As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
January 26, 2007
Securities Act Registration
No. 333-138141
and Investment Company Act of 1940 Registration
No. 811-21969
UNITED
STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C.
20549
FORM N-2
Registration Statement under
the Securities Act of
1933
þ
Pre-Effective Amendment
No. 4
þ
Post-Effective Amendment
No.
Registration Statement under
the Investment Company Act of
1940
þ
Amendment
No. 4
þ
The Gabelli Global Deal
Fund
(Exact Name of Registrant as
Specified in the Declaration of Trust)
One Corporate Center
Rye, New York 10580-1422
(Address of Principal Executive
Offices)
(800) 422-3554
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Agnes Mullady
The Gabelli Global Deal Fund
One Corporate Center
Rye, New York 10580-1422
(914) 921-5100
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
Copies to:
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Richard T. Prins, Esq.
Skadden, Arps, Slate,
Meagher & Flom LLP
Four Times Square
New York, New York 10036
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Leonard B.
Mackey, Jr., Esq.
Clifford Chance US
LLP
31 West 52nd Street
New York, New York 10019
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James E. McKee, Esq.
The Gabelli Global Deal
Fund
One Corporate Center
Rye, New York 10580-1422
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Approximate date of proposed public offering:
As soon as practicable after the effective date of this
Registration Statement.
If any securities being registered on this form will be offered
on a delayed or continuous basis in reliance on Rule 415
under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered
in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans,
check the following box.
o
It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check
appropriate box): when declared effective pursuant to
section 8(c).
CALCULATION
OF REGISTRATION FEE UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
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Proposed Maximum
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Proposed Maximum
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Amount of
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Title of Securities
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Amount Being
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Offering
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Aggregate
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Registration
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Being Registered
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Registered
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Price per Unit
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Offering Price(1)
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Fee(2)
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Common Shares, $0.001 par
value
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23,000,000 shares
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$20.00
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$460,000,000
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$49,220
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(1)
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Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration
fee.
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(2)
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$214.00 was previously paid to the Securities and Exchange
Commission in connection with the initial filing of the
Registration Statement.
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The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on
such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective
date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which
specifically states that this registration statement shall
thereafter become effective in accordance with section 8(a)
of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the registration
statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities
and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said
section 8(a), may determine.
THE
GABELLI GLOBAL DEAL FUND
CROSS REFERENCE SHEET
Part A Prospectus
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Items in Part A of
Form N-2
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Location in Prospectus
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Item 1.
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Outside Front Cover
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Cover Page
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Item 2.
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Cover Pages; Other Offering
Information
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Cover Page
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Item 3.
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Fee Table and Synopsis
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Prospectus Summary; Summary of
Fund Expenses
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Item 4.
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Financial Highlights
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Not Applicable
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Item 5.
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Plan of Distribution
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Cover Page; Prospectus Summary;
Underwriters
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Item 6.
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Selling Shareholders
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Not Applicable
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Item 7.
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Use of Proceeds
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Use of Proceeds; Prospectus Summary
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Item 8.
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General Description of the
Registrant
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Prospectus Summary; Closed-End
Fund Structure
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Item 9.
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Management
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Management of the Fund; Portfolio
Transactions; Custodian and Transfer Agent; Summary of
Fund Expenses
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Item 10.
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Capital Stock, Long-Term Debt, and
Other Securities
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Description of the Shares;
Dividends and Distributions; Automatic Dividend Reinvestment and
Voluntary Cash Purchase Plan; Anti-Takeover Provisions; Taxation
of the Fund
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Item 11.
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Defaults and Arrears on Senior
Securities
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Not Applicable
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Item 12.
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Legal Proceedings
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Not Applicable
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Item 13.
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Table of Contents of the Statement
of Additional Information
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Table of Contents for the
Statement of Additional Information
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Part B
Statement of Additional Information
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Item 14.
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Cover Page
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Cover Page
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Item 15.
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Table of Contents
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Cover Page
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Item 16.
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General Information and History
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Not Applicable
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Item 17.
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Investment Objective and Policies
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Investment Objective and Policies
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Item 18.
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Management
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Management of the Fund; Portfolio
Transactions
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Item 19.
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Control Persons and Principal
Holders of Securities
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Not Applicable
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Item 20.
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Investment Advisory and Other
Services
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Management of the Fund
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Item 21.
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Portfolio Managers
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Not Applicable
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Item 22.
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Brokerage Allocation and Other
Practices
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Portfolio Transactions
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Item 23.
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Tax Status
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Taxation
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Item 24.
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Financial Statements
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Financial Statements
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Part C
Other Information
Items 25-34
have been answered in Part C of this Registration Statement
The
information contained in this prospectus is not complete and may
be changed. We may not sell these securities until the
registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell
these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these
securities in any state where the offer or sale is not
permitted.
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Subject to Completion
Preliminary Prospectus dated
January 26, 2007
PROSPECTUS
Shares
The Gabelli Global Deal
Fund
Common Shares of Beneficial
Interest
$20.00 per Share
The Gabelli Global Deal Fund, or the Fund, is a
newly organized, non-diversified, closed-end management
investment company, formed as a Delaware statutory trust,
registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940. The
Funds investment objective is to achieve absolute returns
in various market conditions without excessive risk of capital.
Absolute returns are defined as positive total returns,
regardless of the direction of securities markets. The Fund will
seek to achieve its objective by investing primarily in merger
arbitrage transactions and, to a lesser extent, in corporate
reorganizations involving stubs, spin-offs and liquidations.
Gabelli Funds, LLC serves as Investment Adviser to
the Fund. An investment in the Fund is not appropriate for all
investors. We cannot assure you that the Fund will achieve its
objective.
The Fund expects the common shares to be listed on the New York
Stock Exchange (NYSE), subject to notice of
issuance, under the symbol GDL.
Because the Fund is newly organized, its shares have no
history of public trading. Shares of closed-end funds often
trade at a discount from net asset value and this creates a risk
of loss for an investor purchasing shares in an initial public
offering.
Investing in the Funds common shares involves risks.
See Risk Factors and Special Considerations on
page 18 for factors that should be considered before
investing in the common shares of the Fund.
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Per Share
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Total
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(1)
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Public Offering Price
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$20
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.00
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$
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Sales Load(2)
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$
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.90
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$
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Estimated offering expenses(3)
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$
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.04
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Proceeds, after expenses, to the
Fund
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$19
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.06
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$
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(1)
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The Fund has granted the Underwriters an option to purchase up
to additional common shares at the
public offering price, less the sales load, within 45 days
of the date of this prospectus solely to cover overallotments,
if any. If such option is exercised in full, the total public
offering price, sales load, estimated offering expenses and
proceeds, after expenses, to the Fund will be
$ ,
$ , $
and $ , respectively. See
Underwriting.
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(2)
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The Fund has agreed to pay the underwriters $.00667 per
common share as a partial reimbursement of expenses incurred in
connection with the offering. Gabelli Funds, LLC has agreed to
pay certain additional compensation to Merrill Lynch, Pierce,
Fenner & Smith Incorporated and a structuring fee to
Citigroup Global Markets Inc. The total amount of this
compensation plus the amounts paid by the Fund for payment of
certain expenses of counsel will not exceed 4.50% of the total
price to the public of the common shares sold in this offering.
See Underwriting.
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(3)
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The aggregate offering expenses (other than sales load) to be
incurred by the Fund are estimated to be
$ .
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Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state
securities commission has approved or disapproved these
securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or
complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal
offense.
The common shares will be ready for delivery on or
about ,
2007.
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Merrill Lynch & Co.
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Citigroup
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A.G. Edwards
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Gabelli & Company,
Inc.
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BB&T Capital
Markets
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Robert W. Baird &
Co.
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Deutsche Bank
Securities
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Ferris, Baker Watts
Incorporated
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J.J.B. Hilliard, W.L. Lyons,
Inc.
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Ladenburg Thalmann & Co.
Inc.
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Oppenheimer & Co. Raymond
James
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Wells Fargo
Securities
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The
date of this prospectus
is ,
2007.
(continued from previous page)
This prospectus sets forth concisely the information about the
Fund that a prospective investor ought to know before investing,
and should be retained for future reference. A Statement of
Additional Information, dated ,
2007 (the SAI), containing additional information
about the Fund, has been filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission and is incorporated by reference in its entirety into
this prospectus. You may request a free copy of the SAI, the
table of contents of which is on page 43 of this
prospectus, and make shareholder inquiries, by calling
(800) GABELLI
(422-3554)
or by writing to the Fund, or obtain a copy (and other
information regarding the Fund, including its annual and
semi-annual reports to shareholders when available) from the
Funds web site (http://www.gabelli.com).
The Funds common shares do not represent a deposit or
obligation of, and are not guaranteed or endorsed by, any bank
or other insured depository institution, and are not federally
insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the
Federal Reserve Board or any other government agency.
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
You should rely only on the information contained or
incorporated by reference in this prospectus. The Fund has not,
and the underwriters have not, authorized anyone to provide you
with different information. If anyone provides you with
different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on
it. The Fund is not, and the underwriters are not, making an
offer to sell these securities in any state where the offer or
sale is not permitted.
i
PROSPECTUS
SUMMARY
This is only a summary. This summary may not contain all of
the information that you should consider before investing in the
common shares. You should review the more detailed information
contained in this prospectus and the SAI.
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The Fund
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The Gabelli Global Deal Fund is a newly organized,
non-diversified, closed-end management investment company
organized under the laws of the State of Delaware. Throughout
this prospectus, we refer to The Gabelli Global Deal Fund as the
Fund or as we, us or
our. See The Fund.
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The Offering
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The Fund is offering common shares of beneficial interest at an
initial offering price of $20.00 per share through a group of
underwriters (the Underwriters) led by Merrill
Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated
(Merrill Lynch). The common shares of beneficial
interest are called common shares in the rest of
this prospectus. You must purchase at least 100 common
shares in order to participate in this offering. The Fund has
given the Underwriters an option to purchase up
to
additional common shares to cover orders in excess of common
shares. The Investment Adviser (together with its affiliates)
intends to purchase at least $25,000,000 of the common shares
sold in the offering. The Investment Adviser has agreed to pay
the Funds offering expenses (other than the sales load)
that exceed $.04 per common share. See Underwriting.
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Investment Objective
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The Funds investment objective is to achieve absolute
returns in various market conditions without excessive risk of
capital. Absolute returns are defined as positive total returns,
regardless of the direction of securities markets. To achieve
its investment objective, the Fund, under normal market
conditions, will invest primarily in securities of companies
(both domestic and foreign) involved in publicly announced
mergers, takeovers, tender offers and leveraged buyouts and, to
a lesser extent, in corporate reorganizations involving stubs,
spin-offs and liquidations. The key determinants of the
profitability of a merger arbitrage transaction are the
probability that the deal will close, the length of time to
closing, the likelihood that the deal price will be increased or
decreased and the level of short-term interest rates.
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Merger arbitrage is a highly specialized investment approach
generally designed to profit from the successful completion of
proposed mergers, takeovers, tender offers and leveraged
buyouts. Broadly speaking, an investor purchases the stock of a
company in the process of being acquired by another company in
anticipation of capturing the spread between the current market
price and the acquisition price. A stub refers to a
small stake in a target company division or subsidiary that is
not purchased by an acquirer in a merger, takeover or leveraged
buyout. The arbitrageur may buy the stub, and if the acquiring
company is successful in boosting the target companys
appeal, the shares will benefit from a boost in price and the
arbitrageur will profit. A spin-off occurs when an independent
company is created from an existing part of another company
through a distribution of new shares. An
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arbitrageur may benefit from the share price differential in the
same manner as in traditional merger arbitrage if, upon
completion of the spin-off, the separate securities trade for
more in the aggregate than the former single security. Finally,
when a company makes the decision to liquidate, or sell all of
its assets, it is often worth more in liquidation than as an
ongoing entity. An arbitrageur benefits when the company is able
to distribute more than the price at which the stock is trading
at the time the arbitrageur acquires its position. In order to
minimize market exposure and volatility of such merger arbitrage
strategies, the Fund may utilize hedging strategies, such as
short selling and the use of options and futures. The Fund may
hold a significant portion of its assets in liquid money market
securities, which may include affiliated or unaffiliated money
market mutual funds.
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As a non-diversified investment company, the Investment Company
Act of 1940 (the 1940 Act) does not limit the
proportion of the Funds assets it may invest in securities
of a single issuer, however, certain tax diversification
requirements will apply at the end of each quarter.
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The Investment Adviser believes that blending traditional merger
arbitrage for announced deals with strategies that focus on
stubs, spin-offs and liquidations will produce absolute returns
in excess of short-term interest rates with less volatility than
the returns typically associated with conventional equity
investing. A systematic and disciplined arbitrage program may
produce attractive rates of return even in flat or down markets.
The Investment Adviser will consider a number of factors in
selecting merger arbitrage transactions in which to invest,
including, but not limited to, the credibility, strategic
motivation, and financial resources of the participants and the
liquidity of the securities involved in the transaction.
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Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of
its assets in securities or hedging arrangements relating to
companies involved in corporate transactions or reorganizations,
giving rise to the possibility of realizing gains upon or within
relatively short periods of time after the completion of such
transactions, or reorganizations. This policy is not fundamental
and may be changed by the Fund with notice of not less than
60 days to its shareholders. In market cycles with scarce
transaction opportunities, the Fund may seek to accomplish its
objective of achieving absolute returns by temporarily investing
in other assets, including, but not limited to, short-term debt
securities, which may make it less likely for the Fund to
achieve an attractive rate of return.
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As a global fund, the Fund may invest without limitation in the
securities of foreign and domestic issuers. The Funds
investment strategy is to invest in merger arbitrage
transactions and corporate reorganizations throughout the world.
As the dollar volume and range of countries involved in
significant merger arbitrage and corporate reorganizations has
increased over the past several years, the Fund expects that its
assets will usually be invested in several
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countries. Under normal market conditions, the Fund expects to
have at least 40% of its assets invested in at least three
countries, other than the United States. To the extent that the
majority of mergers, takeovers, tender offers and leveraged
buyouts and corporate reorganizations are concentrated in any
given geographic region, such as Europe, North America or Asia,
a relatively high proportion of the Funds assets may be
invested in that particular region. See Investment
Objective and Policies.
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Leverage
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The Fund does not currently anticipate borrowing from banks or
other financial institutions, issuing preferred shares or
otherwise leveraging the common shares. However, the Fund will
monitor interest rates and market conditions and anticipates
that it will leverage the common shares at some point in the
future if the Board of Trustees (the Board)
determines that it is in the best interest of the common
shareholders. The use of borrowing techniques or preferred
shares to leverage the common shares may involve greater risk to
common shareholders. The use of leverage may magnify the impact
of changes in net asset value on the holders of common shares.
In addition, the cost of leverage could exceed the return on the
securities acquired with the proceeds of the leverage, thereby
diminishing returns to the holders of the common shares. See
Risk Factors and Special Considerations
Leverage Risk.
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Distributions
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In order to allow its common shareholders to realize a
predictable, but not assured, level of cash flow and some
periodic liquidity from their investment without having to sell
shares, the Board has adopted a policy, which may be modified at
any time, of paying quarterly distributions on its common
shares. The Fund contemplates paying a minimum annual
distribution of 8% of the average net asset value of the Fund to
its common shareholders. Due to the Funds anticipated high
turnover ratio, a substantial portion of the Funds
distribution may consist of short-term capital gains, which are
not tax advantaged. See Risk Factors and Special
Considerations Portfolio Turnover Risk. The
Fund anticipates a level distribution in each of the first three
quarters, principally based on the net asset value of the Fund
at the beginning of each year, and an adjusting distribution in
the fourth quarter of a sufficient amount to pay 8% of the
average net asset value of the Fund, as of the last day of the
four preceding calendar quarters, or to satisfy the minimum
distribution requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986,
as amended (the Code), whichever is greater.
Additionally, the Fund may also increase one or more quarterly
distributions from the base quarterly amount stated based on
realized income. Each quarter, the Board will review the amount
of any potential distribution and the income, capital gains or
capital available. Quarterly distributions to common
shareholders are expected to be paid in March, June, September
and December of each year. See Dividends and
Distributions.
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Automatic Dividend Reinvestment and
Voluntary Cash
Purchase Plan
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Under the Funds Automatic Dividend Reinvestment and
Voluntary Cash Purchase Plan (the Plan), a
shareholder whose common
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shares are registered in his or her own name will have all
distributions reinvested automatically by the transfer agent,
which is agent under the Plan, unless the shareholder elects to
receive cash. See Automatic Dividend Reinvestment and
Voluntary Cash Purchase Plan.
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Taxation
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The Fund expects that taxable distributions paid on the common
shares will consist of (i) investment company taxable
income (other than qualified dividend income), including
interest income, short-term capital gain, and income from
certain hedging and interest rate transactions;
(ii) qualified dividend income (income from domestic and
certain foreign corporations); and (iii) long-term capital
gain (gain from the sale of a capital asset held longer than
12 months). Currently the maximum federal income tax rate
for individuals is 15% on qualified dividend income; 15% on
long-term
capital gain; and 35% on investment company taxable income
(other than qualified dividend income), including short-term
capital gains. These tax rates are scheduled to apply through
2010. The Fund expects that a substantial portion of its income
will consist of short-term capital gains. We cannot assure you
what percentage of the distributions paid on the common shares,
if any, will consist of tax advantaged qualified dividend income
or long-term capital gains or what the tax rates on various
types of income will be in future years.
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If, for any calendar year, the total quarterly distributions
exceed investment company taxable income and net capital gain,
the excess will generally be treated as a tax free return of
capital up to the amount of a shareholders tax basis in
the common shares. Any distributions which (based upon the
Funds full year performance) constitute tax free return of
capital will reduce a shareholders tax basis in the common
shares, thereby increasing such shareholders potential
gain or reducing his or her potential loss on the sale of the
common shares. Any amounts constituting return of capital
distributed to a shareholder in excess of the shareholders
basis in the common shares will generally be taxable to the
shareholder as capital gain. See Taxation.
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Use of Proceeds
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The Fund will use the net proceeds from the offering to purchase
portfolio securities in accordance with its investment objective
and policies. The investment of the proceeds is expected to be
substantially completed within three months; however, changes in
market conditions could result in the Funds anticipated
investment period extending to as long as six months. See
Use of Proceeds.
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Listing
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The common shares are expected to be listed on the NYSE, subject
to notice of issuance, under the trading or ticker
symbol GDL. See Description of the
Shares.
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Risk Factors and Special Considerations
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Merger Arbitrage Risk.
The principal risk
associated with the Funds investment strategy is that
certain of the proposed reorganizations in which the Fund
invests may be renegotiated, terminated or involve a longer time
frame than originally contemplated, in which case losses may be
realized. The Fund
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invests all or a portion of its assets to seek short-term
capital appreciation. This can be expected to increase the
portfolio turnover rate and cause increased brokerage commission
costs. See Risk Factors and Special
Considerations Merger Arbitrage Risk.
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Non-Diversified Status.
As a non-diversified
investment company under the 1940 Act, the Fund is not
limited in the proportion of its assets that may be invested in
securities of a single issuer, and accordingly, an investment in
the Fund may, under certain circumstances, present greater risk
to an investor than an investment in a diversified company. See
Risk Factors and Special Considerations
Non-Diversified Status.
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No Operating History.
The Fund is a newly
organized,
non-diversified,
closed-end management investment company with no operating
history. See Risk Factors and Special
Considerations No Operating History.
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Long-Term Objective; Not a Complete Investment
Program.
The Fund is intended for investors
seeking absolute returns. The Fund is not meant to provide a
vehicle for those who wish to exploit short-term swings in the
stock market. An investment in shares of the Fund should not be
considered a complete investment program. Each shareholder
should take into account the Funds investment objective as
well as the shareholders other investments when
considering an investment in the Fund. See Risk Factors
and Special Considerations Long-Term Objective; Not
a Complete Investment Program.
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Foreign Securities Risk.
The Fund may make
unlimited investments in foreign securities. Investing in
securities of foreign issuers (or foreign governments), which
are generally denominated in foreign currencies, may involve
certain risks and opportunities not typically associated with
investing in domestic issuers. Foreign issuers are not generally
subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial standards
and requirements comparable to those applicable to the U.S.
issuers. See Risk Factors and Special
Considerations Foreign Securities Risk.
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Foreign Currency Risk.
Because the Fund may
invest in securities denominated or quoted in currencies other
than the U.S. dollar, changes in foreign currency exchange rates
may affect the value of securities in the Fund and the
unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments.
Currencies of certain countries may be volatile and therefore
may affect the value of securities denominated in such
currencies, which means that the Funds net asset value
could decline as a result of changes in the exchange rates
between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. See Risk
Factors and Special Considerations Foreign Currency
Risk.
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Lower Grade Securities.
The Fund may make
unlimited investments in fixed income securities rated below
investment grade by recognized statistical rating agencies or
unrated securities of comparable quality, including securities
of issuers in default, which are likely to have the lowest
rating. However, the Fund does
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not expect these investments to exceed 10% of its total assets.
See Risk Factors and Special Considerations
Lower Grade Securities.
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Repurchase Agreement Risk.
The Fund may engage
in repurchase agreement transactions and bears a risk of loss in
the event that the other party to a repurchase agreement
defaults on its obligations and the Fund is delayed in or
prevented from exercising its rights to dispose of the
collateral securities, including the risk of a possible decline
in the value of the underlying securities during the period in
which it seeks to assert these rights. See Risk Factors
and Special Considerations Repurchase Agreement
Risk.
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Issuer-Specific Risk.
The value of an
individual security or particular type of security can be more
volatile than the market as a whole and can perform differently
from the market as a whole. The Fund could lose all of its
investment in any companys securities. See Risk
Factors and Special Considerations
Issuer-Specific
Risk.
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Special Risks of Derivative Transactions.
The
Fund may participate in certain derivative transactions, such as
short selling, purchasing options and selling options, and
entering into futures, forward, swap and other types of
transactions. Such transactions entail execution, counterparty,
market, liquidity, hedging and tax risks. If the Investment
Advisers prediction of movements in the direction of the
securities, foreign currency and interest rate markets is
inaccurate, the consequences may leave the Fund in a worse
position than if it had not used such strategies. See Risk
Factors and Special Considerations Special Risks of
Derivative Transactions.
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Interest Rate Risk.
The Fund may invest in
fixed income securities such as preferred and debt securities,
which gives rise to interest rate risk. Such securities may
decline in value because of changes in market interest rates.
When market interest rates rise, the market value of such
securities generally will fall. To the extent that the Fund
invests in such securities, the net asset value and market price
of common shares tend to decline if market interest rates rise.
Further, while longer term fixed rate securities may pay higher
interest rates than shorter term securities, longer term fixed
rate securities also tend to be more sensitive to interest rate
changes and, accordingly, tend to experience larger changes in
value as a result of interest rate changes. See Risk
Factors and Special Considerations Interest Rate
Risk.
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Inflation Risk.
Inflation risk is the risk
that the value of assets or income from investments will be
worth less in the future as inflation decreases the value of
money. As inflation increases, the real value of the Funds
shares and distributions thereon can decline. In addition,
during any periods of rising inflation, dividend rates of any
variable rate debt securities or preferred shares issued by the
Fund would likely increase, which would tend to further reduce
returns to common shareholders. See Risk Factors and
Special Considerations Inflation Risk.
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6
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Equity Risk.
An inherent risk of investing in
the Fund is equity risk, which is the risk that the securities
held by the Fund will fall in market value due to adverse market
and economic conditions, perceptions regarding the industries in
which the issuers of securities held by the Fund participate and
the particular circumstances and performance of particular
companies whose securities the Fund holds. Depending on such
fluctuations in the market value of securities, the net asset
value of the Fund may at any point in time be less than at the
time the shareholder invested in the Fund, even after taking
into account any reinvestment of distributions. See Risk
Factors and Special Considerations Equity Risk.
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Leverage Risk.
The concept of leveraging is
based on the premise that so long as the cost of the leverage on
the assets to be obtained by the leverage is lower than the
return earned by the Fund on these leveraged assets, the common
shareholders will benefit from the incremental return. Should
the differential between the return produced by the underlying
assets and the cost of leverage narrow, the incremental return
will be reduced. Furthermore, if the cost of the leverage on the
leveraged assets exceeds the return earned by the Fund on these
leveraged assets, the net asset value of the Fund will be
diminished. See Risk Factors and Special
Considerations Leverage Risk.
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Portfolio Turnover Risk.
The investment
policies of the Fund are expected to lead to frequent changes in
investments, which increase transaction costs to the Fund, and
may also result in accelerated recognition of short-term capital
gain, which will be taxable to shareholders when distributed by
the Fund. Unlike long-term capital gains, short-term capital
gains are taxable to individuals at the same rates as ordinary
income. See Risk Factors and Special
Considerations Portfolio Turnover Risk.
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Market Discount Risk.
Common shares of
closed-end investment companies often trade at market prices
that are below their net asset value. Since the market price of
the shares will be affected by such factors as the relative
demand for and supply of the shares in the market, general
market and economic conditions, and other factors beyond the
control of the Fund, we cannot predict whether the shares will
trade at, below, or above net asset value or at, below, or above
the public offering price. We cannot assure you that the
Funds common shares will trade at a price higher than or
equal to their net asset value. See Risk Factors and
Special Considerations Market Discount Risk.
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Common Stock Risk.
Common stock of an issuer
in the Funds portfolio may decline in price if, among
other reasons, the issuer of the security experiences a decline
in its financial condition. See Risk Factors and Special
Considerations Common Stock Risk.
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Management Risk.
The Investment Adviser will
apply investment techniques and risk analyses in making
investment decisions for the Fund, but there can be no guarantee
that these will produce the
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7
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desired results. See Risk Factors and Special
Considerations Management Risk.
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Dependence on Key Personnel.
The Investment
Adviser is dependent upon the expertise of Mr. Mario J.
Gabelli in providing advisory services with respect to the
Funds investments. If the Investment Adviser were to lose
the services of Mr. Gabelli, its ability to service the
Fund could be adversely affected. See Risk Factors and
Special Considerations Dependence on Key
Personnel.
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Tax Risk.
We cannot assure you what percentage
of the distributions paid on the common shares, if any, will
consist of
tax-advantaged
qualified dividend income or long-term capital gains or what the
tax rates on various types of income will be in future years.
See Taxation and Risk Factors and Special
Considerations Tax Risk.
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Current Developments.
As a result of the
terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on
September 11, 2001, some of the U.S. Securities
markets were closed for a
four-day
period. These terrorists attacks, the war in Iraq and its
aftermath and other geopolitical events have led to, and may in
the future lead to, increased short-term market volatility and
may have
long-term
effects on U.S. and world economies and markets. The
nature, scope and duration of the war and occupation cannot be
predicted with any certainty. Similar events in the future or
other disruptions of financial markets could affect interest
rates, securities exchanges, auctions, secondary trading,
ratings, credit risk, inflation, energy prices and other factors
relating to the common shares. See Risk Factors and
Special Considerations Current Developments.
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Anti-Takeover Provisions.
The Funds
governing documents include provisions that could limit the
ability of other entities or persons to acquire control of the
Fund or convert the Fund to an open-end fund. See
Anti-Takeover Provisions of the Funds
Governing Documents.
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Management and Fees
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The Investment Adviser will provide a continuous investment
program for the Funds portfolio and oversee the
administration of all aspects of the Funds business and
affairs. For its services, the Investment Adviser will receive
compensation at a base rate plus a potential performance fee.
The base rate will be an annual rate of 0.50% of the Funds
average weekly managed assets payable monthly in arrears.
Managed assets consist of all of the assets of the Fund without
deduction for borrowings, repurchase transactions and other
leveraging techniques, the liquidation value of any outstanding
preferred shares or other liabilities except for certain
ordinary course expenses. In addition, the Investment Adviser
will be entitled to receive an annual performance fee as of the
end of each calendar year if the total return of the Fund on its
common shares during the calendar year in question exceeds the
total return of an index of three-month U.S. Treasury bills
(the T-Bill Index) during the same period. If the
Funds total return for the calendar
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year equals the total return of the
T-Bill
Index
for the same period plus 3.0% (300 basis points), the
Investment Adviser will receive a performance fee of 0.75% of
the Funds average weekly managed assets during the period.
This performance fee will be increased by 0.01% (one basis
point) for each 0.04% (four basis points) by which the
Funds total return during the period exceeds the
T-Bill
Index
total return plus 3.0% (300 basis points), up to a maximum
performance fee of 1.50% if the excess performance over the
T-Bill
Index
is 6.0% (600 basis points) or greater and will be decreased
at the same rate for the amount by which the Funds total
return during the period is less than the
T-Bill
Index
total return plus 3.0% (300 basis points), until no
performance fee is payable if the Funds total return is
less than or equal to the T-Bill Index total return. See
Management of the Fund.
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Under the performance fee arrangement, the annual rate of the
total fees paid to the Investment Adviser can range from 0.50%
to 2.00% of the Funds average weekly managed assets. A
chart showing the range of total fees to the Investment Adviser
for varying levels of overperformance and underperformance in
relation to varying total returns of the T-Bill Index is set
forth on page 27 under the heading Management of the
Fund Fees of the Investment Adviser.
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The Securities and Exchange Commission, the New York Attorney
General and officials of other states have been conducting
inquiries into, and bringing enforcement and other proceedings
regarding, trading abuses involving open-end investment
companies. The Investment Adviser has received information
requests and subpoenas from the Securities and Exchange
Commission and the New York Attorney General in connection with
these inquiries. The Investment Adviser and its affiliates have
been complying with these requests for documents and testimony
and have implemented additional compliance policies and
procedures in response to recent industry initiatives and their
internal reviews of their mutual fund practices in a variety of
areas. In addition, the Investment Adviser has been in
discussions with the staff of the Securities and Exchange
Commission regarding a possible resolution of their inquiry. For
further details regarding the Investment Advisers review
in connection with these requests and discussions, see
Management of the Fund Regulatory
Matters.
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Anti-Takeover Provisions
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Certain provisions of the Funds Agreement and Declaration
of Trust and By-Laws (collectively, the Governing
Documents) may be regarded as anti-takeover
provisions. Pursuant to these provisions, only one of three
classes of Trustees is elected each year, and the affirmative
vote of the holders of 75% of the outstanding shares of the Fund
is necessary to authorize the conversion of the Fund from a
closed-end to an open-end investment company or to authorize
certain transactions involving the Fund and a beneficial owner
of more than 5% of any class of the Funds capital stock.
The overall effect of these provisions is to render more
difficult the accomplishment of a merger with, or the assumption
of control by, a principal shareholder or the conversion
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of the Fund to an open-end investment company. These provisions
may have the effect of depriving the Funds common
shareholders of an opportunity to sell their shares at a premium
to the prevailing market price. See Anti-Takeover
Provisions of the Funds Governing Documents.
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Custodian, Transfer Agent, and Dividend Disbursing Agent
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Mellon Trust of New England, NA (the Custodian),
located at 135 Santilli Highway, Everett, Massachusetts
02149, serves as the custodian of the Funds assets
pursuant to a custody agreement. Under the custody agreement,
the Custodian holds the Funds assets in compliance with
the 1940 Act. For its services, the Custodian will receive
from the Fund a monthly fee based upon, among other things, the
average value of the total assets of the Fund, plus certain
charges for securities transactions and out of pocket expenses.
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American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, located at
59 Maiden Lane, New York, New York 10038, serves as the
Funds dividend disbursing agent, as agent under the
Funds automatic dividend reinvestment and voluntary cash
purchase plan, and as transfer agent and registrar with respect
to the common shares of the Fund.
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10
SUMMARY
OF FUND EXPENSES
The following table shows Fund expenses as a percentage of net
assets attributable to common shares. Because the Fund has no
operating history, the following tables are based on the
assumption that the Fund has issued 20,000,000 common
shares and has not utilized leverage, although the Fund is
permitted to do so.
Shareholder
Transaction Expenses
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Sales Load Paid By You (as a
percentage of offering price)
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4.50%
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Offering Expenses Borne by the
Fund (as a percentage of offering price)*
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0.20%
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Dividend Reinvestment Plan Fees
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None**
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Percentage of Net Assets
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Annual Expenses
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Attributable to Common Shares
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Management Fees ***
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0.50%
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Interest on Borrowed Funds
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None
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Other Expenses
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0.20%
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Total Annual Expenses
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0.70%
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*
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Gabelli Funds, LLC, the Funds Investment Adviser, has
agreed to pay any of the Funds offering expenses (other
than the sales load) that exceed $.04 per common share (0.20% of
the offering price).
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**
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You will be charged a $1.00 service charge and pay brokerage
charges if you direct the plan agent to sell your common shares
held in a dividend reinvestment account.
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***
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In addition to the management fees set forth in the table, the
Investment Adviser is entitled to receive an annual performance
fee as of the end of any calendar year in which the Funds
total return exceeds the
T-Bill
Index
total return. The performance fee is 0.01% for each 0.04% of
overperformance up to a maximum incremental fee of 1.50%, for a
total fee rate of 2.00%, if the Funds total return equals
or exceeds the T-Bill Index total return plus 6.0%
(600 basis points).
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The purpose of the table above and the example below is to help
you understand all fees and expenses that you, as a holder of
common shares, would bear directly or indirectly. The expenses
shown in the table under Other Expenses and
Total Annual Expenses are based on estimated amounts
for the Funds first year of operations and assume that the
Fund issues 20,000,000 common shares. If the Fund issues fewer
common shares, all other things being equal, these expenses
would increase as a percentage of net assets attributable to
common shares.
The following example illustrates the expenses (including the
sales load of $45 and estimated offering expenses of this
offering of $2) that an investor would pay on a $1,000
investment in common shares, assuming (1) total net annual
expenses of 0.70% of net assets attributable to common shares
and (2) a 5% annual portfolio total return.*
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1 Year
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3 Years
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5 Years
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10 Years
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Total Expenses Incurred
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$
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54
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$
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68
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$
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84
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$
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130
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*
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The example should not be considered a representation of
future expenses.
The example assumes that the estimated
Other Expenses set forth in the Annual Expenses
table are accurate and that all distributions are reinvested at
net asset value. Actual expenses may be greater or less than
those assumed. Moreover, the Funds actual rate of return
may be greater or less than the hypothetical 5% return shown in
the example. The performance fee adjustment under the investment
advisory and management agreement is not included in the
example, because, based upon the current T-Bill Index level and
assuming a 5% annual return, it either would not be payable or
would have an insignificant impact on the expense amounts shown
above. If the Fund achieves sufficient total returns, including
the realization of capital gains, to trigger a performance fee
of a material amount, the expenses of the Fund, and total
returns on its common shares, would be higher.
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11
USE OF
PROCEEDS
The net proceeds of the offering are estimated at approximately
$ ($
if the Underwriters exercise the overallotment option in full),
after deduction of the underwriting discounts and estimated
offering expenses payable by the Fund. The Investment Adviser
expects that it will initially invest the proceeds of the
offering in high quality short-term debt securities and
instruments or one or more money market funds managed by the
Investment Adviser or unaffiliated managers. The Investment
Adviser anticipates that the investment of the proceeds will be
made in accordance with the Funds investment objective and
policies as appropriate investment opportunities are identified.
The investment of the proceeds is expected to substantially be
completed within three months; however, changes in market
conditions could result in the Funds anticipated
investment period extending to as long as six months.
THE
FUND
The Fund is a newly organized, non-diversified, closed-end
management investment company registered under the 1940 Act. The
Fund was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on
October 17, 2006, pursuant to an Agreement and Declaration
of Trust governed by the laws of the State of Delaware. As a
newly organized entity, the Fund has no operating history. The
Funds principal office is located at One Corporate Center,
Rye, New York,
10580-1422
and its telephone number is
(800) 422-3554.
INVESTMENT
OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES
Investment
Objective
The Funds investment objective is to achieve absolute
returns in various market conditions without excessive risk of
capital. Absolute returns are defined as positive total returns,
regardless of the direction of securities markets. The Fund will
seek to achieve its objective by investing primarily in merger
arbitrage transactions and, to a lesser extent, in corporate
reorganizations involving stubs, spin-offs and liquidations.
Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of
its assets in securities or hedging arrangements relating to
companies involved in corporate transactions or reorganizations,
giving rise to the possibility of realizing gains upon or within
relatively short periods of time after the completion of such
transactions or reorganizations.
The Investment Adviser considers the Funds merger
arbitrage investment results to be less volatile than overall
stock price movements. While some periods will be more conducive
to a merger arbitrage strategy than others, a systematic,
disciplined arbitrage program may produce attractive rates of
return even in flat or down markets. Except as otherwise stated,
the Funds investment objective and policies are not
fundamental and may be changed without obtaining approval from
the Funds shareholders.
Investment
Methodology of the Fund
In selecting transactions in which the Fund will invest, the
Investment Adviser normally will consider the following factors,
among others:
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the probability that the targeted acquisition or other
transaction will close;
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the length of time to closing;
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the credibility, strategic motivation and financial resources of
the participants;
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the liquidity of the securities involved in the transaction;
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the issuers free cash flow and long-term earnings trends;
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the likelihood of an overbid; and
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the presence of a catalyst: something indigenous to the issuer,
its industry, or country to surface additional value.
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The Investment Adviser believes that blending traditional merger
arbitrage for announced deals with strategies that focus on
stubs, spin-offs and liquidations will produce absolute returns
in excess of short-term interest rates with less volatility than
the returns typically associated with equity investing. A
systematic and disciplined arbitrage program may produce
attractive rates of return even in flat or down markets.
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Certain
Investment Practices
Merger Arbitrage.
The Fund will invest in the
equity securities of companies which are involved in publicly
announced mergers, takeovers and other corporate
reorganizations. Merger arbitrage is a highly specialized
investment approach generally designed to profit from the
successful completion of proposed mergers, takeovers, tender
offers and leveraged buyouts. Although a variety of strategies
may be employed depending upon the nature of the reorganizations
selected for investment, the most common merger arbitrage
activity involves purchasing the shares of an announced
acquisition target at a discount to their expected value upon
completion of the acquisition. Although investors can utilize
merger arbitrage techniques with respect to companies the
investor believes may soon become subject to a merger proposal
or negotiated transaction, the Fund intends to invest primarily
in publicly announced transactions that have been approved by
the target company.
In general, securities which are the subject of such an offer or
proposal sell at a premium to their historic market price
immediately prior to the announcement of the offer but at a
discount to what the stated or appraised value of the securities
would be if the contemplated transaction were completed.
Investments in these securities may be advantageous when the
discount overstates the risk of the contingencies involved;
undervalues the securities, assets or cash to be received by
shareholders of the prospective portfolio company as a result of
the contemplated transaction; or fails adequately to recognize
the possibility that the offer or proposal may be replaced or
superseded by an offer or proposal of greater value. The
evaluation of such contingencies requires unusually broad
knowledge and experience on the part of the Investment Adviser,
which must appraise not only the value of the issuer and its
component businesses as well as the assets or securities to be
received as a result of the contemplated transaction, but also
the financial resources and business motivation of the offering
party
and/or
the dynamics and business climate when the offer or proposal is
in process. Since such investments are ordinarily short-term in
nature, they will tend to increase the turnover ratio of the
Fund (which may exceed 300%), thereby increasing its brokerage
and other transaction expenses. The Investment Adviser intends
to select investments of this type which, in its view, have
reasonable prospects of capital appreciation which are
significant in relation to both the risk involved and the
potential of available alternative investments.
Depending upon the level of merger activity and other economic
and market conditions, the Fund may temporarily invest a
substantial portion of its assets in other securities, including
money market instruments such as Treasury bills and other
short-term obligations of the U.S. Government, its agencies
or instrumentalities; shares of one or more money market funds
managed by the Investment Adviser or unaffiliated managers;
negotiable bank certificates of deposit; prime commercial paper;
and repurchase agreements with respect to the above securities.
The Fund may use hedging arrangements, including investments in
options and futures, in order to reduce the risk of adverse
price movements in securities it holds, with the goal of
consistently achieving absolute returns. The Fund does not
anticipate that its investments in futures contracts will
require aggregate initial margins and premiums in excess of 5%
of its assets or that the option premiums paid with respect to
outstanding options will exceed 10% of its assets at any
particular time.
As a global fund, the Fund may invest without limitation in the
securities of foreign and domestic issuers. The Funds
investment strategy is to invest in merger arbitrage
transactions and corporate reorganizations throughout the world.
As the dollar volume and range of countries involved in
significant merger arbitrage and corporate reorganizations has
increased over the past several years, the Fund expects that its
assets will usually be invested in several countries. Under
normal market conditions, the Fund expects to have at least 40%
of its assets invested in at least three countries, other than
the United States. To the extent that the majority of mergers,
takeovers, tender offers and leveraged buyouts and corporate
reorganizations are
13
concentrated in any given geographic region, such as Europe,
North America or Asia, a relatively high proportion of the
Funds assets may be invested in that particular region.
Foreign Securities.
The Fund may make
unlimited investments in the securities of
non-United
States issuers, which are generally denominated in foreign
currencies. See Risk Factors and Special
Considerations Foreign Securities Risk. The
Fund may purchase sponsored American Depository Receipts
(ADRs) or United States dollar denominated
securities of foreign issuers. ADRs are receipts issued by
U.S. banks or trust companies in respect of securities of
foreign issuers held on deposit for use in the
U.S. securities markets.
Options.
The Fund may purchase or sell, i.e.,
write, options on securities, securities indices and foreign
currencies which are listed on a national securities exchange or
in the
over-the-counter
(OTC) market as a means of achieving additional
return or of hedging the value of the Funds portfolio. A
call option is a contract that, in return for a premium, gives
the holder of the option the right to buy from the writer of the
call option the security or currency underlying the option at a
specified exercise price at any time during the term of the
option. The writer of the call option has the obligation, upon
exercise of the option, to deliver the underlying security or
currency upon payment of the exercise price during the option
period. A put option is the reverse of a call option, giving the
holder the right, in return for a premium, to sell the
underlying security to the writer at a specified price and
obligating the writer to purchase the underlying security from
the holder at that price.
If the Fund has written an option, it may terminate its
obligation by effecting a closing purchase transaction. This is
accomplished by purchasing an option of the same series as the
option previously written. However, with respect to
exchange-traded options, once the Fund has been assigned an
exercise notice, the Fund will be unable to effect a closing
purchase transaction. Similarly, if the Fund is the holder of an
option it may liquidate its position by effecting a closing sale
transaction on an exchange. This is accomplished by selling an
option of the same series as the option previously purchased.
There can be no assurance that either a closing purchase or sale
transaction can be effected when the Fund so desires.
The Fund will realize a profit from a closing transaction if the
price of the transaction is less than the premium received from
writing the option or is more than the premium paid to purchase
the option; the Fund will realize a loss from a closing
transaction if the price of the transaction is more than the
premium received from writing the option or is less than the
premium paid to purchase the option. Since call option prices
generally reflect increases in the price of the underlying
security, any loss resulting from the repurchase of a call
option may also be wholly or partially offset by unrealized
appreciation of the underlying security. Other principal factors
affecting the market value of a put or a call option include
supply and demand, prevailing interest rates, the current market
price and price volatility of the underlying security, and the
time remaining until the expiration date. Gains and losses on
investment in options depend, in part, on the ability of the
Investment Adviser to predict correctly the effect of these
factors. The use of options cannot serve as a complete hedge
since the price movement of securities underlying the options
will not necessarily follow the price movements of the portfolio
securities subject to the hedge.
An option position may be closed out only on an exchange which
provides a secondary market for an option of the same series or
in a private transaction. Although the Fund will generally
purchase or write only those options for which there appears to
be an active secondary market, there is no assurance that a
liquid secondary market on an exchange will persist for any
particular option. In such event, it might not be possible to
effect closing transactions in particular options, so that the
Fund would have to exercise its options in order to realize any
profit and would incur brokerage commissions upon the exercise
of call options and upon the subsequent disposition of
underlying securities for the exercise of put options.
The sale of covered call options may also be used by the Fund to
reduce the risks associated with individual investments and to
increase total investment return.
Futures Contracts and Options on Futures.
The
Fund may purchase and sell financial futures contracts and
options thereon which are traded on a commodities exchange or
board of trade for certain hedging and risk management purposes.
