the series of debt securities or, in the case of a redemption by our successor, on or after the date on which the successor corporation assumes the obligation under the debt securities, we will be required as of the next interest payment date to pay additional amounts with respect to the debt securities as provided in “— Payment of Additional Amounts” above and such requirements cannot be avoided by the use of reasonable measures (such measures not involving any material additional payments or expense by us) then available. If we elect to redeem the debt securities under this provision, we will give written notice of such election to the trustee and the holders of the debt securities. Interest on the debt securities will cease to accrue unless we default in the payment of the redemption price.
      Prior to giving the notice of a tax redemption, we will deliver to the trustee a certificate signed by a duly authorized officer stating that we are entitled to effect the redemption and setting forth a statement of facts showing that the conditions precedent to our right to so redeem have occurred.
Governing Law
      The indenture and the debt securities will be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York applicable to agreements made or instruments entered into and, in each case, performed in that state.

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Information Concerning the Trustee
      The indenture provides that the trustee will have no obligations other than the performance of such duties as are specifically set forth in such indenture, except that, if an event of default has occurred and is continuing, the trustee will use the same degree of care and skill in its exercise of the rights and powers vested in it by the indenture as a prudent person would exercise under the circumstances in the conduct of such person’s own affairs. The trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under the indenture unless such holders shall have offered to the trustee security and indemnity satisfactory to the trustee against any loss, liability or expense, and then only to the extent required by the terms of the indenture. The Bank of New York is to be the trustee and paying agent under the indenture, is one of a number of banks with which NG and its subsidiaries maintain banking relationships in the ordinary course of business and they are the depositary for our American Depositary Shares.
CLEARANCE AND SETTLEMENT
      Unless the applicable prospectus supplement provides otherwise, if we issue Global Securities representing any debt securities, then the Global Securities will be deposited upon issuance with, or on behalf through one or more international and domestic clearing systems. The principal clearing systems we will use are the book-entry systems operated by DTC in the United States, Clearstream in Luxembourg and Euroclear in Brussels, Belgium. These systems have established electronic debt securities and payment transfer, processing, depositary and custodial links among themselves and others, either directly or through custodians and depositaries. These links allow debt securities to be issued, held and transferred among the clearing systems without the physical transfer of certificates.
      Special procedures to facilitate clearance and settlement have been established among these clearing systems to trade securities across borders in the secondary market. Where payments for debt securities we issue in global form will be made in U.S. dollars, these procedures can be used for cross-market transfers and the securities will be cleared and settled on a delivery against payment basis.
      Global securities will be registered in the name of and deposited with a nominee for, and accepted for settlement and clearance by, one or more of DTC and a common depositary for Euroclear and Clearstream, and any other clearing system identified in the applicable prospectus supplement.
      Cross-market transfers of debt securities that are not in global form may be cleared and settled in accordance with other procedures that may be established among the clearing systems for these securities. Investors in securities that are issued outside of the United States, its territories and possessions must initially hold their interests through Euroclear, Clearstream or the clearing system that is described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
      The policies of DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream will govern payments, transfers, exchange and other matters relating to investors’ interests in debt securities held by them. This is also true for any other clearing system that may be named in a prospectus supplement.
      Neither we, nor any trustee, paying agent or registrar have any responsibility for any aspect of the actions of DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream or any of their direct or indirect participants or accountholders. Neither we, nor any trustee, paying agent or registrar have any responsibility for any aspect of the records kept by DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream or any of their direct or indirect participants or accountholders. Neither we, nor any trustee, paying agent or registrar supervise these systems in any way. This is also true for any other clearing system indicated in a prospectus supplement.

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      DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream and their participants and accountholders perform these clearance and settlement functions under agreements they have made with one another or with their customers. You should be aware that they are not obligated to perform these procedures and may modify them or discontinue them at any time.
      The description of the clearing systems in this section reflects our understanding of the rules and procedures of DTC, Clearstream and Euroclear as they are currently in effect. Those systems could change their rules and procedures at any time.
The Clearing Systems
DTC. DTC has advised us as follows:
  •  DTC is:
  •  a limited purpose trust company organized under the laws of the State of New York;
 
  •  a “banking corporation” within the meaning of New York Banking Law;
 
  •  a member of the Federal Reserve System;
 
  •  a “clearing corporation” within the meaning of the Uniform Commercial Code; and
 
  •  a “clearing agency” registered pursuant to the provisions of Section 17A of the Exchange Act.
  •  DTC was created to hold securities for its participants and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions between participants through electronic book-entry changes to accounts of its participants. This eliminates the need for physical movement of certificates.
 
  •  Participants in DTC include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies and clearing corporations and may include certain other organizations. DTC is partially owned by some of these participants or their representatives.
 
  •  Indirect access to the DTC system is also available to banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that have relationships with participants.
 
  •  The rules applicable to DTC and DTC participants are on file with the SEC.
        Clearstream. Clearstream has advised us as follows:
  •  Clearstream is a duly licensed bank organized as a société anonyme incorporated under the laws of Luxembourg and is subject to regulation by the Luxembourg Commission for the Supervision of the Financial Sector (Commission de Surveillance du Secteur Financier).
 
  •  Clearstream holds securities for its customers and facilitates the clearance and settlement of securities transactions among them. It does so through electronic book-entry charges to the accounts of its customers. This eliminates the need for physical movement of certificates.
 
  •  Clearstream provides other services to its accountholders, including safekeeping, administration, clearance and settlement of internationally traded securities and lending and borrowing of securities.
 
  •  Clearstream’s customers include worldwide securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies and clearing corporations and may include professional financial intermediaries. Its U.S. customers are limited to securities brokers and dealers and banks.

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  •  Indirect access to the Clearstream system is also available to others that clear through Clearstream customers or that have custodial relationships with its customers, such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies.
        Euroclear. Euroclear has advised us as follows:
  •  Euroclear is incorporated under the laws of Belgium as a bank and is subject to regulation by the Belgian Banking and Finance Commission (Commission Bancaire et Financière) and the National Bank of Belgium (Banque Nationale de Belgique).
 
  •  Euroclear holds securities for its customers and facilitates the clearance and settlement of securities transactions among them. It does so through simultaneous electronic book-entry delivery against payment, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of certificates.
 
  •  Euroclear provides other services to its customers, including credit custody, lending and borrowing of securities and tri-party collateral management. It interfaces with the domestic markets of several other countries.
 
  •  Euroclear customers include banks, including central banks, securities brokers and dealers, trust companies and clearing corporations and may include certain other professional financial intermediaries.
 
  •  Indirect access to the Euroclear system is also available to others that clear through Euroclear customers or that have relationships with Euroclear accountholders.
 
  •  All securities in Euroclear are held on a fungible basis. This means that specific certificates are not matched to specific securities clearance accounts.
Other Clearing Systems
      We may choose any other clearing system for a particular series of debt securities. The clearance and settlement procedures for the clearing system we choose will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Primary Distribution
      The distribution of the debt securities will be cleared through one or more of the clearing systems that we have described above or any other clearing system that is specified in the applicable prospectus supplement. Payment for debt securities will be made on a delivery versus payment or free delivery basis. These payment procedures will be more fully described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
      Clearance and settlement procedures may vary from one series of debt securities to another according to the currency that is chosen for the specific series of debt securities. Customary clearance and settlement procedures are described below.
      We will submit applications to the relevant system or systems for the debt securities to be accepted for clearance. The clearance numbers that are applicable to each clearance system will be specified in the prospectus supplement.
Clearance and Settlement Procedures — DTC
      DTC participants that hold debt securities through DTC on behalf of investors will follow the settlement practices applicable to U.S. corporate debt obligations in DTC’s Same-Day Funds Settlement System.

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      Securities will be credited to the securities custody accounts of these DTC participants against payment in same-day funds, for payments in U.S. dollars, on the settlement date. For payments in a currency other than U.S. dollars, securities will be credited free of payment on the settlement date.
Clearance and Settlement Procedures — Euroclear and Clearstream
      We understand that investors that hold their debt securities through Euroclear or Clearstream accounts will follow the settlement procedures that are applicable to conventional Eurobonds in registered form, or such other procedures as are applicable for other securities.
      Securities will be credited to the securities custody accounts of Euroclear and Clearstream accountholders on the business day following the settlement date, for value on the settlement date. They will be credited either free of payment or against payment for value on the settlement date.
Secondary Market Trading
      Trading between DTC Participants. Secondary market trading between DTC participants will occur in the ordinary way in accordance with DTC’s rules. Secondary market trading will be settled using procedures applicable to U.S. corporate debt obligations in DTC’s Same-Day Funds Settlement System for debt securities.
      If payment is made in U.S. dollars, settlement will be in same-day funds. If payment is made in a currency other than U.S. dollars, settlement will be free of payment. If payment is made other than in U.S. dollars, separate payment arrangements outside of the DTC system must be made between the DTC participants involved.
      Trading between Euroclear and/or Clearstream Accountholders. We understand that secondary market trading between Euroclear and/or Clearstream accountholders will occur in the ordinary way following the applicable rules and operating procedures of Euroclear and Clearstream. Secondary market trading will be settled using procedures applicable to conventional Eurobonds in registered form.
      Trading between DTC and Euroclear or Clearstream. Cross-market transfers between DTC, on the one hand, and directly or indirectly through Euroclear or Clearstream participants, on the other, will be effected in DTC in accordance with DTC rules on behalf of Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, by its respective depositary; however, these cross-market transactions will require delivery of instructions to Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, by the counterparty in the system in accordance with its rules and procedures and within its established deadlines (Brussels time). Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, will, if the transaction meets its settlement requirements, deliver instructions to its respective depositary to take action to effect final settlement on its behalf by delivering or receiving interests in the global notes in DTC, and making or receiving payment in accordance with normal procedures for same-day funds settlement applicable to DTC. Euroclear participants and Clearstream participants may not deliver instructions directly to the depositaries for Euroclear or Clearstream.
Special Timing Considerations
      You should be aware that investors will only be able to make and receive deliveries, payments and other communications involving the debt securities through Clearstream and Euroclear on days when those systems are open for business. Those systems may not be open for business on certain days when banks, brokers and other institutions are open for business in the United States.

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      In addition, because of time-zone differences, there may be problems with completing transactions involving Clearstream and Euroclear on the same business day as in the United States. U.S. investors who wish to transfer their interests in the debt securities, or to receive or make a payment or delivery of the debt securities, on a particular day, may find that the transactions will not be performed until the next business day in Luxembourg or Brussels, depending on whether Clearstream or Euroclear is used.

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MATERIAL TAX CONSIDERATIONS
      This section discusses the material U.K. and U.S. federal income tax consequences of the ownership of the debt securities as of the date of this prospectus. This summary applies to you only if:
  •  You are, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, a beneficial owner of a debt security and an individual U.S. citizen or resident, a U.S. corporation, or otherwise subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis in respect of the debt securities;
 
  •  You purchase the debt securities in their original issuance at the “issue price”, which will equal the first price to the public (not including bond houses, brokers or similar persons or organizations acting in the capacity of underwriters, placement agents or wholesalers) at which a substantial amount of the debt securities is sold for money, and you hold such debt securities as capital assets for U.S. federal income tax purposes; and
 
  •  You are not resident or ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom for U.K. tax purposes, and do not hold the debt securities for the purposes of a trade, profession, or vocation that you carry on in the United Kingdom through a permanent establishment.
      This section does not purport to be a comprehensive description of all of the tax considerations that may be relevant to any particular investor. We have assumed that you are familiar with the tax rules applicable to investments in debt securities generally and with any special rules to which you may be subject. In particular, the discussion does not address the tax treatment of investors that are subject to special rules, such as certain financial institutions, insurance companies, tax-exempt organizations, dealers in securities or currencies, persons that control (directly or indirectly) 10% or more of our voting stock, persons that elect mark-to-market treatment, persons that hold the debt securities as a position in a straddle, conversion transaction, synthetic security, or other integrated financial transaction for U.S. federal tax purposes, persons subject to the alternative minimum tax and persons whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar.
      The discussion that follows is of a general nature, and additional disclosure regarding the tax treatment of specific debt securities may be provided in the prospectus supplement for such instruments. The discussion assumes the debt securities issued will be U.S. dollar-denominated debt. Any special consequences, including, but not limited to, consequences resulting from currency denomination other than the U.S. dollar, puts, calls, discounts or premium, contingencies, caps or collars will be discussed in the relevant prospectus supplement. To the extent there is any inconsistency in the discussion of tax consequences between this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, you should rely on the discussion in the prospectus supplement.
      The discussion below regarding U.S. federal income tax consequences is based upon the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), final and proposed Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder and any relevant administrative rulings or pronouncements or judicial decisions, all as of the date hereof and as currently interpreted, and does not take into account possible changes in such tax laws or interpretations thereof, which may apply retroactively. The statements regarding U.K. tax laws set forth below are based on the laws in force on the date of this prospectus, which are subject to change.
      If a partnership holds the debt securities, the tax treatment of a partner will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. If you are a partner of a partnership holding the debt securities, you should consult your tax advisor.

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      YOU SHOULD CONSULT YOUR OWN TAX ADVISORS CONCERNING THE U.K. AND U.S. FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL OR OTHER TAX CONSEQUENCES OF OWNING THE DEBT SECURITIES.
U.K. Taxation
      Interest. Payments of interest on the debt securities should be exempt from withholding or deduction for or on account of U.K. tax under the provisions of U.K. tax law relating to “quoted Eurobonds”, provided that the debt securities are listed on a “recognized stock exchange” within the meaning of section 841 of the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988. Under section 349(4) of the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988, “quoted Eurobond” is defined to mean any security that: (i) is issued by a company, (ii) is listed on a recognized stock exchange and (iii) carries a right to interest. The New York Stock Exchange, the London Stock Exchange, the Irish Stock Exchange and the Luxembourg Stock Exchange are currently amongst those recognized for these purposes. Accordingly, so long as the particular series of debt securities is listed on one of such exchanges, interest payments made on the debt securities will be payable without withholding or deduction for or on account of U.K. income tax. The applicable purchase agreement will indicate the exchanges on which the debt securities are listed.
      Purchase, Sale and Retirement of Debt Securities. Holders of the debt securities will not be liable for U.K. taxation on capital gains realized on a sale or other disposal or redemption or conversion of the debt securities.
European Union Tax Reporting and Withholding
      The Council of the European Union approved, on June 3, 2003, Council Directive 2003/48/ EC regarding the taxation of savings income. The Directive became effective on July 1, 2005. Under this directive, if a paying agent for interest on a debt claim is established in one member state of the European Union and an individual who is the beneficial owner of the interest is a resident of another member state, then the former member state will be required to provide information (including the identity of the recipient) to authorities of the latter member state. “Paying agent” is defined broadly for this purpose and generally includes any agent of either the payor or payee as well as the payor itself. This requirement is subject to the right of Belgium, Luxembourg and Austria to opt instead to withhold tax on the interest during a transitional period (initially at a rate of 15% but rising in steps to 35% after six years).
      The Directive also applies to dependent and associated territories of the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. A number of non-European Union countries and territories, including Switzerland, have agreed to adopt similar measures (a withholding system in the case of Switzerland).
U.S. Taxation
      Interest Payments. Payments or accruals of “qualified stated interest” (as defined below) on the debt securities will be includible in your gross income as ordinary interest income at the time you receive or accrue such amounts (in accordance with your regular method of tax accounting). The term “qualified stated interest” generally means stated interest that is unconditionally payable at least annually during the entire term of a debt security at a single fixed interest rate or, subject to certain conditions, at a floating rate based on one or more interest indices.
      Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, we expect interest payments on the debt securities to be treated as “qualified stated interest” and we expect the debt securities to be issued without “original issue discount” (of more than a statutorily defined de minimis amount). If we

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issue debt securities that have “original issue discount” (of more than a statutorily defined de minimis amount) or provide for payments of interest that we do not expect to be treated as “qualified stated interest,” we will describe the tax treatment of such debt securities in the applicable prospectus supplement.
      Interest paid by us on the debt securities constitutes foreign source income for U.S. federal income tax purposes. For foreign tax credit limitation purposes, interest on the debt securities generally will constitute passive income.
      Additional Amounts paid pursuant to the obligations described under “Description of the Debt Securities — Payment of Additional Amounts” would be treated as ordinary interest income.
      Sale, Exchange, Redemption and Other Disposition of the Debt Securities. Upon the sale, exchange, redemption or other disposition of the debt securities, you will recognize taxable gain or loss equal to the difference, if any, between the amount realized on the sale, exchange, redemption or other disposition (other than accrued but unpaid interest which will be treated as ordinary interest income) and your adjusted tax basis in such debt securities. Your adjusted tax basis in the debt securities generally will equal the cost of such debt securities. Any such gain or loss generally will be capital gain or loss and will be long-term capital gain or loss if at the time of sale, exchange, redemption or other disposition you held the debt securities for more than one year. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to certain limitations. Any gain or loss realized by a U.S. holder on the sale, exchange, redemption or other disposition of the debt securities generally will be treated as U.S. source gain or loss, as the case may be.
      Information Reporting and Backup Withholding. Information returns may be filed with the IRS in connection with payments of interest on the debt securities and the proceeds from a sale or other disposition of the debt securities unless the holder of the debt securities establishes an exemption from the information reporting rules. A holder of debt securities that does not establish such an exemption may be subject to U.S. backup withholding tax on these payments if the holder fails to provide its taxpayer identification number or otherwise comply with the backup withholding rules. The amount of any backup withholding from a payment to you will be allowed as a credit against your U.S. federal income tax liability and you may be entitled to a refund, provided that the required information is furnished to the IRS.

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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
      We may sell the debt securities directly to purchasers or underwriters or through agents, dealers or underwriters.
      The prospectus supplement with respect to the offered securities will set forth the terms of the offering of the offered securities, including the name or names of any underwriters, dealers or agents, the purchase price of the offered securities and the proceeds to us, from such price and any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers and any securities exchange on which such offered securities may be listed. Any public offering price, discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers may be changed from time to time.
      The distribution of the offered securities may be effected from time to time in one or more transactions at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed, at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to such prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices.
      Agents appointed by us may solicit offers to purchase debt securities. The prospectus supplement will name these agents, who may be underwriters, and discuss any commissions payable to them. Unless otherwise indicated in the prospectus supplement, these agents will be acting on a best efforts basis for the period of their appointment. We may also sell debt securities to an agent as principal. Any such agent may be deemed to be an underwriter, as that term is defined in the Securities Act, of the offered debt securities. Agents may be entitled to indemnification by us against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and may be customers of, engage in transactions with or perform services for us in the ordinary course of business.
      If any underwriters are utilized in the sale of debt securities, we will enter into an underwriting agreement with such underwriters and the names of the underwriters and the terms of the transaction, including, commissions, discounts and any other compensation of the underwriters, if any, will be set forth in the prospectus supplement, which will be used by the underwriters to make resales of the debt securities to the public. If underwriters are utilized in the sale of the debt securities, the debt securities will be acquired by the underwriters for their own account and may be offered and may be resold from time to time in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, at fixed public offering prices, or at varying prices determined by the underwriters at the time of sale.
      Our debt securities may be offered to the public either through underwriting syndicates represented by managing underwriters or directly by the managing underwriters. Unless otherwise indicated in the prospectus supplement, the underwriting agreement will provide that the obligations of the underwriters are subject to certain conditions precedent. The underwriters will be obligated to purchase all of the debt securities of a series if they purchase any of such securities. We may grant to the underwriters options to purchase additional debt securities, to cover over-allotments, if any, at the public offering price (with additional underwriting discounts or commissions), as may be set forth in the prospectus supplement relating thereto. If we grant any over-allotment option, the terms of such over-allotment option will be set forth in the prospectus supplement relating to such securities. The underwriters may be entitled to indemnification by us against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and may be customers of, engage in transactions with or perform services for us in the ordinary course of business.
      If a dealer is utilized in the sale of debt securities in respect of which this prospectus is delivered, we will sell the debt securities to the dealer, as principal. The dealer may then resell the debt securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by such dealer at the time of resale. Any such dealer may be deemed to be an underwriter, as such term is defined in the Securities Act, of the debt securities so

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offered and sold. The name of the dealer and the terms of the transaction will be set forth in the related prospectus supplement. Dealers may be entitled to indemnification by us against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and may be customers of, engage in transactions with or perform services for us in the ordinary course of business.
      Offers to purchase offered securities may be solicited directly by us, and the sale thereof may be made by us directly to institutional investors or others, who may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act with respect to any resale thereof. The terms of any such sales will be described in the related prospectus supplement.
      Debt securities may also be offered and sold, if so indicated in the prospectus supplement, in connection with a remarketing upon their purchase, in accordance with a redemption or repayment pursuant to their terms, or otherwise, by one or more marketing firms (“remarketing firms”), acting as principals for their own accounts or as agents for us. Any remarketing firm will be identified and the terms of its agreement, if any, with us and its compensation will be described in the prospectus supplement. Remarketing firms may be deemed to be underwriters in connection with the debt securities remarketed thereby. Remarketing firms may be entitled under agreements which may be entered into with us to indemnification by us against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and may be customers of, engage in transactions with or perform services for us in the ordinary course of business.
      If indicated in the prospectus supplement, we will authorize agents, underwriters, dealers or other persons to solicit offers by certain purchasers to purchase debt securities from us at the public offering price set forth in the prospectus supplement pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on a specified date in the future. Such contracts will be subject to only those conditions set forth in the prospectus supplement, and the prospectus supplement will set forth the commission payable for solicitation of such offers.
      Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling us pursuant to the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is therefore unenforceable.
      Each series of debt securities will be a new issue and will have no established trading market. We may elect to list any series of debt securities on an exchange but, unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, we shall not be obligated to do so. No assurance can be given as to the liquidity of the trading market for any of the debt securities.
      Underwriters, dealers, agents and remarketing firms, or their affiliates, may be customers of, engage in transactions with, or perform services for, us and our subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business.
LEGAL MATTERS
      Certain legal matters in connection with the debt securities to be offered hereby will be passed upon for us by LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae LLP and LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae, London, England. Certain legal matters in connection with the debt securities to be offered hereby will be passed upon for any underwriters or agents by counsel to be named in the applicable prospectus supplement.

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EXPERTS
      The financial statements of National Grid plc, incorporated in this prospectus by reference to our Annual Report on Form  20-F as of March 31, 2006 and 2005 and for each of the two years in the period ended March 31, 2006 have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
ENFORCEMENT OF CIVIL LIABILITIES UNDER UNITED STATES
FEDERAL SECURITIES LAWS
      We are an English public limited company. Most of our directors and executive officers are resident outside the United States, and a substantial portion of our assets and the assets of such persons are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for you to effect service of process within the United States upon these persons or to enforce against them or us in U.S. courts judgments obtained in U.S. courts predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States. We have been advised by LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae that there is doubt as to enforceability in England and Wales, in original actions or in actions for enforcement of judgments of U.S. courts, of liabilities predicated solely upon the federal securities laws of the United States.

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PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
ITEM 8. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS.
      The U.K. Companies (Audit, Investigations and Community Enterprise) Act 2004 introduced changes to the U.K. Companies Act 1985 to allow an English company to indemnify its directors against liability and to provide its directors with funds to cover the costs incurred in defending legal proceedings against him or her. Under the Act, an English company is allowed to indemnify its directors against any liability incurred by a director to any person (other than the company or any associated company) in connection with any negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust, by means of a “qualifying third party indemnity provision”. A “qualifying third party indemnity provision” may cover the costs of a judgment against a director but cannot include (i) costs incurred by a director to the company or any associated company; (ii) fines imposed in criminal proceedings and penalties imposed by regulatory authorities; (iii) costs incurred in criminal proceedings where the director is convicted or civil proceedings brought by the company or an associated company where judgment is given against him; or (iv) costs incurred in proceedings for relief where the court refuses to grant relief.
      NG arranges Directors’ and Officers’ liability insurance cover. A qualifying third party indemnity provision was granted in favor of the directors in accordance with Sections 309A-B of the U.K. Company Act 1985. The indemnity provision is contained in NG’s articles of association at Articles 131.1 to 131.3 which are set out below.
     Article 131.1
  “Subject to the law, we will indemnify all our Directors and officers out of our own funds against the following:
        (a) Any liability incurred by or attaching to them in connection with any negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust by them in relation to NG other than: (i) any liability to us or any associated company; and (ii) any liability of the kind referred to in Sections 309B(3) or (4) of the Companies Act.
 
        (b) Any other liability incurred by or attaching to them: (i) in actually or seemingly carrying out their duties; (ii) in using or seemingly using their powers; and (iii) in any other activity connected to their duties, powers or office.
  Where a Director or officer is indemnified against any liability in line with this Article 131, the indemnity will cover all costs, charges, losses, expenses and liabilities incurred by them.”
     Article 131.2
  “As well as the cover provided under Article 131.1 above, the Directors will have power to purchase and maintain insurance for or for the benefit of:
        (a) any person who is or was at any time a Director or officer of any relevant company; or
 
        (b) any person who is or was at any time a trustee of any pension fund or employees’ share scheme in which employees of any relevant company are interested.

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  This includes insurance against any liability incurred by or attaching to them through any act or omission: (i) in actually or seemingly carrying out their duties; (ii) in using or seemingly using their powers; and (iii) in any other activity connected to their duties, powers or offices; in relation to: (aa) any relevant company; (bb) any pension fund; or (cc) any employees’ share scheme; and all costs, charges, losses, expenses and liabilities incurred by them in relation to any act or omission.”
     Article 131.3
  “Subject to the law, we will: (a) provide a Director or officer with funds to meet expenditure they have incurred or may incur in defending any criminal or civil proceedings or in connection with any application under the provisions mentioned in Section 337A(2) of the Companies Act; and (b) do anything to enable a Director or officer to avoid incurring such expenditure, but any funds we provide or other things we do will be in line with Section 337A(4) of the Companies Act.”
      The relevant provisions of the U.K. Company Act 1985 which permit the giving of such indemnities are sections 309A-C, 337A and 727.
      Sections 309A of the U.K. Company Act 1985 states that a company cannot exempt a director from liability in relation to the company. Section 309B of the U.K. Company Act 1985 states that a company cannot indemnify a director against liability in relation to the company unless it is a qualifying third party indemnity provision. Section 309B sets out the conditions which must be fulfilled for an indemnity to be a qualifying third party indemnity. The indemnity must not provide: (i) any indemnity against any liability incurred by the director to the company or to any associated company; (ii) any indemnity against any liability incurred by the director to pay a fine imposed in criminal proceedings or a sum payable to a regulatory authority by way of a penalty in respect of non-compliance with any requirement of a regulatory nature; and (iii) any indemnity against any liability incurred by the director in defending criminal proceedings in which he is convicted, civil proceedings brought by the company or an associated company in which judgment is given against him or where the court refuses to grant him relief under an application under sections 144(3) and (4) (acquisition of shares by innocent nominee) or its power under section 727 (to grant relief in the case of honest and reasonable conduct).
      Section 337A of the U.K. Company Act 1985 provides that a company can provide a director with funds to meet expenditures incurred or to be incurred by him in defending any criminal or civil proceedings or in connection with any application under sections 144(3) and (4) (acquisition of shares by innocent nominee) or section 727 (general power of a court to grant relief in the case of honest and reasonable conduct). The terms on which such loan or other assistance is given must include a requirement that the loan be repaid or the liability discharged if the director is convicted, judgment is found against him or the court refuses to grant the relief on the application.
      Except in limited circumstances (Section 459 U.K. Companies Act 1985) when a company’s affairs are being or have been conducted in a manner unfairly prejudicial to the interests of all or some shareholders, or when any act or omission of the company is or would be so prejudicial) English law does not generally permit class action lawsuits by shareholders on behalf of the company or on behalf of other shareholders.
      We will indemnify and hold harmless each of our directors and officers or authorized representatives who signs the registration statement from and against civil liabilities, including liabilities under U.S. securities laws, which they may incur in their capacity.

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      The form of underwriting agreement to be filed or furnished in connection with the issuance of any debt securities using the prospectus to which this Registration Statement relates will provide that each underwriter, severally, will indemnify NG and each of its directors, officers and representatives who signed the registration statement and each person, if any, who controls NG within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act from and against certain civil liabilities.
ITEM 9. EXHIBITS.
      The exhibits to this registration statement are listed in the Index to Exhibits beginning on page II-8.
ITEM 10. UNDERTAKINGS.
      The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
      (1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this Registration Statement;
      (i) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;
      (ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and
      (iii) To include any plan of distribution or any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;
      provided, however, that paragraphs (i), (ii) and (iii) do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.
      (2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
      (3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.
      (4) To file a post effective amendment to the registration statement to include any financial statements required by Item 8.A. of Form  20-F at the start of any delayed offering or throughout a continuous offering. Financial statements and information otherwise required by Section 10(a)(3) of the

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Securities Act of 1933 need not be furnished, provided that the registrant includes in the prospectus, by means of a post-effective amendment, financial statements required pursuant to this paragraph (4) and other information necessary to ensure that all other information in the prospectus is at least as current as the date of those financial statements. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a post-effective amendment need not be filed to include financial statements and information required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933 or Rule 3-19 of Regulation  S-X if such financial statements and information are contained in periodic reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement.
      (5) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser:
      (A) Each prospectus filed by a registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and
      (B) Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5) or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii) or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which the prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date.
      (6) That, for the purpose of determining liability of a registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, each undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of an undersigned registrant pursuant to this Registration Statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:
      (i) Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of an undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;
      (ii) Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of an undersigned registrant or used or referred to by an undersigned registrant;
      (iii) The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about an undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of an undersigned registrant; and

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      (iv) Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by an undersigned registrant to the purchaser.
      (7) That, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of National Grid’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
      (8) To file an application for the purpose of determining the eligibility of the trustee to act under subsection (a) of Section 310 of the Trust Indenture Act in accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed by the Commission under Section 305(b)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act.
      Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of each registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by a registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of a registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, that registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

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POWER OF ATTORNEY AND SIGNATURES
      Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, National Grid plc certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form  F-3 and has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, City of London, England, on the 27 th  day of June 2006.
  National Grid plc
  By:  /s/ Roger Urwin
 
 
  Roger Urwin
  Group Chief Executive
      The undersigned do hereby constitute and appoint Roger Urwin, Steven Holliday, Stephen Lucas and Malcolm Cooper all or any one of them, our true and lawful attorneys and agents, to sign for us or any of us in our names and in the capacities indicated below, any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this Registration Statement, or any related registration statement that is to be effective upon filing pursuant to Rule 462 (b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents required in connection therewith, and to do any and all acts and things in our names and in the capacities indicated below, which said attorneys and agents, or either of them, may deem necessary or advisable to enable said corporation to comply with the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and any rules, regulations, and requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission, in connection with this Registration Statement; and we do hereby ratify and confirm all that the said attorneys and agents, or either of them, shall do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
      Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities indicated on the 27 th  day of June 2006.
         
Signature   Title
     
 
/s/ Roger Urwin
 
Roger Urwin
  Group Chief Executive (Principal Executive Officer)
 
/s/ Stephen Lucas
 
Stephen Lucas
  Group Finance Director (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)
 
/s/ Sir John Parker
 
Sir John Parker
  Chairman and non-executive Director
 
/s/ John Allan
 
John Allan
  Non-executive Director

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Signature   Title
     
 
/s/ Edward Astle
 
Edward Astle
  Director
 
/s/ John Grant
 
John Grant
  Non-executive Director
 
/s/ Kenneth Harvey
 
Kenneth Harvey
  Non-executive Director
 
/s/ Steven Holliday
 
Steven Holliday
  Deputy Group Chief Executive
 
/s/ Michael Jesanis
 
Michael Jesanis
  Director
 
/s/ Paul Joskow
 
Paul Joskow
  Non-executive Director
 
/s/ Stephen Pettit
 
Stephen Pettit
  Non-executive Director
 
/s/ Maria Richter
 
Maria Richter
  Non-executive Director
 
/s/ George Rose
 
George Rose
  Non-executive Director
 
/s/ Nick Winser
 
Nick Winser
  Director
 
/s/ Lawrence J. Reilly
 
Lawrence J. Reilly
  (Authorized Representative in the United States)

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EXHIBIT INDEX
         
Exhibit    
Number   Description
     
  1 .1   Form of Underwriting Agreement Standard Provisions for debt securities.
 
  4 .1   Form of Indenture to be entered into between the Company and The Bank of New York.
 
  5 .1   Opinion of LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae LLP.
 
  5 .2   Opinion of LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae.
 
  12 .1   Statement re: Computation of ratio of earnings to fixed charges.
 
  23 .1   Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independent registered public accounting firm to National Grid plc.
 
  23 .2   Consent of LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene, & MacRae LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1).
 
  23 .3   Consent of LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae (included in Exhibit 5.2).
 
  24 .1   Powers of Attorney (included in the signature pages contained herein).
 
  25 .1   Statement of Eligibility under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, of The Bank of New York, as Trustee, under the Indenture.

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Exhibit 1.1
UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT
NATIONAL GRID plc
Debt Securities
Underwriting Agreement Standard Provisions
     From time to time, National Grid plc, a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (the “Company”), may enter into one or more underwriting agreements in the form of Annex A hereto that incorporate by reference these Standard Provisions (collectively with these Standard Provisions, an “Underwriting Agreement”) that provide for the sale of the securities designated in such Underwriting Agreement (the “Securities”) to the several Underwriters named therein (the “Underwriters”), for whom the Underwriter(s) named therein shall act as representative (the “Representative”). The Underwriting Agreement, including these Standard Provisions, is sometimes referred to herein as this “Agreement”. The Securities will be issued pursuant to an Indenture [to be] dated as of                      , 2006 (the “Indenture”) between the Company and The Bank of New York, as trustee (the “Trustee”).
     1.  Registration Statement . The Company has prepared and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (collectively, the “Securities Act”), a registration statement on Form F-3 (File No. ___), including a prospectus (the “Basic Prospectus”), relating to the debt securities to be issued from time to time by the Company. The Company has also filed, or proposes to file, with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act a prospectus supplement specifically relating to the Securities (the “Prospectus Supplement”). The registration statement, as amended at the time it becomes effective, including the information, if any, deemed pursuant to Rule 430A, 430B or 430C under the Securities Act to be part of the registration statement at the time of its effectiveness (“Rule 430 Information”), is referred to herein as the “Registration Statement”; and as used herein, the term “Prospectus” means the Basic Prospectus as supplemented by the prospectus supplement specifically relating to the Securities in the form first used (or made available upon request of purchasers pursuant to Rule 173 under the Securities Act) in connection with confirmation of sales of the Securities and the term “Preliminary Prospectus” means any preliminary prospectus supplement specifically relating to the Securities together with the Basic Prospectus. If the Company has filed an abbreviated registration statement pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act (the “Rule 462 Registration Statement”), then any reference herein to the term “Registration Statement” shall be deemed to include such Rule 462 Registration Statement. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings given to such terms in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus. References herein to the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, any Preliminary

 


 

Prospectus or the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents incorporated by reference therein. The terms “supplement,” “amendment” and “amend” as used herein as used herein with respect to the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include any documents filed by the Company under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (the “Exchange Act”) subsequent to the date of the Underwriting Agreement which are deemed to be incorporated by reference therein. For purposes of this Agreement, the term “Effective Time” means the effective date of the Registration Statement with respect to the offering of Securities, as determined for the Company pursuant to Section 11 of the Securities Act and Item 512 of Regulation S-K, as applicable.
     At or prior to the time when sales of the Securities will be first made (the “Time of Sale”), the Company will prepare certain information (collectively, the “Time of Sale Information”) which information will be identified in Schedule 3 to the Underwriting Agreement for such offering of Securities.
     2.  Purchase of the Securities by the Underwriters .
     (a) The Company agrees to issue and sell the Securities to the several Underwriters named in the Underwriting Agreement, and each Underwriter, on the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements set forth herein and subject to the conditions set forth herein, agrees, severally and not jointly, to purchase from the Company the respective principal amount of Securities set forth opposite such Underwriter’s name in the Underwriting Agreement at the purchase price set forth in the Underwriting Agreement.
     (b) Payment for and delivery of the Securities will be made at the time and place set forth in the Underwriting Agreement. The time and date of such payment and delivery is referred to herein as the “Closing Date”.
     (c) The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Underwriters named in the Underwriting Agreement are acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length contractual counterparty to the Company with respect to any offering of Securities contemplated hereby (including in connection with determining the terms of the offering) and not as a financial advisor or a fiduciary to, or an agent of, the Company or any other person. Additionally, no such Underwriter is advising the Company or any other person as to any legal, tax, investment, accounting or regulatory matters in any jurisdiction. The Company shall consult with its own advisors concerning such matters and shall be responsible for making its own independent investigation and appraisal of the transactions contemplated hereby, and such Underwriters shall have no responsibility or liability to the Company with respect thereto. Any review by such Underwriters named in the Underwriting Agreement of the Company, the transactions contemplated thereby or other matters relating to such transactions will be performed solely for the benefit of the Underwriters and shall not be on behalf of the Company.

