FILE NOS. 333-160595 AND 811-22311
AS FILED WITH THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON OCTOBER 26, 2009
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
þ
Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2
Post-Effective Amendment No.
o
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
þ
Amendment No. 2
SCHWAB STRATEGIC TRUST
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
211 Main Street, San Francisco, California 94105
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip code)
(800) 648-5300
(Registrants Telephone Number, including Area Code)
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NAME AND ADDRESS OF AGENT FOR SERVICE:
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COPY TO:
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Shelley A. Harding, Esq.
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W. John McGuire, Esq.
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Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.
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Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP
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211 Main Street
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1111 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
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211MN-05-495
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Washington, D.C. 20004
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San Francisco, CA 94105
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Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering: As soon as practicable after the effective date of
this Registration Statement.
The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary
to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically
states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with
Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, or until the Registration Statement shall become
effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section
8(a), may determine.
Schwab U.S. ETFs
Prospectus
November 3, 2009
Schwab
U.S. Broad Market
ETF
tm
Schwab
U.S. Large-Cap
ETF
tm
Schwab
U.S. Large-Cap Growth
ETF
tm
Schwab
U.S. Large-Cap Value
ETF
tm
Schwab
U.S. Small-Cap
ETF
tm
As
with all exchange traded funds, the Securities and Exchange
Commission (SEC) has not approved these securities or passed on
whether the information in this prospectus is adequate and
accurate. Anyone who indicates otherwise is committing a federal
crime.
About the
funds
The funds described in this Prospectus are advised by Charles
Schwab Investment Management, Inc. (CSIM or the
Adviser). Each of the funds is an exchange
traded fund (ETF). ETFs are funds that trade
like other publicly-traded securities. The funds in this
prospectus are index funds and are designed to track the
performance of an index. Because the composition of an index
tends to be comparatively stable, index funds historically have
shown low portfolio turnover compared to actively managed funds.
This strategy distinguishes an index fund from an actively
managed fund. Instead of choosing investments for the fund
based on portfolio managements judgment, an index is used
to determine which securities the fund should own.
Unlike shares of a mutual fund, shares of the funds are listed
on a national securities exchange and trade at market prices
that change throughout the day. The market price for each of the
funds shares may be different from its net asset value per
share (NAV). The funds have their own CUSIP numbers
and trade on the NYSE Arca, Inc. under the following tickers:
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Schwab U.S. Broad Market
ETF
tm
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SCHB
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Schwab U.S. Large-Cap
ETF
tm
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SCHX
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Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Growth
ETF
tm
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SCHG
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Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Value
ETF
tm
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SCHV
|
Schwab U.S. Small-Cap
ETF
tm
|
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SCHA
|
The funds issue and redeem shares at their NAV only in large
blocks of shares, typically 50,000 shares or more
(Creation Units). These transactions are usually in
exchange for a basket of securities and an amount of cash. As a
practical matter, only institutions or large investors purchase
or redeem Creation Units. Except when aggregated in Creation
Units, shares of the funds are not redeemable securities.
A note to retail
investors
Shares can be purchased directly from the funds only in exchange
for a basket of securities that is expected to be worth several
million dollars. Most individual investors, therefore, will not
be able to purchase shares directly from the funds. Instead,
these investors will purchase shares in the secondary market
through a brokerage account or with the assistance of a broker.
Thus, some of the information contained in this
Prospectus such as information about purchasing and
redeeming shares from the funds and references to transaction
fees imposed on purchases and redemptions is not
relevant to most individual investors. Shares purchased or sold
through a brokerage account or with the assistance of a broker
may be subject to brokerage commissions and charges.
Except as explicitly described otherwise, the investment
objective, the benchmark index and the investment policies of
each of the funds may be changed without shareholder approval.
The funds performance will fluctuate over time and, as
with all investments, future performance may differ from past
performance.
Schwab U.S. Broad Market
ETF
tm
Investment
objective
The funds goal is to track as closely as possible, before
fees and expenses, the total return of the Dow Jones U.S. Broad
Stock Market
Index
sm
.
1
Index
The funds benchmark index includes the largest 2,500
publicly traded U.S. companies for which pricing information is
readily available.
The index is a float-adjusted market
capitalization weighted index that reflects the shares of
securities actually available to investors in the marketplace.
As of June 30, 2009, the index was composed of 2,493
stocks.
Strategy
To pursue its goal, the fund generally invests in stocks that
are included in the index.
It is the funds policy that
under normal circumstances it will invest at least 90% of its
net assets in these stocks. The fund will notify its
shareholders at least 60 days before changing this policy.
The fund will generally give the same weight to a given stock as
the index does. However, when the Adviser believes it is
appropriate to do so, such as to avoid purchasing odd-lots
(
i.e.
, purchasing less than the usual number of shares
traded for a security), for tax considerations, or to address
liquidity considerations with respect to a stock, the Adviser
may cause the funds weighting of a stock to be more or
less than the indexs weighting of the stock. The fund may
sell securities that are represented in the index in
anticipation of their removal from the index.
Under normal circumstances, the fund may invest up to 10% of its
net assets in securities not included in its index. The
principal types of these investments include those which the
Adviser believes will help the fund track the index, such as
investments in (a) securities that are not represented in
the index but the Adviser anticipates will be added to the index
or as necessary to reflect various corporate actions (such as
mergers and spin-offs), (b) other investment companies, and
(c) futures contracts, options on futures contracts,
options and swaps. The fund may also invest in cash and cash
equivalents, and may lend its securities to minimize the
difference in performance that naturally exists between an index
fund and its corresponding index.
Because it may not be possible or practicable to purchase all of
the stocks in the index, the Adviser may seek to track the total
return of the index by using statistical sampling techniques.
These techniques involve investing in a limited number of index
securities which, when taken together, are expected to perform
similarly to the index as a whole. These techniques are based on
a variety of factors, including performance attributes, tax
considerations, capitalization, dividend yield, price/earnings
ratio, industry factors, risk factors and other characteristics.
The fund generally expects that its portfolio will hold less
than the total number of securities in the index, but reserves
the right to hold as many securities as it believes necessary to
achieve the funds investment objective. The fund generally
expects that its industry weightings, dividend yield and
price/earnings ratio will be similar to those of the index.
The fund will concentrate its investments (
i.e.
, hold 25%
or more of its total assets) in a particular industry, group of
industries or sector to approximately the same extent that its
index is so concentrated. For purposes of this limitation,
securities of the U.S. government (including its agencies and
instrumentalities), and repurchase agreements collateralized by
U.S. government securities are not considered to be issued by
members of any industry.
The Adviser seeks to achieve, over time, a correlation between
the funds performance and that of its index, before fees
and expenses, of 95% or better. However, there can be no
guarantee that the fund will achieve a high degree of
correlation with the index. A number of factors may affect the
funds ability to achieve a high correlation with its
index, including the degree to which the fund utilizes a
sampling technique. The correlation between the performance of
the fund and its index
1
Index
ownership Dow Jones and The Dow
Jones U.S. Broad Stock Market
Index
sm
are trademarks of Dow Jones & Company, Inc. and have
been licensed for use for certain purposes by CSIM. Fees payable
under the license are paid by CSIM. The Schwab U.S. Broad Market
ETF, based on The Dow Jones U.S. Broad Stock Market
Index
sm
,
is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Dow Jones and
Dow Jones makes no representation regarding the advisability of
trading in such product.
2
Schwab U.S. Broad Market
ETF
tm
may also diverge due to transaction costs, asset valuations,
corporate actions (such as mergers and spin-offs), timing
variances, and differences between the funds portfolio and
the index resulting from legal restrictions (such as
diversification requirements) that apply to the fund but not to
the index.
Risks
Market Risk.
Stock markets rise and fall daily. As with
any investment whose performance is tied to these markets, the
value of your investment in the fund will fluctuate, which means
that you could lose money.
Investment Style Risk.
The fund is not actively managed.
Therefore, the fund follows the stocks included in the index
during upturns as well as downturns. Because of its indexing
strategy, the fund does not take steps to reduce market exposure
or to lessen the effects of a declining market. In addition,
because of the funds expenses, the funds performance
is normally below that of the index.
Equity Risk.
The prices of equity securities rise and
fall daily. These price movements may result from factors
affecting individual companies, industries or the securities
market as a whole. Individual companies may report poor results
or be negatively affected by industry
and/or
economic trends and developments. The prices of securities
issued by such companies may suffer a decline in response. In
addition, the equity market tends to move in cycles which may
cause stock prices to fall over short or extended periods of
time.
Large-Cap and Mid-Cap Risk.
Although the index
encompasses stocks from many different sectors of the economy,
its performance primarily reflects that of large- and mid-cap
segments of the U.S. stock market. Both large- and mid-cap
stocks tend to go in and out of favor based on market and
economic conditions. However, stocks of mid-cap companies tend
to be more volatile than those of large-cap companies because
mid-cap companies tend to be more susceptible to adverse
business or economic events than larger more established
companies. During a period when large- and mid-cap U.S. stocks
fall behind other types of investments bonds or
small-cap stocks, for instance the funds
performance also will lag those investments.
Small-Cap Risk.
Historically, small-cap stocks have been
riskier than large- and mid-cap stocks. Stock prices of smaller
companies may be based in substantial part on future
expectations rather than current achievements and may move
sharply, especially during market upturns and downturns.
Small-cap companies themselves may be more vulnerable to adverse
business or economic events than larger, more established
companies. During a period when small-cap stocks fall behind
other types of investments bonds or large-cap
stocks, for instance the funds performance
also will lag those investments.
Sampling Index Tracking Risk.
The fund does not fully
replicate the index and may hold securities not included in the
index. As a result, the fund is subject to the risk that the
Advisers investment management strategy, the
implementation of which is subject to a number of constraints,
may not produce the intended results. Because the fund utilizes
a sampling approach it may not track the return of the index as
well as it would if the fund purchased all of the equity
securities in the index.
Tracking Error Risk.
The funds return may not match
the return of the index. For example, differences between the
funds securities and those in the index, rounding of
prices, changes to the index and regulatory requirements may
cause tracking error, the divergence of the funds
performance from that of its index. The fund may not be able to
invest in certain securities in its benchmark index, or match
the securities weighting to the benchmark, due to
regulatory, operational or liquidity constraints, which may
result in tracking error. The fund may attempt to offset the
effects of not being invested in certain index securities by
making substitute investments, but these efforts may not be
successful. The fund also incurs fees and expenses while the
index does not, which may result in tracking error.
Derivatives Risk.
The principal types of derivatives used
by the fund are options, futures, options on futures and swaps.
An option is the right to buy or sell an instrument at a
specific price before a specific date. A future is an agreement
to buy or sell a financial instrument at a specific price on a
specific day. A swap is an agreement whereby two parties agree
to exchange payment streams calculated in relation to a rate,
index, instrument or certain securities and a predetermined
amount.
The funds use of derivative instruments involves risks
different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated
with investing directly in securities and other traditional
investments. Certain of these risks, such as leverage risk,
market risk and liquidity risk, are discussed elsewhere in this
section. The funds use of derivatives is also subject to
credit risk, liquidity risk, lack of availability risk,
valuation risk, correlation risk and tax risk. Credit risk is
the risk that the counterparty to a derivative transaction may
not fulfill its contractual obligations. Lack of availability
risk is the risk that suitable derivative transactions may not
be available in all circumstances for risk management or other
purposes. Valuation risk is the risk that a particular
derivative may be valued incorrectly. Correlation risk is the
risk that changes in the value
Schwab U.S. Broad Market
ETF
tm
3
of the derivative may not correlate perfectly with the
underlying asset, rate or index. Tax risk is the risk that the
use of derivatives may cause the fund to realize higher amounts
of short-term capital gain. These risks could cause the fund to
lose more than the principal amount invested.
Liquidity Risk.
A particular investment may be difficult
to purchase or sell. The fund may be unable to sell illiquid
securities at an advantageous time or price.
Leverage Risk.
Certain fund transactions, such as
derivatives, may give rise to a form of leverage and may expose
the fund to greater risk. Leverage tends to magnify the effect
of any decrease or increase in the value of the funds
portfolio securities. The use of leverage may cause the fund to
liquidate portfolio positions when it would not be advantageous
to do so in order to satisfy its obligations.
Securities Lending Risk.
The fund may lend its portfolio
securities to brokers, dealers, and other financial institutions
provided a number of conditions are satisfied, including that
the loan is fully collateralized. When the fund lends portfolio
securities, its investment performance will continue to reflect
changes in the value of the securities loaned, and the fund will
also receive a fee or interest on the collateral. Securities
lending involves the risk of loss of rights in the collateral or
delay in recover of the collateral if the borrower fails to
return the security loaned or becomes insolvent. The fund will
also bear the risk of any decline in value of securities
acquired with cash collateral. The fund may pay lending fees to
a party arranging the loan.
Concentration Risk.
To the extent that the funds or
the indexs portfolio is concentrated in the securities of
issuers in a particular market, industry, group of industries,
sector or asset class, the fund may be adversely affected by the
performance of those securities, may be subject to increased
price volatility and may be more susceptible to adverse
economic, market, political or regulatory occurrences affecting
that market, industry, group of industries, sector or asset
class.
Market Trading Risk.
Although fund shares are listed on
national securities exchanges, there can be no assurance that an
active trading market for fund shares will develop or be
maintained. If an active market is not maintained, investors may
find it difficult to buy or sell fund shares. Trading of shares
of the fund on a stock exchange may be halted if exchange
officials deem such action appropriate, if the fund is delisted,
or if the activation of marketwide circuit breakers
halts stock trading generally. If the funds shares are
delisted, the fund may seek to list its shares on another
market, merge with another ETF, or redeem its shares at NAV.
Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than
NAV.
As with all ETFs, fund shares may be bought and sold in
the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected
that the market price of the shares of the fund will approximate
the funds NAV, there may be times when the market price
and the NAV vary significantly. Thus, you may pay more than NAV
when you buy shares of the fund in the secondary market, and you
may receive less than NAV when you sell those shares in the
secondary market.
The market price of fund shares during the trading day, like the
price of any exchange-traded security, includes a
bid/ask spread charged by the exchange specialist,
market makers or other participants that trade the fund shares.
The bid/ask spread on ETF shares is likely to be larger on ETFs
that are traded less frequently. In addition, in times of severe
market disruption, the bid/ask spread can increase
significantly. At those times, fund shares are most likely to be
traded at a discount to NAV, and the discount is likely to be
greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may
be the time that you most want to sell your shares. The Adviser
believes that, under normal market conditions, large market
price discounts or premiums to NAV will not be sustained because
of arbitrage opportunities.
Lack of Governmental Insurance or Guarantee.
An
investment in the fund is not a bank deposit and it is not
insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation (FDIC) or any other government agency.
Performance
The fund is new and therefore does not have a performance
history. Once the fund has completed a full calendar year of
operations a bar chart and table will be included that will
provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by
showing the variability of the funds returns and comparing
the funds performance to the index.
4
Schwab U.S. Broad Market
ETF
tm
Fund fees and
expenses
The following table describes what you could expect to pay as a
fund investor. Shareholder fees are charged to you
directly by the fund. Annual operating expenses are
paid out of fund assets, so their effect is included in the
funds total return. You may also incur customary brokerage
charges when buying or selling fund shares.
Fee
table
(%)
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Shares
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Shareholder fees*
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None
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Annual operating expenses**
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Management fees
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0.08
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Distribution (12b-1) fees***
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0.00
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Other expenses****
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None
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Total annual operating expenses
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0.08
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*
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Fees paid directly
from your investment, but the fund may impose creation and
redemption transaction fees to offset transaction costs
associated with the issuance and redemption of Creation Units. A
standard transaction fee of $1,500 is charged in connection with
the creation or redemption of a Creation Unit on the day of the
transaction. Cash purchases and redemptions of Creation Units
are subject to an additional variable charge of up to four times
the Additional Creation/Redemption Transaction Fee. See the
Creation and redemption transaction fees for creation
units section further in this prospectus.
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**
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Expressed as a
percentage of average net assets.
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***
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The fund has adopted
a Distribution and Shareholder Services (12b-1) Plan pursuant to
which the fund is subject to an annual 12b-1 fee of up to 0.25%
of its average daily net assets. However, the Board has
determined that no such fees will be charged prior to
November 14, 2011 (more than 12 months from the
commencement of the funds operations).
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****
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The funds
Investment Advisory Agreement provides that the Adviser will pay
the operating expenses of the fund, excluding interest expense,
taxes, any brokerage expenses, future distribution fees or
expenses (i.e., 12b-1 fees) and extraordinary or non-routine
expenses.
|
Example
Designed to help you compare expenses, the example below uses
the same assumptions as other fund prospectuses: a $10,000
investment, 5% return each year and that the funds
operating expenses remain the same. The expenses would be the
same whether you stayed in the fund or sold your shares at the
end of each period. Your actual costs may be higher or lower.
Schwab U.S. Broad Market
ETF
tm
5
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap
ETF
tm
Investment
objective
The funds goal is to track as closely as possible, before
fees and expenses, the total return of the Dow Jones U.S.
Large-Cap Total Stock Market
Index
sm
.
2
Index
The funds benchmark index includes the large-cap
portion of the Dow Jones U.S. Total Stock Market
Index
sm
actually available to investors in the marketplace.
The Dow
Jones U.S. Large-Cap Total Stock Market
Index
sm
includes the components ranked 1-750 by full market
capitalization. The index is a float-adjusted market
capitalization weighted index. As of June 30, 2009, the
index was composed of 743 stocks.
Strategy
To pursue its goal, the fund generally invests in stocks that
are included in the index.
It is the funds policy that
under normal circumstances it will invest at least 90% of its
net assets in these stocks. The fund will notify its
shareholders at least 60 days before changing this policy.
The fund will generally give the same weight to a given stock as
the index does. However, when the Adviser believes it is
appropriate to do so, such as to avoid purchasing odd-lots
(
i.e.
, purchasing less than the usual number of shares
traded for a security), for tax considerations, or to address
liquidity considerations with respect to a stock, the Adviser
may cause the funds weighting of a stock to be more or
less than the indexs weighting of the stock. The fund may
sell securities that are represented in the index in
anticipation of their removal from the index.
Under normal circumstances, the fund may invest up to 10% of its
net assets in securities not included in its index. The
principal types of these investments include those which the
Adviser believes will help the fund track the index, such as
investments in (a) securities that are not represented in
the index but the Adviser anticipates will be added to the index
or as necessary to reflect various corporate actions (such as
mergers and spin-offs), (b) other investment companies, and
(c) futures contracts, options on futures contracts,
options and swaps. The fund may also invest in cash and cash
equivalents, and may lend its securities to minimize the
difference in performance that naturally exists between an index
fund and its corresponding index.
The fund will concentrate its investments (
i.e.
, hold 25%
or more of its total assets) in a particular industry, group of
industries or sector to approximately the same extent that its
index is so concentrated. For purposes of this limitation,
securities of the U.S. government (including its agencies and
instrumentalities), and repurchase agreements collateralized by
U.S. government securities are not considered to be issued by
members of any industry.
The Adviser seeks to achieve, over time, a correlation between
the funds performance and that of its index, before fees
and expenses, of 95% or better. However, there can be no
guarantee that the fund will achieve a high degree of
correlation with the index. A number of factors may affect the
funds ability to achieve a high correlation with its
index, including the degree to which the fund utilizes a
sampling technique. The correlation between the performance of
the fund and its index may also diverge due to transaction
costs, asset valuations, corporate actions (such as mergers and
spin-offs), timing variances, and differences between the
funds portfolio and the index resulting from legal
restrictions (such as diversification requirements) that apply
to the fund but not to the index.
Risks
Market Risk.
Stock markets rise and fall daily. As with
any investment whose performance is tied to these markets, the
value of your investment in the fund will fluctuate, which means
that you could lose money.
2
Index
ownership Dow Jones and The Dow
Jones U.S. Large-Cap Total Stock Market
Index
sm
are trademarks of Dow Jones & Company, Inc. and have
been licensed for use for certain purposes by CSIM. Fees payable
under the license are paid by CSIM. The Schwab U.S. Large-Cap
ETF, based on The Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap Total Stock Market
Index
sm
,
is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Dow Jones and
Dow Jones makes no representation regarding the advisability of
trading in such product.
6
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap
ETF
tm
Investment Style Risk.
The fund is not actively managed.
Therefore, the fund follows the stocks included in the index
during upturns as well as downturns. Because of its indexing
strategy, the fund does not take steps to reduce market exposure
or to lessen the effects of a declining market. In addition,
because of the funds expenses, the funds performance
is normally below that of the index.
Equity Risk.
The prices of equity securities rise and
fall daily. These price movements may result from factors
affecting individual companies, industries or the securities
market as a whole. Individual companies may report poor results
or be negatively affected by industry
and/or
economic trends and developments. The prices of securities
issued by such companies may suffer a decline in response. In
addition, the equity market tends to move in cycles which may
cause stock prices to fall over short or extended periods of
time.
Large-Cap Risk.
The indexs performance primarily
reflects that of the large-cap segment of the U.S. stock market.
Large-cap stocks tend to go in and out of favor based on market
and economic conditions. During a period when large-cap U.S.
stocks fall behind other types of investments bonds
or small-cap stocks, for instance the funds
performance also will lag those investments.
Tracking Error Risk.
The funds return may not match
the return of the index. For example, differences between the
funds securities and those in the index, rounding of
prices, changes to the index and regulatory requirements may
cause tracking error, the divergence of the funds
performance from that of its index. The fund may not be able to
invest in certain securities in its benchmark index, or match
the securities weighting to the benchmark, due to
regulatory, operational or liquidity constraints, which may
result in tracking error. The fund may attempt to offset the
effects of not being invested in certain index securities by
making substitute investments, but these efforts may not be
successful. The fund also incurs fees and expenses while the
index does not, which may result in tracking error.
Derivatives Risk.
The principal types of derivatives used
by the fund are options, futures, options on futures and swaps.
An option is the right to buy or sell an instrument at a
specific price before a specific date. A future is an agreement
to buy or sell a financial instrument at a specific price on a
specific day. A swap is an agreement whereby two parties agree
to exchange payment streams calculated in relation to a rate,
index, instrument or certain securities and a predetermined
amount.
The funds use of derivative instruments involves risks
different from or possibly greater than, the risks associated
with investing directly in securities and other traditional
investments. Certain of these risks, such as leverage risk,
market risk and liquidity risk, are discussed elsewhere in this
section. The funds use of derivatives is also subject to
credit risk, liquidity risk, lack of availability risk,
valuation risk, correlation risk and tax risk. Credit risk is
the risk that the counterparty to a derivative transaction may
not fulfill its contractual obligations. Lack of availability
risk is the risk that suitable derivative transactions may not
be available in all circumstances for risk management or other
purposes. Valuation risk is the risk that a particular
derivative may be valued incorrectly. Correlation risk is the
risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not
correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index.
Tax risk is the risk that the use of derivatives may cause the
fund to realize higher amounts of short-term capital gain. These
risks could cause the fund to lose more than the principal
amount invested.
Liquidity Risk.
A particular investment may be difficult
to purchase or sell. The fund may be unable to sell illiquid
securities at an advantageous time or price.
Leverage Risk.
Certain fund transactions, such as
derivatives, may give rise to a form of leverage and may expose
the fund to greater risk. Leverage tends to magnify the effect
of any decrease or increase in the value of the funds
portfolio securities. The use of leverage may cause the fund to
liquidate portfolio positions when it would not be advantageous
to do so in order to satisfy its obligations.
Securities Lending Risk.
The fund may lend its portfolio
securities to brokers, dealers, and other financial institutions
provided a number of conditions are satisfied, including that
the loan is fully collateralized. When the fund lends portfolio
securities, its investment performance will continue to reflect
changes in the value of the securities loaned, and the fund will
also receive a fee or interest on the collateral. Securities
lending involves the risk of loss of rights in the collateral or
delay in recover of the collateral if the borrower fails to
return the security loaned or becomes insolvent. The fund will
also bear the risk of any decline in value of securities
acquired with cash collateral. The fund may pay lending fees to
a party arranging the loan.
Concentration Risk.
To the extent that the funds or
the indexs portfolio is concentrated in the securities of
issuers in a particular market, industry, group of industries,
sector or asset class, the fund may be adversely affected by the
performance of those securities, may be subject to increased
price volatility and may be more susceptible to adverse
economic, market, political or regulatory occurrences affecting
that market, industry, group of industries, sector or asset
class.
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap
ETF
tm
7
Market Trading Risk.
Although fund shares are listed on
national securities exchanges, there can be no assurance that an
active trading market for fund shares will develop or be
maintained. If an active market is not maintained, investors may
find it difficult to buy or sell fund shares. Trading of shares
of the fund on a stock exchange may be halted if exchange
officials deem such action appropriate, if the fund is delisted,
or if the activation of marketwide circuit breakers
halts stock trading generally. If the funds shares are
delisted, the fund may seek to list its shares on another
market, merge with another ETF, or redeem its shares at NAV.
Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV.
As with all ETFs, fund shares may be bought and sold in the
secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected that
the market price of the shares of the fund will approximate the
funds NAV, there may be times when the market price and
the NAV vary significantly. Thus, you may pay more than NAV when
you buy shares of the fund in the secondary market, and you may
receive less than NAV when you sell those shares in the
secondary market.
The market price of fund shares during the trading day, like the
price of any exchange-traded security, includes a
bid/ask spread charged by the exchange specialist,
market makers or other participants that trade the fund shares.
The bid/ask spread on ETF shares is likely to be larger on ETFs
that are traded less frequently. In addition, in times of severe
market disruption, the bid/ask spread can increase
significantly. At those times, fund shares are most likely to be
traded at a discount to NAV, and the discount is likely to be
greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may
be the time that you most want to sell your shares. The Adviser
believes that, under normal market conditions, large market
price discounts or premiums to NAV will not be sustained because
of arbitrage opportunities.
Lack of Governmental Insurance or Guarantee.
An
investment in the fund is not a bank deposit and it is not
insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation or any other government agency.
Performance
The fund is new and therefore does not have a performance
history. Once the fund has completed a full calendar year of
operations a bar chart and table will be included that will
provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by
showing the variability of the funds returns and comparing
the funds performance to the index.
Fund fees and
expenses
The following table describes what you could expect to pay as a
fund investor. Shareholder Fees are charged to you
directly by the fund. Annual Operating Expenses are
paid out of fund assets, so their effect is included in the
funds total return. You may also incur customary brokerage
charges when buying or selling fund shares.
Fee
table
(%)
|
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
Shareholder fees*
|
|
None
|
|
Annual operating expenses**
|
|
|
|
Management fees
|
|
0.08
|
Distribution (12b-1) fees***
|
|
0.00
|
Other expenses****
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Total annual operating expenses
|
|
0.08
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Fees paid directly
from your investment, but the fund may impose creation and
redemption transaction fees to offset transaction costs
associated with the issuance and redemption of Creation Units. A
standard transaction fee of $500 is charged in connection with
the creation or redemption of a Creation Unit on the day of the
transaction. Cash purchases and redemptions of Creation Units
are subject to an additional variable charge of up to four times
the Additional Creation/Redemption Transaction Fee. See the
Creation and Redemption Transaction Fees for Creation
Units section further in this prospectus.
|
|
|
**
|
Expressed as a
percentage of average net assets.
|
|
|
***
|
The fund has adopted
a Distribution and Shareholder Services (12b-1) Plan pursuant to
which the fund is subject to an annual 12b-1 fee of up to 0.25%
of its average daily net assets. However, the Board has
determined that no such fees will be charged prior to
November 14, 2011 (more than 12 months from the
commencement of the funds operations).
|
|
|
****
|
The funds
Investment Advisory Agreement provides that the Adviser will pay
the operating expenses of the fund, excluding interest expense,
taxes, any brokerage expenses, future distribution fees or
expenses (i.e., 12b-1 fees) and extraordinary or non-routine
expenses.
|
8
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap
ETF
tm
Example
Designed to help you compare expenses, the example below uses
the same assumptions as other fund prospectuses: a $10,000
investment, 5% return each year and that the funds
operating expenses remain the same. The expenses would be the
same whether you stayed in the fund or sold your shares at the
end of each period. Your actual costs may be higher or lower.
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap
ETF
tm
9
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Growth
ETF
tm
Investment
objective
The funds goal is to track as closely as possible, before
fees and expenses, the total return of the Dow Jones U.S.
Large-Cap Growth Total Stock Market
Index
sm
.
3
Index
The funds benchmark index includes the large-cap growth
portion of the Dow Jones U.S. Total Stock Market
Index
sm
actually available to investors in the marketplace.
The Dow
Jones U.S. Large-Cap Growth Total Stock Market
Index
sm
includes the components ranked 1-750 by full market
capitalization and that are classified as growth
based on a number of factors. The index is a float-adjusted
market capitalization weighted index. As of
June 30, 2009, the index was composed of 433 stocks.
Strategy
To pursue its goal, the fund generally invests in stocks that
are included in the index.
It is the funds policy that
under normal circumstances it will invest at least 90% of its
net assets in these stocks. The fund will notify its
shareholders at least 60 days before changing this policy.
The fund will generally give the same weight to a given stock as
the index does. However, when the Adviser believes it is
appropriate to do so, such as to avoid purchasing odd-lots
(
i.e.
, purchasing less than the usual number of shares
traded for a security), for tax considerations, or to address
liquidity considerations with respect to a stock, the Adviser
may cause the funds weighting of a stock to be more or
less than the indexs weighting of the stock. The fund may
sell securities that are represented in the index in
anticipation of their removal from the index.
Under normal circumstances, the fund may invest up to 10% of its
net assets in securities not included in its index. The
principal types of these investments include those which the
Adviser believes will help the fund track the index, such as
investments in (a) securities that are not represented in
the index but the Adviser anticipates will be added to the index
or as necessary to reflect various corporate actions (such as
mergers and spin-offs), (b) other investment companies, and
(c) futures contracts, options on futures contracts,
options and swaps. The fund may also invest in cash and cash
equivalents, and may lend its securities to minimize the
difference in performance that naturally exists between an index
fund and its corresponding index.
The fund will concentrate its investments (
i.e.
, hold 25%
or more of its total assets) in a particular industry, group of
industries or sector to approximately the same extent that its
index is so concentrated. For purposes of this limitation,
securities of the U.S. government (including its agencies and
instrumentalities), and repurchase agreements collateralized by
U.S. government securities are not considered to be issued by
members of any industry.
The Adviser seeks to achieve, over time, a correlation between
the funds performance and that of its index, before fees
and expenses, of 95% or better. However, there can be no
guarantee that the fund will achieve a high degree of
correlation with the index. A number of factors may affect the
funds ability to achieve a high correlation with its
index, including the degree to which the fund utilizes a
sampling technique. The correlation between the performance of
the fund and its index may also diverge due to transaction
costs, asset valuations, corporate actions (such as mergers and
spin-offs), timing variances, and differences between the
funds portfolio and the index resulting from legal
restrictions (such as diversification requirements) that apply
to the fund but not to the index.
3
Index
ownership Dow Jones and The Dow
Jones U.S. Large-Cap Growth Total Stock Market
Index
sm
are trademarks of Dow Jones & Company, Inc. and have
been licensed for use for certain purposes by CSIM. Fees payable
under the license are paid by CSIM. The Schwab U.S. Large-Cap
Growth ETF, based on The Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap Growth Total
Stock Market
Index
sm
,
is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Dow Jones and
Dow Jones makes no representation regarding the advisability of
trading in such product.
10
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap
Growth
ETF
tm
Risks
Market Risk.
Stock markets rise and fall daily. As with
any investment whose performance is tied to these markets, the
value of your investment in the fund will fluctuate, which means
that you could lose money.
Investment Style Risk.
The fund is not actively managed.
Therefore, the fund follows the stocks included in the index
during upturns as well as downturns. Because of its indexing
strategy, the fund does not take steps to reduce market exposure
or to lessen the effects of a declining market. In addition,
because of the funds expenses, the funds performance
is normally below that of the index.
Equity Risk.
The prices of equity securities rise and
fall daily. These price movements may result from factors
affecting individual companies, industries or the securities
market as a whole. Individual companies may report poor results
or be negatively affected by industry
and/or
economic trends and developments. The prices of securities
issued by such companies may suffer a decline in response. In
addition, the equity market tends to move in cycles which may
cause stock prices to fall over short or extended periods of
time.
Large-Cap Risk.
The indexs performance primarily
reflects that of the large-cap segment of the U.S. stock market.
Large-cap stocks tend to go in and out of favor based on market
and economic conditions. During a period when large-cap U.S.
stocks fall behind other types of investments bonds
or small-cap stocks, for instance the funds
performance also will lag those investments.
Growth Risk.
The fund emphasizes a growth
style of investing. The market values of growth stocks may be
more volatile than other types of investments. Prices of growth
stocks tend to reflect future expectations, and when those
expectations are not met or change, share prices generally fall.
The returns on growth securities may not move in
tandem with the returns on other styles of investing or the
stock market in general.
Tracking Error Risk.
The funds return may not match
the return of the index. For example, differences between the
funds securities and those in the index, rounding of
prices, changes to the index and regulatory requirements may
cause tracking error, the divergence of the funds
performance from that of its index. The fund may not be able to
invest in certain securities in its benchmark index, or match
the securities weighting to the benchmark, due to
regulatory, operational or liquidity constraints, which may
result in tracking error. The fund may attempt to offset the
effects of not being invested in certain index securities by
making substitute investments, but these efforts may not be
successful. The fund also incurs fees and expenses while the
index does not, which may result in tracking error.
Derivatives Risk.
The principal types of derivatives used
by the fund are options, futures, options on futures and swaps.
An option is the right to buy or sell an instrument at a
specific price before a specific date. A future is an agreement
to buy or sell a financial instrument at a specific price on a
specific day. A swap is an agreement whereby two parties agree
to exchange payment streams calculated in relation to a rate,
index, instrument or certain securities and a predetermined
amount.
The funds use of derivative instruments involves risks
different from or possibly greater than, the risks associated
with investing directly in securities and other traditional
investments. Certain of these risks, such as leverage risk,
market risk and liquidity risk, are discussed elsewhere in this
section. The funds use of derivatives is also subject to
credit risk, liquidity risk, lack of availability risk,
valuation risk, correlation risk and tax risk. Credit risk is
the risk that the counterparty to a derivative transaction may
not fulfill its contractual obligations. Lack of availability
risk is the risk that suitable derivative transactions may not
be available in all circumstances for risk management or other
purposes. Valuation risk is the risk that a particular
derivative may be valued incorrectly. Correlation risk is the
risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not
correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index.
Tax risk is the risk that the use of derivatives may cause the
fund to realize higher amounts of short-term capital gain. These
risks could cause the fund to lose more than the principal
amount invested.
Liquidity Risk.
A particular investment may be difficult
to purchase or sell. The fund may be unable to sell illiquid
securities at an advantageous time or price.
Leverage Risk.
Certain fund transactions, such as
derivatives, may give rise to a form of leverage and may expose
the fund to greater risk. Leverage tends to magnify the effect
of any decrease or increase in the value of the funds
portfolio securities. The use of leverage may cause the fund to
liquidate portfolio positions when it would not be advantageous
to do so in order to satisfy its obligations.
Securities Lending Risk.
The fund may lend its portfolio
securities to brokers, dealers, and other financial institutions
provided a number of conditions are satisfied, including that
the loan is fully collateralized. When the fund lends portfolio
securities, its investment performance will continue to reflect
changes in the value of the securities loaned, and the fund will
also receive a fee or interest on the collateral. Securities
lending involves the risk of loss of rights in the collateral or
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Growth
ETF
tm
11
delay in recover of the collateral if the borrower fails to
return the security loaned or becomes insolvent. The fund will
also bear the risk of any decline in value of securities
acquired with cash collateral. The fund may pay lending fees to
a party arranging the loan.
Concentration Risk.
To the extent that the funds or
the indexs portfolio is concentrated in the securities of
issuers in a particular market, industry, group of industries,
sector or asset class, the fund may be adversely affected by the
performance of those securities, may be subject to increased
price volatility and may be more susceptible to adverse
economic, market, political or regulatory occurrences affecting
that market, industry, group of industries, sector or asset
class.
Market Trading Risk.
Although fund shares are listed on
national securities exchanges, there can be no assurance that an
active trading market for fund shares will develop or be
maintained. If an active market is not maintained, investors may
find it difficult to buy or sell fund shares. Trading of shares
of the fund on a stock exchange may be halted if exchange
officials deem such action appropriate, if the fund is delisted,
or if the activation of marketwide circuit breakers
halts stock trading generally. If the funds shares are
delisted, the fund may seek to list its shares on another
market, merge with another ETF, or redeem its shares at NAV.
Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than
NAV.
As with all ETFs, fund shares may be bought and sold in
the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected
that the market price of the shares of the fund will approximate
the funds NAV, there may be times when the market price
and the NAV vary significantly. Thus, you may pay more than NAV
when you buy shares of the fund in the secondary market, and you
may receive less than NAV when you sell those shares in the
secondary market.
The market price of fund shares during the trading day, like the
price of any exchange-traded security, includes a
bid/ask spread charged by the exchange specialist,
market makers or other participants that trade the fund shares.
The bid/ask spread on ETF shares is likely to be larger on ETFs
that are traded less frequently. In addition, in times of severe
market disruption, the bid/ask spread can increase
significantly. At those times, fund shares are most likely to be
traded at a discount to NAV, and the discount is likely to be
greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may
be the time that you most want to sell your shares. The Adviser
believes that, under normal market conditions, large market
price discounts or premiums to NAV will not be sustained because
of arbitrage opportunities.
Lack of Governmental Insurance or Guarantee.
An
investment in the fund is not a bank deposit and it is not
insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation or any other government agency.
Performance
The fund is new and therefore does not have a performance
history. Once the fund has completed a full calendar year of
operations a bar chart and table will be included that will
provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by
showing the variability of the funds returns and comparing
the funds performance to the index.
12
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap
Growth
ETF
tm
Fund fees and
expenses
The following table describes what you could expect to pay as a
fund investor. Shareholder fees are charged to you
directly by the fund. Annual operating expenses are
paid out of fund assets, so their effect is included in the
funds total return. You may also incur customary brokerage
charges when buying or selling fund shares.
Fee
table
(%)
|
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
Shareholder fees*
|
|
None
|
|
Annual operating expenses**
|
|
|
|
Management fees
|
|
0.15
|
Distribution (12b-1) fees***
|
|
0.00
|
Other expenses****
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Total annual operating expenses
|
|
0.15
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Fees paid directly
from your investment, but the fund may impose creation and
redemption transaction fees to offset transaction costs
associated with the issuance and redemption of Creation Units. A
standard transaction fee of $500 is charged in connection with
the creation or redemption of a Creation Unit on the day of the
transaction. Cash purchases and redemptions of Creation Units
are subject to an additional variable charge of up to four times
the Additional Creation/Redemption Transaction Fee. See the
Creation and redemption transaction fees for creation
units section further in this prospectus.
|
|
|
**
|
Expressed as a
percentage of average net assets.
|
***
|
The fund has adopted
a Distribution and Shareholder Services (12b-1) Plan pursuant to
which the fund is subject to an annual 12b-1 fee of up to 0.25%
of its average daily net assets. However, the Board has
determined that no such fees will be charged prior to
November 14, 2011 (more than 12 months from the
commencement of the funds operations).
|
****
|
The funds
Investment Advisory Agreement provides that the Adviser will pay
the operating expenses of the fund, excluding interest expense,
taxes, any brokerage expenses, future distribution fees or
expenses (i.e., 12b-1 fees) and extraordinary or non-routine
expenses.
|
Example
Designed to help you compare expenses, the example below uses
the same assumptions as other fund prospectuses: a $10,000
investment, 5% return each year and that the funds
operating expenses remain the same. The expenses would be the
same whether you stayed in the fund or sold your shares at the
end of each period. Your actual costs may be higher or lower.
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Growth
ETF
tm
13
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Value
ETF
tm
Investment
objective
The funds goal is to track as closely as possible, before
fees and expenses, the total return of the Dow Jones U.S.
Large-Cap Value Total Stock Market
Index
SM
.
4
Index
The funds benchmark index includes the large-cap value
portion of the Dow Jones U.S. Total Stock Market
Index
SM
actually
available to investors in the marketplace.
The Dow Jones
U.S. Large-Cap Value Total Stock Market
Index
SM
includes the components ranked 1-750 by full market
capitalization and that are classified as value
based on a number of factors. The index is a float-adjusted
market capitalization weighted index. As of
June 30, 2009, the index was composed of 310 stocks.
Strategy
To pursue its goal, the fund generally invests in stocks that
are included in the index.
It is the funds policy that
under normal circumstances it will invest at least 90% of its
net assets in these stocks. The fund will notify its
shareholders at least 60 days before changing this policy.
The fund will generally give the same weight to a given stock as
the index does. However, when the Adviser believes it is
appropriate to do so, such as to avoid purchasing odd-lots
(
i.e.
, purchasing less than the usual number of shares
traded for a security), for tax considerations, or to address
liquidity considerations with respect to a stock, the Adviser
may cause the funds weighting of a stock to be more or
less than the indexs weighting of the stock. The fund may
sell securities that are represented in the index in
anticipation of their removal from the index.
Under normal circumstances, the fund may invest up to 10% of its
net assets in securities not included in its index. The
principal types of these investments include those which the
Adviser believes will help the fund track the index, such as
investments in (a) securities that are not represented in
the index but the Adviser anticipates will be added to the index
or as necessary to reflect various corporate actions (such as
mergers and spin-offs), (b) other investment companies, and
(c) futures contracts, options on futures contracts,
options and swaps. The fund may also invest in cash and cash
equivalents, and may lend its securities to minimize the
difference in performance that naturally exists between an index
fund and its corresponding index.
The fund will concentrate its investments (
i.e.
, hold 25%
or more of its total assets) in a particular industry, group of
industries or sector to approximately the same extent that its
index is so concentrated. For purposes of this limitation,
securities of the U.S. government (including its agencies and
instrumentalities), and repurchase agreements collateralized by
U.S. government securities are not considered to be issued by
members of any industry.
The Adviser seeks to achieve, over time, a correlation between
the funds performance and that of its index, before fees
and expenses, of 95% or better. However, there can be no
guarantee that the fund will achieve a high degree of
correlation with the index. A number of factors may affect the
funds ability to achieve a high correlation with its
index, including the degree to which the fund utilizes a
sampling technique. The correlation between the performance of
the fund and its index may also diverge due to transaction
costs, asset valuations, corporate actions (such as mergers and
spin-offs), timing variances, and differences between the
funds portfolio and the index resulting from legal
restrictions (such as diversification requirements) that apply
to the fund but not to the index.
4
Index
ownership Dow Jones and The Dow
Jones U.S. Large-Cap Value Total Stock Market
Index
sm
are trademarks of Dow Jones & Company, Inc. and have
been licensed for use for certain purposes by CSIM. Fees payable
under the license are paid by CSIM. The Schwab U.S. Large-Cap
Value ETF, based on The Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap Value Total
Stock Market
Index
sm
,
is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Dow Jones and
Dow Jones makes no representation regarding the advisability of
trading in such product.
14
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Value
ETF
tm
Risks
Market Risk.
Stock markets rise and fall daily. As with
any investment whose performance is tied to these markets, the
value of your investment in the fund will fluctuate, which means
that you could lose money.
Investment Style Risk.
The fund is not actively managed.
Therefore, the fund follows the stocks included in the index
during upturns as well as downturns. Because of its indexing
strategy, the fund does not take steps to reduce market exposure
or to lessen the effects of a declining market. In addition,
because of the funds expenses, the funds performance
is normally below that of the index.
Equity Risk.
The prices of equity securities rise and
fall daily. These price movements may result from factors
affecting individual companies, industries or the securities
market as a whole. Individual companies may report poor results
or be negatively affected by industry
and/or
economic trends and developments. The prices of securities
issued by such companies may suffer a decline in response. In
addition, the equity market tends to move in cycles which may
cause stock prices to fall over short or extended periods of
time.
Large-Cap Risk.
The indexs performance primarily
reflects that of the large-cap segment of the U.S. stock market.
Large-cap stocks tend to go in and out of favor based on market
and economic conditions. During a period when large-cap U.S.
stocks fall behind other types of investments bonds
or small-cap stocks, for instance the funds
performance also will lag those investments.
Value Risk.
The fund emphasizes a value style
of investing, which targets undervalued companies with
characteristics for improved valuations. This style of investing
is subject to the risk that the valuations never improve or that
the returns on value securities may not move in
tandem with the returns on other styles of investing or the
stock market in general.
Tracking Error Risk.
The funds return may not match
the return of the index. For example, differences between the
funds securities and those in the index, rounding of
prices, changes to the index and regulatory requirements may
cause tracking error, the divergence of the funds
performance from that of its index. The fund may not be able to
invest in certain securities in its benchmark index, or match
the securities weighting to the benchmark, due to
regulatory, operational or liquidity constraints, which may
result in tracking error. The fund may attempt to offset the
effects of not being invested in certain index securities by
making substitute investments, but these efforts may not be
successful. The fund also incurs fees and expenses while the
index does not, which may result in tracking error.
Derivatives Risk.
The principal types of derivatives used
by the fund are options, futures, options on futures and swaps.
An option is the right to buy or sell an instrument at a
specific price before a specific date. A future is an agreement
to buy or sell a financial instrument at a specific price on a
specific day. A swap is an agreement whereby two parties agree
to exchange payment streams calculated in relation to a rate,
index, instrument or certain securities and a predetermined
amount.
The funds use of derivative instruments involves risks
different from or possibly greater than, the risks associated
with investing directly in securities and other traditional
investments. Certain of these risks, such as leverage risk,
market risk and liquidity risk, are discussed elsewhere in this
section. The funds use of derivatives is also subject to
credit risk, liquidity risk, lack of availability risk,
valuation risk, correlation risk and tax risk. Credit risk is
the risk that the counterparty to a derivative transaction may
not fulfill its contractual obligations. Lack of availability
risk is the risk that suitable derivative transactions may not
be available in all circumstances for risk management or other
purposes. Valuation risk is the risk that a particular
derivative may be valued incorrectly. Correlation risk is the
risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not
correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index.
Tax risk is the risk that the use of derivatives may cause the
fund to realize higher amounts of short-term capital gain. These
risks could cause the fund to lose more than the principal
amount invested.
Liquidity Risk.
A particular investment may be difficult
to purchase or sell. The fund may be unable to sell illiquid
securities at an advantageous time or price.
Leverage Risk.
Certain fund transactions, such as
derivatives, may give rise to a form of leverage and may expose
the fund to greater risk. Leverage tends to magnify the effect
of any decrease or increase in the value of the funds
portfolio securities. The use of leverage may cause the fund to
liquidate portfolio positions when it would not be advantageous
to do so in order to satisfy its obligations.
Securities Lending Risk.
The fund may lend its portfolio
securities to brokers, dealers, and other financial institutions
provided a number of conditions are satisfied, including that
the loan is fully collateralized. When the fund lends portfolio
securities, its investment performance will continue to reflect
changes in the value of the securities loaned, and the fund will
also receive a fee or interest on the collateral. Securities
lending involves the risk of loss of rights in the collateral or
delay in recover of the collateral if the borrower fails to
return the security loaned or becomes insolvent. The fund will
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Value
ETF
tm
15
also bear the risk of any decline in value of securities
acquired with cash collateral. The fund may pay lending fees to
a party arranging the loan.
Concentration Risk.
To the extent that the funds or
the indexs portfolio is concentrated in the securities of
issuers in a particular market, industry, group of industries,
sector or asset class, the fund may be adversely affected by the
performance of those securities, may be subject to increased
price volatility and may be more susceptible to adverse
economic, market, political or regulatory occurrences affecting
that market, industry, group of industries, sector or asset
class.
Market Trading Risk.
Although fund shares are listed on
national securities exchanges, there can be no assurance that an
active trading market for fund shares will develop or be
maintained. If an active market is not maintained, investors may
find it difficult to buy or sell fund shares. Trading of shares
of the fund on a stock exchange may be halted if exchange
officials deem such action appropriate, if the fund is delisted,
or if the activation of marketwide circuit breakers
halts stock trading generally. If the funds shares are
delisted, the fund may seek to list its shares on another
market, merge with another ETF, or redeem its shares at NAV.
Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than
NAV.
As with all ETFs, fund shares may be bought and sold in
the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected
that the market price of the shares of the fund will approximate
the funds NAV, there may be times when the market price
and the NAV vary significantly. Thus, you may pay more than NAV
when you buy shares of the fund in the secondary market, and you
may receive less than NAV when you sell those shares in the
secondary market.
The market price of fund shares during the trading day, like the
price of any exchange-traded security, includes a
bid/ask spread charged by the exchange specialist,
market makers or other participants that trade the fund shares.
The bid/ask spread on ETF shares is likely to be larger on ETFs
that are traded less frequently. In addition, in times of severe
market disruption, the bid/ask spread can increase
significantly. At those times, fund shares are most likely to be
traded at a discount to NAV, and the discount is likely to be
greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may
be the time that you most want to sell your shares. The Adviser
believes that, under normal market conditions, large market
price discounts or premiums to NAV will not be sustained because
of arbitrage opportunities.
Lack of Governmental Insurance or Guarantee.
An
investment in the fund is not a bank deposit and it is not
insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation or any other government agency.
Performance
The fund is new and therefore does not have a performance
history. Once the fund has completed a full calendar year of
operations a bar chart and table will be included that will
provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by
showing the variability of the funds returns and comparing
the funds performance to the index.
16
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Value
ETF
tm
Fund fees and
expenses
The following table describes what you could expect to pay as a
fund investor. Shareholder fees are charged to you
directly by the fund. Annual operating expenses are
paid out of fund assets, so their effect is included in the
funds total return. You may also incur customary brokerage
charges when buying or selling fund shares.
Fee
table
(%)
|
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
Shareholder fees*
|
|
None
|
|
Annual operating expenses**
|
|
|
|
Management fees
|
|
0.15
|
Distribution
(12b-1)
fees***
|
|
0.00
|
Other expenses****
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Total annual operating expenses
|
|
0.15
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Fees paid directly
from your investment, but the fund may impose creation and
redemption transaction fees to offset transaction costs
associated with the issuance and redemption of Creation Units. A
standard transaction fee of $500 is charged in connection with
the creation or redemption of a Creation Unit on the day of the
transaction. Cash purchases and redemptions of Creation Units
are subject to an additional variable charge of up to four times
the Additional Creation/Redemption Transaction Fee. See the
Creation and redemption transaction fees for creation
units section further in this prospectus.
|
|
|
**
|
Expressed as a
percentage of average net assets.
|
***
|
The fund has adopted
a Distribution and Shareholder Services (12b-1) Plan pursuant to
which the fund is subject to an annual 12b-1 fee of up to 0.25%
of its average daily net assets. However, the Board has
determined that no such fees will be charged prior to
November 14, 2011 (more than 12 months from the
commencement of the funds operations).
|
****
|
The funds
Investment Advisory Agreement provides that the Adviser will pay
the operating expenses of the fund, excluding interest expense,
taxes, any brokerage expenses, future distribution fees or
expenses (i.e., 12b-1 fees) and extraordinary or non-routine
expenses.
|
Example
Designed to help you compare expenses, the example below uses
the same assumptions as other fund prospectuses: a $10,000
investment, 5% return each year and that the funds
operating expenses remain the same. The expenses would be the
same whether you stayed in the fund or sold your shares at the
end of each period. Your actual costs may be higher or lower.
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Value
ETF
tm
17
Schwab U.S. Small-Cap
ETF
tm
Investment
objective
The funds goal is to track as closely as possible, before
fees and expenses, the total return of the Dow Jones U.S.
Small-Cap Total Stock Market
Index
sm
.
6
Index
The funds benchmark index includes the small-cap
portion of the Dow Jones U.S. Total Stock Market
Index
sm
actually available to investors in the marketplace.
The Dow
Jones U.S. Small-Cap Total Stock Market
Index
sm
includes the components ranked
751-2500
by
full market capitalization. The index is a float-adjusted market
capitalization weighted index. As of June 30, 2009,
the index was composed of 1,750 stocks.
Strategy
To pursue its goal, the fund generally invests in stocks that
are included in the index.
It is the funds policy that
under normal circumstances it will invest at least 90% of its
net assets in these stocks. The fund will notify its
shareholders at least 60 days before changing this policy.
The fund will generally give the same weight to a given stock as
the index does. However, when the Adviser believes it is
appropriate to do so, such as to avoid purchasing odd-lots
(
i.e.
, purchasing less than the usual number of shares
traded for a security), for tax considerations, or to address
liquidity considerations with respect to a stock, the Adviser
may cause the funds weighting of a stock to be more or
less than the indexs weighting of the stock. The fund may
sell securities that are represented in the index in
anticipation of their removal from the index.
Under normal circumstances, the fund may invest up to 10% of its
net assets in securities not included in its index. The
principal types of these investments include those which the
Adviser believes will help the fund track the index, such as
investments in (a) securities that are not represented in
the index but the Adviser anticipates will be added to the index
or as necessary to reflect various corporate actions (such as
mergers and spin-offs), (b) other investment companies, and
(c) futures contracts, options on futures contracts,
options and swaps. The fund may also invest in cash and cash
equivalents, and may lend its securities to minimize the
difference in performance that naturally exists between an index
fund and its corresponding index.
Because it may not be possible or practicable to purchase all of
the stocks in the index, the Adviser may seek to track the total
return of the index by using statistical sampling techniques.
These techniques involve investing in a limited number of index
securities which, when taken together, are expected to perform
similarly to the index as a whole. These techniques are based on
a variety of factors, including performance attributes, tax
considerations, capitalization, dividend yield, price/earnings
ratio, industry factors risk factors and other characteristics.
The fund generally expects that its portfolio will hold less
than the total number of securities in the index, but reserves
the right to hold as many securities as it believes necessary to
achieve the funds investment objective. The fund generally
expects that its industry weightings, dividend yield and
price/earnings ratio will be similar to those of the index.
The fund will concentrate its investments (
i.e.
, hold 25%
or more of its total assets) in a particular industry, group of
industries or sector to approximately the same extent that its
index is so concentrated. For purposes of this limitation,
securities of the U.S. government (including its agencies and
instrumentalities), and repurchase agreements collateralized by
U.S. government securities are not considered to be issued by
members of any industry.
The Adviser seeks to achieve, over time, a correlation between
the funds performance and that of its index, before fees
and expenses, of 95% or better. However, there can be no
guarantee that the fund will achieve a high degree of
correlation with the index. A number of factors may affect the
funds ability to achieve a high correlation with its
index, including the
6
Index
ownership Dow Jones and The Dow
Jones U.S. Small-Cap Total Stock Market
Index
sm
are trademarks of Dow Jones & Company, Inc. and have
been licensed for use for certain purposes by CSIM. Fees payable
under the license are payable by CSIM. The Schwab U.S. Small-Cap
ETF, based on The Dow Jones U.S. Small-Cap Total Stock Market
Index
sm
,
is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Dow Jones and
Dow Jones makes no representation regarding the advisability of
trading in such product.
18
Schwab U.S. Small-Cap
ETF
tm
degree to which the fund utilizes a sampling technique. The
correlation between the performance of the fund and its index
may also diverge due to transaction costs, asset valuations,
corporate actions (such as mergers and spin-offs), timing
variances, and differences between the funds portfolio and
the index resulting from legal restrictions (such as
diversification requirements) that apply to the fund but not to
the index.