A financial futures contract is an agreement to purchase or sell
an
14
agreed amount of securities or currencies at a set price for
delivery in the future. These futures contracts and related
options may be on debt securities, financial indices, securities
indices, U.S. government securities and foreign currencies.
The Investment Adviser has claimed an exclusion from the
definition of the term commodity pool operator under
the Commodity Exchange Act and therefore is not subject to
registration under the Commodity Exchange Act. Accordingly, the
Funds investments in derivative instruments described in
this prospectus and the SAI are not limited by or subject to
regulation under the Commodity Exchange Act or otherwise
regulated by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission.
Swaps.
The Fund may enter into total return,
credit default or interest rate swap transactions in order to
manage risks in its portfolio. In a total return swap one party
agrees to pay or receive the total return on a stipulated amount
of security, commodity, index or other reference item in
exchange for the agreement by the counterparty to pay or receive
a fixed or variable amount. In a credit default swap one party
agrees to take on all or a portion of the risk that there will
be a payment default or other credit event with respect to a
particular debt obligation or issuer in exchange for payments by
the counterparty. In an interest rate swap one party agrees to
pay a fixed rate on a stipulated amount of money in exchange for
the agreement by the counterparty to pay a variable rate on that
amount. Swap transactions enable a party to gain or shed
exposure to a particular asset or set of risks without actually
owing or selling of the referenced assets. As such, the Fund may
not have any voting or other rights associated with the
reference assets and accordingly may not be able to exercise any
influence over events affecting such assets.
Short Sales.
The Fund may make short sales of
securities. A short sale is a transaction in which the Fund
sells a security it does not own in anticipation that the market
price of that security will decline. The market value of the
securities sold short of any one issuer will not exceed either
25% of the Funds total assets or 5% of such issuers
voting securities. The Fund also will not make a short sale, if,
after giving effect to such sale, the market value of all
securities sold short exceeds 50% of the value of its assets.
The Fund may also make short sales against the box
without respect to such limitations. In this type of short sale,
at the time of the sale, the Fund owns, or has the immediate and
unconditional right to acquire at no additional cost, the
identical security.
The Fund expects to make short sales both to obtain capital
gains from anticipated declines in securities and as a form of
hedging to offset potential declines in long positions in the
same or similar securities. The short sale of a security is
considered a speculative investment technique. Short sales
against the box may be subject to special tax rules,
one of the effects of which may be to accelerate income to the
Fund.
When the Fund makes a short sale, it must borrow the security
sold short and deliver it to the
broker-dealer
through which it made the short sale in order to satisfy its
obligation to deliver the security upon conclusion of the sale.
The Fund may have to pay a fee to borrow particular securities
and is often obligated to deliver any payments received on such
borrowed securities, such as dividends.
If the price of the security sold short increases between the
time of the short sale and the time the Fund replaces the
borrowed security, the Fund will incur a loss; conversely, if
the price declines, the Fund will realize a capital gain. Any
gain will be decreased, and any loss will be increased, by the
transaction costs incurred by the Fund, including the costs
associated with providing collateral to the broker-dealer
(usually cash, United States government securities or other
highly liquid debt securities) and the maintenance of collateral
with its custodian. Although the Funds gain is limited to
the price at which it sold the security short, its potential
loss is theoretically unlimited.
Derivatives.
Investments in options, futures
and swaps are often referred to as derivatives transactions. The
Fund expects that it will invest in these types of instruments
primarily for hedging and risk management purposes and that its
investments in derivatives and short sales for purposes
unrelated to corporate transactions or reorganizations will not
exceed 5% of its total assets.
There is no specific limit on the proportion of its assets that
the Fund may use to invest in derivatives and conduct short
sales in connection with its investments in corporate
transactions and reorganizations,
15
although the Fund expects that it will not be required to
utilize more than 10% of the assets it has invested in a
particular transaction to hedge its gains in such transaction.
Lower Grade Securities.
The Fund may make
unlimited investments in fixed income securities rated below
investment grade by recognized statistical rating agencies or
unrated securities of comparable quality, including securities
of issuers in default, which are likely to have the lowest
rating. However, the Fund does not expect these investments to
exceed 10% of its total assets. These securities, which may be
preferred stock or debt, are predominantly speculative and
involve major risk exposure to adverse conditions. Debt
securities that are rated lower than BBB by
Standard & Poors Ratings Services, a division of
The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (S&P), or lower
than Baa by Moodys Investors Service, Inc.
(Moodys) or unrated securities considered by
the Investment Adviser to be of comparable quality, are commonly
referred to as junk bonds.
Generally, such lower grade securities and unrated securities of
comparable quality offer a higher current yield than is offered
by higher rated securities, but also (i) will likely have
some quality and protective characteristics that, in the
judgment of the rating organizations, are outweighed by large
uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions and
(ii) are predominantly speculative with respect to the
issuers capacity to pay interest and repay principal in
accordance with the terms of the obligation. The market values
of certain of these securities also tend to be more sensitive to
individual corporate developments and changes in economic
conditions than higher quality bonds. In addition, such
securities generally present a higher degree of credit risk. The
risk of loss due to default by these issuers is significantly
greater because such lower grade securities and unrated
securities of comparable quality generally are unsecured and
frequently are subordinated to the prior payment of senior
indebtedness. In light of these risks, the Investment Adviser,
in evaluating the creditworthiness of an issue, whether rated or
unrated, will take various factors into consideration, which may
include, as applicable, the issuers operating history,
financial resources and its sensitivity to economic conditions
and trends, the market support for the facility financed by the
issue, the perceived ability and integrity of the issuers
management and regulatory matters.
In addition, the market value of securities in lower rated
categories is more volatile than that of higher quality
securities, and the markets in which such lower rated or unrated
securities are traded are more limited than those in which
higher rated securities are traded. The existence of limited
markets may make it more difficult for the Fund to obtain
accurate market quotations for purposes of valuing its portfolio
and calculating its net asset value. Moreover, the lack of a
liquid trading market may restrict the availability of
securities for the Fund to purchase and may also have the effect
of limiting the ability of the Fund to sell securities at their
fair value in response to changes in the economy or the
financial markets.
Lower grade securities also present risks based on payment
expectations. If an issuer calls the obligation for redemption
(often a feature of fixed income securities), the Fund may have
to replace the security with a lower yielding security,
resulting in a decreased return for investors. Also, as the
principal value of nonconvertible bonds and preferred stocks
moves inversely with movements in interest rates, in the event
of rising interest rates the value of the securities held by the
Fund may decline proportionately more than a portfolio
consisting of higher rated securities. Investments in zero
coupon bonds may be more speculative and subject to greater
fluctuations in value due to changes in interest rates than
bonds that pay regular income streams. Current interest rates
are relatively low and, therefore, it is possible that they will
rise in the future.
As part of its investment in lower grade securities, the Fund
may invest in securities of issuers in default. The Fund will
make an investment in securities of issuers in default only when
the Investment Adviser believes that such issuers will honor
their obligations or emerge from bankruptcy protection under a
plan pursuant to which the securities received by the Fund in
exchange for its defaulted securities will have a value in
excess of the Funds investment. By investing in securities
of issuers in default, the Fund bears the risk that these
issuers will not continue to honor their obligations or emerge
from bankruptcy protection or that the value of the securities
will not otherwise appreciate.
In addition to using recognized rating agencies and other
sources, the Investment Adviser also performs its own analysis
of issues in seeking investments that it believes to be
underrated (and thus higher
16
yielding) in light of the financial condition of the issuer. Its
analysis of issuers may include, among other things, current and
anticipated cash flow and borrowing requirements, value of
assets in relation to historical cost, strength of management,
responsiveness to business conditions, credit standing, and
current anticipated results of operations. In selecting
investments for the Fund, the Investment Adviser may also
consider general business conditions, anticipated changes in
interest rates and the outlook for specific industries.
Subsequent to its purchase by the Fund, an issue of securities
may cease to be rated or its rating may be reduced. In addition,
it is possible that statistical rating agencies may change their
ratings of a particular issue to reflect subsequent events.
Moreover, such ratings do not assess the risk of a decline in
market value. None of these events will require the sale of the
securities by the Fund, although the Investment Adviser will
consider these events in determining whether the Fund should
continue to hold the securities.
The market for lower grade and comparable unrated securities has
experienced periods of significantly adverse price and liquidity
several times, particularly at or around times of economic
recessions. Past market recessions have adversely affected the
value of such securities as well as the ability of certain
issuers of such securities to repay principal and pay interest
thereon or to refinance such securities. The market for those
securities may react in a similar fashion in the future.
Forward Foreign Currency Exchange
Contracts.
There is no limit on the Funds
ability to invest in foreign currency exchange contracts, as the
Fund may invest up to 100% of its assets in transactions
involving securities denominated in foreign currencies. The Fund
may hedge up to 100% of its currency exposure.
The Fund may enter into such contracts on a spot, i.e., cash,
basis at the rate then prevailing in the currency exchange
market or on a forward basis, by entering into a forward
contract to purchase or sell currency. A forward contract on
foreign currency is an obligation to purchase or sell a specific
currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days
agreed upon by the parties from the date of the contract at a
price set on the date of the contract. The Fund expects to
invest in forward currency contracts for hedging or currency
risk management purposes and not in order to speculate on
currency exchange rate movements. The Fund will only enter into
forward currency contracts with parties which the Investment
Adviser believes to be creditworthy.
Repurchase Agreement Transactions.
Repurchase
agreements may be seen as loans by the Fund collateralized by
underlying debt securities. Under the terms of a typical
repurchase agreement, the Fund would acquire an underlying debt
obligation for a relatively short period (usually not more than
one week) subject to an obligation of the seller to repurchase,
and the Fund to resell, the obligation at an agreed price and
time. This arrangement results in a fixed rate of return to the
Fund that is not subject to market fluctuations during the
holding period. The Fund bears a risk of loss in the event that
the other party to a repurchase agreement defaults on its
obligations and the Fund is delayed in or prevented from
exercising its rights to dispose of the collateral securities,
including the risk of a possible decline in the value of the
underlying securities during the period in which it seeks to
assert these rights. The Investment Adviser, acting under the
supervision of the Board, reviews the creditworthiness of those
banks and dealers with which the Fund enters into repurchase
agreements to evaluate these risks and monitors on an ongoing
basis the value of the securities subject to repurchase
agreements to ensure that the value is maintained at the
required level. The Fund will not enter into repurchase
agreements with the Investment Adviser or any of its affiliates.
Leverage.
As provided in the 1940 Act and
subject to certain exceptions, the Fund may issue debt or
preferred shares with the condition that immediately after
issuance the value of its total assets, less certain ordinary
course liabilities, exceed 300% of the amount of the debt
outstanding and exceed 200% of the sum of the amount of debt and
preferred shares outstanding. Any such debt or preferred shares
may be convertible in accordance with Securities and Exchange
Commission guidelines, which may permit each fund to obtain
leverage at attractive rates.
The concept of leveraging is based on the premise that so long
as the cost of the leverage on the assets to be obtained by the
leverage is lower than the return earned by the Fund on these
leveraged assets, the common shareholders will benefit from the
incremental return. Should the differential between the return
produced by the underlying assets and the cost of leverage
narrow, the incremental return will be reduced.
17
Furthermore, if the cost of the leverage on the leveraged assets
exceeds the return earned by the Fund on these leveraged assets,
the net asset value of the Fund will be diminished. See
Risk Factors and Special Considerations
Leverage Risk.
An issuance of preferred shares may subject the Fund to certain
restrictions on investments imposed by guidelines of one or more
rating agencies that may issue ratings for any preferred shares
issued by the Fund.
Portfolio
Turnover
The investment policies of the Fund may lead to frequent changes
in investments. Portfolio turnover generally involves some
expense to the Fund, including brokerage commissions or dealer
mark-ups
and
other transaction costs on the sale of securities and
reinvestment in other securities. The portfolio turnover rate is
computed by dividing the lesser of the amount of the securities
purchased or securities sold by the average monthly value of
securities owned during the year (excluding securities whose
maturities at acquisition were one year or less). Higher
portfolio turnover may decrease the after tax return to
individual investors in the Fund to the extent that it results
in a decrease in the portion of the Funds distributions
that is attributable to long-term capital gain. The Fund
anticipates that its portfolio turnover rate will be substantial
and may exceed 300%. See Risk Factors and Special
Considerations Portfolio Turnover Risk.
The Fund has adopted certain investment limitations designed to
limit investment risk. These limitations are fundamental and may
not be changed without the approval of the holders of a
majority, as defined in the 1940 Act, of the outstanding common
shares and preferred shares, if any, voting together as a single
class. See Investment Restrictions in the SAI for a
complete list of the fundamental investment policies of the
Fund. Should the Fund decide to issue debt, preferred shares or
other leverage instruments in the future, it may become subject
to rating agency guidelines that are more limiting than its
fundamental investment restrictions in order to obtain and
maintain a desired rating on such leverage.
RISK
FACTORS AND SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
Investors should consider the following risk factors and special
considerations associated with investing in the Fund.
Merger
Arbitrage Risk
The Funds investment strategy involves investment
techniques and securities holdings that entail risks, in some
cases different from the risks ordinarily associated with
investments in equity securities. The principal risk associated
with the Funds arbitrage investments is that certain of
the proposed reorganizations in which the Fund invests may be
renegotiated, terminated or involve a longer time frame than
originally contemplated, in which case the Fund may realize
losses. Among the factors that affect the level of risk with
respect to the completion of the transaction are the deal spread
and number of bidders, the friendliness of the buyer and seller,
the strategic rationale behind the transaction, the existence of
regulatory hurdles, the level of due diligence completed on the
target company and the ability of the buyer to finance the
transaction. If the spread between the purchase price and the
current price of the sellers stock is small, the risk that
the transaction will not be completed may outweigh the potential
return. If there is very little interest by other potential
buyers in the target company, the risk of loss may be higher
than where there are
back-up
buyers that would allow the arbitrageur to realize a similar
return if the current deal falls through. Unfriendly management
of the target company or change in friendly management in the
middle of a deal increases the risk that the deal will not be
completed even if the target companys board has approved
the transaction and may involve the risk of litigation expense
if the target company pursues litigation in an attempt to
prevent the deal from occurring. The underlying strategy behind
the deal is also a risk consideration because the less a target
company will benefit from a merger or acquisition, the greater
the risk. There is also a risk that an acquiring company may
back out of an announced deal if, in the process of completing
its due diligence of the target company, it discovers something
undesirable about such company. In addition, merger transactions
are also subject to regulatory risk because a merger transaction
often must be approved by a regulatory body or pass
18
governmental antitrust review. All of these factors affect the
timing and likelihood that the transaction will close. Even if
the Investment Adviser selects announced deals with the goal of
mitigating the risks that the transaction will fail to close,
such risks may still delay the closing of such transaction to a
date later than the Fund originally anticipated, reducing the
level of desired return to the Fund.
In recapitalizations, a corporation may restructure its balance
sheet by selling specific assets, significantly leveraging other
assets and creating new classes of equity securities to be
distributed, together with a substantial payment in cash or in
debt securities, to existing shareholders. In connection with
such transactions, there is a risk that the value of the cash
and new securities distributed will not be as high as the cost
of the Funds original investment or that no such
distribution will ultimately be made and the value of the
Funds investment will decline. To the extent an investment
in a company that has undertaken a recapitalization is retained
by the Fund, the Funds risks will generally be comparable
to those associated with investments in highly leveraged
companies, generally including higher than average sensitivity
to
(i) short-term
interest rate fluctuations, (ii) downturns in the general
economy or within a particular industry or (iii) adverse
developments within the company itself.
Merger arbitrage positions are also subject to the risk of
overall market movements. To the extent that a general increase
or decline in equity values affects the stocks involved in a
merger arbitrage position differently, the position may be
exposed to loss.
Finally, merger arbitrage strategies depend for success on the
overall volume of global merger activity, which has historically
been cyclical in nature. During periods when merger activity is
low, it may be difficult or impossible to identify opportunities
for profit or to identify a sufficient number of such
opportunities to provide balance among potential merger
transactions. To the extent that the number of announced deals
and corporate reorganizations decreases or the number of
investors in such transactions increases, it is possible that
merger arbitrage spreads will tighten, causing the profitability
of investing in such transactions to diminish, which will in
turn decrease the returns to the Fund from such investment
activity.
Non-Diversified
Status
The Fund is classified as a non-diversified
investment company under the 1940 Act, which means the Fund is
not limited by the 1940 Act in the proportion of its assets that
may be invested in the securities of a single issuer. As a
non-diversified investment company, the Fund may invest in the
securities of individual issuers to a greater degree than a
diversified investment company. As a result, the Fund may be
more vulnerable to events affecting a single issuer and
therefore subject to greater volatility than a fund that is more
broadly diversified. Accordingly, an investment in the Fund may
present greater risk to an investor than an investment in a
diversified company.
No
Operating History
The Fund is a newly organized, non-diversified, closed-end
management investment company with no operating history.
Long-Term
Objective; Not a Complete Investment Program
The Fund is intended for investors seeking absolute returns. The
Fund is not meant to provide a vehicle for those who wish to
exploit short-term swings in the stock market. An investment in
shares of the Fund should not be considered a complete
investment program. Each shareholder should take into account
the Funds investment objective as well as the
shareholders other investments when considering an
investment in the Fund.
Foreign
Securities Risk
The Fund may invest without limit in the securities of foreign
issuers. Investments in the securities of foreign issuers
involve certain considerations and risks not ordinarily
associated with investments in securities of domestic issuers.
Foreign companies are not generally subject to uniform
accounting, auditing and financial
19
standards and requirements comparable to those applicable to
U.S. companies. Foreign securities exchanges, brokers, and
listed companies may be subject to less government supervision
and regulation than exists in the United States. Dividend and
interest income may be subject to withholding and other foreign
taxes, which may adversely affect the net return on such
investments. There may be difficulty in obtaining or enforcing a
court judgment abroad. In addition, it may be difficult to
effect repatriation of capital invested in certain countries. In
addition, with respect to certain countries, there are risks of
expropriation, confiscatory taxation, political or social
instability or diplomatic developments that could affect assets
of the Fund held in foreign countries.
There may be less publicly available information about a foreign
company than a U.S. company. Foreign securities markets may
have substantially less volume than U.S. securities markets
and some foreign company securities are less liquid than
securities of otherwise comparable U.S. companies. A
portfolio of foreign securities may also be adversely affected
by fluctuations in the rates of exchange between the currencies
of different nations and by exchange control regulations.
Foreign markets also have different clearance and settlement
procedures that could cause the Fund to encounter difficulties
in purchasing and selling securities on such markets and may
result in the Fund missing attractive investment opportunities
or experiencing loss. In addition, a portfolio that includes
foreign securities can expect to have a higher expense ratio
because of the increased transaction costs on
non-U.S. securities
markets and the increased costs of maintaining the custody of
foreign securities. The Fund also may purchase sponsored ADRs or
U.S. dollar-denominated
securities of foreign issuers. ADRs are receipts issued by
United States banks or trust companies in respect of securities
of foreign issuers held on deposit for use in the United States
securities markets. Substantially all of the risks associated
with underlying foreign security apply to the ADRs associated
with that security. In addition, the underlying issuers of
certain depositary receipts, particularly unsponsored or
unregistered depositary receipts, are under no obligation to
distribute shareholder communications to the holders of such
receipts, or to pass through to them any voting rights with
respect to the deposited securities.
Foreign
Currency Risk
Because the Fund may invest in securities denominated or quoted
in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, changes in foreign
currency exchange rates may affect the value of securities in
the Fund and the unrealized appreciation or depreciation of
investments. Currencies of certain countries may be volatile and
therefore may affect the value of securities denominated in such
currencies, which means that the Funds net asset value
could decline as a result of changes in the exchange rates
between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar.
Lower
Grade Securities
The Fund may make unlimited investments in fixed income
securities rated below investment grade by recognized
statistical rating agencies or unrated securities considered by
the Investment Adviser to be of comparable quality, including
securities of issuers in default, which are likely to have the
lowest rating. However, the Fund does not expect these
investments to exceed 10% of its total assets. The Fund may
invest an unlimited percentage of it assets in convertible bonds
of such quality. These high yield securities, also sometimes
referred to as junk bonds, generally pay a premium
above the yields of U.S. government securities or debt
securities of investment grade issuers because they are subject
to greater risks than these securities. These risks, which
reflect their speculative character, include the following:
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greater volatility;
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greater credit risk and risk of default;
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potentially greater sensitivity to general economic or industry
conditions;
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potential lack of attractive resale opportunities
(illiquidity); and
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additional expenses to seek recovery from issuers who default.
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20
In addition, the prices of these lower grade securities are more
sensitive to negative developments, such as a decline in the
issuers revenues or a general economic downturn, than are
the prices of higher grade securities. Lower grade securities
tend to be less liquid than investment grade securities. The
market value of lower grade securities may be more volatile than
the market value of investment grade securities and generally
tends to reflect the markets perception of the
creditworthiness of the issuer and short-term market
developments to a greater extent than investment grade
securities, which primarily reflect fluctuations in general
levels of interest rates.
Ratings are relative and subjective and are not absolute
standards of quality. Securities ratings are based largely on
the issuers historical financial condition and the rating
agencies analysis at the time of rating. Consequently, the
rating assigned to any particular security is not necessarily a
reflection of the issuers current financial condition.
As a part of its investment in lower grade securities, the Fund
may invest in securities of issuers in default. The Fund will
invest in securities of issuers in default only when the
Investment Adviser believes that such issuers will honor their
obligations or emerge from bankruptcy protection and the value
of these securities will appreciate. By investing in the
securities of issuers in default, the Fund bears the risk that
these issuers will not continue to honor their obligations or
emerge from bankruptcy protection or that the value of these
securities will not otherwise appreciate.
Repurchase
Agreement Risk
Repurchase agreements are contracts for the sale and future
repurchase of a financial asset, most often Treasury securities.
At the time the Fund purchases securities pursuant to a
repurchase agreement, it simultaneously agrees to resell and
redeliver such securities to the seller, who also simultaneously
agrees to buy back the securities at a fixed price and time.
This assures a predetermined yield for the Fund during its
holding period, since the resale price is always greater than
the purchase price and reflects an agreed upon market rate. Such
actions afford an opportunity for the Fund to invest temporarily
available cash. The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements
only with respect to obligations of the U.S. Government,
its agencies or instrumentalities; certificates of deposit; or
bankers acceptances in which the Fund may invest.
Repurchase agreements may be considered loans to the seller,
collateralized by the underlying securities. The risk to the
Fund is limited to the ability of the seller to pay the agreed
upon sum on the repurchase date; in the event of default, the
repurchase agreement provides that the Fund is entitled to sell
the underlying collateral. If the value of the collateral
declines after the agreement is entered into, and if the seller
defaults under a repurchase agreement when the value of the
underlying collateral is less than the repurchase price, the
Fund could incur a loss of both principal and interest. The
Investment Adviser monitors the value of the collateral at the
time the action is entered into and on a daily basis during the
term of the repurchase agreement. The Investment Adviser does so
in an effort to determine that the value of the collateral
always equals or exceeds the agreed upon repurchase price to be
paid to the Fund. If the seller were to be subject to a federal
bankruptcy proceeding, the ability of the Fund to liquidate the
collateral could be delayed or impaired because of certain
provisions of the bankruptcy laws.
Issuer-Specific
Risk
The value of an individual security or particular type of
security can be more volatile than the market as a whole and can
perform differently from the market as a whole. The Fund could
lose all of its investment in a companys securities.
Special
Risks of Derivative Transactions
Short sales and investments in options, futures and swaps are
often referred to as derivatives transactions. The Fund expects
that it will utilize these types of instruments primarily for
hedging and risk management purposes and that its investments in
derivatives and short sales for purposes unrelated to corporate
transactions or reorganizations will not exceed 5% of its total
assets. There is no specific limit on the proportion of its
assets that the Fund may use to invest in derivatives and
conduct short sales in connection
21
with its investments in corporate transactions and
reorganizations, although the Fund expects that it will not be
required to utilize more than 10% of the assets it has invested
in a particular transaction to hedge its gains in such
transaction.
Participation in the options or futures markets and in swap and
currency exchange transactions involves investment risks and
transaction costs to which the Fund would not be subject absent
the use of these strategies. If the Investment Advisers
prediction of movements in the direction of the securities,
foreign currency, and interest rate markets or other reference
assets is inaccurate, the consequences may leave the Fund in a
worse position than if it had not used such strategies. Risks
inherent in the use of options, foreign currencies, futures
contracts and options on futures contracts, securities indices
and swaps include:
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dependence on the Investment Advisers ability to predict
correctly movements in the direction of interest rates,
securities prices, currency markets or other reference assets;
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imperfect correlation between the price of options and futures
contracts and options thereon and movements in the prices of the
securities or currencies being hedged;
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the fact that skills needed to use these strategies are
different from those needed to select portfolio securities;
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the possible absence of a liquid secondary market for any
particular instrument at any time;
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the possible need to defer closing out certain hedged positions
to avoid adverse tax consequences;
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the possible inability of the Fund to purchase or sell a
security at a time that otherwise would be favorable for it to
do so, or the possible need for the Fund to sell a security at a
disadvantageous time due to a need for the Fund to maintain
cover or to segregate securities in connection with
the Funds derivatives techniques; and
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the creditworthiness of counterparties.
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Futures Transactions.
The Fund may invest in
futures contracts to an unlimited degree. The Fund does not
anticipate that its investments in futures contracts will
require aggregate initial margins and premiums to exceed 5% of
the fair market value of the Funds assets. Futures and
options on futures entail certain risks including, but not
limited to, the following:
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no assurance that futures contracts or options on futures can be
offset at favorable prices;
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possible reduction of the return of the Fund due to the use of
hedging;
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possible reduction in value of both the securities hedged and
the hedging instrument;
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possible lack of liquidity due to daily limits or price
fluctuations;
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imperfect correlation between the contracts and the securities
being hedged; and
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losses from investing in futures transactions that are
potentially unlimited and the segregation requirements for such
transactions.
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Forward Currency Exchange Contracts.
There is
no limit on the Funds ability to invest in foreign
currency exchange contracts, as the Fund may invest up to 100%
of its assets in transactions involving securities denominated
in foreign currencies. The Fund may hedge up to 100% of its
currency exposure. The use of forward currency contracts may
involve certain risks, including the failure of the counterparty
to perform its obligations under the contract. Further, the use
of forward contracts may not serve as a complete hedge due to an
imperfect correlation between movements in the prices of the
contracts and the prices of the currencies hedged or used for
cover.
Counterparty Risk.
The Fund will be subject to
credit risk with respect to the counterparties to the derivative
contracts purchased by the Fund. If a counterparty becomes
bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations under a
derivative contract due to financial difficulties, the Fund may
experience significant
22
delays in obtaining any recovery under the derivative contract
in bankruptcy or other reorganization proceeding. The Fund may
obtain only a limited recovery or may obtain no recovery in such
circumstances.
Swaps.
The Fund may enter into one or more
swap transactions to attempt to protect itself from increasing
distribution or interest expenses resulting from rising
short-term interest rates or any outstanding leverage. A decline
in interest rates may result in a decline in the value of the
swaps which may result in a decline in the net asset value of
the Fund. A sudden and dramatic decline in interest rates may
result in a significant decline in the net asset value of the
Fund. Swaps and certain other derivatives are a relatively
recent development in the financial markets. Consequently, there
are certain legal, tax and market uncertainties that present
risks in entering into such swaps and other derivatives. There
is currently little or no case law or litigation characterizing
swaps or certain other derivatives, interpreting their
provisions, or characterizing their tax treatment. In addition,
additional regulations and laws may apply to swaps or other
derivatives that have not heretofore been applied. Pending
clarification of these uncertainties, the Fund intends to
utilize these instruments primarily for hedging and risk
management purposes.
For a further description of such derivative instruments, see
Investment Objectives and Policies Additional
Investment Policies in the SAI.
Interest
Rate Risk
The Fund may invest in fixed income securities such as preferred
and debt securities, which gives rise to interest rate risk.
Such securities may decline in value because of changes in
market interest rates. When market interest rates rise, the
market value of such securities generally will fall. To the
extent that the Fund invests in such securities, the net asset
value and market price of common shares tend to decline if
market interest rates rise. Further, while longer term fixed
rate securities may pay higher interest rates than shorter term
securities, longer term fixed rate securities also tend to be
more sensitive to interest rate changes and, accordingly, tend
to experience larger changes in value as a result of interest
rate changes.
During periods of declining interest rates, the issuer of a
security may exercise its option to prepay principal earlier
than scheduled, forcing the Fund to reinvest in lower yielding
securities. This is known as call or prepayment risk. Preferred
and debt securities frequently have call features that allow the
issuer to redeem the securities prior to their stated
maturities. An issuer may redeem an obligation if the issuer can
refinance the debt at a lower cost due to declining interest
rates or an improvement in the credit standing of the issuer.
During periods of rising interest rates, the average life of
certain types of securities may be extended because of slower
than expected principal payments. This may lock in a below
market interest rate, increase the securitys duration and
reduce the value of the security. This is known as extension
risk.
Market interest rates for investment grade fixed income
securities in which the Fund will invest have recently declined
significantly below the historical average rates for such
securities. This decline has increased the risk that these rates
will rise in the future (which would cause the value of the
Funds assets invested in fixed income securities to
decline) and the degree to which net asset values may decline in
such event. However, historical interest rate levels are not
necessarily predictive of future interest rate levels.
Inflation
Risk
Inflation risk is the risk that the value of assets or income
from investments will be worth less in the future as inflation
decreases the value of money. As inflation increases, the real
value of the Funds shares and distributions thereon can
decline. In addition, during any periods of rising inflation,
dividend rates of any variable rate debt securities or preferred
shares issued by the Fund would likely increase, which would
tend to further reduce returns to common shareholders.
Equity
Risk
An inherent risk of investing in the Fund is equity risk, which
is the risk that the securities held by the Fund will fall in
market value due to adverse market and economic conditions,
perceptions regarding the industries in which the issuers of
securities held by the Fund participate and the particular
circumstances and
23
performance of particular companies whose securities the Fund
holds. An investment in the Fund represents an indirect economic
stake in the securities owned by the Fund, which are for the
most part traded on securities exchanges or in the
over-the-counter
markets. The market value of these securities, like other market
investments, may move up or down, sometimes rapidly and
unpredictably, and the prices of most securities in a market can
drop substantially at any time. The net asset value of the Fund
may at any point in time be less than at the time the
shareholder invested in the Fund, even after taking into account
any reinvestment of distributions.
Risk is greater for the securities of small- and
mid-capitalization companies because they generally are more
vulnerable than larger companies to adverse business or economic
developments and they may have more limited resources. The
securities of small- and mid-capitalization companies also may
trade less frequently and in smaller volume than larger
companies. As a result, the value of such securities may be more
volatile than the securities of larger companies, and the Fund
may experience difficulty in purchasing or selling such
securities at the desired time and price. In general these risks
are greater for small-capitalization companies than for
mid-capitalization companies.
Leverage
Risk
Leverage entails two primary risks. The first risk is that the
use of leverage magnifies the impact on the holders of common
shares of changes in net asset value. For example, if the Fund
were to use 33% leverage, it would show a 1.5% increase or
decline in net asset value for each 1% increase or decline in
the value of its total assets. The second risk is that the cost
of leverage could exceed the return on the securities acquired
with the proceeds of leverage, thereby diminishing rather than
enhancing the return to holders of common shares. These two
risks would make the Funds total return to holders of
common shares more volatile were it to use leverage.
If the Fund uses leverage, it may be required to sell
investments in order to meet interest or dividend payments on
the debt or preferred shares when it may be disadvantageous to
do so. In addition, a decline in net asset value could affect
the ability of the Fund to make common share dividend payments
and such a failure to pay dividends or make distributions could
result in the Fund ceasing to qualify as a regulated investment
company under the Code. See Taxation. Finally, if
the asset coverage for debt securities or preferred shares
declines to less than 300% or 200%, respectively (as a result of
market fluctuations or otherwise), the Fund would be required to
sell a portion of its investments to redeem the preferred shares
or repay the debt when it may be disadvantageous to do so.
Portfolio
Turnover Risk
High portfolio turnover may result in increased transaction
costs to the Fund, which may result in higher Fund expenses and
lower total returns. The sale of portfolio securities also may
result in the recognition of capital gain, which may result in
tax liabilities for shareholders, or loss. Given the frequency
of sales, any such net gain may be short-term capital gain.
Unlike long-term capital gain, short-term capital gain is
taxable to shareholders at the same rates as ordinary income.
Market
Discount Risk
Whether investors will realize gains or losses upon the sale of
common shares of the Fund will depend upon the market price of
the shares at the time of sale, which may be less or more than
the Funds net asset value per share. Since the market
price of the shares will be affected by such factors as the
relative demand for and supply of the shares in the market,
general market and economic conditions, and other factors beyond
the control of the Fund, we cannot predict whether the shares
will trade at, below, or above net asset value or at, below, or
above the public offering price. Shares of closed-end funds
often trade at a discount to their net asset values and the
Funds shares may trade at such a discount. This risk may
be greater for investors expecting to sell their shares of the
Fund soon after completion of the public offering. The common
shares of the Fund are designed primarily for long-term
investors, and investors in the shares should not view the Fund
as a vehicle for trading purposes.
24
Common
Stock Risk
Common stock of an issuer in the Funds portfolio may
decline in price if, among other reasons, the issuer of the
security experiences a decline in its financial condition.
Common stock in which the Fund will invest is structurally
subordinated in terms of priority to corporate income and assets
to preferred stock, bonds and other debt instruments in a
companys capital structure and therefore will be subject
to greater dividend risk than preferred stock or debt
instruments of such issuers. In addition, while common stock has
historically generated higher average returns than fixed income
securities, common stock has also experienced significantly more
volatility in those returns.
An adverse event, such as an unfavorable earnings report, may
depress the value of a particular common stock held by the Fund.
Also, the prices of common stocks are sensitive to general
movements in the stock market and a drop in stock market indices
may depress the prices of common stocks to which the Fund has
exposure. Common stock prices fluctuate for several reasons,
including changes in investors perceptions of the
financial condition of an issuer or the general condition of the
relevant stock market, or the occurrence of political or
economic events affecting the issuers. In addition, common stock
prices may be particularly sensitive to rising interest rates,
as the cost of capital rises and borrowing costs increase.
Interest rates recently have been rising and it is possible that
they will rise further.
Management
Risk
The Fund is subject to management risk because its portfolio is
actively managed. The Investment Adviser will apply investment
techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions for
the Fund, but there can be no guarantee that these will produce
the desired results.
Dependence
on Key Personnel
The Investment Adviser is dependent upon the expertise of
Mr. Mario J. Gabelli in providing advisory services with
respect to the Funds investments. If the Investment
Adviser were to lose the services of Mr. Gabelli, its
ability to service the Fund could be adversely affected. There
can be no assurance that a suitable replacement could be found
for Mr. Gabelli in the event of his death, resignation,
retirement or inability to act on behalf of the Investment
Adviser.
Tax
Risk
We cannot assure you what percentage of the distributions paid
on the common shares, if any, will consist of tax-advantaged
qualified dividend income or long-term capital gains or what the
tax rates on various types of income will be in future years.
See Taxation.
Current
Developments
As a result of the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center
and the Pentagon on September 11, 2001, some of the
U.S. securities markets were closed for a
four-day
period. These terrorists attacks, the war in Iraq and its
aftermath and other geopolitical events have led to, and may in
the future lead to, increased short-term market volatility and
may have long-term effects on U.S. and world economies and
markets. The nature, scope and duration of the war and
occupation cannot be predicted with any certainty. Similar
events in the future or other disruptions of financial markets
could affect interest rates, securities exchanges, auctions,
secondary trading, ratings, credit risk, inflation, energy
prices and other factors relating to the common shares.
Anti-Takeover
Provisions
The Funds Governing Documents include provisions that
could limit the ability of other entities or persons to acquire
control of the Fund or convert the Fund to an open-end fund. See
Anti-Takeover Provisions of the Funds Governing
Documents.
25
MANAGEMENT
OF THE FUND
General
The Board (who, with the Funds officers, are described in
the SAI) has overall responsibility for the management of the
Fund. The Board decides upon matters of general policy and
reviews the actions of the Investment Adviser, Gabelli Funds,
LLC, located at One Corporate Center, Rye, New York
10580-1422,
and the
Sub-Administrator
(as defined below). Pursuant to an investment advisory contract
with the Fund, the Investment Adviser, under the supervision of
the Board, provides a continuous investment program for the
Funds portfolio; provides investment research and makes
and executes recommendations for the purchase and sale of
securities; and provides facilities and personnel, including
officers required for its administrative management.
The
Investment Adviser
Gabelli Funds, LLC acts as the Funds Investment Adviser
pursuant to an advisory agreement (the Advisory
Agreement) with the Fund. The Investment Adviser is a New
York corporation with principal offices located at One Corporate
Center, Rye, New York
10580-1422.
The Investment Adviser was organized in 1999 and is the
successor to Gabelli Funds, Inc., which was organized in 1980.
As of September 30, 2006, the Investment Adviser acted as
registered investment adviser to 27 management investment
companies with aggregate net assets of approximately
$13.5 billion. The Investment Adviser, together with other
affiliated investment advisers noted below had assets under
management totaling approximately $26.6 billion as of
September 30, 2006. GAMCO Asset Management Inc., an
affiliate of the Investment Adviser, acts as investment adviser
for individuals, pension trusts, profit sharing trusts,
endowments and other institutional clients, and as a
sub-adviser
to management investment companies having aggregate assets of
approximately $12.2 billion under management as of
September 30, 2006. Gabelli Securities, Inc., an affiliate
of the Investment Adviser, acts as investment adviser for
investment partnerships and entities having aggregate assets of
approximately $500 million under management as of
September 30, 2006. Gabelli Fixed Income LLC, an affiliate
of the Investment Adviser, acts as investment adviser for
separate accounts having aggregate assets of approximately
$54 million under management as of September 30, 2006.
Gabelli Advisers, Inc., an affiliate of the Investment Adviser,
acts as investment manager to The Westwood Funds having
aggregate assets of approximately $400 million under
management as of September 30, 2006.
The Investment Adviser is a wholly-owned subsidiary of GAMCO
Investors, Inc., a New York corporation, whose Class A
common stock is traded on the NYSE under the symbol
GBL. Mr. Mario J. Gabelli may be deemed a
controlling person of the Investment Adviser on the
basis of his ownership of a majority of the stock of GGCP, Inc.,
which owns a majority of the capital stock of GAMCO Investors,
Inc.
The Investment Adviser will provide a continuous investment
program for the Funds portfolio and oversee the
administration of all aspects of the Funds business and
affairs. The Investment Adviser has sole investment discretion
for the Funds assets under the supervision of the Board
and in accordance with the Funds stated policies. The
Investment Adviser will select investments for the Fund and will
place purchase and sale orders on behalf of the Fund.
A discussion regarding the basis for the Board approving the
investment advisory contract will be available in the
Funds first semi-annual report to shareholders dated June,
2007.
Fees of
the Investment Adviser
Gabelli Funds, LLC serves as the Funds investment adviser
at an annual base rate of 0.50% of the Funds average
weekly managed assets payable monthly in arrears. Managed assets
consist of all of the assets of the Fund without deduction for
borrowings, repurchase transactions and other leveraging
techniques, the liquidation value of any outstanding preferred
shares or other liabilities except for certain ordinary course
expenses. In addition, the Investment Adviser will be entitled
to receive an annual performance fee as of the end of each
calendar year if the total return of the Fund on its common
shares during the calendar year in question exceeds the total
return of the T-Bill Index compounded quarterly on the same
dates as the Funds
26
quarterly ex-dividend dates (or at the end of the quarter if no
dividend is paid) during the same period. If the Funds
total return for the calendar year equals the total return of
the T-Bill Index for the same period plus 3.0% (300 basis
points), the Investment Adviser will receive a performance fee
of 0.75% of the Funds average weekly managed assets during
the period. This performance fee will be increased by 0.01% (one
basis point) for each 0.04% (four basis points) by which the
Funds total return during the period exceeds the T-Bill
Index total return plus 3.0% (300 basis points), up to a
maximum performance fee of 1.50% if the excess performance over
the T-Bill Index is 6.0% (600 basis points) or greater and will
be decreased at the same rate for the amount by which the
Funds total return during the period is less than the
T-Bill Index total return plus 3.0% (300 basis points),
until no performance fee is payable if the Funds total
return is less than or equal to the T-Bill Index total return.
For purposes of calculating the Funds performance fee, the
Funds total return will be calculated as the sum of the
Funds change in net asset value per common share from
January 1 (or the date of the Funds commencement of
investment operations, in the case of the Funds first year
of investment operations), through December 31 of each year
plus the amount of distributions per common share in respect of
such period (calculating the number of shares outstanding on a
daily average weighted basis assuming reinvestment of such
distributions at net asset value per share on the ex-dividend
date and assuming solely for purposes of the Funds
performance fee that all issuances and repurchases of shares are
at net asset value). Increases and decreases in the investment
management fee will be accrued as often as net asset value per
common share is calculated and accordingly will affect the total
return on which the rate of the fee is determined.
For purposes of calculating the Funds performance fee, the
T-Bill Indexs total return will be calculated as the sum
of the change in the discount price of the three month Treasury
bill from the first business day after January 1 of each year
(or the date of the Funds commencement of investment
operations, in the case of the Funds first year of
investment operations) to the last business day of each year
plus the weekly yield to maturity interest payments thereon
implied by the discount price thereof and compounded quarterly
on the same dates as the Funds quarterly ex-dividend dates
(or at the end of the quarter if no dividend is paid).
The following chart illustrates the variability of the
Funds investment management fees in various circumstances.
The
Gabelli Global Deal Fund
Total Investment Advisory Fee Rate
(as a percentage of average weekly managed assets)
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T-Bill Index
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The Funds Total Return
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Total Return
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0% or less
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1%
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2%
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3%
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4%
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5%
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6%
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7%
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8%
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9%
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10%
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11%
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12%
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13%
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14%
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2%
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.75
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1.00
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1.25
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1.50
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1.75
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2.00
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2.00
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2.00
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2.00
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2.00
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2.00
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2.00
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3%
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.75
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1.00
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1.25
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1.50
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1.75
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2.00
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2.00
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2.00
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2.00
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2.00
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2.00
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4%
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.75
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1.00
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1.25
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1.50
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1.75
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2.00
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2.00
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2.00
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2.00
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2.00
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5%
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.75
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1.00
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1.25
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1.50
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1.75
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2.00
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2.00
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2.00
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2.00
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6%
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.75
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1.00
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1.25
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1.50
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1.75
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2.00
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2.00
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2.00
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7%
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.75
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1.00
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1.25
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1.50
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1.75
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2.00
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2.00
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8%
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.50
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0.75
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1.00
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1.25
|
|
1.50
|
|
1.75
|
|
2.00
|
Payment
of Expenses
The Investment Adviser is obligated to pay expenses associated
with providing the services contemplated by the Advisory
Agreement between the Fund and the Investment Adviser, including
compensation of and office space for its officers and employees
connected with investment and economic research, trading and
investment management, and administration of the Fund (but
excluding costs associated with the calculation of the net asset
value).
27
In addition to the fees of the Investment Adviser, the Fund is
responsible for the payment of all its other expenses incurred
in the operation of the Fund, which include, among other things,
expenses for legal and independent accountants services;
charges of the Custodian; charges of the transfer agent and
dividend disbursing agent; Securities and Exchange Commission
fees; stock exchange listing fees; fees and expenses
of certain Trustees; chief compliance officer services;
expenses of personnel performing shareholder servicing and
related functions; accounting and printing costs; brokerage
costs; the Funds pro rata portion of membership fees in
trade organizations; expenses of qualifying the Fund for sale in
various states; expenses (including interest) incurred relating
to the use of leverage, if any; rating agency fees, if any;
taxes; litigation and other extraordinary or non-recurring
expenses; and other expenses properly payable by the Fund.