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     3.  Representations and Warranties of the Company . The Company represents and warrants to each Underwriter that:
     (a)  Registration Statement and Prospectus. The Registration Statement is an “automatic effective registration statement” as defined under Rule 405 of the Securities Act that has been filed with the Commission not earlier than three years prior to the date hereof; and no notice of objection of the Commission to the use of such registration statement or any post-effective amendment thereto pursuant to Rule 401(g)(2) under the Securities Act has been received by the Company. No order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement has been issued by the Commission and no proceeding for that purpose or pursuant to Section 8A of the Securities Act against the Company or related to the offering has been initiated or threatened by the Commission; as of the Effective Time, the Registration Statement complied in all material respects with the Securities Act and the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (collectively, the “Trust Indenture Act”), and did not or will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading; and as of the date of the Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto and as of the Closing Date, the Prospectus did not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that the Company makes no representation and warranty with respect to (i) that part of the Registration Statement that constitutes the Statement of Eligibility and Qualification (Form T-1) of the Trustee under the Trust Indenture Act or (ii) any statements or omissions in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto made in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to any Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter through the Representative expressly for use therein.
     (b)  Time of Sale Information . The Time of Sale Information, at the Time of Sale and at the Closing Date did not and will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that the Company makes no representation and warranty with respect to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to any Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter through the Representative expressly for use in such Time of Sale Information. No statement of material fact included in the Prospectus has been omitted from the Time of Sale Information and no statement of material fact included in the Time of Sale Information that is required to be included in the Prospectus has been omitted therefrom.
     (c)  Issuer Free Writing Prospectus . Other than the Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus, the Company (including its agents and representatives, other than the Underwriters in their capacity as such) has not made, used, prepared, authorized, approved or referred to and will not prepare, make, use, authorize, approve or refer to

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any “written communication” (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) that constitutes an offer to sell or solicitation of an offer to buy the Securities (each such communication by the Company or its agents and representatives (other than a communication referred to in clause (i) below) an “Issuer Free Writing Prospectus”) other than (i) any document not constituting a prospectus pursuant to Section 2(a)(10)(a) of the Securities Act or Rule 134 under the Securities Act or (ii) the documents listed on Schedule 3 to the Underwriting Agreement and other written communications approved in writing in advance by the Representative. Each such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus complied in all material respects with the Securities Act, has been filed in accordance with the Securities Act (to the extent required thereby) and, when taken together with the Preliminary Prospectus accompanying, or delivered prior to delivery of, or filed prior to the first use of such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, did not, and at the Closing Date will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that the Company makes no representation and warranty with respect to any statements or omissions made in each such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to any Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter through the Representative expressly for use in any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus.
     (d)  Incorporated Documents . The documents incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or the Time of Sale Information, when filed with the Commission, conformed or will conform, as the case may be, in all material respects with the requirements of the Exchange Act and did not and will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
     (e)  Financial Statements. The financial statements and the related notes thereto included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable, and present fairly the financial position of the Company and its subsidiaries as of the dates indicated and the results of their operations and the changes in their cash flows for the periods specified; such financial statements have been prepared in conformity with applicable international financial reporting standards as adopted by the European Union (“IFRS-EU”) applied throughout the periods covered thereby, and the supporting schedules included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement present fairly, in all material respects, the information required to be stated therein; and the other financial information included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus has been derived from the accounting records of the Company and its subsidiaries and presents fairly, in all material respects, the information shown thereby.
     (f)  No Material Adverse Change. There has not occurred any material adverse change in the financial position or prospects of the Company and its

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subsidiaries, taken as a whole, from that set forth in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus.
     (g)  Organization and Valid Existence. The Company is duly organized and validly existing under the laws of England and Wales.
     (h)  Due Authorization. The Company has full right, power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement, the Securities and the Indenture (collectively, the “Transaction Documents”) and to perform its obligations hereunder and thereunder; and all action required to be taken for the due and proper authorization, execution and delivery of each of the Transaction Documents and the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby has been duly and validly taken.
     (i)  The Indenture. The Indenture has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and has been duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act and constitutes a valid and legally binding agreement of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally or by equitable principles relating to enforceability (collectively, the “Enforceability Exceptions”).
     (j)  The Securities . The Securities have been duly authorized by the Company and, when duly executed, authenticated, issued and delivered as provided in the Indenture and paid for as provided herein, will be duly and validly issued and outstanding and will constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms, subject to the Enforceability Exceptions, and will be entitled to the benefits of the Indenture.
     (k)  Underwriting Agreement . This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company.
     (l)  No Violation or Default. The Company is not in violation of its memorandum and articles of association. Neither the Company nor any of its principal subsidiaries is (i) in default and no event has occurred that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute such a default, in the due performance or observance of any term, covenant or condition contained in any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of its principal subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its principal subsidiaries is bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Company or any of its principal subsidiaries is subject; or (ii) in violation of any law or statute or any judgment, order, rule or regulation of any United States or United Kingdom court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority in the United States or the United Kingdom, except, in the case of clauses (i) and (ii) above, for any such default or violation that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the financial position or prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole or on the performance by the Company of its obligations under the Securities (a “Material Adverse Effect”).

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     (m)  No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of each of the Transaction Documents, the issuance and sale of the Securities and compliance by the Company with the terms thereof and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents will not (i) conflict with or result in a breach or violation of any of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of its principal subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its principal subsidiaries is bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Company or any of its principal subsidiaries is subject, (ii) result in any violation of the provisions of the memorandum and articles of association of the Company or (iii) result in the violation of any law or statute or any judgment, order, rule or regulation of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority in the United States or the United Kingdom, except, in the case of clauses (i) and (iii) above, for any such conflict, breach or violation that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
     (n)  No Consents Required . No consent, approval, authorization, order, registration or qualification of or with any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority in the United States or the United Kingdom is required for the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of each of the Transaction Documents, the issuance and sale of the Securities and compliance by the Company with the terms thereof and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, except for such consents, approvals, authorizations, orders and registrations or qualifications (i) as have been obtained under the Securities Act and the Trust Indenture Act and (ii) as may be required under applicable United States state securities laws in connection with the purchase and distribution of the Securities by the Underwriters.
     (o)  Legal Proceedings. Except as described or provided for in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus, there are no legal, governmental or regulatory investigations, actions, suits or proceedings pending to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or to which any property of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is the subject that, individually or in the aggregate, if determined adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; no such investigations, actions, suits or proceedings are threatened in writing.
     (p)  Investment Company Act. The Company is not and, after giving effect to the offering and sale of the Securities and the application of the proceeds thereof as described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus, will not be an “investment company” or an entity “controlled” by an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (collectively, “Investment Company Act”).
     (q)  Status under the Securities Act . The Company is not an ineligible issuer and is a well-known seasoned issuer, in each case as defined under the Securities Act,

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in each case at the times specified in the Securities Act in connection with the offering of the Securities.
     (r)  Licenses and Permits. The Company and its subsidiaries possess all licenses, certificates, permits and other authorizations issued by the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory authorities that are necessary for the conduct of their respective businesses as described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus, except where the failure to possess or make the same would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect; and except as described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has received written notice of any revocation or modification of any such license, certificate, permit or authorization or has any reason to believe that any such license, certificate, permit or authorization will not be renewed in the ordinary course, except where such revocation or modification or non-renewal would not have a Material Adverse Effect.
     4.  Further Agreements of the Company . The Company covenants and agrees with each Underwriter that:
     (a)  Filings with the Commission. The Company will (i) pay the registration fees for this offering within the time period required by Rule 456(b)(i) under the Securities Act prior to the Closing Date (ii) file the Prospectus in a form approved by the Underwriters with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act not later than the close of business on the second business day following the date of determination of the public offering price of the Securities or, if applicable, such earlier time as may be required by Rule 424(b) and Rule 430A, 430B or 430C under the Securities Act. The Company will file any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus to the extent required by Rule 433 under the Securities Act; and the Company will furnish copies of the Prospectus and each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus (to the extent not previously delivered) to the Underwriters in New York City prior to 10:00 A.M., New York City time, on the business day next succeeding the date of this Agreement in such quantities as the Representative may reasonably request.
     (b)  Delivery of Copies. The Company will deliver, without charge, to each Underwriter during the Prospectus Delivery Period (as defined below), as many copies of the Prospectus (including all amendments and supplements thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein) and each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus (if applicable) as the Representative may reasonably request. As used herein, the term “Prospectus Delivery Period” means such period of time after the first date of the public offering of the Securities as in the opinion of counsel for the Underwriters a prospectus relating to the Securities is required by law to be delivered (or required to be delivered but for Rule 172 under the Securities Act) in connection with sales of the Securities by any Underwriter or dealer.
     (c)  Amendments or Supplements; Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses. Before preparing, using, authorizing, approving, referring to or filing any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, and before filing any amendment or supplement to the Registration

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Statement or the Prospectus, the Company will furnish to the Representative and counsel for the Underwriters a copy of the proposed Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, amendment or supplement for review and will not prepare, use, authorize, approve, refer to or file any such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or file any such proposed amendment or supplement to which the Representative reasonably objects unless, in the case of a filing, the Company is required by law to make such filing.
     (d)  Notice to the Representative. The Company will advise the Representative promptly, and confirm such advice in writing, (i) when any amendment to the Registration Statement has been filed or becomes effective; (ii) when any supplement to the Prospectus or any amendment to the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus has been filed; (iii) of any request by the Commission for any amendment to the Registration Statement or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus or the receipt of any comments from the Commission relating to the Registration Statement or any other request by the Commission for any additional information; (iv) of the issuance by the Commission of any order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for that purpose or pursuant to Section 8A of the Securities Act; (v) of the occurrence of any event within the Prospectus Delivery Period as a result of which the Prospectus, the Time of Sale Information or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances existing when the Prospectus is delivered to a purchaser, not misleading; (vi) of the receipt by the Company of any notice of objection of the Commission to the use of the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto pursuant to Rule 401(g)(2) under the Securities Act; and (vii) of the receipt by the Company of any notice with respect to any suspension of the qualification of the Securities for offer and sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose; and the Company will use its reasonable best efforts to prevent the issuance of any such order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus or suspending any such qualification of the Securities and, if any such order is issued, will obtain as soon as possible the withdrawal thereof.
     (e)  Ongoing Compliance. (1) If during the Prospectus Delivery Period (i) any event shall occur or condition shall exist as a result of which the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances existing when the Prospectus is delivered to a purchaser, not misleading or (ii) it is necessary to amend or supplement the Prospectus to comply with law, the Company will immediately notify the Underwriters thereof and forthwith prepare and, subject to paragraph (c) above, file with the Commission and furnish to the Underwriters and to such dealers as the Representative may designate, such amendments or supplements to the Prospectus as may be necessary so that the statements in the Prospectus as so amended or

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supplemented will not, in the light of the circumstances existing when the Prospectus is delivered to a purchaser, be misleading or so that the Prospectus will comply with law and (2) if at any time prior to the Closing Date (i) any event shall occur or condition shall exist as a result of which the Time of Sale Information as then amended or supplemented would include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances, not misleading or (ii) it is necessary to amend or supplement the Time of Sale Information to comply with law, the Company will immediately notify the Underwriters thereof and forthwith prepare and, subject to paragraph (c) above, file with the Commission (to the extent required) and furnish to the Underwriters and to such dealers as the Representative may designate, such amendments or supplements to the Time of Sale Information as may be necessary so that the statements in the Time of Sale Information as so amended or supplemented will not, in the light of the circumstances, be misleading or so that the Time of Sale Information will comply with law.
     (f)  Blue Sky Compliance. The Company will qualify the Securities for offer and sale under the securities or Blue Sky laws of such jurisdictions as the Representative shall reasonably request and will continue such qualifications in effect so long as required for distribution of the Securities; provided that the Company shall not be required to (i) qualify as a foreign corporation or other entity or as a dealer in securities in any such jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be required to so qualify, (ii) file any general consent to service of process in any such jurisdiction or (iii) subject itself to taxation in any such jurisdiction if it is not otherwise so subject.
     (g)  Restriction on Issuances. During the period from the date hereof through and including the Closing Date or such later date as is specified in the Underwriting Agreement, the Company will not, without the prior written consent of the Representative, offer, sell, contract to sell or otherwise dispose of, in the United States, any U.S. dollar-denominated debt securities issued or guaranteed by the Company and having a tenor of more than one year.
     (h)  Use of Proceeds. The Company will apply the net proceeds from the sale of the Securities as described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus under the heading “Use of Proceeds”.
     (i)  No Stabilization. The Company will not take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that could reasonably be expected to cause or result in any stabilization in violation of applicable laws or manipulation of the price of the Securities; provided , that no representation or warranty is made with respect to the Underwriters.
     (j)  Filing of Exchange Act Documents. The Company will file promptly all reports and any definitive proxy or information statements required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the Prospectus Delivery Period.

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     (k)  Record Retention . The Company will, pursuant to reasonable procedures developed in good faith, retain copies of each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus that is not filed with the Commission in accordance with Rule 433 under the Securities Act.
     5.  Certain Agreements of the Underwriters . Each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, hereby represents and agrees that:
     (a) It has not and will not use, authorize use of, refer to, or participate in the planning for use of, any “free writing prospectus”, as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act (which term includes use of any written information furnished to the Commission by the Company and not incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement and any press release issued by the Company) other than (i) a free writing prospectus that contains no “issuer information” (as defined in Rule 433(h)(2) under the Securities Act) that was not included (including through incorporation by reference) in the Preliminary Prospectus or a previously filed Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, (ii) any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus listed on Schedule 3 to the Underwriting Agreement or prepared pursuant to Section 3(c) or Section 4(c) above, or (iii) any free writing prospectus prepared by such underwriter and approved by the Company in advance in writing (each such free writing prospectus referred to in clauses (i) or (iii), an “Underwriter Free Writing Prospectus.”).
     (b) Other than in the United States, no action has been or will be taken by the Company in any jurisdiction that would permit a public offering of the Securities or possession or distribution of any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, any Underwriter Free Writing Prospectus, the Time of Sale Information or the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto or any other offering material relating to the Securities in any country or jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required. Each Underwriter agrees that it will comply with all applicable laws and regulations in each jurisdiction in which it acquires, offers, sells or delivers Securities or has in its possession or distributes any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus any Underwriter Free Writing Prospectus, the Time of Sale Information or the Prospectus or any amendments or supplements thereto or any such other material.
     (c) It has not and will not distribute any Underwriter Free Writing Prospectus referred to in clause (a)(i) in a manner reasonably designed to lead to its broad unrestricted dissemination.
     (d) It has not and will not, without the prior written consent of the Company, use any free writing prospectus that contains the final terms of the Securities unless such terms have previously been included in a free writing prospectus filed with the Commission.
     (e) It is not subject to any pending proceeding under Section 8A of the Securities Act with respect to the offering (and will promptly notify the Company if any such proceeding against it is initiated during the Prospectus Delivery Period).

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     (f)  Offer to Public . It has not offered or sold and will not offer or sell prior to the expiry of the period of six months from the Closing Date any Securities to persons in the United Kingdom except to persons whose ordinary activities involve them in acquiring, holding, managing or disposing of investments (as principal or agent) for the purposes of their businesses or otherwise in circumstances which have not resulted and will not result in an offer to the public in the United Kingdom within the meaning of the Public Offers of Securities Regulations 1995, as amended.
     (g)  Financial Promotion . It has only communicated or caused to be communicated and will only communicate or cause to be communicated any invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of section 21 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (the “FSMA”) of Great Britain) received by it in connection with the issue or sale of such Securities or any investments representing the Securities (including without limitation the Registration Statement registering the Securities, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus) in circumstances in which section 21(1) of the FSMA does not apply to the Company.
     (h)  General Compliance . It has complied and will comply with all the applicable provisions of the FSMA with respect to anything done by it in relation to any Securities in, from or otherwise involving the United Kingdom.
     (i) In relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area which has implemented the Prospectus Directive (each, a “Member State”), with effect from and including the date on which the Prospectus Directive is implemented in that Member State, it has not made and will not make an offer of Securities to the public in that Member State, except that it may, with effect from and including such date, make an offer of Securities to the public in that Member State:
(i) at any time to legal entities which are authorized or regulated to operate in the financial markets or, if not so authorized or regulated, whose corporate purpose is solely to invest in securities;
(ii) at any time to any legal entity which has two or more of (1) an average of at least 250 employees during the last financial year; (2) a total balance sheet of more than €43,000,000; and (3) an annual net turnover of more than €50,000,000, as shown in its last annual or consolidated accounts; or
(iii) at any time in any other circumstances which do not require the publication by us of a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Directive.
     For the purposes of the above, the expression an “offer of Securities to the public” in relation to any Securities in any Member State means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the Securities to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe the Securities, as the same may be varied in that Member State by any measure implementing the Prospectus Directive in that Member State and the expression Prospectus Directive

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means Directive 2003/71/EC and includes any relevant implementing measure in that Member State.
     6.  Conditions of Underwriters’ Obligations. The obligation of each Underwriter to purchase Securities on the Closing Date as provided herein is subject to the performance by the Company of its covenants and other obligations hereunder and to the following additional conditions:
     (a)  Registration Compliance; No Stop Order. If a post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement is required to be filed under the Securities Act, such post-effective amendment shall have become effective, and the Representative shall have received notice thereof, not later than 5:00 P.M., New York City time, on the date of the Underwriting Agreement; if applicable, the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement shall have become effective by 10:00 a.m. New York City time on the business day following the date of the Underwriting Agreement; no order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall be in effect, and no proceeding for such purpose, pursuant to Rule 401(g)(2) or pursuant to Section 8A under the Securities Act shall be pending before or threatened by the Commission; the Prospectus and each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus shall have been timely filed with the Commission under the Securities Act (in the case of an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, to the extent required by Rule 433 under the Securities Act) and in accordance with Section 4(a) hereof; and all requests by the Commission for additional information shall have been complied with to the reasonable satisfaction of the Representative.
     (b)  Representations and Warranties. The representations and warranties of the Company contained herein shall be true and correct on the date hereof and on and as of the Closing Date; and the statements of the Company and its senior representatives made in any certificates delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall be true and correct on and as of the Closing Date.
     (c)  No Downgrade . If set forth in the Underwriting Agreement that incorporates by reference these Standard Provisions that provide for the sale of these Securities, subsequent to the execution and delivery of such Agreement, (i) no downgrading shall have occurred in the long-term credit rating accorded the Securities or any other senior debt securities of or guaranteed by the Company by Moody’s Investor Services or Standard & Poor’s and (ii) no such organization shall have publicly announced that it has under surveillance or review such rating of the Securities or any other senior debt securities of or guaranteed by the Company (other than an announcement with positive implications of a possible upgrading).
     (d)  No Material Adverse Change. No event or condition of a type described in Section 3(f) hereof shall have occurred or shall exist, which event or condition is not described in the Time of Sale Information (excluding any amendment or supplement thereto) and the Prospectus (excluding any amendment or supplement thereto) and the effect of which in the reasonable judgment of the Representative (after consultations with the Company among senior representatives) makes it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the offering, sale or delivery of the Securities on the terms and in the manner contemplated by this Agreement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus.
     (e)  Senior Representative’s Certificate. The Representative shall have received on and as of the Closing Date a certificate of an executive director, treasurer or controller of the Company who has specific knowledge of the Company’s financial matters and is satisfactory to the Representative (i) confirming that such senior representative has carefully reviewed the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus and, to the best knowledge of such senior representative, the representations set forth in Sections 3(a) and 3(b) hereof are true

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and correct, (ii) confirming that the other representations and warranties of the Company in this Agreement are true and correct and that the Company has complied with all agreements and satisfied all conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied hereunder at or prior to the Closing Date and (iii) to the effect set forth in paragraphs (a), (c) and (d) above.
     (f)  Comfort Letters. If set forth in the Underwriting Agreement that incorporates by reference these Standard Provisions that provide for the sale of these Securities, on the date of such Agreement and on the Closing Date, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP shall have furnished to the Representative, at the request of the Company, letters, dated the respective dates of delivery thereof and addressed to the Underwriters, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representative, containing statements and information of the type customarily included in accountants’ “comfort letters” to underwriters with respect to the financial statements and certain financial information contained or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information (as applicable) and the Prospectus; provided that the letter delivered on the Closing Date shall use a “cut-off” date no more than five business days prior to the Closing Date, unless otherwise agreed.
     (g)  Opinion of Counsel for the Company. If set forth in the Underwriting Agreement that incorporates by reference these Standard Provisions that provide for the sale of these Securities, internal counsel of the Company shall have furnished to the Representative, at the request of the Company, their written opinion, dated the Closing Date and addressed to the Underwriters, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representative, to the effect set forth in Annex B-1 hereto. LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae LLP, special New York counsel for the Company, shall have furnished to the Representative, at the request of the Company, their written opinion and negative assurance letter, both dated the Closing Date and addressed to the Underwriters, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representative, to the effect set forth in Annex B-2 and Annex B-3, respectively, hereto. LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae, London, England, special United Kingdom counsel for the Company, shall have furnished to the Representative, at the request of the Company, their written opinion, dated the Closing Date and addressed to the Underwriters, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representative, to the effect set forth in Annex B-4 hereto.
     (h)  Opinion of Counsel for the Underwriters. If set forth in the Underwriting Agreement that incorporates by reference these Standard Provisions that provide for the sale of these Securities, the Representative shall have received on and as of the Closing Date an opinion of Davis Polk & Wardwell, counsel for the Underwriters, with respect to such matters as the Representative may reasonably request, and such counsel shall have received such documents and information as they may reasonably request to enable them to pass upon such matters.
     (i)  No Legal Impediment to Issuance. No action shall have been taken and no statute, rule, regulation or order shall have been enacted, adopted or issued by any federal, state or foreign governmental or regulatory authority that would, as of the Closing Date, prevent the issuance or sale of the Securities; and no injunction or order of any U.S. federal, state or United Kingdom court shall have been issued that would, as of the Closing Date, prevent the issuance or sale of the Securities.

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     All opinions, letters, certificates and evidence mentioned above or elsewhere in this Agreement shall be deemed to be in compliance with the provisions hereof only if they are in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to counsel for the Underwriters.
     7.  Indemnification and Contribution .
     (a)  Indemnification of the Underwriters. The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter, its affiliates, directors and officers and each person, if any, who controls such Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, from and against any and all losses, claims, damages and liabilities (including, without limitation, legal fees and other expenses incurred in connection with any suit, action or proceeding or any claim asserted as such fees and expenses are incurred), joint or several, that arise out of, or are based upon, (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement, or caused by any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, not misleading, or (ii) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto), any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or any Time of Sale Information, or caused by any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, in each case except insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities arise out of, or are based upon, any untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with any information relating to any Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter through the Representative expressly for use therein.
     (b)  Indemnification of the Company. Each Underwriter agrees, severally and not jointly, to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its directors, its senior representatives who signed the Registration Statement and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act to the same extent as the indemnity set forth in paragraph (a) above, but only with respect to any losses, claims, damages or liabilities that arise out of, or are based upon, any untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with any information relating to such Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter through the Representative expressly for use in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto), any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or any Time of Sale Information, it being understood and agreed that the only such information consists of the information identified in the Underwriting Agreement as being provided by the Underwriters.
     (c)  Notice and Procedures. If any suit, action, proceeding (including any governmental or regulatory investigation), claim or demand shall be brought or asserted against any person in respect of which indemnification may be sought pursuant to either paragraph (a) or (b) above, such person (the “Indemnified Person”) shall promptly

14


 

notify the person against whom such indemnification may be sought (the “Indemnifying Person”) in writing; provided that the failure to notify the Indemnifying Person shall not relieve it from any liability that it may have under this Section 7 except to the extent that it has been materially prejudiced (through the forfeiture of substantive rights or defenses) by such failure; and provided further , that the failure to notify the Indemnifying Person shall not relieve it from any liability that it may have to an Indemnified Person otherwise than under this Section 7. If any such proceeding shall be brought or asserted against an Indemnified Person and it shall have notified the Indemnifying Person thereof, the Indemnifying Person shall retain counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Person to represent the Indemnified Person and any others entitled to indemnification pursuant to this Section 7 that the Indemnifying Person may designate in such proceeding and shall pay the fees and expenses of such counsel related to such proceeding as incurred. In any such proceeding, any Indemnified Person shall have the right to retain its own counsel, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Indemnified Person unless (i) the Indemnifying Person and the Indemnified Person shall have mutually agreed to the contrary; (ii) the Indemnifying Person has failed within a reasonable time to retain counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Person; (iii) the Indemnified Person shall have reasonably concluded that there may be legal defenses available to it that are different from or in addition to those available to the Indemnifying Person; or (iv) the named parties in any such proceeding (including any impleaded parties) include both the Indemnifying Person and the Indemnified Person and representation of both parties by the same counsel would be inappropriate due to actual or potential differing interests between them. It is understood and agreed that the Indemnifying Person shall not, in connection with any proceeding or related proceeding in the same jurisdiction, be liable for the fees and expenses of more than one separate firm (in addition to any local counsel) for all Indemnified Persons, and that all such fees and expenses shall be reimbursed as they are incurred. Any such separate firm for any Underwriter, its affiliates, directors and officers and any control persons of such Underwriter shall be designated in writing by the Representative and any such separate firm for the Company, its directors, its senior representatives who signed the Registration Statement and any control persons of the Company shall be designated in writing by the Company. The Indemnifying Person shall not be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its written consent, but if settled with such consent or if there be a final judgment for the plaintiff, the Indemnifying Person agrees to indemnify each Indemnified Person from and against any loss or liability by reason of such settlement or judgment. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, if at any time an Indemnified Person shall have requested that an Indemnifying Person reimburse the Indemnified Person for fees and expenses of counsel as contemplated by this paragraph, the Indemnifying Person shall be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its written consent if (i) such settlement is entered into more than 30 days after receipt by the Indemnifying Person of such request and (ii) the Indemnifying Person shall not have reimbursed the Indemnified Person in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement. No Indemnifying Person shall, without the written consent of the Indemnified Person, effect any settlement of any pending or threatened proceeding in respect of which any Indemnified Person is or could have been a party and

15


 

indemnification could have been sought hereunder by such Indemnified Person, unless such settlement (x) includes an unconditional release of such Indemnified Person, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to such Indemnified Person, from all liability on claims that are the subject matter of such proceeding and (y) does not include any statement as to or any admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act by or on behalf of any Indemnified Person.
     (d)  Contribution. If the indemnification provided for in paragraphs (a) and (b) above is unavailable to an Indemnified Person or insufficient in respect of any losses, claims, damages or liabilities referred to therein, then each Indemnifying Person under such paragraph, in lieu of indemnifying such Indemnified Person thereunder, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such Indemnified Person as a result of such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (i) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other from the offering of the Securities or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause (i) is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause (i) but also the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other in connection with the statements or omissions that resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other shall be deemed to be in the same respective proportions as the net proceeds (before deducting expenses) received by the Company from the sale of the Securities and the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by the Underwriters in connection therewith, in each case as set forth in the table on the cover of the Prospectus, bear to the aggregate offering price of the Securities. The relative fault of the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company or by the Underwriters and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission.
     (e)  Limitation on Liability. The Company and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 7 were determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Underwriters were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation that does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in paragraph (d) above. The amount paid or payable by an Indemnified Person as a result of the losses, claims, damages and liabilities referred to in paragraph (d) above shall be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth above, any legal or other expenses incurred by such Indemnified Person in connection with any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 7, in no event shall an Underwriter be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by such Underwriter with respect to the offering of the Securities exceeds the amount of any damages that such Underwriter has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No

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person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The Underwriters’ obligations to contribute pursuant to this Section 7 are several in proportion to their respective purchase obligations hereunder and not joint.
     (f)  Non-Exclusive Remedies. The remedies provided for in this Section 7 are not exclusive and shall not limit any rights or remedies which may otherwise be available to any Indemnified Person at law or in equity.
     8.  Termination . This Agreement may be terminated in the discretion of the Representative, with respect to clauses (i), (ii) and (iii), by notice to the Company, if after the execution and delivery of this Agreement and prior to the Closing Date (i) trading generally shall have been suspended or materially limited on the New York Stock Exchange or the London Stock Exchange; (ii) trading of any securities issued or guaranteed by the Company shall have been suspended on any exchange; (iii) a general moratorium on commercial banking activities shall have been declared by U.S. federal or New York State authorities or authorities in the United Kingdom; (iv) there shall have occurred any outbreak or escalation of hostilities or any change in financial markets or any calamity or crisis, involving the United States or the United Kingdom, that, in the reasonable judgment of the Representative (after consultations with the Company among senior representatives), is so material and adverse as to make it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the offering, sale or delivery of the Securities on the terms and in the manner contemplated by this Agreement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus.
     9.  Defaulting Underwriter .
     (a) If, on the Closing Date, any Underwriter defaults on its obligation to purchase the Securities that it has agreed to purchase hereunder, the non-defaulting Underwriters may in their discretion arrange for the purchase of such Securities by other persons satisfactory to the Company on the terms contained in this Agreement. If, within 36 hours after any such default by any Underwriter, the non-defaulting Underwriters do not arrange for the purchase of such Securities, then the Company shall be entitled to a further period of 36 hours within which to procure other persons satisfactory to the non-defaulting Underwriters to purchase such Securities on such terms. If other persons become obligated or agree to purchase the Securities of a defaulting Underwriter, either the non-defaulting Underwriters or the Company may postpone the Closing Date for up to five full business days in order to effect any changes that in the opinion of counsel for the Company or counsel for the Underwriters may be necessary in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus or in any other document or arrangement, and the Company agrees to promptly prepare any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus that effects any such changes. As used in this Agreement, the term “Underwriter” includes, for all purposes of this Agreement unless the context otherwise requires, any person not listed in the Underwriting Agreement that, pursuant to this Section 9, purchases Securities that a defaulting Underwriter agreed but failed to purchase.

17


 

     (b) If, after giving effect to any arrangements for the purchase of the Securities of a defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters by the non-defaulting Underwriters and the Company as provided in paragraph (a) above, the aggregate principal amount of such Securities that remains unpurchased does not exceed one-eleventh of the aggregate principal amount of all the Securities, then the Company shall have the right to require each non-defaulting Underwriter to purchase the principal amount of Securities that such Underwriter agreed to purchase hereunder plus such Underwriter’s pro rata share (based on the principal amount of Securities that such Underwriter agreed to purchase hereunder) of the Securities of such defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters for which such arrangements have not been made.
     (c) If, after giving effect to any arrangements for the purchase of the Securities of a defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters by the non-defaulting Underwriters and the Company as provided in paragraph (a) above, the aggregate principal amount of such Securities that remains unpurchased exceeds one-eleventh of the aggregate principal amount of all the Securities, or if the Company shall not exercise the right described in paragraph (b) above, then this Agreement shall terminate without liability on the part of the non-defaulting Underwriters. Any termination of this Agreement pursuant to this Section 9 shall be without liability on the part of the Company, except that the Company will continue to be liable for the payment of expenses as set forth in Section 10 hereof and except that the provisions of Section 7 hereof shall not terminate and shall remain in effect.
     (d) Nothing contained herein shall relieve a defaulting Underwriter of any liability it may have to the Company or any non-defaulting Underwriter for damages caused by its default.
     10.  Payment of Expenses .
     (a) Whether or not the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are consummated or this Agreement is terminated, the Company will pay or cause to be paid all costs and expenses incident to the performance of its obligations hereunder, including without limitation, (i) the costs incident to the authorization, issuance, sale, preparation and delivery of the Securities and any taxes payable in that connection; (ii) the costs incident to the preparation, printing and filing under the Securities Act of the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, any Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus (including all exhibits, amendments and supplements thereto) and the distribution thereof; (iii) the costs of reproducing and distributing each of the Transaction Documents; (iv) the fees and expenses of the Company’s counsel and independent accountants; (v) the fees and expenses incurred in connection with the registration or qualification and determination of eligibility for investment of the Securities under the laws of such jurisdictions as the Representative may designate; (vi) any fees charged by rating agencies for rating the Securities; (vii) the fees and expenses of the Trustee and any paying agent (including related fees and expenses of any counsel to such parties); and (viii) all expenses incurred by the Company in connection with any “road show” presentation to potential investors.

18


 

     (b) If (i) this Agreement is terminated pursuant to Section 8 (other than clause (v) of Section 8 if the Company and the Underwriters subsequently enter into another agreement for the Underwriters to underwrite the same or substantially similar securities of the Company), (ii) the Company for any reason fails to tender the Securities for delivery to the Underwriters or (iii) the Underwriters decline to purchase the Securities for any reason permitted under this Agreement, the Company agrees to reimburse the Underwriters for all out-of-pocket costs and expenses (including the fees and expenses of their counsel) reasonably incurred by the Underwriters in connection with this Agreement and the offering contemplated hereby.
     11.  Persons Entitled to Benefit of Agreement . This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties hereto and their respective successors and the officers, senior representatives and directors and any controlling persons referred to herein, and the affiliates of each Underwriter referred to in Section 7 hereof. Nothing in this Agreement is intended or shall be construed to give any other person any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of this Agreement or any provision contained herein. No purchaser of Securities from any Underwriter shall be deemed to be a successor merely by reason of such purchase.
     12.  Survival . The respective indemnities, rights of contribution, representations, warranties and agreements of the Company and the Underwriters contained in this Agreement or made by or on behalf of the Company or the Underwriters pursuant to this Agreement or any certificate delivered pursuant hereto shall survive the delivery of and payment for the Securities and shall remain in full force and effect, regardless of any termination of this Agreement or any investigation made by or on behalf of the Company or the Underwriters.
     13.  Certain Defined Terms . For purposes of this Agreement, (a) except where otherwise expressly provided, the term “affiliate” has the meaning set forth in Rule 405 under the Securities Act; (b) the term “business day” means any day other than a day on which banks are permitted or required to be closed in New York City or London; (c) the term “subsidiaries” has the meaning set forth in Rule 405 under the Securities Act; and (d) the term “principal subsidiaries” means National Grid Electricity Transmission plc, National Grid Gas plc and National Grid USA.
     14.  Consent to Jurisdiction .
     (a) The Company irrevocably consents and agrees, for the benefit of the Underwriters, that any legal action, suit or proceeding against it with respect to its obligations, liabilities or any other matter arising out of or in connection with this Agreement may be brought in the courts of the State of New York or the courts of the United States of America located in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York and hereby irrevocably consents and submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of each such court in personam , generally and unconditionally with respect to any action, suit or proceeding for itself and in respect of its properties, assets and revenues.

19


 

     (b) The Company hereby irrevocably designates, appoints, and empowers CT Corporation System with offices at 111 Eighth Avenue, 13th Floor, New York, New York 10011, as its designee, appointee and agent to receive, accept and acknowledge for and on its behalf, and its properties, assets and revenues, service of any and all legal process, summons, notices and documents which may be served in any such action, suit or proceeding brought in any such United States or State court which may be made on such designee, appointee and agent in accordance with legal procedures prescribed for such courts. If for any reason such designee, appointee and agent hereunder shall cease to be available to act as such, the Company agrees to designate a new designee, appointee and agent in The City of New York on the terms and for the purposes of this Section 14 satisfactory to the Representatives. The Company further hereby irrevocably consents and agrees to the service of any and all legal process, summons, notices and documents out of any of the aforesaid courts in any such action, suit or proceeding by serving a copy thereof upon the relevant agent for service of process referred to in this Section 14 (whether or not the appointment of such agent shall for any reason prove to be ineffective or such agent shall accept or acknowledge such service) or by mailing copies thereof by registered or certified air mail, first class, postage prepaid, to each of them at their respective addresses specified in or designated pursuant to this Agreement. The Company agrees that the failure of any such designee, appointee and agent to give any notice of such service to it shall not impair or affect in any way the validity of such service or any judgment rendered in any action or proceeding based thereon. Nothing herein shall in any way be deemed to limit the ability of any Underwriter to serve any such legal process, summons, notices and documents in any other manner permitted by applicable law or to obtain jurisdiction over the undersigned or bring actions, suits or proceedings against the undersigned in any jurisdictions, and in any manner, as may be permitted by applicable law. The Company hereby irrevocably and unconditionally waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any objection which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any of the aforesaid actions, suits or proceedings arising out of or in connection with this Agreement brought in the United States federal courts or the courts of the State of New York located in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York and hereby further irrevocably and unconditionally waives and agrees not to plead or claim in any such court that any such action, suit or proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum.
     15.  Miscellaneous .
     (a)  Authority of the Representative. Any action by the Underwriters hereunder may be taken by the Representative on behalf of the Underwriters, and any such action taken by the Representative shall be binding upon the Underwriters.
     (b)  Notices. All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if mailed or transmitted and confirmed by any standard form of telecommunication. Notices to the Underwriters shall be given to the Representative at the address set forth in the Underwriting Agreement. Notices to the Company shall be given to it at National Grid plc, 1-3 Strand, London, WC2N 5EH England, (fax: +44 20 7004 3342); Attention: Malcolm

20


 

Cooper, Director of Tax and Treasury, or if different, to the address set forth in the Underwriting Agreement.
     (c)  Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.
     (d)  Amendments or Waivers. No amendment or waiver of any provision of this Agreement, nor any consent or approval to any departure therefrom, shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be in writing and signed by the parties hereto.
     (e)  Headings. The headings herein are included for convenience of reference only and are not intended to be part of, or to affect the meaning or interpretation of, this Agreement.