Risks
Market Risk.
Stock markets rise and fall daily. As with
any investment whose performance is tied to these markets, the
value of your investment in the fund will fluctuate, which means
that you could lose money.
Investment Style Risk.
The fund is not actively managed.
Therefore, the fund follows the stocks included in the index
during upturns as well as downturns. Because of its indexing
strategy, the fund does not take steps to reduce market exposure
or to lessen the effects of a declining market. In addition,
because of the funds expenses, the funds performance
is normally below that of the index.
Equity Risk.
The prices of equity securities rise and
fall daily. These price movements may result from factors
affecting individual companies, industries or the securities
market as a whole. Individual companies may report poor results
or be negatively affected by industry
and/or
economic trends and developments. The prices of securities
issued by such companies may suffer a decline in response. In
addition, the equity market tends to move in cycles which may
cause stock prices to fall over short or extended periods of
time.
Small-Cap Risk.
Historically, small-cap stocks have been
riskier than large- and mid-cap stocks. Stock prices of smaller
companies may be based in substantial part on future
expectations rather than current achievements and may move
sharply, especially during market upturns and downturns.
Small-cap companies themselves may be more vulnerable to adverse
business or economic events than larger, more established
companies. During a period when small-cap stocks fall behind
other types of investments bonds or large-cap
stocks, for instance the funds performance
also will lag those investments.
Sampling Index Tracking Risk.
The fund does not fully
replicate the index and may hold securities not included in the
index. As a result, the fund is subject to the risk that the
Advisers investment management strategy, the
implementation of which is subject to a number of constraints,
may not produce the intended results. Because the fund utilizes
a sampling approach it may not track the return of the index as
well as it would if the fund purchased all of the equity
securities in the index.
Tracking Error Risk.
The funds return may not match
the return of the index. For example, differences between the
funds securities and those in the index, rounding of
prices, changes to the index and regulatory requirements may
cause tracking error, the divergence of the funds
performance from that of its index. The fund may not be able to
invest in certain securities in its benchmark index, or match
the securities weighting to the benchmark, due to
regulatory, operational or liquidity constraints, which may
result in tracking error. The fund may attempt to offset the
effects of not being invested in certain index securities by
making substitute investments, but these efforts may not be
successful. The fund also incurs fees and expenses while the
index does not, which may result in tracking error.
Derivatives Risk.
The principal types of derivatives used
by the fund are options, futures, options on futures and swaps.
An option is the right to buy or sell an instrument at a
specific price before a specific date. A future is an agreement
to buy or sell a financial instrument at a specific price on a
specific day. A swap is an agreement whereby two parties agree
to exchange payment streams calculated in relation to a rate,
index, instrument or certain securities and a predetermined
amount.
The funds use of derivative instruments involves risks
different from or possibly greater than, the risks associated
with investing directly in securities and other traditional
investments. Certain of these risks, such as leverage risk,
market risk and liquidity risk, are discussed elsewhere in this
section. The funds use of derivatives is also subject to
credit risk, liquidity risk, lack of availability risk,
valuation risk, correlation risk and tax risk. Credit risk is
the risk that the counterparty to a derivative transaction may
not fulfill its contractual obligations. Lack of availability
risk is the risk that suitable derivative transactions may not
be available in all circumstances for risk management or other
purposes. Valuation risk is the risk that a particular
derivative may be valued incorrectly. Correlation risk is the
risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not
correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index.
Tax risk is the risk that the use of derivatives may cause the
fund to realize higher amounts of short-term capital gain. These
risks could cause the fund to lose more than the principal
amount invested.
Liquidity Risk.
A particular investment may be difficult
to purchase or sell. The fund may be unable to sell illiquid
securities at an advantageous time or price.
Schwab U.S. Small-Cap
ETF
tm
19
Leverage Risk.
Certain fund transactions, such as
derivatives, may give rise to a form of leverage and may expose
the fund to greater risk. Leverage tends to magnify the effect
of any decrease or increase in the value of the funds
portfolio securities. The use of leverage may cause the fund to
liquidate portfolio positions when it would not be advantageous
to do so in order to satisfy its obligations.
Securities Lending Risk.
The fund may lend its portfolio
securities to brokers, dealers, and other financial institutions
provided a number of conditions are satisfied, including that
the loan is fully collateralized. When the fund lends portfolio
securities, its investment performance will continue to reflect
changes in the value of the securities loaned, and the fund will
also receive a fee or interest on the collateral. Securities
lending involves the risk of loss of rights in the collateral or
delay in recover of the collateral if the borrower fails to
return the security loaned or becomes insolvent. The fund will
also bear the risk of any decline in value of securities
acquired with cash collateral. The fund may pay lending fees to
a party arranging the loan.
Concentration Risk.
To the extent that the funds or
the indexs portfolio is concentrated in the securities of
issuers in a particular market, industry, group of industries,
sector or asset class, the fund may be adversely affected by the
performance of those securities, may be subject to increased
price volatility and may be more susceptible to adverse
economic, market, political or regulatory occurrences affecting
that market, industry, group of industries, sector or asset
class.
Market Trading Risk.
Although fund shares are listed on
national securities exchanges, there can be no assurance that an
active trading market for fund shares will develop or be
maintained. If an active market is not maintained, investors may
find it difficult to buy or sell fund shares. Trading of shares
of the fund on a stock exchange may be halted if exchange
officials deem such action appropriate, if the fund is delisted,
or if the activation of marketwide circuit breakers
halts stock trading generally. If the funds shares are
delisted, the fund may seek to list its shares on another
market, merge with another ETF, or redeem its shares at NAV.
Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than
NAV.
As with all ETFs, fund shares may be bought and sold in
the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected
that the market price of the shares of the fund will approximate
the funds NAV, there may be times when the market price
and the NAV vary significantly. Thus, you may pay more than NAV
when you buy shares of the fund in the secondary market, and you
may receive less than NAV when you sell those shares in the
secondary market.
The market price of fund shares during the trading day, like the
price of any exchange-traded security, includes a
bid/ask spread charged by the exchange specialist,
market makers or other participants that trade the fund shares.
The bid/ask spread on ETF shares is likely to be larger on ETFs
that are traded less frequently. In addition, in times of severe
market disruption, the bid/ask spread can increase
significantly. At those times, fund shares are most likely to be
traded at a discount to NAV, and the discount is likely to be
greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may
be the time that you most want to sell your shares. The Adviser
believes that, under normal market conditions, large market
price discounts or premiums to NAV will not be sustained because
of arbitrage opportunities.
Lack of Governmental Insurance or Guarantee.
An
investment in the fund is not a bank deposit and it is not
insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation or any other government agency.
Performance
The fund is new and therefore does not have a performance
history. Once the fund has completed a full calendar year of
operations a bar chart and table will be included that will
provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by
showing the variability of the funds returns and comparing
the funds performance to the index.
20
Schwab U.S. Small-Cap
ETF
tm
Fund fees and
expenses
The following table describes what you could expect to pay as a
fund investor. Shareholder fees are charged to you
directly by the fund. Annual operating expenses are
paid out of fund assets, so their effect is included in the
funds total return. You may also incur customary brokerage
charges when buying or selling fund shares.
Fee
table
(%)
|
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
Shareholder fees*
|
|
None
|
|
Annual operating expenses**
|
|
|
|
Management fees
|
|
0.15
|
Distribution (12b-1) fees***
|
|
0.00
|
Other expenses****
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Total annual operating expenses
|
|
0.15
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Fees paid directly
from your investment, but the fund may impose creation and
redemption transaction fees to offset transaction costs
associated with the issuance and redemption of Creation Units. A
standard transaction fee of $1,500 is charged in connection with
the creation or redemption of a Creation Unit on the day of the
transaction. Cash purchases and redemptions of Creation Units
are subject to an additional variable charge of up to four times
the Additional Creation/Redemption Transaction Fee. See the
Creation and redemption transaction fees for creation
units section further in this prospectus.
|
|
|
**
|
Expressed as a
percentage of average net assets.
|
***
|
The fund has adopted
a Distribution and Shareholder Services (12b-1) Plan pursuant to
which the fund is subject to an annual 12b-1 fee of up to 0.25%
of its average daily net assets. However, the Board has
determined that no such fees will be charged prior to
November 14, 2011 (more than 12 months from the
commencement of the funds operations).
|
****
|
The funds
Investment Advisory Agreement provides that the Adviser will pay
the operating expenses of the fund, excluding interest expense,
taxes, any brokerage expenses, future distribution fees or
expenses (i.e., 12b-1 fees) and extraordinary or non-routine
expenses.
|
Example
Designed to help you compare expenses, the example below uses
the same assumptions as other fund prospectuses: a $10,000
investment, 5% return each year and that the funds
operating expenses remain the same. The expenses would be the
same whether you stayed in the fund or sold your shares at the
end of each period. Your actual costs may be higher or lower.
Schwab U.S. Small-Cap
ETF
tm
21
Fund
management
The investment adviser for the Schwab U.S. ETFs is Charles
Schwab Investment Management, Inc., (CSIM) 211 Main
Street, San Francisco, CA 94105. Founded in 1989, the firm today
serves as investment adviser for all of the Schwab
Funds
®
and Laudus
Funds
®
.
The firm has more than $214 billion under management. (All
figures on this page are as of 08/31/09.)
As the investment adviser, the firm oversees the asset
management and administration of the funds. As compensation for
these services, the firm receives a management fee from the
funds, expressed as a percentage of each funds average
daily net assets.
|
|
|
Schwab U.S. Broad Market
ETF
tm
|
|
0.08%
|
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap
ETF
tm
|
|
0.08%
|
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Growth
ETF
tm
|
|
0.15%
|
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Value
ETF
tm
|
|
0.15%
|
Schwab U.S. Small-Cap
ETF
tm
|
|
0.15%
|
A discussion regarding the basis for the Board of Trustees
approval of the funds investment advisory agreements will
be available in the funds annual
and/or
semi-annual report.
Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement between the
Adviser and each fund, the Adviser will pay the operating
expenses of the fund, excluding interest expense, taxes, any
brokerage expenses, future distribution fees or expenses (i.e.,
12b-1 fees) and extraordinary or non-routine expenses.
Jeffrey Mortimer, CFA,
senior vice president and chief
investment officer of the Adviser, is responsible for the
overall management of each of the funds. Prior to joining the
firm in October 1997, he worked for more than eight years
in asset management.
Dustin Lewellyn, CFA,
a managing director of the Adviser,
oversees the Advisers management of ETFs. Prior to joining
the firm in May 2009, he worked for two years as director
of ETF product management and development at a major financial
institution focused on asset and wealth management. Prior to
that, he was a portfolio manager for institutional clients at a
financial services firm for three years. In addition, he held
roles in portfolio operations and product management at a large
asset management firm for more than 6 years.
Agnes Hong, CFA,
a managing director and portfolio
manager of the Adviser, has
day-to-day
responsibility for the management of the funds. Prior to joining
the firm in September 2009, she worked for more than
5 years as a portfolio manager for a major asset management
firm.
Additional information about the portfolio managers
compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio managers
and the portfolio managers ownership of securities in the
funds is available in the Statement of Additional Information.
Other
Considerations
Distribution and Shareholder Services (12b-1)
Plan.
Each fund has adopted a Distribution and
Shareholder Services (12b-1) Plan in accordance with
Rule 12b-1
under the 1940 Act pursuant to which each fund is subject to an
annual 12b-1 fee of up to 0.25% of the funds average daily
net assets. The plan allows the funds to pay distribution and
shareholder service fees to the funds distributor and
other firms that provide distribution and shareholder services.
However, the Board has determined that no such fees will be
charged prior to November 14, 2011 (more than
12 months from the commencement of a funds
operations). Because these fees would be paid out of each
funds assets on an on-going basis, if payments are made in
the future, these fees will increase the cost of your investment
and may cost you more than paying other types of sales charges.
22
Payments by the Adviser.
The Adviser may, from time
to time, at its own expense, compensate purchasers of Creation
Units who have purchased substantial amounts of Creation Units
and other financial institutions for administrative or marketing
services. These payments may be made from profits received by
the Adviser from management fees paid to the Adviser by the
funds. Such activities by the Adviser may provide incentives to
financial institutions to purchase or market shares of the
funds. Additionally, these activities may give the Adviser
additional access to sales representatives of such financial
institutions, which may increase sales of fund shares.
Distributor.
The funds Distributor is SEI
Investments Distribution Co. The Distributor, located at
1 Freedom Valley Drive, Oaks, PA 19456, is a broker-dealer
registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission
(SEC). The Distributor distributes Creation Units
for the funds and does not maintain a secondary market in shares
of the funds.
23
Investing in
the funds
On the following pages, you will find information on buying and
selling shares. Most investors will invest in the funds through
an intermediary by placing orders through their brokerage
account at Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
(Schwab) or an account with another broker/dealer or
other intermediary. Authorized Participants (as defined in
Purchase and redemption of creation units, below)
may invest directly in the funds by placing orders for Creation
Units through the funds Distributor (direct orders).
Helpful information on taxes is included as well.
24
Shares of the funds trade on national securities exchanges and
elsewhere during the trading day and can be bought and sold
throughout the trading day like other shares of publicly traded
securities. When buying or selling shares through a broker most
investors will incur customary brokerage commissions and
charges. In addition, you may incur the cost of the
spread that is, any difference between
the bid price and the ask price.
Shares of the funds trade under the following trading
symbols:
|
|
|
Schwab U.S. Broad Market
ETF
tm
|
|
SCHB
|
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap
ETF
tm
|
|
SCHX
|
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Growth
ETF
tm
|
|
SCHG
|
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Value
ETF
tm
|
|
SCHV
|
Schwab U.S. Small-Cap
ETF
tm
|
|
SCHA
|
Shares of the funds may be acquired or redeemed directly from
the funds only in Creation Units or multiples thereof; as
discussed in the Creation and Redemption section
below. Once created, shares of the funds trade in the secondary
market in amounts less than a Creation Unit. The funds do not
impose any minimum investment for shares of the funds purchased
on an exchange or in the secondary market. Except when
aggregated in Creation Units, shares are not redeemable by the
funds.
Share trading
prices
As with other types of securities, the trading prices of shares
in the secondary market can be affected by market forces such as
supply and demand, economic conditions and other factors. The
price you pay or receive when you buy or sell your shares in the
secondary market may be more (a premium) or less (a discount)
than the NAV of such shares.
The approximate value of shares of the funds are disseminated
every fifteen seconds throughout the trading day by the national
securities exchange on which the funds are listed or by other
information providers. This approximate value should not be
viewed as a real-time update of the NAV, because the
approximate value may not be calculated in the same manner as
the NAV, which is computed once per day. The approximate value
generally is determined by using current market quotations
and/or
price
quotations obtained from broker-dealers that may trade in the
portfolio securities held by the funds. The funds and Adviser
are not involved in, or responsible for, the calculation or
dissemination of the approximate value and make no warranty as
to its accuracy.
Determination of
net asset value
The NAV of the funds shares is calculated as of the close
of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange, generally
4:00 p.m. Eastern time, on each day the NYSE is open for
trading (each, a Business Day). NAV per share is
calculated by dividing the funds net assets by the number
of the funds shares outstanding.
In valuing their securities, the funds use market quotes or
official closing prices if they are readily available. In cases
where quotes are not readily available, the funds may value
securities based on fair values developed using methods approved
by the funds Board of Trustees (described below).
The funds Board of Trustees has adopted procedures, which
include fair value methodologies, to fair value the funds
securities when market prices are not readily
available or are unreliable. For example, the funds may
fair value a security when a security is de-listed or its
trading is halted or suspended; when a securitys primary
pricing source is unable or unwilling to provide a price; when a
securitys primary trading market is closed during regular
market hours; or when a securitys value is materially
affected by events occurring after the close of the
securitys primary trading market. By fair valuing
securities whose prices may have been affected by events
occurring after the close of trading, the funds seek to
establish prices that investors might expect to realize upon the
current sales of these securities. The funds fair value
methodologies seek to ensure that the prices at which the
funds shares are purchased and redeemed are fair and do
not result in dilution of shareholder interest or other harm to
shareholders. Generally, when fair valuing a security, the funds
will take into account all reasonably available information that
may be relevant to a particular valuation including, but not
limited to, fundamental analytical data regarding the issuer,
information relating to the issuers business, recent
trades or offers of the security, general and specific market
conditions and the specific facts giving rise to the need to
fair value the security. The funds make fair value
determinations in good faith and in accordance with the fair
value methodologies included in the Board adopted valuation
procedures. Due to the subjective and variable nature of fair
value pricing, there can be no assurance that the funds could
obtain the fair value assigned to the security upon the sale of
such security.
Transactions in fund shares will be priced at NAV only if you
purchase or redeem shares directly from the funds in Creation
Units. Fund shares that are purchased or sold on a national
securities exchange will be effected at prevailing market
prices, which may be higher or lower than NAV, and may be
subject to brokerage commissions and charges. As
Investing in the
funds
25
described below, purchases and redemptions of Creation Units
will be priced at the NAV next determined after receipt of the
purchase or redemption order.
Purchase and
redemption of creation units
Creation
and redemption
The shares that trade in the secondary market are
created at NAV. The funds issue and redeem shares
only in Creation Units, which are large blocks of shares,
typically 50,000 shares or more. Only institutional
investors, who have entered into an authorized participant
agreement (known as Authorized Participants), may
purchase or redeem Creation Units. Creation Units generally are
issued and redeemed in exchange for a specified basket of
securities approximating the holdings of the funds and a
designated amount of cash. Each Business Day, prior to the
opening of trading, the funds publish the specific securities
and designated amount of cash included in that days basket
for the funds through the National Securities Clearing
Corporation (NSCC) or other method of public
dissemination. The funds reserve the right to accept or pay out
a basket of securities or cash that differs from the published
basket. The prices at which creations and redemptions occur are
based on the next calculation of NAV after an order is received
and deemed acceptable by the Distributor. Orders from Authorized
Participants to create or redeem Creation Units will only be
accepted on a Business Day and are also subject to acceptance by
the funds and the Distributor.
Creations and redemptions must be made by an Authorized
Participant or through a firm that is either a member of the
Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC or a Depository
Trust Company participant, and in each case, must have
executed an agreement with the Distributor with respect to
creations and redemptions of Creation Unit aggregations.
Information about the procedures regarding creation and
redemption of Creation Units is included in the funds
Statement of Additional Information (SAI).
Authorized
participants and the continuous offering of shares
Because new shares may be created and issued on an ongoing
basis, at any point during the life of the funds, a
distribution, as such term is used in the Securities
Act of 1933 (Securities Act), may be occurring.
Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some
activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances,
result in them being deemed participants in a distribution in a
manner that could render them statutory underwriters and subject
to the prospectus-delivery and liability provisions of the
Securities Act. Nonetheless, any determination of whether one is
an underwriter must take into account all the relevant facts and
circumstances of each particular case.
Broker-dealers should also note that dealers who are not
underwriters, but are participating in a
distribution (as contrasted to ordinary secondary transactions),
and thus dealing with shares that are part of an unsold
allotment within the meaning of Section 4(3)(C) of
the Securities Act, would be unable to take advantage of the
prospectus delivery exemption provided by Section 4(3) of
the Securities Act. For delivery of prospectuses to exchange
members, the prospectus delivery mechanism of Rule 153
under the Securities Act is only available with respect to
transactions on a national securities exchange.
Creation
and redemption transaction fees for creation units
The funds may impose a creation transaction fee and a redemption
transaction fee to offset transfer and other transaction costs
associated with the issuance and redemption of Creation Units of
shares. The creation and redemption transaction fees applicable
to the funds are listed below. The standard creation transaction
fee is charged to each purchaser on the day such purchaser
creates a Creation Unit. The standard fee is a single charge and
will be the amount indicated below regardless of the number of
Creation Units purchased by an investor on the same day.
Similarly, the standard redemption transaction fee will be the
amount indicated regardless of the number of Creation Units
redeemed that day. Purchasers and redeemers of Creation Units
for cash will be subject to an additional variable charge up to
four times the additional amount shown below under
Additional Creation/Redemption Transaction Fee
to offset the transaction costs to the funds of buying or
selling portfolio securities. In addition, purchasers and
redeemers of shares in Creation Units are responsible for
payment of the costs of transferring securities to or out of the
funds. From time to time, the Adviser may cover the cost of any
transaction fees when believed to be in the best interests of
the funds.
The following table shows, as of November 3, 2009, the
approximate value of one Creation Unit of the funds, including
the standard and additional creation and redemption transaction
fee. These fees are payable only by investors who
26
Investing in the funds
purchase shares directly from the funds. Retail investors who
purchase shares through their brokerage account will not pay
these fees. Investors who use the services of a broker or other
such intermediary may pay fees for such services.
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Standard
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Additional
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Approximate
Value
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Creation/Redemption
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Creation/Redemption
|
|
Name of
Fund
|
|
of One Creation
Unit
|
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|
Transaction
Fee
|
|
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Transaction
Fee
|
|
Schwab U.S.
Broad Market
ETF
tm
|
|
$
|
1,250,000
|
|
|
$
|
1,500
|
|
|
$
|
10,000
|
|
Schwab U.S.
Large-Cap
ETF
tm
|
|
$
|
1,250,000
|
|
|
$
|
500
|
|
|
$
|
10,000
|
|
Schwab U.S.
Large-Cap Growth
ETF
tm
|
|
$
|
1,250,000
|
|
|
$
|
500
|
|
|
$
|
10,000
|
|
Schwab U.S.
Large-Cap Value
ETF
tm
|
|
$
|
1,250,000
|
|
|
$
|
500
|
|
|
$
|
10,000
|
|
Schwab U.S.
Small-Cap
ETF
tm
|
|
$
|
1,250,000
|
|
|
$
|
1,500
|
|
|
$
|
10,000
|
|
Transaction
policies
Policy regarding short-term or excessive
trading.
The funds have adopted policies and procedures
with respect to frequent purchases and redemptions of Creation
Units of fund shares. However, because the funds are ETFs, only
Authorized Participants are authorized to purchase and redeem
shares directly with the funds. Because purchase and redemption
transactions with Authorized Participants are an essential part
of the ETF process and help keep ETF trading prices in line with
NAV, the funds accommodate frequent purchases and redemptions by
Authorized Participants. Frequent purchases and redemptions for
cash may increase index tracking error and portfolio transaction
costs and may lead to realization of capital gains. Frequent
in-kind creations and redemptions do not give rise to these
concerns. The funds reserve the right to reject any purchase
order at any time.
The funds reserve the right to impose restrictions on
disruptive, excessive, or short-term trading. Such trading is
defined by the funds as purchases and sales of fund shares in
amounts and frequency determined by the funds to be significant
and in a pattern of activity that can potentially be detrimental
to the funds and their shareholders, such as by diluting the
value of the shareholders holdings, increasing fund
transaction costs, disrupting portfolio management strategy,
incurring unwanted taxable gains, or forcing funds to hold
excess levels of cash. The funds may reject purchase or
redemption orders in such instances. The funds also impose a
transaction fee on Creation Unit transactions that is designed
to offset the funds transfer and other transaction costs
associated with the issuance and redemption of the Creation
Units. Although the funds have adopted policies and procedures
designed to discourage disruptive, excessive or short-term
trading, there can be no guarantee that the funds will be able
to identify and restrict investors that engage in such
activities or eliminate the risks associated with such
activities. In addition, the decisions to restrict trading are
inherently subjective and involve judgment in their application.
The funds may amend these policies and procedures in response to
changing regulatory requirements or to enhance their
effectiveness.
Investments by Registered Investment
Companies.
Section 12(d)(1) of the Investment
Company Act of 1940 restricts investments by registered
investment companies in the securities of other investment
companies, including shares of the funds. Registered investment
companies are permitted to invest in the funds beyond the limits
set forth in section 12(d)(1), subject to certain terms and
conditions set forth in an SEC exemptive order issued to the
Schwab Strategic Trust, including that such investment companies
enter into an agreement with the funds.
Portfolio
holdings information
A description of the funds policies and procedures with
respect to the disclosure of the funds portfolio
securities is available in the funds SAI.
Distributions and
taxes
Any investment in the funds typically involves several tax
considerations
. The information below is meant as a general
summary for U.S. citizens and residents. Because each
persons tax situation is different, you should consult
your tax advisor about the tax implications of your investment
in a fund. You also can visit the Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
web site at www.irs.gov.
As a shareholder, you are entitled to your share of the
dividends and gains your fund earns
. Dividends from net
investment income, if any, are generally declared and paid
quarterly by each fund. Distributions of net realized capital
gains, if any, generally are declared and paid once a year,
although the funds may do so more frequently as determined by
the Board of Trustees. Each fund reserves the right to declare
special distributions if, in its reasonable discretion, such
action is necessary or advisable to preserve its status as a
regulated investment company or to avoid imposition of income or
excise taxes on undistributed income or realized gains.
Dividends and other distributions on shares of the funds are
distributed on a pro rata basis to beneficial owners of such
shares. During the fourth quarter of the year, typically in
early
Investing in the
funds
27
November, an estimate of the funds year-end distribution,
if any, may be made available on the funds website
www.schwab.com/SchwabETF Prospectus.
Unless you are investing through an IRA, 401(k) or other
tax-advantaged retirement account, your fund distributions
generally have tax consequences
. Each funds net
investment income and short-term capital gains are distributed
as dividends and will be taxable as ordinary income or qualified
dividend income. Other capital gain distributions are taxable as
long-term capital gains, regardless of how long you have held
your shares in the fund. Distributions generally are taxable in
the tax year in which they are declared, whether you reinvest
them or take them in cash.
Generally, any sale of your shares is a taxable event
. A
sale of your shares may give rise to a gain or loss. In general,
any gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares
will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares
have been held for more than 12 months. Otherwise, the gain
or loss on the taxable disposition of shares will be treated as
short-term capital gain or loss. Absent further legislation, the
reduced maximum rates on qualified dividend income and long-term
capital gains will cease to apply to taxable years beginning
after December 31, 2010. Any loss realized upon a taxable
disposition of shares held for six months or less will be
treated as long-term, rather than short-term, to the extent of
any long-term capital gain distributions received (or deemed
received) by you with respect to the shares. All or a portion of
any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares will be
disallowed if you purchase other substantially identical shares
within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a
case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted
to reflect the disallowed loss.
At the beginning of every year, the funds provide
shareholders with information detailing the tax status of any
distributions the funds paid during the previous calendar
year.
Schwab customers also receive information on
distributions and transactions in their monthly account
statements.
More on qualified dividend income and
distributions.
Dividends that are designated by the
funds as qualified dividend income are eligible for a reduced
maximum tax rate. Qualified dividend income is, in general,
dividend income from taxable domestic corporations and certain
foreign corporations. The funds expect that a portion of the
funds ordinary income distributions will be eligible to be
treated as qualified dividend income subject to the reduced tax
rates.
If you are investing through a taxable account and purchase
shares of the funds just before it declares a distribution, you
may receive a portion of your investment back as a taxable
distribution. This is because when the funds make a
distribution, the share price is reduced by the amount of the
distribution.
You can avoid buying a dividend, as it is often
called, by finding out if a distribution is imminent and waiting
until afterwards to invest. Of course, you may decide that the
opportunity to gain a few days of investment performance
outweighs the tax consequences of buying a dividend.
Taxes on
creation and redemption of creation units
An Authorized Participant who exchanges securities for Creation
Units generally will recognize a gain or a loss equal to the
difference between the market value of the Creation Units at the
time of the exchange and the sum of the exchangers
aggregate basis in the securities surrendered and the cash
component paid. A person who redeems Creation Units will
generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference
between the exchangers basis in the Creation Units and the
sum of the aggregate market value of the securities and the
amount of cash received for such Creation Units. The Internal
Revenue Service, however, may assert that a loss realized upon
an exchange of securities for Creation Units cannot be deducted
currently under the rules governing wash sales, or
on the basis that there has been no significant change in
economic position. Persons exchanging securities for Creation
Units should consult a tax advisor with respect to whether wash
sale rules apply and when a loss might be deductible.
Any capital gain or loss realized upon a redemption (or
creation) of Creation Units is generally treated as long-term
capital gain or loss if the funds shares (or securities
surrendered) have been held for more than one year and as
short-term capital gain or loss if the shares (or securities
surrendered) have been held for one year or less.
If you purchase or redeem Creation Units, you will be sent a
confirmation statement showing how many shares you purchased or
sold and at what price. Persons purchasing or redeeming Creation
Units should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the
tax treatment of any creation or redemption transaction.
Index
provider
Dow Jones Indexes, a business unit of Dow Jones &
Company, Inc., is a full service index provider which develops,
maintains and licenses indexes for use as benchmarks and as the
basis of investment products. Dow Jones & Company is a
News Corporation company (NYSE: NWS). Dow Jones is a leading
provider of global business news and information services.
28
Investing in the funds
CSIM has entered into a license agreement with Dow Jones to use
the Indexes (as defined below). Fees payable under the license
agreement are paid by CSIM. Dow Jones has no obligation to
continue to provide the Indexes to CSIM beyond the term of the
license agreement.
Disclaimers
The funds are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Dow
Jones. Dow Jones makes no representation or warranty, express or
implied, to the owners of shares of the funds or any member of
the public regarding the advisability of trading in the funds.
Dow Jones only relationship to CSIM is the licensing of
certain trademarks and trade names of Dow Jones and of the Dow
Jones U.S. Broad Stock Market
Index
sm
,
Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap Total Stock Market
Index
sm
,
Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap Growth Total Stock Market
Index
sm
,
Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap Value Total Stock Market
Index
sm
,
and Dow Jones U.S. Small-Cap Total Stock Market
Index
sm
(the Indexes) which are determined, composed and
calculated by Dow Jones without regard to CSIM or the funds. Dow
Jones has no obligation to take the needs of CSIM or the owners
of shares of the funds into consideration in determining,
composing or calculating the Indexes. Dow Jones is not
responsible for and has not participated in the determination of
the timing of, prices at, or quantities of the shares of the
funds to be listed or in the determination or calculation of the
equation by which the shares of the funds are to be redeemable
for cash. Dow Jones has no obligation or liability in connection
with the administration, marketing or trading of the funds.
DOW JONES DOES NOT GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY AND/OR THE
COMPLETENESS OF THE INDEXES OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN AND DOW
JONES SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR
INTERRUPTIONS THEREIN. DOW JONES MAKES NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, AS TO RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED BY CSIM, OWNERS OF THE
SHARES OF THE FUNDS, OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY FROM THE
USE OF INDEXES OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. DOW JONES MAKES NO
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL
WARRANTIES, OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE OR USE WITH RESPECT TO THE INDEXES OR ANY DATA INCLUDED
THEREIN, WITHOUT LIMITING ANY OF THE FOREGOING, IN NO EVENT
SHALL DOW JONES HAVE ANY LIABILITY FOR ANY LOST PROFITS OR
INDIRECT, PUNITIVE, SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING
LOST PROFITS), EVEN IF NOTIFIED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGES. THERE ARE NO THIRD PARTY BENEFICIARIES OF ANY
AGREEMENTS OR ARRANGEMENTS BETWEEN DOW JONES AND CSIM.
Shares of the funds are not sponsored, endorsed or promoted by
NYSE Arca, Inc. NYSE Arca makes no representation or warranty,
express or implied, to the owners of the shares of the funds or
any member of the public regarding the ability of a fund to
track the total return performance of its underlying index or
the ability of the underlying index to track stock market
performance. NYSE Arca is not responsible for, nor has it
participated in, the determination of the compilation or the
calculation of any underlying index, nor in the determination of
the timing of, prices of, or quantities of shares of the funds
to be issued, nor in the determination or calculation of the
equation by which the shares are redeemable. NYSE Arca has no
obligation or liability to owners of the shares of the funds in
connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the
shares of the funds.
NYSE Arca shall have no liability for damages, claims, losses or
expenses caused by any errors, omissions, or delays in
calculating or disseminating any current index or portfolio
value; the current value of the portfolio of securities required
to be deposited to the funds; the amount of any dividend
equivalent payment or cash distribution to holders of shares of
the funds; net asset value; or other information relating to the
creation, redemption or trading of shares of the funds,
resulting from any negligent act or omission by NYSE Arca, or
any act, condition or cause beyond the reasonable control of
NYSE Arca, including, but not limited to, an act of God; fire;
flood; extraordinary weather conditions; war; insurrection;
riot; strike; accident; action of government; communications or
power failure; equipment or software malfunction; or any error,
omission or delay in the reporting of transactions in one or
more underlying securities. NYSE Arca makes no warranty, express
or implied, as to results to be obtained by any person or entity
from the use of any underlying index or data included therein
and NYSE Arca makes no express or implied warranties, and
disclaims all warranties of merchantability or fitness for a
particular purpose with respect to shares of the funds or any
underlying index or data included therein.
The funds and CSIM do not guarantee the accuracy and/or the
completeness of the indexes or any data included therein and
shall have no liability for any errors, omissions, or
interruptions therein. The funds and CSIM make no warranty,
express or implied, as to results to be obtained by the funds,
or any other person or entity from the use of indexes or any
data included therein. The funds and CSIM make no express or
implied warranties, and expressly disclaims all warranties, of
merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or use with
respect to the indexes or any data included therein, without
limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall the funds and
CSIM have any liability for any lost profits or indirect,
punitive, special or consequential damages (including lost
profits), even if notified of the possibility of such damages.
Investing in the
funds
29
THIS IS NOT PART OF THE PROSPECTUS
A
Commitment to Your Privacy
Your
Privacy Is Not for Sale
We do not and will not sell your personal information to anyone,
for any reason.
We are committed to protecting the privacy of information we
maintain about you. Below are details about our commitment,
including the types of information we collect and how we use and
share that information. This Privacy Notice applies to you only
if you are an individual who invests directly in the funds by
placing orders through the funds transfer agent. If you
place orders through your brokerage account at Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc. or an account with another
broker-dealer, investment advisor, 401(k) plan, employee benefit
plan, administrator, bank or other financial intermediary, you
are covered by the privacy policies of that financial
institution and should consult those policies.
How We
Collect Information About You
We collect personal information about you in a number of ways.
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APPLICATION AND REGISTRATION INFORMATION.
|
We collect personal information from you when you open an
account or utilize one of our services. We may also collect
information about you from third parties such as consumer
reporting agencies to verify your identity. The information we
collect may include personal information, including your Social
Security number, as well as details about your interests,
investments and investment experience.
|
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TRANSACTION AND EXPERIENCE INFORMATION.
|
Once your account has been opened, we collect and maintain
personal information about your account activity, including your
transactions, balances, positions and history. This information
allows us to administer your account and provide the services
you have requested.
Website
usage.
When you visit our websites, we may use devices known as
cookies, graphic interchange format files (GIFs), or
other similar web tools to enhance your web experience. These
tools help us to recognize you, maintain your web session, and
provide a more personalized experience. To learn more, please
click the Privacy link on our website.
How We
Share and Use Your Information
We provide access to information about you to our affiliated
companies, outside companies and other third parties in certain
limited circumstances, including:
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to help us process transactions for your account;
|
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when we use other companies to provide services for us, such as
printing and mailing your account statements;
|
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|
when we believe that disclosure is required or permitted under
law (for example, to cooperate with regulators or law
enforcement, resolve consumer disputes, perform
credit/authentication checks, or for risk control).
|
State
Laws
We will comply with state laws that apply to the disclosure or
use of information about you.
Safeguarding
Your
Information
Security Is a Partnership
We take precautions to ensure the information we collect about
you is protected and is accessed only by authorized individuals
or organizations.
Companies we use to provide support services are not allowed to
use information about our shareholders for their own purposes
and are contractually obligated to maintain strict
confidentiality. We limit their use of information to the
performance of the specific services we have requested.
We restrict access to personal information by our employees and
agents. Our employees are trained about privacy and are required
to safeguard personal information.
We maintain physical, electronic and procedural safeguards that
comply with federal standards to guard your nonpublic personal
information.
Contact
Us
To provide us with updated information, report suspected fraud
or identity theft, or for any other questions, please call one
of the numbers below.
Schwab
ETFs
TM
direct investors:
1-800-435-4000
(c) 2009 Schwab
ETFs
TM
.
All rights reserved.
To learn more
This prospectus
contains important information on the funds and should be read
and kept for reference. You also can obtain more information
from the following sources.
Annual and
semi-annual
reports,
which are mailed to current fund investors, contain more
information about the funds holdings and detailed
financial information about the funds. Annual reports also
contain information from the funds managers about
strategies, recent market conditions and trends and their impact
on fund performance.
The
Statement of
Additional Information (SAI)
includes a more detailed
discussion of investment policies and the risks associated with
various investments. The SAI is incorporated by reference into
the prospectus, making it legally part of the prospectus.
For a free copy of
any of these documents or to request other information or ask
questions about the funds, call Schwab
ETFs
tm
at
1-800-435-4000.
In addition, you may visit Schwab ETFs web site at
www.schwab.com/SchwabETFProspectus for a free copy of a
prospectus, SAI or an annual or semi-annual report.
The SAI, the
funds annual and semi-annual reports and other related
materials are available from the EDGAR Database on the
SECs web site (http://www.sec.gov). You can obtain copies
of this information, after paying a duplicating fee, by sending
a request by
e-mail
to
publicinfo@sec.gov or by writing the Public Reference Section of
the SEC, Washington, D.C.
20549-1520.
You can also review and copy information about the funds,
including the funds SAI, at the SECs Public
Reference Room in Washington, D.C. Call 1-202-551-8090 for
information on the operation of the SECs Public Reference
Room.
SEC File
Number
|
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Schwab Strategic Trust
|
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811-22311
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Schwab
U.S. ETFs
Prospectus
November 3, 2009
Schwab International ETFs
Prospectus
November 3, 2009
Schwab
International Equity
ETF
tm
Schwab
International Small-Cap Equity
ETF
tm
Schwab
Emerging Markets Equity
ETF
tm
As
with all exchange traded funds, the Securities and Exchange
Commission (SEC) has not approved these securities or passed on
whether the information in this prospectus is adequate and
accurate. Anyone who indicates otherwise is committing a federal
crime.
Schwab
International ETFs
About the
funds
The funds described in this Prospectus are advised by Charles
Schwab Investment Management, Inc. (CSIM or the
Adviser). Each of the funds is an exchange
traded fund (ETF). ETFs are funds that trade
like other publicly-traded securities. The funds in this
prospectus are index funds and are designed to track the
performance of an index. Because the composition of an index
tends to be comparatively stable, index funds historically have
shown low portfolio turnover compared to actively managed funds.
This strategy distinguishes an index fund from an actively
managed fund. Instead of choosing investments for the fund
based on portfolio managements judgment, an index is used
to determine which securities the fund should own.
Unlike shares of a mutual fund, shares of the funds are listed
on a national securities exchange and trade at market prices
that change throughout the day. The market price for each of the
funds shares may be different from its net asset value per
share (NAV). The funds have their own CUSIP numbers
and trade on the NYSE Arca, Inc. under the following tickers:
|
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Schwab International Equity
ETF
tm
|
|
SCHF
|
Schwab International Small-Cap Equity
ETF
tm
|
|
SCHC
|
Schwab Emerging Markets Equity
ETF
tm
|
|
SCHE
|
The funds issue and redeem shares at their NAV only in large
blocks of shares, typically 100,000 shares or more
(Creation Units). These transactions are usually in
exchange for a basket of securities and an amount of cash. As a
practical matter, only institutions or large investors purchase
or redeem Creation Units. Except when aggregated in Creation
Units, shares of the funds are not redeemable securities.
A note to
retail investors
Shares can be purchased directly from the funds only in exchange
for a basket of securities that is expected to be worth several
million dollars. Most individual investors, therefore, will not
be able to purchase shares directly from the funds. Instead,
these investors will purchase shares in the secondary market
through a brokerage account or with the assistance of a broker.
Thus, some of the information contained in this
Prospectus such as information about purchasing and
redeeming shares from the funds and references to transaction
fees imposed on purchases and redemptions is not
relevant to most individual investors. Shares purchased or sold
through a brokerage account or with the assistance of a broker
may be subject to brokerage commissions and charges.
Except as explicitly described otherwise, the investment
objective, the benchmark index and the investment policies of
each of the funds may be changed without shareholder approval.
The funds performance will fluctuate over time and, as
with all investments, future performance may differ from past
performance.
Schwab International Equity
ETF
tm
Investment
objective
The funds goal is to track as closely as possible, before
fees and expenses, the total return of the FTSE Developed ex-US
Index.
1
Index
The funds benchmark index is comprised of large and mid
capitalization companies in developed countries outside the
United States, as defined by the index provider.
The index
defines the large and mid capitalization universe as
approximately the top 90% of the eligible universe. As of
June 30, 2009, the index was composed of 1,325 stocks
in 23 developed market countries.
Strategy
To pursue its goal, the fund generally invests in stocks that
are included in the index.
It is the funds policy that
under normal circumstances it will invest at least 90% of its
net assets in these stocks, including depositary receipts
representing securities of the index; which may be in the form
of American Depositary receipts (ADRs), Global
Depositary receipts (GDRs) and European Depositary
receipts (EDRs). The fund will notify its
shareholders at least 60 days before changing this policy.
The fund will generally give the same weight to a given stock as
the index does. However, when the Adviser believes it is
appropriate to do so, such as to avoid purchasing odd-lots
(
i.e.
, purchasing less than the usual number of shares
traded for a security), to address liquidity considerations with
respect to a stock, for tax considerations or when purchasing
ADRs, GDRs or EDRs in lieu of local securities, the Adviser may
cause the funds weighting of a stock to be more or less
than the indexs weighting of the stock. The fund may sell
securities that are represented in the index in anticipation of
their removal from the index. The fund does not hedge its
exposure to foreign currencies beyond using forward foreign
currency contracts to lock in exchange rates for the portfolio
securities purchased or sold, but awaiting settlement. These
transactions establish a rate of exchange that can be expected
to be received upon settlement of the securities.
Under normal circumstances, the fund may invest up to 10% of its
net assets in securities not included in its index. The
principal types of these investments include those which the
Adviser believes will help the fund track the index, such as
investments in (a) securities that are not represented in
the index but the Adviser anticipates will be added to the index
or as necessary to reflect various corporate actions (such as
mergers and spin-offs), (b) other investment companies, and
(c) forward foreign currency contracts, futures contracts,
options on futures contracts, options and swaps. The fund may
also invest in cash and cash equivalents, and may lend its
securities to minimize the difference in performance that
naturally exists between an index fund and its corresponding
index.
Because it may not be possible or practicable to purchase all of
the stocks in the index, the Adviser seek to track the total
return of the index by using statistical sampling techniques.
These techniques involve investing in a limited number of index
securities which, when taken together, are expected to perform
similarly to the index as a whole. These techniques are based on
a variety of factors, including performance attributes, tax
considerations, country weightings, capitalization, industry
factors, risk factors and other characteristics. The fund
generally expects that its portfolio will hold less than the
total number of securities in the index, but reserves the right
to hold as many securities as it believes necessary to achieve
the funds investment objective.
1
Index
ownership
FTSE
®
is a trademark of The Financial Times Limited (FT)
and the London Stock Exchange plc (the Exchange) and
is used by the fund under license. The Schwab International
Small-Cap Equity ETF is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or
promoted by FT or the Exchange and FT and the Exchange do not
make any representation regarding the advisability of investing
in shares of the fund. Fees payable under the license are paid
by the Adviser.
2
Schwab International Equity
ETF
tm
The fund will concentrate its investments (
i.e.
, hold 25%
or more of its total assets) in a particular industry, group of
industries or sector to approximately the same extent that its
index is so concentrated. For purposes of this limitation,
securities of the U.S. government (including its agencies and
instrumentalities), and repurchase agreements collateralized by
U.S. government securities are not considered to be issued by
members of any industry.
The Adviser seeks to achieve, over time, a correlation between
the funds performance and that of its index, before fees
and expenses, of 95% or better. However, there can be no
guarantee that the fund will achieve a high degree of
correlation with the index. A number of factors may affect the
funds ability to achieve a high correlation with its
index, including the degree to which the fund utilizes a
sampling technique. The correlation between the performance of
the fund and its index may also diverge due to transaction
costs, asset valuations, corporate actions (such as mergers and
spin-offs), timing variances, and differences between the
funds portfolio and the index resulting from legal
restrictions (such as diversification requirements) that apply
to the fund but not to the index.
Risks
Market Risk.
Stock markets rise and fall daily. As with
any investment whose performance is tied to these markets, the
value of your investment in the fund will fluctuate, which means
that you could lose money.
Investment Style Risk.
The fund is not actively managed.
Therefore, the fund follows the stocks included in the index
during upturns as well as downturns. Because of its indexing
strategy, the fund does not take steps to reduce market exposure
or to lessen the effects of a declining market. In addition,
because of the funds expenses, the funds performance
is normally below that of the index.
Equity Risk.
The prices of equity securities rise and
fall daily. These price movements may result from factors
affecting individual companies, industries or the securities
market as a whole. Individual companies may report poor results
or be negatively affected by industry
and/or
economic trends and developments. The prices of securities
issued by such companies may suffer a decline in response. In
addition, the equity market tends to move in cycles which may
cause stock prices to fall over short or extended periods of
time.
Large-Cap and Mid-Cap Risk.
Although the index
encompasses stocks from many different sectors of the economy,
its performance primarily reflects that of large- and mid-cap
stocks. Both large- and mid-cap stocks tend to go in and out of
favor based on market and economic conditions. However, stocks
of mid-cap companies tend to be more volatile than those of
large-cap companies because mid-cap companies tend to be more
susceptible to adverse business or economic events than larger
more established companies. During a period when large- and
mid-cap stocks fall behind other types of investments- bonds or
small-cap stocks, for instance-the funds performance also
will lag those investments.
Foreign Investment Risk.
The funds investments in
securities of foreign issuers involve certain risks that are
greater than those associated with investments in securities of
U.S. issuers. These include risks of adverse changes in foreign
economic, political, regulatory and other conditions, or changes
in currency exchange rates or exchange control regulations
(including limitations on currency movements and exchanges). In
certain countries, legal remedies available to investors may be
more limited than those available with respect to investments in
the United States. The securities of some foreign issuers may be
less liquid and, at times, more volatile than securities of
comparable U.S. companies. The fund may also experience more
rapid or extreme changes in value as compared to a fund that
invests solely in securities of U.S. companies because the
securities markets of many foreign countries are
relatively small, with a limited number of companies
representing a small number of industries. There also is the
risk that the cost of buying, selling, and holding foreign
securities, including brokerage, tax, and custody costs, may be
higher than those involved in domestic transactions.
Currency Risk.
As a result of its investments in
securities denominated in,
and/or
receiving revenues in, foreign currencies, the fund will be
subject to currency risk. This is the risk that those currencies
will decline in value relative to the U.S. Dollar, or, in the
case of hedging positions, that the U.S. Dollar will decline in
value relative to the currency hedged. In either event, the
dollar value of an investment in the fund would be adversely
affected. Currency exchange rates may fluctuate in response to
factors extrinsic to that countrys economy, which makes
the forecasting of currency market movements extremely
difficult. Currency rates in foreign countries may fluctuate
significantly over short periods of time for a number of
reasons, including changes in interest rates, intervention (or
failure to intervene) by U.S. or foreign governments, central
banks or supranational entities such as the International
Monetary Fund, or by the imposition of currency controls or
other political developments in the United States or abroad.
These can result in losses to the fund if it is unable to
deliver or receive currency or funds in settlement of
obligations and could also cause hedges it has entered into to
be rendered useless, resulting in full currency exposure as well
as incurring transaction costs. Forward contracts on foreign
currencies are not traded on exchanges; rather, a bank or dealer
will act as agent or as principal in order to make or take
future delivery of a specified lot of a particular currency for
the funds account. The fund is subject to the risk of a
principals failure, inability or refusal to perform with
respect to such contracts.
Schwab International Equity
ETF
tm
3
Depositary Receipt Risk.
Foreign securities also include
ADRs, which are U.S. dollar-denominated receipts representing
shares of foreign-based corporations. ADRs are issued by U.S.
banks or trust companies, and entitle the holder to all
dividends and capital gains that are paid out on the underlying
foreign shares. Foreign securities also include GDRs, which are
similar to ADRs, but are shares of foreign-based corporations
generally issued by international banks in one or more markets
around the world. In addition, foreign securities includes EDRs,
similar to GDRs, are shares of foreign-based corporations
generally issued by European banks that trade on exchanges
outside of the banks home country. Investment in ADRs,
GDRs and EDRs may be less liquid than the underlying shares in
their primary trading market and GDRs, many of which are issued
by companies in emerging markets, may be more volatile.
Sampling Index Tracking Risk.
The fund does not fully
replicate the index and may hold securities not included in the
index. As a result, the fund is subject to the risk that the
Advisers investment management strategy, the
implementation of which is subject to a number of constraints,
may not produce the intended results. Because the fund utilizes
a sampling approach it may not track the return of the index as
well as it would if the fund purchased all of the equity
securities in the index.
Tracking Error Risk.
The funds return may not match
the return of the index. For example, differences between the
funds securities and those in the index, rounding of
prices, changes to the index and regulatory requirements may
cause tracking error, the divergence of the funds
performance from that of its index. The fund may not be able to
invest in certain securities in its benchmark index, or match
the securities weighting to the benchmark, due to
regulatory, operational or liquidity constraints, which may
result in tracking error. The fund may attempt to offset the
effects of not being invested in certain index securities by
making substitute investments, but these efforts may not be
successful. The fund also incurs fees and expenses while the
index does not, which may result in tracking error.
Derivatives Risk.
The principal types of derivatives used
by the fund are options, futures, options on futures, swaps, and
forward foreign currency contracts. An option is the right to
buy or sell an instrument at a specific price before a specific
date. A future is an agreement to buy or sell a financial
instrument at a specific price on a specific day. A swap is an
agreement whereby two parties agree to exchange payment streams
calculated in relation to a rate, index, instrument or certain
securities and a predetermined amount.
The funds use of derivative instruments involves risks
different from or possibly greater than, the risks associated
with investing directly in securities and other traditional
investments. Certain of these risks, such as leverage risk,
market risk, and liquidity risk are discussed elsewhere in this
section. The funds use of derivatives is also subject to
credit risk, liquidity risk, lack of availability risk,
valuation risk, correlation risk and tax risk. Credit risk is
the risk that the counterparty to a derivative transaction may
not fulfill its contractual obligations. Lack of availability
risk is the risk that suitable derivative transactions may not
be available in all circumstances for risk management or other
purposes. Valuation risk is the risk that a particular
derivative may be valued incorrectly. Correlation risk is the
risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not
correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index.
Tax risk is the risk that the use of derivatives may cause the
fund to realize higher amounts of short-term capital gain. These
risks could cause the fund to lose more than the principal
amount invested.
Liquidity Risk.
A particular investment may be difficult
to purchase or sell. The fund may be unable to sell illiquid
securities at an advantageous time or price.
Leverage Risk.
Certain fund transactions, such as
derivatives, may give rise to a form of leverage and may expose
the fund to greater risk. Leverage tends to magnify the effect
of any decrease or increase in the value of the funds
portfolio securities. The use of leverage may cause the fund to
liquidate portfolio positions when it would not be advantageous
to do so in order to satisfy its obligations.
Securities Lending Risk.
The fund may lend its portfolio
securities to brokers, dealers, and other financial institutions
provided a number of conditions are satisfied, including that
the loan is fully collateralized. When the fund lends portfolio
securities, its investment performance will continue to reflect
changes in the value of the securities loaned, and the fund will
also receive a fee or interest on the collateral. Securities
lending involves the risk of loss of rights in the collateral or
delay in recover of the collateral if the borrower fails to
return the security loaned or becomes insolvent. The fund will
also bear the risk of any decline in value of securities
acquired with cash collateral. The fund may pay lending fees to
a party arranging the loan.
Concentration Risk.
To the extent that the funds or
the indexs portfolio is concentrated in the securities of
issuers in a particular market, industry, group of industries,
sector or asset class, the fund may be adversely affected by the
performance of those securities, may be subject to increased
price volatility and may be more susceptible to adverse
economic, market, political or regulatory occurrences affecting
that market, industry, group of industries, sector or asset
class.
4
Schwab International Equity
ETF
tm
Market Trading Risk.
Although fund shares are listed on
national securities exchanges, there can be no assurance that an
active trading market for fund shares will develop or be
maintained. If an active market is not maintained, investors may
find it difficult to buy or sell fund shares. Trading of shares
of the fund on a stock exchange may be halted if exchange
officials deem such action appropriate, if the fund is delisted,
or if the activation of marketwide circuit breakers
halts stock trading generally. If the funds shares are
delisted, the fund may seek to list its shares on another
market, merge with another ETF, or redeem its shares at NAV.
Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than
NAV.
As with all ETFs, fund shares may be bought and sold in
the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected
that the market price of the shares of the fund will approximate
the funds NAV, there may be times when the market price
and the NAV vary significantly. Thus, you may pay more than NAV
when you buy shares of the fund in the secondary market, and you
may receive less than NAV when you sell those shares in the
secondary market.
The market price of fund shares during the trading day, like the
price of any exchange-traded security, includes a
bid/ask spread charged by the exchange specialist,
market makers or other participants that trade the fund shares.
The bid/ask spread on ETF shares is likely to be larger on ETFs
that are traded less frequently. In addition, in times of severe
market disruption, the bid/ask spread can increase
significantly. At those times, fund shares are most likely to be
traded at a discount to NAV, and the discount is likely to be
greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may
be the time that you most want to sell your shares. The Adviser
believes that, under normal market conditions, large market
price discounts or premiums to NAV will not be sustained because
of arbitrage opportunities.
Lack of Governmental Insurance or Guarantee.
An
investment in the fund is not a bank deposit and it is not
insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation (FDIC) or any other government agency.
Performance
The fund is new and therefore does not have a performance
history. Once the fund has completed a full calendar year of
operations a bar chart and table will be included that will
provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by
showing the variability of the funds returns and comparing
the funds performance to the index.
Fund fees and
expenses
The following table describes what you could expect to pay as a
fund investor. Shareholder fees are charged to you
directly by the fund. Annual operating expenses are
paid out of fund assets, so their effect is included in the
funds total return. You may also incur customary brokerage
charges when buying or selling fund shares.
Fee
table
(%)
|
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
Shareholder fees*
|
|
None
|
|
Annual operating expenses**
|
|
|
|
Management fees
|
|
0.15
|
Distribution (12b-1) fees***
|
|
0.00
|
Other expenses****
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Total annual operating expenses
|
|
0.15
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Fees paid directly
from your investment, but the fund may impose creation and
redemption transaction fees to offset transaction costs
associated with the issuance and redemption of Creation Units. A
standard transaction fee of $15,000 is charged in connection
with the creation or redemption of a Creation Unit on the day of
the transaction. Cash purchases and redemptions of Creation
Units are subject to an additional variable charge of up to four
times the Additional Creation/Redemption Transaction Fee.
