File Nos. 2-98772
811-04347
AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
ON MARCH 13, 2009
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
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REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
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Pre-Effective Amendment No. ___
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Post-Effective Amendment No. 133
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REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT
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COMPANY ACT OF 1940
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Amendment No. 167
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GMO TRUST
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
40 Rowes Wharf, Boston, Massachusetts 02110
(Address of principal executive offices)
617-330-7500
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
with a copy to:
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J.B. Kittredge, Esq.
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Thomas R. Hiller, Esq.
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GMO Trust
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Ropes & Gray LLP
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40 Rowes Wharf
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One International Place
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Boston, Massachusetts 02110
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Boston, Massachusetts 02110
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(Name and address of agents for service)
It is proposed that this filing will become effective:
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Immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b), or
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60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1), or
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On March 16, 2009 pursuant to paragraph (b), or
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75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485.
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This filing relates solely to GMO U.S. Treasury Fund and GMO Asset Allocation Bond Fund. No
information contained herein is intended to amend or supersede any prior filing relating to any
other series of the Registrant.
GMO Trust
Prospectus
March 16, 2009
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GMO U.S. Treasury Fund
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Information about other funds
offered by GMO Trust is
contained
in separate prospectuses.
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Shares of the Fund described in
this Prospectus may not be
available for purchase in all
states. This Prospectus does not
offer shares in any state where
they may not lawfully be offered.
Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co. LLC
40 Rowes Wharf
Boston, Massachusetts 02110
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved these securities or
passed upon the adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal
offense.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Page
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FUND SUMMARY
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1
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4
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7
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8
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9
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10
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10
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14
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GMO U.S. TREASURY FUND
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Fund Codes
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Ticker
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Symbol
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CUSIP
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362013 36 9
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This summary is not all-inclusive, and the GMO U.S. Treasury Fund (the Fund) may make
investments, employ strategies, and be exposed to risks that are not described in this summary.
More information about the Funds investments and strategies is contained in the Funds Statement
of Additional Information (SAI). Except for policies identified in this Prospectus or the SAI as
fundamental, the Board of Trustees (the Trustees) of GMO Trust (the Trust) may change the
Funds investment objective or policies without shareholder approval. The Fund is a series of the
Trust and the Funds investment manager is Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co. LLC (the Manager or
GMO) (see Management of the Fund for a description of the Manager). The Fund, by itself, is
not intended to provide a complete investment program, and an investment in the Fund should only be
considered as part of a diversified portfolio that includes other investments.
Other funds managed by GMO (the GMO Funds) may invest in the Fund in order to achieve
exposure to U.S. Treasury securities, to invest cash held by those GMO Funds and/or to generate a
return similar to yields on U.S. Treasury securities for those GMO Funds.
Investment objective
Liquidity and safety of principal with current income as a secondary objective.
Principal investment strategies
The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing primarily in U.S. Treasury
securities. Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets, plus the
amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in Direct U.S. Treasury Obligations and
repurchase agreements collateralized by these Obligations (the Name Policy) (see Name Policy
below for more information). Direct U.S. Treasury Obligations include U.S. Treasury bills,
bonds, and notes and other securities issued by the U.S. Treasury, such as Separately Traded
Registered Interest and Principal Securities (STRIPS) and other zero-coupon securities, that are
backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government as well as repurchase agreements
relating to the foregoing.
As a principal investment strategy the Fund may enter into repurchase agreements, under which
the Fund purchases a security backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government from a
seller who simultaneously commits to repurchase, on an agreed upon date in the future, the security
from the Fund at the original purchase price plus an agreed upon amount representing the original
purchase price plus interest. The counterparties in repurchase agreements are typically
broker-dealers and banks, and the safety of the arrangement is dependent upon the Fund having an
interest in the security that can be realized in the event of the insolvency of the counterparty.
In addition to Direct U.S. Treasury Obligations, the Fund may also invest in other
fixed-income securities that are also backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government,
such as
1
guaranteed securities issued by the Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA) and the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). The Fund may also invest in unaffiliated money
market funds.
The Fund normally invests in Direct U.S. Treasury Obligations and other fixed-income
securities backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government with a stated or remaining
maturity of one year or less. This may not be true of Direct U.S. Treasury Obligations purchased
pursuant to repurchase agreements, and, therefore, if there is a default by the counterparty to the
repurchase agreement the Fund may own a security with a stated or remaining maturity of greater
than one year.
Although the Fund primarily invests in short-term obligations, it will
not
operate as
a money market fund and is not required to comply with the duration, quality, diversification and
other requirements applicable to money market funds. In addition, the Manager normally seeks to
maintain a duration of one year or less for the Funds portfolio. The Manager determines the
Funds dollar-weighted average portfolio duration by aggregating the durations of the Funds
individual holdings and weighting each holding based on its market value.
In selecting U.S. Treasury securities for the Funds portfolio, the Manager focuses primarily
on the relative attractiveness of different obligations (such as bonds, notes, or bills), which can
vary depending on the general level of interest rates as well as supply/demand imbalances and other
market conditions.
Unless otherwise specified in this Prospectus or the SAI, the Manager is not obligated to and
generally will not consider tax consequences when seeking to achieve the Funds investment
objective (e.g., the Fund may engage in transactions that are not tax efficient for shareholders
subject to U.S. federal income tax). Portfolio turnover is not a principal consideration when the
Manager makes investment decisions for the Fund. Based on its assessment of market conditions and
the liquidity needs of the Funds shareholders, the Manager may trade the Funds investments more
frequently at some times than at others. High turnover rates may adversely affect the Funds
performance by generating additional expenses and may result in additional taxable income for its
shareholders.
Benchmark
The Funds benchmark is the Citigroup 3 Month Treasury Bill Index, which is an unmanaged index
of three-month U.S. Treasury bills.
Principal risks of investing in the Fund
The value of the Funds shares changes with the value of the Funds investments. Many factors
can affect this value, and you may lose money by investing in the Fund. Following is a brief
summary of the principal risks of an investment in the Fund. For a more complete discussion of
these risks, see Description of Principal Risks.
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Market RiskFixed Income Securities
Typically, the value of the Funds U.S. Treasury
and other fixed income securities will decline during periods of rising interest rates, and
yields on the Funds securities may equal or approach zero during certain market conditions.
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Liquidity Risk
The Funds ability to sell fixed income securities may be limited or
non-existent due to low trading volume, lack of a market maker, or legal restrictions.
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Credit and Counterparty Risk
This is the risk that the issuer or guarantor of a fixed
income security (such as a U.S. Treasury security), the counterparty to a repurchase
agreement, or a borrower of the Funds securities will be unable or unwilling to make timely
principal, interest, or settlement payments or otherwise to honor its obligations.
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Other principal risks of an investment in the Fund include
Management Risk
(the risk that the
Manager may not achieve the Funds investment objective),
Market Disruption and Geopolitical Risk
(the risk that geopolitical events may disrupt securities markets and adversely affect global
economies and markets generally), and
Large Shareholder Risk
(the risk that large shareholders
(e.g., institutional investors or other GMO Funds) will disrupt the Funds operations by purchasing
or redeeming Fund shares in large amounts and/or on a frequent basis).
Performance
Because the Fund has not yet completed a full calendar year of operations as of the date of
this Prospectus, performance information for the Fund is not included.
Fees and expenses
The table below shows, for each class of shares, the expected cost of investing in the Fund.
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Shareholder fees
(fees paid directly from your investment)
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Annual Fund operating expenses
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(expenses that are paid from Fund assets as a percentage
of average daily net assets)
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Management fee
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0.08
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Other expenses
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0.04
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Total annual operating expenses
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0.12
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Expense reimbursement/waiver
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(0.04
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Net annual expenses
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0.08
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The Manager has voluntarily agreed to waive the Funds management
fee. The Manager may change or terminate this waiver at any time. This waiver is in addition to the
Managers contractual agreement to reimburse the Fund for Fund expenses through at least June 30,
2010 (see footnote 4 below). During any period for which the voluntary management fee waiver is in
effect, the Fund will incur management fees at an annual rate lower than 0.08% of the Funds
average daily net assets, and, as a result, estimated net annual expenses for the Fund will be
lower.
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2
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The amounts indicated above represent an annualized estimate of the Funds operating
expenses for its initial fiscal year.
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3
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Other expenses reflect the aggregate of estimated direct expenses associated with
an investment in the Fund and the estimated indirect net expenses associated with the Funds
investment in certain other pooled investment vehicles (the underlying funds). Amount does not
include expenses associated with investments in the securities of unaffiliated issuers unless such
issuers hold themselves out to be investment companies. Net fees and expenses of underlying funds
are estimated to be less than 0.01%.
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The Manager has contractually agreed to reimburse the Fund through at least June 30,
2010 to the extent the Funds total annual operating expenses (without giving effect to any
voluntary management fee
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waiver) (excluding investment-related costs, and other expenses described on page 8 of this
Prospectus (collectively, Excluded Fund Fees and Expenses)) exceed 0.08% of the Funds average
daily net assets.
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Example
This example helps you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in
other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods
indicated, regardless of whether or not you redeem your shares at the end of such periods. The
example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year, that the Funds operating
expenses through June 30, 2010 are the same as shown in the table above under Net annual expenses
and that for all subsequent periods the Funds operating expenses will be the same as shown in the
table above under Total annual operating expenses, and that all dividends and distributions are
reinvested. Your actual costs may be higher or lower.
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1 Year
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3 Years
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GMO U.S. Treasury Fund
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$
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8
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$
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DESCRIPTION OF PRINCIPAL RISKS
Investing in mutual funds involves risk, including the risk that the Managers strategies and
techniques will fail to produce the desired results (see Management of the Fund for a description
of the Manager and Management Risk below for a more detailed discussion of this risk). The Fund
is subject to risks based on the types of investments in its portfolio and the investment
strategies it employs. Factors that may affect the Funds portfolio as a whole are called
principal risks and are summarized in this section. This summary describes the nature of these
principal risks and certain related risks, but is not intended to include every potential risk.
The Fund could be subject to additional risks because the types of investments made by the Fund may
change over time. The SAI includes more information about the Fund and its investments. You
should keep in mind that an investment in the Fund is not a bank deposit and therefore is not
insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency.
By itself, the Fund does not constitute a complete investment program.
MARKET RISK.
The Fund is subject to market risk, which is the risk of unfavorable changes
in the value of the securities owned by the Fund. General market risks associated with investments
in fixed income securities include the following:
Fixed Income Securities.
A principal risk of the Funds investments in U.S. Treasury and
other U.S. government fixed income securities (including bonds, notes, and bills) is that the value
of those securities typically changes as interest rates fluctuate. This kind of market risk, also
called interest rate risk, is generally greater for funds investing in fixed income securities
with longer durations, although it is present, but to a lesser extent, in the Fund. During certain
market conditions where interest rates on short term U.S. Treasury obligations equal or approach
zero, the yield on those securities purchased by the Fund could be zero or even negative, resulting
in negative returns for the Fund.
Interest rate risk relates to changes in a securitys value as a result of changes in interest
rates. The value of fixed-rate securities generally falls when interest rates rise, since
prospective interest payments exceed current payments; the opposite is true when interest rates
fall, since current investments have locked in a higher interest rate. The extent to which a
securitys value moves with interest rates is referred to as interest-rate duration, which can be
measured
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mathematically or empirically. Longer-maturity investments generally have longer durations, as
the investments fixed rate is locked in for longer. Floating-rate or adjustable-rate securities,
however, generally have short interest rate durations, since their interest rates are not fixed but
rather float up and down with the level of prevailing interest rates.
In addition, the value of inflation indexed bonds is expected to change in response to changes
in real interest rates. Their value typically will decline during periods of rising real interest
rates, and increase during periods of declining real interest rates. Real interest rates may not
fluctuate in the same manner as nominal interest rates. In certain interest rate environments, such
as when real interest rates are rising faster than nominal interest rates, the value of inflation
indexed bonds may decline more than the values of non-inflation indexed (or nominal) fixed income
bonds with similar maturities. There can be no assurance that the value of the Funds inflation
indexed bonds will be directly correlated to changes in nominal interest rates, and short-term
increases in inflation may lead to a decline in their value. Moreover, if the index measuring
inflation falls, the principal value of inflation indexed bond investments will be adjusted
downward, and, consequently, the interest payable on these investments (calculated with respect to
a smaller principal amount) will be reduced. The interest payments on these investments cannot be
known with certainty. Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for
inflation) is guaranteed in the case of U.S. Treasury inflation indexed bonds. For bonds that do
not provide a similar guarantee, however, the adjusted principal value of the bond repaid at
maturity may be less than the original principal.
The Fund also may invest in fixed income securities paying no interest, such as zero coupon,
principal-only and interest-only securities, and, to the extent it makes such investments, the Fund
will be exposed to additional market risk.
LIQUIDITY RISK.
The Fund is exposed to liquidity risk when low trading volume, lack of a
market maker, a large position, or legal restrictions limit the Funds ability to sell particular
securities at an advantageous price. Although Treasury securities have historically been among the
most liquid fixed income investments, there can be no assurance that the market will not become
less liquid in the future.
CREDIT AND COUNTERPARTY RISK.
This is the risk that the issuer or guarantor of a fixed
income security (such as a U.S. Treasury security), the counterparty to a repurchase agreement, or
a borrower of the Funds securities will be unable or unwilling to make timely principal, interest,
or settlement payments or otherwise to honor its obligations.
Credit risk for fixed income securities is the risk that the issuer will be unable to make
scheduled contractual payments of principal and interest. The value of the Funds investments can
decline as a result of an issuers defaulting in its payment obligations or the markets
expectation of a default. The Fund is subject to the risk that the issuers of the fixed income
securities in which it invests will have their credit ratings downgraded. Although the Fund
invests primarily in fixed income securities that are backed by the full faith and credit of the
U.S. government, the Fund is still subject to some credit risk.
In addition, the Fund is exposed to counterparty risk because it uses repurchase agreements in
implementing its investment program. It also is exposed to counterparty risk to the extent it
lends its portfolio securities. There can be no assurance that a counterparty will meet its
obligations, especially during unusually adverse market conditions. If the counterparty defaults,
the Fund will have contractual remedies, but the Fund may be unable to enforce its contractual
rights. Repurchase agreements entered into by the Fund must be collateralized, but counterparty
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risk may be more pronounced if the Funds interest in collateral is not perfected or the
instrument is not regularly marked-to-market. In addition, the Fund could be delayed in recovering
the collateral or may suffer a loss if the Fund sells the collateral for less than the repurchase
price. Typically, the Fund will only enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties or their
guarantors that, at the time they enter into a transaction, have long-term debt ratings of A or
higher by Moodys Investors Service (Moodys) or Standard & Poors (S&P) (or have comparable
credit ratings as determined by the Manager). Repurchase agreements may be entered into with
counterparties that do not have long-term debt ratings if they have short-term debt ratings of A-1
by S&P and/or a comparable rating by Moodys.
MANAGEMENT RISK
. The Fund is subject to management risk because it relies on the Managers
ability to achieve its investment objective. The Manager uses proprietary investment techniques
and risk analyses in making investment decisions for the Fund, but there can be no assurance that
the Manager will achieve the desired results. The Fund may buy securities not included in its
benchmark, hold securities in very different proportions than its benchmark, and/or engage in other
strategies that cause its performance to differ from that of its benchmark. In those cases, the
Funds performance will depend on the ability of the Manager to choose securities that perform
better than securities that are included in the benchmark and/or to utilize those other strategies
in a way that adds value relative to the benchmark.
MARKET DISRUPTION AND GEOPOLITICAL RISK.
The Fund is subject to the risk that geopolitical
events may disrupt securities markets and adversely affect global economies and markets generally.
The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have had a substantial effect on economies and securities markets
in the U.S. and worldwide. Terrorism in the U.S. and around the world has had a similar global
impact and has increased geopolitical risk. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 resulted
in the closure of some U.S. securities markets for four days, and similar future events are
possible. War, terrorism, and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to
increased short-term market volatility and may have adverse long-term effects on U.S. and world
economies and markets generally. Those events as well as other changes in foreign and domestic
economic and political conditions also could adversely affect individual issuers or related groups
of issuers, securities markets, interest rates, credit ratings, inflation, investor sentiment, and
other factors affecting the value of the Funds investments. At such times, the Funds exposure to
the risks described elsewhere in this section, including market risk, liquidity risk, and credit
and counterparty risk, can increase.
The value of the Funds investments may be adversely affected by acts of terrorism and other
changes in foreign and domestic economic and political conditions. In addition, market disruptions
might prevent the Fund from implementing its investment program for a period of time. The current
global economic crisis, for example, may strain the U.S. Treasurys ability to satisfy its
obligations.
LARGE SHAREHOLDER RISK
. To the extent that shares of the Fund are held by large
shareholders (e.g., institutional investors or other GMO Funds), the Fund is subject to the risk
that these shareholders will purchase or redeem Fund shares in large amounts and/or on a frequent
basis. In fact, a substantial percentage of the Fund will be held by separate accounts managed by
the Manager for its clients and/or GMO Funds. Asset allocation decisions by the Manager may result
in substantial redemptions from (or investments into) the Fund. These transactions will affect the
Fund, since the Fund may have to sell portfolio securities in order to satisfy redemption requests
or purchase portfolio securities in order to invest cash. This risk will be particularly
pronounced if one shareholder owns a substantial portion of the Fund. These transactions may
adversely affect the Funds performance to the extent that the Fund is required
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to sell investments or invest cash at times when it would not otherwise do so. These
transactions also may accelerate the realization of taxable income to shareholders if such sales of
investments result in gains, and also may increase transaction costs. These transactions
potentially limit the use of any capital loss carry forwards to offset future net realized gains
and may limit or prevent the Funds ability to use tax equalization.
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
GMO, 40 Rowes Wharf, Boston, Massachusetts 02110 provides investment advisory services to the
Fund and other GMO Funds. GMO is a private company, founded in 1977. As of December 31, 2008, GMO
managed on a worldwide basis more than $79 billion for the GMO Funds and institutional investors
such as pension plans, endowments, and foundations.
Subject to the approval of the Trustees, the Manager establishes and modifies when necessary
the investment strategies of the Fund. In addition to its management and shareholder services to
the Fund, the Manager administers the Funds business affairs.
The Manager receives a management fee from the Fund as compensation for services rendered to
the Fund. The Fund will commence operations on or following the date of this Prospectus, and,
therefore, the Fund has not yet paid the Manager a management fee. However, once the Fund
commences operations, it will pay to the Manager a management fee at the annual rate of 0.08% of
the Funds average daily net assets.
A discussion of the basis for the Trustees approval of the Funds initial investment
management contract will be included in the Funds initial shareholder report.
GMOs Fixed Income Division is responsible for day-to-day investment management of the Fund.
The Divisions investment professionals work collaboratively to manage the Funds portfolio, and no
one person is primarily responsible for day-to-day investment management of the Fund.
William Nemerever and Thomas Cooper are the senior members and co-directors of the Fixed
Income Division. Each has been a senior member of the Division since 1993. As senior members and
co-directors, Mr. Nemerever and Mr. Cooper jointly allocate responsibility for portions of the
Funds portfolio to members of the Division, oversee the implementation of trades, review the
overall composition of the portfolio, including compliance with its stated investment objective and
strategies, and monitor cash.
Mr. Nemerever and Mr. Cooper have been jointly responsible for overseeing the portfolio
management of GMOs global fixed income portfolios since 1993. In general, Mr. Nemerever focuses
on investment strategy, while Mr. Cooper focuses on instrument selection.
The SAI contains other information about how GMO determines the compensation of the senior
members, other accounts they manage and related conflicts, and their ownership of the Fund.
Custodian, Transfer Agent, and Fund Accounting Agent
State Street Bank and Trust Company, One Lincoln Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, serves
as the Funds custodian, transfer agent, and fund accounting agent.
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Expense Reimbursement
As more fully described in the Funds Annual Fund operating expenses table under the caption
Fees and expenses, the Manager has contractually agreed to reimburse the Fund for a portion of
its expenses through at least June 30, 2010. As used in this Prospectus, Excluded Fund Fees and
Expenses means fees and expenses of the independent Trustees of the Trust, fees and expenses for
legal services not approved by the Manager for the Trust, compensation and expenses of the Trusts
Chief Compliance Officer (excluding any employee benefits), brokerage commissions,
securities-lending fees and expenses, interest expense, transfer taxes, and other
investment-related costs (including expenses associated with investments in any company that is an
investment company or would be an investment company under the 1940 Act, but for the exceptions to
the definition of investment company provided in Sections 3(c)(1) and 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act),
hedging transaction fees, extraordinary, non-recurring and certain other unusual expenses
(including taxes).
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
The net asset value or NAV of each class of shares of the Fund is determined as of the close
of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), generally at 4:00 p.m. Eastern time.
The Funds NAV per share for a class of shares is determined by dividing the total value of the
Funds portfolio investments and other assets, less any liabilities, allocated to that share class
by the total number of Fund shares outstanding for that class. The Fund will not determine its NAV
on any day when the NYSE is closed for business. The Fund will not be valued (and accordingly
transactions in shares of the Fund will not be processed) on days when the U.S. bond markets are
closed. The Fund also may elect not to determine its NAV on days during which no share is tendered
for redemption and no order to purchase or sell a share is received by the Fund.
The value of the Funds investments is generally determined as follows:
Exchange listed securities
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Last sale price or
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Official closing price or
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Most recent bid price (if no reported sale or official closing price) or
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Broker bid (if the private market is more relevant in determining market value than
the exchange), based on where the securities are principally traded and their intended
disposition
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Unlisted securities (if market quotations are readily available)
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Most recent quoted bid price
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Certain debt obligations (if less than sixty days remain until maturity)
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Amortized cost (unless circumstances dictate otherwise; for example, if the
issuers creditworthiness has become impaired)
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8
All other fixed income securities and options on those securities (except for options written by
the Fund)
(includes bonds, loans, structured notes)
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Most recent bid supplied by a primary pricing source chosen by the Manager
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Shares of other open-end registered investment companies
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NAV at the time of valuation of shares of the investing Fund
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Fair Value Pricing
For all other assets and securities, and in cases where market prices are not readily
available or circumstances render an existing methodology or procedure unreliable, the Funds
investments will be valued at fair value, as determined in good faith by the Trustees or pursuant
to procedures approved by the Trustees.
With respect to the Funds use of fair value pricing, you should note the following:
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In certain circumstances, a portion of the Funds assets may be fair
valued. The value of assets that are fair valued is determined by the Trustees
or persons acting at their direction pursuant to procedures approved by the
Trustees. Some of the factors that may be considered in determining fair value
are the value of other financial instruments traded on other markets, trading
volumes, changes in interest rates, observations from financial institutions,
significant events (which may be considered to include changes in the value of
U.S. securities or securities indices) that occur after the close of the relevant
market and before the time that the Funds net asset value is calculated, and
other news events. Although the goal of fair valuation is to determine the amount
the owner of the securities might reasonably expect to receive upon their current
sale, because of the subjective and variable nature of fair value pricing, the
value determined for a particular security may be materially different than the
value realized upon its sale.
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The Manager evaluates primary pricing sources from time to time, and may change any pricing
source at any time. However, the Manager does not normally evaluate the prices supplied by the
pricing sources on a day-to-day basis. The Manager is kept informed of erratic or unusual
movements (including unusual inactivity) in the prices supplied for a security and may in its
discretion override a price supplied by a source (e.g., by taking a price supplied from another)
when the Manager believes that the price supplied is not reliable. Certain securities held by the
Fund may be valued on the basis of a price provided by a principal market maker. Prices provided
by principal market makers may vary from the value that would be realized if the securities were
sold, and the differences could be material to the Fund.
NAME POLICY
The Fund will not change its Name Policy without providing its shareholders at least 60 days
prior written notice. When used in connection with the Funds Name Policy, assets include the
Funds net assets plus any borrowings made for investment purposes.
9
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS
The Fund has established a policy with respect to disclosure of its portfolio holdings. That
policy is described in the SAI. The largest fifteen portfolio holdings of certain GMO Funds are
posted monthly on GMOs website and are available to shareholders without a confidentiality
agreement. Additional information regarding the Funds portfolio holdings as of each months end
is made available to shareholders of the Trust, qualified potential shareholders as determined by
GMO (potential shareholders), and their consultants or agents through a secured link on GMOs
website approximately five days after month end. Periodically, in response to heightened market
interest in specific issuers, the Funds holdings in one or more issuers may be made available on a
more frequent basis to shareholders of the Trust, potential shareholders, and their consultants or
agents through a secured link on GMOs website. This information may be posted as soon as the
business day following the date to which the information relates.
To access this information on GMOs website (http://www.gmo.com/america/strategies),
shareholders, potential shareholders, and their consultants and agents must contact GMO to obtain a
password and user name (to the extent they do not already have them) and enter into a
confidentiality agreement with GMO and the Trust that permits the information to be used only for
purposes determined by senior management of GMO to be in the best interest of the shareholders of
the Fund to which the information relates. Beneficial owners of shares of the Fund who have
invested in the Fund through a broker or agent should contact that broker or agent for information
on how to obtain access to information on the website regarding the Funds portfolio holdings.
The Fund or GMO may suspend the posting of portfolio holdings, and the Fund may modify the
disclosure policy, without notice to shareholders. Once posted, the Funds portfolio holdings will
remain available on the website at least until the Fund files a Form N-CSR (annual/semiannual
report) or Form N-Q (quarterly schedule of portfolio holdings) for the period that includes the
date of those holdings.
HOW TO PURCHASE SHARES
Under ordinary circumstances, you may purchase the Funds shares directly from the Trust when
the NYSE is open for business. In addition, certain brokers and agents are authorized to accept
purchase and redemption orders on the Funds behalf. These brokers and agents may impose
transaction fees and/or other restrictions (in addition to those described in this Prospectus) for
purchasing Fund shares through them. For instructions on purchasing shares, call the Trust at
1-617-346-7646, send an e-mail to SHS@GMO.com, or contact your broker or agent. The Trust will not
accept a purchase request unless a completed GMO Trust Application, and an IRS Form W-9 (for U.S.
shareholders) or the appropriate IRS Form W-8 (for foreign shareholders) with a correct taxpayer
identification number (if required), is on file with GMO and deemed to be in good order as
determined by the Funds withholding agent. Please consult your tax advisor to ensure all tax
forms provided to the Trust are completed properly and in good order.
Purchase Policies
.
You must submit a purchase request in good order to avoid having it
rejected by the Trust or its agent. In general, a purchase request is in good order if it
includes:
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The name and/or CUSIP number of the Fund being purchased;
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The U.S. dollar amount of the shares to be purchased;
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10
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The date on which the purchase is to be made (subject to receipt prior
to the close of regular trading on that date);
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The name and/or the account number (if any) set forth with sufficient
clarity to avoid ambiguity;
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The signature of an authorized signatory as identified in the GMO Trust
Application; and
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Payment in full (by check, wire, or, when approved, securities)
received by an agent of the Trust by 4:00 p.m. Eastern time or the close
of the NYSE, whichever is earlier.
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4
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If payment is not received prior to the close of regular
trading on the intended purchase date, the request may be rejected
unless prior arrangements have been approved by GMO for later
payment.
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All investments are made at the net asset value per share next determined after a purchase
request in good order is received by the Fund. In other words, if the purchase request is received
in good order by the Trust or its agent prior to the close of regular trading on the NYSE
(generally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time), the purchase price for the Fund shares to be purchased is the
net asset value per share determined on that day. If the good order purchase request is received
after the close of regular trading on the NYSE, the purchase price for the Fund shares to be
purchased is the net asset value per share determined on the next business day that the NYSE and
the U.S. bond markets are open. Good order purchase requests that are received on days when the
U.S. bond markets are closed will be processed at the price determined as of the close of the
following business day.
To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, federal
law requires the Trust to verify identifying information provided by you in your GMO Trust
Application. Additional identifying documentation also may be required. If the Trust is unable to
verify the information shortly after your account is opened, the account may be closed and your
shares redeemed at their net asset value at the time of the redemption.
The Trust and its agents reserve the right to reject any purchase order. In addition, without
notice, the Fund in its sole discretion may temporarily or permanently suspend sales of its shares
to new investors and, in some circumstances, existing shareholders.
Minimum investment amounts are set forth in the table on page 13 of this Prospectus. No
minimum additional investment is required to purchase additional shares of the Fund. The Trust may
waive initial minimums for some investors.
Funds advised or sub-advised by GMO (Top Funds) may purchase shares of the Fund after the
close of regular trading on the NYSE (the Cut-off Time) and receive the current days price if
the following conditions are met: (i) the Top Fund received a purchase request prior to the
Cut-off Time on that day; and (ii) the purchases by the Top Funds of shares of the Fund are
executed pursuant to an allocation predetermined by GMO prior to that days Cut-off Time.
11
Submitting Your Purchase Order Form
.
Completed purchase order forms can be submitted by
mail
or by
facsimile
or other form of communication pre-approved by Shareholder Services to the Trust
at:
GMO Trust
c/o Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co. LLC
40 Rowes Wharf
Boston, Massachusetts 02110
Facsimile: 1-617-439-4192
Attention: Shareholder Services
Call the Trust at 1-617-346-7646 or send an e-mail to SHS@GMO.com
to confirm good order
receipt and acceptance
of your purchase order form. Do not send cash, checks, or securities
directly to the Trust. Purchase requests submitted by mail are received by the Trust when
actually delivered to the Trust or its agent. Purchase requests delivered by facsimile are
received by the Trust when such facsimile is actually received by the Trust or its agent.
Funding Your Investment
. You may purchase shares:
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with cash (via wire transfer or check)
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4
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By wire
. Instruct your bank to wire the amount of your investment to:
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State Street Bank and Trust Company, Boston, Massachusetts
ABA#: 011000028
Attn: Transfer Agent
Credit: GMO Deposit Account 00330902
Further credit: GMO U.S. Treasury Fund/Account name and number
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By check
. All checks must be made payable to the Fund or to GMO
Trust. The Trust will not accept checks payable to a third party that have been
endorsed by the payee to the Trust. Mail checks to:
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By U.S. Postal Service:
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By Overnight Courier:
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State Street Bank and Trust Company
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State Street Bank and Trust Company
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Transfer Agency/GMO
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Attn: Transfer Agency/GMO
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P.O. Box 642
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200 Clarendon Street
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Mail Code JHT2920
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29th Floor-Mail Code JHT2920
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Boston, MA 02117-0642
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Boston, MA 02116
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in exchange for securities acceptable to the Manager
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securities must be approved by the Manager prior to transfer to the Fund
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4
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securities will be valued as set forth under Determination of Net
Asset Value
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by a combination of cash and securities
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12
Minimum Investments.
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Minimum Total Fund
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Investment
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Minimum Total
Investment
1
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GMO U.S. Treasury Fund
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NA
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$10 million
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Eligibility to purchase Fund shares depends on the clients meeting the minimum Total
Investment set forth in the above table, calculated as described below.
A clients Total Investment equals the market value of all the clients assets managed by GMO
and its affiliates (1) at the time of initial investment, (2) at close of business on the last
business day of each calendar quarter, or (3) at other times as determined by the Manager (each, a
Determination Date).
You should note:
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No minimum additional investment is required to purchase additional shares of
the Fund.
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The Manager will make all determinations as to the aggregation of client
accounts for purposes of determining eligibility. See below for a discussion of
factors the Manager considers relevant when making aggregation determinations.
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Eligibility requirements are subject to change upon notice to shareholders.
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The Trust may waive eligibility requirements for certain accounts or special
situations (e.g., funds that invest in GMO Funds may invest in the least expensive
class of those GMO Funds in operation at the time of investment)
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Aggregation.
The Manager makes all decisions relating to aggregation of accounts for purposes
of determining eligibility for shares offered by the Fund. When making decisions regarding
whether accounts should be aggregated because they are part of a larger client relationship, the
Manager considers several factors including, but not limited to, whether: the multiple accounts
are for one or more subsidiaries of the same parent company; the multiple accounts have the same
beneficial owner regardless of the legal form of ownership; the investment mandate is the same
or substantially similar across the relationship; the asset allocation strategies are
substantially similar across the relationship; GMO reports to the same investment board; the
consultant is the same for the entire relationship; GMO services the relationship through a
single GMO relationship manager; the relationships have substantially similar reporting
requirements; and/or the relationship can be serviced from a single geographic location.
Frequent Trading Activity.
The Trustees have adopted procedures designed to detect and
prevent frequent trading activity that is harmful to certain other GMO Funds and their
shareholders. Frequent trading strategies are generally strategies that involve repeated exchanges
and/or purchases and redemptions (or redemptions and purchases) within a short period of time.
Frequent trading strategies may be disruptive to the efficient management of such Funds,
13
materially increase portfolio transaction costs and taxes, dilute the value of shares held by
long-term investors, or otherwise be harmful to such Funds and their shareholders.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, these policies and procedures do not limit frequent trading of
the Fund.
HOW TO REDEEM SHARES
Under ordinary circumstances, you may redeem the Funds shares when the NYSE is open for
business. Redemption requests should be submitted directly to the Trust unless the Fund shares to
be redeemed were purchased through a broker or agent, in which case the redemption request should
be initiated through that broker or agent. The broker or agent may impose transaction fees and/or
other restrictions (in addition to those described in this Prospectus) for redeeming Fund shares
through it. For instructions on redeeming shares, call the Trust at 1-617-346-7646, send an e-mail
to SHS@GMO.com, or contact your broker or agent. The Trust may take up to seven days to remit
proceeds.
Redemption Policies
.
You must submit a redemption request in good order to avoid having it
rejected by the Trust or its agent. In general, a redemption request is in good order if it
includes:
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The name and/or CUSIP number of the Fund being redeemed;
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The number of shares or the dollar amount of the shares to be redeemed;
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The date on which the redemption is to be made (subject to receipt
prior to the close of regular trading on that date);
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The name and/or the account number set forth with sufficient clarity to
avoid ambiguity;
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The signature of an authorized signatory as identified in the GMO Trust
Application or subsequent authorized signers list; and
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Wire instructions or registration address that match the wire
instructions or registration address (as applicable) on file at GMO or
confirmation from an authorized signatory that the wire instructions are
valid.
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If the redemption request is received in good order by the Trust or its agent prior to the
close of regular trading on the NYSE (generally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time), the redemption price for
the Fund shares to be redeemed is the net asset value per share determined on that day. If the good
order redemption request is received after the close of regular trading on the NYSE, the redemption
price for the Fund shares to be redeemed is the net asset value per share determined on the next
business day that the U.S. bond markets are open unless an authorized person on the account has
instructed GMO Shareholder Services in writing to defer the redemption to another day. Redemption
requests that are received on days when the U.S. bond markets are closed will be processed at the
price determined as of the close of the following business day. If you have instructed GMO
Shareholder Services to defer the redemption to another day, an authorized person on the account
may revoke your redemption request in writing at any time prior to 4:00 p.m. Eastern time on the
redemption date. In the event of a disaster affecting Boston, Massachusetts, please contact GMO to
confirm good order receipt of your redemption request.
14
Failure to provide the Trust with a properly authorized redemption request or otherwise
satisfy the Trust as to the validity of any change to the wire instructions or registration address
will result in a delay in processing a redemption request, delay in remittance of redemption
proceeds, or a rejection of the redemption request.
If the Manager determines, in its sole discretion, that a redemption payment wholly or partly
in cash would be detrimental to the best interests of the remaining shareholders, the Fund may pay
the redemption proceeds in whole or in part with securities held by the Fund instead of cash.
If a redemption is paid in cash:
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payment generally will be made by means of federal funds transfer to the bank
account designated in a recordable format by an authorized signatory in the GMO Trust
Application to purchase the Fund shares being redeemed
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4
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designation of one or more additional bank accounts or any change in
the bank accounts originally designated in the GMO Trust Application must be made
in writing by an authorized signatory according to the procedures in the GMO Trust
Redemption Order Form
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upon request, payment will be made by check mailed to the registration address
(unless another address is specified according to the procedures in the GMO Trust
Redemption Order Form).
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If a redemption is paid with securities, it is important for you to note:
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securities used to redeem Fund shares will be valued as set forth under
Determination of Net Asset Value
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securities distributed by the Fund will be selected by the Manager in light of the
Funds objective and may not represent a pro rata distribution of each security held
in the Funds portfolio
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you may incur brokerage charges on the sale of any securities received as a result
of an in-kind redemption
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in-kind redemptions generally are treated by shareholders for tax purposes the same
as redemptions paid in cash
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in-kind redemptions will be transferred and delivered by the Trust as directed in
writing by an authorized person.
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The Fund may suspend the right of redemption and may postpone payment for more than seven
days:
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if the NYSE or the U.S. bond markets are closed on days other than weekends or
holidays
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during periods when trading on the NYSE is restricted
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15
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during an emergency which makes it impracticable for the Fund to dispose of its
securities or to fairly determine the net asset value of the Fund
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during any other period permitted by the Securities and Exchange Commission for
your protection.
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Pursuant to the Trusts Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, the Trust has
the right to redeem Fund shares held by a shareholder unilaterally at any time if at that time:
(i) the shares of the Fund or a class held by the shareholder have an aggregate net asset value of
less than an amount determined from time to time by the Trustees; or (ii) the shares of the Fund or
a class held by the shareholder exceed a percentage of the outstanding shares of the Fund or a
class determined from time to time by the Trustees. The Trustees have authorized GMO in its sole
discretion to redeem shares held by certain shareholders to prevent the shareholder from becoming
an affiliated person of the Fund.
Top Funds may redeem shares of the Fund after the Cut-off Time and receive the current days
price if the following conditions are met: (i) the Top Fund received a redemption request prior to
the Cut-off Time on that day; and (ii) the redemption of the shares of the Fund is executed
pursuant to an allocation predetermined by GMO prior to that days Cut-off Time.
Submitting Your Redemption Request
.
Redemption requests can be submitted by
mail
or by
facsimile
to the Trust at the address/facsimile number set forth under How to Purchase Shares -
Submitting Your Purchase Order Form. Redemption requests submitted by mail are received by the
Trust when actually delivered to the Trust or its agent. Call the Trust at 1-617-346-7646 or send
an e-mail to SHS@GMO.com to
confirm good order receipt and acceptance
of redemption requests.
16
DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAXES
The Funds policy is to declare net income distributions daily to the extent income is
available. The distributions generally will be paid on the first business day following the end of
each month in which distributions were declared. The Fund also intends to distribute net gains,
whether from the sale of securities held by the Fund for not more than one year (i.e., net
short-term capital gains) or from the sale of securities held by the Fund for more than one year
(i.e., net long-term capital gains), if any, at least annually. In addition, the Fund may, from
time to time and at its discretion, make unscheduled distributions in advance of large redemptions
by shareholders or as otherwise deemed appropriate by the Fund. Shareholders should read the
description below for information regarding the tax character of distributions from the Fund to
shareholders.
All dividends and/or distributions are reinvested in additional shares of the Fund, at net
asset value, unless a shareholder elects to receive cash. Shareholders may elect to receive cash
by marking the appropriate boxes on the GMO Trust Application or by writing to the Trust.
Shareholders will begin accruing dividends in the Fund on the next business day that the NYSE
and the U.S. bond markets are open following receipt of a purchase request for the Funds shares
that is deemed to be in good order, provided that the Fund receives the purchase request before
4:00 pm EST. In addition, a shareholder will continue to accrue dividends on its shares until (and
including) the date on which the Fund receives a redemption request that is deemed to be in good
order, provided that the Fund receives the redemption request before 4:00 pm EST. If the Fund
receives a redemption request that is deemed to be in good order after 4:00 pm EST, a shareholder
will continue to accrue dividends until (and including) the next business day that the NYSE and the
U.S. bond markets are open following the receipt of the request.
The following is a general summary of the principal U.S. federal income tax consequences to
shareholders investing in the Fund. The Funds shareholders may include certain other GMO Funds.
The summary below does not address tax consequences to shareholders of those other GMO Funds.
Shareholders of those other GMO Funds should refer to the prospectuses or private placement
memoranda (as applicable) and statements of additional information for those Funds for a summary of
the tax consequences applicable to them.
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The Fund is treated as a separate taxable entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes
and intends to qualify each year as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
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For U.S. federal income tax purposes, distributions of investment income are generally
taxable as ordinary income. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how
long the Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than by how long a
shareholder has owned shares in the Fund. Distributions of net capital gains from the
sale of investments that the Fund owned for more than one year and that are properly
designated by the Fund as capital gain dividends are taxable to shareholders as long-term
capital gains. Distributions of gains from the sale of investments that the Fund owned
for one year or less are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income.
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If the Fund realizes capital losses in excess of capital gains for any taxable year,
these excess losses will carry over and offset capital gains realized in succeeding
taxable years until either (a) the end of the eighth succeeding taxable year or (b) such
losses have been
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17
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fully utilized to offset realized capital gains, whichever comes first. The Funds ability
to utilize these losses in succeeding taxable years may be limited by reason of direct or
indirect changes in the actual or constructive ownership of the Fund.
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For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2011, distributions of investment income
properly designated by the Fund as derived from qualified dividend income will be
taxable to shareholders taxed as individuals at the rates applicable to long-term capital
gain, provided holding period and other requirements are met at both the shareholder and
Fund levels. The Fund does not expect a significant portion of its distributions to be
derived from qualified dividend income. Long-term capital gain rates applicable to most
individuals have been reduced to 15% (with lower rates applying to taxpayers in the 10%
and 15% rate brackets) for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2011.
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Distributions by the Fund to retirement plans that qualify for tax-exempt treatment
under the U.S. federal income tax laws will generally not be taxable. Special tax rules
apply to investments through such plans. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors
to determine the suitability of the Fund as an investment through such a plan and the tax
treatment of distributions (including distributions of amounts attributable to an
investment in the Fund) from such a plan.
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Distributions by the Fund are taxable to a shareholder even if they are paid from
income or gains earned by the Fund before that shareholder invested in the Fund (and
accordingly the income or gains were included in the NAV the shareholder paid for the
Funds shares). Distributions are taxable whether shareholders receive them in cash or
reinvest them in additional shares. Any gain resulting from a shareholders sale,
exchange, or redemption of Fund shares generally will be taxable to the shareholder as
short-term or long-term capital gain, depending on how long the Fund shares were held by
the shareholder.
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The Funds investments in certain types of securities and other assets, including debt
obligations issued or purchased at a discount, may increase or accelerate the Funds
recognition of income, including the recognition of taxable income in excess of the cash
generated by those investments. These investments, therefore, may affect the timing,
character, and/or amount of the Funds distributions and may cause the Fund to liquidate
other investments at a time when it is not advantageous to do so to satisfy the
distribution requirements that apply to entities treated as regulated investment companies
for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
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The Funds participation in repurchase agreements or investments in other investment
companies may affect the amount, timing, and/or character of distributions to
shareholders. See Taxes in the SAI for more information about the tax consequences of
these investments.
|
Most states permit mutual funds, such as the Fund, to pass through to their shareholders the
state tax exemption on income earned from investments in certain Direct U.S. Treasury Obligations,
as well as some limited types of U.S. government agency securities, so long as the Fund meets all
applicable state requirements. Therefore, you may be allowed to exclude from your state income tax
returns distributions made to you by the Fund to the extent attributable to interest the Fund
earned on such investments. The availability of these exemptions varies by state. You should
consult your tax advisors regarding the applicability of any such exemption to your situation.
18
The above is a general summary of the principal U.S. federal income tax consequences of
investing in the Fund for shareholders who are U.S. citizens, residents, or domestic corporations.
You should consult your own tax advisors about the precise tax consequences of an investment in the
Fund in light of your particular tax situation, including possible foreign, state, local, or other
applicable taxes (including the federal alternative minimum tax). See Taxes in the SAI for more
information, including a summary of certain tax consequences of investing in the Fund for non-U.S.
shareholders.
19
GMO TRUST
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
The Funds annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders (when available) will contain
additional information about the Funds investments. The Funds annual report (when available)
will contain a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly
affected the Funds performance during its initial fiscal year. The Funds annual and semi-annual
reports (when available) will be, and the Funds SAI is, available free of charge at
http://www.gmo.com or by writing to Shareholder Services at GMO, 40 Rowes Wharf, Boston,
Massachusetts 02110 or by calling collect at 1-617-346-7646. The SAI contains more detailed
information about the Fund and is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus, which means that
it is legally considered to be part of this Prospectus.