Selection
of Securities Brokers
The Advisory Agreement contains provisions relating to the
selection of securities brokers to effect the portfolio
transactions of the Fund. Under those provisions, the Investment
Adviser may (i) direct Fund portfolio brokerage to
Gabelli & Company, Inc. (Gabelli &
Company) or other broker-dealer affiliates of the
Investment Adviser and (ii) pay commissions to brokers
other than Gabelli & Company that are higher than might
be charged by another qualified broker to obtain brokerage
and/or research services considered by the Investment Adviser to
be useful or desirable for its investment management of the Fund
and/or its other advisory accounts or those of any investment
adviser affiliated with it. The SAI contains further information
about the Advisory Agreement, including a more complete
description of the advisory and expense arrangements,
exculpatory and brokerage provisions, as well as information on
the brokerage practices of the Fund. The Fund expects that a
substantial portion of its portfolio transactions may be
executed through Gabelli & Company so long as the
Investment Adviser and the Board conclude that
Gabelli & Company is able to provide best execution at
a favorable cost.
Portfolio
Management
Mario J. Gabelli currently leads the investment team responsible
for the day to day management of the Fund. Mr. Gabelli has
served as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of GAMCO
Investors, Inc. and its predecessors since 1976.
Mr. Gabelli is the Chief Investment Officer
Value Portfolios for the Investment Adviser and GAMCO Asset
Management Inc. Mr. Gabelli serves as portfolio manager for
several funds in the Gabelli fund family and is a director of
several funds in the family. Because of the diverse nature of
Mr. Gabellis responsibilities, he will devote less
than all of his time to the day to day management of the Fund.
Mr. Gabelli is also Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of
GGCP, Inc. as well as Chairman of the Board of Lynch Interactive
Corporation, a multimedia and communication services company.
The SAI provides additional information such as the portfolio
managers compensation, other accounts managed by the
portfolio manager, and the portfolio managers ownership of
securities in the Fund.
Non-Resident
Trustees
Mario dUrso is not a U.S. resident and substantially
all of his assets may be located outside of the United States.
Mr. dUrso does not have an agent for service of
process in the United States. As a result, it may be difficult
for U.S. investors to effect service of process upon
Mr. dUrso within the United States or to realize
judgments of courts of the United States predicated upon civil
liabilities under the federal securities laws of the United
States. In addition, it is not certain that civil liabilities
predicated upon the federal securities laws on which a valid
judgment of a court in the United States is obtained would be
enforceable in the courts of the jurisdictions in which
Mr. dUrso resides.
Sub-Administrator
The Investment Adviser has entered into a
sub-administration
agreement with PFPC Inc. (the
Sub-Administrator)
pursuant to which the
Sub-Administrator
provides certain administrative services necessary for the
Funds operations, which do not include the investment and
portfolio management services provided by the Investment
Adviser. For these services and the related expenses borne by
the
Sub-Administrator,
the Investment Adviser pays a prorated monthly fee at the annual
rate of 0.0275% of the
28
first $10 billion of the aggregate average net assets of
the Fund and all other funds advised by the Investment Adviser
and Gabelli Advisers, Inc. and administered by the
Sub-Administrator,
0.0125% of the aggregate average net assets exceeding
$10 billion and 0.01% of the aggregate average net assets
in excess of $15 billion. The
Sub-Administrator
has its principal office at 400 Bellevue Parkway, Wilmington,
Delaware 19809.
Regulatory
Matters
The Fund received the following information from the Investment
Adviser.
Over the past several years, the staff of the Securities and
Exchange Commission (the Staff), the staff of the
New York Attorney Generals office (the NYAG),
and officials of other states have been conducting industry-wide
inquiries into, and bringing enforcement and other proceedings
regarding, trading abuses involving open-end investment
companies. The Investment Adviser and its affiliates have
received information requests and subpoenas from the Staff and
the NYAG in connection with these inquiries and have been
complying with these requests for documents and testimony. The
Investment Adviser has implemented additional compliance
policies and procedures in response to recent industry
initiatives and its internal reviews of its mutual fund
practices in a variety of areas. The Investment Adviser has not
found any information that it believes would be material to the
ability of the Investment Adviser to fulfill its obligations
under the Advisory Agreement. More specifically, the Investment
Adviser has found no evidence of arrangements for trading in the
Gabelli mutual funds after the 4:00 p.m. pricing time and
no evidence of improper short-term trading in these funds by its
investment professionals or senior executives. The Investment
Adviser did find that one investor, who had been engaged in
short-term trading in one of the Gabelli mutual funds (the
prospectus of which did not at that time impose limits on
short-term trading) and who had subsequently made an investment
in a hedge fund managed by an affiliate of the Investment
Adviser, was banned from the mutual fund only after certain
other investors were banned. The Investment Adviser believes
that this relationship was not material to the Investment
Adviser. The Investment Adviser also found that certain
discussions took place in 2002 and 2003 between the Investment
Advisers staff and personnel of an investment advisor
regarding possible frequent trading in certain Gabelli domestic
equity funds. In June 2006, the Investment Adviser began
discussions with the Staff regarding a possible resolution of
their inquiry. Since these discussions are ongoing, the
Investment Adviser cannot determine whether they will ultimately
result in a settlement of this matter and, if so, what the terms
of the settlement might be. There can be no assurance that any
resolution of this matter will not have a material adverse
impact on the Investment Adviser or on its ability to fulfill
its obligations under the Advisory Agreement.
The Investment Adviser was informed by the Staff that they may
recommend to the Securities and Exchange Commission that the
Investment Adviser be held accountable for the actions of two
closed-end funds managed by the Investment Adviser relating to
Section 19(a) and
Rule 19a-1
of the 1940 Act. These provisions require registered investment
companies to provide written statements to shareholders when a
distribution is made from a source other than net investment
income. While the two funds sent annual statements containing
the required information and
Form 1099-DIV
statements as required by the IRS, the funds did not send
written statements to shareholders with each distribution in
2002 and 2003. The then existing closed-end funds managed by the
Investment Adviser changed their notification procedures in 2004
and the Investment Adviser believes that all of the funds have
been in compliance with Section 19(a) and
Rule 19a-1
of the 1940 Act since that time. The Staff indicated that they
may recommend to the Securities and Exchange Commission that
administrative remedies be sought, including a monetary penalty.
The Investment Adviser cannot predict whether an administrative
proceeding will be instituted and, if so, what the ultimate
resolution might be. The Investment Adviser currently expects
that any resolution of this matter will not have a material
effect on the Investment Advisers ability to fulfill its
obligations under the Advisory Agreement. If the Securities and
Exchange Commission were to revoke the exemptive order that the
Fund expects to rely upon to make distributions of capital gains
more frequently than annually, the Board may consider whether to
modify or possibly eliminate the Funds current
distribution policy.
29
Portfolio
Transactions
Principal transactions are not entered into with affiliates of
the Fund. However, Gabelli & Company, an affiliate of
the Investment Adviser, may execute portfolio transactions on
stock exchanges and in the
over-the-counter
markets on an agency basis and receive a stated commission
therefor. For a more detailed discussion of the Funds
brokerage allocation practices, see Portfolio
Transactions in the SAI.
Dividends
and Distributions
The Fund intends to distribute substantially all of its net
capital gain each year, but may determine to retain all or part
of any net capital gain for reinvestment. In such event, the
Fund will pay federal income tax on such retained gain and the
Funds shareholders will receive a corresponding tax credit
and increase in the basis of their shares. The Fund contemplates
paying a minimum annual distribution of 8% of the average net
asset value of the Fund to its common shareholders. The Fund
anticipates a level distribution in each of the first three
quarters principally based on the net asset value of the Fund at
the beginning of each year and an adjusting distribution in the
fourth quarter of a sufficient amount to pay 8% of the average
net asset value of the Fund, as of the last day of the four
preceding calendar quarters, or to satisfy the minimum
distribution requirements of the Code, whichever is greater.
Additionally, the Fund may also increase one or more quarterly
distributions from the base quarterly amount stated based on
realized income. Each quarter, the Board will review the amount
of any potential distribution and the income, capital gains or
capital available. Quarterly distributions are expected to be
paid in March, June, September and December of each year. This
policy permits holders of common shares to realize a
predictable, but not assured, level of cash flow and some
liquidity periodically with respect to their common shares
without having to sell shares. To avoid paying income tax at the
corporate level, the Fund will distribute substantially all of
its net investment company taxable income and net capital gains.
In the event that the Funds net investment company taxable
income and net capital gains exceed the total of the Funds
quarterly distributions on common shares and the amount of
distributions on any preferred shares issued by the Fund, the
Fund intends to pay such excess once a year. If, for any
calendar year, the total quarterly distributions on common
shares and the amount of distributions on any preferred shares
issued by the Fund exceed net investment company taxable income
and net capital gain, the excess will generally be treated as a
tax free return of capital up to the amount of a
shareholders tax basis in the common shares. Any
distributions which (based upon the Funds full year
performance) constitute tax free return of capital will reduce a
shareholders tax basis in the common shares, thereby
increasing such shareholders potential gain or reducing
his or her potential loss on the sale of the common shares. Any
amounts distributed to a shareholder in excess of the basis in
the common shares will generally be taxable to the shareholder
as capital gain. See Taxation. Quarterly
distribution notices provided by the Fund to its shareholders
will describe the portion of the quarterly distribution which,
in the Funds current good faith judgment, constitutes
investment company taxable income, capital gain, or a return of
capital. The final determination of the source of such
distributions for federal income tax purposes will be made
shortly after year end based on the Funds actual net
investment company taxable income and net capital gain for the
year and will be communicated to shareholders promptly.
In the event the Fund distributes amounts in excess of its
investment company taxable income and net capital gain, such
distributions will decrease the Funds total assets and,
therefore, have the likely effect of increasing the Funds
expense ratio as the Funds fixed expenses will become a
larger percentage of the Funds average net assets. In
addition, in order to make such distributions, the Fund may have
to sell a portion of its investment portfolio at a time when it
is disadvantageous to do so.
The Fund, along with other closed-end registered investment
companies advised by the Investment Adviser, is covered by an
exemption from Section 19(b) of the 1940 Act and
Rule 19b-1
thereunder permitting the Fund to make periodic distributions of
long-term capital gains provided that any distribution policy of
the Fund with respect to its common shares calls for periodic
(e.g., quarterly or semi-annually, but in no event more
frequently than monthly) distributions in an amount equal to a
fixed percentage of the Funds average net asset value over
a specified period of time or market price per common share at
or about the time of distribution or payment of a fixed dollar
amount. The Funds current policy is to make quarterly
30
distributions to holders of its common shares. The exemption
also permits the Fund to make such distributions with respect to
its preferred shares, if any, in accordance with such
shares terms.
Automatic
Dividend Reinvestment and Voluntary Cash Purchase Plan
Under the Funds Automatic Dividend Reinvestment and
Voluntary Cash Purchase Plan (the Plan), a
shareholder whose common shares are registered in his or her own
name will have all distributions reinvested automatically by the
transfer agent, which is agent under the Plan, unless the
shareholder elects to receive cash. Distributions with respect
to shares registered in the name of a broker-dealer or other
nominee (that is, in street name) will be reinvested
by the broker or nominee in additional shares under the Plan,
unless the service is not provided by the broker or nominee or
the shareholder elects to receive distributions in cash.
Investors who own common shares registered in street name should
consult their broker-dealers for details regarding reinvestment.
All distributions to investors who do not participate in the
Plan will be paid by check mailed directly to the record holder
by the transfer agent as dividend disbursing agent.
Under the Plan, whenever the market price of the common shares
is equal to or exceeds net asset value at the time shares are
valued for purposes of determining the number of shares
equivalent to the cash distribution, participants in the Plan
are issued common shares, valued at the greater of (i) the
net asset value as most recently determined or (ii) 95% of
the then current market price of the common shares. The
valuation date is the distribution payment date or, if that date
is not a NYSE trading day, the next trading day. If the net
asset value of the common shares at the time of valuation
exceeds the market price of the common shares, participants will
receive shares purchased by the Plan agent in the open market.
If the Fund should declare a distribution payable only in cash,
the Plan agent will buy the common shares for such Plan in the
open market, on the NYSE or elsewhere, for the
participants accounts, except that the Plan agent will
endeavor to terminate purchases in the open market and cause the
Fund to issue shares at the greater of net asset value or 95% of
market value if, following the commencement of such purchases,
the market value of the common shares exceeds net asset value.
Participants in the Plan have the option of making additional
cash payments to the Plan agent,
semi-monthly,
for investment in the shares at the then current market price.
Such payments may be made in any amount from $250 to $10,000.
The Plan agent will use all funds received from participants to
purchase shares of the Fund in the open market on or about the
1st or 15th of each month. The Plan agent will charge
each shareholder who participates $1.00, plus a pro rata share
of the brokerage commissions. Brokerage charges for such
purchases are expected to be less than the usual brokerage
charge for such transactions. It is suggested that participants
send voluntary cash payments to the Plan agent in a manner that
ensures that the Plan agent will receive these payments
approximately 10 days before the 1st or 15th of
the month. A participant may without charge withdraw a voluntary
cash payment by written notice, if the notice is received by the
Plan agent at least 48 hours before such payment is to be
invested.
The Plan agent maintains all shareholder accounts in the Plan
and furnishes written confirmations of all transactions in the
account, including information needed by shareholders for
personal and tax records. Shares in the account of each Plan
participant will be held by the Plan agent in noncertificated
form in the name of the participant. A Plan participant may send
its share certificates to the Plan agent so that the shares
represented by such certificates will be held by the Plan agent
in the participants shareholder account under the Plan.
In the case of shareholders such as banks, brokers or nominees,
which hold shares for others who are the beneficial owners, the
Plan agent will administer the Plan on the basis of the number
of shares certified from time to time by the shareholder as
representing the total amount registered in the
shareholders name and held for the account of beneficial
owners who participate in the Plan.
The Fund reserves the right to amend or terminate its Plan as
applied to any voluntary cash payments made and any distribution
paid subsequent to written notice of the change sent to the
members of such Plan at least 90 days before the record
date for such distribution. The Plan also may be amended or
terminated by the Plan agent on at least 90 days written
notice to the participants in such Plan. All correspondence
concerning the Plan should be directed to the transfer agent.
31
DESCRIPTION
OF THE SHARES
The following is a brief description of the terms of the
common shares. This description does not purport to be complete
and is qualified by reference to the Funds Governing
Documents. For complete terms of the common shares, please refer
to the actual terms of such series, which are set forth in the
Governing Documents.
Common
Shares
The Fund is an unincorporated statutory trust organized under
the laws of Delaware pursuant to a Certificate of Trust dated as
of October 17, 2006. The Fund is authorized to issue an
unlimited number of common shares of beneficial interest, par
value $0.001 per share. Each common share has one vote and,
when issued and paid for in accordance with the terms of this
offering, will be fully paid and non-assessable. Though the Fund
expects to pay distributions quarterly on the common shares, it
is not obligated to do so. All common shares are equal as to
distributions, assets and voting privileges and have no
conversion, preemptive or other subscription rights. The Fund
will send annual and semi-annual reports, including financial
statements, to all holders of its shares.
The Fund has no present intention of offering any additional
common shares. Any additional offerings of shares will require
approval by the Board. Any additional offering of common shares
will be subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act, which
provides that shares may not be issued at a price below the then
current net asset value, exclusive of sales load, except in
connection with an offering to existing holders of common shares
or with the consent of a majority of the Funds outstanding
voting securities.
The Funds common shares are expected to be approved for
listing on the NYSE, subject to notice of issuance, under the
symbol GDL.
The Funds net asset value per share will be reduced
immediately following the offering of common shares by the
amount of the sales load and offering expenses paid by the Fund.
See Use of Proceeds. Unlike open-end funds,
closed-end funds like the Fund do not continuously offer shares
and do not provide daily redemptions. Rather, if a shareholder
determines to buy additional common shares or sell shares
already held, the shareholder may do so by trading through a
broker on the NYSE or otherwise.
Shares of closed-end investment companies often trade on an
exchange at prices lower than net asset value. Because the
market value of the common shares may be influenced by such
factors as distribution levels (which are in turn affected by
expenses), distribution stability, net asset value, relative
demand for and supply of such shares in the market, general
market and economic conditions and other factors beyond the
control of the Fund, the Fund cannot assure you that common
shares will trade at a price equal to or higher than net asset
value in the future. The common shares are designed primarily
for long-term investors and you should not purchase the common
shares if you intend to sell them soon after purchase.
The Funds common shareholders will vote as a single class
to elect the Board (subject to the special voting rights of
preferred shares, if any) and on additional matters with respect
to which the 1940 Act, the Funds Governing Documents or
resolutions adopted by the Board provide for a vote of the
Funds common shareholders. See Anti-Takeover
Provisions of the Funds Governing Documents.
Book-Entry
The common shares will initially be held in the name of
Cede & Co. as nominee for the Depository Trust Company
(DTC). The Fund will treat Cede & Co. as
the holder of record of the common shares for all purposes. In
accordance with the procedures of DTC, however, purchasers of
common shares will be deemed the beneficial owners of shares
purchased for purposes of distributions, voting, and liquidation
rights. Purchasers of common shares may obtain registered
certificates by contacting the transfer agent.
32
ANTI-TAKEOVER
PROVISIONS OF THE FUNDS GOVERNING DOCUMENTS
The Fund presently has provisions in its Governing Documents
which could have the effect of limiting, in each case,
(i) the ability of other entities or persons to acquire
control of the Fund, (ii) the Funds freedom to engage
in certain transactions, or (iii) the ability of the
Funds Trustees or shareholders to amend the Governing
Documents or effectuate changes in the Funds management.
These provisions of the Governing Documents of the Fund may be
regarded as anti-takeover provisions. The Board is
divided into three classes, each having a term of no more than
three years (except, to ensure that the term of a class of the
Funds Trustees expires each year, one class of the
Funds Trustees will serve an initial one year term and
three year terms thereafter and another class of its Trustees
will serve an initial two year term and three year terms
thereafter). Each year the term of one class of Trustees will
expire. Accordingly, only those Trustees in one class may be
changed in any one year, and it would require a minimum of two
years to change a majority of the Board. Such system of electing
trustees may have the effect of maintaining the continuity of
management and, thus, make it more difficult for the
shareholders of the Fund to change the majority of Trustees. See
Management of the Fund Trustees and
Officers in the SAI. A Trustee of the Fund may be removed
with or without cause by two-thirds of the remaining Trustees
and, without cause, by
66
2
/
3
%
of the votes entitled to be cast for the election of such
Trustees. Special voting requirements of 75% of the outstanding
voting shares (in addition to any required class votes) apply to
mergers into or a sale of all or substantially all of the
Funds assets, liquidation, conversion of the Fund into an
open-end fund or interval fund, and amendments to several
provisions of the Declaration of Trust, including the foregoing
provisions. In addition, after completion of the offering,
holders of 80% of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund,
voting together as a single class, are generally required in
order to authorize any of the following transactions:
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merger or consolidation of the Fund with or into any other
entity;
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issuance of any securities of the Fund to any person or entity
for cash, other than pursuant to the Dividend and Reinvestment
Plan or any offering if such person or entity acquires no
greater percentage of the securities offered than the percentage
beneficially owned by such person or entity immediately prior to
such offering or, in the case of a class or series not then
beneficially owned by such person or entity, the percentage of
common shares beneficially owned by such person or entity
immediately prior to such offering;
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sale, lease, or exchange of all or any substantial part of the
assets of the Fund to any entity or person (except assets having
an aggregate fair market value of less than $5,000,000);
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sale, lease, or exchange to the Fund, in exchange for securities
of the Fund, of any assets of any entity or person (except
assets having an aggregate fair market value of less than
$5,000,000); or
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the purchase of the Funds common shares by the Fund from
any person or entity other than pursuant to a tender offer
equally available to other shareholders in which such person or
entity tenders no greater percentage of common shares than are
tendered by all other shareholders.
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If such person or entity is directly or indirectly through
affiliates, the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the
outstanding shares of the Fund, however, such vote would not be
required when, under certain conditions, the Board approves the
transaction.
In addition, shareholders have no authority to adopt, amend or
repeal the Funds By-Laws. The Trustees have authority to
adopt, amend and repeal the Funds By-Laws consistent with
the Declaration of Trust (including to require approval by the
holders of a majority of the outstanding shares for the election
of Trustees).
The provisions of the Governing Documents described above could
have the effect of depriving the owners of shares in the Fund of
opportunities to sell their shares at a premium over prevailing
market prices by discouraging a third party from seeking to
obtain control of the Fund in a tender offer or similar
transaction. The overall effect of these provisions is to render
more difficult the accomplishment of a merger or the assumption
of control by a principal shareholder.
33
The Governing Documents of the Fund are on file with the
Securities and Exchange Commission. For the full text of these
provisions see Additional Information.
CLOSED-END
FUND STRUCTURE
The Fund is a newly organized, non-diversified, closed-end
management investment company (commonly referred to as a
closed-end fund). Closed-end funds differ from open-end funds
(which are generally referred to as mutual funds) in that
closed-end funds generally list their shares for trading on a
stock exchange and do not redeem their shares at the request of
the shareholder. This means that if you wish to sell your shares
of a closed-end fund you must trade them on the market like any
other stock at the prevailing market price at that time. In a
mutual fund, if the shareholder wishes to sell shares of the
fund, the mutual fund will redeem or buy back the shares at
net asset value. Also, mutual funds generally offer
new shares on a continuous basis to new investors, and
closed-end funds generally do not. The continuous inflows and
outflows of assets in a mutual fund can make it difficult to
manage the Funds investments. By comparison, closed-end
funds are generally able to stay more fully invested in
securities that are consistent with their investment objective,
and also have greater flexibility to make certain types of
investments, and to use certain investment strategies, such as
financial leverage and investments in illiquid securities.
Shares of closed-end funds often trade at a discount to their
net asset value. Because of this possibility and the recognition
that any such discount may not be in the interest of
shareholders, the Funds Board might consider from time to
time engaging in open market repurchases, tender offers for
shares or other programs intended to reduce the discount. We
cannot guarantee or assure, however, that the Board will decide
to engage in any of these actions. Nor is there any guarantee or
assurance that such actions, if undertaken, would result in the
shares trading at a price equal or close to net asset value per
share. We cannot assure you that the Funds common shares
will not trade at a discount.
REPURCHASE
OF COMMON SHARES
The Fund is a non-diversified, closed-end management investment
company and as such its shareholders do not, and will not, have
the right to require the Fund to repurchase their shares. The
Fund, however, may repurchase its common shares from time to
time as and when it deems such a repurchase advisable. The Board
has authorized such repurchases to be made when the Funds
common shares are trading at a discount from net asset value of
7.5% or more (or such other percentage as the Board may
determine from time to time). Pursuant to the 1940 Act, the Fund
may repurchase its common shares on a securities exchange
(provided that the Fund has informed its shareholders within the
preceding six months of its intention to repurchase such shares)
or pursuant to tenders and may also repurchase shares privately
if the Fund meets certain conditions regarding, among other
things, distribution of net income for the preceding fiscal
year, status of the seller, price paid, brokerage commissions,
prior notice to shareholders of an intention to purchase shares,
and purchasing in a manner and on a basis that does not
discriminate unfairly against the other shareholders through
their interest in the Fund.
When the Fund repurchases its common shares for a price below
net asset value, the net asset value of the common shares that
remain outstanding shares will be enhanced, but this does not
necessarily mean that the market price of the outstanding common
shares will be affected, either positively or negatively. The
repurchase of common shares will reduce the total assets of the
Fund available for investment and may increase the Funds
expense ratio.
NET ASSET
VALUE
For purposes of determining the Funds net asset value per
share, portfolio securities listed or traded on a nationally
recognized securities exchange or traded in the
U.S. over-the-counter
market for which market quotations are readily available are
valued at the last quoted sale price or a markets official
closing price as of the close of business on the day the
securities are being valued. If there were no sales that day,
the security is valued at the average of the closing bid and
asked prices, or, if there were no asked prices quoted on such
day,
34
the security is valued at the most recently available price or,
if the Board so determines, by such other method as the Board
shall determine in good faith, to reflect its fair market value.
Portfolio securities traded on more than one national securities
exchange or market are valued according to the broadest and most
representative market, as determined by the Adviser.
Portfolio securities primarily traded on foreign markets are
generally valued at the preceding closing values of such
securities on their respective exchanges, but may be fair valued
pursuant to procedures established by the Board if market
conditions change significantly after the close of the foreign
market but prior to the close of business on the day the
securities are being valued. Debt instruments with remaining
maturities of 60 days or less that are not credit impaired
are valued at amortized cost, unless the Board determines such
does not reflect fair value, in which case these securities will
be valued at their fair value as determined by the Board. Debt
instruments having a maturity greater than 60 days for
which market quotations are readily available are valued at the
latest average of the bid and asked prices. If there were no
asked prices quoted on such day, the security is valued using
the closing bid price. Futures contracts are valued at the
closing settlement price of the exchange or board of trade on
which the applicable contract is traded.
Securities and other assets for which market quotations are not
readily available are valued at their fair value as determined
in good faith under procedures established by and under the
general supervision of the Board. Fair valuation methodologies
and procedures may include, but are not limited to, analysis and
review of available financial and non-financial information
about the company; comparisons to the valuation and changes in
valuation of similar securities, including a comparison of
foreign securities to the equivalent United States dollar value
ADR securities at the close of the U.S. exchange; and
evaluation of any other information that could be indicative of
the value of the security.
The Fund obtains valuations on the basis of prices provided by
one or more pricing services approved by the Board. All other
investment assets, including restricted and not readily
marketable securities, are valued in good faith at fair value
under procedures established by and under the general
supervision and responsibility of the Funds Board. In
addition, whenever developments in one or more securities
markets after the close of the principal markets for one or more
portfolio securities and before the time as of which the Fund
determines its net asset value would, if such developments had
been reflected in such principal markets, likely have more than
a minimal effect on the Funds net asset value per share,
the Fund may fair value such portfolio securities based on
available market information as of the time the Fund determines
its net asset value.
TAXATION
The following discussion is a brief summary of certain
U.S. federal income tax considerations affecting the Fund
and its shareholders. The discussion reflects applicable tax
laws of the United States as of the date of this prospectus,
which tax laws may be changed or subject to new interpretations
by the courts or the Internal Revenue Service (the
IRS) retroactively or prospectively. No attempt is
made to present a detailed explanation of all United States
federal, state, local and foreign tax concerns affecting the
Fund and its shareholders (including shareholders owning large
positions in the Fund), and the discussion set forth herein does
not constitute tax advice. Investors are urged to consult their
own tax advisers to determine the tax consequences to them of
investing in the Fund.
Taxation
of the Fund
The Fund intends to elect to be treated and to qualify annually
as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the
Code. Accordingly, the Fund must, among other things,
(i) derive in each taxable year at least 90% of its gross
income from (a) dividends, interest (including tax-exempt
interest), payments with respect to certain securities loans,
and gains from the sale or other disposition of stock,
securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including but
not limited to gain from options, futures and forward contracts)
derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock,
securities or currencies and (b) net income derived from
interests in certain publicly traded partnerships that are
treated as partnerships for United States federal income tax
purposes and that derive less than 90% of their gross income
from the items
35
described in (a) above (each a Qualified Publicly
Traded Partnership); and (ii) diversify its holdings
so that, at the end of each quarter of each taxable year
(a) at least 50% of the value of the Funds total
assets is represented by cash and cash items, United States
government securities, the securities of other regulated
investment companies and other securities, with such other
securities limited, in respect of any one issuer, to an amount
not greater than 5% of the value of the Funds total assets
and not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of
such issuer and (b) not more than 25% of the value of the
Funds total assets is invested in the securities of
(I) any one issuer (other than U.S. government securities
and the securities of other regulated investment companies),
(II) any two or more issuers that the Fund controls and
that are determined to be engaged in the same business or
similar or related trades or businesses or (III) any one or
more Qualified Publicly Traded Partnerships.
The Funds investments in partnerships, including in
Qualified Publicly Traded Partnerships, may result in the Fund
being subject to state, local or foreign income, franchise or
withholding tax liabilities.
As a regulated investment company, the Fund generally will not
be subject to United States federal income tax on income and
gains that it distributes each taxable year to shareholders, if
it distributes at least 90% of the sum of (i) the
Funds investment company taxable income (which includes,
among other items, dividends, interest and the excess of any net
short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses and
other taxable income, other than any net capital gain (as
defined below), reduced by deductible expenses) determined
without regard to the deduction for dividends and distributions
paid and (ii) its net tax-exempt interest income (the
excess of its gross tax-exempt interest income over certain
disallowed deductions). The Fund intends to distribute at least
annually substantially all of such income. The Fund will be
subject to income tax at regular corporate rates on any taxable
income or gains that it does not distribute to its shareholders.
Amounts not distributed on a timely basis in accordance with a
calendar year distribution requirement are subject to a
nondeductible 4% excise tax at the Fund level. To avoid the tax,
the Fund must distribute during each calendar year an amount at
least equal to the sum of (i) 98% of its ordinary income
(not taking into account any capital gains or losses) for the
calendar year, (ii) 98% of its capital gains in excess of
its capital losses (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) for a
one-year period generally ending on October 31 of the
calendar year (unless an election is made to use the Funds
fiscal year), and (iii) certain undistributed amounts from
previous years on which the Fund paid no United States federal
income tax. While the Fund intends to distribute any income and
capital gains in the manner necessary to minimize imposition of
the 4% excise tax, there can be no assurance that sufficient
amounts of the Funds taxable income and capital gains will
be distributed to avoid entirely the imposition of the tax. In
that event, the Fund will be liable for the tax only on the
amount by which it does not meet the foregoing distribution
requirement.
If for any taxable year the Fund does not qualify as a regulated
investment company, all of its taxable income (including its net
capital gain) will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates
without any deduction for distributions to shareholders.
Taxation
of Shareholders
Distributions paid to you by the Fund from its investment
company taxable income, which includes the excess of net
short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses
(together referred to hereinafter as ordinary income
dividends), are generally taxable to you as ordinary
income to the extent of the Funds earnings and profits.
Such distributions (if designated by the Fund) may, however,
qualify (provided holding periods and other requirements are
met) (i) for the dividends received deduction in the case
of corporate shareholders to the extent that the Funds
income consists of dividend income from U.S. corporations, and
(ii) for taxable years through December 31, 2010, as
qualified dividend income eligible for the reduced maximum
United States federal rate to individuals of generally 15% (5%
for individuals in lower tax brackets) to the extent that the
Fund receives qualified dividend income. Qualified dividend
income is, in general, dividend income from taxable domestic
corporations and certain foreign corporations (e.g., generally,
foreign corporations incorporated in a possession of the United
States or in certain countries with a qualified comprehensive
tax treaty with the United States, or whose stock with respect
to which such dividend is paid is
36
readily tradable on an established securities market in the
United States). There can be no assurance as to what portion of
the Funds ordinary income dividends will constitute
qualified dividend income. Distributions made to you from net
capital gain, which is the excess of net long-term capital gains
over net short-term capital losses (capital gain
dividends), including capital gain dividends credited to
you but retained by the Fund, are taxable to you as long-term
capital gains if they have been properly designated by the Fund,
regardless of the length of time you have owned common shares of
the Fund. The maximum United States federal tax rate on net
long-term capital gain of individuals is generally 15% (5% for
individuals in lower brackets) for such gain realized in a
taxable year beginning before January 1, 2011.
If, for any calendar year, the total distributions exceed both
current earnings and profits and accumulated earnings and
profits, the excess will generally be treated as a tax-free
return of capital up to the amount of a shareholders tax
basis in the common shares. The amount treated as a tax-free
return of capital will reduce a shareholders tax basis in
the common shares, thereby increasing such shareholders
potential gain or reducing his or her potential loss on the sale
of the common shares. Any amounts distributed to a shareholder
in excess of his or her basis in the common shares will be
taxable to the shareholder as capital gain (assuming your common
shares are held as a capital asset).
Generally, not later than 60 days after the close of its
taxable year, the Fund will provide you with a written notice
designating the amount of any qualified dividend income or
capital gain dividends and other distributions.
The sale or other disposition of common shares of the Fund will
generally result in gain or loss to you, and will be long-term
capital gain or loss if the common shares have been held for
more than one year at the time of sale and are a capital asset
in your hands. Any loss upon the sale or exchange of Fund common
shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term
capital loss to the extent of any capital gain dividends
received (including amounts credited as an undistributed capital
gain dividend) by you. Any loss you realize on a sale or
exchange of common shares of the Fund will be disallowed if you
acquire other common shares of the Fund (whether through the
automatic reinvestment of dividends or otherwise) within a
61-day
period beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days
after your sale or exchange of the common shares. In such case,
the basis of the common shares acquired will be adjusted to
reflect the disallowed loss. Present law taxes both long-term
and short-term capital gains of corporations at the rates
applicable to ordinary income.
Dividends and other taxable distributions are taxable to you
even though they are reinvested in additional common shares of
the Fund. If the Fund pays you a dividend or makes a
distribution in January that was declared in the previous
October, November or December to shareholders of record on a
specified date in one of such months, then such dividend or
distribution will be treated for tax purposes as being paid by
the Fund and received by you on December 31 of the year in
which the dividend or distribution was declared.
The Fund is required in certain circumstances to withhold, for
federal backup withholding purposes, on taxable dividends or
distributions and certain other payments paid to non-corporate
shareholders who do not furnish the Fund with their correct
taxpayer identification number (in the case of individuals,
their social security number) and certain certifications, or who
are otherwise subject to backup withholding. Backup withholding
is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld from payments
made to you may be refunded or credited against your United
States federal income tax liability, if any, provided that the
required information is furnished to the IRS.
The foregoing is a general and abbreviated summary of the
provisions of the Code and the Treasury regulations in effect as
they directly govern the taxation of the Fund and its
shareholders. These provisions are subject to change by
legislative or administrative action, and any such change may be
retroactive. A more complete discussion of the tax rules
applicable to the Fund and its shareholders can be found in the
SAI. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisers
regarding specific questions as to United States federal,
foreign, state, local income or other taxes.
37
CUSTODIAN,
TRANSFER AGENT, AND DIVIDEND DISBURSING AGENT
Mellon Trust of New England, NA, located at 135 Santilli
Highway, Everett, Massachusetts 02149, serves as the custodian
of the Funds assets pursuant to a custody agreement. Under
the custody agreement, the Custodian holds the Funds
assets in compliance with the 1940 Act. For its services, the
Custodian will receive a monthly fee based upon, among other
things, the average value of the total assets of the Fund, plus
certain charges for securities transactions and out of pocket
expenses.
American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, located at 59
Maiden Lane, New York, New York 10038, serves as the Funds
dividend disbursing agent, as agent under the Funds Plan
and as transfer agent and registrar for the common shares of the
Fund.
38
UNDERWRITING
Subject to the terms and conditions stated in the purchase
agreement
dated ,
2007, each Underwriter named below, for which Merrill Lynch,
Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated is acting as
representative, has severally agreed to purchase, and the Fund
has agreed to sell to such Underwriter, the number of common
shares set forth opposite the name of such Underwriter.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of
|
|
Underwriter
|
|
Common Shares
|
|
|
Merrill Lynch, Pierce,
Fenner & Smith
Incorporated
|
|
|
|
|
Citigroup Global Markets Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
A.G. Edwards & Sons,
Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
Gabelli & Company,
Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
BB&T Capital Markets, a
division of Scott & Stringfellow, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
Robert W. Baird & Co.
Incorporated
|
|
|
|
|
Deutsche Bank Securities Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
Ferris, Baker Watts, Incorporated
|
|
|
|
|
J.J.B. Hilliard, W.L. Lyons,
Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
Ladenburg Thalmann & Co.
Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
Oppenheimer & Co.
Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
Raymond James &
Associates, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
Wells Fargo Securities, LLC
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The purchase agreement provides that the obligations of the
Underwriters to purchase the common shares included in this
offering are subject to the approval of certain legal matters by
counsel and to certain other conditions.
The Underwriters are obligated to purchase all the common shares
sold under the purchase agreement if any of the common shares
are purchased. In the purchase agreement, the Fund and the
Investment Adviser have agreed to indemnify the Underwriters
against certain liabilities, including liabilities arising under
the Securities Act of 1933 (the Securities Act) or
to contribute payments the Underwriters may be required to make
for any of those liabilities.
Commissions
and Discounts
The Underwriters propose to initially offer some of the common
shares directly to the public at the public offering price set
forth on the cover page of this prospectus and some of the
common shares to certain dealers at the public offering price
less a concession not in excess of
$ per common share. The sales
load the Fund will pay of $.90 per share is equal to 4.5% of the
initial offering price. The Underwriters may allow, and the
dealers may reallow, a discount not in excess of
$ per share on sales to other
dealers. After the initial public offering, the public offering
price, concession, and discount may be changed. Investors must
pay for any common shares purchased through the initial public
offering on or
before ,
2007.
The following table shows the public offering price, estimated
offering expenses, sales load and proceeds, after expenses, to
the Fund. The information assumes either no exercise or full
exercise by the Underwriters of their overallotment option.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Per Share
|
|
|
Without Option
|
|
|
With Option
|
|
Public offering price
|
|
|
$20.00
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
Sales load
|
|
|
$.90
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
Estimated offering expenses
|
|
|
$.04
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
Proceeds, after expenses, to the
Fund
|
|
|
$19.06
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
39
The expenses of the offering are estimated at $ and
are payable by the Fund. The Fund has agreed to pay the
Underwriters $.00667 per common share as a partial
reimbursement of expenses incurred in connection with the
offering. The amount paid by the Fund as this partial
reimbursement to the Underwriters will not exceed .03335% of the
total price to the public of the common shares sold in this
offering. The Investment Adviser has agreed to pay all of the
Funds organizational expenses and the amount by which the
Funds offering expenses (other than the sales load, but
including the reimbursement of expenses described in the
preceding sentence) exceed $.04 per common share (the
Reimbursement Cap).
Overallotment
Option
The Fund has granted to the Underwriters an option to purchase
up to additional common shares at
the public offering price, less the sales load, within
45 days from the date of this prospectus solely to cover
any overallotments. If the Underwriters exercise this option,
each will be obligated, subject to conditions contained in the
purchase agreement, to purchase a number of additional common
shares proportionate to that Underwriters initial amount
reflected in the above table.
Price
Stabilization, Short Positions and Penalty Bids
Until the distribution of the common shares is complete,
Securities and Exchange Commission rules may limit Underwriters
and selling group members from bidding for and purchasing the
Funds common shares. However, the representative may
engage in transactions that stabilize the price of the common
shares, such as bids or purchases to peg, or maintain, that
price.
If the Underwriters create a short position in the common shares
in connection with the offering (
i.e.
, if they sell
more common shares than are listed on the cover of this
prospectus), the representative may reduce that short position
by purchasing common shares in the open market. The
representative may also elect to reduce any short position by
exercising all or part of the overallotment option described
above. The Underwriters also may impose a penalty bid, whereby
selling concessions allowed to syndicate members or other
broker-dealers in respect of the common shares sold in this
offering for their account may be reclaimed by the syndicate if
such common shares are repurchased by the syndicate in
stabilizing or covering transactions. Purchases of common shares
to stabilize the price or to reduce a short position may cause
the price of the Funds common shares to be higher than it
might be in the absence of such purchases.
Neither the Fund nor any of the Underwriters makes any
representation or prediction as to the direction or magnitude of
any effect that the transactions described above may have on the
price of the common shares. In addition, neither the Fund nor
any of the Underwriters makes any representation that the
representative Underwriters will engage in these transactions or
that these transactions, once commenced, will not be
discontinued without notice.
The Fund has agreed not to offer or sell any additional common
shares for a period of 180 days after the date of the
purchase agreement without the prior written consent of the
Underwriters, except for the sale of the common shares to the
Underwriters pursuant to the purchase agreement and certain
transactions relating to the Funds Plan.
The Fund anticipates that the Underwriters may from time to time
act as brokers or dealers in connection with the Funds
portfolio transactions. The Underwriters are active Underwriters
of, and dealers in, securities and act as market makers in a
number of such securities and, therefore, can be expected to
engage in portfolio transactions with the Fund.
One or more of the Underwriters of the common shares may also
act as an underwriter of the Funds preferred shares, if
any, and as a broker-dealer in connection with auctions of the
preferred shares.
The common shares will be sold in such a manner as to ensure
that New York Stock Exchange distribution standards (that is,
round lots, public shares and aggregate market value) will be
met.
40
Other
Relationships
The Investment Adviser (and not the Fund) has agreed to pay from
its own assets additional compensation to Merrill Lynch, Pierce,
Fenner, & Smith Incorporated. The Investment Adviser
will pay to Merrill Lynch an annual fee equal to 15% of the
Investment Advisers revenues from the Fund under its
investment advisory agreement with the Fund. Merrill Lynch has
agreed to provide, as requested by the Investment Adviser,
certain after-market shareholder support services designed to
maintain the visibility of the Fund on an ongoing basis and, as
requested by the Investment Adviser, to provide relevant
information, studies or reports regarding the Fund and the
closed-end investment company industry and asset management
industry. The total amount of additional compensation paid to
Merrill Lynch will not exceed % of the price to the
public of the common shares sold in the offering.
The Investment Adviser (and not the Fund) has agreed to pay
Citigroup Global Markets Inc., from its own assets, a
structuring fee for advice relating to the structure, design and
organization of the Fund as well as services related to the sale
and distribution of the Funds common shares in the amount
of $ . The structuring fee paid to
Citigroup Global Markets Inc. will not
exceed % of the total public
offering price of the common shares sold in the offering.
The total amount of the Underwriter compensation payments
described above plus the amount paid by the Fund as the
$.00667 per common share reimbursement to the Underwriters,
will not exceed 4.5% of the total price to the public of the
common shares offered hereby. The sum total of all compensation
to the Underwriters in connection with this public offering of
common shares, including sales load and all forms of additional
compensation or structuring fee payments to the Underwriters,
will be limited to not more than 9.0% of the total price to the
public of the common shares sold in this offering.
The principal business address of Merrill Lynch, Pierce,
Fenner & Smith Incorporated is 4 World Financial
Center, New York, New York 10080.
LEGAL
MATTERS
Certain legal matters will be passed on by Skadden, Arps, Slate,
Meagher & Flom LLP, New York, New York, counsel to the
Fund in connection with the offering of the common shares, and
by Clifford Chance US LLP, New York, New York, counsel to the
Underwriters. Clifford Chance US LLP may rely on the opinion of
Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP as to matters
of Delaware law.
INDEPENDENT
REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Ernst & Young LLP (E&Y) serves as the
independent registered public accounting firm of the Fund and
will annually audit the financial statements of the Fund.
E&Y is located at 2001 Market Street Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania 19103.
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
The Fund is subject to the informational requirements of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the 1940 Act
and in accordance therewith files reports and other information
with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Reports, proxy
statements, and other information filed by the Fund with the
Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the informational
requirements of such Acts can be inspected and copied at the
public reference facilities maintained by the Securities and
Exchange Commission, 100 F Street, N.E.,
Washington, D.C. 20549. The Securities and Exchange
Commission maintains a web site at http://www.sec.gov containing
reports, proxy and information statements, and other information
regarding registrants, including the Fund, that file
electronically with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
The Fund expects the common shares to be listed on the NYSE,
subject to notice of issuance, under the symbol GDL.
Reports, proxy statements and other information concerning the
Fund and filed with the
41
Securities and Exchange Commission by the Fund will be available
for inspection at the NYSE, 20 Broad Street,
New York, New York 10005.
This prospectus constitutes part of a Registration Statement
filed by the Fund with the Securities and Exchange Commission
under the Securities Act and the 1940 Act. This prospectus omits
certain of the information contained in the Registration
Statement, and reference is hereby made to the Registration
Statement and related exhibits for further information with
respect to the Fund and the common shares offered hereby. Any
statements contained herein concerning the provisions of any
document are not necessarily complete, and, in each instance,
reference is made to the copy of such document filed as an
exhibit to the Registration Statement or otherwise filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission. Each such statement is
qualified in its entirety by such reference. The complete
Registration Statement may be obtained from the Securities and
Exchange Commission upon payment of the fee prescribed by its
rules and regulations or free of charge through the Securities
and Exchange Commissions web site (http://www.sec.gov).
PRIVACY
PRINCIPLES OF THE FUND
The Fund is committed to maintaining the privacy of its
shareholders and to safeguarding their
non-public
personal information. The following information is provided to
help you understand what personal information the Fund collects,
how the Fund protects that information and why, in certain
cases, the Fund may share information with select other parties.