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Annex A
[Form of Underwriting Agreement]
Underwriting Agreement
                     , 200__
[Name(s) of Representative(s)]
  As Representative(s) of the
  several Underwriters listed
  in Schedule 1 hereto
c/o [Name(s) and Address(es) of Representative(s)]
Ladies and Gentlemen:
     National Grid plc, a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (the “Company”), proposes to issue and sell to the several Underwriters listed in Schedule 1 hereto (the “Underwriters”), for whom you are acting as representative (the “Representative”), $                                           principal amount of its                      % [Senior] Notes due 20___having the terms set forth in Schedule 2 hereto (the “Securities”). The Securities will be issued pursuant to an Indenture [to be] dated as of                                           , 200___ (the “Indenture”) between the Company and                                          , as trustee (the “Trustee”).
     The Company agrees to issue and sell the Securities to the several Underwriters as provided in this Agreement, and each Underwriter, on the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements set forth herein and subject to the conditions set forth herein, agrees, severally and not jointly, to purchase from the Company the respective principal amount of Securities set forth opposite such Underwriter’s name in Schedule 1 hereto at a price equal to                      % of the principal amount thereof plus accrued interest, if any, from                                           , 200___ to the Closing Date (as defined below). The Company will not be obligated to deliver any of the Securities except upon payment for all the Securities to be purchased as provided herein.
     The Company understands that the Underwriters intend to make a public offering of the Securities as soon after the effectiveness of this Agreement as in the judgment of the Representative is advisable, and initially to offer the Securities on the terms set forth in the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus. Schedule 3 hereto sets forth the Time of Sale Information made available at the Time of Sale, [including certain information provided by the underwriters orally to purchasers]. The Company

22


 

acknowledges and agrees that the Underwriters may offer and sell Securities to or through any affiliate of an Underwriter and that any such affiliate may offer and sell Securities purchased by it to or through any Underwriter.
     Payment for and delivery of the Securities shall be made at the offices of Davis Polk & Wardwell at 10:00 A.M., New York City time, on                                           , 200___, or at such other time or place on the same or such other date, not later than the fifth business day thereafter, as the Representative and the Company may agree upon in writing.
     Payment for the Securities shall be made by wire transfer in immediately available funds to the account(s) specified by the Company to the Representative against delivery to the nominee of The Depository Trust Company, for the account of the Underwriters, of one or more global notes representing the Securities (collectively, the “Global Note”), with any transfer taxes payable in connection with the sale of the Securities duly paid by the Company. The Global Note will be made available for inspection by the Representative not later than 1:00 P.M., New York City time, on the business day prior to the Closing Date.
     The Company and the Underwriters acknowledge and agree that the only information relating to any Underwriter that has been furnished to the Company in writing by any Underwriter through the Representative expressly for use in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto) any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or any Time of Sale Information [and any Preliminary Prospectus] consists of the following: [ insert references to appropriate paragraphs ] [and the following information in the Issuer Free Writing Prospectus dated                      , 20___; [insert description of information provided by Underwriters]].
     The obligation of each Underwriter to purchase Securities on the Closing Date as provided herein is subject to the performance by the Company of its covenants and other obligations in the Debt Securities Underwriting Agreement Standard Provisions [choose one as applicable for transaction: including/excluding] Sections 6 (c), (f), (g) and (h) thereof.
     [Consider definition of “principal subsidiary” based on current circumstances]
     Unless otherwise indicated, all provisions contained in the document entitled National Grid plc Debt Securities Underwriting Agreement Standard Provisions are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety and shall be deemed to be a part of this Underwriting Agreement to the same extent as if such provisions had been set forth in full herein, except that if any term defined in such Underwriting Agreement Standard Provisions is otherwise defined herein, the definition set forth herein shall control.
     This Agreement may be signed in counterparts (which may include counterparts delivered by any standard form of telecommunication), each of which shall be an original and all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

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     If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding, please indicate your acceptance of this Agreement by signing in the space provided below.
             
    Very truly yours,    
 
           
    National Grid plc    
 
           
 
  By        
 
     
 
Title:
   
Accepted:                      , 200__
[NAME(S) OF REPRESENTATIVE(S)]
For [itself] [themselves] and on behalf of the
several Underwriters listed
in Schedule 1 hereto.
         
By
       
 
 
 
Authorized Signatory
   

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Schedule 1
                 
Underwriter         Principal Amount  
       
 
  $    
       
 
       
       
 
     
Total  
 
  $    

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Schedule 2
Representative(s) and Address(es) for Notices:
Certain Terms of the Securities:
     Title of Securities:                      % [Senior] Notes due 20___
     Aggregate Principal Amount of Securities: $                     
     Maturity Date:                      , 20___
     Interest Rate: ___%
     Interest Payment Dates:                      and                      , commencing                      ,
                                            200_
     Record Dates:                      and                     
     Redemption Provisions:
     [Other Provisions:]

26


 

Schedule 3
a. Time of Sale Information
[list each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus to be included in the Time of Sale Information]

27


 

Schedule 4
National Grid plc
Pricing Term Sheet
     
Issuer:
   
Size:
  $                     
Maturity:
                       ___, 20___
Coupon:
              %
Price:
              % of face amount
Yield to maturity:
              %
[Spread to Benchmark Treasury:
              %]
[Benchmark Treasury:]
              ]
[Benchmark Treasury [Price] and Yield:
                      %]
Interest Payment Dates:
              and       , commencing             , 2006
Redemption Provisions:
   
[First call date:
                       ]
[Make-whole call
  [At any time][Before the first call date] at a discount rate of Treasury plus ___ basis points]
Redemption prices:
  Commencing                   : ___%
 
  Commencing                   : ___%
 
  Commencing                   : 100%
[Redemption with proceeds of equity offering
  Prior to             , up to 35% may be redeemed at ___%]
Settlement:
  T+_;                   ___, 200_
[CUSIP:
  ]
[Ratings:
  ]
Note: A securities rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities and may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time.
The issuer has filed a registration statement (including a prospectus) with the SEC for the offering to which this communication relates. Before you invest, you should read the prospectus in that registration statement and other documents the issuer has filed with the SEC for more complete information about the issuer and this offering. You may get these documents for free by visiting EDGAR on the SEC Web site at www.sec.gov. Alternatively, the issuer, any underwriter or any dealer participating in the offering will arrange to send you the prospectus if you request it by calling toll-free 1-8[xx-xxx-xxxx] [or emailing [       ] at [. ]]

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Annex B-1
Form of Opinion of Internal Counsel of National Grid plc
(1) The Company has corporate power and authority necessary to own or hold its properties and to conduct the business in which it is engaged, except where the failure to have such power or authority would not, individually or in the aggregate, affect the validity and binding nature of the securities or have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
(2) To the knowledge of such counsel, except as described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus (including, in each case, documents incorporated by reference therein), there are no legal, governmental or regulatory actions, suits or proceedings in the United Kingdom pending to which the Company or any of its principal subsidiaries in the United Kingdom is a party or to which any property in the United Kingdom of the Company or any of such principal subsidiaries is subject which, individually or in the aggregate, if determined adversely to the Company or any of such principal subsidiaries, would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole; and no such actions, suits or proceedings are threatened in writing.

 


 

Annex B-2
Form of Negative Assurance Letter of Le Boeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae, LLP
     In the course of the preparation by the Company of the Prospectus, we have participated in conferences with certain officers and employees of the Company, with representatives of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, public accountants for the Company, and with representatives of and counsel for the Underwriters, at which conferences the contents of the Registration Statement, Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus and related matters were discussed and at which we reviewed certain corporate records, documents and proceedings. Although we have not undertaken to determine independently, do not express an opinion as to, and do not assume any responsibility for, the accuracy, completeness or fairness of the statements contained in the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus, except to the limited extent stated expressly in paragraphs 5 and 6 of our opinion to you in a separate letter dated the date hereof, we advise you that based on our examination of the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus and upon the above-described procedures, nothing has come to our attention that has caused us to believe that: (i) the Registration Statement, at the Effective Time (including the information, if any, deemed pursuant to Rule 430A, 430B or 430C to be part of the Registration Statement at the Effective Time), contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; (ii) the Preliminary Prospectus, together with the final term sheets dated [            ] relating to the Securities filed pursuant to Rule 433 under the Securities Act, as of [       ] p.m. New York City time on [            ] (the “Disclosure Package”), contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading or (iii) the Prospectus, as of its date, contained, or, on the date hereof, contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted, or, on the date hereof, omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; it being understood that we express no view in any of clauses (i), (ii) or (ii) above with respect to the financial statements and the notes thereto and related statements, supporting schedules and other financial, accounting and related statistical information included, referred to or incorporated by reference therein or omitted therefrom or the statement of eligibility of the Trustee on Form T-1. In addition, we express no belief as to the conveyance for the purpose of Rule 159 under the Securities Act of the Disclosure Package or the information contained therein to investors.

 


 

ANNEX B-3
Form of Opinion of LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae, LLP
     In our examination, we have assumed, without inquiry, that (i) the Company has been duly organized and is validly existing under the laws of England and Wales and has full power, capacity and authority to make and perform its obligations under the Transaction Documents, (ii) each of the Transaction Documents has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company under the laws of England and Wales, (iii) each of the parties to the Transaction Documents had the power and authority to execute, deliver and perform all of its obligations under the Transaction Documents, (iv) each such party has duly authorized each of the Transaction Documents by all requisite action and has duly executed and delivered each of the Transaction Documents, (v) each of the Transaction Documents represents the valid, binding and enforceable obligation of each party thereto other than the Company, (vi) all natural persons have the requisite legal capacity, (vii) all signatures on all documents examined by us are genuine, (viii) all documents submitted to us as originals are authentic, (ix) all documents submitted to us as copies conform to the originals thereof and (x) the originals of such latter documents are authentic. As to any facts material to our opinions, we have, when the relevant facts were not independently established, relied upon the aforesaid agreements (including the Transaction Documents), instruments, certificates, documents and records and upon statements, representations, covenants and certificates of officers and representatives of the Company and its subsidiaries and of public officials. Any use of an expression such as “known to us” or “to our knowledge” refers to the actual knowledge of attorneys of this firm who have devoted substantive attention to the offering, without further investigation.
     We have assumed the conformity of the documents filed with the SEC via the Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval System (“EDGAR”), except for required EDGAR formatting changes, to physical copies delivered to the Company and submitted for our examination.
     Based upon and subject to the foregoing, and subject to the further qualifications, assumptions and limitations set forth below, we are of the opinion that:
(1) To the extent that execution and delivery are matters of the law of the State of New York, the Transaction Documents have been duly executed and delivered by the Company.
(2) The Indenture has been duly qualified under the U.S. Trust Indenture Act of 1939 and constitutes a valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms (subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer and other similar laws relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and to general principles of equity, regardless of whether such principles are considered in a proceeding in equity or at law); and, assuming the due authorization of the Securities, the Securities, when executed and authenticated in accordance with the provisions of the Indenture and delivered to and paid for by the Underwriters pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement, will constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms (subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer and other similar laws relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and to general principles of equity, regardless of whether such principles are considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).

 


 

(3) Neither the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Underwriting Agreement, nor the compliance by the Company with all of the provisions thereof, nor the issuance and sale of the Securities and compliance by the Company with the terms thereof and consummation of the transactions by the Company contemplated thereby, will breach or violate any of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under, any agreement of the Company governed by U.S. law and set forth on Schedule I hereto, any United States federal or New York state law, rule or regulation (other than any state securities Blue Sky laws of any jurisdiction in connection with the purchase and distribution of the Securities by the Underwriters, as to which we express no opinion) or any order known to us of any United States federal or New York state governmental agency having jurisdiction over the Company.
(4) No consent, approval, authorization or order of or qualification with any United States or New York State governmental body or agency that in our experience is normally applicable to general business corporations or to non-U.S. incorporated public utility holding companies in relation to transactions of the type contemplated by the Transaction Documents is required to be made or obtained by the Company for the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by the Underwriting Agreement, except the registration under the Securities Act of the Securities, and such consents, approvals, authorizations, registrations or qualifications (i) as have been obtained and (ii) as may be required under state securities or Blue Sky laws or in connection with the purchase and distribution of the Securities by the Underwriters (as to which we express no opinion).
(5) The statements relating to legal documents included in the Prospectus under the caption “Description of the Notes”, insofar as such statements purport to summarize provisions of the Indenture and the Securities, fairly summarize such provisions in all material respects such legal documents.
(6) The statements set forth in the Prospectus under the caption “Material Tax Considerations—U.S. Taxation”, insofar as such statements purport to summarize certain provisions of the federal income tax laws of the United States, fairly summarize such provisions in all material respects.
(7) The Company is not and, after giving effect to the offering pursuant to the terms of the Underwriting Agreement and application of the net proceeds from the offering as described in the Prospectus under the caption “Use of Proceeds”, will not be, required to register as an “investment company” as defined in the U.S. Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
(8) Based on our general review of the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and our discussions with certain officers and employees of the Company, representatives of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, public accountants for the Company, and with representatives of and counsel for the Underwriters regarding the information furnished, but without independent check or verification, each of the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (in each case except for the financial statements and the notes thereto and related statements, supporting schedules and other financial, accounting and related statistical information included, referred to or incorporated by reference therein, or omitted therefrom, as to which we express no opinion), appears on its face to comply as to form in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
(9) To our knowledge, no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any part thereof has been issued and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or are pending by the Commission under the Securities Act.

2


 

     In expressing the opinion in numbered paragraph 3 above, we do not express any opinion as to whether or not the execution, delivery or performance by the Company of the Underwriting Agreement will constitute a violation of, or a default under, any covenant, restriction or provision with respect to financial ratios or tests or any aspect of the financial condition or results of operations of the Company or any of its subsidiaries.
     In expressing the opinion with respect to “Material Tax Considerations—U.S. Taxation” set forth in numbered paragraph 6 above, we have relied upon the applicable provisions of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder by the U.S. Department of Treasury (the “Regulations”), pertinent judicial decisions, rulings of the U.S. Internal Revenue Service and such other authorities as we have considered relevant, in each case as in effect on the date hereof. It should be noted that such Code, Regulations, judicial decisions, administrative interpretations and other authorities are subject to change at any time, perhaps with retroactive effect. A material change in any of the laws, regulations, decisions, interpretations or authorities upon which our opinion is based could affect such opinion.
     In expressing the opinion in numbered paragraph 8, we necessarily assume the correctness and completeness of the statements made by the Company in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and assume no responsibility therefor, except to the limited extent set forth in numbered paragraphs 5 and 6.
     In rendering such opinion, such counsel may rely as to matters of fact on certificates of responsible officers of the Company and public officials that are furnished to the Underwriters.
     The opinion of LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae LLP described above shall be rendered to the Underwriters at the request of the Company and shall so state therein.

3


 

ANNEX B-4
Form of Opinion of LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae
[To include customary assumptions and qualifications]
(1)   The Company has been duly incorporated and is an existing corporation under the laws of England and Wales.
(2)   The Indenture has been duly authorized, executed and delivered (to the extent of matters of English law) by the Company.
(3)   The Securities have been duly authorized, executed and delivered (to the extent of matters of English law) by the Company.
(4)   This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered (to the extent of matters of English law) by the Company.
(5)   The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of each of the Transaction Documents, the issuance and sale of the Securities and compliance by the Company with the terms thereof and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents are not prohibited by the provisions of the Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association of the Company.
(6)   The statements set forth in the Prospectus under the caption “Material Tax Considerations—U.K. Taxation” and “—European Union Tax Reporting Withholding”, insofar as such statements purport to summarize certain provisions of the tax laws of the
    United Kingdom or the European Union, fairly summarize such provisions in all material respects.
     In rendering such opinion, such counsel may rely as to matters of fact on certificates of responsible officers of the Company and public officials that are furnished to the Underwriters.
     The opinion of LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae described above shall be rendered to the Underwriters at the request of the Company and shall so state therein.

 

 

Exhibit 4.1
NATIONAL GRID PLC
TO
THE BANK OF NEW YORK,
Trustee
INDENTURE
Dated as of June [     ], 2006
DEBT SECURITIES

 


 

Table of Contents
         
    Page  
ARTICLE 1 DEFINITIONS
    1  
 
       
Section 1.1 Certain Terms Defined
    1  
 
       
ARTICLE 2 SECURITY FORMS
    11  
 
       
Section 2.1 Forms Generally
    11  
Section 2.2 Form of Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication
    11  
Section 2.3 Form of Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication by an Authenticating Agent
    12  
Section 2.4 Securities Issuable in the Form of Global Securities
    12  
 
       
ARTICLE 3 THE SECURITIES
    14  
 
       
Section 3.1 Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series
    14  
Section 3.2 Form, Denominations and Currencies
    17  
Section 3.3 Authentication, Dating and Delivery of Securities
    18  
Section 3.4 Execution of Securities
    20  
Section 3.5 Certificate of Authentication
    20  
Section 3.6 Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange
    21  
Section 3.7 Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities
    22  
Section 3.8 Payment of Interest and Certain Additional Amounts; Interest Rights and Certain Additional Amounts Preserved
    23  
Section 3.9 Cancellation of Securities; Destruction Thereof
    24  
Section 3.10 Temporary Securities
    25  
Section 3.11 Computation of Interest
    25  
Section 3.12 CUSIP Numbers
    25  
 
       
ARTICLE 4 COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY
    25  
 
       
Section 4.1 Payment of Securities
    26  
Section 4.2 Offices or Agency
    26  
Section 4.3 Money for Securities Payments to Be Held in Trust
    27  
Section 4.4 Additional Amounts
    28  
Section 4.5 Redemption for Tax Purposes
    29  
Section 4.6 Negative Pledge
    30  
Section 4.7 Corporate Existence
    30  
Section 4.8 Waiver of Certain Covenants
    31  
Section 4.9 Certificates to Trustee
    31  
Section 4.10 Calculation of Original Issue Discount
    31  
 -i-

 


 

Table of Contents
(continued)
         
    Page  
ARTICLE 5 SECURITYHOLDER LISTS AND REPORTS BY THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE
    32  
 
       
Section 5.1 Company to Furnish Trustee Information as to Names and Addresses of Securityholders
    32  
Section 5.2 Preservation and Disclosure of Securityholder Lists
    32  
Section 5.3 Reports by the Company
    33  
Section 5.4 Reports by the Trustee
    34  
 
       
ARTICLE 6 REMEDIES OF THE TRUSTEE AND SECURITYHOLDERS ON EVENT OF DEFAULT
    34  
 
       
Section 6.1 Event of Default Defined; Acceleration of Maturity; Waiver of Default
    34  
Section 6.2 Collection of Indebtedness by Trustee; Trustee May Prove Debt
    37  
Section 6.3 Application of Proceeds
    38  
Section 6.4 Suits for Enforcement
    39  
Section 6.5 Restoration of Rights on Abandonment of Proceedings
    39  
Section 6.6 Limitations on Suits by Securityholders
    40  
Section 6.7 Unconditional Right of Securityholders to Institute Certain Suits
    40  
Section 6.8 Powers and Remedies Cumulative; Delay or Omission Not Waiver of Default
    41  
Section 6.9 Control by Holders of Securities
    41  
Section 6.10 Waiver of Past Defaults
    42  
Section 6.11 Trustee to Give Notice of Default, But May Withhold in Certain Circumstances
    42  
Section 6.12  Right of Court to Require Filing of Undertaking to Pay Costs
    42  
Section 6.13  Waiver of Usury, Stay or Extension Laws
    43  
 
       
ARTICLE 7 CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE
    43  
 
       
Section 7.1 Duties and Responsibilities of the Trustee; During Default; Prior to Default
    43  
Section 7.2 Certain Rights of the Trustee
    44  
Section 7.3 Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals, Disposition of Securities or Application of Proceeds Thereof
    46  
Section 7.4 Trustee and Agents May Hold Securities; Collections, etc
    46  
Section 7.5 Moneys Held by Trustee
    46  
Section 7.6 Compensation and Indemnification of Trustee and Its Prior Claim
    46  
Section 7.7 Right of Trustee to Rely on Officer’s Certificate, etc
    47  
Section 7.8 Qualification of Trustee; Conflicting Interests
    47  
 -ii-

 


 

Table of Contents
(continued)
         
    Page  
Section 7.9 Persons Eligible for Appointment as Trustee
    48  
Section 7.10 Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor Trustee
    48  
Section 7.11 Acceptance of Appointment by Successor Trustee
    49  
Section 7.12 Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business of Trustee
    50  
Section 7.13 Preferential Collection of Claims Against the Company
    51  
Section 7.14 Authenticating Agent
    54  
 
       
ARTICLE 8 CONCERNING THE HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
    55  
 
       
Section 8.1 Action by Holders
    55  
Section 8.2 Proof of Execution of Instruments by Holders of Securities
    56  
Section 8.3 Holders to be Treated as Owners
    56  
Section 8.4 Securities Owned by Company Deemed Not Outstanding
    57  
Section 8.5 Right of Revocation of Action Taken
    57  
 
       
ARTICLE 9 HOLDERS’ MEETINGS
    58  
 
       
Section 9.1 Purposes of Meetings
    58  
Section 9.2 Call of Meetings by Trustee
    58  
Section 9.3 Call of Meetings by Company or Holders
    58  
Section 9.4 Qualifications for Voting
    59  
Section 9.5 Regulations
    59  
Section 9.6 Voting
    60  
Section 9.7 No Delay of Rights by Reason of Meeting
    60  
 
       
ARTICLE 10 SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES
    60  
 
       
Section 10.1 Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Securityholders
    60  
Section 10.2 Supplemental Indentures With Consent of Securityholders
    62  
Section 10.3 Notice of Supplemental Indenture
    64  
Section 10.4 Effect of Supplemental Indenture
    64  
Section 10.5 Documents To Be Given to Trustee
    64  
Section 10.6 Notation on Securities in Respect of Supplemental Indentures
    64  
 
       
ARTICLE 11 CONSOLIDATION, AMALGAMATION, MERGER OR SALE
    65  
 
       
Section 11.1 Company May Consolidate, Etc., Only on Certain Terms
    65  
Section 11.2 Opinion of Counsel
    66  
Section 11.3 Successor Person Substituted
    66  
 
       
 -iii-

 


 

Table of Contents
(continued)
         
    Page  
ARTICLE 12 SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE, UNCLAIMED MONEYS
    66  
 
       
Section 12.1 Satisfaction and Discharge of Securities of Any Series
    66  
Section 12.2 Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance
    68  
Section 12.3 Application of Trust Money
    72  
Section 12.4 Repayment of Moneys Held by Paying Agent
    72  
Section 12.5 Return of Unclaimed Moneys Held by Trustee and Paying Agent
    72  
 
       
ARTICLE 13 MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
    73  
 
       
Section 13.1 Incorporators, Stockholders, Officers and Directors of Company Exempt from Individual Liability
    73  
Section 13.2 Provisions of Indenture for the Sole Benefit of Parties and Securityholders  
    73  
Section 13.3 Successors and Assigns of Company Bound by Indenture
    74  
Section 13.4 Notices to Holders; Waiver
    74  
Section 13.5 Addresses for Notices
    74  
Section 13.6 Officer’s Certificates and Opinions of Counsel; Statements to Be Contained Therein
    74  
Section 13.7 Separability Clause
    76  
Section 13.8 Legal Holidays
    76  
Section 13.9 Conflict of Any Provision of Indenture with Trust Indenture Act
    76  
Section 13.10 Governing Law
    76  
Section 13.11 Judgment Currency
    76  
Section 13.12 No Security Interest Created
    77  
Section 13.13 Submission to Jurisdiction
    77  
Section 13.14 Counterparts
    78  
Section 13.15 Effect of Headings
    78  
 
       
ARTICLE 14 REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES
    78  
 
       
Section 14.1 Applicability of Article
    78  
Section 14.2 Notice of Redemption; Selection of Securities
    78  
Section 14.3 Payment of Securities Called for Redemption
    80  
 
       
ARTICLE 15 REDEMPTION AT THE OPTION OF HOLDERS FOLLOWING A RESTRUCTURING EVENT
    81  
 
       
Section 15.1 Applicability of Article
    81  
Section 15.2 Redemption of Securities issued by the Company at the Option of Holders
    81  
Section 15.3 Definitions related to Redemption of Securities issued by the Company at the Option of Holders
    82  
Section 15.4 Responsibilities of Trustee
    85  
 
       

-iv-

 


 

Table of Contents
(continued)
         
    Page  
Section 15.5 Procedures for Exercise of Put Option by Holders
    85  
 
       
ARTICLE 16 SINKING FUNDS
    86  
 
       
Section 16.1 Applicability of Article
    86  
Section 16.2 Satisfaction of Mandatory Sinking Fund Payment with Securities
    86  
Section 16.3 Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund
    86  
 -v-

 


 

NATIONAL GRID PLC
 
           * Reconciliation and tie between Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended by the Trust Reform Act of 1990, and Indenture, dated as of June [ ], 2006.
         
     
Section of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939   Section of Indenture
310(a)(1), (2) and (5)
      7.9
310(a)(3) and (4)
      Inapplicable
310(b)
      7.8 and 7.10(a)and(b)
311(a)
      7.13(a) and (c)(i) and (ii)
311(b)
      7.13(b)
312(a)
      5.1 and 5.2(a)
312(b)
      5.2(b)
312(c)
      5.2(b)
313(a)
      5.4(a)
313(b)(1)
      Inapplicable
313(b)(2)
      5.4(a)
313(c)
      5.4(a)
313(d)
      5.4(b)
314(a)
      4.9 and 5.3
314(b)
      Inapplicable
314(c)(1) and (2)
      13.6
314(c)(3)
      Inapplicable
314(d)
      Inapplicable
314(e)
      13.6
315(a), (c) and (d)
      7.1
315(b)
      6.11
315(e)
      6.12
316(a)(1)
      6.9 and 6.10
316(a)(2)
      Inapplicable
316(a) (last sentence)
      8.4
316(b)
      6.7
316(c)
      8.1
317(a)
      6.2
317(b)
      4.2 and 4.3
318(a)
      13.9
 
*   This reconciliation and tie shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be part of the Indenture or to have any bearing upon the interpretation of any of its terms or provisions.

 


 

          INDENTURE, dated as of June [     ], 2006, between National Grid plc, a company organized under the laws of England and Wales (herein, subject to Article 11, sometimes called the “ Company ”), having its principal office at 1-3 Strand, London, WC2N 5EH, England, and The Bank of New York, a New York banking corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the State of New York, acting through its London Branch, as Trustee (hereinafter, subject to Article 12, called the “ Trustee ”), having its principal corporate trust office at One Canada Square, London E14 5AL, United Kingdom. Attention: Corporate Trust Administration.
Recitals of the Company
          The Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of its notes, debentures or other evidences of its unsecured indebtedness (herein called the “ Securities ”), to be issued in one or more series, authenticated and delivered, as in this Indenture provided.
          All things necessary have been done to make this Indenture a valid and legally binding agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms.
          NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH:
          For and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the Securities by the Persons acquiring the same, it is mutually covenanted and agreed, for the equal and proportionate benefit of all Holders of the Securities or of the Securities of any series, without giving any priority of any one Security or series over any other, except as otherwise expressly provided herein, as follows:
ARTICLE 1
DEFINITIONS
     Section 1.1 Certain Terms Defined.
     The following terms (except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise clearly requires) for all purposes of this Indenture, including any indenture supplemental hereto, have the respective meanings specified in this Section. All other terms used in this Indenture that are defined in the Trust Indenture Act or the definitions of which in the Securities Act are referred to in the Trust Indenture Act or that are defined by rule of the Commission under the Trust Indenture Act (except as herein otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise clearly requires) have the meanings assigned to such terms in said Trust Indenture Act and in said Securities Act or in said Commission rule under the Trust Indenture Act as in force at the date on which this Indenture was originally executed (subject to Section 10.1 and Section 10.2). The words “herein”, “hereof” and “hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision. All references herein to “Articles” or other subdivisions are to the corresponding Articles or other subdivisions of this Indenture. The terms defined in this Article have the meanings assigned to them in this Article and include the plural as well as the singular.

 


 

          “ Accountants’ Report ” has the meaning specified in Section 15.3.
          “ Additional Amounts ” means any additional amounts which are required hereby or by any Security, under circumstances specified herein or therein, to be paid by the Company in respect of certain taxes, assessments or other governmental charges imposed on Holders specified therein and which are owing to such Holders.
          “ Affiliate ” of any specified Person means any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified Person. For the purposes of this definition, “control” when used with respect to any specified Person means the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” have meanings correlative to the foregoing.
          “ Authenticating Agent ” means, with respect to any series of Securities, any authenticating agent appointed by the Trustee, with respect to that series of Securities, pursuant to Section 7.14.
          “ Authorized Newspaper ” means a newspaper or financial journal printed in the English language, customarily published at least once a day, and customarily published for at least five days in each calendar week, whether or not published on days that are legal holidays and of general circulation; or, in the alternative, shall mean such form of communication as may have come into general use for the dissemination of information of import similar to that of the information specified to be published by the provisions hereof. Whenever successive publications are required or authorized to be made in Authorized Newspapers, the successive publications may be made (unless otherwise expressly provided herein) in the same or different newspapers meeting the foregoing requirements and in each case on any Business Day. In case, by reason of the suspension of publication of any Authorized Newspaper, or for any other cause, it shall be impractical without unreasonable expense to make publication of any notice in an Authorized Newspaper as required by this Indenture, then such method of publication or notification as shall be made with the approval of the Trustee shall be deemed the equivalent of the required publication of such notice in an Authorized Newspaper.
          “ Board of Directors ” means either the board of directors of the Company or any committee of such Board of Directors or Officer duly authorized to act with respect to a particular matter on behalf of the Board of Directors.
          “ Board Resolution ” means a copy of a resolution certified by the secretary, any assistant secretary or any director of the Company to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification, and delivered to the Trustee.
          “ Business Day ”, when used with respect to any Place of Payment or any other location specified in the Securities or this Indenture, means each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday which is not a day on which banking institutions in that Place

-2-


 

of Payment or location are generally authorized or obligated by law, regulation or executive order to close, except as may be otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.1(v).
          “ Capital Stock ” of any Person means any and all share capital, interests, rights to purchase, warrants, options, participations or other equivalents of or interests in (however designated) equity of such Person, including preferred stock, but excluding any debt securities convertible into such equity.
          “ Commission ” means the Securities and Exchange Commission, as from time to time constituted, created under the Exchange Act, or if at any time after the date on which this Indenture was originally executed such Commission is not existing and performing the duties assigned to it under the Trust Indenture Act on such date of original execution, then the body performing such duties at such time.
          “ Common Stock ” in respect of any Corporation means Capital Stock of any class or classes (however designated) which has no preference as to the payment of dividends, or as to the distribution of assets upon any voluntary or involuntary liquidation or dissolution of such Corporation, and which is not subject to redemption by such Corporation.
          “ Company ” means (except as otherwise provided in Section 7.3) National Grid plc, a company organized under the laws of England and Wales, and, subject to Article 11, its successors and assigns.
          “ Company Order ” and “ Company Request ” mean a written order or request signed in the name of the Company by (i) any two directors, (ii) any director and the secretary or any assistant secretary, or (iii) the treasurer and the secretary or any assistant secretary of the Company, and delivered to the Trustee.
          “ Consolidated Operating Profit ” has the meaning specified in Section 15.3.
          “ Conversion Event ” means the cessation of use of (i) a Foreign Currency both by the government of the country or the confederation which issued such Foreign Currency and for the settlement of transactions by a central bank or other public institutions of or within the international banking community or (ii) any currency unit or composite currency for the purposes for which it was established.
          “ Corporate Trust Office ” means the principal office of the Trustee at which at any particular time its corporate trust business shall be administered, which office, on the date of original execution of this Indenture, is located at One Canada Square, London E14 5AL, United Kingdom, Attention: Corporate Trust Administration or at any other time at such other address as the Trustee may designate from time to time by notice to the parties hereto, or at the principal corporate trust office of any successor trustee as to which such successor trustee may notify the parties hereto in writing.
          “ Corporation ” includes corporations, limited liability companies, incorporated associations, companies and business trusts.

-3-


 

          “ Depository ” means, with respect to the Securities of any series or any Tranche thereof, unless otherwise specified in the applicable Supplemental Indenture, which, in accordance with the determination of the Company, will be issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities, The Depository Trust Company, New York, New York, another clearing agency or any successor registered under the Exchange Act, or other applicable statute or regulation, which, in each case, shall be designated by the Company pursuant to either Section 2.4 or Section 3.1. If at any time there is more than one such Person, “ Depository ” as used with respect to the Securities of any such series or Tranche thereof means each Depository with respect to the Securities of that series or Tranche.
          “ Directors’ Report ” has the meaning specified in Section 15.3.
          “ Disposed Assets ” has the meaning specified in Section 15.3.
          “ Dollar ” (“ $ ”) means the coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment is legal tender for the payment of public and private debts.
          “ Exchange Act ” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, in each case as amended from time to time.
          “ Event of Default ” means any event or condition specified as such in Section 6.1.
          “ Foreign Currency ” means any currency, currency unit or composite currency, including, without limitation, pounds sterling and the euro, issued by the government of one or more countries, other than the United States of America, or by any recognized confederation or association of such governments.
          “ Global Security ” means, with respect to all or any part of any series of Securities, a Security executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee to the Depository or pursuant to the Depository’s instruction, all in accordance with this Indenture and pursuant to a Company Order, which shall be registered in the name of the Depository or its nominee and the ownership of which will be registered in a “book-entry” or other system maintained by the Depository.
          “ Government Obligations ” means securities which are (i) direct obligations of the United States of America or the other government or governments or confederation or association of governments which issued the Foreign Currency in which the principal of or any premium or interest on such Security or any Additional Amounts in respect thereof shall be payable, in each case where the payment or payments thereunder are supported by the full faith and credit of such government or governments or confederation or

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association of governments; or (ii) obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America or such other government or governments or confederation or association of governments, in each case where the timely payment or payments thereunder are unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the United States of America or such other government or governments or confederation or association of governments, and which, in the case of (i) or (ii), are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer or issuers thereof, and shall also include a depository receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with respect to any such Government Obligation or a specific payment of interest on or principal of or other amount with respect to any such Government Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of a depository receipt, provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depository receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the Government Obligation or the specific payment of interest on or principal of or other amount with respect to the Government Obligation evidenced by such depository receipt.
          “ Holder ” and “ Securityholder ” mean, with respect to a Security, the Person in whose name such Security is registered in the Securities Register (which terms, in the case of a Global Security, mean the Depository, notwithstanding that the Depository maintains a “book-entry” or other system for identification of ownership in respect of such Global Security).
          “ IFRS ” means international financial reporting standards as adopted by the European Union applied in accordance with applicable law throughout the periods covered thereby.
          The term “ include ” (and other forms of such term) means “include, without limitation”.
          “ Indenture ” means this instrument as originally executed and delivered or, if amended or supplemented as herein provided, as so amended or supplemented, and includes the forms and terms of particular series of Securities established as contemplated hereunder.
          The term “ interest ” means, with respect to any Original Issue Discount Security which by its terms bears interest only after Maturity, means interest payable after Maturity and, when used with respect to a Security which provides for the payment of Additional Amounts pursuant to Section 4.4, includes such Additional Amounts.
          “ Interest Payment Date ” means, with respect to any Security, the Stated Maturity of an installment of interest on such Security.
          “ Judgment Currency ” has the meaning specified in Section 13.11.
          “ Lien ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.6.
          “ Maturity ” means, with respect to any Security, the date on which the principal of such Security becomes due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise.
          “ Negative Rating Event ” has the meaning specified in Section 15.3.
          “ New York Banking Day ” has the meaning specified in Section 13.11.

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          “ NG Group ” means the Company and its subsidiaries taken together.
          “ Officer ” means the Chairman of the Board, the Deputy Chairman of the Board, Group Chief Executive Officer, Treasurer, Group Finance Director, Group Secretary or Deputy Group Secretary of the Company.
          “ Officer’s Certificate ” means a certificate signed by an Officer and delivered to the Trustee, except as otherwise specifically set forth herein.
          “ Operating Profit ” has the meaning specified in Section 15.3.
          “ Opinion of Counsel ” means an opinion in writing signed by legal counsel who may be an employee of or counsel to the Company.
          “ Original Issue Discount Security ” means any Security that provides for an amount less than the principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration with respect thereto pursuant to Section 6.1.
          “ Outstanding ” (subject to Section 8.4) means, with reference to Securities as of the date of determination, all Securities authenticated and delivered under this Indenture, except:
     (a) Securities which have been cancelled by the Trustee or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation;
     (b) Securities, or portions thereof, for the payment or redemption of which moneys in the necessary amount and in the required currency or currency unit shall have been irrevocably deposited in trust with the Trustee or with any Paying Agent (other than the Company) or shall have been set aside, segregated and held in trust by the Company for the Holders of such Securities (if the Company shall act as its own Paying Agent) or for the payment of which Government Obligations shall have been irrevocably deposited in trust with the Trustee in accordance with Article 12; provided that, if such Securities, or portions thereof, are to be redeemed prior to the Stated Maturity thereof, notice of such redemption shall have been given as herein provided, or provision satisfactory to the Trustee shall have been made for giving such notice;
     (c) any such Security with respect to which the Company has effected defeasance pursuant to the terms hereof, except to the extent provided in Section 12.2;
     (d) Securities in substitution for which other Securities shall have been authenticated and delivered, or which shall have been paid, pursuant to the terms of Section 3.7 (except with respect to any such Security as to which proof satisfactory to the Trustee and the Company is presented that such Security is held by a Person in whose hands such Security is a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company); and

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     (e) any such Security converted or exchanged as contemplated by this Indenture into Common Stock of the Company or other securities, if the terms of such Security provide for such conversion or exchange pursuant to Section 3.1.
          In determining whether Holders of the requisite principal amount of Outstanding Securities of any or all series have made or given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, or are present to constitute a quorum at a meeting of Holders of Securities, (i) the principal amount of an Original Issue Discount Security that shall be deemed to be Outstanding for such purposes shall be the amount of the principal thereof that would be due and payable as of the date of such determination upon a declaration of acceleration with respect thereto pursuant to Section 6.1 and (ii) Securities owned by the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or such other obligor, shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except that, in determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in making such a determination or relying upon any such quorum, consent or vote, only Securities which a Responsible Officer of the Trustee actually knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded.
          “ Overdue Rate ” means, with respect to any Security of Securities, the rate designated as such in or pursuant to the resolution of the Board of Directors or the supplemental indenture, as the case may be, relating to such Security as contemplated by Section 3.1.
          “ Paying Agent ” means any Person authorized by the Company to pay the principal of, or premium, if any, or interest, if any, on, any Securities on behalf of the Company.
          “ Periodic Offering ” means an offering of Securities of a series from time to time, any or all of the specific terms of which Securities, which may be in one or more Tranches, including the rate or rates of interest, if any, thereon, the Stated Maturity or Maturities thereof and the redemption provisions, if any, with respect thereto, are to be determined by the Company or its agents from time to time subsequent to the initial request for authentication and delivery of such Securities by the Trustee, all as contemplated in Section 3.1.
          “ Person ” means any individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, limited liability partnership, joint venture, association, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.
          “ Place of Payment ” means, with respect to any Security, the place or places where the principal of, and premium, if any, and interest, if any, on, such Security are payable as specified pursuant to Section 3.1.
          “ Predecessor Security ” of any particular Security means every previous Security evidencing all or a portion of the same indebtedness as that evidenced by such particular Security; and, for the purposes of this definition, any Security authenticated and delivered under Section 3.7 in lieu of a lost, destroyed, mutilated or stolen Security shall be deemed to evidence the same debt as the lost, destroyed or stolen Security.