You can review and copy the Prospectus, SAI, and reports (when available) at the SECs Public
Reference Room in Washington, D.C. Information regarding the operation of the Public Reference
Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-202-551-8090. Reports and other information about the
Fund are available on the EDGAR database on the SECs Internet site at
http://www.sec.gov
. Copies
of this information may be obtained, upon payment of a duplicating fee, by electronic request at
the following e-mail address:
publicinfo@sec.gov
, or by writing the Public Reference Section of the
SEC, Washington, D.C. 20549-0102.
Shareholders who wish to communicate with the Trustees must do so by mailing a written
communication, addressed as follows: To the Attention of the Board of Trustees, c/o GMO Trust Chief
Compliance Officer, 40 Rowes Wharf, Boston, MA 02110.
SHAREHOLDER INQUIRIES
Shareholders may request additional
information from and direct inquiries to:
Shareholder Services at
Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co. LLC
40 Rowes Wharf
Boston, MA 02110
1-617-346-7646 (call collect)
1-617-439-4192 (fax)
SHS@GMO.com
website:
http://www.gmo.com
DISTRIBUTOR
Funds Distributor, LLC
10 High Street
Suite 302
Boston, Massachusetts 02110
Investment Company Act File No. 811-04347
20
GMO Trust
Prospectus
March 16, 2009
■
GMO Asset Allocation Bond Fund
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■
Information about other funds
offered by GMO Trust is contained
in separate prospectuses.
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■
Shares of the Fund described in
this Prospectus may not be
available for purchase in all
states. This Prospectus does not
offer shares in any state where
they may not lawfully be offered.
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Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co. LLC
40 Rowes Wharf
Boston, Massachusetts 02110
The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved these securities or
passed upon the adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal
offense.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Page
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FUND SUMMARY
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1
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5
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12
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13
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15
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15
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16
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19
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22
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24
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back cover
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back cover
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back cover
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GMO ASSET ALLOCATION BOND FUND
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Fund Codes
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Ticker
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Symbol
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CUSIP
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Class III
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362013 38 5
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Class VI
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362013 37 7
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This summary is not all-inclusive, and the GMO Asset Allocation Bond Fund (the Fund) may
make investments, employ strategies, and be exposed to risks that are not described in this
summary. More information about the Funds investments and strategies is contained in the Funds
Statement of Additional Information (SAI). Except for policies identified in this Prospectus or
the SAI as fundamental, the Board of Trustees (the Trustees) of GMO Trust (the Trust) may
change the Funds investment objective or policies without shareholder approval. The Funds
investment manager is Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co. LLC (the Manager or GMO) (see
Management of the Fund for a description of the Manager). The Fund, by itself, is not intended
to provide a complete investment program, and an investment in the Fund should only be considered
as part of a diversified portfolio that includes other investments.
Investment objective
Total return in excess of that of its benchmark.
Principal investment strategies
The Fund may invest in bonds of any kind. (For purposes of this Prospectus, the term bond
refers to any fixed income security, including instruments with variable interest payments.) Under
normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its assets in bonds (the Name Policy) (see
Name Policy below for more information). The Fund may invest in any sector of the bond market
and is not required to maintain a minimum or maximum allocation of investments in any one sector.
The sectors and types of bonds that the Fund may invest in include, but are not limited to:
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investment grade bonds denominated in various currencies, including securities issued by
the U.S. and foreign governments and their agencies or instrumentalities (including securities
neither guaranteed nor insured by the U.S. government), corporate bonds, taxable and
tax-exempt municipal bonds, and Rule 144A securities;
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below investment grade bonds (also known as junk bonds);
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inflation indexed bonds issued by the U.S. and foreign governments and their agencies or
instrumentalities (including securities neither guaranteed nor insured by the U.S.
government), including Inflation-Protected Securities issued by the U.S. Treasury (TIPS), and
inflation indexed bonds issued by corporations;
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futures contracts, currency options, currency forwards, swap contracts, interest rate
options, swaps on interest rates, and other types of derivatives;
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sovereign debt of emerging countries and other bonds issued in emerging countries
(including below investment grade bonds (also known as junk bonds); and
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asset-backed securities, including mortgage related and mortgage-backed securities.
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The Fund may gain exposure to the investments described above directly or indirectly through
investments in shares of other funds managed by GMO (the GMO Funds), including GMO U.S. Treasury
Fund (see Appendix A hereto for a description of GMO U.S. Treasury Fund).
1
The Fund may invest up to 100% of its assets in below investment grade bonds (also known as
junk bonds). Junk bonds are also called high yield bonds. Please see High Yield Risk below
for a description of the speculative risks pertaining to junk bonds.
The Manager employs fundamental investment techniques and quantitative models to determine the
relative values of different sectors of the bond market, such as corporate, U.S. government,
foreign, and asset-backed bond sectors, and to identify investments the Manager believes are
undervalued, less overvalued and/or may provide downside protection. The Fund may take substantial
positions in particular sectors of the bond market, using derivatives and other instruments to
adjust its foreign currency exposure independently of its exposure to various sectors of the bond
market.
The Manager does not seek to maintain a specified portfolio duration for the Fund, and the
Funds portfolio duration will change depending on the Funds investments and the Managers current
outlook on different sectors of the bond market.
When used in this Prospectus, the term invest includes both direct investing and indirect
investing and the term investments includes both direct investments and indirect investments.
For example, the Fund may invest indirectly or make indirect investments by investing in another
GMO Fund or in derivatives and synthetic instruments with economic characteristics similar to the
underlying asset.
For purposes of this Prospectus, the term fixed income securities includes (i)
obligations of an issuer to make payments of principal and/or interest on future dates, including
instruments with variable interest payments and (ii) synthetic debt instruments created by the
Manager by combining a futures contract, swap contract, currency forward or option on a
non-synthetic fixed income security with cash, a cash equivalent, or a non-synthetic fixed income
security.
For purposes of this Prospectus, the term investment grade refers to a rating of Baa3/BBB-
or better given by Moodys Investors Service, Inc. (Moodys) and/or Standard & Poors (S&P) to
a particular fixed income security, and the term below investment grade refers to any rating
below Baa3/BBB- given by Moodys and/or S&P to a particular fixed income security. Fixed income
securities rated below investment grade are also known as junk bonds. Securities referred to in
this Prospectus as investment grade or below investment grade include not only securities rated by
Moodys and S&P, but also securities unrated by Moodys or S&P that the Manager determines to have
credit qualities comparable to securities rated by Moodys and/or S&P as investment grade or below
investment grade, as applicable. The Fund may hold securities that are downgraded to below
investment grade status after the time of purchase by the Fund.
The Fund may invest in unaffiliated money market funds. The Fund intends to invest in
unaffiliated money market funds in reliance on Rule 12d1-1 under the Investment Company Act of
1940, as amended (the 1940 Act). As a result, investments by the Fund in unaffiliated money
market funds may exceed the limits expressed in Section 12(d)(1)(A) of the 1940 Act.
Unless otherwise specified in this Prospectus or the SAI, the Manager is not obligated to, and
generally will not, consider tax consequences when seeking to achieve the Funds investment
objective (e.g., the Fund may engage in transactions that are not tax efficient for shareholders
subject to U.S. federal income tax). Portfolio turnover is not a principal consideration when the
Manager makes investment decisions for the Fund. High turnover rates may adversely affect the
Funds performance by generating additional expenses and may result in additional taxable income
for its shareholders.
2
Benchmark
The Funds benchmark is the Citigroup 3 Month Treasury Bill Index, which is an unmanaged index
of three-month U.S. Treasury bills.
Principal risks of investing in the Fund
The value of the Funds shares changes with the value of the Funds investments. Many factors
can affect this value, and you may lose money by investing in the Fund. Following is a brief
summary of the principal risks of an investment in the Fund. For a more complete discussion of
these risks, see Description of Principal Risks.
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Market RiskFixed Income Securities
Typically, the value of the Funds fixed income
securities will decline during periods of rising interest rates and/or widening of credit
spreads. Credit spreads may increase because of market perception of credit risk.
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Credit and Counterparty Risk
This is the risk that the issuer or guarantor of a fixed
income security, the counterparty to an over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives contract, or a
borrower of the Funds securities, will be unable or unwilling to make timely principal,
interest, or settlement payments, or otherwise to honor its obligations. To the extent that
the Fund uses OTC derivatives, including swap contracts with longer-term maturities, and as a
result has significant exposure to a single counterparty, this risk will be particularly
pronounced for the Fund.
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Derivatives Risk
The use of derivatives may involve risks different from, or potentially
greater than, risks associated with direct investments in securities and other assets.
Derivatives may increase other Fund risks, including market risk, liquidity risk, and credit
and counterparty risk, and their value may or may not correlate with the value of the relevant
underlying asset.
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Management Risk
This is the risk that the Manager may not achieve the Funds investment
objective. Management risk is particularly pronounced for the Fund because the Fund may
concentrate its investments in one or more sectors of the bond market.
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Large Shareholder Risk
This is the risk that the shareholders of the Fund, such as
institutional investors or other GMO Funds, will disrupt the Funds operations by purchasing
or redeeming Fund shares in large amounts and/or on a frequent basis.
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High Yield Risk
Below investment grade bonds (also known as junk bonds) may have
speculative characteristics, and changes in economic conditions or other circumstances are
more likely to lead to an issuers weakened capacity to make principal and interest payments
than is the case with investment grade bonds.
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Other principal risks of an investment in the Fund include
Non-Diversification Risk
(the Fund
is a non-diversified investment company and therefore a decline in the market value of a particular
security held by the Fund may affect the Funds performance more than if the Fund were
diversified),
Foreign Investment Risk
(the market prices of foreign securities may fluctuate more
rapidly and to a greater extent than those of U.S. securities, which may adversely affect the value
of the Funds foreign investments, with the Funds investments in emerging countries subject to
this risk to a greater extent),
Currency Risk
(risk that fluctuations in exchange rates may
adversely affect the U.S. dollar value of the Funds foreign currency holdings and investments
denominated in foreign currencies),
Liquidity Risk
(difficulty in selling Fund investments),
Leveraging Risk
(increased risks from use of derivatives),
Focused Investment Risk
(increased risk
from the Funds focusing investments in industries with high positive correlations to one another),
Market Disruption and Geopolitical Risk
(the risk that geopolitical events may disrupt securities
3
markets and adversely affect global economies and markets generally), and
Fund of Funds Risk
(risk that the GMO Funds in which the Fund invests will not perform as expected).
Performance
Because the Fund has not yet completed a full calendar year of operations as of the date of
this Prospectus, performance information for the Fund is not included.
Fees and expenses
The table below shows, for each class of shares, the expected cost of investing in the Fund.
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Annual Fund operating expenses
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(expenses that are paid from Fund assets as a percentage of average
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daily net assets)
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Class III
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Class VI
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Management fee
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0.25
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%
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0.25
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%
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Shareholder service fee
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0.15
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%
1
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0.055
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%
1
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Other expenses
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0.24
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%
2,3
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0.24
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%
2,3
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Total annual operating expenses
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0.64
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%
2
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0.55
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%
2
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Expense reimbursement/waiver
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(0.24
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%)
1,2,4
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(0.24
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%)
1,2,4
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Net annual expenses
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0.40
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%
2
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0.31
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%
2
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1
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The Manager will waive the Funds shareholder service fee to the extent that the
aggregate of any direct and indirect shareholder service fees borne by the Fund exceed the
applicable shareholder service fee set forth in the table above; provided, however, that the amount
of this waiver will not exceed the applicable shareholder service fee set forth in the table above.
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2
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The amounts indicated above represent an annualized estimate of the Funds operating
expenses for its initial fiscal year.
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3
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Other expenses reflect the aggregate of estimated direct expenses associated with
an investment in the Fund and the estimated indirect net expenses associated with the Funds
investment in certain other pooled investment vehicles (the underlying funds). Amounts do not
include expenses associated with investments in the securities of unaffiliated issuers unless such
issuers hold themselves out to be investment companies. Net fees and expenses of underlying funds
are estimated to be less than 0.01%.
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4
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The Manager has contractually agreed to reimburse the Fund through at least June 30,
2010 to the extent the Funds total annual operating expenses (excluding shareholder service fees,
investment-related costs, and other expenses described on page 13 of this Prospectus (collectively,
Excluded Fund Fees and Expenses)) exceed 0.25% of the Funds average daily net assets. In
addition, the Manager has contractually agreed to reimburse the Fund through at least June 30, 2010
to the extent that the sum of (a) the Funds total annual operating expenses (excluding Excluded
Fund Fees and Expenses) and (b) the amount of fees and expenses incurred indirectly by the Fund
through its investment in GMO U.S. Treasury Fund (excluding GMO U.S. Treasury Funds Excluded Fund
Fees and Expenses) exceeds 0.25% of the Funds average daily net assets, subject to a maximum total
reimbursement to the Fund equal to 0.25% of the Funds average daily net assets.
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Example
This example helps you compare the cost of investing in the Fund (including direct expenses
and indirect expenses of the underlying funds) with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.
The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated, regardless
of whether or not you redeem your shares at the end of such periods. The example also assumes that
your investment has a 5% return each year, that the Funds operating expenses remain the same as
shown in the table, and that all dividends and distributions are reinvested. Your actual costs may
be higher or lower.
4
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1 Year*
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3 Years
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Class III
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$
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41
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$
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181
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Class VI
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$
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32
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$
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152
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DESCRIPTION OF PRINCIPAL RISKS
Investing in mutual funds involves risk, including the risk that the Managers strategies and
techniques will fail to produce the desired results (see Management of the Fund for a description
of the Manager and Management Risk below for a more detailed discussion of this risk). The Fund
is subject to risks based on the types of investments in its portfolio and the investment
strategies it employs. Factors that may affect the Funds portfolio as a whole are called
principal risks and are summarized in this section. This summary describes the nature of these
principal risks and certain related risks, but is not intended to include every potential risk.
The Fund could be subject to additional risks because the types of investments made by the Fund may
change over time. The SAI includes more information about the Fund and its investments. You
should keep in mind that an investment in the Fund is not a bank deposit and therefore is not
insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency.
By itself, the Fund does not constitute a complete investment program.
MARKET RISK.
The Fund is subject to market risk, which is the risk of unfavorable changes
in the value of the securities owned by the Fund. General market risks associated with investments
in fixed income securities include the following:
Fixed Income Securities.
The value of the Funds fixed income investments (including bonds,
notes, synthetic debt instruments, and asset-backed securities) typically changes as interest rates
fluctuate. This kind of market risk, also called interest rate risk, is generally greater for
fixed income securities and portfolios with longer durations. Fixed income securities are also
subject to credit risk (see Credit and Counterparty Risk below) and, for foreign-currency
denominated instruments, currency risk (see Currency Risk below).
Interest rate risk relates to changes in a securitys value as a result of changes in interest
rates. The value of fixed-rate securities generally falls when interest rates rise, since
prospective interest payments exceed current payments; the opposite is true when interest rates
fall, since current investments have locked in a higher interest rate. The extent to which a
securitys value moves with interest rates is referred to as interest-rate duration, which can be
measured mathematically or empirically. Longer-maturity investments generally have longer
durations, as the investments fixed rate is locked in for longer. Floating-rate or adjustable-rate
securities, however, generally have short interest rate durations, since their interest rates are
not fixed but rather float up and down with the level of prevailing interest rates.
In addition, the value of inflation indexed bonds is expected to change in response to changes
in real interest rates. Their value typically will decline during periods of rising real interest
rates, and increase during periods of declining real interest rates. Real interest rates may not
fluctuate in the same manner as nominal interest rates. In certain interest rate environments, such
as when real interest rates are rising faster than nominal interest rates, the value of inflation
indexed bonds may decline more than the values of non-inflation indexed (or nominal) fixed income
bonds with similar maturities. There can be no assurance that the value of the Funds inflation
indexed bonds will be directly correlated to changes in nominal interest rates, and short-term
increases in inflation may lead to a decline in their value. Moreover, if the index measuring
inflation falls, the principal value of inflation indexed bond investments will be adjusted
downward, and, consequently, the interest payable on these investments (calculated with respect to
a smaller principal amount) will be reduced. The interest payments on these investments cannot be
5
known with certainty. Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for
inflation) is guaranteed in the case of U.S. Treasury inflation indexed bonds. For bonds that do
not provide a similar guarantee, however, the adjusted principal value of the bond repaid at
maturity may be less than the original principal.
An additional type of market risk exists for the Fund to the extent it invests in asset-backed
securities. Those securities may be backed by many types of assets, including pools of residential
and commercial mortgages, automobile loans, educational loans, home equity loans, or credit-card
receivables. They also may be backed by pools of corporate or sovereign bonds, bank loans made to
corporations, or a combination of these bonds and loans (commonly referred to as collateralized
debt obligations). Payment of interest on asset-backed securities and repayment of principal
largely depend on the cash flows generated by the underlying assets backing the securities. The
amount of market risk associated with asset-backed securities depends on many factors, including
the deal structure (i.e., determination as to the amount of underlying assets or other support
needed to produce the cash flows necessary to service interest and make principal payments), the
quality of the underlying assets, the level of credit support, if any, provided for the securities,
and the credit quality of the credit-support provider, if any. Asset-backed securities involve
risk of loss of principal if obligors of the underlying obligations default in payment of the
obligations and the defaulted obligations exceed the credit support. The underlying obligations,
in particular securities backed by pools of residential and commercial mortgages, also are subject
to unscheduled prepayment, particularly during periods of falling interest rates.
The value of an asset-backed security may depend on the servicing of its underlying asset and
is, therefore, subject to risks associated with the negligence or defalcation of its servicer. In
some circumstances, the mishandling of related documentation also may affect the rights of security
holders in and to the underlying collateral. The insolvency of entities that generate receivables
or that utilize the assets may result in a decline in the value of the underlying assets, as well
as costs and delays. The risks associated with asset-backed securities are particularly pronounced
for the Fund because it may hold a substantial portion of its assets in asset-backed securities.
The Fund also may be subject to risks related to holding asset-backed securities backed by
different types of consumer debt (e.g., credit-card receivables, automobile loans, educational
loans, and home equity loans). See Focused Investment Risk below for a discussion of these
risks.
The Fund also may invest in fixed income securities paying no interest, such as zero coupon,
principal-only and interest-only securities, and, to the extent it makes such investments, the Fund
will be exposed to additional market risk.
CREDIT AND COUNTERPARTY RISK.
This is the risk that the issuer or guarantor of a fixed
income security, the counterparty to an over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives contract, or a
borrower of the Funds securities will be unable or unwilling to make timely principal, interest,
or settlement payments or otherwise to honor its obligations.
Credit risk for fixed income securities is the risk that the issuer will be unable to make
scheduled contractual payments of principal and interest. The value of the Funds investments can
decline as a result of an issuers defaulting on its payment obligations or the markets
expectation of a default. The Fund is subject to varying degrees of risk that the issuers of the
fixed income securities in which it invests will have their credit ratings downgraded. Nearly all
fixed income securities are subject to some credit risk. The risk varies depending upon whether the
issuers of the securities are corporations or domestic or foreign governments or their
sub-divisions or instrumentalities and whether the particular note or other instrument held by the
Fund has a priority in payment of principal and interest. U.S. government securities are subject to
varying degrees of credit risk depending upon whether the securities are supported by the full
faith and credit of the United States, supported by the ability to borrow from the
6
U.S. Treasury, supported only by the credit of the issuing U.S. government agency,
instrumentality, or corporation, or otherwise supported by the United States. For example, issuers
of many types of U.S. government securities (e.g., the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation
(Freddie Mac), Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae), and Federal Home Loan
Banks), although chartered or sponsored by Congress, are not funded by Congressional
appropriations, and their fixed income securities are neither guaranteed nor insured by the U.S.
government. These securities are subject to more credit risk than U.S. government securities that
are supported by the full faith and credit of the United States (e.g., U.S. Treasury bonds).
Asset-backed securities, whose principal and interest payments are supported by pools of other
assets, such as credit-card receivables, automobile loans, and sub-prime mortgages, are subject to
further risks, including the risk that the obligors of the underlying assets default on their
obligations. See Market Risk Fixed Income Securities above for a discussion of these risks.
The obligations of issuers also are subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, and other laws affecting the
rights and remedies of creditors.
Credit risk is particularly pronounced for below investment grade securities (also known as
junk bonds), which are fixed income securities rated lower than Baa3 by Moodys, BBB- by S&P, or
securities unrated by Moodys or S&P that are determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality
to securities so rated. The sovereign debt of many foreign governments, including their
sub-divisions and instrumentalities, is below investment grade. Please see High Yield Risk below
for more information on the risks of investing in below investment grade bonds.
The Fund is exposed to counterparty risk to the extent it uses OTC derivatives (such as
forward foreign currency contracts and/or swap contracts, as described in Derivatives Risk below)
or lends its portfolio securities. The Fund also is exposed to counterparty risk to the extent it
uses repurchase agreements. There can be no assurance that a counterparty will meet its
obligations, especially during unusually adverse market conditions. If the counterparty defaults,
the Fund will have contractual remedies, but the Fund may be unable to enforce its contractual
rights. The Fund may be subject, in particular, to the creditworthiness of the contracts
counterparties because certain types of swap contracts have durations longer than six months (and,
in some cases, a number of years). Counterparty risk also may be more pronounced if a
counterpartys obligations are not secured by collateral, the Funds interest in collateral is not
perfected, or the instrument is not regularly marked-to-market. In addition, the Fund may have
significant exposure to a single counterparty as a result of its use of swaps and other OTC
derivatives.
HIGH YIELD RISK.
Because the Fund may invest up to 100% of its assets in below investment
grade bonds, otherwise known as junk bonds, the Fund is subject to high yield risk. Junk bonds
may be issued by companies which are highly leveraged, less creditworthy or financially distressed.
During periods of economic uncertainty and change, the market price of the Funds investments and
the Funds net asset value may be volatile. Although offering the potential for higher investment
returns, junk bonds often are less liquid than higher quality securities, their issuers ability to
make principal and interest payments is considered speculative, and they are more susceptible to
real or perceived adverse economic and competitive industry conditions. These securities are
subject to greater risk of loss, greater sensitivity to interest rate and economic changes,
valuation difficulties, and a potential lack of a secondary or public market for securities. The
market price of these securities can change suddenly and unexpectedly.
DERIVATIVES RISK.
The Fund may invest in derivatives, which are financial contracts whose
value depends on, or is derived from, the value of underlying assets, reference rates, or indices.
Derivatives may relate to securities, interest rates, currencies or currency exchange rates,
inflation rates, commodities, and related indices. The Fund may use derivatives for many purposes,
including hedging and as a substitute for direct investment in securities or other assets. The Fund
also may use derivatives as
7
a way to adjust its exposure to various securities, markets, and currencies without actually
having to sell existing investments and make new investments. This generally is done when the
adjustment is expected to be relatively temporary or in anticipation of selling Fund assets and
making new investments over time. The SAI contains a description of the various derivatives the
Fund may utilize.
The use of derivatives may involve risks different from, or potentially greater than, the
risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional assets. In
particular, the use of derivatives exposes the Fund to the risk that the counterparty to an OTC
derivatives contract will be unable or unwilling to make timely settlement payments or otherwise to
honor its obligations. OTC derivative contracts typically can be closed out only with the other
party to the contract. If the counterparty defaults, the Fund will have contractual remedies, but
there can be no assurance that the counterparty will meet its contractual obligations or that the
Fund will be able to enforce its contractual rights. For example, because the contract for each OTC
derivative is individually negotiated with a specific counterparty, the Fund is subject to the risk
that a counterparty may interpret contractual terms (e.g., the definition of default) differently
than the Fund. If that occurs, the cost and unpredictability of the legal proceedings required for
the Fund to enforce its contractual rights may lead it to decide not to pursue its claims against
the counterparty. The Fund, therefore, assumes the risk that it may be unable to obtain payments
the Manager believes are owed to it under OTC derivatives contracts or that those payments may be
delayed or made only after the Fund has incurred the costs of litigation. In addition, the Fund may
invest in derivatives as to which the counterpartys obligations are not secured by collateral
(e.g., foreign currency forwards; see Currency Risk below), that require collateral but in which
the Funds security interest is not perfected, or in which the derivative is not regularly
marked-to-market (e.g., certain OTC derivatives). When the counterparties obligations are not
secured by collateral, the Fund will be exposed to the risk of having limited recourse if a
counterparty defaults. Due to the nature of the Funds investments, the Fund may invest in
derivatives with a limited number of counterparties and events that affect the creditworthiness of
any of those counterparties may have a pronounced effect on the Fund.
Derivatives also are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in this section,
including market risk, liquidity risk, currency risk, and credit and counterparty risk. Since the
value of derivatives is calculated and derived from the value of other assets, instruments or
references, the derivatives may be improperly valued. Derivatives also involve the risk that
changes in their value may not correlate perfectly with the assets, rates, or indices they are
designed to hedge or closely track. The use of derivatives also may increase the taxes payable by
shareholders.
Suitable derivative transactions may not be available in all circumstances. For example, if a
counterparty or its affiliate is deemed to be an affiliate of the Fund, the Fund will not be
permitted to trade with that counterparty. In addition, the Manager may decide not to use
derivatives to hedge or otherwise reduce risk exposure.
In implementing the Funds investment program, the Manager may use a variety of
exchange-traded and OTC derivatives to create synthetic exposure to fixed income securities
(instead of directly investing in those securities), hedge the Funds foreign currency exposure
into the U.S. dollar, and/or achieve additional returns by investing in global interest rate,
currency, and/or emerging country debt markets. In particular, the Fund typically directly or
indirectly enters into various types of swap contracts, including credit default swaps, total
return swaps on fixed income securities or indices, and interest rate swaps. Swap contracts and
other OTC derivatives are highly susceptible to liquidity risk (see Liquidity Risk above) and
credit and counterparty risk (see Credit and Counterparty Risk below), and are subject to
documentation risks. Swap contracts and other OTC derivatives also involve the risk of mispricing
or improper valuation, and there can be no assurance that the pricing models employed by the Funds
third-party valuation services and/or the Manager will produce valuations that are reflective of
levels at which such swaps and OTC derivatives may actually be closed out or sold. This valuation
risk will be more
8
pronounced in cases where the Fund enters into swaps and OTC derivatives with specialized
terms because the value of those derivatives may in some cases be determined in part by reference
to similar derivatives with more standardized terms. Credit default swaps involve one party paying
another party for the right to receive a specified return in the event of a default by a third
party (e.g., a corporate (including asset-backed security) or sovereign issuer) on a particular
obligation. In addition, when as an alternative to purchasing bonds directly, the Fund uses credit
default swaps to obtain synthetic long exposure to a fixed income security such as a debt
instrument or index of debt instruments, the Fund is exposed to the risk that it will be required
to pay the notional value of the swap contract in the event of a default. There can be no assurance
that the Funds use of derivatives will be effective or will have the desired results.
CURRENCY RISK.
Currency risk is the risk that fluctuations in exchange rates may adversely
affect the U.S. dollar value of the Funds investments. Currency risk is particularly pronounced
for the Fund, which, for investment purposes, regularly acquires derivatives on foreign currencies
and takes active long and short currency positions through exchange-traded and OTC foreign currency
derivatives. Currency risk includes both the risk that currencies in which the Funds investments
are traded and/or in which the Fund receives income, or currencies in which the Fund has taken an
active investment position, will decline in value relative to the U.S. dollar. In the case of
hedging positions, currency risk includes the risk that the U.S. dollar will decline in value
relative to the foreign currency being hedged. Foreign currency exchange rates may fluctuate
significantly for many reasons, including changes in supply and demand in the foreign exchange
markets, actual or perceived changes in interest rates, intervention (or the failure to intervene)
by U.S. or foreign governments, central banks, or supranational agencies such as the International
Monetary Fund, and currency controls or other political developments in the U.S. or abroad.
The Fund may use derivatives to acquire a position in currencies whose value is expected to
correlate with the value of currencies the Fund owns, wants to own, or is exposed to through its
investments. This presents the risk that the exchange rates of the currencies involved may not
move in relation to one another as expected. In that case, the Fund could lose money on its
holding of a particular currency and also lose money on the derivative. The Fund may also take
active currency positions and hedge the currency exposure of the securities in which its has
invested. As a result, its currency exposure may differ (in some cases significantly) from the
currency exposure of those securities.
The Fund may be adversely affected by changes in the exchange rates of foreign currencies.
Foreign currency derivatives (such as futures, forwards, options and swaps) may involve leveraging
risk in addition to currency risk, as described below under Leveraging Risk. In addition,
consistent with industry practice, the obligations of counterparties in currency derivatives may
not be secured by collateral, which increases counterparty risk (see Credit and Counterparty Risk
below).
FOREIGN INVESTMENT RISK.
Because the Fund may invest in fixed income securities traded
principally in securities markets outside the United States, it is subject to additional and more
varied risks because the market prices of those securities may fluctuate more rapidly and to a
greater degree than those of U.S. securities. The securities markets of many foreign countries are
relatively small, involving securities of a limited number of companies in a small number of
industries. Additionally, issuers of foreign securities may not be subject to the same degree of
regulation as U.S. issuers. Reporting, accounting, and auditing standards of foreign countries
differ, in some cases significantly, from U.S. standards. Foreign portfolio transactions generally
involve higher commission rates, transfer taxes, and custodial costs, and holders of foreign
securities may be subject to foreign taxes on dividends and interest payable on those securities.
Also, for investments in lesser developed countries, nationalization, expropriation or confiscatory
taxation, adverse changes in investment, capital, or exchange control regulations (which may
include suspension of the ability to transfer currency from a country), political changes, or
diplomatic developments could adversely affect the Fund. In the event of a
9
nationalization, expropriation, or other confiscation, the Fund could lose its entire
investment in a foreign security.
In addition, because the Fund from time to time may invest a significant portion of its assets
in fixed income securities of issuers based in emerging countries, it is subject to greater foreign
investment risk than Funds investing primarily in more developed foreign countries. These risks
include: greater fluctuations in currency exchange rates; increased risk of default (including both
government and private issuers); greater social, economic, and political uncertainty and
instability (including the risk of war or natural disaster); greater governmental involvement in
the economy; less governmental supervision and regulation of the securities markets and
participants in those markets; controls on foreign investment, capital controls, and limitations on
repatriation of invested capital and on a Funds ability to exchange local currencies for U.S.
dollars; unavailability of currency hedging techniques; companies that are smaller and more
recently organized; differences in, or lack of, auditing and financial reporting standards and
resulting unavailability of material information about issuers; slower clearance and settlement;
difficulties in obtaining and/or enforcing legal judgments; and significantly smaller market
capitalizations of issuers.
NON-DIVERSIFICATION RISK.
Investing in securities of many different issuers can reduce
overall risk while investing in securities of a small number of issuers can increase it. The Fund
is not diversified within the meaning of the 1940 Act. This means that the Fund is allowed to
invest in the securities of a relatively small number of issuers and/or foreign currencies. As a
result, it may be subject to greater credit, market, and other risks than if the Fund were
diversified.
LIQUIDITY RISK.
The Fund is exposed to liquidity risk when low trading volume, lack of a
market maker, a large position, or legal restrictions limit the Funds ability to sell particular
securities or close out derivative positions at an advantageous price. Because the Funds principal
investment strategy involves the use of derivatives and investments in foreign securities and
securities with substantial market and/or credit risk, it has a greater exposure to liquidity risk
than if it did not make these types of investments. These types of investments, including
derivatives, are more likely to be fair valued (see Determination of Net Asset Value). The Fund
also may be exposed to liquidity risk when it has an obligation to purchase particular securities
(e.g., as a result of entering into reverse repurchase agreements or closing out a short position).
Liquidity risk is particularly pronounced for the Fund, which may from time to time invest a
substantial portion of its assets in sovereign debt of emerging countries that typically is less
liquid than the debt securities in its benchmark.
LEVERAGING RISK.
The Funds use of reverse repurchase agreements and other derivatives may
cause its portfolio to be leveraged. Leverage increases the Funds portfolio losses when the value
of its investments declines. The Funds portfolio may be leveraged temporarily if it borrows money
to meet redemption requests and/or to settle investment transactions.
The Fund is not limited in the extent to which it may use derivatives. As a result, its net
long exposure may exceed 100% of its assets.
LARGE SHAREHOLDER RISK
. To the extent that shares of the Fund are held by large
shareholders (e.g., institutional investors or asset allocation funds), the Fund is subject to the
risk that these shareholders will purchase or redeem Fund shares in large amounts and/or on a
frequent basis. These transactions will affect the Fund, since it may have to sell portfolio
securities in order to satisfy redemption requests or purchase portfolio securities to invest cash.
This risk will be particularly pronounced if one shareholder owns a substantial portion of the
Fund. These transactions may adversely
10
affect the Funds performance to the extent that the Fund is required to sell investments or
invest cash at times when it would not otherwise do so. These transactions also may accelerate the
realization of taxable income to shareholders if such sales of investments resulted in gains, and
also may increase transaction costs. These transactions potentially limit the use of any capital
loss carry forwards to offset future net realized gains and may limit or prevent the Funds ability
to use tax equalization.
FOCUSED INVESTMENT RISK.
Funds whose investments are focused in particular countries,
regions, bond sectors, or companies or in industries with high positive correlations to one another
(e.g., different industries within broad sectors, such as technology or financial services) are
subject to greater overall risk than funds whose investments are more diversified. Therefore, those
funds should only be considered as part of a diversified portfolio that includes other investments.
A fund that focuses investments in securities of issuers in a particular sector or industry
may be especially vulnerable to events affecting issuers in that sector or industry because those
issuers may share common characteristics, are often subject to similar business risks and
regulatory burdens, and often react similarly to specific economic, market, political, or other
developments.
MANAGEMENT RISK
. The Fund is subject to management risk because it relies on the Managers
ability to achieve its investment objective. Management risk is pronounced for the Fund because
the Fund may concentrate its investments in a particular bond sector, and the Managers outlook on
that sector may not match performance of the overall bond market. The Manager uses proprietary
investment techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions for the Fund, but there can
be no assurance that the Manager will achieve the desired results. The Manager, for example, may
fail to use derivatives effectively, choosing to hedge or not to hedge positions at disadvantageous
times. The Fund generally does not attempt to time the market and instead generally stays fully
invested in the asset classes in which it is permitted to invest. The Fund may buy securities not
included in its benchmark, hold securities in very different proportions than its benchmark, and/or
engage in other strategies that cause the Funds performance to differ from that of its benchmark.
In those cases, the Funds performance will depend on the ability of the Manager to choose
securities that perform better than securities that are included in the benchmark and/or to utilize
those other strategies in a way that adds value relative to the benchmark.
MARKET DISRUPTION AND GEOPOLITICAL RISK.
The Fund is subject to the risk that geopolitical
events may disrupt securities markets and adversely affect global economies and markets generally.
The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have had a substantial effect on economies and securities markets
in the U.S. and worldwide. Terrorism in the U.S. and around the world has had a similar global
impact and has increased geopolitical risk. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 resulted
in the closure of some U.S. securities markets for four days, and similar future events are
possible. War, terrorism, and related geopolitical events have led, and in the future may lead, to
increased short-term market volatility and may have adverse long-term effects on U.S. and world
economies and markets generally. Those events as well as other changes in foreign and domestic
economic and political conditions also could adversely affect individual issuers or related groups
of issuers, securities markets, interest rates, credit ratings, inflation, investor sentiment, and
other factors affecting the value of the Funds investments. At such times, the Funds exposure to
the risks described elsewhere in this section, including market risk, liquidity risk, and credit
and counterparty risk, can increase.
The value of the Funds investments may be adversely affected by acts of terrorism and other
changes in foreign and domestic economic and political conditions. In addition, market disruptions
might prevent the Fund from implementing its investment program for a period of time.
11
FUND OF FUNDS RISK AND RELATED CONSIDERATIONS
. A Fund that invests in shares of other GMO
Funds is exposed to the risk that the underlying GMO Funds will not perform as expected. The Fund
is also indirectly exposed to all of the risks applicable to an investment in the underlying GMO
Funds. Because the Manager receives fees from the underlying GMO Funds, the Manager has a
financial incentive to invest the assets of the GMO Funds that do not themselves charge a
management fee in underlying GMO Funds with higher fees. The Manager is legally obligated to
disregard that incentive when making investment decisions. In addition, Funds that invest in
shares of other GMO Funds also are likely to be subject to Large Shareholder Risk because
underlying GMO Funds are more likely to have large shareholders (i.e., other GMO Funds).
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
GMO, 40 Rowes Wharf, Boston, Massachusetts 02110 provides investment advisory services to the
Fund and the GMO Funds. GMO is a private company, founded in 1977. As of December 31, 2008, GMO
managed on a worldwide basis more than $79 billion for the GMO Funds and institutional investors
such as pension plans, endowments, and foundations.
Subject to the approval of the Trustees, the Manager establishes and modifies when necessary
the investment strategies of the Fund. In addition to its management and shareholder services to
the Fund, the Manager administers the Funds business affairs.
Each class of shares of the Fund pays the Manager a shareholder service fee for providing
direct client service and reporting, such as performance information reporting, client account
information, personal and electronic access to Fund information, access to analysis and
explanations of Fund reports, and assistance in maintaining and correcting client-related
information.
The Manager receives a management fee from the Fund as compensation for services rendered to
the Fund. The Fund will commence operations on or following the date of this Prospectus, and,
therefore, the Fund has not yet paid the Manager a management fee. However, once the Fund
commences operations, it will pay to the Manager a management fee at the annual rate of 0.25% of
the Funds average daily net assets.
A discussion of the basis for the Trustees approval of the Funds initial investment
management contract will be included in the Funds initial shareholder report.
GMOs Asset Allocation Division is responsible for overall investment management and strategic
direction of the Fund. GMOs Fixed Income Division is responsible for day-to-day management of the
Fund. Each Divisions investment professionals work collaboratively to manage the Funds
portfolio, and no one person is primarily responsible for day-to-day management of the Fund.
Ben Inker is the senior member and director of the Asset Allocation Division. Mr. Inker has
been a senior member of the Division since 1996. As senior member and director of the Division,
Mr. Inker allocates responsibility for portions of the Funds portfolio to members of the Division,
oversees the implementation of trades, reviews the overall composition of the portfolio, including
compliance with its stated investment objective and strategies, and monitors cash.
William Nemerever and Thomas Cooper are the senior members and co-directors of the Fixed
Income Division. Each has been a senior member of the Division since 1993. As senior members and
co-directors, Mr. Nemerever and Mr. Cooper jointly allocate responsibility for portions of the
Funds
12
portfolio to members of the Division, oversee the implementation of trades, review the overall
composition of the portfolio, including compliance with its stated investment objective and
strategies, and monitor cash.
Mr. Nemerever and Mr. Cooper have been jointly responsible for overseeing the portfolio
management of GMOs global fixed income portfolios since 1993. In general, Mr. Nemerever focuses
on investment strategy, while Mr. Cooper focuses on instrument selection.
The SAI contains other information about how GMO determines the compensation of the senior
members, other accounts they manage and related conflicts, and their ownership of the Fund.
Custodian, Transfer Agent, and Fund Accounting Agent
State Street Bank and Trust Company, One Lincoln Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, serves
as the Funds custodian, transfer agent, and fund accounting agent.
Expense Reimbursement
As more fully described in the Funds Annual Fund operating expenses table under the caption
Fees and expenses, the Manager has contractually agreed to reimburse the Fund for a portion of
its expenses through at least June 30, 2010. As used in this Prospectus, Excluded Fund Fees and
Expenses means shareholder service fees, fees and expenses of the independent Trustees of the
Trust, fees and expenses for legal services not approved by the Manager for the Trust, compensation
and expenses of the Trusts Chief Compliance Officer (excluding any employee benefits), brokerage
commissions, securities-lending fees and expenses, interest expense, transfer taxes, and other
investment-related costs (including expenses associated with investments in any company that is an
investment company or would be an investment company under the 1940 Act, but for the exceptions to
the definition of investment company provided in Sections 3(c)(1) and 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act),
hedging transaction fees, extraordinary, non-recurring and certain other unusual expenses
(including taxes).
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
The net asset value or NAV of each class of shares of the Fund is determined as of the close
of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), generally at 4:00 p.m. Eastern time.
The Funds NAV per share for a class of shares is determined by dividing the total value of the
Funds portfolio investments and other assets, less any liabilities, allocated to that share class
by the total number of Fund shares outstanding for that class. The Fund will not determine its NAV
on any day when the NYSE is closed for business. The Fund will not be valued (and accordingly
transactions in shares of the Fund will not be processed) on days when the U.S. bond markets are
closed. The Fund also may elect not determine the NAV of its classes on days during which no share
is tendered for redemption and no order to purchase or sell a share is received by the Fund.
The value of the Funds investments is generally determined as follows:
Exchange listed securities
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Last sale price or
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Official closing price or
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Most recent bid price (if no reported sale or official closing price) or
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13
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Broker bid (if the private market is more relevant in determining market value than
the exchange), based on where the securities are principally traded and their intended
disposition
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(Also, see discussion in Fair Value Pricing below regarding foreign equity securities.)
Unlisted securities (if market quotations are readily available)
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Most recent quoted bid price
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Note: There can be no assurance that brokers will continue to provide bid prices as the
credit markets continue to experience uncertainty. If quotes are not used, the Fund would value
the relevant assets at fair value as described below.
Certain debt obligations (if less than sixty days remain until maturity)
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Amortized cost (unless circumstances dictate otherwise; for example, if the issuers
creditworthiness has become impaired)
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All other fixed income securities and options on those securities (except for options written by
the Fund)
(includes bonds, loans, structured notes)
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Most recent bid supplied by a primary pricing source chosen by the Manager
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Options written by the Fund
Shares of other open-end registered investment companies
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NAV at the time of valuation of shares of the investing Fund
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Fair Value Pricing
For all other assets and securities, including derivatives, and in cases where market prices
are not readily available or circumstances render an existing methodology or procedure unreliable,
the Funds investments will be valued at fair value, as determined in good faith by the Trustees
or pursuant to procedures approved by the Trustees.
With respect to the Funds use of fair value pricing, you should note the following:
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In certain cases, a significant percentage of the Funds assets may be
fair valued. The value of assets that are fair valued is determined by the
Trustees or persons acting at their direction pursuant to procedures approved by
the Trustees. Some of the factors that may be considered in determining fair
value are the value of other financial instruments traded on other markets,
trading volumes, changes in interest rates, observations from financial
institutions, significant events (which may be considered to include changes in the
value of U.S. securities or securities indices) that occur after the close of the
relevant market and before the time that the Funds net asset value is calculated,
and other news events. Although the goal of fair valuation is to determine the
amount the owner of the securities might reasonably expect to receive upon their
current sale, because of the subjective and variable nature of fair value pricing,
the value
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determined for a particular security may be materially different than the value
realized upon its sale.
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4
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Many foreign equity securities markets and exchanges close prior to the
close of the NYSE, and, therefore, the closing prices for foreign securities in
those markets or on those exchanges do not reflect events that occur after they
close but before the close of the NYSE. As a result, the Trust has adopted fair
value pricing procedures that, among other things, generally require that the
Funds foreign equity securities be valued by third-party vendors using fair value
prices based on modeling tools.
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The values of foreign securities quoted in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars
generally at 4:00 p.m. Eastern time at then current exchange rates or at such other rates as the
Trustees or persons acting at their direction may determine in computing net asset value.
The Manager evaluates primary pricing sources from time to time, and may change any pricing
source at any time. However, the Manager does not normally evaluate the prices supplied by the
pricing sources on a day-to-day basis. The Manager is kept informed of erratic or unusual
movements (including unusual inactivity) in the prices supplied for a security and may in its
discretion override a price supplied by a source (e.g., by taking a price supplied from another)
when the Manager believes that the price supplied is not reliable. Certain securities held by the
Fund may be valued on the basis of a price provided by a principal market maker. Prices provided by
principal market makers may vary from the value that would be realized if the securities were sold,
and the differences could be material to the Fund. In addition, because the Fund may hold
portfolio securities listed on foreign exchanges that trade on days on which the NYSE or the U.S.
bond markets are closed, the net asset value of the Funds shares may change significantly on days
when shares cannot be redeemed.
NAME POLICY
The Fund will not change its Name Policy without providing its shareholders at least 60 days
prior written notice. When used in connection with the Funds Name Policy, assets include the
Funds net assets plus any borrowings made for investment purposes.