The Fund does not disclose any non-public personal information
about its shareholders or former shareholders to anyone, except
as permitted by law or as is necessary in order to service
shareholder accounts (for example, to a transfer agent or third
party administrator).
The Fund restricts access to non-public personal information
about its shareholders to employees of the Fund, the Investment
Adviser, and its affiliates with a legitimate business need for
the information. The Fund maintains physical, electronic, and
procedural safeguards designed to protect the non-public
personal information of its shareholders.
SPECIAL
NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements in this prospectus constitute forward-looking
statements, which involve known and unknown risks,
uncertainties, and other factors that may cause the actual
results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements of the
Fund to be materially different from any future results, levels
of activity, performance, or achievements expressed or implied
by such forward-looking statements. Such factors include, among
others, those listed under Risk Factors and Special
Considerations and elsewhere in this prospectus.
42
TABLE OF
CONTENTS OF THE SAI
|
|
|
|
|
The Fund
|
|
|
3
|
|
Investment Policies
|
|
|
3
|
|
Investment Restrictions
|
|
|
10
|
|
Management of the Fund
|
|
|
11
|
|
Dividends and Distributions
|
|
|
19
|
|
Portfolio Transactions
|
|
|
20
|
|
Taxation
|
|
|
20
|
|
Financial Statements
|
|
|
27
|
|
General Information
|
|
|
28
|
|
Proxy Voting Procedures
|
|
|
30
|
|
Code of Ethics
|
|
|
31
|
|
Joint Code of Ethics For Chief
Executive and Senior Financial Officers
|
|
|
31
|
|
43
CORPORATE
BOND RATINGS
MOODYS
INVESTORS SERVICE, INC.
|
|
|
Aaa
|
|
Bonds that are rated Aaa are
judged to be of the best quality. They carry the smallest degree
of investment risk and are generally referred to as gilt
edge. Interest payments are protected by a large or
exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure. While the
various protective elements are likely to change, such changes
as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the
fundamentally strong position of such issues.
|
Aa
|
|
Bonds that are rated Aa are judged
to be of high quality by all standards. Together with the Aaa
group they comprise what are generally known as high grade
bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins
of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or
fluctuation of protective elements may be of greater amplitude
or there may be other elements present that make the long-term
risk appear somewhat larger than in Aaa Securities.
|
A
|
|
Bonds that are rated A possess
many favorable investment attributes and are to be considered as
upper-medium-grade obligations. Factors giving security to
principal and interest are considered adequate, but elements may
be present that suggest a susceptibility to impairment some time
in the future.
|
Baa
|
|
Bonds that are rated Baa are
considered as medium-grade obligations i.e., they are neither
highly protected nor poorly secured. Interest payments and
principal security appear adequate for the present, but certain
protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically
unreliable over any great length of time. Such bonds lack
outstanding investment characteristics and in fact have
speculative characteristics as well.
|
Ba
|
|
Bonds that are rated Ba are judged
to have speculative elements; their future cannot be considered
as well assured. Often the protection of interest and principal
payments may be very moderate and thereby not well safeguarded
during both good and bad times over the future. Uncertainty of
position characterizes bonds in this class.
|
B
|
|
Bonds that are rated B generally
lack characteristics of the desirable investment. Assurance of
interest and principal payments or of maintenance of other terms
of the contract over any long period of time may be small.
Moodys applies numerical modifiers (1, 2, and
3) with respect to the bonds rated Aa through B. The
modifier 1 indicates that the company ranks in the higher
end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2
indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates
that the company ranks in the lower end of its generic rating
category.
|
Caa
|
|
Bonds that are rated Caa are of
poor standing. These issues may be in default or there may be
present elements of danger with respect to principal or interest.
|
Ca
|
|
Bonds that are rated Ca represent
obligations that are speculative in a high degree. Such issues
are often in default or have other marked shortcomings.
|
C
|
|
Bonds that are rated C are the
lowest rated class of bonds and issues so rated can be regarded
as having extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any real
investment standing.
|
STANDARD &
POORS RATINGS SERVICES
|
|
|
AAA
|
|
This is the highest rating
assigned by S&P to a debt obligation and indicates an
extremely strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal.
|
AA
|
|
Debt rated AA has a very strong
capacity to pay interest and repay principal and differs from
AAA issues only in small degree.
|
A
|
|
Principal and interest payments on
bonds in this category are regarded as safe. Debt rated A has a
strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal although
they are somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of
changes in circumstances and economic conditions than debt in
higher rated categories.
|
44
|
|
|
BBB
|
|
This is the lowest investment
grade. Debt rated BBB has an adequate capacity to pay interest
and repay principal. Whereas it normally exhibits adequate
protection parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing
circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to
pay interest and repay principal for debt in this category than
in higher rated categories.
|
CCC
|
|
An obligation rated
CCC is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is
dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic
conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on
the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or
economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the
capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
|
C
|
|
A subordinated debt or preferred
stock obligation rated C is currently highly
vulnerable to nonpayment. The C rating may be used
to cover a situation where a bankruptcy petition has been filed
or similar action taken, but payments on this obligation are
being continued. A C also will be assigned to a
preferred stock issue in arrears on dividends or sinking fund
payments, but that is currently paying.
|
D
|
|
An obligation rated D
is in payment default. The D rating category is used
when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due even
if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless
Standard & Poors believes that such payments will
be made during such grace period. The D rating also
will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the
taking of a similar action if payments on an obligation are
jeopardized.
|
Speculative
Grade
Debt rated BB, CCC, CC and C are regarded, on balance, as
predominantly speculative with respect to capacity to pay
interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the
obligation. BB indicates the lowest degree of speculation, and C
the highest degree of speculation. While such debt will likely
have some quality and protective characteristics, these are
outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse
conditions. Debt rated C 1 is reserved for income bonds on
which no interest is being paid and debt rated D is in payment
default.
S&P includes an r symbol to its ratings of
derivatives, hybrids, and certain other obligations that S&P
believes may experience high variability in expected returns due
to noncredit risks created by the terms of the obligations.
AA to CCC may be modified by the addition of a plus or minus
sign to show relative standing within the major categories.
NR indicates that no public rating has been
requested, that there is insufficient information on which to
base a rating, or that S&P does not rate a particular type
of obligation as a matter of policy.
45
Until , 2007, all dealers that
effect transactions in these securities, whether or not
participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a
prospectus. This is in addition to the dealers obligation
to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with
respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.
Shares
The Gabelli Global Deal
Fund
Common Shares of Beneficial
Interest
$20.00 per Share
PROSPECTUS
Citigroup
A.G. Edwards
Gabelli & Company, Inc.
BB&T Capital Markets
Robert W. Baird & Co.
Deutsche Bank Securities
Ferris, Baker Watts
Incorporated
J.J.B. Hilliard, W.L. Lyons,
Inc.
Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc.
Oppenheimer & Co.
Raymond James
Wells Fargo Securities
, 2007
STATEMENT
OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
THE INFORMATION IN THIS STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION IS
NOT COMPLETE AND MAY BE CHANGED. THE FUND MAY NOT SELL
THESE SECURITIES UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FILED WITH THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION IS EFFECTIVE. THIS STATEMENT
OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION IS NOT AN OFFER TO SELL THESE
SECURITIES AND IT IS NOT SOLICITING AN OFFER TO BUY THESE
SECURITIES IN ANY STATE WHERE THE OFFER OR SALE IS NOT PERMITTED.
The Gabelli Global Deal Fund, or the Fund, is a
newly organized, non-diversified, closed-end management
investment company registered under the Investment Company Act
of 1940 (the 1940 Act). The Funds investment
objective is to achieve absolute returns in various market
conditions without excessive risk of capital. Absolute returns
are defined as positive total returns, regardless of the
direction of securities markets. The Fund will seek to achieve
its objective by investing primarily in merger arbitrage
transactions and, to a lesser extent, in corporate
reorganizations involving stubs, spin-offs and liquidations.
Gabelli Funds, LLC serves as Investment Adviser to
the Fund. An investment in the Fund is not appropriate for all
investors. We cannot assure you that the Fund will achieve its
objective.
This Statement of Additional Information (the SAI)
does not constitute a prospectus, but should be read in
conjunction with the Funds prospectus
dated ,
2007, and as it may be supplemented (the
Prospectus). This SAI does not include all
information that a prospective investor should consider before
investing in the Funds common shares, and investors should
obtain and read this prospectus prior to purchasing such shares.
This SAI incorporates by reference the entire Prospectus. You
may request a free copy of this prospectus by calling
(800) GABELLI
(422-3554)
or by writing to the Fund. A copy of the Funds
Registration Statement, including this prospectus, may be
obtained from the Securities and Exchange Commission upon
payment of the fee prescribed, or inspected at the Securities
and Exchange Commissions office or via its web site
(http://www.sec.gov) at no charge.
This Statement of Additional Information is
dated ,
2007.
1
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
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|
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|
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|
|
3
|
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
|
|
27
|
|
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
|
|
31
|
|
|
|
|
31
|
|
2
THE
FUND
The Gabelli Global Deal Fund is a newly organized,
non-diversified, closed-end, management investment company
organized under the laws of the State of Delaware. The
Funds common shares of beneficial interest, par value
$0.001 per share, are expected to be listed on the New York
Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the symbol
GDL, subject to notice of issuance.
INVESTMENT
POLICIES
Additional
Information on Investment Policies
As a non-diversified investment company, the Fund may
concentrate its investments in the securities of fewer companies
to a greater extent than a diversified investment company. Many
companies in the past several years have adopted so-called
poison pill and other defensive measures. Such
measures may limit tender offers, or other non-negotiated offers
for a company, and/or prevent competing offers. The Fund intends
to invest primarily in publicly announced transactions that have
been approved by the target company, where the target company
often removes such defensive measures in order to complete the
transaction. Therefore, poison pills and other defensive
measures are not likely to be an impediment to the Funds
investment practice.
Derivative
Instruments
Options.
The Fund may, from time to time,
subject to guidelines of the Board of Trustees (the
Board) and the limitations set forth in the
Prospectus and this SAI, purchase or sell, i.e., write, options
on securities, securities indices and foreign currencies which
are listed on a national securities exchange or in the
over-the-counter
(OTC) market, as a means of achieving additional
return or of hedging the value of the Funds portfolio.
A call option is a contract that gives the holder of the option
the right to buy from the writer of the call option, the
security or currency underlying the option at a specified
exercise price at any time during the term of the option. The
writer of the call option has the obligation, upon exercise of
the option, to deliver the underlying security or currency upon
payment of the exercise price during the option period.
A put option is a contract that gives the holder of the option
the right, in return for a premium, to sell to the seller the
underlying security at a specified price. The seller of the put
option has the obligation to buy the underlying security upon
exercise at the exercise price.
A call option is covered if the Fund owns the
underlying instrument covered by the call or has an absolute and
immediate right to acquire that instrument without additional
cash consideration (or for additional cash consideration held in
a segregated account by its custodian) upon conversion or
exchange of other instruments held in its portfolio. A call
option is also covered if the Fund holds a call option on the
same instrument as the call option written where the exercise
price of the call option held is (i) equal to or less than
the exercise price of the call option written or
(ii) greater than the exercise price of the call option
written if the difference is maintained by the Fund in cash,
U.S. government securities or other high-grade short-term
obligations in a segregated account with its custodian. A put
option is covered if the Fund maintains cash or
other liquid securities with a value equal to the exercise price
in a segregated account with its custodian, or else holds a put
option on the same instrument as the put option written where
the exercise price of the put option held is equal to or greater
than the exercise price of the put option written.
If the Fund has written an option, it may terminate its
obligation by effecting a closing purchase transaction. This is
accomplished by purchasing an option of the same series as the
option previously written. However, once the Fund has been
assigned an exercise notice, the Fund will be unable to effect a
closing purchase transaction. Similarly, if the Fund is the
holder of an option it may liquidate its position by effecting a
closing sale transaction. This is accomplished by selling an
option of the same series as the option previously purchased.
There can be no assurance that either a closing purchase or sale
transaction can be effected when the Fund so desires.
3
The Fund will realize a profit from a closing transaction if the
price of the transaction is less than the premium received from
writing the option or is more than the premium paid to purchase
the option; the Fund will realize a loss from a closing
transaction if the price of the transaction is more than the
premium received from writing the option or is less than the
premium paid to purchase the option. Since call option prices
generally reflect increases in the price of the underlying
security, any loss resulting from the repurchase of a call
option may also be wholly or partially offset by unrealized
appreciation of the underlying security. Other principal factors
affecting the market value of a put or a call option include
supply and demand, interest rates, the current market price and
price volatility of the underlying security, and the time
remaining until the expiration date. Gains and losses on
investments in options depend, in part, on the ability of the
Investment Adviser to predict correctly the effect of these
factors. The use of options cannot serve as a complete hedge
since the price movement of securities underlying the options
will not necessarily follow the price movements of the portfolio
securities subject to the hedge.
An option position may be closed out only on an exchange which
provides a secondary market for an option of the same series or
in a private transaction. Although the Fund will generally
purchase or write only those options for which there appears to
be an active secondary market, there is no assurance that a
liquid secondary market on an exchange will exist for any
particular option. In such event, it might not be possible to
effect closing transactions in particular options, so that the
Fund would have to exercise its options in order to realize any
profit and would incur brokerage commissions upon the exercise
of call options and upon the subsequent disposition of
underlying securities for the exercise of put options. If the
Fund, as a covered call option writer, is unable to effect a
closing purchase transaction in a secondary market, it will not
be able to sell the underlying security until the option expires
or it delivers the underlying security upon exercise or
otherwise covers the position.
To the extent that the Fund purchases options pursuant to a
hedging strategy, the Fund will be subject to the following
additional risks. If a put or call option purchased by the Fund
is not sold when it has remaining value, and if the market price
of the underlying security remains equal to or greater than the
exercise price (in the case of a put), or remains less than or
equal to the exercise price (in the case of a call), the Fund
will lose its entire investment in the option.
Where a put or call option on a particular security is purchased
to hedge against price movements in that or a related security,
the price of the put or call option may move more or less than
the price of the security. If restrictions on exercise are
imposed, the Fund may be unable to exercise an option it has
purchased. If the Fund is unable to close out an option that it
has purchased on a security, it will have to exercise the option
in order to realize any profit or the option may expire
worthless.
Options on Securities Indices.
The Fund may
purchase and sell securities index options. One effect of such
transactions may be to hedge all or part of the Funds
securities holdings against a general decline in the securities
market or a segment of the securities market. Options on
securities indices are similar to options on stocks except that,
rather than the right to take or make delivery of stock at a
specified price, an option on a securities index gives the
holder the right to receive, upon exercise of the option, an
amount of cash if the closing level of the securities index upon
which the option is based is greater than, in the case of a call
option, or less than, in the case of a put option, the exercise
price of the option.
The Funds successful use of options on indices depends
upon its ability to predict the direction of the market and is
subject to various additional risks. The correlation between
movements in the index and the price of the securities being
hedged against is imperfect and the risk from imperfect
correlation increases as the composition of the Fund diverges
from the composition of the relevant index. Accordingly, a
decrease in the value of the securities being hedged against may
not be wholly offset by a gain on the exercise or sale of a
securities index put option held by the Fund.
Options on Foreign Currencies.
Instead of
purchasing or selling currency futures (as described below), the
Fund may attempt to accomplish similar objectives by purchasing
put or call options on currencies or by writing put options or
call options on currencies either on exchanges or in OTC
markets. A put option gives the Fund the right to sell a
currency at the exercise price until the option expires. A call
option gives the Fund the right to purchase a currency at the
exercise price until the option expires. Both types of options
serve
4
to insure against adverse currency price movements in the
underlying portfolio assets designated in a given currency. The
Funds use of options on currencies will be subject to the
same limitations as its use of options on securities, described
above and in the Prospectus. Currency options may be subject to
position limits which may limit the ability of the Fund to fully
hedge its positions by purchasing the options.
As in the case of interest rate futures contracts and options
thereon, described below, the Fund may hedge against the risk of
a decrease or increase in the U.S. dollar value of a
foreign currency denominated debt security which the Fund owns
or intends to acquire by purchasing or selling options
contracts, futures contracts or options thereon with respect to
a foreign currency other than the foreign currency in which such
debt security is denominated, where the values of such different
currencies (vis-à-vis the U.S. dollar) historically
have a high degree of positive correlation.
Futures Contracts and Options on Futures.
The
Fund may purchase and sell financial futures contracts and
options thereon which are traded on a commodities exchange or
board of trade for certain hedging and risk management purposes.
A financial futures contract is an agreement to purchase or sell
an agreed amount of securities or currencies at a set price for
delivery in the future. These futures contracts and related
options may be on debt securities, financial indices, securities
indices, U.S. government securities and foreign currencies.
A sale of a futures contract (or a short
futures position) means the assumption of a contractual
obligation to deliver the securities underlying the contract at
a specified price at a specified future time. A
purchase of a futures contract (or a
long futures position) means the assumption of a
contractual obligation to acquire the securities underlying the
contract at a specified price at a specified future time.
Certain futures contracts, including stock and bond index
futures, are settled on a net cash payment basis rather than by
the sale and delivery of the securities underlying the futures
contracts.
No consideration will be paid or received by the Fund upon the
purchase or sale of a futures contract. Initially, the Fund will
be required to deposit with the broker an amount of cash or cash
equivalents equal to approximately 1% to 10% of the contract
amount (this amount is subject to change by the exchange or
board of trade on which the contract is traded and brokers or
members of such board of trade may charge a higher amount). This
amount is known as the initial margin and is in the
nature of a performance bond or good faith deposit on the
contract. Subsequent payments, known as variation
margin, to and from the broker will be made daily as the
price of the index or security underlying the futures contract
fluctuates. At any time prior to the expiration of the futures
contract, the Fund may elect to close the position by taking an
opposite position, which will operate to terminate its existing
position in the contract.
An option on a futures contract gives the purchaser the right,
in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in a
futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time prior
to the expiration of the option. Upon exercise of an option, the
delivery of the futures position by the writer of the option to
the holder of the option will be accompanied by delivery of the
accumulated balance in the writers futures margin account
attributable to that contract, which represents the amount by
which the market price of the futures contract exceeds, in the
case of a call option, or is less than, in the case of a put
option, the exercise price of the option on the futures
contract. The potential loss related to the purchase of an
option on a futures contract is limited to the premium paid for
the option (plus transaction costs). Because the value of the
option purchased is fixed at the point of sale, there are no
daily cash payments by the purchaser to reflect changes in the
value of the underlying contract; however, the value of the
option does change daily and that change would be reflected in
the net assets of the Fund.
Futures and options on futures entail certain risks, including
but not limited to the following: no assurance that futures
contracts or options on futures can be offset at favorable
prices, possible reduction of the yield of the Fund due to the
use of hedging, possible reduction in value of both the
securities hedged and the hedging instrument, possible lack of
liquidity due to daily limits on price fluctuations, imperfect
correlation between the contracts and the securities being
hedged, losses from investing in futures transactions that are
potentially unlimited and the segregation requirements described
below.
5
In the event the Fund sells a put option or enters into long
futures contracts, under current interpretations of the 1940
Act, an amount of cash, U.S. government securities or other
liquid securities equal to the market value of the contract must
be deposited and maintained in a segregated account with the
Funds custodian (the Custodian) to
collateralize the positions, in order for the Fund to avoid
being treated as having issued a senior security in the amount
of its obligations. For short positions in futures contracts and
sales of call options, the Fund may establish a segregated
account (not with a futures commission merchant or broker) with
cash, U.S. government securities or other high grade debt
securities that, when added to amounts deposited with a futures
commission merchant or a broker as margin, equal the market
value of the instruments or currency underlying the futures
contracts or call options, respectively (but are no less than
the stock price of the call option or the market price at which
the short positions were established).
Interest Rate Futures Contracts and Options
Thereon.
The Fund may purchase or sell interest
rate futures contracts to take advantage of or to protect the
Fund against fluctuations in interest rates affecting the value
of debt securities which the Fund holds or intends to acquire.
For example, if interest rates are expected to increase, the
Fund might sell futures contracts on debt securities, the values
of which historically have a high degree of positive correlation
to the values of the Funds portfolio securities. Such a
sale would have an effect similar to selling an equivalent value
of the Funds portfolio securities. If interest rates
increase, the value of the Funds portfolio securities will
decline, but the value of the futures contracts to the Fund will
increase at approximately an equivalent rate thereby keeping the
net asset value of the Fund from declining as much as it
otherwise would have. The Fund could accomplish similar results
by selling debt securities with longer maturities and investing
in debt securities with shorter maturities when interest rates
are expected to increase. However, since the futures market may
be more liquid than the cash market, the use of futures
contracts as a risk management technique allows the Fund to
maintain a defensive position without having to sell its
portfolio securities.
Similarly, the Fund may purchase interest rate futures contracts
when it is expected that interest rates may decline. The
purchase of futures contracts for this purpose constitutes a
hedge against increases in the price of debt securities (caused
by declining interest rates) which the Fund intends to acquire.
Since fluctuations in the value of appropriately selected
futures contracts should approximate that of the debt securities
that will be purchased, the Fund can take advantage of the
anticipated rise in the cost of the debt securities without
actually buying them. Subsequently, the Fund can make its
intended purchase of the debt securities in the cash market and
currently liquidate its futures position. To the extent the Fund
enters into futures contracts for this purpose, it will maintain
in a segregated asset account with the Funds Custodian,
assets sufficient to cover the Funds obligations with
respect to such futures contracts, which will consist of cash or
other liquid securities from its portfolio in an amount equal to
the difference between the fluctuating market value of such
futures contracts and the aggregate value of the initial margin
deposited by the Fund with its Custodian with respect to such
futures contracts.
The purchase of a call option on a futures contract is similar
in some respects to the purchase of a call option on an
individual security. Depending on the pricing of the option
compared to either the price of the futures contract upon which
it is based or the price of the underlying debt securities, it
may or may not be less risky than ownership of the futures
contract or underlying debt securities. As with the purchase of
futures contracts, when the Fund is not fully invested it may
purchase a call option on a futures contract to hedge against a
market advance due to declining interest rates.
The purchase of a put option on a futures contract is similar to
the purchase of protective put options on portfolio securities.
The Fund will purchase a put option on a futures contract to
hedge the Funds portfolio against the risk of rising
interest rates and a consequent reduction in the value of
portfolio securities.
The writing of a call option on a futures contract constitutes a
partial hedge against declining prices of the securities which
are deliverable upon exercise of the futures contract. If the
futures price at expiration of the option is below the exercise
price, the Fund will retain the full amount of the option
premium which provides a partial hedge against any decline that
may have occurred in the Funds portfolio holdings. The
writing of a put option on a futures contract constitutes a
partial hedge against increasing prices of the securities that
are deliverable upon exercise of the futures contract. If the
futures price at expiration of the
6
option is higher than the exercise price, the Fund will retain
the full amount of the option premium, which provides a partial
hedge against any increase in the price of debt securities that
the Fund intends to purchase. If a put or call option the Fund
has written is exercised, the Fund will incur a loss which will
be reduced by the amount of the premium it received. Depending
on the degree of correlation between changes in the value of its
portfolio securities and changes in the value of its futures
positions, the Funds losses from options on futures it has
written may to some extent be reduced or increased by changes in
the value of its portfolio securities.
Currency Futures and Options
Thereon.
Generally, foreign currency futures
contracts and options thereon are similar to the interest rate
futures contracts and options thereon discussed previously. By
entering into currency futures and options thereon, the Fund
will seek to establish the rate at which it will be entitled to
exchange U.S. dollars for another currency at a future
time. By selling currency futures, the Fund will seek to
establish the number of dollars it will receive at delivery for
a certain amount of a foreign currency. In this way, whenever
the Fund anticipates a decline in the value of a foreign
currency against the U.S. dollar, the Fund can attempt to
lock in the U.S. dollar value of some or all of
the securities held in its portfolio that are denominated in
that currency. By purchasing currency futures, the Fund can
establish the number of dollars it will be required to pay for a
specified amount of a foreign currency in a future month. Thus,
if the Fund intends to buy securities in the future and expects
the U.S. dollar to decline against the relevant foreign
currency during the period before the purchase is effected, the
Fund can attempt to lock in the price in
U.S. dollars of the securities it intends to acquire.
The purchase of options on currency futures will allow the Fund,
for the price of the premium and related transaction costs it
must pay for the option, to decide whether or not to buy (in the
case of a call option) or to sell (in the case of a put option)
a futures contract at a specified price at any time during the
period before the option expires. If the Investment Adviser, in
purchasing an option, has been correct in its judgment
concerning the direction in which the price of a foreign
currency would move against the U.S. dollar, the Fund may
exercise the option and thereby take a futures position to hedge
against the risk it had correctly anticipated or close out the
option position at a gain that will offset, to some extent,
currency exchange losses otherwise suffered by the Fund. If
exchange rates move in a way the Fund did not anticipate,
however, the Fund will have incurred the expense of the option
without obtaining the expected benefit; any such movement in
exchange rates may also thereby reduce rather than enhance the
Funds profits on its underlying securities transactions.
Securities Index Futures Contracts and Options
Thereon.
Purchases or sales of securities index
futures contracts are used for hedging purposes to attempt to
protect the Funds current or intended investments from
broad fluctuations in stock or bond prices. For example, the
Fund may sell securities index futures contracts in anticipation
of or during a market decline to attempt to offset the decrease
in market value of the Funds securities portfolio that
might otherwise result. If such decline occurs, the loss in
value of portfolio securities may be offset, in whole or part,
by gains on the futures position. When the Fund is not fully
invested in the securities market and anticipates a significant
market advance, it may purchase securities index futures
contracts in order to gain rapid market exposure that may, in
part or entirely, offset increases in the cost of securities
that the Fund intends to purchase. As such purchases are made,
the corresponding positions in securities index futures
contracts will be closed out. The Fund may write put and call
options on securities index futures contracts for hedging
purposes.
Forward Currency Exchange Contracts.
The Fund
may enter into forward foreign currency exchange contracts to
protect the value of its portfolio against uncertainty in the
level of future currency exchange rates between a particular
foreign currency and the U.S. dollar or between foreign
currencies in which its securities are or may be denominated.
The Fund may enter into such contracts on a spot, (i.e., cash,)
basis at the rate then prevailing in the currency exchange
market or on a forward basis, by entering into a forward
contract to purchase or sell currency. A forward contract on
foreign currency is an obligation to purchase or sell a specific
currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days
agreed upon by the parties from the date of the contract at a
price set on the date of the contract. Forward currency
contracts (i) are traded in a market conducted directly
between currency traders (typically, commercial banks or other
financial institutions) and their customers, (ii) generally
have no deposit requirements and (iii) are typically
7
consummated without payment of any commissions. The Fund,
however, may enter into forward currency contracts requiring
deposits or involving the payment of commissions. To assure that
its forward currency contracts are not used to achieve
investment leverage, the Fund will segregate liquid assets
consisting of cash, U.S. government securities or other
liquid securities with its Custodian, or a designated
subcustodian, in an amount at all times equal to or exceeding
its commitment with respect to the contracts.
It is anticipated that the dealings of the Fund in forward
foreign currency exchange will be limited to hedging, involving
either specific transactions or portfolio positions and other
risk management purposes. Transaction hedging is the purchase or
sale of one forward foreign currency for another currency with
respect to specific receivables or payables of the Fund accruing
in connection with the purchase and sale of its portfolio
securities or its payment of dividends and distributions.
Position hedging is the purchase or sale of one forward foreign
currency for another currency with respect to portfolio security
positions denominated or quoted in the foreign currency to
offset the effect of an anticipated substantial appreciation or
depreciation, respectively, in the value of the currency
relative to the U.S. dollar. In this situation, the Fund
also may, for example, enter into a forward contract to sell or
purchase a different foreign currency for a fixed
U.S. dollar amount where it is believed that the
U.S. dollar value of the currency to be sold or bought
pursuant to the forward contract will fall or rise, as the case
may be, whenever there is a decline or increase, respectively,
in the U.S. dollar value of the currency in which its
portfolio securities are denominated (this practice being
referred to as a cross-hedge).
In hedging a specific transaction, the Fund may enter into a
forward contract with respect to either the currency in which
the transaction is denominated or another currency deemed
appropriate by the Investment Adviser. The amount the Fund may
invest in forward currency contracts is limited to the amount of
its aggregate investments in foreign currencies. The use of
forward currency contracts may involve certain risks, including
the failure of the counterparty to perform its obligations under
the contract, and such use may not serve as a complete hedge
because of an imperfect correlation between movements in the
prices of the contracts and the prices of the currencies hedged
or used for cover. The Fund will only enter into forward
currency contracts with parties which the Investment Adviser
believes to be creditworthy institutions.
Special Risk Considerations Relating to Futures and Options
Thereon.
The Funds ability to establish and
close out positions in futures contracts and options thereon
will be subject to the development and maintenance of liquid
markets. Although the Fund generally will purchase or sell only
those futures contracts and options thereon for which there
appears to be a liquid market, there is no assurance that a
liquid market on an exchange will exist for any particular
futures contract or option thereon at any particular time. In
the event no liquid market exists for a particular futures
contract or option thereon in which the Fund maintains a
position, it will not be possible to effect a closing
transaction in that contract or to do so at a satisfactory price
and the Fund would have to either make or take delivery under
the futures contract or, in the case of a written option, wait
to sell the underlying securities until the option expires or is
exercised or, in the case of a purchased option, exercise the
option. In the case of a futures contract or an option thereon
which the Fund has written and which the Fund is unable to
close, the Fund would be required to maintain margin deposits on
the futures contract or option thereon and to make variation
margin payments until the contract is closed.
Successful use of futures contracts and options thereon and
forward contracts by the Fund is subject to the ability of the
Investment Adviser to predict correctly movements in the
direction of interest and foreign currency rates. If the
Investment Advisers expectations are not met, the Fund
will be in a worse position than if a hedging strategy had not
been pursued. For example, if the Fund has hedged against the
possibility of an increase in interest rates that would
adversely affect the price of securities in its portfolio and
the price of such securities increases instead, the Fund will
lose part or all of the benefit of the increased value of its
securities because it will have offsetting losses in its futures
positions. In addition, in such situations, if the Fund has
insufficient cash to meet daily variation margin requirements,
it may have to sell securities to meet the requirements. These
sales may be, but will not necessarily be, at increased prices
which reflect the rising market. The Fund may have to sell
securities at a time when it is disadvantageous to do so.
8
Additional Risks of Foreign Options, Futures Contracts,
Options on Futures Contracts and Forward
Contracts.
Options, futures contracts and options
thereon and forward contracts on securities and currencies may
be traded on foreign exchanges. Such transactions may not be
regulated as effectively as similar transactions in the United
States, may not involve a clearing mechanism and related
guarantees, and are subject to the risk of governmental actions
affecting trading in, or the prices of, securities of foreign
issuers (Foreign Securities). The value of such
positions also could be adversely affected by (i) other
complex foreign political, legal and economic factors,
(ii) lesser availability than in the United States of data
on which to make trading decisions, (iii) delays in the
Funds ability to act upon economic events occurring in the
foreign markets during non-business hours in the United States,
(iv) the imposition of different exercise and settlement
terms and procedures and margin requirements than in the United
States and (v) less trading volume.
Exchanges on which options, futures and options on futures are
traded may impose limits on the positions that the Fund may take
in certain circumstances.
Warrants and Rights.
The Fund may invest
without limit in warrants or rights (including those acquired in
units or attached to other securities) that entitle the holder
to buy equity securities at a specific price for a specific
period of time but will do so only if such equity securities are
deemed appropriate by the Investment Adviser for inclusion in
the Funds portfolio.
The Fund and the Investment Adviser Are Not Registered as
Commodity Pool Operators.
The Fund and the
Investment Adviser have claimed an exclusion from the definition
of the term commodity pool operator under the
Commodity Exchange Act relating to registered investment
companies. Accordingly, the Fund and its investments in
derivative instruments described in the Prospectus and this SAI
are not limited by or subject to regulation under the Commodity
Exchange Act or otherwise regulated by the Commodity Futures
Trading Commission.
Risks of Currency Transactions.
Currency
transactions are also subject to risks different from those of
other portfolio transactions. Because currency control is of
great importance to the issuing governments and influences
economic planning and policy, purchases and sales of currency
and related instruments can be adversely affected by government
exchange controls, limitations or restrictions on repatriation
of currency, and manipulation, or exchange restrictions imposed
by governments. These forms of governmental action can result in
losses to the Fund if it is unable to deliver or receive
currency or monies in settlement of obligations and could also
cause hedges it has entered into to be rendered useless,
resulting in full currency exposure as well as incurring
transaction costs.
Loans of Portfolio Securities.
Consistent with
applicable regulatory requirements and the Funds
investment restrictions, the Fund may lend its portfolio
securities to securities broker-dealers or financial
institutions, provided that such loans are callable at any time
by the Fund (subject to notice provisions described below), and
are at all times secured by cash, cash equivalents or other
liquid securities which are maintained in a segregated account
pursuant to applicable regulations and that are at least equal
to the market value, determined daily, of the loaned securities.
The advantage of such loans is that the Fund continues to
receive the income on the loaned securities while at the same
time earns interest on the cash amounts deposited as collateral,
which will be invested in short-term obligations. The Fund will
not lend its portfolio securities if such loans are not
permitted by the laws or regulations of any state in which its
shares are qualified for sale. The Funds loans of
portfolio securities will be collateralized in accordance with
applicable regulatory requirements and no loan will cause the
value of all loaned securities to exceed
[ ]% of the value of the
Funds total assets. The Funds ability to lend
portfolio securities may be limited by rating agency guidelines.
A loan may generally be terminated by the borrower on one
business day notice, or by the Fund on five business days
notice. If the borrower fails to deliver the loaned securities
within five days after receipt of notice, the Fund could use the
collateral to replace the securities while holding the borrower
liable for any excess of replacement cost over collateral. As
with any extensions of credit, there are risks of delay in
recovery and in some cases even loss of rights in the collateral
should the borrower of the securities fail financially. However,
these loans of portfolio securities will only be made to firms
deemed by the Investment
9
Adviser to be creditworthy and when the income which can be
earned from such loans justifies the attendant risks. The Board
will oversee the creditworthiness of the contracting parties on
an ongoing basis. Upon termination of the loan, the borrower is
required to return the securities to the Fund. Any gain or loss
in the market price during the loan period would inure to the
Fund. The risks associated with loans of portfolio securities
are substantially similar to those associated with repurchase
agreements. Thus, if the counterparty to the loan petitions for
bankruptcy or becomes subject to the United States Bankruptcy
Code, the law regarding the rights of the Fund is unsettled. As
a result, under extreme circumstances, there may be a
restriction on the Funds ability to sell the collateral
and the Fund would suffer a loss. When voting or consent rights
which accompany loaned securities pass to the borrower, the Fund
will follow the policy of calling the loaned securities, to be
delivered within one day after notice, to permit the exercise of
such rights if the matters involved would have a material effect
on the Funds investment in such loaned securities. The
Fund will pay reasonable finders, administrative and
custodial fees in connection with a loan of its securities.
When Issued, Delayed Delivery Securities and Forward
Commitments.
The Fund may enter into forward
commitments for the purchase or sale of securities, including on
a when issued or delayed delivery basis,
in excess of customary settlement periods for the type of
security involved. In some cases, a forward commitment may be
conditioned upon the occurrence of a subsequent event, such as
approval and consummation of a merger, corporate reorganization
or debt restructuring (i.e., a when, as and if issued security).
When such transactions are negotiated, the price is fixed at the
time of the commitment, with payment and delivery taking place
in the future, generally a month or more after the date of the
commitment. While it will only enter into a forward commitment
with the intention of actually acquiring the security, the Fund
may sell the security before the settlement date if it is deemed
advisable by the Investment Adviser.
Securities purchased under a forward commitment are subject to
market fluctuation, and no interest (or dividends) accrues to
the Fund prior to the settlement date. The Fund will segregate
with its Custodian cash or other liquid securities in an
aggregate amount at least equal to the amount of its outstanding
forward commitments.
INVESTMENT
RESTRICTIONS
The Fund operates under the following restrictions that
constitute fundamental policies that, except as otherwise noted,
cannot be changed without the affirmative vote of the holders of
a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund
voting together as a single class. In the event the Fund were to
issue any preferred shares, the approval of a majority of such
shares (as defined under the 1940 Act) voting as a separate
class would also be required. Such majority vote requires the
lesser of (i) 67% of the Funds applicable shares
represented at a meeting at which more than 50% of the
applicable shares outstanding are represented, whether in person
or by proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of the Funds
applicable shares outstanding. Except as otherwise noted, all
percentage limitations set forth below apply immediately after a
purchase or initial investment and any subsequent change in any
applicable percentage resulting from market fluctuations does
not require any action. The Fund may not:
(1) invest more than 25% of its total assets, taken at the
current market value of the Funds investments at the time
of each subsequent investment, in the securities of issuers in
any particular industry;
(2) purchase commodities or commodity contracts if such
purchase would result in regulation of the Fund as a commodity
pool operator;
(3) purchase or sell real estate, provided the Fund may
invest in securities and other instruments secured by real
estate or interests therein or issued by companies that invest
in real estate or interests therein;
(4) make loans of money or other property, except that
(i) the Fund may acquire debt obligations of any type
(including through extensions of credit) enter into repurchase
agreements and lend portfolio assets and (ii) the Fund may,
with respect to up to 20% of the Funds total assets, lend
10
money or other property to other investment companies advised by
the Investment Adviser pursuant to a common lending program to
the extent permitted by applicable law;
(5) borrow money, except to the extent permitted by
applicable law;
(6) issue senior securities, except to the extent permitted
by applicable law; or
(7) underwrite securities of other issuers, except insofar
as the Fund may be deemed an underwriter under applicable law in
selling portfolio securities; provided, however, this
restriction shall not apply to securities of any investment
company organized by the Fund that are to be distributed pro
rata as a dividend to its shareholders.
The Funds investment objective is not a fundamental
policy. Unless specifically stated as such, no policy of the
Fund is fundamental and each policy may be changed by the Board
without shareholder approval.
MANAGEMENT
OF THE FUND
Trustees
and Officers
Overall responsibility for management and supervision of the
Fund rests with the Board. The Board approves all significant
agreements between the Fund and the companies that furnish the
Fund with services, including agreements with the Investment
Adviser, the Funds custodian and the Funds transfer
agent. The
day-to-day
operations of the Fund are delegated to the Investment Adviser.
The names and business addresses of the Trustees and principal
officers of the Fund are set forth in the following table,
together with their positions and their principal occupations
during the past five years and, in the case of the Trustees,
their positions with certain other organizations and companies.
11
Trustees
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name (and Age),
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
|
|
Number of
|
|
Position with the
|
|
Term of Office and
|
|
|
|
Directorships
|
|
Portfolios in Fund
|
|
Fund and Business
|
|
Length of Time
|
|
Principal Occupation(s)
|
|
Held by
|
|
Complex Overseen
|
|
Address(1)
|
|
Served(2)
|
|
During Past Five Years
|
|
Trustee
|
|
by Trustee
|
|
|
INTERESTED TRUSTEES(3):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mario J. Gabelli (64)
Trustee and Chief Investment Officer
|
|
Since November 2006 **
|
|
Chairman and Chief Executive
Officer of GAMCO Investors, Inc. and Chief Investment
Officer Value Portfolios of Gabelli Funds, LLC and
GAMCO Asset Management Inc.; Director/Trustee or Chief
Investment Officer of other registered investment companies in
the Gabelli fund complex; Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
of GGCP, Inc.
|
|
Director of Morgan Group Holdings,
Inc. (transportation services); Chairman of the Board of Lynch
Interactive Corporation (multimedia and communication services
company)
|
|
|
24
|
|
Edward T. Tokar (59)
Trustee
|
|
Since November 2006 ***
|
|
Senior Managing Director of Beacon
Trust Company since 2004; Chief Executive Officer of Allied
Capital Management LLC (1997-2004); Vice President
Investments of Honeywell International Inc. (1977-2004)
|
|
Trustee of LEVCO Series Trust;
Director of DB Hedge Strategies Fund LLC; Director of the
Topiary Benefit Plan Investor Fund LLC (financial services)
|
|
|
2
|
|
NON-INTERESTED TRUSTEES:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anthony J. Colavita (71)
Trustee
|
|
Since November 2006 ***
|
|
Partner in the law firm of Anthony
J. Colavita, P.C.
|
|
None
|
|
|
34
|
|
James P. Conn (68)
Trustee
|
|
Since November 2006 *
|
|
Former Managing Director and Chief
Investment Officer of Financial Security Assurance Holdings Ltd.
(insurance holding company) (1992-1998)
|
|
Director of First Republic Bank
(banking)
|
|
|
15
|
|
Clarence A. Davis (64)
Trustee
|
|
Since November 2006 *
|
|
Former Chief Operating Officer
(2000-2005) and Chief Financial Officer (1999-2000) of the
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants
|
|
Director of Oneida Ltd.
(kitchenware)
|
|
|
1
|
|
Mario dUrso (66)
Trustee
|
|
Since November 2006 **
|
|
Chairman of Mittel Capital Markets
S.p.A. since 2001; Senator in the Italian Parliament (1996-2001)
|
|
None
|
|
|
4
|
|
Arthur V. Ferrara (76)
Trustee
|
|
Since November 2006 *
|
|
Former Chairman of the Board and
Chief Executive Officer of The Guardian Life Insurance Company
of America (1993-1995)
|
|
Director of The Guardian Sponsored
Mutual Funds
|
|
|
7
|
|
Michael J. Melarkey (57)
Trustee
|
|
Since November 2006 **
|
|
Partner in the law firm of
Avansino, Melarkey, Knobel & Mulligan
|
|
Director of Southwest Gas
Corporation (natural gas utility)
|
|
|
4
|
|
Salvatore J. Zizza (61)
Trustee
|
|
Since November 2006 ***
|
|
Chairman of Hallmark Electrical
Supplies Corp.
|
|
Director of Hollis Eden
Pharmaceuticals (biotechnology) and Earl Scheib, Inc.
(automotive services)
|
|
|
25
|
|
12
|
|
|
|
|
Name (and Age),
|
|
|
|
|
Position with the Fund
|
|
|
|
|
and Business Address(1)
|
|
Length of Time Served(2)
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years
|
|
Bruce N. Alpert (54)
President
|
|
Since November 2006
|
|
Executive Vice President and Chief
Operating Officer of Gabelli Funds, LLC since 1988; Director and
President of Gabelli Advisers, Inc. since 1998; Officer of all
the registered investment companies in the Gabelli fund complex.
|
Carter W. Austin (40)
Vice President
|
|
Since November 2006
|
|
Vice President of The Gabelli
Equity Trust Inc. since 2000, The Gabelli Dividend & Income
Trust since 2003 and The Gabelli Global Gold, Natural Resources
& Income Trust since 2005; Vice President of Gabelli Funds,
LLC since 1996.
|
Joseph H. Egan (62)
Assistant Treasurer
|
|
Since November 2006
|
|
Officer of all the registered
investment companies in the Gabelli fund complex; Vice President
of Deutsche Investment Management Americas Inc. (formerly
Scudder, Stevens & Clark, Inc.) and Treasurer of The Scudder
Charitable Foundation prior to 2004.
|
Peter D. Goldstein (53)
Chief Compliance
Officer
|
|
Since November 2006
|
|
Director of Regulatory Affairs for
GAMCO Investors, Inc. since 2004; Chief Compliance Officer of
all the registered investment companies in the Gabelli fund
complex; Vice President of Goldman Sachs Asset Management from
2000-2004.
|
James E. McKee (43)
Secretary
|
|
Since November 2006
|
|
Vice President, General Counsel and
Secretary of GAMCO Investors, Inc. since 1999 and GAMCO Asset
Management Inc. since 1993; Secretary of all the registered
investment companies advised by Gabelli Advisers, Inc. and
Gabelli Funds, LLC.
|
Sheila J. Moore (44)
Assistant Vice President
and Ombudsman
|
|
Since November 2006
|
|
Assistant Vice President and the
Gabelli Global Deal Fund since 2006. Adjunct professor in
Economics and Finance, Woodbury University, Burbank, CA prior to
2006.
|
Agnes Mullady (47)
Treasurer and Principal
Financial Officer
|
|
Since November 2006
|
|
Officer of all the registered
investment companies in the Gabelli fund complex; Senior Vice
President of United States Trust Company, N.A. and Treasurer and
Chief Financial Officer of Excelsior Funds from 2004-2005; Chief
Financial Officer of AMIC Distribution Partners from 2002-2004;
Controller of Reserve Management, Inc. and Reserve Partners,
Inc. and Treasurer of Reserve Funds from 2000-2002.
|
David I. Schachter (53)
Vice President
|
|
Since November 2006
|
|
Vice President of The Gabelli
Utility Trust since 1999 and The Gabelli Global Utility &
Income Trust since 2004; Vice President of Gabelli &
Company, Inc. since 1999; Vice President of Thomas J. Herzfeld
Advisors, Inc. (a registered investment adviser and noted
closed-end fund authority) prior to 1999.