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          “ Principal Subsidiary ” means each one of National Grid Gas plc, National Grid Electricity Transmission plc, National Grid USA, and includes any successor thereto or any member of the NG Group which the auditors of the Company have certified to the Trustee as being a company to which all or substantially all of the assets of a Principal Subsidiary are transferred. In the event that all or substantially all of the assets of a Principal Subsidiary are transferred to a member of the NG Group, the transferor of such assets will cease to be deemed a Principal Subsidiary.
          “ Public Announcement ” has the meaning specified in Section 15.3.
          “ Put Date ” has the meaning specified in Section 15.5.
          “ Put Event ” has the meaning specified in Section 15.2.
          “ Put Event Notice ” has the meaning specified in Section 15.2.
          “ Put Notice ” has the meaning specified in Section 15.5.
          “ Put Period ” has the meaning specified in Section 15.5.
          “ Rateable Debt ” has the meaning specified in Section 15.3.
          “ Rated Securities ” has the meaning specified in Section 15.3.
          “ Rating Agency ” has the meaning specified in Section 15.3.
          “ Rating Downgrade ” has the meaning specified in Section 15.3.
          “ Redemption Date ” means, with respect to any Security to be redeemed, the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to this Indenture.
          “ Redemption Price ” means, with respect to any Security or portion thereof to be redeemed, the price at which it is to be redeemed pursuant to this Indenture.
          “ Regular Record Date ” for the interest payable on any Interest Payment Date on a Security means the date specified for that purpose pursuant to Section 3.1 or as specified in Section 3.8.
          “ Relevant Accounts ” has the meaning specified in Section 15.3.
          “ Relevant Date ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.4.
          “ Relevant Indebtedness ” means, any present or future indebtedness in the form of, or represented by, bonds, notes, debentures, loan stock or other securities which are currently, or are intended, with the agreement of the Company, to be quoted, listed or ordinarily dealt in on any stock exchange.
          “ Relevant Jurisdiction ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.4.

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          “ Reporting Accountants ” has the meaning specified in Section 15.3.
          “ Required Currency ” has the meaning specified in Section 13.11.
          “ Responsible Officer ” means, with respect to the Trustee, any officer assigned to the Corporate Trust Office, including any managing director, vice president, assistant vice president, assistant treasurer, assistant secretary or any other officer of the Trustee customarily performing functions similar to those performed by any of the above designated officers, and also, with respect to a particular matter, any other officer, to whom such matter is referred because of such officer’s knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject.
          “ Restructuring Event ” has the meaning specified in Section 15.3.
          “ Restructuring Period ” has the meaning specified in Section 15.3.
          “ Securities Act ” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
          “ Securities Register ” and “ Securities Registrar ”: See Section 3.6.
          “ Security ” or “ Securities ” has the meaning stated in the recitals of this Indenture.
          “ Special Record Date ” for the payment of any defaulted interest means a date fixed pursuant to Section 3.8.
          “ Stated Maturity ” means, with respect to any Security or any installment of principal thereof or interest thereon or any Additional Amounts with respect thereto, the date specified in such Security as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of principal or interest is, or such Additional Amounts are, due and payable by the Company (without regard to any provisions for redemption, prepayment, acceleration, purchase or extension).
          “ Subsidiary ” means a subsidiary within the meaning of Section 736 of the U.K. Companies Act 1985.
          “ Tranche ” means a group of Securities which (a) are of the same series and (b) are identical except as to principal amount and/or date of issuance.
          “ Trust Indenture Act ” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, as in force at the date as of which this Indenture was executed; provided , however , that in the event that such Act is amended after such date, “ Trust Indenture Act ” means, to the extent required by such amendment, the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as so amended.

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          “ Trustee ” means the Person identified as “ Trustee ” in the first paragraph hereof and, subject to the provisions of Article 7, shall also include any successor trustee.
          “ U.S. Dollars ” means the currency of the United States.
          “ United States ,” except as otherwise provided in or pursuant to this Indenture or any Board Resolution, Company Order and Company Request or both, means the United States of America (including the states thereof and the District of Columbia), its territories and possessions and other areas subject to its jurisdiction.

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ARTICLE 2
SECURITY FORMS
     Section 2.1 Forms Generally.
     The Securities of each series shall be in substantially such form as shall be established pursuant to Section 3.1, in each case with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as are required or permitted by this Indenture or any indenture supplemental hereto, and may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification and such legends or endorsements placed thereon as the Company may deem appropriate and as are not contrary to the provisions of this Indenture, or as may be required to comply with any law or with any rules made pursuant thereto or with any rules of any securities exchange or of any automated quotation system, or to conform to usage, all as determined by the officers executing such Securities, as conclusively evidenced by their execution of the Securities.
     The definitive Securities shall be prepared by the Company and shall be printed, lithographed or engraved on steel-engraved borders, or may be produced in any other manner, all as determined by the officers executing such Securities, as conclusively evidenced by their execution of such Securities, subject to the rules of any securities exchange or automated quotation system on which such Securities are listed or quoted and (with respect to Global Securities) to the rules of the Depository.
     Section 2.2 Form of Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication.
     The Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication on all Securities shall be in substantially the following form:
     This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.
             
         
    The Bank of New York, as Trustee    
 
           
 
  By        
 
     
 
   
    Authorized Signatory    

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     Section 2.3 Form of Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication by an Authenticating Agent.
     If at any time there shall be an Authenticating Agent appointed with respect to any series of Securities, then the Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication by such Authenticating Agent on all Securities of each such series shall be in substantially the following form:
             
         
    The Bank of New York, as Trustee    
 
           
 
           By [NAME OF AUTHENTICATING AGENT],    
 
           Authenticating Agent    
 
           
 
  By        
 
     
 
   
    Authorized Signatory    
     Section 2.4 Securities Issuable in the Form of Global Securities.
     (a) If the Company shall establish pursuant to Section 3.1 that the Securities of a particular series are to be issued in whole or in part as one or more Global Securities, then the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall, in accordance with Section 3.3 and the Company Order deliver to the Trustee thereunder, authenticate and make available for delivery, one or more Global Securities, each of which (i) shall represent an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series to be represented by such Global Security and may also provide that the aggregate amount of Outstanding Securities represented thereby may from time to time be increased or reduced to reflect exchanges, (ii) shall be registered in the name of the Depository or its nominee, (iii) shall be delivered by the Trustee to the Depository or pursuant to the Depository’s instruction and (iv) if required by the Depository, shall bear a legend reflecting the Depository’s interest in such Global Security.
     (b) Notwithstanding any provision of Section 3.6, any Global Security thereof may be transferred, in whole but not in part, and in the manner provided in Section 3.6, only to another nominee of the Depository for such series or Tranche, to the Depository by a nominee of the Depositary, or by a nominee to another nominee of such Depository or, in either case, to a successor Depository for such series selected or approved by the Company or to a nominee of such successor Depository.
     (c) If at any time the Depository for Securities of a series or Tranche thereof notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depository for Securities of such

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series or Tranche or if at any time the relevant Depository shall no longer be registered or in good standing under the Exchange Act, or other applicable statute or regulation, and a successor Depository is not appointed by the Company within 120 days after the Company receives such notice or becomes aware of such condition, as the case may be, this Section shall no longer be applicable to the Securities of such series or Tranche and the Company will execute, and the Trustee, upon receipt of a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of definitive Securities of such series or Tranche, will authenticate and make available for delivery, Securities of such series or Tranche in definitive form, in authorized denominations, and in an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of the Global Security or Global Securities of such series or Tranche in exchange for such Global Security or Global Securities.
     The Company may at any time and in its sole discretion determine that Securities of any series or Tranche thereof shall no longer be represented by one or more Global Securities and that the provisions of this Section shall no longer apply to the Securities of such series or Tranche. In such event the Company will execute and the Trustee, upon receipt of a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of individual Securities of such series or Tranche, will authenticate and make available for definitive Securities of such series or Tranche, in authorized denominations, and in an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of the Global Security or Global Securities of such series or Tranche in exchange for such Global Security.
     If specified by the Company pursuant to Section 3.1 with respect to a series of Securities or Tranche thereof, the Depository for such series or Tranche may surrender a Global Security for such series or Tranche in exchange in whole or in part for definitive Securities of such series or Tranche on such terms as are acceptable to the Company and such Depository. Thereupon, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, without service charge,
     (i) to each Person specified by such Depository a new definitive Security or Securities of the same series or Tranche, of any authorized denomination as requested by such Person in aggregate principal amount equal to and in exchange for such Persons’ beneficial interest in the Global Security; and
     (ii) to such Depository a new Global Security in a denomination equal to the difference, if any, between the principal amount of the surrendered Global Security and the aggregate principal amount of individual Securities delivered to Holders thereof.
          In any exchange provided for in any of the preceding paragraphs of this Section, the Company will execute and the Trustee will authenticate and make available for delivery definitive Securities in registered form in authorized denominations.
          Upon the exchange of a Global Security for Securities in definitive form, such Global Security shall be cancelled by the Trustee. Individual Securities issued in exchange for a Global Security pursuant to this Section shall be registered in such names and in such authorized denominations and bearing any applicable restrictive legends as the Depository for

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such Global Security shall instruct the Trustee in writing. The Trustee shall make such Securities available for delivery to the Persons in whose names such Securities are so registered.
ARTICLE 3
THE SECURITIES
     Section 3.1 Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series.
     The aggregate principal amount of Securities which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited.
     The Securities will constitute direct, unconditional and (except as provided in Section 4.6) unsecured obligations of the Company and will rank at least equally with all other unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of the Company (subject, in the event of insolvency, to laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditor’s rights).
     The Securities may be issued from time to time in one or more series. With respect to the Securities of any particular series, there shall be established in, or pursuant to the authority granted in, a resolution of the Board of Directors, and set forth in an Officer’s Certificate, or established in one or more indentures supplemental hereto prior to the issuance of Securities of a series:
     (a) the form of the Securities of the series;
     (b) the title of the Securities of the series (which shall distinguish the Securities of the series from all other Securities); if the Securities of that series will be in bearer rather than registered form, the forms, procedures and mechanics to be employed in connection therewith; any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that series which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of that series pursuant to Sections 2.4, 3.6, 3.7, 3.10, 10.6, or 14.3 and except for any Securities which, pursuant to Section 3.3, are deemed never to have been authenticated and delivered hereunder);
     (c) the percentage or percentages of principal amount at which the Securities of the series will be issued;
     (d) the date or dates on which the Securities of the series may be issued;
     (e) the date or dates, which may be serial, on which the principal of, and premium, if any, on, the Securities of the series are payable;
     (f) the record dates, if any, for the determination of holders to whom such principal of, and premium thereon, if any, is payable;

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     (g) the rate or rates, or the method of determination thereof, at which the Securities of the series shall bear interest, if any, any Overdue Rate (including the rate or rates at which overdue principal shall bear interest, if different from the rate or rates at which such Securities shall bear interest prior to Maturity, and, if applicable, the rate or rates at which overdue premium or interest shall bear interest, if any); any formulary or other method or other means by which any such rate or rates shall be determined, by reference to an index or other fact or event ascertainable outside this Indenture or otherwise; the date or dates from which such interest shall accrue, the method or methods, if any, by which such date or dates are to be determined, the Interest Payment Dates on which such interest shall be payable and the Regular Record Date, if other than as set forth in Section 3.8, for the determination of Holders to whom interest is payable, whether and under what circumstances Additional Amounts (in addition to those set forth in Section 4.4) on such Securities or any of them shall be payable, the notice, if any, to Holders regarding the determination of interest on a floating rate Security, and the manner of giving such notice, and the basis upon which interest shall be calculated if other than that of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months;
     (h) the place or places where the principal of, and premium, if any, and interest on or any Additional Amounts, if any, with respect to such Securities of the series shall be payable (if other than as provided in Section 4.2);
     (i) the provisions, if any, establishing the price or prices at which, the date or dates on which, the period or periods within which the currency or currency unit in which, and the terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company, pursuant to any sinking fund or otherwise;
     (j) the obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem, purchase or repay Securities of the series pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of a Holder thereof and the price or prices at which, the date or dates on which, and the period or periods within which or manner of determining the same, the currency or currency unit in which, and the terms and conditions upon which, Securities of the series shall be redeemed, purchased or repaid, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation and any provisions for the remarketing of such Securities so redeemed or purchased;
     (k) if other than denominations of $1,000, and any integral multiple thereof, the denominations in which Securities of the series shall be issuable;
     (l) the stock exchange(s), if any, on which the Securities will be listed;
     (m) whether the Securities of the series will be convertible into shares of Common Stock of the Company and/or exchangeable for other securities, whether or not issued by the Company, and, if so, the terms and conditions upon which such Securities will be so convertible or exchangeable, and any deletions from or modifications or additions to this Indenture to permit or to facilitate the issuance of such convertible or exchangeable Securities or the administration thereof;

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     (n) whether the Securities of the series are to be issued as Original Issue Discount Securities and, if so, the amount of the discount with respect thereto;
     (o) if other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of the Securities of the series which shall be payable upon a redemption prior to maturity or a declaration of acceleration with respect thereto pursuant to Section 6.1 or payable in bankruptcy pursuant to Section 6.2;
     (p) any Events of Default or restrictive covenants provided for with respect to the Securities of the series, if other than as set forth in Section 6.1, Article 4 and Article 11;
     (q) in case the Securities of the series do not bear interest, the applicable dates for the purpose of Section 4.1;
     (r) whether either or both of Section 12.2(b) relating to defeasance or Section 12.2(c) relating to covenant defeasance shall not be applicable to the Securities of such series, or any covenants in addition to those specified in Section 12.2(c) relating to the Securities of such series which shall be subject to covenant defeasance, and any deletions from, or modifications or additions to, the provisions of ARTICLE 12 in respect of the Securities of such series;
     (s) any trustees, paying agents, transfer agents or registrars with respect to the Securities of the series and the name and location of the principal office of such person;
     (t) whether the Securities of the series are issuable in whole or in part as one or more Global Securities and, in such case, the identity of the Depository for such Global Security or Global Securities;
     (u) the date at which any Global Security shall be dated, if other than the date of original issuance of the first security of the series to be issued;
     (v) any restrictions on transfer with respect to the Securities of the series and any legend reflecting such restrictions to be placed on such Securities;
     (w) if the amount of payment of principal of, and premium, if any, or interest on or Additional Amounts, if any, with respect to such Securities of the series may be determined with reference to an index, formula or other method, and, if so, the terms and conditions upon which and the manner in which such amounts shall be determined;
     (x) any exceptions to Section 13.8 or in the definition of “ Business Day ” with respect to the Securities of the series;
     (y) if other than U.S. Dollars, the Foreign Currency in which the Securities of such series shall be denominated and in which payments or principal of, and any premium or interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to, such Securities shall or may be payable;
     (z) if the principal of, any premium or interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to any of such Securities are to be payable, at the election of the Company or a Holder thereof or otherwise, in Dollars or in a Foreign Currency other than that in which such Securities are stated to be payable, the date or dates on which, the period or periods within which, and the other terms and conditions upon which, such election may be made, and the time

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and manner of determining the exchange rate between the Currency in which such Securities are stated to be payable and the Currency in which such Securities or any of them are to be paid pursuant to such election, and any deletions from or modifications of or additions to the terms of this Indenture to provide for or to facilitate the issuance of Securities denominated or payable, at the election of the Company or a Holder thereof or otherwise, in a Foreign Currency;
     (aa) the designation of the original Currency Determination Agent, if any, and in what circumstances a Currency Determination Agent’s Certificate or an Exchange Rate Officers’ Certificate shall be delivered for Securities of that series;
     (bb) if the amount of payments of principal of (and premium, if any, on) and interest, if any, on the Securities of that series may be determined, at the election of the issuer or a Holder thereof, with reference to an index based on a currency or currency unit other than that in which such Securities are denominated or stated to be payable or any other index, the manner in which such amounts shall be determined; and
     (cc) any other terms of the series and any other modifications or additions to this Indenture in respect of such Securities (which terms shall not be contrary to the provisions of this Indenture).
          With respect to Securities of a series subject to a Periodic Offering, such resolution of the Board of Directors or indenture supplemental hereto may provide general terms or parameters and may provide that the specific terms of particular Securities, and the Persons authorized to determine such terms or parameters, may be determined in accordance with or pursuant to the Company Order referred to in Section 3.3.
          All Securities of any one series shall be substantially identical except as to denomination and except as may otherwise be provided in, or pursuant to the authority granted in, such resolution of the Board of Directors or in any such indenture supplemental hereto.
          Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee shall be under no obligation to authenticate and deliver Securities of any series the terms of which, established as contemplated by this Section, would affect the rights, duties, obligations, liabilities or immunities of the Trustee under this Indenture.
     Section 3.2 Form, Denominations and Currencies.
     In the absence of any specification pursuant to Section 3.1 with respect to the Securities of any series, the Securities of such series shall be issuable as a Global Security in fully registered form in the name of the Holders thereof, without coupons, in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof.

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     Section 3.3 Authentication, Dating and Delivery of Securities.
     At any time and from time to time after the original execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series, executed by the Company, to the Trustee for authentication. Except as otherwise provided in this Article, the Trustee shall thereupon authenticate and make available for delivery, or cause to be authenticated and delivered, said Securities to or upon a Company Order, without any further action by the Company; provided , however , that the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery Securities of such series for original issue from time to time in the aggregate principal amount established for such series pursuant to such procedures, acceptable to the Trustee and to such recipients, as may be specified from time to time by a Company Order. The maturity dates, original issue dates, interest rates and any other terms of the Securities of such series shall be determined by or pursuant to such Company Order and procedures. If provided for in such procedures, such Company Order may authorize authentication and delivery pursuant to oral instructions from the Company or its duly authorized agent, which instructions shall be promptly confirmed in writing.
     In authenticating such Securities and accepting the responsibilities under this Indenture in relation to such Securities, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, prior to the initial authentication of such Securities, and (subject to Section 7.1) shall be fully protected in relying upon:
     (a) a Board Resolution relating thereto;
     (b) an Officer’s Certificate or an executed supplemental indenture setting forth the terms of such Securities as provided in Section 3.1;
     (c) an Officer’s Certificate which shall state that all conditions precedent provided for in this Indenture relating to the issuance of such Securities have been complied with, that no Event of Default with respect to any series of Securities has occurred and is continuing and that the issuance of such Securities does not constitute and will not result in (i) any Event of Default or any event or condition, which, upon the giving of notice or the lapse of time or both, would become an Event of Default or (ii) any default under the provisions of any other instrument or agreement by which the Company is bound; and
     (d) an Opinion of Counsel, which shall state:
     (i) that the form and the terms of such Securities have been duly authorized by the Company and have been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture;
     (ii) that such Securities, when authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and issued by the Company in the manner and subject to any conditions specified in such Opinion of Counsel, will constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company enforceable in accordance with their terms, except to the extent enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, arrangement,

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fraudulent conveyance, fraudulent transfer and other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and by general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law); and
     (iii) that no consent, approval, authorization, order, registration or qualification of or with any court or any governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company is required for the execution and delivery of such Securities by the Company, except such as have been obtained (and except that no opinion need be expressed as to state securities or “blue sky” laws).
     Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 3.1 and of the immediately preceding paragraph, with respect to Securities of a series subject to a Periodic Offering, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive the Officer’s Certificate otherwise required pursuant to Section 3.3(c) and the Opinion of Counsel required by this Section 3.3(d) only once at or prior to the time of the first authentication and delivery of such Securities ( provided that such Opinion of Counsel addresses the authentication and delivery of all such Securities) and that, in lieu of the opinions described in clauses (ii) and (iii) above, Counsel may opine that:
          (x) when the terms of such Securities shall have been established pursuant to a Company Order or Orders or pursuant to such procedures as may be specified from time to time by a Company Order or Orders, all as contemplated by and in accordance with the instrument or instruments delivered pursuant to clause (i) above, such terms will have been duly authorized by the Company and will have been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture; and
          (y) when such Securities shall have been authenticated and delivered by the Trustee in accordance with this Indenture and the Company Order or Orders or the specified procedures referred to in paragraph (x) above and issued and delivered by the Company in the manner and subject to any conditions specified in such Opinion of Counsel, such Securities will constitute valid obligations of the Company enforceable in accordance with their terms except to the extent enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors rights generally and by the effect of general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).
     With respect to Securities of a series subject to a Periodic Offering, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the authorization by the Company of any of such Securities, the forms and terms thereof, the validity thereof and the compliance of the authentication and delivery thereof with the terms and conditions of this Indenture, upon the Opinion of Counsel or Opinions of Counsel, the Officer’s Certificate and the certificates and other documents delivered pursuant to this Section 3.3 at or prior to the time of the first authentication and delivery of Securities of such series until any of such opinions, certificates or other documents have been superseded or revoked or expire by their terms; provided , however , that any request by the Company to the Trustee to authenticate and deliver Securities of such series shall constitute a representation and warranty by the Company that as of the date of such request the

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statements made in the most recent Officer’s Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 3.3(c) are true and correct as if made on and as of the date thereof.
     Any Global Security, shall, unless otherwise provided therein, be delivered to a Depositary designated pursuant to Section 3.1. Each Depositary designated pursuant to Section 3.1 for a Global Security must at the time of its designation and at all times while it serves as such Depositary be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act and any other applicable statue or regulation.
     The Trustee shall have the right to decline to authenticate and make available for delivery any Securities under this Section if the Trustee, being advised by counsel to the Trustee and the Company, determines that such action would expose the Trustee to personal liability.
     Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication, except as otherwise provided pursuant to Section 3.1 with respect to the series of which such Security is a part and except that any substitute Security under Section 3.7 shall be dated so that neither gain nor loss in interest shall result from any mutilation, destruction, loss or theft of the relevant Predecessor Security.
     Section 3.4 Execution of Securities.
     The Securities shall be signed in the name of and on behalf of the Company by any of (i) two of its directors, (ii) one director and the group secretary or (iii) the treasurer and the secretary or assistant secretary, of the Company, under its corporate seal which may, but need not, be attested. Such signatures may be the manual or facsimile signatures of such officers. The seal of the Company may be in the form of a facsimile thereof and may be impressed, affixed, imprinted or otherwise reproduced thereon. Typographical and other minor errors or defects in any such reproduction of the seal or any such signature shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any Security that has been duly authenticated and delivered by the Trustee.
     In case any officer of the Company who shall have signed any of the Securities shall cease to be such officer before the Security so signed shall be authenticated and delivered by or on behalf of the Trustee or disposed of by the Company, such Securities nevertheless may be authenticated and delivered or disposed of as though the Person who signed such Securities had not ceased to be such officer of the Company; and any Security may be signed on behalf of the Company by such Persons as, at the actual date of the original execution of such Security, shall be the proper officers of the Company, although at the date of the original execution and delivery of this Indenture, or at the date of such Security, any such Person was not such an officer.
     Section 3.5 Certificate of Authentication.
     No Security shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose, unless there appears on such Security a certificate of authentication substantially in the form hereinbefore recited, executed by or on behalf of the Trustee by manual signature. Such certificate by or on behalf of the Trustee upon any Security executed by

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the Company shall be conclusive evidence that the Security so authenticated has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder and that the Holder is entitled to the benefits of this Indenture.
     Section 3.6 Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange.
     Subject to the conditions set forth below (and subject, with respect to Global Securities, to Section 2.4), Securities of any series may be exchanged for a like aggregate principal amount of Securities of the same series and having the same terms but in other authorized denominations. Securities to be exchanged shall be surrendered at the offices or agencies to be maintained for such purposes as provided in Section 4.2, and the Company shall execute and the Trustee or any Authenticating Agent shall authenticate and make available for delivery in exchange therefor the Security or Securities which the Holder making the exchange shall be entitled to receive.
          The Company shall keep or cause to be kept, at one of said offices or agencies maintained pursuant to Section 4.2, a register for each series of Securities issued hereunder (hereinafter collectively referred to as the “ Securities Register ”) in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Company shall, subject to the provisions of Section 2.4, provide for the registration of Securities of such series and shall register the transfer of Securities of such series as in this Article provided. The Securities Register shall be in written form or in any other form capable of being converted into written form within a reasonable time. The Trustee is hereby appointed as the initial “ Securities Registrar ” for the purpose of registering Securities and registering transfers of Securities as herein provided. Subject to the provisions of Section 2.4, upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Security of any series at any such office or agency, the Company shall execute and the Trustee or any Authenticating Agent shall authenticate and make available for delivery in the name of transferee or transferees a new Security or Securities of the same series for an equal aggregate principal amount.
          The Company shall have the right to remove and replace from time to time the Security Registrar for any series of Securities and the Securities Registrar shall have the right to resign from time to time; provided that no such removal, replacement or resignation shall be effective until a successor Security Registrar with respect to such series of Securities shall have been appointed by the Company and shall have accepted such appointment by the Company. If the Company fails to appoint a successor Securities Registrar within 30 days after the Securities Registrar resigns, the Securities Registrar shall be entitled to appoint a successor and the Company’s consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. In the event that the Trustee shall not be or shall cease to be Security Registrar with respect to a series of Securities, it shall have the right to examine the Security Register for such series at all reasonable times. There shall be only one Security Register for each series of Securities.
          All Securities presented for registration of transfer or for exchange, redemption or payment shall (if so required by the Company or the Securities Registrar) be duly endorsed by, or be accompanied by a written instrument or instruments of transfer in form satisfactory to

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the Company and the Securities Registrar duly executed by, the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing.
          Each Security issued upon registration of transfer or exchange of Securities pursuant to this Section shall be the valid obligation of the Company, evidencing the same indebtedness and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as the Security or Securities surrendered upon registration of such transfer or exchange.
          No service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities, other than exchanges pursuant to Section 3.10, Section 10.6 or Section 14.3 not involving any transfer.
          The Company shall not be required (a) to issue, exchange or register the transfer of any Securities of any series during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of the mailing of a notice of redemption of Securities of such series and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing, or (b) to exchange or register the transfer of any Securities selected, called or being called for redemption except, in the case of any Security to be redeemed in part, the portion thereof not to be redeemed.
     Section 3.7 Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities.
     In case any temporary or definitive Security shall become mutilated (whether by defacement or otherwise) or be destroyed, lost or stolen, and in the absence of notice to the Company or the Trustee that such Security has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall, except as otherwise provided in this Section, execute, and upon a Company Request, the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, a new Security of the same series, tenor and principal amount, bearing a number, letter or other distinguishing symbol not contemporaneously outstanding, in exchange and substitution for the mutilated Security, or in lieu of and in substitution for the Security so destroyed, lost or stolen. In every case the applicant for a substituted Security shall furnish to the Company and to the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them harmless, and, in every case of destruction, loss or theft, the applicant shall also furnish to the Company and the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of such Security and of the ownership thereof.
          Upon the issuance of any substitute Security under this Section, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee or any Authenticating Agent) connected therewith.
          In case any Security which has matured or is about to mature or has been called for redemption in full shall become mutilated or be destroyed, lost or stolen, the Company may, instead of issuing a substitute Security, pay or authorize the payment of the same (without

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surrender thereof except in the case of a mutilated Security). In every case, the applicant for such payment shall furnish to the Company and to the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee such security or indemnity as any of them may require to save each of them harmless, and, in every case of destruction, loss or theft, the applicant shall also furnish to the Company and the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of such Security and of the ownership thereof.
          Every substitute Security of any series issued pursuant to the provisions of this Section by virtue of the fact that any such Security is destroyed, lost or stolen shall constitute an additional contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by anyone and shall be entitled to all the benefits of (but shall be subject to all the limitations of rights set forth in) this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities of such series duly authenticated and delivered hereunder. All Securities shall be held and owned upon the express condition that, to the extent permitted by law, the foregoing provisions of this Section are exclusive with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated (whether by defacement or otherwise) or destroyed, lost or stolen Securities and shall preclude any and all other rights or remedies notwithstanding any law or statute existing or hereafter enacted to the contrary with respect to the replacement or payment of negotiable instruments or other securities without their surrender.
     Section 3.8 Payment of Interest and Certain Additional Amounts; Interest Rights and Certain Additional Amounts Preserved.
     The Holder of any Securities at the close of business on the Regular Record Date with respect to any Interest Payment Date shall be entitled to receive the interest, if any, and any Additional Amounts payable on such Interest Payment Date notwithstanding the cancellation of such Securities upon any registration of transfer or exchange subsequent to the Regular Record Date and prior to such Interest Payment Date, and, if provided for in the Board Resolution or supplemental indenture pursuant to Section 3.1, in the case of a Security issued between a Regular Record Date and the initial Interest Payment Date relating to such Regular Record Date, interest for the period beginning on the date of issue and ending on such initial Interest Payment Date shall be paid to the Person to whom such Security shall have been originally issued. Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.1, for Securities of a particular series the term “ Regular Record Date ” as used in this Section with respect to any Interest Payment Date shall mean the close of business on the last day of the calendar month preceding such Interest Payment Date if such Interest Payment Date is the fifteenth day of a calendar month and shall mean the close of business on the fifteenth day of the calendar month preceding such Interest Payment Date if such Interest Payment Date is the first day of a calendar month, whether or not such day shall be a Business Day. At the option of the Company, payment of interest on any Security may be made by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto (which shall be the Depository in the case of Global Securities) as such address shall appear in the Securities Register.
          If and to the extent the Company shall default in the payment of the interest due or any Additional Amounts on such Interest Payment Date in respect of any Securities, such

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defaulted interest shall be paid by the Company at its election in each case, as provided in clause (a) or (b) below:
     (a) The Company may make payment of any defaulted interest to the Holder of Securities at the close of business on a Special Record Date established by notice given by mail, by or on behalf of the Company, to such Holder not less than 15 days preceding such Special Record Date, such Special Record Date to be not less than 10 days preceding the date for payment of such defaulted interest.
     (b) The Company may make payment of any defaulted interest on the Securities of any series in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange on which the Securities of such series may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, if, after notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant to this clause, such manner of payment shall be deemed practicable by the Trustee.
          Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section, each Security delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, any other Security shall carry the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, which were carried by such other Security.
     Section 3.9 Cancellation of Securities; Destruction Thereof.
     All Securities surrendered for payment, redemption, registration of transfer or exchange, or for credit against any payment in respect of a sinking or analogous fund, shall, if surrendered to the Company or any Paying Agent or any Securities Registrar, be delivered to the Trustee for cancellation or, if surrendered to the Trustee, shall be cancelled by it, and no Securities shall be issued in lieu thereof except as expressly permitted by any of the provisions of this Indenture. The Company may at any time deliver to the Trustee for Securities of a series for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated and delivered hereunder which the Company may have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and all Securities so delivered shall be promptly cancelled by such Trustee. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture to the contrary, in the case of a series, all the Securities of which are not to be originally issued at one time, a Security of such series shall not be deemed to have been Outstanding at any time hereunder if and to the extent that, subsequent to the authentication and delivery thereof, such Security is delivered to the Trustee for such Security for cancellation by the Company or any agent thereof upon the failure of the original purchaser thereof to make payment therefore against delivery thereof, and any Security so delivered to such Trustee shall be promptly cancelled by it. No Securities shall be authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any Securities cancelled as provided in this Section, except as expressly permitted by this Indenture. Global Securities shall not be disposed of until exchanged in full for definitive Securities or until payment thereof is made in full. The Trustee shall, unless instructed to deliver the Securities to the Company in a Company Order, destroy such cancelled Securities and, if requested by the Company in writing, deliver certification of their destruction to the Company. If the Company shall acquire any of the Securities, such acquisition shall not operate as a redemption or satisfaction of the

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indebtedness represented by such Securities unless and until the same are delivered to the Trustee for cancellation.
     Section 3.10 Temporary Securities.
     Pending the preparation by the Company of definitive Securities of any series, the Company may execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery in the manner provided in Section 3.3, temporary Securities for such series (printed, lithographed, typewritten or otherwise reproduced, in each case in form satisfactory to the Trustee). Temporary Securities of any series shall be issuable in any authorized denomination, and substantially in the form of the definitive Securities of such series in lieu of which they are issued but with such omissions, insertions and variations as may be appropriate for temporary securities, all as may be determined by the Company. Temporary Securities may contain such reference to any provisions of this Indenture as may be appropriate. Every temporary Security shall be executed by the Company and be authenticated by the Trustee upon the same conditions and in substantially the same manner, and with like effect, as the definitive Securities. Without unreasonable delay the Company shall execute and shall furnish definitive Securities of such series and thereupon temporary Securities of such series may be surrendered in exchange therefor without charge at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery in exchange for such temporary Securities an equal aggregate principal amount of definitive Securities of the same series. Such exchange shall be made by the Company at its own expense and without any charge therefore to the Holders. Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities of any series shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Securities of such series authenticated and delivered hereunder.
     Section 3.11 Computation of Interest.
     Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.1 for Securities of any series, interest on the Securities of each series shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months.
     Section 3.12 CUSIP Numbers.
     The Company in issuing the Securities may use “CUSIP,” Common Code” or “ISIN” numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, such numbers shall be used in notices of redemption as a convenience to Holders as set-forth in Section 14.2.
ARTICLE 4
COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY
     The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of each series of Securities (except to the extent that any series of Securities is excluded from the benefits of any of such covenants pursuant to Sections 3.1(a) and 3.1(cc)) that on and after the date of original execution of this Indenture and so long as any of the Securities of such series remain Outstanding:

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     Section 4.1 Payment of Securities.
     The Company will duly and punctually pay or cause to be paid in the currency or currency unit in which the Securities of such series are payable, the principal of, any premium and interest on, and any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of such series at the place or places, at the respective times and in the manner provided in such Securities and in the Indenture.
     Section 4.2 Offices or Agency.
     So long as any of the Securities remain Outstanding, the Company will maintain in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, New York, and in each Place of Payment for the Securities of a series, an office or agency where Securities of that series may be presented or surrendered for payment, where Securities of that series may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of Securities of that series and this Indenture may be served (which shall initially be the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee or, if the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee is not located in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, such office or agency shall be the principal corporate trust office of the Authenticating Agent designated pursuant to Section 7.14 hereof). The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee for the Securities of that series of the location, and any change in the location of any such office or agency. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain such required office or agency in respect of any series of Securities or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the required information with respect thereto, presentations, surrenders, notices and demands in respect of Securities of that series may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee and the corporate trust office of any Authenticating Agent appointed hereunder; and the Company hereby appoints the Trustee and any Authenticating Agent appointed hereunder its agents to receive all such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands.
          The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies (in or outside The City of New York) where the Securities of one or more series, or any Tranche thereof may be presented or surrendered for any or all of such purposes, and may from time to time rescind such designation; provided , however , that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain for such purposes an office or agency in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York and in each Place of Payment for such purpose. The Company will promptly notify the Trustee for the Securities of each series as affected of any such designation or rescission thereof and of any change in the location of any such office or agency.
          Unless otherwise specified with respect to any Securities pursuant to Section 3.1, if and so long as the Securities of any series (i) are denominated in a Foreign Currency or (ii) may be payable in a Foreign Currency, or so long as it is required under any other provision of this Indenture, then the Company will maintain with respect to each such series of Securities, or as so required, at least one exchange rate agent.

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     Section 4.3 Money for Securities Payments to Be Held in Trust.
     If the Company shall at any time act as its own Paying Agent with respect to any series of Securities, it shall by 10 a.m. (New York City time), on or before each due date of the principal of, any premium or interest on or Additional Amounts with respect to any of the Securities of such series, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto a sum in the currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies in which the Securities of such series are payable (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 3.1 for the Securities of such series) sufficient to pay the principal or any premium, interest or Additional Amounts so becoming due until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided, and shall promptly notify the Trustee in writing of its action or failure so to act.
          Whenever the Company shall have one or more Paying Agents for any series of Securities, it shall, on or prior to each due date of the principal of, any premium or interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to any Securities of such series, deposit with any Paying Agent a sum (in the currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies described in the preceding paragraph) sufficient to pay the principal and any premium, interest or Additional Amounts so becoming due, such sum to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto, and (unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee in writing of its action or failure so to act.
          The Company shall cause each Paying Agent for any series of Securities other than the Trustee to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section, that such Paying Agent shall:
     (a) hold all sums held by it for the payment of the principal of, any premium or interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to Securities of such series or Tranche in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as provided in or pursuant to this Indenture;
     (b) give the Trustee notice of any default by the Company (or any other obligor upon the Securities of such series) in the making of any payment of principal of, any premium or interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities of such series; and
     (c) At any time during the continuance of any such default, upon the written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums so held in trust by such Paying Agent.
          The Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or by Company Order direct any Paying Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in trust by the Company or such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee upon the same terms as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or such Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Trustee, such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such sums.