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS
The Fund has established a policy with respect to disclosure of its portfolio holdings. That
policy is described in the SAI. The largest fifteen portfolio holdings of certain GMO Funds are
posted monthly on GMOs website and are available to shareholders without a confidentiality
agreement. Additional information regarding the Funds portfolio holdings as of each months end
is made available to shareholders of the Trust, qualified potential shareholders as determined by
GMO (potential shareholders), and their consultants or agents through a secured link on GMOs
website approximately five days after month end. Periodically, in response to heightened market
interest in specific issuers, the Funds holdings in one or more issuers may be made available on a
more frequent basis to shareholders of the Trust, potential shareholders, and their consultants or
agents through a secured link on GMOs website. This information may be posted as soon as the
business day following the date to which the information relates.
To access this information on GMOs website (http://www.gmo.com/america/strategies),
shareholders, potential shareholders, and their consultants and agents must contact GMO to obtain a
password and user name (to the extent they do not already have them) and enter into a
confidentiality agreement with GMO and the Trust that permits the information to be used only for
purposes determined by senior management of GMO to be in the best interest of the shareholders of
the Fund to which the
15
information relates. Beneficial owners of shares of the Fund who have invested in the Fund
through a broker or agent should contact that broker or agent for information on how to obtain
access to information on the website regarding the Funds portfolio holdings.
The Fund or GMO may suspend the posting of the portfolio holdings, and the Fund may modify the
disclosure policy, without notice to shareholders. Once posted, the Funds portfolio holdings will
remain available on the website at least until the Fund files a Form N-CSR (annual/semiannual
report) or Form N-Q (quarterly schedule of portfolio holdings) for the period that includes the
date of those holdings.
HOW TO PURCHASE SHARES
Under ordinary circumstances, you may purchase the Funds shares directly from the Trust when
the NYSE is open for business. In addition, certain brokers and agents are authorized to accept
purchase and redemption orders on the Funds behalf. These brokers and agents may impose
transaction fees and/or other restrictions (in addition to those described in this Prospectus) for
purchasing Fund shares through them. For instructions on purchasing shares, call the Trust at
1-617-346-7646, send an e-mail to SHS@GMO.com, or contact your broker or agent. The Trust will not
accept a purchase request unless a completed GMO Trust Application, and an IRS Form W-9 (for U.S.
shareholders) or the appropriate IRS Form W-8 (for foreign shareholders) with a correct taxpayer
identification number (if required), is on file with GMO and deemed to be in good order as
determined by the Funds withholding agent. Please consult your tax advisor to ensure all tax
forms provided to the Trust are completed properly and in good order.
Purchase Policies
.
You must submit a purchase request in good order to avoid having it
rejected by the Trust or its agent. In general, a purchase request is in good order if it
includes:
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The name and/or CUSIP number of the Fund being purchased;
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The U.S. dollar amount of the shares to be purchased;
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The date on which the purchase is to be made (subject to receipt prior
to the close of regular trading on that date);
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The name and/or the account number (if any) set forth with sufficient
clarity to avoid ambiguity;
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The signature of an authorized signatory as identified in the GMO Trust
Application; and
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Payment in full (by check, wire, or, when approved, securities) received
by an agent of the Trust by 4:00 p.m. Eastern time or the close of the
NYSE, whichever is earlier.
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4
If payment is not received prior to the close of regular trading
on the intended purchase date, the request may be rejected unless
prior arrangements have been approved by GMO for later payment.
All investments are made at the net asset value per share next determined after a purchase
request in good order is received by the Fund. In other words, if the purchase request is received
in good order by
16
the Trust or its agent prior to the close of regular trading on the NYSE (generally 4:00 p.m.
Eastern time), the purchase price for the Fund shares to be purchased is the net asset value per
share determined on that day. If the good order purchase request is received after the close of
regular trading on the NYSE, the purchase price for the Fund shares to be purchased is the net
asset value per share determined on the next business day that the NYSE and the U.S. bond markets
are open. Good order purchase requests that are received on days when the U.S. bond markets are
closed will be processed at the price determined as of the close of the following business day.
To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, federal
law requires the Trust to verify identifying information provided by you in your GMO Trust
Application. Additional identifying documentation also may be required. If the Trust is unable to
verify the information shortly after your account is opened, the account may be closed and your
shares redeemed at their net asset value at the time of the redemption.
The Trust and its agents reserve the right to reject any purchase order. In addition, without
notice, the Fund in its sole discretion may temporarily or permanently suspend sales of its shares
to new investors and, in some circumstances, existing shareholders.
Minimum investment amounts (by class) are set forth in the table on page 22 of this
Prospectus. No minimum additional investment is required to purchase additional shares of a class
of the Fund. The Trust may waive initial minimums for some investors.
Funds advised or sub-advised by GMO (Top Funds) may purchase shares of the Fund after the
close of regular trading on the NYSE (the Cut-off Time) and receive the current days price if
the following conditions are met: (i) the Top Fund received a purchase request prior to the
Cut-off Time on that day; and (ii) the purchases by the Top Funds of shares of the Fund are
executed pursuant to an allocation predetermined by GMO prior to that days Cut-off Time.
Submitting Your Purchase Order Form
.
Completed purchase order forms can be submitted by
mail
or by
facsimile
or other form of communication pre-approved by Shareholder Services to the Trust
at:
GMO Trust
c/o Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co. LLC
40 Rowes Wharf
Boston, Massachusetts 02110
Facsimile: 1-617-439-4192
Attention: Shareholder Services
Call the Trust at 1-617-346-7646 or send an e-mail to SHS@GMO.com
to confirm good order
receipt and acceptance
of your purchase order form. Do not send cash, checks, or securities
directly to the Trust. Purchase requests submitted by mail are received by the Trust when
actually delivered to the Trust or its agent. Purchase requests delivered by facsimile are
received by the Trust when such facsimile is actually received by the Trust or its agent.
Funding Your Investment
. You may purchase shares:
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with cash (via wire transfer or check)
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By wire
. Instruct your bank to wire the amount of your investment to:
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State Street Bank and Trust Company, Boston, Massachusetts
ABA#: 011000028
Attn: Transfer Agent
Credit: GMO Deposit Account 00330902
Further credit: GMO Asset Allocation Bond Fund/Account name and number
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By check
. All checks must be made payable to the Fund or to GMO Trust.
The Trust will not accept checks payable to a third party that have been endorsed
by the payee to the Trust. Mail checks to:
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By U.S. Postal Service:
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By Overnight Courier:
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State Street Bank and Trust Company
Transfer Agency/GMO
P.O. Box 642
Mail Code JHT2920
Boston, MA 02117-0642
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State Street Bank and Trust Company
Attn: Transfer Agency/GMO
200 Clarendon Street
29th Floor-Mail Code JHT2920
Boston, MA 02116
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in exchange for securities acceptable to the Manager
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securities must be approved by the Manager prior to transfer to the Fund
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securities will be valued as set forth under Determination of Net Asset Value
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by a combination of cash and securities
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Frequent Trading Activity.
As a matter of policy, the Trust will not honor requests for
purchases or exchanges by shareholders identified as engaging in frequent trading strategies,
including market timing, that could be harmful to the Fund and its shareholders. Frequent trading
strategies are generally strategies that involve repeated exchanges and/or purchases and
redemptions (or redemptions and purchases) within a short period of time. Frequent trading
strategies may be disruptive to the efficient management of the Fund, materially increase portfolio
transaction costs and taxes, dilute the value of shares held by long-term investors, or otherwise
be harmful to the Fund and its shareholders.
The Trustees have adopted procedures designed to detect and prevent frequent trading activity
that is harmful to the GMO Funds and their shareholders (the Procedures). The Procedures include
the fair valuation of foreign securities, periodic surveillance of trading in shareholder accounts,
inquiry as to the nature of trading activity, and, if GMO determines that frequent trading is
occurring in an account that has the potential to be harmful to the Fund or its shareholders,
prevention measures, including suspension of a shareholders exchange and purchase privileges.
There is no assurance that the Procedures will be effective in all instances. The Fund will not
automatically redeem shares that are the subject of a rejected exchange request. The Fund reserve
the right to reject any order or terminate the sale of Fund shares through a particular
intermediary at any time.
Each of the Procedures does not apply to all GMO Funds or all Fund trading activity. The
application of the Procedures is dependent upon: (1) whether the Fund imposes purchase premiums
and/or redemption fees, (2) the nature of the Funds investment program, including its typical cash
positions and/or whether it invests in foreign securities, and (3) whether GMO has investment
discretion over the purchase, exchange, or redemption activity. Although GMO may not take
affirmative steps to detect frequent trading for the Fund, GMO will not honor requests for
purchases or exchanges by shareholders
18
identified as engaging in frequent trading strategies that GMO determines could be harmful to
the Fund and its shareholders.
In addition, shares of the Fund may be distributed through financial intermediaries that
submit aggregate or net purchase and redemption orders through omnibus accounts. These omnibus
accounts often by nature engage in frequent transactions due to the daily trading activity of their
participants. Because transactions by omnibus accounts often take place on a net basis, GMOs
ability to detect and prevent frequent trading strategies within those accounts may be limited. A
financial intermediary may agree to monitor for and restrict frequent trading in accordance with
the Procedures. In addition, the Fund may rely on a financial intermediary to monitor for and/or
restrict frequent trading in accordance with the intermediarys policies and procedures in lieu of
the Procedures if GMO believes that the financial intermediarys policies and procedures are
reasonably designed to detect and prevent frequent trading activity that GMO would consider harmful
to the Fund and its shareholders. Shareholders who own Fund shares through an intermediary should
consult the disclosure provided by that shareholders intermediary for information regarding its
frequent trading policies that may apply to that shareholders account.
HOW TO REDEEM SHARES
Under ordinary circumstances, you may redeem the Funds shares when the NYSE is open for
business. Redemption requests should be submitted directly to the Trust unless the Fund shares to
be redeemed were purchased through a broker or agent, in which case the redemption request should
be initiated through that broker or agent. The broker or agent may impose transaction fees and/or
other restrictions (in addition to those described in this Prospectus) for redeeming Fund shares
through it. For instructions on redeeming shares, call the Trust at 1-617-346-7646, send an e-mail
to SHS@GMO.com, or contact your broker or agent. The Trust may take up to seven days to remit
proceeds.
Redemption Policies
.
You must submit a redemption request in good order to avoid having it
rejected by the Trust or its agent. In general, a redemption request is in good order if it
includes:
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The name and/or CUSIP number of the Fund being redeemed;
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The number of shares or the dollar amount of the shares to be redeemed;
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The date on which the redemption is to be made (subject to receipt prior
to the close of regular trading on that date);
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The name and/or the account number set forth with sufficient clarity to
avoid ambiguity;
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The signature of an authorized signatory as identified in the GMO Trust
Application or subsequent authorized signers list; and
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Wire instructions or registration address that match the wire
instructions or registration address (as applicable) on file at GMO or
confirmation from an authorized signatory that the wire instructions are
valid.
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If the redemption request is received in good order by the Trust or its agent prior to the
close of regular trading on the NYSE (generally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time), the redemption price for
the Fund shares to be redeemed is the net asset value per share determined on that day. If the good
order redemption request is received after the close of regular trading on the NYSE, the redemption
price for the Fund shares to be redeemed is the net asset value per share determined on the next
business day that the U.S.
19
bond markets are open unless an authorized person on the account has instructed GMO
Shareholder Services in writing to defer the redemption to another day. Redemption requests that
are received on days when the U.S. bond markets are closed will be processed at the price
determined as of the close of the following business day. If you have instructed GMO Shareholder
Services to defer the redemption to another day, an authorized person on the account may revoke
your redemption request in writing at any time prior to 4:00 p.m. Eastern time on the redemption
date. In the event of a disaster affecting Boston, Massachusetts, please contact GMO to confirm
good order receipt of your redemption request.
Failure to provide the Trust with a properly authorized redemption request or otherwise
satisfy the Trust as to the validity of any change to the wire instructions or registration address
will result in a delay in processing a redemption request, delay in remittance of redemption
proceeds, or a rejection of the redemption request.
If the Manager determines, in its sole discretion, that a redemption payment wholly or partly
in cash would be detrimental to the best interests of the remaining shareholders, the Fund may pay
the redemption proceeds in whole or in part with securities held by the Fund instead of cash.
If a redemption is paid in cash:
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payment generally will be made by means of federal funds transfer to the bank
account designated in a recordable format by an authorized signatory in the GMO Trust
Application to purchase the Fund shares being redeemed
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4
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designation of one or more additional bank accounts or any change in
the bank accounts originally designated in the GMO Trust Application must be made
in writing by an authorized signatory according to the procedures in the GMO Trust
Redemption Order Form
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upon request, payment will be made by check mailed to the registration address
(unless another address is specified according to the procedures in the GMO Trust
Redemption Order Form).
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If a redemption is paid with securities, it is important for you to note:
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securities used to redeem Fund shares will be valued as set forth under
Determination of Net Asset Value
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securities distributed by the Fund will be selected by the Manager in light of the
Funds objective and may not represent a pro rata distribution of each security held in
the Funds portfolio
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you may incur brokerage charges on the sale of any securities received as a result
of an in-kind redemption
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in-kind redemptions generally are treated by shareholders for tax purposes the same
as redemptions paid in cash
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in-kind redemptions will be transferred and delivered by the Trust as directed in
writing by an authorized person.
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The Fund may suspend the right of redemption and may postpone payment for more than seven
days:
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if the NYSE or the U.S. bond markets are closed on days other than weekends or
holidays
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during periods when trading on the NYSE is restricted
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during an emergency which makes it impracticable for the Fund to dispose of its
securities or to fairly determine the net asset value of the Fund
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during any other period permitted by the Securities and Exchange Commission for your
protection.
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Pursuant to the Trusts Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, the Trust has
the right to redeem Fund shares held by a shareholder unilaterally at any time if at that time:
(i) the shares of the Fund or a class held by the shareholder have an aggregate net asset value of
less than an amount determined from time to time by the Trustees; or (ii) the shares of the Fund or
a class held by the shareholder exceed a percentage of the outstanding shares of the Fund or a
class determined from time to time by the Trustees. The Trustees have authorized GMO in its sole
discretion to redeem shares held by certain shareholders to prevent the shareholder from becoming
an affiliated person of the Fund.
Top Funds may redeem shares of the Fund after the Cut-off Time and receive the current days
price if the following conditions are met: (i) the Top Fund received a redemption request prior to
the Cut-off Time on that day; and (ii) the redemption of the shares of the Fund is executed
pursuant to an allocation predetermined by GMO prior to that days Cut-off Time.
Submitting Your Redemption Request
.
Redemption requests can be submitted by
mail
or by
facsimile
to the Trust at the address/facsimile number set forth under How to Purchase Shares -
Submitting Your Purchase Order Form. Redemption requests submitted by mail are received by the
Trust when actually delivered to the Trust or its agent. Call the Trust at 1-617-346-7646 or send
an e-mail to SHS@GMO.com to
confirm good order receipt and acceptance
of redemption requests.
21
MULTIPLE CLASSES
The Fund offers multiple classes of shares. The sole economic difference among the various
classes of shares described in this Prospectus is the shareholder service fee they bear for client
and shareholder service, reporting and other support. Differences in the fee reflects the fact
that, as the size of a client relationship increases, the cost to service that client decreases as
a percentage of the assets in that account. Thus, the shareholder service fee generally is lower
for classes requiring greater minimum total investment under GMOs management.
Minimum Investment Criteria for Class III Eligibility
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Minimum Total Fund
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Minimum Total
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Shareholder Service Fee
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Investment
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Investment
1
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(as a % of average daily net assets)
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Class III Shares
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NA
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$10 million
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0.15
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%
2
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Minimum Investment Criteria for Class VI Eligibility
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Minimum Total
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Investment
including
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Minimum Total Fund
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Minimum Fund
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Shareholder Service Fee
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Investment
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Investment
1
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(as a % of average daily net assets)
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Class VI Shares
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$300 million
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$750 million (
including
$35 million in Fund)
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0.055
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%
2
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1
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The eligibility requirements in the table above are subject to certain exceptions and
special rules for certain plan investors investing through financial intermediaries and for
certain clients with continuous client relationships with GMO since May 31, 1996. See
discussion immediately following these tables for more information about these exceptions
and special rules.
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2
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The Manager will waive the Funds shareholder service fee to the extent that the
aggregate of any direct and indirect shareholder service fees borne by a class of shares of
the Fund exceeds the applicable shareholder service fee set forth in the relevant table
above; provided, however, that the amount of this waiver will not exceed the applicable
shareholder service fee set forth in the relevant table above.
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Eligibility to purchase different classes of the Fund shares depends on the clients meeting
either (i) the minimum Total Fund Investment set forth in the above table, which includes only a
clients total investment in the Fund, or (ii) the minimum Total Investment set forth in the
above table, calculated as described below; provided that clients who qualify for Class VI Shares
of the Fund as a result of satisfying the minimum Total Investment requirement for the class also
may be required to make a minimum investment in the Fund as set forth in the above table.
A clients Total Investment equals the market value of all the clients assets managed by GMO
and its affiliates (1) at the time of initial investment, (2) at close of business on the last
business day of each calendar quarter, or (3) at other times as determined by the Manager (each, a
Determination Date).
Upon request GMO may permit a client to undertake in writing to meet the applicable Total Fund
Investment or Total Investment over a specified period. If the clients goal is not met by the time
specified in the letter (the Commitment Date), the client will be converted on the next
Determination Date to the class of shares for which the client satisfied all minimum investment
requirements as of the Commitment Date.
You should note:
22
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No minimum additional investment is required to purchase additional shares of
the Fund for any class of shares.
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The Manager will make all determinations as to the aggregation of client
accounts for purposes of determining eligibility. See the SAI for a discussion of
factors the Manager considers relevant when making aggregation determinations.
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Eligibility requirements for each class of shares are subject to change upon
notice to shareholders.
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The Trust may waive eligibility requirements for certain accounts or special
situations (e.g., funds that invest in GMO Funds may invest in the least expensive
class of those GMO Funds in operation at the time of investment).
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All investments by defined contribution plans through an intermediary are
invested in Class III Shares.
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Conversions between Classes
Each clients Total Fund Investment and Total Investment are determined by GMO on each
Determination Date. Based on this determination, and subject to the following, each clients
shares of the Fund identified for conversion will be converted to the class of shares of the Fund
with the lowest shareholder service fee for which the client satisfies all minimum investment
requirements (or, to the extent the client already holds shares of that class, the client will
remain in that class). With respect to the Fund:
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To the extent a client satisfies all minimum investment requirements for a
class of shares then being offered that bears a lower shareholder service fee than the
class held by the client on the Determination Date, the clients shares identified for
conversion will be automatically converted to that class within 45 calendar days
following the Determination Date on a date selected by the Manager.
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To the extent a client no longer satisfies all minimum investment requirements
for the class of shares held by the client on the last Determination Date of a calendar
year, the Trust will convert the clients shares to the class that is then being
offered bearing the lowest shareholder service fee for which the client satisfies all
minimum investment requirements (and which class will typically bear a higher
shareholder service fee than the class then held by the client). To the extent the
client no longer satisfies all minimum investment requirements for any class of the
Fund as of the last Determination Date of a calendar year or to the extent there is an
abusive pattern of investments and/or redemptions, the Trust will convert the clients shares to the class of the Fund then being offered bearing the highest shareholder
service fee unless the value has increased prior to the expiration of the notice period
so as to satisfy all minimum investment requirements for the clients current class of shares. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a clients shares will not be converted to a
class of shares bearing a higher shareholder service fee without at least 15 calendar
days prior notice by the Trust. To the extent the client makes an additional
investment and/or the value of the clients shares otherwise increases prior to the
expiration of the notice period so as to satisfy all minimum investment requirements
for the clients current class of shares, the client will remain in the class of shares
then held by the client. Solely for the purpose of determining whether a client has
satisfied the additional investment requirement referenced in the preceding sentence,
the value of the clients shares shall be the greater of (A) the value of the
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23
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clients shares on the relevant Determination Date or (B) the value of the clients shares on the date that notice is sent to the client hereunder. If the client is not
able to make an additional investment in the Fund solely because the Fund is closed to
new investment or is capacity constrained, the client will remain in the class of shares
then held by the client unless the Manager approves reopening the Fund to facilitate an
additional investment. Any conversion of a clients shares to a class of shares bearing
a higher shareholder service fee will occur within 60 calendar days following the last
Determination Date of a calendar year or, in the case of conversion due to an abusive
pattern of investments and/or redemptions, on any other date pursuant to the Managers
discretion.
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The Trust has been advised by counsel that, for tax purposes, the conversion of a clients
investment from one class of shares to another class of shares in the Fund should not result in the
recognition of gain or loss in the shares that are converted. The clients tax basis in the new
class of shares immediately after the conversion should equal the clients basis in the converted
shares immediately before conversion, and the holding period of the new class of shares should
include the holding period of the converted shares.
DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAXES
The Funds policy is to declare and pay distributions of its net income, if any,
semi-annually. The Fund also intends to distribute net gains, whether from the sale of securities
held by the Fund for not more than one year (i.e., net short-term capital gains) or from the sale
of securities held by the Fund for more than one year (i.e., net long-term capital gains), if any,
at least annually. In addition, the Fund may, from time to time and at its discretion, make
unscheduled distributions in advance of large redemptions by shareholders or as otherwise deemed
appropriate by the Fund. The Fund is treated as a separate taxable entity for federal income tax
purposes and intends to qualify each year as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Shareholders should read the description below for
information regarding the tax character of distributions from the Fund to shareholders.
All dividends and/or distributions are reinvested in additional shares of the Fund, at net
asset value, unless a shareholder elects to receive cash. Shareholders may elect to receive cash by
marking the appropriate boxes on the GMO Trust Application, by writing to the Trust, or by
notifying their broker or agent.
The following is a general summary of the principal U.S. federal income tax consequences to
shareholders investing in the Fund. The Funds shareholders may include certain other GMO Funds.
The summary below does not address tax consequences to shareholders of those other GMO Funds.
Shareholders of those other GMO Funds should refer to the prospectuses or private placement
memoranda (as applicable) and statements of additional information for those GMO Funds for a
summary of the tax consequences applicable to them.
It is important for you to note:
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For federal income tax purposes, distributions of investment income are generally
taxable as ordinary income. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by
how long the Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than by how long a
shareholder has owned shares in the Fund. Distributions of net capital gains from the
sale of investments that the Fund owned for more than one year and that are properly
designated by the Fund as capital gain dividends are taxable to shareholders as
long-term capital gains. Distributions of gains
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24
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from the sale of investments that the Fund owned for one year or less are taxable to
shareholders as ordinary income.
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If the Fund realizes capital losses in excess of capital gains for any taxable year,
these excess losses will carry over and offset capital gains realized in succeeding
taxable years until either (a) the end of the eighth succeeding taxable year or (b)
such losses have been fully utilized to offset realized capital gains, whichever comes
first. The Funds ability to utilize these losses in succeeding taxable years may be
limited by reason of direct or indirect changes in the actual or constructive ownership
of the Fund.
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For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2011, distributions of investment
income properly designated by the Fund as derived from qualified dividend income will
be taxable to shareholders taxed as individuals at the rates applicable to long-term
capital gain, provided holding period and other requirements are met at both the
shareholder and Fund levels. The Fund does not expect a significant portion of its
distributions to be derived from qualified dividend income. Long-term capital gain
rates applicable to most individuals have been reduced to 15% (with lower rates
applying to taxpayers in the 10% and 15% rate brackets) for taxable years beginning
before January 1, 2011.
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Distributions by the Fund to retirement plans that qualify for tax-exempt treatment
under federal income tax laws will generally not be taxable. Special tax rules apply to
investments through such plans. You should consult your tax advisor to determine the
suitability of the Fund as an investment through such a plan and the tax treatment of
distributions (including distributions of amounts attributable to an investment in the
Fund) from such a plan.
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Distributions by the Fund are taxable to a shareholder even if they are paid from
income or gains earned by the Fund before that shareholder invested in the Fund (and
accordingly the income or gains were included in the price the shareholder paid for the
Funds shares). Distributions are taxable whether shareholders receive them in cash or
reinvest them in additional shares. Any gain resulting from a shareholders sale,
exchange, or redemption of Fund shares generally will be taxable to the shareholder as
short-term or long-term capital gain, depending on how long the Fund shares were held
by the shareholder.
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The Funds investment in foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding
taxes on dividends, interest or capital gains. Those taxes will reduce the Funds yield
on these securities. The foreign withholding tax rates applicable to the Funds
investments in certain foreign jurisdictions may be higher if the Fund has a
significant number of non-U.S. shareholders than if it has fewer non-U.S. shareholders.
It is not expected that shareholders will be able to claim a credit or deduction for
foreign taxes paid by the Fund. See Taxes in the SAI for more information.
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The Funds investment in certain types of securities and other assets, including
foreign currencies, certain types of foreign securities, debt obligations issued or
purchased at a discount, asset-backed securities, assets marked to the market for
U.S. federal income tax purposes, entities treated as partnerships for U.S. federal
income tax purposes, and, potentially, so-called indexed securities (such as
inflation-indexed bonds), may increase or accelerate the Funds recognition of income,
including the recognition of taxable income in excess of the cash generated by those
investments. These investments, therefore, may affect the timing, character, and/or
amount of the Funds distributions and may cause the Fund to liquidate other
investments at a time when it is not advantageous to do so to satisfy the distribution
requirements that apply to entities taxed as regulated investment companies.
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25
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The Funds use of derivatives (such as options, futures, and swap contracts) and
investments in investment companies treated as partnerships or regulated investment
companies for U.S. federal income tax purposes may affect the timing, character, and/or
amount of income recognized by its shareholders.
|
The above is a general summary of the principal U.S. federal income tax consequences of
investing in the Fund for shareholders who are U.S. citizens, residents, or domestic corporations.
You should consult your own tax advisors about the precise tax consequences of an investment in the
Fund in light of your particular tax situation, including possible foreign, state, local, or other
applicable taxes (including the federal alternative minimum tax). See Taxes in the SAI for more
information, including a summary of certain tax consequences of investing in the Fund for non-U.S.
shareholders.
26
APPENDIX A INVESTMENT IN GMO U.S. TREASURY FUND
GMO U.S. Treasury Fund (U.S. Treasury Fund), a series of the Trust, is offered through a
separate prospectus. Shares of U.S. Treasury Fund are offered publicly. U.S. Treasury Fund is
managed by GMO.
U.S. Treasury Fund pays an investment management fee to the Manager at the annual rate of
0.08% of U.S. Treasury Funds average daily net assets. The Manager has agreed to reimburse U.S.
Treasury Fund for certain Fund expenses through at least June 30, 2010 to the extent U.S. Treasury
Funds total annual operating expenses (without giving effect to any voluntary management fee
waiver) (excluding investment-related costs and other Excluded Expenses) exceed 0.08% of U.S.
Treasury Funds average daily net assets. For these purposes, Excluded Expenses are fees and
expenses of the independent Trustees of the Trust, fees and expenses for legal services not
approved by the Manager for the Trust, compensation and expenses of the Trusts Chief Compliance
Officer (excluding any employee benefits), brokerage commissions, securities-lending fees and
expenses, interest expense, transfer taxes, and other investment-related costs (including expenses
associated with investments in any company that is an investment company or would be an investment
company under the 1940 Act, but for the exceptions to the definition of investment company provided
in Sections 3(c)(1) and 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act), hedging transaction fees, extraordinary,
non-recurring and certain other unusual expenses (including taxes).
U.S. Treasury Funds investment objective is liquidity and safety of principal with current
income as a secondary objective. U.S. Treasury Fund is a non-diversified investment company within
the meaning of the 1940 Act.
U.S. Treasury Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing primarily in U.S.
Treasury securities. Under normal circumstances, U.S. Treasury Fund invests at least 80% of its
net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in Direct U.S. Treasury
Obligations and repurchase agreements collateralized by these Obligations. Direct U.S. Treasury
Obligations include U.S. Treasury bills, bonds, and notes and other securities issued by the U.S.
Treasury, such as Separately Traded Registered Interest and Principal Securities (STRIPS) and other
zero-coupon securities, that are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government as well
as repurchase agreements relating to the foregoing.
As a principal investment strategy U.S. Treasury Fund may enter into repurchase agreements,
under which U.S. Treasury Fund purchases a security backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S.
government from a seller who simultaneously commits to repurchase, on an agreed upon date in the
future, the security from U.S. Treasury Fund at the original purchase price plus an agreed upon
amount representing the original purchase price plus interest. The counterparties in repurchase
agreements are typically broker-dealers and banks, and the safety of the arrangement is dependent
upon U.S. Treasury Fund having an interest in the security that can be realized in the event of the
insolvency of the counterparty.
In addition to Direct U.S. Treasury Obligations, U.S. Treasury Fund may also invest in other
fixed-income securities that are also backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government,
such as guaranteed securities issued by the Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA) and the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). U.S. Treasury Fund may also invest in unaffiliated
money market funds.
U.S. Treasury Fund normally invests in Direct U.S. Treasury Obligations and other fixed-income
securities backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government with a stated or remaining
maturity of
A-1
one year or less. This may not be true of Direct U.S. Treasury Obligations purchased pursuant
to repurchase agreements, and, therefore, if there is a default by the counterparty to the
repurchase agreement U.S. Treasury Fund may own a security with a stated or remaining maturity of
greater than one year.
Although U.S. Treasury Fund primarily invests in short-term obligations, it will
not
operate as a money market fund and is not required to comply with the duration, quality,
diversification and other requirements applicable to money market funds. In addition, the Manager
normally seeks to maintain a duration of one year or less for U.S. Treasury Funds portfolio. The
Manager determines U.S. Treasury Funds dollar-weighted average portfolio duration by aggregating
the durations of U.S. Treasury Funds individual holdings and weighting each holding based on its
market value.
In selecting U.S. Treasury securities for U.S. Treasury Funds portfolio, the Manager focuses
primarily on the relative attractiveness of different obligations (such as bonds, notes, or bills),
which can vary depending on the general level of interest rates as well as supply/demand imbalances
and other market conditions.
U.S. Treasury Funds benchmark is the Citigroup 3 Month Treasury Bill Index, which is an
unmanaged index of three-month U.S. Treasury bills.
To the extent GMO Asset Allocation Bond Fund invests in U.S. Treasury Fund the shareholders of
GMO Asset Allocation Bond Fund will be indirectly exposed to the risks associated with an
investment in U.S. Treasury Fund. The principal risks of an investment in U.S. Treasury Fund
include Market Risk Fixed Income Securities, Liquidity Risk, Credit and Counterparty Risk,
Management Risk, Market Disruption and Geopolitical Risk, and Large Shareholder Risk.
A-2
GMO TRUST
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
The Funds annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders (when available) will contain
additional information about the Funds investments. The Funds annual report (when available)
will contain a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly
affected the Funds performance during its initial fiscal year. The Funds annual and semi-annual
reports (when available) will be, and the Funds SAI is, available free of charge at http://www.gmo.com or by writing to Shareholder Services at GMO, 40 Rowes Wharf, Boston,
Massachusetts 02110 or by calling collect at 1-617-346-7646. The SAI contains more detailed
information about the Fund and is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus, which means that
it is legally considered to be part of this Prospectus.
You can review and copy the Prospectus, SAI, and reports (when available) at the SECs Public
Reference Room in Washington, D.C. Information regarding the operation of the Public Reference
Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-202-551-8090. Reports and other information about the
Fund are available on the EDGAR database on the SECs Internet site at
http://www.sec.gov
. Copies
of this information may be obtained, upon payment of a duplicating fee, by electronic request at
the following e-mail address:
publicinfo@sec.gov
, or by writing the Public Reference Section of the
SEC, Washington, D.C. 20549-0102.
Shareholders who wish to communicate with the Trustees must do so by mailing a written
communication, addressed as follows: To the Attention of the Board of Trustees, c/o GMO Trust Chief
Compliance Officer, 40 Rowes Wharf, Boston, MA 02110.
SHAREHOLDER INQUIRIES
Shareholders may request additional
information from and direct inquiries to:
Shareholder Services at
Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co. LLC
40 Rowes Wharf
Boston, MA 02110
1-617-346-7646 (call collect)
1-617-439-4192 (fax)
SHS@GMO.com
website: http://www.gmo.com
DISTRIBUTOR
Funds Distributor, LLC
10 High Street
Suite 302
Boston, Massachusetts 02110
Investment Company Act File No. 811-04347
GMO
TRUST
GMO U.S. Treasury Fund
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
March 16, 2009
This Statement of Additional Information is not a prospectus. It relates to the GMO Trust
Prospectus of GMO U.S. Treasury Fund (the Fund) dated March 16, 2009, as amended from time to
time thereafter (the Prospectus), and should be read in conjunction therewith. Information from
the Prospectus is and (when available) information from the annual report to shareholders of the
Fund will be incorporated by reference into this Statement of Additional Information. The
Prospectus and the annual report to shareholders of the Fund (when available) may be obtained free
of charge from GMO Trust (the Trust), 40 Rowes Wharf, Boston, Massachusetts 02110, or by calling
the Trust collect at 1-617-346-7646.
Table of Contents
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A-1
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B-1
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-i-
The GMO U.S. Treasury Fund is a series of GMO Trust. The Trust is a series investment company
that consists of separate series of investment portfolios (the Series), each of which is
represented by a separate series of shares of beneficial interest. Each Series manager is
Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co. LLC (the Manager or GMO). Shares of the other Series of the
Trust are offered pursuant to separate prospectuses or private placement memoranda and statements
of additional information.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES
The investment objective and principal strategies of, and risks of investing in, the Fund are
described in the Prospectus. Unless otherwise indicated in the Prospectus or this Statement of
Additional Information, the investment objective and policies of the Fund may be changed without
shareholder approval.
FUND INVESTMENTS
The list below indicates the types of investments that the Fund is generally permitted (but not
required) to make. The Fund may, however, make other types of investments provided the investments
are consistent with the Funds investment objective and policies and the Funds investment
restrictions do not expressly prohibit it from so doing.
Investors should note that, when used in this Statement of Additional Information, the term
invest includes both direct investing and indirect investing and the term investments includes
both direct investments and indirect investments. Accordingly, the following list indicates the
types of investments that the Fund is directly or indirectly permitted to make.
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Repurchase Agreements
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Debt and Other Fixed Income Securities
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Debt and Other Fixed Income SecuritiesShort-Term Corporate & Government Bonds
1
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Cash and Other High Quality Investments
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U.S. Government Securities
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Illiquid Securities
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Investments in Other Investment Companies or Other Pooled Investments
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For more information, see, among other sections, Descriptions and Risks of Fund
InvestmentsU.S. Government Securities herein.
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DESCRIPTIONS AND RISKS OF FUND INVESTMENTS
The following is a description of investment practices in which the Fund may engage and the risks
associated with their use.
ANY REFERENCES TO INVESTMENTS MADE BY THE FUND INCLUDE THOSE THAT
MAY BE MADE BOTH DIRECTLY BY THE FUND AND INDIRECTLY BY THE FUND.
Please refer to Fund
Summary and Description of Principal Risks in the Prospectus and Fund Investments in this
Statement of Additional Information for additional information regarding the practices in which the
Fund may engage either directly or indirectly.
1
Portfolio Turnover
Based on the Managers assessment of market conditions, the Manager may trade the Funds
investments more frequently at some times than at others, resulting in a higher portfolio turnover
rate. Increased portfolio turnover involves correspondingly greater brokerage commissions and
other transaction costs, which will be borne directly by the Fund, and may involve realization of
capital gains or other types of income that are taxable when distributed to shareholders of the
Fund unless those shareholders are themselves exempt. If portfolio turnover results in the
recognition of short-term capital gains, those gains typically are taxed to shareholders at
ordinary income tax rates. High turnover rates may adversely affect the Funds performance by
generating additional expenses and may result in additional taxable income for its shareholders.
See Distributions and Taxes in the Prospectus and Distributions and Taxes in this Statement
of Additional Information for more information.
Diversified Portfolio
The Fund is a diversified fund under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940
Act), and as such is required to satisfy the requirements for diversified funds, which require
that at least 75% of the value of a diversified funds total assets must be represented by cash and
cash items (including receivables), government securities, securities of other investment
companies, and other securities that for the purposes of this calculation are limited in respect of
any one issuer to not greater than 5% of the value of a funds total assets and not more than 10%
of the outstanding voting securities of any single issuer. The Fund must meet certain
diversification standards to qualify as a regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, as amended (the Code).
Repurchase Agreements
As a principal investment strategy, the Fund may enter into repurchase agreements with banks and
broker-dealers. A repurchase agreement is a contract under which the Fund acquires a security (in
the case of the Fund, usually a security backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S.
government, such as a U.S. Treasury bill, bond or note) for a relatively short period (usually less
than a week) for cash and subject to the commitment of the seller to repurchase the security for an
agreed-upon price on a specified date. The repurchase price exceeds the acquisition price and
reflects an agreed-upon market rate unrelated to the coupon rate on the purchased security.
Repurchase agreements afford the Fund the opportunity to earn a return on temporarily available
cash without market risk, although the Fund does run the risk of a sellers defaulting on its
obligation to pay the repurchase price when it is required to do so. Such a default may subject
the Fund to expenses, delays, and risks of loss including: (i) possible declines in the value of
the underlying security while the Fund seeks to enforce its rights, (ii) possible reduced levels of
income and lack of access to income during this period, and (iii) the inability to enforce its
rights and the expenses involved in attempted enforcement.
Typically, the Fund will only enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties or their
guarantors that, at the time they enter into a transaction, have long-term debt ratings of A or
higher by Moodys or S&P (or have comparable credit ratings as determined by the Manager).
Repurchase agreements may be entered into with counterparties that do not have long-term debt
2
ratings if they have short-term debt ratings of A-1 by S&P and/or a comparable rating by Moodys.
See Appendix ACommercial Paper and Corporate Debt Ratings for an explanation of short-term debt
ratings. For more information on the Fund, please see Fund Summary Principal Investment
Strategies in the Funds Prospectus.
Debt and Other Fixed Income Securities Generally
Debt and other fixed income securities include fixed and floating rate securities of any maturity.
Fixed rate securities pay a specified rate of interest or dividends. Floating rate securities pay
a rate that is adjusted periodically by reference to a specified index or market rate. Fixed and
floating rate securities include securities issued by federal, state, local, and foreign
governments and related agencies, and by a wide range of private issuers, and generally are
referred to in this Statement of Additional Information as fixed income securities. Indexed
bonds are a type of fixed income security whose principal value and/or interest rate is adjusted
periodically according to a specified instrument, index, or other statistic (e.g., another
security, inflation index, currency, or commodity). See Adjustable Rate Securities and Indexed
Securities below.
Holders of fixed income securities are exposed to both market and credit risk. Market risk (or
interest rate risk) relates to changes in a securitys value as a result of changes in interest
rates. In general, the values of fixed income securities increase when interest rates fall and
decrease when interest rates rise. Credit risk relates to the ability of an issuer to make
payments of principal and interest. Obligations of issuers are subject to bankruptcy, insolvency
and other laws that affect the rights and remedies of creditors. Fixed income securities
denominated in foreign currencies also are subject to the risk of a decline in the value of the
denominating currency.
Because interest rates vary, the future income of a fund that invests in fixed income securities
cannot be predicted with certainty. The future income of a fund that invests in indexed securities
also will be affected by changes in those securities indices over time (e.g., changes in inflation
rates, currency rates, or commodity prices).
Cash and Other High Quality Investments
The Fund may temporarily invest a portion of its assets in cash or cash items pending other
investments or to maintain liquid assets required in connection with some of the Funds
investments. These cash items and other high quality debt securities may include money market
instruments, such as securities issued by the United States Government and its agencies, bankers
acceptances, commercial paper, and bank certificates of deposit.
U.S. Government Securities
U.S. government securities include securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its
authorities, agencies, or instrumentalities. Different kinds of U.S. government securities have
different kinds of government support. For example, some U.S. government securities (e.g., U.S.
Treasury bonds) are supported by the full faith and credit of the United States. Other U.S.
government securities are issued or guaranteed by federal agencies or government-chartered or
-sponsored enterprises but are neither guaranteed nor insured by the U.S. government (e.g., debt
3
securities issued by the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac), Federal National
Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae), and Federal Home Loan Banks (FHLBs)). As with issuers of
other fixed income securities, sovereign issuers may be unable or unwilling to make timely
principal or interest payments.
The Fund will invest primarily in direct obligations of the U.S. Treasury, such as bonds, notes,
and bills and other securities issued by the U.S. Treasury, such as Separately Traded Registered
Interest and Principal Securities (STRIPS) and other zero-coupon securities, that are backed by the
full faith and credit of the U.S. government. In addition to Direct U.S. Treasury Obligations, the
Fund may also invest in other fixed-income securities that are also backed by the full faith and
credit of the U.S. government, such as guaranteed securities issued by the Government National
Mortgage Association (GNMA) and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).
As with other fixed income securities, U.S. government securities expose their holders to market
risk because their values typically change as interest rates fluctuate. For example, the value of
U.S. government securities may fall during times of rising interest rates. Yields on U.S.
government securities tend to be lower than those of corporate securities of comparable maturities.
During certain market conditions where interest rates on short term U.S. Treasury obligations
equal or approach zero, the yield on those securities purchased by the Fund could be zero or even
negative, resulting in negative returns on those securities.
In addition to investing directly in U.S. government securities, the Fund may purchase certificates
of accrual or similar instruments evidencing undivided ownership interests in interest payments
and/or principal payments of U.S. government securities. Certificates of accrual and similar
instruments may be more volatile than other government securities.
Illiquid Securities
The Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities. For this purpose,
illiquid securities are securities that the Fund may not sell or dispose of within seven days in
the ordinary course of business at approximately the amount at which the Fund has valued the
securities. A repurchase agreement maturing in more than seven days is considered illiquid, unless
it can be terminated after a notice period of seven days or less.
The Manager also may deem certain securities to be illiquid as a result of the Managers receipt
from time to time of material, non-public information about an issuer, which may limit the
Managers ability to trade such securities for the account of any of its clients, including the
Fund. In some instances, these trading restrictions could continue in effect for a substantial
period of time.
Investments in Other Investment Companies or Other Pooled Investments
Subject to applicable regulatory requirements, the Fund may invest in shares of both open- and
closed-end investment companies (including money market funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs)).
Investing in another investment company exposes the Fund to all the risks of that investment
company and, in general, subjects it to a pro rata portion of the other investment
4
companys fees and expenses. The Fund also may invest in private investment funds, vehicles, or
structures.
ETFs are hybrid investment companies that are registered as open-end investment companies or unit
investment trusts (UITs) but possess some of the characteristics of closed-end funds. ETFs
typically hold a portfolio of common stocks that is intended to track the price and dividend
performance of a particular index. Common examples of ETFs include S&P Depositary Receipts
(SPDRs) and iShares, which may be purchased from the UIT or investment company issuing the
securities or in the secondary market (SPDRs are listed on the American Stock Exchange and iShares
are listed on the New York Stock Exchange). The market price for ETF shares may be higher or lower
than the ETFs net asset value. The sale and redemption prices of ETF shares purchased from the
issuer are based on the issuers net asset value.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
Fundamental Restrictions:
The following are Fundamental Investment Restrictions of the Fund, which may not be changed without
shareholder approval:
(1) The Fund may not borrow money except under the following circumstances: (i) The Fund may
borrow money from banks so long as after such a transaction, the total assets (including the amount
borrowed) less liabilities other than debt obligations, represent at least 300% of outstanding debt
obligations; (ii) The Fund may also borrow amounts equal to an additional 5% of its total assets
without regard to the foregoing limitation for temporary purposes, such as for the clearance and
settlement of portfolio transactions and to meet shareholder redemption requests; and (iii) The
Fund may enter into transactions that are technically borrowings under the 1940 Act because they
involve the sale of a security coupled with an agreement to repurchase that security (e.g., reverse
repurchase agreements, dollar rolls, and other similar investment techniques) without regard to the
asset coverage restriction described in (i) above, so long as and to the extent that the Funds
custodian earmarks and maintains cash and/or high-grade debt securities equal in value to its
obligations in respect of these transactions.
Under current pronouncements of the SEC staff, the above types of transactions are not treated as
involving senior securities so long as and to the extent that the Fund maintains liquid assets
equal in value to its obligations in respect of these transactions.