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
|
Address: One Corporate Center, Rye, NY
10580-1422,
unless otherwise noted.
|
|
(2)
|
|
The Funds Board is divided into three classes, each class
having a term of three years. Each year the term of office of
one class expires and the successor or successors elected to
such class serve for a three year term. The three year term for
each class expires as follows:
|
|
*
|
|
Term expires at the Funds 2007 Annual Meeting of
Shareholders or until their successors are duly elected and
qualified.
|
|
**
|
|
Term expires at the Funds 2008 Annual Meeting of
Shareholders or until their successors are duly elected and
qualified.
|
|
***
|
|
Term expires at the Funds 2009 Annual Meeting of
Shareholders or until their successors are duly elected and
qualified.
|
|
(3)
|
|
Interested person of the Fund, as defined in the
1940 Act. Mr. Gabelli is considered an interested
person of the Fund because of his affiliation with the
Investment Adviser and with Gabelli & Company, Inc.,
which is a principal underwriter of the Funds common
shares and is expected to execute portfolio transactions for the
Fund. Mr. Tokar is considered an interested
person of the Fund as a result of his sons
employment by an affiliate of the Adviser.
|
13
Prior to this offering, all of the outstanding shares of the
Fund were owned by GAMCO Investors, Inc., a New York corporation
located at One Corporate Center, Rye NY
10580-1422.
GAMCO Investors, Inc. is the parent company of the Investment
Adviser.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dollar Range of Equity Securities
|
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity
|
Name of Trustee
|
|
Held in the Fund*
|
|
Securities Held in Fund Complex
|
|
INTERESTED TRUSTEES:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mario J. Gabelli
|
|
|
none
|
|
|
Over $
|
100,000
|
|
Edward T. Tokar
|
|
|
none
|
|
|
|
none
|
|
NON-INTERESTED TRUSTEES:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anthony J. Colavita**
|
|
|
none
|
|
|
Over $
|
100,000
|
|
James P. Conn
|
|
|
none
|
|
|
Over $
|
100,000
|
|
Clarence A. Davis
|
|
|
none
|
|
|
|
none
|
|
Mario dUrso
|
|
|
none
|
|
|
Over $
|
100,000
|
|
Arthur V. Ferrara
|
|
|
none
|
|
|
Over $
|
100,000
|
|
Michael J. Melarkey
|
|
|
none
|
|
|
Over $
|
100,000
|
|
Salvatore J. Zizza
|
|
|
none
|
|
|
Over $
|
100,000
|
|
All shares were valued as of December 31, 2006.
|
|
|
*
|
|
As of December 31, 2006, Trustees did not own equity
securities of the Fund because the Fund is a newly organized,
closed-end investment company. As of the date of the SAI,
Mario J. Gabelli may be deemed to beneficially own over
$100,000 of the common shares of the Fund, which are held by
GAMCO Investors Inc.
|
|
|
|
**
|
|
Mr. Colavita beneficially owned less than 1% of the common
stock of LGL Group, Inc., having a value of $14,014, as of
December 31, 2006. LGL Group, Inc. may be deemed to be
controlled by Mario J. Gabelli and an affiliated person and in
that event would be deemed to be under common control with the
Investment Adviser.
|
The Trustees serving on the Funds Nominating Committee are
Anthony J. Colavita (Chair) and Salvatore J. Zizza. The
Nominating Committee is responsible for recommending qualified
candidates to the Board in the event that a position is vacated
or created. The Nominating Committee would consider
recommendations by shareholders if a vacancy were to exist. Such
recommendations should be forwarded to the Secretary of the
Fund. The Fund does not have a standing compensation committee.
Anthony J. Colavita, Clarence A. Davis and Salvatore J. Zizza
(Chair), who are not interested persons of the Fund
as defined in the 1940 Act, serve on the Funds Audit
Committee. The Audit Committee is generally responsible for
reviewing and evaluating issues related to the accounting and
financial reporting policies and internal controls of the Fund
and, as appropriate, the internal controls of certain service
providers, overseeing the quality and objectivity of the
Funds financial statements and the audit thereof, and to
act as a liaison between the Board and the Funds
independent registered public accounting firm.
The Trust has a Proxy Voting Committee, which, if so determined
by the Board, is authorized to exercise voting power and/or
dispositive power over specific securities held in the
Funds portfolio for such period as the Board may
determine. The Trustees serving on the Proxy Voting Committee
are James P. Conn, Arthur V. Ferrara and Edward T. Tokar (Chair).
REMUNERATION
OF TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS
The Fund pays each Trustee who is not an officer or employee of
the Investment Adviser or its affiliates a fee of
$3,000 per annum plus $1,000 per board meeting
attended in person ($500 if attended telephonically) and $500
for attending each committee meeting and $3,000 for serving as a
committee chairman (with the exception of the proxy voting
committee), together with each Trustees actual out of
pocket expenses relating to attendance at such meetings.
14
The following table shows the compensation that it is
anticipated the Trustees will earn in their capacity as Trustees
during the Funds year ending December 31, 2007. The
table also shows, for the year ended December 31, 2005, the
compensation Trustees earned in their capacity as trustees for
other funds in the Gabelli fund complex.
COMPENSATION
TABLE
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated Compensation
|
|
Total Compensation from the Fund
|
Name of Trustee
|
|
from the Fund
|
|
and Fund Complex Paid to Trustees*
|
|
INTERESTED TRUSTEES:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mario J. Gabelli
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
(24)***
|
Edward T. Tokar
|
|
$
|
7,000
|
|
|
$
|
20,500
|
(1)
|
NON-INTERESTED TRUSTEES:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anthony J. Colavita
|
|
$
|
11,000
|
|
|
$
|
212,473
|
(37)**,***
|
James P. Conn
|
|
$
|
7,000
|
|
|
$
|
83,283
|
(14)
|
Clarence A. Davis
|
|
$
|
7,500
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
(0)
|
Mario dUrso
|
|
$
|
7,000
|
|
|
$
|
33,367
|
(3)
|
Arthur V. Ferrara
|
|
$
|
7,000
|
|
|
$
|
32,011
|
(9) **
|
Michael J. Melarkey
|
|
$
|
7,000
|
|
|
$
|
34,367
|
(3)
|
Salvatore J. Zizza
|
|
$
|
11,000
|
|
|
$
|
143,962
|
(25)***
|
|
|
|
*
|
|
Represents the total compensation paid to such persons during
the calendar year ended December 31, 2005 by investment
companies (including the Fund) or portfolios thereof from which
such person receives compensation that are considered part of
the same fund complex as the Fund because they have common or
affiliated investment advisers. The total does not include,
among other things, out of pocket Trustee expenses. The number
in parenthesis represents the number of such investment
companies.
|
|
**
|
|
Includes compensation for serving as a Director of The
Treasurers Fund, Inc., which was liquidated on
October 28, 2005.
|
|
***
|
|
Includes compensation for serving as a Trustee of Ned Davis
Research Funds, Inc., which was liquidated on February 10,
2006.
|
Indemnification
of Officers and Trustees; Limitations on Liability
The Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Fund provides that
the Fund will indemnify its Trustees and officers and may
indemnify its employees or agents against liabilities and
expenses incurred in connection with litigation in which they
may be involved because of their positions with the Fund to the
fullest extent permitted by law. However, nothing in the
Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Fund protects or
indemnifies a trustee, officer, employee or agent of the Fund
against any liability to which such person would otherwise be
subject in the event of such persons willful misfeasance,
bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties
involved in the conduct of his or her position.
Investment
Advisory and Administrative Arrangements
Affiliates of the Investment Adviser may, in the ordinary course
of their business, acquire for their own account or for the
accounts of their advisory clients, significant (and possibly
controlling) positions in the securities of companies that may
also be suitable for investment by the Fund. The securities in
which the Fund might invest may thereby be limited to some
extent. For instance, many companies have adopted so-called
poison pill or other defensive measures designed to
discourage or prevent the completion of non-negotiated offers
for control of the company. Such defensive measures may have the
effect of limiting the shares of the company which might
otherwise be acquired by the Fund if the affiliates of the
Investment Adviser or their advisory accounts have or acquire a
significant position in the same securities. However, the
Investment Adviser does not believe that the investment
activities of its affiliates will have a material adverse effect
upon the Fund in seeking to achieve its investment objective. In
addition, the Fund and the Investment Adviser have
15
adopted a code of ethics that is designed in part to ensure that
all such orders are accorded priority of execution over orders
entered on behalf of proprietary accounts or accounts in which
the Investment Adviser or its affiliates have a substantial
pecuniary interest. See Code of Ethics. The
Investment Adviser may give advice or take action with respect
to other clients that differs from the actions taken with
respect to the Fund. The Fund may invest in the securities of
companies that are investment management clients of the
Investment Advisers affiliates. In addition, portfolio
companies or their officers or directors may be minority
shareholders of the Investment Advisers affiliates.
Under the terms of the Advisory Agreement, the Investment
Adviser manages the portfolio of the Fund in accordance with its
stated investment objective and policies, makes investment
decisions for the Fund, places orders to purchase and sell
securities on behalf of the Fund, and manages its other business
and affairs, all subject to the supervision and direction of the
Board. In addition, under the Advisory Agreement, the Investment
Adviser oversees the administration of all aspects of the
Funds business and affairs and provides, or arranges for
others to provide, at the Investment Advisers expense,
certain enumerated services, including maintaining the
Funds books and records, preparing reports to the
Funds shareholders, and supervising the calculation of the
net asset value of its shares. All expenses of computing the net
asset value of the Fund, including any equipment or services
obtained solely for the purpose of pricing shares or valuing its
investment portfolio, will be an expense of the Fund under its
Advisory Agreement.
The Advisory Agreement provides that in the absence of willful
misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard
for its obligations and duties thereunder, the Investment
Adviser is not liable for any error or judgment or mistake of
law or for any loss suffered by the Fund. As part of the
Advisory Agreement, the Fund has agreed that the name
Gabelli is the Investment Advisers property,
and that in the event the Investment Adviser ceases to act as an
investment adviser to the Fund, the Fund will change its name to
one not including Gabelli.
Pursuant to its terms, the Advisory Agreement will remain in
effect with respect to the Fund until the second anniversary of
the effectiveness of such Agreement, and from year to year
thereafter if approved annually (i) by the Board or by the
holders of a majority of its outstanding voting securities and
(ii) by a majority of the Trustees who are not
interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act) of
any party to the Advisory Agreement, by vote cast in person at a
meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval.
The Investment Advisory Agreement was approved by the Board at
an in person meeting of the Board held on November 8, 2006,
including a majority of the Trustees who are not parties to the
agreement or interested persons of any such party (as such term
is defined in the 1940 Act).
The Investment Advisory Agreement terminates automatically on
its assignment and may be terminated without penalty on
60 days written notice at the option of either party
thereto or by a vote of a majority (as defined in the 1940 Act)
of the Funds outstanding shares.
Portfolio
Manager Information
Other
Accounts Managed
The information below lists the number of other registered
investment companies, other pooled investment vehicles and other
accounts for which the Funds portfolio manager was
primarily responsible for the day to day management as of the
year ended December 31, 2005.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
Managed
|
|
|
Assets with
|
|
Name of
|
|
|
|
Number of
|
|
|
|
|
|
with Advisory
|
|
|
Advisory Fee
|
|
Portfolio
|
|
Type of
|
|
Accounts
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
Fee Based on
|
|
|
Based on
|
|
Manager
|
|
Accounts
|
|
Managed
|
|
|
Assets
|
|
|
Performance
|
|
|
Performance
|
|
|
Mario J. Gabelli
|
|
Registered Investment Companies
|
|
|
25
|
|
|
$
|
13.1B
|
*
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
$
|
4.7B
|
*
|
|
|
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
$
|
946.4M
|
*
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
$
|
704.6M
|
|
|
|
Other Accounts
|
|
|
1,882
|
|
|
$
|
10.0B
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
$
|
1.3B
|
|
16
|
|
|
*
|
|
Represents the portion of assets for which the portfolio manager
has primary responsibility in the accounts indicated. The
accounts indicated contain additional assets under the primary
responsibility of other portfolio managers.
|
Potential
Conflicts of Interest
Actual or apparent conflicts of interest may arise when a
portfolio manager for the Fund also has
day-to-day
management responsibilities with respect to one or more other
accounts. These potential conflicts include:
Allocation of Limited Time and
Attention.
Because the portfolio manager manages
many accounts, he may not be able to formulate as complete a
strategy or identify equally attractive investment opportunities
for each of those accounts as if he were to devote substantially
more attention to the management of only a few accounts.
Allocation of Limited Investment
Opportunities.
If the portfolio manager
identifies an investment opportunity that may be suitable for
multiple accounts, the Fund may not be able to take full
advantage of that opportunity because the opportunity may need
to be allocated among all or many of these accounts or other
accounts managed primarily by other portfolio managers of the
Investment Adviser and its affiliates.
Pursuit of Differing Strategies.
At times, the
portfolio manager may determine that an investment opportunity
may be appropriate for only some of the accounts for which he
exercises investment responsibility, or may decide that certain
of these funds or accounts should take differing positions with
respect to a particular security. In these cases, the portfolio
manager may execute differing or opposite transactions for one
or more accounts which may affect the market price of the
security or the execution of the transactions, or both, to the
detriment of one or more of his accounts.
Selection of Broker/Dealers.
Because of the
portfolio managers position with and his indirect majority
ownership interest in an affiliated broker, Gabelli &
Company, Inc. (Gabelli & Company), he may
have an incentive to use Gabelli & Company to execute
portfolio transactions for the Fund even if using
Gabelli & Company is not in the best interest of the
Fund.
Variation in Compensation.
A conflict of
interest may arise where the financial or other benefits
available to the portfolio manager differ among the accounts
that he manages. If the structure of the Investment
Advisers management fee or the portfolio managers
compensation differs among accounts (such as where certain funds
or accounts pay higher management fees or performance-based
management fees), the portfolio manager may be motivated to
favor certain funds or accounts over others. The portfolio
manager also may be motivated to favor funds or accounts in
which he has an investment interest, or in which the Investment
Adviser or its affiliates have investment interests. In
Mr. Gabellis case, the Investment Advisers
compensation (and expenses) for the Fund are marginally greater
as a percentage of assets than for certain other accounts and
are less than for certain other accounts managed by
Mr. Gabelli, while his personal compensation structure
varies with near term performance to a greater degree in certain
performance fee based accounts (including the Fund) than with
non performance fee based accounts. In addition, he has
investment interests in several of the funds managed by the
Investment Adviser and its affiliates.
The Investment Adviser and the Fund have adopted compliance
policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to address
the various conflicts of interest that may arise for the
Investment Adviser and its staff members. However, there is no
guarantee that such policies and procedures will be able to
detect and address every situation in which an actual or
potential conflict may arise.
Compensation
Structure
Mr. Gabelli receives incentive-based variable compensation
based on a percentage of net revenues received by the Investment
Adviser for managing the Fund. Net revenues are determined by
deducting from gross investment management fees the firms
expenses (other than Mr. Gabellis compensation)
allocable to the Fund. Because the Fund has a fulcrum fee
arrangement, Mr. Gabellis compensation as portfolio
manager
17
of the Fund will depend on the Funds level of assets and
its performance relative to the T-Bill Index. Additionally, he
receives similar incentive-based variable compensation for
managing other accounts within the firm (most of which are not
subject to performance or fulcrum fee arrangements). This method
of compensation is based on the premise that superior long-term
performance in managing a portfolio should be rewarded with
higher compensation as a result of growth of assets through
appreciation and net investment activity. Five closed-end
registered investment companies managed by Mr. Gabelli have
arrangements whereby the Investment Adviser will only receive
its investment advisory fee attributable to the liquidation
value of outstanding preferred stock (and Mr. Gabelli would
only receive his percentage of such advisory fee) if certain
performance levels are met. Mr. Gabelli manages other
accounts with performance fees. Compensation for managing these
accounts has two components. One component of his compensation
is based on a percentage of net revenues received by the
Investment Adviser for managing the account. The second
component is based on absolute performance of the account, with
respect to which a percentage of such performance fee is paid to
Mr. Gabelli. As an executive officer of the Investment
Advisers parent company, GAMCO Investors, Inc.,
Mr. Gabelli also receives ten percent of the net operating
profits of the parent company. Mr. Gabelli receives no base
salary, no annual bonus, and no stock options.
As of the date of this SAI, the portfolio manager of the Fund
does not own equity securities of the Fund because the Fund is a
newly organized, closed-end investment company.
Portfolio
Holdings Information
Employees of the Investment Adviser and its affiliates will
often have access to information concerning the portfolio
holdings of the Fund. The Fund and the Investment Adviser have
adopted policies and procedures that require all employees to
safeguard proprietary information of the Fund, which includes
information relating to the Funds portfolio holdings as
well as portfolio trading activity of the Investment Adviser
with respect to the Fund (collectively, Portfolio Holdings
Information). In addition, the Fund and the Investment
Adviser have adopted policies and procedures providing that
Portfolio Holdings Information may not be disclosed except to
the extent that it is (a) made available to the general
public by posting on the Funds website or filed as a part
of a required filing on
Form N-Q
or N-CSR or (b) provided to a third party for legitimate
business purposes or regulatory purposes, that has agreed to
keep such data confidential under forms approved by the
Investment Advisers legal department or outside counsel,
as described below. The Investment Adviser will examine each
situation under (b) with a view to determine that release
of the information is in the best interest of the Fund and its
shareholders and, if a potential conflict between the
Advisers interests and the Funds interests arises,
to have such conflict resolved by the Chief Compliance Officer
or the independent Board. These policies further provide that no
officer of the Fund or employee of the Investment Adviser shall
communicate with the media about the Fund without obtaining the
advance consent of the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Operating
Officer, or General Counsel of the Investment Adviser.
Under the foregoing policies, the Fund currently may disclose
Portfolio Holdings Information in the circumstances outlined
below. Disclosure generally may be either on a monthly or
quarterly basis with no time lag in some cases and with a time
lag of up to 60 days in other cases (with the exception of
proxy voting services which require a regular download of data):
(1) To regulatory authorities in response to requests for
such information and with the approval of the Chief Compliance
Officer of the Fund;
(2) To mutual fund rating and statistical agencies and to
persons performing similar functions where there is a legitimate
business purpose for such disclosure and such entity has agreed
to keep such data confidential until at least it has been made
public by the Investment Adviser;
(3) To service providers of the Fund, as necessary for the
performance of their services to the Fund and to the Board; the
Funds anticipated service providers are its administrator,
transfer agent, custodian, independent registered public
accounting firm, and legal counsel;
18
(4) To firms providing proxy voting and other proxy
services provided such entity has agreed to keep such data
confidential until at least it has been made public by the
Investment Adviser;
(5) To certain broker dealers, investment advisers, and
other financial intermediaries for purposes of their performing
due diligence on the Fund and not for dissemination of this
information to their clients or use of this information to
conduct trading for their clients. Disclosure of Portfolio
Holdings Information in these circumstances requires the broker,
dealer, investment adviser, or financial intermediary to agree
to keep such information confidential and is further subject to
prior approval of the Chief Compliance Officer of the Fund and
shall be reported to the Board at the next quarterly meeting; and
(6) To consultants for purposes of performing analysis of
the Fund, which analysis (but not the Portfolio Holdings
Information) may be used by the consultant with its clients or
disseminated to the public, provided that such entity shall have
agreed to keep such information confidential until at least it
has been made public by the Investment Adviser.
Disclosures made pursuant to a confidentiality agreement are
subject to periodic confirmation by the Chief Compliance Officer
of the Fund that the recipient has utilized such information
solely in accordance with the terms of the agreement. Neither
the Fund nor the Investment Adviser, nor any of the Investment
Advisers affiliates will accept on behalf of itself, its
affiliates, or the Fund any compensation or other consideration
in connection with the disclosure of portfolio holdings of the
Fund. The Board will review such arrangements annually with the
Funds Chief Compliance Officer.
DIVIDENDS
AND DISTRIBUTIONS
The Fund, along with other closed-end registered investment
companies advised by the Investment Adviser, is covered by an
exemption from Section 19(b) of the 1940 Act and
Rule 19b-1
thereunder permitting the Fund to make periodic distributions of
long-term capital gains provided that any distribution policy of
the Fund with respect to its common shares calls for periodic
(e.g., quarterly or semi-annually, but in no event more
frequently than monthly) distributions in an amount equal to a
fixed percentage of the Funds average net asset value or
market price per common share over a specified period of time at
or about the time of distribution or the payment of a fixed
dollar amount. The exemption also permits the Fund to make such
distributions with respect to its senior securities, if any, in
accordance with such shares terms.
Were such a policy adopted, to the extent the Funds total
distributions for a year exceed its net investment company
taxable income (interest, dividends and net short-term capital
gains in excess of expenses) and net realized long-term capital
gains for that year, the excess would generally constitute a tax
free return of capital up to the amount of a shareholders
tax basis in the common shares. Any distributions which (based
upon the Funds full year performance) constitute a tax
free return of capital would reduce a shareholders tax
basis in the common shares, thereby increasing such
shareholders potential gain or reducing his or her
potential loss on the sale of the common shares. Any amounts
distributed to a shareholder in excess of the basis in the
common shares would generally be taxable to the shareholder as
capital gain. See Taxation. Distribution notices
provided by the Fund to its shareholders will clearly indicate
what portion of the distributions would constitute net income,
net capital gains, and return of capital. The final
determination of the source of such distributions for federal
income tax purposes will be made shortly after year end based on
the Funds actual net investment company taxable income and
net capital gain for that year and would be communicated to
shareholders promptly. In the event the Fund distributes amounts
in excess of its investment company taxable income and net
capital gain, such distributions will decrease the Funds
total assets and, therefore, have the likely effect of
increasing the Funds expense ratio as the Funds
fixed expenses will become a larger percentage of the
Funds average net assets. In addition, in order to make
such distributions, the Fund may have to sell a portion of its
investment portfolio at a time when it is disadvantageous to do
so.
19
PORTFOLIO
TRANSACTIONS
Subject to policies established by the Board, the Investment
Adviser is responsible for placing purchase and sale orders and
the allocation of brokerage on behalf of the Fund. Transactions
in equity securities are in most cases effected on U.S. or
foreign stock exchanges and involve the payment of negotiated
brokerage commissions. There may be no stated commission in the
case of securities traded in
over-the-counter
markets, but the prices of those securities may include
undisclosed commissions or
mark-ups.
Principal transactions are not entered into with affiliates of
the Fund. However, Gabelli & Company may execute
transactions in the
over-the-counter
markets on an agency basis and receive a stated commission
therefrom. To the extent consistent with applicable provisions
of the 1940 Act and the rules and exemptions adopted by the
Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder, as well as other
regulatory requirements, the Board has determined that portfolio
transactions may be executed through Gabelli & Company
and its
broker-dealer
affiliates if, in the judgment of the Investment Adviser, the
use of those broker-dealers is likely to result in price and
execution at least as favorable as those of other qualified
broker-dealers, and if, in particular transactions, those
broker-dealers charge the Fund a rate consistent with that
charged to comparable unaffiliated customers in similar
transactions. The Fund has no obligations to deal with any
broker or group of brokers in executing transactions in
portfolio securities. In executing transactions, the Investment
Adviser seeks to obtain the best price and execution for the
Fund, taking into account such factors as price, size of order,
difficulty of execution, and operational facilities of the firm
involved and the firms risk in positioning a block of
securities. While the Investment Adviser generally seeks
reasonably competitive commission rates, the Fund does not
necessarily pay the lowest commission available.
Subject to obtaining the best price and execution, brokers who
provide supplemental research, market, and statistical
information to the Investment Adviser or its affiliates may
receive orders for transactions by the Fund. The term
research, market, and statistical information
includes advice as to the value of securities, and advisability
of investing in, purchasing, or selling securities, the
availability of securities or purchasers or sellers of
securities, and furnishing analyses and reports concerning
issues, industries, securities, economic factors and trends,
portfolio strategy, and the performance of accounts. Information
so received will be in addition to and not in lieu of the
services required to be performed by the Investment Adviser
under the Advisory Agreement and the expenses of the Investment
Adviser will not necessarily be reduced as a result of the
receipt of such supplemental information. Such information may
be useful to the Investment Adviser and its affiliates in
providing services to clients other than the Fund, and not all
such information is used by the Investment Adviser in connection
with the Fund. Conversely, such information provided to the
Investment Adviser and its affiliates by brokers and dealers
through whom other clients of the Investment Adviser and its
affiliates effect securities transactions may be useful to the
Investment Adviser in providing services to the Fund.
TAXATION
The following discussion is a brief summary of certain U.S.
federal income tax considerations affecting the Fund and its
shareholders. The discussion reflects applicable tax laws of the
United States as of the date of this SAI, which tax laws may be
changed or subject to new interpretations by the courts or the
Internal Revenue Service (the IRS) retroactively or
prospectively. No attempt is made to present a detailed
explanation of all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign tax
concerns affecting the Fund and its shareholders (including
shareholders owning large positions in the Fund), and the
discussions set forth here and in the Prospectus do not
constitute tax advice. Investors are urged to consult their own
tax advisers with any specific questions relating to U.S.
federal, state, local and foreign taxes.
Taxation
of the Fund
The Fund intends to elect to be treated and to qualify annually
as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code)
(a RIC). Accordingly, the Fund must, among other
things, (i) derive in each taxable year at least 90% of its
gross income from (a) dividends, interest (including
tax-exempt interest), payments with respect to certain
securities loans, and
20
gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or
foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited
to gain from options, futures and forward contracts) derived
with respect to its business of investing in such stock,
securities or currencies and (b) net income derived from
interests in certain publicly traded partnerships that are
treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes and
that derive less than 90% of their gross income from the items
described in (a) above (each a Qualified Publicly
Traded Partnership); and (ii) diversify its holdings
so that, at the end of each quarter of each taxable year
(a) at least 50% of the value of the Funds total
assets is represented by cash and cash items, U.S. government
securities, the securities of other regulated investment
companies and other securities, with such other securities
limited, in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater
than 5% of the value of the Funds total assets and not
more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such
issuer and (b) not more than 25% of the value of the
Funds total assets is invested in the securities of
(I) any one issuer (other than U.S. government securities
and the securities of other RICs), (II) any two or more
issuers that the Fund controls and that are determined to be
engaged in the same business or similar or related trades or
businesses or (III) any one or more Qualified Publicly
Traded Partnerships.
The Funds investments in partnerships, including in
Qualified Publicly Traded Partnerships, may result in the Fund
being subject to state, local or foreign income, franchise or
withholding tax liabilities.
As a RIC, the Fund generally is not subject to U.S. federal
income tax on income and gains that it distributes each taxable
year to shareholders, if it distributes at least 90% of the sum
of (i) the Funds investment company taxable income
(which includes, among other items, dividends, interest and the
excess of any net short-term capital gain over net long-term
capital loss and other taxable income, other than any net
long-term capital gain, reduced by deductible expenses)
determined without regard to the deduction for dividends and
distributions paid and (ii) its net tax-exempt interest
income (the excess of its gross tax-exempt interest income over
certain disallowed deductions). The Fund intends to distribute
at least annually substantially all of such income.
Amounts not distributed on a timely basis in accordance with a
calendar year distribution requirement are subject to a
nondeductible 4% excise tax at the Fund level. To avoid the tax,
the Fund must distribute during each calendar year an amount at
least equal to the sum of (i) 98% of its ordinary income
(not taking into account any capital gains or losses) for the
calendar year, (ii) 98% of its capital gains in excess of
its capital losses (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) for a
one-year period generally ending on October 31 of the calendar
year (unless an election is made to use the Funds fiscal
year), and (iii) certain undistributed amounts from
previous years on which the Fund paid no U.S. federal income
tax. While the Fund intends to distribute any income and capital
gain in the manner necessary to minimize imposition of the 4%
excise tax, there can be no assurance that sufficient amounts of
the Funds taxable income and capital gains will be
distributed to avoid entirely the imposition of the tax. In that
event, the Fund will be liable for the tax only on the amount by
which it does not meet the foregoing distribution requirement.
A distribution will be treated as paid during the calendar year
if it is paid during the calendar year or declared by the Fund
in October, November or December of the year, payable to
shareholders of record on a date during such a month and paid by
the Fund during January of the following year. Any such
distributions paid during January of the following year will be
deemed to be received by the Funds shareholders on
December 31 of the year the distributions are declared, rather
than when the distributions are actually received.
If the Fund were unable to satisfy the 90% distribution
requirement or otherwise were to fail to qualify as a RIC in any
year, it would be taxed in the same manner as an ordinary
corporation and distributions to the Funds shareholders
would not be deductible by the Fund in computing its taxable
income. To qualify again to be taxed as a RIC in a subsequent
year, the Fund would be required to distribute to its
shareholders its earnings and profits attributable to non-RIC
years reduced by an interest charge on 50% of such earnings and
profits payable by the Fund to the IRS. In addition, if the Fund
failed to qualify as a RIC for a period greater than two taxable
years, then the Fund would be required to elect to recognize and
pay tax on any net built-in gain (the excess of aggregate gain,
including items of income, over aggregate loss that
21
would have been realized if the Fund had been liquidated) or,
alternatively, be subject to taxation on such built-in gain
recognized for a period of ten years, in order to qualify as a
RIC in a subsequent year.
Gain or loss on the sales of securities by the Fund will
generally be long-term capital gain or loss if the securities
have been held by the Fund for more than one year. Gain or loss
on the sale of securities held for one year or less will be
short-term capital gain or loss.
Certain of the Funds investment practices are subject to
special and complex U.S. federal income tax provisions that may,
among other things, (i) disallow, suspend or otherwise
limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions,
(ii) convert lower taxed long-term capital gains and
qualified dividend income into higher taxed short-term capital
gains or ordinary income, (iii) convert ordinary loss or a
deduction into capital loss (the deductibility of which is more
limited), (iv) cause the Fund to recognize income or gain
without a corresponding receipt of cash, (v) adversely
affect the time as to when a purchase or sale of stock or
securities is deemed to occur, (vi) adversely alter the
characterization of certain complex financial transactions and
(vii) produce income that will not qualify as good income
for purposes of the 90% annual gross income requirement
described above. The Fund will monitor its transactions and may
make certain tax elections and may be required to borrow money
or dispose of securities to mitigate the effect of these rules
and prevent disqualification of the Fund as a RIC.
Foreign currency gain or loss on
non-U.S.
dollar-denominated securities and on any
non-U.S.
dollar-denominated futures contracts, options and forward
contracts that are not section 1256 contracts (as defined
below) generally will be treated as ordinary income and loss.
The premium received by the Fund for writing a call option is
not included in income at the time of receipt. If the option
expires, the premium is short-term capital gain to the Fund. If
the Fund enters into a closing transaction, the difference
between the amount paid to close out its position and the
premium received is short-term capital gain or loss. If a call
option written by the Fund is exercised, thereby requiring the
Fund to sell the underlying security, the premium will increase
the amount realized upon the sale of the security and any
resulting gain or loss will be long-term or short-term,
depending upon the holding period of the security. Because the
Fund does not have control over the exercise of the call options
it writes, such exercises or other required sales of the
underlying securities may cause the Fund to realize capital
gains or losses at inopportune times.
With respect to a put or call option that is purchased by the
Fund, if the option is sold, any resulting gain or loss will be
a capital gain or loss, and will be short-term or long-term,
depending upon the holding period for the option. If the option
expires, the resulting loss is a capital loss and is short-term
or long-term, depending upon the holding period for the option.
If the option is exercised, the cost of the option, in the case
of a call option, is added to the basis of the purchased
security and, in the case of a put option, reduces the amount
realized on the underlying security in determining gain or loss.
The Funds investment in so-called section 1256
contracts, such as regulated futures contracts, most
foreign currency forward contracts traded in the interbank
market and options on most stock indices, are subject to special
tax rules. All section 1256 contracts held by the Fund at
the end of its taxable year are required to be marked to their
market value, and any unrealized gain or loss on those positions
will be included in the Funds income as if each position
had been sold for its fair market value at the end of the
taxable year. The resulting gain or loss will be combined with
any gain or loss realized by the Fund from positions in
section 1256 contracts closed during the taxable year.
Provided such positions were held as capital assets and were not
part of a hedging transaction nor part of a
straddle, 60% of the resulting net gain or loss will
be treated as long-term capital gain or loss, and 40% of such
net gain or loss will be treated as
short-term
capital gain or loss, regardless of the period of time the
positions were actually held by the Fund.
Because the Fund may invest in foreign securities, its income
from such securities may be subject to
non-U.S.
taxes. The Fund intends to invest less than 50% of its total
assets in foreign securities. As long as the Fund continues to
invest less than 50% of its assets in foreign securities it will
not be eligible to elect to pass-through to
shareholders of the Fund the ability to use the foreign tax
deduction or foreign tax credit for foreign taxes paid with
respect to qualifying taxes.
22
Taxation
of Shareholders
The Fund will either distribute or retain for reinvestment all
or part of its net capital gain. If any such gain is retained,
the Fund will be subject to a tax of 35% of such amount. In that
event, the Fund expects to designate the retained amount as
undistributed capital gain in a notice to its shareholders, each
of whom (i) will be required to include in income for tax
purposes as long-term capital gain its share of such
undistributed amounts, (ii) will be entitled to credit its
proportionate share of the tax paid by the Fund against its U.S.
federal income tax liability and to claim refunds to the extent
that the credit exceeds such liability and (iii) will
increase its basis in its common shares of the Fund by an amount
equal to 65% of the amount of undistributed capital gain
included in such shareholders gross income.
Distributions paid by the Fund from its investment company
taxable income, which includes net short-term capital gain,
generally are taxable as ordinary income to the extent of the
Funds earnings and profits. Such distributions (if
designated by the Fund) may, however, qualify (provided holding
period and other requirements are met by both the Fund and the
shareholder) (i) for the dividends received deduction
available to corporations, but only to the extent that the
Funds income consists of dividend income from U.S.
corporations and (ii) in the case of individual
shareholders, as qualified dividend income eligible to be taxed
at a maximum rate of generally 15% (5% for individuals in lower
tax brackets) to the extent that the Fund receives qualified
dividend income. If the Funds qualified dividend income is
less than 95% of its gross income, a shareholder of the Fund may
only include as qualified dividend income that portion of the
dividends that may be and are so designated by the Fund as
qualified dividend income. These special rules relating to the
taxation of ordinary income dividends paid by RICs to individual
taxpayers generally apply to taxable years beginning on or
before December 31, 2010. Thereafter, the Funds
dividends, other than capital gains dividends, will be fully
taxable at ordinary income rates unless further Congressional
action is taken. There can be no assurance as to what portion of
the Funds distributions will qualify for favorable
treatment as qualified dividend income.
Qualified dividend income is, in general, dividend income from
taxable domestic corporations and certain qualified foreign
corporations (e.g., generally, foreign corporations incorporated
in a possession of the United States or in certain countries
with a qualifying comprehensive tax treaty with the United
States, or whose stock with respect to which such dividend is
paid is readily tradable on an established securities market in
the United States). A qualified foreign corporation does not
include a foreign corporation which for the taxable year of the
corporation in which the dividend was paid, or the preceding
taxable year, is a passive foreign investment
company, as defined in the Code. If the Fund lends
portfolio securities, the amount received by the Fund that is
the equivalent of the dividends paid by the issuer on the
securities loaned will not be eligible for qualified dividend
income treatment.
Distributions of net capital gain designated as capital gain
distributions, if any, are taxable to shareholders at rates
applicable to long-term capital gain, whether paid in cash or in
stock, and regardless of how long the shareholder has held the
Funds common shares. Capital gain distributions are not
eligible for the dividends received deduction. The maximum U.S.
federal tax rate on net long-term capital gain of individuals is
generally 15% (5% for individuals in lower brackets) for such
gain realized before January 1, 2011. Unrecaptured
Section 1250 gain distributions, if any, will be subject to
a 25% tax. For non-corporate taxpayers, investment company
taxable income (other than qualified dividend income) will
currently be taxed at a maximum rate of 35%, while net capital
gain generally will be taxed at a maximum rate of 15%. For
corporate taxpayers, both investment company taxable income and
net capital gain are taxed at a maximum rate of 35%.
If, for any calendar year, the total distributions exceed both
current earnings and profits and accumulated earnings and
profits, the excess will generally be treated as a tax-free
return of capital up to the amount of a shareholders tax
basis in the common shares. The amount treated as a tax-free
return of capital will reduce a shareholders tax basis in
the common shares, thereby increasing such shareholders
potential gain or reducing his or her potential loss on the sale
of the common shares. Any amounts distributed to a shareholder
in excess of his or her basis in the common shares will be
taxable to the shareholder as capital gain (assuming your common
shares are held as a capital asset).
23
Shareholders may be entitled to offset their capital gain
distributions (but not distributions eligible for qualified
dividend income treatment) with capital loss. There are a number
of statutory provisions affecting when capital loss may be
offset against capital gain, and limiting the use of loss from
certain investments and activities. Accordingly, shareholders
with capital loss are urged to consult their tax advisers.
An investor should be aware that if Fund common shares are
purchased shortly before the record date for any taxable
distribution (including a capital gain dividend), the purchase
price likely will reflect the value of the distribution and the
investor then would receive a taxable distribution that is
likely to reduce the trading value of such Fund common shares,
in effect resulting in a taxable return of some of the purchase
price.
Certain types of income received by the Fund from real estate
investment trusts (REITs), real estate mortgage
investment conduits (REMICs), taxable mortgage pools
or other investments may cause the Fund to designate some or all
of its distributions as excess inclusion income. To
Fund shareholders such excess inclusion income will
(i) constitute taxable income, as unrelated business
taxable income (UBTI) for those shareholders
who would otherwise be tax-exempt such as individual retirement
accounts, 401(k) accounts, Keogh plans, pension plans and
certain charitable entities; (ii) not be offset against net
operating losses for tax purposes; (iii) not be eligible
for reduced U.S. withholding for
non-U.S.
shareholders even from tax treaty countries; and (iv) cause
the Fund to be subject to tax if certain disqualified
organizations, as defined by the Code (such as certain
governments or governmental agencies and charitable remainder
trusts), are Fund shareholders.
Upon a sale, exchange or other disposition of common shares, a
shareholder will generally realize a taxable gain or loss equal
to the difference between the amount of cash and the fair market
value of other property received and the shareholders
adjusted tax basis in the common shares. Such gain or loss will
be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the common
shares have been held for more than one year. Any loss realized
on a sale or exchange of common shares of the Fund will be
disallowed to the extent the common shares disposed of are
replaced by substantially identical common shares within a
61-day
period beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days
after the date that the common shares are disposed of. In such a
case, the basis of the common shares acquired will be adjusted
to reflect the disallowed loss.
Any loss realized by a shareholder on the sale of Fund common
shares held by the shareholder for six months or less will be
treated for tax purposes as a long-term capital loss to the
extent of any capital gain distributions received by the
shareholder (or amounts credited to the shareholder as an
undistributed capital gain) with respect to such common shares.
Ordinary income distributions and capital gain distributions
also may be subject to state and local taxes. Shareholders are
urged to consult their own tax advisers regarding specific
questions about U.S. federal (including the application of the
alternative minimum tax rules), state, local or foreign tax
consequences to them of investing in the Fund.
A shareholder that is a nonresident alien individual or a
foreign corporation (a foreign investor) generally
will be subject to U.S. withholding tax at the rate of 30% (or
possibly a lower rate provided by an applicable tax treaty) on
ordinary income dividends (except as discussed below). Different
tax consequences may result if the foreign investor is engaged
in a trade or business in the United States or, in the case of
an individual, is present in the United States for 183 days
or more during a taxable year and certain other conditions are
met. Foreign investors should consult their tax advisors
regarding the tax consequences of investing in the Funds
common shares.
In general, U.S. federal withholding tax will not apply to any
gain or income realized by a foreign investor in respect of any
distributions of net long-term capital gains over net short-term
capital losses, exempt-interest dividends, or upon the sale or
other disposition of common shares of the Fund.
For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2008,
properly-designated dividends are generally exempt from U.S.
federal withholding tax where they (i) are paid in respect
of the Funds qualified net interest income
(generally, the Funds U.S. source interest income, other
than certain contingent interest and interest from obligations
of a corporation or partnership in which the Fund is at least a
10% shareholder, reduced by expenses that are allocable to such
income) or (ii) are paid in respect of the Funds
qualified
24
short-term capital gains (generally, the excess of the
Funds net short-term capital gain over the Funds
long-term
capital loss for such taxable year). However, depending on its
circumstances, the Fund may designate all, some or none of its
potentially eligible dividends as such qualified net interest
income or as qualified short-term capital gains, and/or treat
such dividends, in whole or in part, as ineligible for this
exemption from withholding. In order to qualify for this
exemption from withholding, a foreign investor will need to
comply with applicable certification requirements relating to
its
non-U.S.
status (including, in general, furnishing an IRS
Form W-8BEN
or substitute Form). In the case of common shares held through
an intermediary, the intermediary may withhold even if the Fund
designates the payment as qualified net interest income or
qualified short-term capital gain.
Foreign investors should contact their intermediaries with
respect to the application of these rules to their accounts.
There can be no assurance as to what portion of the Funds
distributions will qualify for favorable treatment as qualified
net interest income or qualified short-term capital gains.
Backup
Withholding
The Fund may be required to withhold U.S. federal income tax on
all taxable distributions and redemption proceeds payable to
non-corporate shareholders who fail to provide the Fund with
their correct taxpayer identification number or to make required
certifications, or who have been notified by the IRS that they
are subject to backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an
additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be refunded or credited
against such shareholders U.S. federal income tax
liability, if any, provided that the required information is
furnished to the IRS.
The foregoing is a general and abbreviated summary of the
applicable provisions of the Code and Treasury regulations
presently in effect. For the complete provisions, reference
should be made to the pertinent Code sections and the Treasury
regulations promulgated thereunder. The Code and the Treasury
regulations are subject to change by legislative, judicial or
administrative action, either prospectively or retroactively.
Persons considering an investment in common shares of the Fund
should consult their own tax advisers regarding the purchase,
ownership and disposition of Fund common shares.
25
REPORT OF
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of
Trustees and Shareholders of
The Gabelli Global Deal Fund:
We have audited the accompanying statement of net assets of The
Gabelli Global Deal Fund (the Fund) as of
January 5, 2007. This financial statement is the
responsibility of the Funds management. Our responsibility
is to express an opinion on this financial statement based on
our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statement is
free of material misstatement. We were not engaged to perform an
audit of the Funds internal control over financial
reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control
over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit
procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not
for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of
the Funds internal control over financial reporting.
Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes
examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and
disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, and evaluating the overall financial statement
presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable
basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statement referred to above
presents fairly, in all material respects, the financial
position of The Gabelli Global Deal Fund at January 5,
2007, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting
principles.