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          Anything in this Section to the contrary notwithstanding, the agreement to hold sums in trust as provided in this Section is subject to the provisions of Section 12.3, Section 12.4 and Section 12.5.
     Section 4.4 Additional Amounts.
     Unless otherwise provided in the Board Resolution or supplemental indenture pursuant to Section 3.1 establishing the terms of a particular series of Securities, the Company will make all payments of principal of and premium, if any, interest and any other amounts on, or in respect of, the Securities of any series without withholding or deduction at source for, or on account of, any present or future taxes, fees, duties, assessments or governmental charges of whatever nature imposed or levied by or on behalf of any Relevant Jurisdiction or any political subdivision of any Relevant Jurisdiction or any authority in or of any Relevant Jurisdiction having the power to tax, unless such taxes, fees, duties, assessments or governmental charges are required to be withheld or deducted. If a withholding or deduction at source is required, the Company shall, unless otherwise provided in the Board Resolution or supplemental indenture pursuant to Section 3.1 establishing the terms of a particular series of Securities, subject to certain limitations and exceptions set forth below, pay to the Holder of any such Security, as additional interest, such Additional Amounts as may be necessary so that every net payment of principal, premium, if any, interest or any other amount made to such Holder, after such withholding or deduction, shall not be less than the amount provided for in such Security and this Indenture to be then due and payable; provided , however , that the Company shall not be required to make payment of such Additional Amounts:
     (a) for or on behalf of such Holder who is liable to such taxes or duties in respect of Securities of such series by reason of having some connection with the Relevant Jurisdiction other than the mere holding of Securities of such series;
     (b) in connection with presentation in the Relevant Jurisdiction where presentation is required;
     (c) if the Holder or the beneficial owner of the relevant Securities failed to comply with a request by the Company or other authorized person addressed to the Holder or the beneficial owner, as the case may be, to provide information concerning the nationality, residence or identity of the Holder or the beneficial owner or to make any declaration or other similar claim to satisfy any information or other requirement, which is required or imposed by a statute, treaty, regulation or administrative practice of a taxing jurisdiction as a precondition to exemption from all or part of the tax and which such Holder or beneficial owner is legally able to satisfy;
     (d) where presentation is required, more than 30 days after the Relevant Date (as defined below) except to the extent that the Holder would have been entitled to such Additional Amounts, on presenting the same for payment on such thirtieth day;
     (e) where such withholding or deduction is imposed on a payment to an individual and is required to be made pursuant to European Union Directive 2003/48/EC on the taxation

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of savings income or any law implementing or complying with, or introduced in order to confirm to, such directive;
     (f) for or on behalf of a Holder who would have been able to avoid such withholding or deduction by presenting, where presentation is required, the relevant series of Securities to another Paying Agent in a member state of the European Union; or
     (g) with respect to any combination of items (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) or (f) above;
nor shall Additional Amounts be paid with respect to any payment of the principal of, or premium, if any, interest or any other amounts on, any such Security to any Holder who is a fiduciary or partnership or other than the sole beneficial owner of such Security if such payment would be required by the laws of the Relevant Jurisdiction (or any political subdivision or relevant taxing authority thereof or therein) to be included in the income for tax purposes of a beneficiary or partner or settlor with respect to such fiduciary or a member of such partnership or a beneficial owner who would not have been entitled to such Additional Amounts had it been the Holder of the Security.
          For the purposes hereof the “Relevant Date” means the date on which the payment of principal of (or premium, if any, on) or interest, if any, on any series of Securities first becomes due or (if any amount of the money payable is improperly withheld or refused) the date on which payment in full of the amount outstanding is made or (if earlier) the date on which notice is duly given to such Holder that upon presentation of the Security in global or definitive form payment will be made provided that payment is in fact made upon such presentation.
          For the purposes hereof the “Relevant Jurisdiction” means the United Kingdom or any other jurisdiction in which the Company is resident for tax purposes.
          Whenever in this Indenture there is mentioned, in any context, the payment of the principal of or any premium, interest or any other amounts on, or in respect of, any Security of any series or the net proceeds received on the sale or exchange of any Security of any series, such mention shall be deemed to include mention of the payment of Additional Amounts provided by the terms of such series established hereby or pursuant hereto to the extent that, in such context, Additional Amounts are, were or would be payable in respect thereof pursuant to such terms, and express mention of the payment of Additional Amounts (if applicable) in any provision hereof shall not be construed as excluding the payment of Additional Amounts in those provisions hereof where such express mention is not made.
     Section 4.5 Redemption for Tax Purposes .
     Unless otherwise provided in the Board Resolution or supplemental indenture pursuant to Section 3.1 establishing the terms of a particular series of a Securities, the Company or any successor Person appointed pursuant to Section 11.3 may redeem the Securities at its option, in whole but not in part, at a Redemption Price equal to 100% of the principal amount, together with accrued and unpaid interest and Additional Amounts, if any, to the date fixed for

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redemption, if as a result of any change in or amendment to the laws or treaties (or any regulations or rulings promulgated under these laws or treaties) of the Relevant Jurisdiction or any taxing authority in the Relevant Jurisdiction (or any political subdivision) or any change in the application or official interpretation of such laws, regulations or rulings occurring, in the case of a redemption by the Company, on or after the date of issuance of the relevant series of Securities or, in the case of a redemption any successor Person appointed pursuant to Section 11.3, on or after the date on which the successor Person assumes the obligation under the Securities, the Company will be required as of the next Interest Payment Date to pay Additional Amounts with respect to the Securities as provided in Section 4.4 and such requirements cannot be avoided by the use of reasonable measures (such measures not involving any material additional payments or expense by the Company) then available. If the Company elects to redeem the Securities under this provision it will give written notice of such election to the Trustee. If the Company elects to redeem the Securities under this provision it will also mail a notice of redemption at least 30 days but no more than 60 days before the Redemption Date to each Holder of the Securities to be redeemed. Unless the Company defaults in the payment of the Redemption Price, on and after the Redemption Date, interest will cease to accrue on the Securities or portions thereof called for redemption. Any such redemption will be subject to Article 14 hereof.
     Prior to giving the notice of a tax redemption, the Company will deliver to the trustee an Officer’s Certificate stating that the Company is entitled to effect the redemption and setting forth a statement of facts showing that the conditions precedent to the Company’s right to so redeem have occurred.
     Section 4.6 Negative Pledge.
     Unless otherwise specified with respect to Securities of a particular series pursuant to Section 3.1, so long as any Securities are Outstanding, the Company will not create or permit to subsist any mortgage, charge, pledge, lien, security interest or other encumbrance upon the whole or any part of its undertaking, its assets or revenues present or future to secure any Relevant Indebtedness, or any guarantee of or indemnity in respect of any Relevant Indebtedness unless, at the same time or prior thereto, the Company’s obligations under the Securities of such series and this Indenture (a “ Lien ”) shall (a) be secured equally and ratably with such Relevant Indebtedness or benefit from a guarantee or indemnity in substantially identical terms thereto, as the case may be, in each case to the satisfaction of the Trustee, or (b) have the benefit of such other Security, guarantee, indemnity or other arrangement as the Trustee in its absolute discretion shall deem to be not materially less beneficial to the Holders of Securities of such series or as shall be approved by the Holder of no less than 75% in aggregate principal amount of securities of any such series.
     Section 4.7 Corporate Existence.
     Subject to Article 11 and Section 4.6, the Company shall do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its legal existence and rights (charter and statutory) and franchises; provided , however , that the foregoing shall not obligate the Company to preserve any such right or franchise if the Company shall determine that the

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preservation thereof is no longer desirable in the conduct of its business and that the loss thereof is not disadvantageous in any material respect to any Holder.
     Section 4.8 Waiver of Certain Covenants.
     The Company may omit in any particular instance to comply with any term, provision or condition set forth in Sections 4.6, 4.7 or 4.8 and any other covenant not set forth herein and specified pursuant to Section 3.1 to be applicable with respect to the Securities of any series if before or after the time for such compliance the Holders of at least a majority (or 75% in case of the covenant to provide security approved by 75% of the Holders pursuant to Section 4.6) in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series (which, in the case of a covenant not set forth herein and specified pursuant to Section 3.1 to be applicable to the Securities of any series, shall include only those series to which such covenant is so specified to be applicable), by Act of such Holders, either shall waive such compliance in such instance or generally shall have waived compliance with such term, provision or condition, but no such waiver shall extend to or affect such term, provision or condition except to the extent so expressly waived, and, until such waiver shall become effective, the obligations of the Company and the duties of the Trustee and the Principal Paying Agent for the Securities of such series in respect of any such term, provision or condition shall remain in full force and effect.
     Section 4.9 Certificates to Trustee.
     For so long as any series of Securities are Outstanding under this Indenture, the Company will, within 120 days after the end of its fiscal year, file with the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate complying with the provisions of the second paragraph of Section 13.6, stating whether or not, to the knowledge of the signers which, shall be the chief executive officer, treasurer or finance director of the Company, the Company has complied with the conditions and covenants on its part contained in this Indenture, and, if the signer, to the best of his or her knowledge, know of any event which is, or after notice or lapse of time or both would become, a default by the Company in the performance, observance or fulfillment of any such condition or covenant, specifying each such default and the nature thereof. For the purpose of this Section, compliance shall be determined without regard to any grace period or requirement of notice provided pursuant to the terms of this Indenture.
     Section 4.10 Calculation of Original Issue Discount.
     The Company shall file with the Trustee promptly at the end of each calendar year (i) a written notice specifying the amount of original issue discount (including daily rates and accrual periods) accrued on any Outstanding Original Issue Discount Securities as of the end of such year and (ii) such other specific information relating to such original issue discount as may then be relevant under the Code, as amended from time to time.

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ARTICLE 5
SECURITYHOLDER LISTS AND REPORTS BY THE
COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE
     Section 5.1 Company to Furnish Trustee Information as to Names and Addresses of Securityholders.
     The Company covenants and agrees that it will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee a list in such form as the Trustee may reasonably require of the names and addresses of the Holders of the Securities of each series semiannually and not later than June 30 and December 31 in each year, and at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, as of a date no more than 15 days prior to the date such information is so furnished; provided that, if and so long as the Trustee shall be the Securities Registrar for such series, such list shall not be required to be furnished.
     Section 5.2 Preservation and Disclosure of Securityholder Lists.
     (a) The Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably practicable, all information received by it pursuant to Section 5.1 and similar information received by it in any other capacity under this Indenture and afford Holders access to the information preserved by it, all to such extent, if any, and in such manner as shall be required by the Trust Indenture Act.
     (b) Each and every Holder of Securities, by receiving and holding the same, agrees with the Company and the Trustee that neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any Paying Agent shall be held accountable by reason of the disclosure of any such information as to the names and addresses of the Holders of Securities in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.2(a), regardless of the source from which such information was derived, and that the Trustee shall not be held accountable by reason of mailing any material pursuant to a request made under Section 5.2(a). In case three or more Holders of Securities of any series (for purposes of this Section, “applicants”) apply in writing to the Trustee and furnish to the Trustee proof reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee that each such applicant has owned a Security for a period of at least six months preceding the date of such application, and such application states that the applicants desire to communicate with other Holders of Securities of a particular series (in which case the applicants must all hold Securities of such series) or with Holders of all Securities with respect to their rights under this Indenture or under such Securities and such application is accompanied by a copy of the form of proxy or other communication which such applicants propose to transmit, then the Trustee shall, within five Business Days after the receipt of such application, at its election, either:
     (i) afford to such applicants access to the information preserved at the time by the Trustee in accordance with the provision of subsection (a) of this Section 5.2, or
     (ii) inform such applicant as to the approximate number of Holders of Securities of such series or all Securities, as the case may be, whose names and addresses appear in the information preserved at the time by the Trustee, in accordance with the provisions of subsection (a) of this Section 5.2, and as to the approximate cost

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of mailing to such Securityholders the form of proxy or other communication, if any, specified in such application.
If the Trustee shall elect not to afford to such applicants access to such information, the Trustee shall, upon the written request of such applicants, mail to each Securityholder of such series or all Securities, as the case may be, whose name and address appear in the information preserved at the time by the Trustee in accordance with the provisions of subsection (a) of this Section 5.2, a copy of the form of proxy or other communication which is specified in such request, with reasonable promptness after a tender to the Trustee of the material to be mailed and of payment, or provision for the payment, of the reasonable and properly incurred expenses of a mailing, unless within five days after such tender, the Trustee shall mail to such applicants and file with the Commission together with a copy of the material to be mailed, a written statement to the effect that, in the opinion of the Trustee, such mailing would be contrary to the best interest of the Holders of Securities of such series or all Securities, as the case may be, or could be in violation of applicable law. Such written statement shall specify the basis of such opinion. If the Commission, after opportunity for a hearing upon the objections specified in the written statement so filed, shall enter an order refusing to sustain any of such objections or if, after the entry of such order sustaining one or more of such objections, the Commission shall find, after notice and opportunity for hearing, that all the objections so sustained have been met, and shall enter an order so declaring, the Trustee shall mail copies of such material to all such Securityholders with reasonable promptness after the entry of such order and the renewal of such tender; otherwise the Trustee shall be relieved of any obligation or duty to such applicants respecting their application.
     Section 5.3 Reports by the Company.
     The Company covenants:
     (a) to file with the Trustee, within 15 days after the Company is required to file the same with the Commission, copies of the annual reports and of the information, documents and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the Commission may from time to time by rules and regulations prescribe) which the Company may be required to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act; or, if the Company is not required to file information, documents or reports pursuant to either of such Sections, then to file with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission, such of the supplementary and periodic information, documents and reports which may be required pursuant to Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act in respect of a security listed and registered on a national securities exchange as may be prescribed from time to time in such rules and regulations;
     (b) to file with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission, such additional information, documents and reports with respect to compliance by the Company with the conditions and covenants provided for in this Indenture as may be required from time to time by such rules and regulations; and

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     (c) to transmit by mail to the Holders of Securities in the manner and to the extent provided in Section 5.4 within 30 days after the filing thereof with the Trustee, such summaries of any information, documents and reports required to be filed by the Company pursuant to subsections (a) and (b) of this Section as may be required to be transmitted to such Holders by rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission.
     The delivery of such reports, information and documents to the Trustee pursuant to this Section 5.3 is for informational purposes only and the Trustee’s receipt of such shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Company’s compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on Officer’s Certificates) other than with respect to Section 7.2.
     Section 5.4 Reports by the Trustee.
     (a) Within 60 days after May 15 in each year following the date of original execution of this Indenture, so long as any Securities are Outstanding hereunder, the Trustee shall transmit by mail (with a copy to the Company) to the Securityholders of such series in the manner and to extent provided in Trust Indenture Act Section 313(c), a brief report, as provided by the Trust Indenture Act Sections 313(a) and (b).
     (b) A copy of each such report shall, at the time of such transmission to the Securityholders of any series, be furnished to the Company and be filed by the Trustee with each stock exchange upon which the Securities of such series are listed and also with the Commission. The Company agrees to notify the Trustee promptly when and as the Securities of any series become admitted to trading on any national securities exchange.
ARTICLE 6
REMEDIES OF THE TRUSTEE AND SECURITYHOLDERS
ON EVENT OF DEFAULT
     Section 6.1 Event of Default Defined; Acceleration of Maturity; Waiver of Default.
      “Event of Default ”, with respect to the Securities of any series, wherever used herein, means each one of the following events which shall have occurred and be continuing (whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether it shall be voluntary or involuntary or be effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body), unless it is either inapplicable to a particular series or it is specifically deleted or modified in the applicable resolution of the Board of Directors or in the supplemental indenture under which such series of Securities is issued, as the case may be, as contemplated by Section 3.1:
     (a) default in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any, on) any of the Securities of such series as, when the same shall become due and payable at Maturity, and such default continues for a period of 14 days from the due date for payment; or

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     (b) default in the payment of any interest on any of the Securities of such series, (or any Additional Amounts payable with respect thereto), as and when the same shall become due and payable, and such default continues for a period of 30 days from the due date for payment of such interest (or Additional Amounts); or
     (c) default in the performance or breach of any other covenant or warranty of the Company in respect of the Securities of such series (other than any obligation for the payment of any principal or interest in respect of the Securities of such series which is elsewhere in this Section specifically dealt with), and which default is incapable of remedy, or if in the opinion of the Trustee capable of remedy, and such default is not remedied within 90 days after there has been given, by registered or certified mail, to the Company by the Trustee, (or to the Company and the Trustee by the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of all series affected thereby), a written notice specifying such default and requiring it to be remedied and stating that such notice is a “ Notice of Default ” hereunder; or
     (d) if (i) any of the Company’s or any Principal Subsidiary’s present or future Relevant Indebtedness becomes due and payable prior to its Stated Maturity by reason of an actual Event of Default or (ii) any amount with respect to such Relevant Indebtedness is not paid when due or, as the case may be, within any applicable grace period, provided that the aggregate amount of the Relevant Indebtedness with respect to any of the events described in this paragraph equals or exceeds £50,000,000 for the period up to March 31, 2017, and £100,000,000 thereafter; or
     (e) either a court in the United Kingdom issues a final order or an effective shareholders’ resolution is validly adopted, and where possible, such resolution or final order is not discharged or stayed within 90 days, that the Company be wound up or dissolved; or
     (f) attachment is made of the whole or substantially the whole of the Company’s assets or undertakings and such attachment is not released or cancelled within 90 days or an encumbrancer takes possession or an administrative or other receiver or similar officer is appointed of the whole or substantially the whole of the Company’s undertaking or assets or an administration or similar order is made to the Company, and such taking of possession, appointment or order is not released, discharged or cancelled within 90 days; or
     (g) The Company ceases to carry on all or substantially all of its business, or the Company is unable to pay debts within the meaning of Section 123(1)(e) or Section 123(2) of the U.K. Insolvency Act 1986; or
     (h) the Company is adjudged bankrupt or insolvent by a court of competent jurisdiction in the Company’s country of incorporation; or
     (i) any other Event of Default established by or pursuant to a resolution of the Board of Directors or one or more indentures supplemental hereto as applicable to the Securities of such series.

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     If an Event of Default described in clause (a), (b), (c), (d) or (i) occurs and is continuing with respect to Securities of any series at the time Outstanding, the Trustee or the Holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of such series then Outstanding, by notice in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by Securityholders), may declare the entire principal (or, if the Securities of such series are Original Issue Discount Securities, such portion of the principal as may be specified in the terms of such series) of all Securities of such series and the interest accrued thereon, if any, to be due and payable immediately, and upon any such declaration the same shall become immediately due and payable.
          If any Event of Default described in clause (e), (f), (g) or (h) above occurs and is continuing, all unpaid principal of the Securities then Outstanding of that series and the interest accrued thereon, if any, shall ipso facto become and be immediately due and payable without declaration, presentment, demand or notice of any kind by the Trustee or any Holder of Securities of that series.
          The foregoing provisions, however, are subject to the condition that if, at any time after a declaration of acceleration with respect to the Securities of any series has been made and before any judgment or decree for the payment of the moneys due shall have been obtained or entered as hereinafter provided, the Company shall pay or shall deposit with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay all matured installments of interest, if any, and any Additional Amounts with respect to all the Securities of such series (or upon all the Securities, as the case may be) and the principal of (and premium, if any, on) any and all Securities of such series (or of all the Securities, as the case may be) which shall have become due otherwise than by acceleration (with interest upon such principal and premium, if any, and, to the extent that payment of such interest is enforceable under applicable law, on overdue installments of interest or Additional Amounts, at the Overdue Rate applicable to such series to the date of such payment or deposit) and all amounts payable to the Trustee pursuant to the provisions of Section 7.6, and such amount as shall be sufficient to cover reasonable compensation to the Trustee, its agents, attorneys and counsel, and all other expenses and liabilities incurred, and all advances made, by the Trustee except as a result of negligence or bad faith, and if any and all Events of Default under the Indenture, other than the nonpayment of the principal of and accrued interest on and any Additional Amounts with respect to Securities of such series which shall have become due by acceleration, shall have been cured, waived or otherwise remedied as provided herein — then and in every such case the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of such series (each series voting as a separate class), or of all the Securities (voting as a single class), as the case may be, then Outstanding, by written notice to the Company and to the Trustee, may waive all defaults with respect to that series (or with respect to all the Securities, as the case may be) and rescind and annul such acceleration and its consequences, but no such waiver or rescission and annulment shall extend to or shall affect any subsequent default or shall impair any right consequent thereon.
          For all purposes under this Indenture, if a portion of the principal of any Original Issue Discount Security shall have been accelerated and declared or become due and payable pursuant to the provisions hereof, then, from and after such acceleration, unless such

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acceleration has been rescinded and annulled, the principal amount of such Original Issue Discount Security shall be deemed, for all purposes hereunder, to be such portion of the principal thereof as shall be due and payable as a result of such acceleration, and payment of such portion of the principal thereof as shall be due and payable as a result of such acceleration, together with interest, if any, thereon and all other amounts owing thereunder, shall constitute payment in full of such Original Issue Discount Security.
     Section 6.2 Collection of Indebtedness by Trustee; Trustee May Prove Debt.
     The Company covenants that (a) in case default shall be made in the payment of any installment of interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to any of the Securities of any series when such interest shall have become due and payable, and such default shall have continued for a period of 30 days or (b) in case default shall be made in the payment of all or any part of the principal of or any premium, if any, on any Securities of any series or any Additional Amounts with respect thereto when the same shall have become due and payable, whether upon Stated Maturity of the Securities of such series or upon any redemption or by acceleration or otherwise, then upon demand of the Trustee for such series, the Company will pay to the Trustee for the benefit of the Holder of any such Security the whole amount that then shall have become due and payable on any such Security for the principal, premium, if any, and interest, if any, with interest upon the overdue principal and premium, if any, and, so far as payment of the same is enforceable under applicable law, on overdue installments of interest and Additional Amounts, at the Overdue Rate applicable to any such Security; and, in addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, and any further amounts payable to the Trustee, its agents and counsel pursuant to the provisions of Section 7.6.
          In case the Company shall fail forthwith to pay such amounts upon such demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, shall be entitled and empowered to institute any action or proceedings at law or in equity for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, and may prosecute any such action or proceedings to judgment or final decree, and may enforce any such judgment or final decree against the Company or other obligor upon such Securities and collect in the manner provided by law out of the property of the Company or other obligor upon such Securities, wherever situated, the moneys adjudged or decreed to be payable.
          The Trustee shall be entitled and empowered, either in its own name as trustee of an express trust, or as attorney-in-fact for the Holders of any of the Securities, or in both such capacities, to file such proof of debt, amendment of proof of debt, claim, petition or other document as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee and of the Holders of Securities allowed in any equity receivership, insolvency, bankruptcy, liquidation, readjustment, reorganization or other similar proceedings, or any judicial proceedings, relative to the Company or any other obligor on the Securities or its creditors or its property. The Trustee is hereby irrevocably appointed (and the successive respective Holders of the Securities, by taking and holding the same, shall be conclusively deemed to have so appointed the Trustee) the true and lawful attorney-in-fact of the respective Holders of the Securities, with authority to make or file in the respective names of the Holders of the Securities any proof of

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debt, amendment of proof of debt, claim, petition or other document in any such proceedings and to receive payment of any sums becoming distributable on account thereof, and to execute any other papers and documents and do and perform any and all acts and things for and on behalf of such Holders of the Securities as may be necessary or advisable in the opinion of the Trustee in order to have the respective claims of the Holders of the Securities against the Company or any other obligor on the Securities and/or its property allowed in any such proceedings, and to receive payment of or on account of such claims; provided , however , that nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize or empower the Trustee to consent to or accept or adopt, on behalf of any Holder of Securities, any plan of reorganization or readjustment of the Company or any other obligor on the Securities or, by other action of any character in any such proceeding, to waive or change in any way any right of any Holder of any Security, even though it may otherwise be entitled so to do under any present or future law, all such power or authorization being hereby expressly denied.
          All rights of action and of asserting claims under this Indenture or under any of the Securities may be enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the Securities or the production thereof in any trial or other proceedings relative thereto, and any such action or proceedings instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment, subject to the payment of the expenses, disbursements and compensation of the Trustee, each predecessor Trustee and their respective agents and attorneys, shall be for the ratable benefit of the holders of the Securities in respect of which such action was taken.
          In any proceedings brought by the Trustee (and also any proceedings involving the interpretation of any provision of this Indenture to which the Trustee shall be a party), the Trustee shall be held to represent all the Holders of the Securities in respect of which such action was taken, and it shall not be necessary to make any Holders of such Securities parties to any such proceedings.
     Section 6.3 Application of Proceeds.
     Any moneys collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article in respect of any series of the Securities, together with any other sums held by the Trustee (as such) hereunder (other than sums held in trust for the benefit of the Holders of particular Securities), shall be applied in the following order at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such moneys on account of principal, or any premium, interest or Additional Amounts, upon presentation (except in respect of Subdivision First below) of the several Securities in respect of which moneys have been collected and stamping (or otherwise noting) thereon the payment, or issuing Securities of such series in reduced principal amounts in exchange for the presented Securities of like series if only partially paid, or upon surrender thereof if fully paid:
     FIRST: To the payment of costs and expenses applicable to such series in respect of which moneys have been collected, including reasonable compensation to the Trustee and each predecessor Trustee and their respective agents and attorneys and of all expenses and liabilities properly incurred, and all advances made, by the Trustee and each

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predecessor Trustee except as a result of negligence or bad faith, and all other amounts due to the Trustee or any predecessor Trustee pursuant to Section 7.6;
     SECOND: In case the principal of the Securities of such series in respect of which moneys have been collected shall not have become and be then due and payable, to the payment of interest and any Additional Amounts on the Securities of such series in default in the order of the maturity of the installments of such interest, with interest (to the extent that such interest has been collected by the Trustee), so far as it may be enforceable under applicable law, upon the overdue installments of interest and any Additional Amounts at the Overdue Rate applicable to such series, such payments to be made ratably to the Persons entitled thereto, without discrimination or preference;
     THIRD: In case the principal of the Securities of such series in respect of which moneys have been collected shall have become and shall be then due and payable, to the payment of the whole amount then owing and unpaid upon all the Securities of such series for principal and premium, if any, and interest, if any, and any Additional Amounts, with interest upon the overdue principal and premium, if any, and (to the extent that such interest has been collected by the Trustee), so far as payment of the same is enforceable under applicable law, upon overdue installments of interest and any Additional Amounts, if any, at the Overdue Rate applicable to such series; and in case such moneys shall be insufficient to pay in full the whole amount so due and unpaid upon the Securities of such series, then to the payment of such principal, premium, if any, and interest, if any, and any Additional Amounts, without preference or priority of principal and premium, if any, over interest or any Additional Amounts, or of interest or any Additional Amounts, if any, over principal and premium, if any, or of any installment of interest over any other installment of interest, or of any Security of such series over any other Security of such series, ratably to the aggregate of such principal, premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any; and
     FOURTH: To the payment of the remainder, if any, to the Company or as a court of competent jurisdiction may direct in writing.
     Section 6.4 Suits for Enforcement.
     In case an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series has occurred, has not been waived and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce the rights vested in it by this Indenture by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any of such rights, either at law or in equity or in bankruptcy or otherwise, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement contained in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted in this Indenture or to enforce any other legal or equitable right vested in the Trustee by this Indenture or by law.
     Section 6.5 Restoration of Rights on Abandonment of Proceedings.
     In case the Trustee or any Holder shall have proceeded to enforce any right under this Indenture and such proceedings shall have been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or

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shall have been determined adversely to the Trustee or such Holder, then and in every such case (subject to the binding effect of any determination made in such proceedings) the Company and the Trustee and each of the Holders shall be restored severally and respectively to their former positions and rights hereunder, and (subject as aforesaid) all rights, remedies and powers of the Company, the Trustee and the Holders shall continue as though no such proceedings had been instituted.
     Section 6.6 Limitations on Suits by Securityholders.
     No Holder of any Security of any series shall have any right by virtue or by availing of any provision of this Indenture to institute an action or proceeding at law or in equity or in bankruptcy or otherwise upon or under or with respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment of a trustee, receiver, liquidator, custodian or other similar official or for any other remedy hereunder, unless such Holder previously shall have given to the Trustee written notice of an Event of Default and of the continuance thereof, as hereinbefore provided, and unless also the Holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of such series then Outstanding shall have made written request upon the Trustee to institute such action or proceeding in its own name as Trustee hereunder and shall have offered to the Trustee such sufficient indemnity as it may require against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred therein or thereby and the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity shall have failed to institute any such action or proceeding and no direction inconsistent with such written request shall have been given to the Trustee pursuant to Section 6.9; it being understood and intended, and being expressly covenanted by the taker and Holder of every Security with every other taker and Holder of any Security and with the Trustee, that no one or more Holders of Securities of any series shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue or by availing of any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other Holder of Securities, or to obtain or seek to obtain priority over or preference to any other such Holder or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal, ratable and common benefit of all Holders of Securities of such series. For the protection and enforcement of the provisions of this Section, each and every Holder of Securities of any series and the Trustee shall be entitled to such relief as can be given either at law or in equity.
     Section 6.7 Unconditional Right of Securityholders to Institute Certain Suits.
     Nothing contained in this Indenture or in the Securities of any series shall affect or impair the obligation of the Company, which is unconditional and absolute, to pay the principal of, and premium, if any, and interest, if any, on, and any Additional Amounts with respect to, the Securities of such series at the respective places, at the respective times, at the respective rates, in the respective amounts and in the coin or currency therein and herein prescribed, or affect or impair the right of action, which is also absolute and unconditional, of any Holder of any Security to institute suit to enforce such payment at the respective due dates expressed in such Security, or upon redemption, by declaration, repayment or otherwise as herein provided without reference to, or the consent of, the Trustee or the Holder of any other Security, unless such Holder consents thereto or unless and to the extent that the institution or prosecution.

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     Section 6.8 Powers and Remedies Cumulative; Delay or Omission Not Waiver of Default.
     Except as provided in Section 6.6, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holder of any Security is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.
     No delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Holder of any Security of any series to exercise any right or power accruing upon any Event of Default occurring and continuing as aforesaid shall impair any such right or power or shall be construed to be a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein; and, subject to Section 6.6, every power and remedy given by this Indenture or by law to the Trustee or to the Holder of any Security may be exercised from time to time, and as often as shall be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holder of such Security, as the case may be.
     Section 6.9 Control by Holders of Securities.
     The Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of each series affected (with each series voting as a separate class) at the time Outstanding shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series by this Indenture; provided that such direction shall not be otherwise than in accordance with law and the provisions of this Indenture, and provided , further , that (subject to the provisions of Section 7.1) the Trustee shall have the right to decline to follow any such direction if the Trustee, being advised by counsel, shall determine that the action or proceeding so directed may not lawfully be taken or if the Trustee in good faith by its board of directors, the executive committee or a trust committee of directors or Responsible Officers of the Trustee shall determine that the action or proceedings so directed would expose the Trustee to personal liability or if the Trustee in good faith shall so determine that the actions or forebearances specified in or pursuant to such direction would be unduly prejudicial to the interests of Holders of the Securities of all series so affected not joining in the giving of said direction, it being understood that (subject to Section 7.1) the Trustee shall have no duty to ascertain whether or not such actions or forebearances are unduly prejudicial to such Holders.
          As between the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities, nothing in this Indenture shall impair the right of the Trustee in its discretion to take any action deemed proper by the Trustee and which is not inconsistent with such direction or directions by Securityholders.

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     Section 6.10 Waiver of Past Defaults.
     The Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series on behalf of the Holders of all the Securities of such series may waive any past default hereunder with respect to such series and its consequences, except a default:
     (1) in the payment of the principal of, any premium or interest on, or any Additional Amounts with respect to, any Security of such series, or
     (2) in respect of a covenant or provision hereof which under Article 10 cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security of such series affected.
          Upon any such waiver, such default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other default or impair any right consequent thereon.
     Section 6.11 Trustee to Give Notice of Default, But May Withhold in Certain Circumstances.
     The Trustee shall transmit to the Securityholders of any series, as the names and addresses of such Holders appear on the Security Register, notice by mail of all defaults that a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has actual knowledge of or with respect to which a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has received written notice which have occurred with respect to such series, such notice to be transmitted within 120 days after the occurrence thereof, unless such defaults shall have been cured before the giving of such notice (the term “default” or “defaults” for the purposes of this Section being hereby defined to mean any event or condition which is, or with notice or lapse of time or both would become, an Event of Default); provided that, except in the case of default in the payment of the principal of, or premium, if any, or interest, if any, on, or any Additional Amounts with respect to, any of the Securities of such series, the Trustee shall be protected in withholding such notice if and so long as the board of directors, the executive committee or a trust committee of directors or Responsible Officers of the Trustee in good faith determines that the withholding of such notice is in the interests of the Securityholders of such series.
     Section 6.12 Right of Court to Require Filing of Undertaking to Pay Costs.
     The parties to this Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Security by his acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to any suit instituted by the

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Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Securityholder or group of Securityholders of any series holding in the aggregate more than 10% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of such series Outstanding, or, in the case of any suit relating to or arising under Section 6.1(c) or Section 6.1(i) (if the suit relates to Securities of more than one but fewer than all series), 10% in aggregate principal amount of Securities Outstanding affected thereby, or, in the case of any suit relating to or arising under Section 6.1(c) or Section 6.1(i) (if the suit under clause (d) or (g) relates to all the Securities then Outstanding), Section 6.1(f) or Section 6.1(g), 10% in aggregate principal amount of all Securities Outstanding, or to any suit instituted by any Holder of Securities for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of, or premium, if any, or interest, if any, on, any Security on or after the due date expressed in such Security.
     Section 6.13 Waiver of Usury, Stay or Extension Laws.
     The Company covenants that (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) it will not at any time insist upon, or plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any usury, stay or extension law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and the Company expressly waives (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) all benefit or advantage of any such law and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted.
ARTICLE 7
CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE
     Section 7.1 Duties and Responsibilities of the Trustee; During Default; Prior to Default.
     With respect to the Holders of any series of Securities issued hereunder, the Trustee, prior to the occurrence of an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of that series and after the curing or waiving of all Events of Default which may have occurred with respect to such series, undertakes to perform such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture. In case an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of a series has occurred (which has not been cured or waived), the Trustee shall exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise, as a prudent man would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his own affairs.
          No provision of this Indenture shall be construed to relieve the Trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that:
     (a) prior to the occurrence of an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of such series and after the curing or waiving of all such Events of Default with respect to such series which may have occurred:

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     (i) the duties and obligations of the Trustee shall be determined solely by the express provisions of this Indenture, and the Trustee shall not be liable except for the performance of such duties and obligations as are specifically set forth in this Indenture, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee; and
     (ii) in the absence of bad faith on the part of the Trustee, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon any statements, certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture; but in the case of any such statements, certificates or opinions which by any provision hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture;
     (b) the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer or Responsible Officers of the Trustee, unless it shall be proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts; and
     (c) the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the direction of the Holders of Securities pursuant to Section 6.9 relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee, under this Indenture.
          Every provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or affording protection to the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this Section 7.1
          None of the provisions contained in this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur personal financial liability in the performance of any of its duties or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that the repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such liability is not reasonably assured to it.
     Section 7.2 Certain Rights of the Trustee.
     Subject to Section 7.1:
     (a) the Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, Officer’s Certificate or any other certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, coupon, security or other paper or document (whether in original or facsimile form) believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties;
     (b) any request, direction, order or demand of the Company mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by an Officer’s Certificate (unless other evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically prescribed); and any resolution of the Board of Directors may be evidenced

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to the Trustee by a copy thereof certified by the secretary or any assistant secretary of the Company;
     (c) the Trustee may consult with counsel and any advice or Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it hereunder in good faith and in accordance with such advice or Opinion of Counsel;
     (d) the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the trusts or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request, order or direction of any of the Securityholders pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture, unless such Securityholders shall have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred therein or thereby;
     (e) the Trustee shall not be liable for any action taken or omitted by it in good faith and believed by it to be authorized or within the discretion, rights or powers conferred upon it by this Indenture;
     (f) prior to the occurrence of an Event of Default hereunder and after the curing or waiving of all Events of Default, the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, approval, appraisal, bond, debenture, note, coupon, security or other paper or document unless requested in writing so to do by the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of all series affected then Outstanding; provided that, if the payment within a reasonable time to the Trustee of the costs, expenses or liabilities likely to be incurred by it in the making of such investigation is, in the opinion of the Trustee, not reasonably assured to the Trustee by the security afforded to it by the terms of this Indenture, the Trustee may require reasonable indemnity against such expenses or liabilities as a condition to proceeding; the reasonable expenses of every such investigation shall be paid by the Company or, if paid by the Trustee or any predecessor Trustee, shall be repaid by the Company upon demand;
     (g) the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or attorneys not regularly in its employ, and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any such agent or attorney appointed with due care by it hereunder;
     (h) the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit, and if the Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or investigation, it shall be entitled to examine during reasonable hours and upon reasonable notice the books, records and premises of the Company, personally or by agent or attorney, unless such examination is not permitted by applicable law;

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     (i) the Trustee shall not be deemed to have notice of any Default or Event of Default unless a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has actual knowledge thereof or unless written notice of any event which is in fact such a default is received by the Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and such notice references the Securities and this Indenture; and
     (j) the rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder, and each agent, custodian and other Person authorized to act hereunder.
     Section 7.3 Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals, Disposition of Securities or Application of Proceeds Thereof.
     The recitals contained herein and in the Securities, except the certificates of authentication, shall be taken as the statements of the Company, and the Trustee assumes no responsibility for the correctness of the same, except that the Trustee represents that it is duly authorized to execute and deliver this Indenture, authenticate the Securities and perform its obligations hereunder and that the statements made by it in a Statement of Eligibility on Form T-1 supplied to the Company are true and accurate, subject to the qualifications set forth therein. The Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of the Securities. The Trustee shall not be accountable for the use or application by the Company of any of the Securities or of the proceeds thereof.
     Section 7.4 Trustee and Agents May Hold Securities; Collections, etc.
     The Trustee, any Paying Agent, Securities Registrar, Authenticating Agent or any agent of the Company or the Trustee, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities with the same rights it would have if it were not the Trustee or such agent, and, subject to Section 7.8 and Section 7.13, if operative, may otherwise deal with the Company and receive, collect, hold and retain collections from the Company with the same rights it would have if it were not the Trustee, Paying Agent, Securities Registrar, Authenticating Agent or such agent.
     Section 7.5 Moneys Held by Trustee.
     Subject to the provisions of Section 12.3, all moneys received by the Trustee shall, until used or applied as herein provided, be held in trust for the purposes for which they were received, but need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by mandatory provisions of law. The Trustee shall have no liability for interest on money it receives and holds in trust except as specifically provided herein.
     Section 7.6 Compensation and Indemnification of Trustee and Its Prior Claim.
     The Company covenants and agrees to pay the Trustee from time to time, and the Trustee shall be entitled to such compensation as the Company and the Trustee may from time