See the Creation and redemption transaction fees for
creation units section further in this prospectus.
|
|
|
**
|
Expressed as a
percentage of average net assets.
|
***
|
The fund has adopted
a Distribution and Shareholder Services (12b-1) Plan pursuant to
which the fund is subject to an annual 12b-1 fee of up to 0.25%
of its average daily net assets. However, the Board has
determined that no such fees will be charged prior to
November 14, 2011 (more than 12 months from the
commencement of the funds operations).
|
****
|
The funds
Investment Advisory Agreement provides that the Adviser will pay
the operating expenses of the fund, excluding interest expense,
taxes, any brokerage expenses, future distribution fees or
expenses (i.e., 12b-1 fees) and extraordinary or non-routine
expenses.
|
Schwab International Equity
ETF
tm
5
Example
Designed to help you compare expenses, the example below uses
the same assumptions as other fund prospectuses: a $10,000
investment, 5% return each year and that the funds
operating expenses remain the same. The expenses would be the
same whether you stayed in the fund or sold your shares at the
end of each period. Your actual costs may be higher or lower.
6
Schwab International Equity
ETF
tm
Schwab International Small-Cap
Equity
ETF
tm
Investment
objective
The funds goal is to track as closely as possible, before
fees and expenses, the total return of the FTSE Developed Small
Cap ex-US Liquid
Index.
2
Index
The funds benchmark index is comprised of small
capitalization companies in developed countries outside the
United States, as defined by the index provider.
The index
defines the small capitalization universe as approximately the
bottom 10% of the eligible universe with a minimum free float
capitalization of $150 million. As of
June 30, 2009, the index was composed of 1,820 stocks
in 23 developed market countries.
Strategy
To pursue its goal, the fund generally invests in stocks that
are included in the index.
It is the funds policy that
under normal circumstances it will invest at least 90% of its
net assets in these stocks, including depositary receipts
representing securities of the index; which may be in the form
of American Depositary receipts (ADRs), Global
Depositary receipts (GDRs) and European Depositary
receipts (EDRs). The fund will notify its
shareholders at least 60 days before changing this policy.
The fund will generally give the same weight to a given stock as
the index does. However, when the Adviser believes it is
appropriate to do so, such as to avoid purchasing odd-lots
(
i.e.
, purchasing less than the usual number of shares
traded for a security), to address liquidity considerations with
respect to a stock, for tax considerations or when purchasing
ADRs, GDRs or EDRs in lieu of local securities, the Adviser may
cause the funds weighting of a stock to be more or less
than the indexs weighting of the stock. The fund may sell
securities that are represented in the index in anticipation of
their removal from the index. The fund does not hedge its
exposure to foreign currencies beyond using forward foreign
currency contracts to lock in exchange rates for the portfolio
securities purchased or sold, but awaiting settlement. These
transactions establish a rate of exchange that can be expected
to be received upon settlement of the securities. The fund
generally expects that its country weightings will be similar to
those of the index.
Under normal circumstances, the fund may invest up to 10% of its
net assets in securities not included in its index. The
principal types of these investments include those which the
Adviser believes will help the fund track the index, such as
investments in (a) securities that are not represented in
the index but the Adviser anticipates will be added to the index
or as necessary to reflect various corporate actions (such as
mergers and spin-offs), (b) other investment companies, and
(c) forward foreign currency contracts, futures contracts,
options on futures contracts, options and swaps. The fund may
also invest in cash and cash equivalents, and may lend its
securities to minimize the difference in performance that
naturally exists between an index fund and its corresponding
index.
Because it may not be possible or practicable to purchase all of
the stocks in the index, the Adviser may seek to track the total
return of the index by using statistical sampling techniques.
These techniques involve investing in a limited number of index
securities which, when taken together, are expected to perform
similarly to the index as a whole. These techniques are based on
a variety of factors, including performance attributes, tax
considerations, country weightings, capitalization, industry
factors, risk factors and other characteristics. The fund
generally expects that its portfolio will hold less than the
total number of securities in the index, but reserves the right
to hold as many securities as it believes necessary to achieve
the funds investment objective.
The fund will concentrate its investments (
i.e.
, hold 25%
or more of its total assets) in a particular industry, group of
industries or sector to approximately the same extent that its
index is so concentrated. For purposes of this limitation,
2
Index
ownership
FTSE
®
is a trademark of The Financial Times Limited (FT)
and the London Stock Exchange plc (the Exchange) and
is used by the fund under license. The Schwab International
Small-Cap Equity ETF is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or
promoted by FT or the Exchange and FT and the Exchange do not
make any representation regarding the advisability of investing
in shares of the fund. Fees payable under the license are paid
by the Adviser.
Schwab International Small-Cap
Equity
ETF
tm
7
securities of the U.S. government (including its agencies and
instrumentalities), and repurchase agreements collateralized by
U.S. government securities are not considered to be issued by
members of any industry.
The Adviser seeks to achieve, over time, a correlation between
the funds performance and that of its index, before fees
and expenses, of 95% or better. However, there can be no
guarantee that the fund will achieve a high degree of
correlation with the index. A number of factors may affect the
funds ability to achieve a high correlation with its
index, including the degree to which the fund utilizes a
sampling technique. The correlation between the performance of
the fund and its index may also diverge due to transaction
costs, asset valuations, corporate actions (such as mergers and
spin-offs), timing variances, and differences between the
funds portfolio and the index resulting from legal
restrictions (such as diversification requirements) that apply
to the fund but not to the index.
Risks
Market Risk.
Stock markets rise and fall daily. As with
any investment whose performance is tied to these markets, the
value of your investment in the fund will fluctuate, which means
that you could lose money.
Investment Style Risk.
The fund is not actively managed.
Therefore, the fund follows the stocks included in the index
during upturns as well as downturns. Because of its indexing
strategy, the fund does not take steps to reduce market exposure
or to lessen the effects of a declining market. In addition,
because of the funds expenses, the funds performance
is normally below that of the index.
Equity Risk.
The prices of equity securities rise and
fall daily. These price movements may result from factors
affecting individual companies, industries or the securities
market as a whole. Individual companies may report poor results
or be negatively affected by industry
and/or
economic trends and developments. The prices of securities
issued by such companies may suffer a decline in response. In
addition, the equity market tends to move in cycles which may
cause stock prices to fall over short or extended periods of
time.
Small-Cap Risk.
Historically, small-cap stocks have been
riskier than large- and mid-cap stocks. Stock prices of smaller
companies may be based in substantial part on future
expectations rather than current achievements and may move
sharply, especially during market upturns and downturns.
Small-cap companies themselves may be more vulnerable to adverse
business or economic events than larger, more established
companies. During a period when small-cap stocks fall behind
other types of investments bonds or large-cap
stocks, for instance the funds performance
also will lag those investments.
Foreign Investment Risk.
The funds investments in
securities of foreign issuers involve certain risks that are
greater than those associated with investments in securities of
U.S. issuers. These include risks of adverse changes in foreign
economic, political, regulatory and other conditions, or changes
in currency exchange rates or exchange control regulations
(including limitations on currency movements and exchanges). In
certain countries, legal remedies available to investors may be
more limited than those available with respect to investments in
the United States. The securities of some foreign issuers may be
less liquid and, at times, more volatile than securities of
comparable U.S. companies. The fund may also experience more
rapid or extreme changes in value as compared to a fund that
invests solely in securities of U.S. companies because the
securities markets of many foreign countries are
relatively small, with a limited number of companies
representing a small number of industries. There also is the
risk that the cost of buying, selling, and holding foreign
securities, including brokerage, tax, and custody costs, may be
higher than those involved in domestic transactions.
Currency Risk.
As a result of its investments in
securities denominated in,
and/or
receiving revenues in, foreign currencies, the fund will be
subject to currency risk. This is the risk that those currencies
will decline in value relative to the U.S. Dollar, or, in the
case of hedging positions, that the U.S. Dollar will decline in
value relative to the currency hedged. In either event, the
dollar value of an investment in the fund would be adversely
affected. Currency exchange rates may fluctuate in response to
factors extrinsic to that countrys economy, which makes
the forecasting of currency market movements extremely
difficult. Currency rates in foreign countries may fluctuate
significantly over short periods of time for a number of
reasons, including changes in interest rates, intervention (or
failure to intervene) by U.S. or foreign governments, central
banks or supranational entities such as the International
Monetary Fund, or by the imposition of currency controls or
other political developments in the United States or abroad.
These can result in losses to the fund if it is unable to
deliver or receive currency or funds in settlement of
obligations and could also cause hedges it has entered into to
be rendered useless, resulting in full currency exposure as well
as incurring transaction costs. Forward contracts on foreign
currencies are not traded on exchanges; rather, a bank or dealer
will act as agent or as principal in order to make or take
future delivery of a specified lot of a particular currency for
the funds account. The fund is subject to the risk of a
principals failure, inability or refusal to perform with
respect to such contracts.
8
Schwab International
Small-Cap Equity
ETF
tm
Depositary Receipt Risk.
Foreign securities also include
ADRs, which are U.S. dollar-denominated receipts representing
shares of foreign-based corporations. ADRs are issued by U.S.
banks or trust companies, and entitle the holder to all
dividends and capital gains that are paid out on the underlying
foreign shares. Foreign securities also include GDRs, which are
similar to ADRs, but are shares of foreign-based corporations
generally issued by international banks in one or more markets
around the world. In addition, foreign securities includes EDRs,
similar to GDRs, are shares of foreign-based corporations
generally issued by European banks that trade on exchanges
outside of the banks home country. Investment in ADRs,
GDRs and EDRs may be less liquid than the underlying shares in
their primary trading market and GDRs, many of which are issued
by companies in emerging markets, may be more volatile.
Sampling Index Tracking Risk.
The fund does not fully
replicate the index and may hold securities not included in the
index. As a result, the fund is subject to the risk that the
Advisers investment management strategy, the
implementation of which is subject to a number of constraints,
may not produce the intended results. Because the fund utilizes
a sampling approach it may not track the return of the index as
well as it would if the fund purchased all of the equity
securities in the index.
Tracking Error Risk.
The funds return may not match
the return of the index. For example, differences between the
funds securities and those in the index, rounding of
prices, changes to the index and regulatory requirements may
cause tracking error, the divergence of the funds
performance from that of its index. The fund may not be able to
invest in certain securities in its benchmark index, or match
the securities weighting to the benchmark, due to
regulatory, operational or liquidity constraints, which may
result in tracking error. The fund may attempt to offset the
effects of not being invested in certain index securities by
making substitute investments, but these efforts may not be
successful. The fund also incurs fees and expenses while the
index does not, which may result in tracking error.
Derivatives Risk.
The principal types of derivatives used
by the fund are options, futures, options on futures, swaps, and
forward foreign currency contracts. An option is the right to
buy or sell an instrument at a specific price before a specific
date. A future is an agreement to buy or sell a financial
instrument at a specific price on a specific day. A swap is an
agreement whereby two parties agree to exchange payment streams
calculated in relation to a rate, index, instrument or certain
securities and a predetermined amount.
The funds use of derivative instruments involves risks
different from or possibly greater than, the risks associated
with investing directly in securities and other traditional
investments. Certain of these risks, such as leverage risk,
market risk, and liquidity risk are discussed elsewhere in this
section. The funds use of derivatives is also subject to
credit risk, liquidity risk, lack of availability risk,
valuation risk, correlation risk and tax risk. Credit risk is
the risk that the counterparty to a derivative transaction may
not fulfill its contractual obligations. Lack of availability
risk is the risk that suitable derivative transactions may not
be available in all circumstances for risk management or other
purposes. Valuation risk is the risk that a particular
derivative may be valued incorrectly. Correlation risk is the
risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not
correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index.
Tax risk is the risk that the use of derivatives may cause the
fund to realize higher amounts of short-term capital gain. These
risks could cause the fund to lose more than the principal
amount invested.
Liquidity Risk.
A particular investment may be difficult
to purchase or sell. The fund may be unable to sell illiquid
securities at an advantageous time or price.
Leverage Risk.
Certain fund transactions, such as
derivatives, may give rise to a form of leverage and may expose
the fund to greater risk. Leverage tends to magnify the effect
of any decrease or increase in the value of the funds
portfolio securities. The use of leverage may cause the fund to
liquidate portfolio positions when it would not be advantageous
to do so in order to satisfy its obligations.
Securities Lending Risk.
The fund may lend its portfolio
securities to brokers, dealers, and other financial institutions
provided a number of conditions are satisfied, including that
the loan is fully collateralized. When the fund lends portfolio
securities, its investment performance will continue to reflect
changes in the value of the securities loaned, and the fund will
also receive a fee or interest on the collateral. Securities
lending involves the risk of loss of rights in the collateral or
delay in recover of the collateral if the borrower fails to
return the security loaned or becomes insolvent. The fund will
also bear the risk of any decline in value of securities
acquired with cash collateral. The fund may pay lending fees to
a party arranging the loan.
Concentration Risk.
To the extent that the funds or
the indexs portfolio is concentrated in the securities of
issuers in a particular market, industry, group of industries,
sector or asset class, the fund may be adversely affected by the
performance of those securities, may be subject to increased
price volatility and may be more susceptible to adverse
economic, market, political or regulatory occurrences affecting
that market, industry, group of industries, sector or asset
class.
Schwab International Small-Cap
Equity
ETF
tm
9
Market Trading Risk.
Although fund shares are listed on
national securities exchanges, there can be no assurance that an
active trading market for fund shares will develop or be
maintained. If an active market is not maintained, investors may
find it difficult to buy or sell fund shares. Trading of shares
of the fund on a stock exchange may be halted if exchange
officials deem such action appropriate, if the fund is delisted,
or if the activation of marketwide circuit breakers
halts stock trading generally. If the funds shares are
delisted, the fund may seek to list its shares on another
market, merge with another ETF, or redeem its shares at NAV.
Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than
NAV.
As with all ETFs, fund shares may be bought and sold in
the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected
that the market price of the shares of the fund will approximate
the funds NAV, there may be times when the market price
and the NAV vary significantly. Thus, you may pay more than NAV
when you buy shares of the fund in the secondary market, and you
may receive less than NAV when you sell those shares in the
secondary market.
The market price of fund shares during the trading day, like the
price of any exchange-traded security, includes a
bid/ask spread charged by the exchange specialist,
market makers or other participants that trade the fund shares.
The bid/ask spread on ETF shares is likely to be larger on ETFs
that are traded less frequently. In addition, in times of severe
market disruption, the bid/ask spread can increase
significantly. At those times, fund shares are most likely to be
traded at a discount to NAV, and the discount is likely to be
greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may
be the time that you most want to sell your shares. The Adviser
believes that, under normal market conditions, large market
price discounts or premiums to NAV will not be sustained because
of arbitrage opportunities.
Lack of Governmental Insurance or Guarantee.
An
investment in the fund is not a bank deposit and it is not
insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation or any other government agency.
Performance
The fund is new and therefore does not have a performance
history. Once the fund has completed a full calendar year of
operations a bar chart and table will be included that will
provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by
showing the variability of the funds returns and comparing
the funds performance to the index.
Fund fees and
expenses
The following table describes what you could expect to pay as a
fund investor. Shareholder fees are charged to you
directly by the fund. Annual operating expenses are
paid out of fund assets, so their effect is included in the
funds total return. You may also incur customary brokerage
charges when buying or selling fund shares.
Fee
table
(%)
|
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
Shareholder fees*
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Annual operating expenses**
|
|
|
|
|
|
Management fees
|
|
0.35
|
Distribution (12b-1) fees***
|
|
0.00
|
Other expenses****
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Total annual operating expenses
|
|
0.35
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Fees paid directly
from your investment, but the fund may impose creation and
redemption transaction fees to offset transaction costs
associated with the issuance and redemption of Creation Units. A
standard transaction fee of $15,000 is charged in connection
with the creation or redemption of a Creation Unit on the day of
the transaction. Cash purchases and redemptions of Creation
Units are subject to an additional variable charge of up to four
times the Additional Creation/Redemption Transaction Fee.
See the Creation and redemption transaction fees for
creation units section further in this prospectus.
|
|
|
**
|
Expressed as a
percentage of average net assets.
|
|
|
***
|
The fund has adopted
a Distribution and Shareholder Services (12b-1) Plan pursuant to
which the fund is subject to an annual 12b-1 fee of up to 0.25%
of its average daily net assets. However, the Board has
determined that no such fees will be charged prior to
November 14, 2011 (more than 12 months from the
commencement of the funds operations).
|
|
|
****
|
The funds
Investment Advisory Agreement provides that the Adviser will pay
the operating expenses of the fund, excluding interest expense,
taxes, any brokerage expenses, future distribution fees or
expenses (i.e., 12b-1 fees) and extraordinary or non-routine
expenses.
|
10
Schwab International
Small-Cap Equity
ETF
tm
Example
Designed to help you compare expenses, the example below uses
the same assumptions as other fund prospectuses: a $10,000
investment, 5% return each year and that the funds
operating expenses remain the same. The expenses would be the
same whether you stayed in the fund or sold your shares at the
end of each period. Your actual costs may be higher or lower.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 year
|
|
|
3 years
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
36
|
|
|
$
|
113
|
|
|
|
|
|
Schwab International Small-Cap
Equity
ETF
tm
11
Schwab Emerging Markets Equity
ETF
tm
Investment
objective
The funds goal is to track as closely as possible, before
fees and expenses, the total return of the FTSE All-Emerging
Index.
3
Index
The funds benchmark index is comprised of large and mid
capitalization companies in emerging market countries, as
defined by the index provider.
The index defines the large
and mid capitalization universe as approximately the top 90% of
the eligible universe. As of June 30, 2009, the index
was composed of 824 stocks in 23 emerging market countries.
Strategy
To pursue its goal, the fund generally invests in stocks that
are included in the index.
It is the funds policy that
under normal circumstances it will invest at least 90% of its
net assets in these stocks, including depositary receipts
representing securities of the index; which may be in the form
of American Depositary receipts (ADRs), Global
Depositary receipts (GDRs) and European Depositary
receipts (EDRs). The fund will notify its
shareholders at least 60 days before changing this policy.
The fund will generally give the same weight to a given stock as
the index does. However, when the Adviser believes it is
appropriate to do so, such as to avoid purchasing odd-lots
(
i.e.
, purchasing less than the usual number of shares
traded for a security), to address liquidity considerations with
respect to a stock, for tax considerations or when purchasing
ADRs, GDRs or EDRs in lieu of local securities, the Adviser may
cause the funds weighting of a stock to be more or less
than the indexs weighting of the stock. The fund may sell
securities that are represented in the index in anticipation of
their removal from the index. The fund does not hedge its
exposure to foreign currencies beyond using forward foreign
currency contracts to lock in exchange rates for the portfolio
securities purchased or sold, but awaiting settlement. These
transactions establish a rate of exchange that can be expected
to be received upon settlement of the securities.
Under normal circumstances, the fund may invest up to 10% of its
net assets in securities not included in its index. The
principal types of these investments include those which the
Adviser believes will help the fund track the index, such as
investments in (a) securities that are not represented in
the index but the Adviser anticipates will be added to the index
or as necessary to reflect various corporate actions (such as
mergers and spin-offs), (b) other investment companies, and
(c) forward foreign currency contracts, futures contracts,
options on futures contracts, options and swaps. The fund may
also invest in cash and cash equivalents, and may lend its
securities to minimize the difference in performance that
naturally exists between an index fund and its corresponding
index.
Because it may not be possible or practicable to purchase all of
the stocks in the index, the Adviser may seek to track the total
return of the index by using statistical sampling techniques.
These techniques involve investing in a limited number of index
securities which, when taken together, are expected to perform
similarly to the index as a whole. These techniques are based on
a variety of factors, including performance attributes, tax
considerations, country weightings, capitalization, industry
factors, risk factors and other characteristics. The fund
generally expects that its portfolio will hold less than the
total number of securities in the index, but reserves the right
to hold as many securities as it believes necessary to achieve
the funds investment objective.
The fund will concentrate its investments (
i.e.
, hold 25%
or more of its total assets) in a particular industry, group of
industries or sector to approximately the same extent that its
index is so concentrated. For purposes of this limitation,
3
Index
ownership
FTSE
®
is a trademark of The Financial Times Limited (FT)
and the London Stock Exchange plc (the Exchange) and
is used by the fund under license. The Schwab Emerging Markets
Equity ETF is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by FT or
the Exchange and FT and the Exchange do not make any
representation regarding the advisability of investing in shares
of the fund. Fees payable under the license are paid by the
Adviser.
12
Schwab Emerging Markets
Equity
ETF
tm
securities of the U.S. government (including its agencies and
instrumentalities), and repurchase agreements collateralized by
U.S. government securities are not considered to be issued by
members of any industry.
The Adviser seeks to achieve, over time, a correlation between
the funds performance and that of its index, before fees
and expenses, of 95% or better. However, there can be no
guarantee that the fund will achieve a high degree of
correlation with the index. A number of factors may affect the
funds ability to achieve a high correlation with its
index, including the degree to which the fund utilizes a
sampling technique. The correlation between the performance of
the fund and its index may also diverge due to transaction
costs, asset valuations, corporate actions (such as mergers and
spin-offs), timing variances, and differences between the
funds portfolio and the index resulting from legal
restrictions (such as diversification requirements) that apply
to the fund but not to the index.
Risks
Market Risk.
Stock markets rise and fall daily. As with
any investment whose performance is tied to these markets, the
value of your investment in the fund will fluctuate, which means
that you could lose money.
Investment Style Risk.
The fund is not actively managed.
Therefore, the fund follows the stocks included in the index
during upturns as well as downturns. Because of its indexing
strategy, the fund does not take steps to reduce market exposure
or to lessen the effects of a declining market. In addition,
because of the funds expenses, the funds performance
is normally below that of the index.
Equity Risk.
The prices of equity securities rise and
fall daily. These price movements may result from factors
affecting individual companies, industries or the securities
market as a whole. Individual companies may report poor results
or be negatively affected by industry
and/or
economic trends and developments. The prices of securities
issued by such companies may suffer a decline in response. In
addition, the equity market tends to move in cycles which may
cause stock prices to fall over short or extended periods of
time.
Large-Cap and Mid-Cap Risk.
Although the index
encompasses stocks from many different sectors of the economy,
its performance primarily reflects that of large- and mid-cap
stocks. Both large- and mid-cap stocks tend to go in and out of
favor based on market and economic conditions. However, stocks
of mid-cap companies tend to be more volatile than those of
large-cap companies because mid-cap companies tend to be more
susceptible to adverse business or economic events than larger
more established companies. During a period when large- and
mid-cap stocks fall behind other types of investments- bonds or
small-cap stocks, for instance-the funds performance also
will lag those investments.
Emerging Markets Risk.
Emerging market countries may be
more likely to experience political turmoil or rapid changes in
market or economic conditions than more developed countries.
Emerging market countries often have less uniformity in
accounting and reporting requirements, unreliable securities
valuation and greater risk associated with the custody of
securities. It is sometimes difficult to obtain and enforce
court judgments in such countries and there is often a greater
potential for nationalization
and/or
expropriation of assets by the government of an emerging market
country. In addition, the financial stability of issuers
(including governments) in emerging market countries may be more
precarious than in other countries. As a result, there will tend
to be an increased risk of price volatility associated with the
funds investments in emerging market countries, which may
be magnified by currency fluctuations relative to the U.S.
dollar.
Foreign Investment Risk.
The funds investments in
securities of foreign issuers involve certain risks that are
greater than those associated with investments in securities of
U.S. issuers. These include risks of adverse changes in foreign
economic, political, regulatory and other conditions, or changes
in currency exchange rates or exchange control regulations
(including limitations on currency movements and exchanges). In
certain countries, legal remedies available to investors may be
more limited than those available with respect to investments in
the United States. The securities of some foreign issuers may be
less liquid and, at times, more volatile than securities of
comparable U.S. companies. The fund may also experience more
rapid or extreme changes in value as compared to a fund that
invests solely in securities of U.S. companies because the
securities markets of many foreign countries are
relatively small, with a limited number of companies
representing a small number of industries. There also is the
risk that the cost of buying, selling, and holding foreign
securities, including brokerage, tax, and custody costs, may be
higher than those involved in domestic transactions.
Currency Risk.
As a result of its investments in
securities denominated in,
and/or
receiving revenues in, foreign currencies, the fund will be
subject to currency risk. This is the risk that those currencies
will decline in value relative to the U.S. Dollar, or, in the
case of hedging positions, that the U.S. Dollar will decline in
value relative to the currency hedged. In either event, the
dollar value of an investment in the fund would be adversely
affected. Currency exchange rates may fluctuate in response to
factors extrinsic to that countrys economy, which makes
the forecasting of currency market movements extremely
difficult. Currency rates in foreign countries may fluctuate
significantly over short periods of time for a number of
reasons, including changes in interest rates, intervention (or
failure to intervene) by U.S. or foreign
Schwab Emerging Markets Equity
ETF
tm
13
governments, central banks or supranational entities such as the
International Monetary Fund, or by the imposition of currency
controls or other political developments in the United States or
abroad. These can result in losses to the fund if it is unable
to deliver or receive currency or funds in settlement of
obligations and could also cause hedges it has entered into to
be rendered useless, resulting in full currency exposure as well
as incurring transaction costs. Forward contracts on foreign
currencies are not traded on exchanges; rather, a bank or dealer
will act as agent or as principal in order to make or take
future delivery of a specified lot of a particular currency for
the funds account. The fund is subject to the risk of a
principals failure, inability or refusal to perform with
respect to such contracts.
Depositary Receipt Risk.
Foreign securities also include
ADRs, which are U.S. dollar-denominated receipts representing
shares of foreign-based corporations. ADRs are issued by U.S.
banks or trust companies, and entitle the holder to all
dividends and capital gains that are paid out on the underlying
foreign shares. Foreign securities also include GDRs, which are
similar to ADRs, but are shares of foreign-based corporations
generally issued by international banks in one or more markets
around the world. In addition, foreign securities includes EDRs,
similar to GDRs, are shares of foreign-based corporations
generally issued by European banks that trade on exchanges
outside of the banks home country. Investment in ADRs,
GDRs and EDRs may be less liquid than the underlying shares in
their primary trading market and GDRs, many of which are issued
by companies in emerging markets, may be more volatile.
Sampling Index Tracking Risk.
The fund does not fully
replicate the index and may hold securities not included in the
index. As a result, the fund is subject to the risk that the
Advisers investment management strategy, the
implementation of which is subject to a number of constraints,
may not produce the intended results. Because the fund utilizes
a sampling approach it may not track the return of the index as
well as it would if the fund purchased all of the equity
securities in the index.
Tracking Error Risk.
The funds return may not match
the return of the index. For example, differences between the
funds securities and those in the index, rounding of
prices, changes to the index and regulatory requirements may
cause tracking error, the divergence of the funds
performance from that of its index. The fund may not be able to
invest in certain securities in its benchmark index, or match
the securities weighting to the benchmark, due to
regulatory, operational or liquidity constraints, which may
result in tracking error. The fund may attempt to offset the
effects of not being invested in certain index securities by
making substitute investments, but these efforts may not be
successful. The fund also incurs fees and expenses while the
index does not, which may result in tracking error.
Derivatives Risk.
The principal types of derivatives used
by the fund are options, futures, options on futures, swaps, and
forward foreign currency contracts. An option is the right to
buy or sell an instrument at a specific price before a specific
date. A future is an agreement to buy or sell a financial
instrument at a specific price on a specific day. A swap is an
agreement whereby two parties agree to exchange payment streams
calculated in relation to a rate, index, instrument or certain
securities and a predetermined amount.
The funds use of derivative instruments involves risks
different from or possibly greater than, the risks associated
with investing directly in securities and other traditional
investments. Certain of these risks, such as leverage risk,
market risk, and liquidity risk are discussed elsewhere in this
section. The funds use of derivatives is also subject to
credit risk, liquidity risk, lack of availability risk,
valuation risk, correlation risk and tax risk. Credit risk is
the risk that the counterparty to a derivative transaction may
not fulfill its contractual obligations. Lack of availability
risk is the risk that suitable derivative transactions may not
be available in all circumstances for risk management or other
purposes. Valuation risk is the risk that a particular
derivative may be valued incorrectly. Correlation risk is the
risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not
correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index.
Tax risk is the risk that the use of derivatives may cause the
fund to realize higher amounts of short-term capital gain. These
risks could cause the fund to lose more than the principal
amount invested.
Liquidity Risk.
A particular investment may be difficult
to purchase or sell. The fund may be unable to sell illiquid
securities at an advantageous time or price.
Leverage Risk.
Certain fund transactions, such as
derivatives, may give rise to a form of leverage and may expose
the fund to greater risk. Leverage tends to magnify the effect
of any decrease or increase in the value of the funds
portfolio securities. The use of leverage may cause the fund to
liquidate portfolio positions when it would not be advantageous
to do so in order to satisfy its obligations.
Securities Lending Risk.
The fund may lend its portfolio
securities to brokers, dealers, and other financial institutions
provided a number of conditions are satisfied, including that
the loan is fully collateralized. When the fund lends portfolio
securities, its investment performance will continue to reflect
changes in the value of the securities loaned, and the fund will
also receive a fee or interest on the collateral. Securities
lending involves the risk of loss of rights in the collateral or
delay in recover of the collateral if the borrower fails to
return the security loaned or becomes insolvent. The fund will
14
Schwab Emerging Markets
Equity
ETF
tm
also bear the risk of any decline in value of securities
acquired with cash collateral. The fund may pay lending fees to
a party arranging the loan.
Concentration Risk.
To the extent that the funds or
the indexs portfolio is concentrated in the securities of
issuers in a particular market, industry, group of industries,
sector or asset class, the fund may be adversely affected by the
performance of those securities, may be subject to increased
price volatility and may be more susceptible to adverse
economic, market, political or regulatory occurrences affecting
that market, industry, group of industries, sector or asset
class.
Market Trading Risk.
Although fund shares are listed on
national securities exchanges, there can be no assurance that an
active trading market for fund shares will develop or be
maintained. If an active market is not maintained, investors may
find it difficult to buy or sell fund shares. Trading of shares
of the fund on a stock exchange may be halted if exchange
officials deem such action appropriate, if the fund is delisted,
or if the activation of marketwide circuit breakers
halts stock trading generally. If the funds shares are
delisted, the fund may seek to list its shares on another
market, merge with another ETF, or redeem its shares at NAV.
Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than
NAV.
As with all ETFs, fund shares may be bought and sold in
the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected
that the market price of the shares of the fund will approximate
the funds NAV, there may be times when the market price
and the NAV vary significantly. Thus, you may pay more than NAV
when you buy shares of the fund in the secondary market, and you
may receive less than NAV when you sell those shares in the
secondary market.
The market price of fund shares during the trading day, like the
price of any exchange-traded security, includes a
bid/ask spread charged by the exchange specialist,
market makers or other participants that trade the fund shares.
The bid/ask spread on ETF shares is likely to be larger on ETFs
that are traded less frequently. In addition, in times of severe
market disruption, the bid/ask spread can increase
significantly. At those times, fund shares are most likely to be
traded at a discount to NAV, and the discount is likely to be
greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may
be the time that you most want to sell your shares. The Adviser
believes that, under normal market conditions, large market
price discounts or premiums to NAV will not be sustained because
of arbitrage opportunities.
Lack of Governmental Insurance or Guarantee.
An
investment in the fund is not a bank deposit and it is not
insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation or any other government agency.
Performance
The fund is new and therefore does not have a performance
history. Once the fund has completed a full calendar year of
operations a bar chart and table will be included that will
provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by
showing the variability of the funds returns and comparing
the funds performance to the index.
Schwab Emerging Markets Equity
ETF
tm
15
Fund fees and
expenses
The following table describes what you could expect to pay as a
fund investor. Shareholder fees are charged to you
directly by the fund. Annual operating expenses are
paid out of fund assets, so their effect is included in the
funds total return. You may also incur customary brokerage
charges when buying or selling fund shares.
Fee
table
(%)
|
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
Shareholder fees*
|
|
None
|
|
Annual operating expenses**
|
|
|
|
Management fees
|
|
0.35
|
Distribution (12b-1) fees***
|
|
0.00
|
Other expenses****
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
Total annual operating expenses
|
|
0.35
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Fees paid directly
from your investment, but the fund may impose creation and
redemption transaction fees to offset transaction costs
associated with the issuance and redemption of Creation Units. A
standard transaction fee of $8,000 is charged in connection with
the creation or redemption of a Creation Unit on the day of the
transaction. Cash purchases and redemptions of Creation Units
are subject to an additional variable charge of up to four times
the Additional Creation/Redemption Transaction Fee. See the
Creation and redemption transaction fees for creation
units section further in this prospectus.
|
|
|
**
|
Expressed as a
percentage of average net assets.
|
|
|
***
|
The fund has adopted
a Distribution and Shareholder Services (12b-1) Plan pursuant to
which the fund is subject to an annual 12b-1 fee of up to 0.25%
of its average daily net assets. However, the Board has
determined that no such fees will be charged prior to
November 14, 2011 (more than 12 months from the
commencement of the funds operations).
|
|
|
****
|
The funds
Investment Advisory Agreement provides that the Adviser will pay
the operating expenses of the fund, excluding interest expense,
taxes, any brokerage expenses, future distribution fees or
expenses (i.e., 12b-1 fees) and extraordinary or non-routine
expenses.
|
Example
Designed to help you compare expenses, the example below uses
the same assumptions as other fund prospectuses: a $10,000
investment, 5% return each year and that the funds
operating expenses remain the same. The expenses would be the
same whether you stayed in the fund or sold your shares at the
end of each period. Your actual costs may be higher or lower.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 year
|
|
|
3 years
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
36
|
|
|
$
|
113
|
|
|
|
|
|
16
Schwab Emerging Markets
Equity
ETF
tm
Fund
management
The investment adviser for the Schwab International ETFs is
Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc., (CSIM)
211 Main Street, San Francisco, CA 94105. Founded in 1989, the
firm today serves as investment adviser for all of the Schwab
Funds
®
and Laudus
Funds
®
.
The firm has more than $214 billion under management. (All
figures on this page are as of 08/31/09.)
As the investment adviser, the firm oversees the asset
management and administration of the fund. As compensation for
these services, the firm receives a management fee from the
funds, expressed as a percentage of each funds average
daily net assets.
|
|
|
Schwab International Equity
ETF
tm
|
|
0.15%
|
Schwab International Small-Cap Equity
ETF
tm
|
|
0.35%
|
Schwab Emerging Markets Equity
ETF
tm
|
|
0.35%
|
A discussion regarding the basis for the Board of Trustees
approval of the funds investment advisory agreements will
be available in the funds annual
and/or
semi-annual report.
Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement between the
Adviser and each fund, the Adviser will pay the operating
expenses of the fund, excluding interest expense, taxes, any
brokerage expenses, future distribution fees or expenses (i.e.,
12b-1 fees) and extraordinary or non-routine expenses.
Jeffrey Mortimer, CFA,
senior vice president and chief
investment officer of the Adviser, is responsible for the
overall management of each of the funds. Prior to joining the
firm in October 1997, he worked for more than eight years
in asset management.
Dustin Lewellyn, CFA,
a managing director of the Adviser,
oversees the Advisers management of ETFs. Prior to joining
the firm in May 2009, he worked for two years as director
of ETF product management and development at a major financial
institution focused on asset and wealth management. Prior to
that, he was a portfolio manager for institutional clients at a
financial services firm for three years. In addition, he held
roles in portfolio operations and product management at a large
asset management firm for more than 6 years.
Agnes Hong, CFA,
a managing director and portfolio
manager of the Adviser, has
day-to-day
responsibility for the management of the funds. Prior to joining
the firm in September 2009, she worked for more than
5 years as a portfolio manager for a major asset management
firm.
Additional information about the portfolio managers
compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio managers
and the portfolio managers ownership of securities in the
funds is available in the Statement of Additional Information.
Other
considerations
Distribution and Shareholder Services (12b-1) Plan.
Each
fund has adopted a Distribution and Shareholder Services (12b-1)
Plan in accordance with
Rule 12b-1
under the 1940 Act pursuant to which each fund is subject to an
annual 12b-1 fee of up to 0.25% of the funds average daily
net assets. The plan allows the funds to pay distribution and
shareholder service fees to the funds distributor and
other firms that provide distribution and shareholder services.
However, the Board has determined that no such fees will be
charged prior to November 14, 2011 (more than
12 months from the commencement of a funds
operations). Because these fees would be paid out of each
funds assets on an on-going basis, if payments are made in
the future, these fees will increase the cost of your investment
and may cost you more than paying other types of sales charges.
Payments by the Adviser.
The Adviser may, from time to
time, at its own expense, compensate purchasers of Creation
Units who have purchased substantial amounts of Creation
17
Units and other financial institutions for administrative or
marketing services. These payments may be made from profits
received by the Adviser from management fees paid to the Adviser
by the funds. Such activities by the Adviser may provide
incentives to financial institutions to purchase or market
shares of the funds. Additionally, these activities may give the
Adviser additional access to sales representatives of such
financial institutions, which may increase sales of fund shares.
Distributor.
The Funds Distributor is SEI
Investments Distribution Co. The Distributor, located at 1
Freedom Valley Drive, Oaks, PA 19456, is a broker-dealer
registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission
(SEC). The Distributor distributes Creation Units
for the funds and does not maintain a secondary market in shares
of the funds.
18
Investing in
the funds
On the following pages, you will find information on buying and
selling shares. Most investors will invest in the funds through
an intermediary by placing orders through their brokerage
account at Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. (Schwab) or an
account with another broker/dealer or other intermediary.
Authorized Participants (as defined in Purchase and
redemption of creation units, below) may invest directly
in the funds by placing orders for Creation Units through the
funds Distributor. Helpful information on taxes is
included as well.
19
Shares of the funds trade on national securities exchanges and
elsewhere during the trading day and can be bought and sold
throughout the trading day like other shares of publicly traded
securities. When buying or selling shares through a broker most
investors will incur customary brokerage commissions and
charges. In addition, you may incur the cost of the
spread that is, any difference between
the bid price and the ask price.
Shares of
the funds trade under the following trading symbols:
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Schwab International Equity ETF
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SCHF
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Schwab International Small-Cap Equity ETF
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SCHC
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Schwab Emerging Markets Equity ETF
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SCHE
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Shares of the funds may be acquired or redeemed directly from
the funds only in Creation Units or multiples thereof; as
discussed in the Creation and redemption section
below. Once created, shares of the fund trade in the secondary
market in amounts less than a Creation Unit. The funds do not
impose any minimum investment for shares of the funds purchased
on an exchange or in the secondary market. Except when
aggregated in Creation Units, shares are not redeemable by the
funds.
Share trading
prices
As with other types of securities, the trading prices of shares
in the secondary market can be affected by market forces such as
supply and demand, economic conditions and other factors. The
price you pay or receive when you buy or sell your shares in the
secondary market may be more (a premium) or less (a discount)
than the NAV of such shares.
The approximate value of shares of the funds are disseminated
every fifteen seconds throughout the trading day by the national
securities exchange on which the funds are listed or by other
information providers. This approximate value should not be
viewed as a real-time update of the NAV, because the
approximate value may not be calculated in the same manner as
the NAV, which is computed once per day. The approximate value
generally is determined by using current market quotations
and/or
price
quotations obtained from broker-dealers that may trade in the
portfolio securities held by the funds. The funds and Adviser
are not involved in, or responsible for, the calculation or
dissemination of the approximate value and make no warranty as
to its accuracy.
Determination of
net asset value
The NAV of the funds shares is calculated as of the close
of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange, generally
4:00 p.m. Eastern time, on each day the NYSE is open for
trading (each, a Business Day). NAV per share is
calculated by dividing the funds net assets by the number
of the funds shares outstanding.
In valuing their securities, the funds use market quotes or
official closing prices if they are readily available. In cases
where quotes are not readily available, the funds may value
securities based on fair values developed using methods approved
by the funds Board of Trustees (described below).
The funds Board of Trustees has adopted procedures, which
include fair value methodologies, to fair value the funds
securities when market prices are not readily
available or are unreliable. For example, the funds may
fair value a security when a security is de-listed or its
trading is halted or suspended; when a securitys primary
pricing source is unable or unwilling to provide a price; when a
securitys primary trading market is closed during regular
market hours; or when a securitys value is materially
affected by events occurring after the close of the
securitys primary trading market.
By fair valuing securities whose prices may have been affected
by events occurring after the close of trading, the funds seek
to establish prices that investors might expect to realize upon
the current sales of these securities. The funds fair
value methodologies seek to ensure that the prices at which the
funds shares are purchased and redeemed are fair and do
not result in dilution of shareholder interest or other harm to
shareholders. Generally, when fair valuing a security, the funds
will take into account all reasonably available information that
may be relevant to a particular valuation including, but not
limited to, fundamental analytical data regarding the issuer,
information relating to the issuers business, recent
trades or offers of the security, general and specific market
conditions and the specific facts giving rise to the need to
fair value the security. The funds make fair value
determinations in good faith and in accordance with the fair
value methodologies included in the Board adopted valuation
procedures. Due to the subjective and variable nature of fair
value pricing, there can be no assurance that the funds could
obtain the fair value assigned to the security upon the sale of
such security.
Shareholders of the funds should be aware that because foreign
markets are often open on weekends and other days when the funds
are closed, the value of the funds portfolios may change
on days when it is not possible to buy or sell shares of the
funds.
20
Investing in the funds
Transactions in fund shares will be priced at NAV only if you
purchase or redeem shares directly from the funds in Creation
Units. Fund shares that are purchased or sold on a national
securities exchange will be effected at prevailing market
prices, which may be higher or lower than NAV, and may be
subject to brokerage commissions and charges. As described
below, purchases and redemptions of Creation Units will be
priced at the NAV next determined after receipt of the purchase
or redemption order.
Purchase and
redemption of creation units
Creation
and redemption
The shares that trade in the secondary market are
created at NAV. The funds issue and redeem shares
only in Creation Units, which are large blocks of shares,
typically 100,000 shares or more. Only institutional
investors, who have entered into an authorized participant
agreement (known as Authorized Participants), may
purchase or redeem Creation Units. Creation Units generally are
issued and redeemed in exchange for a specified basket of
securities approximating the holdings of the funds and a
designated amount of cash. Each Business Day, prior to the
opening of trading, the funds publish the specific securities
and designated amount of cash included in that days basket
for the funds through the National Securities Clearing
Corporation (NSCC) or other method of public
dissemination. The funds reserve the right to accept or pay out
a basket of securities or cash that differs from the published
basket. The prices at which creations and redemptions occur are
based on the next calculation of NAV after an order is received
and deemed acceptable by the Distributor. Orders from Authorized
Participants to create or redeem Creation Units will only be
accepted on a Business Day and are also subject to acceptance by
the funds and the Distributor.
Creations and redemptions must be made by an Authorized
Participant or through a firm that is either a member of the
Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC or a Depository
Trust Company participant, and in each case, must have
executed an agreement with the Distributor with respect to
creations and redemptions of Creation Unit aggregations.
Information about the procedures regarding creation and
redemption of Creation Units is included in the funds
Statement of Additional Information (SAI).
Authorized
participants and the continuous offering of shares
Because new shares may be created and issued on an ongoing
basis, at any point during the life of the funds, a
distribution, as such term is used in the Securities
Act of 1933 (Securities Act), may be occurring.
Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some
activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances,
result in them being deemed participants in a distribution in a
manner that could render them statutory underwriters and subject
to the prospectus-delivery and liability provisions of the
Securities Act. Nonetheless, any determination of whether one is
an underwriter must take into account all the relevant facts and
circumstances of each particular case.
Broker-dealers should also note that dealers who are not
underwriters, but are participating in a
distribution (as contrasted to ordinary secondary transactions),
and thus dealing with shares that are part of an unsold
allotment within the meaning of Section 4(3)(C) of
the Securities Act, would be unable to take advantage of the
prospectus delivery exemption provided by Section 4(3) of
the Securities Act. For delivery of prospectuses to exchange
members, the prospectus delivery mechanism of Rule 153
under the Securities Act is only available with respect to
transactions on a national securities exchange.
Creation
and redemption transaction fees for creation units
The funds may impose a creation transaction fee and a redemption
transaction fee to offset transfer and other transaction costs
associated with the issuance and redemption of Creation Units of
shares. The creation and redemption transaction fees applicable
to the funds are listed below. The standard creation transaction
fee is charged to each purchaser on the day such purchaser
creates a Creation Unit. The standard fee is a single charge and
will be the amount indicated below regardless of the number of
Creation Units purchased by an investor on the same day.
Similarly, the standard redemption transaction fee will be the
amount indicated regardless of the number of Creation Units
redeemed that day. Purchasers and redeemers of Creation Units
for cash will be subject to an additional variable charge up to
four times the additional amount shown below under
Additional Creation/Redemption Transaction Fee
to offset the transaction costs to the funds of buying or
selling portfolio securities. In addition, purchasers and
redeemers of shares in Creation Units are responsible for
payment of the costs of transferring securities to or out of the
funds. From time to time, the Adviser may cover the cost of any
transaction fees when believed to be in the best interests of
the funds.
The following table shows, as of November 3, 2009, the
approximate value of one Creation Unit of the funds, including
the standard creation and redemption transaction fee. These fees
are payable only by investors who purchase shares
Investing in the
funds
21
directly from the and additional funds. Retail investors who
purchase shares through their brokerage account will not pay
these fees. Investors who use the services of a broker or other
such intermediary may pay fees for such services.
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Standard
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Additional
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Approximate
Value
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Creation/Redemption
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Creation/Redemption
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Name of
Fund
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of One Creation
Unit
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Transaction
Fee
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Transaction
Fee
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Schwab International Equity ETF
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$
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2,500,000
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$
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15,000
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$
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20,000
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Schwab International Small-Cap Equity ETF
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$
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2,500,000
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$
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15,000
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$
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20,000
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Schwab Emerging Markets Equity ETF
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$
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2,500,000
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$
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8,000
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$
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20,000
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Transaction
policies
Policy regarding short-term or excessive trading.
The
funds have adopted policies and procedures with respect to
frequent purchases and redemptions of Creation Units of fund
shares. However, because the funds are ETFs, only Authorized
Participants are authorized to purchase and redeem shares
directly with the funds. Because purchase and redemption
transactions with Authorized Participants are an essential part
of the ETF process and help keep ETF trading prices in line with
NAV, the funds accommodate frequent purchases and redemptions by
Authorized Participants. Frequent purchases and redemptions for
cash may increase index tracking error and portfolio transaction
costs and may lead to realization of capital gains. Frequent
in-kind creations and redemptions do not give rise to these
concerns. The funds reserve the right to reject any purchase
order at any time.
The funds reserve the right to impose restrictions on
disruptive, excessive, or short-term trading. Such trading is
defined by the funds as purchases and sales of fund shares in
amounts and frequency determined by the funds to be significant
and in a pattern of activity that can potentially be detrimental
to the funds and their shareholders, such as by diluting the
value of the shareholders holdings, increasing fund
transaction costs, disrupting portfolio management strategy,
incurring unwanted taxable gains, or forcing funds to hold
excess levels of cash. The funds may reject purchase or
redemption orders in such instances. The funds also impose a
transaction fee on Creation Unit transactions that is designed
to offset the funds transfer and other transaction costs
associated with the issuance and redemption of the Creation
Units. Although the funds have adopted policies and procedures
designed to discourage disruptive, excessive or short-term
trading, there can be no guarantee that the funds will be able
to identify and restrict investors that engage in such
activities or eliminate the risks associated with such
activities. In addition, the decisions to restrict trading are
inherently subjective and involve judgment in their application.
The funds may amend these policies and procedures in response to
changing regulatory requirements or to enhance their
effectiveness.
Investments by Registered Investment Companies.
Section 12(d)(1) of the Investment Company Act of 1940
restricts investments by registered investment companies in the
securities of other investment companies, including shares of
the funds. Registered investment companies are permitted to
invest in the funds beyond the limits set forth in
section 12(d)(1), subject to certain terms and conditions
set forth in an SEC exemptive order issued to the Schwab
Strategic Trust, including that such investment companies enter
into an agreement with the funds.
Portfolio
holdings information
A description of the funds policies and procedures with
respect to the disclosure of the funds portfolio
securities is available in the funds SAI.
Distributions and
taxes
Any investment in the funds typically involves several tax
considerations
. The information below is meant as a general
summary for U.S. citizens and residents. Because each
persons tax situation is different, you should consult
your tax advisor about the tax implications of your investment
in a fund. You also can visit the Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
web site at www.irs.gov.
As a shareholder, you are entitled to your share of the
dividends and gains your fund earns
. Each fund distributes
to its shareholders substantially all of its net investment
income and net capital gains, if any, annually, although it may
do so more frequently as determined by the Board of Trustees.
These distributions typically are paid in December to all
shareholders of record. During the fourth quarter of the year,
typically in early November, an estimate of the funds
year-end distribution, if any, may be made available on the
funds website www.schwab.com/SchwabETF Prospectus.
Each fund reserves the right to declare special distributions
if, in its reasonable discretion, such action is necessary or
advisable to preserve its status as a regulated investment
company or to avoid imposition of income or excise taxes on
undistributed income or realized gains. Dividends and other
distributions on shares of the funds are distributed on a pro
rata basis to beneficial owners of such shares.
22
Investing in the funds
Unless you are investing through an IRA, 401(k) or other
tax-advantaged retirement account, your fund distributions
generally have tax consequences
. Each funds net
investment income and short-term capital gains are distributed
as dividends and will be taxable as ordinary income or qualified
dividend income. Other capital gain distributions are taxable as
long-term capital gains, regardless of how long you have held
your shares in the fund. Distributions generally are taxable in
the tax year in which they are declared, whether you reinvest
them or take them in cash.
Generally, any sale of your shares is a taxable event
. A
sale of your shares may give rise to a gain or loss. In general,
any gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares
will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares
have been held for more than 12 months. Otherwise, the gain
or loss on the taxable disposition of shares will be treated as
short-term capital gain or loss. Absent further legislation, the
reduced maximum rates on qualified dividend income and long-term
capital gains will cease to apply to taxable years beginning
after December 31, 2010. Any loss realized upon a taxable
disposition of shares held for six months or less will be
treated as long-term, rather than short-term, to the extent of
any long-term capital gain distributions received (or deemed
received) by you with respect to the shares. All or a portion of
any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares will be
disallowed if you purchase other substantially identical shares
within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a
case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted
to reflect the disallowed loss.
At the beginning of every year, the funds provide
shareholders with information detailing the tax status of any
distributions the funds paid during the previous calendar
year.
Schwab customers also receive information on
distributions and transactions in their monthly account
statements.
More on qualified dividend income and distributions.
Dividends that are designated by the funds as qualified dividend
income are eligible for a reduced maximum tax rate. Qualified
dividend income is, in general, dividend income from taxable
domestic corporations and certain foreign corporations. The
funds expect that a portion of the funds ordinary income
distributions will be eligible to be treated as qualified
dividend income subject to the reduced tax rates.
If you are investing through a taxable account and purchase
shares of the funds just before it declares a distribution, you
may receive a portion of your investment back as a taxable
distribution. This is because when the funds make a
distribution, the share price is reduced by the amount of the
distribution.
You can avoid buying a dividend, as it is often
called, by finding out if a distribution is imminent and waiting
until afterwards to invest. Of course, you may decide that the
opportunity to gain a few days of investment performance
outweighs the tax consequences of buying a dividend.
Shareholders in the funds may have additional tax
considerations as a result of foreign tax payments made by the
funds.
Typically, these payments will reduce the funds
dividends but will still be included in your taxable income. You
may be able to claim a tax credit or deduction for your portion
of foreign taxes paid by a fund, however.
Taxes on
Creation and Redemption of Creation Units
An Authorized Participant who exchanges securities for Creation
Units generally will recognize a gain or a loss equal to the
difference between the market value of the Creation Units at the
time of the exchange and the sum of the exchangers
aggregate basis in the securities surrendered and the cash
component paid. A person who redeems Creation Units will
generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference
between the exchangers basis in the Creation Units and the
sum of the aggregate market value of the securities and the
amount of cash received for such Creation Units. The Internal
Revenue Service, however, may assert that a loss realized upon
an exchange of securities for Creation Units cannot be deducted
currently under the rules governing wash sales, or
on the basis that there has been no significant change in
economic position. Persons exchanging securities for Creation
Units should consult a tax advisor with respect to whether wash
sale rules apply and when a loss might be deductible.
Any capital gain or loss realized upon a redemption (or
creation) of Creation Units is generally treated as long-term
capital gain or loss if the funds shares (or securities
surrendered) have been held for more than one year and as
short-term capital gain or loss if the shares (or securities
surrendered) have been held for one year or less.
If you purchase or redeem Creation Units, you will be sent a
confirmation statement showing how many shares you purchased or
sold and at what price. Persons purchasing or redeeming Creation
Units should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the
tax treatment of any creation or redemption transaction.
Index
provider
FTSE International Limited (FTSE) is an independent
company whose sole business is the creation and management of
indexes and associated data services. FTSE is a joint venture
between The Financial Times (FT) and the London
Stock Exchange Plc (the Exchange). FTSE calculates
more than 60,000 indexes daily, including more than 600
real-time
Investing in the
funds
23
indexes.
FTSE
tm
is a trademark jointly owned by the Exchange and FT and is used
by FTSE under license. FTSE is not affiliated with the funds,
CSIM, the Distributor or any of their respective affiliates.
CSIM has entered into a license agreement with FTSE to use the
FTSE Developed ex-US Index, FTSE All-Emerging Index and FTSE
Developed Small Cap ex-US Liquid Index (the
Indexes). Fees payable under the license agreement
are paid by CSIM. FTSE has no obligation to continue to provide
the Indexes to CSIM beyond the term of the license agreement.
Disclaimers
The funds are not in any way sponsored, endorsed, sold or
promoted by FTSE, FT or by the Exchange (together the
Licensor Parties) and none of the Licensor Parties
make any warranty or representation whatsoever, expressly or
impliedly, either as to the results to be obtained from the use
of the Indexes
and/or
the
figure at which the said Index stands at any particular time on
any particular day or otherwise. The Licensor Parties make no
representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of
shares of the funds or any member of the public regarding the
advisability of trading in the funds. The Indexes are compiled
and calculated by FTSE. None of the Licensor Parties shall be
liable (whether in negligence or otherwise) to any person for
any error in the Indexes and none of the Licensor Parties shall
be under any obligation to advise any person of any error
therein.
FTSE
®
,
FT-SE
®
,
Footsie
®
,
FTSE4Good
®
and
techMARK
®
are trade marks of the Exchange and FT and are used by FTSE
under license.
All-World
®
,
All-Share
®
and
All-Small
®
are trade marks of FTSE.
Shares of the funds are not sponsored, endorsed or promoted by
NYSE Arca, Inc. NYSE Arca makes no representation or warranty,
express or implied, to the owners of the shares of the funds or
any member of the public regarding the ability of a fund to
track the total return performance of its underlying index or
the ability of the underlying index to track stock market
performance. NYSE Arca is not responsible for, nor has it
participated in, the determination of the compilation or the
calculation of any underlying index, nor in the determination of
the timing of, prices of, or quantities of shares of the funds
to be issued, nor in the determination or calculation of the
equation by which the shares are redeemable. NYSE Arca has no
obligation or liability to owners of the shares of the funds in
connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the
shares of the funds.