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
January 19, 2007
26
FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS
The
Gabelli Global Deal Fund
Statement
of Net Assets
January 5, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
|
|
$
|
100,008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Assets
|
|
$
|
100,008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Assets Consist
of:
|
|
|
|
|
Common shares of beneficial
interest, at $0.001 par value
|
|
$
|
5
|
|
Additional
paid-in-capital
|
|
$
|
100,003
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Assets
|
|
$
|
100,008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common Shares:
|
|
|
|
|
Net Asset Value
per share
($100,008/5,236 common shares of beneficial interest outstanding)
|
|
$
|
19.10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Public offering price per share
(including 4.5% front end sales charge)
|
|
$
|
20.00
|
|
The
Gabelli Global Deal Fund
Notes to Statement of Net Assets
January 5, 2007
Note 1
Organization
The Gabelli Global Deal Fund (the Fund) is a newly
organized, non-diversified, closed-end management investment
company, formed as a Delaware statutory trust. There have been
no operations to date other than matters relating to its
organization under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as
amended, and the sale and issuance of 5,236 of its common shares
of beneficial interest (Shares) to GAMCO Investors,
Inc., the parent company of Gabelli Funds, LLC, the Funds
investment adviser (the Adviser).
The Funds investment objective is to achieve absolute
returns in various market conditions without excessive risk of
capital. Absolute returns are defined as positive total returns,
regardless of the direction of securities markets. The Fund will
seek to achieve its objective by investing primarily in merger
arbitrage transactions and, to a lesser extent, in corporate
reorganizations involving stubs, spin-offs and liquidations.
Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of
its assets in securities or hedging arrangements relating to
companies involved in corporate transactions or reorganizations,
giving rise to the possibility of realizing gains upon or within
relatively short periods of time after the completion of such
transactions or reorganizations.
Note 2
Significant Accounting Policies
The following accounting policies are in accordance with United
States (U.S.) generally accepted accounting
principles, which will be consistently followed by the Fund:
Use of Estimates:
The preparation of
financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted
accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts and disclosures in
the financial statements. Actual results could differ from those
estimates.
Organization Expenses and Offering
Costs:
Organization expenses relating to the
Fund have been incurred and will be assumed by the Adviser. Upon
commencement of operations, the offering costs (other than sales
load), which have not been determined will be borne by the Fund
and its shareholders and will be accounted for as a reduction to
paid-in-capital
up to $.04 per share including the Shares issued in the public
offering. The aggregate amount assumed by the Fund will depend
on the total shares issued. The Adviser has agreed to pay the
Funds offering costs (other than sales load) that exceed
$0.04 per share.
27
Federal Taxes
:
The Fund intends
to qualify for treatment as a regulated investment company under
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and distribute
all its taxable income. In addition, by distributing in each
calendar year substantially all of its net investment income,
net capital gain, and certain other amounts, if any, the Fund
will not be subject to Federal income or excise tax.
Foreign Currency Translation:
The books
and records of the Fund are maintained in U.S. dollars.
Note 3
Investment Adviser and Other Transactions with
Affiliates
The Fund has entered into an investment advisory agreement (the
Advisory Agreement) with the Adviser which provides
that the Fund will pay the Adviser a base fee computed weekly
and paid monthly, equal on an annual basis, to 0.50% of the
Funds average weekly managed assets upon commencement of
the Funds investment operations. Managed assets consist of
all of the assets of the Fund without deduction for borrowings,
repurchase transactions and other leveraging techniques, the
liquidation value of any outstanding preferred shares or other
liabilities except for certain ordinary course expenses. In
addition, the Adviser will be entitled to receive an annual
performance fee as of the end of each calendar year if the total
return of the Fund on its common shares during the calendar year
in question exceeds the total return of the T-Bill Index
compounded quarterly on the same dates as the Funds
quarterly ex-dividend dates (or at the end of the quarter if no
dividend is paid) during the same period. If the Funds
total return for the calendar year exceeds the total return of
the T-Bill Index for the same period plus 3.0% (300 basis
points), the Adviser will receive a performance fee of 0.75% of
the Funds average weekly managed assets during the period.
This performance fee will be increased by 0.01% (one basis
point) for each 0.04% (four basis points) by which the
Funds total return during the period exceeds the T-Bill
Index total return plus 3.0% (300 basis points), up to a maximum
performance fee of 1.50% if the excess performance over the
T-Bill Index is 6.0% (600 basis points) or greater and will be
decreased at the same rate for the amount by which the
Funds total return during the period is less than the
T-Bill Index total return plus 3.0% (300 basis points), until no
performance fee is payable if the Funds total return is
less than or equal to the T-Bill Index total return. In
accordance with the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser will provide
a continuous investment program for the Funds portfolio
and oversees the administration of all aspects of the
Funds business and affairs. Mellon Trust of New England,
NA serves as the custodian of the Funds assets pursuant to
a custody agreement. American Stock Transfer &
Trust Company serves as the Funds dividend disbursing
agent, as agent under the Funds Dividend Reinvestment and
Cash Repurchase Plan and as transfer agent and registrar for the
common shares of the Fund.
The Fund will assume its portion of the allocated cost of the
Gabelli Funds Chief Compliance Officer. The cost is based
on an allocation methodology that has been approved by the
Funds Board of Trustees.
Note 4
Initial Public Offering
The Fund has filed a registration statement to commence a public
offering of its Shares and intends to enter into an underwriting
agreement with several underwriters, including
Gabelli & Company, Inc., an affiliate of the
Funds Adviser. The sales load the Fund will pay of $.90
per share is equal to 4.5% of the initial offering price. The
Adviser has agreed to pay certain fees to the underwriters in
connection with the offering.
28
GENERAL
INFORMATION
Book-Entry-Only
Issuance
The Depository Trust Company (DTC) will act as
securities depository for the common shares offered pursuant to
the Prospectus. The information in this section concerning DTC
and DTCs book-entry system is based upon information
obtained from DTC. The securities offered hereby initially will
be issued only as fully-registered securities registered in the
name of Cede & Co. (as nominee for DTC). One or more
fully-registered global security certificates initially will be
issued, representing in the aggregate the total number of
securities, and deposited with DTC.
DTC is a limited-purpose trust company organized under the New
York Banking Law, a banking organization within the
meaning of the New York Banking Law, a member of the Federal
Reserve System, a clearing corporation within the
meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code and a
clearing agency registered pursuant to the
provisions of Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended. DTC holds securities that its participants
deposit with DTC. DTC also facilitates the settlement among
participants of securities transactions, such as transfers and
pledges, in deposited securities through electronic computerized
book-entry changes in participants accounts, thereby
eliminating the need for physical movement of securities
certificates. Direct DTC participants include securities brokers
and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and
certain other organizations. Access to the DTC system is also
available to others such as securities brokers and dealers,
banks and trust companies that clear through or maintain a
custodial relationship with a direct participant, either
directly or indirectly through other entities.
Purchases of securities within the DTC system must be made by or
through direct participants, which will receive a credit for the
securities on DTCs records. The ownership interest of each
actual purchaser of a security, a beneficial owner, is in turn
to be recorded on the direct or indirect participants
records. Beneficial owners will not receive written confirmation
from DTC of their purchases, but beneficial owners are expected
to receive written confirmations providing details of the
transactions, as well as periodic statements of their holdings,
from the direct or indirect participants through which the
beneficial owners purchased securities. Transfers of ownership
interests in securities are to be accomplished by entries made
on the books of participants acting on behalf of beneficial
owners. Beneficial owners will not receive certificates
representing their ownership interests in securities, except as
provided herein.
DTC has no knowledge of the actual beneficial owners of the
securities being offered pursuant to the Prospectus; DTCs
records reflect only the identity of the direct participants to
whose accounts such securities are credited, which may or may
not be the beneficial owners. The participants will remain
responsible for keeping account of their holdings on behalf of
their customers.
Conveyance of notices and other communications by DTC to direct
participants, by direct participants to indirect participants,
and by direct participants and indirect participants to
beneficial owners will be governed by arrangements among them,
subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements as may be in
effect from time to time.
Payments on the securities will be made to DTC. DTCs
practice is to credit direct participants accounts on the
relevant payment date in accordance with their respective
holdings shown on DTCs records unless DTC has reason to
believe that it will not receive payments on such payment date.
Payments by participants to beneficial owners will be governed
by standing instructions and customary practices and will be the
responsibility of such participant and not of DTC or the Fund,
subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements as may be in
effect from time to time. Payment of distributions to DTC is the
responsibility of the Fund, disbursement of such payments to
direct participants is the responsibility of DTC, and
disbursement of such payments to the beneficial owners is the
responsibility of direct and indirect participants. Furthermore
each beneficial owner must rely on the procedures of DTC to
exercise any rights under the securities.
DTC may discontinue providing its services as securities
depository with respect to the securities at any time by giving
reasonable notice to the Fund. Under such circumstances, in the
event that a successor securities depository is not obtained,
certificates representing the securities will be printed and
delivered.
29
PROXY
VOTING PROCEDURES
The Fund has adopted the proxy voting procedures of the
Investment Adviser and has directed the Investment Adviser to
vote all proxies relating to the Funds voting securities
in accordance with such procedures. The proxy voting procedures
are attached. They are also on file with the Securities and
Exchange Commission and can be reviewed and copied at the
Securities and Exchange Commissions Public Reference Room
in Washington, D.C., and information on the operation of
the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the
Securities and Exchange Commission at
202-551-8090.
The proxy voting procedures are also available on the EDGAR
Database on the Securities and Exchange Commissions
Internet site
(http://www.sec.gov),
and copies of the proxy voting procedures may be obtained, after
paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following
E-mail
address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the Securities and
Exchange Commissions Public Reference Section,
Washington, D.C.
20549-0102.
30
CODE OF
ETHICS
The Fund and the Investment Adviser have adopted a code of
ethics. This code of ethics sets forth restrictions on the
trading activities of trustees/directors, officers and employees
of the Fund, the Investment Adviser and their affiliates. For
example, with certain exceptions, such persons may not purchase
any security for which the Fund has a purchase or sale order
pending, or for which such trade is under active consideration.
In addition, with certain exceptions, those trustees/directors,
officers and employees that are principally involved in
investment decisions for client accounts are prohibited from
purchasing or selling for their own account for a period of
seven days a security that has been traded for a clients
account, unless such trade is executed on more favorable terms
for the clients account and it is determined that such
trade will not adversely affect the clients account.
Short-term trading by such trustee/directors, officers and
employees for their own accounts in securities held by a Fund
clients account is also restricted. The above examples are
subject to certain exceptions and they do not represent all of
the trading restrictions and policies set forth by the code of
ethics. The code of ethics is on file with the Securities and
Exchange Commission and can be reviewed and copied at the
Securities and Exchange Commissions Public Reference Room
in Washington, D.C., and information on the operation of
the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the
Securities and Exchange Commission at
202-551-8090.
The code of ethics is also available on the EDGAR Database on
the Securities and Exchange Commissions Internet site
(http://www.sec.gov), and copies of the code of ethics may be
obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request
at the following
E-mail
address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the Securities and
Exchange Commissions Public Reference Section,
Washington, D.C.
20549-0102.
JOINT
CODE OF ETHICS FOR CHIEF EXECUTIVE AND SENIOR FINANCIAL
OFFICERS
The Fund and the Investment Adviser have adopted a joint code of
ethics that serves as a code of conduct. This code of ethics
sets forth policies to guide the chief executive and senior
financial officers in the performance of their duties. The code
of ethics is on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission
and can be reviewed and copied at the Securities and Exchange
Commissions Public Reference Room in
Washington, D.C., and information on the operation of the
Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the Securities
and Exchange Commission at
202-551-8090.
The code of ethics is also available on the EDGAR Database on
the Securities and Exchange Commissions Internet site
(http://www.sec.gov), and copies of the code of ethics may be
obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request
at the following
E-mail
address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the Securities and
Exchange Commissions Public Reference Section,
Washington, D.C.
20549-0102.
31
PART C
OTHER INFORMATION
Financial
Statements
Exhibits
|
|
|
(a)
|
|
Agreement and Declaration of
Trust(1)
|
(b)
|
|
By-laws of Registrant(1)
|
(c)
|
|
Not applicable
|
(d)
|
|
Form of Specimen Share
Certificate(2)
|
(e)
|
|
Automatic Dividend Reinvestment
and Voluntary Cash Purchase Plan of Registrant(2)
|
(f)
|
|
Not applicable
|
(g)
|
|
Form of Investment Advisory
Agreement between Registrant and Gabelli Funds, LLC(1)
|
(h)
|
|
Form of Purchase Agreement(2)
|
(i)
|
|
Not applicable
|
(j)
|
|
Form of Custodian Contract(2)
|
(k)
|
|
Form of Registrar, Transfer Agency
and Service Agreement(2)
|
(l)
|
|
Opinion and Consent of Skadden,
Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP with respect to
legality of shares(2)
|
(m)
|
|
Not applicable
|
(n)
|
|
(i) Consent of
Independent Auditors(2)
|
|
|
(ii) Powers of Attorney(2)
|
(o)
|
|
Not applicable
|
(p)
|
|
Not applicable
|
(q)
|
|
Not applicable
|
(r)
|
|
(i) Codes of Ethics of the
Registrant and Gabelli Funds, LLC(2)
|
|
|
(ii) Code of Conduct for
Chief Executive and Senior Financial Officers
|
|
|
(1) Filed previously and
incorporated by reference from Pre-Effective Amendment
No. 1 to the Registrants registration statement on
Form N-2 filed on December 13, 2006.
|
|
|
(2) Filed herewith.
|
Marketing
Arrangements
Not
Applicable.
Other
Expenses of Issuance and Distribution
The following table sets forth the estimated expenses to be
incurred in connection with the offering described in this
Registration Statement:
|
|
|
|
|
NYSE listing fee
|
|
$
|
30,000
|
|
SEC registration fees
|
|
$
|
42,800
|
|
Printing/engraving expenses
|
|
$
|
200,000
|
|
Accounting fees
|
|
$
|
35,000
|
|
NASD filing fees
|
|
$
|
40,500
|
|
Transfer Agent fees
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
Blue Sky fees
|
|
$
|
25,000
|
|
Legal fees
|
|
$
|
350,000
|
|
Underwriting Reimbursement
|
|
$
|
133,400
|
|
Miscellaneous
|
|
$
|
43,300
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
900,000
|
|
1
Persons
Controlled by or Under Common Control with the
Registrant
NONE
Number of
Holders of Securities as of January 26, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
Title of Class
|
|
Holders of Record
|
|
Common Shares of Beneficial
Interest
|
|
|
1
|
|
Indemnification
Information regarding indemnification of directors and officers
is incorporated by reference to the caption Management of
the Fund-Indemnification of Officers and Trustees; Limitations
on Liability in the Part B of this Registration
Statement.
Business
and Other Connections of Investment Adviser
The Investment Adviser, a limited liability company organized
under the laws of the State of New York, acts as investment
adviser to the Registrant. The Registrant is fulfilling the
requirement of this Item 30 to provide a list of the
officers and trustees of the Investment Adviser, together with
information as to any other business, profession, vocation or
employment of a substantial nature engaged in by the Investment
Adviser or those officers and trustees during the past two
years, by incorporating by reference the information contained
in the Form ADV of the Investment Adviser filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Investment
Advisers Act of 1940 (Securities and Exchange Commission File
No. 801-26202).
Location
of Accounts and Records
The accounts and records of the Registrant are maintained in
part at the office of the Investment Adviser at One Corporate
Center, Rye, New York
10580-1422,
in part at the offices of the Custodian at 135 Santilli Highway,
Everett, Massachusetts 02149, and located in part at the offices
of the transfer agent and registrar, American Stock
Transfer & Trust Company at 59 Maiden Lane, New York,
New York 10038, and in part at the Funds
sub-administrator,
PFPC Inc., at 760 Moore Road, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania
19406.
Management
Services
Not applicable.
Undertakings
1. Registrant undertakes to suspend the offering of shares
until this prospectus is amended, if subsequent to the effective
date of this registration statement, its net asset value
declines more than ten percent from its net asset value, as of
the effective date of the registration statement or its net
asset value increases to an amount greater than its net proceeds
as stated in this prospectus.
2. Not applicable.
3. Not applicable.
4. Not applicable.
5. Registrant undertakes that, for the purpose of
determining any liability under the 1933 Act the
information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of
the Registration Statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and
contained in the form of prospectus filed by the Registrant
pursuant to Rule 497(h) will be deemed to be a part of the
Registration Statement as of the time it was declared effective.
Registrant undertakes that, for the purpose of determining any
liability under the 1933 Act, each post-effective amendment
that contains a form of prospectus will be deemed to be a new
Registration Statement relating to the securities offered
therein, and the offering of such securities at that time will
be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
6. Registrant undertakes to send by first class mail or
other means designed to ensure equally prompt delivery, within
two business days of receipt of a written or oral request, any
Statement of Additional Information constituting Part B of
this Registration Statement.
2
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended, and the Investment Company Act of 1940, this Registrant
has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its
behalf by the undersigned, thereto duly authorized, in the City
of Rye, State of New York, on the 26th day of January, 2007.
THE GABELLI GLOBAL DEAL FUND
President and Principal Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and
the Investment Company Act of 1940, this Registration Statement
has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities
and on the dates set forth below.
|
|
|
|
|
Signature
|
|
Title
|
|
Date
|
|
/s/
Agnes
Mullady
Agnes
Mullady
|
|
Treasurer and
Principal Financial Officer
|
|
January 26, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anthony
J. Colavita*
|
|
Trustee
|
|
January 26, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
James
P. Conn*
|
|
Trustee
|
|
January 26, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
Clarence
A. Davis*
|
|
Trustee
|
|
January 26, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mario
dUrso*
|
|
Trustee
|
|
January 26, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
Arthur
V. Ferrara*
|
|
Trustee
|
|
January 26, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mario
J. Gabelli*
|
|
Trustee
|
|
January 26, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
Michael
J. Melarkey*
|
|
Trustee
|
|
January 26, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
Edward
T. Tokar*
|
|
Trustee
|
|
January 26, 2007
|
3
|
|
|
|
|
Signature
|
|
Title
|
|
Date
|
|
Salvatore
J. Zizza*
|
|
Trustee
|
|
January 26, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/
Bruce
N. Alpert
Bruce
N. Alpert
|
|
Attorney-in-Fact
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Pursuant to a Power of
Attorney
|
|
|
|
|
4
EXHIBIT INDEX
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit
|
|
|
Number
|
|
Description of Exhibit
|
|
|
EX-99
|
.(a)
|
|
Agreement and Declaration of Trust*
|
|
EX-99
|
.(b)
|
|
By-Laws of Registrant*
|
|
EX-99
|
.(c)
|
|
Not applicable
|
|
EX-99
|
.(d)
|
|
Form of Specimen Share
Certificate(1)
|
|
EX-99
|
.(e)
|
|
Automatic Dividend Reinvestment
and Voluntary Cash Purchase Plan of Registrant(1)
|
|
EX-99
|
.(f)
|
|
Not applicable
|
|
EX-99
|
.(g)
|
|
Form of Investment Advisory
Agreement between Registrant and Gabelli Funds, LLC*
|
|
EX-99
|
.(h)
|
|
Form of Underwriting Agreement(1)
|
|
EX-99
|
.(i)
|
|
Not applicable
|
|
EX-99
|
.(j)
|
|
Form of Custodian Contract(1)
|
|
EX-99
|
.(k)
|
|
Form of Registrar, Transfer Agency
and Service Agreement(1)
|
|
EX-99
|
.(l)
|
|
Opinion and Consent of Skadden,
Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP with respect to
legality(1)
|
|
EX-99
|
.(m)
|
|
Not applicable
|
|
EX-99
|
.(n)
|
|
(i) Consent of Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm(1)
|
|
|
|
|
(ii) Powers of Attorney(1)
|
|
EX-99
|
.(o)
|
|
Not applicable
|
|
EX-99
|
.(p)
|
|
Initial Subscription Agreement(1)
|
|
EX-99
|
.(q)
|
|
Not applicable
|
|
EX-99
|
.(r)
|
|
(i) Code of Ethics of the
Registrant and the Investment Adviser(1)
|
|
|
|
|
(ii) Code of Conduct for
Chief Executive and Senior Financial Officers(1)
|
|
|
|
*
|
|
Incorporated by reference from the registrants
registration statement on
Form N-2
filed on December 13, 2006
|
5
Exhibit 99(h)
The Gabelli Global Deal Fund
(a Delaware statutory trust)
Common Shares of Beneficial Interest
($0.001 Par Value)
PURCHASE AGREEMENT
January , 2007
Merrill Lynch & Co.
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated
Citigroup Global Markets Inc.
A.G. Edwards & Sons, Inc.
Gabelli & Company, Inc.
BB&T Capital Markets, a division of Scott & Stringfellow, Inc.
Robert W. Baird & Co. Incorporated
Deutsche Bank Securities Inc.
Ferris, Baker Watts, Incorporated
J.J.B. Hilliard, W.L. Lyons, Inc.
Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc.
Oppenheimer & Co. Inc.
Raymond James & Associates, Inc.
Wells Fargo Securities, LLC
c/o Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated
4 World Financial Center
New York, New York 10080
Ladies and Gentlemen:
The Gabelli Global Deal Fund, a Delaware statutory trust (the Fund), and the Funds investment
adviser, Gabelli Funds, LLC, a New York limited liability company (the Investment Adviser),
confirm their agreement with Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith
Incorporated (Merrill Lynch), Citigroup Global Markets Inc., A.G. Edwards & Sons, Inc., Gabelli &
Company, Inc., BB&T Capital Markets, a division of Scott & Stringfellow, Inc., Robert W. Baird &
Co. Incorporated, Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Ferris, Baker Watts, Incorporated, J.J.B.
Hilliard, W.L. Lyons, Inc., Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc., Oppenheimer & Co. Inc., Raymond James &
Associates, Inc., Wells Fargo Securities, LLC and each of the other Underwriters named in Schedule
A hereto (collectively, the Underwriters, which term shall also include any underwriter
substituted as hereinafter provided in Section 10 hereof), for whom Merrill Lynch, Citigroup Global
Markets Inc., A.G. Edwards & Sons, Inc., Gabelli & Company, Inc., BB&T Capital Markets, a division
of Scott & Stringfellow, Inc., Robert W. Baird & Co. Incorporated, Deutsche Bank Securities Inc.,
Ferris, Baker Watts, Incorporated, J.J.B.
Hilliard, W.L. Lyons, Inc., Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc., Oppenheimer & Co. Inc., Raymond James &
Associates, Inc. and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC are acting as representatives (in such capacity,
the Representatives), with respect to the issue and sale by the Fund and the purchase by the
Underwriters, acting severally and not jointly, of the respective number of common shares of
beneficial interest, $0.001 par value, of the Fund (Common Shares) set forth in said
Schedule
A
, and with respect to the grant by the Fund to the Underwriters, acting severally and not
jointly, of the option described in Section 2(b) hereof to purchase all or any part of [___]
additional Common Shares to cover overallotments, if any. The aforesaid [___] Common Shares
(the Initial Securities) to be purchased by the Underwriters and all or any part of the
[___] Common Shares subject to the option described in Section 2(b) hereof (the Option
Securities) are hereinafter called, collectively, the Securities.
The Fund understands that the Underwriters propose to make a public offering of the Securities
as soon as the Representatives deem advisable after this Agreement has been executed and delivered.
The Fund has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the Commission) a
registration statement on Form N-2 (No. 333-138141 and No. 811-21969) covering the registration of
the Securities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the 1933 Act), including the related
preliminary prospectus or prospectuses, and a notification on Form N-8A of registration of the Fund
as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act), and
the rules and regulations of the Commission under the 1933 Act and the 1940 Act (the Rules and
Regulations). Promptly after execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Fund will prepare and
file a prospectus in accordance with the provisions of Rule 430A (Rule 430A) of the Rules and
Regulations and paragraph (c) or (h) of Rule 497 (Rule 497) of the Rules and Regulations. The
information included in any such prospectus that was omitted from such registration statement at
the time it became effective but that is deemed to be part of such registration statement at the
time it became effective pursuant to paragraph (b) of Rule 430A is referred to as Rule 430A
Information. Each prospectus used before such registration statement became effective, and any
prospectus that omitted the Rule 430A Information, that was used after such effectiveness and prior
to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, including in each case any statement of additional
information incorporated therein by reference, is herein called a preliminary prospectus. Such
registration statement, including the exhibits thereto and schedules thereto at the time it became
effective and including the Rule 430A Information is herein called the Registration Statement.
Any registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Rules and Regulations is herein
referred to as the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, and after such filing the term
Registration Statement shall include the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement. The final
prospectus in the form first furnished to the Underwriters for use in connection with the offering
of the Securities, including the statement of additional information incorporated therein by
reference, is herein called the Prospectus. For purposes of this Agreement, all references to
the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus or any amendment or
supplement to any of the foregoing shall be deemed to include the copy filed with the Commission
pursuant to its Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval system (EDGAR).
All references in this Agreement to financial statements and schedules and other information
which is contained, included or stated in the Registration Statement, any preliminary
prospectus or the Prospectus (or other references of like import) shall be deemed to mean and
include all such financial statements and schedules and other information which is incorporated by
reference in the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus, as the case
may be.
SECTION 1. Representations and Warranties.
(a)
Representations and Warranties by the Fund and the Investment Adviser
. The Fund and the
Investment Adviser jointly and severally represent and warrant to each Underwriter as of the date
hereof, as of the Applicable Time referred to in Section 1(a)(i) hereof, as of the Closing Time
referred to
2
in Section 2(c) hereof, and as of each Date of Delivery (if any) referred to in Section 2(b)
hereof, and agree with each Underwriter, as follows:
(i)
Compliance with Registration Requirements
. Each of the Registration
Statement and any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement has become effective under the 1933 Act
and no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any Rule
462(b) Registration Statement has been issued under the 1933 Act, or order of suspension or
revocation of registration pursuant to Section 8(e) of the 1940 Act, and no proceedings for
any such purpose have been instituted or are pending or, to the knowledge of the Fund or the
Investment Adviser, are contemplated by the Commission, and any request on the part of the
Commission for additional information with respect to the Trust has been complied with.
At the respective times the Registration Statement, any Rule 462(b) Registration
Statement and any post-effective amendments thereto became effective and at the Closing Time
(and, if any Option Securities are purchased, at the Date of Delivery), the Registration
Statement, the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, the notification on Form N-8A and any
amendments and supplements thereto complied and will comply in all material respects with
the requirements of the 1933 Act, the 1940 Act and the Rules and Regulations and did not and
will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.
Neither the Prospectus nor any amendments or supplements thereto, at the time the Prospectus
or any such amendment or supplement was issued and at the Closing Time (and, if any Option
Securities are purchased, at the Date of Delivery), included or will include an untrue
statement of a material fact or omitted or will omit to state a material fact necessary in
order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they
were made, not misleading.
As of the Applicable Time (as defined below), the Rule 482 Statement (as defined below)
issued at or prior to the Applicable Time, if any, the Statutory Prospectus (as defined
below) as of the Applicable Time and the information included on Schedule C hereto, all
considered together (collectively, the General Disclosure Package), did not include any
untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state any material fact necessary in order
to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were
made, not misleading.
As used in this subsection and elsewhere in this Agreement:
Applicable Time means [___] p.m. (Eastern time) on January 27, 2007 or such other
time as agreed by the Fund and Merrill Lynch.
Rule 482 Statement means a document that contains the number of securities issued,
the offering price and any other information, prepared in accordance with the provisions of
Rule 482 of the 1933 Act.
Statutory Prospectus as of any time means the prospectus relating to the Securities
that is included in the Registration Statement immediately prior to the Applicable Time,
including any document incorporated by reference therein.
Each preliminary prospectus and the Prospectus filed as part of the Registration
Statement as originally filed or as part of any amendment thereto, or filed pursuant to Rule
497 under the 1933 Act, complied as to form when so filed in all material respects with the
Rules and Regulations and each preliminary prospectus and the Prospectus delivered to the
Underwriters for use in connection with this offering was identical to the electronically
transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent
permitted by Regulation S-T.
3
If a Rule 462(b) Registration Statement is required in connection with the offering and
sale of the Securities, the Fund has complied or will comply with the requirements of Rule
111 under the Rules and Regulations relating to the payment of filing fees thereof.
The foregoing representations in this Section 1(a)(i) do not apply to statements or
omissions relating to the Underwriters made in reliance on and in conformity with
information furnished in writing to the Fund by the Underwriters or their agents expressly
for use in the Registration Statement, the 462(b) Registration Statement, Prospectus or
preliminary prospectus (or any amendment or supplement to any of the foregoing), or with
respect to representations of the Fund, the descriptions of the Investment Adviser (referred
to in Section (1)(b)(iii) of this Agreement) contained in the foregoing.
(ii)
Independent Accountants
. The accountants, Ernst &
Young LLP, who
have audited and certified or shall audit and certify the financial statements included or
incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (or any amendment
or supplement to either of them) are independent public accountants as required by the 1933
Act, the 1940 Act and the Rules and Regulations.
(iii)
Financial Statements
. The financial statements, together with related
schedules and notes, included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement,
the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (and any amendment or supplement to either
of them), present fairly the financial position, results of operations and changes in
financial position of the Fund on the basis stated or incorporated by reference in the
Registration Statement and the Prospectus at the respective dates or for the respective
periods to which they apply; such statements and related schedules and notes have been
prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied
throughout the periods involved, except as disclosed therein; and the other financial
information and data included in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (and any
amendment or supplement to either of them) are accurately presented and prepared on a basis
consistent with such financial statements and the books and records of the Fund.
(iv)
Expense Summary
. The information set forth in the Prospectus in the Fee
Table has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of Form N-2 and to the extent
estimated or projected, such estimates or projections are reasonably believed to be
attainable and reasonably based.
(v)
No Material Adverse Change
. Except as disclosed in the Registration
Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (and any amendment or
supplement to either of them), subsequent to the respective dates as of which such
information is given in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (and any amendment or
supplement to either of them), the Fund has not incurred any liability or obligation, direct
or contingent, or entered into any transaction, not in the ordinary course of business, that
is material to the Fund, and there has not been any change in the capital stock, or any
dividend or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made by the Fund on any class of its
capital shares, or material increase in the short term debt or long term debt, of the Fund,
or any material adverse change, or any development involving or which may reasonably be
expected to involve, a prospective material adverse change, in the condition (financial or
other), business, prospects, properties, net assets or results of operations of the Fund,
whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business (Material Adverse Effect).
(vi)
Good Standing of the Fund
. The Fund is a statutory trust duly organized
and validly existing in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware, with full
trust power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its
business as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (and any amendment or
supplement to either of
4
them) and to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement, and is duly
registered and qualified as a foreign statutory trust to conduct its business and is in good
standing in each jurisdiction or place where the nature of its properties or the conduct of
its business requires such registration or qualification, except where the failure so to
register or qualify does not have a Material Adverse Effect on the condition (financial or
other), business, prospects, properties, net assets or results of operations of the Fund.
(vii)
No Subsidiaries
. The Fund has no subsidiaries.
(viii)
Investment Company Status
. The Fund is duly registered under the 1940
Act as a closed-end non-diversified management investment company and the 1940 Act
notification has been duly filed with the Commission and, at the time of filing thereof and
any amendment or supplement thereto, conformed in all material respects with all applicable
provisions of the 1940 Act and the Rules and Regulations, and no order of suspension or
revocation of such registration has been issued or proceedings therefore initiated or
threatened by the Commission. The Fund is, and at all times through the completion of the
transactions contemplated hereby, will be, in compliance in all material respects with the
terms and conditions of the 1933 Act and the 1940 Act.
(ix)
Officers and Trustees
. To the best knowledge of each of the Fund and the
Investment Adviser, no person is serving as an officer, trustee or investment adviser of the
Fund except in accordance with the 1940 Act and the 1940 Act Rules and Regulations and the
Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the Advisers Act), and the rules and
regulations of the Commission promulgated under the Advisers Act (the Advisers Act Rules
and Regulations). Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (or
any amendment or supplement to either of them), no trustee of the Fund is an interested
person (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund or an affiliated person (as defined in
the 1940 Act) of any Underwriter. No person is serving or acting as an officer, trustee or
investment adviser of the Fund except in accordance with the provisions of the 1940 Act and
the 1940 Act Rules and Regulations and the Advisers Act and the Advisers Act Rules and
Regulations.
(x)
Capitalization and Authorization of Securities
. The authorized, issued and
outstanding shares of beneficial interest of the Fund is as set forth in the Prospectus.
All the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Fund have been duly authorized
and validly issued, are fully paid and nonassessable and are free of any preemptive or
similar rights; the Common Shares have been duly authorized and, when issued and delivered
to the Underwriters against payment therefor in accordance with the terms hereof, will be
validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free of any preemptive or similar rights
and will conform to the description thereof in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus
(and any amendment or supplement to either of them). No holder of the Securities will be
subject to personal liability by reason of being such a holder. The capital stock of the
Fund conforms to the description thereof in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus
(and any amendment or supplement to either of them).
(xi)
Compliance With Governing Documents and Law
. The Fund is not in violation
of its Agreement and Declaration of Trust or by-laws, or other organizational documents, or
of any law, ordinance, administrative or governmental rule or regulation applicable to the
Fund or of any decree of the Commission, the NASD, any state securities commission, any
national securities exchange, any arbitrator, any court or governmental agency, body or
official having jurisdiction over the Fund, or in default in any material respect in the
performance of any obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained in any contract,
indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, bond, debenture, note or any other evidence of
indebtedness or in any contract required to be included as an exhibit to the Registration
Statement (each, a Material Fund Agreement);
5
and the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, the Investment Advisory
Agreement, the Administration Agreement, the Custodian Agreement and the Transfer Agency and
Service Agreement referred to in the Registration Statement (as used herein, the Investment
Advisory Agreement, the Administration Agreement, the Custodian Agreement and the
Transfer Agency Agreement, respectively) and the consummation of the transactions
contemplated herein and in the Registration Statement (including the issuance and sale of
the Securities and the use of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities as described in
the Prospectus under the caption Use of Proceeds) and compliance by the Fund with its
obligations hereunder have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action and do not
and will not, whether with or without the giving of notice or passage of time or both,
conflict with or constitute a breach of, or default or Repayment Event (as defined below)
under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any
property or assets of the Fund pursuant to, such agreements (except for such conflicts,
breaches or defaults or liens, charges or encumbrances that would not result in a Material
Adverse Effect), nor will such action result in any violation of the provisions of the
agreement and declaration of trust or by-laws of the Fund, each as amended from time to
time, or any applicable law, statute, rule, regulation, judgment, order, writ or decree of
any government, government instrumentality or court, domestic or foreign, having
jurisdiction over the Fund or any of its assets, properties or operations. As used herein,
a Repayment Event means any event or condition which gives the holder of any note,
debenture or other evidence of indebtedness (or any person acting on such holders behalf)
the right to require the repurchase, redemption or repayment of all or a portion of such
indebtedness by the Fund.
(xii)
Absence of Proceedings
. There are no inquiries, investigations or legal
or governmental proceedings pending or threatened, against the Fund, or to which the Fund or
any of its properties is subject, that are required to be described in the Registration
Statement or the Prospectus (and any amendment or supplement to either of them) but are not
described as required, and there are no agreements, contracts, indentures, leases or other
instruments that are required to be described in the Registration Statement or the
Prospectus (and any amendment or supplement to either of them) or to be filed as an exhibit
to the Registration Statement that are not described or filed as required by the 1933 Act,
the 1940 Act or the Rules and Regulations.
(xiii)
Possession of Intellectual Property
. The conduct by the Fund of its
business (as described in the Prospectus) does not require it to be the owner, possessor or
licensee of any patents, patent licenses, trademarks, service marks or trade names which it
does not own, possess or license (Intellectual Property), and the Fund has not received
any notice or is not otherwise aware of any infringement of or conflict with asserted rights
of others with respect to any Intellectual Property or of any facts or circumstances which
would render any Intellectual Property invalid or inadequate to protect the interest of the
Fund therein, and which infringement or conflict (if the subject of any unfavorable
decision, ruling or finding) or invalidity or inadequacy, singly or in the aggregate, would
result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(xiv)
Absence of Further Requirements
. Neither the issuance and sale of the
Common Shares, the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement or any of the
Investment Advisory Agreement, the Custodian Agreement and the Transfer Agency Agreement
(the Fund Agreements) by the Fund, nor the consummation by the Fund of the transactions
contemplated hereby or thereby (A) requires any consent, approval, authorization or other
order of or registration or filing with, the Commission, the NASD, any state securities
commission, any national securities exchange, any arbitrator, any court, regulatory body,
administrative agency or other governmental body, agency or official (except such as may
have been obtained prior to the date hereof and such as may be required for compliance with
the state securities or blue sky laws of various jurisdictions which have been or will be
effected in accordance with this Agreement)
6
or conflicts or will conflict with or constitutes or will constitute a breach of, or a
default under, the Agreement and Declaration of Trust, including the Statement of
Preferences, or by-laws, or other organizational documents, of the Fund or (B) conflicts or
will conflict with or constitutes or will constitute a breach of, or a default under, any
agreement, indenture, lease or other instrument to which the Fund is a party or by which it
or any of its properties may be bound, or violates or will violate any statute, law,
regulation or filing or judgment, injunction, order or decree applicable to the Fund or any
of its properties, or will result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or
encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Fund pursuant to the terms of any agreement
or instrument to which it is a party or by which it may be bound or to which any of its
property or assets is subject. The Fund is not subject to any order of any court or of any
arbitrator, governmental authority or administrative agency.
(xv)
Advertisements
. All advertising, sales literature or other promotional
material (including prospectus wrappers, broker kits, road show slides, road show
scripts and electronic road show presentations), whether in printed or electronic form,
authorized in writing by or prepared by the Fund or the Investment Adviser for use in
connection with the offering and sale of the Common Shares (collectively, sales material)
complied and comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the 1933
Act, the 1940 Act, the Rules and Regulations and the rules and interpretations of the NASD
and no such sales material contained or contains an untrue statement of a material fact or
omitted or omits to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make
the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not
misleading.
(xvi)
Subchapter M
. At all times since its inception, the Fund has complied
with the requirements of Subchapter M and intends to qualify as a regulated investment
company under the Code.
(xvii)
Distribution of Offering Materials
. The Fund has not distributed and,
prior to the later to occur of (A) the Closing Date and (B) completion of the distribution
of the Common Shares, will not distribute any offering material in connection with the
offering and sale of the Common Shares other than the Registration Statement, any
preliminary prospectus, the Prospectus, the Statutory Prospectus, the General Disclosure
Package, the Rule 482 Statement, if any, or other materials, if any, permitted by the 1933
Act, the 1940 Act or the Rules and Regulations.
(xviii)
Accounting Controls
. The Fund maintains and will maintain a system of
internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurances that (A)
transactions are executed in accordance with managements general or specific authorization
and with the investment policies and restrictions of the Fund and with the applicable
requirements of the 1940 Act, the 1940 Act Rules and Regulations and the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, as amended (the Code); (B) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit
preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles, to calculate net asset value, and to maintain accountability for assets and to
maintain compliance with the books and records requirements under the 1940 Act and the 1940
Act Rules and Regulations; (C) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with
managements general or specific authorization; and (D) the recorded accountability for
assets is compared with existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is
taken with respect to any differences.
(xix)
Absence of Undisclosed Payments
. To the Funds knowledge, except as
disclosed in the Prospectus, neither the Fund nor any employee or agent of the Fund has made
any payment of funds of the Fund or received or retained any funds, which payment, receipt
or retention of funds is of a character required to be disclosed in the Prospectus.
7
(xx)
Material Agreements
. The execution and delivery of, and the performance
by the Fund of its obligations under, this Agreement and the Fund Agreements have been duly
and validly authorized by the Fund, and this Agreement and the Fund Agreements have been
duly executed and delivered by the Fund and constitute the valid and legally binding
agreements of the Fund, enforceable against the Fund in accordance with their terms, except
as rights to indemnity and contribution hereunder and thereunder may be limited by federal
or state securities laws. Each of the Fund Agreements and the Funds and the Investment
Advisers obligations under this Agreement and each of the Fund Agreements comply in all
material respects with all applicable provisions of the 1940 Act, the 1940 Act Rules and
Regulations, the Advisers Act the Advisers Act Rules and Regulations.
(xxi)
Registration Rights
. No holder of any security of the Fund has any right
to require registration of any shares of capital stock or any other security of the Fund
because of the filing of the Registration Statement or consummation of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement.
(xxii)
New York Stock Exchange Listing
. The Securities have been duly
authorized for listing, upon notice of issuance, on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and
the Funds registration statement on Form 8-A under the 1934 Act been filed.
(xxiii)
Taxes
. The Fund has filed all tax returns required to be filed, which
returns are complete and correct, and the Fund is not in material default in the payment of
any taxes which were payable pursuant to said returns or any assessments with respect
thereto.
(xxiv)
Market Stabilization Activities
. Except as stated in this Agreement and
in the Prospectus (and any amendment or supplement thereto), the Fund has not taken, nor
will it take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or which might reasonably be
expected to cause or result in stabilization or manipulation of the price of any securities
issued by the Fund to facilitate the sale or resale of the Common Shares, and the Fund is
not aware of any such action taken or to be taken by any affiliates of the Fund.
(b)
Representations and Warranties by the Investment Adviser
. The Investment Adviser
represents and warrants to each Underwriter as of the date hereof, the Applicable Time, as of the
Closing Time referred to in Section 2(c) hereof, and as of each Date of Delivery (if any) referred
to in Section 2(b) hereof as follows:
(i)
Good Standing of the Investment Adviser
. The Investment Adviser is a
limited liability company duly organized and validly existing in good standing under the
laws of the State of New York, with full limited liability company power and authority to
own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the
Registration Statement and the Prospectus (and any amendment or supplement to either of
them), and is duly registered and qualified to conduct its business and is in good standing
in each jurisdiction or place where the nature of its properties or the conduct of its
business requires such registration or qualification, except where the failure so to
register or to qualify does not have a material adverse effect on the condition (financial
or other), business, prospects, properties, net assets or results of operations of the
Investment Adviser and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or on the ability of the
Investment Adviser to perform its obligations under this Agreement and the Investment
Advisory Agreement.
(ii)
Investment Adviser Status
. The Investment Adviser is duly registered with
the Commission as an investment adviser under the Advisers Act and is not prohibited by the
Advisers Act, the Advisers Act Rules and Regulations, the 1940 Act or the 1940 Act Rules and
Regulations from acting under the Investment Advisory Agreement for the Fund as contemplated
by the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto). There does not exist any
8
proceeding or any facts or circumstances the existence of which could lead to any
proceeding which might adversely affect the registration of the Investment Adviser with the
Commission.
(iii)
Description of the Investment Adviser
. The description of the Investment
Adviser in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (and any amendment or supplement
thereto) complied and comply in all material respects with the provisions the 1933 Act, the
1940 Act, the Advisers Act, the Rules and Regulations and the Advisers Act Rules and
Regulations and did not and will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit
to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements
therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
(iv)
Capitalization
. The Investment Adviser has the financial resources
available to it necessary for the performance of its services and obligations as
contemplated in the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto), the General
Disclosure Package and under this Agreement and the Investment Advisory Agreement.
(v)
Authorization
. The execution and delivery of, and the performance by the
Investment Adviser of its obligations under, this Agreement, the Investment Advisory
Agreement, and the Additional Compensation Agreements have been duly and validly authorized
by the Investment Adviser, and this Agreement and the Investment Advisory Agreement have
been duly executed and delivered by the Investment Adviser and each constitutes the valid
and legally binding agreement of the Investment Adviser, enforceable against the Investment
Adviser in accordance with its terms except as rights to indemnity and contribution
hereunder may be limited by federal or state securities laws.
(vi)
Absence of Proceedings
. There are no legal or governmental proceedings
pending or, to the knowledge of the Investment Adviser, threatened against the Investment
Adviser, or to which the Investment Adviser or any of its properties is subject, that are
required to be described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus (or any amendment
or supplement to either of them) but are not described as required or that may reasonably be
expected to involve a prospective material adverse change, in the condition (financial or
other), business, prospects, properties, net assets or results of operations of the
Investment Adviser and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or on the ability of the
Investment Adviser to perform its obligations under this Agreement and the Investment
Advisory Agreement.
(vii)
Absence of Violation or Default
. The Investment Adviser is not in
violation of its articles of organization, by-laws or other organizational documents or in
default under any agreement, indenture or instrument, where such violation or default would
reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the ability of the Investment
Adviser to function as an investment adviser or perform its obligations under the Investment
Advisory Agreement.