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to time agree in writing for all services rendered by the Trustee hereunder (which compensation shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust) and the Company covenants and agrees to pay or reimburse the Trustee and each predecessor trustee upon its request for all reasonable and properly incurred expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by or on behalf of it in accordance with any of the provisions of this Indenture (including the reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements of its counsel and of all agents and other Persons not regularly in its employ) except any such expense, disbursement or advance as shall be attributable to its negligence or bad faith. The Company also covenants to indemnify the Trustee and each predecessor trustee for, and hold it harmless against, any loss, liability, damage, claims or expense, including taxes (other than taxes measured by the income of the Trustee or otherwise applicable to the Trustee for operations outside the scope of this Indenture) incurred without negligence or bad faith on its part, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of this Indenture or the trusts hereunder and the performance of its duties hereunder, including the costs and expenses of defending itself against or investigating any claim of liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder except to the extent that any such loss, liability, damage, claims or expense shall be attributable to the Trustee’s negligence or bad faith. The obligations of the Company under this Section to compensate and indemnify the Trustee and each predecessor trustee and to pay or reimburse the Trustee and each predecessor trustee for expenses, disbursements and advances shall constitute additional indebtedness hereunder and shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture and resignation or removal of the Trustee. Such additional indebtedness shall be a Lien prior to that of the Securities upon all property and funds held or collected by the Trustee as such, except funds held in trust for the benefit of the Holders of particular Securities.
     Section 7.7 Right of Trustee to Rely on Officer’s Certificate, etc.
     Subject to Section 7.1 and Section 7.2, whenever in the administration of the trusts of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it necessary or desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking or suffering or omitting any action hereunder, such matter (unless other evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of negligence or bad faith on the part of the Trustee, be deemed to be conclusively proved and established by an Officer’s Certificate delivered to the Trustee, and such certificate, in the absence of negligence or bad faith on the part of the Trustee, shall be full warrant to the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it under the provisions of this Indenture upon the good faith thereof.
     Section 7.8 Qualification of Trustee; Conflicting Interests.
     The Trustee for the Securities of any series issued hereunder shall be subject to the provisions of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act during the period of time provided for therein. In determining whether the Trustee has a conflicting interest as defined in Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act with respect to the Securities of any series, there shall be excluded this Indenture with respect to Securities of any particular series of Securities other than that series. Nothing herein shall prevent the Trustee from filing with the Commission the

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application referred to in the penultimate paragraph of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act.
     Section 7.9 Persons Eligible for Appointment as Trustee.
     There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder for each series of Securities, which shall be at all times either:
     (a) a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America or of any State or territory or the District of Columbia, authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers and subject to supervision or examination by Federal, State, territory or District of Columbia authority; or
     (b) a corporation or other Person organized and doing business under the laws of a foreign government that is permitted to act as sole Trustee pursuant to a rule, regulation or order of the Commission, authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers, and subject to supervision or examination by authority of such foreign government or a political subdivision thereof substantially equivalent to supervision or examination applicable to United States institutional trustees,
in either case having a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000. If such corporation publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to requirements of the aforesaid supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section 7.9, the combined capital and surplus of such corporation shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time the Trustee for the Securities of any series shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section 7.9, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article. Neither the Company nor any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Company shall serve as Trustee for the Securities of any series issued hereunder.
     Section 7.10 Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor Trustee.
     (a) The Trustee, or any trustee or trustees hereafter appointed, may at any time resign by giving written notice of resignation to the Company and by mailing notice thereof by first-class mail to Holders of the Securities at their last addresses as they shall appear on the Security Register. Upon receiving such notice of resignation, the Company shall promptly appoint a successor trustee or trustees by written instrument in duplicate, executed by authority of the Board of Directors, one copy of which instrument shall be delivered to the resigning Trustee and one copy to the successor trustee or trustees. If no successor trustee shall have been so appointed and have accepted appointment within 30 days after the mailing of such notice of resignation, the resigning Trustee may petition at the expense of the Company any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor trustee, or any Securityholder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security or Securities for at least six months may, subject to the provisions of Section 6.12, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition

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any such court for the appointment of a successor trustee. Such court may thereupon, after such notice, if any, as it may deem proper and prescribe, appoint a successor trustee.
     (b) In case at any time any of the following shall occur:
     (i) the Trustee shall fail to comply with the provisions of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act after written request therefor by the Company or by any Securityholder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security or Securities for at least six months unless the Trustee’s duty to resign is stayed in accordance with the provisions of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act; or
     (ii) the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of Section 7.9 and shall fail to resign after written request therefor by the Company or by any Securityholder; or the Trustee shall become incapable of acting, or shall be adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent; or a receiver or liquidator of the Trustee or of its property shall be appointed, or any public officer shall take charge or control of the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation; then, in any case, the Company may remove the Trustee and appoint a successor trustee by written instrument, in duplicate, executed by order of the Board of Directors of the Company, one copy of which instrument shall be delivered to the Trustee so removed and one copy to the successor trustee, or, subject to the provisions of Section 6.12, any Securityholder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security or Securities for at least six months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor trustee. Such court may thereupon, after such notice, if any, as it may deem proper and prescribe, remove the Trustee and appoint a successor trustee.
     (c) The Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities at the time Outstanding may at any time remove the Trustee and appoint a successor trustee by delivering to the Trustee so removed, to the successor trustee so appointed and to the Company the evidence provided for in Section 8.1 of the action in that regard taken by the Securityholders.
     (d) No resignation or removal of the Trustee and no appointment of a successor trustee pursuant to any of the provisions of this Section 7.10 shall become effective until acceptance of appointment by the successor trustee as provided in Section 7.11.
     Section 7.11 Acceptance of Appointment by Successor Trustee.
     Any successor trustee appointed as provided in Section 7.10 shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Company and to its predecessor trustee an instrument accepting such appointment hereunder, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the predecessor trustee shall become effective and such successor trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all rights, powers, duties and obligations of its predecessor hereunder, with like effect as if originally named as trustee hereunder; but nevertheless, on the written

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request of the Company or of the successor trustee, upon payment of all amounts due to the Trustee under Section 7.6, the Trustee ceasing to act shall, subject to Section 4.4, pay over to the successor trustee all moneys at the time held by it hereunder and shall execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor trustee all such rights, powers, duties and obligations. Upon request of any successor trustee, the Company shall execute any and all instruments in writing for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming to such successor trustee all such rights and powers. Any Trustee ceasing to act, shall, nevertheless, retain a prior Lien upon all property or funds held or collected by such trustee to secure any amounts then due it pursuant to the provisions of Section 7.6.
          No successor trustee shall accept appointment as provided in this Section 7.11 unless at the time of such acceptance such successor trustee shall be qualified under the provisions of Section 7.8 and eligible under the provisions of Section 7.9.
          Upon acceptance of appointment by any successor trustee as provided in this Section 7.11, the Company shall mail notice thereof by first-class mail to the Holders of Securities at their last addresses as they shall appear on the Security Register. If the acceptance of appointment is substantially contemporaneous with the resignation, then the notice called for by the preceding sentence may be combined with the notice called for by Section 7.10. If the Company fails to mail such notice within 10 days after acceptance of appointment by the successor trustee, the successor trustee shall cause such notice to be mailed at the expense of the Company.
     Section 7.12 Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business of Trustee.
     Any corporation in which the Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to substantially all of the corporate trust business of the Trustee, shall be the successor of the trustee hereunder, provided that such corporation shall be qualified under the provisions of Section 7.8 and eligible under the provisions of Section 7.9, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act (including the giving of any notice to Securityholders) on the part of any of the parties hereto, anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding.
          In case at the time such successor to the Trustee shall succeed to the trusts created by this Indenture any of the Securities shall have been authenticated but not delivered, any such successor to the Trustee may adopt the certificate of authentication of any predecessor trustee and deliver such Securities so authenticated; and, in case at that time any of the Securities shall not have been authenticated, any successor to the Trustee may authenticate such Securities either in the name of any predecessor hereunder or in the name of the successor trustee; and in all such cases such certificate shall have the full force which it is anywhere in the Securities or in this Indenture provided for the certificate of authentication of the Trustee.

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     Section 7.13 Preferential Collection of Claims Against the Company.
     (a) Subject to the provisions of this Section, if the Trustee shall be or shall become a creditor, directly or indirectly, secured or unsecured, of the Company or any other obligor of the Securities within three months prior to a default, as defined in Section 7.13(c), or subsequent to such a default, then, unless and until such default shall be cured, the Trustee shall set apart and hold in a special account for the benefit of the Trustee individually, the Holders of the Securities and the holders of other indenture securities (as defined in this Section):
     (i) an amount equal to any and all reductions in the amount due and owing upon any claim as such creditor in respect of principal or interest, effected after the beginning of such three months’ period and valid as against the Company and its other creditors, except any such reduction resulting from the receipt or disposition of any property described in Section 7.13(a)(ii), or from the exercise of any right of set-off which the Trustee could have exercised if a petition in bankruptcy had been filed by or against the Company upon the date of such default; and
     (ii) all property received by the Trustee in respect of any claim as such creditor, either as security therefor, or in satisfaction or composition thereof, or otherwise, after the beginning of such three months’ period, or an amount equal to the proceeds of any such property, if disposed of, subject, however, to the rights, if any, of the Company and its other creditors in such property or such proceeds.
Nothing herein contained, however, shall affect the right of the Trustee:
(A) to retain for its own account (i) payments made on account of any such claim by any Person (other than the Company) who is liable thereon, (ii) the proceeds of a bona fide sale of any such claim by the Trustee to a third Person, and (iii) distributions made in cash, securities or other property in respect of claims filed against the Company in bankruptcy or receivership or in the proceedings for reorganization pursuant to the Federal Bankruptcy Code or applicable state law;
(B) to realize, for its own account, upon any property held by it as security for any such claim, if such property was so held prior to the beginning of such three months’ period;
(C) to realize, for its own account, but only to the extent of the claim hereinafter mentioned, upon any property held by it as security for any such claim, if such claim was created after the beginning of such three months’ period and such property was received as security therefor simultaneously with the creation thereof, and if the Trustee shall sustain the burden of proving that at the time such property was so received the Trustee has no reasonable cause to believe that a default as defined by Section 7.13(c) would occur within three months; or

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(D) to receive payment on any claim referred to in paragraph (B) or (C) above, against the release of any property held as security for such claim as provided in such paragraph (B) or (C), as the case may be, to the extent of the fair value of such property.
          For the purposes of paragraphs (B), (C) and (D), property substituted after the beginning of such three months’ period for property held as security at the time of such substitution shall, to the extent of the fair value of the property released, have the same status as the property released, and, to the extent that any claim referred to in any of such paragraphs is created in renewal of or in substitution for or for the purpose of repaying or refunding any pre-existing claim of the Trustee as such creditor, such claim shall have the same status as such pre-existing claim.
          If the Trustee shall be required to account, the funds and property held in such special account and the proceeds thereof shall be apportioned between the Trustee, the Holders of the Securities and the holders of other indenture securities in such manner that the Trustee, such Holders and the holders of other indenture securities realize, as a result of payments from such special account and payments of dividends on claims filed against the Company in bankruptcy or receivership or in proceedings for reorganization pursuant to the Federal Bankruptcy Code or applicable state law, the same percentage of their respective claims, figured before crediting to the claim of the Trustee anything on account of the receipt by it from the Company of the funds and property in such special account and before crediting to the respective claims of the Trustee, Holders of the Securities and the holders of other indenture securities dividends on claims filed against the Company in bankruptcy or receivership or in proceedings for reorganization pursuant to the Federal Bankruptcy Code or applicable state law, but after crediting thereon receipts on account of the indebtedness represented by their respective claims from all sources other than from such dividends and from the funds and property so held in such special account. As used in this paragraph, with respect to any claim, the term “dividends” shall include any distribution with respect to such claim, in bankruptcy or receivership or in proceedings for reorganization pursuant to the Federal Bankruptcy Code or applicable state law, whether such distribution is made in cash, securities or other property, but shall not include any such distribution with respect to the secured portion, if any, of such claim. The court in which such bankruptcy, receivership or proceeding for reorganization is pending shall have jurisdiction (i) to apportion between the Trustee, the Holders of Securities and the holders of other indenture securities, in accordance with the provisions of this paragraph, the funds and property held in such special account and the proceeds thereof; or (ii) in lieu of such apportionment, in whole or in part, to give to the provisions of this paragraph due consideration in determining the fairness of the distributions to be made to the Trustee, the Holders of Securities and the holders of other indenture securities with respect to their respective claims, in which event it shall not be necessary to liquidate or to appraise the value of any securities or other property held in such special account or as security for any such claim, or to make a specific allocation of such distribution as between the secured and unsecured portions of such claims, or otherwise to apply the provisions of this paragraph as a mathematical formula.

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          Any Trustee who has resigned or been removed after the beginning of such three months’ period shall be subject to the provisions of this Section 7.13(a) as though such resignation or removal had not occurred. If any Trustee has resigned or been removed prior to the beginning of such three months’ period, it shall be subject to the provisions of this Section 7.13(a) if and only if the following conditions exist:
     (i) the receipt of property or reduction of claim which would have given rise to the obligation to account, if such Trustee had continued as trustee, occurred after the beginning of such three months’ period; and
     (ii) such receipt of property or reduction of claim occurred within three months after such resignation or removal.
     (b) There shall be excluded from the operation of this Section a creditor relationship arising from:
     (i) the ownership or acquisition of securities issued under any indenture, or any security or securities having a maturity of one year or more at the time of acquisition by the Trustee;
     (ii) advances authorized by a receivership or bankruptcy court of competent jurisdiction or by this Indenture for the purpose of preserving any property which shall at any time be subject to the lien of this Indenture or of discharging tax liens or other prior liens or encumbrances thereon, if notice of such advance and of the circumstances surrounding the making thereof is given to the Holders of the applicable series of Securities at the time and in the manner provided in this Indenture;
     (iii) disbursements made in the ordinary course of business in the capacity of trustee under an indenture, transfer agent, registrar, custodian, paying agent, fiscal agent or depositary, or other similar capacity;
     (iv) an indebtedness created as a result of services rendered or premises rented or an indebtedness created as a result of goods or securities sold in a cash transaction as defined in Section 7.13(c)(iii);
     (v) the ownership of stock or of some other securities of a corporation organized under the provisions of Section 25(a) of the Federal Reserve Act, as amended, which is directly or indirectly a creditor of the Company; or
     (vi) the acquisition, ownership, acceptance or negotiation of any drafts, bills of exchange, acceptances or obligations which fall within the classification of self-liquidating paper as defined in Section 7.13(c)(iv).
     (c) As used in this Section 7.13:
     (i) the term “ default ” shall mean any failure to make payment in full of the principal of or interest upon any of the Securities of the applicable series or upon the

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other indenture securities when and as such principal or interest becomes due and payable;
     (ii) the term “ other indenture securities ” shall mean securities upon which the Company is an obligor (as defined in the Trust Indenture Act) outstanding under any other indenture (i) under which the Trustee is also trustee, (ii) which contains provisions substantially similar to the provisions of Section 7.13(a), and (iii) under which a default exists at the time of the apportionment of the funds and property held in said special account;
     (iii) the term “ cash transaction ” shall mean any transaction in which full payment for goods or securities sold is made within seven days after delivery of the goods or securities in currency or in checks or other orders drawn upon banks or bankers and payable upon demand;
     (iv) the term “ self-liquidating paper ” shall mean any draft, bill of exchange, acceptance or obligation which is made, drawn, negotiated or incurred by the Company for the purpose of financing the purchase, processing, manufacture, shipment, storage or sale of goods, wares or merchandise and which is secured by documents evidencing title to, possession of, or a lien upon the goods, wares or merchandise or the receivables or proceeds arising from the sale of goods, wares or merchandise previously constituting the security, provided that the security is received by the Trustee simultaneously with the creation of the creditor relationship with the Company arising from the making, drawing, negotiating or incurring of the draft, bill of exchange, acceptance or obligation; and
     (v) the term “ Company ” shall mean any obligor upon the Securities.
     Section 7.14 Authenticating Agent.
     So long as any Securities remain Outstanding, if the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee is not located in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, or otherwise upon a Company Request, there shall be an authenticating agent (the “ Authenticating Agent ”) appointed, for such period as the Company shall elect, by the Trustee to act as its agent on its behalf and subject to its direction in connection with the authentication and delivery of Securities. Securities authenticated by such Authenticating Agent shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all purposes as if authenticated by such Trustee. Wherever reference is made in this Indenture to the authentication and delivery of Securities by the Trustee or to the Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication, such reference shall be deemed to include authentication and delivery on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent and a Certificate of Authentication executed on behalf of such Trustee by such Authenticating Agent. Such Authenticating Agent shall at all times be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America or of any State or of the District of Columbia, authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers, having a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 and subject to supervision or examination by Federal, State or District of Columbia authority. If the Corporate Trust Office

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of the Trustee is not located in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, the Authenticating Agent shall have its principal office and place of business in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York.
          Any corporation into which any Authenticating Agent may be merged or converted, or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which any Authenticating Agent shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to the corporate agency business of any Authenticating Agent, shall continue to be the Authenticating Agent without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of the Trustee or such Authenticating Agent.
          Any Authenticating Agent may at any time, and if it shall cease to be eligible shall, resign by giving written notice of resignation to the Trustee and to the Company. The Trustee may at any time terminate the agency of any Authenticating Agent by giving written notice of termination to such Authenticating Agent and to the Company. Upon receiving such a notice of resignation or upon such a termination, or in case at any time any Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section 7.14, the Trustee shall upon Company Request appoint a successor Authenticating Agent, and the Company shall provide notice of such appointment to all Holders of Securities in the manner and to the extent provided in Section 13.4. Any successor Authenticating Agent upon acceptance of its appointment hereunder shall become vested with all rights, powers, duties and responsibilities of its predecessor hereunder, with like effect as if originally named as Authenticating Agent herein. The Company agrees to pay or to cause to be paid to the Authenticating Agent from time to time reasonable compensation for its services. The Authenticating Agent shall have no responsibility or liability for any action taken by it as such in good faith at the direction of the Trustee.
ARTICLE 8
CONCERNING THE HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
     Section 8.1 Action by Holders.
     Whenever in this Indenture it is provided that the Holders of a specified percentage in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any series may take any action (including the making of any demand or request, the giving of any notice, consent or waiver or the taking of any other action) the fact that at the time of taking any such action the Holders of such specified percentage have joined therein may be evidenced (a) by any instrument or any number of instruments of similar intention executed by Holders in Person or by agent or proxy appointed in writing, or (b) by the record of Holders voting in favor thereof at any meeting of such Holders duly called and held in accordance with the provisions of Article 9, or (c) by a combination of such instrument or instruments and any such record of such a meeting of Holders. The Company may (but shall not be required to) set a record date for purposes of determining the identity of Securityholders entitled to vote or consent to any action by vote or consent authorized or permitted under this Indenture, which record date shall be the later of 10 days prior to the first solicitation of such consent or the date of the most recent list of Holders furnished to the Trustee pursuant to Section 5.1 of this Indenture prior to such solicitation. If a

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record date is fixed, those Persons who were Securityholders at such record date (or their duly designated proxies), and only those Persons, shall be entitled to take such action by vote or consent or to revoke any vote or consent previously given, whether or not such Persons continue to be Holders after such record date.
     Section 8.2 Proof of Execution of Instruments by Holders of Securities.
     Subject to Section 7.1, Section 7.2 and Section 9.5, the execution of any instrument by a Holder of a Security or his agent or proxy may be proved in any reasonable manner that the Trustee deems sufficient, including, without limitation, in the following manner:
          The fact and date of the execution by any such Person of any instrument may be proved by the certificate of any notary public or other officer authorized to take acknowledgments of deeds, that the Person executing such instrument acknowledged to him the execution thereof, or by an affidavit or written statement of a witness to such execution. Where such execution is by an officer of a corporation or association or a member of a partnership on behalf of such corporation, association or partnership, as the case may be, or by any other Person acting in a representative capacity, such certificate, affidavit or written statement shall also constitute sufficient proof of his authority.
          The ownership of Securities shall be proved by the Securities Register or by a certificate of the Securities Registrar.
          The record of any Holders’ meeting shall be proved in the manner provided in Section 9.6.
     Section 8.3 Holders to be Treated as Owners.
     The Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may deem and treat the Person in whose name any Security shall be registered upon the Security Register as the absolute owner of such Security (notwithstanding any notation of ownership or other writing thereon) for the purpose of receiving payment of principal of, and premium, if any, and (subject to Section 3.6 and Section 3.8) interest, if any, on, such Security, and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not such Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be affected by notice to the contrary. All such payments so made to any Holder for the time being, shall be valid, and, to the extent of the sum or sums so paid, effectual to satisfy and discharge the liability for moneys payable upon such Security.
          None of the Company, the Trustee or any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interest of a Global Security, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interest. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any Global Security, nothing herein shall prevent the Company or the Trustee or any agent of the Company or the Trustee from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by any Depository (or

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its nominee), as a Holder, with respect to such Global Security or impair, as between such Depository and owners of beneficial interests in such Global Security, the operation of customary practices governing the exercise of the right of such Depository (or its nominee) as Holder of such Global Security.
     Section 8.4 Securities Owned by Company Deemed Not Outstanding.
     In determining whether the Holders of the requisite aggregate principal amount of Securities of any or all series have concurred in any direction, consent or waiver under this Indenture, Securities which are owned by the Company or any other obligor on the Securities with respect to which such determination is being made or by any Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with the Company or any other obligor on the Securities with respect to which such determination is being made shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding for the purpose of any such determination, except that for the purpose of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such direction, consent or waiver only Securities which the Trustee knows are so owned shall be so disregarded. Securities so owned which have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right so to act with respect to such Securities and that the pledgee is not the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with the Company or any other obligor on the Securities. In case of a dispute as to such right, the advice of counsel shall be full protection in respect of any decision made by the Trustee in accordance with such advice. Upon request of the Trustee, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee promptly an Officer’s Certificate listing and identifying all Securities, if any, known by the Company to be owned or held by or for the account of any of the above-described Persons; and, subject to Section 7.1 and Section 7.2, the Trustee shall be entitled to accept such Officer’s Certificate as conclusive evidence of the facts therein set forth and of the fact that all Securities not listed therein are Outstanding for the purpose of any such determination.
     Section 8.5 Right of Revocation of Action Taken.
     At any time prior to (but not after) the evidencing to the Trustee, as provided in Section 8.1, of the taking of any action by the Holders of the percentage in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any or all series, as the case may be, specified in this Indenture in connection with such action, any Holder of a Security, the number, letter or other distinguishing symbol of which is shown by the evidence to be included in the Securities the Holders of which have consented to such action, may, by filing written notice at the Corporate Trust Office and upon proof of holding as provided in this Article, revoke such action so far as concerns such Security. Except as aforesaid, any such action taken by the Holder of any Security shall be conclusive and binding upon such Holder and upon all future Holders and owners of such Security and of any Securities issued in exchange or substitution therefor, irrespective of whether or not any notation in regard thereto is made upon any such Security or such other Security. Any action taken by the Holders of the percentage in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any or all series, as the case may be, specified in this Indenture in connection

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with such action shall be conclusively binding upon the Company, the Trustee and the Holders of all the Securities affected by such action.
ARTICLE 9
HOLDERS’ MEETINGS
     Section 9.1 Purposes of Meetings.
     A meeting of Holders of Securities of any or all series may be called at any time and from time to time pursuant to the provisions of this Article for any of the following purposes:
     (a) to give any notice to the Company or to the Trustee for the Securities of such series, or to give any directions to the Trustee, or to consent to the waiving of any default hereunder and its consequences, or to take any other action authorized to be taken by Holders pursuant to any of the provisions of Article 6;
     (b) to remove the Trustee and nominate a successor Trustee pursuant to the provisions of Article 7;
     (c) to consent to the execution of an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto pursuant to the provisions of Section 10.2; or
     (d) to take any other action authorized to be taken by or on behalf of the Holders of any specified aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any one or more or all series, as the case may be, under any other provision of this Indenture or under applicable law.
     Section 9.2 Call of Meetings by Trustee.
     The Trustee may at any time call a meeting of Holders of Securities to take any action specified in Section 9.1, to be held at such time and at such place in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, or such other Place of Payment, as the Trustee shall determine. Notice of every meeting of the Holders of Securities, setting forth the time and the place of such meeting, and in general terms the action proposed to be taken at such meeting, shall be given to Holders of Securities of the particular series in the manner and to the extent provided in Section 13.4. Such notice shall be given not less than 20 nor more than 90 days prior to the date fixed for the meeting.
     Section 9.3 Call of Meetings by Company or Holders.
     In case at any time the Company, pursuant to a resolution of its Board of Directors, or the Holders of at least 10% in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any or all series, as the case may be, shall have requested the Trustee to call a meeting of Holders of Securities of any or all series, as the case may be, by written request setting forth in reasonable detail the action proposed to be taken at the meeting, and the Trustee for such series shall not have given the notice of such meeting within 20 days after receipt of such request, then the Company or such Holders may determine the time and the place in the Borough of Manhattan

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or other Place of Payment for such meeting and may call such meeting to take any action authorized in Section 9.1, by giving notice thereof as provided in Section 9.2.
     Section 9.4 Qualifications for Voting.
     To be entitled to vote at any meeting of Holders a Person shall be (a) a Holder of one or more outstanding Securities with respect to which such meeting is being held or (b) a Person appointed by an instrument in writing as proxy by such Holder. The only Persons who shall be entitled to be present or to speak at any meeting of Holders shall be the Persons entitled to vote at such meeting and their counsel and any representatives of the Trustee and its counsel and any representatives of the Company and its counsel.
     Section 9.5 Regulations.
     Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Indenture, the Trustee may make such reasonable regulations as it may deem advisable for any meeting of Holders of the Securities in regard to proof of the holding of Securities and of the appointment of proxies, and in regard to the appointment and duties of inspectors of votes, the submission and examination of proxies, certificates and other evidence of the right to vote, and such other matters concerning the conduct of the meeting as it shall think fit.
          The Trustee shall, by an instrument in writing, appoint a temporary chairman of the meeting, unless the meeting shall have been called by the Company or by Holders of Securities as provided in Section 9.3, in which case the Company or the Holders calling the meeting, as the case may be, shall in like manner appoint a temporary chairman. A permanent chairman and a permanent secretary of the meeting shall be elected by majority vote of the meeting.
          Subject to Section 8.4, at any meeting each Holder of Securities with respect to which such meeting is being held or proxy therefor shall be entitled to one vote for each $1,000 principal amount (in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities, such principal amount to be determined as provided in the definition of “ Outstanding ”) of Securities held or represented by him; provided , however , that no vote shall be cast or counted at any meeting in respect of any such Security challenged as not Outstanding and ruled by the chairman of the meeting to be not Outstanding. The chairman of the meeting shall have no right to vote other than by virtue of Securities held by him or instruments in writing aforesaid duly designating him as the Person to vote on behalf of other Holders. At any meeting of Holders, the presence of Persons holding or representing Securities with respect to which such meeting is being held in an aggregate principal amount sufficient to take action on the business for the transaction of which such meeting was called shall constitute a quorum, but, if less than a quorum is present, the Persons holding or representing a majority in aggregate principal amount of such Securities represented at the meeting may adjourn such meeting with the same effect, for all intents and purposes, as though a quorum had been present. Any meeting of Holders of Securities with respect to which a meeting was duly called pursuant to the provisions of Section 9.2 or Section 9.3 may be adjourned from time to time by Persons holding or representing a majority in aggregate

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principal amount of such Securities represented at the meeting, present, whether or not constituting a quorum, and the meeting may be held as so adjourned without further notice.
     Section 9.6 Voting.
     The vote upon any resolution submitted to any meeting of Holders of Securities with respect to which such meeting is being held shall be by written ballots on which shall be subscribed the signatures of such Holders or of their representatives by proxy and the serial number or numbers of the Securities held or represented by them. The permanent chairman of the meeting shall appoint two inspectors of votes who shall count all votes cast at the meeting for or against any resolution and who shall make and file with the secretary of the meeting their verified written reports in duplicate of all votes cast at the meeting. A record in duplicate of the proceedings of each meeting of holders shall be prepared by the secretary of the meeting and there shall be attached to said record the original reports of the inspectors of votes on any vote by ballot taken thereat and affidavits by one or more Persons having knowledge of the facts setting forth a copy of the notice of the meeting and showing that said notice was mailed as provided in Section 9.2. The record shall show the serial numbers of the Securities voting in favor of or against any resolution. The record shall be signed and verified by the affidavits of the permanent chairman and secretary of the meeting and one of the duplicates shall be delivered to the Company and the other to the Trustee to be preserved by the Trustee.
          Any record so signed and verified shall be conclusive evidence of the matters therein stated.
     Section 9.7 No Delay of Rights by Reason of Meeting.
     Nothing in this Article contained shall be deemed or construed to authorize or permit, by reason of any call of a meeting of Holders or any rights expressly or impliedly conferred hereunder to make such call, any hindrance or delay in the exercise of any right or rights conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders under any of the provisions of this Indenture or of the Securities of any series.
ARTICLE 10
SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES
     Section 10.1 Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Securityholders.
     Without the consent of any Holders of Securities, the Company, when authorized by a resolution of its Board of Directors, and the Trustee may from time to time and at any time enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto (which shall conform to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act as in force at the date of the execution thereof) for one or more of the following purposes:
     (a) to convey, transfer, assign, mortgage or pledge to the Trustee as security for the Securities any property or assets;

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     (b) to evidence the succession of another Person to the Company, or successive successions, and the assumption by the successor Person of the covenants, agreements and obligations of the Company under this Indenture and the Securities, in each case in compliance with the Indenture;
     (c) to add to the covenants of the Company such further covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions as its Board of Directors shall consider to be for the protection of the Holders of any series of Securities or Tranche thereof, or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Company and to make the occurrence and continuance of a default in any such additional covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions an Event of Default permitting the enforcement of all or any of the several remedies provided in this Indenture as herein set forth; provided that in respect of any such additional covenant, restriction, condition or provision such supplemental indenture may provide for a particular period of grace after default (which period may be shorter or longer than that allowed in the case of other defaults) or may provide for an immediate enforcement upon such an Event of Default or may limit the remedies available to the Trustee upon such an Event of Default or may limit the right of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of such series to waive such an Event of Default;
     (d) to cure any ambiguity or to correct or supplement any provision contained herein or in any supplemental indenture which may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision contained herein or in any supplemental indenture; or to make such other provisions in regard to matters or questions arising under this Indenture or under any supplemental indenture as the Board of Directors may deem necessary or desirable and which shall not materially adversely affect the interests of the Holders of any Securities;
     (e) to establish the form or terms of Securities of any series as permitted by Section 3.1;
     (f) to provide for the issuance under this Indenture of Securities in coupon form (including Securities registrable as to principal only), to provide for interchangeability thereof with Securities in registered form of the same series and to make all appropriate changes for such purpose, or to permit or facilitate the issuance of Securities of any series in uncertificated form provided any such action shall not adversely affect the interests of the Holders of Outstanding Securities of any series in any material respect;
     (g) to add to, delete from or revise the conditions, limitations and restrictions on the authorized amount, terms or purposes of issue, authentication and delivery of Securities, as herein set forth;
     (h) to add any additional Events of Default with respect to all or any series of Securities (as shall be specified in such supplemental indenture);
     (i) to supplement any of the provisions of this Indenture to such extent as shall be necessary to permit or facilitate the defeasance and discharge of any series of Securities pursuant to Article 12, provided that any such action shall not adversely affect the interests of

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any Holder of an Outstanding Security of such series or any other Outstanding Security in any material respect;
     (j) to make provisions with respect to conversion or exchange rights of Holders of Securities of any series;
     (k) to provide for the issuance under this Indenture of Securities denominated or payable in currency other than Dollars and to make all appropriate changes for such purpose;
     (l) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor trustee with respect to the Securities, pursuant to Section 7.11, or to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee;
     (m) to modify any restrictions on and procedures for resales of Securities of any series that is not registered pursuant to the Securities Act to reflect any change in applicable law or regulation (or the interpretation thereof) or in practices relating to the resale or transfer of restricted securities generally and to modify any legends placed on such Securities to reflect such restrictions and procedures;
     (n) to add to or change or eliminate any provision of this Indenture as shall be necessary or desirable to conform to provisions of the Trust Indenture Act as at the time in effect, provided that such action shall not materially adversely affect the interests of the Holders of the Securities of any series; and
     (o) otherwise to amend or supplement any of the provisions of this Indenture or in any supplemental indenture; provided , however , that no such amendment or supplement shall materially adversely affect the interests of the Holders of any Securities then Outstanding.
     The Trustee is hereby authorized to join with the Company in the execution of any such supplemental indenture, to make any further appropriate agreements and stipulations, which may be therein contained and to accept the conveyance, transfer, assignment, mortgage or pledge of any property thereunder, but the Trustee shall not be obligated to enter into any such supplemental indenture which affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.
     Any supplemental indenture authorized by the provisions of this Section may be executed without the consent of the Holders of any of the Securities at the time Outstanding, notwithstanding any of the provisions of Section 10.2.
     Section 10.2 Supplemental Indentures With Consent of Securityholders.
     With the consent (evidenced as provided in Article 8) of the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities at the time Outstanding of all series affected by such supplemental indenture (voting as one class), the Company, when authorized by a resolution of its Board of Directors, and the Trustee may, from time to time and at any

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time, enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto (which shall conform to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act as in force at the date of execution thereof) for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of any supplemental indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders of the Securities of each such series; provided that no such supplemental indenture shall (a) change the Stated Maturity of the principal of, or any premium or installment of interest on or any Additional Amounts with respect to, any Security of such series, or reduce the principal amount thereof (or modify the calculation of such principal amount) or rate of interest thereon or any Additional Amounts with respect thereto (or modify the calculation of such rate), or any premium payable on redemption thereof or otherwise, or reduce the amount of the principal of an Original Issue Discount Security that would be due and payable upon an acceleration with respect thereto pursuant to Section 6.1 or the amount thereof provable in bankruptcy pursuant to Section 6.2, or change the obligation of the Company to pay Additional Amounts pursuant to Section 4.4 (except as contemplated by Section 11.1 and permitted by Section 10.1), or change the redemption provisions or, following the occurrence of any event that would entitle a holder to require the Company to redeem or repurchase the Securities at the option of the Holder, adversely affect the right of redemption on repurchase at the option of such Holder, or change the Place of Payment, currency in which the principal of, any premium or interest on, or any Additional Amounts with respect to any security is payable, or impair or adversely affect the right of any Securityholder to institute suit for the payment thereof or, if the Securities provide therefor, any right of repayment at the option of the Securityholder, without the consent of the Holder of each Security of such series so affected; or (b) reduce the aforesaid percentage of the principal amount of Securities Outstanding of such series, the consent of the Holders of which is required for any such supplemental indenture or any waiver of any obligations of the Company under this Indenture, without the consent of the Holders of each Security of such series so affected, or reduce the requirements for quorum on voting; or (c) modify any of the provisions of this Section, Section 6.10 or Section 4.9, except to increase any such percentage or to provide that certain other provisions of this Indenture cannot be modified without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security thereby.
     Upon the request of the Company, accompanied by a Board Resolution authorizing the execution of any such supplemental indenture, and upon the filing with the Trustee of evidence of the consent of Securityholders as aforesaid and other documents, if any, required by Section 8.1, the Trustee shall join with the Company in the execution of such supplemental indenture unless such supplemental indenture affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise, in which case the Trustee may in its discretion, but shall not be obligated to, enter into such supplemental indenture.
     It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Securityholders under this Section to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it shall be sufficient if such consent shall approve the substance thereof.
     A supplemental indenture which changes or eliminates any covenant or other provision of this Indenture which has expressly been included solely for the benefit of one or more particular series of Securities, or which modifies the rights of the Holders of Securities of such

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series with respect to such covenant or other provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights under this Indenture of the Holders of Securities of any other series.
     Section 10.3 Notice of Supplemental Indenture.
     Promptly after the execution by the Company and the Trustee of any supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of Section 10.2, the Company shall mail a notice thereof by first-class mail to the Holders of Securities of each series affected thereby at their addresses as they shall appear on the Security Register, setting forth in general terms the substance of such supplemental indenture. Any failure of the Company to mail such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such supplemental indenture.
     Section 10.4 Effect of Supplemental Indenture.
     Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Article, this Indenture shall be and be deemed to be modified and amended in accordance therewith, but only with regard to the Securities of each series affected by such supplemental indenture, and the respective rights, limitations of rights, obligations, duties and immunities under this Indenture of the Trustee, the Company and the Holders of any Securities of such series affected thereby shall thereafter be determined, exercised and enforced hereunder subject in all respects to such modifications and amendments, and all the terms and conditions of any such supplemental indenture shall be and be deemed to be part of the terms and conditions of this Indenture for any and all purposes with regard to the Securities of such series.
     Section 10.5 Documents To Be Given to Trustee.
     The Trustee, subject to the provisions of Section 7.1 and Section 7.2, shall be provided with an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel as conclusive evidence that any supplemental indenture executed pursuant to this Article complies with the applicable provisions of this Indenture and is authorized or permitted by this Indenture.
     Section 10.6 Notation on Securities in Respect of Supplemental Indentures.
     Securities of any series affected by any supplemental indenture which are authenticated and delivered after the execution of such supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions of this Article may bear a notation in form approved by the Company and the Trustee as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Company shall so determine, new Securities of any series so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Company, to any modification of this Indenture contained in any such supplemental indenture may be prepared by the Company, authenticated by the Trustee and delivered in exchange for the Securities of such series then Outstanding.