(2) The Fund may not underwrite securities issued by other persons except to the extent that, in
connection with the disposition of its portfolio investments, it may be deemed to be an underwriter
under federal securities laws.
(3) The Fund may not purchase or sell real estate, although it may purchase securities of issuers
which deal in real estate, including securities of real estate investment trusts, and may purchase
securities which are secured by interests in real estate.
(4) The Fund may not make loans, except by purchase of debt obligations or by entering into
repurchase agreements or through the lending of the Funds portfolio securities. Loans of
portfolio securities may be made with respect to up to 33 1/3% of the Funds total assets.
5
(5) The Fund may not concentrate more than 25% of the value of its total assets in any one
industry.
(6) The Fund may not purchase or sell commodities or commodity contracts, except that the Fund may
purchase and sell financial futures contracts and options thereon.
(7) The Fund may not issue senior securities, as defined in the 1940 Act and as amplified by
rules, regulations and pronouncements of the SEC.
The SEC has concluded that even though reverse repurchase agreements, firm commitment agreements,
and standby commitment agreements fall within the functional meaning of the term evidence of
indebtedness, the issue of compliance with Section 18 of the 1940 Act will not be raised with the
SEC by the Division of Investment Management if the Fund covers such obligations or maintains
liquid assets equal in value to its obligations with respect to these transactions. Similarly, so
long as such assets are maintained, the issue of compliance with Section 18 will not be raised with
respect to any of the following: any swap contract or contract for differences; any pledge or
permitted encumbrance of assets; any borrowing permitted by Fundamental Restriction (1) above; any
collateral arrangements with respect to initial and variation margin; and the purchase or sale of
options, forward contracts, futures contracts or options on futures contracts.
For purposes of Fundamental Restriction (5) above, an industry shall not be considered to include
the U.S. Government or its agencies or instrumentalities.
Non-Fundamental Restrictions:
The following are Non-Fundamental Investment Restrictions of the Fund, which may be changed by the
Trustees
without
shareholder approval:
(1) The Fund may not buy or sell oil, gas, or other mineral leases, rights or royalty contracts,
although it may purchase securities of issuers that deal in oil, gas, or other mineral leases,
rights or royalty contracts, including securities of royalty trusts, and may purchase securities
which are secured by, or otherwise hold or represent interests in, oil, gas, or other mineral
leases, rights or royalty contracts.
(2) The Fund may not make investments for the purpose of gaining control of a companys
management.
(3) The Fund may not invest more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities.
(4) The Fund has adopted a policy pursuant to Rule 35d-1 under the 1940 Act to invest, under
normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for
investment purposes, in direct U.S. Treasury obligations, such as U.S. Treasury bills, bonds, and
notes, and repurchase agreements collateralized by these obligations (the Name Policy). The Fund
may not change this policy without providing the Funds shareholders with a notice meeting the
requirement of Rule 35d-1(c) at least 60 days prior to such change.
6
For purposes of the Name Policy, the Fund considers the term invest to include both direct
investing and indirect investing and the term investments to include both direct investments and
indirect investments (for instance, the Fund may invest indirectly or make indirect investments by
investing in another Fund or in derivatives and synthetic instruments with economic characteristics
similar to the underlying asset), and the Fund may achieve exposure to a particular investment,
industry, country, or geographic region through direct investing or indirect investing and/or
direct investments or indirect investments.
Except as indicated above in Fundamental Restriction (1), all percentage limitations on investments
set forth herein and in the Prospectus will apply at the time of the making of an investment and
shall not be considered violated unless an excess or deficiency occurs or exists immediately after
and as a result of such investment.
The phrase shareholder approval, as used in the Prospectus and in this Statement of Additional
Information, and the phrases vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities and the
approval of shareholders, as used herein, mean the affirmative vote of the lesser of (1) more than
50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund, or (2) 67% or more of the shares of the Fund present at
a meeting if more than 50% of the outstanding shares are represented at the meeting in person or by
proxy. Except for policies and restrictions that are explicitly described as fundamental in the
Prospectus or this Statement of Additional Information, the investment policies and restrictions of
the Fund may be changed by the Trusts Trustees without the approval of shareholders of the Fund.
Policies and restrictions of the Fund that are explicitly described as fundamental in the
Prospectus or this Statement of Additional Information cannot be changed without the approval of
shareholders of the Fund.
When used in connection with the Funds Name Policy, the Manager uses the terms invest,
investments, assets, and tied economically as defined in the Prospectus.
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
The net asset value (NAV) of each class of shares of the Fund will be determined as of the close
of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), generally at 4:00 p.m. Eastern time.
The Fund will not determine its NAV on any day when the NYSE is closed for business. The Fund will
not be valued (and, accordingly, transactions in shares of the Fund will not be processed) on days
when the U.S. bond markets are closed. The Fund also may elect not to determine its NAV on days
during which no share is tendered for redemption and no order to purchase or sell a share is
received by the Fund. Please refer to Determination of Net Asset Value in the Prospectus for
additional information.
DISTRIBUTIONS
The Prospectus describes the distribution policies of the Fund under the heading Distributions and
Taxes. The Fund generally maintains a policy to pay its shareholders, as dividends, substantially
all net investment income, if any, and to distribute annually all net realized capital gains, if
any, after offsetting any available capital loss carryovers. The Fund intends to declare net income distributions daily to the
extent there is income available. The distributions will be paid on the first business day following each month end.
The Fund also intends to distribute all of its net income annually. The Fund generally maintains a policy
to make distributions at least annually, sufficient to avoid the imposition of a nondeductible 4%
excise tax on certain undistributed amounts of investment company taxable
7
income and capital gain net income. The Fund, from time to time and at the Funds discretion, also
may make unscheduled distributions of net income, short-term capital gains, and/or long-term
capital gains prior to large redemptions by shareholders from the Fund or as otherwise deemed
appropriate by the Fund.
TAXES
Tax Status and Taxation of the Fund
The Fund is treated as a separate taxable entity for federal income tax purposes. The Fund intends
to qualify each year as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, as amended (previously defined above as the Code). In order to qualify for the
special tax treatment accorded regulated investment companies and their shareholders, the Fund
must, among other things:
(a)
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derive at least 90% of its gross income from (i) dividends, interest, payments with respect
to certain securities loans, and gains from the sale or other disposition of stock,
securities, or foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to gains from
options, futures, or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in
such stock, securities, or currencies and (ii) net income derived from interests in qualified
publicly traded partnerships (as defined below);
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(b)
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diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of the Funds taxable year, (i) at
least 50% of the market value of the Funds total assets is represented by cash and cash
items, U.S. government securities, securities of other regulated investment companies, and
other securities limited in respect of any one issuer to a value not greater than 5% of the
value of the Funds total assets and not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of
such issuer, and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of the Funds total assets is invested in
the securities (other than those of the U.S. government or regulated investment companies) of
any one issuer or of two or more issuers which the Fund controls and which are engaged in the
same, similar, or related trades or businesses, or in the securities of one or more qualified
publicly traded partnerships (as defined below); and
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(c)
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distribute with respect to each taxable year at least 90% of the sum of its investment
company taxable income (as that term is defined in the Code without regard to the deduction
for dividends paidgenerally, taxable ordinary income and the excess, if any, of net
short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses) and any net tax-exempt interest
income, for such year.
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In general, for purposes of the 90% gross income requirement described in paragraph (a) above,
income derived from a partnership will be treated as qualifying income only to the extent such
income is attributable to items of income of the partnership which would be qualifying income if
realized directly by the regulated investment company. However, 100% of the net income derived
from an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership (defined as a partnership (i)
interests in which are traded on an established securities market or readily tradable on a
secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof, (ii) that derives at least 90% of its
income from passive income sources defined in Code section 7704(d), and (iii) that derives less
than
8
90% of its income from the qualifying income described in paragraph (a)(i) above) will be treated
as qualifying income. In addition, although in general the passive loss rules of the Code do not
apply to regulated investment companies, such rules do apply to a regulated investment company with
respect to items attributable to an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership. Further,
for the purposes of paragraph (b) above: (i) the term outstanding voting securities of such
issuer will include the equity securities of a qualified publicly traded partnership, and (ii) in
the case of the Funds investment in loan participations, the Fund shall treat both the
intermediary and the issuer of the underlying loan as an issuer.
If the Fund qualifies as a regulated investment company that is accorded special tax treatment, the
Fund will not be subject to federal income tax on income distributed in a timely manner to its
shareholders in the form of dividends (including Capital Gain Dividends, defined below).
As described above, the Fund intends generally to distribute at least annually to its shareholders
substantially all of its net investment income and all of its net capital gain. Any net investment
income retained by the Fund will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates. Although the Fund
intends generally to distribute all of its net capital gain each year, the Fund reserves the right
to retain for investment all or a portion of its net capital gain. If the Fund retains any net
capital gain, it will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates on the amount retained, but may
designate the retained amount as undistributed capital gains in a notice to its shareholders who
(i) will be required to include in income for federal income tax purposes, as long-term capital
gain, their shares of such undistributed amount, and (ii) will be entitled to credit their
proportionate shares of the tax paid by the Fund on such undistributed amount against their federal
income tax liabilities, if any, and to claim refunds on a properly-filed U.S. tax return to the
extent the credit exceeds such liabilities. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the tax basis of
shares owned by a shareholder of the Fund will be increased by an amount equal under current law to
the difference between the amount of undistributed capital gains included in the shareholders
gross income under clause (i) of the preceding sentence and the tax deemed paid by the shareholder
under clause (ii) of the preceding sentence.
If the Fund were to fail to distribute in a calendar year substantially all of its ordinary income
for such year and substantially all of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ending
October 31 (or later if the Fund is permitted to elect and so elects), plus any retained amount
from the prior year, such Fund will be subject to a nondeductible 4% excise tax on the
undistributed amounts. The Fund intends generally to make distributions sufficient to avoid
imposition of the 4% excise tax, although the Fund reserves the right to pay an excise tax rather
than make an additional distribution when circumstances warrant (e.g., the payment of excise tax
amount deemed by the Fund to be
de minimis
). Where the Fund has a taxable year that begins in one
calendar year and ends in the next calendar year, the Fund will be required to make this excise tax
distribution during its taxable year. There is a risk that the Fund could recognize income prior
to making this excise tax distribution and could recognize losses after making this distribution.
As a result, an excise tax distribution could constitute a return of capital (see discussion
below).
Capital losses in excess of capital gains (Net Capital Losses) are not permitted to be deducted
against net investment income. The Fund may carry Net Capital Losses forward for eight years.
However, the Fund will not be able to utilize any Net Capital Losses remaining at the conclusion
9
of the eighth taxable year succeeding the taxable year in which such Net Capital Loss arose. All
Net Capital Losses carried forward are treated as short term and will offset short-term capital
gain before offsetting long-term capital gain in the year in which they are utilized. While the
issuance or redemption of shares in the Fund will generally not affect the Funds ability to use
Net Capital Losses in succeeding taxable years, the Funds ability to utilize Net Capital Losses
may be limited as a result of certain (i) acquisitive reorganizations and (ii) shifts in the
ownership of the Fund by a shareholder owning or treated as owning 5% or more of the stock of the
Fund.
Taxation of Fund Distributions and Transactions in Fund Shares
The Funds shareholders may include other Funds of the Trust. The following summary does not
discuss the tax consequences to the shareholders of those other Funds of the Trust of distributions
by the Fund or of the sale of shares of the Fund. Shareholders of such Funds of the Trust should
consult the prospectuses and statements of additional information of those other Funds of the Trust
for a discussion of the tax consequences to them.
The sale, exchange, or redemption of Fund shares may give rise to a gain or loss. In general, any
gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares will be treated as long-term capital
gain if the shares have been held for more than one year and as short-term capital gain if the
shares have been held for not more than one year. However, depending on a shareholders percentage
ownership in the Fund, a partial redemption of Fund shares could cause the shareholder to be
treated as receiving a dividend, taxable under the rules applicable to dividends and distributions
described below, rather than capital gain income received in exchange for Fund shares.
Any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares held for six months or less will be treated
as long-term capital loss to the extent of any Capital Gain Dividends received or deemed received
by a shareholder with respect to those shares. All or a portion of any loss realized upon a
taxable disposition of Fund shares will be disallowed if other shares of the same Fund are
purchased within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of the newly
purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.
Fund distributions are taxable to shareholders under the rules described below whether received in
cash or reinvested in additional Fund shares.
For federal income tax purposes, distributions of investment income are generally taxable as
ordinary income. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the Fund owned
the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder may have owned shares in
the Fund. Distributions attributable to net long-term capital gains and that are properly
designated by the Fund as capital gain dividends (Capital Gain Dividends) will be taxable to
shareholders as long-term capital gains. Distributions attributable to net short-term capital
gains will be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. For taxable years beginning before
January 1, 2011, qualified dividend income received by an individual will be taxed at the rates
applicable to long-term capital gain. In order for some portion of the dividends received by the
Fund shareholder to be qualified dividend income, the Fund must meet holding period and other
requirements with respect to some portion of the dividend-paying stocks in its portfolio and the
shareholder must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the Funds shares. A
dividend will not be treated as qualified dividend income (at either the Fund or shareholder
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level) (i) if the dividend is received with respect to any share of stock held for fewer than 61
days during the 121-day period beginning on the date which is 60 days before the date on which such
share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (or, in the case of certain preferred
stock, 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date), (ii) to the extent
that the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make
related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property, (iii) if
the recipient elects to have the dividend income treated as investment income for purposes of the
limitation on deductibility of investment interest, or (iv) if the dividend is received from a
foreign corporation that is (a) not eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty
with the United States (with the exception of dividends paid on stock of such a foreign corporation
readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States) or (b) treated as a
passive foreign investment company (as defined below).
In general, distributions of investment income designated by the Fund as derived from qualified
dividend income will be treated as qualified dividend income by a shareholder taxed as an
individual provided the shareholder meets the holding period and other requirements described above
with respect to the Funds shares. The Fund does not expect that a significant portion of its
distributions will be derived from qualified dividend income.
If the Fund receives dividends from an underlying fund that is taxed as a regulated investment
company (Underlying RIC), and the Underlying RIC designates such dividends as qualified dividend
income, then the Fund is permitted, in turn, to designate a portion of its distributions as
qualified dividend income, provided that the Fund meets the holding period and other requirements
with respect to shares of the Underlying RIC.
Long-term capital gain rates applicable to most individuals have been temporarily reduced to 15%
(with lower rates applying to taxpayers in the 10% and 15% rate brackets) for taxable years
beginning before January 1, 2011.
If the Fund makes a distribution to its shareholders in excess of its current and accumulated
earnings and profits in any taxable year, the excess distribution will be treated as a return of
capital to the extent of each shareholders tax basis in its shares, and thereafter as capital
gain. A return of capital is not taxable, but it reduces the shareholders tax basis in its
shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by such
shareholder of the shares.
Dividends and distributions on the Funds shares are generally subject to U.S. federal income tax
as described herein to the extent they do not exceed the Funds realized income and gains, even
though such dividends and distributions may economically represent a return of a particular
shareholders investment. Such dividends and distributions are likely to occur in respect of
shares purchased at a time when the Funds net asset value reflects unrealized gains, or realized
but undistributed income or gains. Such realized income and gains may be required to be
distributed even when the Funds net asset value also reflects unrealized losses.
For corporate shareholders (other than S corporations), the dividends-received deduction will
generally apply (subject to holding period and other requirements imposed by the Code) to the
Funds dividends paid from investment income to the extent derived from dividends-received
11
from U.S. corporations. The Fund generally does not expect that a significant portion of its
distributions will be eligible for the corporate dividends received deduction. If the Fund
receives dividends from an Underlying RIC that qualifies as a regulated investment company, and the
Underlying RIC designates such dividends as eligible for the dividends-received deduction, then the
Fund is permitted, in turn, to designate a portion of its distributions as eligible for the
dividends-received deduction, provided that the Fund meets the holding period and other
requirements with respect to shares of the Underlying RIC.
Under current law, any income of the Fund that would be treated as unrelated business taxable
income (UBTI) if earned directly by a tax-exempt entity, generally will not be attributed and
taxed as UBTI when distributed to tax-exempt shareholders. Notwithstanding this blocking effect,
a tax-exempt shareholder could realize UBTI by virtue of its investment in the Fund if shares in
the Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of the tax-exempt shareholder within the
meaning of Code Section 514(b). Tax-exempt shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisors
concerning the consequences of investing in the Fund.
In addition, special tax consequences apply to charitable remainder trusts (CRTs) that invest in
regulated investment companies that invest directly or indirectly in residual interests in real
estate mortgage investment conduits (REMICs) or equity interests in taxable mortgage pools
(TMPs). Under legislation enacted in December 2006, a CRT (as defined in section 664 of the
Code) that realizes any UBTI for a taxable year must pay an excise tax annually of an amount equal
to such UBTI. Under IRS guidance issued in October 2006, a CRT will not recognize UBTI as a result
of investing in a fund that recognizes excess inclusion income. Rather, if at any time during any
taxable year a CRT (or one of certain other tax-exempt shareholders, such as the United States, a
state or political subdivision, or an agency or instrumentality thereof, and certain energy
cooperatives) is a record holder of a share in a fund that recognizes excess inclusion income, then
that fund will be subject to a tax on that portion of its excess inclusion income for the taxable
year that is allocable to such shareholders at the highest federal corporate income tax rate. The
extent to which this IRS guidance remains applicable in light of the December 2006 legislation is
unclear. To the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, a fund may elect to specially allocate any
such tax to the applicable CRT, or other shareholder, and thus reduce such shareholders
distributions for the year by the amount of the tax that relates to such shareholders interest in
the fund. The Fund has not yet determined whether such an election would be made in the event it
recognizes excess inclusion income in a taxable year. CRTs are urged to consult their tax advisors
concerning the consequences of investing in the Fund.
Special tax rules apply to investments through defined contribution plans and other tax-qualified
plans. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the suitability of shares of
the Fund as an investment through such plans.
A distribution paid to shareholders by the Fund in January of a year generally is deemed to have
been received by shareholders on December 31 of the preceding year, if the distribution was
declared and payable to shareholders of record on a date in October, November, or December of that
preceding year. The Trust will provide federal tax information annually, including information
about dividends and distributions paid during the preceding year, to taxable investors and others
requesting such information.
12
The Fund generally intends to mail required information returns to shareholders prior to January 31
of each year. However, the Fund may apply with the IRS for an extension of the time in which the
Fund is permitted to provide shareholders with information returns. As a result, a shareholder may
receive an information return from the Fund after January 31.
Backup Withholding
The Fund (or in the case of shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary) generally is
required to withhold and remit to the U.S. Treasury a percentage of the taxable distributions and
redemption proceeds paid to any individual shareholder who fails to properly furnish the Fund (or
the intermediary) with a correct taxpayer identification number, who has under-reported dividend or
interest income, or who fails to certify that he or she is not subject to such withholding. The
backup withholding tax rate is 28% for amounts paid through 2010. This rate will expire and the
backup withholding rate will be 31% for amounts paid after December 31, 2010, unless Congress
enacts tax legislation providing otherwise. Any tax withheld as a result of backup withholding
does not constitute an additional tax imposed on the record owner of the account, and may be
claimed as a credit on the record owners federal income tax return.
Withholding on Distributions to Foreign Investors
Dividend distributions other than Capital Gain Dividends are in general subject to a U.S.
withholding tax of 30% when paid to a shareholder that is not a U.S. person within the meaning of
the Code (a foreign shareholder). Persons who are resident in a country, such as the United
Kingdom, that has an income tax treaty with the United States may be eligible for a reduced
withholding rate (upon filing of appropriate forms), and are urged to consult their tax advisors
regarding the applicability and effect of such a treaty.
However, effective for taxable years of the Fund beginning before January 1, 2010, the Fund will
not be required to withhold any amounts (i) with respect to distributions (other than distributions
to a foreign shareholder (w) that has not provided a satisfactory statement that the beneficial
owner is not a U.S. person, (x) to the extent that the dividend is attributable to certain interest
on an obligation if the foreign shareholder is the issuer or is a 10% shareholder of the issuer,
(y) that is within certain foreign countries that have inadequate information exchange with the
United States, or (z) to the extent the dividend is attributable to interest paid by a person that
is a related person of the foreign shareholder and the foreign shareholder is a controlled foreign
corporation) from U.S.-source interest income of types similar to those not subject to U.S. federal
income tax if earned directly by an individual foreign shareholder, to the extent such
distributions are properly designated by the Fund (interest-related dividends), and (ii) with
respect to distributions (other than (a) distributions to an individual foreign shareholder who is
present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year
of the distribution and (b) distributions subject to special rules regarding the disposition of
U.S. real property interests (USRPIs) (as described below)) of net short-term capital gains in
excess of net long-term capital losses to the extent such distributions are properly designated by
the Fund (short-term capital gain dividends). Depending on the circumstances, the Fund may make
designations of interest-related and/or short-term capital gain dividends with respect to all, some
or none of its potentially eligible dividends and/or treat such dividends, in whole or in part, as
ineligible for these exemptions from withholding. Absent legislation extending these exemptions
13
for taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2010, these special withholding exemptions for
interest-related and short-term capital gain dividends will expire and these dividends generally
will be subject to withholding as described above. It is currently unclear whether Congress will
extend the exemptions for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2010.
In the case of shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary may withhold even if the Fund
makes a designation with respect to a payment. Foreign shareholders should contact their
intermediaries regarding the application of these rules to their accounts.
Under U.S. federal tax law, a beneficial holder of shares who is a foreign shareholder is not, in
general, subject to U.S. federal income tax on gains (and is not allowed a deduction for losses)
realized on the sale of shares of the Fund or on Capital Gain Dividends unless (i) such gain or
Capital Gain Dividend is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business carried on
by such holder within the United States, (ii) in the case of an individual holder, the holder is
present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year
of the sale or the receipt of the Capital Gain Dividend and certain other conditions are met, or
(iii) the shares constitute USRPIs (as described below) or the Capital Gain Dividends are
attributable to gains from the sale or exchange of USRPIs in accordance with the rules set forth
below. However, these amounts may be subject to backup withholding, unless the foreign shareholder
certifies its non-U.S. status. Also, foreign shareholders with respect to whom income from the
Fund is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business carried on by such shareholder will
in general be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the income derived from the Fund at the
graduated rates applicable to U.S. citizens, residents or domestic corporations, whether such
income is received in cash or reinvested in shares, and, in the case of a foreign corporation, may
also be subject to a branch profits tax. If a foreign shareholder is eligible for the benefits of
a tax treaty, any effectively connected income or gain will generally be subject to U.S. federal
income tax on a net basis only if it is also attributable to a permanent establishment maintained
by the shareholder in the U.S. Again, foreign shareholders who are residents in a country with an
income tax treaty with the United States may obtain different tax results, and are urged to consult
their tax advisors.
Special rules apply to distributions to certain foreign persons from a regulated investment company
that is either a U.S. real property holding corporation (USRPHC) or would be a USRPHC absent
exclusions from USRPI treatment for interests in domestically controlled real estate investment
trusts (as defined in Code section 856) qualifying for the special tax treatment under Subchapter M
of the Code (U.S. REITs) and regulated investment companies and not-greater-than-5% interests in
publicly traded classes of stock in U.S. REITs and regulated investment companies. Additionally,
special rules apply to the sale of shares in a regulated investment company that is a USRPHC. Very
generally, a USRPHC is a domestic corporation that holds USRPIs USRPIs are defined generally as
any interest in U.S. real property or any equity interest in a USRPHC the fair market value of
which equals or exceeds 50% of the sum of the fair market values of the corporations USRPIs,
interests in real property located outside the United States and other assets. The Fund generally
does not expect that it will be a USRPHC or would be a USRPHC but for the operation of these
exceptions, and thus does not expect these special tax rules to apply.
14
In order to qualify for any exemptions from withholding described above or for lower withholding
tax rates under income tax treaties, or to establish an exemption from backup withholding, a
foreign shareholder must comply with special certification and filing requirements relating to its
non-US status (including, in general, furnishing an Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Form W-8BEN or
substitute form). Foreign shareholders in the Fund should consult their tax advisors in this
regard.
Foreign shareholders may be subject to state and local tax and to the U.S. federal estate tax in
addition to the federal tax on income referred to above.
Foreign Taxes
Any investment by the Fund in foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding and other
taxes on dividends, interest, or capital gains which will decrease the Funds yield. Such foreign
withholding taxes and other taxes may be reduced or eliminated under income tax treaties between
the United States and certain foreign jurisdictions. Depending on the number of foreign
shareholders in the Fund, however, such reduced foreign withholding tax rates may not be available
for investments in certain jurisdictions.
The Fund does not expect to be eligible to make an election that would allow shareholders whose
income from the Fund is subject to U.S. taxation at the graduated rates applicable to U.S.
citizens, residents or domestic corporations to claim a foreign tax credit or deduction (but not
both) on their U.S. income tax return.
Tax Implications of Certain Investments
Certain of the Funds investments, including investments in certain types of foreign securities,
assets marked to the market for U.S. federal income tax purposes, debt obligations issued or
purchased at a discount, entities treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes,
and, potentially, so-called indexed securities (including inflation-indexed bonds), may increase
or accelerate the Funds recognition of income, including the recognition of taxable income in
excess of the cash they generate. In such cases, the Fund may be required to sell assets
(including when it is not advantageous to do so) to generate the cash necessary to distribute as
dividends to its shareholders all of its income and gains and therefore to eliminate any tax
liability at the Fund level.
The Funds participation in repurchase agreements may affect the amount, timing, and character of
distributions to shareholders. With respect to any security subject to a repurchase agreement, any
amounts received by the Fund in place of dividends earned on the security during the period that
such security was not directly held by the Fund will not give rise to qualified dividend income or
qualify as dividends eligible for the corporate dividends-received deduction.
Any transactions in options, futures contracts, forward contracts, swaps, and other derivative
financial instruments, as well as any hedging transactions, straddles and short sales, will be
subject to one or more special tax rules (including, for instance, notional principal contract,
mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale and short sale rules). These rules may
affect whether gains and losses recognized by the Fund are treated as ordinary or capital and/or
15
as short-term or long-term, accelerate the recognition of income or gains to the Fund, defer
losses, and cause adjustments in the holding periods of the Funds securities. To the extent the
Fund engages in these transactions, these rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and/or
character of distributions to shareholders. In addition, because the tax rules applicable to
derivative financial instruments are in some cases uncertain under current law, an adverse
determination or future guidance by the IRS with respect to these rules (which determination or
guidance could be retroactive) may affect whether the Fund has made sufficient distributions, and
otherwise satisfied the relevant requirements, to maintain its qualification as a regulated
investment company and avoid a fund-level tax.
If the Fund invests in shares of Underlying RICs, its distributable income and gains will consist,
in part, of distributions from Underlying RICs and gains and losses on the disposition of shares of
Underlying RICs. To the extent that an Underlying RIC realizes net losses on its investments for a
given taxable year, the Fund will not be able to recognize its share of those losses (so as to
offset income or capital gain generated from other Fund investments, including from distributions
of net income or capital gains from other Underlying RICs) until it disposes of shares of the
Underlying RIC. Moreover, even when the Fund does make such a disposition, a portion of its loss
may be recognized as a long-term capital loss, which will not be treated as favorably for federal
income tax purposes as a short-term capital loss or an ordinary deduction. In particular, the Fund
will not be able to offset any capital losses from its dispositions of Underlying RIC shares
against its ordinary income (including distributions of any net short-term capital gains realized
by an Underlying RIC).
In addition, in certain circumstances, the wash sale rules under Section 1091 of the Code may
apply to any sale by the Fund of Underlying RIC shares that have generated losses. A wash sale
occurs if shares of an Underlying RIC are sold by the Fund at a loss and the Fund acquires
additional shares of that same Underlying RIC 30 days before or after the date of the sale. The
wash-sale rules could defer losses in the Funds hands on sales of Underlying RIC shares (to the
extent such sales are wash sales) for extended periods of time.
As a result of the foregoing rules, and certain other special rules, and to the extent the Fund
invests in Underlying RICs, the amounts of net investment income and net capital gains that the
Fund will be required to distribute to shareholders may be greater than such amounts would have
been had the Fund invested directly in the securities held by the Underlying RICs, rather than
investing in shares of the Underlying RICs. For similar reasons, the character of distributions
from the Fund (e.g., long-term capital gain, exempt interest, eligibility for dividends-received
deduction, etc.) will not necessarily be the same as it would have been had the Fund invested
directly in the securities held by the Underlying RICs.
Depending on the Funds percentage ownership in an Underlying RIC both before and after a
redemption of Underlying RIC shares, the Funds redemption of shares of such Underlying RIC may
cause the Fund to be treated as receiving a dividend taxable as ordinary income on the full amount
of the distribution instead of receiving capital gain income on the shares of the Underlying RIC.
This generally would be the case where the Fund holds a significant interest in an Underlying RIC
and redeems only a small portion of such interest. It is possible that any such dividend would
qualify as qualified dividend income taxable at long-term capital gain rates; otherwise, it would
be taxable as ordinary income.
16
Special tax considerations apply if the Fund invests in investment companies treated as
partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In this event, the Fund will be required to
include its distributive share, whether or not actually distributed by an investment company
treated as a partnership, of such an investment companys income, gains, losses, and certain other
items for any investment company taxable year ending within or with the Funds taxable year. In
general, the Fund will not recognize its distributive share of these tax items until the close of
the investment companys taxable year. However, absent the availability of an exception, the Fund
will recognize its distributive share of these tax items as they are recognized by the investment
company for purposes of determining the Funds liability for the 4% excise tax (described above).
Therefore, if the Fund and an investment company have different taxable years, the Fund may be
obligated to make distributions in excess of the net income and gains recognized from that
investment company and yet be unable to avoid the 4% excise tax because it is without sufficient
earnings and profits at the end of its taxable year to make a dividend. In some cases, however,
the Fund can take advantage of certain safe harbors which would allow it to include its
distributive share of an investment companys income, gains, losses and certain other items at the
close of the investment companys taxable year for both excise tax purposes and general Subchapter
M purposes, thus avoiding the problems arising from different taxable years. The Funds receipt of
a non-liquidating cash distribution from an investment company treated as a partnership generally
will result in recognized gain (but not loss) only to the extent that the amount of the
distribution exceeds the Funds adjusted basis in shares of such investment company before the
distribution. If the Fund receives a liquidating cash distribution from an investment company
treated as a partnership, it will recognize capital gain or loss to the extent of the difference
between the proceeds received by the Fund and the Funds adjusted tax basis in shares of such
investment company; however, the Fund generally will recognize ordinary income, rather than capital
gain, to the extent that the Funds allocable share of unrealized receivables (including any
accrued but untaxed market discount) and substantially appreciated inventory, if any, exceeds the
Funds share of the basis in those unrealized receivables and substantially appreciated inventory.
Any transactions by the Fund in foreign currency-denominated debt obligations or other foreign
currency transactions may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss
results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency concerned.
Loss of Regulated Investment Company Status
The Fund may experience particular difficulty qualifying as a regulated investment company in the
case of highly unusual market movements, or in the case of high redemption levels, and/or during
the first year of its operations. If the Fund were to not qualify for taxation as a regulated
investment company for any taxable year, the Funds income would be taxed at the Fund level at
regular corporate rates, and all distributions from earnings and profits, including distributions
of net long-term capital gains and net tax-exempt income (if any), generally would be taxable to
shareholders as ordinary income. Such distributions generally would be eligible (i) to be treated
as qualified dividend income in the case of shareholders taxed as individuals and (ii) for the
dividends-received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders, provided, in both cases, the
shareholder meets certain holding period and other requirements in respect of the Funds shares.
In addition, in order to requalify for taxation as a regulated investment company that is accorded
17
special tax treatment, the Fund may be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial
taxes and interest on such gains, and make certain substantial distributions.
Tax Shelter Reporting Regulations
Under Treasury regulations, if a shareholder recognizes a loss on disposition of the Funds shares
of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate
shareholder, the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct
shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement,
but under current guidance, shareholders of a regulated investment company are not excepted.
Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to shareholders of
most or all regulated investment companies. The fact that a loss is reportable under these
regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayers treatment of the loss
is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these
regulations in light of their individual circumstances.
State, Local and Other Tax Matters
The foregoing discussion relates only to U.S. federal income tax consequences of investing in the
Fund for shareholders who are U.S. citizens, residents or domestic corporations. The consequences
under other tax laws may differ. This discussion has not addressed all aspects of taxation that
may be relevant to particular shareholders in light of their own investment or tax circumstances,
or to particular types of shareholders (including insurance companies, financial institutions or
broker-dealers, tax-exempt entities, foreign corporations, and persons who are not citizens or
residents of the United States) subject to special treatment under the federal income tax laws.
This summary is based on the Code, the regulations thereunder, published rulings and court
decisions, all as currently in effect. These laws are subject to change, possibly on a retroactive
basis. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors about the precise tax consequences of an
investment in the Fund in light of their particular tax situation, including possible foreign,
state, local or other applicable tax laws.
Additionally, most states permit mutual funds, such as the Fund, to pass through to their
shareholders the state tax exemption on income earned from investments in certain direct U.S.
Treasury obligations, as well as some limited types of U.S. government agency securities (such as
Federal Farm Credit Bank and Federal Home Loan Bank securities), so long as the Fund meets all
applicable state requirements. Therefore, shareholders may be allowed to exclude from their state
income tax returns distributions made to them by the Fund to the extent attributable to interest
the Fund earned on such investments. The availability of these exemptions varies by state.
Investments in securities of certain U.S. government agencies, including securities issued by GNMA,
the Federal National Mortgage Association, and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, and
repurchase agreements collateralized by U.S. government securities generally do not qualify for
these exemptions. Moreover, these exemptions may not be available to corporate shareholders. All
shareholders should consult their tax advisors regarding the applicability of these exemptions to
their situation.
18
MANAGEMENT OF THE TRUST
The following tables present information regarding each Trustee and officer of the Trust as of the
date of this Statement of Additional Information. Each Trustees and officers date of birth
(DOB) is set forth after his or her name. Unless otherwise noted, (i) each Trustee and officer
has engaged in the principal occupation(s) noted in the table for at least the most recent five
years, although not necessarily in the same capacity, and (ii) the address of each Trustee and
officer is c/o GMO Trust, 40 Rowes Wharf, Boston, MA 02110. Each Trustee serves in office until
the earlier of (a) the election and qualification of a successor at the next meeting of
shareholders called to elect Trustees or (b) the Trustee dies, resigns, or is removed as provided
in the Trusts governing documents. Each of the Trustees of the Trust is not an interested person
of the Trust, as such term is used in the 1940 Act. Because the Fund does not hold annual meetings
of shareholders, each Trustee will hold office for an indeterminate period. Each officer serves in
office until his or her successor is elected and determined to be qualified to carry out the duties
and responsibilities of the office, or until the officer resigns or is removed from office.
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Number
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of
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Portfolios
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Name, Date of Birth,
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Principal
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in Fund
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and Position(s) Held
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Length of
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|
Occupation(s)
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|
Complex
|
|
Other
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with the Trust
|
|
Time Served
|
|
During Past 5 Years
|
|
Overseen
|
|
Directorships Held
|
Donald W. Glazer, Esq.
Chairman of the Board
of Trustees
DOB: 07/26/1944
|
|
Chairman of the
Board of Trustees
since March 2005;
Lead Independent
Trustee (September
2004-March 2005);
Trustee since
December 2000.
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ConsultantLaw and
Business
1
;
Author of Legal
Treatises.
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60
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None.
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W. Nicholas Thorndike
Trustee
DOB: 03/28/1933
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Since March 2005.
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Director or trustee
of various
corporations and
charitable
organizations,
including Courier
Corporation (a book
publisher and
manufacturer) (July
1989-present); Putnam
Funds (December
1992-June 2004); and
Providence Journal (a
newspaper publisher)
(December
1986-December 2003).
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60
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Director of Courier
Corporation (a book
publisher and
manufacturer);
Member of the
Investment
Committee of
Partners HealthCare
System,
Inc.
2
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Peter Tufano
Trustee
DOB: 04/22/1957
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Since December 2008.
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Sylvan C. Coleman
Professor of
Financial Management,
Harvard Business
School (since 1989).
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|
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60
|
|
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Trustee of State
Street Navigator
Securities Lending
Trust (3
Portfolios).
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19
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1
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As part of Mr. Glazers work as a consultant, he provides part-time consulting
services to Goodwin Procter LLP (Goodwin). Goodwin has provided legal services to Renewable
Resources, LLC, an affiliate of GMO; GMO, in connection with its
relationship with Renewable Resources; and funds managed by Renewable Resources. Mr. Glazer has
represented that he has no financial interest in, and is not involved in the provision of, such
legal services. In the calendar years ended December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2008, these
entities paid $789,416 and $183,775, respectively, in legal fees and disbursements to Goodwin. In
correspondence with the Staff of the SEC beginning in August 2006, the Independent Trustees legal
counsel provided the Staff with information regarding Mr. Glazers relationship with Goodwin and
his other business activities. On September 11, 2007, based on information that had been given to
the Staff as of that date, the Staff provided oral no-action assurance consistent with the opinion
of the Independent Trustees legal counsel that Mr. Glazer is not an interested person of the
Trust.
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2
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Partners HealthCare System, Inc. is a client of the Manager.
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Officers
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Position(s) Held
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Length
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Principal Occupation(s)
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Name and Date of Birth
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with the Trust
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of Time Served
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|
During Past 5 Years
1
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Scott Eston
DOB: 01/20/1956
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President and Chief
Executive Officer
|
|
President and Chief
Executive Officer
since October 2002;
Chief Financial
Officer, November
2006 February
2007.
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Chief Operating Officer and
Member, Grantham, Mayo, Van
Otterloo & Co. LLC.
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Sheppard N. Burnett
DOB: 10/24/1968
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Treasurer and Chief
Financial Officer
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Chief Financial
Officer since March
2007; Treasurer
since November
2006; Assistant
Treasurer,
September 2004
November 2006.
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Fund Administration Staff,
Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo &
Co. LLC (June 2004-present);
Vice President, Director of
Tax, Columbia Management Group
(2002-2004).
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Brent C. Arvidson
DOB: 06/26/1969
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|
Assistant Treasurer
|
|
Since August 1998.
|
|
Senior Fund Administrator,
Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo &
Co. LLC.
|
|
|
|
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John L. Nasrah
DOB: 05/27/1977
|
|
Assistant Treasurer
|
|
Since March 2007.
|
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Fund Administrator, Grantham,
Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co. LLC
(September 2004-present); Tax
Analyst, Bain & Company, Inc.
(June 2003-September 2004).
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Mahmoodur Rahman
DOB: 11/30/1967
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Assistant Treasurer
|
|
Since September
2007.
|
|
Fund Administrator, Grantham,
Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co. LLC
(April 2007-present); Vice
President and Senior Tax
Manager, Massachusetts
Financial Services Company
(January 2000-April 2007).
|
20
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Position(s) Held
|
|
Length
|
|
Principal Occupation(s)
|
Name and Date of Birth
|
|
with the Trust
|
|
of Time Served
|
|
During Past 5 Years
1
|
Michael E. Gillespie
DOB: 02/18/1958
|
|
Chief Compliance
Officer
|
|
Since March 2005.
|
|
Vice President of Compliance
(June 2004-February 2005) and
Director of Domestic
Compliance (March 2002-June
2004), Fidelity Investments.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jason B. Harrison
DOB: 01/29/1977
|
|
Vice President and
Clerk
|
|
Vice President
since November
2006; Clerk since
March 2006.
|
|
Legal Counsel, Grantham, Mayo,
Van Otterloo & Co. LLC (since
February 2006) and Attorney,
Ropes & Gray LLP (September
2002-February 2006).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
David L. Bohan
DOB: 06/21/1964
|
|
Vice President and
Assistant Clerk
|
|
Vice President
since March 2005;
Assistant Clerk
since March 2006.
|
|
Legal Counsel, Grantham, Mayo,
Van Otterloo & Co. LLC
(September 2003-present).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gregory L. Pottle
DOB: 07/09/1971
|
|
Vice President and
Assistant Clerk
|
|
Since November 2006.
|
|
Legal Counsel, Grantham, Mayo,
Van Otterloo & Co. LLC.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anne K. Trinque
DOB: 04/15/1978
|
|
Vice President and
Assistant Clerk
|
|
Since September
2007.
|
|
Legal Counsel, Grantham, Mayo,
Van Otterloo & Co. LLC.
(January 2007-present);
Attorney, Goodwin Procter LLP
(September 2003-January 2007).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cheryl Wakeham
DOB: 10/29/1958
|
|
Vice President and
Anti-Money
Laundering Officer
|
|
Since December 2004.
|
|
Manager, Client Service
Administration, Grantham,
Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co. LLC.
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
Each of Messrs. Burnett, Arvidson, Bohan, and Pottle serves as an officer and/or
director of certain pooled investment vehicles of which GMO or an affiliate of GMO serves as the
investment adviser.
|
Trustees Responsibilities.
Under the provisions of the GMO Declaration of Trust, the Trustees
manage the business of the Trust, an open-end management investment company. The Trustees have all
powers necessary or convenient to carry out that responsibility, including the power to engage in
securities transactions on behalf of the Trust. Without limiting the foregoing, the Trustees may:
adopt By-Laws not inconsistent with the Declaration of Trust providing for the regulation and
management of the affairs of the Trust; amend and repeal By-Laws to the extent that such By-Laws do
not reserve that right to the shareholders; fill vacancies in or remove members of the Board of
Trustees (including any vacancies created by an increase in the number of Trustees); remove members
of the Board of Trustees with or without cause; elect and remove such officers and appoint and
terminate agents as they consider appropriate; appoint members of the Board of Trustees to one or
more committees consisting of two or more Trustees, which may exercise the powers and authority of
the Trustees, and terminate any such appointments; employ one or more custodians of the assets of
the Trust and authorize such custodians to employ subcustodians and to deposit all or any part of
such assets in a system or systems for the central handling of securities or with a Federal Reserve
Bank; retain a transfer agent or a shareholder servicing agent, or both; provide for the
distribution of Shares by the Trust, through one or more principal underwriters or otherwise; set
record dates for the determination of Shareholders with respect to various matters; and in general
delegate such authority as they consider desirable to
21
any officer of the Trust, to any committee of
the Trustees, and to any agent or employee of the Trust or to any such custodian or underwriter.
The Board of Trustees has three standing committees: the Audit Committee, the Pricing Committee
and the Governance Committee. For the period from March 1, 2008 to February 28, 2009, the Audit
Committee held 5 meetings; the Pricing Committee held 16 meetings; and the Governance Committee
held 7 meetings.
The Committees assist the Board of Trustees in performing its functions under the 1940 Act and
Massachusetts law. The Audit Committee provides oversight with respect to the Trusts accounting,
its financial reporting policies and practices, the quality and objectivity of the Trusts
financial statements and the independent audit of those statements. In addition, the Audit
Committee appoints, determines the independence and compensation of, and oversees the work of the
Funds independent auditors and acts as a liaison between the Trusts independent auditors and the
Board of Trustees. Mr. Tufano and Mr. Glazer are members of the Audit Committee. Mr. Tufano is
the Chairman of the Audit Committee. The Pricing Committee oversees the valuation of the Funds
securities and other assets. The Pricing Committee also reviews and makes recommendations
regarding the Trusts Pricing Policies and, to the extent required by the Pricing Policies,
determines the fair value of the Funds securities or other assets, as well as performs such other
duties as may be delegated to it by the Board. Mr. Glazer and Mr. Tufano are members of the
Pricing Committee. Mr. Glazer is the Chairman of the Pricing Committee. The Governance Committee
oversees general Fund governance-related matters, including making recommendations to the Board of
Trustees relating to Trust governance, performing functions mandated by the 1940 Act, as delegated
to it by the Board of Trustees, considering the skills, qualifications, and independence of the
Trustees, proposing candidates to serve as Trustees, and overseeing the determination that any
person serving as legal counsel for the Independent Trustees meets the 1940 Act requirements for
being independent legal counsel. Mr. Glazer, Mr. Thorndike, and Mr. Tufano are members of the
Governance Committee. Mr. Thorndike is the Chairman of the Governance Committee.