(viii)
Absence of Required Approvals and Conflicts
. Neither the execution,
delivery or performance of this Agreement or the Investment Advisory Agreement by the
Investment Adviser, nor the consummation by the Investment Adviser of the transactions
contemplated hereby or thereby (A) requires the Investment Adviser to obtain any consent,
approval, authorization or other order of or registration or filing with, the Commission,
the NASD, any state securities commission, any national securities exchange, any arbitrator,
any court, regulatory body, administrative agency or other governmental body, agency or
official or conflicts or will conflict with or constitutes or will constitute a breach of or
a default under the operating agreement or by-laws, or other organizational documents of the
Investment Adviser or (B) conflicts or will conflict with or constitutes or will constitute
a breach of or a default under, any agreement, indenture, lease or other instrument to which
the Investment Adviser is a party or by which it or any of its properties may be bound, or
violates or will violate any statute, law,
9
regulation or filing or judgment, injunction, order or decree applicable to the
Investment Adviser or any of its properties or will result in the creation or imposition of
any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Investment Adviser
pursuant to the terms of any agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it
may be bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Investment Adviser is subject.
The Investment Adviser is not subject to any order of any court or of any arbitrator,
governmental authority or administrative agency except for (1) an Order of the Securities
and Exchange Commission, dated August 17, 1988 and (2) an Order of the Federal
Communications Commission, dated August 21, 1992.
(ix)
Absence of Undisclosed Liabilities
. Except as disclosed in the
Registration Statement and the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement to either of
them), subsequent to the respective dates as of which such information is given in the
Registration Statement and the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement to either of
them), the Investment Adviser has not incurred any liability or obligation, direct or
contingent, or entered into any transaction, not in the ordinary course of business, that is
material to the Investment Adviser and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, and that is
required to be disclosed in the Registration Statement or in the Prospectus and there has
not been any material adverse change, or any development involving or which may reasonably
be expected to involve, a prospective material adverse change, in the condition (financial
or other), business, prospects, properties, net assets or results of operations of the
Investment Adviser and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, whether or not arising in the
ordinary course of business, or which, in each case, may reasonably be expected to have a
material adverse effect on the ability of the Investment Adviser to perform its obligations
under this Agreement and the Investment Advisory Agreement.
(x)
Permits and Licenses
. The Investment Adviser has such permits, licenses,
franchises and authorizations of governmental or regulatory authorities (permits) as are
necessary to own its properties and to conduct its business in the manner described in the
Prospectus (and any amendment or supplement thereto); the Investment Adviser has fulfilled
and performed all its material obligations with respect to such permits and no event has
occurred which allows, or after notice or lapse of time would allow, revocation or
termination thereof or results in any other material impairment of the rights of the
Investment Adviser under any such permit; and, except as described in the Prospectus (and
any amendment or supplement thereto), none of such permits contains any restriction that is
materially burdensome to the Investment Adviser.
(xi)
Market Stabilization Activities
. Except as stated in this Agreement and
in the Prospectus (and in any amendment or supplement thereto), the Investment Adviser has
not taken, nor will it take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or which might
reasonably be expected to cause or result in, stabilization or manipulation of the price of
any securities issued by the Fund to facilitate the sale or resale of the Common Shares, and
the Investment Adviser is not aware of any such action taken or to be taken by any
affiliates of the Investment Adviser; it being understood that the Underwriters include
certain affiliates of the Investment Adviser and that stabilization or other activity by you
shall not be deemed to be violative of this representation.
(xii)
No Material Adverse Change
. Since the respective dates as of which
information is given in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, except as otherwise
stated therein, there has not occurred any event which should reasonably be expected to have
a material adverse effect on the ability of the Investment Adviser to perform its
obligations under this Agreement and the Investment Advisory Agreement to which it is a
party.
(xiii)
Key Personnel
. Mario J. Gabelli is the validly appointed Chief
Investment Officer of the Investment Adviser and the lead portfolio manager of the Fund; Mr.
Gabelli has not given notice nor made known an intention to give notice of termination of
his employment and
10
the Investment Adviser knows of no reason why Mr. Gabelli should be unable to serve as
lead portfolio manager to the Fund.
(xiv)
Control of Electronic Information
. In the event that the Fund or the
Investment Adviser makes available any promotional materials intended for use only by
qualified broker dealers and registered representatives thereof by means of a proprietary
Internet web site administered by such party or similar electronic means, the Fund or the
Investment Adviser will install and maintain pre-qualification and password protection or
similar procedures which are reasonably designed to restrict access to such promotional
materials by persons other than qualified broker dealers and representatives thereof.
SECTION 2. Sale and Delivery to Underwriters; Closing.
(a)
Initial Securities
. On the basis of the representations and warranties herein contained
and subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Fund agrees to sell to each
Underwriter, severally and not jointly, and each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, agrees to
purchase from the Fund, at the price per share set forth in
Schedule B
, the number of
Initial Securities set forth in
Schedule A
opposite the name of such Underwriter, plus any
additional number of Initial Securities which such Underwriter may become obligated to purchase
pursuant to the provisions of Section 10 hereof.
(b)
Option Securities
. In addition, on the basis of the representations and warranties herein
contained and subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Fund hereby grants an
option to the Underwriters, severally and not jointly, to purchase up to an additional [___]
Common Shares in the aggregate at the price per share set forth in
Schedule B
, less an
amount per share equal to any dividends or distributions declared by the Fund and payable on the
Initial Securities but not payable on the Option Securities. The option hereby granted will expire
45 days after the date hereof and may be exercised in whole or in part from time to time only for
the purpose of covering overallotments which may be made in connection with the offering and
distribution of the Initial Securities upon written notice by the Representatives to the Fund
setting forth the number of Option Securities as to which the several Underwriters are then
exercising the option and the time and date of payment and delivery for such Option Securities. Any
such time and date of delivery (a Date of Delivery) shall be determined by the Representatives,
but shall not be earlier than the third day after the date on which the option is being exercised
nor later than seven full business days after the exercise of said option, nor in any event prior
to the Closing Time, as hereinafter defined. If the option is exercised as to all or any portion
of the Option Securities, each of the Underwriters, acting severally and not jointly, will purchase
that proportion of the total number of Option Securities then being purchased which the number of
Initial Securities set forth in
Schedule A
opposite the name of such Underwriter bears to
the total number of Initial Securities, subject in each case to such adjustments as Merrill Lynch
in its discretion shall make to eliminate any sales or purchases of a fractional number of Option
Securities.
(c)
Payment
. Payment of the purchase price for, and delivery of certificates for, the Initial
Securities shall be made at the offices of Clifford Chance US LLP, 31 West 52
nd
Street,
New York, New York 10019, or at such other place as shall be agreed upon by the Representatives and
the Fund, at 10:00 A.M. (Eastern time) on the third (fourth, if the pricing occurs after 4:30 P.M.
(Eastern time) on any given day) business day after the date hereof (unless postponed in accordance
with the provisions of Section 10), or such other time not later than ten business days after such
date as shall be agreed upon by the Representatives and the Fund (such time and date of payment and
delivery being herein called Closing Time).
In addition, in the event that any or all of the Option Securities are purchased by the
Underwriters, payment of the purchase price for, and delivery of certificates for, such Option
Securities shall be made at the above-mentioned offices, or at such other place as shall be agreed
upon by the
11
Representatives and the Fund, on each Date of Delivery as specified in the notice from the
Representatives to the Fund.
Payment shall be made to the Fund by wire transfer of immediately available funds to a bank
account designated by the Fund, against delivery to the Representatives for the respective accounts
of the Underwriters of certificates for the Securities to be purchased by them. It is understood
that each Underwriter has authorized the Representatives, for its account, to accept delivery of,
receipt for, and make payment of the purchase price for, the Initial Securities and the Option
Securities, if any, which it has agreed to purchase. Merrill Lynch, individually and not as
representative of the Underwriters, may (but shall not be obligated to) make payment of the
purchase price for the Initial Securities or the Option Securities, if any, to be purchased by any
Underwriter whose funds have not been received by the Closing Time or the relevant Date of
Delivery, as the case may be, but such payment shall not relieve such Underwriter from its
obligations hereunder.
(d)
Denominations; Registration
. Certificates for the Initial Securities and the Option
Securities, if any, shall be in such denominations and registered in such names as the
Representatives may request in writing at least one full business day before the Closing Time or
the relevant Date of Delivery, as the case may be. The certificates for the Initial Securities and
the Option Securities, if any, will be made available for examination and packaging by the
Representatives in the City of New York not later than 10:00 A.M. (Eastern time) on the business
day prior to the Closing Time or the relevant Date of Delivery, as the case may be.
SECTION 3. Covenants.
The Fund and the Investment Adviser, jointly and severally, covenant with each Underwriter as
follows:
(i)
Compliance with Securities Regulations and Commission Requests
. The Fund,
subject to Section 3(a)(ii), will comply with the requirements of Rule 430A or Rule 434, as
applicable, and will notify the Representatives immediately, and confirm the notice in
writing, (i) when any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement shall become
effective, or any supplement to the Prospectus or any amended Prospectus shall have been
filed, (ii) of the receipt of any comments from the Commission, (iii) of any request by the
Commission for any amendment to the Registration Statement or any amendment or supplement to
the Prospectus or for additional information, and (iv) of the issuance by the Commission of
any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or of any order
preventing or suspending the use of any preliminary prospectus, or of the suspension of the
qualification of the Securities for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or of the
initiation or threatening of any proceedings for any of such purposes or of any examination
pursuant to Section 8(e) of the 1933 Act concerning the Registration Statement and (v) if
the Fund becomes the subject of a proceeding under Section 8A of the 1933 Act in connection
with the offering of the Securities. The Fund will promptly effect the filings necessary
pursuant to Rule 497 and will take such steps as it deems necessary to ascertain promptly
whether the form of prospectus transmitted for filing under Rule 497 was received for filing
by the Commission and, in the event that it was not, it will promptly file such prospectus.
The Fund will make every reasonable effort to prevent the issuance of any stop order, or
order of suspension or revocation of registration pursuant to Section 8(e) of the 1940 Act,
and, if any such stop order or order of suspension or revocation of registration is issued,
to obtain the lifting thereof at the earliest possible moment.
(ii)
Filing of Amendments
. The Fund will give the Representatives notice of
its intention to file or prepare any amendment to the Registration Statement (including any
filing under Rule 462(b)), any Term Sheet or any amendment, supplement or revision to either
the prospectus included in the Registration Statement at the time it became effective or to
the
12
Prospectus, will furnish the Representatives with copies of any such documents a
reasonable amount of time prior to such proposed filing or use, as the case may be, and will
not file or use any such document to which the Representatives or counsel for the
Underwriters shall object.
(iii)
Delivery of Registration Statements
. The Fund has furnished or will
deliver to the Representatives, without charge, a signed copy of the Registration Statement
as originally filed and of each amendment thereto (including exhibits filed therewith or
incorporated by reference therein) and a signed copy of all consents and certificates of
experts, and will also deliver to the Representatives, without charge, a conformed copy of
the Registration Statement as originally filed and of each amendment thereto (without
exhibits) for each of the Underwriters. The copies of the Registration Statement and each
amendment thereto furnished to the Underwriters will be identical to the electronically
transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent
permitted by Regulation S-T.
(iv)
Delivery of Prospectuses
. The Fund has delivered to each Underwriter,
without charge, as many copies of each preliminary prospectus as such Underwriter reasonably
requested, and the Fund hereby consents to the use of such copies for purposes permitted by
the 1933 Act. The Fund will furnish to each Underwriter, without charge, during the period
when the Prospectus is required to be delivered under the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act, such
number of copies of the Prospectus (as amended or supplemented) as such Underwriter may
reasonably request. The Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto furnished to
the Underwriters will be identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed
with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T.
(v)
Continued Compliance with Securities Laws
. If at any time when a
prospectus is required by the 1933 Act to be delivered in connection with sales of the
Securities, any event shall occur or condition shall exist as a result of which it is
necessary, in the opinion of counsel for the Underwriters or for the Fund, to amend the
Registration Statement or amend or supplement the Prospectus in order that the Prospectus
will not include any untrue statements of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading in the light of the
circumstances existing at the time it is delivered to a purchaser, or if it shall be
necessary, in the opinion of such counsel, at any such time to amend the Registration
Statement or amend or supplement the Prospectus in order to comply with the requirements of
the 1933 Act or the Rules and Regulations, the Fund will promptly prepare and file with the
Commission, subject to Section 3(a)(ii), such amendment or supplement as may be necessary to
correct such statement or omission or to make the Registration Statement or the Prospectus
comply with such requirements, and the Fund will furnish to the Underwriters such number of
copies of such amendment or supplement as the Underwriters may reasonably request. If at
any time following issuance of a Rule 482 Statement, there occurred or occurs an event or
development as a result of which such Rule 482 Statement included or would include an untrue
statement of a material fact or omitted or would omit to state a material fact necessary in
order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances, prevailing at that
subsequent time, not misleading, the Fund will promptly notify Merrill Lynch and will
promptly amend or supplement, at its own expense, such Rule 482 Statement to eliminate or
correct such conflict.
(vi)
Blue Sky Qualifications
. The Fund will use its best efforts, in
cooperation with the Underwriters, to qualify the Securities for offering and sale under the
applicable securities laws of such states and other jurisdictions of the United States as
the Representatives may designate and to maintain such qualifications in effect for a period
of not less than one year from the later of the effective date of the Registration Statement
and any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement; provided, however, that the Fund shall not be
obligated to file any general consent to service of process or to qualify as a foreign
corporation or as a dealer in securities in any
13
jurisdiction in which it is not so qualified or to subject itself to taxation in
respect of doing business in any jurisdiction in which it is not otherwise so subject. In
each jurisdiction in which the Securities have been so qualified, the Fund will file such
statements and reports as may be required by the laws of such jurisdiction to continue such
qualification in effect for a period of not less than one year from the effective date of
the Registration Statement and any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement.
(vii)
Rule 158
. The Fund will timely file such reports pursuant to the 1934
Act as are necessary in order to make generally available to its securityholders as soon as
practicable an earnings statement for the purposes of, and to provide the benefits
contemplated by, the last paragraph of Section 11(a) of the 1933 Act.
(viii)
Use of Proceeds
. The Fund will use the net proceeds received by it from
the sale of the Securities in the manner specified in the Prospectus under Use of
Proceeds.
(ix)
Listing
. The Fund will use its reasonable best efforts to cause the
Securities to be duly authorized for listing by the NYSE, prior to the date the Securities
are issued.
(x)
Restriction on Sale of Securities
. During a period of 180 days from the
date of the Prospectus, the Fund will not, without the prior written consent of Merrill
Lynch, (A) directly or indirectly, offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option,
rights or warrant to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option,
right or warrant to purchase or otherwise transfer or dispose of Common Shares or any
securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Shares or file any
registration statement under the 1933 Act with respect to any of the foregoing or (B) enter
into any swap or any other agreement or any transaction that transfers, in whole or in part,
directly or indirectly, the economic consequence of ownership of the Common Shares, whether
any such swap or transaction described in clause (A) or (B) above is to be settled by
delivery of Common Shares or such other securities, in cash or otherwise. The foregoing
sentence shall not apply to (1) the Securities to be sold hereunder or (2) Common Shares
issued pursuant to any dividend reinvestment plan.
(xi)
Reporting Requirements
. The Fund, during the period when the Prospectus
is required to be delivered under the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act, will file all documents
required to be filed with the Commission pursuant to the 1940 Act and the 1934 Act within
the time periods required by the 1940 Act and the Rules and Regulations and the 1934 Act and
the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, respectively.
(xii)
Subchapter M
. The Fund will comply with the requirements of Subchapter M
of the Code to qualify as a regulated investment company under the Code.
(xiii)
No Manipulation of Market for Securities
. The Fund will not (a) take,
directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in, or that might
reasonably be expected to constitute, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any
security of the Fund to facilitate the sale or resale of the Securities, and (b) until the
Closing Date, or the Date of Delivery, if any, (i) sell, bid for or purchase the Securities
or pay any person any compensation for soliciting purchases of the Securities or (ii) pay or
agree to pay to any person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other
securities of the Fund .
(xiv)
Rule 462(b) Registration Statement
. If the Fund elects to rely upon Rule
462(b), the Fund shall file a Rule 462(b) Registration Statement with the Commission in
compliance with Rule 462(b) by 10:00 P.M., Washington, D.C. time, on the date of this
Agreement, and the Fund shall at the time of filing either pay to the Commission the filing
fee for the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement or give irrevocable instructions for the
payment of such fee pursuant to Rule 111(b) under the 1933 Act.
14
SECTION 4. Payment of Expenses.
(a)
Expenses
. The Fund will pay all expenses incident to the performance of its obligations
under this Agreement, including (i) the preparation, printing and filing of the Registration
Statement (including financial statements and exhibits) as originally filed and of each amendment
thereto, (ii) the preparation, printing and delivery to the Underwriters of this Agreement, any
Agreement among Underwriters and such other documents as may be required in connection with the
offering, purchase, sale, issuance or delivery of the Securities, (iii) the preparation, issuance
and delivery of the certificates for the Securities to the Underwriters, including any stock or
other transfer taxes and any stamp or other duties payable upon the sale, issuance or delivery of
the Securities to the Underwriters, (iv) the fees and disbursements of the Funds counsel,
accountants and other advisors, (v) the qualification of the Securities under securities laws in
accordance with the provisions of Section 3(a)(vi) hereof, including filing fees and the reasonable
fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters in connection therewith and in connection
with the preparation of the Blue Sky survey and any supplement thereto, (vi) the printing and
delivery to the Underwriters of copies of each preliminary prospectus, Rule 482 Statement, if any,
Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto, (vii) the preparation, printing and delivery
to the Underwriters of copies of the Blue Sky Survey and any supplement thereto, (viii) the fees
and expenses of any transfer agent or registrar for the Securities, (ix) the filing fees incident
to, and the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel to the Underwriters in connection with,
the review by the NASD of the terms of the sale of the Securities, (x) the fees and expenses
incurred in connection with the listing of the Securities on the NYSE and (xi) the printing of any
sales material. Also, the Fund shall pay the Underwriters $.0067 per common share as partial
reimbursement of expenses incurred in connection with the offering. The amount paid by the Fund as
this partial reimbursement to the Underwriters will not exceed .0335% of the total price to the
public of the common stock sold in this offering. The Funds Investment Adviser has agreed to pay
the Funds offering and organizational costs (other than sales load) that exceed $.04 per share of
common stock.
(b)
Termination of Agreement
. If this Agreement is terminated by the Representatives in
accordance with the provisions of Section 5 or Section 9(a) hereof, the Fund and the Investment
Adviser, jointly and severally, agree that they shall reimburse the Underwriters for all of their
out-of-pocket expenses incurred, including the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the
Underwriters.
SECTION 5. Conditions of Underwriters Obligations.
The obligations of the several Underwriters hereunder are subject to the accuracy of the
representations and warranties of the Fund and the Investment Adviser contained in Section 1 hereof
or in certificates of any officer of the Fund or the Investment Adviser delivered pursuant to the
provisions hereof, to the performance by the Fund and the Investment Adviser of their respective
covenants and other obligations hereunder, and to the following further conditions:
(a)
Effectiveness of Registration Statement
. The Registration Statement, including any Rule
462(b) Registration Statement, has become effective or will have become effective by 5:30 p.m., New
York City time on the date hereof, and at Closing Time no stop order suspending the effectiveness
of the Registration Statement shall have been issued under the 1933 Act, no notice or order
pursuant to Section 8(e) of the 1940 Act shall have been issued, and no proceedings with respect to
either shall have been initiated or, to the knowledge of counsel to the Underwriters and counsel to
the Fund, threatened by the Commission, and any request on the part of the Commission for
additional information shall have been complied with or waived to the reasonable satisfaction of
counsel to the Underwriters. A prospectus containing the Rule 430A Information shall have been
filed with the Commission in accordance with Rule 497 (or a post-effective amendment providing such
information shall have been filed and declared effective in accordance with the requirements of
Rule 430A or a certificate must have been filed in accordance with Rule 497(j)).
15
(b)
Opinion of Counsel for Fund and the Investment Adviser
. At Closing Time, the
Representatives shall have received the favorable opinion, dated as of Closing Time, of counsel for
the Fund and the Investment Adviser, and James McKee, counsel for the Fund, in form and substance
satisfactory to counsel for the Underwriters, together with signed or reproduced copies of such
letter for each of the other Underwriters substantially to the effect set forth in
Exhibit
A
hereto and to such further effect as counsel to the Underwriters may reasonably request.
(c)
Opinion of Counsel for Underwriters
. At Closing Time, the Representatives shall have
received the favorable opinion, dated as of Closing Time, of Clifford Chance US LLP, counsel for
the Underwriters, together with signed or reproduced copies of such letter for each of the other
Underwriters with respect to the matters set forth in
Exhibit B
hereto. In giving such
opinion such counsel may rely, as to all matters governed by the laws of jurisdictions other than
the law of the State of New York and the federal law of the United States, upon the opinions of
counsel satisfactory to the Representatives. Such counsel may also state that, insofar as such
opinion involves factual matters, they have relied, to the extent they deem proper, upon
certificates of officers of the Fund and certificates of public officials.
(d)
Officers Certificates
. At Closing Time, there shall not have been, since the date hereof
or since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Prospectus, any material
adverse change in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business affairs or
business prospects of the Fund, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business, and the
Representatives shall have received a certificate of a duly authorized officer of the Fund and of
the chief financial or chief accounting officer of the Fund and of the President or a Vice
President or Managing Director of the Investment Adviser, dated as of Closing Time, to the effect
that (i) there has been no such material adverse change, (ii) the representations and warranties in
Sections 1(a) and (b) hereof, as applicable, are true and correct with the same force and effect as
though expressly made at and as of Closing Time, (iii) each of the Fund and the Investment Adviser,
respectively, has complied with all agreements and satisfied all conditions on its part to be
performed or satisfied pursuant to this Agreement at or prior to Closing Time, (iv) with respect to
the Investment Adviser only, there has been no material adverse change in the condition, financial
or otherwise, or in the earnings, business affairs or business prospects, whether or not arising in
the ordinary course of business and (v) with respect to the Fund only, no stop order suspending the
effectiveness of the Registration Statement, or order of suspension or revocation of registration
pursuant to Section 8(e) of the 1940 Act, has been issued and no proceedings for any such purpose
have been instituted or are pending or are contemplated by the Commission.
(e)
Accountants Comfort Letter
. At the time of the execution of this Agreement, the
Representatives shall have received from Ernst & Young LLP a letter dated such date, in
form and substance satisfactory to the Representatives, together with signed or reproduced copies
of such letter for each of the other Underwriters containing statements and information of the
type ordinarily included in accountants comfort letters to underwriters with respect to the
financial statements and certain financial information contained in the Registration Statement and
the Prospectus.
(i) They are independent certified public accountants with respect to the Fund within
the meaning of the 1933 Act and 1940 Act, and the applicable rules and regulations
thereunder adopted by the Commission;
(ii) In their opinion, the financial statements of the Fund audited by them and
included in the Registration Statement comply as to form in all material respects with the
applicable accounting requirements of the 1933 Act and 1940 Act and the related rules and
regulations adopted by the Commission;
(iii) on the basis of procedures (but not an audit in accordance with generally
accepted auditing standards) consisting of:
16
(a) Reading the minutes of meetings of the Board of Directors of the Fund as
set forth in the minute books through a specified date not more than three business
days prior to the date of delivery of such letter;
(b) Making inquiries of certain officials of the Fund who have responsibility
for financial and accounting matters regarding changes in the capital stock, net
assets or long-term liabilities of the Fund as compared with the amounts shown in
the latest balance sheet included in the Registration Statement or for the period
from the date of the latest income statement included in the Registration Statement
to a specified date not more than three business days prior to the delivery of such
letter.
(iv) The letter shall also state that the information set forth under the captions
Summary of Fund Expenses, Use of Leverage and Description of Shares which is expressed
in dollars (or percentages derived from such dollar amounts) and has been obtained from
accounting records which are subject to controls over financial reporting or which has been
derived directly from such accounting records by analysis or computation, is in agreement
with such records or computations made therefrom, and such other procedures as the
Representatives may request and PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP are willing to perform and report
upon.
(f)
Bring-down Comfort Letter
. At Closing Time, the Representatives shall have received from
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP a letter, dated as of Closing Time, to the effect that they reaffirm the
statements made in the letter furnished pursuant to subsection (e) of this Section, except that the
specified date referred to shall be a date not more than three business days prior to Closing Time.
(g)
Approval of Listing
. At Closing Time, the Securities shall have been approved for listing
on the NYSE, subject only to official notice of issuance.
(h)
No Objection
. The NASD shall have confirmed that it has not raised any objection with
respect to the fairness and reasonableness of the underwriting terms and arrangements.
(i) Execution of Additional Compensation Agreement. At Closing Time, Merrill Lynch shall have
received the Additional Compensation Agreement, dated as of the Closing Date, as executed by the
Investment Adviser.
(j)
Conditions to Purchase of Option Securities
. In the event that the Underwriters exercise
their option provided in Section 2(b) hereof to purchase all or any portion of the Option
Securities, the representations and warranties of the Fund contained herein and the statements in
any certificates furnished by the Fund hereunder shall be true and correct as of each Date of
Delivery and, at the relevant Date of Delivery, the Representatives shall have received:
(i)
Officers Certificates
. Certificates, dated such Date of Delivery, of a
duly authorized officer of the Fund and of the chief financial or chief accounting officer
of the Fund and of the President or a Vice President or Managing Director of the Investment
Adviser confirming that the information contained in the certificate delivered by each of
them at the Closing Time pursuant to Section 5(d) hereof remains true and correct as of such
Date of Delivery.
(ii)
Opinions of Counsel for the Fund and the Investment Adviser
. The
favorable opinion of counsel for the Fund and the Investment Adviser, and James McKee,
counsel for the Fund, in form and substance satisfactory to counsel for the Underwriters,
dated such Date of Delivery, relating to the Option Securities to be purchased on such Date
of Delivery and otherwise to the same effect as the opinion required by Section 5(b) hereof.
17
(iii)
Opinion of Counsel for the Underwriters
. The favorable opinion of
Clifford Chance US LLP, counsel for the Underwriters, dated such Date of Delivery, relating
to the Option Securities to be purchased on such Date of Delivery and otherwise to the same
effect as the opinion required by Section 5(c) hereof.
(iv)
Bring-down Comfort Letter
. A letter from Ernst & Young LLP, in
form and substance satisfactory to the Representatives and dated such Date of Delivery,
substantially in the same form and substance as the letter furnished to the Representatives
pursuant to Section 5(f) hereof, except that the specified date in the letter furnished
pursuant to this paragraph shall be a date not more than five days prior to such Date of
Delivery.
(k)
Additional Documents
. At Closing Time and at each Date of Delivery, counsel for the
Underwriters shall have been furnished with such documents and opinions as they may require for the
purpose of enabling them to pass upon the issuance and sale of the Securities as herein
contemplated, or in order to evidence the accuracy of any of the representations or warranties, or
the fulfillment of any of the conditions, herein contained; and all proceedings taken by the Fund
and the Investment Adviser in connection with the organization and registration of the Fund under
the 1940 Act and the issuance and sale of the Securities as herein contemplated shall be
satisfactory in form and substance to the Representatives and counsel for the Underwriters.
(l)
Termination of Agreement
. If any condition specified in this Section shall not have been
fulfilled when and as required to be fulfilled, this Agreement, or, in the case of any condition to
the purchase of Option Securities, on a Date of Delivery which is after the Closing Time, the
obligations of the several Underwriters to purchase the relevant Option Securities, may be
terminated by the Representatives by notice to the Fund at any time at or prior to Closing Time or
such Date of Delivery, as the case may be, and such termination shall be without liability of any
party to any other party except as provided in Section 4 and except that Sections 1, 6, 7, 8 and 13
shall survive any such termination and remain in full force and effect.
SECTION 6. Indemnification.
(a)
Indemnification of Underwriters
. The Fund and the Investment Adviser, jointly and
severally, agree to indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter and each person, if any, who
controls any Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of the 1934
Act against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense whatsoever, as incurred, joint
or several, to which such Underwriter or such controlling person may become subject under the 1933
Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect
thereof) arise out of, or are caused by, related to, based upon or arising out of or in connection
with:
(i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in
the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), including the Rule 430A Information,
or the omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact required to be stated
therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading or arising out of any
untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact included in any preliminary
prospectus, any Rule 482 Statement or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement
thereto), or the omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact necessary in
order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they
were made, not misleading;
(ii) any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense whatsoever, as incurred, to
the extent of the aggregate amount paid in settlement of any litigation, or any
investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or
of any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue statement or omission, or any such
alleged untrue
18
statement or omission; provided that (subject to Section 6(f) below) any such
settlement is effected with the written consent of the Fund; and
(iii) any and all expense whatsoever, as incurred (including the fees and disbursements
of counsel chosen by Merrill Lynch), reasonably incurred in investigating, preparing or
defending against any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental
agency or body, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue
statement or omission, or any such alleged untrue statement or omission, to the extent that
any such expense is not paid under (i) or (ii) above;
provided, however, that this indemnity agreement shall not apply to any loss, liability,
claim, damage or expense to the extent arising out of any untrue statement or omission or alleged
untrue statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information
furnished to the Fund or the Investment Adviser by any Underwriter through Merrill Lynch expressly
for use in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), including the Rule 430A
Information or any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus;
(b)
Indemnification of Fund and Investment Adviser by Underwriters
. Each Underwriter agrees,
severally and not jointly, to indemnify and hold harmless the Fund and the Investment Adviser,
their trustees, their directors, any officers who sign the Registration Statement, and any person
who controls the Fund or the Investment Adviser within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or
Section 20 of the 1934 Act, to the same extent as the foregoing indemnity from the Fund and the
Investment Adviser to each Underwriter, but only with respect to information relating to such
Underwriter furnished in writing by or on behalf of such Underwriter through you expressly for use
in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any preliminary prospectus, or any amendment or
supplement thereto.
(c)
Indemnification for Marketing Materials
. In addition to the foregoing indemnification,
the Fund and the Investment Adviser also, jointly and severally, agree to indemnify and hold
harmless each Underwriter and each person, if any, who controls any Underwriter within the meaning
of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act, against any and all loss, liability,
claim, damage and expense described in the indemnity contained in Section 6(a), as limited by the
proviso set forth therein, with respect to any sales material.
(d)
Actions against Parties; Notification
. Each indemnified party shall give notice as
promptly as reasonably practicable to each indemnifying party of any action commenced against it in
respect of which indemnity may be sought hereunder, but failure to so notify an indemnifying party
shall not relieve such indemnifying party from any liability hereunder to the extent it is not
materially prejudiced as a result thereof and in any event shall not relieve it from any liability
which it may have otherwise than on account of this indemnity agreement. In the case of parties
indemnified pursuant to Section 6(a) or 6(b) above, counsel to the indemnified parties shall be
selected by Merrill Lynch, and, in the case of parties indemnified pursuant to Section 6(c) above,
counsel to the indemnified parties shall be selected by the Fund and the Investment Adviser. An
indemnifying party may participate at its own expense in the defense of any such action; provided,
however, that counsel to the indemnifying party shall not (except with the consent of the
indemnified party) also be counsel to the indemnified party. In no event shall the indemnifying
parties be liable for fees and expenses of more than one counsel (in addition to any local counsel)
separate from their own counsel for all indemnified parties in connection with any one action or
separate but similar or related actions in the same jurisdiction arising out of the same general
allegations or circumstances. No indemnifying party shall, without the prior written consent of
the indemnified parties, settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect
to any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced
or threatened, or any claim whatsoever in respect of which indemnification or contribution could be
sought under this Section 6 or Section 7 hereof (whether or not the indemnified parties are actual
or potential parties thereto), unless such settlement, compromise or consent (i) includes an
unconditional release of
19
each indemnified party from all liability arising out of such litigation, investigation,
proceeding or claim and (ii) does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault,
culpability or a failure to act by or on behalf of any indemnified party.
(e)
Settlement without Consent if Failure to Reimburse
. If at any time an indemnified party
shall have requested an indemnifying party to reimburse the indemnified party for reasonable fees
and expenses of counsel, such indemnifying party agrees that it shall be liable for any settlement
of the nature contemplated by Section 6(a)(ii) effected without its written consent if (i) such
settlement is entered into more than 45 days after receipt by such indemnifying party of the
aforesaid request, (ii) such indemnifying party shall have received notice of the terms of such
settlement at least 30 days prior to such settlement being entered into and (iii) such indemnifying
party shall not have reimbursed such indemnified party in accordance with such request prior to the
date of such settlement.
(f)
Survival
. Any losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses for which an indemnified
party is entitled to indemnification or contribution under this Section 6 or Section 7 shall be
paid by the indemnifying party to the indemnified party as such losses, claims, damages,
liabilities or expenses are incurred. The indemnity and contribution agreements contained in this
Section 6 and Section 7 and the representations and warranties of the Fund and the Investment
Adviser set forth in this Agreement shall remain operative and in full force and effect, regardless
of (i) any investigation made by or on behalf of any Underwriter or any person controlling any
Underwriter, the Fund, the Investment Adviser, their trustees, their directors or officers, or any
person controlling the Fund or the Investment Adviser, (ii) acceptance of any Shares and payment
therefor hereunder, and (iii) any termination of this Agreement. A successor to any Underwriter or
any person controlling any Underwriter, or to the Fund, the Investment Adviser, their trustees,
their directors or officers, or any person controlling the Fund or the Investment Adviser, shall be
entitled to the benefits of the indemnity, contribution, and reimbursement agreements contained in
this Section 6 or Section 7.
(g) Notwithstanding any other provisions in this Section 6 or Section 7, no party shall be
entitled to indemnification or contribution under this Agreement against any loss, claim,
liability, expense or damage arising by reason of such persons willful misfeasance, bad faith,
gross negligence or reckless disregard of its duties in the performance of its duties hereunder.
SECTION 7. Contribution.
(a) If the indemnification provided for in Section 6 is unavailable to an indemnified party
under paragraphs (a) or (c) thereof in respect of any losses, claims, damages, liabilities or
expenses referred to therein, then an indemnifying party, in lieu of indemnifying such indemnified
party, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such
losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses (i) in such proportion as is appropriate to
reflect the relative benefits received by the Fund and the Investment Adviser on the one hand
(treated jointly for this purpose as one person) and the Underwriters on the other hand from the
offering of the Shares, or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause (i) above is not permitted by
applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits
referred to in clause (i) above but also the relative fault of the Fund and the Investment Adviser
on the one hand (treated jointly for this purpose as one person) and the Underwriters on the other
in connection with the statements or omissions that resulted in such losses, claims, damages,
liabilities or expenses, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative
benefits received by the Fund and the Investment Adviser on the one hand (treated jointly for this
purpose as one person) and the Underwriters on the other shall be deemed to be in the same
proportion as the total net proceeds from the offering (before deducting expenses) received by the
Fund bear to the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by the Underwriters, in each
case as set forth in the table on the cover page of the Prospectus. The relative fault of the Fund
and the Investment Adviser on the one hand (treated jointly for this purpose as one person) and the
Underwriters on the other hand shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the
untrue or alleged untrue statement of a
20
material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to
information supplied by the Fund and the Investment Adviser on the one hand (treated jointly for
this purpose as one person) or by the Underwriters on the other hand and the parties relative
intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or
omission.
(b) The Fund, the Investment Adviser and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and
equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 7 were determined by a pro rata allocation (even
if the Underwriters were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of
allocation that does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in paragraph (a)
above. The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims,
damages, liabilities and expenses referred to in paragraph (a) above shall be deemed to include,
subject to the limitations set forth above, any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such
indemnified party in connection with investigating any claim or defending any such action, suit or
proceeding. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 7, no Underwriter shall be required to
contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total price of the Shares underwritten
by it and distributed to the public exceeds the amount of any damages which such Underwriter has
otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or
alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section
11(f) of the 1933 Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such
fraudulent misrepresentation. The Underwriters obligations to contribute pursuant to this Section
7 are several in proportion to the respective numbers of Shares set forth opposite their names in
Schedule A hereto and not joint. For purposes of this Section 7, each person, if any, who controls
an Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act shall
have the same rights to contribution as such Underwriter, and each trustee and shareholder of the
Fund and each director of the Investment Adviser, respectively, each officer of the Fund who signed
the Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who controls the Fund or the Investment
Adviser, within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act shall have
the same rights to contribution as the Fund and the Investment Adviser, respectively.
SECTION 8. Representations, Warranties and Agreements to Survive Delivery.
All representations, warranties and covenants contained in this Agreement or in certificates
of officers of the Fund or the Investment Adviser submitted pursuant hereto, shall remain operative
and in full force and effect, regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of any
Underwriter or controlling person, or by or on behalf of the Fund or the Investment Adviser, and
shall survive delivery of the Securities to the Underwriters.
SECTION 9. Termination of Agreement.
(a)
Termination; General
. The Representatives may terminate this Agreement, by notice to the
Fund, at any time at or prior to Closing Time (i) if there has been, since the time of execution of
this Agreement or since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Prospectus
(exclusive of any supplement thereto) or General Disclosure Package, any material adverse change in
the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business affairs or business prospects
of the Fund or the Investment Adviser, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business,
or (ii) if there has occurred any material adverse change in the financial markets in the United
States or the international financial markets, any outbreak of hostilities or escalation thereof or
other calamity or crisis or any change or development involving a prospective change in national or
international political, financial or economic conditions, in each case the effect of which is such
as to make it, in the judgment of the Representatives, impracticable or inadvisable to market the
Securities or to enforce contracts for the sale of the Securities, or (iii) if trading in the
Common Shares of the Fund has been suspended or materially limited by the Commission or the NYSE,
or if trading generally on the American Stock Exchange or the NYSE or in the Nasdaq National Market
has been suspended or materially limited, or minimum or maximum prices for trading have been fixed,
or maximum ranges for prices have been required, by any of said exchanges or
21
by such system or by order of the Commission, the NASD or any other governmental authority, or
a material disruption has occurred in commercial banking or securities settlement or clearance
services in the United States, or (iv) if a banking moratorium has been declared by either Federal
or New York authorities.
(b)
Liabilities
. If this Agreement is terminated pursuant to this Section, such termination
shall be without liability of any party to any other party except as provided in Section 4 hereof,
and provided further that Sections 1, 6, 7, 8, 12 and 14 shall survive such termination and remain
in full force and effect.
SECTION 10. Default by One or More of the Underwriters.
If one or more of the Underwriters shall fail at Closing Time or a Date of Delivery to
purchase the Securities which it or they are obligated to purchase under this Agreement (the
Defaulted Securities), the Representatives shall have the right, within 24 hours thereafter, to
make arrangements for one or more of the non-defaulting Underwriters, or any other underwriters, to
purchase all, but not less than all, of the Defaulted Securities in such amounts as may be agreed
upon and upon the terms herein set forth; if, however, the Representatives shall not have completed
such arrangements within such 24-hour period, then:
(a) if the number of Defaulted Securities does not exceed 10% of the number of Securities to
be purchased on such date, each of the non-defaulting Underwriters shall be obligated, severally
and not jointly, to purchase the full amount thereof in the proportions that their respective
underwriting obligations hereunder bear to the underwriting obligations of all non-defaulting
Underwriters, or
(b) if the number of Defaulted Securities exceeds 10% of the number of Securities to be
purchased on such date, this Agreement or, with respect to any Date of Delivery which occurs after
the Closing Time, the obligation of the Underwriters to purchase and of the Fund to sell the Option
Securities to be purchased and sold on such Date of Delivery shall terminate without liability on
the part of any non-defaulting Underwriter.
No action taken pursuant to this Section shall relieve any defaulting Underwriter from
liability in respect of its default.
In the event of any such default which does not result in a termination of this Agreement or,
in the case of a Date of Delivery which is after the Closing Time, which does not result in a
termination of the obligation of the Underwriters to purchase and the Fund to sell the relevant
Option Securities, as the case may be, either the Representatives or the Fund shall have the right
to postpone Closing Time or the relevant Date of Delivery, as the case may be, for a period not
exceeding seven days in order to effect any required changes in the Registration Statement or
Prospectus or in any other documents or arrangements. As used herein, the term Underwriter
includes any person substituted for an Underwriter under this Section 10.
SECTION 11. Tax Disclosure.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, from the commencement of discussions
with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby, the Fund and the Investment Adviser (and each
employee, representative or other agent of the Fund) may disclose to any and all persons, without
limitation of any kind, the tax treatment and tax structure (as such terms are used in Sections
6011, 6111 and 6112 of the U.S. Code and the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder) of the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement and all materials of any kind (including opinions or
other tax analyses) that are provided relating to such tax treatment and tax structure.
22
SECTION 12. Notices.
All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have
been duly given if mailed or transmitted by any standard form of telecommunication. Notices to the
Underwriters shall be directed to the Representatives, Merrill Lynch & Co., 4 World Financial
Center, New York, New York 10080, attention of Equity Capital Markets; and notices to the Fund or
the Investment Adviser shall be directed, as appropriate, to the office of ___, Attention: ___.
SECTION 13. Parties.
This Agreement shall each inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Underwriters, the
Fund, the Investment Adviser and its respective partners and successors. Nothing expressed or
mentioned in this Agreement is intended or shall be construed to give any person, firm or
corporation, other than the Underwriters, the Fund, the Investment Adviser and their respective
successors and the controlling persons and officers, trustees and directors referred to in Sections
6 and 7 and their heirs and legal representatives, any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim
under or in respect of this Agreement or any provision herein contained. This Agreement and all
conditions and provisions hereof are intended to be for the sole and exclusive benefit of the
Underwriters, the Fund, the Investment Adviser and their respective partners and successors, and
said controlling persons and officers, trustees, shareholders and directors and their heirs and
legal representatives, and for the benefit of no other person, firm or corporation. No purchaser
of Securities from any Underwriter shall be deemed to be a successor by reason merely of such
purchase.
SECTION 14. No Fiduciary Relationship.
The Fund acknowledges and agrees that (i) the purchase and sale of the Securities pursuant to
this Agreement, including the determination of the public offering price of the Securities and any
related discounts and commissions, is an arms-length commercial transaction between the Fund, on
the one hand, and the several Underwriters, on the other hand, (ii) in connection with the offering
contemplated hereby and the process leading to such transaction each Underwriter is and has been
acting solely as a principal and is not the agent or fiduciary of the Fund or its shareholders,
creditors, employees or any other party, (iii) no Underwriter has assumed or will assume an
advisory or fiduciary responsibility in favor of the Fund with respect to the offering contemplated
hereby or the process leading thereto (irrespective of whether such Underwriter has advised or is
currently advising the Fund on other matters) and no Underwriter has any obligation to the Fund
with respect to the offering contemplated hereby except the obligations expressly set forth in this
Agreement, (iv) the Underwriters and their respective affiliates may be engaged in a broad range of
transactions that involve interests that differ from those of the Fund, and (v) the Underwriters
have not provided any legal, accounting, regulatory or tax advice with respect to the offering
contemplated hereby and the Fund has consulted its own legal, accounting, regulatory and tax
advisors to the extent it deemed appropriate.
SECTION 15. GOVERNING LAW AND TIME.
THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF
NEW YORK APPLICABLE TO AGREEMENTS MADE AND TO BE PERFORMED IN SAID STATE. UNLESS OTHERWISE
EXPLICITLY PROVIDED, SPECIFIED TIMES OF DAY REFER TO NEW YORK CITY TIME.
SECTION 16. Effect of Headings.
The Article and Section headings herein are for convenience only and shall not affect the
construction hereof.
23
If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our agreement, please sign and
return to us a counterpart hereof, whereupon this instrument, along with all counterparts, will
become a binding agreement among the Underwriters, the Fund and Investment Adviser in accordance
with its terms.
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Very truly yours,
The Gabelli Global Deal Fund
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By:
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Name:
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Title:
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Gabelli Funds, LLC
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By:
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Name:
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Title:
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24
CONFIRMED AND ACCEPTED,
as of the date first above written:
MERRILL LYNCH & CO.
MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH INCORPORATED
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS INC.