NYSE Arca shall have no liability for damages, claims, losses or
expenses caused by any errors, omissions, or delays in
calculating or disseminating any current index or portfolio
value; the current value of the portfolio of securities required
to be deposited to the funds; the amount of any dividend
equivalent payment or cash distribution to holders of shares of
the funds; net asset value; or other information relating to the
creation, redemption or trading of shares of the funds,
resulting from any negligent act or omission by NYSE Arca, or
any act, condition or cause beyond the reasonable control of
NYSE Arca, including, but not limited to, an act of God; fire;
flood; extraordinary weather conditions; war; insurrection;
riot; strike; accident; action of government; communications or
power failure; equipment or software malfunction; or any error,
omission or delay in the reporting of transactions in one or
more underlying securities. NYSE Arca makes no warranty, express
or implied, as to results to be obtained by any person or entity
from the use of any underlying index or data included therein
and NYSE Arca makes no express or implied warranties, and
disclaims all warranties of merchantability or fitness for a
particular purpose with respect to shares of the funds or any
underlying index or data included therein.
The funds and CSIM do not guarantee the accuracy and/or the
completeness of the indexes or any data included therein and
shall have no liability for any errors, omissions, or
interruptions therein. the funds and CSIM make no warranty,
express or implied, as to results to be obtained by the funds,
or any other person or entity from the use of indexes or any
data included therein. the funds and CSIM make no express or
implied warranties, and expressly disclaims all warranties, of
merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or use with
respect to the indexes or any data included therein, without
limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall the funds and
CSIM have any liability for any lost profits or indirect,
punitive, special or consequential damages (including lost
profits), even if notified of the possibility of such damages.
24
Investing in the funds
THIS IS NOT PART OF THE PROSPECTUS
A
Commitment to Your Privacy
Your
Privacy Is Not for Sale
We do not and will not sell your personal information to anyone,
for any reason.
We are committed to protecting the privacy of information we
maintain about you. Below are details about our commitment,
including the types of information we collect and how we use and
share that information. This Privacy Notice applies to you only
if you are an individual who invests directly in the funds by
placing orders through the funds transfer agent. If you
place orders through your brokerage account at Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc. or an account with another
broker-dealer, investment advisor, 401(k) plan, employee benefit
plan, administrator, bank or other financial intermediary, you
are covered by the privacy policies of that financial
institution and should consult those policies.
How We
Collect Information About You
We collect personal information about you in a number of ways.
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APPLICATION AND REGISTRATION INFORMATION.
|
We collect personal information from you when you open an
account or utilize one of our services. We may also collect
information about you from third parties such as consumer
reporting agencies to verify your identity. The information we
collect may include personal information, including your Social
Security number, as well as details about your interests,
investments and investment experience.
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TRANSACTION AND EXPERIENCE INFORMATION.
|
Once your account has been opened, we collect and maintain
personal information about your account activity, including your
transactions, balances, positions and history. This information
allows us to administer your account and provide the services
you have requested.
Website
usage.
When you visit our websites, we may use devices known as
cookies, graphic interchange format files (GIFs), or
other similar web tools to enhance your web experience. These
tools help us to recognize you, maintain your web session, and
provide a more personalized experience. To learn more, please
click the Privacy link on our website.
How We
Share and Use Your Information
We provide access to information about you to our affiliated
companies, outside companies and other third parties in certain
limited circumstances, including:
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to help us process transactions for your account;
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when we use other companies to provide services for us, such as
printing and mailing your account statements;
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when we believe that disclosure is required or permitted under
law (for example, to cooperate with regulators or law
enforcement, resolve consumer disputes, perform
credit/authentication checks, or for risk control).
|
State
Laws
We will comply with state laws that apply to the disclosure or
use of information about you.
Safeguarding
Your
Information
Security Is a Partnership
We take precautions to ensure the information we collect about
you is protected and is accessed only by authorized individuals
or organizations.
Companies we use to provide support services are not allowed to
use information about our shareholders for their own purposes
and are contractually obligated to maintain strict
confidentiality. We limit their use of information to the
performance of the specific services we have requested.
We restrict access to personal information by our employees and
agents. Our employees are trained about privacy and are required
to safeguard personal information.
We maintain physical, electronic and procedural safeguards that
comply with federal standards to guard your nonpublic personal
information.
Contact
Us
To provide us with updated information, report suspected fraud
or identity theft, or for any other questions, please call one
of the numbers below.
Schwab
ETFs
tm
direct investors:
1-800-435-4000
(c) 2009 Schwab
ETFs
tm
.
All rights reserved.
To learn more
This prospectus
contains important information on the funds and should be read
and kept for reference. You also can obtain more information
from the following sources.
Annual and
semi-annual
reports,
which are mailed to current fund investors, contain more
information about the funds holdings and detailed
financial information about the funds. Annual reports also
contain information from the funds managers about
strategies, recent market conditions and trends and their impact
on fund performance.
The
Statement of
Additional Information (SAI)
includes a more detailed
discussion of investment policies and the risks associated with
various investments. The SAI is incorporated by reference into
the prospectus, making it legally part of the prospectus.
For a free copy of
any of these documents or to request other information or ask
questions about the funds, call Schwab
ETFs
tm
at
1-800-435-4000.
In addition, you may visit Schwab ETFs web site at
www.schwab.com/SchwabETFProspectus for a free copy of a
prospectus, SAI or an annual or semi-annual report.
The SAI, the
funds annual and semi-annual reports and other related
materials are available from the EDGAR Database on the
SECs web site (http://www.sec.gov). You can obtain copies
of this information, after paying a duplicating fee, by sending
a request by
e-mail
to
publicinfo@sec.gov or by writing the Public Reference Section of
the SEC, Washington, D.C.
20549-1520.
You can also review and copy information about the funds,
including the funds SAI, at the SECs Public
Reference Room in Washington, D.C. Call 1-202-551-8090 for
information on the operation of the SECs Public Reference
Room.
SEC File
Number
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Schwab Strategic Trust
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811-22311
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Schwab
International ETFs
Prospectus
November 3, 2009
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Schwab ETFs
Schwab U.S. Broad Market ETF
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap ETF
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Growth ETF
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Value ETF
Schwab U.S. Small-Cap ETF
Schwab International Equity ETF
Schwab International Small-Cap Equity ETF
Schwab Emerging Markets Equity ETF
November 3, 2009
The Statement of Additional Information (SAI) is not a prospectus. It should be read in conjunction
with the funds prospectuses, each dated November 3, 2009 (as amended from time to time). To obtain
a free copy of any of the prospectuses, please contact Schwab ETFs at 1-800-435-4000. For TDD
service call 1-800-345-2550. The prospectus also may be available on the Internet at:
http://www.schwab.com/SchwabETFProspectus.
Each fund is a series of the Schwab Strategic Trust (the trust). The funds are part of the Schwab
complex of funds.
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20
21
26
26
28
30
33
33
34
38
48
REG50329-00
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES, STRATEGIES, RISKS AND LIMITATIONS
Investment Objectives
Each funds investment objective is not fundamental and therefore may be changed by the funds
board of trustees without shareholder approval.
The Schwab U.S. Broad Market ETF seeks to track as closely as possible, before fees and expenses,
the total return of the Dow Jones U.S. Broad Stock Market Index.
The Schwab U.S. Large-Cap ETF seeks to track as closely as possible, before fees and expenses, the
total return of the Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap Total Stock Market Index.
The Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Growth ETF seeks to track as closely as possible, before fees and
expenses, the total return of the Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap Growth Total Stock Market Index.
The Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Value ETF seeks to track as closely as possible, before fees and
expenses, the total return of the Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap Value Total Stock Market Index.
The Schwab U.S. Small-Cap ETF seeks to track as closely as possible, before fees and expenses, the
total return of the Dow Jones U.S. Small-Cap Total Stock Market Index.
The Schwab International Equity ETF seeks to track as closely as possible, before fees and
expenses, the total return of the FTSE Developed ex-US Index.
The Schwab International Small-Cap Equity ETF seeks to track as closely as possible, before fees
and expenses, the total return of the FTSE Developed Small Cap ex-US Liquid Index.
The Schwab Emerging Markets Equity ETF seeks to track as closely as possible, before fees and
expenses, the total return of the FTSE All-Emerging Index.
There is no guarantee the funds will achieve their investment objectives.
Description of Benchmark Indices
The Schwab U.S. Broad Market ETFs benchmark index, Dow Jones U.S. Broad Stock Market
Index
SM
, includes the largest 2,500 publicly traded U.S. companies for which pricing
information is readily available. The index is a float-adjusted market capitalization weighted
index that reflects the shares of securities actually available to investors in the marketplace. As
of June 30, 2009, the index was composed of 2,493 stocks.
The Schwab U.S. Large-Cap ETFs benchmark index, Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap Total Stock Market
Index
SM
, includes the large-cap portion of the Dow Jones U.S. Total Stock Market Index
actually available to investors in the marketplace. The Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap Total Stock Market
Index includes the components ranked 1-750 by full market capitalization. The index is a
float-adjusted market capitalization weighted index. As of June 30, 2009, the index was composed
of 743 stocks.
The Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Growth ETFs benchmark index, Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap Growth Total Stock
Market Index
SM
, includes the large-cap portion of the Dow Jones U.S. Total Stock Market
Index actually available to investors in the marketplace. The Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap Growth Total
Stock Market Index includes the components ranked 1-750 by full market capitalization and that are
classified as growth based on a number of factors. The index is a float-adjusted market
capitalization weighted index. As of June 30, 2009, the index was composed of 433 stocks.
The Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Value ETFs benchmark index, Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap Value Total Stock
Market Index
SM
, includes the large-cap portion of the Dow Jones U.S. Total Stock Market
Index actually available to investors in the marketplace. The Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap Value Total
Stock Market Index includes the components ranked 1-750 by full market capitalization and that are
classified as value based on a number of factors. The index is a float-adjusted market
capitalization weighted index. As of June 30, 2009, the index was composed of 310 stocks.
2
The Schwab U.S. Small-Cap ETFs benchmark index, Dow Jones U.S. Small-Cap Total Stock Market
Index
SM
, includes the small-cap portion of the Dow Jones U.S. Total Stock Market Index
actually available to investors in the marketplace. The Dow Jones U.S. Small-Cap Total Stock Market
Index includes the components ranked 751-2500 by full market capitalization. The index is a
float-adjusted market capitalization weighted index. As of
June 30, 2009, the index was composed
of 1,750 stocks.
The Schwab International Equity ETFs benchmark, the FTSE Developed ex-US Index, is comprised of
large and mid capitalization companies in developed countries outside the United States, as defined
by the index provider. The index defines the large and mid capitalization universe as approximately
the top 90% of the eligible universe. As of June 30, 2009, the index was composed of 1,325 stocks
in 23 developed market countries.
The Schwab International Small-Cap Equity ETFs benchmark, the FTSE Developed Small Cap ex-US
Liquid Index, is comprised of small capitalization companies in developed countries outside the
United States, as defined by the index provider. The index defines the small capitalization
universe as approximately the bottom 10% of the eligible universe with a minimum free float
capitalization of $150 million. As of June 30, 2009, the index was composed of 1820 stocks in 23
developed market countries.
The Schwab Emerging Markets Equity ETFs benchmark, the FTSE All-Emerging Index, is comprised of
large and mid capitalization companies in emerging market countries, as defined by the index
provider. The index defines the large and mid capitalization universe as approximately the top 90%
of the eligible universe. As of June 30, 2009, the index was composed of 824 stocks in 23 emerging
market countries.
Index
Providers and Disclaimers
Dow Jones Indexes, a business unit of Dow Jones & Company, Inc., is a full service index provider
which develops, maintains and licenses indexes for use as benchmarks and as the basis of investment
products. Dow Jones & Company, Inc. is a News Corporation company (NYSE: NWS). Dow Jones is a
leading provider of global business news and information services. Dow Jones only relationship to
the funds and CSIM (as defined herein) is the licensing of certain trademarks and trade names of
Dow Jones and of the Dow Jones U.S. Broad Stock Market Index
SM
, Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap
Total Stock Market Index
SM
, Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap Growth Total Stock Market
Index
SM
, Dow Jones U.S. Large-Cap Value Total Stock Market Index
SM
, and Dow
Jones U.S. Small-Cap Total Stock Market IndexSM (the Dow Jones Indexes). The funds are not
sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Dow Jones.
Dow Jones does not guarantee the accuracy and/or the completeness of the Dow Jones indexes or any
data included therein and Dow Jones shall have no liability for any errors, omissions, or
interruptions therein. Dow Jones makes no warranty, express or implied, as to results to be
obtained by CSIM, owners of the shares of the funds, or any other person or entity from the use of
Dow Jones indexes or any data included therein. Dow Jones makes no express or implied warranties,
and expressly disclaims all warranties, of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or
use with respect to the Dow Jones indexes or any data included therein, without limiting any of the
foregoing, in no event shall Dow Jones have any liability for any lost profits or indirect,
punitive, special or consequential damages (including lost profits), even if notified of the
possibility of such damages. There are no third party beneficiaries of any agreements or
arrangements between Dow Jones and CSIM.
FTSE International Limited (FTSE) is an independent company whose sole business is the creation
and management of indexes and associated data services. FTSE is a joint venture between The
Financial Times Limited (FT) and the London Stock Exchange Plc (the Exchange). FTSE calculates
more than 60,000 indexes daily, including more than 600 real-time indexes.
FTSE
tm
is a trademark jointly owned by the Exchange and FT and is used by
FTSE under license. FTSE is not affiliated with the funds, CSIM (as defined herein), the
Distributor (as defined herein) or any of their respective affiliates. The funds are not sponsored,
endorsed, sold or promoted by FTSE, FT or the Exchange. FTSE, FT and the Exchange make no
representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of shares of the funds or any member
of the public regarding the advisability of trading in the funds, and make no warranty or
representation whatsoever, expressly or impliedly, either as to the results to be obtained from the
use of the FTSE Indexes and/or the figure at which the said FTSE Index stands at any particular
time on any particular day or otherwise.
Shares of
the funds are not sponsored, endorsed or promoted by NYSE Arca Inc. NYSE Arca makes no
representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of the shares of the funds or any
member of the public regarding the ability of the funds to track the total return performance of
any underlying index or the ability of the underlying index to track stock market performance. NYSE
Arca is not responsible for, nor has it participated in, the determination of the compilation or
the calculation of an underlying index, nor in the determination of the timing of, prices of, or
quantities of shares of the funds to be issued, nor in the determination or calculation of the
equation by which the shares are redeemable. NYSE Arca has no obligation or liability to owners of
the shares of the funds in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the shares
of the funds.
3
NYSE Arca shall have no liability for damages, claims, losses or expenses caused by any errors,
omissions, or delays in calculating or disseminating any current index or portfolio value the
current value of the portfolio of securities required to be deposited to the funds; the amount of
any dividend equivalent payment or cash distribution to holders of shares of the funds; net asset
value; or other information relating to the creation, redemption or trading of shares of the funds,
resulting from any negligent act or omission by NYSE Arca, or any act, condition or cause beyond
the reasonable control of NYSE Arca, including, but not limited to, an act of God; fire; flood;
extraordinary weather conditions; war; insurrection; riot; strike; accident; action of government;
communications or power failure; equipment or software malfunction; or any error, omission or delay
in the reporting of transactions in one or more underlying securities. NYSE Arca makes no warranty,
express or implied, as to results to be obtained by any person or entity from the use of any
underlying index or data included therein and NYSE Arca makes no express or implied warranties, and
disclaims all warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose with respect to
shares of the funds or any underlying index or data included therein.
Fund Investment Policies
The Schwab U.S. Broad Market ETF will, under normal circumstances, invest at least 90% of its net
assets in the stocks of its benchmark index. The fund will notify its shareholders at least 60 days
before changing this policy. For purposes of this policy, net assets mean net assets plus the
amount of any borrowings for investment purposes.
The Schwab U.S. Large-Cap ETF will, under normal circumstances, invest at least 90% of its net
assets in the stocks of its benchmark index. The fund will notify its shareholders at least 60 days
before changing this policy. For purposes of this policy, net assets mean net assets plus the
amount of any borrowings for investment purposes.
The Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Growth ETF will, under normal circumstances, invest at least 90% of its
net assets in the stocks of its benchmark index. The fund will notify its shareholders at least 60
days before changing this policy. For purposes of this policy, net assets mean net assets plus the
amount of any borrowings for investment purposes.
The Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Value ETF will, under normal circumstances, invest at least 90% of its
net assets in the stocks of its benchmark index. The fund will notify its shareholders at least 60
days before changing this policy. For purposes of this policy, net assets mean net assets plus the
amount of any borrowings for investment purposes.
The Schwab U.S. Small-Cap ETF will, under normal circumstances, invest at least 90% of its net
assets in the stocks of its benchmark index. The fund will notify its shareholders at least 60 days
before changing this policy. For purposes of this policy, net assets mean net assets plus the
amount of any borrowings for investment purposes.
The Schwab International Equity ETF will, under normal circumstances, invest at least 90% of its
net assets in the stocks of its benchmark index, including depositary receipts representing
securities of the index; which may be in the form of American Depositary Receipts (ADRs), Global
Depositary Receipts (GDRs) and European Depositary Receipts (EDRs). The fund will notify its
shareholders at least 60 days before changing this policy. For purposes of this policy, net assets
mean net assets plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes.
The Schwab International Small-Cap Equity ETF will, under normal circumstances, invest at least
90% of its net assets in the stocks of its benchmark index, including depositary receipts
representing securities of the index; which may be in the form of ADRs, GDRs and EDRs. The fund
will notify its shareholders at least 60 days before changing this policy. For purposes of this
policy, net assets mean net assets plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes.
The Schwab Emerging Markets Equity ETF will, under normal circumstances, invest at least 90% of
its net assets in the stocks of its benchmark index, including depositary receipts representing
securities of the index; which may be in the form of ADRs, GDRs and EDRs. The fund will notify its
shareholders at least 60 days before changing this policy. For purposes of this policy, net assets
mean net assets plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes.
Investments, Risks and Limitations
The following investment strategies, risks and limitations supplement those set forth in the
prospectus and may be changed without shareholder approval unless otherwise noted. Also, policies
and limitations that state a maximum percentage of assets that may be invested in a security or
other asset, or that set forth a quality standard, shall be measured immediately after and as a
result of a funds acquisition of such security or asset unless otherwise noted. Thus, except with
respect to limitations on borrowing and futures and option contracts, any subsequent change in
values, net assets or other circumstances does not require a fund to sell an investment if it could
not then make the same investment.
4
Principal Investment Strategy Investments
Unless otherwise indicated, the following investments may be used as part of each funds
principal investment strategy.
Concentration
means that substantial amounts of assets are invested in a particular industry or
group of industries. Concentration increases investment exposure to industry risk. For example, the
automobile industry may have a greater exposure to a single factor, such as an increase in the
price of oil, which may adversely affect the sale of automobiles and, as a result, the value of the
industrys securities. As part of each funds principal investment strategy, each fund will not
concentrate its investments in a particular industry or group of industries, except that each fund
will concentrate to approximately the same extent that its benchmark index concentrates in the
securities of such particular industry or group of industries.
Depositary Receipts
(Principal investments for Schwab International Equity ETF, Schwab
International Small-Cap Equity ETF and Schwab Emerging Markets Equity ETF. Permissible
non-principal investments for each other fund). Depositary receipts include American Depositary
Receipts (ADRs) as well as other hybrid forms of ADRs, such as European Depositary Receipts
(EDRs) and Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs), are certificates evidencing ownership of shares of a
foreign issuer. Depositary receipts may be sponsored or unsponsored. These certificates are issued
by depository banks and generally trade on an established market in the United States or elsewhere.
The underlying shares are held in trust by a custodian bank or similar financial institution in the
issuers home country. The depository bank may not have physical custody of the underlying
securities at all times and may charge fees for various services, including forwarding dividends
and interest and corporate actions. ADRs are alternatives to directly purchasing the underlying
foreign securities in their national markets and currencies. However, ADRs continue to be subject
to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities.
Investments in the securities of foreign issuers may subject a fund to investment risks that differ
in some respects from those related to investments in securities of U.S. issuers. Such risks
include future adverse political and economic developments, possible imposition of withholding
taxes on income, possible seizure, nationalization or expropriation of foreign deposits, possible
establishment of exchange controls or taxation at the source or greater fluctuation in value due to
changes in exchange rates. Foreign issuers of securities often engage in business practices
different from those of domestic issuers of similar securities, and there may be less information
publicly available about foreign issuers. In addition, foreign issuers are, generally speaking,
subject to less government supervision and regulation and different accounting treatment than are
those in the United States.
Although the two types of depositary receipt facilities (unsponsored or sponsored) are similar,
there are differences regarding a holders rights and obligations and the practices of market
participants. A depository may establish an unsponsored facility without participation by (or
acquiescence of) the underlying issuer; typically, however, the depository requests a letter of
non-objection from the underlying issuer prior to establishing the facility. Holders of unsponsored
depositary receipts generally bear all the costs of the facility. The depository usually charges
fees upon the deposit and withdrawal of the underlying securities, the conversion of dividends into
U.S. dollars or other currency, the disposition of non-cash distributions, and the performance of
other services. The depository of an unsponsored facility frequently is under no obligation to
distribute shareholder communications received from the underlying issuer or to pass through voting
rights to depositary receipt holders with respect to the underlying securities.
Sponsored depositary receipt facilities are created in generally the same manner as unsponsored
facilities, except that sponsored depositary receipts are established jointly by a depository and
the underlying issuer through a deposit agreement. The deposit agreement sets out the rights and
responsibilities of the underlying issuer, the depository, and the depositary receipt holders. With
sponsored facilities, the underlying issuer typically bears some of the costs of the depositary
receipts (such as dividend payment fees of the depository), although most sponsored depositary
receipts holders may bear costs such as deposit and withdrawal fees. Depositories of most sponsored
depositary receipts agree to distribute notices of shareholder meetings, voting instructions, and
other shareholder communications and information to the depositary receipt holders at the
underlying issuers request.
Derivative Instruments
are commonly defined to include securities or contracts whose values depend
on (or derive from) the value of one or more other assets such as securities, currencies, or
commodities. These other assets are commonly referred to as underlying assets. The principal
types of derivatives used by the funds are swaps, options, futures, options on futures and, with
respect to the Schwab International Equity ETF, Schwab International Small-Cap Equity ETF and
Schwab Emerging Markets Equity ETF, forward foreign currency contracts.
A derivative instrument generally consists of, is based upon, or exhibits characteristics similar
to options or forward contracts. Options and forward contracts are considered to be the basic
building blocks of derivatives. For example, forward-based derivatives include forward contracts,
as well as exchange-traded futures. Option-based derivatives include privately negotiated,
over-the-counter (OTC) options (including caps, floors, collars, and options on forward and swap
contracts) and exchange-traded options on futures. Diverse
5
types of derivatives may be created by combining options or forward contracts in different ways,
and applying these structures to a wide range of underlying assets. Risk management strategies
include investment techniques designed to facilitate the sale of portfolio securities, manage the
average duration of the portfolio or create or alter exposure to certain asset classes, such as
equity, other debt or foreign securities.
Each fund may allocate up to 10% of its net assets to derivatives investments.
Diversification
involves investing in a wide range of securities and thereby spreading and reducing
the risks of investment. Each fund is a series of an open-end investment management company with
limited redeemability. The funds are diversified exchange traded
funds. Diversification does not eliminate the risk of market loss.
Emerging or Developing Markets
(Principal investment for Schwab Emerging Markets Equity ETF only.
Permissible non-principal investment for all other funds.) Emerging or developing markets exist in
countries that are considered to be in the initial stages of industrialization. The risks of
investing in these markets are similar to the risks of international investing in general, although
the risks are greater in emerging and developing markets. Countries with emerging or developing
securities markets tend to have economic structures that are less stable than countries with
developed securities markets. This is because their economies may be based on only a few industries
and their securities markets may trade a small number of securities. Prices on these exchanges tend
to be volatile, and securities in these countries historically have offered greater potential for
gain (as well as loss) than securities of companies located in developed countries.
Equity Securities
represent ownership interests in a company, and are commonly called stocks.
Equity securities historically have outperformed most other securities, although their prices can
fluctuate based on changes in a companys financial condition, market conditions and political,
economic or even company-specific news. When a stocks price declines, its market value is lowered
even though the intrinsic value of the company may not have changed. Sometimes factors, such as
economic conditions or political events, affect the value of stocks of companies of the same or
similar industry or group of industries, and may affect the entire stock market.
Types of equity securities include common stocks, preferred stocks, convertible securities,
warrants, ADRs, EDRs, and interests in real estate investment trusts, (for more information on real
estate investment trusts, REITs, see the section entitled Real Estate Investment Trusts).
Common stocks, which are probably the most recognized type of equity security, represent an equity
or ownership interest in an issuer and usually entitle the owner to voting rights in the election
of the corporations directors and any other matters submitted to the corporations shareholders
for voting, as well as to receive dividends on such stock. The market value of common stock can
fluctuate widely, as it reflects increases and decreases in an issuers earnings. In the event an
issuer is liquidated or declares bankruptcy, the claims of bond owners, other debt holders and
owners of preferred stock take precedence over the claims of common stock owners.
Preferred stocks are a permissible non-principal investment for each fund. Preferred stocks
represent an equity or ownership interest in an issuer but do not ordinarily carry voting rights,
though they may carry limited voting rights. Preferred stocks normally have preference over the
corporations assets and earnings, however. For example, preferred stocks have preference over
common stock in the payment of dividends. Preferred stocks normally pay dividends at a specified
rate. However, preferred stock may be purchased where the issuer has omitted, or is in danger of
omitting, payment of its dividend. Such investments would be made primarily for their capital
appreciation potential. In the event an issuer is liquidated or declares bankruptcy, the claims of
bond owners take precedence over the claims of preferred and common stock owners. Certain classes
of preferred stock are convertible into shares of common stock of the issuer. By holding
convertible preferred stock, a fund can receive a steady stream of dividends and still have the
option to convert the preferred stock to common stock. Preferred stock is subject to many of the
same risks as common stock and debt securities.
Convertible securities are a permissible non-principal investment for each fund. Convertible
securities are typically preferred stocks or bonds that are exchangeable for a specific number of
another form of security (usually the issuers common stock) at a specified price or ratio. A
convertible security generally entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on bonds or
the dividend paid on preferred stock until the convertible security matures or is redeemed,
converted or exchanged. A corporation may issue a convertible security that is subject to
redemption after a specified date, and usually under certain circumstances. A holder of a
convertible security that is called for redemption would be required to tender it for redemption to
the issuer, convert it to the underlying common stock or sell it to a third party. The convertible
structure allows the holder of the convertible bond to participate in share price movements in the
companys common stock. The actual return on a convertible bond may exceed its stated yield if the
companys common stock appreciates in value and the option to convert to common stocks becomes more
valuable.
6
Convertible securities typically pay a lower interest rate than nonconvertible bonds of the same
quality and maturity because of the convertible feature. Convertible securities are also rated
below investment grade (high yield) or are not rated, and are subject to credit risk.
Prior to conversion, convertible securities have characteristics and risks similar to
nonconvertible debt and equity securities. In addition, convertible securities are often
concentrated in economic sectors, which, like the stock market in general, may experience
unpredictable declines in value, as well as periods of poor performance, which may last for several
years. There may be a small trading market for a particular convertible security at any given time,
which may adversely impact market price and a funds ability to liquidate a particular security or
respond to an economic event, including deterioration of an issuers creditworthiness.
Convertible preferred stocks are nonvoting equity securities that pay a fixed dividend. These
securities have a convertible feature similar to convertible bonds, but do not have a maturity
date. Due to their fixed income features, convertible securities provide higher income potential
than the issuers common stock, but typically are more sensitive to interest rate changes than the
underlying common stock. In the event of a companys liquidation, bondholders have claims on
company assets senior to those of shareholders; preferred shareholders have claims senior to those
of common shareholders.
Convertible securities typically trade at prices above their conversion value, which is the current
market value of the common stock received upon conversion, because of their higher yield potential
than the underlying common stock. The difference between the conversion value and the price of a
convertible security will vary depending on the value of the underlying common stock and interest
rates. When the underlying value of the common stocks declines, the price of the issuers
convertible securities will tend not to fall as much because the convertible securitys income
potential will act as a price support. While the value of a convertible security also tends to rise
when the underlying common stock value rises, it will not rise as much because their conversion
value is more narrow. The value of convertible securities also is affected by changes in interest
rates. For example, when interest rates fall, the value of convertible securities may rise because
of their fixed income component.
Warrants are a permissible non-principal investment for each fund. Warrants are types of securities
usually issued with bonds and preferred stock that entitle the holder to purchase a proportionate
amount of common stock at a specified price for a specific period of time. The prices of warrants
do not necessarily move parallel to the prices of the underlying common stock. Warrants have no
voting rights, receive no dividends and have no rights with respect to the assets of the issuer. If
a warrant is not exercised within the specified time period, it will become worthless and a fund
will lose the purchase price it paid for the warrant and the right to purchase the underlying
security.
Initial Public Offering.
As part of its non-principal investment strategy, each fund may purchase
shares issued as part of, or a short period after, a companys initial public offering (IPOs),
and may at times dispose of those shares shortly after their acquisition. A funds purchase of
shares issued in IPOs exposes it to the risks associated with companies that have little operating
history as public companies, as well as to the risks inherent in those sectors of the market where
these new issuers operate. The market for IPO issuers has been volatile, and share prices of
newly-public companies have fluctuated significantly over short periods of time.
Master Limited Partnerships
(MLPs). As part of its non-principal investment strategy, each fund
may purchase units of MLPs. MLPs are limited partnerships or limited liability companies, whose
partnership units or limited liability interests are listed and traded on a U.S. securities
exchange, and are treated as publicly traded partnerships for federal income tax purposes. To
qualify to be treated as a partnership for tax purposes, an MLP must receive at least 90% of its
income from qualifying sources as set forth in Section 7704(d) of the Internal Revenue Code of
1986, as amended (the Code). These qualifying sources include activities such as the exploration,
development, mining, production, processing, refining, transportation, storage and marketing of
mineral or natural resources. MLPs generally have two classes of owners, the general partner and
limited partners. MLPs that are formed as limited liability companies generally have two analogous
classes of owners, the managing member and the members. For purposes of this section, references to
general partners also apply to managing members and references to limited partners also apply to
members. The general partner is typically owned by a major energy company, an investment fund, the
direct management of the MLP or is an entity owned by one or more of such parties. The general
partner may be structured as a private or publicly traded corporation or other entity. The general
partner typically controls the operations and management of the MLP through an equity interest of
as much as 2% in the MLP plus, in many cases, ownership of common units and subordinated units.
Limited partners own the remainder of the MLP through ownership of common units and have a limited
role in the MLPs operations and management.
MLPs are typically structured such that common units and general partner interests have first
priority to receive quarterly cash distributions up to an established minimum amount (minimum
quarterly distributions or MQD). Common and general partner
7
interests also accrue arrearages in distributions to the extent the MQD is not paid. Once common
and general partner interests have been paid, subordinated units receive distributions of up to the
MQD; however, subordinated units do not accrue arrearages. Distributable cash in excess of the MQD
paid to both common and subordinated units is distributed to both common and subordinated units
generally on a pro rata basis. The general partner is also eligible to receive incentive
distributions if the general partner operates the business in a manner which results in
distributions paid per common unit surpassing specified target levels. As the general partner
increases cash distributions to the limited partners, the general partner receives an increasingly
higher percentage of the incremental cash distributions. A common arrangement provides that the
general partner can reach a tier where it receives 50% of every incremental dollar paid to common
and subordinated unit holders. These incentive distributions encourage the general partner to
streamline costs, increase capital expenditures and acquire assets in order to increase the
partnerships cash flow and raise the quarterly cash distribution in order to reach higher tiers.
Such results benefit all security holders of the MLP.
General partner interests of MLPs are typically retained by an MLPs original sponsors, such as its
founders, corporate partners, entities that sell assets to the MLP and investors such as us. A
holder of general partner interests can be liable under certain circumstances for amounts greater
than the amount of the holders investment in the general partner interest. General partner
interests often confer direct board participation rights and in many cases, operating control, over
the MLP. These interests themselves are not publicly traded, although they may be owned by publicly
traded entities. General partner interests receive cash distributions, typically 2% of the MLPs
aggregate cash distributions, which are contractually defined in the partnership agreement. In
addition, holders of general partner interests typically hold incentive distribution rights,
which provide them with a larger share of the aggregate MLP cash distributions as the
distributions to limited partner unit holders are increased to prescribed levels. General partner
interests generally cannot be converted into common units. The general partner interest can be
redeemed by the MLP if the MLP unitholders choose to remove the general partner, typically with a
supermajority vote by limited partner unitholders.
Exchange Traded Funds
(ETFs) such as the funds or Standard and Poors Depositary Receipts
(SPDRs) Trust, are investment companies that typically are registered under the Investment
Company Act of 1940 (1940 Act) as open-end fund as is the funds case or unit investment trusts
(UITs). ETFs are actively traded on national securities exchanges and are generally based on
specific domestic and foreign market indices. Shares of an ETF may be bought and sold through the
day at market prices, which may be higher or lower than the shares net asset value. An
index-based ETF seeks to track the performance of an index holding in its portfolio either the
contents of the index or a representative sample of the securities in the index. Because ETFs are
based on an underlying basket of stocks or an index, they are subject to the same market
fluctuations as these types of securities in volatile market swings. ETFs, like mutual funds, have
expenses associated with their operation, including advisory fees. When a fund invests in an ETF,
in addition to directly bearing expenses associated with its own operations, it will bear a pro
rata portion of the ETFs expenses. As with any exchange listed security, ETF shares purchased in
the secondary market are subject to customary brokerage charges.
Foreign Securities
(Principal investment of the Schwab International Equity ETF, Schwab
International Small-Cap Equity ETF and Schwab Emerging Markets Equity ETF only. Permissible
non-principal investment for all other funds). Foreign securities involve additional risks,
including foreign currency exchange rate risks, because they are issued by foreign entities,
including foreign governments, banks and corporations or because they are traded principally
overseas. Foreign securities in which a fund may invest include foreign entities that are not
subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, practices and
requirements comparable to those applicable to U.S. corporations. In addition, there may be less
publicly available information about foreign entities. Foreign economic, political and legal
developments, as well as fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates and withholding taxes, could
have more dramatic effects on the value of foreign securities. For example, conditions within and
around foreign countries, such as the possibility of expropriation or confiscatory taxation,
political or social instability, diplomatic developments, change of government or war could affect
the value of foreign investments. Moreover, individual foreign economies may differ favorably or
unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as growth of gross national product, rate of
inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and balance of payments position.
Foreign securities typically have less volume and are generally less liquid and more volatile than
securities of U.S. companies. Fixed commissions on foreign securities exchanges are generally
higher than negotiated commissions on U.S. exchanges, although a fund will endeavor to achieve the
most favorable overall results on portfolio transactions. There is generally less government
supervision and regulation of foreign securities exchanges, brokers, dealers and listed companies
than in the United States, thus increasing the risk of delayed settlements of portfolio
transactions or loss of certificates for portfolio securities. There may be difficulties in
obtaining or enforcing judgments against foreign issuers as well. These factors and others may
increase the risks with respect to the liquidity of a fund, and its ability to meet a large number
of shareholder redemption requests.
Foreign markets also have different clearance and settlement procedures and, in certain markets,
there have been times when settlements have been unable to keep pace with the volume of securities
transactions, making it difficult to conduct such transactions. Such delays in settlement could
result in temporary periods when a portion of the assets of a fund is uninvested and no return is
earned thereon. The inability to make intended security purchases due to settlement problems could
cause a fund to miss attractive investment
8
opportunities. Losses to a fund arising out of the inability to fulfill a contract to sell such
securities also could result in potential liability for a fund.
Investments in the securities of foreign issuers may be made and held in foreign currencies. In
addition, a fund may hold cash in foreign currencies. These investments may be affected favorably
or unfavorably by changes in currency rates and in exchange control regulations, and may cause a
fund to incur costs in connection with conversions between various currencies. The rate of exchange
between the U.S. dollar and other currencies is determined by the forces of supply and demand in
the foreign exchange market as well as by political and economic factors. Changes in the foreign
currency exchange rates also may affect the value of dividends and interest earned, gains and
losses realized on the sale of securities, and net investment income and gains, if any, to be
distributed to shareholders by a fund.
Forward
Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts
(Principal investment of the Schwab
International Equity ETF, Schwab International Small-Cap Equity ETF and Schwab Emerging Markets
Equity ETF only) involve the purchase or sale of foreign currency at an established exchange rate, but with
payment and delivery at a specified future time. Many foreign securities markets do not settle trades within
a time frame that would be considered customary in the U.S. stock market. Therefore, a fund may engage
in forward foreign currency exchange contracts in order to secure exchange rates for portfolio securities
purchased or sold, but awaiting settlement. These transactions do not seek to eliminate any fluctuations in
the underlying prices of the securities involved. Instead, the transactions simply establish a rate of exchange
that can be expected when a fund settles its securities transactions in the future.
A fund may also use forward foreign currency exchange contracts to increase exposure to a foreign
currency, to shift exposure to foreign currency fluctuations from one country to another or to protect the
value of specific portfolio positions, which is called position hedging. When engaging in position
hedging, a fund may enter into forward foreign currency exchange contracts to protect against a decline in
the values of the foreign currencies in which portfolio securities are denominated (or against an increase in
the value of currency for securities that a fund expects to purchase). A fund will earmark or segregate assets
for any open positions in forwards used for non-hedging purposes and mark to market daily as may be
required under the federal securities laws.
Buying and selling forward foreign currency exchange contracts involves costs and may result in losses.
The ability of a fund to engage in these transactions may be limited by tax considerations. Although these
techniques tend to minimize the risk of loss due to declines in the value of the hedged currency, they tend
to limit any potential gain that might result from an increase in the value of such currency. Transactions in
these contracts involve certain other risks. Unanticipated fluctuations in currency prices may result in a
poorer overall performance for a fund than if it had not engaged in any such transactions. Moreover, there
may be imperfect correlation between a funds holdings of securities denominated in a particular currency
and forward contracts into which a fund enters. Such imperfect correlation may cause a fund to sustain
losses, which will prevent it from achieving a complete hedge or expose it to risk of foreign exchange loss.
Suitable hedging transactions may not be available in all circumstances and there can be no assurance that a
fund will engage in such transactions at any given time or from time to time. Also, such transactions may
not be successful and may eliminate any chance for a fund to benefit from favorable fluctuations in relevant
foreign currencies.
Forward foreign currency exchange contracts will be used primarily to adjust the foreign exchange
exposure of a fund with a view to protecting the outlook, and a fund might be expected to enter into such
contracts under the following circumstances:
Lock In.
When the investment adviser desires to lock in the U.S. dollar price on the purchase or
sale of a security denominated in a foreign currency.
Cross Hedge.
If a particular currency is expected to decrease against another currency, a fund may
sell the currency expected to decrease and purchase a currency which is expected to increase against the
currency sold in an amount approximately equal to some or all of a funds portfolio holdings denominated
in the currency sold.
Direct Hedge.
If the investment adviser wants to a eliminate substantially all of the risk of owning
a particular currency, it may employ a direct hedge back into the U.S. dollar. In such case, a fund would
enter into a forward contract to sell the currency in which a portfolio security is denominated and purchase
U.S. dollars at an exchange rate established at the time it initiated the contract. The cost of the direct hedge
transaction may offset most, if not all, of the yield advantage offered by the foreign security, but a fund
would benefit from an increase in value of the security.
Proxy Hedge.
The investment adviser might choose to use a proxy hedge, which may be less
costly than a direct hedge. In this case, a fund, having purchased a security, will sell a currency whose
value is believed to be closely linked to the currency in which the security is denominated. Interest rates
prevailing in the country whose currency was sold would be expected to be closer to those in the U.S. and
lower than those of securities denominated in the currency of the original holding. This type of hedging
entails greater risk than a direct hedge because it is dependent on a stable relationship between the two
currencies paired as proxies and the relationships can be very unstable at times.
Costs of Hedging.
When a fund purchases a foreign security with a higher interest rate than is
available on U.S. securities, the additional yield on the foreign security could be substantially reduced or
lost if a fund were to enter into a direct hedge by selling the foreign currency and purchasing the U.S.
dollar. This is what is known as the cost of hedging. Proxy hedging attempts to reduce this cost through
an indirect hedge back to the U.S. dollar. It is important to note that hedging costs are treated as capital
transactions and are not, therefore, deducted from a funds dividend distribution and are not reflected in its
yield. Instead such costs will, over time, be reflected in a funds net asset value per share.
Tax Consequences of Hedging.
Under applicable tax law, a fund may be required to limit its gains
from hedging in forward foreign currency exchange contracts. Although a fund is expected to comply with
such limits, the extent to which these limits apply is subject to tax regulations as yet unissued. Hedging
may also result in the application of the mark-to-market and straddle provisions of the Internal Revenue
Code. Those provisions could result in an increase (or decrease) in the amount of taxable dividends paid by
a fund and could affect whether dividends paid by a fund are classified as capital gains or ordinary income.
Futures Contracts
are instruments that represent an agreement between two parties that obligates
one party to buy, and the other party to sell, specific instruments at an agreed-upon price on a
stipulated future date. In the case of futures contracts relating to an index or otherwise not
calling for physical delivery at the close of the transaction, the parties usually agree to deliver
the final cash settlement price of the contract. A fund may purchase and sell futures contracts
based on securities, securities indices and foreign currencies, interest rates, or any other
futures contracts traded on U.S. exchanges or boards of trade that the Commodities Future Trading
Commission (CFTC) licenses and regulates on foreign exchanges. Consistent with CFTC regulations,
the trust has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term commodity pool operator under
the Commodity Exchange Act and, therefore, is not subject to registration or regulation as a pool
operator under the Commodity Exchange Act.
A fund must maintain a small portion of its assets in cash to process shareholder transactions in
and out of it and to pay its expenses. In order to reduce the effect this otherwise uninvested cash
would have on its performance, a fund may purchase futures contracts. Such transactions allow a
funds cash balance to produce a return similar to that of the underlying security or index on
which the futures contract is based. Also, a fund may purchase or sell futures contracts on a
specified foreign currency to fix the price in U.S. dollars of the foreign security it has
acquired or sold or expects to acquire or sell. A fund may enter into futures contracts for other
reasons as well.
When buying or selling futures contracts, a fund must place a deposit with its broker equal to a
fraction of the contract amount. This amount is known as initial margin and must be in the form
of liquid debt instruments, including cash, cash-equivalents and U.S. government securities.
Subsequent payments to and from the broker, known as variation margin may be made daily, if
necessary, as the value of the futures contracts fluctuate. This process is known as
marking-to-market. The margin amount will be returned to a fund upon termination of the futures
contracts assuming all contractual obligations are satisfied. Because margin requirements are
normally only a fraction of the amount of the futures contracts in a given transaction, futures
trading can involve a great deal of leverage. In order to avoid this, a fund will earmark or
segregate assets for any outstanding futures contracts as may be required under the federal
securities laws.
While a fund intends to purchase and sell futures contracts in order to simulate full investment,
there are risks associated with these transactions. Adverse market movements could cause a fund to
experience substantial losses when buying and selling futures contracts. Of course, barring
significant market distortions, similar results would have been expected if a fund had instead
transacted in the underlying securities directly. There also is the risk of losing any margin
payments held by a broker in the event of its bankruptcy. Additionally, a fund incurs transaction
costs (i.e. brokerage fees) when engaging in futures trading. To the extent a fund also invests in
futures in order to simulate full investment, these same risks apply.
When interest rates are rising or securities prices are falling, a fund may seek, through the sale
of futures contracts, to offset a decline in the value of their current portfolio securities. When
rates are falling or prices are rising, a fund, through the purchase of futures contracts, may
attempt to secure better rates or prices than might later be available in the market when they
effect anticipated purchases. Similarly, a fund may sell futures contracts on a specified currency
to protect against a decline in the value of that currency and their portfolio securities that are
denominated in that currency. A fund may purchase futures contracts on a foreign currency to fix
the price in U.S. dollars of a security denominated in that currency that a fund has acquired or
expects to acquire.
9
Futures contracts normally require actual delivery or acquisition of an underlying security or cash
value of an index on the expiration date of the contract. In most cases, however, the contractual
obligation is fulfilled before the date of the contract by buying or selling, as the case may be,
identical futures contracts. Such offsetting transactions terminate the original contracts and
cancel the obligation to take or make delivery of the underlying securities or cash. There may not
always be a liquid secondary market at the time a fund seeks to close out a futures position. If a
fund is unable to close out its position and prices move adversely, a fund would have to continue
to make daily cash payments to maintain its margin requirements. If a fund had insufficient cash to
meet these requirements it may have to sell portfolio securities at a disadvantageous time or incur
extra costs by borrowing the cash. Also, a fund may be required to make or take delivery and incur
extra transaction costs buying or selling the underlying securities. A fund seeks to reduce the
risks associated with futures transactions by buying and selling futures contracts that are traded
on national exchanges or for which there appears to be a liquid secondary market.
With respect to futures contracts that are not legally required to cash settle, a fund may cover
the open position by setting aside or earmarking liquid assets in an amount equal to the market
value of the futures contracts. With respect to futures contracts that are required to cash
settle, however, a fund is permitted to set aside or earmark liquid assets in an amount equal to
the funds daily marked to market (net) obligation, if any, (in other words, the funds daily net
liability, if any) rather than the market value of the futures contracts. By setting aside assets
or earmarking equal to only its net obligation under cash-settled futures, a fund will have the
ability to employ leverage to a greater extent than if the fund were required to set aside or
earmark assets equal to the full market value of the futures contract.
Indexing Strategies
involve tracking the securities represented in, and therefore the performance
of, an index. Each fund normally will invest primarily in the securities of its index. Moreover,
each fund seeks to invest so that its portfolio performs similarly to that of its index. Each fund
will seek a correlation between its performance and that of its index of 0.95 or better.
Correlation for each fund is calculated daily, according to a mathematical formula (R-squared)
which measures correlation between a funds portfolio and benchmark index returns. A perfect
correlation of 1.0 is unlikely as the funds incur operating and trading expenses unlike their
indices. The Board will monitor each funds correlation to its index on a periodic basis. If
determined to be in the best interest of a fund and its shareholders, the Board may determine to
substitute a different index for the index a fund currently tracks, such determination to be made
by the Board based on its evaluation of all pertinent facts and circumstances, including the review
of any period(s) of time for which a fund did not achieve its intended correlation and the reasons
for such non-correlation. The Board has not established any particular time period of
non-correlation that would cause the Board to automatically consider substituting a different index
for the index a fund currently tracks.
Money Market Securities
are high-quality, short term debt securities that may be issued by entities
such as the U.S. government, corporations and financial institutions (like banks). Money market
securities include commercial paper, certificates of deposit, bankers acceptances, notes and time
deposits. Certificates of deposit and time deposits are issued against funds deposited in a banking
institution for a specified period of time at a specified interest rate. Bankers acceptances are
credit instruments evidencing a banks obligation to pay a draft drawn on it by a customer. These
instruments reflect the obligation both of the bank and of the drawer to pay the full amount of the
instrument upon maturity. Commercial paper consists of short term, unsecured promissory notes
issued to finance short term credit needs.
Money market securities pay fixed, variable or floating rates of interest and are generally subject
to credit and interest rate risks. The maturity date or price of and financial assets
collateralizing a security may be structured in order to make it qualify as or act like a money
market security. These securities may be subject to greater credit and interest rate risks than
other money market securities because of their structure. Money market securities may be issued
with puts or sold separately, sometimes called demand features or guarantees, which are agreements
that allow the buyer to sell a security at a specified price and time to the seller or put
provider. When a fund buys a put, losses could occur as a result of the costs of the put or if it
exercises its rights under the put and the put provider does not perform as agreed.
A fund may keep a portion of its assets in cash for business operations. In order to reduce the
effect this otherwise uninvested cash would have on its performance, a fund may invest in money
market securities. A fund may also invest in money market securities to the extent it is consistent
with its investment objective.
Options Contracts
generally provide the right to buy or sell a security, commodity, futures
contract or foreign currency in exchange for an agreed upon price. If the right is not exercised
after a specified period, the option expires and the option buyer forfeits the money paid to the
option seller.
10
A call option gives the buyer the right to buy a specified number of shares of a security at a
fixed price on or before a specified date in the future. For this right, the call option buyer pays
the call option seller, commonly called the call option writer, a fee called a premium. Call option
buyers are usually anticipating that the price of the underlying security will rise above the price
fixed with the call writer, thereby allowing them to profit. If the price of the underlying
security does not rise, the call option buyers losses are limited to the premium paid to the call
option writer. For call option writers, a rise in the price of the underlying security will be
offset in part by the premium received from the call option buyer. If the call option writer does
not own the underlying security, however, the losses that may ensue if the price rises could be
potentially unlimited. If the call option writer owns the underlying security or commodity, this is
called writing a covered call. All call and put options written by a fund will be covered, which
means that a fund will own the securities subject to the option so long as the option is
outstanding or a fund will earmark or segregate assets for any outstanding option contracts.
A put option is the opposite of a call option. It gives the buyer the right to sell a specified
number of shares of a security at a fixed price on or before a specified date in the future. Put
option buyers are usually anticipating a decline in the price of the underlying security, and wish
to offset those losses when selling the security at a later date. All put options a fund writes
will be covered, which means that a fund will earmark or segregate cash, U.S. government securities
or other liquid securities with a value at least equal to the exercise price of the put option. The
purpose of writing such options is to generate additional income for a fund. However, in return for
the option premium, a fund accepts the risk that they may be required to purchase the underlying
securities at a price in excess of the securities market value at the time of purchase.
A fund may purchase and write put and call options on any securities in which they may invest or
any securities index or basket of securities based on securities in which they may invest. In
addition, a fund may purchase and sell foreign currency options and foreign currency futures
contracts and related options. A fund may purchase and write such options on securities that are
listed on domestic or foreign securities exchanges or traded in the over-the-counter market. Like
futures contracts, option contracts are rarely exercised. Option buyers usually sell the option
before it expires. Option writers may terminate their obligations under a written call or put
option by purchasing an option identical to the one it has written. Such purchases are referred to
as closing purchase transactions. A fund may enter into closing sale transactions in order to
realize gains or minimize losses on options they have purchased or wrote.
An exchange-traded currency option position may be closed out only on an options exchange that
provides a secondary market for an option of the same series. Although a fund generally will
purchase or write only those options for which there appears to be an active secondary market,
there is no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular option or at any
particular time. If a fund is unable to effect a closing purchase transaction with respect to
options it has written, it will not be able to sell the underlying securities or dispose of assets
earmarked or held in a segregated account until the options expire or are exercised. Similarly, if
a fund is unable to effect a closing sale transaction with respect to options it has purchased, it
would have to exercise the options in order to realize any profit and will incur transaction costs
upon the purchase or sale of underlying securities.
Reasons for the absence of a liquid secondary market on an exchange include the following: (1)
there may be insufficient trading interest in certain options; (2) an exchange may impose
restrictions on opening transactions or closing transactions or both; (3) trading halts,
suspensions or other restrictions may be imposed with respect to particular classes or series of
options; (4) unusual or unforeseen circumstances may interrupt normal operations on an exchange;
(5) the facilities of an exchange or the Options Clearing Corporation (OCC) may not at all times
be adequate to handle current trading volume; or (6) one or more exchanges could, for economic or
other reasons, decide or be compelled at some future date to discontinue the trading of options (or
a particular class or series of options), although outstanding options on that exchange that had
been issued by the OCC as a result of trades on that exchange would continue to be exercisable in
accordance with their terms.
The ability to terminate over-the-counter options is more limited than with exchange-traded options
and may involve the risk that broker-dealers participating in such transactions will not fulfill
their obligations. Until such time as the staff of the SEC changes its position, a fund will treat
purchased over-the-counter options and all assets used to cover written over-the-counter options as
illiquid securities, except that with respect to options written with primary dealers in U.S.
government securities pursuant to an agreement requiring a closing purchase transaction at a
formula price, the amount of illiquid securities may be calculated with reference to a formula the
staff of the SEC approves.
Additional risks are involved with options trading because of the low margin deposits required and
the extremely high degree of leverage that may be involved in options trading. There may be
imperfect correlation between the change in market value of the securities held by a fund and the
prices of the options, possible lack of a liquid secondary market, and the resulting inability to
close such positions prior to their maturity dates.
11
A fund may write or purchase an option only when the market value of that option, when aggregated
with the market value of all other options transactions made on behalf of a fund, does not exceed
5% of its net assets.
Securities Lending
of portfolio securities is a common practice in the securities industry. A fund
may engage in security lending arrangements. For example, a fund may receive cash collateral, and
it may invest it in short term, interest-bearing obligations, but will do so only to the extent
that it will not lose the tax treatment available to regulated investment companies. Lending
portfolio securities involves risks that the borrower may fail to return the securities or provide
additional collateral. Also, voting rights with respect to the loaned securities may pass with the
lending of the securities.
A fund may loan portfolio securities to qualified broker-dealers or other institutional investors
provided: (1) the loan is secured continuously by collateral consisting of U.S. government
securities, letters of credit, cash or cash equivalents or other appropriate instruments maintained
on a daily marked-to-market basis in an amount at least equal to the current market value of the
securities loaned; (2) a fund may at any time call the loan and obtain the return of the securities
loaned; (3) a fund will receive any interest or dividends paid on the loaned securities; and (4)
the aggregate market value of securities loaned will not at any time exceed one-third of the total
assets of a fund, including collateral received from the loan (at market value computed at the time
of the loan).
Although voting rights with respect to loaned securities pass to the borrower, the lender retains
the right to recall a security (or terminate a loan) for the purpose of exercising the securitys
voting rights. Efforts to recall such securities promptly may be unsuccessful, especially for
foreign securities or thinly traded securities such as small-cap stocks. In addition, because
recalling a security may involve expenses to a fund, it is expected that a fund will do so only
where the items being voted upon are, in the judgment of the investment adviser, either material to
the economic value of the security or threaten to materially impact the issuers corporate
governance policies or structure.
Securities of Other Investment Companies
.
Investment companies generally offer investors the
advantages of diversification and professional investment management, by combining shareholders
money and investing it in securities such as stocks, bonds and money market instruments. Investment
companies include: (1) open-end funds (commonly called mutual funds) that issue and redeem their
shares on a continuous basis; (2) closed-end funds that offer a fixed number of shares, and are
usually listed on an exchange; and (3) unit investment trusts that generally offer a fixed number
of redeemable shares. Certain open-end funds, closed-end funds and unit investment trusts are
traded on exchanges.
Investment companies may make investments and use techniques designed to enhance their performance.
These may include delayed-delivery and when-issued securities transactions; swap agreements; buying
and selling futures contracts, illiquid, and/or restricted securities and repurchase agreements;
and borrowing or lending money and/or portfolio securities. The risks of investing in a particular
investment company will generally reflect the risks of the securities in which it invests and the
investment techniques it employs. Also, investment companies charge fees and incur expenses.
The funds may buy securities of other investment companies, including those of foreign issuers, in
compliance with the requirements of federal law or any SEC exemptive order. A fund may invest in
investment companies that are not registered with the SEC or privately placed securities of
investment companies (which may or may not be registered), such as hedge funds and offshore funds.
Unregistered funds are largely exempt from the regulatory requirements that apply to registered
investment companies. As a result, unregistered funds may have a greater ability to make
investments, or use investment techniques, that offer a higher potential investment return (for
example, leveraging), but which may carry high risk. Unregistered funds, while not regulated by the
SEC like registered funds, may be indirectly supervised by the financial institutions (e.g.,
commercial and investment banks) that may provide them with loans or other sources of capital.
Investments in unregistered funds may be difficult to sell, which could cause a fund selling an
interest in an unregistered fund to lose money. For example, many hedge funds require their
investors to hold their investments for at least one year.