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ARTICLE 11
CONSOLIDATION, AMALGAMATION, MERGER OR SALE
     Section 11.1 Company May Consolidate, Etc., Only on Certain Terms.
     Unless otherwise provided in the Board Resolution or supplemental indenture pursuant to Section 3.1 establishing the terms of a particular series of Securities, so long as any Security remains Outstanding, the Company shall not consolidate or amalgamate with or merge into any other corporation or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially as an entirety to any Person unless:
(1) the corporation formed by such consolidation or amalgamation or into which the Company is merged, or the Person which acquires, leases or is the transferee of or recipient of the conveyance or transfer, of substantially all of the properties and assets of the Company as an entirety shall
     (a) be a corporation or other Person organized and validity existing under the laws of the United States, the United Kingdom or any other country that is a member of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (as the same may be constituted from time to time); and
     (b) expressly assume, unless the foregoing occurs by operation of law, by an indenture supplemental hereto, executed and delivered to the Trustee for each series of Securities, in form reasonably satisfactory to each such Trustee, with any amendments or revisions necessary to take account of the jurisdiction in which any such corporation or Person is organized (if other than England and Wales),
     (i) the due and punctual payment of the principal of (and premium, if any, on) and interest, if any, on, and any sinking fund payment in respect of, all of the Securities,
     (ii) the performance of every covenant of this Indenture (other than a covenant included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of Securities of a series other than the Securities of such series) and of all the Securities on the part of the Company to be performed,
     (iii) such assumption shall provide that such corporation or Person shall pay to the Holder of any Securities such Additional Amounts as may be necessary in order that every net payment of the principal of (and premium, if any, on) and interest, if any, on such Securities will not be less than the amounts provided for in the Securities to be then due and payable, and
     (iv) with respect to (iii) above such obligation shall extend to any deduction or withholding for or on account of any present or future tax, assessment or governmental charge imposed upon such payment by the United Kingdom or the country in which any such corporation or Person is organized or resident for tax purposes or any district, municipality or other political subdivision or taxing authority thereof (subject to the limitations set forth in Section 4.4 in respect of the payment of Additional Amounts as applied to such country);

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(2) immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no Event of Default with respect to any series of Securities, and no event which, after notice or lapse of time or both, would become an Event of Default with respect to any series of Securities, shall have occurred and be continuing.
     Section 11.2 Opinion of Counsel.
     Either the Company or the successor Person shall deliver to the Trustee prior to the proposed transaction(s) covered by Section 11.1 an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that the transaction(s) and such supplemental indenture are authorized and permitted by this Indenture and that all conditions precedent to the consummation of the transaction(s) under this Indenture have been met.
     Section 11.3 Successor Person Substituted.
     Upon any consolidation, amalgamation by the Company with or merger of the Company into any other Person or any conveyance, lease or transfer of all or substantially all of the property and assets of the Company in accordance with Section 11.1, the successor Person formed by such consolidation or amalgamation or into which the Company is merged or the successor Person or affiliated group of Persons to which such conveyance, assignment, or transfer or with which such lease is made shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor Person or Persons had been named as the Company herein, and thereafter, except in the case of a lease, the predecessor Person or Persons shall be relieved of all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the Securities and in the event of such conveyance or transfer, except in the case of a lease, any such predecessor Person may be dissolved and liquidated.
ARTICLE 12
SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE,
UNCLAIMED MONEYS
     Section 12.1 Satisfaction and Discharge of Securities of Any Series.
     The Company shall be deemed to have satisfied and discharged this Indenture with respect to the entire indebtedness on all the Outstanding Securities of any particular series, and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company and upon Company Request, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging such satisfaction and discharge, when
     (a) either:
     (i) all Outstanding Securities of such series theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than (i) any Securities of such series which have been destroyed, lost or stolen and which have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 3.7 and (ii) Outstanding Securities of such series for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Company and thereafter repaid

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to the Company or discharged from such trust, as provided in Section 12.3) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or
     (ii) all Outstanding Securities of such series described in sub-clause (i) above (other than the Securities referred to in the parenthetical phrase thereof) not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation:
  (x)   have become due and payable;
 
  (y)   will become due and payable at their Stated Maturity within one year; or
 
  (z)   if redeemable at the option of the Company or pursuant to the operation of a sinking fund, are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company; and
(A) the Company has irrevocably deposited or caused to be irrevocably deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust an amount (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 3.1 for the Securities of such series) sufficient to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on all such Outstanding Securities of such series, not therefore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, including the principal of, any premium and interest on, and any Additional Amounts with respect to such Securities (based upon applicable law as in effect on the date of such deposit), to the date of such deposit (in the case of Securities which have become due and payable) or to the Maturity thereof, as the case may be;
(B) the Company has irrevocably deposited or caused to be irrevocably deposited with the Trustee as obligations in trust such amount of Government Obligations as will, in a written opinion of independent public accountants delivered to the Trustee, together with the predetermined and certain income to accrue thereon (without consideration of any reinvestment thereof), be sufficient to pay and discharge when due the entire indebtedness on all such Outstanding Securities of such series for unpaid principal (and premium, if any), interest on, and any Additional Amounts to the date of such deposit (in the case of Securities which have become due and payable) or Maturity thereof, as the case may be;
     (b) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable with respect to the Outstanding Securities of such series including all fees due to the Trustee under Section 7.6;
     (c) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to the due satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect to the entire indebtedness on all Outstanding Securities of any such series have been complied with; and

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     (d) if the Securities of such series are not to become due and payable at their Stated Maturity within one year of the date of such deposit or are not to be called for redemption within one year of the date of such deposit under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee as of the date of such deposit, then the Company shall have given, not later than the date of such deposit, notice of such deposit to the Holders of the Securities of such series.
     Upon the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in this Section 12.1 with respect to all the Outstanding Securities of any series, the terms and conditions with respect thereto set forth in this Indenture shall no longer be binding upon, or applicable to, the Company; provided , however , that the Company shall not be discharged from (a) any obligations under Section 7.6 and Section 7.10 and (b) any obligations under Section 3.6, Section 3.7, Section 5.1 and Section 12.3 and (c) any obligations under Section 4.4, with respect to the payment of any Additional Amounts, if any, (but only to the extent that the Additional Amounts payable with respect to any Outstanding Securities of such series exceed the amount deposited in respect of such Additional Amounts pursuant to Section 12.1(a)(ii)); and provided , further , that in the event a petition for relief under the Federal Bankruptcy Code or a successor statute is filed with respect to the Company within 91 days after the deposit, this Indenture with respect to the entire indebtedness on all Securities of such series shall not be discharged, and in such event the Trustee shall return such deposited funds or obligations as it is then holding to the Company upon Company Request.
     Section 12.2 Defeasance and Covenant Defeasance.
     (a) Unless pursuant to Section 3.1, either or both of (i) defeasance of the Securities of or within a series under clause (b) of this Section 12.2 shall not be applicable with respect to the Securities of such series or (ii) covenant defeasance of the Securities of or within a series under clause (c) of this Section 12.2 shall not be applicable with respect to the Securities of such series, then such provisions, together with the other provisions of this Section 12.2 (with such modifications thereto as may be specified pursuant to Section 3.1 with respect to any Securities), shall be applicable to such Securities and the Company may at its option by Board Resolution, at any time, with respect to such Securities, elect to have Section 12.2(b) or Section 12.2(c) be applied to such Outstanding Securities upon compliance with the conditions set forth below in this Section 12.2.
     (b) Upon the Company’s exercise of the above option applicable to this Section 12.2(b) with respect to any Securities of or within a series, the Company shall be deemed to have been discharged from its obligations with respect to such Outstanding Securities on the date the conditions set forth in clause (d) of this Section 12.2 are satisfied (hereinafter, “defeasance”). For this purpose, such defeasance means that the Company shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness represented by such Outstanding Securities which shall thereafter be deemed to be “Outstanding” only for the purposes of clause (c) of this Section 12.2 and the other Sections of this Indenture referred to in clauses (i) and (ii) below, and to have satisfied all of its other obligations under such Securities and this Indenture insofar as such Securities are concerned (and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging the same), except for the following which shall survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder: (i) the rights of Holders of such Outstanding

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Securities to receive, solely from the trust fund described in clause (d) of this Section 12.2 and as more fully set forth in such clause, payments in respect of the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on, and Additional Amounts, if any, with respect to, such Securities when such payments are due, and any rights of such Holder to convert such Securities into Common Stock of the Company or exchange such Securities for other securities; (ii) the obligations of the Company and the Trustee with respect to such Securities under Sections 3.6, 3.7, 4.2, 4.3 and 12.3 and with respect to the payment of Additional Amounts, if any, on such Securities as contemplated by Section 4.4 (but only to the extent that the Additional Amounts payable with respect to such Securities exceed the amount deposited in respect of such Additional Amounts pursuant to Section 12.2(d)(i) below), and with respect to any rights to convert such Securities into Common Stock of the Company or exchange such Securities for other securities; (iii) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder including, without limitation, the compensation, reimbursement and indemnities provided in Section 7.6 herein; and (iv) this Section 12.2. The Company may exercise its option under this Section 12.2(b) notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option under clause (c) of this Section 12.2 with respect to such Securities.
     (c) Upon the Company’s exercise of the option to have this Section 12.2(c) apply with respect to any Securities of or within a series, the Company shall be released from its obligations in respect of any other covenant applicable to such Securities, with respect to such Outstanding Securities on and after the date the conditions set forth in clause (d) of this Section 12.2 are satisfied (hereinafter, “covenant defeasance”), and such Securities shall thereafter be deemed to be not “Outstanding” for the purposes of any direction, waiver, consent or declaration or Act of Holders (and the consequences of any thereof) in connection with any such covenant or obligation, but shall continue to be deemed “Outstanding” for all other purposes hereunder. For this purpose, such covenant defeasance means that, with respect to such Outstanding Securities, the Company may omit to comply with, and shall have no liability in respect of, any term, condition or limitation set forth in any such Section or such other covenant or obligation, whether directly or indirectly, by reason of any reference elsewhere herein to any such Section or such other covenant or obligation or by reason of reference in any such Section or such other covenant to any other provision herein or in any other document and such omission to comply shall not constitute a default or an Event of Default under Section 6.1 but, except as specified above, the remainder of this Indenture and such Securities shall be unaffected thereby.
     (d) The following shall be the conditions to application of clause (b) or (c) of this Section 12.2 to any Outstanding Securities of or within a series:
     (i) The Company shall irrevocably have deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee (or another trustee satisfying the requirements of Section 7.8 who shall agree to comply with the provisions of this Section 12.2 applicable to it) as trust funds in trust for the purpose of making the following payments, specifically pledged as security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the Holders of such Securities, (1) an amount in Dollars or in such Foreign Currency in which such Securities are then specified as payable at Stated Maturity, or (2) Government Obligations applicable to

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such Securities (determined on the basis of the Currency in which such Securities are then specified as payable at Stated Maturity) which through the scheduled payment of principal and interest in respect thereof in accordance with their terms will provide, not later than one day before the due date of any payment with respect to such Securities, money in an amount, or (3) a combination thereof, in any case, in an amount, sufficient, without consideration of any reinvestment of such principal and interest, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge, and which shall be applied by the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee) to pay and discharge, (y) the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on, and any Additional Amounts with respect to such Securities (based upon applicable law as in effect on the date of such deposit), such Outstanding Securities at the Stated Maturity or Redemption Date of such principal or installment of principal or premium or interest and (z) any mandatory sinking fund payments or analogous payments applicable to such Outstanding Securities on the days on which such payments are due and payable in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and of such Securities and, if applicable, shall have made irrevocable arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the redemption of any Securities to be redeemed at the option of the Company in connection with such deposit.
     (ii) No Event of Default or event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become an Event of Default with respect to such Securities shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit (after giving effect thereto) and, with respect to defeasance only, no event described in Section 6.1(e), (f) (g) or (h) at any time during the period ending on the 91st day after the date of such deposit (it being understood that this condition shall not be deemed satisfied until the expiration of such period).
     (iii) Such defeasance or covenant defeasance shall not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any material agreement or instrument (other than this Indenture) to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound.
     (iv) In the case of an election under clause (b) of this Section 12.2 for which the Place of Payment is within the United States, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel stating that (i) the Company has received from the Internal Revenue Service a letter ruling, or there has been published by the Internal Revenue Service a Revenue Ruling, or (ii) since the date of execution of this Indenture, there has been a change in the applicable Federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such opinion shall confirm that, the Holders of such Outstanding Securities will not recognize income, gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of such defeasance and will be subject to Federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such defeasance had not occurred.
     (v) In the case of an election under clause (c) of this Section 12.2 with respect to Requested Securities and for which the Place of Payment is within the United States, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the

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effect that the Holders of such Outstanding Securities will not recognize income, gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of such covenant defeasance and will be subject to Federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such covenant defeasance had not occurred.
     (vi) With respect to defeasance only, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate as to solvency and the absence of any intent of preferring the Holders over any other creditors of the Company.
     (vii) The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent to the defeasance or covenant defeasance under clause (b) or (c) of this Section 12.2 (as the case may be) have been complied with.
     (viii) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Section 12.2(d), such defeasance or covenant defeasance shall be effected in compliance with any additional or substitute terms, conditions or limitations which may be imposed on the Company in connection therewith pursuant to Section 3.1.
     (e) Unless otherwise specified in or pursuant to this Indenture, if, after a deposit referred to in Section 12.2(d)(i) has been made, (i) the Holder of a Security in respect of which such deposit was made is entitled to, and does, elect pursuant to Section 3.1 or the terms of such Security to receive payment in a Currency other than that in which the deposit pursuant to Section 12.2(d)(i) has been made in respect of such Security, or (ii) a Conversion Event occurs in respect of the Foreign Currency in which the deposit pursuant to Section 12.2(d)(i) has been made, the indebtedness represented by such Security shall be deemed to have been, and will be, fully discharged and satisfied through the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any), and interest, if any, on, and Additional Amounts, if any, with respect to, such Security as the same becomes due out of the proceeds yielded by converting (from time to time as specified below in the case of any such election) the amount or other property deposited in respect of such Security into the Currency in which such Security becomes payable as a result of such election or Conversion Event based on (x) in the case of payments made pursuant to clause (i) above, the applicable market exchange rate for such Currency in effect on the second Business Day prior to each payment date, or (y) with respect to a Conversion Event, the applicable market exchange rate for such Foreign Currency in effect (as nearly as feasible) at the time of the Conversion Event.
          The Company shall pay and indemnify the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee, collectively for purposes of this Section 12.2(d) and Section 12.3, the “ Trustee ”) against any tax, fee or other charge, imposed on or assessed against the Government Obligations deposited pursuant to this Section 12.2 or the principal or interest received in respect thereof other than any such tax, fee or other charge which by law is for the account of the Holders of such Outstanding Securities.
          Anything in this Section 12.2 to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Company from time to time upon Company Request any money or

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Government Obligations (or other property and any proceeds therefrom) held by it as provided in clause (d) of this Section 12.2 which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, are in excess of the amount thereof which would then be required to be deposited to effect a defeasance or covenant defeasance, as applicable, in accordance with this Section 12.2.
     Section 12.3 Application of Trust Money.
     All money and obligations deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 12.1 or 12.2 shall be held irrevocably in trust and shall be made under the terms of an escrow trust agreement in form and substance satisfactory to the Company and the Trustee. Such money and obligations shall be applied by the Trustee, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities, this Indenture and such escrow trust agreement, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Persons entitled thereto, of the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on the Securities for the payment of which such money and obligations have been deposited with the Trustee. If Securities of any series are to be redeemed prior to their Stated Maturity, whether pursuant to any optional redemption provisions or in accordance with any mandatory or optional sinking fund requirement, the Company shall give the required notice of redemption or shall make such arrangements as are satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company.
     Section 12.4 Repayment of Moneys Held by Paying Agent.
     In connection with the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect to Securities of any series, all moneys with respect to such series then held by any Paying Agent (and not required for such satisfaction and discharge) shall, upon receipt of a Company Request for the same, be repaid to it or paid to the Trustee and thereupon such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such moneys.
     Section 12.5 Return of Unclaimed Moneys Held by Trustee and Paying Agent.
     Any moneys deposited with or paid to the Trustee or any Paying Agent for the payment of the principal of, or premium, if any, or interest, if any, on, Securities of any series and which shall not be applied but shall remain unclaimed by the Holders of Securities of such series for two years after the date upon which such payment shall have become due and payable, shall be repaid to the Company by the Trustee on demand; and the Holder of any of such Securities entitled to receive such payment shall thereafter look only to the Company for the payment thereof; provided , however , that the Company or the Trustee, before making any such repayment, shall at the expense of the Company cause to be published once a week for two successive weeks (in each case on any day of the week) in an Authorized Newspaper, or mail to each Holder, or both, a notice that said moneys have not been so applied and that after a date named therein any unclaimed balance of said moneys then remaining will be returned to the Company.

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          If the Trustee or Paying Agent is unable to apply any money in accordance with Section 12.3 by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, then the Company’s obligations under this Indenture and the Securities shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to Section 12.1 or Section 12.2 until such time as the Trustee or Paying Agent is permitted to apply all such money in accordance with Section 12.3; provided , however , that if the Company makes any payment of interest on or principal of, or any Additional Amounts, with respect to any Security following the reinstatement of its obligations, the Company shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Securities to receive such payment from the money held by the Trustee or Paying Agent.
ARTICLE 13
MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
     Section 13.1 Incorporators, Stockholders, Officers and Directors of Company Exempt from Individual Liability.
     No recourse under or upon any obligation, covenant or agreement contained in this Indenture, or in any Security, or for any claim based thereon or otherwise in respect thereof, or because of any indebtedness evidenced thereby, shall be had against any incorporator, as such, or against any past, present or future stockholder, officer or director, as such, of the Company or of any successor, either directly or through the Company or any successor, under any rule of law, statute or constitutional provision or by the enforcement of any assessment or by any legal or equitable proceeding or otherwise it being expressly understood that this Indenture and the obligations issued hereunder are solely corporate obligations, and that no such personal liability whatever shall attach to, or is or shall be incurred by, the incorporators, shareholders, officers or directors, as such, of the Company, or any of them, because of the creation of the indebtedness hereby authorized, or under or by reason of the obligations, covenants or agreements contained in this Indenture or in any Security or implied therefrom; and that any and all such personal liability of every name and nature, either at common law or in equity or by constitution or statute, of, and any and all such rights and claims against, every such incorporator, shareholder, officer or director, as such, because of the creation of the indebtedness hereby authorized, or under or by reason of the obligations, covenants or agreements contained in this Indenture or in any Security or implied therefrom, are hereby expressly waived and released as a condition of, and as a consideration for, the execution of this Indenture and the issuance of such Security.
     Section 13.2 Provisions of Indenture for the Sole Benefit of Parties and Securityholders.
     Nothing in this Indenture or in the Securities, expressed or implied, shall give or be construed to give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and their successors and the Holders of the Securities, any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Indenture or under any covenant or provision herein contained, all such covenants and provisions being for the sole benefit of the parties hereto and their successors and the Holders of the Securities.

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     Section 13.3 Successors and Assigns of Company Bound by Indenture.
     All the covenants, stipulations, promises and agreements in this Indenture contained by or on behalf of the Company shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not.
     Section 13.4 Notices to Holders; Waiver.
     Where this Indenture provides for notice to Holders of any event, such notice shall be sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if in writing and mailed by first-class mail, postage prepaid, to such Holders as their names and addresses appear on the Securities Register within the time prescribed.
     Where this Indenture provides for notice in any manner, such notice may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice, either before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Trustee, but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in reliance on such waiver. In any case where notice to Holders is given by mail, neither the failure to mail such notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed to any particular Holder, shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to other Holders, and any notice which is mailed in the manner herein provided shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given. In the case by reason of the suspension of regular mail service or by reason of any other cause it shall be impracticable to give such notice by mail, then such notification as shall be made with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute a sufficient notification for every purpose hereunder. In case by reason of the suspension of publication of any Authorized Newspapers or by reason of any other cause it shall be impracticable to publish any notice to Holders otherwise required or permitted under this Indenture, then such notification as shall be given with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute sufficient notice to such Holders for every purpose hereunder.
     Section 13.5 Addresses for Notices.
     Any notice or demand which by any provision of this Indenture is required or permitted to be given or served by the Trustee or by the Holders of Securities of any series on the Company may be given or served by registered mail addressed (until another address is filed by the Company with the Trustee) as follows: National Grid plc, 1-3 Strand, London, WC2N 5EH, England; Attention: Treasurer. Any notice, direction, request or demand by the Company or any Holders of Securities of any series to or upon the Trustee shall be deemed to have been sufficiently given or made, for all purposes, if received at the Corporate Trust Office of such Trustee.
     Section 13.6 Officer’s Certificates and Opinions of Counsel; Statements to Be Contained Therein.
     Upon any application or demand by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under any of the provisions of this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate stating that all conditions precedent (including any covenants compliance

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with which constitutes a condition precedent), if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with and an Opinion of Counsel stating that in the opinion of such counsel all such conditions precedent (including any covenants compliance with which constitutes a condition precedent), if any, have been complied with, except that in the case of any such application or demand as to which the furnishing of such documents is specifically required by any provision of this Indenture relating to such particular application or demand, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished.
          Each certificate or opinion provided for in this Indenture (other than annual certificates provided pursuant to Section 4.10) and delivered to the Trustee with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture shall include (a) a statement that the Person making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition, (b) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based, (c) a statement that, in the opinion of such Person, he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with and (d) a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such Person, such condition or covenant has been complied with.
          Any certificate, statement or opinion of an officer of the Company may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of or representations by counsel, unless such officer knows that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to the matters upon which his certificate, statement or opinion may be based as aforesaid are erroneous, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know that the same are erroneous. Any certificate, statement or opinion of counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, information with respect to which is in the possession of the Company, upon the certificate, statement or opinion of or representations by an officer or officers of the Company, unless such counsel knows that the certificate, statement or opinion or representations with respect to the matters upon which his certificate, statement or opinion may be based as aforesaid are erroneous, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know that the same are erroneous.
          Any certificate, statement or opinion of an officer of the Company or of counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to accounting matters, upon a certificate or opinion of or representations by an accountant or firm of accountants in the employ of the Company, unless such officer or counsel, as the case may be, knows that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to the accounting matters upon which his certificate, statement or opinion may be based as aforesaid are erroneous, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know that the same are erroneous.
          Any certificate or opinion of any independent firm of public accountants filed with the Trustee shall contain a statement that such firm is independent.

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     Section 13.7 Separability Clause.
     In case any provision of this Indenture or of the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.
     Section 13.8 Legal Holidays.
     In any case where any Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date or Stated Maturity of any Security shall not be a Business Day in any Place of Payment, then (notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture or of the Securities, other than a provision in Securities of any series, or any Tranche thereof, or in the indenture supplemental hereto, Board Resolution or Officer’s Certificate that establishes the terms of the Securities of such series or Tranche, which specifically states that such provision shall apply in lieu of this Section) payment of interest or principal and premium, if any, need not be made at such Place of Payment on such date, but may be made on the next succeeding Business Day at such Place of Payment with the same force and effect as if made on the Interest Payment Date or Redemption Date, or at the Stated Maturity, and, if such payment is made or duly provided for on such Business Day, no interest shall accrue on the amount so payable for the period from and after such Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date or Stated Maturity, as the case may be, to such Business Day.
     Section 13.9 Conflict of Any Provision of Indenture with Trust Indenture Act.
     If and to the extent that any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies or conflicts with a provision of the Trust Indenture Act that is required under such Act to be a part of and govern this Indenture, the latter provision shall control. If any provision of this Indenture modifies or excludes any provision of the Trust Indenture Act that may be so modified or excluded, the former provision shall control.
     Section 13.10 Governing Law.
     This Indenture and each Security shall be deemed to be a contract governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York applicable to agreements made or instruments entered into and, in each case, performed in said state.
     Section 13.11 Judgment Currency.
     The Company agrees, to the fullest extent that it may effectively do so under applicable law, that (a) if for the purpose of obtaining judgment in any court it is necessary to convert the sum due in respect of the principal of, or premium or interest, if any, or Additional Amounts on the Securities of any series (the “ Required Currency ”) into a currency in which a judgment will be rendered (the “ Judgment Currency ”), the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the Trustee could purchase in the City of New York the requisite amount of the Required Currency with the Judgment Currency on the New York Banking Day preceding the day on which a final unappealable judgment is given and (b) its obligations under this Indenture to make payments in the Required Currency (i) shall not

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be discharged or satisfied by any tender, or any recovery pursuant to any judgment (whether or not entered in accordance with clause (a)), in any currency other than the Required Currency, except to the extent that such tender or recovery shall result in the actual receipt, by the payee, of the full amount of the Required Currency expressed to be payable in respect of such payments, (ii) shall be enforceable as an alternative or additional cause of action for the purpose of recovering in the Required Currency the amount, if any, by which such actual receipt shall fall short of the full amount of the Required Currency so expressed to be payable and (iii) shall not be affected by judgment being obtained for any other sum due under this Indenture. For purposes of the foregoing, “ New York Banking Day ” means any day except a Saturday, Sunday or a legal holiday in The City of New York or a day on which banking institutions in The City of New York are authorized or obligated by law, regulation or executive order to be closed.
     Section 13.12 No Security Interest Created .
     Subject to the provisions of Section 4.6, nothing in this Indenture or in any Securities, express or implied, shall be construed to constitute a security interest under the Uniform Commercial Code or similar legislation, as now or hereafter enacted and in effect in any jurisdiction where property of the Company or its Subsidiaries is or may be located.
     Section 13.13 Submission to Jurisdiction .
     The Company agrees that any judicial proceedings instituted in relation to any matter arising under this Indenture, the Securities appertaining thereto may be brought in any United States Federal or New York State court sitting in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, New York to the extent that such court has subject matter jurisdiction over the controversy, and, by execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company hereby irrevocably accepts, generally and unconditionally, the jurisdiction of the aforesaid courts, acknowledges their competence and irrevocably agrees to be bound by any judgment rendered in such proceeding. The Company also irrevocably and unconditionally waives for the benefit of the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities any immunity from jurisdiction and any immunity from legal process (whether through service or notice, attachment prior to judgment, attachment in the aid of execution, execution or otherwise) in respect of this Indenture. The Company hereby irrevocably designates and appoints for the benefit of the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities for the term of this Indenture CT Corporation System, located at 111 Eighth Avenue, New York, New York 10011, as its agent to receive on its behalf service of all process (with a copy of all such service of process to be delivered to National Grid plc., 1-3 Strand, London, WC2N 5EH, England; Attention: Treasurer) brought against it with respect to any such proceeding in any such court in The City of New York, such service being hereby acknowledged by the Company to be effective and binding service on it in every respect whether or not the Company shall then be doing or shall have at any time done business in New York. Such appointment shall be irrevocable so long as any of the Securities or the obligations of the Company hereunder remain outstanding until the appointment of a successor by the Company and such successor’s acceptance of such appointment. Upon such acceptance, the Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the name and address of such successor. The Company further agrees for the benefit of the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities to take any and all action, including the execution and filing of any and all such documents and

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instruments, as its agent in full force and effect so long as any of the Securities or the obligations of the Company hereunder shall be outstanding. The Trustee shall not be obligated and shall have no responsibility with respect to any failure by the Company to take any such action. Nothing herein shall affect the right to serve process in any other manner permitted by any law or limit the right of the Trustee or any Holder to institute proceedings against the Company in the courts of any other jurisdiction or jurisdictions.
     Section 13.14 Counterparts.
     This Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts, and on separate counterparts, each of which shall be an original; but such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.
     Section 13.15 Effect of Headings.
     The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and shall not affect the interpretation hereof.
ARTICLE 14
REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES
     Section 14.1 Applicability of Article.
     The provisions of this Article shall be applicable to the Securities of any series which are redeemable before their Stated Maturity except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.1 for Securities of such series.
     Section 14.2 Notice of Redemption; Selection of Securities.
     In case the Company shall desire to exercise the right to redeem all or, as the case may be, any part of the Securities of any series in accordance with their terms, it shall fix a Redemption Date and shall provide notice of such redemption at least 45 days prior to such Redemption Date to the Trustee and at least 30 days but no more than 60 days prior to such Redemption Date to the Holders of Securities of such series so to be redeemed as a whole or in part in the manner provided in Section 13.4, unless a different period is specified in the Securities to be redeemed. The notice provided in the manner herein specified shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given, whether or not the Holder receives such notice. In any case, failure to give such notice or any defect in the notice to the Holder of any Security of a series designated for redemption as a whole or in part shall not affect the validity of the proceedings for the redemption of any other Security of such series.
          Each such notice of redemption shall specify the Redemption Date, the record date, Redemption Price, the CUSIP, Common Code, ISIN or other comparable number, the Place or Places of Payment, that the Securities of such series are being redeemed at the option of the Company pursuant to provisions contained in the terms of the Securities of such series or in a supplemental indenture establishing such series, if such be the case, together with a brief

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statement of the facts permitting such redemption, that payment will be made upon presentation and surrender of the applicable Securities at the Place or Places of Payment, that the Redemption Price together with any interest accrued and Additional Amounts to the Redemption Date will be paid as specified in said notice, and that on and after said Redemption Date any interest thereon or on the portions thereof to be redeemed will cease to accrue, and any information that is required to be included therein by the Depository.
          If fewer than all the Securities of any series are to be redeemed the notice of redemption shall specify the numbers of the Securities of such series to be redeemed. In case any Security of any series is to be redeemed in part only, the notice of redemption shall state the portion of the principal amount thereof to be redeemed and shall state that on and after the Redemption Date, upon surrender of such Security, a new Security or Securities of such series in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion thereof will be issued, or, in the case of Securities providing appropriate space for such notation, at the option of the Holders the Trustee, in lieu of delivering a new Security or Securities as aforesaid, may make a notation on such Security of the payment of the redeemed portion thereof.
          On or before the Redemption Date with respect to the Securities of any series stated in the notice of redemption given as provided in this Section 14.2, the Company will deposit with the Trustee or with one or more Paying Agents an amount of money (except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.1 for the Securities of such series or if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent, segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 4.3) sufficient to redeem on such Redemption Date all the Securities or portions thereof so called for redemption at the applicable Redemption Price, together with accrued interest on and Additional Amounts with respect thereto, to such Redemption Date.
          If fewer than all the Securities of any series, or any Tranche thereof, are to be redeemed, the Company shall give notice of redemption to the Trustee not less than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date as to the aggregate principal amount of Securities to be redeemed.
          If a Holders’ Redemption Agreement, as hereinafter defined, is not on file with the Trustee and in effect, the particular Securities to be redeemed shall be selected by the Trustee, from the Outstanding Securities of such series or Tranche not previously called for redemption, substantially pro rata, by lot or by any other method the Trustee considers fair and appropriate and that complies with the requirements of the principal national securities exchange, if any, on which such Securities are listed, and which may provide for the selection for redemption of portions (equal to the minimum authorized denomination for Securities of that series or Tranche or any integral multiple thereof) of the principal amount of Securities of such series or Tranche of a denomination larger than the minimum authorized denomination for Securities of that series or Tranche; provided that in the event that the Securities of such series or Tranche have different terms and maturities, the Securities to be redeemed shall be selected by the Company and the Company shall give notice thereof to the Trustee; provided , however , that if, as indicated in an Officer’s Certificate, the Company shall have offered to purchase all or any principal amount of the Securities then Outstanding of any series, or any Tranche thereof, and fewer than all of such Securities as to which such offer was made shall have been tendered to the Company for such purchase, the Trustee, if so directed by Company Order, shall

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select for redemption all or any principal amount of such Securities which have not been so tendered.
          If the Trustee shall use “CUSIP”, “Common Code” or “ISIN” numbers in notices as a convenience to Holders, then any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of a redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers. The Company will promptly notify the Trustee in writing of any change in the “CUSIP”, “Common Code” or “ISIN” numbers.
          If at the time the Company shall have given notice of redemption to the Trustee in accordance with Section 14.2, there shall be on file with the Trustee and in effect a Holders’ Redemption Agreement, as hereinafter defined, then the Trustee shall select, in accordance with the provisions of said Holders’ Redemption Agreement, the Securities or parts thereof to be redeemed.
          For the purposes of this Indenture, the term “Holders’ Redemption Agreement” shall mean an agreement, reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee, executed as provided in this Section, which provides for the method to be followed by the Trustee in selecting Securities or parts of Securities for redemption out of any funds held by the Trustee to be applied to such redemption. A Holders’ Redemption Agreement may be made with respect to a single series of Securities, or Tranche thereof, in which case it shall be executed by or on behalf of the Holders of all Outstanding Securities of such series or Tranche, or it may be made with respect to all Outstanding Securities in which case it shall be executed by or on behalf of the Holders of all Securities Outstanding hereunder.
          The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company in writing of the Securities selected for redemption and, in the case of any Securities selected for partial redemption, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed.
     Section 14.3 Payment of Securities Called for Redemption.
     If notice of redemption has been given as above provided and the Company has deposited, on or before the Redemption Date, with the Trustee (and/or having irrevocably directed the Trustee to apply, from money held by it available to be used for the redemption of Securities) an amount in cash sufficient to redeem all of the Securities to be redeemed, the Securities or portions of Securities of the series specified in such notice shall become due and payable on the Redemption Date, and at the place or places stated in such notice at the applicable Redemption Price, together with any interest accrued to such Redemption Date, and on and after said Redemption Date any interest on the Securities or portion of Securities of any series so called for redemption shall cease to accrue. On presentation and surrender of such Securities at a Place of Payment in such notice specified, such Securities or the specified portions thereof shall be paid and redeemed by the Company at the applicable Redemption Price, together with any interest accrued and Additional Amounts to the Redemption Date,

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except that if such Redemption Date is an Interest Payment Date, interest shall be paid as provided in Section 3.8.
          Upon presentation of any Security redeemed in part only, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery to or on the order of the Holder thereof, at the expense of the Company, a new Security or Securities of such series, of authorized denominations, in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the Security so presented.
          If a Security in global form is so surrendered, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the U.S. Depository or other Depository for such Security in global form as shall be specified in the Company Order with respect thereto to the Trustee, without service charge, a new Security in global form in a denomination equal to and in exchange for the unredeemed portion of the principal of the Security in global form so surrendered.
          If any Security called for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender thereof for redemption, the principal and any premium, until paid, shall bear interest from the Redemption Date at the rate prescribed therefor in the Security.
ARTICLE 15
REDEMPTION AT THE OPTION OF HOLDERS FOLLOWING A RESTRUCTURING EVENT
     Section 15.1 Applicability of Article.
          The provisions of this Article shall be applicable to the Securities of any series if specified by Section 3.1 for Securities of such series.
     Section 15.2 Redemption of Securities issued by the Company at the Option of Holders.
          If the provisions of this Article shall be applicable to the Securities of a series pursuant to Section 3.1, then if at any time while any of the Securities of such series issued by the Company remains outstanding, there occurs a Restructuring Event, a Public Announcement shall be made and if, within the Restructuring Period, either:
  (a)   (if at the time that the Restructuring Event occurs there are Rated Securities) a Rating Downgrade in respect of the Restructuring Event occurs; or
 
  (b)   (if at the time that the Restructuring Event occurs there are no Rated Securities) a Negative Rating Event in respect of the Restructuring Event occurs,
then the Holders of each Security of such series issued by the Company will have the option upon the giving of a Put Notice (as defined in Section 15.5) to require the Company to redeem or, at the option of the Company, purchase (or procure the purchase of) such Security on the Put

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Date (as defined in Section 15.5) at its principal amount together with accrued interest to the Put Date. The Restructuring Event and Rating Downgrade or the Restructuring Event and Negative Rating Event, as the case may be, occurring within the Restructuring Period, are together referred to as a “Put Event.”
          If the provisions of this Article shall be applicable to the Securities of a series pursuant to Section 3.1, then promptly upon the Company becoming aware that a Put Event has occurred, the Company shall, or at any time upon the Trustee having actual knowledge of such Put Event or having received written notice thereof the Trustee may, and if so requested in writing by the Holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the applicable series then Outstanding, the Trustee shall, give notice (a “Put Event Notice”) to the Holders of the relevant series of Securities in accordance with Section 13.4 specifying the nature of the Put Event and the procedure (as set out in Section 15.5) for exercising the option contained in this Section 15.2.
          The Company shall, forthwith upon becoming aware of the occurrence of the Restructuring Event (a) provide the Trustee with the relevant Directors’ Report and (b) provide or procure that the Reporting Accountants provide the Trustee with the Accountants’ Report. The Directors’ Report and the Accountants’ Report shall, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive and binding on all concerned, including the Trustee and the Holders. The Trustee shall be entitled to act, or not act, and rely on without being expected to verify the accuracy of the same (and shall have no liability to Holders for doing so) any Directors’ Report and/or any Accountants’ Report (whether or not addressed to it).
     Section 15.3 Definitions related to Redemption of Securities issued by the Company at the Option of Holders.
          For the purposes of this Article 15:
          “Accountants’ Report” means a report of the Reporting Accountants stating whether the amounts included in the calculation of the Operating Profit and the amount for Consolidated Operating Profit as included in the Directors’ Report have been accurately extracted from the accounting records of the Company and its Subsidiaries and whether the Disposal Percentage included in the Directors’ Report has been correctly calculated which will be prepared pursuant to an engagement letter to be entered into by the Reporting Accountants and the Company.
          The Company shall use reasonable efforts to procure that there shall at the relevant time be Reporting Accountants who have (a) entered into an engagement letter with the Company which shall (i) not limit the liability of the Reporting Accountants by reference to a monetary cap and (ii) be available for inspection by Holders at the principal office of the Trustee or (b) agreed to provide Accountants’ Reports on such other terms as the Company shall approve. If the Company, having used reasonable efforts, is unable to procure that there shall at the relevant time be Reporting Accountants who have entered into an engagement letter complying with (i) above, the Trustee may rely on an Accountants’ Report which contains a limit on the liability of the Reporting Accountants by reference to a monetary cap or otherwise.