A.G. EDWARDS & SONS, INC.
GABELLI & COMPANY, INC.
BB&T CAPITAL MARKETS, A DIVISION OF SCOTT & STRINGFELLOW, INC.
ROBERT W. BAIRD & CO. INCORPORATED
DEUTSCHE BANK SECURITIES INC.
FERRIS, BAKER WATTS, INCORPORATED
J.J.B. HILLIARD, W.L. LYONS, INC.
LADENBURG THALMANN & CO. INC.
OPPENHEIMER & CO. INC.
RAYMOND JAMES & ASSOCIATES, INC.
WELLS FARGO SECURITIES, LLC
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By:
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MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH INCORPORATED
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For themselves and as Representatives of the
other Underwriters named in
Schedule A
hereto.
25
SCHEDULE A
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Number of
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Name of Underwriter
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Initial Securities
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Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated
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Citigroup Global Markets Inc.
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A.G. Edwards & Sons, Inc.
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Gabelli & Company, Inc.
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BB&T Capital Markets, a division of Scott & Stringfellow, Inc.
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Robert W. Baird & Co. Incorporated
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Deutsche Bank Securities Inc.
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Ferris, Baker Watts, Incorporated
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J.J.B. Hilliard, W.L. Lyons, Inc.
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Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc.
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Oppenheimer & Co. Inc.
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Raymond James & Associates, Inc.
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Wells Fargo Securities, LLC
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Total
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Sch A-1
SCHEDULE B
The Gabelli Global Deal Fund
Common Shares of Beneficial Interest
($0.001 Par Value)
1. The initial public offering price per share for the Securities, determined as provided in
said Section 2, shall be $20.00.
2. The purchase price per share for the Securities to be paid by the several Underwriters
shall be $19.10, being an amount equal to the initial public offering price set forth above less
$0.90 per share; provided that the purchase price per share for any Option Securities purchased
upon the exercise of the overallotment option described in Section 2(b) shall be reduced by an
amount per share equal to any dividends or distributions declared by the Fund and payable on the
Initial Securities but not payable on the Option Securities.
Sch B-1
SCHEDULE C
Oral Information, if any, included as part of the General Disclosure Package
[Number of shares and price]
Sch B-1
Exhibit-99(j)
MUTUAL FUND CUSTODY
AND SERVICES AGREEMENT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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SECTION
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PAGE
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DEFINITIONS
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1
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ARTICLE I CUSTODY PROVISIONS
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3
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1.
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Appointment of Custodian
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4
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2.
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Custody of Cash and Securities
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4
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3.
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Settlement of Series Transactions
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8
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4.
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Lending of Securities
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8
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5.
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Persons Having Access to Assets of the Series
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8
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6.
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Standard of Care; Scope of Custodial Responsibilities
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9
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7.
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Appointment of Subcustodians
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11
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8.
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Overdraft Facility and Security for Payment
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11
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9.
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Tax Obligations
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11
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ARTICLE II FOREIGN CUSTODY MANAGER SERVICES
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12
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1.
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Delegation
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12
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2.
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Changes to Appendix C
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12
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3.
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Reports to Board
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12
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4.
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Monitoring System
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13
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5.
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Standard of Care
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13
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6.
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Use of Securities Depositories
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13
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ARTICLE III INFORMATION SERVICES
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13
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1.
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Risk Analysis
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13
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2.
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Monitoring of Securities Depositories
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13
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3.
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Use of Agents
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13
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4.
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Exercise of Reasonable Care
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13
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5.
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Liabilities and Warranties
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14
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ARTICLE IV GENERAL PROVISIONS
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14
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1.
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Compensation
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14
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2.
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Insolvency of Foreign Custodians
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14
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3.
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Liability for Depositories
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14
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4.
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Damages
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14
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5.
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Indemnification; Liability of the Series
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15
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6.
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Force Majeure
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15
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7.
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Termination
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15
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8.
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Inspection of Books and Records
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15
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9.
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Miscellaneous
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16
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APPENDIX A. AUTHORIZED PERSONS
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19
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APPENDIX B. FUND OFFICERS
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20
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APPENDIX C. SELECTED COUNTRIES
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21
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APPENDIX D. SELF CUSTODY RIDER
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22
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EXHIBIT A. CUSTOMER IDENTIFICATION PROGRAM NOTICE
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23
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i
[AMENDED AND RESTATED]
MUTUAL FUND CUSTODY AND
SERVICES AGREEMENT
This AGREEMENT,
effective as of the
day of
, 200
, and is between
, (the Fund) [a business trust/ corporation] organized under the laws
of the
[
Commonwealth of Massachusetts/State of Maryland
]
having its principal office and place of
business at
, and
[MELLON BANK, N.A./MELLON TRUST OF NEW ENGLAND, N.A.]
, (the
Custodian) a national banking association with its principal place of business at [MELLON BANK
ADDRESS/MELLON TRUST ADDRESS].
W
I
T
N
E
S
S
E
T
H
:
WHEREAS,
the Fund is authorized to issue shares in separate series with each such series
representing interests in a separate portfolio of securities and other assets, and the Fund has
made the Series listed on Appendix F subject to this Agreement (each such series, together with all
other series subsequently established by the Fund and made subject to the Agreement in accordance
with the terms hereof, shall be referred to as a Series and collectively as the Series);
WHEREAS,
the Fund and the Custodian desire [to restate the terms of their existing custody
agreement to reflect the changes to Rules 17f-5 and 17f-7, and] to set forth their agreement with
respect to the custody of the Series Securities and cash and the processing of Securities
transactions;
WHEREAS
, the Board desires to delegate certain of its responsibilities for performing the
services set forth in paragraphs (c)(1), (c)(2) and (c)(3) of Rule 17f-5 to the Custodian as a
Foreign Custody Manager;
WHEREAS
, the Custodian agrees to accept such delegation with respect to Assets, including
those held by Foreign Custodians in the Selected Countries as set forth in jurisdictions listed on
Appendix C
as set forth in Article II; and
WHEREAS
, the Custodian agrees to perform the function of a Primary Custodian under Rule 17f-7;
NOW THEREFORE
, the Fund and the Custodian agree as follows:
DEFINITIONS
The following words and phrases, unless the context requires otherwise, shall have the
following meanings:
1.
Act
: the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the Rules and Regulations
1
thereunder, all as amended from time to time.
2.
Agreement
: this agreement and any amendments.
3.
Assets
: any of the Series investments, including foreign currencies and investments for which
the primary market is outside the United States, and such cash and cash equivalents as are
reasonably necessary to effect the Series transactions in such investments.
4.
Authorized Person
: the Chairman of the Funds Board, its President, and any Vice President,
Secretary, Treasurer or any other person, whether or not any such person is an officer or employee
of the Fund, duly authorized by the Board to add or delete jurisdictions pursuant to Article II and
to give Instructions on behalf of a Series which is listed in the Certificate annexed hereto as
Appendix A
or such other Certificate as may be received by the Custodian from time to time.
5.
Board
: the Board of Managers (or the body authorized to exercise authority similar to that of
the board of directors of a corporation) of the Fund.
6.
Book-Entry System
: the Federal Reserve/Treasury book-entry system for United States and
federal agency Securities, its successor or successors and its nominee or nominees.
7.
Business Day
: any day on which the Series, the Custodian, the Book-Entry System and
appropriate clearing corporation(s) are open for business.
8.
Certificate
: any notice, instruction or other instrument in writing, authorized or required by
this Agreement to be given to the Custodian, which is actually received by the Custodian and signed
on behalf of a Series by an Authorized Person or Persons designated by the Board to issue a
Certificate.
9.
Eligible Securities Depository
: the meaning of the term set forth in Rule 17f-7(b)(1).
10.
Foreign Custodian
: (a) a banking institution or trust company incorporated or organized under
the laws of a country other than the United States, that is regulated as such by the countrys
government or an agency of the countrys government; (b) a majority-owned direct or indirect
subsidiary of a U.S. Bank or bank-holding company; or (c) any entity other than a Securities
Depository with respect to which exemptive or no-action relief has been granted by the Securities
and Exchange Commission. For the avoidance of doubt, the term Foreign Custodian shall not
include Euroclear, Clearstream, Bank One or any other transnational system for the central handling
of securities or equivalent book-entries regardless of whether or not such entities or their
service providers are acting in a custodial capacity with respect to Assets, Securities or other
property of the Series.
11. Foreign Custody Manager
: the meaning set forth in Rule 17f-5(a)(3).
2
12.
Instructions
: (i) all directions to the Custodian from an Authorized Person pursuant to the
terms of this Agreement; (ii) all directions by or on behalf of the Fund to the Custodian in its
corporate capacity (or any of its affiliates) with respect to contracts for foreign exchange; (iii)
all directions by or on behalf of the Fund pursuant to an agreement with Custodian (or any of its
affiliates) with respect to benefit disbursement services or information or transactional services
provided via a web site sponsored by the Custodian (or any of its affiliates) (e.g., the Workbench
web site) and (iv) all directions by or on behalf of the Fund pursuant to any other agreement or
procedure between the Custodian (or any of its affiliates) and the Fund, if such agreement or
procedure specifically provides that authorized persons thereunder are deemed to be authorized to
give instructions under this Agreement. Instructions shall be in writing, transmitted by first
class mail, overnight delivery, private courier, facsimile, or shall be an electronic transmission
subject to the Custodians policies and procedures, other institutional delivery systems or trade
matching utilities as directed by an Authorized Person and supported by the Custodian, or other
methods agreed upon in writing by the Fund and Custodian. The Custodian may, in its discretion,
accept oral directions and instructions from an Authorized Person and may require confirmation in
writing. However, where the Custodian acts on an oral direction prior to receipt of a written
confirmation, the Custodian shall not be liable if a subsequent written confirmation fails to
conform to the oral direction.
13.
Primary Custodian
: the meaning set forth in Rule 17f-7(b)(2).
14.
Prospectus
: a Series current prospectus and statement of additional information relating to
the registration of the Shares under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
15.
Risk Analysis
: the analysis required under Rule 17f-7(a)(1)(i)(A).
16.
Rules 17f-4, 17f-5
and
17f-7
: such Rules as promulgated under Section 17(f) of the Act, as
such rules (and any successor rules or regulations) may be amended from time to time.
17.
Security
or
Securities
: bonds, debentures, notes, stocks, shares, evidences of
indebtedness, and other securities, commodities, interests and investments from time to time owned
by the Series.
18.
Securities Depository
: a system for the central handling of securities as defined in Rule
17f-4.
19.
Selected Countries
: the jurisdictions listed on
Appendix C
as such may be amended
from time to time in accordance with Article II.
20.
Shares
: shares of each Series, however designated.
ARTICLE I. CUSTODY PROVISIONS
3
1.
Appointment of Custodian
.
The Board appoints, and the Custodian accepts appointment as
custodian of all the Securities and monies at the time owned by or in the possession of the Series
during the period of this Agreement.
2.
Custody of Cash and Securities
.
a.
Receipt and Holding of Assets
. The Series will deliver or cause to be delivered to
the Custodian all Securities and monies owned by it at any time during the period of this Custody
Agreement. The Custodian will not be responsible for such Securities and monies until actually
received. The Board specifically authorizes the Custodian to hold Securities, Assets or other
property of the Series with any domestic subcustodian, or Securities Depository, and Foreign
Custodians or Eligible Securities Depositories in the Selected Countries as provided in Article II.
Securities and monies of the Series deposited in a Securities Depository or Eligible Securities
Depositories will be reflected in an account or accounts which include only assets held by the
Custodian or a Foreign Custodian for its customers.
b.
Disbursements of Cash and Delivery of Securities
. The Custodian shall disburse
cash or deliver out Securities only for the purposes listed below. Instructions must specify or
evidence the purpose for which any transaction is to be made and the Series shall be solely
responsible to assure that Instructions are in accord with any limitations or restrictions
applicable to the Series
(1) In payment for Securities purchased for the applicable Series;
(2) In payment of dividends or distributions with respect to Shares;
(3) In payment for Shares which have been redeemed by the applicable Series;
(4) In payment of taxes;
(5) When Securities are sold, called, redeemed, retired, or otherwise become payable;
(6) In exchange for or upon conversion into other securities alone or other securities and
cash pursuant to any plan or merger, consolidation, reorganization, recapitalization or
readjustment;
(7) Upon conversion of Securities pursuant to their terms into other securities;
(8) Upon exercise of subscription, purchase or other similar rights represented by Securities;
(9) For the payment of interest, management or supervisory fees,
4
distributions or operating expenses;
(10) In payment of fees and in reimbursement of the expenses and liabilities of the Custodian
attributable to the applicable Series;
(11) In connection with any borrowings by the applicable Series or short sales of securities
requiring a pledge of Securities, but only against receipt of amounts borrowed;
(12) In connection with any loans, but only against receipt of adequate collateral as
specified in Instructions which shall reflect any restrictions applicable to the Series.
(13) For the purpose of redeeming Shares of the capital stock of the applicable Series and the
delivery to, or the crediting to the account of, the Custodian or the applicable Series transfer
agent, such Shares to be purchased or redeemed;
(14) For the purpose of redeeming in kind Shares of the applicable Series against delivery to
the Custodian, its Subcustodian or the Customer Series transfer agent of such Shares to be so
redeemed;
(15) For delivery in accordance with the provisions of any agreement among the Fund, the
Custodian and a broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange
Act) and a member of The National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (NASD), relating to
compliance with the rules of The Options Clearing Corporation and of any registered national
securities exchange, or of any similar organization or organizations, regarding escrow or other
arrangements in connection with transactions by the Fund. The Custodian will act only in
accordance with Instructions in the delivery of Securities to be held in escrow and will have no
responsibility or liability for any such Securities which are not returned promptly when due other
than to make proper requests for such return;
(16) For spot or forward foreign exchange transactions to facilitate security trading, receipt
of income from Securities or related transactions;
(17) Upon the termination of this Agreement; and
(18) For other proper purposes as may be specified in Instructions issued by an Authorized
Person of the Fund which shall include a statement of the purpose for which the delivery or payment
is to be made, the amount of the payment or specific Securities to be delivered, the name of the
person or persons to whom delivery or payment is to be made, and a Certificate stating that the
purpose is a proper purpose under the instruments governing the Fund.
(19) For delivery of Securities or monies of the Fund as set forth under Article I, Section 7.
c.
Actions Which May be Taken Without Instructions
. Unless an Instruction
5
to the contrary is received, the Custodian shall:
(1) Collect all income due or payable, provided that the Custodian shall not be responsible
for the failure to receive payment of (or late payment of) distributions or other payments with
respect to Securities or other property held in the account;
(2) Present for payment and collect the amount payable upon all Securities which may mature or
be called, redeemed, retired or otherwise become payable. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the
Custodian shall have no responsibility to the Series for monitoring or ascertaining any call,
redemption or retirement dates with respect to put bonds or similar instruments which are owned by
the Series and held by the Custodian or its nominees where such dates are not published in sources
routinely used by the Custodian. Nor shall the Custodian have any responsibility or liability to
the Series for any loss by the Series for any missed payments or other defaults resulting
therefrom, unless the Custodian received timely notification from the Series specifying the time,
place and manner for the presentment of any such put bond owned by the Series and held by the
Custodian or its nominee. The Custodian shall not be responsible and assumes no liability for the
accuracy or completeness of any notification the Custodian may furnish to the Series with respect
to put bonds or similar instruments;
(3) Surrender Securities in temporary form for definitive Securities;
(4) Hold directly, or through a Securities Depository with respect to Securities therein
deposited, for the account of the applicable Series all rights and similar Securities issued with
respect to any Securities held by the Custodian hereunder for that Series;
(5) Submit or cause to be submitted to the applicable Series or its investment advisor as
designated by the Fund information actually received by the Custodian regarding ownership rights
pertaining to property held for the applicable Series;
(6) Deliver or cause to be delivered any Securities held for the applicable Series in exchange
for other Securities or cash issued or paid in connection with the liquidation, reorganization,
refinancing, merger, consolidation or recapitalization of any corporation, or the exercise of any
conversion privilege;
(7) Deliver or cause to be delivered any Securities held for the applicable Series to any
protective committee, reorganization committee or other person in connection with the
reorganization, refinancing, merger, consolidation or recapitalization or sale of assets of any
corporation, and receive and hold under the terms of this Agreement such certificates of deposit,
interim receipts or other instruments or documents as may be issued to it to evidence such
delivery;
(8) Make or cause to be made such transfers or exchanges of the assets specifically allocated
to the applicable Series and take such other steps as shall be stated in Instructions to be for the
purpose of effectuating any duly authorized plan of
6
liquidation, reorganization, merger,
consolidation or recapitalization of the applicable Series;
(9) Deliver Securities upon the receipt of payment in connection with any repurchase agreement
related to such Securities entered into by the Series;
(10) Deliver Securities owned by the applicable Series to the issuer thereof or its agent when
such Securities are called, redeemed, retired or otherwise become payable; provided, however, that
in any such case the cash or other consideration is to be delivered to the Custodian.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Custodian shall have no responsibility to the Series for
monitoring or ascertaining any call, redemption or retirement dates with respect to the put bonds
or similar instruments which are owned by the Series and held by the Custodian or its nominee where
such dates are not published in sources routinely used by the Custodian. Nor shall the Custodian
have any responsibility or liability to the Series for any loss by the Series for any missed
payment or other default resulting therefrom unless the Custodian received timely notification from
the Series specifying the time, place and manner for the presentment of any such put bond owned by
the Series and held by the Custodian or its nominee. The Custodian shall not be responsible and
assumes no liability to the Series for the accuracy or completeness of any notification the
Custodian may furnish to the applicable Series with respect to put bonds or similar investments;
(11) Endorse and collect all checks, drafts or other orders for the payment of money received
by the Custodian for the account of the applicable Series; and
(12) Execute any and all documents, agreements or other instruments as may be necessary or
desirable for the accomplishment of the purposes of this Agreement.
d.
Confirmation and Statements
. Promptly after the close of business on each day, the
Custodian shall furnish each Series with confirmations and a summary of all transfers to or from
the account of the Series during the day. Where securities purchased by a Series are in a fungible
bulk of securities registered in the name of the Custodian (or its nominee) or shown on the
Custodians account on the books of a Securities Depository, the Custodian shall by book-entry or
otherwise identify the quantity of those securities belonging to that Series. At least monthly,
the Custodian shall furnish each Series with a detailed statement of the Securities and monies held
for the Series under this Custody Agreement.
e.
Registration of Securities
. The Custodian is authorized to hold all Securities,
Assets, or other property of each Series in nominee name, in bearer form or in book-entry form.
The Custodian may register any Securities, Assets or other property of each Series in the name of
the Fund or the Series, in the name of the Custodian, any domestic subcustodian, or Foreign
Custodian, in the name of any duly appointed
registered nominee of such entity, or in the name of a Securities Depository or its successor
or successors, or its nominee or nominees. The Fund agrees to furnish to the Custodian appropriate
instruments to enable the Custodian to hold or deliver in proper form for transfer, or to register
in the name of its registered nominee or in the name of a
7
Securities Depository, any Securities
which it may hold for the account of the applicable Series and which may from time to time be
registered in the name of the Fund or the applicable Series.
f.
Segregated Accounts
. Upon receipt of Instructions, the Custodian will, from time
to time establish segregated accounts on behalf of the applicable Series to hold and deal with
specified assets as shall be directed.
3.
Settlement of Series Transactions
.
a.
Customary Practices
. Settlement of transactions may be effected in accordance with
trading and processing practices customary in the jurisdiction or market where the transaction
occurs. The Fund acknowledges that this may, in certain circumstances, require the delivery of
cash or Securities (or other property) without the concurrent receipt of Securities (or other
property) or cash. In such circumstances, the Custodian shall have no responsibility for
nonreceipt of payments (or late payment) or nondelivery of Securities or other property (or late
delivery) by the counterparty.
b.
Contractual Income
. The Custodian shall credit the applicable Series, in
accordance with the Custodians standard operating procedure, with income and maturity proceeds on
securities on contractual payment date net of any taxes or upon actual receipt. To the extent the
Custodian credits income on contractual payment date, the Custodian may reverse such accounting
entries to the contractual payment date if the Custodian reasonably believes that such amount will
not be received.
c.
Contractual Settlement
. The Custodian will attend to the settlement of securities
transactions in accordance with the Custodians standard operating procedure, on the basis of
either contractual settlement date accounting or actual settlement date accounting. To the extent
the Custodian settles certain securities transactions on the basis of contractual settlement date
accounting, the Custodian may reverse to the contractual settlement date any entry relating to such
contractual settlement if the Custodian reasonably believes that such amount will not be received.
4.
Lending of Securities
.
The Custodian may lend the assets of the Series in
accordance with the terms and conditions of a separate securities lending agreement, approved by
the Fund.
5.
Persons Having Access to Assets of the Series
.
a. No trustee or agent of the Fund, and no officer, director, employee or agent
of the Funds investment adviser, of any sub-investment adviser of the Fund, or of the Funds
administrator, shall have physical access to the assets of the Series held by the Custodian or be
authorized or permitted to withdraw any investments of the Series, nor shall the Custodian deliver
any assets of the Series to any such person. No officer, director, employee or agent of the
Custodian who holds any similar position with the Funds investment adviser, with any
sub-investment adviser of the Fund or with the Funds administrator shall have access to the assets
of the Series.
8
b. Nothing in this Section 5 shall prohibit any duly authorized officer, employee or agent of
the Fund, or any duly authorized officer, director, employee or agent of the investment adviser, of
any sub-investment adviser of the Series or of the Series administrator, from giving Instructions
to the Custodian or executing a Certificate so long as it does not result in delivery of or access
to assets of the Series prohibited by paragraph (a) of this Section 5.
6.
Standard of Care; Scope of Custodial Responsibilities
.
a.
Standard of Care
. Custodian shall be required to exercise reasonable care with
respect to its duties under this Agreement unless otherwise provided.
(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Custody Agreement, the Custodian shall not be
liable for any loss or damage, including counsel fees, resulting from its action or omission to act
or otherwise, except for any such loss or damage arising out of the negligence or willful
misconduct of the Custodian.
(2) The Custodian may, with respect to questions of law, apply for and obtain the advice and
opinion of counsel to the Fund or of its own counsel, at the expense of the Fund, and shall be
fully protected with respect to anything done or omitted by it in good faith in conformity with
such advice or opinion.
b.
Scope of Duties
. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Custodian
shall be under no duty or obligation to inquire into, and shall not be liable for:
(1) The acts or omissions of any agent appointed pursuant to Instructions of the Fund or its
investment advisor including, but not limited to, any broker-dealer or other entity to hold any
Securities or other property of the Fund as collateral or otherwise pursuant to any investment
strategy.
(2) The validity of the issue of any Securities purchased by the Series, the legality of the
purchase thereof, or the propriety of the amount paid therefor;
(3) The legality of the sale of any Securities by the Series or the propriety of the amount
for which the same are sold;
(4) The legality of the issue or sale of any Shares, or the sufficiency of the amount to be
received therefor;
(5) The legality of the redemption of any Shares, or the propriety of the amount to be paid
therefore
(6) The legality of the declaration or payment of any distribution of the Series;
(7) The legality of any borrowing for temporary administrative or emergency purposes.
9
c.
No Liability Until Receipt
. The Custodian shall not be liable for, or considered
to be the Custodian of, any money, whether or not represented by any check, draft, or other
instrument for the payment of money, received by it on behalf of the Series until the Custodian
actually receives and collects such money.
d.
Amounts Due from Transfer Agent
. The Custodian shall not be required to effect
collection of any amount due to the Series from the Series transfer agent nor be required to cause
payment or distribution by such transfer agent of any amount paid by the Custodian to the transfer
agent.
e.
Collection Where Payment Refused
. The Custodian shall not be required to take
action to effect collection of any amount, if the Securities upon which such amount is payable are
in default, or if payment is refused after due demand or presentation, unless and until it shall be
directed to take such action and it shall be assured to its satisfaction of reimbursement of its
related costs and expenses.
f.
No Duty to Ascertain Authority
. The Custodian shall not be under any duty or
obligation to ascertain whether any Securities at any time delivered to or held by it for the
Series are such as may properly be held by the Series under the provisions of its governing
instruments or Prospectus.
g.
Reliance on Instructions
. The Custodian shall be entitled to rely upon any
Instruction, notice or other instrument in writing received by the Custodian and reasonably
believed by the Custodian to be genuine and to be signed by an officer or Authorized Person of the
Series. Where the Custodian is issued Instructions orally, the Series acknowledge that if written
confirmation is requested, the validity of the transactions or enforceability of the transactions
authorized by the Series shall not be affected if such confirmation is not received or is contrary
to oral Instructions given. The Custodian shall be fully protected in acting in accordance with all
such Instructions and in failing to act in the absence thereof. The Custodian shall be under no
duty to question any direction of an Authorized Person with respect to the portion of the account
over which such Authorized Person has authority, to review any property held in the account, to
make any suggestions with respect to the investment and reinvestment of the assets in the account,
or to evaluate or question the performance of any Authorized Person. The Custodian shall not be
responsible or liable for any diminution of value of any securities or other property held by the
Custodian or its subcustodians pursuant to Instructions. In following Instructions, the Custodian
shall be fully protected and shall not be liable for
the acts or omissions of any person or entity not selected or retained by the Custodian in its
sole discretion, including but not limited to, any broker-dealer or other entity designed by the
Fund or Authorized Person to hold property of the account as collateral or otherwise pursuant to an
investment strategy.
7.
Appointment of Subcustodians; Transfer of Assets to Subcustodians or Brokers
. The
Custodian is hereby authorized to appoint one or more domestic subcustodians (which may be an
affiliate of the Custodian) to hold Securities and monies at any time owned by the Series. The
Custodian is also hereby authorized when acting pursuant to Instructions to: 1) place assets with
any Foreign Custodian located in a
10
jurisdiction which is not a Selected Country and with Euroclear,
Clearstream, Banc One or any other transnational depository; and 2) place assets with a broker or
any such domestic subcustodian or Foreign Custodian in connection with futures, options, short
selling or other transactions. When acting pursuant to such Instructions, the Custodian shall not
be liable for the acts or omissions of any such broker, subcustodian or Foreign Custodian.
8.
Overdraft Facility and Security for Payment
. In the event that the Custodian receives
Instructions to make payments or transfers of monies on behalf of the Series for which there would
be, at the close of business on the date of such payment or transfer, insufficient monies held by
the Custodian on behalf of the Series, the Custodian may, in its sole discretion, provide an
overdraft (an Overdraft) to the Series in an amount sufficient to allow the completion of such
payment or transfer. Any Overdraft provided hereunder: (a) shall be payable on the next Business
Day, unless otherwise agreed by the Series and the Custodian; and (b) shall accrue interest from
the date of the Overdraft to the date of payment in full by the Series at a rate agreed upon from
time to time by the Custodian and the Series or, in the absence of specific agreement, by such rate
as charged to other customers of Custodian under procedures uniformly applied. The Custodian and
the Series acknowledge that the purpose of such Overdraft is to temporarily finance the purchase of
Securities for prompt delivery in accordance with the terms hereof, to meet unanticipated or
unusual redemptions, to allow the settlement of foreign exchange contracts or to meet other
unanticipated Series expenses. The Custodian shall promptly notify the Series (an Overdraft
Notice) of any Overdraft. To secure payment of any Overdraft and related interest and expenses,
the Series hereby grants to the Custodian a first priority security interest in and right of setoff
against the Securities and cash in the Series account, including all income, substitutions and
proceeds, whether now owned or hereafter acquired (the Collateral), in the full amount of such
Overdraft, interest and expenses; provided that the Series does not grant the Custodian a security
interest in any Securities issued by an affiliate of the Custodian (as defined in Section 23A of
the Federal Reserve Act). The Custodian and the Series intend that, as the securities intermediary
with respect to the Collateral, the Custodians security interest shall automatically be perfected
when it attaches. Should the Series fail to pay promptly any amounts owed hereunder, the Custodian
shall be entitled to use available cash in the Series account and to liquidate Securities in the
account as necessary to meet the Series obligations relating to such Overdraft, interest and
expenses. In any such case, and without limiting the foregoing, the
Custodian shall be entitled to take such other actions(s) or exercise such other options, powers
and rights as the Custodian now or hereafter has as a secured creditor under the
[PA/MA]
Uniform
Commercial Code or any other applicable law.
9.
Tax Obligations
.
For purposes of this Agreement, Tax Obligations shall mean taxes,
withholding, certification and reporting requirements, claims for exemptions or refund, interest,
penalties, additions to tax and other related expenses. To the extent that the Custodian has
received relevant and necessary information with respect to the account, the Custodian shall
perform the following services with respect to Tax Obligations:
11
a. The Custodian shall file claims for exemptions or refunds with respect to withheld foreign
(non-U.S.) taxes in instances in which such claims are appropriate upon receipt of sufficient
information;
b. The Custodian shall withhold appropriate amounts, as required by U.S. tax laws, with
respect to amounts received on behalf of nonresident aliens upon receipt of Instructions; and
c. The Custodian shall provide to the Fund or the Authorized Person such information received
by the Custodian which could, in the Custodians reasonable belief, assist the Fund or the
Authorized Person in the submission of any reports or returns with respect to Tax Obligations. The
Fund shall inform the Custodian in writing as to which party or parties shall receive information
from the Custodian.
The Custodian shall provide such other services with respect to Tax Obligations, including
preparation and filing of tax returns and reports and payment of amounts due (to the extent
funded), as requested by the Fund and agreed to by the Custodian in writing. The Custodian shall
have no independent obligation to determine the existence of any information with respect to, or
the extent of, any Tax Obligations now or hereafter imposed on the Fund or the account by any
taxing authority. Except as specifically provided herein or agreed to in writing by the Custodian,
the Custodian shall have no obligations or liability with respect to Tax Obligations, including,
without limitation, any obligation to file or submit returns or reports with any taxing
authorities.
In making payments to service providers pursuant to Instructions, the Fund acknowledges that
the Custodian is acting as a paying agent and not as the payor, for tax information reporting and
withholding purposes.
ARTICLE II. FOREIGN CUSTODY MANAGER SERVICES
1.
Delegation
. The Board delegates to, and the Custodian hereby agrees to accept
responsibility as the Funds Foreign Custody Manager for selecting, contracting with and monitoring
Foreign Custodians in Selected Countries set forth in Appendix C in accordance with Rule 17f-5(c).
2.
Changes to Appendix C
.
Appendix C may be amended by written agreement from time to time
to add or delete jurisdictions by written agreement signed by an Authorized Person of the Fund and
the Custodian, but the Custodian reserves the right to delete jurisdictions upon reasonable notice
to the Series
.
3.
Reports to Board
.
Custodian shall provide written reports notifying the Board of the
placement of Assets with a particular Foreign Custodian and of any material change in a Series
foreign custody arrangements. Such reports shall be provided to the Board quarterly, except as
otherwise agreed by the Custodian and the Fund.
4.
Monitoring System
.
In each case in which the Custodian has exercised delegated
authority to place Assets with a Foreign Custodian, the Custodian shall
12
establish a system, to
re-assess or re-evaluate selected Foreign Custodians, at least annually in accordance with Rule
17f-5(c)(3).
5.
Standard of Care
.
In exercising the delegated authority under this Article II of the
Agreement, the Custodian agrees to exercise reasonable care, prudence and diligence such as a
person having responsibility for the safekeeping of the Assets would exercise in like
circumstances. Contracts with Foreign Custodians shall provide for reasonable care for Assets
based on the standards applicable to Foreign Custodians in the Selected Country. In making this
determination, the Custodian shall consider the provisions of Rule 17f-5(c)(2).
6.
Use of Securities Depositories.
In exercising its delegated authority, the Custodian
may assume that the Series and its investment adviser have determined, pursuant to Rule 17f-7, that
the depository provides reasonable safeguards against custody risks, if a Series decides to place
and maintain foreign assets with any Securities Depository as to which the Custodian has provided
the Fund on behalf of such Series with a Risk Analysis.
ARTICLE III. INFORMATION SERVICES
1.
Risk Analysis
. The Custodian will provide the Fund on behalf of the Series with a Risk
Analysis with respect to Securities Depositories operating in the countries listed in Appendix C.
If the Custodian is unable to provide a Risk Analysis with respect to a particular Securities
Depository, it will notify the Fund on behalf of the Series. If a new Securities Depository
commences operation in one of the Appendix C countries, the Custodian will provide the Fund on
behalf of the Series with a Risk Analysis in a reasonably practicable time after such Securities
Depository becomes operational. If a new country is added to Appendix C, the Custodian will
provide the Fund on behalf of the Series with a Risk Analysis with respect to each Securities
Depository in that country within a reasonably practicable time after the addition of the country
to Appendix C.
2.
Monitoring of Securities Depositories
. The Custodian will monitor the custody risks
associated with maintaining assets with each Securities Depository for which it has provided the
Fund on behalf of the Series with a Risk Analysis as required under Rule 17f-7. The Custodian will
promptly notify the Fund on behalf of the Series or its investment adviser of any material change
in these risks.
3.
Use of Agents
. The Custodian may employ agents, including, but not limited to Foreign
Custodians, to perform its responsibilities under Sections 1 and 2 above.
4.
Exercise of Reasonable Care
The Custodian will exercise reasonable care, prudence, and
diligence in performing its responsibilities under this Article III. With respect to the Risk
Analyses provided or monitoring performed by an agent, the Custodian will exercise reasonable care
in the selection of such agent, and shall be entitled to rely upon information provided by agents
so selected in the performance of its duties and responsibilities under this Article III.
13
5.
Liabilities and Warranties
. While the Custodian will take reasonable precautions to
ensure that information provided is accurate, the Custodian shall have no liability with respect to
information provided to it by third parties. Due to the nature and source of information, and the
necessity of relying on various information sources, most of which are external to the Custodian,
the Custodian shall have no liability for direct or indirect use of such information.
ARTICLE IV. GENERAL PROVISIONS
1.
Compensation
.
a. The Fund will compensate the Custodian for its services rendered under this Agreement in
accordance with the fees set forth in a separate Fee Schedule which schedule may be modified by the
Custodian upon not less than sixty days prior written notice to the Fund.
b. The Custodian will bill the Fund as soon as practicable after the end of each calendar
month. The Fund will promptly pay to the Custodian the amount of such billing.
c. If not paid directly or timely by the Fund, the Custodian may charge against assets held
on behalf of the Series compensation and any expenses incurred by the Custodian in the performance
of its duties pursuant to this Agreement. The Custodian shall also be entitled to charge against
assets of the Series the amount of any loss, damage, liability or expense incurred with respect to
the Series, including counsel fees, for which it shall be entitled to reimbursement under the
provisions of this Agreement. The expenses which the Custodian may charge include, but are not
limited to, the
expenses of domestic subcustodians and Foreign Custodians incurred in settling transactions.
2.
Insolvency of Foreign Custodians
. The Custodian shall be responsible for losses or
damages suffered by the Series arising as a result of the insolvency of a Foreign Custodian only to
the extent that the Custodian failed to comply with the standard of care set forth in Article II
with respect to the selection and monitoring of such Foreign Custodian.
3.
Liability for Depositories
.
The Custodian shall not be responsible for any losses
resulting from the deposit or maintenance of Securities, Assets or other property of the Series
with a Securities Depository.
4.
Damages.
Under no circumstances shall the Custodian be liable for any indirect,
consequential or special damages with respect to its role as Foreign Custody Manager, Custodian or
information vendor.
5.
Indemnification; Liability of the Series.
a. The Fund shall indemnify and hold the Custodian harmless from all liability
14
and costs,
including reasonable counsel fees and expenses, relating to or arising out of the performance of
the Custodians obligations under this Agreement except to the extent resulting from the
Custodians negligence or willful misconduct. This provision shall survive the termination of this
Agreement.
b. The Series and the Custodian agree that the obligations of the Fund under this Agreement
shall not be binding upon any of the trustees, shareholders, nominees, officers, employees or
agents, whether past, present or future, of the Series, individually, but are binding only upon the
assets and property of the Fund.
6.
Force Majeure.
Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary contained
herein, the Custodian shall not be responsible or liable for its failure to perform under this
Agreement or for any losses to the account resulting from any event beyond the reasonable control
of the Custodian, its agents or subcustodians. This provision shall survive the termination of
this Agreement
7.
Termination.
a. Either party may terminate this Agreement by giving the other party sixty (60) days notice
in writing, specifying the date of such termination. In the event notice is given by the Fund, it
shall be accompanied by a Certificate evidencing the vote of the Funds Board to terminate this
Agreement and designating a successor.
b. In the event notice of termination is given by the Custodian, the Fund shall, on or before
the termination date, deliver to the Custodian a Certificate evidencing
the vote of the Board designating a successor custodian. In the absence of such designation,
the Custodian may designate a successor custodian, which shall be a person qualified to so act
under the Act or the Series. If the Fund fails to designate a successor custodian, the Fund shall,
upon the date specified in the notice of termination, and upon the delivery by the Custodian of all
Securities and monies then owned by the Series, be deemed to be its own custodian and the Custodian
shall thereby be relieved of all duties and or the Series responsibilities under this Agreement
other than the duty with respect to Securities held in the Book-Entry System which cannot be
delivered to the Series.
c. Upon termination of the Agreement, the Custodian shall, upon receipt of a notice of
acceptance by the successor custodian, deliver to the successor all Securities and monies then held
by the Custodian on behalf of the Series, after deducting all fees, expenses and other amounts
owed.
d. In the event of a dispute following the termination of this Agreement, all relevant
provisions shall be deemed to continue to apply to the obligations and liabilities of the parties.
8.
Inspection of Books and Records
. The books and records of the Custodian directly
related to the Fund shall be open to inspection and audit at reasonable times by officers and
auditors employed by the Fund at its own expense and with prior written notice to the Custodian,
and by the appropriate employees of the Securities and Exchange
15
Commission.
9.
Miscellaneous.
a.
Appendix A
is a Certificate signed by the Secretary of the Fund setting forth the
names and the signatures of Authorized Persons. The Fund shall furnish a new Certificate when the
list of Authorized Persons is changed in any way. Until a new certification is received, the
Custodian shall be fully protected in acting upon Instructions from Authorized Persons as set forth
in the last delivered Certificate.
b.
Appendix B
is a Certificate signed by the Secretary of the Fund setting forth the
names and the signatures of the present officers of the Fund. The Fund agrees to furnish to the
Custodian a new Certificate when any changes are made. Until a new Certificate is received, the
Custodian shall be fully protected in relying upon the last delivered Certificate.
c. Any required written notice or other instrument shall be sufficiently given if addressed to
the Custodian or the Fund as the case may be and delivered to it at its offices at:
The Custodian:
[MELLON ADDRESS/MELLON TRUST ADDRESS]
or at such other place as the parties may from time to time designate to the other in writing.
d. This Agreement may not be amended or modified except by a written agreement executed by
both parties.
e. This Agreement shall extend to and shall be binding upon the parties hereto, and their
respective successors and assigns; provided, however, that this Agreement shall not be assignable
by the Fund without the written consent of the Custodian, or by the Custodian without the written
consent of the Fund authorized or approved by a vote of the Board, provided, however, that the
Custodian may assign the Agreement or any function thereof to any corporation or entity which
directly or indirectly is controlled by, or is under common control with, the Custodian and any
other attempted assignment without written consent shall be null and void.
16
f. Nothing in this Agreement shall give or be construed to give or confer upon any third party
any rights hereunder.
g. The Custodian represents that it is a U.S. Bank within the meaning of paragraph (a)(7) of
Rule 17f-5.
h. The Fund acknowledges and agrees that, except as expressly set forth in this Agreement, the
Fund is solely responsible to assure that the maintenance of the Series Securities and cash
hereunder complies with applicable laws and regulations, including without limitation the Act and
the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder and applicable interpretations thereof or
exemptions therefrom. The Fund represents that it has determined that it is reasonable to rely on
Custodian to perform the responsibilities delegated pursuant to this Agreement.
i. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with the laws of The Commonwealth of
[PA/MA]
.
j. The captions of the Agreement are included for convenience of reference only and in no way
define or delimit any of the provisions hereof or otherwise affect their construction or effect.
k. Each
party represents to the other that it has all necessary power and
authority, and has obtained any consent or approval necessary to permit it, to enter into and
perform this Agreement and that this Agreement does not violate, give rise to a default or right of
termination under or otherwise conflict with any applicable law, regulation, ruling, decree or
other governmental authorization or any contract to which it is a party or by which any of its
assets is bound. Each party represents and warrants that the individual executing this Agreement
on its behalf has the requisite authority to bind the Fund or the Custodian to this Agreement. The
Fund has received and read the Customer Identification Program Notice, a copy of which is
attached to this Agreement as Exhibit A.
l. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed
to be an original, but such counterparts shall, together, constitute only one instrument.
[Remainder of page intentionally left blank]
17
IN WITNESS WHEREOF
, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed by their
respective representatives duly authorized as of the day and year first above written.
B=
Name:
Title:
[MELLON BANK/MELLON TRUST]
Name:
Title:
18
APPENDIX A
LIST OF AUTHORIZED PERSONS
I,
, the Secretary of
, a [corporation/business
trust] organized under the laws of the [State of Maryland/Commonwealth of Massachusetts] (the
Fund), do hereby certify that:
The following individuals have been duly authorized as Authorized Persons to give Instructions
on behalf of the Fund and each Series thereof and the specimen signatures set forth opposite their
respective names are their true and correct signatures:
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By:
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Secretary
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Dated:
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APPENDIX B
FUND OFFICERS
I,
, the Secretary of
, a
[corporation/business trust] organized under the laws of the [State of Maryland/Commonwealth of
Massachusetts] (the Fund), do hereby certify that:
The following individuals serve in the following positions with the Series and each individual
has been duly elected or appointed to each such position and qualified therefor in conformity with
the Funds governing instrument and the specimen signatures set forth opposite their respective
names are their true and correct signatures:
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Chairman of the Board
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President
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Treasurer
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Secretary
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Vice President and Investment Officer
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Vice President and Investment Officer
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Dated:
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20
APPENDIX C
SELECTED COUNTRIES
[List]
*Note, Custodian will not act as a Foreign Custody Manager with respect to assets held in this
country. Holding assets and use of Mellons usual subcustodian in this country is subject to
Instructions by the Fund and its execution of a separate letter-agreement pertaining to custody and
market risks.
21
[USE ONLY FOR AFFILIATES]
APPENDIX D
SELF CUSTODY RIDER
Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement to the contrary, the following provisions
shall apply to this Agreement as being subject to Rule 17f-2 under the Act.
1.
Physical Separations of Securities
. Except as permitted by Rule 17f-2 or Rule 17f-4,
the Custodian shall hold all Securities deposited with it physically segregated at all times from
those of any other person.
2.
Access to Securities.
Except as otherwise provided by law, no person shall be
authorized or permitted to have access to the Securities deposited with the Custodian except
pursuant to a Board resolution. Each such resolution shall designate not more than five persons
who shall be either officers or responsible employees of the Fund and shall provide that access to
such investments shall be only by two or more such persons jointly, at least one of whom shall be
an officer; except that access to such investments shall be permitted (1) to properly authorized
officers and employees of the Custodian and (2) to the Funds independent public accountant jointly
with any two persons so designated or with such officer or employee of the Custodian.
3.
Deposits and Withdrawals
. Each person when depositing such securities or similar
investments in or withdrawing them from a Securities Depository or when ordering their withdrawal
and delivery from the safekeeping of the Custodian, shall comply with the requirements of Rule
17f-2(e).
4.
Examination
. The Fund shall comply with the requirements of Rule 17f-2(f) with regard
to examination by an independent public accountant.
Acknowledged:
22
EXHIBIT A
CUSTOMER IDENTIFICATION PROGRAM NOTICE
MELLON
CUSTOMER IDENTIFICATION PROGRAM NOTICE
IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT PROCEDURES FOR OPENING A NEW ACCOUNT
To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, all
financial institutions are required by law to obtain, verify and record information that identifies
each individual or entity that opens an account.
What this means for you: When you open an account, we will ask you for your name, address,
taxpayer or other government identification number and other information, such as date of birth for
individuals, that will allow us to identify you. We may also ask to see identification documents
such as a drivers license, passport or documents showing existence of the entity.
Rev. 09/03
23