Shareholders may recommend nominees to the Board of Trustees by writing the Board of Trustees, c/o
GMO Trust Chief Compliance Officer, GMO Trust, 40 Rowes Wharf, Boston, Massachusetts 02110. A
recommendation must (i) be in writing and signed by the shareholder, (ii) identify the Fund to
which it relates, and (iii) identify the class and number of shares held by the shareholder.
Trustee Fund Ownership
The following table sets forth ranges of the current Trustees direct beneficial share ownership in
the Fund and the aggregate dollar ranges of their direct beneficial share ownership in all Funds of
the Trust (including Funds not offered in the Prospectus). Information is provided as of December
31, 2008.
22
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of Shares
|
|
|
|
|
Directly Owned in all
|
|
|
Dollar Range of
|
|
Funds of the Trust (whether
|
|
|
Shares Directly
|
|
or not offered in the Prospectus)
|
Name
|
|
Owned in the Fund*
|
|
Overseen by Trustee
|
Donald W. Glazer
|
|
None
|
|
Over $100,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Nicholas Thorndike
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
|
|
Peter Tufano
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
*
|
|
The Fund will commence operations on or following the date of this Statement of Additional
Information and, therefore, has not yet offered any shares for sale.
|
The following table sets forth ranges of Mr. Glazers indirect beneficial share ownership in the
Fund and the aggregate dollar range of his indirect beneficial share ownership in all Funds of the
Trust (including Funds not offered in the Prospectus), as of December 31, 2008, by virtue of his
direct ownership of shares of certain Funds (as disclosed in the table immediately above) that
invest in other Funds of the Trust and of other private investment companies managed by the Manager
that invest in Funds of the Trust.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of Shares
|
|
|
|
|
Indirectly Owned in all
|
|
|
Dollar Range of
|
|
Funds of the Trust (whether
|
|
|
Shares Indirectly Owned
|
|
or not offered in the Prospectus)
|
Name
|
|
in the Fund*
|
|
Overseen by Trustee
|
Donald W. Glazer
|
|
None
|
|
Over $100,000
|
|
|
|
*
|
|
The Fund will commence operations on or following the date of this Statement of Additional
Information and, therefore, has not yet offered any shares for sale.
|
Trustee Ownership of Securities Issued by the Manager or Principal Underwriter
None.
Trustee Ownership of Related Companies
The following table sets forth information about securities owned by the Trustees and their family
members, as of December 31, 2008, in entities directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or
under common control with the Manager or Funds Distributor, LLC, the Funds principal underwriter.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name of
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name of Non-
|
|
Owner(s) and
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interested
|
|
Relationship
|
|
|
|
Title of
|
|
Value of
|
|
|
Trustee
|
|
to Trustee
|
|
Company
|
|
Class
|
|
Securities
2
|
|
% of Class
|
Donald W. Glazer
|
|
Self
|
|
GMO Multi-Strategy
Fund (Offshore), a
private investment
company managed by
the
Manager.
1
|
|
Limited partnership
interest- Class A
|
|
$
|
1,179,264
|
|
|
|
0.04
|
%
|
23
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name of
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name of Non-
|
|
Owner(s) and
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interested
|
|
Relationship
|
|
|
|
Title of
|
|
Value of
|
|
|
Trustee
|
|
to Trustee
|
|
Company
|
|
Class
|
|
Securities
2
|
|
% of Class
|
W. Nicholas
Thorndike
|
|
N/A
|
|
None
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Peter Tufano
|
|
N/A
|
|
None
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
The Manager may be deemed to control this fund by virtue of its serving as
investment manager of the fund.
|
|
|
2
|
|
Securities valued as of December 31, 2008.
|
|
Remuneration.
The Trust has adopted a compensation policy for its Trustees. Each Trustee receives
an annual retainer from the Trust for his services. In addition, each Chairman of the Trusts
standing committees and the Chairman of the Board of Trustees receive an annual fee. Each Trustee
also is paid a fee for participating in in-person and telephone meetings of the Board of Trustees
and its committees, and a fee for consideration of actions proposed to be taken by written consent.
The Trust pays no additional compensation for travel time to meetings, attendance at directors
educational seminars or conferences, service on industry or association committees, participation
as speakers at directors conferences, or service on special director task forces or subcommittees,
although the Trust does reimburse Trustees for seminar or conference fees and for travel expenses
incurred in connection with attendance at seminars or conferences. The Trustees do not receive any
employee benefits such as pension or retirement benefits or health insurance. All current Trustees
of the Trust are non-interested Trustees.
Other than as set forth in the table below, no Trustee of the Trust received any direct
compensation from the Trust or the Fund during the Trusts fiscal year ended February 28, 2009, and
no officer of the Trust received aggregate compensation exceeding $60,000 from the Fund:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name of Person, Position
|
|
|
Donald W.
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Nicholas
|
|
|
|
|
Glazer, Esq.,
|
|
Jay O. Light,
|
|
Thorndike,
|
|
Peter Tufano,
|
|
|
Trustee
|
|
Trustee
1
|
|
Trustee
|
|
Trustee
2
|
Compensation from the Fund:
|
|
$
|
2,800
|
3
|
|
$
|
0
|
3
|
|
$
|
2,400
|
3
|
|
$
|
2,300
|
3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pension or Retirement Benefits Accrued
as Part of Fund Expenses:
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated Annual Benefits Upon
Retirement:
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Compensation from the Trust:
|
|
$
|
399,390
|
4
|
|
$
|
261,068
|
4
|
|
$
|
311,653
|
4
|
|
$
|
20,933
|
4
|
24
|
|
|
1
|
|
Mr. Light resigned as a Trustee effective December 2008 and no longer serves as a
Trustee of the Trust.
|
|
|
2
|
|
Mr. Tufano was elected as a Trustee effective December 2008.
|
|
|
3
|
|
Reflects an estimate of the direct compensation to be paid to each Trustee for the
Funds initial fiscal year ending February 28,
2010. Actual direct compensation paid to the Trustees will vary depending on the net assets of the
Fund throughout its initial fiscal year.
|
|
|
4
|
|
Reflects actual direct compensation received during the fiscal year ended February 28,
2009 from Funds of the Trust that had commenced operations on or before February 28, 2009,
including Funds that are not offered through the Prospectus.
|
|
Mr. Eston does not receive any compensation from the Trust, but as a member of the Manager will
benefit from the management fees paid by the Fund and various other Funds of the Trust not offered
through the Prospectus. The officers of the Trust do not receive any employee benefits such as
pension or retirement benefits or health insurance from the Trust.
The Fund will commence operations on or following the date of this Statement of Additional
Information. Therefore, as of the date hereof, the Trustees and officers of the Trust as a group
owned less than 1% of the outstanding shares of each class of shares of the Fund.
Code of Ethics.
The Trust and the Manager have each adopted a Code of Ethics pursuant to the
requirements of the 1940 Act. Under the Code of Ethics, personnel are permitted to engage in
personal securities transactions only in accordance with specified conditions relating to their
position, the identity of the security, the timing of the transaction, and similar factors.
Transactions in securities that may be purchased or held by the Fund are permitted, subject to
compliance with the Code. Personal securities transactions must be reported quarterly and broker
confirmations must be provided for review.
The non-interested Trustees of the Trust are subject to a separate Code of Ethics for the
Independent Trustees pursuant to the requirements of the 1940 Act. Transactions by the Independent
Trustees in securities, including securities that may be purchased or held by the Fund, are
permitted, subject to compliance with the Code of Ethics. Pursuant to the Code of Ethics, an
Independent Trustee ordinarily is not required to report his or her personal securities
transactions or to identify his or her brokerage accounts to the Fund or its representatives,
subject to certain limited exceptions specified in the Code of Ethics.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES
Management Contract
As disclosed in the Prospectus under the heading Management of the Fund, under the Management
Contract (the Management Contract) between the Trust, on behalf of the Fund, and the Manager,
subject to such policies as the Trustees of the Trust may determine, the Manager furnishes
continuously an investment or asset allocation program, as applicable, for the Fund, and makes
investment decisions on behalf of the Fund and places all orders for the purchase and sale of
portfolio securities. Subject to the control of the Trustees, the Manager also manages,
supervises, and conducts the other affairs and business of the Trust, furnishes office space and
equipment, provides bookkeeping and certain clerical services, and pays all salaries, fees, and
expenses of officers and Trustees of the Trust who are affiliated with the Manager. As indicated
under Portfolio Transactions Brokerage and Research Services, the Trusts portfolio
transactions may be placed with broker-dealers who furnish the Manager, at no cost,
25
research,
statistical and quotation services of value to the Manager in advising the Trust or its other
clients.
As disclosed in the Prospectus, the Manager has contractually agreed to reimburse the Fund for
specified Fund expenses through at least June 30, 2010.
The Management Contract provides that the Manager shall not be subject to any liability in
connection with the performance of its services in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith,
gross negligence, or reckless disregard of its obligations and duties.
The Management Contract was approved by the Trustees of the Trust (including a majority of the
Trustees who were not interested persons of the Manager) and by the Funds sole initial
shareholder in connection with the organization of the Trust and the establishment of the Fund.
The Management Contract continues in effect for a period of two years from the date of its
execution and continuously thereafter so long as its continuance is approved at least annually by
(i) the vote, cast in person at a meeting called for that purpose, of a majority of those Trustees
who are not interested persons of the Manager or the Trust, and by (ii) the majority vote of
either the full Board of Trustees or the vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund.
The Management Contract automatically terminates on assignment, and is terminable on not more than
60 days notice by the Trust to the Manager. In addition, each Management Contract may be
terminated on not more than 60 days written notice by the Manager to the Trust.
The Funds Management Fee is calculated based on a fixed percentage of the Funds average daily net
assets. The Fund will commence operations on or following the date of this Statement of Additional
Information and, therefore, has not yet paid the Manager any Management Fees as of the date hereof.
However, once the Fund commences operations, it will pay to the Manager a Management Fee at an
annual rate of 0.08% of the Funds average daily net assets.
In the event that the Manager ceases to be the manager of the Fund, the right of the Trust to use
the identifying name GMO may be withdrawn.
Portfolio Management
Day-to-day management of the Fund is the responsibility of GMOs Fixed Income Division, which is
comprised of investment professionals associated with the Manager. The Fixed Income Divisions
members work collaboratively to manage the Funds portfolio, and no one person is primarily
responsible for day-to-day management of the Fund.
The following table sets forth information about accounts overseen or managed by the senior members
of GMOs Fixed Income Division as of February 28, 2009.
26
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Registered investment companies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
managed (including non-GMO mutual fund
|
|
Other pooled investment vehicles
|
|
Separate accounts managed
|
Senior Member
|
|
subadvisory relationships)
|
|
managed (world-wide)
|
|
(world-wide)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of
|
|
|
|
|
Number of accounts
1
|
|
Total assets
1,2
|
|
accounts
|
|
Total assets
|
|
accounts
|
|
Total assets
|
Thomas Cooper
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
$
|
7,072,485,308
|
|
|
|
13
|
|
|
$
|
3,041,725,721
|
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
$
|
2,168,719,377
|
|
William Nemerever
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
$
|
7,072,485,308
|
|
|
|
13
|
|
|
$
|
3,041,725,721
|
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
$
|
2,168,719,377
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Registered investment companies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
managed for which GMO receives a
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
performance-based fee (including non-
|
|
Other pooled investment vehicles
|
|
Separate accounts managed (world-
|
|
|
GMO mutual fund subadvisory
|
|
managed (world-wide) for which GMO
|
|
wide) for which GMO receives a
|
|
|
relationships)
|
|
receives a performance-based fee
|
|
performance-based fee
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of
|
|
|
|
|
Number of accounts
|
|
Total assets
|
|
accounts
|
|
Total assets
|
|
accounts
|
|
Total assets
|
Thomas Cooper
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
$
|
1,401,899,548
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
$
|
1,039,790,211
|
|
William Nemerever
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
$
|
1,401,899,548
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
$
|
1,039,790,211
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
Includes Funds of the Trust (including Funds not offered through the Prospectus) that
had commenced operations on or before February 28, 2009. Does not include the Fund because the
Fund had not commenced operations as of February 28, 2009.
|
|
|
2
|
|
For some senior members, Total assets includes assets invested by other Funds of the
Trust.
|
27
Because each senior member manages other accounts, including accounts that pay higher fees or
accounts that pay performance-based fees, potential conflicts of interest exist, including
potential conflicts between the investment strategy of the Fund and the investment strategy of the
other accounts managed by the senior member and potential conflicts in the allocation of investment
opportunities between the Fund and the other accounts.
Senior members of each division are generally members (partners) of GMO. As of February 28, 2009,
the compensation of each senior member consisted of a fixed annual base salary, a partnership
interest in the firms profits and, possibly, an additional, discretionary, bonus related to the
senior members contribution to GMOs success. The compensation program does not
disproportionately reward outperformance by higher fee/performance fee products. Base salary is
determined by taking into account current industry norms and market data to ensure that GMO pays a
competitive base salary. The level of partnership interest is determined by taking into account
the individuals contribution to GMO and its mission statement. A discretionary bonus may also be
paid to recognize specific business contributions and to ensure that the total level of
compensation is competitive with the market. Because each persons compensation is based on his or
her individual performance, GMO does not have a typical percentage split among base salary, bonus
and other compensation. A GMO membership interest is the primary incentive for persons to maintain
employment with GMO. GMO believes this is the best incentive to maintain stability of portfolio
management personnel.
Senior Member Fund Ownership
.
The Fund will commence operations on or following the date of this
Statement of Additional Information and has not yet offered any shares for sale. Therefore, as of
the date hereof, neither Mr. Cooper nor Mr. Nemerever had any direct or indirect beneficial
ownership in the Fund.
Custodial Arrangements and Fund Accounting Agent
.
State Street Bank and Trust Company (State
Street Bank), One Lincoln Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111 serves as the Trusts custodian and
fund accounting agent on behalf of the Fund. As such, State Street Bank holds in safekeeping
certificated securities and cash belonging to the Fund and, in such capacity, is the registered
owner of securities in book-entry form belonging to the Fund. Upon instruction, State Street Bank
receives and delivers cash and securities of the Fund in connection with Fund transactions and
collects all dividends and other distributions made with respect to Fund portfolio securities.
State Street Bank also maintains certain accounts and records of the Trust and calculates the total
net asset value, total net income and net asset value per share of the Fund on a daily basis.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
.
The Trusts independent registered public
accounting firm is PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, 125 High Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02110.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP conducts annual audits of the Trusts financial statements, assists in
the preparation of the Funds federal and state income tax returns, consults with the Trust as to
matters of accounting and federal and state income taxation, and provides assistance in connection
with the preparation of various SEC filings.
Distributor
.
Funds Distributor, LLC, 10 High Street, Suite 302, Boston, Massachusetts 02110, serves as the
Trusts distributor on behalf of the Fund. GMO pays all distribution-related expenses of the Fund.
28
Counsel
.
Ropes & Gray LLP, One International Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02110, serves as counsel
to the Trust. Bingham McCutchen LLP, 150 Federal Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02110, serves as
independent counsel to the non-interested Trustees of the Trust.
Transfer Agent
.
State Street Bank serves as the Trusts transfer agent on behalf of the Fund.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS
The Manager makes decisions to buy and sell portfolio securities for the Fund and for each of its
other investment advisory clients with a view to achieving each clients investment objectives,
taking into consideration client-specific factors such as, without limitation, cash flows into or
out of a client account, the accounts benchmarks, and cash restrictions. Therefore, a particular
security may be bought or sold for certain clients of the Manager even though it could have been
bought or sold for other clients at the same time. Also, a particular security may be bought for
one or more clients when one or more other clients are selling the security or taking a short
position in the security, including clients managed by the same investment division. It is the
Managers policy to aggregate and allocate portfolio trades in a manner that seeks to ensure that
each client receives fair and equitable treatment over time, as well as best execution.
In certain cases, the Manager may identify investment opportunities that are suitable for the Fund
and one or more private investment companies for which the Manager or one of its affiliates serves
as investment manager, general partner and/or managing member (GMO Private Funds). In most
cases, the Manager receives greater compensation in respect of a GMO Private Fund (including
incentive-based compensation) than it receives in respect of the Fund. In addition, senior members
or other portfolio managers frequently have a personal investment in a GMO Private Fund that is
greater than such persons investment in a similar GMO Fund (or, in some cases, may have no
investment in the similar GMO Fund). The Manager itself also makes investments in GMO Private
Funds. To help manage these potential conflicts, the Manager has developed and reviewed with the
Trusts Board of Trustees trade allocation policies that establish a framework for allocating
initial public offerings (IPOs) and other limited opportunities that takes into account the needs
and objectives of each Fund and the other GMO clients. One of the Private Funds managed by GMOs
Emerging Markets Division, the GMO Emerging Illiquid Fund L.P. (EIF), focuses on investments with
relatively less liquidity. Consequently, certain types of investments, including securities of
companies with smaller market capitalizations, IPOs and private placements with smaller offering
sizes and other relatively less liquid investments will, within the Emerging Markets Division,
ordinarily be allocated 100% to EIF as opposed to other Emerging Markets strategies (including GMO
Emerging Markets Fund). In other cases, the GMO Emerging Markets strategies (including GMO
Emerging Markets Fund) and EIF will receive an allocation of limited investments that are suitable
for each, but the GMO Emerging Markets strategies (including GMO Emerging Markets Fund) may receive
a lesser allocation, or no allocation, of such investments than would be the case if the allocation
were pro rated by assets. As a result, there may be cases where EIF receives an allocation of a
specific limited opportunity greater than would be the case if the allocation were pro rated by
assets. Similar issues may arise with respect to the disposition of such securities. In general,
the Emerging Markets Division and other GMO Divisions divide IPOs between themselves pro rata based
upon indications of interest.
29
Transactions involving the issuance of Fund shares for securities or assets other than cash will be
limited to a bona fide reorganization or statutory merger and to other acquisitions of portfolio
securities that meet all of the following conditions: (i) such securities meet the investment
objectives and policies of the Fund; (ii) such securities are acquired for investment and not for
resale; and (iii) such securities can be valued pursuant to the Trusts pricing policies.
Brokerage and Research Services
.
In selecting brokers and dealers to effect portfolio transactions
for the Fund, the Manager seeks best execution. Best execution is not based solely on the explicit
commission charged by the broker/dealer and consequently, a broker/dealer effecting a transaction
may be paid a commission higher than that charged by another broker/dealer. The determination of
what may constitute best execution involves a number of considerations, including, without
limitation, the overall net economic result to the Fund, the efficiency with which the transaction
is effected, access to order flow, the ability of the executing broker/dealer to effect the
transaction where a large block is involved, reliability (e.g., lack of failed trades),
availability of the broker/dealer to stand ready to execute possibly difficult transactions in the
future, in the case of fixed income securities, the broker/dealers inventory of securities sought,
the financial strength and stability of the broker/dealer, and the relative weighting of
opportunity costs (i.e. timeliness of execution) by different strategies. In some instances, the
Manager may utilize principal bids with consideration to such factors as reported broker flow, past
bids, and a firms ability and willingness to commit capital. Most of the foregoing are judgmental
considerations made in advance of the trade and are not always borne out by the actual execution.
The Managers broker/dealer selection may, in addition to the factors listed above, also be based
on research services provided by the broker/dealer. The Manager may also direct trades to
broker/dealers based in part on the broker/dealers history of providing, and capability to
continue providing, pricing information for securities purchased. Best execution may be determined
for investment strategies without regard to client specific limitations (e.g., limits on the use of
derivatives for anticipatory hedging).
Generally, the Manager determines the overall reasonableness of brokerage commissions paid upon
consideration of the relative merits of a number of factors, which may include: (i) the net
economic effect to the Fund, (ii) historical and current commission rates, (iii) the kind and
quality of the execution services rendered, (iv) the size and nature of the transactions effected,
and (v) research services received. In some instances, the Manager may evaluate best execution on
principal bids based on the total commissions charged (the bid for handling a trade as a principal
trade) since the trades were filled at the price set at an agreed upon time (e.g., previous nights
close) and any additional impact or cost is represented by the cents per share extra paid in
addition to a typical commission rate. These factors are considered mostly over multiple
transactions covering extended periods of time and are used to evaluate the relative performance of
the brokers and other institutions used to effect transactions for accounts.
As noted, seeking best price and execution involves the weighting of qualitative as well as
quantitative factors and evaluations of best execution are, to a large extent, possible only after
multiple trades have been completed. Particularly in non-U.S. markets, the Manager does place
trades with broker/dealers that provide investment ideas and other research services, even if the
relevant broker has not yet demonstrated an ability to effect best price and execution; however,
trading with such a broker (as with any and all brokers) will be curtailed or suspended if the
Manager is not reasonably satisfied with the quality of particular trade executions, unless or
until
30
the broker has altered its execution capabilities in such a way that the Manager can reasonably
conclude that the broker is capable of achieving best price and execution.
The Manager will frequently use broker/dealers that provide research in all markets, and that
research is a factor in evaluating broker/dealer commissions. In all cases the research services
received by the Manager are limited to the types of research contemplated by Section 28(e) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the 1934 Act), and the Manager relies on the
statutory safe harbor in Section 28(e) of the 1934 Act. However, the Manager does not directly
participate in any soft dollar arrangements involving third party research (i.e., research provided
by someone other than the broker/dealer) or the payment of any of the Managers out-of-pocket
expenses. Research services provided by broker/dealers take various forms, including personal
interviews with analysts, written reports, pricing services in respect of fixed income securities,
and meetings arranged with various sources of information regarding particular issuers, industries,
governmental policies, economic trends, and other matters. To the extent that services of value
are received by the Manager, the Manager may avoid expenses that might otherwise be incurred. Such
services furnished to the Manager may be used in furnishing investment advice to all of the
Managers clients, including the Fund. Services received from a broker/dealer that executed
transactions for the Fund will not necessarily be used by the Manager specifically to service the
Fund.
The Fund will commence operations on or following the date of this Statement of Additional
Information and, therefore, the Trust, on behalf of the Fund, has not yet paid any brokerage
commissions, and the Fund not has held any securities of any regular brokers or dealers (as defined
in Rule 10b-1 under the 1940 Act) or of their parents.
Due to restrictions under the 1940 Act, it is possible that, as the result of certain affiliations
between a broker/dealer or its affiliates and the Fund, the Manager or the Funds distributor, the
Fund may refrain, or be required to refrain, from engaging in principal trades with such
broker/dealer. Additionally, the Fund may be restricted in its ability to purchase securities
issued by affiliates of the Funds distributor.
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
The Trust has adopted a proxy voting policy under which responsibility to vote proxies related to
its portfolio securities has been delegated to the Manager. The Board of Trustees of the Trust has
reviewed and approved the proxy voting policies and procedures the Manager follows when voting
proxies on behalf of the Fund. The Trusts proxy voting policy and the Managers proxy voting
policies and procedures are attached to this Statement of Additional Information as
Appendix
B
.
The Managers proxy voting policies on a particular issue may or may not reflect the views of
individual members of the Board of Trustees of the Trust, or a majority of the Board of Trustees.
Information regarding how the Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most
recent 12-month period ended June 30 will be available on the Trusts website at www.gmo.com and on
the Securities and Exchange Commissions website at www.sec.gov no later than August 31 of each
year.
31
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS
The policy of the Trust is to protect the confidentiality of the Funds portfolio holdings and to
prevent inappropriate selective disclosure of those holdings. The Board of Trustees has approved
this policy and material amendments require its approval.
Registered investment companies that are sub-advised by GMO may be subject to different portfolio
holdings disclosure policies, and neither GMO nor the Board of Trustees exercises control over
those policies. In addition, separate account clients of GMO have access to their portfolio
holdings and are not subject to the Funds portfolio holdings disclosure policies. Some of the
funds that are sub-advised by GMO and some of the separate accounts managed by GMO have
substantially similar investment objectives and strategies and, therefore, potentially similar
portfolio holdings.
Neither GMO nor the Fund will receive any compensation or other consideration in connection with
its disclosure of the Funds portfolio holdings.
GMO may disclose the Funds portfolio holdings (together with any other information from which the
Funds portfolio holdings could reasonably be derived, as reasonably determined by GMO) (the
Portfolio Holdings Information) to shareholders, qualified potential shareholders as determined
by GMO, and their consultants and agents (collectively, Permitted Recipients) by means of the GMO
website. The Funds Prospectus describes the type of information disclosed on GMOs website, as
well as the frequency with which it is disclosed and the lag between the date of the information
and the date of its disclosure. The top fifteen holdings of certain Funds of the Trust may be
posted monthly on GMOs website. In addition, in response to heightened market interest in
specific issuers, the Funds holdings in one or more issuers may be made available on a more
frequent basis to shareholders as described in the Prospectus. No confidentiality agreement is
needed to access this information. GMO also may make Portfolio Holdings Information available to
Permitted Recipients by email, or by any other means in such scope and form and with such frequency
as GMO may reasonably determine, no earlier than the day next following the day on which the
Portfolio Holdings Information is posted on the GMO website (provided that the Funds Prospectus
describes the nature and scope of the Portfolio Holdings Information that will be available on the
GMO website, when the information will be available and the period for which the information will
remain available, and the location on the Funds website where the information will be made
available) or on the same day as a publicly available, routine filing with the SEC that includes
the Portfolio Holdings Information.
To receive Portfolio Holdings Information, Permitted Recipients must enter into a confidentiality
agreement with GMO and the Trust that requires that the Portfolio Holdings Information be used
solely for purposes determined by senior management of GMO to be in the best interest of the
shareholders of the Fund.
In some cases, GMO may disclose to a third party Portfolio Holdings Information that has not been
made available to Permitted Recipients on the GMO website or in a publicly available, routine
filing with the SEC. That disclosure may only be made if senior management of GMO determines that
it is in the best interests of the shareholders of the Fund. In addition, the third party
receiving the Portfolio Holdings Information must enter into a confidentiality agreement
32
with GMO and the Trust that requires that the Portfolio Holdings Information be used solely for
purposes determined by GMO senior management to be in the best interest of the Funds shareholders.
GMO will seek to monitor a recipients use of the Portfolio Holdings Information provided under
these agreements and, if the terms of the agreements are violated, terminate disclosure and take
appropriate action.
The procedures pursuant to which GMO may disclose to a third party Portfolio Holdings Information
that has not been made available to Permitted Recipients do not apply to Portfolio Holdings
Information provided to entities who provide on-going services to the Fund in connection with its
day-to-day operations and management, including GMO, GMOs affiliates, the Funds custodians and
auditors, the Funds pricing service vendors, broker-dealers when requesting bids for or price
quotations on securities, brokers in the normal course of trading on the Funds behalf, and persons
assisting the Fund in the voting of proxies. In addition, when an investor indicates that it wants
to purchase shares of the Fund in exchange for securities acceptable to GMO, GMO may make available
a list of securities that it would be willing to accept for the Fund, and, from time to time, the
securities on the list may overlap with securities currently held by the Fund.
No provision of this policy is intended to restrict or prevent the disclosure of Portfolio Holdings
Information as may be required by applicable law, rules or regulations.
Senior management of GMO may authorize any exceptions to these procedures. Exceptions must be
disclosed to the Chief Compliance Officer of the Trust.
If senior management of GMO identifies a potential conflict with respect to the disclosure of
Portfolio Holdings Information between the interests of the Funds shareholders, on the one hand,
and GMO or an affiliated person of GMO or the Fund, on the other, GMO is required to inform the
Trusts Chief Compliance Officer of the potential conflict, and the Trusts Chief Compliance
Officer has the power to decide whether, in light of the potential conflict, disclosure should be
permitted under the circumstances. The Trusts Chief Compliance Officer also is required to report
his decision to the Board of Trustees.
GMO periodically reports the following information to the Board of Trustees:
|
|
|
Determinations made by senior management of GMO relating to the use of Portfolio
Holdings Information by Permitted Recipients and third parties;
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|
|
|
|
The nature and scope of disclosure of Portfolio Holdings Information to third parties;
|
|
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|
|
Exceptions to the disclosure policy authorized by senior management of GMO; and
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Any other information the Trustees may request relating to the disclosure of Portfolio
Holdings Information.
|
Ongoing Arrangements To Make Portfolio Holdings Available
.
Senior management of GMO has authorized
disclosure of Portfolio Holdings Information on an on-going basis (generally, daily, except with
respect to PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, which receives holdings quarterly
33
and as necessary in connection with the services it provides to the Fund) to the following entities
that provide on-going services to the Fund in connection with its day-to-day operations and
management, provided that they agree or have a duty to maintain this information in confidence:
|
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Name of Recipient
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|
Purpose of Disclosure
|
State Street Bank and Trust Company
|
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Custodial services and compliance testing
|
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Boston Global Advisors
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Securities lending services
|
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PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
|
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Independent registered public accounting
firm
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RiskMetrics Group
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Corporate actions services
|
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FactSet
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Data service provider
|
Senior management of GMO has authorized disclosure of Portfolio Holdings Information on an on-going
basis (daily) to the following recipients, provided that they agree or have a duty to maintain this
information in confidence and are limited to using the information for the specific purpose for
which it was provided:
|
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Name of Recipient
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Purpose of Disclosure
|
Epstein & Associates, Inc.
|
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Software provider for Code of Ethics
monitoring system
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Financial Models Company Inc.
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Recordkeeping system
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DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST AND OWNERSHIP OF SHARES
The Trust, an open-end management investment company, is organized as a Massachusetts business
trust under the laws of Massachusetts by an Agreement and Declaration of Trust (Declaration of
Trust) dated June 24, 1985, as amended and restated June 23, 2000, and as such Declaration of
Trust may be amended from time to time. A copy of the Declaration of Trust is on file with the
Secretary of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The Trust operates as a series investment
company that consists of separate series of investment portfolios, each of which is represented by
a separate series of shares of beneficial interest. The Fund is a series of the Trust. The fiscal
year for the Fund ends on the last day of February.
Pursuant to the Declaration of Trust, the Trustees have currently authorized the issuance of an
unlimited number of full and fractional shares of sixty series: Tobacco-Free Core Fund; U.S.
Quality Equity Fund; Real Estate Fund; Tax-Managed U.S. Equities Fund; International Intrinsic
Value Fund; Currency Hedged International Equity Fund; Foreign Fund; Foreign Small Companies Fund;
International Small Companies Fund; Emerging Markets Fund; Emerging Countries Fund; Tax-Managed
International Equities Fund; Domestic Bond Fund; Core Plus
34
Bond Fund; International Bond Fund; Currency Hedged International Bond Fund; Global Bond Fund;
Emerging Country Debt Fund; Short-Duration Investment Fund; Alpha Only Fund; Benchmark-Free
Allocation Fund; International Equity Allocation Fund; Global Balanced Asset Allocation Fund;
Global Equity Allocation Fund; U.S. Equity Allocation Fund; Special Purpose Holding Fund;
Short-Duration Collateral Fund; Taiwan Fund; Global Growth Fund; World Opportunity Overlay Fund;
Alternative Asset Opportunity Fund; Strategic Opportunities Allocation Fund; World Opportunities
Equity Allocation Fund; Developed World Stock Fund; U.S. Growth Fund; International Core Equity
Fund; International Growth Equity Fund; U.S. Intrinsic Value Fund; U.S. Small/Mid Cap Growth Fund;
U.S. Small/Mid Cap Value Fund; U.S. Core Equity Fund; Short-Duration Collateral Share Fund;
Strategic Fixed Income Fund; International Opportunities Equity Allocation Fund; Inflation Indexed
Plus Bond Fund; Special Situations Fund; Flexible Equities Fund; U.S. Treasury Fund; Asset
Allocation Bond Fund; Arlington Fund; Berkeley Fund; Clarendon Fund; Dartmouth Fund; Exeter Fund;
Fairfield Fund; Gloucester Fund; Hereford Fund; Ipswich Fund; St. James Fund; and International
Asset Allocation Bond Fund.
Interests in each portfolio (Fund) are represented by shares of the corresponding series. Each
share of each series represents an equal proportionate interest, together with each other share, in
the corresponding Fund. The shares of such series do not have any preemptive rights. Upon
liquidation of a Fund, shareholders of the corresponding series are entitled to share pro rata in
the net assets of the Fund available for distribution to shareholders. The Declaration of Trust
also permits the Trustees to charge shareholders directly for custodial, transfer agency, and
servicing expenses, but the Trustees have no present intention to make such charges.
The Declaration of Trust also permits the Trustees, without shareholder approval, to subdivide any
series of shares into various sub-series or classes of shares with such dividend preferences and
other rights as the Trustees may designate. This power is intended to allow the Trustees to
provide for an equitable allocation of the effect of any future regulatory requirements that might
affect various classes of shareholders differently. The Trustees have currently authorized the
establishment and designation of up to nine classes of shares for each series of the Trust: Class
I Shares, Class II Shares, Class III Shares, Class IV Shares, Class V Shares, Class VI Shares,
Class VII Shares, Class VIII Shares, and Class M Shares.
The Trustees may also, without shareholder approval, establish one or more additional separate
portfolios for investments in the Trust or merge two or more existing portfolios (i.e., a new
fund). Shareholders investments in such a portfolio would be evidenced by a separate series of
shares.
The Declaration of Trust provides for the perpetual existence of the Trust. The Trust, however, may
be terminated at any time by vote of at least two-thirds of the outstanding shares of the Trust.
While the Declaration of Trust further provides that the Trustees may also terminate the Trust upon
written notice to the shareholders, the 1940 Act requires that the Trust receive the authorization
of a majority of its outstanding shares in order to change the nature of its business so as to
cease to be an investment company.
Shareholders should be aware that to the extent a shareholders investment in the Fund exceeds
certain threshold amounts or percentages, the investment may constitute a reportable acquisition
35
under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Act (HSR) and the shareholder may be required to make a corresponding
filing under HSR. HSR regulations are complex and shareholders should consult their legal advisers
about the precise HSR filing consequences of an investment in the Fund.
VOTING RIGHTS
Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each full share held (with fractional votes for
fractional shares held) and to vote by individual Fund (to the extent described below) in the
election of Trustees and the termination of the Trust and on other matters submitted to the vote of
shareholders. Shareholders vote by individual Fund on all matters except (i) when required by the
1940 Act, shares are voted in the aggregate and not by individual Fund, and (ii) when the Trustees
have determined that the matter affects the interests of more than one Fund, then shareholders of
the affected Funds are entitled to vote. Shareholders of one Fund are not entitled to vote on
matters exclusively affecting another Fund including, without limitation, such matters as the
adoption of or change in the investment objectives, policies, or restrictions of the other Fund and
the approval of the investment advisory contract of the other Fund. Shareholders of a particular
class of shares do not have separate class voting rights except for matters that affect only that
class of shares and as otherwise required by law.
Normally the Trust does not hold meetings of shareholders to elect Trustees except in accordance
with the 1940 Act (i) the Trust will hold a shareholders meeting for the election of Trustees at
such time as less than a majority of the Trustees holding office have been elected by shareholders,
and (ii) if, as a result of a vacancy in the Board of Trustees, less than two-thirds of the
Trustees holding office have been elected by the shareholders, that vacancy may only be filled by a
vote of the shareholders. In addition, Trustees may be removed from office by a written consent
signed by the holders of two-thirds of the outstanding shares and filed with the Trusts custodian
or by a vote of the holders of two-thirds of the outstanding shares at a meeting duly called for
that purpose, which meeting shall be held upon the written request of the holders of not less than
10% of the outstanding shares. Upon written request by the holders of at least 1% of the
outstanding shares stating that such shareholders wish to communicate with the other shareholders
for the purpose of obtaining the signatures necessary to demand a meeting to consider removal of a
Trustee, the Trust has undertaken to provide a list of shareholders or to disseminate appropriate
materials (at the expense of the requesting shareholders). Except as set forth above, the Trustees
will continue to hold office and may appoint successor Trustees. Voting rights are not cumulative.
No amendment may be made to the Declaration of Trust without the affirmative vote of a majority of
the outstanding shares of the Trust except (i) to change the Trusts name or to cure technical
problems in the Declaration of Trust and (ii) to establish, designate, or modify new and existing
series or sub-series of Trust shares or other provisions relating to Trust shares in response to
applicable laws or regulations.
SHAREHOLDER AND TRUSTEE LIABILITY
Under Massachusetts law, shareholders could, under some circumstances, be held personally liable
for the obligations of the Trust. However, the Declaration of Trust disclaims shareholder
liability for acts or obligations of the Trust and requires that notice of that disclaimer be given
in
36
each agreement, obligation, or instrument entered into or executed by the Trust or the Trustees.
The Declaration of Trust provides for indemnification out of all the property of a Fund for all
loss and expense of any shareholder of the Fund held personally liable for the obligations of the
Trust. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder
liability is limited to circumstances in which the disclaimer is inoperative and the Fund in which
the shareholder holds shares is unable to meet its obligations.
The Declaration of Trust further provides that the Trustees will not be liable for errors of
judgment or mistakes of fact or law. However, nothing in the Declaration of Trust protects a
Trustee against any liability to which the Trustee would otherwise be subject by reason of willful
misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the
conduct of his office. The By-Laws of the Trust provide for indemnification by the Trust of the
Trustees and the officers of the Trust except for any matter as to which any such person did not
act in good faith in the reasonable belief that his action was in or not opposed to the best
interests of the Trust. Trustees and officers may not be indemnified against any liability to the
Trust or the Trust shareholders to which they would otherwise be subject by reason of willful
misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the
conduct of their office.
BENEFICIAL OWNERS OF 5% OR MORE OF THE FUNDS SHARES
The Fund will commence operations on or following the date of this Statement of Additional
Information and, therefore, has not yet offered any shares for sale.
37
Appendix A
COMMERCIAL PAPER AND CORPORATE DEBT RATINGS
Commercial Paper Ratings
Commercial paper ratings of Standard & Poors are current assessments of the likelihood of timely
payment of debts having original maturities of no more than 365 days. Commercial paper rated A-1
by Standard & Poors indicates that the degree of safety regarding timely payment is either
overwhelming or very strong. Those issues determined to possess overwhelming safety
characteristics are denoted A-1+. Commercial paper rated A-2 by Standard & Poors indicates that
capacity for timely payment on issues is strong. However, the relative degree of safety is not as
high as for issues designated A-1. Commercial paper rated A-3 indicates capacity for timely
payment. It is, however, somewhat more vulnerable to the adverse effects of changes in
circumstances than obligations carrying the higher designations.
The rating Prime-1 is the highest commercial paper rating assigned by Moodys. Issuers rated
Prime-1 (or related supporting institutions) are considered to have a superior capacity for
repayment of short-term promissory obligations. Issuers rated Prime-2 (or related supporting
institutions) have a strong capacity for repayment of short-term promissory obligations. This will
normally be evidenced by many of the characteristics of Prime-1 rated issuers, but to a lesser
degree. Earnings trends and coverage ratios, while sound, will be more subject to variations.
Capitalization characteristics, while still appropriate, may be more affected by external
conditions. Ample alternative liquidity is maintained. Issuers rated Prime-3 have an acceptable
capacity for repayment of short-term promissory obligations. The effect of industry
characteristics and market composition may be more pronounced. Variability in earnings and
profitability may result in changes in the level of debt protection measurements and the
requirement of relatively high financial leverage. Adequate alternative liquidity is maintained.
Corporate Debt Ratings
Standard & Poors
. A Standard & Poors corporate debt rating is a current assessment of the
creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific obligation. The following is a summary
of the ratings used by Standard & Poors for corporate debt:
AAA This is the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poors to a debt obligation and
indicates an extremely strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal.
AA Bonds rated AA also qualify as high quality debt obligations. Capacity to pay interest and
repay principal is very strong, and in the majority of instances they differ from AAA issues only
in small degree.
A Bonds rated A have a strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal, although they are
somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic
conditions.
BBB Bonds rated BBB are regarded as having an adequate capacity to pay interest and repay
principal. Whereas they normally exhibit adequate protection parameters,
A-1
Appendix A
adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened
capacity to repay principal and pay interest for bonds in this category than for bonds in higher
rated categories.
BB, B, CCC, CC Bonds rated BB, B, CCC and CC are regarded, on balance, as predominately
speculative with respect to capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the
terms of the obligation. BB indicates the lowest degree of speculation and CC the highest degree
of speculation. While such bonds will likely have some quality and protective characteristics,
these are outweighed by large uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions.
C The rating C is reserved for income bonds on which no interest is being paid.
D Bonds rated D are in default, and payment of interest and/or repayment of principal is in
arrears.
Plus (+) or Minus (-): The ratings from AA to B may be modified by the addition of a plus or
minus sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.
Moodys
. The following is a summary of the ratings used by Moodys for corporate debt:
Aaa Bonds that are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the smallest
degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as gilt edge. Interest payments are
protected by a large, or by an exceptionally stable, margin, and principal is secure. While the
various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most
unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues.
Aa Bonds that are rated Aa are judged to be high quality by all standards. Together with the
Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as high grade bonds. They are rated lower than
the best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or
fluctuation of protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements
present that make the long-term risks appear somewhat larger than in Aaa securities.
A Bonds that are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are to be considered
as upper medium grade obligations. Factors giving security to principal and interest are
considered adequate, but elements may be present that suggest a susceptibility to impairment
sometime in the future.
Baa Bonds that are rated Baa are considered as medium grade obligations; i.e., they are
neither highly protected nor poorly secured. Interest payments and principal security appear
adequate for the present, but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be
characteristically unreliable over any great length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding
investment characteristics and, in fact, have speculative characteristics as well.
Ba Bonds which are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their future cannot be
considered as well assured. Often, the protection of interest and principal
A-2
Appendix A
payments may be very moderate, and thereby not well safeguarded during both good and bad times over
the future. Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this class.
B Bonds which are rated B generally lack characteristics of the desirable investment.
Assurance of interest and principal payments or of maintenance of other terms of the contract over
any long period of time may be small.
Caa Bonds which are rated Caa are of poor standing. Such issues may be in default or there
may be present elements of danger with respect to principal or interest.
Ca Bonds which are rated Ca represent obligations which are speculative in a high degree.
Such issues are often in default or have other marked shortcomings.
C Bonds which are rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds, and issues so rated can be
regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any real investment standing.
Should no rating be assigned by Moodys, the reason may be one of the following:
|
1.
|
|
An application for rating was not received or accepted.
|
|
|
2.
|
|
The issue or issuer belongs to a group of securities that are not rated as a
matter of policy.
|
|
|
3.
|
|
There is lack of essential data pertaining to the issue or issuer.
|
|
|
4.
|
|
The issue was privately placed in which case the rating is not published in
Moodys publications.
|
Suspension or withdrawal may occur if new and material circumstances arise, the effects of which
preclude satisfactory analysis; if there is no longer available reasonable up-to-date data to
permit a judgment to be formed; if a bond is called for redemption; or for other reasons.
Note: Those bonds in the Aa, A, Baa, Ba and B groups which Moodys believes possess the strongest
investment attributes are designated by the symbols Aa1, A1, Baa1 and B1.
A-3
Appendix B
GMO TRUST
PROXY VOTING POLICY
I. Statement of Policy
GMO Trust (the Fund) delegates the authority and responsibility to vote proxies related to
portfolio securities to Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co. LLC, its investment adviser (the
Adviser).
Therefore, the Board of Trustees (the Board) of the Fund has reviewed and approved the use of the
proxy voting policies and procedures of the Adviser (Proxy Voting Procedures) on behalf of the
Fund when exercising voting authority on behalf of the Fund.
II. Standard
The Adviser shall vote proxies related to portfolio securities in the best interests of the Fund
and their shareholders.
III. Review of Proxy Voting Procedures
The Board shall periodically review the Proxy Voting Procedures presented by the Adviser.
The Adviser shall provide periodic reports to the Board regarding any proxy votes where a material
conflict of interest was identified except in circumstances where the Adviser caused the proxy to
be voted consistent with the recommendation of the independent third party.
The Adviser shall notify the Board promptly of any material change to its Proxy Voting Procedures.