Federal law restricts the ability of one registered investment company to invest in another. As a
result, the extent to which a fund may invest in another investment company may be limited. With
respect to investments in other mutual funds, the SEC has granted the funds an exemption from the
limitations of the 1940 Act that restrict the amount of securities of underlying mutual funds a
fund may hold, provided that certain conditions are met. The conditions requested by the SEC were
designed to address certain abuses perceived to be associated with funds of funds, including
unnecessary costs (such as sales loads, advisory fees and administrative costs), and undue
influence by a fund of funds over the underlying fund. The conditions apply only when a fund and
its affiliates in the aggregate own more than 3% of the outstanding shares of any one underlying
fund.
12
Under the terms of the exemptive order, each fund and its affiliates may not control a
non-affiliated underlying fund. Under the 1940 Act, any person who owns beneficially, either
directly or through one or more controlled companies, more than 25% of the voting securities of a
company is assumed to control that company. This limitation is measured at the time the investment
is made.
Small-Cap Stocks
(Principal investment for Schwab U.S. Broad Market ETF, Schwab U.S. Small-Cap ETF
and Schwab International Small-Cap Equity ETF only. Permissible non-principal investment for each
other fund.) Small-cap stocks include common stocks issued by operating companies with market
capitalizations that place them at the lower end of the stock market, as well as the stocks of
companies that are determined to be small based on several factors, including the capitalization of
the company and the amount of revenues. Historically, small company stocks have been riskier than
stocks issued by large- or mid-cap companies for a variety of reasons. Small-companies may have
less certain growth prospects and are typically less diversified and less able to withstand
changing economic conditions than larger capitalized companies. Small-cap companies also may have
more limited product lines, markets or financial resources than companies with larger
capitalizations, and may be more dependent on a relatively small management group. In addition,
small-cap companies may not be well known to the investing public, may not have institutional
ownership and may have only cyclical, static or moderate growth prospects. Most small company
stocks pay low or no dividends.
These factors and others may cause sharp changes in the value of a small companys stock, and even
cause some small-cap companies to fail. Additionally, small-cap stocks may not be as broadly traded
as large- or mid-cap stocks, and a funds positions in securities of such companies may be
substantial in relation to the market for such securities. Accordingly, it may be difficult for a
fund to dispose of securities of these small-cap companies at prevailing market prices in order to
meet redemptions. This lower degree of liquidity can adversely affect the value of these
securities. For these reasons and others, the value of a funds investments in small-cap stocks is
expected to be more volatile than other types of investments, including other types of stock
investments. While small-cap stocks are generally considered to offer greater growth opportunities
for investors, they involve greater risks and the share price of a fund that invests in small-cap
stocks may change sharply during the short term and long term.
Stock Substitution Strategy
is a strategy, whereby each fund may, in certain circumstances,
substitute a similar stock for a security in its index. For example, a stock issued by a foreign
corporation and included in a funds index may not be available for purchase by a fund because the
fund does not reside in the foreign country in which the stock was issued. However, the foreign
corporation may have issued a series of stock that is sold only to foreign investors such as a
fund. In these cases, a fund may buy that issue as a substitute for the security included in its
index. Each fund may invest up to 10% of its assets in stocks that are designed to substitute for
securities in its index.
Swap Agreements
are privately negotiated over-the-counter derivative products in which two parties
agree to exchange payment streams calculated in relation to a rate, index, instrument or certain
securities (referred to as the underlying) and a predetermined amount (referred to as the
notional amount). The underlying for a swap may be an interest rate (fixed or floating), a
currency exchange rate, a commodity price index, a security, group of securities or a securities
index, a combination of any of these, or various other rates, assets or indices. Swap agreements
generally do not involve the delivery of the underlying or principal, and a partys obligations
generally are equal to only the net amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the
relative values of the positions held by each party to the swap agreement.
Swap agreements can be structured to increase or decrease a funds exposure to long or short term
interest rates, corporate borrowing rates and other conditions, such as changing security prices
and inflation rates. They also can be structured to increase or decrease a funds exposure to
specific issuers or specific sectors of the bond market such as mortgage securities. For example,
if a fund agreed to pay a longer-term fixed rate in exchange for a shorter-term floating rate while
holding longer-term fixed rate bonds, the swap would tend to decrease the funds exposure to
longer-term interest rates. Swap agreements tend to increase or decrease the overall volatility of
a funds investments and its share price and yield. Changes in interest rates, or other factors
determining the amount of payments due to and from a fund, can be the most significant factors in
the performance of a swap agreement. If a swap agreement calls for payments from a fund, the fund
must be prepared to make such payments when they are due. In order to help minimize risks, a fund
will earmark or segregate appropriate assets for any accrued but unpaid net amounts owed under the
terms of a swap agreement entered into on a net basis. All other swap agreements will require a
fund to earmark or segregate assets in the amount of the accrued amounts owed under the swap. A
fund could sustain losses if a counterparty does not perform as agreed under the terms of the swap.
A fund will enter into swap agreements with counterparties deemed creditworthy by the investment
adviser. Swap counterparties will generally be primary dealers or banks rated single A or greater
or subsidiaries of entities rated A or greater. The funds do not intend to enter swap agreements
with counterparties that are unrated, unless they are subsidiaries of issuers that meet the minimum
rating requirement.
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In addition, as a non-principal investment, a fund may invest in swaptions, which are
privately-negotiated option-based derivative products that are subject to the risks of both options
and swap agreements, each of which are discussed elsewhere in this SAI. Swaptions give the holder
the right to enter into a swap. A fund may use a swaption in addition to or in lieu of a swap
involving a similar rate or index.
For purposes of applying a funds investment policies and restrictions (as stated in the prospectus
and this SAI) swap agreements are generally valued by the fund at market value. The manner in which
certain securities or other instruments are valued by a fund for purposes of applying investment
policies and restrictions may differ from the manner in which those investments are valued by other
types of investors.
Each fund may allocate up to 10% of its net assets to derivatives investments, which includes swaps
and swaptions.
U.S. Government Securities
are issued by the U.S. Treasury or issued or guaranteed by the U.S.
government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities. Not all U.S. government securities are
backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. Some U.S. government securities, such as
those issued by the Federal National Mortgage Association (known as Fannie Mae), Federal Home Loan
Mortgage Corporation (known as Freddie Mac), the Student Loan Marketing Association (known as
Sallie Mae), and the Federal Home Loan Banks, are supported by a line of credit the issuing entity
has with the U.S. Treasury. Others are supported solely by the credit of the issuing agency or
instrumentality such as obligations issued by the Federal Farm Credit Banks Funding Corporation.
There can be no assurance that the U.S. government will provide financial support to U.S.
government securities of its agencies and instrumentalities if it is not obligated to do so under
law. Of course U.S. government securities, including U.S. Treasury securities, are among the safest
securities, however, not unlike other debt securities, they are still sensitive to interest rate
changes, which will cause their yields and prices to fluctuate.
On September 7, 2008, the U.S. Treasury announced a federal takeover of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac,
placing the two federal instrumentalities in conservatorship. Under the takeover, the U.S. Treasury
agreed to acquire $1 billion of senior preferred stock of each instrumentality and obtained
warrants for the purchase of common stock of each instrumentality. Under this agreement, the U.S.
Treasury has pledged to provide up to $100 billion per instrumentality as needed, including the
contribution of cash capital to the instrumentalities in the event their liabilities exceed their
assets. This is intended to ensure that the instrumentalities maintain a positive net worth and
meet their financial obligations preventing mandatory triggering of receivership. Additionally, the
U.S. Treasury has implemented a temporary program to purchase new mortgage-backed securities issued
by the instrumentalities. This is intended to create more affordable mortgage rates for homeowners,
enhance the liquidity of the mortgage market and potentially maintain or increase the value of
existing mortgage-backed securities. The program expires in December 2009. No assurance can be
given that the U.S. Treasury initiatives will be successful.
Non-Principal Investment Strategy Investments
The following investments may be used as part of each funds non-principal investment
strategy:
Bankers Acceptances
or notes are credit instruments evidencing a banks obligation to pay a draft
drawn on it by a customer. These instruments reflect the obligation both of the bank and of the
drawer to pay the full amount of the instrument upon maturity. A fund will invest only in bankers
acceptances of banks that have capital, surplus and undivided profits in the aggregate in excess of
$100 million.
Borrowing
.
A fund may borrow money from banks for any purpose in an amount up to 1/3 of the funds
total assets. The funds also may borrow money for temporary purposes in an amount not to exceed 5%
of the funds total assets. Provisions of the 1940 Act, as amended, require the funds to maintain
continuous asset coverage (that is, total assets including borrowings, less liabilities exclusive
of borrowings) of 300% of the amount borrowed, with an exception for borrowings not in excess of 5%
of a funds total assets made for temporary purposes. Any borrowings for temporary purposes in
excess of 5% of a funds total assets must maintain continuous asset coverage. If the 300% asset
coverage should decline as a result of market fluctuations or other reasons, the funds may be
required to sell some of its portfolio holdings within three days to reduce the debt and restore
the 300% asset coverage, even though it may be disadvantageous from an investment standpoint to
sell securities at that time.
A fund may borrow for temporary or emergency purposes; for example, a fund may borrow at times to
meet redemption requests rather than sell portfolio securities to raise the necessary cash. The
funds borrowings will be subject to interest costs. Borrowing can also involve leveraging when
securities are purchased with the borrowed money. Leveraging creates interest expenses that can exceed the income from the assets
purchased with the borrowed money. In addition, leveraging may magnify changes in the net asset
value of
14
a funds shares and in its portfolio yield. A fund will earmark or segregate assets to cover such
borrowings in accordance with positions of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). If
assets used to secure a borrowing decrease in value, a fund may be required to pledge additional
collateral to avoid liquidation of those assets.
A fund may establish lines-of-credit (lines) with certain banks by which it may borrow funds for
temporary or emergency purposes. A borrowing is presumed to be for temporary or emergency purposes
if it is repaid by a fund within 60 days and is not extended or renewed. A fund may use the lines
to meet large or unexpected redemptions that would otherwise force a fund to liquidate securities
under circumstances which are unfavorable to a funds remaining shareholders. A fund will pay a fee
to the bank for using the lines.
Certificates of Deposit
or time deposits are issued against funds deposited in a banking
institution for a specified period of time at a specified interest rate. A fund will invest only in
certificates of deposit of banks that have capital, surplus and undivided profits in the aggregate
in excess of $100 million.
Commercial Paper
consists of short term, promissory notes issued by banks, corporations and other
institutions to finance short term credit needs. These securities generally are discounted but
sometimes may be interest bearing. Commercial paper, which also may be unsecured, is subject to
credit risk.
Debt Securities
are obligations issued by domestic and foreign entities, including governments and
corporations, in order to raise money. They are basically IOUs, but are commonly referred to as
bonds or money market securities. These securities normally require the issuer to pay a fixed,
variable or floating rate of interest on the amount of money borrowed (principal) until it is
paid back upon maturity.
Debt securities experience price changes when interest rates change. For example, when interest
rates fall, the prices of debt securities generally rise. Also, issuers tend to pre-pay their
outstanding debts and issue new ones paying lower interest rates.
Conversely, in a rising interest rate environment, prepayment on outstanding debt securities
generally will not occur. This is known as extension risk and may cause the value of debt
securities to depreciate as a result of the higher market interest rates. Typically,
longer-maturity securities react to interest rate changes more severely than shorter-term
securities (all things being equal), but generally offer greater rates of interest.
Debt securities also are subject to the risk that the issuers will not make timely interest and/or
principal payments or fail to make them at all. This is called credit risk. Debt instruments also
may be subject to price volatility due to market perception of future interest rates, the
creditworthiness of the issuer and general market liquidity (market risk). Investment-grade debt
securities are considered medium- or/and high-quality securities, although some still possess
varying degrees of speculative characteristics and risks.
The funds will limit their investments in debt securities to those that are rated investment-grade,
which means that the securities are rated by at least one Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating
Organization (NRSRO), such as Standard & Poors Corporation, Moodys Investors Service, Fitch,
Inc. or Dominion Bond Rating Service, in one of the four highest rating categories (within which
there may be sub-categories or gradations indicating relative standing). See Appendix A for a
description of the ratings. The ratings of NRSROs represent their opinions as to the quality of the
securities. It should be emphasized, however, that these ratings are general and are not absolute
standards of quality. Consequently, obligations with the same rating, maturity and interest rate
may have different market prices. Further, NRSROs may have conflicts of interest relating to the
issuance of a credit rating and such conflicts may affect the integrity of the credit rating
process or the methodologies used to develop credit ratings for securities. Such conflicts may
include, but are not limited to, NRSROs being paid by issuers or underwriters to determine the
credit ratings with respect to the securities they issue or underwrite, NRSROs being paid by
issuers and underwriters for services in addition to the NRSROs determination of credit ratings;
allowing persons with the NRSRO to directly own securities or money market instruments of, or
having other direct ownership interests in, issuers or obligors subject to a credit rating
determined by the NRSRO; and allowing persons within the NRSRO to have a business relationship that
is more than an arms length ordinary course of business relationship with issuers or obligors
subject to a credit rating determined by the NRSRO.
In addition, credit ratings are generally given to securities at the time of issuance. While the
rating agencies may from time to time revise such ratings, they undertake no obligation to do so,
and the ratings given to securities at issuance do not necessarily represent ratings which would be
given to these securities on a particular subsequent date. Accordingly, investors should note that
the assignment of a rating to a security by a rating service may not reflect the effect of recent
developments on the issuers ability to make interest and principal payments.
15
The market for these securities has historically been less liquid than investment grade securities.
Delayed-Delivery Transactions
include purchasing and selling securities on a delayed-delivery or
when-issued basis. These transactions involve a commitment to buy or sell specific securities at a
predetermined price or yield, with payment and delivery taking place after the customary settlement
period for that type of security. When purchasing securities on a delayed-delivery basis, a fund
assumes the rights and risks of ownership, including the risk of price and yield fluctuations.
Typically, no interest will accrue to a fund until the security is delivered. A fund will earmark
or segregate appropriate liquid assets to cover its delayed-delivery purchase obligations. When a
fund sells a security on a delayed-delivery basis, a fund does not participate in further gains or
losses with respect to that security. If the other party to a delayed-delivery transaction fails to
deliver or pay for the securities, a fund could suffer losses.
Foreign Currency Transactions
(Non-principal investments of the Schwab International Equity ETF,
the Schwab International Small-Cap Equity ETF and the Schwab Emerging Markets Equity ETF only). A
fund may invest in foreign currency-denominated securities, may purchase and sell foreign currency
options and foreign currency futures contracts and related options and may engage in foreign
currency transactions on a spot (cash) basis at the rate prevailing in the currency exchange market
at the time. A fund may engage in these transactions in order to protect against uncertainty in the
level of future foreign exchange rates in the purchase and sale of securities. A fund may also use
foreign currency options and futures to increase exposure to a foreign currency or to shift
exposure to foreign currency fluctuations from one country to another.
Buying and selling foreign currency options and foreign currency futures contracts and related
options involves costs and may result in losses. The ability of a fund to engage in these
transactions may be limited by tax considerations. Although these techniques tend to minimize the
risk of loss due to declines in the value of the hedged currency, they tend to limit any potential
gain that might result from an increase in the value of such currency. Transactions in these
contracts involve certain other risks. Unanticipated fluctuations in currency prices may result in
a poorer overall performance for a fund than if it had not engaged in any such transactions.
Moreover, there may be imperfect correlation between a funds holdings of securities denominated in
a particular currency and the currency transactions into which a fund enters. Such imperfect
correlation may cause a fund to sustain losses, which will prevent it from achieving a complete
hedge or expose it to risk of foreign exchange loss.
Suitable hedging transactions may not be available in all circumstances and there can be no
assurance that a fund will engage in such transactions at any given time or from time to time.
Also, such transactions may not be successful and may eliminate any chance for a fund to benefit
from favorable fluctuations in relevant foreign currencies.
A fund may buy or sell foreign currency options and foreign currency futures contracts and related
options under the same circumstances, and such use is subject to the same risks and costs, as those
set forth in the section Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts with respect to the funds
use of forward foreign currency exchange contracts.
Illiquid Securities
generally are any securities that cannot be disposed of promptly and in the
ordinary course of business within seven days at approximately the amount at which a fund has
valued the instruments. The liquidity of a funds investments is monitored under the supervision
and direction of the Board of Trustees. Each fund may not invest more than 15% of its net assets in
illiquid securities. In the event that a subsequent change in net assets or other circumstances
cause a fund to exceed this limitation, the fund will take steps to bring the aggregate amount of
illiquid instruments back within the limitations as soon as reasonably practicable.
In making liquidity determinations before purchasing a particular security, the Adviser considers a
number of factors including, but not limited to: the nature and size of the security; the number of
dealers that make a market in the security; and data which indicates that a securitys price has
not changed for a period of a week or longer. After purchase, it is the Advisers policy to
maintain awareness of developments in the marketplace that could cause a change in a securitys
liquid or illiquid status. Investments currently not considered liquid include repurchase
agreements not maturing within seven days and certain restricted securities.
Interfund Borrowing and Lending
.
A fund may borrow money from and/or lend money to other
funds/portfolios in the Schwab complex, including traditional mutual funds/portfolios not discussed
in this SAI or in the corresponding prospectus. All loans are for temporary or emergency purposes
and the interest rates to be charged will be the average of the overnight repurchase agreement rate
and the short term bank loan rate. All loans are subject to numerous conditions designed to ensure
fair and equitable treatment of all participating funds/portfolios. These conditions include, for
example, that a funds participation in the credit facility must be consistent with its investment
policies and limitations and organizational documents; no fund may lend to another fund through the
interfund lending facility if the loan would cause the aggregate outstanding loans through the
credit facility to exceed 15% of the lending funds current net assets at the time of the loan; and
that a funds interfund loans to any one fund shall not exceed 5% of the lending funds net assets.
With respect to the funds discussed in this SAI, a fund lending to another fund may forego gains
which could have been made had those assets been invested in securities of its applicable
underlying index. The interfund lending facility is subject to the oversight and periodic review of
the Board of Trustees.
16
Non-Publicly Traded Securities and Private Placements
.
A fund may receive in securities that are
neither listed on a stock exchange nor traded over-the-counter, including privately placed
securities. Such unlisted securities may involve a higher degree of business and financial risk
that can result in substantial losses. As a result of the absence of a public trading market for
these securities, they may be less liquid than publicly traded securities. Although these
securities may be sold in privately negotiated transactions, the prices realized from these sales
could be less than those originally paid by a fund or less than what may be considered the fair
value of such securities. Furthermore, companies whose securities are not publicly traded may not
be subject to the disclosure and other investor protection requirements which might be applicable
if their securities were publicly traded. If such securities are required to be registered under
the securities laws of one or more jurisdictions before being sold, a fund may be required to bear
the expenses of registration. Though the funds do not intend to purchase these securities, they may
receive such securities as a result of another transaction, such as the spin-off of a companys
subsidiary to a separate entity.
Promissory Notes
are written agreements committing the maker or issuer to pay the payee a specified
amount either on demand or at a fixed date in the future, with or without interest. These are
sometimes called negotiable notes or instruments and are subject to credit risk. Bank notes are
notes used to represent obligations issued by banks in large denominations.
Real Estate Investment Trusts
(REITS) are pooled investment vehicles, which invest primarily in
income producing real estate or real estate related loans or interests and, in some cases, manage
real estate. REITs are sometimes referred to as equity REITs, mortgage REITs or hybrid REITs. An
equity REIT invests primarily in properties and generates income from rental and lease properties
and, in some cases, from the management of real estate. Equity REITs also offer the potential for
growth as a result of property appreciation and from the sale of appreciated property. Mortgage
REITs invest primarily in real estate mortgages, which may secure construction, development or long
term loans, and derive income for the collection of interest payments. Hybrid REITs may combine the
features of equity REITs and mortgage REITs. REITs are generally organized as corporations or
business trusts, but are not taxed as a corporation if they meet certain requirements of Subchapter
M of the Code. To qualify, a REIT must, among other things, invest substantially all of its assets
in interests in real estate (including other REITs), cash and government securities, distribute at
least 95% of its taxable income to its shareholders and receive at least 75% of that income from
rents, mortgages and sales of property.
Like any investment in real estate, a REITs performance depends on many factors, such as its
ability to find tenants for its properties, to renew leases, and to finance property purchases and
renovations. In general, REITs may be affected by changes in underlying real estate values, which
may have an exaggerated effect to the extent a REIT concentrates its investment in certain regions
or property types. For example, rental income could decline because of extended vacancies,
increased competition from nearby properties, tenants failure to pay rent, or incompetent
management. Property values could decrease because of overbuilding, environmental liabilities,
uninsured damages caused by natural disasters, a general decline in the neighborhood, losses due to
casualty or condemnation, increases in property taxes, or changes in zoning laws. Ultimately, a
REITs performance depends on the types of properties it owns and how well the REIT manages its
properties. Additionally, declines in the market value of a REIT may reflect not only depressed
real estate prices, but may also reflect the degree of leverage utilized by the REIT.
In general, during periods of rising interest rates, REITs may lose some of their appeal for
investors who may be able to obtain higher yields from other income-producing investments, such as
long term bonds. Higher interest rates also mean that financing for property purchases and
improvements is more costly and difficult to obtain. During periods of declining interest rates,
certain mortgage REITs may hold mortgages that mortgagors elect to prepay, which can reduce the
yield on securities issued by mortgage REITs. Mortgage REITs may be affected by the ability of
borrowers to repay debts to the REIT when due and equity REITs may be affected by the ability of
tenants to pay rent.
Like small-cap stocks in general, certain REITs have relatively small market capitalizations and
their securities can be more volatile thanand at times will perform differently fromlarge-cap
stocks. In addition, because small-cap stocks are typically less liquid than large-cap stocks, REIT
stocks may sometimes experience greater share-price fluctuations than the stocks of larger
companies. Further, REITs are dependent upon specialized management skills, have limited
diversification, and are therefore subject to risks inherent in operating and financing a limited
number of projects. By investing in REITs indirectly through a fund, a shareholder will bear
indirectly a proportionate share of the REITs expenses in addition to their proportionate share of
a funds expenses. Finally, REITs could possibly fail to qualify for tax-free pass-through of
income under the Code or to maintain their exemptions from registration under the 1940 Act.
Repurchase Agreements
are instruments under which a buyer acquires ownership of certain securities
(usually U.S. government securities) from a seller who agrees to repurchase the securities at a
mutually agreed-upon time and price, thereby determining the yield during the buyers holding
period. Any repurchase agreements a fund enters into will involve a fund as the buyer and banks or
broker-dealers as sellers. The period of repurchase agreements is usually short from overnight
to one week, although the securities
17
collateralizing a repurchase agreement may have longer maturity dates. Default by the seller might
cause a fund to experience a loss or delay in the liquidation of the collateral securing the
repurchase agreement. A fund also may incur disposition costs in liquidating the collateral. In the
event of a bankruptcy or other default of a repurchase agreements seller, a fund might incur
expenses in enforcing its rights, and could experience losses, including a decline in the value of
the underlying securities and loss of income. A fund will make payment under a repurchase agreement
only upon physical delivery or evidence of book entry transfer of the collateral to the account of
its custodian bank. Repurchase agreements are the economic equivalents of loans.
Restricted Securities
are securities that are subject to legal restrictions on their sale.
Restricted securities may be considered to be liquid if an institutional or other market exists for
these securities. In making this determination, a fund, under the direction and supervision of the
Board of Trustees will take into account various factors, including: (1) the frequency of trades
and quotes for the security; (2) the number of dealers willing to purchase or sell the security and
the number of potential purchasers; (3) dealer undertakings to make a market in the security; and
(4) the nature of the security and marketplace trades (e.g., the time needed to dispose of the
security, the method of soliciting offers and the mechanics of transfer). To the extent a fund
invests in restricted securities that are deemed liquid, its general level of illiquidity may be
increased if qualified institutional buyers become uninterested in purchasing these securities.
Short Sales
may be used by a fund as part of its overall portfolio management strategies or to
offset (hedge) a potential decline in the value of a security. A fund may engage in short sales
that are either against the box or uncovered. A short sale is against the box if at all times
during which the short position is open, a fund owns at least an equal amount of the securities or
securities convertible into, or has the right to acquire, at no added cost, the securities of the
same issue as the securities that are sold short. A short sale against the box is a taxable
transaction to a fund with respect to the securities that are sold short. Uncovered short sales
are transactions under which a fund sells a security it does not own. To complete such transaction,
a fund may borrow the security through a broker to make delivery to the buyer and, in doing so, a
fund becomes obligated to replace the security borrowed by purchasing the security at the market
price at the time of the replacement. A fund also may have to pay a fee to borrow particular
securities, which would increase the cost of the security. In addition, a fund is often obligated
to pay any accrued interest and dividends on the securities until they are replaced. The proceeds
of the short sale position will be retained by the broker until a fund replaces the borrowed
securities.
A fund will incur a loss if the price of the security sold short increases between the time of the
short sale and the time the fund replaces the borrowed security and, conversely, the fund will
realize a gain if the price declines. Any gain will be decreased, and any loss increased, by the
transaction costs described above. A short sale creates the risk of an unlimited loss, as the price
of the underlying securities could theoretically increase without limit, thus increasing the cost
of buying those securities to cover the short position. If a fund sells securities short against
the box, it may protect unrealized gains, but will lose the opportunity to profit on such
securities if the price rises. The successful use of short selling as a hedging strategy may be
adversely affected by imperfect correlation between movements in the price of the security sold
short and the securities being hedged.
A funds obligation to replace the securities borrowed in connection with a short sale will be
secured by collateral deposited with the broker that consists of cash or other liquid securities.
In addition, a fund will earmark cash or liquid assets or place in a segregated account an amount
of cash or other liquid assets equal to the difference, if any, between (1) the market value of the
securities sold short, marked-to-market daily, and (2) any cash or other liquid securities
deposited as collateral with the broker in connection with the short sale.
Investment Limitations
The investment limitations below may be changed only by vote of a majority of the outstanding
voting securities of the applicable fund.
Under the 1940 Act, a vote of a majority of the
outstanding voting securities of a fund means the affirmative vote of the lesser of (1) more than
50% of the outstanding shares of the fund or (2) 67% or more of the shares present at a
shareholders meeting if more than 50% of the outstanding shares are represented at the meeting in
person or by proxy.
EACH FUND MAY NOT:
1)
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Purchase securities of an issuer, except as consistent with the maintenance of its status as
an open-end diversified company under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any
exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from
time to time.
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2)
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Concentrate investments in a particular industry or group of industries, as concentration is
defined under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as
such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time
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to time, except that each fund will concentrate to approximately the same extent that its
benchmark index concentrates in the securities of such particular industry or group of
industries.
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3)
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Purchase or sell commodities, commodities contracts or real estate, lend or borrow
money, issue senior securities, underwrite securities issued by others, or pledge, mortgage
or hypothecate any of its assets, except as permitted by (or not prohibited by) the 1940
Act or the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute,
rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time.
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THE FOLLOWING DESCRIPTIONS OF THE 1940 ACT MAY ASSIST INVESTORS IN UNDERSTANDING THE ABOVE POLICIES
AND RESTRICTIONS.
BORROWING. The 1940 Act restricts an investment company from borrowing (including pledging,
mortgaging or hypothecating assets) in excess of 33 1/3% of its total assets (not including
temporary borrowings not in excess of 5% of its total assets). Transactions that are fully
collateralized in a manner that does not involve the prohibited issuance of a senior security
within the meaning of Section 18(f) of the 1940 Act, shall not be regarded as borrowings for the
purposes of a funds investment restriction.
CONCENTRATION. The SEC has defined concentration as investing 25% or more of an investment
companys total assets in an industry or group of industries, with certain exceptions such as with
respect to investments in obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or its agencies
and instrumentalities, or tax-exempt obligations of state or municipal governments and their
political subdivisions.
DIVERSIFICATION. Under the 1940 Act and the rules, regulations and interpretations thereunder, a
diversified company, as to 75% of its total assets, may not purchase securities of any issuer
(other than obligations of, or guaranteed by, the U.S. government or its agencies, or
instrumentalities or securities of other investment companies) if, as a result, more than 5% of its
total assets would be invested in the securities of such issuer, or more than 10% of the issuers
voting securities would be held by a fund.
LENDING. Under the 1940 Act, an investment company may only make loans if expressly permitted by
its investment policies.
REAL ESTATE. The 1940 Act does not directly restrict an investment companys ability to invest in
real estate, but does require that every investment company have the fundamental investment policy
governing such investments. Each fund has adopted the fundamental policy that would permit direct
investment in real estate. However, each fund has a non-fundamental investment limitation that
prohibits it from investing directly in real estate. This non-fundamental policy may be changed
only by vote of a funds Board of Trustees.
SENIOR SECURITIES. Senior securities may include any obligation or instrument issued by an
investment company evidencing indebtedness. The 1940 Act generally prohibits a fund from issuing
senior securities, although it provides allowances for certain borrowings and certain other
investments, such as short sales, reverse repurchase agreements, and firm commitment agreements ,
when such investments are covered or with appropriate earmarking or segregation of assets to
cover such obligations.
UNDERWRITING. Under the 1940 Act, underwriting securities involves an investment company purchasing
securities directly from an issuer for the purpose of selling (distributing) them or participating
in any such activity either directly or indirectly. Under the 1940 Act, a diversified fund may not
make any commitment as underwriter, if immediately thereafter the amount of its outstanding
underwriting commitments, plus the value of its investments in securities of issuers (other than
investment companies) of which it owns more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities, exceeds
25% of the value of its total assets.
THE FOLLOWING ARE NON-FUNDAMENTAL INVESTMENT POLICIES AND RESTRICTIONS, AND MAY BE CHANGED BY THE
BOARD OF TRUSTEES.
EACH FUND MAY NOT:
1)
|
|
Invest more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities.
|
2)
|
|
Sell securities short unless it owns the security or the right to obtain the security or
equivalent securities, or unless it covers such short sale as required by current SEC rules
and interpretations (transactions in futures contracts, options and other derivative
instruments are not considered selling securities short).
|
19
3)
|
|
Purchase securities on margin, except such short term credits as may be necessary for the
clearance of purchases and sales of securities and provided that margin deposits in connection
with futures contracts, options on futures or other derivative instruments shall not
constitute purchasing securities on margin.
|
4)
|
|
Borrow money except that a fund may (i) borrow money from banks or through an interfund
lending facility, if any, only for temporary or emergency purposes (and not for leveraging)
and (ii) engage in reverse repurchase agreements with any party; provided that (i) and (ii) in
combination do not exceed 33 1/3% of its total assets (any borrowings that come to exceed this
amount will be reduced to the extent necessary to comply with the limitation within three
business days).
|
5)
|
|
Lend any security or make any other loan if, as a result, more than 33 1/3% of its total
assets would be lent to other parties (this restriction does not apply to purchases of debt
securities or repurchase agreements).
|
6)
|
|
Purchase securities (other than securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its
agencies or instrumentalities) if, as a result of such purchase, 25% or more of the value of
its total assets would be invested in any industry or group of industries (except that each
fund may purchase securities to the extent that the index the fund is designed to track is
also so concentrated).
|
7)
|
|
Purchase or sell commodities, commodity contracts or real estate, including interests in real
estate limited partnerships, provided that a fund may (i) purchase securities of companies
that deal in real estate or interests therein (including REITs); (ii) purchase securities of
companies that deal in precious metals or interests therein; and (iii) purchase, sell and
enter into futures contracts (including futures contracts on indices of securities, interest
rates and currencies), options on futures contracts (including futures contracts on indices of
securities, interest rates and currencies), warrants, swaps, forward contracts, foreign
currency spot and forward contracts or other derivative instruments.
|
Policies and investment limitations that state a maximum percentage of assets that may be invested
in a security or other asset, or that set forth a quality standard shall be measured immediately
after and as a result of a funds acquisition of such security or asset, unless otherwise noted.
Except with respect to limitations on borrowing and futures and option contracts, any subsequent
change in net assets or other circumstances does not require a fund to sell an investment if it
could not then make the same investment. With respect to the limitation on illiquid securities, in
the event that a subsequent change in net assets or other circumstances cause a fund to exceed its
limitation, a fund will take steps to bring the aggregate amount of illiquid instruments back
within the limitations as soon as reasonably practicable.
CONTINUOUS OFFERING
The funds offer and issue shares at their net asset value per share (NAV) only in aggregations of
a specified number of shares (Creation Units). The method by which Creation Units are created and
trade may raise certain issues under applicable securities laws. Because new Creation Units are
issued and sold by the funds on an ongoing basis, at any point a distribution, as such term is
used in the Securities Act of 1933 the (Securities Act), may occur. Broker-dealers and other
persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances,
result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner which could render them
statutory underwriters and subject them to the prospectus delivery requirement and liability
provisions of the Securities Act.
For example, a broker-dealer firm or its client may be deemed a statutory underwriter if it takes
Creation Units after placing an order with the funds distributor, breaks them down into
constituent shares, and sells such shares directly to customers, or if it chooses to couple the
creation of a supply of new shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of
secondary market demand for shares. A determination of whether one is an underwriter for purposes
of the Securities Act must take into account all the facts and circumstances pertaining to the
activities of the broker-dealer or its client in the particular case, and the examples mentioned
above should not be considered a complete description of all the activities that could lead to
categorization as an underwriter.
Broker-dealer firms should also note that dealers who are not underwriters but are effecting
transactions in shares, whether or not participating in the distribution of shares, generally are
required to deliver a prospectus. This is because the prospectus delivery exemption in Section 4(3)
of the Securities Act is not available in respect of such transactions as a result of Section 24(d)
of the 1940 Act. Firms that incur a prospectus delivery obligation with respect to shares of the
fund are reminded that, pursuant to Rule 153 under the Securities Act, a prospectus delivery
obligation under Section 5(b)(2) of the Securities Act owed to an exchange member in connection
with the sale on an exchange is satisfied by the fact that the prospectus is available at the
exchange upon request. The prospectus delivery mechanism provided in Rule 153 is only available
with respect to transactions on an exchange.
20
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUNDS
The funds are overseen by a Board of Trustees. The trustees are responsible for protecting
shareholder interests. The trustees regularly meet to review the investment activities, contractual
arrangements and the investment performance of the fund. The trustees did not meet during the most
recent fiscal year.
Certain trustees are interested persons. A trustee is considered an interested person of the
trust under the 1940 Act if he or she is an officer, director, or an employee of Charles Schwab
Investment Management, Inc. (CSIM) or Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. (Schwab). A trustee also may
be considered an interested person of the trust under the 1940 Act if he or she owns stock of The
Charles Schwab Corporation, a publicly traded company and the parent company of CSIM.
As used herein the term Family of Investment Companies collectively refers to The Charles Schwab
Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Capital Trust and Schwab
Strategic Trust which, as of September 30, 2009, included 66 funds.
The tables below provide information about the trustees and officers for the trusts, which includes
the funds, in this SAI. The Fund Complex includes The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab
Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Strategic Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Laudus Trust,
and Laudus Institutional Trust. As of August 31, 2009, the Fund Complex included 81 funds. The
address of each individual listed below is 211 Main Street, San Francisco, California 94105.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
of
|
|
|
Name, Address
1
and
|
|
|
|
Portfolios
|
|
|
Year of Birth; (Term
|
|
|
|
in Fund
|
|
|
of Office and Length
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five
|
|
Complex
|
|
Other Directorships Held by
|
of Time Served)
|
|
Years
|
|
Overseen
|
|
Trustee
|
Independent Trustees:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Robert W. Burns
4
1959
(10/09 present)
|
|
Retired. From 1987 2008:
Managing Director, PIMCO (investment adviser); From 1994 2008:
President and Trustee, PIMCO Funds (investments), and from 2007 2008 Chairman of PIMCO Strategic Global Government Fund, Inc (investments).
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
Board 1
Independent Director and Chairman of Corporate Governance/Nominating
Committee, PS Business Parks, Inc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mark A. Goldfarb
4
1952
(10/09 present)
|
|
Founder and Managing Director, SS&G Financial Services (financial services firm).
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
Not Applicable.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Charles A. Ruffel
4
1956
(10/09 present)
|
|
Advisor, Asset International, Inc.
(provider of financial services information). Chief Executive Officer and Founder, Asset International, Inc.
Until 2008, Managing Partner and Co-Founder, Kudu Advisors, LLC.
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
Not Applicable.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interested Trustee:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Walter W. Bettinger
II
2
1960
Trustee (10/09 present)
|
|
As of October 2008,
President and Chief
Executive Officer,
Charles Schwab &
Co., Inc., principal underwriter to the funds, and The
Charles Schwab
Corporation. Since May 2008, Director, Charles Schwab &
Co., Inc. and Schwab Holdings, Inc. Since 2006, Director, Charles
Schwab Bank.
Until October 2008, President and Chief Operating
Officer, Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. and The Charles Schwab
Corporation.
From 2004 through 2007, Executive Vice President and
President, Schwab Investor Services. From 2004 through 2005,
Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, Individual
Investor Enterprise, and from 2002 through 2004, Executive Vice
President, Corporate Services.
|
|
|
77
|
|
|
Not Applicable.
|
21
|
|
|
NAME, YEAR OF BIRTH, AND
|
|
|
POSITION(S) WITH THE TRUST;
|
|
|
(TERM OF OFFICE AND LENGTH OF
|
|
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATIONS DURING THE PAST FIVE
|
TIME SERVED
3
)
|
|
YEARS
|
OFFICERS
|
|
|
Randall W. Merk
1954
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Officer of Schwab Strategic Trust since 2009.)
|
|
Executive Vice
President and
President, Investment
Management Services,
Charles Schwab & Co.,
Inc.; Executive Vice
President, Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc.
(2002 present);
President and Chief
Executive Officer,
Charles Schwab
Investment Management,
Inc. (2007-present);
Director, Charles
Schwab Asset
Management (Ireland)
Limited and Charles
Schwab Worldwide Funds
PLC.
|
|
|
|
George Pereira
1964
Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer
(Officer of Schwab Strategic Trust since 2009.)
|
|
Senior Vice President
and Chief Financial
Officer, Charles
Schwab Investment
Management, Inc.;
Chief Financial
Officer, Laudus Trust
and Laudus
Institutional Trust;
Director, Charles
Schwab Worldwide Fund,
PLC and Charles Schwab
Asset Management
(Ireland) Limited.
Through June 2007,
Chief Financial
Officer and Chief
Accounting Officer,
Excelsior Funds Inc.,
Excelsior Tax-Exempt
Funds, Inc., and
Excelsior Funds Trust;
Chief Financial
Officer, Mutual Fund
Division, UST
Advisers, Inc. From
December 1999 to
November 2004, Sr.
Vice President,
Financial Reporting,
Charles Schwab & Co.,
Inc.
|
|
|
|
Koji E. Felton
1961
Secretary and Chief Legal Officer
(Officer of Schwab Strategic Trust since 2009.)
|
|
Senior Vice President,
Chief Counsel and
Corporate Secretary,
Charles Schwab
Investment Management,
Inc.; Senior Vice
President and Deputy
General Counsel,
Charles Schwab & Co.,
Inc. Until 2006,
Chief Legal Officer,
Laudus Trust and
Laudus Institutional
Trust. Through June
2007, Chief Legal
Officer and Secretary,
Excelsior Funds Inc.,
Excelsior Tax-Exempt
Funds, Inc., and
Excelsior Funds Trust.
|
|
|
|
Jeffrey M. Mortimer
1963
Senior Vice President and Chief Investment
Officer Equities and Fixed Income
(Officer of Schwab Strategic Trust since 2009.)
|
|
Senior Vice President
and Chief Investment
Officer Equities &
Fixed Income, Charles
Schwab Investment
Management, Inc.;
President, Chief
Executive Officer and
Chief Investment
Officer, Laudus Trust
and Laudus
Institutional Trust.
|
22
|
|
|
NAME, YEAR OF BIRTH, AND
|
|
|
POSITION(S) WITH THE TRUST;
|
|
|
(TERM OF OFFICE AND LENGTH OF
|
|
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATIONS DURING THE PAST FIVE
|
TIME SERVED
3
)
|
|
YEARS
|
Catherine MacGregor
1964
Vice President
(Officer of Schwab Strategic Trust since 2009
|
|
Vice President,
Charles Schwab & Co.,
Inc., Charles Schwab
Investment Management,
Inc., and Laudus Trust
and Laudus
Institutional Trust.
Since 2006, Vice
President, Chief Legal
Officer and Clerk of
Laudus Trust and
Laudus Institutional
Trust; Vice President,
Schwab Funds.
|
|
|
|
Michael Haydel
1972
Vice President
(Officer of Schwab Strategic Trust since 2009
|
|
Vice President, Asset
Management Client
Services, Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc.;
Vice President and AML
Officer, Laudus Trust,
Laudus Institutional
Trust.
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
Each Trustee shall hold office until the election and qualification of his or her
successor, or until he or she dies, resigns or is removed. The Trusts retirement policy
requires that independent trustees retire by December 31 of the year in which the Trustee
turns 72 or the Trustees twentieth year of service as an independent trustee, whichever
comes first. The mailing address of each of the Trustees is c/o Schwab Strategic Trust, 211
Main Street, San Francisco, CA 94105.
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
Mr. Bettinger is an Interested Trustee because he is an employee of Schwab and/or the
investment adviser. In addition to his employment with the investment adviser and
Schwab, Mr. Bettinger also owns stock of The Charles Schwab Corporation.
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
The President, Treasurer and Secretary hold office until their respective successors
are chosen and qualified or until he or she sooner dies, resigns, is removed or becomes
disqualified. Each of the other officers serves at the pleasure of the Board.
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
Member of the Audit and Compliance Committee and Nominating Committee.
|
|
Trustee Committees
The Board of Trustees has established certain committees and adopted Committee charters with
respect to those committees, each as described below.
The Trust has a standing Audit and Compliance Committee. The members of the Audit and Compliance
Committee are identified above. The function of the Audit and Compliance Committee is to provide
oversight responsibility for the integrity of the Trusts financial reporting processes and
compliance policies, procedures and processes, and for the Trusts overall system of internal
controls. The charter directs that the Audit and Compliance Committee must meet 4 times annually,
with additional meetings as the Audit and Compliance Committee deems appropriate.
The Trust also has a Nominating Committee that is composed of all the Independent Trustees, which
meets as often as deemed appropriate by the Nominating Committee for the primary purpose of
selecting and nominating candidates to serve as members of the Board of Trustees. There are no
specific procedures in place to consider nominees recommended by shareholders, but such nominees
would be considered if such nominations were submitted in accordance with Rule 14a-8 of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 in conjunction with a shareholder meeting to consider the election
of Trustees. The charter directs that the Nominating Committee meet at such times and with such
frequency as is deemed necessary or appropriate by the Nominating Committee.
Trustee Compensation
The following table provides estimated trustee compensation for the fiscal year ending August 31,
2010. Certain information provided relates to the Fund Complex, which
included 81 funds as of August
31, 2009.
23
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
($)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated Aggregate Compensation from the Funds
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Schwab
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pension or
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Schwab
|
|
Retirement
|
|
|
|
|
Schwab U.S.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Large-
|
|
Schwab
|
|
U.S.
|
|
Benefits
|
|
($)
|
|
|
Broad
|
|
Schwab
|
|
Cap
|
|
U.S. Large-
|
|
Small-
|
|
Accrued as
|
|
Estimated Total
|
|
|
Market
|
|
U.S. Large-
|
|
Growth
|
|
Cap Value
|
|
Cap
|
|
Part of Fund
|
|
Compensation from
|
Name of Trustee
|
|
ETF
|
|
Cap ETF
|
|
ETF
|
|
ETF
|
|
ETF
|
|
Expenses
|
|
Fund Complex
|
Interested Trustee
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Walter W. Bettinger II
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
Independent Trustees
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Robert W. Burns
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
$
|
50,000
|
|
Mark A. Goldfarb
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
$
|
50,000
|
|
Charles A Ruffel
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
$
|
50,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
($)
|
|
Pension or
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated Aggregate Compensation from the Fund
|
|
Retirement
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Schwab
|
|
|
|
|
|
Benefits
|
|
($)
|
|
|
Schwab
|
|
International
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued as
|
|
Estimated Total
|
|
|
International Equity
|
|
Small-Cap Equity
|
|
Schwab Emerging
|
|
Part of Fund
|
|
Compensation from
|
Name of Trustee
|
|
ETF
|
|
ETF
|
|
Markets Equity ETF
|
|
Expenses
|
|
Fund Complex
|
Interested Trustee
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Walter W. Bettinger II
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
Independent Trustees
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Robert W. Burns
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
$
|
50,000
|
|
Mark A. Goldfarb
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
$
|
50,000
|
|
Charles A Ruffel
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
$
|
6,250
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
$
|
50,000
|
|
Securities Beneficially Owned By Each Trustee
The
following tables provide each trustees equity ownership of the funds and ownership of all
registered investment companies overseen by each trustee in the Family of Investment Companies as
of December 31, 2008. As of December 31, 2008, the Family of Investment Companies included 69
funds.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dollar Range of Trustee Ownership
|
|
|
|
|
of Equity Securities in the fund
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Schwab
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate Dollar
|
|
|
Schwab U.S.
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Large-
|
|
Schwab
|
|
|
|
|
|
Range of Trustee
|
|
|
Broad
|
|
Schwab U.S.
|
|
Cap
|
|
U.S. Large-
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ownership in the
|
|
|
Market
|
|
Large-Cap
|
|
Growth
|
|
Cap Value
|
|
Schwab U.S.
|
|
Family of Investment
|
Name of Trustee
|
|
ETF
|
|
ETF
|
|
ETF
|
|
ETF
|
|
Small-Cap ETF
|
|
Companies
|
Interested Trustee
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Walter W. Bettinger II
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
Over $100,000
|
Independent Trustees
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Robert W. Burns
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
Mark A. Goldfarb
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
Charles A Ruffel
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
24
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate
|
|
|
Dollar Range of Trustee Ownership
|
|
Dollar Range of
|
|
|
of Equity Securities in the fund
|
|
Trustee
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Schwab
|
|
Schwab
|
|
Ownership in
|
|
|
Schwab
|
|
International
|
|
Emerging
|
|
the Family of
|
|
|
International
|
|
Small-Cap
|
|
Markets Equity
|
|
Investment
|
Name of Trustee
|
|
Equity ETF
|
|
Equity ETF
|
|
ETF
|
|
Companies
|
Interested Trustee
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Walter W. Bettinger II
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
Over $100,000
|
Independent Trustees
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Robert W. Burns
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
Mark A. Goldfarb
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
Charles A. Ruffel
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
25
Code of Ethics
The funds, the investment adviser and the distributor have adopted Codes of Ethics as required
under the 1940 Act. Subject to certain conditions or restrictions, the Codes of Ethics permit the
trustees, directors, officers or advisory representatives of the funds or the investment adviser or
the directors or officers of the distributor to buy or sell directly or indirectly securities for
their own accounts. This includes securities that may be purchased or held by the funds. Securities
transactions by some of these individuals may be subject to prior approval of each entitys Chief
Compliance Officer or alternate. Most securities transactions are subject to quarterly reporting
and review requirements.
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
As of October 26, 2009, the officers and trustees of the trust, as a group owned, of record or
beneficially, less than 1% of the outstanding voting securities of the funds.
As of October 26, 2009, no persons or entities owned, of record or beneficially, more than 5% of the
outstanding voting securities of any fund.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES
Investment Adviser
CSIM, a wholly owned subsidiary of The Charles Schwab Corporation, 211 Main Street, San Francisco
CA 94105, serves as the funds investment adviser pursuant to Investment Advisory Agreements
(Advisory Agreement) between it and the trust. Charles R. Schwab is the founder, Chairman and Director of the Charles Schwab Corporation. As a result of his ownership and interests in The
Charles Schwab Corporation, Mr. Schwab may be deemed to be a controlling person of CSIM.
Advisory Agreement
A funds Advisory Agreement must be specifically approved initially for a 2 year term, and after
the expiration of the 2 year term, at least annually thereafter (1) by the vote of the trustees or
by a vote of the shareholders of the fund, and (2) by the vote of a majority of the trustees who
are not parties to the Advisory Agreement or interested persons of any party (the Independent
Trustees), cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval.
Each year, the Board of Trustees will call and hold a meeting to decide whether to renew the
Advisory Agreement between the trust and CSIM with respect to any existing funds in the trust. In
preparation for the meeting, the Board requests and reviews a wide variety of materials provided by
the funds investment adviser, as well as extensive data provided by third parties.
As described below, the investment adviser is entitled to receive a fee from the funds, payable
monthly, for its advisory and administrative services to the funds. The funds are new and have not
yet paid any fees to CSIM. As compensation for these services, the firm receives a management fee
from the funds expressed as a percentage of each funds average daily net assets.
26
|
|
|
|
|
FUND
|
|
|
FEE
|
|
Schwab U.S. Broad Market ETF
|
|
|
0.08
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap ETF
|
|
|
0.08
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Growth ETF
|
|
|
0.15
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Value ETF
|
|
|
0.15
|
%
|
Schwab U.S. Small-Cap ETF
|
|
|
0.15
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
Schwab International Equity ETF
|
|
|
0.15
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
Schwab International Small Cap Equity ETF
|
|
|
0.35
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
Schwab Emerging Markets Equity ETF
|
|
|
0.35
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser is responsible for substantially all expenses of
the funds, including the cost of transfer agency, custody, fund administration, legal, audit and
other services, but excluding interest expense and taxes, brokerage expenses, future distribution
fees or expenses (i.e., 12b-1 fees) and extraordinary expenses.
Distributor
SEI Investments Distribution Co. (the Distributor) is the principal underwriter and distributor
of shares of the funds. Its principal address is 1 Freedom Valley Drive, Oaks, PA 19456. The
Distributor has entered into an agreement with the trust pursuant to which it distributes shares of
the funds (the Distribution Agreement). The Distributor continually distributes shares of the
funds on a best effort basis. The Distributor has no obligation to sell any specific quantity of
fund shares. The Distribution Agreement will continue for two years from its effective date and is
renewable annually thereafter in accordance with the 1940 Act. Shares are continuously offered for sale by the
funds through the Distributor only in Creation Units, as described in the funds prospectuses.
Shares in less than Creation Units are not distributed by the Distributor. The Distributor is a
broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and a member of the Financial
Industry Regulatory Authority. The Distributor is not affiliated with the trust, CSIM, or any stock
exchange.
The Distribution Agreement provides that it may be terminated at any time, without the payment of
any penalty, on at least sixty (60) days prior written notice to the other party. The Distribution
Agreement will terminate automatically in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940
Act).
DISTRIBUTION AND SHAREHOLDER SERVICES PLAN
The funds have adopted a Distribution and Shareholder Services (12b-1) Plan applicable to the
shares. Under the Distribution and Shareholder Services Plan, the Distributor, or other firms that
provide distribution and shareholder services, may receive up to 0.25% of a funds assets
attributable to shares as compensation for distribution and shareholder services pursuant to Rule
12b-1 of the 1940 Act. Distribution services may include: (i) services in connection with
distribution assistance, or (ii) payments to financial institutions and other financial
intermediaries, such as broker-dealers, mutual fund supermarkets and the Distributors affiliates
and subsidiaries, as compensation for services or reimbursement of expenses incurred in connection
with distribution assistance. The Distributor also will provide one or more of the following
service activities: (i) maintaining accounts relating to shareholders that invest in shares
(including Creation Units) of the funds; (ii) arranging for bank wires; (iii) responding to
shareholder inquiries relating to the services performed by Distributor and/or service
organizations; (iv) responding to inquiries from shareholders concerning their investment in shares
(including Creation Units) of the funds; (v) assisting shareholders in changing dividend options,
account designations and addresses; (vi) providing information periodically to shareholders showing
their position in shares (including Creation Units) of the funds; (vii) forwarding shareholder
communications from the funds such as proxies, shareholder reports, annual reports, and dividend
distribution and tax notices to shareholders; (viii) processing purchase, exchange and redemption
requests from shareholders and placing orders with the funds or its service providers; and (ix)
processing dividend payments from the funds on behalf of shareholders. The Distributor may, at its
discretion, retain a portion of such payments to compensate itself for distribution and shareholder
services and distribution related expenses such as the costs of preparation, printing, mailing or
otherwise disseminating sales literature, advertising, and prospectuses (other than those furnished
to current shareholders of the funds), promotional and incentive programs, and such other marketing
expenses that the Distributor may incur.
The Board
has determined that no fees under the Plan will be charged prior to November 14, 2011. Because
these fees would be paid out of each funds assets on an on-going basis, if payments are made in
the future, these fees will increase the cost of your investment and may cost you more than paying
other types of sales charges.
27
Transfer Agent
State Street Bank and Trust Company, One Lincoln Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, serves as the
funds transfer agent. As part of these services, the firm maintains records pertaining to the
sale, redemption and transfer of the funds shares.
Custodian and Fund Accountants
State Street Bank and Trust Company, One Lincoln Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, serves as
custodian and accountant for the funds.
The custodian is responsible for the daily safekeeping of securities and cash held or sold by the
funds. The funds accountant maintains all books and records related to the funds transactions.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The funds independent registered public accounting firm, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, audits and
reports on the annual financial statements of the funds and reviews certain regulatory reports and
the funds federal income tax return. They also perform other professional, accounting, auditing,
tax and advisory services when the trust engages them to do so. Their address is Three Embarcadero
Center, San Francisco, CA 94111-4004.
Legal Counsel
Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP represents the trust with respect to certain legal matters.
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
Other Accounts
. Each portfolio manager (collectively referred to as the Portfolio
Managers) is responsible for the day-to-day management of certain other accounts, as listed below. The
accounts listed below are not subject to a performance-based advisory fee. The information below is
provided as of August 31, 2009.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Companies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(this amount does not include
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
the funds in this Statement of
|
|
|
Other Pooled
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional Information)
|
|
|
Investment Vehicles
|
|
|
Other Accounts
|
|
|
|
Number of
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
Number of
|
|
|
|
|
Name
|
|
Accounts
|
|
|
Total Assets
|
|
|
Accounts
|
|
|
Assets
|
|
|
Accounts
|
|
|
Total Assets
|
|
Jeffrey Mortimer
|
|
|
69
|
|
|
$
|
211,423,182,546
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
3,719
|
|
|
$
|
562,387,755
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dustin Lewellyn
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
Agnes Hong
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
28
Conflicts of Interest
. A Portfolio Managers management of other accounts may give rise to
potential conflicts of interest in connection with its management of the funds investments, on the
one hand, and the investments of the other accounts, on the other. These other accounts include
separate accounts and other mutual funds advised by CSIM (collectively, the Other Managed
Accounts). The Other Managed Accounts might have similar investment objectives as the funds, track
the same index the funds track or otherwise hold, purchase, or sell securities that are eligible to
be held, purchased, or sold by the funds. While the Portfolio Managers management of Other Managed
Accounts may give rise to the potential conflicts of interest listed below, CSIM does not believe
that the conflicts, if any, are material or, to the extent any such conflicts are material, CSIM
believes it has adopted policies and procedures that are designed to manage those conflicts in an
appropriate way.
Knowledge of the Timing and Size of Fund Trades
. A potential conflict of interest may arise as a
result of the Portfolio Managers day-to-day management of the funds. Because of their positions
with the funds, the Portfolio Managers know the size, timing, and possible market impact of fund
trades. It is theoretically possible that the Portfolio Managers could use this information to the
advantage of the Other Managed Accounts they manage and to the possible detriment of the funds.