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          Investors should be aware that the engagement letter may contain a limit on the liability of the Reporting Accountants which may impact on the interests of Holders.
          The Company shall give notice to the Trustee of the identity of the Reporting Accountants;
          “Consolidated Operating Profit” means the consolidated operating profit on ordinary activities before tax and interest and before taking account of depreciation and amortisation of goodwill and regulatory assets (for the avoidance of doubt, exceptional items, as reflected in the Relevant Accounts shall not be included) of the Company and its subsidiaries (including any share of operating profit of associates and joint ventures) determined in accordance with IFRS by reference to the Relevant Accounts;
          “Directors’ Report” means a report prepared and signed by two directors of the Company addressed to the Trustee setting out the Operating Profit, the Consolidated Operating Profit and the Disposal Percentage and stating any assumptions which the Directors of the Company have employed in determining the Operating Profit;
          “Disposal Percentage” means, in relation to a sale, transfer, lease or other disposal or dispossession of any Disposed Assets, the ratio of (a) the aggregate Operating Profit to (b) the Consolidated Operating Profit, expressed as a percentage;
          “Disposed Assets” means, where the Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries sells, transfers, leases or otherwise disposes of or is dispossessed by any means (but excluding sales, transfers, leases, disposals or dispossessions which, when taken together with any related lease back or similar arrangements entered into in the ordinary course of business, have the result that the Operating Profit directly attributable to any such undertaking, property or assets continues to accrue to the Company or, as the case may be, such Subsidiary), otherwise than to a wholly-owned Subsidiary of the Company or to the Company, of the whole or any part (whether by a single transaction or by a number of transactions whether related or not) of its undertaking or (except in the ordinary course of business of the Company or any such Subsidiary) property or assets, the undertaking, property or assets sold, transferred, leased or otherwise disposed of or of which it is so dispossessed;
          “Negative Rating Event” shall be deemed to have occurred if either (a) the Company does not, either prior to or not later than 21 days after the relevant Restructuring Event, seek, and thereupon use all reasonable efforts to obtain, a rating of the relevant series of Securities or any other unsecured and unsubordinated debt of the Company having an initial maturity of five years or more (“Rateable Debt”) from a Rating Agency or (b) if the Company does so seek and use such efforts, it is unable, as a result of such Restructuring Event, to obtain such a rating of at least investment grade (BBB- or Baa3 or their respective equivalents for the time being), provided that a Negative Rating Event shall not be deemed to have occurred in respect of a particular Restructuring Event if the Rating Agency declining to assign a rating of at least investment grade (as described above) does not announce or publicly confirm that its declining to assign a rating of at least investment grade was the result, in whole or in part, of any event or circumstance comprised in or arising as a result of, or in respect of, the applicable

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Restructuring Event (whether or not the Restructuring Event shall have occurred at the time such investment grade rating is declined);
          “Operating Profit”, in relation to any Disposed Assets, means the operating profits on ordinary activities before tax and interest and before taking account of depreciation and amortisation of goodwill and regulatory assets (for the avoidance of doubt, exceptional items, as reflected in the Relevant Accounts, shall not be included) of the Company and its Subsidiaries directly attributable to such Disposed Assets as determined in accordance with IFRS by reference to the Relevant Accounts and, if Relevant Accounts do not yet exist, determined in a manner consistent with the assumptions upon which the Directors’ Report is to be based. Where the Directors of the Company have employed assumptions in determining the Operating Profit, those assumptions should be clearly stated in the Directors’ Report;
          “Public Announcement” means an announcement by the Company or the Trustee, of the occurrence of the Restructuring Event published in a leading national newspaper having general circulation in the United States (which is expected to be the Wall Street Journal);
          “Rated Securities” means for each series of Securities, the Securities of such series, if and for so long as they shall have an effective rating from a Rating Agency and otherwise any Rateable Debt which is rated by a Rating Agency; provided that if there shall be no such Rateable Debt outstanding prior to the maturity of the Securities, the Holders of not less than one-quarter in principal amount of outstanding Securities of the series may require the Company to obtain and thereafter update on an annual basis a rating of such Securities from a Rating Agency. In addition, the Company may at any time obtain and thereafter update on an annual basis a rating of the relevant series of Securities from a Rating Agency, provided that, except as provided above, the Company shall not have any obligation to obtain such a rating of such Securities;
          “Rating Agency” means Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. and its successors or Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. and its successors or any rating agency substituted for either of them (or any permitted substitute of them) by the Company from time to time with the prior written approval of the Trustee;
          “Rating Downgrade” shall be deemed to have occurred in respect of the Restructuring Event if the then current rating whether provided by a Rating Agency at the invitation of the Company or by its own volition assigned to the Rated Securities by any Rating Agency is withdrawn or reduced from an investment grade rating (BBB- or Baa3 or their respective equivalents for the time being or better) to a non-investment grade rating (BB+ or Ba1 or their respective equivalents for the time being or worse) or, if a Rating Agency shall already have rated the Rated Securities below investment grade (as described above), the rating is lowered one full rating category; provided that a Rating Downgrade otherwise arising by virtue of a particular reduction in rating shall not be deemed to have occurred in respect of a particular Restructuring Event if the Rating Agency making the reduction in rating to which this definition would otherwise apply does not announce or publicly confirm that the reduction was the result, in whole or part, of any event or circumstance comprised in or arising as a result of,

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or in respect of, the applicable Restructuring Event (whether or not the applicable Restructuring Event shall have occurred at the time of the Rating Downgrade);
          “Relevant Accounts” means the most recent annual audited consolidated financial accounts of the Company and its Subsidiaries prepared in accordance with IFRS (or such other accounting standards as may be applicable to the Company at the relevant time) preceding the relevant sale, transfer, lease or other disposal or dispossession of any Disposed Asset;
          “Reporting Accountants” means the auditors of the Company (but not acting in their capacity as auditors) or such other firm of accountants as may be nominated by the Company and approved in writing by the Trustee for the purpose or, failing which, as may be selected by the Trustee for the purpose; provided that the Company shall pay the costs and expenses of any auditors or accountants nominated by the Company and approved in writing by the Trustee; provided further that the Company shall pay the reasonable and properly incurred costs and expenses of any auditors or accountants selected solely by the Trustee;
          “Restructuring Event” shall be deemed to have occurred at any time (whether or not approved by the Board of Directors) that the sum of Disposal Percentages for the Company within any period of consecutive 36 months commencing on or after the initial issue date of the first series of the Securities is greater than 50 percent; and
          “Restructuring Period” means the period ending 90 days after a Public Announcement (or such longer period in which the Rated Securities or Rateable Debt, as the case may be, is or are under consideration (announced publicly within the first mentioned period) for rating review or, as the case may be, rating by a Rating Agency).
     Section 15.4 Responsibilities of Trustee.
          The Trustee shall not be responsible for ascertaining or monitoring whether or not the Restructuring Event, a Negative Rating Event or a Rating Downgrade in relation to the Company has occurred and, unless and until it has actual knowledge to the contrary, shall be entitled to assume that no such event has occurred.
     Section 15.5 Procedures for Exercise of Put Option by Holders
          To exercise the option of redemption of a Security under Section 15.2 the Holders must deliver (or cause to be delivered) each Security to be redeemed accompanied by a duly signed and completed notice of exercise in the form (for the time being current) obtainable from the specified office of any Paying Agent (a “Put Notice”), in which the Holders may specify an account to which payment is to be made under this Article 15 to the specified office of any Paying Agent on any Business Day falling within the period (the “Put Period”) of 45 days after a Put Event Notice is given. The Security should be delivered after the date (the “Put Date”) falling seven days after the expiry of the Put Period. The Paying Agent to which such Security and Put Notice are delivered will issue to the Holders concerned a non-transferable receipt in respect of the Security so delivered. Payment in respect of any Security so delivered

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will be made, if the Holder duly specified a bank account in the Put Notice to which payment is to be made, on the Put Date by transfer to that bank account and, in every other case, on or after the Put Date in the same manner as payment for the principal of any premium and interest on the Securities. A Put Notice, once given, shall be irrevocable and no Security so deposited may be withdrawn without the prior consent of the Company. The Company shall redeem the relevant Securities on the Put Date unless previously redeemed or purchased.
ARTICLE 16
SINKING FUNDS
     Section 16.1 Applicability of Article.
     The provisions of this Article shall be applicable to any sinking fund for the retirement of Securities of a series except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.1 for Securities of such series.
          The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as a “mandatory sinking fund payment”, and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as an “optional sinking fund payment”.
     Section 16.2 Satisfaction of Mandatory Sinking Fund Payment with Securities.
     In lieu of making all or any part of any mandatory sinking fund payment with respect to any Securities of a series in cash, the Company may at its option, at any time but not less than 45 days prior to the date on which such sinking fund payment is due, deliver to the Trustee Securities of such series theretofore purchased or otherwise acquired by the Company, except Securities of such series which have been redeemed through the application of mandatory sinking fund payments pursuant to the terms of the Securities of such series, accompanied by a Company Order instructing the Trustee to credit such obligations and stating that the Securities of such series were originally issued by the Company by way of bona fide sale or other negotiation for value; provided that such Securities have not been previously so credited. Such Securities shall be received and credited for such purpose by the Trustee at the Redemption Price specified in such Securities for redemption through operation of the mandatory sinking fund and the amount of such mandatory sinking fund payment shall be reduced accordingly.
     Section 16.3 Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund.
     Not less than 60 days prior to each sinking fund payment date for any series of Securities, the Company will deliver to the Trustee a certificate signed by any director, the treasurer or any duly authorized assistant treasurer of the Company specifying the amount of the next ensuing sinking fund payment for such series pursuant to the terms of such series, the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by payment of cash and the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting Securities of such series pursuant to Section 15.2 and whether the Company intends to exercise its rights to make a permitted optional sinking fund payment with respect to such series. Such certificate shall be irrevocable

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and upon its delivery the Company shall be obligated to make the cash payment or payments therein referred to, if any, on or before the next succeeding sinking fund payment date. In the case of the failure of the Company to deliver such certificate (or to deliver the Securities, if any, specified in such certificate within the time period specified in Section 15.2), unless otherwise agreed by the Trustee, the sinking fund payment due on the next succeeding sinking fund payment date for such series shall be paid entirely in cash and shall be sufficient to redeem the principal amount of the Securities of such series subject to a mandatory sinking fund payment without the right to deliver or credit Securities as provided in Section 15.2 and without the right to make any optional sinking fund payment, if any, with respect to such series.
          Any sinking fund payment or payments (mandatory or optional) made in cash plus any unused balance of any preceding sinking fund payments made with respect to the Securities of any particular series shall be applied by the Trustee (or by the Company if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent) on the sinking fund payment date on which such payment is made (or, if such payment is made before a sinking fund payment date, on the sinking fund payment date following the date of such payment) to the redemption of Securities of such series at the Redemption Price specified in such Securities with respect to the sinking fund together with accrued interest, if any, to the applicable Redemption Date. Any sinking fund moneys not so applied or allocated by the Trustee (or by the Company if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent) to the redemption of Securities shall be added to the next sinking fund payment received by the Trustee (or if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent, segregated and held in trust as provided in Section 4.3) for such series and, together with such payment (or such amount so segregated) shall be applied in accordance with the provisions of this Section 15.3. Any and all sinking fund moneys with respect to the Securities of any particular series held by the Trustee (or if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent, segregated and held in trust as provided in Section 4.3) on the last sinking fund payment date with respect to Securities of such series and not held for the payment or redemption of particular Securities of such series shall be applied by the Trustee (or by the Company if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent), together with other moneys, if necessary, to be deposited (or segregated) sufficient for the purpose, to the payment of the principal of the Securities of such series at Maturity.
          The Trustee shall select or cause to be selected the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund payment date in the manner specified in Section 14.2 and the Company shall cause notice of the redemption thereof to be given in the manner provided in Section 14.2 except that the notice of redemption shall also state that the Securities are being redeemed by operation of the sinking fund and whether the sinking fund payment is mandatory or optional, or both, as the case may be. Such notice having been duly given, the redemption of the Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the manner stated in Section 14.3.
          On or before each sinking fund payment date, the Company shall pay to the Trustee (or, if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent, will segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 4.3) in cash a sum equal to the principal and any interest accrued to the Redemption Date for Securities or portions thereof to be redeemed on such sinking fund payment date pursuant to this Section.

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          Neither the Trustee nor the Company shall redeem any Securities of a series with sinking fund moneys or mail any notice of redemption of Securities of such series by operation of the sinking fund for such series during the continuance of a default in payment of interest, if any, on any Securities of such series or of any Event of Default (other than an Event of Default occurring as a consequence of this paragraph) with respect to the Securities of such series, except that if the notice of redemption shall have been provided in accordance with the provisions hereof, the Trustee (or the Company if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent) shall redeem such Securities if cash sufficient for that purpose shall be deposited with the Trustee (or segregated by the Company) for that purpose in accordance with the terms of this Article. Except as aforesaid, any moneys in the sinking fund for such series at the time when any such default or Event of Default shall occur and any moneys thereafter paid into such sinking fund shall, during the continuance of such default or Event of Default, be held as security for the payment of the Securities of such series; provided , however , that in case such Event of Default or default shall have been cured or waived as provided herein, such moneys shall thereafter be applied on the next sinking fund payment date for the Securities of such series on which such moneys may be applied pursuant to the provisions of this Section.

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          IN WITNESS WHEREOF, National Grid plc has caused this Indenture to be duly executed as a deed as of the date above written.
         
  National Grid plc
 
 
  By:      
    Name:      
    Title:      
 
         
     
  By:      
    Name:      
    Title:      
 
          IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned, being duly authorized, has executed this Indenture as of the date first above written.
         
  The Bank of New York, as Trustee
 
 
  By:      
    Name:      
    Title:      
 

 

 

Exhibit 5.1
[LEBOEUF, LAMB, GREENE & MACRAE LLP LETTERHEAD]
June 28, 2006
National Grid plc
1-3 Strand
London
WC2N SEH, England
Ladies and Gentlemen:
      We have acted as special U.S. counsel for National Grid plc (the “Company”), a company existing under the laws of England and Wales, in connection with the filing by the Company with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), of a Registration Statement on Form  F-3, to which this opinion and consent is related (the “Registration Statement”), with respect to the registration of debt securities of the Company. The debt securities are herein referred to collectively as the “Securities”. The Securities may be issued and sold from time to time only after the Registration Statement, to which this opinion is an exhibit, becomes effective and a prospectus supplement is prepared and filed with the Commission.
      The Securities may be issued under an indenture between the Company, as Issuer, and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (the “Indenture”) to be entered into prior to the issuance of the Securities. Certain terms of the Securities will be established in indentures supplemental to the Indenture or by or pursuant to resolutions of the Board of Directors of the Company as part of the corporate action taken and to be taken relating to the issuance of the Securities.
      In connection therewith, we have examined the Registration Statement and the Indenture. In addition, we have examined the originals (or copies certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction) of such other agreements, instruments, certificates, documents and records and have reviewed such questions of law and made such inquiries as we have deemed necessary or appropriate for the purposes of the opinions rendered herein.
      In such examination, we have assumed, without inquiry, the legal capacity of all natural persons, the genuineness of all signatures on all documents examined by us, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to the original documents of all such documents submitted to us as copies and the authenticity of the originals of such latter documents. We have also assumed that the books and records of the Company are maintained in accordance with proper corporate procedures. As to any facts material to our opinion, we have, when relevant facts were not independently established, relied upon the aforesaid agreements, instruments, certificates, documents and records and upon statements and certificates of officers and representatives of the Company and public officials.


 

      Based upon and subject to the foregoing, and subject to the limitations, qualifications and assumptions stated herein, we are of the opinion that, assuming that (i) the Indenture, any Securities and any supplemental indentures to be entered into in connection with the issuance of such Securities have been duly and properly authorized; (ii) the Registration Statement has become effective under the Securities Act; (iii) the terms of such Securities and their issuance and sale have been duly established in conformity with the Indenture and applicable supplemental indenture relating to such Securities; (iv) the Indenture has been duly executed and delivered by each party thereto; (v) the terms of such Securities do not violate any applicable law (other than the laws of the State of New York and the U.S. federal laws) or result in a default under or breach of any agreement or instrument binding upon the Company and comply with any requirement or restriction imposed by any court or governmental or regulatory body having jurisdiction over the Company; (vi) all necessary approvals have been obtained from the United Kingdom regulatory authorities; and (vii) such Securities have been duly executed and authenticated in accordance with the Indenture and any applicable supplemental indenture relating to such Securities and duly issued and delivered by the Company in the manner contemplated under the applicable Indenture and any applicable supplemental indenture relating to such Securities and in the Registration Statement and any prospectus supplement relating thereto, such Securities will constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, rehabilitation, fraudulent transfer or other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect, and to general principles of equity, regardless of whether such principles are considered in a proceeding in equity or at law.
      The opinions expressed herein are limited to the laws of the State of New York and the federal law of the United States.
      We consent to the filing of this opinion with the Commission as an exhibit to the Company’s Registration Statement and to the use of our name under the caption “Legal Matters” contained in the Registration Statement. In giving our consent, we do not thereby concede that we come within the category of persons whose consent is required by the Securities Act.
  Very truly yours,
 
  /s/ LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae LLP
 

Exhibit 5.2
[LEBOEUF, LAMB, GREENE & MACRAE LETTERHEAD]
 
     
To:   National Grid plc
1-3 Strand
London WC2N 5EH
United Kingdom
28 June 2006
Dear Sirs
National Grid plc and the registration statement on Form F-3 dated 28 June 2006 (the “Registration Statement”) with respect to the registration (the “Registration”) of debt securities of the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission of the United States of America (the “Commission”)
1   We have acted as special legal advisers in England to National Grid plc (the “ Company ”), a company existing under the laws of England and Wales, in connection with the Registration and have taken instructions solely from the Company. The debt securities may be issued and sold from time to time only after the Registration Statement, to which this opinion is an exhibit, becomes effective and a prospectus supplement is prepared and filed with the Commission. The debt securities are to be issued under (i) an indenture between the Company, as issuer, and The Bank of New York, as trustee, (the “ Indenture ”), and (ii) a first supplemental indenture between the Company, as issuer, and The Bank of New York, as trustee and paying agent, (the “ Supplemental Indenture ”) to be entered into prior to the issuance of the debt securities. The form of debt securities of the Company to be issued are detailed in the Indenture and Supplemental Indenture (the “ Securities ”). This opinion is addressed to you in connection with the Registration.
 
2   For the purpose of this opinion, we have examined and relied upon only the documents and undertaken only the searches and enquiries, listed in Schedule 1 to this letter. We have not been concerned with investigating or verifying the facts set out in the Registration Statement.
 
3   The opinion is limited to English law as applied by the English courts as at the date of this opinion. Insofar as any law other than English law may be relevant to this opinion, we have taken no account of, and have made no investigation of, such law and this opinion is subject to the effect of those laws. This opinion is strictly limited to the matters expressly stated herein and is not to be read as extending by implication to any other matter in connection with the documents referred to below or otherwise. Nothing in this opinion in any way modifies, amends or supplements, or shall in any way limit or be construed inconsistently with, the separate opinion delivered to you on the date hereof by LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene & MacRae LLP, New York, New York.
 
4   On the basis of the assumptions set out in Schedule 2 and subject to the qualifications set out in Schedule 3 and subject to matters not otherwise disclosed to us, we are of the opinion that:
  (a)   the Company is a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales and, according to the online search of the database at the companies registry based in Cardiff in respect of the Company, referred to in Schedule 1, the Company has been in continuous existence since it was incorporated and according to the telephone search of the

 


 

      winding up petitions at the Companies Court in London and the manual register of administration petitions in the London area for the Company, referred to in Schedule 1, there are no documents showing the institution of proceedings for the winding up or administration of the Company;
 
  (b)   the Company has the corporate power and capacity to enter into and perform its obligations under the Indenture and to issue and deliver the Securities;
 
  (c)   the Company has taken all necessary corporate action to authorise its execution and delivery of the Indenture;
 
  (d)   on the assumption that the Indenture and the Securities will, when validly executed and delivered, create valid and binding obligations of the parties under the law of the state of New York, English law will not prevent any provision of the Indenture and the Securities from, when validly executed and delivered, being valid and binding obligations of the Company; and
 
  (e)   the execution and delivery of the Indenture and the Securities by the Company and the exercise of its rights and the performance of its obligations under the Indenture and the Securities are not prohibited by the memorandum of association or articles of association of the Company.
5   This opinion is given for the sole benefit of the Company in connection with the Registration. We consent to the filing of this opinion with the Commission as an exhibit to the Company’s Registration Statement and to the use of our name under the caption “Legal Matters” contained in the Registration Statement. In giving our consent, we do not thereby concede that we come within the category of persons whose consent is required by the Securities Act 1933, as amended, of the United States of America. It may not be used, circulated to, quoted, referred to, delivered to or relied upon in any manner, for any other purpose, by any other person or entity, or in connection with any other transaction, without our prior express written consent.
 
6   This opinion only applies to those facts and circumstances which exist at today’s date, and we undertake no, and hereby disclaim any, obligation or responsibility to update or supplement this opinion to reflect any facts or circumstances which may subsequently come to our attention, any changes in laws which may occur after today, or to inform the addressee of any change in circumstances happening after the date of this opinion which would alter our opinion.
 
7   This opinion shall be governed by and construed in accordance with English law and is issued on the basis that any dispute arising in respect of the opinion shall be determined by the courts of England, which courts shall have exclusive jurisdiction.
Yours faithfully,


     
/s/ LEBOEUF, LAMB, GREENE & MACRAE
   

 


 

SCHEDULE 1
Documents and Searches
1   Documents
  (a)   The form of the Indenture filed with this Registration.
 
  (b)   The draft form of the Supplemental Indenture including at exhibit A the form of the Securities.
 
  (c)   A copy of a certified copy of the memorandum and articles of association of the Company provided on 26 th June 2006.
 
  (d)   A copy of a certified copy of an extract from the minutes of the Company’s board meeting held on 21 st October 2002.
 
  (e)   A copy of a certified copy of an extract from the minutes of the Company’s finance committee held on 23 rd October 2002.
 
  (f)   A copy of a certified copy of the terms of reference of the Company’s finance committee.
 
  (g)   A copy of a certified copy of an extract from the minutes of the Company’s finance committee dated 24 th April 2006.
2   Searches
  (a)   On 28 June 2006 we carried out online company searches of the database at the companies registry based in Cardiff in respect of the Company to check the memorandum and articles of association of the Company.
 
  (b)   On 28 June 2006 at 3 pm we made a telephone search of the winding up petitions at the Companies Court in London and the manual register of administration petitions in the London area for the Company.
    Please note that these searches do not necessarily reveal the up-to-date position.

 


 

SCHEDULE 2
Assumptions
We have assumed without investigation:
1.   the genuineness of all signatures, stamps and seals and all documents, the authenticity and completeness of all documents submitted to us as originals or copies and the conformity to original documents of all copies;
 
2.   that the Indenture, Supplemental Indenture and Securities will be validly executed and delivered by the parties thereto in the form examined by us;
 
3.   that the copies produced to us of extracts of minutes of the meeting of the board of directors of the Company and the meetings of the finance committee of the Company are true copies and correctly record the relevant proceedings at such meeting and the relevant resolutions approved thereat; that such meetings were quorate and duly convened and held, that those present at such meetings acted bona fide in the interests of the Company throughout, that all resolutions set out in such copies were duly passed and that no further resolutions of the Board or any committee thereof have been passed, or corporate or other action taken, which would or might alter the effectiveness thereof;
 
4.   that the directors of the Company in authorising the filing of the Registration Statement and the execution and delivery of and performance of obligations under the Indenture, Supplemental Indenture and, when issued, the Securities have exercised all their powers in accordance with their duties under all applicable laws and the memoranda and articles of association of the Company in force at the applicable time;
 
5.   that there are no agreements or arrangements in existence or contemplated involving the Company that in any way amend, add to or vary the matters set forth in the Indenture, Supplemental Indenture and Securities, or otherwise impact on the opinion expressed in this letter;
 
6.   that the Indenture, Supplemental Indenture and, when issued the Securities, will constitute the legally valid and binding obligations of (i) The Bank of New York enforceable under all applicable laws, and (ii) the Company enforceable under all applicable laws other than the law of England and Wales;
 
7.   that the Indenture, Supplemental Indenture and Securities have not been amended or terminated at the date of this opinion letter, and the absence of fraud or mutual mistake of fact or law, and that the Indenture, Supplemental Indenture and Securities will be entered into (i) in the best interests of the parties thereto; and (ii) in good faith for bona fide commercial reasons and on arm’s length terms by each of the parties to it;
 
8.   that there are no provisions of the laws, and there is no public policy, of any jurisdiction outside England which would be contravened by the execution and delivery of, or the performance of the obligations under the Indenture, Supplemental Indenture and the Securities, and that, insofar as any obligation under, or action to be taken under the Indenture, Supplemental Indenture and the Securities is required to be performed or taken in any jurisdiction outside England, the performance of such obligation or taking of such action will not be illegal or unenforceable by virtue of the laws, or contravene any public policy, of that jurisdiction;

 


 

9.   that, except to the extent expressly set out in the opinion given in this letter, in relation to the Company no registrations or filings, authorisations, consents, approvals, licences or validations are required from any governmental or regulatory authority in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of the Indenture, Supplemental Indenture and the Securities.
 
10.   that the Securities of a particular issuance will, upon issue, be duly authorised, executed, issued, authenticated and delivered by the Company and will be offered and sold in accordance with the provisions of the Indenture and Supplemental Indenture and as described in the Registration Statement and there will be no provision in any supplement relating to the Securities or any other document which would affect the content of this opinion;
 
11.   that each of the parties to the Indenture has complied and will comply with all applicable provisions of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (“ FSMA ”) and orders and rules made thereunder with respect to anything done by them in relation to the Indenture, Supplemental Indenture and the Securities or the transactions contemplated thereby, in each case, in, from or otherwise involving the United Kingdom (including, without limitation, section 19 (General Prohibition) and section 21 (Restrictions on Financial Promotion) of the FSMA;
 
12.   that each of the parties to the Indenture and Supplemental Indenture who is carrying on, or passporting to carry on, any relevant regulated activity in the United Kingdom is an authorised person permitted to carry on that regulated activity or an exempt person in respect of that regulated activity under the FSMA;
 
13.   that any issue of Securities by the Company in connection with the Registration complies with the Companies Act 1985 and, in particular, will be authorised in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 1985;
 
14.   that the information disclosed by our online search of the database of the Companies Registry based in Cardiff on 28 June 2006, by telephone by the Companies Court in London on 28 June 2006 at 3 pm and by the manual register of administration petitions in the London area for the Company on 28 June 2006 in relation to the Company was complete, up-to-date and accurate and has not since then been materially altered or added to; and
 
15.   that no United Kingdom stamp duty or stamp duty reserve tax is payable by the Company on the Indenture, Supplemental Indenture and Securities.

 


 

SCHEDULE 3
Qualifications
The qualifications to which this opinion is subject are as follows:
  (a)   no opinion is expressed in relation to the validity, binding nature or enforceability of the Indenture, Supplemental Indenture or the Securities or of any charge or trust which may be created by or pursuant to the Indenture or Supplemental Indenture;
 
  (b)   no opinion is expressed in relation to any document referred to in the Indenture or Supplemental Indenture or any other document other than the Indenture;
 
  (c)   without limiting any other assumption, qualification or reservation made in this opinion, we have not investigated whether the Company is or will, by reason of the execution of, or the transactions contemplated by, the Indenture, Supplemental Indenture and the Securities, or any documents referred to in or associated with the Indenture, Supplemental Indenture and the Securities, be in breach of its obligations under any licence, authorisation, consent, agreement or document;
 
  (d)   we assume compliance now and at the time of issuance of the Securities, and we express no opinion as to compliance or otherwise, with the financial limitations on borrowings by the Company contained in the Company’s articles of association;
 
  (e)   the opinions set out in this letter are subject to:
  (i)   any limitation arising from applicable laws relating to insolvency, bankruptcy, administration, reorganisation, liquidation or analogous circumstances; and
 
  (ii)   an English court exercising its discretion under the Insolvency Act 1986 to assist the courts having the corresponding jurisdiction in any part of the United Kingdom or any relevant country or territory;
  (f)   the English courts may not accept jurisdiction to determine the matter or may stay or strike out proceedings in certain circumstances, including where there is some other forum with competent jurisdiction which is more appropriate for the trial of the action, where proceedings involving the same cause of action and between the same parties are pending in another jurisdiction or where merits of the issues in dispute have already been judicially determined or should have been raised in previous proceedings between the parties; and
 
  (g)   if the Indenture or Supplemental Indenture creates a charge referred to in section 396(1) of the Companies Act 1985, such charge requires registration under sections 395-397 of the Companies Act 1985 and, unless the prescribed particulars of the registerable charges created by the Indenture or Supplemental Indenture, as appropriate, and a signed copy of the Indenture or Supplemental Indenture, as appropriate, is delivered for registration under that section within 21 days of the date of execution of the Indenture or Supplemental Indenture, as appropriate, it will be void as against a liquidator, administrator or creditors of the Company.

 

 

EXHIBIT 12.1
Statement re: Computation of ratio of earnings to fixed charges
      The following tables set forth our ratio of earnings to fixed charges for the periods indicated, using financial information compiled in accordance with IFRS and U.S. GAAP, respectively. IFRS, as adopted by the European Union, is our primary GAAP. Our transition date to IFRS is April 1, 2004. Consequently, no figures are provided for years ending prior to that date.
                     
    Year Ended March 31,
     
    2006   2005   2004   2003   2002
                     
Earnings to fixed charges — IFRS
  2.91   2.62      
Earnings to fixed charges — U.S. GAAP
  2.03   3.11   2.00   1.96   2.62
      The ratio of earnings to fixed charges is computed by dividing earnings by fixed charges. Earnings represents pre-tax income from continuing operations before minority interests, income or loss from joint ventures and associates, fixed charges, amortization of capitalized interest plus dividends received from joint ventures and associates less capitalized interest. Fixed charges includes interest expense (including amortized premiums, discounts and capitalized expenses related to indebtedness and, for IFRS, excluding amounts recognized in interest in respect of pension liabilities) plus interest portion of lease rentals and preferred stock dividends.
                                         
    Year Ended March 31,
     
    2006   2005   2004   2003   2002
                     
    (£ in millions)
IFRS
                                       
Profit before tax from continuing operations before adjustment for minority interest or income or loss from joint ventures and associates
    1,776       1,436                    
Fixed charges (see below)
    910       862                    
Dividends from joint ventures and associates
    2       5                    
Amortization of capitalized interest
    19       15                    
Less: capitalized interest
    (60 )     (63 )                  
                               
      2,647       2,255                    
                               
Fixed charges
                                       
Interest expense, including amortization of debt expense and similar charges
    870       834                    
Interest portion of rental expense (33% of rentals)(1)
    40       28                    
                               
      910       862                    
                               
U.S. GAAP
                                       
Profit before tax from continuing operations before adjustment for minority interest or income or loss from joint ventures and associates
    1,059       1,344       851       722       749  
Fixed charges (see below)
    987       617       812       747       458  
Dividends from joint ventures and associates
    2       5       8       11       13  
Amortization of capitalized interest
    19       15       9       9       8  
Less: capitalized interest
    (60 )     (63 )     (55 )     (28 )     (26 )
                               
      2,007       1,918       1,625       1,461       1,202  
                               


 

                                         
    Year Ended March 31,
     
    2006   2005   2004   2003   2002
                     
    (£ in millions)
Fixed charges
                                       
Interest expense, including amortization of debt expense and similar charges
    946       587       785       721       440  
Interest portion of rental expense (33% of rentals)(1)
    40       28       24       20       9  
Preferred stock dividends
    1       2       3       4       1  
Interest associated with debt of equity affiliates guaranteed by the group
                      2       8  
                               
      987       617       812       747       458  
                               
 
(1)  33% is considered to be a reasonable approximation of the interest factor.
 

Exhibit 23.1
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form  F-3 of National Grid of our report dated May 17, 2006 relating to the consolidated financial statements, which appears in National Grid plc’s Annual Report on Form  20-F for the year ended March 31, 2006. We also consent to the reference to us under the heading “Experts” in such Registration Statement.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP  
 
 
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP  
London, U.K.  
 
June 27, 2006  
 

Exhibit 25.1
 
 
Form  T-1
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
STATEMENT OF ELIGIBILITY
UNDER
THE TRUST INDENTURE ACT OF 1939 OF A
CORPORATION DESIGNATED TO ACT AS TRUSTEE
CHECK IF AN APPLICATION TO DETERMINE
ELIGIBILITY OF A TRUSTEE PURSUANT TO
SECTION 305(b)(2) o
 
THE BANK OF NEW YORK
(Exact name of trustee as specified in its charter)
     
New York   13-5160382
(State of incorporation
if not a U.S. national bank)
  (I.R.S. employer
identification no.)
One Wall Street, New York, N.Y.   10286
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip code)
 
NATIONAL GRID PLC
(Exact name of obligor as specified in its charter)
     
England and Wales   98-0367158
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  (I.R.S. employer
identification no.)
1-3 Strand, London
WC2N 5EH England
   
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip code)
 
DEBT SECURITIES
(Title of the indenture securities)
 
 


 

1. General information. Furnish the following information as to the Trustee:
     (a) Name and address of each examining or supervising authority to which it is subject.
     
Name   Address
     
Superintendent of Banks of the State of New York
  One State Street, New York, N.Y. 10004-1417, and Albany, N.Y. 12223
Federal Reserve Bank of New York
  33 Liberty Street, New York, N.Y. 10045
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
  Washington, D.C. 20429
New York Clearing House Association
  New York, New York 10005
     (b) Whether it is authorized to exercise corporate trust powers.
      Yes.
2. Affiliations with Obligor.
If the obligor is an affiliate of the trustee, describe each such affiliation.
      None.
16. List of Exhibits.
Exhibits identified in parentheses below, on file with the Commission, are incorporated herein by reference as an exhibit hereto, pursuant to Rule 7a-29 under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (the “Act”) and 17 C.F.R. 229.10(d).
      1. A copy of the Organization Certificate of The Bank of New York (formerly Irving Trust Company) as now in effect, which contains the authority to commence business and a grant of powers to exercise corporate trust powers. (Exhibit 1 to Amendment No. 1 to Form  T-1 filed with Registration Statement No.  33-6215, Exhibits 1a and 1b to Form  T-1 filed with Registration Statement No.  33-21672, Exhibit 1 to Form  T-1 filed with Registration Statement No.  33-29637 and Exhibit 1 to Form  T-1 filed with Registration Statement No.  333-121195.)
      4. A copy of the existing By-laws of the Trustee. (Exhibit 4 to Form  T-1 filed with Registration Statement No.  333-121195.)
      6. The consent of the Trustee required by Section 321(b) of the Act. (Exhibit 6 to Form  T-1 filed with Registration Statement No.  333-106702.)
      7. A copy of the latest report of condition of the Trustee published pursuant to law or to the requirements of its supervising or examining authority.


 

SIGNATURE
      Pursuant to the requirements of the Act, the Trustee, The Bank of New York, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of New York, has duly caused this statement of eligibility to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, all in The City of New York, and State of New York, on the 27th day of June, 2006.
  THE BANK OF NEW YORK
  By:  /s/ Emma Wilkes
 
 
  Name: Emma Wilkes
  Title: Vice President


 

Exhibit 7 to Form T-1
Consolidated Report of Condition of
THE BANK OF NEW YORK
of One Wall Street, New York, N.Y. 10286
And Foreign and Domestic Subsidiaries,
a member of the Federal Reserve System, at the close of business March 31, 2006, published in accordance with a call made by the Federal Reserve Bank of this District pursuant to the provisions of the Federal Reserve Act.
           
    Dollar Amounts
     
    In thousands
ASSETS
Cash and balances due from depository institutions:
       
 
Noninterest-bearing balances and currency and coin
  $ 3,230,000  
 
Interest-bearing balances
    6,440,000  
Securities:
       
 
Held-to-maturity securities
    2,165,000  
 
Available-for-sale securities
    22,631,000  
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell
       
 
Federal funds sold in domestic offices
    2,955,000  
 
Securities purchased under agreements to resell
    315,000  
Loans and lease financing receivables:
       
 
Loans and leases held for sale
    0  
 
Loans and leases, net of unearned income
    32,983,000  
 
LESS: Allowance for loan and lease losses
    415,000  
 
Loans and leases, net of unearned income and allowance
    32,568,000  
Trading assets
    6,861,000  
Premises and fixed assets (including capitalized leases)
    828,000  
Other real estate owned
    0  
Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries and associated companies
    298,000  
Not applicable
       
Intangible assets:
       
 
Goodwill
    2,148,000  
 
Other intangible assets
    760,000  
Other assets
    6,551,000  
       
Total assets
  $ 87,750,000  
       


 

           
    Dollar Amounts
     
    In thousands
 
LIABILITIES
Deposits:
       
 
In domestic offices
  $ 35,956,000  
 
Noninterest-bearing
    16,637,000  
 
Interest-bearing
    19,319,000  
 
In foreign offices, Edge and Agreement subsidiaries, and IBFs
    30,215,000  
 
Noninterest-bearing
    578,000  
 
Interest-bearing
    29,637,000  
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase
       
 
Federal funds purchased in domestic offices
    825,000  
 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
    123,000  
Trading liabilities
    2,509,000  
Other borrowed money:
       
(Includes mortgage indebtedness and obligations under capitalized leases)
    1,890,000  
Not applicable
       
Not applicable
       
Subordinated notes and debentures
    1,955,000  
Other liabilities
    5,573,000  
       
Total liabilities
  $ 79,046,000  
       
Minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries
    151,000  
 
EQUITY CAPITAL
Perpetual preferred stock and related surplus
    0  
Common stock
    1,135,000  
Surplus (exclude all surplus related to preferred stock)
    2,107,000  
Retained earnings
    5,487,000  
Accumulated other comprehensive income
    (176,000 )
Other equity capital components
    0  
Total equity capital
    8,553,000  
       
Total liabilities, minority interest, and equity capital
  $ 87,750,000  
       


 

      I, Thomas J. Mastro, Executive Vice President and Comptroller of the above-named bank do hereby declare that this Report of Condition is true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief.
  Thomas J. Mastro,
  Executive Vice President and Comptroller
      We, the undersigned directors, attest to the correctness of this statement of resources and liabilities. We declare that it has been examined by us, and to the best of our knowledge and belief has been prepared in conformance with the instructions and is true and correct.
     
Thomas A. Renyi
  Directors
Gerald L. Hassell