IV. Disclosure
The following disclosure shall be provided:
|
A.
|
|
The Adviser shall make available its proxy voting records, for inclusion in
the Funds Form N-PX.
|
|
|
B.
|
|
The Adviser shall cause the Fund to include the proxy voting policies and
procedures required in the Funds annual filing on Form N-CSR or the statement of
additional information.
|
|
|
C.
|
|
The Adviser shall cause the Funds shareholder reports to include a statement
that (i) a copy of these policies and procedures is available on the Funds web site
(if the Fund so chooses) and (ii) information is available regarding how the Funds
voted proxies during the most recent twelve-month period without charge, on or through
the Funds web site.
|
B-1
Appendix B
GRANTHAM, MAYO, VAN OTTERLOO & CO. LLC
GMO AUSTRALIA LIMITED
GMO AUSTRALASIA LLC
(TOGETHER
GMO)
PROXY
VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
Amended and Restated as of February 2, 2009
I.
Introduction and General Principles
GMO provides investment advisory services primarily to institutional, including both ERISA and
non-ERISA clients, and commercial clients. GMO understands that proxy voting is an integral aspect
of security ownership. Accordingly, in cases where GMO has been delegated authority to vote
proxies, that function must be conducted with the same degree of prudence and loyalty accorded any
fiduciary or other obligation of an investment manager.
This policy permits clients of GMO to: (1) delegate to GMO the responsibility and authority to vote
proxies on their behalf according to GMOs proxy voting polices and guidelines; (2) delegate to GMO
the responsibility and authority to vote proxies on their behalf according to the particular
clients own proxy voting policies and guidelines; or (3) elect to vote proxies themselves. In
instances where clients elect to vote their own proxies, GMO shall not be responsible for voting
proxies on behalf of such clients.
GMO believes that the following policies and procedures are reasonably designed to ensure that
proxy matters are conducted in the best interest of its clients, in accordance with GMOs fiduciary
duties, applicable rules under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and fiduciary standards and
responsibilities for ERISA clients set out in the Department of Labor interpretations.
II.
Proxy Voting Guidelines
GMO has engaged RiskMetrics Group (RMG) as its proxy voting agent to:
|
(1)
|
|
research and make voting recommendations or, for matters for which GMO has so
delegated, to make the voting determinations;
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
ensure that proxies are voted and submitted in a timely manner;
|
|
|
(3)
|
|
handle other administrative functions of proxy voting;
|
|
|
(4)
|
|
maintain records of proxy statements received in connection with proxy votes
and provide copies of such proxy statements promptly upon request;
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
maintain records of votes cast; and
|
B-2
Appendix B
|
(6)
|
|
provide recommendations with respect to proxy voting matters in general.
|
Proxies generally will be voted in accordance with the voting recommendations contained in the
applicable domestic or global RMG Proxy Voting Manual, as in effect from time to time, subject to
such modifications as may be determined by GMO (as described below). Copies of concise summaries
of the current domestic and global RMG proxy voting guidelines are attached to these Proxy Voting
Policies and Procedures as Exhibit A. To the extent GMO determines to adopt proxy voting
guidelines that differ from the RMG proxy voting recommendations, such guidelines will be set forth
on Exhibit B and proxies with respect to such matters will be voted in accordance with the
guidelines set forth on Exhibit B. GMO reserves the right to modify any of the recommendations set
forth in the RMG Proxy Voting Manual in the future. If any such changes are made, an amended
Exhibit B to these Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures will be made available for clients.
Except in instances where a GMO client retains voting authority, GMO will instruct custodians of
client accounts to forward all proxy statements and materials received in respect of client
accounts to RMG.
III.
Proxy Voting Procedures
GMO has a Corporate Actions Group with responsibility for administering the proxy voting process,
including:
|
|
1.
|
|
Implementing and updating the applicable domestic and global RMG proxy voting
guidelines set forth in the RMG Proxy Voting Manual, as modified from time to time by
Exhibit B hereto;
|
|
|
|
2.
|
|
Overseeing the proxy voting process; and
|
|
|
3.
|
|
Providing periodic reports to GMOs Compliance Department and clients as
requested.
|
There may be circumstances under which a portfolio manager or other GMO investment professional
(GMO Investment Professional) believes that it is in the best interest of a client or clients to
vote proxies in a manner inconsistent with the proxy voting guidelines described in Section II. In
such an event, the GMO Investment Professional will inform GMOs Corporate Actions Group of its
decision to vote such proxy in a manner inconsistent with the proxy voting guidelines described in
Section II. GMOs Corporate Actions Group will report to GMOs Compliance Department no less than
quarterly any instance where a GMO Investment Professional has decided to vote a proxy on behalf of
a client in that manner.
IV.
Conflicts of Interest
As RMG will vote proxies in accordance with the proxy voting guidelines described in Section II,
GMO believes that this process is reasonably designed to address conflicts of interest that may
arise between GMO and a client as to how proxies are voted.
B-3
Appendix B
In instances where GMO has the responsibility and authority to vote proxies on behalf of its
clients for shares of GMO Trust, a registered mutual fund for which GMO serves as the investment
adviser, there may be instances where a conflict of interest exists. Accordingly, GMO will (i)
vote such proxies in the best interests of its clients with respect to routine matters, including
proxies relating to the election of Trustees; and (ii) with respect to matters where a conflict of
interest exists between GMO and GMO Trust, such as proxies relating to a new or amended investment
management contract between GMO Trust and GMO, or a re-organization of a series of GMO Trust, GMO
will either (a) vote such proxies in the same proportion as the votes cast with respect to that
proxy, or (b) seek instructions from its clients.
In addition, if GMO is aware that one of the following conditions exists with respect to a proxy,
GMO shall consider such event a potential material conflict of interest:
|
1.
|
|
GMO has a business relationship or potential relationship with the issuer;
|
|
|
2.
|
|
GMO has a business relationship with the proponent of the proxy proposal; or
|
|
|
3.
|
|
GMO members, employees or consultants have a personal or other business
relationship with the participants in the proxy contest, such as corporate directors
or director candidates.
|
In the event of a potential material conflict of interest, GMO will (i) vote such proxy according
to Exhibit B (if applicable) or the specific recommendation of RMG; (ii) abstain; or (iii) request
that the client votes such proxy. All such instances shall be reported to GMOs Compliance
Department at least quarterly.
V.
Recordkeeping
GMO will maintain records relating to the implementation of these proxy voting policies and
procedures, including:
|
(1)
|
|
a copy of these policies and procedures which shall be made available to
clients, upon request;
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
a record of each vote cast (which RMG maintains on GMOs behalf); and
|
|
|
|
(3)
|
|
each written client request for proxy records and GMOs written response to
any client request for such records.
|
Such proxy voting records shall be maintained for a period of five years.
VI. Reporting
GMOs Compliance Department will provide GMOs Conflict of Interest Committee with periodic reports
that include a summary of instances where GMO has (i) voted proxies in a manner inconsistent with
the proxy voting guidelines described in Section II,
B-4
Appendix B
(ii) voted proxies in circumstances in which a material conflict of interest may exist as set forth
in Section IV, and (iii) voted proxies of shares of GMO Trust on behalf of its clients.
VII.
Disclosure
Except as otherwise required by law, GMO has a general policy of not disclosing to any issuer or
third party how GMO or its voting delegate voted a clients proxy.
B-5
Appendix B
Exhibit A
U.S. Proxy Voting Guidelines Concise Summary
(Digest of Selected Key Guidelines)
January 15, 2009
Copyright © 2009 by RiskMetrics Group.
The policies contained herein are a sampling of select, key proxy voting guidelines and are not
exhaustive. A full listing of RiskMetrics 2009 proxy voting guidelines can be found in the Jan. 15,
2009, edition of the U.S. Proxy Voting Manual.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Requests for permission to make
copies of any part of this work should be sent to: RiskMetrics Group Marketing Department, One
Chase Manhattan Plaza, 44th Floor, New York, NY 10005. RiskMetrics Group is a trademark used herein
under license.
Risk Management | RiskMetrics Labs | ISS Governance Services | Financial Research Et Analysis
www.riskmetrics.com
B-6
Appendix B
1. Operational Items:
Auditor Ratification
Vote FOR proposals to ratify auditors, unless any of the following apply:
|
|
|
An auditor has a financial interest in or association with the company, and is
therefore not independent;
|
|
|
|
|
There is reason to believe that the independent auditor has rendered an opinion which
is neither accurate nor indicative of the companys financial position;
|
|
|
|
|
Poor accounting practices are identified that rise to a serious level of concern, such
as: fraud; misapplication of GAAP; and material weaknesses identified in Section 404
disclosures; or
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fees for non-audit services (Other fees) are excessive.
|
|
Non-audit fees are excessive if:
|
|
|
|
Non-audit (other) fees exceed audit fees + audit-related fees + tax compliance/
preparation fees
|
|
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder proposals asking companies to prohibit or limit their auditors
from engaging in non-audit services.
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder proposals asking for audit firm rotation, taking into account:
|
|
|
The tenure of the audit firm;
|
|
|
|
|
The length of rotation specified in the proposal;
|
|
|
|
|
Any significant audit-related issues at the company;
|
|
|
|
|
|
The number of Audit Committee meetings held each year;
|
|
|
|
|
|
The number of financial experts serving on the committee; and
|
|
|
|
|
Whether the company has a periodic renewal process where the auditor is evaluated for
both audit quality and competitive price.
|
B-7
Appendix B
2. Board of Directors:
Voting on Director
1
Nominees in Uncontested Elections
Vote on director nominees should be determined on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD
2
from individual directors who:
|
|
|
|
Attend less than 75 percent of the board and committee meetings without a valid excuse,
such as illness, service to the nation, work on behalf of the company, or funeral
obligations. If the company provides meaningful public or private disclosure explaining
the directors absences, evaluate the information on a CASE-BY-CASE basis taking into
account the following factors:
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Degree to which absences were due to an unavoidable conflict;
|
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Pattern of absenteeism; and
|
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Other extraordinary circumstances underlying the directors absence;
|
|
|
|
|
Sit on more than six public company boards;
|
|
|
|
|
Are CEOs of public companies who sit on the boards of more than two public companies
besides their own withhold only at their outside boards.
|
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from all nominees of the board of directors, (except from new nominees,
who should be considered on a CASE-BY-CASE basis) if:
|
|
|
|
The companys proxy indicates that not all directors attended 75% of the aggregate of
their board and committee meetings, but fails to provide the required disclosure of the
names of the directors involved. If this information cannot be obtained, vote
against/withhold from all incumbent directors;
|
|
|
|
|
|
The companys poison pill has a dead-hand or modified dead-hand feature. Vote
against/withhold every year until this feature is removed;
|
|
|
|
|
The board adopts or renews a poison pill without shareholder approval, does not commit
to putting it to shareholder vote within 12 months of adoption (or in the case of an newly
public company, does not commit to put the pill to a shareholder vote within 12 months
following the IPO), or reneges on a commitment to put the pill to a vote, and has not yet
received a withhold/ against recommendation for this issue;
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
RiskMetrics classification of directors can be found
in
U.S. Proxy Voting Guidelines Summary
.
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
In general, companies with a plurality vote standard
use Withhold as the valid opposition vote option in director elections;
companies with a majority vote standard use Against. However, it will vary by
company and the proxy must be checked to determine the valid opposition vote
for the particular company.
|
|
B-8
Appendix B
|
|
|
The board failed to act on a shareholder proposal that received approval by a majority
of the shares outstanding the previous year (a management proposal with other than a FOR
recommendation by management will not be considered as sufficient action taken);
|
|
|
|
|
The board failed to act on a shareholder proposal that received approval of the
majority of shares cast for the previous two consecutive years (a management proposal with
other than a FOR recommendation by management will not be considered as sufficient action
taken);
|
|
|
|
|
The board failed to act on takeover offers where the majority of the shareholders
tendered their shares;
|
|
|
|
|
At the previous board election, any director received more than 50 percent
withhold/against votes of the shares cast and the company has failed to address the
underlying issue(s) that caused the high withhold/ against vote;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The board is classified, and a continuing director responsible for a problematic
governance issue at the board/committee level that would warrant a withhold/against vote
recommendation is not up for election- any or all appropriate nominees (except new) may be
held accountable;
|
|
|
|
|
|
The board lacks accountability and oversight, coupled with sustained poor performance
relative to peers. Sustained poor performance is measured by one- and three-year total
shareholder returns in the bottom half of a companys four-digit GICS industry group
(Russell 3000 companies only).
|
|
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from Inside Directors and Affiliated Outside Directors (per the
Classification of Directors below) when:
|
|
|
The inside or affiliated outside director serves on any of the three key committees:
audit, compensation, or nominating;
|
|
|
|
|
The company lacks an audit, compensation, or nominating committee so that the full
board functions as that committee;
|
|
|
|
|
The company lacks a formal nominating committee, even if board attests that the
independent directors fulfill the functions of such a committee;
|
|
|
|
|
The full board is less than majority independent.
|
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from the members of the Audit Committee if:
|
|
|
|
The non-audit fees paid to the auditor are excessive;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The company receives an adverse opinion on the companys financial statements from its
auditor; or
|
|
B-9
Appendix B
|
|
|
There is persuasive evidence that the audit committee entered into an inappropriate
indemnification agreement with its auditor that limits the ability of the company, or its
shareholders, to pursue legitimate legal recourse against the audit firm.
|
Vote CASE-by-CASE on members of the Audit Committee and/or the full board if poor accounting
practices, which rise to a level of serious concern are identified, such as: fraud; misapplication
of GAAP; and material weaknesses identified in Section 404 disclosures.
Examine the severity, breadth, chronological sequence and duration, as well as the companys
efforts at remediation or corrective actions in determining whether negative vote recommendations
are warranted against the members of the Audit Committee who are responsible for the poor
accounting practices, or the entire board.
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from the members of the Compensation Committee if:
|
|
|
|
There is a negative correlation between the chief executives pay and company
performance (see discussion under Equity Compensation Plans);
|
|
|
|
|
|
The company reprices underwater options for stock, cash or other consideration without
prior shareholder approval, even if allowed in their equity plan;
|
|
|
|
|
The company fails to submit one-time transfers of stock options to a shareholder vote;
|
|
|
|
|
|
The company fails to fulfill the terms of a burn rate commitment they made to
shareholders;
|
|
|
|
|
|
The company has backdated options (see Options Backdating policy);
|
The company has poor compensation practices (see Poor Pay Practices policy). Poor pay practices
may warrant withholding votes from the CEO and potentially the entire board as well.
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from directors, individually or the entire board, for egregious actions or
failure to replace management as appropriate.
Independent Chair (Separate Chair/CEO)
Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals requiring that the chairmans position be filled by an
independent director, unless the company satisfies all of the following criteria:
The company maintains the following counterbalancing features:
|
|
|
Designated lead director, elected by and from the independent board members with
clearly delineated and comprehensive duties. (The role may alternatively reside with a
presiding director, vice chairman, or rotating lead director; however
|
B-10
Appendix B
|
|
|
the director must serve a minimum of one year in order to qualify as a lead director.) The
duties should include, but are not limited to, the following:
|
|
-
|
|
presides at all meetings of the board at which the chairman is not present,
including executive sessions of the independent directors;
|
|
|
-
|
|
serves as liaison between the chairman and the independent directors;
|
|
|
-
|
|
approves information sent to the board;
|
|
|
-
|
|
approves meeting agendas for the board;
|
|
|
-
|
|
approves meeting schedules to assure that there is sufficient time for discussion
of all agenda items;
|
|
|
-
|
|
has the authority to call meetings of the independent directors;
|
|
|
-
|
|
if requested by major shareholders, ensures that he is available for consultation
and direct communication;
|
|
|
|
|
|
Two-thirds independent board;
|
|
|
|
|
All independent key committees;
|
|
|
|
|
Established governance guidelines;
|
|
|
|
|
|
A company in the Russell 3000 universe must not have exhibited sustained poor total
shareholder return (TSR) performance, defined as one- and three-year TSR in the bottom
half of the companys four-digit GICS industry group within the Russell 3000 only), unless
there has been a change in the Chairman/CEO position within that time;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The company does not have any problematic governance or management issues, examples of
which include, but are not limited to:
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Egregious compensation practices;
|
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Multiple related-party transactions or other issues putting director independence
at risk;
|
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Corporate and/or management scandals;
|
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Excessive problematic corporate governance provisions; or
|
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
Flagrant board or management actions with potential or realized negative impact on
shareholders.
|
|
B-11
Appendix B
Majority Vote Shareholder Proposals
Generally vote FOR precatory and binding resolutions requesting that the board change the companys
bylaws to stipulate that directors need to be elected with an affirmative majority of votes cast,
provided it does not conflict with the state law where the company is incorporated. Binding
resolutions need to allow for a carve- out for a plurality vote standard when there are more
nominees than board seats.
Companies are strongly encouraged to also adopt a post-election policy (also know as a director
resignation policy) that provides guidelines so that the company will promptly address the
situation of a holdover director.
Performance/Governance Evaluation for Directors
Vote WITHHOLD/AGAINST on all director nominees if the board lacks accountability and oversight,
coupled with sustained poor performance relative to peers, measured by one- and three-year total
shareholder returns in the bottom half of a companys four-digit GICS industry group (Russell 3000
companies only).
Evaluate board accountability and oversight at companies that demonstrate sustained poor
performance. Problematic provisions include but are not limited to:
|
|
|
|
a classified board structure;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
a supermajority vote requirement;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
majority vote standard for director elections with no carve out for contested
elections;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
the inability of shareholders to call special meetings;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
the inability of shareholders to act by written consent;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
a dual-class structure; and/or
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
a non-shareholder approved poison pill.
|
|
If a company exhibits sustained poor performance coupled with a lack of board accountability and
oversight, also take into consideration the companys five-year total shareholder return and
five-year operational metrics in the evaluation.
B-12
Appendix B
3. Proxy Contests
Voting for Director Nominees in Contested Elections
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on the election of directors in contested elections, considering the following
factors:
|
|
|
Long-term financial performance of the target company relative to its industry;
|
|
|
|
|
Managements track record;
|
|
|
|
|
Background to the proxy contest;
|
|
|
|
|
Qualifications of director nominees (both slates);
|
|
|
|
|
Strategic plan of dissident slate and quality of critique against management;
|
|
|
|
|
Likelihood that the proposed goals and objectives can be achieved (both slates);
|
|
|
|
|
Stock ownership positions.
|
Reimbursing Proxy Solicitation Expenses
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to reimburse proxy solicitation expenses. When voting in conjunction
with support of a dissident slate, vote FOR the reimbursement of all appropriate proxy solicitation
expenses associated with the election.
Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals calling for the reimbursement of reasonable costs incurred
in connection with nominating one or more candidates in a contested election where the following
apply:
|
|
|
|
The election of fewer than 50% of the directors to be elected is contested in the
election;
|
|
|
|
|
|
One or more of the dissidents candidates is elected;
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholders are not permitted to cumulate their votes for directors; and
|
|
|
|
|
The election occurred, and the expenses were incurred, after the adoption of this
bylaw.
|
4. Antitakeover Defenses and Voting Related Issues
Advance Notice Requirements for Shareholder Proposals/Nominations
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on advance notice proposals, giving support to proposals that allow shareholders
to submit proposals/ nominations reasonably close to the meeting date
B-13
Appendix B
and within the broadest window possible, recognizing the need to allow sufficient notice for
company, regulatory and shareholder review.
To be reasonable, the companys deadline for shareholder notice of a proposal/ nominations must not
be more than 60 days prior to the meeting, with a submittal window of at least 30 days prior to the
deadline.
In general, support additional efforts by companies to ensure full disclosure in regard to a
proponents economic and voting position in the company so long as the informational requirements
are reasonable and aimed at providing shareholders with the necessary information to review such
proposal.
Poison Pills
Vote FOR shareholder proposals requesting that the company submit its poison pill to a shareholder
vote or redeem it UNLESS the company has: (1) A shareholder approved poison pill in place; or (2)
The company has adopted a policy concerning the adoption of a pill in the future specifying that
the board will only adopt a shareholder rights plan if either:
|
|
|
Shareholders have approved the adoption of the plan; or
|
|
|
|
|
|
The board, in exercising its fiduciary responsibilities, determines that it is in the
best interest of shareholders under the circumstances to adopt a pill without the delay
that would result from seeking stockholder approval (i.e., the fiduciary out provision).
A poison pill adopted under this fiduciary out will be put to a shareholder ratification
vote within 12 months of adoption or expire. If the pill is not approved by a majority of
the votes cast on this issue, the plan will immediately terminate.
|
|
Vote FOR shareholder proposals calling for poison pills to be put to a vote within a time period of
less than one year after adoption. If the company has no non-shareholder approved poison pill in
place and has adopted a policy with the provisions outlined above, vote AGAINST the proposal. If
these conditions are not met, vote FOR the proposal, but with the caveat that a vote within 12
months would be considered sufficient.
Vote CASE-by-CASE on management proposals on poison pill ratification, focusing on the features of
the shareholder rights plan. Rights plans should contain the following attributes:
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No lower than a 20% trigger, flip-in or flip-over;
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A term of no more than three years;
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No dead-hand, slow-hand, no-hand or similar feature that limits the ability of a future
board to redeem the pill;
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B-14
Appendix B
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Shareholder redemption feature (qualifying offer clause); if the board refuses to
redeem the pill 90 days after a qualifying offer is announced, 10 percent of the shares
may call a special meeting or seek a written consent to vote on rescinding the pill.
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In addition, the rationale for adopting the pill should be thoroughly explained by the company. In
examining the request for the pill, take into consideration the companys existing governance
structure, including: board independence, existing takeover defenses, and any problematic
governance concerns.
For management proposals to adopt a poison pill for the stated purpose of preserving a companys
net operating losses (NOL pills), the following factors should be considered:
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the trigger (NOL pills generally have a trigger slightly below 5%);
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the value of the NOLs;
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the term;
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shareholder protection mechanisms (sunset provision, causing expiration of the pill
upon exhaustion or expiration of NOLs); and
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other factors that may be applicable.
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In addition, vote WITHHOLD/AGAINST the entire board of directors, (except new nominees, who should
be considered on a CASE-by-CASE basis) if the board adopts or renews a poison pill without
shareholder approval, does not commit to putting it to a shareholder vote within 12 months of
adoption (or in the case of a newly public company, does not commit to put the pill to a
shareholder vote within 12 months following the IPO), or reneges on a commitment to put the pill to
a vote, and has not yet received a withhold recommendation for this issue.
5. Mergers and Corporate Restructurings
Overall Approach
For mergers and acquisitions, review and evaluate the merits and drawbacks of the proposed
transaction, balancing various and sometimes countervailing factors including:
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Valuation
Is the value to be received by the target shareholders (or paid by the
acquirer) reasonable? While the fairness opinion may provide an initial starting point for
assessing valuation reasonableness, emphasis is placed on the offer premium, market
reaction and strategic rationale.
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Market reaction
How has the market responded to the proposed deal? A negative market
reaction should cause closer scrutiny of a deal.
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B-15
Appendix B
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Strategic rationale
Does the deal make sense strategically? From where is the value
derived? Cost and revenue synergies should not be overly aggressive or optimistic, but
reasonably achievable. Management should also have a favorable track record of successful
integration of historical acquisitions.
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Negotiations and process
Were the terms of the transaction negotiated at
arms-length? Was the process fair and equitable? A fair process helps to ensure the best
price for shareholders. Significant negotiation wins can also signify the deal makers
competency. The comprehensiveness of the sales process (e.g., full auction, partial
auction, no auction) can also affect shareholder value.
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Conflicts of interest
Are insiders benefiting from the transaction disproportionately
and inappropriately as compared to non-insider shareholders? As the result of potential
conflicts, the directors and officers of the company may be more likely to vote to approve
a merger than if they did not hold these interests. Consider whether these interests may
have influenced these directors and officers to support or recommend the merger. The
change-in-control figure presented in the RMG Transaction Summary section of this report
is an aggregate figure that can in certain cases be a misleading indicator of the true
value transfer from shareholders to insiders. Where such figure appears to be excessive,
analyze the underlying assumptions to determine whether a potential conflict exists.
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Governance
Will the combined company have a better or worse governance profile than
the current governance profiles of the respective parties to the transaction? If the
governance profile is to change for the worse, the burden is on the company to prove that
other issues (such as valuation) outweigh any deterioration in governance.
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6. State of Incorporation
Reincorporation Proposals
Evaluate management or shareholder proposals to change a companys state of incorporation on a
CASE-BY-CASE basis, giving consideration to both financial and corporate governance concerns
including the following:
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Reasons for reincorporation;
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Comparison of companys governance practices and provisions prior to and following the
reincorporation; and
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Comparison of corporation laws of original state and destination state Vote FOR
reincorporation when the economic factors outweigh any neutral or negative governance
changes.
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B-16
Appendix B
7. Capital Structure
Common Stock Authorization
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for
issuance. Take into account company-specific factors which include, at a minimum, the following:
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Specific reasons/rationale for the proposed increase;
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The dilutive impact of the request as determined through an allowable cap generated by
RiskMetrics quantitative model;
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The boards governance structure and practices; and
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Risks to shareholders of not approving the request.
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Vote FOR proposals to approve increases beyond the allowable cap when a companys shares are in
danger of being delisted or if a companys ability to continue to operate as a going concern is
uncertain.
Preferred Stock
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to increase the number of shares of preferred stock authorized for
issuance. Take into account company-specific factors which include, at a minimum, the following:
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Specific reasons/ rationale for the proposed increase;
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The dilutive impact of the request as determined through an allowable cap generated by
RiskMetrics quantitative model;
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The boards governance structure and practices; and
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Risks to shareholders of not approving the request.
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Vote AGAINST proposals authorizing the creation of new classes of preferred stock with unspecified
voting, conversion, dividend distribution, and other rights (blank check preferred stock).
Vote FOR proposals to create declawed blank check preferred stock (stock that cannot be used as a
takeover defense).
Vote FOR proposals to authorize preferred stock in cases where the company specifies the voting,
dividend, conversion, and other rights of such stock and the terms of the preferred stock appear
reasonable.
B-17
Appendix B
Vote AGAINST proposals to increase the number of blank check preferred stock authorized for
issuance when no shares have been issued or reserved for a specific purpose.
8. Executive and Director Compensation
Equity Compensation Plans
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on equity-based compensation plans. Vote AGAINST the equity plan if any of the
following factors apply:
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The total cost of the companys equity plans is unreasonable;
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The plan expressly permits the repricing of stock options/stock appreciation rights
(SARs) without prior shareholder approval;
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The CEO is a participant in the proposed equity-based compensation plan and there is a
disconnect between CEO pay and the companys performance where over 50 percent of the
year-over-year increase is attributed to equity awards;
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The companys three year burn rate exceeds the greater of 2% and the mean plus one
standard deviation of its industry group;
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The plan provides for the acceleration of vesting of equity awards even though an
actual change in control may not occur (e.g., upon shareholder approval of a transaction
or the announcement of a tender offer); or
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The plan is a vehicle for poor pay practices.
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Poor Pay Practices
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from compensation committee members, CEO, and potentially the entire
board, if the company has poor compensation practices. Vote AGAINST equity plans if the plan is a
vehicle for poor compensation practices.
The following practices, while not exhaustive, are examples of poor compensation practices that may
warrant withhold vote recommendations:
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Egregious employment contracts Contracts containing multi-year guarantees for salary
increases, bonuses and equity compensation;
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Excessive perks/tax reimbursements:
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Overly generous perquisites, which may include, but are not limited to the
following: personal use of corporate aircraft, personal security system maintenance
and/or installation, car allowances;
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Reimbursement of income taxes on executive perquisites or other payments;
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B-18
Appendix B
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Perquisites for former executives, such as car allowances, personal use of
corporate aircraft or other inappropriate arrangements;
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Abnormally large bonus payouts without justifiable performance linkage or proper disclosure -
Performance metrics that are changed, canceled or replaced during the performance period without
adequate explanation of the action and the link to performance;
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Egregious pension/SERP (supplemental executive retirement plan) payouts:
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Inclusion of additional years of service not worked that result in significant payouts;
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Inclusion of performance-based equity awards in the pension calculation;
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New CEO with overly generous new hire package:
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Excessive make whole provisions;
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Any of the poor pay practices listed in this policy;
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Excessive severance and/or change in control provisions:
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Inclusion of excessive change in control or severance payments, especially those
with a multiple in excess of 3X cash pay;
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Payments upon an executives termination in connection with performance failure;
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Change in control payouts without loss of job or substantial diminution of job
duties (single- triggered);
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New or materially amended employment or severance agreements that provide for
modified single triggers, under which an executive may voluntarily leave for any
reason and still receive the change-in-control severance package;
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Liberal change in control definition in individual contracts or equity plans which
could result in payments to executives without an actual change in control occurring;
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New or materially amended employment or severance agreements that provide for an
excise tax gross-up. Modified gross-ups would be treated in the same manner as full
gross-ups;
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Perquisites for former executives such as car allowances, personal use of corporate
aircraft or other inappropriate arrangements;
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B-19
Appendix B
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Dividends or dividend equivalents paid on unvested performance shares or units;
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Poor disclosure practices:
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Unclear explanation of how the CEO is involved in the pay setting process;
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Retrospective performance targets and methodology not discussed;
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Methodology for benchmarking practices and/or peer group not disclosed and
explained;
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Internal Pay Disparity:
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Excessive differential between CEO total pay and that of next highest paid named
executive officer (NEO);
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Options backdating (covered in a separate policy);
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Other excessive compensation payouts or poor pay practices at the company.
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Other Compensation Proposals and Policies
Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation (Say-on-Pay) Management Proposals
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on management proposals for an advisory vote on executive compensation. Vote
AGAINST these resolutions in cases where boards have failed to demonstrate good stewardship of
investors interests regarding executive compensation practices.
For U.S. companies, consider the following factors in the context of each companys specific
circumstances and the boards disclosed rationale for its practices:
Relative Considerations
:
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Assessment of performance metrics relative to business strategy, as discussed and
explained in the CD£tA;
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Evaluation of peer groups used to set target pay or award opportunities;
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Alignment of company performance and executive pay trends over time (e.g., performance
down: pay down);
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Assessment of disparity between total pay of the CEO and other Named Executive Officers
(NEOs).
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Design Considerations
:
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Balance of fixed versus performance-driven pay;
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B-20
Appendix B
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Assessment of excessive practices with respect to perks, severance packages,
supplemental executive pension plans, and burn rates.
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Communication Considerations
:
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Evaluation of information and board rationale provided in CD£tA about how compensation
is determined (e.g., why certain elements and pay targets are used, and specific incentive
plan goals, especially retrospective goals);
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Assessment of boards responsiveness to investor input and engagement on compensation
issues (e.g., in responding to majority-supported shareholder proposals on executive pay
topics).
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Employee Stock Purchase Plans Non-Qualified Plans
Vote CASE-by-CASE on nonqualified employee stock purchase plans. Vote FOR nonqualified employee
stock purchase plans with all the following features:
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Broad-based participation (i.e., all employees of the company with the exclusion of
individuals with 5 percent or more of beneficial ownership of the company);
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Limits on employee contribution, which may be a fixed dollar amount or expressed as a
percent of base salary;
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Company matching contribution up to 25 percent of employees contribution, which is
effectively a discount of 20 percent from market value;
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No discount on the stock price on the date of purchase since there is a company
matching contribution.
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Vote AGAINST nonqualified employee stock purchase plans when any of the plan features do not meet
the above criteria. If the company matching contribution exceeds 25 percent of employees
contribution, evaluate the cost of the plan against its allowable cap.
Option Exchange Programs/Repricing Options
Vote CASE-by-CASE on management proposals seeking approval to exchange/ reprice options, taking
into consideration:
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Historic trading patternsthe stock price should not be so volatile that the options
are likely to be back in-the-money over the near term;
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Rationale for the re-pricingwas the stock price decline beyond managements control?
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Is this a value-for-value exchange?
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B-21
Appendix B
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Are surrendered stock options added back to the plan reserve?
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Option vestingdoes the new option vest immediately or is there a black-out period?
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Term of the optionthe term should remain the same as that of the replaced option;
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Exercise priceshould be set at fair market or a premium to market;
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Participantsexecutive officers and directors should be excluded.
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If the surrendered options are added back to the equity plans for re-issuance, then also take into
consideration the companys total cost of equity plans and its three-year average burn rate.
In addition to the above considerations, evaluate the intent, rationale, and timing of the
repricing proposal. The proposal should clearly articulate why the board is choosing to conduct an
exchange program at this point in time. Repricing underwater options after a recent precipitous
drop in the companys stock price demonstrates poor timing. Repricing after a recent decline in
stock price triggers additional scrutiny and a potential AGAINST vote on the proposal. At a
minimum, the decline should not have happened within the past year. Also, consider the terms of the
surrendered options, such as the grant date, exercise price and vesting schedule. Grant dates of
surrendered options should be far enough back (two to three years) so as not to suggest that
repricings are being done to take advantage of short-term downward price movements. Similarly, the
exercise price of surrendered options should be above the 52-week high for the stock price.
Vote FOR shareholder proposals to put option repricings to a shareholder vote.
Other Shareholder Proposals on Compensation
Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation (Say-on-Pay)
Generally, vote FOR shareholder proposals that call for non-binding shareholder ratification of the
compensation of the Named Executive Officers and the accompanying narrative disclosure of material
factors provided to understand the Summary Compensation Table.
Golden Coffins/Executive Death Benefits
Generally vote FOR proposals calling on companies to adopt a policy of obtaining shareholder
approval for any future agreements and corporate policies that could oblige the company to make
payments or awards following the death of a senior executive in the form of unearned salary or
bonuses, accelerated vesting or the continuation in force of unvested equity grants, perquisites
and other payments or awards made in lieu of compensation. This would not apply to any benefit
programs or equity plan proposals for which the broad- based employee population is eligible.
B-22
Appendix B
Share Buyback Holding Periods
Generally vote AGAINST shareholder proposals prohibiting executives from selling shares of company
stock during periods in which the company has announced that it may or will be repurchasing shares
of its stock. Vote FOR the proposal when there is a pattern of abuse by executives exercising
options or selling shares during periods of share buybacks.
Stock Ownership or Holding Period Guidelines
Generally vote AGAINST shareholder proposals that mandate a minimum amount of stock that directors
must own in order to qualify as a director or to remain on the board. While RMG favors stock
ownership on the part of directors, the company should determine the appropriate ownership
requirement.
Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder proposals asking companies to adopt policies requiring Named
Executive Officers to retain 75% of the shares acquired through compensation plans while employed
and/or for two years following the termination of their employment, and to report to shareholders
regarding this policy. The following factors will be taken into account:
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Whether the company has any holding period, retention ratio, or officer ownership
requirements in place. These should consist of:
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Rigorous stock ownership guidelines, or
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A holding period requirement coupled with a significant long-term ownership
requirement, or
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A meaningful retention ratio,
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Actual officer stock ownership and the degree to which it meets or exceeds the
proponents suggested holding period/ retention ratio or the companys own stock ownership
or retention requirements.
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Problematic pay practices, current and past, which may promote a short-term versus a
long-term focus.
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Tax Gross-Up Proposals
Generally vote FOR proposals asking companies to adopt a policy of not providing tax gross-up
payments to executives, except where gross-ups are provided pursuant to a plan, policy, or
arrangement applicable to management employees of the company, such as a relocation or expatriate
tax equalization policy.
9. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Issues
Overall Approach
B-23
Appendix B
When evaluating social and environmental shareholder proposals, RMG considers the following
factors:
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Whether adoption of the proposal is likely to enhance or protect shareholder value;
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Whether the information requested concerns business issues that relate to a meaningful
percentage of the companys business as measured by sales, assets, and earnings;
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The degree to which the companys stated position on the issues raised in the proposal
could affect its reputation or sales, or leave it vulnerable to a boycott or selective
purchasing;
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Whether the issues presented are more appropriately/ effectively dealt with through
governmental or company-specific action;
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Whether the company has already responded in some appropriate manner to the request
embodied in the proposal;
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Whether the companys analysis and voting recommendation to shareholders are
persuasive;
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What other companies have done in response to the issue addressed in the proposal;
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Whether the proposal itself is well framed and the cost of preparing the report is
reasonable;
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Whether implementation of the proposals request would achieve the proposals
objectives;
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Whether the subject of the proposal is best left to the discretion of the board;
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Whether the requested information is available to shareholders either from the company
or from a publicly available source; and
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Whether providing this information would reveal proprietary or confidential information
that would place the company at a competitive disadvantage.
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Genetically Modified Ingredients
Generally vote AGAINST proposals asking suppliers, genetic research companies, restaurants and food
retail companies to voluntarily label genetically engineered (GE) ingredients in their products
and/or eliminate GE ingredients. The cost of labeling and/or phasing out the use of GE ingredients
may not be commensurate with the benefits to shareholders and is an issue better left to
regulators.
B-24
Appendix B
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals asking for a report on the feasibility of labeling products
containing GE ingredients taking into account:
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The companys business and the proportion of it affected by the resolution;
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The quality of the companys disclosure on GE product labeling, related voluntary
initiatives, and how this disclosure compares with industry peer disclosure; and
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Companys current disclosure on the feasibility of GE product labeling, including
information on the related costs.
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Generally vote AGAINST proposals seeking a report on the social, health, and environmental effects
of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Studies of this sort are better undertaken by regulators
and the scientific community.
Generally vote AGAINST proposals to completely phase out GE ingredients from the companys products
or proposals asking for reports outlining the steps necessary to eliminate GE ingredients from the
companys products. Such resolutions presuppose that there are proven health risks to GE
ingredients (an issue better left to regulators) that may outweigh the economic benefits derived
from biotechnology.
Pharmaceutical Pricing, Access to Medicines, and Product Reimportation
Generally vote AGAINST proposals requesting that companies implement specific price restraints on
pharmaceutical products unless the company fails to adhere to legislative guidelines or industry
norms in its product pricing.
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals requesting that the company report on their product pricing policies
or their access to medicine policies, considering:
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The nature of the companys business and the potential for reputational and market risk
exposure;
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The existing disclosure of relevant policies;
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Deviation from established industry norms;
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The companys existing, relevant initiatives to provide research and/or products to
disadvantaged consumers;
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Whether the proposal focuses on specific products or geographic regions; and
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The potential cost and scope of the requested report.
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Generally vote FOR proposals requesting that companies report on the financial and legal impact of
their prescription drug reimportation policies unless such information is already publicly
disclosed.
B-25
Appendix B
Generally vote AGAINST proposals requesting that companies adopt specific policies to encourage or
constrain prescription drug reimportation. Such matters are more appropriately the province of
legislative activity and may place the company at a competitive disadvantage relative to its peers.
Gender Identity, Sexual Orientation, and Domestic Partner Benefits
Generally vote FOR proposals seeking to amend a companys EEO statement or diversity policies to
prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation and/or gender identity, unless the change would
result in excessive costs for the company.
Generally vote AGAINST proposals to extend company benefits to, or eliminate benefits from domestic
partners. Decisions regarding benefits should be left to the discretion of the company.
Climate Change
Generally vote FOR resolutions requesting that a company disclose information on the impact of
climate change on the companys operations and investments considering whether:
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The company already provides current, publicly-available information on the impacts
that climate change may have on the company as well as associated company policies and
procedures to address related risks and/or opportunities;
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The companys level of disclosure is at least comparable to that of industry peers; and
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There are no significant, controversies, fines, penalties, or litigation associated
with the companys environmental performance.
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Lobbying Expenditures/Initiatives
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals requesting information on a companys lobbying initiatives,
considering:
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Significant controversies, fines, or litigation surrounding a companys public policy
activities,
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The companys current level of disclosure on lobbying strategy, and
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The impact that the policy issue may have on the companys business operations.
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Political Contributions and Trade Association Spending
Generally vote AGAINST proposals asking the company to affirm political nonpartisanship in the
workplace so long as:
B-26
Appendix B
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There are no recent, significant controversies, fines or litigation regarding the
companys political contributions or trade association spending; and
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The company has procedures in place to ensure that employee contributions to
company-sponsored political action committees (PACs) are strictly voluntary and prohibits
coercion.
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Vote AGAINST proposals to publish in newspapers and public media the companys political
contributions. Such publications could present significant cost to the company without providing
commensurate value to shareholders.
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to improve the disclosure of a companys political contributions and
trade association spending, considering:
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Recent significant controversy or litigation related to the companys political
contributions or governmental affairs; and
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The public availability of a company policy on political contributions and trade
association spending including information on the types of organizations supported, the
business rationale for supporting these organizations, and the oversight and compliance
procedures related to such expenditures of corporate assets.
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Vote AGAINST proposals barring the company from making political contributions. Businesses are
affected by legislation at the federal, state, and local level and barring political contributions
can put the company at a competitive disadvantage.
Vote AGAINST proposals asking for a list of company executives, directors, consultants, legal
counsels, lobbyists, or investment bankers that have prior government service and whether such
service had a bearing on the business of the company. Such a list would be burdensome to prepare
without providing any meaningful information to shareholders.
Labor and Human Rights Standards
Generally vote FOR proposals requesting a report on company or company supplier labor and/or human
rights standards and policies unless such information is already publicly disclosed.
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to implement company or company supplier labor and/or human rights
standards and policies, considering:
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The degree to which existing relevant policies and practices are disclosed;
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Whether or not existing relevant policies are consistent with internationally
recognized standards;
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Whether company facilities and those of its suppliers are monitored and how;
|
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B-27
Appendix B
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Company participation in fair labor organizations or other internationally recognized
human rights initiatives;
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|
Scope and nature of business conducted in markets known to have higher risk of
workplace labor/human rights abuse;
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Recent, significant company controversies, fines, or litigation regarding human rights
at the company or its suppliers;
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The scope of the request; and
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Deviation from industry sector peer company standards and practices.
|
|
Sustainability Reporting
Generally vote FOR proposals requesting the company to report on its policies, initiatives, and
oversight mechanisms related to social, economic, and environmental sustainability, unless:
|
|
|
|
The company already discloses similar information through existing reports or policies
such as an Environment, Health, and Safety (EHS) report; a comprehensive Code of Corporate
Conduct; and/or a Diversity Report; or
|
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The company has formally committed to the implementation of a reporting program based
on Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) guidelines or a similar standard within a specified
time frame
|
|
B-28
Appendix B
2009
INTERNATIONAL PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES SUMMARY
JANUARY 15, 2009
Copyright © 2009 by RiskMetrics Group.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or
by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage
and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Requests for permission to
make copies of any part of this work should be sent to: RiskMetrics Group Marketing Department, One
Chase Manhattan Plaza, 44th Floor, New York, NY 10005. RiskMetrics Group is a trademark used herein
under license.
B-29
Appendix B
RISKMETRICS
2009 INTERNATIONAL PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES SUMMARY
Effective for Meetings on or after Feb. 1, 2009
Updated Jan. 15, 2009
The following is a condensed version of the general policies for voting non-U.S. proxies contained
in the RiskMetrics (RMG) Proxy Voting Manual. In addition, RMG has country- and market-specific
policies, which are not captured below.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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1. OPERATIONAL ITEMS
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32
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Financial Results/Director and Auditor Reports
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32
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Appointment of Auditors and Auditor Fees
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32
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Appointment of Internal Statutory Auditors
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32
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Allocation of Income
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32
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Stock (Scrip) Dividend Alternative
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33
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Amendments to Articles of Association
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33
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Change in Company Fiscal Term
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33
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Lower Disclosure Threshold for Stock Ownership
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33
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Amend Quorum Requirements
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33
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Transact Other Business
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33
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2. BOARD OF DIRECTORS
|
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34
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Director Elections
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34
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RMG Classification of Directors International Policy 2009
|
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35
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Discharge of Directors
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36
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Director Compensation
|
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36
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Director, Officer, and Auditor Indemnification and Liability Provisions
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37
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Board Structure
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37
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B-30
Appendix B
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3. CAPITAL STRUCTURE
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38
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Share Issuance Requests
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38
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Increases in Authorized Capital
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38
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Reduction of Capital
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38
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Capital Structures
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38
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Preferred Stock
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39
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Debt Issuance Requests
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39
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Pledging of Assets for Debt
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39
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Increase in Borrowing Powers
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39
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Share Repurchase Plans
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39
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Reissuance of Repurchased Shares
|
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40
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Capitalization of Reserves for Bonus Issues/Increase in Par Value
|
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40
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4. OTHER
|
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|
41
|
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|
Reorganizations/Restructurings
|
|
|
41
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|
Mergers and Acquisitions
|
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|
41
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Mandatory Takeover Bid Waivers
|
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41
|
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Reincorporation Proposals
|
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42
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|
Expansion of Business Activities
|
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42
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|
Related-Party Transactions
|
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42
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|
Compensation Plans
|
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42
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Antitakeover Mechanisms
|
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42
|
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Shareholder Proposals
|
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42
|
|
B-31
Appendix B
1. Operational Items
Financial Results/Director and Auditor Reports
Vote FOR approval of financial statements and director and auditor reports, unless:
|
|
|
There are concerns about the accounts presented or audit procedures used; or
|
|
|
|
|
The company is not responsive to shareholder questions about specific items that should
be publicly disclosed.
|
Appointment of Auditors and Auditor Fees
Vote FOR the reelection of auditors and proposals authorizing the board to fix auditor fees,
unless:
|
|
|
There are serious concerns about the accounts presented or the audit procedures used;
|
|
|
|
|
The auditors are being changed without explanation; or
|
|
|
|
|
Non-audit-related fees are substantial or are routinely in excess of standard annual
audit-related fees.
|
Vote AGAINST the appointment of external auditors if they have previously served the company in an
executive capacity or can otherwise be considered affiliated with the company.