However, CSIM has adopted policies and procedures reasonably designed to allocate investment
opportunities on a fair and equitable basis over time. Moreover, with respect to an index fund,
which seeks to track its benchmark index, much of this information is publicly available. When it
is determined to be in the best interest of both accounts, the Portfolio Managers may aggregate
trade orders for the Other Managed Accounts, excluding Schwab Personal Portfolio Managed Accounts,
with those of the funds. All aggregated orders are subject to CSIMs aggregation and allocation
policy and procedures, which provide, among other things, that (i) a Portfolio Manager will not
aggregate orders unless he or she believes such aggregation is consistent with his or her duty to
seek best execution; (ii) no account will be favored over any other account; (iii) each account
that participates in an aggregated order will participate at the average security price with all
transaction costs shared on a pro-rata basis; and (iv) if the aggregated order cannot be executed
in full, the partial execution is allocated pro-rata among the participating accounts in accordance
with the size of each accounts order.
Investment Opportunities
. A potential conflict of interest may arise as a result of the Portfolio
Managers management of the funds and Other Managed Accounts which, in theory, may allow them to
allocate investment opportunities in a way that favors the Other Managed Accounts over the funds,
which conflict of interest may be exacerbated to the extent that CSIM or the Portfolio Managers
receive, or expect to receive, greater compensation from their management of the Other Managed
Accounts than the funds. Notwithstanding this theoretical conflict of interest, it is CSIMs policy
to manage each account based on its investment objectives and related restrictions and, as
discussed above, CSIM has adopted policies and procedures reasonably designed to allocate
investment opportunities on a fair and equitable basis over time and in a manner consistent with
each accounts investment objectives and related restrictions. For example, while the Portfolio
Managers may buy for an Other Managed Account securities that differ in identity or quantity from
securities bought for the fund or refrain from purchasing securities for an Other Managed Account
that they are otherwise buying for the fund in an effort to outperform its specific benchmark, such
an approach might not be suitable for the fund given its investment objectives and related
restrictions.
Compensation.
Schwab compensates each CSIM Portfolio Manager for his or her management of
the funds. Each portfolio managers compensation consists of a fixed annual (base) salary and a
discretionary bonus. The base salary is determined considering compensation payable for a similar
position across the investment management industry and an evaluation of the individual portfolio
managers overall performance such as the portfolio managers contribution to the firms overall
investment process, being good corporate citizens, and contributions to the firms asset growth and
business relationships. The discretionary bonus is determined in accordance with the CSIM Equity
and Fixed Income Portfolio Management Incentive Plan (the Plan), which is designed to reward
consistent and superior investment performance relative to established benchmarks and/or industry
peer groups. The Plan is an annual incentive plan that, at the discretion of Executive Management,
provides quarterly advances against the corporate component of the Plan at a fixed rate that is
standard for the employees level. Meanwhile, the portion of the incentive tied to fund performance
is paid in its entirety following the end of the Plan year (i.e. the Plan does not provide advances
against the portion of the Plan tied to fund performance) at managements discretion based on their
determination of whether funds are available under the Plan as well as factors such as the
portfolio managers contribution to the firms overall investment process, being good corporate
citizens, and contribution to the firms asset growth and business relationships.
The Plan consists of two independent funding components: fund investment performance and the
Charles Schwab Corporations (CSC) corporate performance. For the CSIM Fixed Income and Equity
Portfolio Management Plan, 75% of the funding is based on fund investment performance and 25% of
the funding is based in Schwabs corporate performance. Funding for this Plan is pooled into
separate incentive pools (one for Fixed Income portfolio managers and one for Equity portfolio
managers) and then allocated to the plan participants by CSIM senior management. This allocation
takes into account fund performance as well as the portfolio managers leadership, teamwork, and
contribution to CSIM goals and objectives.
29
|
|
Fund Investment Performance
|
Investment Performance will be determined based on each funds performance relative to an
established industry peer group or benchmark. The peer group or benchmark will be determined by
the CSIM Peer Group Committee comprised of officer representation from CSIM Product
Development, Fund Administration and SCIR (Schwab Center for Investment Research) and approved by
CSIMs President and CSIMs Chief Investment Officer. The peer group is reviewed on a regular
basis and is subject to change in advance of each performance period (calendar year). Any changes
will be communicated to affected participants as soon as is reasonably possible following the
decision to change peer group or benchmark composition.
|
|
|
At the close of the year, each funds performance will be determined by its 1-year and/or
1 and 3-year percentile standing within its designated peer group using standard statistical
methods approved by CSIM senior management. Relative position and the respective statistical
method used to determine percentile standing will result in a single performance percentile
number for each fund to allow for comparisons over time and between funds. As each
participant may manage and/or support a number of funds, there will be several fund
performance percentiles for each participant that may be considered in arriving at the
incentive compensation annual payout.
|
|
|
Schwab Corporate Performance
|
CSCs corporate plan (the Corporate Plan) is an annual plan, which provides for discretionary
awards aligned with company and individual performance. Funding for the Corporate Plan is
determined at the conclusion of the calendar year using a payout rate that is applied to the
Companys pre-tax operating margin before variable compensation expense. The exact payout rate
will vary and will be determined by Executive Management and recommended to the Compensation
Committee of the Board of Directors of CSC for final approval. Funding will be capped at 200% of the
Corporate Plan.
At year-end, the full-year funding for both components of the Plan will be pooled together. This
total pool will then be allocated to plan participants by CSIM senior management based on their
assessment of a variety of performance factors. Factors considered in the allocation process will
include, but are not limited to, fund performance relative to benchmarks, individual performance
against key objectives, contribution to overall group results, team work, and collaboration
between Analysts and Portfolio Managers.
The Portfolio Managers compensation is not based on the value of the assets held in a funds
portfolio. Mr. Lewellyn will be compensated solely under the Corporate Plan until December 31,
2009. Effective January 1, 2010, Mr. Lewellyn will be compensated under the CSIM Equity and Fixed
Income Portfolio Management Incentive Plan.
Mr.
Mortimer and Ms. Hong are compensated under the CSIM Equity and Fixed Income Portfolio Management Incentive
Plan.
Ownership of Fund Shares.
Because the funds had not commenced operations prior to the date of this
SAI, no information regarding the Portfolio Managers beneficial ownership of shares of the funds
has been included. This information will appear in a future version of the SAI.
BROKERAGE ALLOCATION AND OTHER PRACTICES
Portfolio Turnover
For reporting purposes, a funds portfolio turnover rate is calculated by dividing the value of
purchases or sales of portfolio securities for the fiscal year, whichever is less, by the monthly
average value of portfolio securities the fund owned during the fiscal year. When making the
calculation, all securities whose maturities at the time of acquisition were one year or less
(short-term securities) are excluded.
A 100% portfolio turnover rate would occur, for example, if all portfolio securities (aside from
short-term securities) were sold and either repurchased or replaced once during the fiscal year.
Typically, funds with high turnover (such as 100% or more) tend to generate higher capital gains
and transaction costs, such as brokerage commissions. Since these are new funds there are no
portfolio turnover rates.
30
Portfolio Holdings Disclosure
The funds Board of Trustees has approved policies and procedures that govern the timing and
circumstances regarding the disclosure of funds portfolio holdings information to shareholders and
third parties. These policies and procedures are designed to ensure that disclosure of information
regarding the funds portfolio securities is in the best interests of funds shareholders, and
include procedures to address conflicts between the interests of the funds shareholders, on the
one hand, and those of the funds investment adviser, principal underwriter or any affiliated
person of the fund, its investment adviser, or its principal underwriter, on the other. Pursuant to
such procedures, the Board has authorized the president of the funds to authorize the release of
the funds portfolio holdings, as necessary, in conformity with the foregoing principles.
The Board exercises on-going oversight of the disclosure of fund portfolio holdings by overseeing
the implementation and enforcement of each funds policies and procedures by the Chief Compliance
Officer and by considering reports and recommendations by the Chief Compliance Officer concerning
any material compliance matters. The Board will receive periodic updates, at least annually,
regarding entities who may receive portfolio holdings information not available to other current or
prospective fund shareholders in connection with the dissemination of information necessary for
transactions in Creation Units, as contemplated by the exemptive relief and as discussed below.
Each fund discloses its complete portfolio holdings schedule in public filings with the SEC within
60-80 days after the end of each fiscal quarter and will provide that information to shareholders
as required by federal securities laws and regulations thereunder. A fund may, however, voluntarily
disclose all or part of its portfolio holdings other than in connection with the
creation/redemption process, as discussed above, in advance of required filings with the SEC,
provided that such information is made generally available to all shareholders and other interested
parties in a manner that is consistent with the above policy for disclosure of portfolio holdings
information. Such information may be made available through a publicly-available website or other
means that make the information available to all likely interested parties contemporaneously.
The funds may disclose portfolio holdings information to certain persons and entities prior to and
more frequently than the public disclosure of such information (early disclosure). The president
of the funds may authorize early disclosure of portfolio holdings information to such parties at
differing times and/or with different lag times provided that (a) the president of the funds
determines that the disclosure is in the best interests of the funds and that there are no
conflicts of interest between the funds shareholders and funds adviser and distributor; and (b)
the recipient is, either by contractual agreement or otherwise by law, required to maintain the
confidentiality of the information.
In addition, the funds service providers including, without limitation, the investment adviser,
distributor, the custodian, fund accountant, transfer agent, auditor, proxy voting service
provider, pricing information venders, publisher, printer and mailing agent may receive early
disclosure of portfolio holdings information as frequently as daily in connection with the services
they perform for the funds. Service providers will be subject to a duty of confidentiality with
respect to any portfolio holdings information whether imposed by the provisions of the service
providers contract with the trust or by the nature of its relationship with the trust.
Further, each business day, each funds portfolio holdings information is provided to the
Distributor or other agent for dissemination through the facilities of the National Securities
Clearing Corporation (NSCC) and/or other fee-based subscription services to NSCC members and/or
subscribers to those other fee-based subscription services, including Authorized Participants (as
defined below), and to entities that publish and/or analyze such information in connection with the
process of purchasing or redeeming Creation Units or trading shares of funds in the secondary
market. This information typically reflects each funds anticipated holdings on the following
business day.
In addition, each fund discloses its portfolio
holdings and the percentages they represent of the
funds net assets at least monthly, and as often as each day the fund is open for business, at
www.schwab.com/SchwabETFProspectus.
Portfolio holdings information made available in connection with the creation/redemption process
may be provided to other entities that provide services to the funds in the ordinary course of
business after it has been disseminated to the NSCC. From time to time, information concerning
portfolio holdings other than portfolio holdings information made available in connection with the
creation/redemption process, as discussed above, may be provided to other entities that provide
services to the funds, including rating or ranking organizations, in the ordinary course of
business, no earlier than one business day following the date of the information.
The funds policies and procedures prohibit the fund, the funds investment adviser or any related
party from receiving any compensation or other consideration in connection with the disclosure of
portfolio holdings information.
31
The funds may disclose non-material information including commentary and aggregate information
about the characteristics of the funds in connection with or relating to the funds or its portfolio
securities to any person if such disclosure is for a legitimate business purpose, such disclosure
does not effectively result in the disclosure of the complete portfolio securities of any fund
(which can only be disclosed in accordance with the above requirements), and such information does
not constitute material non-public information. Such disclosure does not fall within the portfolio
securities disclosure requirements outlined above.
Whether the information constitutes material non-public information will be made on a good faith
determination, which involves an assessment of the particular facts and circumstances. In most
cases commentary or analysis would be immaterial and would not convey any advantage to a recipient
in making a decision concerning the funds. Commentary and analysis includes, but is not limited to,
the allocation of the funds portfolio securities and other investments among various asset
classes, sectors, industries, and countries, the characteristics of the stock components and other
investments of the funds, the attribution of fund returns by asset class, sector, industry and
country, and the volatility characteristics of the funds.
Portfolio Transactions
The investment adviser makes decisions with respect to the purchase and sale of portfolio
securities on behalf of the funds. The investment adviser is responsible for implementing these
decisions, including the negotiation of commissions and the allocation of principal business and
portfolio brokerage. Purchases and sales of securities on a stock exchange or certain riskless
principal transactions placed on NASDAQ are typically effected through brokers who charge a
commission for their services. Purchases and sales of fixed income securities may be transacted
with the issuer, the issuers underwriter, or a dealer. The funds do not usually pay brokerage
commissions on purchases and sales of fixed income securities, although the price of the securities
generally includes compensation, in the form of a spread or a mark-up or mark-down, which is not
disclosed separately. The prices the fund pays to underwriters of newly-issued securities usually
include a commission paid by the issuer to the underwriter. Transactions placed through dealers who
are serving as primary market makers reflect the spread between the bid and asked prices. The money
market securities in which the fund may invest are traded primarily in the over-the-counter market
on a net basis and do not normally involve either brokerage commissions or transfer taxes. It is
expected that the cost of executing portfolio securities transactions of the fund will primarily
consist of dealer spreads and brokerage commissions.
The investment adviser seeks to obtain the best execution for the funds portfolio transactions.
The investment adviser may take a number of factors into account in selecting brokers or dealers to
execute these transactions. Such factors may include, without limitation, the following: execution
price; brokerage commission or dealer spread; size or type of the transaction; nature or character
of the markets; clearance or settlement capability; reputation; financial strength and stability of
the broker or dealer; efficiency of execution and error resolution; block trading capabilities;
willingness to execute related or unrelated difficult transactions in the future; order of call;
ability to facilitate short selling; provision of additional brokerage or research services or
products; whether a broker guarantees that a fund will receive, on aggregate, prices at least as
favorable as the closing prices on a given day when adherence to market-on-close pricing aligns
with fund objectives; or whether a broker guarantees that a fund will receive the volume-weighted
average price (VWAP) for a security for a given trading day (or portion thereof) when the
investment adviser believe that VWAP execution is in the funds best interest. In addition, the
investment adviser has incentive sharing arrangements with certain unaffiliated brokers who
guarantee market-on-close pricing: on a day when such a broker executes transactions at prices
better, on aggregate, than market-on-close prices, that broker may receive, in addition to his or
her standard commission, a portion of the net difference between the actual execution prices and
corresponding market-on-close prices for that day.
The investment adviser may cause the funds to pay a higher commission than otherwise obtainable
from other brokers or dealers in return for brokerage or research services or products if the
investment adviser believes that such commission is reasonable in relation to the services
provided. In addition to agency transactions, the investment adviser may receive brokerage and
research services or products in connection with certain riskless principal transactions, in
accordance with applicable SEC and other regulatory guidelines. In both instances, these services
or products may include: economic, industry, or company research reports or investment
recommendations; subscriptions to financial publications or research data compilations;
compilations of securities prices, earnings, dividends, and similar data; computerized databases;
quotation equipment and services; research or analytical computer software and services; products
or services that assist in effecting transactions, including services of third-party computer
systems developers directly related to research and brokerage activities; and effecting securities
transactions and performing functions incidental thereto (such as clearance and settlement). The
investment adviser may use research services furnished by brokers or dealers in servicing all fund
accounts, and not all services may necessarily be used in connection with the account that paid
commissions or spreads to the broker or dealer providing such services.
The investment adviser may receive a service from a broker or dealer that has both a research and
a non-research use. When this occurs, the investment adviser will make a good faith allocation,
under all the circumstances, between the research and non-research uses of the service. The
percentage of the service that is used for research purposes may be paid for with fund commissions
or spreads,
32
while the investment adviser will use its own funds to pay for the percentage of the service that
is used for non-research purposes. In making this good faith allocation, the investment adviser
faces a potential conflict of interest, but the investment adviser believe that the costs of such
services may be appropriately allocated to their anticipated research and non-research uses.
The investment adviser may purchase for funds, new issues of securities in a fixed price offering.
In these situations, the seller may be a member of the selling group that will, in addition to
selling securities, provide the investment adviser with research services, in accordance with
applicable rules and regulations permitting these types of arrangements. Generally, the seller will
provide research credits in these situations at a rate that is higher than that which is
available for typical secondary market transactions. These arrangements may not fall within the
safe harbor of Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
The investment adviser may place orders directly with electronic communications networks or other
alternative trading systems. Placing orders with electronic communications networks or other
alternative trading systems may enable the funds to trade directly with other institutional
holders. At times, this may allow the funds to trade larger blocks than would be possible trading
through a single market maker.
The investment adviser may aggregate securities sales or purchases among two or more funds. The
investment adviser will not aggregate transactions unless it believes such aggregation is
consistent with its duty to seek best execution for each affected fund and is consistent with the
terms of the investment advisory agreement for such fund. In any single transaction in which
purchases and/or sales of securities of any issuer for the account of a fund are aggregated with
other accounts managed by the investment adviser, the actual prices applicable to the transaction
will be averaged among the accounts for which the transaction is effected, including the account of
the fund.
In determining when and to what extent to use Schwab or any other affiliated broker-dealer as its
broker for executing orders for the funds on securities exchanges, the investment adviser follows
procedures, adopted by the funds Board of Trustees, that are designed to ensure that affiliated
brokerage commissions (if relevant) are reasonable and fair in comparison to unaffiliated brokerage
commissions for comparable transactions. The Board reviews the procedures annually and approves and
reviews transactions involving affiliated brokers quarterly.
PROXY VOTING
The Board of Trustees of the trust has delegated the responsibility for voting proxies to CSIM
through their Advisory Agreement. The Trustees have adopted CSIMs Proxy Voting Policy and
Procedures with respect to proxies voted on behalf of the various Schwab Fund portfolios. A
description of CSIMs Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures is
included in Appendix B.
The trust is required to disclose annually each funds complete proxy voting record on Form N-PX.
The funds proxy voting record for the most recent 12 month period ended June 30th will be
available by visiting the Schwab website at www.schwab.com/SchwabETFs
Prospectus. A funds Form N-PX will also
be available on the SECs website at www.sec.gov.
Brokerage Commissions
The funds are new and, therefore, for each of the last three fiscal years, the funds paid no
brokerage commissions.
Regular Broker-Dealers
Each funds regular broker-dealers during its most recent fiscal year are: (1) the ten
broker-dealers that received the greatest dollar amount of brokerage commissions from the fund; (2)
the ten broker-dealers that engaged as principal in the largest dollar amount of portfolio
transactions; and (3) the ten broker-dealers that sold the largest dollar amount of the funds
shares. The funds are new and, therefore, have not purchased securities issued by any regular
broker-dealers.
DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST
Each fund is a series of Schwab Strategic Trust, an open-end investment management company
organized as a Delaware statutory trust on January 27, 2009.
The Declaration of Trust provides for the perpetual existence of the Trust. The Trust may, however,
be terminated at any time by vote of at least two-thirds of the outstanding shares of each series
of the Trust or by the vote of the Trustees.
33
Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each full share held (with fractional votes for
fractional shares held) and will vote (to the extent provided on the Declaration of Trust) in the election of Trustees
and the termination of the Trust and on other matters submitted to the vote of shareholders.
Shareholders will vote by individual series on all matters except (i) when required by the 1940
Act, shares shall be voted in the aggregate and not by individual series and (ii) when the Trustees
have determined that the matter affects only the interests of one or more series, then only
shareholders of such series shall be entitled to vote thereon. Shareholders of one series shall not
be entitled to vote on matters exclusively affecting another series, such matters including,
without limitation, the adoption of or change in any fundamental policies or restrictions of the
other series and the approval of the investment advisory contracts of the other series.
There will normally be no meetings of shareholders for the purpose of electing Trustees, except
that in accordance with the 1940 Act (i) the Trust will hold a shareholders meeting for the
election of Trustees at such time as less than a majority of the Trustees holding office have been
elected by shareholders, and (ii) if, as a result of a vacancy in the Board of Trustees, less than
two-thirds of the Trustees holding office have been elected by the shareholders, that vacancy may
only be filled by a vote of the shareholders. In addition, Trustees may be removed from office by a
written consent signed by the holders of two-thirds of the outstanding shares and filed with the
Trusts custodian or by a vote of the holders of two-thirds of the outstanding shares at a meeting
duly called for the purpose, which meeting shall be held upon the written request of the holders of
not less than 10% of the outstanding shares. Except as set forth above, the Trustees shall continue
to hold office and may appoint successor Trustees. Voting rights are not cumulative.
The Trust may, without shareholder vote, restate, amend or otherwise supplement the Declaration of
Trust. Shareholders shall have the right to vote on any amendment that could affect their right to
vote, any amendment to the Amendments section, any amendment for which shareholder vote may be
required by applicable law or by the Trusts registration statement filed with the SEC, and on any
amendment submitted to them by the Trustees.
Any series of the Trust may reorganize or merge with one or more other series of the Trust or another investment
company. Any such reorganization or merger shall be pursuant to the terms and conditions specified
in an agreement and plan of reorganization authorized and approved by the Trustees and entered into
by the relevant series in connection therewith. In addition, such reorganization or merger may be
authorized by vote of a majority of the Trustees then in office and, to the extent permitted by
applicable law, without the approval of shareholders of any series.
Shareholders wishing to submit proposals for inclusion in a proxy statement for a future
shareholder meeting should send their written submissions to the Trust at 1 Freedom Valley Drive,
Oaks, PA 19456. Proposals must be received a reasonable time in advance of a proxy solicitation to
be included. Submission of a proposal does not guarantee inclusion in a proxy statement because
proposals must comply with certain federal securities regulations.
PURCHASE, REDEMPTION AND PRICING OF SHARES
CREATION AND REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNITS
The funds are open each day that the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is open (Business Days). The
NYSEs trading session is normally conducted from 9:30 a.m. Eastern time until 4:00 p.m. Eastern
time, Monday through Friday, although some days, such as in advance of and following holidays, the
NYSEs trading session closes early. The following holiday closings are currently scheduled for
2009-2010: New Years Day, Martin Luther King Jr.s Birthday, Presidents Day, Good Friday, Memorial
Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. Only orders that are received
and deemed acceptable by the Distributor no later than the time specified by the Trust will be
executed that day at the funds share price calculated that day. On any day that the NYSE closes
early, the funds reserve the right to advance the time by which purchase and redemption orders must
be received by the Distributor that day in order to be executed that day at that days share price.
Creation
. The trust issues and sells shares of the funds only in Creation Units on a continuous
basis through the Distributor, without a sales load, at the NAV next determined after receipt, on
any Business Day, for an order received and deemed acceptable by the Distributor.
Fund Deposit
. The consideration for purchase of Creation Units of the funds may consist of (i) the
in-kind deposit of a designated portfolio of securities closely approximating the holdings of a
fund (the Deposit Securities), and an amount of cash denominated in U.S. Dollars (the Cash
Component) computed as described below. Together, the Deposit Securities and the Cash Component
constitute the Fund Deposit, which represents the minimum initial and subsequent investment
amount for a Creation Unit of a fund.
34
The funds may accept a basket of money market instruments, non-U.S. currency or cash denominated in
U.S. dollars that differs from the composition of the published basket. The funds may permit or
require the consideration for Creation Units to consist solely of cash or non-U.S. currency. The
funds may permit or require the substitution of an amount of cash denominated in U.S. Dollars
(i.e., a cash in lieu amount) to be added to the Cash Component to replace any Deposit Security.
For example, the trust reserves the right to permit or require a cash in lieu amount where the
delivery of the Deposit Security by the Authorized Participant (as described below) would be
restricted under the securities laws or where the delivery of the Deposit Security to the
Authorized Participant would result in the disposition of the Deposit Security by the Authorized
Participant becoming restricted under the securities laws, or in certain other situations.
The Cash Component is sometimes also referred to as the Balancing Amount. The Cash Component
serves the function of compensating for any differences between the NAV per Creation Unit and the
value of the Deposit Securities. If the Cash Component is a positive number (i.e., the NAV per
Creation Unit exceeds the value of the Deposit Securities), the creator will deliver the Cash
Component. If the Cash Component is a negative number (i.e., the NAV per Creation Unit is less than
the value of the Deposit Securities), the creator will receive the Cash Component. Computation of
the Cash Component excludes any stamp duty tax or other similar fees and expenses payable upon
transfer of beneficial ownership of the Deposit Securities, which shall be the sole responsibility
of the Authorized Participant.
A fund or its agent, through the NSCC or otherwise, makes available on each Business Day, prior to
the opening of business on the NYSE Arca, Inc. Exchange (currently 9:30 a.m., Eastern time), the
current Fund Deposit for the fund. Such Deposit Securities are applicable, subject to any
adjustments, in order to effect creations of Creation Units of the fund until such time as the
next-announced composition of the Deposit Securities is made available.
Procedures for Creation of Creation Units
. To be eligible to place orders with the Distributor and
to create a Creation Unit of a fund, an entity must be a Depository Trust Company (DTC)
participant, such as a broker-dealer, bank, trust company, clearing corporation or certain other
organization, some of whom (and/or their representatives) own DTC (each a DTC Participant). DTC
acts as securities depositary for the shares. The DTC Participant must have executed an agreement
with the Distributor with respect to creations and redemptions of Creation Units (Participant
Agreement). A DTC Participant that has executed a Participant Agreement is referred to as an
Authorized Participant. Investors should contact the Distributor for the names of Authorized
Participants that have signed a Participant Agreement. All shares of a fund, however created, will
be entered on the records of DTC in the name of DTC or its nominee and deposited with, or on behalf
of, DTC.
All orders to create shares must be placed for one or more Creation Units. Orders must be
transmitted by an Authorized Participant pursuant to procedures set forth in the Participant
Agreement. The date on which an order to create Creation Units (or an order to redeem Creation
Units, as discussed below) is placed is referred to as the Transmittal Date. Orders must be
transmitted by an Authorized Participant by telephone or other transmission method acceptable to
the Distributor pursuant to procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement, as described below.
Economic or market disruptions or changes, or telephone or other communication failure, may impede
the ability to reach the Distributor or an Authorized Participant.
On days when the New York Stock Exchange or U.S. or non-U.S. bond markets close earlier than
normal, a fund may require purchase orders to be placed earlier in the day. All questions as to the
number of Deposit Securities to be delivered, and the validity, form and eligibility (including
time of receipt) for the deposit of any tendered securities, will be determined by the trust, whose
determination shall be final and binding.
If the Distributor does not receive both the required Deposit Securities and the Cash Component by
the specified time on the settlement date, the trust may cancel or revoke acceptance of such order.
Upon written notice to the Distributor, such canceled or revoked order may be resubmitted the
following Business Day using the Fund Deposit as newly constituted to reflect the then current NAV
of a fund. The delivery of Creation Units so created generally will occur no later than the
settlement date.
Creation Units may be created in advance of receipt by the trust of all or a portion of the
applicable Deposit Securities as described below. In these circumstances, the initial deposit will
have a value greater than the NAV of the shares on the date the order is placed since, in addition
to available Deposit Securities, U.S. cash (or an equivalent amount of non-U.S. currency) must be
deposited in an amount equal to the sum of (i) the Cash Component, plus (ii) at least 102%, which
the trust may change from time to time, of the market value of the undelivered Deposit Securities
(the Additional Cash Deposit) with the fund pending delivery of any missing Deposit Securities.
The Authorized Participant must deposit with the custodian the appropriate amount of federal funds
by 10:00 a.m. New York time (or such other time as specified by the trust) on the settlement date.
If the Distributor does not receive the Additional Cash Deposit in the appropriate amount by such
time, then the order may be deemed to be rejected and the Authorized Participant
35
shall be liable to a fund for losses, if any, resulting therefrom. An additional amount of U.S.
cash (or an equivalent amount of non-U.S. currency) shall be required to be deposited with the
Distributor, pending delivery of the missing Deposit Securities to the extent necessary to maintain
the Additional Cash Deposit with the trust in an amount at least equal to 102%, which the trust may
change from time to time, of the daily marked to market value of the missing Deposit Securities. To
the extent that missing Deposit Securities are not received by the specified time on the settlement
date, or in the event a marked-to-market payment is not made within one Business Day following
notification by the Distributor that such a payment is required, the trust may use the cash on
deposit to purchase the missing Deposit Securities. The Authorized Participant will be liable to
the trust for the costs incurred by the trust in connection with any such purchases. These costs
will be deemed to include the amount by which the actual purchase price of the Deposit Securities
exceeds the market value of such Deposit Securities on the transmittal date plus the brokerage and
related transaction costs associated with such purchases. The trust will return any unused portion
of the Additional Cash Deposit once all of the missing Deposit Securities have been properly
received by the Distributor or purchased by the trust and deposited into the trust. In addition, a
transaction fee, as listed below, will be charged in all cases.
Acceptance of Orders for Creation Units
. The trust reserves the absolute right to reject or revoke
acceptance of a creation order transmitted to it by the Distributor in respect of a fund. For
example, the trust may reject or revoke acceptance of an order, if (i) the order does not conform
to the procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement; (ii) the investor(s), upon obtaining the
shares ordered, would own 80% or more of the currently outstanding shares of a fund; (iii) the
Deposit Securities delivered are not as disseminated through the facilities of the NSCC for that
date by a fund as described above; (iv) acceptance of the Deposit Securities would have certain
adverse tax consequences to a fund; (v) acceptance of the Fund Deposit would, in the opinion of
counsel, be unlawful; (vi) acceptance of the Fund Deposit would otherwise, in the discretion of the
trust or CSIM, have an adverse effect on the trust or the rights of beneficial owners; or (vii) in
the event that circumstances outside the control of the trust, the custodian, the Distributor or
CSIM make it for all practical purposes impossible to process creation orders. Examples of such
circumstances include natural disaster, war, revolution; public service or utility problems such as
fires, floods, extreme weather conditions and power outages resulting in telephone, telecopy and
computer failures; market conditions or activities causing trading halts; systems failures
involving computer or other information systems affecting the trust, CSIM, the Distributor, DTC,
NSCC, custodian (or sub-custodian) or any other participant in the creation process, and similar
extraordinary events. The Distributor shall notify a prospective creator of a Creation Unit and/or
the Authorized Participant acting on behalf of the creator of a Creation Unit of its rejection of
the order of such person. The trust, custodian (or sub-custodian) and the Distributor are under no
duty, however, to give notification of any defects or irregularities in the delivery of Fund
Deposits nor shall any of them incur any liability for the failure to give any such notification.
Creation/Redemption Transaction Fee
. The funds impose a Transaction Fee on investors purchasing
or redeeming Creation Units. The Transaction Fee will be limited to amounts that have been
determined by CSIM to be appropriate. The purpose of the Transaction Fee is to protect the existing
shareholders of the funds from the dilutive costs associated with the purchase and redemption of
Creation Units. Where the funds permit cash creations (or redemptions) or cash in lieu of
depositing one or more Deposit Securities, the purchaser (or redeemer) may be assessed a higher
Transaction Fee to offset the transaction cost to the funds of buying (or selling) those particular
Deposit Securities. Transaction Fees will differ for the funds, depending on the transaction
expenses related to the funds portfolio securities. Every purchaser of a Creation Unit will
receive a prospectus that contains disclosure about the Transaction Fee, including the maximum
amount of the Transaction Fee charged by the funds, which is four times the Additional
Creation/Redemption Transaction Fee.
The following table sets forth the standard and additional creation/redemption transaction fee for
the funds.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Standard
|
|
Additional
|
|
|
Approximate Value of One
|
|
Creation/Redemption
|
|
Creation/Redemption
|
Name of Fund
|
|
Creation Unit
|
|
Transaction Fee
|
|
Transaction Fee
|
Schwab U.S. Broad Market ETF
|
|
$
|
1,250,000
|
|
|
$
|
1,500
|
|
|
$
|
10,000
|
|
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap ETF
|
|
$
|
1,250,000
|
|
|
$
|
500
|
|
|
$
|
10,000
|
|
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Growth ETF
|
|
$
|
1,250,000
|
|
|
$
|
500
|
|
|
$
|
10,000
|
|
Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Value ETF
|
|
$
|
1,250,000
|
|
|
$
|
500
|
|
|
$
|
10,000
|
|
Schwab U.S. Small-Cap ETF
|
|
$
|
1,250,000
|
|
|
$
|
1,500
|
|
|
$
|
10,000
|
|
Schwab International Equity ETF
|
|
$
|
2,500,000
|
|
|
$
|
15,000
|
|
|
$
|
20,000
|
|
Schwab International Small-Cap Equity ETF
|
|
$
|
2,500,000
|
|
|
$
|
15,000
|
|
|
$
|
20,000
|
|
Schwab Emerging Markets Equity ETF
|
|
$
|
2,500,000
|
|
|
$
|
8,000
|
|
|
$
|
20,000
|
|
Placement of Redemption Orders
. The process to redeem Creation Units works much like the process to
purchase Creation Units, but in reverse. Orders to redeem Creation Units of the fund must be
delivered through an Authorized Participant. Investors other than Authorized Participants are
responsible for making arrangements for a redemption request to be made through an Authorized
36
Participant. Orders must be accompanied or followed by the requisite number of shares of the funds
specified in such order, which delivery must be made to the Distributor no later than 10:00 a.m.
New York time on the next Business Day following the Transmittal Date. All other procedures set
forth in the Participant Agreement must be properly followed.
To the extent contemplated by an Authorized Participants agreement, in the event the Authorized
Participant has submitted a redemption request but is unable to transfer all or part of the
Creation Units to be redeemed to the Distributor, the Distributor will nonetheless accept the
redemption request in reliance on the undertaking by the Authorized Participant to deliver the
missing shares as soon as possible. Such undertaking shall be secured by the Authorized
Participants delivery and maintenance of collateral consisting of cash having a value (marked to
market daily) at least equal to 105%, which CSIM may change from time to time, of the value of the
missing shares.
The current procedures for collateralization of missing shares require, among other things, that
any cash collateral shall be in the form of U.S. dollars (or, at the discretion of the trust,
non-U.S. currency in an equivalent amount) in immediately-available funds and shall be held by the
custodian and marked to market daily. The fees of the custodian (and any sub-custodians) in respect
of the delivery, maintenance and redelivery of the cash collateral shall be payable by the
Authorized Participant. The trust, on behalf of the funds, is permitted to purchase the missing
shares or acquire the Deposit Securities and the Cash Component underlying such shares at any time
and will subject the Authorized Participant to liability for any shortfall between the cost to the
trust of purchasing such shares, Deposit Securities or Cash Component and the value of the
collateral.
If the requisite number of shares of the funds is not delivered on the Transmittal Date as
described above the funds may reject or revoke acceptance of the redemption request. If it is not
possible to effect deliveries of the Fund Securities, the trust may in its discretion exercise its
option to redeem such shares in U.S. cash and the redeeming Authorized Participant will be required
to receive its redemption proceeds in cash. In addition, an investor may request a redemption in
cash that the fund may, in its sole discretion, permit. In either case, the investor will receive a
cash payment equal to the NAV of its shares based on the NAV of shares of a fund next determined
after the redemption request is received (minus a redemption transaction fee and additional charge
for requested cash redemptions specified above, to offset the trusts brokerage and other
transaction costs associated with the disposition of Fund Securities). The funds may also, in their
sole discretion, upon request of a shareholder, provide such redeemer a portfolio of securities
that differs from the exact composition of the Fund Securities but does not differ in NAV.
Redemptions of shares for Fund Securities will be subject to compliance with applicable federal and
state securities laws and the funds (whether or not it otherwise permits cash redemptions) reserve
the right to redeem Creation Units for cash to the extent that the trust could not lawfully deliver
specific Fund Securities upon redemptions or could not do so without first registering the Fund
Securities under such laws.
The ability of the trust to effect in-kind creations and redemptions is subject, among other
things, to the condition that, within the time period from the date of the order to the date of
delivery of the securities, there are no days that are holidays in the applicable foreign market.
For every occurrence of one or more intervening holidays in the applicable foreign market that are
not holidays observed in the U.S. equity market, the redemption settlement cycle may be extended by
the number of such intervening holidays. In addition to holidays, other unforeseeable closings in a
foreign market due to emergencies may also prevent the trust from delivering securities within
normal settlement period. The funds will not suspend or postpone redemption beyond seven days,
except as permitted under Section 22(e) of the 1940 Act or pursuant to exemptive relief obtained by
the trust. Section 22(e) provides that the right of redemption may be suspended or the date of
payment postponed with respect to the funds (1) for any period during which the NYSE is closed
(other than customary weekend and holiday closings); (2) for any period during which trading on the
NYSE is suspended or restricted; (3) for any period during which an emergency exists as a result of
which disposal of the shares of a funds portfolio securities or determination of its net asset
value is not reasonably practicable; or (4) in such other circumstance as is permitted by the SEC.
Pricing of Shares
Each business day, the funds calculate their share price, or NAV, as of the close of the NYSE
(generally, 4 p.m. Eastern time). This means that NAVs are calculated using the values of a funds
portfolio securities as of the close of the NYSE. Such values are required to be determined in one
of two ways: securities for which market quotations are readily available are required to be valued
at current market value; and securities for which market quotations are not readily available are
required to be valued at fair value using procedures approved by the Board of Trustees.
37
Shareholders of funds that invest in foreign securities should be aware that because foreign
markets are often open on weekends and other days when the funds are closed, the value of some of a
funds securities may change on days when it is not possible to buy or sell shares of the fund. The
funds use approved pricing services to provide values for their portfolio securities. Current
market values are generally determined by the approved pricing services as follows: generally
securities traded on exchanges are valued at the last-quoted sales price on the exchange on which
such securities are primarily traded, or, lacking any sales, at the mean between the bid and ask
prices; generally securities traded in the over-the-counter market are valued at the last reported
sales price that day, or, if no sales are reported, at the mean between the bid and ask prices.
Generally securities listed on the NASDAQ National Market System are valued in accordance with the
NASDAQ Official Closing Price. In addition, securities that are primarily traded on foreign
exchanges are generally valued at the preceding closing values of such securities on their
respective exchanges with these values then translated into U.S. dollars at the current exchange
rate. Fixed income securities normally are valued based on valuations provided by approved pricing
services. Securities may be fair valued pursuant to procedures approved by the funds Board of
Trustees when a security is de-listed or its trading is halted or suspended; when a securitys
primary pricing source is unable or unwilling to provide a price; when a securitys primary trading
market is closed during regular market hours; or when a securitys value is materially affected by
events occurring after the close of the securitys primary trading market. The Board of Trustees
regularly reviews fair value determinations made by the funds pursuant to the procedures.
NOTE: Transactions in fund shares will be priced at NAV only if you purchase or redeem shares
directly from a fund in Creation Units. Fund shares are purchased or sold on a national securities
exchange at market prices, which may be higher (premium) or lower (discount) than NAV.
TAXATION
Federal Tax Information for the Funds
This discussion of federal income tax consequences is based on the Code and the regulations issued
thereunder as in effect on the date of this Statement of Additional Information. New legislation,
as well as administrative changes or court decisions, may significantly change the conclusions
expressed herein, and may have a retroactive effect with respect to the transactions contemplated
herein.
It is each funds policy to qualify for taxation as a regulated investment company (RIC) by
meeting the requirements of Subchapter M of the Code. By qualifying as a RIC, each fund expects to
eliminate or reduce to a nominal amount the federal income tax to which it is subject. If a fund
does not qualify as a RIC under the Code, it will be subject to federal income tax on its net
investment income and any net realized capital gains. In addition, each fund could be required to
recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest, and make substantial distributions
before requalifying as a RIC.
Each fund is treated as a separate entity for federal income tax purposes and is not combined with
the trusts other funds. Each fund intends to qualify as a RIC so that it will be relieved of
federal income tax on that part of its income that is distributed to shareholders. In order to
qualify for treatment as a RIC, a fund must distribute annually to its shareholders at least 90% of
its investment company taxable income (generally, net investment income plus the excess, if any, of
net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital losses) and also must meet several
additional requirements. Among these requirements are the following: (i) at least 90% of a funds
gross income each taxable year must be derived from dividends, interest, payments with respect to
securities loans, and gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign
currencies, or other income derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock or
securities or currencies and net income derived from an interest in a qualified publicly traded
partnership; (ii) at the close of each quarter of a funds taxable year, at least 50% of the value
of its total assets must be represented by cash and cash items, U.S. Government securities,
securities of other RICs and other securities, with such other securities limited, in respect of
any one issuer, to an amount that does not exceed 5% of the value of a funds assets and that does
not represent more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer; and (iii) at the
close of each quarter of a funds taxable year, not more than 25% of the value of its assets may be
invested in securities (other than U.S. Government securities or the securities of other RICs) of
any one issuer or of two or more issuers and which are engaged in the same, similar, or related
trades or businesses if the fund owns at least 20% of the voting power of such issuers, or the
securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships.
Certain master limited partnerships may qualify as qualified publicly traded partnerships for
purposes of the Subchapter M diversification rules described above. In order to do so, the master
limited partnership must satisfy two requirements during the taxable year. First, the interests of
such partnership either must be traded on an established securities market or must be readily
tradable on a secondary market (or the substantial equivalent thereof). Second, less than 90% of
the partnerships gross income can consist of dividends, interest, payments with respect to
securities loans, or gains from the sale or other disposition of stock or securities or foreign
currencies, or other income derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock
securities or currencies.
38
The Code imposes a non-deductible excise tax on RICs that do not distribute in a calendar year
(regardless of whether they otherwise have a non-calendar taxable year) an amount equal to 98% of
their ordinary income (as defined in the Code) for the calendar year plus 98% of their net
capital gain for the one-year period ending on October 31 of such calendar year, plus any
undistributed amounts from prior years. The non-deductible excise tax is equal to 4% of the
deficiency. For the foregoing purposes, a fund is treated as having distributed any amount on which
it is subject to income tax for any taxable year ending in such calendar year. A fund may in
certain circumstances be required to liquidate fund investments in order to make sufficient
distributions to avoid federal excise tax liability at a time when the investment adviser might not
otherwise have chosen to do so, and liquidation of investments in such circumstances may affect the
ability of a fund to satisfy the requirements for qualification as a RIC.
Dividends and interest received from a funds holding of foreign securities may give rise to
withholding and other taxes imposed by foreign countries. Tax conventions between certain countries
and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes. If the funds meet certain requirements,
which include a requirement that more than 50% of the value of the funds total assets at the close
of its respective taxable year consists of stocks or securities of foreign corporations, then the
funds should be eligible to file an election with the Internal Revenue Service that may enable
shareholders, in effect, to receive either the benefit of a foreign tax credit, or a tax deduction,
with respect to any foreign and U.S. possessions income taxes paid to the funds, subject to certain
limitations. Pursuant to this election, the funds will treat those taxes as dividends paid to its
shareholders. Each such shareholder will be required to include a proportionate share of those
taxes in gross income as income received from a foreign source and must treat the amount so
included as if the shareholder had paid the foreign tax directly. The shareholder may then either
deduct the taxes deemed paid by him or her in computing his or her taxable income or,
alternatively, use the foregoing information in calculating any foreign tax credit the shareholder
may be entitled to use against such shareholders federal income tax. If the funds make this
election, the funds will report annually to its shareholders the respective amounts per share of
the funds income from sources within, and taxes paid to, foreign countries and U.S. possessions.
The funds transactions in foreign currencies and forward foreign currency contracts will be
subject to special provisions of the Internal Revenue Code that, among other things, may affect the
character of gains and losses realized by the funds (i.e., may affect whether gains or losses are
ordinary or capital), accelerate recognition of income to the funds and defer losses. These rules
could therefore affect the character, amount and timing of distributions to shareholders. These
provisions also may require the funds to mark-to-market certain types of positions in their
portfolios (i.e., treat them as if they were closed out) which may cause the funds to recognize
income without receiving cash with which to make distributions in amounts necessary to satisfy the
RIC distribution requirements for avoiding income and excise taxes. The funds intend to monitor
their transactions, intend to make the appropriate tax elections, and intend to make the
appropriate entries in their books and records when they acquire any foreign currency or forward
foreign currency contract in order to mitigate the effect of these rules so as to prevent
disqualification of the funds as a RIC and minimize the imposition of income and excise taxes.
If the funds own shares in certain foreign investment entities, referred to as passive foreign
investment companies or PFIC, the funds will be subject to one of the following special tax
regimes: (i) the funds are liable for U.S. federal income tax, and an additional interest charge,
on a portion of any excess distribution from such foreign entity or any gain from the disposition
of such shares, even if the entire distribution or gain is paid out by the funds as a dividend to
its shareholders; (ii) if the funds were able and elected to treat a PFIC as a qualifying electing
fund or QEF, the funds would be required each year to include in income, and distribute to
shareholders in accordance with the distribution requirements set forth above, the funds pro rata
share of the ordinary earnings and net capital gains of the passive foreign investment company,
whether or not such earnings or gains are distributed to the funds; or (iii) the funds may be
entitled to mark-to-market annually shares of the PFIC, and in such event would be required to
distribute to shareholders any such mark-to-market gains in accordance with the distribution
requirements set forth above.
A funds transactions in futures contracts, forward contracts, foreign currency exchange
transactions, options and certain other investment and hedging activities may be restricted by the
Code and are subject to special tax rules. In a given case, these rules may accelerate income to a
fund, defer its losses, cause adjustments in the holding periods of a funds assets, convert
short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses or otherwise affect the character of a
funds income. These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and character of distributions
to shareholders. Each fund will endeavor to make any available elections pertaining to these
transactions in a manner believed to be in the best interest of a fund and its shareholders.
Each fund is required for federal income tax purposes to mark-to-market and recognize as income for
each taxable year its net unrealized gains and losses on certain futures contracts as of the end of
the year as well as those actually realized during the year. Gain or loss from futures and options
contracts on broad-based indexes required to be marked to market will be 60% long-term and 40%
short-term capital gain or loss. Application of this rule may alter the timing and character of
distributions to shareholders. Each fund may be required to defer the recognition of losses on
futures contracts, options contracts and swaps to the extent of any unrecognized gains on
offsetting positions held by the fund. It is anticipated that any net gain realized from the
closing out of futures or options contracts will be considered gain from the sale of securities and
therefore will be qualifying income for purposes of the 90% requirement described above. Each fund
distributes to shareholders at least annually any net capital gains which have been recognized
39
for federal income tax purposes, including unrealized gains at the end of the funds fiscal year on
futures or options transactions. Such distributions are combined with distributions of capital
gains realized on the funds other investments and shareholders are advised on the nature of the
distributions.
With respect to investments in zero coupon securities which are sold at original issue discount and
thus do not make periodic cash interest payments, a fund will be required to include as part of its
current income the imputed interest on such obligations even though the fund has not received any
interest payments on such obligations during that period. Because each fund distributes all of its
net investment income to its shareholders, a fund may have to sell fund securities to distribute
such imputed income which may occur at a time when the adviser would not have chosen to sell such
securities and which may result in taxable gain or loss.
Federal Income Tax Information for Shareholders
The discussion of federal income taxation presented below supplements the discussion in each funds
prospectus and only summarizes some of the important federal tax considerations generally affecting
shareholders of the funds. Accordingly, prospective investors (particularly those not residing or
domiciled in the United States) should consult their own tax advisors regarding the consequences of
investing in the funds.
Any dividends declared by a fund in October, November or December and paid the following January
are treated, for tax purposes, as if they were received by shareholders on December 31 of the year
in which they were declared. In general, distributions by a fund of investment company taxable
income (including net short-term capital gains), if any, whether received in cash or additional
shares, will be taxable to you as ordinary income. A portion of these distributions may be treated
as qualified dividend income (eligible for the reduced maximum rate to individuals of 15% (reduced
rates apply to individuals in lower tax brackets)) to the extent that a fund receives qualified
dividend income. Qualified dividend income is, in general, dividend income from taxable domestic
corporations and certain foreign corporations (e.g., foreign corporations incorporated in a
possession of the United States or in certain countries with a comprehensive tax treaty with the
United States, or the stock of which is readily tradable on an established securities market in the
United States). A dividend will not be treated as qualified dividend income to the extent that (i)
the shareholder has not held the shares of the fund on which the dividend was paid for more than 60
days during the 121-day period that begins on the date that is 60 days before the date on which the
shares of a fund become ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (and each fund also satisfies
those holding period requirements with respect to the securities it holds that paid the dividends
distributed to the shareholder), (ii) the shareholder is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a
short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to substantially similar or related
property, or (iii) the shareholder elects to treat such dividend as investment income under section
163(d)(4)(B) of the Internal Revenue Code. Dividends received by each fund from a REIT or another
RIC may be treated as qualified dividend income only to the extent the dividend distributions are
attributable to qualified dividend income received by such REIT or RIC. It is expected that
dividends received by the fund from a REIT and distributed to a shareholder generally will be
taxable to the shareholder as ordinary income.
Distributions from net capital gain (if any) that are designated as capital gains dividends are
taxable as long-term capital gains without regard to the length of time the shareholder has held
shares of a fund. However, if you receive a capital gains dividend with respect to fund shares held
for six months or less, any loss on the sale or exchange of those shares shall, to the extent of
the capital gains dividend, be treated as a long-term capital loss. Long-term capital gains also
will be taxed at a maximum rate of 15%. Absent further legislation, the maximum 15% tax rate on
qualified dividend income and long-term capital gains will cease to apply to taxable years
beginning after December 31, 2010.
A fund will inform you of the amount of your ordinary income dividends and capital gain
distributions, if any, at the time they are paid and will advise you of their tax status for
federal income tax purposes, including what portion of the distributions will be qualified dividend
income, shortly after the close of each calendar year.
If a fund makes a distribution to a shareholder in excess of a funds current and accumulated
earnings and profits in any taxable year, the excess distribution will be treated as a return of
capital to the extent of the shareholders tax basis in its shares, and thereafter, as capital
gain. A return of capital is not taxable, but reduces a shareholders tax basis in its shares, thus
reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by the shareholder of
its shares.
For corporate investors in a fund, dividend distributions a fund designates to be from dividends
received from qualifying domestic corporations will be eligible for the 70% corporate
dividends-received deduction to the extent they would qualify if the fund were a regular
corporation. Distributions by a fund also may be subject to state, local and foreign taxes, which
may differ from the federal income tax treatment described above.
40
A sale of shares in a fund may give rise to a gain or loss. In general, any gain or loss realized
upon a taxable disposition of shares will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the
shares have been held for more than 12 months. Otherwise, the gain or loss on the taxable
disposition of shares will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss. Under current law, the
maximum tax rate on long-term capital gains available to non-corporate shareholders is generally
15% for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2011. Any loss realized upon a taxable
disposition of shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term, rather than
short-term, to the extent of any long-term capital gain distributions received (or deemed received)
by the shareholder with respect to the shares. All or a portion of any loss realized upon a taxable
disposition of shares will be disallowed if other substantially identical shares of a fund are
purchased within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of the newly
purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.
An Authorized Participant who exchanges securities for Creation Units generally will recognize a
gain or a loss. The gain or loss will be equal to the difference between the market value of the
Creation Units at the time and the sum of the exchangers aggregate basis in the securities
surrendered plus the amount of cash paid for such Creation Units. A person who redeems Creation
Units will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the exchangers basis
in the Creation Units and the sum of the aggregate market value of any securities received plus the
amount of any cash received for such Creation Units. The Internal Revenue Service, however, may
assert that a loss realized upon an exchange of securities for Creation Units cannot be deducted
currently under the rules governing wash sales, or on the basis that there has been no
significant change in economic position.
Any capital gain or loss realized upon the creation of Creation Units will generally be treated as
long-term capital gain or loss if the securities exchanged for such Creation Units have been held
for more than one year. Any capital gain or loss realized upon the redemption of Creation Units
will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares comprising the Creation
Units have been held for more than one year. Otherwise, such capital gains or losses will be
treated as short-term capital gains or losses. In some circumstances, a redemption of Creation
Units may be treated as resulting in a distribution to which section 301 of the Code applies,
potentially causing amounts received by the shareholder in the redemption to be treated as dividend
income rather than as a payment in exchange for Creation Units. The rules for determining when a
redemption will be treated as giving rise to a distribution under section 301 of the Code and the
tax consequences of Code section 301 distributions are complex. Persons purchasing or redeeming
Creation Units should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the tax treatment of any
creation or redemption transaction.
Certain tax-exempt shareholders, including qualified pension plans, individual retirement accounts,
salary deferral arrangements, 401(k)s, and other tax-exempt entities, generally are exempt from
federal income taxation except with respect to their unrelated business taxable income (UBTI).
Under current law, each fund generally serves to block UBTI from being realized by their tax-exempt
shareholders. However, notwithstanding the foregoing, tax-exempt shareholders could realize UBTI by
virtue of its investment in the fund where, for example, (i) a fund invests in REITs that hold
residual interests in real estate mortgage investment conduits (REMICs) or (ii) share in a fund
constitutes debt-financed property in the hands of the tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of
section 514(b) of the Code, a tax-exempt shareholder could realize UBTI by virtue of its investment
in the Fund. Charitable remainder trusts are subject to special rules and should consult their tax
advisors. There are no restrictions preventing a fund from holding investments in REITs that hold
residual interests in REMICs, and a fund may do so. The Internal Revenue Service has issued recent
guidance with respect to these issues and prospective shareholders, especially charitable remainder
trusts, are strongly encouraged to consult with their tax advisors regarding these issues.
Each fund has the right to reject an order to for Creation Units if the purchaser (or group of
purchasers) would, upon obtaining the shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares
of the fund and if, pursuant to section 351 of the Code, the respective fund would have a basis in
the deposit securities different from the market value of such securities on the date of deposit.
Each fund also has the right to require information necessary to determine beneficial Share
ownership for purposes of the 80% determination.
Dividends paid by the funds to shareholders who are nonresident aliens or foreign entities will be
subject to a 30% United States withholding tax unless a reduced rate of withholding or a
withholding exemption is provided under applicable treaty law to the extent derived from investment
income and short-term capital gain (other than qualified short-term capital gain described below)
or unless such income is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business carried on through a
permanent establishment in the United States. Nonresident shareholders are urged to consult their
own tax advisors concerning the applicability of the United States withholding tax and the proper
withholding form(s) to be submitted to the funds. A non-U.S. shareholder who fails to provide an
appropriate Internal Revenue Service Form W-8 may be subject to backup withholding at the
appropriate rate.
The funds may, under certain circumstances, designate all or a portion of a dividend as an
interest-related dividend that if received by a nonresident alien or foreign entity generally
would be exempt from the 30% U.S. withholding tax, provided that certain other
41
requirements are met. The funds may also, under certain circumstances, designate all or a portion
of a dividend as a qualified short-term capital gain dividend which if received by a nonresident
alien or foreign entity generally would be exempt from the 30% U.S. withholding tax, unless the
foreign person is a nonresident alien individual present in the United States for a period or
periods aggregating 183 days or more during the taxable year. In the case of Shares held through an
intermediary, the intermediary may withhold even if the funds designate the payment as qualified
net interest income or qualified short-term capital gain. Non-U.S. shareholders should contact
their intermediaries with respect to the application of these rules to their accounts. The
provisions relating to dividends to foreign persons would apply to dividends with respect to
taxable years of the funds beginning after December 31, 2004 and before January 1, 2010.
The Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act of 1980 (FIRPTA) makes non-U.S. persons subject
to U.S. tax on disposition of a U.S. real property interest as if he or she were a U.S. person.