Appointment of Internal Statutory Auditors
Vote FOR the appointment or reelection of statutory auditors, unless:
|
|
|
There are serious concerns about the statutory reports presented or the audit
procedures used;
|
|
|
|
|
Questions exist concerning any of the statutory auditors being appointed; or
|
|
|
|
|
The auditors have previously served the company in an executive capacity or can
otherwise be considered affiliated with the company.
|
Allocation of Income
Vote FOR approval of the allocation of income, unless:
|
|
|
The dividend payout ratio has been consistently below 30 percent without adequate
explanation; or
|
|
|
|
|
|
The payout is excessive given the companys financial position.
|
|
B-32
Appendix B
Stock (Scrip) Dividend Alternative
Vote FOR most stock (scrip) dividend proposals.
Vote AGAINST proposals that do not allow for a cash option unless management demonstrates that the
cash option is harmful to shareholder value.
Amendments to Articles of Association
Vote amendments to the articles of association on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Change in Company Fiscal Term
Vote FOR resolutions to change a companys fiscal term unless a companys motivation for the change
is to postpone its AGM.
Lower Disclosure Threshold for Stock Ownership
Vote AGAINST resolutions to lower the stock ownership disclosure threshold below 5 percent unless
specific reasons exist to implement a lower threshold.
Amend Quorum Requirements
Vote proposals to amend quorum requirements for shareholder meetings on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Transact Other Business
Vote AGAINST other business when it appears as a voting item.
B-33
Appendix B
2. Board of Directors
Director Elections
Vote FOR management nominees in the election of directors, unless:
|
|
|
Adequate disclosure has not been provided in a timely manner;
|
|
|
|
|
There are clear concerns over questionable finances or restatements;
|
|
|
|
|
There have been questionable transactions with conflicts of interest;
|
|
|
|
|
There are any records of abuses against minority shareholder interests; or
|
|
|
|
|
The board fails to meet minimum corporate governance standards.
|
Vote FOR individual nominees unless there are specific concerns about the individual, such as
criminal wrongdoing or breach of fiduciary responsibilities.
Vote AGAINST individual directors if repeated absences at board meetings have not been explained
(in countries where this information is disclosed).
Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis for contested elections of directors, e.g. the election of shareholder
nominees or the dismissal of incumbent directors, determining which directors are best suited to
add value for shareholders.
Vote FOR employee and/or labor representatives if they sit on either the audit or compensation
committee and are required by law to be on those committees. Vote AGAINST employee and/or labor
representatives if they sit on either the audit or compensation committee, if they are not required
to be on those committees.
[Please see the International Classification of Directors on the following page.]
B-34
Appendix B
RMG Classification of Directors International Policy 2009
Executive Director
|
|
|
Employee or executive of the company;
|
|
|
|
|
Any director who is classified as a non-executive, but receives salary, fees, bonus,
and/or other benefits that are in line with the highest-paid executives of the company.
|
Non-Independent Non-Executive Director (NED)
|
|
|
Any director who is attested by the board to be a non-independent NED;
|
|
|
|
|
Any director specifically designated as a representative of a significant shareholder
of the company;
|
|
|
|
|
Any director who is also an employee or executive of a significant shareholder of the
company;
|
|
|
|
|
Beneficial owner (direct or indirect) of at least 10% of the companys stock, either in
economic terms or in voting rights (this may be aggregated if voting power is distributed
among more than one member of a defined group, e.g., family members who beneficially own
less than 10% individually, but collectively own more than 10%), unless market best
practice dictates a lower ownership and/or disclosure threshold (and in other special
market-specific circumstances);
|
|
|
|
|
Government representative;
|
|
|
|
|
|
Currently provides (or a relative
1
provides) professional
services
2
to the company, to an affiliate of the company, or to an individual
officer of the company or of one of its affiliates in excess of $10,000 per year;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Represents customer, supplier, creditor, banker, or other entity with which company
maintains transactional/commercial relationship (unless company discloses information to
apply a materiality test
3
;
|
|
|
|
|
|
Any director who has conflicting or cross-directorships with executive directors or the
chairman of the company;
|
|
|
|
|
|
Relative
1
of a current employee of the company or its affiliates;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Relative
1
of a former executive of the company or its affiliates;
|
|
|
|
|
|
A new appointee elected other than by a formal process through the General Meeting
(such as a contractual appointment by a substantial shareholder);
|
|
|
|
|
Founder/co-founder/member of founding family but not currently an employee;
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
Relative follows the U.S. SECs definition of
immediate family members which covers spouses, parents, children,
stepparents, step-children, siblings, in-laws, and any person (other than a
tenant or employee) sharing the household of any director, nominee for
director, executive officer, or significant shareholder of the company.
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
Professional services can be characterized as advisory
in nature and generally include the following: investment banking/financial
advisory services; commercial banking (beyond deposit services); investment
services; insurance services, accounting/audit services; consulting services;
marketing services; and legal services. The case of participation in a banking
syndicate by a non-lead bank should be considered a transaction (and hence
subject to the associated materiality test) rather than a professional
relationship.
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
If the company makes or receives annual payments
exceeding the greater of $200,000 or five percent of the recipients gross
revenues (the recipient is the party receiving the financial proceeds from the
transaction).
|
|
B-35
Appendix B
|
|
|
Former executive (5 year cooling off period);
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years of service is generally not a determining factor unless it is recommended best
practice in a market and/or in extreme circumstances, in which case it may be considered.
4
|
|
Independent NED
|
|
|
|
No material
5
connection, either directly or indirectly, to the company
other than a board seat.
|
|
Employee Representative
|
|
|
Represents employees or employee shareholders of the company (classified as employee
representative but considered a non-independent NED).
|
Discharge of Directors
Generally vote FOR the discharge of directors, including members of the management board and/or
supervisory board, unless there is reliable information about significant and compelling
controversies that the board is not fulfilling its fiduciary duties warranted by:
|
|
|
|
A lack of oversight or actions by board members which invoke shareholder distrust
related to malfeasance or poor supervision, such as operating in private or company
interest rather than in shareholder interest; or
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Any legal issues (e.g. civil/criminal) aiming to hold the board responsible for breach
of trust in the past or related to currently alleged actions yet to be confirmed (and not
only the fiscal year in question), such as price fixing, insider trading, bribery, fraud,
and other illegal actions; or
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other egregious governance issues where shareholders will bring legal action against
the company or its directors.
|
|
For markets which do not routinely request discharge resolutions (e.g. common law countries or
markets where discharge is not mandatory), analysts may voice concern in other appropriate agenda
items, such as approval of the annual accounts or other relevant resolutions, to enable
shareholders to express discontent with the board.
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
For example, in continental Europe, directors with a
tenure exceeding 12 years will be considered non-independent. In the United
Kingdom and Ireland, directors with a tenure exceeding nine years will be
considered non-independent, unless the company provides sufficient and clear
justification that the director is independent despite his long tenure.
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
For purposes of RMG director independence
classification, material will be defined as a standard of relationship
financial, personal or otherwise) that a reasonable person might conclude could
potentially influence ones objectivity in the boardroom in a manner that would
have a meaningful impact on an individuals ability to satisfy requisite
fiduciary standards on behalf of shareholders.
|
|
B-36
Appendix B
Director Compensation
Vote FOR proposals to award cash fees to non-executive directors unless the amounts are excessive
relative to other companies in the country or industry.
Vote non-executive director compensation proposals that include both cash and share-based
components on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Vote proposals that bundle compensation for both non-executive and executive directors into a
single resolution on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Vote AGAINST proposals to introduce retirement benefits for non-executive directors.
Director, Officer, and Auditor Indemnification and Liability Provisions
Vote proposals seeking indemnification and liability protection for directors and officers on a
CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Vote AGAINST proposals to indemnify auditors.
Board Structure
Vote FOR proposals to fix board size.
Vote AGAINST the introduction of classified boards and mandatory retirement ages for directors.
Vote AGAINST proposals to alter board structure or size in the context of a fight for control of
the company or the board.
B-37
Appendix B
3. Capital Structure
Share Issuance Requests
General Issuances:
Vote FOR issuance requests with preemptive rights to a maximum of 100 percent over currently issued
capital.
Vote FOR issuance requests without preemptive rights to a maximum of 20 percent of currently issued
capital.
Specific Issuances:
Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis on all requests, with or without preemptive rights.
Increases in Authorized Capital
Vote FOR non-specific proposals to increase authorized capital up to 100 percent over the current
authorization unless the increase would leave the company with less than 30 percent of its new
authorization outstanding.
Vote FOR specific proposals to increase authorized capital to any amount, unless:
|
|
|
|
The specific purpose of the increase (such as a share-based acquisition or merger) does
not meet RMG guidelines for the purpose being proposed; or
|
|
|
|
|
|
The increase would leave the company with less than 30 percent of its new authorization
outstanding after adjusting for all proposed issuances.
|
Vote AGAINST proposals to adopt unlimited capital authorizations.
Reduction of Capital
Vote FOR proposals to reduce capital for routine accounting purposes unless the terms are
unfavorable to shareholders.
Vote proposals to reduce capital in connection with corporate restructuring on a CASE-BY-CASE
basis.
Capital Structures
Vote FOR resolutions that seek to maintain or convert to a one-share, one-vote capital structure.
Vote AGAINST requests for the creation or continuation of dual-class capital structures or the
creation of new or additional supervoting shares.
B-38
Appendix B
Preferred Stock
Vote FOR the creation of a new class of preferred stock or for issuances of preferred stock up to
50 percent of issued capital unless the terms of the preferred stock would adversely affect the
rights of existing shareholders.
Vote FOR the creation/issuance of convertible preferred stock as long as the maximum number of
common shares that could be issued upon conversion meets RMG guidelines on equity issuance
requests.
Vote AGAINST the creation of a new class of preference shares that would carry superior voting
rights to the common shares.
Vote AGAINST the creation of blank check preferred stock unless the board clearly states that the
authorization will not be used to thwart a takeover bid.
Vote proposals to increase blank check preferred authorizations on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Debt Issuance Requests
Vote non-convertible debt issuance requests on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, with or without preemptive
rights.
Vote FOR the creation/issuance of convertible debt instruments as long as the maximum number of
common shares that could be issued upon conversion meets RMG guidelines on equity issuance
requests.
Vote FOR proposals to restructure existing debt arrangements unless the terms of the restructuring
would adversely affect the rights of shareholders.
Pledging of Assets for Debt
Vote proposals to approve the pledging of assets for debt on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Increase in Borrowing Powers
Vote proposals to approve increases in a companys borrowing powers on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Share Repurchase Plans
Generally vote FOR share repurchase programs/market repurchase authorities, provided that the
proposal meets the following parameters:
|
|
|
|
Maximum volume: 10 percent for market repurchase within any single authority and 10
percent of outstanding shares to be kept in treasury (on the shelf);
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Duration does not exceed 18 months.
|
|
B-39
Appendix B
For markets that either generally do not specify the maximum duration of the authority or seek a
duration beyond 18 months that is allowable under market specific legislation, RMG will assess the
companys historic practice. If there is evidence that a company has sought shareholder approval
for the authority to repurchase shares on an annual basis, RMG will support the proposed authority.
In addition, vote AGAINST any proposal where:
|
|
|
|
The repurchase can be used for takeover defenses;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
There is clear evidence of abuse;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
There is no safeguard against selective buybacks;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pricing provisions and safeguards are deemed to be unreasonable in light of market
practice.
|
|
RMG may support share repurchase plans in excess of 10 percent volume under exceptional
circumstances, such as one-off company specific events (e.g. capital re-structuring). Such
proposals will be assessed case-by-case based on merits, which should be clearly disclosed in the
annual report, provided that following conditions are met:
|
|
|
|
The overall balance of the proposed plan seems to be clearly in shareholders
interests;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The plan still respects the 10 percent maximum of shares to be kept in treasury.
|
|
Reissuance of Repurchased Shares
Vote FOR requests to reissue any repurchased shares unless there is clear evidence of abuse of this
authority in the past.
Capitalization of Reserves for Bonus Issues/Increase in Par Value
Vote FOR requests to capitalize reserves for bonus issues of shares or to increase par value.
B-40
Appendix B
4. Other
Reorganizations/Restructurings
Vote reorganizations and restructurings on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Mergers and Acquisitions
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on mergers and acquisitions taking into account the following:
For every M&A analysis, RMG reviews publicly available information as of the date of the report and
evaluates the merits and drawbacks of the proposed transaction, balancing various and sometimes
countervailing factors including:
|
|
|
|
Valuation Is the value to be received by the target shareholders (or paid by the
acquirer) reasonable? While the fairness opinion may provide an initial starting point for
assessing valuation reasonableness, RMG places emphasis on the offer premium, market
reaction, and strategic rationale.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Market reaction How has the market responded to the proposed deal? A negative market
reaction will cause RMG to scrutinize a deal more closely.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Strategic rationale Does the deal make sense strategically? From where is the value
derived? Cost and revenue synergies should not be overly aggressive or optimistic, but
reasonably achievable. Management should also have a favorable track record of successful
integration of historical acquisitions.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conflicts of interest Are insiders benefiting from the transaction disproportionately
and inappropriately as compared to non-insider shareholders? RMG will consider whether any
special interests may have influenced these directors and officers to support or recommend
the merger.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Governance Will the combined company have a better or worse governance profile than
the current governance profiles of the respective parties to the transaction? If the
governance profile is to change for the worse, the burden is on the company to prove that
other issues (such as valuation) outweigh any deterioration in governance.
|
Vote AGAINST if the companies do not provide sufficient information upon request to make an
informed voting decision.
Mandatory Takeover Bid Waivers
Vote proposals to waive mandatory takeover bid requirements on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
B-41
Appendix B
Reincorporation Proposals
Vote reincorporation proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Expansion of Business Activities
Vote FOR resolutions to expand business activities unless the new business takes the company into
risky areas.
Related-Party Transactions
Vote related-party transactions on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Compensation Plans
Vote compensation plans on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Antitakeover Mechanisms
Generally vote AGAINST all antitakeover proposals, unless they are structured in such a way that
they give shareholders the ultimate decision on any proposal or offer.
Shareholder Proposals
Vote all shareholder proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Vote FOR proposals that would improve the companys corporate governance or business profile at a
reasonable cost.
Vote AGAINST proposals that limit the companys business activities or capabilities or result in
significant costs being incurred with little or no benefit.
B-42
Appendix B
Exhibit B
Modifications to recommendations set forth in the RMG Proxy Voting Manual
Shareholder Ability to Act by Written Consent
Vote FOR proposals to restrict or prohibit shareholder activity to take action by written consent.
Vote AGAINST proposals to allow or make easier shareholder action by written consent.
Cumulative Voting
Vote FOR proposals to eliminate cumulative voting.
Vote AGAINST proposals to restore or provide for cumulative voting.
Incumbent Director Nominees
Vote WITH managements recommendations regarding incumbent director nominees.
B-43
GMO TRUST
GMO Asset Allocation Bond Fund
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
March 16, 2009
This Statement of Additional Information is not a prospectus. It relates to the GMO Trust
Prospectus of GMO Asset Allocation Bond Fund (the Fund) dated March 16, 2009, as amended from
time to time thereafter (the Prospectus), and should be read in conjunction therewith.
Information from the Prospectus is and (when available) information from the annual report to
shareholders of the Fund will be incorporated by reference into this Statement of Additional
Information. The Prospectus and the annual report to shareholders of the Fund (when available) may
be obtained free of charge from GMO Trust (the Trust), 40 Rowes Wharf, Boston, Massachusetts
02110, or by calling the Trust collect at 1-617-346-7646.
Table of Contents
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A-1
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B-1
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The GMO Asset Allocation Bond Fund is a series of GMO Trust. The Trust is a series investment
company that consists of separate series of investment portfolios (the Series), each of which is
represented by a separate series of shares of beneficial interest. Each Series manager is
Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co. LLC (the Manager or GMO). Shares of the other Series of the
Trust are offered pursuant to separate prospectuses or private placement memoranda and statements
of additional information.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES
The investment objective and principal strategies of, and risks of investing in, the Fund are
described in the Prospectus. Unless otherwise indicated in the Prospectus or this Statement of
Additional Information, the investment objective and policies of the Fund may be changed without
shareholder approval.
FUND INVESTMENTS
The charts on the following pages indicate the types of investments that the Fund is generally
permitted (but not required) to make. The Fund may, however, make other types of investments
provided the investments are consistent with the Funds investment objective and policies and the
Funds investment restrictions do not expressly prohibit it from so doing.
Investors should note that, when used in this Statement of Additional Information, the term
invest includes both direct investing and indirect investing and the term investments includes
both direct investments and indirect investments. For instance, the Fund may invest indirectly or
make indirect investments by investing in another Fund of the Trust or in derivatives and synthetic
instruments with economic characteristics similar to the underlying asset. Accordingly, the
following list indicates the types of investments that the Fund is directly or indirectly permitted
to make.
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Foreign InvestmentsForeign Issuers
1
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Foreign InvestmentsForeign Issuers (Traded on U.S. Exchanges)
1
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Foreign InvestmentsEmerging Countries
1
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Swap Contracts and Other Two-Party Contracts
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Foreign Currency Transactions
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Debt and Other Fixed Income Securities
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Debt and Other Fixed Income SecuritiesLong and Medium Term Corporate & Government
Bonds
2
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Debt and Other Fixed Income SecuritiesShort-Term Corporate & Government Bonds
2
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Debt and Other Fixed Income SecuritiesMunicipal Securities
3
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Cash and Other High Quality Investments
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U.S. Government Securities and Foreign Government Securities
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Asset-Backed and Related Securities
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Adjustable Rate Securities
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Below Investment Grade Securities
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1
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Firm Commitments and When-Issued Securities
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Loans, Loan Participations, and Assignments
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Reverse Repurchase Agreements and Dollar Roll Agreements
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Illiquid Securities, Private Placements, Restricted Securities, and IPOs and Other Limited
Opportunities
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Investments in Other Investment Companies or Other Pooled Investments
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Investments in Other Investment Companies Shares of Other GMO Trust
Funds
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Footnotes to Fund Investments List
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1
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For more information, see, among other sections, Description of Principal RisksForeign
Investment Risk in the Prospectus and Descriptions and Risks of Fund Investments Risks of
Foreign Investments herein.
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2
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For more information, see, among other sections, Descriptions and Risks of Fund
InvestmentsU.S. Government Securities and Foreign Government Securities herein.
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3
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For more information, see, among other sections, Descriptions and Risks of Fund
InvestmentsMunicipal Securities herein.
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(
Note
: Some of the footnotes to the above list refer investors to various risks described
in the Description of Principal Risks section of the Prospectus for more information relating to
a particular type of investment in the list. The presence of such a risk cross reference for a
particular Fund investment is not intended to indicate that such risk is a principal risk of the
Fund, and instead is intended to provide more information regarding the risks associated with the
particular investment. Please refer to the Fund Summaries and Description of Principal Risks
sections of the Prospectus for a list of the Funds principal risks.)
DESCRIPTIONS AND RISKS OF FUND INVESTMENTS
The following is a description of investment practices in which the Fund may engage and the risks
associated with their use. The Fund is indirectly exposed to the investment practices of the other
Funds of the Trust in which it invests (the underlying Funds), and is therefore subject to all
risks associated with the practices of the underlying Funds.
UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED HEREIN, THE
INVESTMENT PRACTICES AND ASSOCIATED RISKS DETAILED BELOW ALSO INCLUDE THOSE TO WHICH THE FUND
INDIRECTLY MAY BE EXPOSED THROUGH ITS INVESTMENT IN THE UNDERLYING FUNDS.
ANY REFERENCES TO
INVESTMENTS MADE BY THE FUND INCLUDE THOSE THAT MAY BE MADE BOTH DIRECTLY BY THE FUND AND
INDIRECTLY BY THE FUND (E.G., THROUGH ITS INVESTMENTS IN THE UNDERLYING FUNDS OR THROUGH ITS
INVESTMENTS IN DERIVATIVES OR SYNTHETIC INSTRUMENTS).
Please refer to Fund Summary and
Description of Principal Risks in the Prospectus and Fund Investments in this Statement of
Additional Information for additional information regarding the practices in which the Fund may
engage either directly or indirectly.
Portfolio Turnover
Based on the Managers assessment of market conditions, the Manager may trade the Funds
investments more frequently at some times than at others, resulting in a higher portfolio turnover
rate. Increased portfolio turnover involves correspondingly greater brokerage commissions and
other transaction costs, which will be borne directly by the Fund, and may involve realization of
2
capital gains or other types of income that are taxable when distributed to shareholders of the
Fund unless those shareholders are themselves exempt. If portfolio turnover results in the
recognition of short-term capital gains, those gains typically are taxed to shareholders at
ordinary income tax rates. High turnover rates may adversely affect the Funds performance by
generating additional expenses and may result in additional taxable income for its shareholders.
See Distributions and Taxes in the Prospectus and Distributions and Taxes in this Statement
of Additional Information for more information.
Diversified and Non-Diversified Portfolios
As set forth in Investment Restrictions below, the Fund is a non-diversified fund under the
Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act), and, as such, is not required to
satisfy the requirements for diversified funds under the 1940 Act, which require that at least 75%
of the value of a funds total assets be represented by cash and cash items (including
receivables), government securities, securities of other investment companies, and other securities
that for the purposes of this calculation are limited in respect of any one issuer to not greater
than 5% of the value of the Funds total assets and not more than 10% of the outstanding voting
securities of any single issuer.
As a non-diversified fund, the Fund is permitted (but is not required) to invest a higher
percentage of its assets in the securities of fewer issuers. That concentration could increase the
risk of loss to the Fund resulting from a decline in the market value of particular portfolio
securities. Investment in a non-diversified fund may entail greater risks than investment in a
diversified fund. The Fund must, however, meet diversification standards to qualify as a
regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code).
Risks of Foreign Investments
General
.
Investment in foreign issuers or securities principally traded outside the United States
may involve special risks due to foreign economic, political, and legal developments, including
favorable or unfavorable changes in currency exchange rates, exchange control regulations
(including currency blockage), expropriation or nationalization of assets, imposition of
withholding taxes on dividend or interest payments, and possible difficulty in obtaining and
enforcing judgments against foreign entities. Issuers of foreign securities are subject to
different, often less comprehensive, accounting, reporting, and disclosure requirements than U.S.
issuers. The securities of some foreign governments, companies, and securities markets are less
liquid, and at times more volatile, than comparable U.S. securities and securities markets.
Foreign brokerage commissions and related fees also are generally higher than in the United States.
Funds that invest in foreign securities also may be affected by different settlement practices or
delayed settlements in some markets. The laws of some foreign countries may limit the Funds
ability to invest in securities of certain issuers located in those countries. Special tax
considerations also apply to investments in securities of foreign issuers and securities
principally traded outside the United States.
Foreign countries may have reporting requirements with respect to the ownership of securities, and
those reporting requirements may be subject to interpretation or change without prior notice
3
to investors. While the Fund makes reasonable efforts to stay informed of foreign reporting
requirements relating to the Funds foreign portfolio securities (e.g., through the Funds
brokerage contacts, publications of the Investment Company Institute, which is the national
association of U.S. investment companies, the Funds custodial network, and, to the extent deemed
appropriate by the Fund under the circumstances, local counsel in the relevant foreign country), no
assurance can be given that the Fund will satisfy applicable foreign reporting requirements at all
times.
Emerging Countries
.
The risks described above apply to an even greater extent to investments in
emerging countries. The securities markets of emerging countries are generally smaller, less
developed, less liquid, and more volatile than the securities markets of the United States and
developed foreign countries, and disclosure and regulatory standards in many respects are less
stringent. In addition, the securities markets of emerging countries are typically subject to a
lower level of monitoring and regulation. Government enforcement of existing securities
regulations is limited, and any such enforcement may be arbitrary and the results may be difficult
to predict. In addition, reporting requirements of emerging countries with respect to the
ownership of securities are more likely to be subject to interpretation or changes without prior
notice to investors than more developed countries.
Many emerging countries have experienced substantial, and in some periods extremely high, rates of
inflation for many years. Inflation and rapid fluctuations in inflation rates have had and may
continue to have negative effects on their economies and securities markets.
Economies of emerging countries generally are heavily dependent on international trade and,
accordingly, have been and may continue to be affected adversely by trade barriers, exchange
controls, managed adjustments in relative currency values, and other protectionist measures imposed
or negotiated by the countries with which they trade. Economies of emerging countries also have
been and may continue to be adversely affected by economic conditions in the countries with which
they trade. The economies of emerging countries may be predominantly based on only a few
industries or dependent on revenues from particular commodities. In many cases, governments of
emerging countries continue to exercise significant control over their economies, and government
actions relative to the economy, as well as economic developments generally, may affect the
capacity of creditors in those countries to make payments on their debt obligations, regardless of
their financial condition.
Custodial services are often more expensive and other investment-related costs higher in emerging
countries than in developed countries, which could reduce the Funds income from investments in
securities or debt instruments of emerging country issuers.
Emerging countries are more likely than developed countries to experience political uncertainty and
instability, including the risk of war, terrorism, nationalization, limitations on the removal of
funds or other assets, or diplomatic developments that affect U.S. investments in these countries.
No assurance can be given that adverse political changes will not cause the Fund to suffer a loss
of any or all of its investments (or, in the case of fixed-income securities, interest) in emerging
countries.
4
Securities Lending
The Fund may make secured loans of its portfolio securities amounting to not more than one-third of
its total assets. For these purposes, total assets include the proceeds of such loans. Securities
loans are made to broker-dealers that the Manager believes to be of relatively high credit standing
pursuant to agreements requiring that the loans continuously be collateralized by cash, liquid
securities, or shares of other investment companies with a value at least equal to the market value
of the loaned securities. If a loan is collateralized by U.S. government securities, the Fund
receives a fee from the borrower. If a loan is collateralized by cash, the Fund typically invests
the cash collateral for its own account in interest-bearing, short-term securities and pays a fee
to the borrower that normally represents a portion of the Funds earnings on the collateral. As
with other extensions of credit, the Fund bears the risk of delay in the recovery of the securities
and of loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower fail financially. The Fund also bears
the risk that the value of investments made with collateral may decline.
Voting rights or rights to consent with respect to the loaned securities pass to the borrower. The
Fund has the right to call loans at any time on reasonable notice and will do so if holders of a
loaned security are asked to take action on a material matter. However, the Fund bears the risk of
delay in the return of the security, impairing the Funds ability to vote on such matters. The
Manager has retained lending agents on behalf of the Fund that are compensated based on a
percentage of the Funds return on its securities lending. The Fund may also pay various fees in
connection with securities loans, including shipping fees and custodian fees.
The Funds securities loans may or may not be structured to preserve qualified dividend income
treatment or the corporate dividends-received deduction on dividends paid on the loaned securities.
The Fund may receive substitute payments under its loans (instead of dividends on the loaned
securities) that are not eligible for treatment as qualified dividend income and the long-term
capital gain tax rates applicable thereto or as dividends eligible for the corporate
dividends-received deduction. See Taxes below for further discussion of qualified dividend
income and the corporate dividends-received deduction.
Depository Receipts
The Fund may invest in American Depositary Receipts (ADRs), Global Depository Receipts (GDRs), and
European Depository Receipts (EDRs) (collectively, Depository Receipts). Depository Receipts
generally evidence an ownership interest in a foreign security on deposit with a financial
institution. Transactions in Depository Receipts usually do not settle in the same currency in
which the underlying foreign securities are denominated or traded. Generally, ADRs are designed
for use in the U.S. securities markets and EDRs are designed for use in European securities
markets. GDRs may be traded in any public or private securities market and may represent
securities held by institutions located anywhere in the world.
Convertible Securities
A convertible security is a security (a bond or preferred stock) that may be converted at a stated
price within a specified period into a specified number of shares of common stock of the same or a
different issuer. Convertible securities are senior to common stock in a corporations capital
5
structure, but are usually subordinated to senior debt obligations of the issuer. Convertible
securities provide holders, through their conversion feature, an opportunity to participate in
increases in the market price of their underlying securities. The price of a convertible security
is influenced by the market price of the underlying security, and tends to increase as the market
price rises and decrease as the market price declines. The Manager regards convertible securities
as a form of equity security.
Preferred Stocks
Preferred stocks include convertible and non-convertible preferred and preference stocks that are
senior to common stock. Preferred stocks are equity securities that are senior to common stock
with respect to the right to receive dividends and a fixed share of the proceeds resulting from the
issuers liquidation. Some preferred stocks also entitle their holders to receive additional
liquidation proceeds on the same basis as holders of the issuers common stock, and thus represent
an ownership interest in the issuer. Depending on the features of the particular security, holders
of preferred stock may bear the risks disclosed in the Prospectus or this Statement of Additional
Information regarding equity or fixed income securities.
Warrants and Rights
The Fund may purchase or otherwise receive warrants or rights. Warrants and rights generally give
the holder the right to receive, upon exercise, a security of the issuer at a stated price. Funds
typically use warrants and rights in a manner similar to their use of options on securities, as
described in Options and Futures below. Risks associated with the use of warrants and rights are
generally similar to risks associated with the use of options. Unlike most options, however,
warrants and rights are issued in specific amounts, and warrants generally have longer terms than
options. Warrants and rights are not likely to be as liquid as exchange-traded options backed by a
recognized clearing agency. In addition, the terms of warrants or rights may limit the Funds
ability to exercise the warrants or rights at such time, or in such quantities, as the Fund would
otherwise wish.
Options and Futures
The Fund may use options and futures for various purposes, including for hedging and investment
purposes. (See Uses of Derivatives below for more information regarding the various derivatives
strategies the Fund may employ using options and futures.) The use of options contracts, futures
contracts, and options on futures contracts involves risk. Thus, while the Fund may benefit from
the use of options, futures, and options on futures, unanticipated changes in interest rates,
securities prices, currency exchange rates, or other underlying assets or reference rates may
adversely affect the Funds performance.
Options on Securities and Indices
.
The Fund may purchase and sell put and call options on equity,
fixed income, or other securities or indices in standardized exchange-traded contracts. An option
on a security or index is a contract that gives the holder of the option, in return for a premium,
the right (but not the obligation) to buy from (in the case of a call) or sell to (in the case of a
put) the writer of the option the security underlying the option (or the cash value of the index
underlying the option) at a specified price. Upon exercise, the writer of an option on a
6
security has the obligation to deliver the underlying security upon payment of the exercise price
or to pay the exercise price upon delivery of the underlying security. Upon exercise, the writer
of an option on an index is required to pay the difference between the cash value of the index and
the exercise price multiplied by the specified multiplier for the index option.
Purchasing Options on Securities and Indices
. Among other reasons, the Fund may purchase a put
option to hedge against a decline in the value of a portfolio security. If such a decline occurs,
the put option will permit the Fund to sell the security at the higher exercise price or to close
out the option at a profit. By using put options in this manner, the Fund will reduce any profit
it might otherwise have realized in the underlying security by the amount of the premium paid for
the put option and by its transaction costs. In order for a put option purchased by the Fund to be
profitable, the market price of the underlying security must decline sufficiently below the
exercise price to cover the premium paid by the Fund and transaction costs.
Among other reasons, the Fund may purchase call options to hedge against an increase in the price
of securities the Fund anticipates purchasing in the future. If such a price increase occurs, a
call option will permit the Fund to purchase the securities at the exercise price or to close out
the option at a profit. The premium paid for the call option, plus any transaction costs, will
reduce the benefit, if any, that the Fund realizes upon exercise of the option and, unless the
price of the underlying security rises sufficiently, the option may expire worthless to the Fund.
Thus, for a call option purchased by the Fund to be profitable, the market price of the underlying
security must rise sufficiently above the exercise price to cover the premium paid by the Fund to
the writer and transaction costs.
In the case of both call and put options, the purchaser of an option risks losing the premium paid
for the option plus related transaction costs if the option expires worthless.
Writing Options on Securities and Indices
. Because the Fund receives a premium for writing a put
or call option, the Fund may seek to increase its return by writing call or put options on
securities or indices. The premium the Fund receives for writing an option will increase the
Funds return in the event the option expires unexercised or is closed out at a profit. The size
of the premium the Fund receives reflects, among other things, the relationship of the market price
and volatility of the underlying security or index to the exercise price of the option, the
remaining term of the option, supply and demand, and interest rates.
The Fund may write a call option on a security or other instrument held by the Fund. In such case,
the Fund limits its opportunity to profit from an increase in the market price of the underlying
security above the exercise price of the option. Alternatively, the Fund may write a call option
on securities in which it may invest but that are not currently held by the Fund. During periods
of declining securities prices or when prices are stable, writing these types of call options can
be a profitable strategy to increase the Funds income with minimal capital risk. However, when
securities prices increase, the Fund is exposed to an increased risk of loss, because if the price
of the underlying security or instrument exceeds the options exercise price, the Fund will suffer
a loss equal to the amount by which the market price exceeds the exercise price at the time the
call option is exercised, minus the premium received. Calls written on securities that the Fund
does not own are riskier than calls written on securities owned by the Fund because there is no
underlying security held by the Fund that can act as a partial hedge.
7
When such a call is exercised, the Fund must purchase the underlying security to meet its call
obligation or make a payment equal to the value of its obligation in order to close out the option.
Calls written on securities that the Fund does not own have speculative characteristics and the
potential for loss is unlimited. There is also a risk, especially with less liquid preferred and
debt securities, that the securities may not be available for purchase.
The Fund also may write a put option on a security. In so doing, the Fund assumes the risk that it
may be required to purchase the underlying security for an exercise price higher than its
then-current market price, resulting in a loss on exercise equal to the amount by which the market
price of the security is below the exercise price minus the premium received.
OTC Options
.
The Fund may also invest in over-the-counter (OTC) options. OTC options differ
from exchange-traded options in that they are two-party contracts, with price and other terms
negotiated between the buyer and seller, and generally do not have as much market liquidity as
exchange-traded options.
Closing Options Transactions
.
The holder of an option may terminate its position in a put or call
option it has purchased by allowing it to expire or by exercising the option. If an option is
American style, it may be exercised on any day up to its expiration date. In contrast, a European
style option may be exercised only on its expiration date.
In addition, a holder of an option may terminate its obligation prior to the options expiration by
effecting an offsetting closing transaction. In the case of exchange-traded options, the Fund, as
a holder of an option, may effect an offsetting closing sale transaction by selling an option of
the same series as the option previously purchased. The Fund realizes a loss from a closing sale
transaction if the premium received from the sale of the option is less than the premium paid to
purchase the option (plus transaction costs). Similarly, the Fund that has written an option may
effect an offsetting closing purchase transaction by buying an option of the same series as the
option previously written. The Fund realizes a loss from a closing purchase transaction if the
cost of the closing purchase transaction (option premium plus transaction costs) is greater than
the premium received from writing the option. If the Fund desires to sell a security on which it
has written a call option, it will effect a closing purchase prior to or concurrently with the sale
of the security. There can be no assurance, however, that a closing purchase or sale can be
effected when the Fund desires to do so.
An OTC option may be closed out only with the counterparty, although either party may engage in an
offsetting transaction that puts that party in the same economic position as if it had closed out
the option with the counterparty.
No guarantee exists that the Fund will be able to effect a closing purchase or a closing sale with
respect to a specific option at any particular time.
Risk Factors in Options Transactions
.
There are various risks associated with transactions in
exchange-traded and OTC options. The value of options written by the Fund, which will be priced
daily, will be affected by, among other factors, changes in the value of underlying securities
(including those comprising an index), changes in the dividend rates of underlying securities
(including those comprising an index), changes in interest rates, changes in the actual
8
or perceived volatility of the stock market and underlying securities, and the remaining time to an
options expiration. The value of an option also may be adversely affected if the market for the
option is reduced or becomes less liquid. In addition, since an American style option allows the
holder to exercise its rights any time prior to expiration of the option, the writer of an American
style option has no control over the time when it may be required to fulfill its obligations as a
writer of the option. This risk is not present when writing a European style option since the
holder may only exercise the option on its expiration date.
The Funds ability to use options as part of its investment program depends on the liquidity of the
markets in those instruments. In addition, there can be no assurance that a liquid market will
exist when the Fund seeks to close out an option position. If the Fund were unable to close out an
option that it had purchased on a security, it would have to exercise the option in order to
realize any profit or the option may expire worthless. If the Fund were unable to close out a call
option that it had written on a portfolio security owned by the Fund, it would not be able to sell
the underlying security unless the option expired without exercise. As the writer of a call option
on a portfolio security, during the options life, the Fund foregoes the opportunity to profit from
increases in the market value of the security underlying the call option above the sum of the
premium and the strike price of the call, but retains the risk of loss (net of premiums received)
should the price of the underlying security decline. Similarly, as the writer of a call option on
a securities index, the Fund foregoes the opportunity to profit from increases in the index over
the strike price of the option, though it retains the risk of loss (net of premiums received)
should the price of the Funds portfolio securities decline.
An exchange-traded option may be closed out by means of an offsetting transaction only on a
national securities exchange (Exchange), which generally provides a liquid secondary market for
an option of the same series. If a liquid secondary market for an exchange-traded option does not
exist, the Fund might not be able to effect an offsetting closing transaction for a particular
option as described above. Reasons for the absence of a liquid secondary market on an Exchange
include the following: (i) insufficient trading interest in some options; (ii) restrictions by an
Exchange on opening or closing transactions, or both; (iii) trading halts, suspensions, or other
restrictions on particular classes or series of options or underlying securities; (iv) unusual or
unforeseen interruptions in normal operations on an Exchange; (v) inability to handle current
trading volume; or (vi) discontinuance of options trading (or trading in a particular class or
series of options) (although outstanding options on an Exchange that were issued by the Options
Clearing Corporation should continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms). In
addition, the hours of trading for options on an Exchange may not conform to the hours during which
the securities held by the Fund are traded. To the extent that the options markets close before
the markets for the underlying securities, significant price and rate movements can take place in
the underlying markets that may not be reflected in the options markets.
The Exchanges have established limits on the maximum number of options an investor or group of
investors acting in concert may write. The Fund, the Manager, and other clients of the Manager
constitute such a group. These limits restrict the Funds ability to purchase or sell options on a
particular security.
An OTC option may be closed out only with the counterparty, although either party may engage in an
offsetting transaction that puts that party in the same economic position as if it had closed
9
out the option with the counterparty. See Swap Contracts and Other Two-Party Contracts Risk
Factors in Swap Contracts, OTC Options, and Other Two-Party Contracts below for a discussion of
counterparty risk and other risks associated with investing in OTC options.
The Funds ability to engage in options transactions may be limited by tax considerations.
Currency Options
.
The Fund may purchase and sell options on currencies. Options on currencies
possess many of the same characteristics as options on securities and generally operate in a
similar manner. (See Foreign Currency Transactions below for more information on the Funds use
of currency options.)
Futures
.
To the extent consistent with applicable law, the Fund may invest in futures contracts
on, among other things, financial instruments (such as a U.S. government security or other fixed
income security), individual equity securities (single stock futures), securities indices,
interest rates, currencies and inflation indices. Futures contracts on securities indices are
referred to herein as Index Futures.
Certain futures contracts are physically settled (i.e., involve the making and taking of delivery
of a specified amount of an underlying security or other asset). For instance, the sale of futures
contracts on foreign currencies or financial instruments creates an obligation of the seller to
deliver a specified quantity of an underlying foreign currency or financial instrument called for
in the contract for a stated price at a specified time. Conversely, the purchase of such futures
contracts creates an obligation of the purchaser to pay for and take delivery of the underlying
foreign currency or financial instrument called for in the contract for a stated price at a
specified time. In some cases, the specific instruments delivered or taken, respectively, on the
settlement date are not determined until on or near that date. That determination is made in
accordance with the rules of the exchange on which the sale or purchase was made. Some futures
contracts are cash settled (rather than physically settled), which means that the purchase price is
subtracted from the current market value of the instrument and the net amount, if positive, is paid
to the purchaser by the seller of the futures contract and, if negative, is paid by the purchaser
to the seller of the futures contract. In particular, Index Futures are agreements pursuant to
which two parties agree to take or make delivery of an amount of cash equal to the difference
between the value of a securities index at the close of the last trading day of the contract and
the price at which the index contract was originally written. Although the value of a securities
index might be a function of the value of certain specified securities, no physical delivery of
these securities is made.
The purchase or sale of a futures contract differs from the purchase or sale of a security or
option in that no price or premium is paid or received. Instead, an amount of cash, U.S.
government securities, or other liquid assets equal in value to a percentage of the face amount of
the futures contract must be deposited with the broker. This amount is known as initial margin.
The amount of the initial margin is generally set by the market on which the contract is traded
(margin requirements on foreign exchanges may be different than those on U.S. exchanges).
Subsequent payments to and from the broker, known as variation margin, are made on a daily basis as
the price of the underlying futures contract fluctuates, making the long and short positions in the
futures contract more or less valuable, a process known as marking to the market. For futures
contracts which are cash settled, the Fund may designate or segregate
10
liquid assets in an amount equal to the Funds daily marked-to-market value of such contract.
Prior to the settlement date of the futures contract, the position may be closed by taking an
opposite position. A final determination of variation margin is then made, additional cash is
required to be paid to or released by the broker, and the purchaser realizes a loss or gain. In
addition, a commission is paid to the broker on each completed purchase and sale.
Although some futures contracts call for making or taking delivery of the underlying securities,
currencies, commodities or other underlying instrument, in most cases, futures contracts are closed
before the settlement date without the making or taking of delivery by offsetting purchases or
sales of matching futures contracts (i.e., with the same exchange, underlying financial instrument,
currency, commodity, or index, and delivery month). If the price of the initial sale exceeds the
price of the offsetting purchase, the seller is paid the difference and realizes a gain.
Conversely, if the price of the offsetting purchase exceeds the price of the initial sale, the
seller realizes a loss. Similarly, a purchase of a futures contract is closed out by selling a
corresponding futures contract. If the offsetting sale price exceeds the original purchase price,
the purchaser realizes a gain, and, if the original purchase price exceeds the offsetting sale
price, the purchaser realizes a loss. Any transaction costs must also be included in these
calculations.
In the United States, futures contracts are traded only on commodity exchanges or boards of trade
known as contract markets approved by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), and
must be executed through a futures commission merchant or brokerage firm that is a member of the
relevant market. The Fund may also purchase futures contracts on foreign exchanges or similar
entities, which are not regulated by the CFTC and may not be subject to the same degree of
regulation as the U.S. contract markets. (See Additional Risks of Options on Securities, Futures
Contracts, and Options on Futures Contracts Traded on Foreign Exchanges below.)
Index Futures
.
The Funds purchase and sale of Index Futures is limited to contracts and exchanges
approved by the CFTC. The Fund may close open positions on an exchange on which Index Futures are
traded at any time up to and including the expiration day. In general, all positions that remain
open at the close of business on that day must be settled on the next business day (based on the
value of the relevant index on the expiration day). Additional or different margin requirements as
well as settlement procedures may apply to foreign stock Index Futures.
Interest Rate Futures
.
The Fund may engage in transactions involving the use of futures on
interest rates. These transactions may be in connection with investments in U.S. government
securities and other fixed income securities.
Consumer Price Index Futures
.
The Fund may engage in transactions involving Consumer Price Index
(CPI) futures, which are exchange-traded futures contracts that represent the inflation on a
notional value of $1,000,000 for a period of three months, as implied by the CPI. CPI futures may
be used by the Fund to hedge the inflation risk in nominal bonds (i.e., non-inflation indexed
bonds) thereby creating synthetic inflation indexed bonds. The Fund also may combine CPI futures
with U.S. Treasury futures contracts to create synthetic inflation indexed bonds issued by the
U.S. Treasury. See Indexed SecuritiesInflation Indexed Bonds below for a discussion of
inflation indexed bonds.