Such gain is sometimes referred to as FIRPTA gain. The Internal Revenue Code provides a
look-through rule for distributions of FIRPTA gain by a RIC if all of the following requirements
are met: (i) the RIC is classified as a qualified investment entity (a qualified investment
entity includes a RIC if, in general, more than 50% of the RICs assets consists of interests in
REITs and U.S. real property holding corporations); and (ii) you are a non-U.S. shareholder that
owns more than 5% of a funds shares at any time during the one-year period ending on the date of
the distribution. If these conditions are met, fund distributions to you are treated as gain from
the disposition of a U.S. real property interest (USRPI), causing the distribution to be subject
to U.S. withholding tax at a rate of 35%, and requiring that you file a nonresident U.S. income tax
return. Also, such gain may be subject to a 30% branch profits tax in the hands of a non-U.S.
shareholder that is a corporation. Even if a non-U.S. shareholder does not own more than 5% of a
funds shares, fund distributions to you that are attributable to gain from the sale or disposition
of a USRPI will be taxable as ordinary dividends subject to withholding at a 30% or lower treaty
rate.
Disclosure for Non-U.S. Shareholders
Each fund will be required in certain cases to withhold at
the applicable withholding rate and remit to the U.S. Treasury the withheld amount of taxable
dividends paid to any shareholder who (1) fails to provide a correct taxpayer identification number
certified under penalty of perjury; (2) is subject to withholding by the Internal Revenue Service
for failure to properly report all payments of interest or dividends; (3) fails to provide a
certified statement that he or she is not subject to backup withholding; or (4) fails to provide
a certified statement that he or she is a U.S. person (including a U.S. resident alien). Backup
withholding is not an additional tax and any amounts withheld may be credited against the
shareholders ultimate U.S. tax liability.
Foreign shareholders (i.e., nonresident alien individuals and foreign corporations, partnerships,
trusts and estates) are generally subject to U.S. withholding tax at the rate of 30% (or a lower
tax treaty rate) on distributions derived from net investment income and short-term capital gains;
provided, however, that for a funds taxable year beginning after December 31, 2004 and not
beginning after December 31, 2009, interest related dividends and short-term capital gain dividends
generally will not be subject to U.S. withholding taxes. Distributions to foreign shareholders of
such short-term capital gain dividends, of long-term capital gains and any gains from the sale or
other disposition of shares of a fund generally are not subject to U.S. taxation, unless the
recipient is an individual who either (1) meets the Codes definition of resident alien or (2) is
physically present in the U.S. for 183 days or more per year. Different tax consequences may result
if the foreign shareholder is engaged in a trade or business within the United States. In addition,
the tax consequences to a foreign shareholder entitled to claim the benefits of a tax treaty may be
different than those described above.
Under U.S. Treasury regulations, if a shareholder recognizes a loss of $2 million or more for an
individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder, the shareholder must
file with the Internal Revenue Service a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of
portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current
guidance, shareholders of a RIC such as a fund are not excepted. Future guidance may extend the
current exception from this reporting requirement to shareholders of most or all RICs. The fact
that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of
whether the taxpayers treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax
advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual
circumstances.
Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisors as to the state and local tax rules affecting
investments in the funds.
42
Financial
Statement
Schwab U.S. Broad Market ETF
Statement of Assets and Liabilities
October 13, 2009
|
|
|
|
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
|
|
$
|
100,025
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Assets
|
|
|
100,025
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Assets
|
|
$
|
100,025
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Assets by Source
|
|
|
|
|
Paid-in capital
|
|
$
|
100,025
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Asset Value (NAV)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
Assets
|
|
÷
|
|
Shares
Outstanding
|
|
=
|
|
NAV
|
|
|
$100,025
|
|
|
|
|
4,001
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
25.00
|
|
|
|
See Financial Notes
43
Financial Notes:
1. Business Structure of the Fund:
The Schwab U.S. Broad Market ETF (the fund) is a series of the Schwab Strategic Trust, (the
trust) an open-end management investment company. The trust was organized as a Delaware
statutory trust on January 27, 2009 and is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the
1940 Act), as amended.
The fund has had no operations to date, other than the capital contribution of 4,000 shares in the
amount of $100,000 from Charles Schwab Corporation and 1 share in the amount of $25 from Charles
Schwab & Co., Inc. on October 13, 2009.
The fund is an exchange-traded fund (ETF). ETFs are funds that trade like other publicly-traded
securities. This fund is designed to track an index. Similar to shares of an index mutual fund,
each share of the fund represents a partial ownership of a fund which owns an underlying portfolio
of securities intended to track a market index. The funds objective is to track as closely as
possible, before fees and expenses, the total return of the Dow Jones U.S. Broad Stock Market
Index
SM
. Shares of the fund will be listed and traded at market prices on NYSE Arca,
Inc. (NYSE Arca).
The fund issues and redeems shares at their NAV only in large blocks of shares, typically 50,000
shares or more (Creation Units). These transactions are usually in exchange for a basket of
securities and an amount of cash. As a practical matter, only institutions purchase or redeem
Creation Units. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, shares of the fund are not redeemable
securities.
Fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. Although it is
expected that the market price of the shares of the fund will approximate the funds NAV, there may
be times when the market price and the NAV vary significantly.
2. Significant Accounting Policies:
The following is a summary of the significant accounting policies the fund uses in the preparation
of its financial statements. The accounting policies are in conformity with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America.
(a) Concentration of Credit Risk:
At times, the funds cash may exceed federally insurable limits. The fund believes it mitigates
this risk by investing in or through a major financial institution.
(b) Investment Income:
Interest income is recorded as it accrues. Dividends and distributions from portfolio securities
are recorded on the date they are effective (the ex-dividend date).
(c) Expenses:
Expenses that are specific to the fund or a class within the trust are charged directly to the
fund. Expenses that are common to all funds within the trust are generally allocated among the
funds in proportion to their average daily net assets.
(d) Distribution to Shareholders:
The fund declares distributions from net investment income (if any) quarterly and net realized
capital gains (if any) once a year.
(e) Accounting Estimates:
The accounting policies described in this report conform with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America. Notwithstanding this, shareholders should understand that
in order to follow these principles, fund management has to make estimates and assumptions that
affect the information reported in the financial statements.
Its possible that once the results are known, they may turn out to be different from these estimates.
44
Financial Notes (continued):
2. Significant Accounting Policies (continued):
(f) Federal Income Taxes:
The fund intends to meet federal income and excise tax requirements for regulated investment
companies. Accordingly, the fund distributes substantially all of its net investment income and
realized net capital gains (if any) to its respective shareholders each year. As long as the fund
meets the tax requirements, it is not required to pay federal income tax.
(g) Indemnification:
Under the funds organizational documents, the officers and trustees are indemnified against
certain liabilities arising out of the performance of their duties to the fund. In addition, in the
normal course of business the fund enters into contracts with its vendors and others that provide
general indemnifications. The funds maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown as this
would involve future claims that may be made against the fund. However, based on experience, the
fund expects the risk of loss to be remote.
3. Risk factors:
Investing in the fund may involve certain risks, as described in the funds prospectus, including,
but not limited to those described below:
Stock markets rise and fall daily. As with any investment whose performance is tied to these
markets, the value of your investment in the fund will fluctuate, this means that one could lose
money.
The prices of equity securities rise and fall daily. These price movements may result from factors
affecting individual companies, industries or the securities market as a whole. Individual
companies may report poor results or be negatively affected by industry and/or economic trends and
developments. The prices of securities issued by such companies may suffer a decline in response.
In addition, the equity market tends to move in cycles which may cause stock prices to fall over
short or extended periods of time.
The fund is not actively managed. Therefore, the fund follows the stocks included in the index
during upturns as well as downturns. Because of its indexing strategy, the fund does not take steps
to reduce market exposure or to lessen the effects of a declining market. In addition, because of
the funds expenses, the funds performance is normally below that of the index.
Although the index encompasses stocks from many different sectors of the economy, its performance
primarily reflects that of large- and mid-cap segments of the U.S. stock market. Both large- and
mid-cap stocks tend to go in and out of favor based on market and economic conditions. However,
stocks of mid-cap companies tend to be more volatile than those of large-cap companies because
mid-cap companies tend to be more susceptible to adverse business or economic events than larger
more established companies. During a period when large- and mid-cap U.S. stocks fall behind other
types of investments bonds or small-cap stocks, for instance the funds performance also will
lag those investments.
Historically, small-cap stocks have been riskier than large- and mid-cap stocks. Stock prices of
smaller companies may be based in substantial part on future expectations rather than current
achievements and may move sharply, especially during market upturns and downturns. Small-cap
companies themselves may be more vulnerable to adverse business or economic events than larger,
more established companies. During a period when small-cap stocks fall behind other types of
investments bonds or large-cap stocks, for instance the funds performance also will lag
those investments.
The fund does not fully replicate the index and may hold securities not included in the index. As a
result, the fund is subject to the risk that the Advisers investment management strategy, the
implementation of which is subject to a number of constraints, may not produce the intended results. Because the fund utilizes a sampling approach
its return may not correlate as well with the return on its index, as would be the case if the fund
purchased all of the equity securities in the index.
The funds return may not match the return of the index. For example, differences between the
funds securities and those in the index, rounding of prices, changes to the index and regulatory
requirements may cause tracking error, the divergence of the funds performance from that of its
index. The fund may not be able to invest in certain securities in its
45
Financial Notes (continued):
2. Risk factors (continued):
benchmark index, or match the securities weighting to the benchmark, due to regulatory,
operational or liquidity constraints, which may result in tracking error. The fund may attempt to
offset the effects of not being invested in certain index securities by making substitute
investments, but these efforts may not be successful. The fund also incurs fees and expenses while
the index does not, which may result in tracking error.
To the extent that the funds or the indexs portfolio is concentrated in the securities of issuers
in a particular market, industry, group of industries, sector or asset class, the fund may be
adversely affected by the performance of those securities, may be subject to increased price
volatility and may be more susceptible to adverse economic, market, political or regulatory
occurrences affecting that market, industry, group of industries, sector or asset class.
Although fund shares are listed on national securities exchanges, there can be no assurance that an
active trading market for fund shares will develop or be maintained. If an active market is not
maintained, investors may find it difficult to buy or sell fund shares. Trading of shares of the
fund on a stock exchange may be halted if exchange officials deem such action appropriate, if the
fund is delisted, or if the activation of market wide circuit breakers halts stock trading
generally. If the funds shares are delisted, the fund may seek to list its shares on another
market, merge with another ETF, or redeem its shares at NAV. The Adviser believes that, under
normal market conditions, large market price discounts or premiums to NAV will not be sustained
because of arbitrage opportunities.
As with all ETFs, fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices.
Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of the fund will approximate the funds
NAV, there may be times when the market price and the NAV vary significantly. Thus, you may pay
more than NAV when you buy shares of the fund in the secondary market, and you may receive less
than NAV when you sell those shares in the secondary market.
The market price of fund shares during the trading day, like the price of any exchange-traded
security, includes a bid/ask spread charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other
participants that trade the fund shares. The bid/ask spread on ETF shares is likely to be larger
on ETFs that are traded less frequently. In addition, in times of severe market disruption, the
bid/ask spread can increase significantly. At those times, fund shares are most likely to be
traded at a discount to NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is
falling fastest, which may be the time that you most want to sell your shares. The investment
adviser believes that, under normal market conditions, large market price discounts or premiums to
NAV will not be sustained because of arbitrage opportunities.
An investment in the fund is not a bank deposit and it is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal
Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) or any other government agency.
Please refer to the funds prospectus for a complete description of the principal risks of
investing in the fund.
3.
Affiliates and Affiliated Transactions
:
Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. (CSIM or the investment adviser), a wholly owned
subsidiary of The Charles Schwab Corporation, serves as the funds investment adviser and
administrator pursuant to Investment Advisory and Administration Agreements (Advisory Agreements)
between it and the trust.
The investment adviser is entitled to receive an annual fee payable monthly at an annual rate of
0.08% of the average daily net assets of the fund. The investment adviser will pay the operating
expenses of the fund, excluding interest expense, taxes, any brokerage expenses, distribution fees
or expenses (i.e., 12b-1 fees) and extraordinary or non-routine expenses.
4. Other Shareholder Services:
SEI Investments Distribution Co. (the Distributor) is the principal underwriter and distributor
of shares of the fund. The trust has adopted a Distribution and Shareholder Service Plan. Under
the Plan, pursuant to Rule 12b-1 of the 1940 Act, the fund is subject to an annual 12b-1 fee of up
to 0.25% of the funds average daily net assets. The plan allows the fund to pay distribution
and shareholder services fees to the Distributor and other firms that provide distribution and shareholder services. However, the
Board has determined that no such fees will be charged prior to November 14, 2011.
46
Financial Notes (continued):
5. Other Service Providers:
State Street Bank and Trust Company serves as the funds transfer agent. As part of these
services, the transfer agent maintains records pertaining to the sale, redemption and transfer of
the funds shares.
State Street Bank and Trust Company also serves as custodian and accountant for the fund. The
custodian is responsible for the daily safekeeping of securities and cash held or sold by the fund.
The funds accountant maintains all books and records related to the funds transactions.
6. Board of Trustees:
Trustees may include people who are officers and/or directors of other fund families affiliated to
the investment adviser. Federal securities law limits the percentage of the interested persons
who may serve on a trusts board, and the trust was in compliance with these limitations. The
trust did not pay any of the interested persons for their services as trustees.
7. Organizational Expenses:
The organizational expenses of the fund will be paid by CSIM and will not be subject to future
recoupment.
8. Subsequent Events:
As of October 20, 2009, the date the financial statements were available to be issued, no
subsequent events or transactions had occurred that would have materially impacted the financial
statements as presented.
47
APPENDIX A RATINGS OF INVESTMENT SECURITIES
From time to time, the fund may report the percentage of its assets that fall into the rating
categories set forth below.
BONDS
Moodys Investors Service
Aaa
Bonds which are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the smallest degree
of investment risk and are generally referred to as gilt edged. Interest payments are protected
by a large or by an exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure. While the various
protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to
impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues.
Aa
Bonds which are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards. Together with the
Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as high-grade bonds. They are rated lower than the
best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of
protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present which make
the long term risk appear somewhat larger than the Aaa securities.
A
Bonds which are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are to be considered as
upper-medium grade obligations. Factors giving security to principal and interest are considered
adequate, but elements may be present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment some time in the
future.
Baa
Bonds which are rated Baa are considered as medium-grade obligations (i.e., they are neither
highly protected nor poorly secured). Interest payments and principal security appear adequate for
the present but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable
over any great length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact
have speculative characteristics as well.
Ba
Bonds which are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their future cannot be
considered as well-assured. Often the protection of interest and principal payments may be very
moderate and thereby not well safeguarded during both good and bad times over the future.
Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this class.
B
Bonds which are rated B generally lack characteristics of the desirable investment. Assurance of
interest and principal payments or of maintenance of other terms of the contract over any long
period of time may be small.
Standard & Poors Corporation
Investment Grade
AAA
Debt rated AAA has the highest rating assigned by S&P. Capacity to pay interest and repay
principal is extremely strong.
AA
Debt rated AA has a very strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal and differs from
the highest rated debt only in small degree.
A
Debt rated A has a strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal, although it is somewhat
more susceptible to adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than debt
in higher-rated categories.
BBB
Debt rated BBB is regarded as having an adequate capacity to pay interest and repay
principal. Whereas it normally exhibits adequate protection parameters, adverse economic conditions
or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay interest and repay
principal for debt in this category than in higher rated categories.
Speculative Grade
Debt rated BB and B is regarded as having predominantly speculative characteristics with
respect to capacity to pay interest and repay principal. While such debt will likely have some
quality and protective characteristics, these are outweighed by large uncertainties or major risk
exposures to adverse conditions.
48
BB
Debt rated BB has less near-term vulnerability to default than other speculative grade debt.
However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or
economic conditions that could lead to inadequate capacity to meet timely interest and principal
payments. The BB rating category is also used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is
assigned an actual or implied BBB- rating.
B
Debt rate B has greater vulnerability to default but presently has the capacity to meet
interest payments and principal repayments. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions
would likely impair capacity or willingness to pay interest and repay principal. The B rating
category also is used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied
BB or BB- rating.
Fitch, Inc.
Investment Grade Bond
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AAA
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Bonds considered to be investment grade and of the highest
credit quality. The obligor has an exceptionally strong
ability to pay interest and repay principal, which is unlikely
to be affected by reasonably foreseeable events.
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AA
|
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Bonds considered to be investment grade and of very high
credit quality. The obligors ability to pay interest and
repay principal is very strong, although not quite as strong
as bonds rated AAA. Because bonds rated in the AAA and
AA categories are not significantly vulnerable to
foreseeable future developments, short term debt of these
issuers is generally rated F1+.
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A
|
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Bonds considered to be investment grade and of high credit
quality. The obligors ability to pay interest and repay
principal is considered to be strong, but may be more
vulnerable to adverse changes in economic conditions and
circumstances than bonds with higher ratings.
|
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BBB
|
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Bonds considered to be investment grade and of satisfactory
credit quality. The obligors ability to pay interest and
repay principal is considered to be adequate. Adverse changes
in economic conditions and circumstances, however, are more
likely to have adverse impact on these bonds, and therefore
impair timely payment. The likelihood that the ratings of
these bonds will fall below investment grade is higher than
for bonds with higher ratings.
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Speculative grade bond
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BB
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Bonds are considered speculative. The obligors ability to pay
interest and repay principal may be affected over time by
adverse economic changes. However, business and financial
alternatives can be identified which could assist the obligor
in satisfying its debt service requirements.
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B
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Bonds are considered highly speculative. While bonds in this
class are currently meeting debt service requirements, the
probability of continued timely payment of principal and
interest reflects the obligors limited margin of safety and
the need for reasonable business and economic activity
throughout the life of the issue.
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49
Dominion Bond Rating Service
Bond and Long Term Debt Rating Scale
As is the case with all DBRS rating scales, long term debt ratings are meant to give an indication
of the risk that the borrower will not fulfill its full obligations in a timely manner with respect
to both interest and principal commitments. DBRS ratings do not take factors such as pricing or
market risk into consideration and are expected to be used by purchasers as one part of their
investment process. Every DBRS rating is based on quantitative and qualitative considerations that
are relevant for the borrowing entity.
AAA: Highest Credit Quality
AA: Superior Credit Quality
A: Satisfactory Credit Quality
BBB: Adequate Credit Quality
BB: Speculative
B: Highly Speculative
CCC: Very Highly Speculative
CC: Very Highly Speculative
C: Very Highly Speculative
AAA
Bonds rated AAA are of the highest credit quality, with exceptionally strong protection for
the timely repayment of principal and interest. Earnings are considered stable, the structure of
the industry in which the entity operates is strong, and the outlook for future profitability is
favorable. There are few qualifying factors present which would detract from the performance of the
entity, the strength of liquidity and coverage ratios is unquestioned and the entity has
established a creditable track record of superior performance. Given the extremely tough definition
which DBRS has established for this category, few entities are able to achieve a AAA rating.
AA
Bonds rated AA are of superior credit quality, and protection of interest and principal is
considered high. In many cases, they differ from bonds rated AAA only to a small degree. Given the
extremely tough definition which DBRS has for the AAA category (which few companies are able to
achieve), entities rated AA are also considered to be strong credits which typically exemplify
above-average strength in key areas of consideration and are unlikely to be significantly affected
by reasonably foreseeable events.
A
Bonds rated A are of satisfactory credit quality. Protection of interest and principal is
still substantial, but the degree of strength is less than with AA rated entities. While a
respectable rating, entities in the A category are considered to be more susceptible to adverse
economic conditions and have greater cyclical tendencies than higher rated companies.
BBB
Bonds rated BBB are of adequate credit quality. Protection of interest and principal is
considered adequate, but the entity is more susceptible to adverse changes in financial and
economic conditions, or there may be other adversities present which reduce the strength of the
entity and its rated securities.
BB
Bonds rated BB are defined to be speculative, where the degree of protection afforded
interest and principal is uncertain, particularly during periods of economic recession. Entities in
the BB area typically have limited access to capital markets and additional liquidity support and,
in many cases, small size or lack of competitive strength may be additional negative
considerations.
B
Bonds rated B are highly speculative and there is a reasonably high level of uncertainty
which exists as to the ability of the entity to pay interest and principal on a continuing basis in
the future, especially in periods of economic recession or industry adversity.
CCC
/
CC
/
C
Bonds rated in any of these categories are very highly speculative and are in
danger of default of interest and principal. The degree of adverse elements present is more severe
than bonds rated B. Bonds rated below B often have characteristics which, if not remedied, may
lead to default. In practice, there is little difference between the C to CCC categories, with
CC and C normally used to lower ranking debt of companies where the senior debt is rated in the
CCC to B range.
D
This category indicates Bonds in default of either interest or principal.
50
(
high
,
low
) grades are used to indicate the relative standing of a credit within a particular
rating category. The lack of one of these designations indicates a rating which is essentially in
the middle of the category. Note that high and low grades are not used for the AAA category.
COMMERCIAL PAPER AND SHORT-TERM DEBT RATING SCALE
Dominion Bond Rating Service
As is the case with all DBRS rating scales, commercial paper ratings are meant to give an
indication of the risk that the borrower will not fulfill its obligations in a timely manner. DBRS
ratings do not take factors such as pricing or market risk into consideration and are expected to
be used by purchasers as one part of their investment process. Every DBRS rating is based on
quantitative and qualitative considerations which are relevant for the borrowing entity.
R-1: Prime Credit Quality
R-2: Adequate Credit Quality
R-3: Speculative
All three DBRS rating categories for short term debt use high, middle or low as subset grades
to designate the relative standing of the credit within a particular rating category. The following
comments provide separate definitions for the three grades in the Prime Credit Quality area, as
this is where ratings for active borrowers in Canada continue to be heavily concentrated.
R-1 (high)
Short term debt rated R-1 (high) is of the highest credit quality, and indicates an
entity which possesses unquestioned ability to repay current liabilities as they fall due. Entities
rated in this category normally maintain strong liquidity positions, conservative debt levels and
profitability which is both stable and above average. Companies achieving an R-1 (high) rating
are normally leaders in structurally sound industry segments with proven track records, sustainable
positive future results and no substantial qualifying negative factors. Given the extremely tough
definition which DBRS has established for an R-1 (high), few entities are strong enough to
achieve this rating.
R-1 (middle)
Short term debt rated R-1 (middle) is of superior credit quality and, in most
cases, ratings in this category differ from R-1 (high) credits to only a small degree. Given the
extremely tough definition which DBRS has for the R-1 (high) category (which few companies are
able to achieve), entities rated R-1 (middle) are also considered strong credits which typically
exemplify above average strength in key areas of consideration for debt protection.
R-1 (low)
Short term debt rated R-1 (low) is of satisfactory credit quality. The overall
strength and outlook for key liquidity, debt and profitability ratios is not normally as favorable
as with higher rating categories, but these considerations are still respectable. Any qualifying
negative factors which exist are considered manageable, and the entity is normally of sufficient
size to have some influence in its industry.
R-2 (high)
,
R-2 (middle)
,
R-2 (low)
Short term debt rated R-2 is of adequate credit quality
and within the three subset grades, debt protection ranges from having reasonable ability for
timely repayment to a level which is considered only just adequate. The liquidity and debt ratios
of entities in the R-2 classification are not as strong as those in the R-1 category, and the
past and future trend may suggest some risk of maintaining the strength of key ratios in these
areas. Alternative sources of liquidity support are considered satisfactory; however, even the
strongest liquidity support will not improve the commercial paper rating of the issuer. The size of
the entity may restrict its flexibility, and its relative position in the industry is not typically
as strong as an R-1 credit. Profitability trends, past and future, may be less favorable,
earnings not as stable, and there are often negative qualifying factors present which could also
make the entity more vulnerable to adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.
R-3 (high)
,
R-3 (middle)
,
R-3 (low)
Short term debt rated R-3 is speculative, and within
the three subset grades, the capacity for timely payment ranges from mildly speculative to
doubtful. R-3 credits tend to have weak liquidity and debt ratios, and the future trend of these
ratios is also unclear. Due to its speculative nature, companies with R-3 ratings would normally
have very limited access to alternative sources of liquidity. Earnings would typically be very
unstable, and the level of overall profitability of the entity is also likely to be low. The
industry environment may be weak, and strong negative qualifying factors are also likely to be
present.
SHORT TERM NOTES AND VARIABLE RATE DEMAND OBLIGATIONS
Moodys Investors Service
51
Short term notes/variable rate demand obligations bearing the designations MIG-1/VMIG-1 are
considered to be of the best quality, enjoying strong protection from established cash flows,
superior liquidity support or demonstrated broad-based access to the market for refinancing.
Obligations rated MIG-2/VMIG-3 are of high quality and enjoy ample margins of protection although
not as large as those of the top rated securities.
Standard & Poors Corporation
An S&P SP-1 rating indicates that the subject securities issuer has a strong capacity to pay
principal and interest. Issues determined to possess very strong safety characteristics are given a
plus (+) designation. S&Ps determination that an issuer has a satisfactory capacity to pay
principal and interest is denoted by an SP-2 rating.
Fitch, Inc.
Obligations supported by the highest capacity for timely repayment are rated F1+. An F1 rating
indicates that the obligation is supported by a very strong capacity for timely repayment.
Obligations rated F2 are supported by a good capacity for timely repayment, although adverse
changes in business, economic, or financial conditions may affect this capacity.
COMMERCIAL PAPER
Moodys Investors Service
Prime-1 is the highest commercial paper rating assigned by Moodys. Issuers (or related supporting
institutions) of commercial paper with this rating are considered to have a superior ability to
repay short term promissory obligations. Issuers (or related supporting institutions) of securities
rated Prime-2 are viewed as having a strong capacity to repay short term promissory obligations.
This capacity will normally be evidenced by many of the characteristics of issuers whose commercial
paper is rated Prime-1 but to a lesser degree.
Standard & Poors Corporation
A Standard & Poors Corporation (S&P) A-1 commercial paper rating indicates a strong degree of
safety regarding timely payment of principal and interest. Issues determined to possess
overwhelming safety characteristics are denoted A-1+. Capacity for timely payment on commercial
paper rated A-2 is satisfactory, but the relative degree of safety is not as high as for issues
designated A-1.
Fitch, Inc.
F1+ is the highest category, and indicates the strongest degree of assurance for timely payment.
Issues rated F1 reflect an assurance of timely payment only slightly less than issues rated F1+.
Issues assigned an F2 rating have a satisfactory degree of assurance for timely payment, but the
margin of safety is not as great as for issues in the first two rating categories.
52
Page 1 of 5
Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.
The Charles Schwab Family of Funds
Schwab Investments
Schwab Capital Trust
Schwab Annuity Portfolios
Laudus Trust
Laudus Institutional Trust
Schwab Strategic Trust
Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures
As of March 2009
Charles Schwab Investment Management (CSIM), as an investment adviser, is generally responsible
for voting proxies with respect to the securities held in accounts of investment companies and
other clients for which it provides discretionary investment management services. CSIMs Proxy
Committee exercises and documents CSIMs responsibility with regard to voting of client proxies
(the Proxy Committee). The Proxy Committee is composed of representatives of CSIMs Fund
Administration, Legal, and Portfolio Management Departments, and chaired by CSIMs Vice
President-Portfolio Operations & Analytics. The Proxy Committee reviews and, as necessary, may
amend periodically these Procedures to address new or revised proxy voting policies or procedures.
The policies stated in these Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures (the CSIM Proxy Procedures)
pertain to all of CSIMs clients.
The Boards of Trustees (the Trustees) of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments,
Schwab Capital Trust, and Schwab Annuity Portfolios (collectively, the Funds or Schwab Funds
®
)
have delegated the responsibility for voting proxies to CSIM through their respective Investment
Advisory and Administration Agreements. In addition, the Boards of Trustees (the Trustees) of
Laudus Trust and Laudus Institutional Trust (collectively, the Funds or Laudus Funds) have
delegated the responsibility for voting proxies to CSIM through their respective Investment
Advisory and Administration Agreements. The Trustees have adopted these Proxy Procedures with
respect to proxies voted on behalf of the various Schwab Funds and Laudus Funds portfolios. CSIM
will present amendments to the Trustees for approval. However, there may be circumstances where the
Proxy Committee deems it advisable to amend the Proxy Procedures between regular Schwab Funds and
Laudus Funds Board meetings. In such cases, the Trustees will be asked to ratify any changes at
the next regular meeting of the Board.
To assist CSIM in its responsibility for voting proxies and the overall proxy voting process, CSIM
has retained Institutional Shareholder Services, acquired by RiskMetrics Group (RMG), as an
expert in the proxy voting and corporate governance area. The services provided by RMG include
in-depth research, global issuer analysis, and voting recommendations as well as vote execution,
reporting and record keeping. CSIM has also retained Glass Lewis & Co. (Glass Lewis), as an
additional expert in proxy voting, to assist CSIM in voting proxies of limited partnerships. Glass
Lewis is an independent provider of global proxy research and voting recommendations.
Page 2 of 5
Proxy Voting Policy
For investment companies and other clients for which CSIM exercises its responsibility for voting
proxies, it is CSIMs policy to vote proxies in the manner that CSIM and the Proxy Committee
determine will maximize the economic benefit to CSIMs clients. In furtherance of this policy, the
Proxy Committee has received and reviewed RMGs written proxy voting policies and procedures
(RMGs Proxy Procedures) and has determined that RMGs Proxy Procedures, with the exception noted
below, are consistent with the CSIM Proxy Procedures and CSIMs fiduciary duty with respect to its
clients. The Proxy Committee will review any material amendments to RMGs Proxy Procedures to
determine whether such procedures continue to be consistent with the CSIM Proxy Voting Procedures,
and CSIMs fiduciary duty with respect to its clients.
Except under each of the circumstances described below, the Proxy Committee will delegate to RMG
responsibility for voting proxies, including timely submission of votes, on behalf of CSIMs
clients in accordance with RMGs Proxy Procedures.
RMGs Proxy Procedures are not intended to cover proxies of limited partnerships (LP
Proxies), and accordingly RMG does not provide analysis or voting recommendations for LP Proxies.
To assist in its responsibility for voting LP Proxies, the Proxy Committee has received and
reviewed Glass Lewiss written proxy policy guidelines (Glass Lewiss Proxy Procedures) and has
determined that Glass Lewiss Proxy Procedures are consistent with CSIM Proxy Procedures and CSIMs
fiduciary duty with respect to its clients. The Proxy Committee will review any material
amendments to Glass Lewiss Proxy Procedures to determine whether such procedures continue to be
consistent with the CSIM Proxy Voting Procedures, and CSIMs fiduciary duty with respect to its
clients. In general, the Proxy Committee or its designee will instruct RMG to vote an LP Proxy
consistent with the recommendation provided by Glass Lewis in accordance with Glass Lewiss Proxy
Procedures.
For proxy issues, including LP Proxy issues, that are determined by the Proxy Committee or the
applicable portfolio manager or other relevant portfolio management staff to raise significant
concerns with respect to the accounts of CSIM clients, the Proxy Committee will review the analysis
and recommendation of RMG or Glass Lewis, as applicable. Examples of factors that could cause a
matter to raise significant concerns include, but are not limited to: issues whose outcome has the
potential to materially affect the companys industry, or regional or national economy, and matters
which involve broad public policy developments which may similarly materially affect the
environment in which the company operates. The Proxy Committee also will solicit input from the
assigned portfolio manager and other relevant portfolio management staff for the particular
portfolio security. After evaluating all such recommendations, the Proxy Committee will decide how
to vote the shares and will instruct RMG to vote consistent with its decision. The Proxy Committee
has the ultimate responsibility for making the determination of how to vote the shares in order to
maximize the value of that particular holding.
Page 3 of 5
With respect to proxies of an affiliated mutual fund, the Proxy Committee will vote such
proxies in the same proportion as the vote of all other shareholders of the fund (
i.e.
, echo
vote), unless otherwise required by law. When required by law, the Proxy Committee will also echo
vote proxies of an unaffiliated mutual fund. For example, certain exemptive orders issued to the
Schwab Funds
®
by the Securities and Exchange Commission and Section 12(d)(1)(F) of the Investment
Company Act of 1940, as amended, require the Schwab Funds, under certain circumstances, to echo
vote proxies of registered investment companies that serve as underlying investments of the Schwab
Funds. When not required to echo vote, the Proxy Committee will delegate to RMG responsibility
for voting proxies of an unaffiliated mutual fund in accordance with RMGs Proxy Procedures.
With respect to shareholder proposals requiring that a company chairmans position be filled
by an independent director, the Proxy Committee has instructed RMG to vote against such proposals
unless the company does not meet RMGs 2008 performance hurdle. A company fails to meet the
performance hurdle if its total shareholder returns relative to industry peers and the appropriate
broad market index are in the bottom 5% for the one-year and three-year periods. In cases where a
company fails to meet the performance hurdle, the Proxy Committee has instructed RMG to vote for
shareholder proposals requiring that the chairmans position be filled by an independent director.
In addition to RMG not providing analyses or recommendations for LP Proxies, there may be
other circumstances in which RMG does not provide an analysis or recommendation for voting a
securitys proxy. In that event, and when the following criteria are met, two members of the Proxy
Committee, including at least one representative from equity Portfolio Management, may decide how
to vote such proxy in order to maximize the value of that particular holding. The following
criteria must be met: (1) For each Fund that holds the security in its portfolio, the value of the
security must represent less than one tenth of one cent in the Funds NAV,
and
(2) the securitys
value must equal less than $50,000 in the aggregate across all of the Funds and separate accounts
that hold this security. Any voting decision made under these circumstances will be reported to the
Proxy Committee at its next scheduled meeting.
Conflicts of Interest
. Except as described above for proxies of mutual funds and shareholder
proposals requiring that the chairmans position be filled by an independent director, where proxy
issues present material conflicts of interest between CSIM, and/or any of its affiliates, and
CSIMs clients, CSIM will delegate to RMG responsibility for voting such proxies in accordance with
RMGs Proxy Procedures, or, in the case of LP Proxies, in accordance with Glass Lewiss
recommendations as provided to RMG. The CSIM Legal Department is responsible for developing
procedures to identify material conflicts of interest.
Voting Foreign Proxies
. CSIM has arrangements with RMG for voting proxies. However, voting
proxies with respect to shares of foreign securities may involve significantly greater effort and
corresponding cost than voting proxies with respect to
domestic securities, due to the variety of regulatory schemes and corporate practices in foreign
countries with respect to proxy voting. Problems voting foreign proxies may include the following:
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proxy statements and ballots written in a foreign language;
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Page 4 of 5
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o
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untimely and/or inadequate notice of shareholder meetings;
|
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o
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restrictions of foreigners ability to exercise votes;
|
|
|
o
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requirements to vote proxies in person;
|
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o
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requirements to provide local agents with power of attorney to facilitate CSIMs voting
instructions.
|
In consideration of the foregoing issues, RMG uses its best-efforts to vote foreign proxies. As
part of its ongoing oversight, the Proxy Committee will monitor the voting of foreign proxies to
determine whether all reasonable steps are taken to vote foreign proxies. If the Proxy Committee
determines that the cost associated with the attempt to vote outweighs the potential benefits
clients may derive from voting, the Proxy Committee may decide not to attempt to vote. In
addition, certain foreign countries impose restrictions on the sale of securities for a period of
time in proximity to the shareholder meeting. To avoid these trading restrictions, the Proxy
Committee instructs RMG not to vote such foreign proxies.
Securities Lending Programs
. Certain of the Funds enter into securities lending arrangements
with lending agents to generate additional revenue for their portfolios. In securities lending
arrangements, any voting rights that accompany the loaned securities generally pass to the borrower
of the securities, but the lender retains the right to recall a security and may then exercise the
securitys voting rights. In order to vote the proxies of securities out on loan, the securities
must be recalled prior to the established record date. CSIM will use its best efforts to recall a
Funds securities on loan and vote such securities proxies if (a) the proxy relates to a special
meeting of shareholders of the issuer (as opposed to the issuers annual meeting of shareholders),
or (b) the Fund owns more than 5% of the outstanding shares of the issuer. Further, it is CSIMs
policy to use its best efforts to recall securities on loan and vote such securities proxies if
CSIM determines that the proxies involve a material event affecting the loaned securities. CSIM may
utilize third-party service providers to assist it in identifying and evaluating whether an event
is material.
Sub-Advisory Relationships
. For investment companies or other clients that CSIM has delegated
day-to-day investment management responsibilities to an investment adviser, CSIM may delegate its
responsibility to vote proxies with respect to such investment companies or other clients
securities. Each Sub-adviser to whom proxy voting responsibility has been delegated will be
required to review all proxy solicitation material and to exercise the voting rights associated
with the securities as it has been allocated in the best interest of each investment company and
its shareholders, or other client. Prior to delegating the proxy voting responsibility, CSIM will
review each sub-advisers proxy voting policy to ensure that each Sub-advisers proxy voting policy
is generally consistent with the maximization of economic benefits to the investment company or
other client.
Reporting and Record Retention
CSIM will maintain, or cause RMG to maintain, records which identify the manner in which proxies
have been voted (or not voted) on behalf of CSIM clients. CSIM will comply with all applicable
rules and regulations regarding disclosure of its or its clients proxy voting records and
procedures.
Page 5 of 5
CSIM will retain all proxy voting materials and supporting documentation as required under the
Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and the rules and regulations thereunder.
Appendix B
U.S. Proxy Voting Guidelines Concise Summary
(Digest of Selected Key Guidelines)
January 15, 2009
Copyright © 2009 by RiskMetrics Group.
The policies contained herein are a sampling of select, key proxy voting guidelines and are not
exhaustive. A full listing of RiskMetrics 2009 proxy voting guidelines can be found in the Jan. 15,
2009, edition of the
U.S. Proxy Voting Manual
.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Requests for permission to make
copies of any part of this work should be sent to: RiskMetrics Group Marketing Department, One
Chase Manhattan Plaza, 44th Floor, New York, NY 10005. RiskMetrics Group is a trademark used herein
under license.
Risk Management | RiskMetrics Labs | ISS Governance Services | Financial Research & Analysis
www.riskmetrics.com
Appendix B
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1. Operational Items:
Auditor Ratification
Vote FOR proposals to ratify auditors, unless any of the following apply:
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An auditor has a financial interest in or association with the company, and is
therefore not independent;
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There is reason to believe that the independent auditor has rendered an opinion which
is neither accurate nor indicative of the companys financial position;
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Poor accounting practices are identified that rise to a serious level of concern, such
as: fraud; misapplication of GAAP; and material weaknesses identified in Section 404
disclosures; or
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Fees for non-audit services (Other fees) are
excessive.
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Non-audit fees are excessive if:
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Non-audit (other) fees exceed audit fees + audit-related fees + tax
compliance/preparation fees
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Vote CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder proposals asking companies to prohibit
or limit their auditors from engaging in non-audit services.
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder proposals asking for audit firm rotation, taking into account:
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The tenure of the audit firm;
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The length of rotation specified in the proposal;
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Any significant audit-related issues at the company;
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The number of Audit Committee meetings held each year;
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The number of financial experts serving on the committee; and
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Whether the company has a periodic renewal process where the auditor is evaluated for
both audit quality and competitive price.
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2. Board of Directors:
Voting on Director
1
Nominees in Uncontested Elections
Vote on director nominees should be determined on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD
2
from individual directors who:
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Attend less than 75 percent of the board and committee meetings without a valid excuse,
such as illness, service to the nation, work on behalf of the company, or funeral
obligations. If the company provides meaningful public or private disclosure explaining
the directors absences, evaluate the information on a CASE-BY-CASE basis taking into
account the following factors:
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1
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RiskMetrics classification of directors can be found in
U.S. Proxy Voting Guidelines
Summary
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In general, companies with a plurality vote standard use Withhold as the valid
opposition vote option in director elections; companies with a majority vote standard use
Against. However, it will vary by company and the proxy must be checked to determine the valid
opposition vote for the particular company.
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Degree to which absences were due to an unavoidable conflict;
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Pattern of absenteeism; and
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Other extraordinary circumstances underlying the directors absence;
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Sit on more than six public company boards;
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Are CEOs of public companies who sit on the boards of more than two public companies
besides their own withhold only at their outside boards.
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Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from all nominees of the board of directors, (except from new nominees,
who should be considered on a CASE-BY-CASE basis) if:
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The companys proxy indicates that not all directors attended 75% of the aggregate of
their board and committee meetings, but fails to provide the required disclosure of the
names of the directors involved. If this information cannot be obtained, vote
against/withhold from all incumbent directors;
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The companys poison pill has a dead-hand or modified dead-hand feature. Vote
against/withhold every year until this feature is removed;
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The board adopts or renews a poison pill without shareholder approval, does not commit
to putting it to shareholder vote within 12 months of adoption (or in the case of an newly
public company, does not commit to put the pill to a shareholder vote within 12 months
following the IPO), or reneges on a commitment to put the pill to a vote, and has not yet
received a withhold/against recommendation for this issue;
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The board failed to act on a shareholder proposal that received approval by a majority
of the shares outstanding the previous year (a management proposal with other than a FOR
recommendation by management will not be considered as sufficient action taken);
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The board failed to act on a shareholder proposal that received approval of the
majority of shares cast for the previous two consecutive years (a management proposal with
other than a FOR recommendation by management will not be considered as sufficient action
taken);
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The board failed to act on takeover offers where the majority of the shareholders
tendered their shares;
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At the previous board election, any director received more than 50 percent
withhold/against votes of the shares cast and the company has failed to address the
underlying issue(s) that caused the high withhold/against vote;
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The board is classified, and a continuing director responsible for a problematic
governance issue at the board/committee level that would warrant a withhold/against vote
recommendation is not up for election- any or all appropriate nominees (except new) may be
held accountable;
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The board lacks accountability and oversight, coupled with sustained poor performance
relative to peers. Sustained poor performance is measured by one- and three-year total
shareholder returns in the bottom half of a companys four-digit GICS industry group
(Russell 3000 companies only).
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Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from Inside Directors and Affiliated Outside Directors (per the
Classification of Directors below) when:
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The inside or affiliated outside director serves on any of the three key committees:
audit, compensation, or nominating;
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The company lacks an audit, compensation, or nominating committee so that the full
board functions as that committee;
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The company lacks a formal nominating committee, even if board attests that the
independent directors fulfill the functions of such a committee;
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The full board is less than majority independent.
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Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from the members of the Audit Committee if:
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The non-audit fees paid to the auditor are excessive;
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The company receives an adverse opinion on the companys financial statements from its
auditor; or
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There is persuasive evidence that the audit committee entered into an inappropriate
indemnification agreement with its auditor that limits the ability of the company, or its
shareholders, to pursue legitimate legal recourse against the audit firm.
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Vote CASE-by-CASE on members of the Audit Committee and/or the full board if poor accounting
practices, which rise to a level of serious concern are indentified, such as: fraud; misapplication
of GAAP; and material weaknesses identified in Section 404 disclosures.
Examine the severity, breadth, chronological sequence and duration, as well as the companys
efforts at remediation or corrective actions in determining whether negative vote recommendations
are warranted against the members of the Audit Committee who are responsible for the poor
accounting practices, or the entire board.
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from the members of the Compensation Committee if:
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There is a negative correlation between the chief executives pay and company
performance (see discussion under Equity Compensation Plans);
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The company reprices underwater options for stock, cash or other consideration without
prior shareholder approval, even if allowed in their equity plan;
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The company fails to submit one-time transfers of stock options to a shareholder vote;
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The company fails to fulfill the terms of a burn rate commitment they made to shareholders;
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The company has backdated options (see Options Backdating policy);
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The company has poor compensation practices (see Poor Pay Practices policy). Poor pay practices
may warrant withholding votes from the CEO and potentially the entire board as well.
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from directors, individually or the entire board, for egregious actions or
failure to replace management as appropriate.
Independent Chair (Separate Chair/CEO)
Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals requiring that the chairmans position be filled by an
independent director, unless the company satisfies
all
of the following criteria:
The company maintains the following counterbalancing features:
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Designated lead director, elected by and from the independent board members with
clearly delineated and comprehensive duties. (The role may alternatively reside with a
presiding director, vice chairman, or rotating lead director; however the director must
serve a minimum of one year in order to qualify as a lead director.) The duties should
include, but are not limited to, the following:
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presides at all meetings of the board at
which the chairman is not present, including executive sessions of the independent
directors;
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serves as liaison between the chairman and the independent directors;
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approves information sent to the board;
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approves meeting agendas for the board;
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approves meeting schedules to assure that there is sufficient time for discussion of all
agenda items;
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has the authority to call meetings of the independent directors;
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if requested by major shareholders, ensures that he is available for consultation and
direct communication;
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Two-thirds independent board;
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All independent key committees;
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Established governance guidelines;
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A company in the Russell 3000 universe must not have exhibited sustained poor total
shareholder return (TSR) performance, defined as one- and three-year TSR in the
bottom half of the companys four-digit GICS industry group within the Russell 3000 only),
unless there has been a change in the Chairman/CEO position within that time;
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The company does not have any problematic governance or management issues, examples of
which include, but are not limited to:
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Egregious compensation practices;
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Multiple related-party transactions or other issues putting director independence at risk;
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Corporate and/or management scandals;
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Excessive problematic corporate governance provisions; or
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Flagrant board or management actions with potential or realized negative
impact on shareholders.
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Majority Vote Shareholder Proposals
Generally vote FOR precatory and binding resolutions requesting that the board change the companys
bylaws to stipulate that directors need to be elected with an affirmative majority of votes cast,
provided it does not conflict with the state law where the company is incorporated. Binding
resolutions need to allow for a carve-out for a plurality vote standard when there are more
nominees than board seats.
Companies are strongly encouraged to also adopt a post-election policy (also know as a director
resignation policy) that provides guidelines so that the company will promptly address the
situation of a holdover director.
Performance/Governance Evaluation for Directors
Vote WITHHOLD/AGAINST on all director nominees if the board lacks accountability and oversight,
coupled with sustained poor performance relative to peers, measured by one- and three-year total
shareholder returns in the bottom half of a companys four-digit GICS industry group (Russell 3000
companies only).
Evaluate board accountability and oversight at companies that demonstrate sustained poor
performance. Problematic provisions include but are not limited to:
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a classified board structure;
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a supermajority vote
requirement;
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majority vote standard for director elections with no carve out for contested
elections;
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the inability of shareholders to call special meetings;
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the inability of shareholders to act by written consent;
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a dual-class structure; and/or
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a non-shareholder approved poison pill.
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If a company exhibits sustained poor performance coupled with a lack of board accountability and
oversight, also take into consideration the companys five-year total shareholder return and
five-year operational metrics in the evaluation.
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3. Proxy Contests
Voting for Director Nominees in Contested Elections
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on the election of directors in contested elections, considering the following factors:
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Long-term financial performance of the target company relative to its industry;
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Managements track record;
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Background to the proxy contest;
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Qualifications of director nominees (both slates);
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Strategic plan of dissident slate and quality of critique against management;
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Likelihood that the proposed goals and objectives can be achieved (both slates);
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Stock ownership positions.
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Reimbursing Proxy Solicitation Expenses
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to reimburse proxy solicitation expenses. When voting in conjunction
with support of a dissident slate, vote FOR the reimbursement of all appropriate proxy solicitation
expenses associated with the election.
Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals calling for the reimbursement of reasonable costs incurred
in connection with nominating one or more candidates in a contested election where the following
apply:
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The election of fewer than 50% of the directors to be elected is contested in the election;
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One or more of the dissidents candidates is elected;
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Shareholders are not permitted to cumulate their votes for directors; and
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The election occurred, and the expenses were incurred, after the adoption of this bylaw.
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4. Antitakeover Defenses and Voting Related Issues
Advance Notice Requirements for Shareholder Proposals/Nominations
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on advance notice proposals, giving support to proposals that allow shareholders
to submit proposals/nominations reasonably close to the meeting date and within the broadest window
possible, recognizing the need to allow sufficient notice for company, regulatory and shareholder
review.
To be reasonable, the companys deadline for shareholder notice of a proposal/ nominations must not
be more than 60 days prior to the meeting, with a submittal window of at least 30 days prior to the
deadline.
In general, support additional efforts by companies to ensure full disclosure in regard to a
proponents economic and voting position in the company so long as the informational requirements
are reasonable and aimed at providing shareholders with the necessary information to review such
proposal.
Poison Pills
Vote FOR shareholder proposals requesting that the company submit its poison pill to a shareholder
vote or redeem it UNLESS the company has: (1) A shareholder approved poison pill in place; or (2)
The company has adopted a policy concerning the adoption of a pill in the future specifying that
the board will only adopt a shareholder rights plan if either:
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Shareholders have approved the adoption of the plan; or
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The board, in exercising its fiduciary responsibilities, determines that it is in the
best interest of shareholders under the circumstances to adopt a pill without the delay
that would result from seeking stockholder approval (i.e., the fiduciary out provision).
A poison pill adopted under this fiduciary out will be put to a shareholder ratification
vote within 12 months of adoption or expire. If the pill is not approved by a majority of
the votes cast on this issue, the plan will immediately terminate.
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Vote FOR shareholder proposals calling for poison pills to be put to a vote within a time period of
less than one year after adoption. If the company has no non-shareholder approved poison pill in
place and has adopted a policy with the provisions outlined above, vote AGAINST the proposal. If
these conditions are not met, vote FOR the proposal, but with the caveat that a vote within 12
months would be considered sufficient.
Vote CASE-by-CASE on management proposals on poison pill ratification, focusing on the features of
the shareholder rights plan. Rights plans should contain the following attributes:
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No lower than a 20% trigger, flip-in or flip-over;
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A term of no more than three years;
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No dead-hand, slow-hand, no-hand or similar feature that limits the ability of a future
board to redeem the pill;
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Shareholder redemption feature (qualifying offer clause); if the board refuses to
redeem the pill 90 days after a qualifying offer is announced, 10 percent of the shares
may call a special meeting or seek a written consent to vote on rescinding the pill.
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In addition, the rationale for adopting the pill should be thoroughly explained by the company. In
examining the request for the pill, take into consideration the companys existing governance
structure, including: board independence, existing takeover defenses, and any problematic
governance concerns.
For management proposals to adopt a poison pill for the stated purpose of preserving a companys
net operating losses (NOL pills), the following factors should be considered:
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the trigger (NOL pills generally have a trigger slightly below 5%);
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the value of the NOLs;
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the term;
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shareholder protection mechanisms (sunset provision, causing expiration of the pill
upon exhaustion or expiration of NOLs); and
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other factors that may be applicable.
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addition, vote WITHHOLD/AGAINST the entire board of directors, (except new nominees, who should be
considered on a CASE-by-CASE basis) if the board adopts or renews a poison pill without shareholder
approval, does not commit to putting it to a shareholder vote within 12 months of adoption (or in
the case of a newly public company, does not commit to put the pill to a shareholder vote within 12
months following the IPO), or reneges on a commitment to put the pill to a vote, and has not yet
received a withhold recommendation for this issue.
5. Mergers and Corporate Restructurings
Overall Approach
For mergers and acquisitions, review and evaluate the merits and drawbacks of the proposed
transaction, balancing various and sometimes countervailing factors including:
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Valuation
- Is the value to be received by the target shareholders (or paid by the
acquirer) reasonable? While the fairness opinion may provide an initial starting point for
assessing valuation reasonableness, emphasis is placed on the offer premium, market
reaction and strategic rationale.
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Market reaction
- How has the market responded to the proposed deal? A negative market
reaction should cause closer scrutiny of a deal.
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Strategic rationale
- Does the deal make sense strategically? From where is the value
derived? Cost and revenue synergies should not be overly aggressive or optimistic, but
reasonably achievable. Management should also have a favorable track record of successful integration of
historical acquisitions.
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Negotiations and process
- Were the terms of the transaction negotiated at
arms-length? Was the process fair and equitable? A fair process helps to ensure the best
price for shareholders. Significant negotiation wins can also signify the deal makers
competency. The comprehensiveness of the sales process (e.g., full auction, partial
auction, no auction) can also affect shareholder value.
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Conflicts of interest
- Are insiders benefiting from the transaction disproportionately
and inappropriately as compared to non-insider shareholders? As the result of potential
conflicts, the directors and officers of the company may be more likely to vote to approve
a merger than if they did not hold these interests. Consider whether these interests may
have influenced these directors and officers to support or recommend the merger. The
change-in-control figure presented in the RMG Transaction Summary section of this report
is an aggregate figure that can in certain cases be a misleading indicator of the true
value transfer from shareholders to insiders. Where such figure appears to be excessive,
analyze the underlying assumptions to determine whether a potential conflict exists.
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Governance
- Will the combined company have a better or worse governance profile than
the current governance profiles of the respective parties to the transaction? If the
governance profile is to change for the worse, the burden is on the company to prove that
other issues (such as valuation) outweigh any deterioration in governance.
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6. State of Incorporation
Reincorporation Proposals
Evaluate management or shareholder proposals to change a companys state of incorporation on a
CASE-BY-CASE basis, giving consideration to both financial and corporate governance concerns
including the following:
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Reasons for reincorporation;
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Comparison of companys governance practices and provisions prior to and following the
reincorporation; and
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Comparison of corporation laws of original state and destination state
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Vote FOR reincorporation when the economic factors outweigh any neutral or negative governance
changes.
7. Capital Structure
Common Stock Authorization
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for
issuance. Take into account company-specific factors which include, at a minimum, the following:
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Specific reasons/ rationale for the proposed increase;
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The dilutive impact of the request as determined through an allowable cap generated by
RiskMetrics quantitative model;
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The boards governance structure and practices; and
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Risks to shareholders of not approving the request.
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Vote FOR proposals to approve increases beyond the allowable cap when a companys shares are in
danger of being delisted or if a companys ability to continue to operate as a going concern is
uncertain.
Preferred Stock
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to increase the number of shares of preferred stock authorized for
issuance. Take into account company-specific factors which include, at a minimum, the following:
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Specific reasons/ rationale for the proposed increase;
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The dilutive impact of the request as determined through an allowable cap generated by
RiskMetrics quantitative model;
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The boards governance structure and practices; and
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Risks to shareholders of not approving the request.
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Vote AGAINST proposals authorizing the creation of new classes of preferred stock with unspecified
voting, conversion, dividend distribution, and other rights (blank check preferred stock).
Vote FOR proposals to create declawed blank check preferred stock (stock that cannot be used as a
takeover defense).
Vote FOR proposals to authorize preferred stock in cases where the company specifies the voting,
dividend, conversion, and other rights of such stock and the terms of the preferred stock appear
reasonable.
Vote AGAINST proposals to increase the number of blank check preferred stock authorized for
issuance when no shares have been issued or reserved for a specific purpose.
8. Executive and Director Compensation
Equity Compensation Plans
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on equity-based compensation plans. Vote AGAINST the equity plan if any of the
following factors apply:
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The total cost of the companys equity plans is unreasonable;
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The plan expressly permits the repricing of stock options/stock appreciation rights
(SARs) without prior shareholder approval;
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The CEO is a participant in the proposed equity-based compensation plan and there is a
disconnect between CEO pay and the companys performance where over 50 percent of the
year-over-year increase is attributed to equity awards;
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The companys three year burn rate exceeds the greater of 2% and the mean plus one
standard deviation of its industry group;
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The plan provides for the acceleration of vesting of equity awards even though an
actual change in control may not occur (e.g., upon shareholder approval of a transaction
or the announcement of a tender offer); or
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The plan is a vehicle for poor pay practices.
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Poor Pay Practices
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from compensation committee members, CEO, and potentially the entire
board, if the company has poor compensation practices. Vote AGAINST equity plans if the plan is a
vehicle for poor compensation practices.
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The following practices, while not exhaustive, are examples of poor compensation practices that may
warrant withhold vote recommendations:
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Egregious employment contracts Contracts containing multi-year guarantees for salary
increases, bonuses and equity compensation;
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Excessive perks/tax reimbursements:
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Overly generous perquisites, which may include, but are not limited
to the following: personal use of corporate aircraft, personal security system
maintenance and/or installation, car allowances;
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Reimbursement of income taxes on executive perquisites or other
payments;
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Perquisites for former executives, such as car allowances, personal
use of corporate aircraft or other inappropriate arrangements;
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Abnormally large bonus payouts without justifiable performance linkage or proper disclosure -
Performance metrics that are changed, canceled or replaced during the performance period
without adequate explanation of the action and the link to performance;
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Egregious pension/SERP (supplemental executive retirement plan) payouts:
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Inclusion of additional years of service not worked that result in significant payouts;
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Inclusion of performance-based equity awards in the pension calculation;
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New CEO with overly generous new hire package:
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Excessive make whole provisions;
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Any of the poor pay practices listed in this policy;
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Excessive severance and/or change in control provisions:
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Inclusion of excessive change in control or severance payments,
especially those with a multiple in excess of 3X cash pay;
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Payments upon an executives termination in connection with
performance failure;
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Change in control payouts without loss of job or substantial
diminution of job duties (single-triggered);
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New or materially amended employment or severance agreements that
provide for modified single triggers, under which an executive may voluntarily
leave for any reason and still receive the change-in-control severance package;
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Liberal change in control definition in individual contracts or
equity plans which could result in payments to executives without an actual change
in control occurring;
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New or materially amended employment or severance agreements that
provide for an excise tax gross-up. Modified gross-ups would be treated in the
same manner as full gross-ups;
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Perquisites for former executives such as car allowances, personal
use of corporate aircraft or other inappropriate arrangements;
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Dividends or dividend equivalents paid on unvested performance shares or units;
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Poor disclosure practices:
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Unclear explanation of how the CEO is involved in the pay setting process;
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Retrospective performance targets and methodology not discussed;
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Methodology for benchmarking practices and/or peer group not disclosed and explained;
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Internal Pay Disparity:
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Excessive differential between CEO total pay and that of next highest paid
named executive officer (NEO);
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Options backdating (covered in a separate policy);
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Other excessive compensation payouts or poor pay practices at the company.
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Other Compensation Proposals and Policies
Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation (Say-on-Pay) Management Proposals
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on management proposals for an advisory vote on executive compensation. Vote
AGAINST these resolutions in cases where boards have failed to demonstrate good stewardship of
investors interests regarding executive compensation practices.
For U.S. companies, consider the following factors in the context of each companys specific
circumstances and the boards disclosed rationale for its practices:
Relative Considerations:
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Assessment of performance metrics relative to business strategy, as discussed and
explained in the CD&A;
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Evaluation of peer groups used to set target pay or award opportunities;
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Alignment of company performance and executive pay trends over time (e.g., performance
down: pay down);
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Assessment of disparity between total pay of the CEO and other Named Executive Officers
(NEOs).
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Design Considerations:
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Balance of fixed versus performance-driven pay;
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Assessment of excessive practices with respect to perks, severance packages,
supplemental executive pension plans, and burn rates.
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Communication Considerations:
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Evaluation of information and board rationale provided in CD&A about how compensation
is determined (e.g., why certain elements and pay targets are used, and specific incentive
plan goals, especially retrospective goals);
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Assessment of boards responsiveness to investor input and engagement on compensation
issues (e.g., in responding to majority-supported shareholder proposals on executive pay
topics).
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Employee Stock Purchase Plans Non-Qualified Plans
Vote CASE-by-CASE on nonqualified employee stock purchase plans. Vote FOR nonqualified employee
stock purchase plans with all the following features:
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Broad-based participation (i.e., all employees of the company with the exclusion of
individuals with 5 percent or more of beneficial ownership of the company);
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Limits on employee contribution, which may be a fixed dollar amount or expressed as a
percent of base salary;
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Company matching contribution up to 25 percent of employees contribution, which is
effectively a discount of 20 percent from market value;
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No discount on the stock price on the date of purchase since there is a company
matching contribution.
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Vote AGAINST nonqualified employee stock purchase plans when any of the plan
features do not meet the above criteria. If the company matching contribution exceeds 25 percent of
employees contribution, evaluate the cost of the plan against its allowable cap.
Option Exchange Programs/Repricing Options
Vote CASE-by-CASE on management proposals seeking approval to exchange/reprice options, taking into
consideration:
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Historic trading patternsthe stock price should not be so volatile that the options
are likely to be back in-the-money over the near term;
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Rationale for the re-pricingwas the stock price decline beyond managements control?
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Is this a value-for-value exchange?
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Are surrendered stock options added back to the plan reserve?
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Option vestingdoes the new option vest immediately or is there a black-out period?
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Term of the optionthe term should remain the same as that of the replaced option;
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Exercise priceshould be set at fair market or a premium to market;
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Participantsexecutive officers and directors should be excluded.
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If the surrendered options are added back to the equity plans for re-issuance, then also take into
consideration the companys total cost of equity plans and its three-year average burn rate.
In addition to the above considerations, evaluate the intent, rationale, and timing of the
repricing proposal. The proposal should clearly articulate why the board is choosing to conduct an
exchange program at this point in time. Repricing underwater options after a recent precipitous
drop in the companys stock price demonstrates poor timing. Repricing after a recent decline in
stock price triggers additional scrutiny and a potential AGAINST vote on the
proposal. At a minimum, the decline should not have happened within the past year. Also, consider
the terms of the surrendered options, such as the grant date, exercise price and vesting schedule.
Grant dates of surrendered options should be far enough back (two to three years) so as not to
suggest that repricings are being done to take advantage of short-term downward price movements.
Similarly, the exercise price of surrendered options should be above the 52-week high for the stock
price.
Vote FOR shareholder proposals to put option repricings to a shareholder vote.
Other Shareholder Proposals on Compensation
Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation (Say-on-Pay)
Generally, vote FOR shareholder proposals that call for non-binding shareholder ratification of the
compensation of the Named Executive Officers and the accompanying narrative disclosure of material
factors provided to understand the Summary Compensation Table.
Golden Coffins/Executive Death Benefits
Generally vote FOR proposals calling on companies to adopt a policy of obtaining shareholder
approval for any future agreements and corporate policies that could oblige the company to make
payments or awards following the death of a senior executive in the form of unearned salary or
bonuses, accelerated vesting or the
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continuation in force of unvested equity grants, perquisites and other payments or awards made in
lieu of compensation. This would not apply to any benefit programs or equity plan proposals for
which the broad-based employee population is eligible.
Share Buyback Holding Periods
Generally vote AGAINST shareholder proposals prohibiting executives from selling shares of company
stock during periods in which the company has announced that it may or will be repurchasing shares
of its stock. Vote FOR the proposal when there is a pattern of abuse by executives exercising
options or selling shares during periods of share buybacks.
Stock Ownership or Holding Period Guidelines
Generally vote AGAINST shareholder proposals that mandate a minimum amount of stock that directors
must own in order to qualify as a director or to remain on the board. While RMG favors stock
ownership on the part of directors, the company should determine the appropriate ownership
requirement.
Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder proposals asking companies to adopt policies requiring Named
Executive Officers to retain 75% of the shares acquired through compensation plans while employed
and/or for two years following the termination of their employment, and to report to shareholders
regarding this policy. The following factors will be taken into account:
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Whether the company has any holding period, retention ratio, or officer ownership
requirements in place. These should consist of:
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Rigorous stock ownership guidelines, or
|
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A holding period requirement coupled with a significant long-term ownership
requirement, or
|
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A meaningful retention ratio,
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Actual officer stock ownership and the degree to which it meets or exceeds the
proponents suggested holding period/retention ratio or the companys own stock ownership
or retention requirements.
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Problematic pay practices, current and past, which may promote a short-term versus a
long-term focus.
|
Tax Gross-Up Proposals
Generally vote FOR proposals asking companies to adopt a policy of not providing tax gross-up
payments to executives, except where gross-ups are provided pursuant to a plan, policy, or
arrangement applicable to management employees of the company, such as a relocation or expatriate
tax equalization policy.
9. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Issues
Overall Approach
When evaluating social and environmental shareholder proposals, RMG considers the following
factors:
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Whether adoption of the proposal is likely to enhance or protect shareholder value;
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Whether the information requested concerns business issues that relate to a meaningful
percentage of the companys business as measured by sales, assets, and earnings;
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The degree to which the companys stated position on the issues raised in the proposal
could affect its reputation or sales, or leave it vulnerable to a boycott or selective
purchasing;
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Whether the issues presented are more appropriately/effectively dealt with through
governmental or company-specific action;
|
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Whether the company has already responded in some appropriate manner to the request
embodied in the proposal;
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Whether the companys analysis and voting recommendation to shareholders are persuasive;
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What other companies have done in response to the issue addressed in the proposal;
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Whether the proposal itself is well framed and the cost of preparing the report is reasonable;
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Whether implementation of the proposals request would achieve the proposals objectives;
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Whether the subject of the proposal is best left to the discretion of the board;
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Whether the requested information is available to shareholders either from the company
or from a publicly available source; and
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Whether providing this information would reveal proprietary or confidential information
that would place the company at a competitive disadvantage.
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Genetically Modified Ingredients
Generally vote AGAINST proposals asking suppliers, genetic research companies, restaurants and food
retail companies to voluntarily label genetically engineered (GE) ingredients in their products
and/or eliminate GE ingredients. The cost of labeling and/or phasing out the use of GE ingredients
may not be commensurate with the benefits to shareholders and is an issue better left to
regulators.
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals asking for a report on the feasibility of labeling products
containing GE ingredients taking into account:
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The companys business and the proportion of it affected by the resolution;
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The quality of the companys disclosure on GE product labeling, related voluntary
initiatives, and how this disclosure compares with industry peer disclosure; and
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Companys current disclosure on the feasibility of GE product labeling, including
information on the related costs.
|
Generally vote AGAINST proposals seeking a report on the social, health, and environmental effects
of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Studies of this sort are better undertaken by regulators
and the scientific community.
Generally vote AGAINST proposals to completely phase out GE ingredients from the companys products
or proposals asking for reports outlining the steps necessary to eliminate GE ingredients from the
companys products. Such resolutions presuppose that there are proven health risks to GE
ingredients (an issue better left to regulators) that may outweigh the economic benefits derived
from biotechnology.
Pharmaceutical Pricing, Access to Medicines, and Product Reimportation
Generally vote AGAINST proposals requesting that companies implement specific price restraints on
pharmaceutical products unless the company fails to adhere to legislative guidelines or industry
norms in its product pricing.
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals requesting that the company report on their product pricing policies
or their access to medicine policies, considering:
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The nature of the companys business and the potential for reputational and market risk
exposure;
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The existing disclosure of relevant policies;
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Deviation from established industry norms;
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The companys existing, relevant initiatives to provide research and/or products to
disadvantaged consumers;
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Whether the proposal focuses on specific products or geographic regions; and
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The potential cost and scope of the requested report.
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Generally vote FOR proposals requesting that companies report on the financial and legal impact of
their prescription drug reimportation policies unless such information is already publicly
disclosed.
Generally vote AGAINST proposals requesting that companies adopt specific policies to encourage or
constrain prescription drug reimportation. Such matters are more appropriately the province of
legislative activity and may place the company at a competitive disadvantage relative to its peers.
Gender Identity, Sexual Orientation, and Domestic Partner Benefits
Generally vote FOR proposals seeking to amend a companys EEO statement or diversity policies to
prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation and/or gender identity, unless the change would
result in excessive costs for the company.
Generally vote AGAINST proposals to extend company benefits to, or eliminate benefits from domestic
partners. Decisions regarding benefits should be left to the discretion of the company.
Climate Change
Generally vote FOR resolutions requesting that a company disclose information on the impact of
climate change on the companys operations and investments considering whether:
|
|
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The company already provides current, publicly-available information on the impacts
that climate change may have on the company as well as associated company policies and
procedures to address related risks and/or opportunities;
|
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The companys level of disclosure is at least comparable to that of industry peers; and
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There are no significant, controversies, fines, penalties, or litigation associated
with the companys environmental performance.
|
Lobbying Expenditures/Initiatives
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals requesting information on a companys lobbying initiatives,
considering:
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Significant controversies, fines, or litigation surrounding a companys public policy activities,
|
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The companys current level of disclosure on lobbying strategy, and
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The impact that the policy issue may have on the companys business operations.
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Political Contributions and Trade Association Spending
Generally vote AGAINST proposals asking the company to affirm political nonpartisanship in the
workplace so long as:
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There are no recent, significant controversies, fines or litigation regarding the
companys political contributions or trade association spending; and
|
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The company has procedures in place to ensure that employee contributions to
company-sponsored political action committees (PACs) are strictly voluntary and prohibits
coercion.
|
Vote AGAINST proposals to publish in newspapers and public media the companys political
contributions. Such publications could present significant cost to the company without providing
commensurate value to shareholders.
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to improve the disclosure of a companys political contributions and
trade association spending, considering:
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Recent significant controversy or litigation related to the companys political
contributions or governmental affairs; and
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The public availability of a company policy on political contributions and trade
association spending including information on the types of organizations supported, the
business rationale for supporting these organizations, and the oversight and compliance
procedures related to such expenditures of corporate assets.
|
Vote AGAINST proposals barring the company from making political contributions. Businesses are
affected by legislation at the federal, state, and local level and barring political contributions
can put the company at a competitive disadvantage.
Vote AGAINST proposals asking for a list of company executives, directors, consultants, legal
counsels, lobbyists, or investment bankers that have prior government service and whether such
service had a bearing on the business of the company. Such a list would be burdensome to prepare
without providing any meaningful information to shareholders.
Labor and Human Rights Standards
Generally vote FOR proposals requesting a report on company or company supplier labor and/or human
rights standards and policies unless such information is already publicly disclosed.
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to implement company or company supplier labor and/or human rights
standards and policies, considering:
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|
|
The degree to which existing relevant policies and practices are disclosed;
|
|
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|
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Whether or not existing relevant policies are consistent with internationally
recognized standards;
|
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Whether company facilities and those of its suppliers are monitored and how;
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Company participation in fair labor organizations or other internationally recognized
human rights initiatives;
|
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Scope and nature of business conducted in markets known to have higher risk of
workplace labor/human rights abuse;
|
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Recent, significant company controversies, fines, or litigation regarding human rights
at the company or its suppliers;
|
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The scope of the request; and
|
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Deviation from industry sector peer company standards and practices.
|
Sustainability Reporting
Generally vote FOR proposals requesting the company to report on its policies, initiatives, and
oversight mechanisms related to social, economic, and environmental sustainability, unless:
|
|
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The company already discloses similar information through existing reports or policies
such as an Environment, Health, and Safety (EHS) report; a comprehensive Code of Corporate
Conduct; and/or a Diversity Report; or
|
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The company has formally committed to the implementation of a reporting program based
on Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) guidelines or a similar standard within a specified
time frame
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2009 RiskMetrics Group U.S. Proxy Voting Guidelines Concise Summary
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Appendix B
2009 International Proxy Voting Guidelines Summary
January 15, 2009
Copyright © 2009 by RiskMetrics Group.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Requests for permission to make
copies of any part of this work should be sent to: RiskMetrics Group Marketing Department, One
Chase Manhattan Plaza, 44th Floor, New York, NY 10005. RiskMetrics Group is a trademark used herein
under license.
Risk Management | RiskMetrics Labs | ISS Governance Services | Financial Research & Analysis
www.riskmetrics.com
Appendix B
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RiskMetrics
2009 International Proxy Voting Guidelines Summary
Effective for Meetings on or after Feb. 1, 2009
Updated Jan. 15, 2009
The following is a condensed version of the general policies for voting non-U.S. proxies contained
in the RiskMetrics (RMG) Proxy Voting Manual. In addition, RMG has country- and market-specific
policies, which are not captured below.
Table of Contents
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1. Operational Items
Financial Results/Director and Auditor Reports
Vote FOR approval of financial statements and director and auditor reports, unless:
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There are concerns about the accounts presented or audit procedures used; or
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The company is not responsive to shareholder questions about specific items that should
be publicly disclosed.
|
Appointment of Auditors and Auditor Fees
Vote FOR the reelection of auditors and proposals authorizing the board to fix auditor fees,
unless:
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There are serious concerns about the accounts presented or the audit procedures used;
|
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The auditors are being changed without explanation; or
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Non-audit-related fees are substantial or are routinely in excess of standard annual
audit-related fees.
|
Vote AGAINST the appointment of external auditors if they have previously
served the company in an executive capacity or can otherwise be considered affiliated with the
company.
Appointment of Internal Statutory Auditors
Vote FOR the appointment or reelection of statutory auditors, unless:
|
|
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There are serious concerns about the statutory reports presented or the audit procedures used;
|
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Questions exist concerning any of the statutory auditors being appointed; or
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The auditors have previously served the company in an executive capacity or can
otherwise be considered affiliated with the company.
|
Allocation of Income
Vote FOR approval of the allocation of income, unless:
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|
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The dividend payout ratio has been consistently below 30 percent without adequate
explanation; or
|
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The payout is excessive given the companys financial position.
|
Stock (Scrip) Dividend Alternative
Vote FOR most stock (scrip) dividend proposals.
Vote AGAINST proposals that do not allow for a cash option unless management demonstrates that the
cash option is harmful to shareholder value.
Amendments to Articles of Association
Vote amendments to the articles of association on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
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Change in Company Fiscal Term
Vote FOR resolutions to change a companys fiscal term unless a companys motivation for the change
is to postpone its AGM.
Lower Disclosure Threshold for Stock Ownership
Vote AGAINST resolutions to lower the stock ownership disclosure threshold below 5 percent unless
specific reasons exist to implement a lower threshold.
Amend Quorum Requirements
Vote proposals to amend quorum requirements for shareholder meetings on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Transact Other Business
Vote AGAINST other business when it appears as a voting item.
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2. Board of Directors
Director Elections
Vote FOR management nominees in the election of directors, unless:
|
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Adequate disclosure has not been provided in a timely manner;
|
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There are clear concerns over questionable finances or restatements;
|
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There have been questionable transactions with conflicts of interest;
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There are any records of abuses against minority shareholder interests; or
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The board fails to meet minimum corporate governance standards.
|
Vote FOR individual nominees unless there are specific concerns about the individual, such as
criminal wrongdoing or breach of fiduciary responsibilities.
Vote AGAINST individual directors if repeated absences at board meetings have not been explained
(in countries where this information is disclosed).
Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis for contested elections of directors, e.g. the election of shareholder
nominees or the dismissal of incumbent directors, determining which directors are best suited to
add value for shareholders.
Vote FOR employee and/or labor representatives if they sit on either the audit or compensation
committee
and
are required by law to be on those committees. Vote AGAINST employee and/or labor
representatives if they sit on either the audit or compensation committee, if they are not required
to be on those committees.
[Please see the International Classification of Directors on the following page.]
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Appendix B
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RiskMetrics
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www.riskmetrics.com
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RMG Classification of Directors International Policy 2009
Executive Director
Employee or executive of the company;
Any director who is classified as a non-executive, but receives salary, fees, bonus, and/or
other benefits that are in line with the highest-paid executives of the company.
Non-Independent Non-Executive Director (NED)
Any director who is attested by the board to be a non-independent NED;
Any director specifically designated as a representative of a significant shareholder of the
company;
Any director who is also an employee or executive of a significant shareholder of the
company;
Beneficial owner (direct or indirect) of at least 10% of the companys stock, either
in economic terms or in voting rights (this may be aggregated if voting power is distributed
among more than one member of a defined group, e.g., family members who beneficially own less
than 10% individually, but collectively own more than 10%), unless market best practice dictates
a lower ownership and/or disclosure threshold (and in other special market-specific
circumstances);
Government representative;
Currently provides (or a relative
[1]
provides) professional services
[2]
to the company, to an affiliate of the company, or
to an individual officer of the company or of one of its affiliates in excess of $10,000 per
year;
Represents customer, supplier, creditor, banker, or other entity with which company
maintains transactional/commercial relationship (unless company discloses information to apply a
materiality test
[3]
);
Any director who has conflicting or cross-directorships with
executive directors or the chairman of the company;
Relative
[1]
of a current
employee of the company or its affiliates;
Relative
[1]
of a former executive of the
company or its affiliates;
A new appointee elected other than by a formal process through the
General Meeting (such as a contractual appointment by a substantial shareholder);
Founder/co-founder/member of founding family but not currently an employee;
Former executive (5 year cooling off period);
Years of service is generally not a determining factor unless it is
recommended best practice in a market and/or in extreme circumstances, in which case it may be
considered.
[4]
Independent NED
No material
[5]
connection, either directly or indirectly, to the company other than
a board seat.
Employee Representative
Represents employees or employee shareholders of the company (classified as employee
representative but considered a non-independent NED).
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Footnotes:
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[1]
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Relative follows the U.S. SECs definition of immediate family members which
covers spouses, parents, children, stepparents, step-children, siblings, in-laws, and any person
(other than a tenant or employee) sharing the household of any director, nominee for director,
executive officer, or significant shareholder of the company.
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[2]
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Professional services can be characterized as advisory in nature and generally
include the following: investment banking/financial advisory services; commercial banking (beyond
deposit services); investment services; insurance services; accounting/audit services; consulting
services; marketing services; and legal services. The case of participation in a banking syndicate
by a non-lead bank should be considered a transaction (and hence subject to the associated
materiality test) rather than a professional relationship.
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[3]
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If the company makes or receives annual payments exceeding the greater of $200,000
or five percent of the recipients gross revenues (the recipient is the party receiving the
financial proceeds from the transaction).
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[4]
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For example, in continental Europe, directors with a tenure exceeding 12 years will
be considered non-independent. In the United Kingdom and Ireland, directors with a tenure exceeding
nine years will be considered non-independent, unless the company provides sufficient and clear
justification that the director is independent despite his long tenure.
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[5]
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For purposes of RMG director independence classification, material will be defined
as a standard of relationship
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financial, personal or otherwise) that a reasonable person might conclude could potentially
influence ones objectivity in the boardroom in a manner that would have a meaningful impact on an
individuals ability to satisfy requisite fiduciary standards on behalf of shareholders.
Discharge of Directors
Generally vote FOR the discharge of directors, including members of the management board and/or
supervisory board,
unless
there is reliable information about significant and compelling
controversies that the board is not fulfilling its fiduciary duties warranted by:
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A lack of oversight or actions by board members which invoke shareholder distrust
related to malfeasance or poor supervision, such as operating in private or company
interest rather than in shareholder interest; or
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Any legal issues (e.g. civil/criminal) aiming to hold the board responsible for breach
of trust in the past or related to currently alleged actions yet to be confirmed (and not
only the fiscal year in question), such as price fixing, insider trading, bribery, fraud,
and other illegal actions; or
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Other egregious governance issues where shareholders will bring legal action against
the company or its directors.
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For markets which do not routinely request discharge resolutions (e.g. common law countries or
markets where discharge is not mandatory), analysts may voice concern in other appropriate agenda
items, such as approval of the annual accounts or other relevant resolutions, to enable
shareholders to express discontent with the board.
Director Compensation
Vote FOR proposals to award cash fees to non-executive directors unless the amounts are excessive
relative to other companies in the country or industry.
Vote non-executive director compensation proposals that include both cash and share-based
components on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Vote proposals that bundle compensation for both non-executive and executive directors into a
single resolution on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Vote AGAINST proposals to introduce retirement benefits for non-executive directors.
Director, Officer, and Auditor Indemnification and Liability Provisions
Vote proposals seeking indemnification and liability protection for directors and officers on a
CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Vote AGAINST proposals to indemnify auditors.
Board Structure
Vote FOR proposals to fix board size.
Vote AGAINST the introduction of classified boards and mandatory retirement ages for directors.
Vote AGAINST proposals to alter board structure or size in the context of a fight for control of
the company or the board.
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2009 International Proxy Voting Guidelines Summary
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Appendix B
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RiskMetrics
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www.riskmetrics.com
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3. Capital Structure
Share Issuance Requests
General Issuances:
Vote FOR issuance requests with preemptive rights to a maximum of 100 percent over currently issued
capital.
Vote FOR issuance requests without preemptive rights to a maximum of 20 percent of
currently issued capital.
Specific Issuances:
Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis on all requests, with or without preemptive rights.
Increases in Authorized Capital
Vote FOR non-specific proposals to increase authorized capital up to 100 percent over the current
authorization unless the increase would leave the company with less than 30 percent of its new
authorization outstanding.
Vote FOR specific proposals to increase authorized capital to any
amount, unless:
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The specific purpose of the increase (such as a share-based acquisition or merger) does
not meet RMG guidelines for the purpose being proposed; or
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The increase would leave the company with less than 30 percent of its new authorization
outstanding after adjusting for all proposed issuances.
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Vote AGAINST proposals to adopt unlimited capital authorizations.
Reduction of Capital
Vote FOR proposals to reduce capital for routine accounting purposes unless the terms are
unfavorable to shareholders.
Vote proposals to reduce capital in connection with corporate restructuring on a CASE-BY-CASE
basis.
Capital Structures
Vote FOR resolutions that seek to maintain or convert to a one-share, one-vote capital structure.
Vote AGAINST requests for the creation or continuation of dual-class capital structures or the
creation of new or additional supervoting shares.
Preferred Stock
Vote FOR the creation of a new class of preferred stock or for issuances of preferred stock up to
50 percent of issued capital unless the terms of the preferred stock would adversely affect the
rights of existing shareholders.
Vote FOR the creation/issuance of convertible preferred stock as long as the maximum number of
common shares that could be issued upon conversion meets RMG guidelines on equity issuance
requests.
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Vote AGAINST the creation of a new class of preference shares that would carry superior voting
rights to the common shares.
Vote AGAINST the creation of blank check preferred stock unless the board clearly states that the
authorization will not be used to thwart a takeover bid.
Vote proposals to increase blank check preferred authorizations on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Debt Issuance Requests
Vote non-convertible debt issuance requests on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, with or without preemptive
rights.
Vote FOR the creation/issuance of convertible debt instruments as long as the maximum
number of common shares that could be issued upon conversion meets RMG guidelines on equity
issuance requests.
Vote FOR proposals to restructure existing debt arrangements unless the terms of the restructuring
would adversely affect the rights of shareholders.
Pledging of Assets for Debt
Vote proposals to approve the pledging of assets for debt on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Increase in Borrowing Powers
Vote proposals to approve increases in a companys borrowing powers on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Share Repurchase Plans
Generally vote FOR share repurchase programs/market repurchase authorities,
provided that
the
proposal meets the following parameters:
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Maximum volume: 10 percent for market repurchase within any single authority and 10
percent of outstanding shares to be kept in treasury (on the shelf);
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Duration does not exceed 18 months.
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For markets that either generally do not specify the maximum duration of the authority or seek a
duration beyond 18 months that is allowable under market specific legislation, RMG will assess the
companys historic practice. If there is evidence that a company has sought shareholder approval
for the authority to repurchase shares on an annual basis, RMG will support the proposed authority.
In addition, vote AGAINST any proposal where:
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The repurchase can be used for takeover defenses;
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There is clear evidence of abuse;
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There is no safeguard against selective buybacks;
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Pricing provisions and safeguards are deemed to be unreasonable in light of market practice.
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RMG may support share repurchase plans in excess of 10 percent volume under exceptional
circumstances, such as one-off company specific events (e.g. capital re-structuring). Such
proposals will be assessed case-by-case
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based on merits, which should be clearly disclosed in the annual report, provided that following
conditions are met:
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The overall balance of the proposed plan seems to be clearly in shareholders interests;
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The plan still respects the 10 percent maximum of shares to be kept in treasury.
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Reissuance of Repurchased Shares
Vote FOR requests to reissue any repurchased shares unless there is clear evidence of abuse of this
authority in the past.
Capitalization of Reserves for Bonus Issues/Increase in Par Value
Vote FOR requests to capitalize reserves for bonus issues of shares or to increase par value.
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Appendix B
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RiskMetrics
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4. Other
Reorganizations/Restructurings
Vote reorganizations and restructurings on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Mergers and Acquisitions
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on mergers and acquisitions taking into account the following:
For every M&A analysis, RMG reviews publicly available information as of the date of the report and
evaluates the merits and drawbacks of the proposed transaction, balancing various and sometimes
countervailing factors including:
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Valuation Is the value to be received by the target shareholders (or paid by the
acquirer) reasonable? While the fairness opinion may provide an initial starting point for
assessing valuation reasonableness, RMG places emphasis on the offer premium, market
reaction, and strategic rationale.
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Market reaction How has the market responded to the proposed deal? A negative market
reaction will cause RMG to scrutinize a deal more closely.
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Strategic rationale Does the deal make sense strategically? From where is the value
derived? Cost and revenue synergies should not be overly aggressive or optimistic, but
reasonably achievable. Management should also have a favorable track record of successful integration of
historical acquisitions.
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Conflicts of interest Are insiders benefiting from the transaction disproportionately
and inappropriately as compared to non-insider shareholders? RMG will consider whether any
special interests may have influenced these directors and officers to support or recommend
the merger.
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Governance Will the combined company have a better or worse governance profile than
the current governance profiles of the respective parties to the transaction? If the
governance profile is to change for the worse, the burden is on the company to prove that
other issues (such as valuation) outweigh any deterioration in governance.
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Vote AGAINST if the companies do not provide sufficient information upon request to make an
informed voting decision.
Mandatory Takeover Bid Waivers
Vote proposals to waive mandatory takeover bid requirements on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Reincorporation Proposals
Vote reincorporation proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Expansion of Business Activities
Vote FOR resolutions to expand business activities unless the new business takes the company into
risky areas.
Related-Party Transactions
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Appendix B
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RiskMetrics
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Vote related-party transactions on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Compensation Plans
Vote compensation plans on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Antitakeover Mechanisms
Generally vote AGAINST all antitakeover proposals, unless they are structured in such a way that
they give shareholders the ultimate decision on any proposal or offer.
Shareholder Proposals
Vote all shareholder proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Vote FOR proposals that would improve the companys corporate governance or business profile at a
reasonable cost.
Vote AGAINST proposals that limit the companys business activities or capabilities or result in
significant costs being incurred with little or no benefit.
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2009 International Proxy Voting Guidelines Summary
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Appendix B
US
Proxy Paper Policy Guidelines
An Overview of the Glass Lewis Approach to
Proxy Advice for U
.
S
.
companies for
2009
Appendix B
I
.
Election of Directors
Board of Directors
Boards are put in place to represent shareholders and protect their interests. Glass Lewis seeks
boards with a proven record of protecting shareholders and delivering value over the medium- and
long-term. We believe that boards working to protect and enhance the best interests of shareholders
are independent, have directors with diverse backgrounds, have a record of positive performance,
and have members with a breadth and depth of relevant experience.
Board Composition
We look at each individual on the board and examine his or her relationships with the company, the
companys executives and with other board members. The purpose of this inquiry is to determine
whether pre-existing personal, familial or financial relationships are likely to impact the
decisions of that board member.
We vote in favor of governance structures that will drive positive performance and enhance
shareholder value. The most crucial test of a boards commitment to the company and to its
shareholders is the performance of the board and its members. The performance of directors in
their capacity as board members and as executives of the company, when applicable, and in
their roles at other companies where they serve is critical to this evaluation.
We believe a director is independent if he or she has no material financial, familial or other
current relationships with the company, its executives or other board members except for service on
the board and standard fees paid for that service. Relationships that have existed within the five
years prior to the inquiry are usually considered to be current for purposes of this test.
In our view, a director is affiliated if he or she has a material financial, familial or other
relationship with the company or its executives, but is not an employee of the company. This
includes directors whose employers have a material financial relationship with the Company. This
also includes a director who owns or controls 25% or more of the companys voting stock.
2
Appendix B
We define an inside director as one who simultaneously serves as a director and as an employee of
the company. This category may include a chairman of the board who acts as an employee of the
company or is paid as an employee of the company.
Although we typically vote for the election of directors, we will recommend voting against
directors (or withholding where applicable, here and following) for the following reasons:
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A director who attends less than 75% of the board and
applicable committee meetings.
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A director who fails to file timely form(s) 4 or 5 (assessed on a
case-by-case basis).
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A director who is also the CEO of a company where a serious
restatement has occurred after the CEO certified the pre-restatement financial
statements.
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All board members who served at a time when a poison pill was
adopted without shareholder approval within the prior twelve months.
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We also feel that the following conflicts of interest may hinder a directors performance and will
therefore recommend voting against a:
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CFO who presently sits on the board.
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Director who presently sits on an excessive number of boards
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Director, or a director whose immediate family member, provides
material professional services to the company at any time during the past five
years.
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Director, or a director whose immediate family member, engages in
airplane, real estate or other similar deals, including perquisite type grants
from the company.
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Director with an interlocking directorship.
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Board Committee Composition
All key committees including audit, compensation, governance, and nominating committees should be
composed solely of independent directors and each committee should be focused on fulfilling its
specific duty to shareholders. We typically recommend that shareholders vote against any affiliated
or inside director seeking appointment to an audit, compensation, nominating or governance
committee or who has served in that capacity in the past year.
Review of the Compensation Discussion and Analysis Report
3
Appendix B
We review the CD&A in our evaluation of the overall compensation practices of a company, as
overseen by the compensation committee. In our evaluation of the CD&A, we examine, among other
factors, the extent to which the company has used performance goals in determining overall
compensation, how well the company has disclosed performance metrics and goals and the extent to
which the performance metrics, targets and goals are implemented to enhance company performance. We
would recommend voting against the chair of the compensation committee where the CD&A provides
insufficient or unclear information about performance metrics and goals, where the CD&A indicates
that pay is not tied to performance, or where the compensation committee or management has
excessive discretion to alter performance terms or increase amounts of awards in contravention of
previously defined targets.
Review of Risk Management Controls
We believe companies, particularly financial firms, should have a dedicated risk committee, or a
committee of the board charged with risk oversight, as well as a chief risk officer who reports
directly to that committee, not to the CEO or another executive. In cases where a company has
disclosed a sizable loss or writedown, and where a reasonable analysis indicates that the companys
board-level risk committee should be held accountable for poor oversight, we would recommend that
shareholders vote against such committee members on that basis. In addition, in cases where a
company maintains a significant level of financial risk exposure but fails to disclose any explicit
form of board-level risk oversight (committee or otherwise), we will consider recommending to vote
against the chairman of the board on that basis.
Separation of the roles of Chairman and CEO
Glass Lewis believes that separating the roles of corporate officers and the chairman of the board
is a better governance structure than a combined executive/chairman position. The role of
executives is to manage the business on the basis of the course charted by the board. Executives
should be in the position of reporting and answering to the board for their performance in
achieving the goals set out by such board. This becomes much more complicated when management
actually sits on, or chairs, the board.
We view an independent chairman as better able to oversee the executives of the company and set a
pro-shareholder agenda without the management conflicts that a CEO and other executive insiders
often face. This, in turn, leads to a more proactive and effective board of directors that is
looking out for the interests of shareholders above all else.
4
Appendix B
We do not recommend voting against CEOs who serve on or chair the board. However, we do support a
separation between the roles of chairman of the board and CEO, whenever that question is posed in a
proxy.
In the absence of an independent chairman, we support the appointment of a presiding or lead
director with authority to set the agenda for the meetings and to lead sessions outside the
presence of the insider chairman.
Majority Voting for the Election of Directors
Glass Lewis will generally support proposals calling for the election of directors by a majority
vote in place of plurality voting. If a majority vote standard were implemented, a nominee would
have to receive the support of a majority of the shares voted in order to assume the role of a
director. Thus, shareholders could collectively vote to reject a director they believe will not
pursue their best interests. We think that this minimal amount of protection for shareholders is
reasonable and will not upset the corporate structure nor reduce the willingness of qualified
shareholder-focused directors to serve in the future.
Classified Boards
Glass Lewis favors the repeal of staggered boards in favor of the annual election of directors. We
believe that staggered boards are less accountable to shareholders than annually elected boards.
Furthermore, we feel that the annual election of directors encourages board members to focus on
protecting the interests of shareholders.
Mutual Fund Boards
Mutual funds, or investment companies, are structured differently than regular public companies
(i.e., operating companies). Members of the funds adviser are typically on the board and
management takes on a different role than that of other public companies. As such, although many of
our guidelines remain the same, the following differences from the guidelines at operating
companies apply at mutual funds:
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1.
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We believe three-fourths of the boards of investment companies should be made up
of independent directors, a stricter standard than the two-thirds independence standard
we employ at operating companies.
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5
Appendix B
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2.
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We recommend voting against the chairman of the nominating committee at an investment
company if the chairman and CEO of a mutual fund is the same person and the fund does not
have an independent lead or presiding director.
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II
.
Financial Reporting
Auditor Ratification
We believe that role of the auditor is crucial in protecting shareholder value. In our view,
shareholders should demand the services of objective and well-qualified auditors at every company
in which they hold an interest. Like directors, auditors should be free from conflicts of interest
and should assiduously avoid situations that require them to make choices between their own
interests and the interests of the shareholders.
Glass Lewis generally supports managements recommendation regarding the selection of an auditor.
However, we recommend voting against the ratification of auditors for the following reasons:
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When audit fees added to audit-related fees total less than one-third
of total fees.
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When there have been any recent restatements or late filings by the
company where the auditor bears some responsibility for the restatement or late
filing (e.g., a restatement due to a reporting error).
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When the company has aggressive accounting policies.
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When the company has poor disclosure or lack of transparency in
financial statements.
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When there are other relationships or issues of concern with the
auditor that might suggest a conflict between the interest of the auditor and
the interests of shareholders.
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When the company is changing auditors as a result of a disagreement
between the company and the auditor on a matter of accounting principles or
practices, financial statement disclosure or auditing scope or procedures.
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Auditor Rotation
We typically support audit related proposals regarding mandatory auditor rotation when the proposal
uses a reasonable period of time (usually not less than 5-7 years).
Pension Accounting Issues
6
Appendix B
Proxy proposals sometimes raise the question as to whether pension accounting should have an effect
on the companys net income and therefore be reflected in the performance of the business for
purposes of calculating payments to executives. It is our view that pension credits should not be
included in measuring income used to award performance-based compensation. Many of the assumptions
used in accounting for retirement plans are subject to the discretion of a company, and management
would have an obvious conflict of interest if pay were tied to pension income.
III
.
Compensation
Equity Based Compensation Plans
Glass Lewis evaluates option and other equity-based compensation on a case-by-case basis. We
believe that equity compensation awards are a useful tool, when not abused, for retaining and
incentivizing employees to engage in conduct that will improve the performance of the company.
We evaluate option plans based on ten overarching principles:
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Companies should seek additional shares only when needed.
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The number of shares requested should be small enough that
companies need shareholder approval every three to four years (or more
frequently).
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If a plan is relatively expensive, it should not be granting
options solely to senior executives and board members.
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Annual net share count and voting power dilution should be limited.
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Annual cost of the plan (especially if not shown on the income
statement) should be reasonable as a percentage of financial results and in line
with the peer group.
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The expected annual cost of the plan should be proportional to the
value of the business.
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The intrinsic value received by option grantees in the past
should be reasonable compared with the financial results of the business.
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Plans should deliver value on a per-employee basis when compared
with programs at peer companies.
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Plans should not permit re-pricing of stock options.
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Option Exchanges
7
Appendix B
Option exchanges are reviewed on a case-by-case basis, although they are approached with great
skepticism. Repricing is tantamount to a re-trade. We will support a repricing only if the
following conditions are true:
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Officers and board members do not participate in the program.
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The stock decline mirrors the market or industry price decline in
terms of timing and approximates the decline in magnitude.
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The exchange is value neutral or value creative to shareholders
with very conservative assumptions and a recognition of the adverse selection
problems inherent in voluntary programs.
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Management and the board make a cogent case for needing to
incentivize and retain existing employees, such as being in a competitive
employment market.
|
Performance Based Options
We generally recommend that shareholders vote in favor of performance-based option requirements. We
feel that executives should be compensated with equity when their performance and that of the
company warrants such rewards. We believe that boards can develop a consistent, reliable approach,
as boards of many companies have, that would attract executives who believe in their ability to
guide the company to achieve its targets.
Linking Pay with Performance
Executive compensation should be linked directly with the performance of the business the executive
is charged with managing. Glass Lewis grades companies on an A to F scale based on our analysis of
executive compensation relative to performance and that of the companys peers and will recommend
voting against the election of compensation committee members at companies that receive a grade of
F.
Director Compensation Plans
Non-employee directors should receive compensation for the time and effort they spend serving on
the board and its committees. In particular, we support compensation plans that include
equity-based awards, which help to align the interests of outside directors with those of
shareholders. Director fees should be competitive in order to retain and attract qualified
individuals.
Advisory Votes on Compensation
8
Appendix B
We closely review companies compensation practices and disclosure as outlined in their CD&As and
other company filings to evaluate management-submitted advisory compensation vote proposals. In
evaluating these non-binding proposals, we examine how well the company has disclosed information
pertinent to its compensation programs, the extent to which overall compensation is tied to
performance, the performance metrics selected by the company and the levels of compensation in
comparison to company performance and that of its peers. Glass Lewis will generally recommend
voting in favor of shareholder proposals to allow shareholders an advisory vote on compensation.
Limits on Executive Compensation
Proposals to limit executive compensation will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis. As a general
rule, we believe that executive compensation should be left to the boards compensation committee.
We view the election of directors, and specifically those who sit on the compensation committee, as
the appropriate mechanism for shareholders to express their disapproval or support of board policy
on this issue.
Limits on Executive Stock Options
We favor the grant of options to executives. Options are a very important component of compensation
packages designed to attract and retain experienced executives and other key employees. Tying a
portion of an executives compensation to the performance of the company also provides an excellent
incentive to maximize share values by those in the best position to affect those values.
Accordingly, we typically vote against caps on executive stock options.
IV
.
Governance Structure
Anti-Takeover Measures
Poison Pills (Shareholder Rights Plans)
Glass Lewis believes that poison pill plans generally are not in the best interests of
shareholders. Specifically, they can reduce management accountability by substantially limiting
opportunities for corporate takeovers. Rights plans can thus prevent shareholders from receiving a
buy-out premium for their stock.
We believe that boards should be given wide latitude in directing the activities of the company and
charting the companys course. However, on an issue such as this where the link between the
financial interests of shareholders and their right to consider and
9
Appendix B
accept buyout offers is so substantial, we believe that shareholders should be allowed to vote on
whether or not they support such a plans implementation.
In certain limited circumstances, we will support a limited poison pill to accomplish a
particular objective, such as the closing of an important merger, or a pill that contains what
we believe to be a reasonable qualifying offer clause.
Right of Shareholders to Call a Special Meeting
We will vote in favor of proposals that allow shareholders to call special meetings. In order to
prevent abuse and waste of corporate resources by a very small minority of shareholders, we believe
that such rights should be limited to a minimum threshold of at least 15% of the shareholders
requesting such a meeting.
Shareholder Action by Written Consent
We will vote in favor of proposals that allow shareholders to act by written consent. In order to
prevent abuse and waste of corporate resources by a very small minority of shareholders, we believe
that such rights should be limited to a minimum threshold of at least 15% of the shareholders
requesting action by written consent.
Authorized Shares
Proposals to increase the number of authorized shares will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.
Adequate capital stock is important to the operation of a company. When analyzing a request for
additional shares, we typically review four common reasons why a company might need additional
capital stock beyond what is currently available:
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1.
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Stock split
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2.
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Shareholder defenses
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3.
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Financing for acquisitions
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4.
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Financing for operations
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Unless we find that the company has not disclosed a detailed plan for use of the proposed shares,
or where the number of shares far exceeds those needed to accomplish a detailed plan, we typically
recommend in favor of the authorization of additional shares.
Voting Structure
10
Appendix B
Cumulative Voting
Glass Lewis will vote for proposals seeking to allow cumulative voting. Cumulative voting is a
voting process that maximizes the ability of minority shareholders to ensure representation of
their views on the board. Cumulative voting generally operates as a safeguard for by ensuring that
those who hold a significant minority of shares are able to elect a candidate of their choosing to
the board.
Supermajority Vote Requirements
Glass Lewis favors a simple majority voting structure. Supermajority vote requirements act as
impediments to shareholder action on ballot items that are critical to our interests. One key
example is in the takeover context where supermajority vote requirements can strongly limit
shareholders input in making decisions on such crucial matters as selling the business.
Shareholder Proposals
Shareholder proposals are evaluated on a case-by-case basis. We generally favor proposals that are
likely to increase shareholder value and/or promote and protect shareholder rights. We typically
prefer to leave decisions regarding day-to-day management of the business and policy decisions
related to political, social or environmental issues to management and the board except when we see
a clear and direct link between the proposal and some economic or financial issue for the company.
11
PART C: OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 23. EXHIBITS.
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(a)
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(1
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Certificate of Trust, dated January 27, 2009, of Schwab Strategic Trust (the Registrant or the Trust) is
incorporated by reference to Exhibit (a)(1) of the Registrants Registration Statement, filed July 15, 2009.
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(2
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Registrants Agreement and Declaration of Trust, dated January 26, 2009, is incorporated by reference to
Exhibit (a)(2) of the Registrants Registration Statement, filed July 15, 2009.
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(3
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Registrants Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, dated October 12, 2009, is filed herewith.
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(b)
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Registrants By-Laws, dated January 26, 2009, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (b) of the Registrants
Registration Statement, filed July 15, 2009.
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(c)
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Reference in made to Article 5 of the Registrants Agreement and Declaration of Trust.
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(d)
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Form of Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. is
incorporated by reference to Exhibit (d) of Registrants Registration Statement, filed October 7, 2009.
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(e)
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Form of Distribution Agreement between the Registrant and SEI Investments Distribution Co. is incorporated by
reference to Exhibit (e) of Registrants Registration Statement, filed October 7, 2009.
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(f)
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Not applicable.
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(g)
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(1
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Custodian Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company is incorporated by reference
to Exhibit (g)(1) of Registrants Registration Statement, filed October 7, 2009.
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(2
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Form of Amendment to the Custodian Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company is
incorporated by reference to Exhibit (g)(2) of Registrants Registration Statement, filed October 7, 2009.
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(h)
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(1
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Administration Agreement between the Registrant and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. is incorporated
by reference to Exhibit (h)(1) of Registrants Registration Statement, filed October 7, 2009.
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(2
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Transfer Agency Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company is incorporated by
reference to Exhibit (h)(2) of Registrants Registration Statement, filed October 7, 2009.
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(3
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Form of Authorized Participant Agreement is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(3) of Registrants
Registration Statement, filed October 7, 2009.
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(4
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Master Fund Accounting and Services Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company is
incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(4) of Registrants Registration Statement, filed October 7, 2009.
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(5
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Form of Amendment to the Master Fund Accounting and Services Agreement between the Registrant and State Street
Bank and Trust Company is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(5) of Registrants Registration Statement,
filed October 7, 2009.
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(6
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Sub-Administration Agreement between the Charles Schwab Investment Management Company, Inc. and State Street
Bank and Trust Company is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(6) of Registrants Registration Statement,
filed October 7, 2009.
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(7
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Form of Amendment of the Sub-Administration Agreement between the Charles Schwab Investment Management Company,
Inc. and State Street Bank and Trust Company is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(7) of Registrants
Registration Statement, filed October 7, 2009.
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(i)
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Opinion and Consent of Counsel,
Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP is filed herewith
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(j)
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(1
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Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm - filed herewith
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(2
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Power of Attorney of Walter W.
Bettinger - filed herewith
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(3
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Power of Attorney of Robert W.
Burns - filed herewith
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(4
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Power of Attorney of Charles A.
Ruffel - filed herewith
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(5
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Power of Attorney of Mark A.
Goldfarb - filed herewith
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2
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(k)
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Not applicable.
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(l)
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None.
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(m)
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Form of Distribution and Shareholder Services Plan (12b-1 Plan) between the Registrant and SEI Investments
Distribution Co. is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (m) of Registrants Registration Statement, filed
October 7, 2009.
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(n)
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Not applicable.
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(o)
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Not applicable
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(p)
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(1
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Joint Code of Ethics for the Registrant and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. is incorporated by
reference to Exhibit (p)(1) of Registrants Registration Statement, filed October 7, 2009.
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(p)
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(2
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Code of Ethics of SEI Investments Distribution Co. is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (p)(2) of
Registrants Registration Statement, filed October 7, 2009.
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ITEM 24. PERSONS CONTROLLED BY OR UNDER COMMON CONTROL WITH THE REGISTRANT.
Not Applicable.
ITEM 25. INDEMNIFICATION.
Reference is made to Article VII of Registrants Declaration of Trust (Exhibit (a) filed July
15, 2009) and Article 11 of Registrants By-Laws
(Exhibit (b) filed July 15, 2009),
Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be
permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing
provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and
Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is,
therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities
(other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or
controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding)
is asserted by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being
registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled
by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such
indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the
final adjudication of such issue.
ITEM 26. BUSINESS AND OTHER CONNECTIONS OF INVESTMENT ADVISER.
The Registrants investment adviser, Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. (CSIM), a
Delaware corporation, organized in October 1989, also serves as the investment manager to the
Laudus Institutional Trust, Laudus Trust, Schwab Capital Trust, The Charles Schwab Family of Funds,
Schwab Investments, and Schwab Annuity Portfolios, each an open-end, management investment company.
The principal place of business of the investment adviser is 211 Main Street, San Francisco, CA
94105. The only business in which the investment adviser engages is that of investment adviser and
administrator to the Schwab Capital Trust, The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments,
Schwab Annuity Portfolios and any other investment companies that Schwab may sponsor in the future,
investment adviser to the Registrant, Laudus Trust and Laudus Institutional Trust and an investment
adviser to certain non-investment company clients.
The business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature in which each
director and/or senior or executive officer of CSIM is or has been engaged during the past two
fiscal years is listed below. The name of any company for which any director and/or senior or
executive officer of the investment adviser serves as director, officer, employee, partner or
trustee is also listed below.
3
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Name and Position
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with Adviser
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Name of Other Company
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Capacity
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Charles R. Schwab,
Chairman and
Director
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Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
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Chairman and Director
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The Charles Schwab Bank, N.A.
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Chairman, Director
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The Charles Schwab Corporation
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Chairman
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Schwab Holdings, Inc.
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Chief Executive Officer
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Schwab International Holdings, Inc.
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Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
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Schwab (SIS) Holdings, Inc. I
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Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
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Charles Schwab Holdings (UK)
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Chairman
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United States Trust Company of New
York
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Chairman, Director
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U.S. Trust Corporation
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Chairman, Director
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All Kinds of Minds
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Director
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Charles and Helen Schwab Foundation
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Director
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Stanford University
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Trustee
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Randall W. Merk
Director, President
and Chief Executive
Officer
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Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
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Executive Vice President and
President, Investment Management
Services
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Schwab Funds
Laudus Funds
Charles Schwab Worldwide Funds, PLC
Charles Schwab Asset Management
(Ireland) Limited
Excelsior Funds
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President, Chief Executive Officer
Trustee
Director
Director
Trustee
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Koji E. Felton,
Senior Vice
President, Chief
Counsel and
Corporate Secretary
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Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
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Senior Vice President,Deputy General Counsel
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Schwab Funds
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Chief Legal Officer and Secretary
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Excelsior Funds
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Chief Legal Officer and Secretary
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Jeffrey M.
Mortimer, Senior
Vice President and
Chief Investment
Officer, Equities
and Fixed Income
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Schwab Funds
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Senior Vice President and Chief
Investment Officer, Equities and
Fixed Income
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Laudus Funds
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President, Chief Executive Officer
and Chief Investment Officer
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George Pereira,
Senior Vice
President and Chief
Financial Officer
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Laudus Funds
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Chief Financial Officer
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Excelsior Funds
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Chief Financial Officer and Chief
Accounting Officer
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Mutual Fund Division, UST
Advisers, Inc.
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Chief Financial Officer
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Charles Schwab Worldwide Funds, PLC
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Director
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Charles Schwab Asset
Management (Ireland) Limited
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Director
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ITEM 27. PRINCIPAL UNDERWRITERS:
(a) SEI Investments Distribution Co. (the Distributor) is the principal underwriter of the Trust.
(b) Information with respect to each director, officer or partner of each principal underwriter is
as follows. Unless otherwise noted, the business address of each director or officer is 1 Freedom
Valley Drive, Oaks, PA 19456.
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Position and Office
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Positions and Offices
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Name
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with Underwriter
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with Registrant
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William M. Doran
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Director
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None
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Edward D. Loughlin
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Director
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None
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Wayne M. Withrow
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Director
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None
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Kevin Barr
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President & Chief Executive Officer
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None
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Maxine Chou
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Chief Financial Officer,Chief
Operations Officer, & Treasurer
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None
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Karen LaTourette
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Chief Compliance Officer,
Anti-Money Laundering Officer
&Assistant Secretary
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None
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John C. Munch
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General Counsel & Secretary
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None
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Mark J. Held
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Senior Vice President
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None
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Lori L. White
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Vice President & Assistant Secretary
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None
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John Coary
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Vice President & Assistant Secretary
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None
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John Cronin
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Vice President
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None
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Robert Silvestri
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Vice President
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None
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4
(c) None.
ITEM 28. LOCATION OF ACCOUNTS AND RECORDS.
All accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the 1940
Act, as amended, and the Rules thereunder will be maintained at the offices of:
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1)
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Schwab Strategic Trust, 211 Main Street, San Francisco, CA 94105
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2)
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Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc., 211 Main Street, San Francisco, CA 94105
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3)
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Principal Underwriter SEI Investments Distribution Co., 1 Freedom Valley Drive, Oaks, PA 19456
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4)
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Custodian State Street Bank and Trust Company, One Lincoln Street, Boston, MA 02111
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5)
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Transfer Agent State Street Bank and Trust Company, One Lincoln Street, Boston, MA 02111
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ITEM 29. MANAGEMENT SERVICES.
None.
ITEM 30. UNDERTAKINGS.
Not applicable.
5
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940,
the Registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of San Francisco, State of California on the
26th day of October, 2009.
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SCHWAB STRATEGIC TRUST
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By:
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/s/ Randall W. Merk
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Randall W. Merk
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President and Chief Executive Officer
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been
signed below by the following persons in the capacities indicated this 26th day of October, 2009.
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Signature
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Title
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Walter W. Bettinger, II*
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Trustee
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Walter W. Bettinger, II
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Robert W. Burns*
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Trustee
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Robert W. Burns
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Mark A. Goldfarb*
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Trustee
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Mark A. Goldfarb
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Charles A Ruffel*
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Trustee
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Charles A. Ruffel
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/s/ Randall W. Merk
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President & Chief Executive Officer
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Randall W. Merk
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/s/ George Pereria
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Treasurer & Principal Financial Officer
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George Pereria
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*By:
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/s/ W. John McGuire
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W. John McGuire, Attorney-in-Fact
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Pursuant to Power of Attorney filed herewith
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EXHIBIT INDEX
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(a)
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(3
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)
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Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust
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(i)
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Opinion and Consent of Counsel
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(j)
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(1
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)
|
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Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
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(j)
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(2
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)
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Power of Attorney - Bettinger
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(3
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)
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Power of Attorney - Burns
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(4
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)
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Power of Attorney - Ruffel
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(5
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)
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Power of Attorney - Goldfarb
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6