11
Currency Futures
.
The Fund may buy and sell futures contracts on currencies. (See Foreign
Currency Transactions below for a description of the Funds use of currency futures.)
Options on Futures Contracts
.
Options on futures contracts give the purchaser the right in return
for the premium paid to assume a long position (in the case of a call option) or a short position
(in the case of a put option) in a futures contract at the option exercise price at any time during
the period of the option (in the case of an American style option) or on the expiration date (in
the case of European style option). Upon exercise of a call option, the holder acquires a long
position in the futures contract and the writer is assigned the opposite short position. In the
case of a put option, the holder acquires a short position and the writer is assigned the opposite
long position in the futures contract. Accordingly, in the event that an option is exercised, the
parties will be subject to all the risks associated with the trading of futures contracts, such as
payment of initial and variation margin deposits.
The Fund may use options on futures contracts in lieu of writing or buying options directly on the
underlying securities or purchasing and selling the underlying futures contracts. For example, to
hedge against a possible decrease in the value of its portfolio securities, the Fund may purchase
put options or write call options on futures contracts rather than selling futures contracts.
Similarly, the Fund may hedge against a possible increase in the price of securities the Fund
expects to purchase by purchasing call options or writing put options on futures contracts rather
than purchasing futures contracts. Options on futures contracts generally operate in the same
manner as options purchased or written directly on the underlying investments. (See Foreign
Currency Transactions below for a description of the Funds use of options on currency futures.)
The Fund is also required to deposit and maintain margin with respect to put and call options on
futures contracts written by it. Such margin deposits may vary depending on the nature of the
underlying futures contract (and the related initial margin requirements), the current market value
of the option, and other futures positions held by the Fund.
A position in an option on a futures contract may be terminated by the purchaser or seller prior to
expiration by effecting a closing purchase or sale transaction, subject to the availability of a
liquid secondary market, which is the purchase or sale of an option of the same type (i.e., the
same exercise price and expiration date) as the option previously purchased or sold. The
difference between the premiums paid and received represents the Funds profit or loss on the
transaction.
Risk Factors in Futures and Futures Options Transactions
.
Investment in futures contracts involves
risk. A purchase or sale of futures contracts may result in losses in excess of the amount
invested in the futures contract. If a futures contract is used for hedging, an imperfect
correlation between movements in the price of the futures contract and the price of the security,
currency, or other investment being hedged creates risk. Correlation is higher when the investment
being hedged underlies the futures contract. Correlation is lower when the investment being hedged
is different than the instrument underlying the futures contract, such as when a futures contract
on an index of securities or commodities is used to hedge a single security or commodity, a futures
contract on one security (e.g., U.S. Treasury bonds) or commodity (e.g., gold) is used to hedge a
different security (e.g., a mortgage-backed security) or
12
commodity (e.g., copper), or when a futures contract in one currency is used to hedge a security
denominated in another currency. In the event of an imperfect correlation between a futures
position and the portfolio position (or anticipated position) intended to be protected, the Fund
may realize a loss on the futures contract and/or on the portfolio position intended to be
protected. The risk of imperfect correlation generally tends to diminish as the maturity date of
the futures contract approaches. To compensate for imperfect correlations, the Fund may purchase
or sell futures contracts in a greater amount than the hedged investments if the volatility of the
price of the hedged investments is historically greater than the volatility of the futures
contracts. Conversely, the Fund may purchase or sell fewer futures contracts if the volatility of
the price of the hedged investments is historically less than that of the futures contract.
In the case of Index Futures and commodity futures on commodity indices, changes in the price of
those futures contracts may not correlate perfectly with price movements in the relevant index due
to market distortions. First, all participants in the futures market are subject to margin deposit
and maintenance requirements. Rather than meeting margin calls, investors may close futures
contracts through offsetting transactions which could distort normal correlations. Second, the
margin deposit requirements in the futures market are less onerous than margin requirements in the
securities market, resulting in more speculators who may cause temporary price distortions. Third,
trading hours for foreign stock Index Futures may not correspond perfectly to the trading hours of
the foreign exchange to which a particular foreign stock Index Future relates. As a result, the
lack of continuous arbitrage may cause a disparity between the price of foreign stock Index Futures
and the value of the relevant index.
The Fund also may purchase futures contracts (or options on them) as an anticipatory hedge against
a possible increase in the price of a currency in which securities the Fund anticipates purchasing
is denominated. In such instances, the currency may instead decline. If the Fund does not then
invest in those securities, the Fund may realize a loss on the futures contract that is not offset
by a reduction in the price of the securities purchased.
The Funds ability to engage in the futures and options on futures strategies described above
depends on the liquidity of the markets in those instruments. Trading interest in various types of
futures and options on futures cannot be predicted. Therefore, no assurance can be given that the
Fund will be able to utilize these instruments effectively. In addition, there can be no assurance
that a liquid market will exist at a time when the Fund seeks to close out a futures or option on a
futures contract position, and the Fund would remain obligated to meet margin requirements until
the position is closed. The liquidity of a secondary market in a futures contract may be adversely
affected by daily price fluctuation limits established by commodity exchanges to limit the amount
of fluctuation in a futures contract price during a single trading day. Once the daily limit has
been reached, no trades of the contract may be entered at a price beyond the limit, thus preventing
the liquidation of open futures positions. In the past, prices have exceeded the daily limit on
several consecutive trading days. Short positions in Index Futures or commodity futures on
commodities indices may be closed out only by purchasing a futures contract on the exchange on
which the Index Futures or commodity futures, as applicable, are traded.
The successful use of futures contracts and related options for hedging and risk management also
depends on the ability of the Manager to forecast correctly the direction and extent of movements
in exchange rates, interest rates, and securities or commodity prices within a given
13
time frame. For example, to the extent the Fund invests in fixed income securities and interest
rates remain stable (or move in a direction opposite to that anticipated) during the period a
futures contract or related option on those securities is held by the Fund, the Fund would realize
a loss on the futures contract that is not offset by an increase in the value of its portfolio
securities. As a result, the Funds total return would be less than if it had not used the
futures.
As discussed above, the Fund, when purchasing or selling a futures contract, is only required to
deposit initial and variation margin as required by relevant CFTC regulations and the rules of the
contract market. Because the purchase of a futures contract obligates the Fund to purchase the
underlying security or other instrument at a set price on a future date, the Funds net asset value
will fluctuate with the value of the security or other instrument as if it were already in the
Funds portfolio. Futures transactions have the effect of investment leverage to the extent the
Fund does not maintain liquid assets equal to the face amount of the contract. If the Fund
combines short and long positions, in addition to possible declines in the values of its investment
securities, the Fund will incur losses if the index underlying the long futures position
underperforms the index underlying the short futures position.
The Funds ability to engage in futures and options on futures transactions may be limited by tax
considerations.
Additional Risks of Options on Securities, Futures Contracts, and Options on Futures Contracts
Traded on Foreign Exchanges
.
Options on securities, futures contracts, options on futures
contracts, and options on currencies may be traded on foreign exchanges. Such transactions may not
be regulated as effectively as similar transactions in the United States (which are regulated by
the CFTC) and may be subject to greater risks than trading on domestic exchanges. For example,
some foreign exchanges may be principal markets so that no common clearing facility exists and a
trader may look only to the broker for performance of the contract. The lack of a common clearing
facility creates counterparty risk. If a counterparty defaults, the Fund normally will have
contractual remedies against that counterparty, but may be unsuccessful in enforcing those
remedies. When seeking to enforce a contractual remedy, the Fund also is subject to the risk that
the parties may interpret contractual terms (e.g., the definition of default) differently. If a
dispute occurs, the cost and unpredictability of the legal proceedings required for the Fund to
enforce its contractual rights may lead the Fund to decide not to pursue its claims against the
counterparty. The Fund thus assumes the risk that it may be unable to obtain payments owed to it
under foreign futures contracts or that those payments may be delayed or made only after the Fund
has incurred the costs of litigation. In addition, unless the Fund hedges against fluctuations in
the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the currencies in which trading is done on foreign
exchanges, any profits that the Fund might realize in trading could be offset (or worse) by adverse
changes in the exchange rate. The value of foreign options and futures may also be adversely
affected by other factors unique to foreign investing (see Risks of Foreign Investments above).
Swap Contracts and Other Two-Party Contracts
The Fund may use swap contracts (or swaps) and other two-party contracts for the same or similar
purposes as options and futures. (See Uses of Derivatives below for more information
14
regarding the various derivatives strategies the Fund may employ using swap contracts and other
two-party contracts.)
Swap Contracts
.
As described in Uses of Derivatives below, the Fund may directly or indirectly
use various different types of swaps, such as swaps on securities and securities indices, interest
rate swaps, currency swaps, credit default swaps, commodity swaps, inflation swaps, and other types
of available swap agreements, depending on the Funds investment objective and policies. Swap
contracts are two-party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods
ranging from a few weeks to a number of years. Under a typical swap, one party may agree to pay a
fixed rate or a floating rate determined by reference to a specified instrument, rate, or index,
multiplied in each case by a specified amount (notional amount), while the other party agrees to
pay an amount equal to a different floating rate multiplied by the same notional amount. On each
payment date, the parties obligations are netted, with only the net amount paid by one party to
the other.
Swap contracts are typically individually negotiated and structured to provide exposure to a
variety of different types of investments or market factors. Swap contracts may be entered into
for hedging or non-hedging purposes and therefore may increase or decrease the Funds exposure to
the underlying instrument, rate, asset or index. Swaps can take many different forms and are known
by a variety of names. The Fund is not limited to any particular form or variety of swap agreement
if the Manager determines it is consistent with the Funds investment objective and policies.
For example, the parties to a swap contract may agree to exchange returns calculated on a notional
amount of a security, basket of securities, or securities index (e.g., S&P 500 Index). The Fund
may use such swaps to gain investment exposure to the underlying security or securities where
direct ownership is either not legally possible or is economically unattractive. To the extent the
total return of the security, basket of securities, or index underlying the transaction exceeds or
falls short of the offsetting interest rate obligation, the Fund will receive a payment from or
make a payment to the counterparty, respectively.
In addition, the Fund may enter into an interest rate swap in order to protect against declines in
the value of fixed income securities held by the Fund. In such an instance, the Fund may agree
with a counterparty to pay a fixed rate (multiplied by a notional amount) and the counterparty pay
a floating rate multiplied by the same notional amount. If interest rates rise, resulting in a
diminution in the value of the Funds portfolio, the Fund would receive payments under the swap
that would offset, in whole or in part, such diminution in value. The Fund may also enter into
swaps to modify its exposure to particular currencies using currency swaps. For instance, the Fund
may enter into a currency swap between the U.S. dollar and the Japanese Yen in order to increase or
decrease its exposure to each such currency.
The Fund may use inflation swaps, which involve commitments to pay a regular stream of inflation
indexed cash payments in exchange for receiving a stream of nominal interest payments (or vice
versa), where both payment streams are based on a notional amount. The nominal interest payments
may be based on either a fixed interest rate or variable interest rate, such as LIBOR. Inflation
swaps may be used to hedge the inflation risk in nominal bonds (i.e., non-inflation indexed bonds),
thereby creating synthetic inflation indexed bonds, or combined with
15
U.S. Treasury futures contracts to create synthetic inflation indexed bonds issued by the U.S.
Treasury. See Indexed Securities Inflation Indexed Bonds below.
In addition, the Fund may directly or indirectly use credit default swaps to take an active long or
short position with respect to the likelihood of default by corporate (including asset-backed
security) or sovereign issuers. In a credit default swap, one party pays, in effect, an insurance
premium through a stream of payments to another party in exchange for the right to receive a
specified return in the event of default (or similar events) by one or more third parties on their
obligations. For example, in purchasing a credit default swap, the Fund may pay a premium in
return for the right to put specified bonds or loans to the counterparty, such as a U.S. or foreign
issuer or basket of such issuers, upon issuer default (or similar events) at their par (or other
agreed-upon) value. The Fund, as the purchaser in a credit default swap, bears the risk that the
investment might expire worthless. It also would be subject to counterparty risk the risk that
the counterparty may fail to satisfy its payment obligations to the Fund in the event of a default
(or similar event) (see Risk Factors in Swap Contracts, OTC Options, and Other Two-Party
Contracts below). In addition, as a purchaser in a credit default swap, the Funds investment
would only generate income in the event of an actual default (or similar event) by the issuer of
the underlying obligation.
The Fund also may use credit default swaps for investment purposes by selling a credit default
swap, in which case the Fund will receive a premium from its counterparty in return for the Funds
taking on the obligation to pay the par (or other agreed-upon) value to the counterparty upon
issuer default (or similar events). As the seller in a credit default swap, the Fund effectively
adds economic leverage to its portfolio because, in addition to its total net assets, the Fund is
subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. If no event of default (or
similar event) occurs, the Fund would keep the premium received from the counterparty and would
have no payment obligations.
Contracts for Differences
.
Contracts for differences are swap arrangements in which the parties
agree that their return (or loss) will be based on the relative performance of two different groups
or baskets of securities. Often, one or both baskets will be an established securities index. The
Funds return will be based on changes in value of theoretical long futures positions in the
securities comprising one basket (with an aggregate face value equal to the notional amount of the
contract for differences) and theoretical short futures positions in the securities comprising the
other basket. The Fund also may use actual long and short futures positions and achieve similar
market exposure by netting the payment obligations of the two contracts. The Fund will only enter
into contracts for differences (and analogous futures positions) when the Manager believes that the
basket of securities constituting the long position will outperform the basket constituting the
short position. If the short basket outperforms the long basket, the Fund will realize a loss
even in circumstances when the securities in both the long and short baskets appreciate in value.
Interest Rate Caps, Floors, and Collars
.
The Fund may use interest rate caps, floors, and collars
for the same or similar purposes as they use interest rate futures contracts and related options
and, as a result, will be subject to similar risks. See Options and Futures Risk Factors in
Options Transactions and Risk Factors in Futures and Futures Options Transactions above.
Like interest rate swap contracts, interest rate caps, floors, and collars are two-party agreements
16
in which the parties agree to pay or receive interest on a notional principal amount. The
purchaser of an interest rate cap receives interest payments from the seller to the extent that the
return on a specified index exceeds a specified interest rate. The purchaser of an interest rate
floor receives interest payments from the seller to the extent that the return on a specified index
falls below a specified interest rate. The purchaser of an interest rate collar receives interest
payments from the seller to the extent that the return on a specified index falls outside the range
of two specified interest rates.
Swaptions
.
An option on a swap agreement, also called a swaption, is an OTC option that gives
the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to enter into a swap on a specified future date in
exchange for paying a market-based premium. A receiver swaption gives the owner the right to
receive the total return of a specified asset, reference rate, or index (such as a call option on a
bond). A payer swaption gives the owner the right to pay the total return of a specified asset,
reference rate, or index (such as a put option on a bond). Swaptions also include options that
allow one of the counterparties to terminate or extend an existing swap.
Risk Factors in Swap Contracts, OTC Options, and Other Two-Party Contracts
.
The most significant
factor in the performance of swaps, contracts for differences, caps, floors, and collars is the
change in the value of the underlying price, rate, or index level that determines the amount of
payments to be made under the arrangement. If the Manager is incorrect in its forecasts of such
factors, the investment performance of the Fund would be less than what it would have been if these
investment techniques had not been used. If a swap or other two-party contract calls for payments
by the Fund, the Fund must be prepared to make such payments when due.
In addition, the Fund may only close out a swap, contract for differences, cap, floor, collar, or
OTC option (including swaption) with its particular counterparty, and may only transfer a position
with the consent of that counterparty. If the counterparty defaults, the Fund will have
contractual remedies, but there can be no assurance that the counterparty will be able to meet its
contractual obligations or that the Fund will be able to enforce its rights. For example, because
the contract for each OTC derivatives transaction is individually negotiated with a specific
counterparty, the Fund is subject to the risk that a counterparty may interpret contractual terms
(e.g., the definition of default) differently than the Fund. The cost and unpredictability of the
legal proceedings required for the Fund to enforce its contractual rights may lead it to decide not
to pursue its claims against the counterparty. The Fund, therefore, assumes the risk that it may
be unable to obtain payments the Manager believes are owed to it under an OTC derivatives contract
or that those payments may be delayed or made only after the Fund has incurred the costs of
litigation.
Typically, the Fund will enter into these transactions only with counterparties or their guarantors
that, at the time they enter into a transaction, have long-term debt ratings of A or higher by
Moodys Investors Service, Inc. (Moodys) or Standard & Poors (S&P) (or have comparable credit
ratings as determined by the Manager). Short-term derivatives may be entered into with
counterparties that do not have long-term debt ratings if they have short-term debt ratings of A-1
by S&P and/or a comparable rating by Moodys. The credit rating of a counterparty may be adversely
affected by larger-than-average volatility in the markets, even if the counterpartys net market
exposure is small relative to its capital.
17
The Funds ability to enter into these transactions may be affected by tax considerations.
Additional Regulatory Limitations on the Use of Futures and Related Options, Interest Rate Floors,
Caps and Collars, Certain Types of Swap Contracts and Related Instruments
.
The Fund has claimed an
exclusion from the definition of commodity pool operator under the Commodity Exchange Act and,
therefore, is not subject to registration or regulation as a commodity pool operator under that
Act.
Foreign Currency Transactions
Foreign currency exchange rates may fluctuate significantly over short periods of time. They
generally are determined by the forces of supply and demand in the foreign exchange markets, the
relative merits of investments in different countries, actual or perceived changes in interest
rates, and other complex factors. Currency exchange rates also can be affected unpredictably as a
result of intervention (or the failure to intervene) by the U.S. or foreign governments or central
banks, or by currency controls or political developments in the U.S. or abroad. Foreign currencies
in which the Funds assets are denominated may be devalued against the U.S. dollar, resulting in a
loss to the Fund.
Funds that are permitted to invest in securities denominated in foreign currencies may buy or sell
foreign currencies or deal in forward foreign currency contracts, currency futures contracts and
related options, and options on currencies. The Fund may use such currency instruments for
hedging, investment, or currency risk management. Currency risk management may include taking
active long or short currency positions relative to both the securities portfolio of the Fund and
the Funds performance benchmark. The Fund also may purchase forward foreign exchange contracts in
conjunction with U.S. dollar-denominated securities in order to create a synthetic foreign currency
denominated security that approximates desired risk and return characteristics when the
non-synthetic securities either are not available in foreign markets or possess undesirable
characteristics.
Forward foreign currency contracts are contracts between two parties to purchase and sell a
specified quantity of a particular currency at a specified price, with delivery and settlement to
take place on a specified future date. A forward foreign currency contract can reduce the Funds
exposure to changes in the value of the currency it will deliver and can increase its exposure to
changes in the value of the currency it will receive for the duration of the contract. The effect
on the value of the Fund is similar to the effect of selling securities denominated in one currency
and purchasing securities denominated in another currency. Contracts to sell a particular foreign
currency would limit any potential gain that might be realized by the Fund if the value of the
hedged currency increases.
The Fund also may purchase or sell currency futures contracts and related options. Currency
futures contracts are contracts to buy or sell a standard quantity of a particular currency at a
specified future date and price. However, currency futures can be and often are closed out prior
to delivery and settlement. In addition, the Fund may use options on currency futures contracts,
which give their holders the right, but not the obligation, to buy (in the case of a call option)
or sell (in the case of a put option) a specified currency futures contract at a fixed price during
a
18
specified period. (See Options and FuturesFutures above for more information on futures
contracts and options on futures contracts).
The Fund also may purchase or sell options on currencies. These give their holders the right, but
not the obligation, to buy (in the case of a call option) or sell (in the case of a put option) a
specified quantity of a particular currency at a fixed price during a specified period. Options on
currencies possess many of the same characteristics as options on securities and generally operate
in a similar manner. They may be traded on an exchange or in the OTC markets. Options on
currencies traded on U.S. or other exchanges may be subject to position limits, which may limit the
ability of the Fund to reduce foreign currency risk using options. (See Options and
FuturesCurrency Options above for more information on currency options).
Repurchase Agreements
The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements with banks and broker-dealers. A repurchase
agreement is a contract under which the Fund acquires a security (usually an obligation of the
government in the jurisdiction where the transaction is initiated or in whose currency the
agreement is denominated) for a relatively short period (usually less than a week) for cash and
subject to the commitment of the seller to repurchase the security for an agreed-upon price on a
specified date. The repurchase price exceeds the acquisition price and reflects an agreed-upon
market rate unrelated to the coupon rate on the purchased security. Repurchase agreements afford
the Fund the opportunity to earn a return on temporarily available cash without market risk,
although the Fund does run the risk of a sellers defaulting on its obligation to pay the
repurchase price when it is required to do so. Such a default may subject the Fund to expenses,
delays, and risks of loss including: (i) possible declines in the value of the underlying security
while the Fund seeks to enforce its rights, (ii) possible reduced levels of income and lack of
access to income during this period, and (iii) the inability to enforce its rights and the expenses
involved in attempted enforcement.
Debt and Other Fixed Income Securities Generally
Debt and other fixed income securities include fixed and floating rate securities of any maturity.
Fixed rate securities pay a specified rate of interest or dividends. Floating rate securities pay
a rate that is adjusted periodically by reference to a specified index or market rate. Fixed and
floating rate securities include securities issued by federal, state, local, and foreign
governments and related agencies, and by a wide range of private issuers, and generally are
referred to in this Statement of Additional Information as fixed income securities. Indexed
bonds are a type of fixed income security whose principal value and/or interest rate is adjusted
periodically according to a specified instrument, index, or other statistic (e.g., another
security, inflation index, currency, or commodity). See Adjustable Rate Securities and Indexed
Securities below.
Holders of fixed income securities are exposed to both market and credit risk. Market risk (or
interest rate risk) relates to changes in a securitys value as a result of changes in interest
rates. In general, the values of fixed income securities increase when interest rates fall and
decrease when interest rates rise. Credit risk relates to the ability of an issuer to make
payments of principal and interest. Obligations of issuers are subject to bankruptcy, insolvency
and other
19
laws that affect the rights and remedies of creditors. Fixed income securities denominated in
foreign currencies also are subject to the risk of a decline in the value of the denominating
currency.
Because interest rates vary, the future income of a fund that invests in fixed income securities
cannot be predicted with certainty. The future income of a fund that invests in indexed securities
also will be affected by changes in those securities indices over time (e.g., changes in inflation
rates, currency rates, or commodity prices).
Cash and Other High Quality Investments
The Fund may temporarily invest a portion of its assets in cash or cash items pending other
investments or to maintain liquid assets required in connection with some of the Funds
investments. These cash items and other high quality debt securities may include money market
instruments, such as securities issued by the United States Government and its agencies, bankers
acceptances, commercial paper, and bank certificates of deposit.
U.S. Government Securities and Foreign Government Securities
U.S. government securities include securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its
authorities, agencies, or instrumentalities. Foreign government securities include securities
issued or guaranteed by foreign governments (including political subdivisions) or their
authorities, agencies, or instrumentalities or by supra-national agencies. Different kinds of U.S.
government securities and foreign government securities have different kinds of government support.
For example, some U.S. government securities (e.g., U.S. Treasury bonds) are supported by the full
faith and credit of the United States. Other U.S. government securities are issued or guaranteed
by federal agencies or government-chartered or -sponsored enterprises but are neither guaranteed
nor insured by the U.S. government (e.g., debt securities issued by the Federal Home Loan Mortgage
Corporation (Freddie Mac), Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae), and Federal Home
Loan Banks (FHLBs)). Similarly, some foreign government securities are supported by the full
faith and credit of a foreign national government or political subdivision and some are not.
Foreign government securities of some countries may involve varying degrees of credit risk as a
result of financial or political instability in those countries or the possible inability of the
Fund to enforce its rights against the foreign government. As with issuers of other fixed income
securities, sovereign issuers may be unable or unwilling to make timely principal or interest
payments.
Supra-national agencies are agencies whose member nations make capital contributions to support the
agencies activities. Examples include the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
(the World Bank), the Asian Development Bank, the European Coal and Steel Community, and the
Inter-American Development Bank.
As with other fixed income securities, U.S. government securities and foreign government securities
expose their holders to market risk because their values typically change as interest rates
fluctuate. For example, the value of U.S. government securities or foreign government securities
may fall during times of rising interest rates. Yields on U.S. government securities and foreign
government securities tend to be lower than those of corporate securities of comparable
20
maturities. During certain market conditions where interest rates on short term U.S. Treasury
obligations equal or approach zero, the yield on those securities purchased by the Fund could be
zero or even negative, resulting in negative returns on those securities.
In addition to investing directly in U.S. government securities and foreign government securities,
the Fund may purchase certificates of accrual or similar instruments evidencing undivided ownership
interests in interest payments and/or principal payments of U.S. government securities and foreign
government securities. Certificates of accrual and similar instruments may be more volatile than
other government securities.
Municipal Securities
Municipal obligations are issued by or on behalf of states, territories and possessions of the
United States and their political subdivisions, agencies and instrumentalities and the District of
Columbia to obtain funds for various public purposes. Municipal obligations are subject to more
credit risk than U.S. government securities that are supported by the full faith and credit of the
United States. As with other fixed income securities, municipal securities also expose their
holders to market risk because their values typically change as interest rates fluctuate. The two
principal classifications of municipal obligations are notes and bonds.
Municipal notes are generally used to provide for short-term capital needs, such as to finance
working capital needs of municipalities or to provide various interim or construction financing,
and generally have maturities of one year or less. They are generally payable from specific
revenues expected to be received at a future date or are issued in anticipation of long-term
financing to be obtained in the market to provide for the repayment of the note.
Municipal bonds, which meet longer-term capital needs and generally have maturities of more than
one year when issued, have two principal classifications: general obligation bonds and revenue
bonds. Issuers of general obligation bonds, the proceeds of which are used to fund a wide range of
public projects including the construction or improvement of schools, highways and roads, water and
sewer systems and a variety of other public purposes, include states, counties, cities, towns and
regional districts. The basic security behind general obligation bonds is the issuers pledge of
its full faith, credit, and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest.
Revenue bonds have been issued to fund a wide variety of capital projects including: electric, gas,
water and sewer systems; highways, bridges and tunnels; port and airport facilities; colleges and
universities; and hospitals. The principal security for a revenue bond is generally the net
revenues derived from a particular facility or group of facilities or, in some cases, from the
proceeds of a special excise or other specific revenue source. Although the principal security
behind these bonds varies widely, many provide additional security in the form of a debt service
reserve fund whose monies may also be used to make principal and interest payments on the issuers
obligations. In addition to a debt service reserve fund, some authorities provide further security
in the form of a states ability (without obligation) to make up deficiencies in the debt reserve
fund.
21
Securities purchased for the Fund may include variable/floating rate instruments, variable mode
instruments, put bonds, and other obligations that have a specified maturity date but also are
payable before maturity after notice by the holder. There are, in addition, a variety of hybrid
and special types of municipal obligations as well as numerous differences in the security of
municipal obligations both within and between the two principal classifications (i.e., notes and
bonds).
See Taxes below for a discussion of the tax treatment of municipal obligations at the Fund and
shareholder level.
Asset-Backed and Related Securities
An asset-backed security is a fixed income security that predominantly derives its creditworthiness
from cash flows relating to a pool of assets. There are a number of different types of
asset-backed and related securities, including mortgage-backed securities, securities backed by
other pools of collateral (such as automobile loans, credit- card receivables, and home equity
loans), collateralized mortgage obligations, and collateralized debt obligations, each of which is
described in more detail below.
Mortgage-Backed Securities.
Mortgage-backed securities are asset-backed securities backed by pools
of residential and commercial mortgages, which may include sub-prime mortgages. Mortgage-backed
securities may be issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. government (including those
whose securities are neither guaranteed nor insured by the U.S. government, such as Freddie Mac,
Fannie Mae, and FHLBs), foreign governments (or their agencies or instrumentalities), or
non-governmental issuers. Interest and principal payments (including prepayments) on the mortgage
loans underlying mortgage-backed securities pass through to the holders of the mortgage-backed
securities. Prepayments occur when the mortgagor on an individual mortgage loan prepays the
remaining principal before the loans scheduled maturity date. Unscheduled prepayments of the
underlying mortgage loans may result in early payment of the applicable mortgage-backed securities
held by the Fund. The Fund may be unable to invest prepayments in an investment that provides as
high a yield as the mortgage-backed securities. Consequently, early payment associated with
mortgage-backed securities may cause these securities to experience significantly greater price and
yield volatility than traditional fixed income securities. Many factors affect the rate of
mortgage loan prepayments, including changes in interest rates, general economic conditions, the
location of the property underlying the mortgage, the age of the mortgage loan, and social and
demographic conditions. During periods of falling interest rates, the rate of mortgage loan
prepayments usually increases, which tends to decrease the life of mortgage-backed securities.
During periods of rising interest rates, the rate of mortgage loan prepayments usually decreases,
which tends to increase the life of mortgage-backed securities. If the life of a mortgage-backed
security is inaccurately predicted, the Fund may not be able to realize the rate of return it
expected.
Mortgage-backed securities are subject to varying degrees of credit risk, depending on whether they
are issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. government (including those whose
securities are neither guaranteed nor insured by the U.S. government) or by non-governmental
issuers. Although there is generally a liquid market for these investments, those securities
issued by private organizations may not be readily marketable, and since 2007 certain
mortgage-backed
22
and other asset-backed securities have experienced limited liquidity. In addition, mortgage-backed
securities are subject to the risk of loss of principal if the obligors of the underlying
obligations default in their payment obligations, and to certain other risks described in Other
Asset-Backed Securities below. The risk of defaults associated with mortgage-backed securities is
generally higher in the case of mortgage-backed investments that include sub-prime mortgages.
Mortgage-backed securities may include Adjustable Rate Securities as such term is defined in
Adjustable Rate Securities below.
Other Asset-Backed Securities.
Similar to mortgage-backed securities, other types of asset-backed
securities may be issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. government (including those
whose securities are neither guaranteed nor insured by the U.S. government), foreign governments
(or their agencies or instrumentalities), or non-governmental issuers. These securities include
securities backed by pools of automobile loans, educational loans, home equity loans, and
credit-card receivables. The underlying pools of assets are securitized through the use of trusts
and special purpose entities. These securities may be subject to risks associated with changes in
interest rates and prepayment of underlying obligations similar to the risks of investment in
mortgage-backed securities described immediately above.
Payment of interest on asset-backed securities and repayment of principal largely depends on the
cash flows generated by the underlying assets backing the securities and, in certain cases, may be
supported by letters of credit, surety bonds, or other credit enhancements. The amount of market
risk associated with asset-backed securities depends on many factors, including the deal structure
(i.e., determinations as to the amount of underlying assets or other support needed to produce the
cash flows necessary to service interest and make principal payments), the quality of the
underlying assets, the level of credit support, if any, provided for the securities, and the credit
quality of the credit-support provider, if any. Asset-backed securities involve risk of loss of
principal if obligors of the underlying obligations default and the amounts defaulted exceed the
securities credit support.
The value of an asset-backed security may be affected by the factors described above and other
factors, such as the availability of information concerning the pool and its structure, the
creditworthiness of the servicing agent for the pool, the originator of the underlying assets, or
the entities providing the credit enhancement. The value of asset-backed securities also can
depend on the ability of their servicers to service the underlying collateral and is, therefore,
subject to risks associated with servicers performance. In some circumstances, a servicers or
originators mishandling of documentation related to the underlying collateral (e.g., failure to
properly document a security interest in the underlying collateral) may affect the rights of the
security holders in and to the underlying collateral. In addition, the insolvency of entities that
generate receivables or that utilize the underlying assets may result in a decline in the value of
the underlying assets as well as costs and delays.
Certain types of asset-backed securities present additional risks that are not presented by
mortgage-backed securities. In particular, certain types of asset-backed securities may not have
the benefit of a security interest in the related assets. For example, many securities backed by
23
credit-card receivables are unsecured. In addition, the Fund may invest in securities backed by
unsecured commercial or industrial loans or unsecured corporate or sovereign debt (see
Collateralized Debt Obligations (CDOs) below). Even when security interests are present, the
ability of an issuer of certain types of asset-backed securities to enforce those interests may be
more limited than that of an issuer of mortgage-backed securities. For instance, automobile
receivables generally are secured, but by automobiles rather than by real property. Most issuers
of automobile receivables permit loan servicers to retain possession of the underlying assets. In
addition, because of the large number of underlying vehicles involved in a typical issue of
asset-backed securities and technical requirements under state law, the trustee for the holders of
the automobile receivables may not have a proper security interest in all of the automobiles.
Therefore, recoveries on repossessed automobiles may not be available to support payments on these
securities.
In addition, certain types of asset-backed securities may experience losses on the underlying
assets as a result of certain rights provided to consumer debtors under federal and state law. In
the case of certain consumer debt, such as credit-card debt, debtors are entitled to the protection
of a number of state and federal consumer credit laws, many of which give such debtors the right to
set off certain amounts owed on their credit-cards (or other debt), thereby reducing their balances
due. For instance, a debtor may be able to offset certain damages for which a court has determined
that the creditor is liable to the debtor against amounts owed to the creditor by the debtor on his
or her credit-card.
Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (CMOs); Strips and Residuals.
A CMO is a debt obligation
backed by a portfolio of mortgages or mortgage-backed securities held under an indenture. The
issuer of a CMO generally pays interest and prepaid principal on a monthly basis. These payments
are secured by the underlying portfolio, which typically includes mortgage pass-through securities
guaranteed by Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae, or the Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie
Mae) and their income streams, and which also may include whole mortgage loans and private
mortgage bonds.
CMOs are issued in multiple classes, often referred to as tranches. Each class has a different
maturity and is entitled to a different schedule for payments of principal and interest, including
pre-payments.
In a typical CMO transaction, the issuer of the CMO bonds uses proceeds from the CMO offering to
buy mortgages or mortgage pass-through certificates (the Collateral). The issuer then pledges
the Collateral to a third party trustee as security for the CMOs. The issuer uses principal and
interest payments from the Collateral to pay principal on the CMOs, paying the tranche with the
earliest maturity first. Thus, the issuer pays no principal on a tranche until all other tranches
with earlier maturities are paid in full. The early retirement of a particular class or series has
the same effect as the prepayment of mortgage loans underlying a mortgage-backed pass-through
security.
CMOs may be less liquid and may exhibit greater price volatility than other types of mortgage- or
other asset-backed securities.
24
The Fund also may invest in CMO residuals, which are issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the
U.S. government or by private lenders of, or investors in, mortgage loans, including savings and
loan associations, homebuilders, mortgage banks, commercial banks, and investment banks. A CMO
residual represents excess cash flow generated by the Collateral after the issuer of the CMO makes
all required principal and interest payments and after the issuers management fees and
administrative expenses have been paid. Thus, CMO residuals have value only to the extent income
from the Collateral exceeds the amount necessary to satisfy the issuers debt obligations on all
other outstanding CMOs. The amount of residual cash flow resulting from a CMO will depend on,
among other things, the characterization of the mortgage assets, the coupon rate of each class of
CMO, prevailing interest rates, the amount of administrative expenses, and the pre-payment
experience on the mortgage assets.
CMOs also include certificates representing undivided interests in payments of interest-only or
principal-only (IO/PO Strips) on the underlying mortgages.
IO/PO Strips and CMO residuals tend to be more volatile than other types of securities. If the
underlying securities are prepaid, holders of IO/PO Strips and CMO residuals may lose a substantial
portion or the entire value of their investment. In addition, if a CMO pays interest at an
adjustable rate, the cash flows on the related CMO residual will be extremely sensitive to rate
adjustments.
Collateralized Debt Obligations (CDOs).
The Fund may invest in CDOs, which include
collateralized bond obligations (CBOs), collateralized loan obligations (CLOs), and other
similarly structured securities. CBOs and CLOs are asset-backed securities. A CBO is a trust or
other special purpose vehicle backed by a pool of fixed income securities. A CLO is an obligation
of a trust typically collateralized by a pool of loans, which may include domestic and foreign
senior secured and unsecured loans, and subordinate corporate loans, including loans that may be
rated below investment-grade, or equivalent unrated loans.
For both CBOs and CLOs, the cash flows from the trust are split into two or more portions, called
tranches, which vary in risk and yield. The riskier portions are the residual, equity, and
subordinate tranches, which bear some or all of the risk of default by the bonds or loans in the
trust, and therefore protects the other, more senior tranches from default in all but the most
severe circumstances. Since it is partially protected from defaults, a senior tranche of a CBO
trust or CLO trust typically has higher ratings and lower yields than its underlying securities,
and can be rated investment grade. Despite the protection provided by the riskier tranches, senior
CBO or CLO tranches can experience substantial losses due to actual defaults, increased sensitivity
to defaults due to collateral default, the total loss of the riskier tranches due to losses in the
collateral, market anticipation of defaults, fraud by the trust, and the illiquidity of CBO or CLO
securities.
The risks of an investment in a CDO largely depend on the type of underlying collateral securities
and the tranche in which the Fund invests. Typically, CBOs, CLOs and other CDOs are privately
offered and sold, and thus, are not registered under the securities laws. As a result, the Fund
may characterize its investments in CDOs as illiquid, unless an active dealer market for a
particular CDO allows the CDO to be purchased and sold in Rule 144A transactions. CDOs
25
are subject to the typical risks associated with debt instruments discussed elsewhere in this
Statement of Additional Information and the relevant Prospectus (e.g., interest rate risk and
default risk). Additional risks of CDOs include: (i) the possibility that distributions from
collateral securities will be insufficient to make interest or other payments, (ii) a decline in
the quality of the collateral, and (iii) the possibility that the Fund may invest in a subordinate
tranche of a CDO. In addition, due to the complex nature of a CDO, an investment in a CDO may not
perform as expected. An investment in a CDO also is subject to the risk that the issuer and the
investors may interpret the terms of the instrument differently, giving rise to disputes.
Adjustable Rate Securities
Adjustable rate securities are securities with interest rates that reset at periodic intervals,
usually by reference to an interest rate index or market interest rate. Adjustable rate securities
include U.S. government securities and securities of other issuers. Some adjustable rate
securities are backed by pools of mortgage loans. Although the rate adjustment feature may act as
a buffer to reduce sharp changes in the value of adjustable rate securities, changes in market
interest rates or changes in the issuers creditworthiness may still affect their value. Because
the interest rate is reset only periodically, changes in the interest rates on adjustable rate
securities may lag changes in prevailing market interest rates. Also, some adjustable rate
securities (or, in the case of securities backed by mortgage loans, the underlying mortgages) are
subject to caps or floors that limit the maximum change in interest rate during a specified period
or over the life of the security. Because of the rate adjustments, adjustable rate securities are
less likely than non-adjustable rate securities of comparable quality and maturity to increase
significantly in value when market interest rates fall.
Below Investment Grade Securities
The Fund may invest some or all of its assets in securities rated below investment grade (that is,
rated lower than Baa3 by Moodys or BBB- by S&P, or securities unrated by Moodys or S&P that are
determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality to securities so rated) at the time of
purchase, including securities in the lowest rating categories and comparable unrated securities
(Below Investment Grade Securities) (commonly referred to as junk bonds). In addition, the
Fund may hold securities that are downgraded to below-investment-grade status after the time of
purchase by the Fund. Compared to higher quality fixed income securities, Below Investment Grade
Securities offer the potential for higher investment returns but subject holders to greater credit
and market risk. The ability of an issuer of Below Investment Grade Securities to meet principal
and interest payments is considered speculative. The Funds investments in Below Investment Grade
Securities are more dependent on the Managers own credit analysis than its investments in higher
quality bonds. The market for Below Investment Grade Securities may be more severely affected than
other financial markets by economic recession or substantial interest rate increases, changing
public perceptions, or legislation that limits the ability of certain categories of financial
institutions to invest in Below Investment Grade Securities. In addition, the market may be less
liquid for Below Investment Grade Securities than for other types of securities. Reduced liquidity
can affect the values of Below Investment Grade Securities, make their valuation and sale more
difficult, and result in greater volatility. Because Below Investment Grade Securities are
difficult to value, particularly during erratic markets, the values realized on their sale may
differ from the values at which they are
26
carried by the Fund. Some Below Investment Grade Securities in which the Fund invests may be in
poor standing or in default.
Securities in the lowest investment-grade category (BBB or Baa) also have some speculative
characteristics. See Appendix ACommercial Paper and Corporate Debt Ratings for more information
concerning commercial paper and corporate debt ratings.
Brady Bonds
Brady Bonds are securities created through the restructuring of commercial bank loans to public and
private entities under a debt restructuring plan introduced by former U.S. Secretary of the
Treasury Nicholas F. Brady (the Brady Plan). Brady Plan debt restructurings have been
implemented in Mexico, Uruguay, Venezuela, Costa Rica, Argentina, Nigeria, the Philippines, and
other emerging countries.
Brady Bonds may be collateralized, are issued in various currencies (but primarily the U.S.
dollar), and are actively traded in OTC secondary markets. U.S. dollar-denominated, collateralized
Brady Bonds, which may be fixed-rate bonds or floating-rate bonds, are generally collateralized in
full as to principal by U.S. Treasury zero coupon bonds having the same maturity as the bonds.
The valuation of a Brady Bond typically depends on an evaluation of: (i) any collateralized
repayments of principal at final maturity; (ii) any collateralized interest payments; (iii) the
uncollateralized interest payments; and (iv) any uncollateralized repayments of principal at
maturity (the uncollateralized amounts constitute the residual risk). In light of the residual
risk of Brady Bonds and the history of prior defaults by the issuers of Brady Bonds, investments in
Brady Bonds may be viewed as speculative.
Euro Bonds
Euro bonds are securities denominated in U.S. dollars or another currency and sold to investors
outside of the country whose currency is used. Euro bonds may be issued by government or corporate
issuers, and are typically underwritten by banks and brokerage firms in numerous countries. While
Euro bonds often pay principal and interest in Eurodollars (i.e., U.S. dollars held in banks
outside of the United States), some Euro bonds may pay principal and interest in other currencies.
Euro bonds are subject to the same risks as other fixed income securities. See Debt and Other
Fixed Income Securities Generally above.
Zero Coupon Securities
The Fund, when investing in zero coupon fixed income securities, accrues interest income at a
fixed rate based on initial purchase price and length to maturity, but the securities do not pay
interest in cash on a current basis. The Fund is required to distribute the accrued income to its
shareholders, even though the Fund is not receiving the income in cash on a current basis. Thus,
the Fund may have to sell other investments to obtain cash to make income distributions. The
market value of zero coupon securities is often more volatile than that of non-zero coupon fixed
income securities of comparable quality and maturity. Zero coupon securities include IO/PO Strips.
27
Indexed Securities
Indexed securities are securities the redemption values and/or coupons of which are indexed to a
specific instrument, index, or other statistic. Indexed securities typically, but not always, are
debt securities or deposits whose value at maturity or coupon rate is determined by reference to
other securities, securities or inflation indices, currencies, precious metals or other
commodities, or other financial indicators. For example, the maturity value of gold-indexed
securities depends on the price of gold and, therefore, their price tends to rise and fall with
gold prices.
The performance of indexed securities depends on the performance of the security, security index,
inflation index, currency, or other instrument to which they are indexed. Interest rate changes in
the U.S. and abroad also may influence performance. Indexed securities also are subject to the
credit risks of the issuer, and their values are adversely affected by declines in the issuers
creditworthiness.
The Funds investments in certain indexed securities, including inflation indexed bonds, may
generate taxable income in excess of the interest they pay to the Fund. See Distributions and
Taxes in the Prospectus and Distributions and Taxes in this Statement of Additional
Information.
Currency-Indexed Securities
.
Currency-indexed securities have maturity values or interest rates
determined by reference to the values of one or more foreign currencies. Currency-indexed
securities also may have maturity values or interest rates that depend on the values of a number of
different foreign currencies relative to each other.
Inverse Floating Obligations
.
Indexed securities in which the Fund may invest include so-called
inverse floating obligations or residual interest bonds on which the interest rates typically
decline as the index or reference rates, typically short-term interest rates, increase and increase
as index or reference rates decline. An inverse floating obligation may have the effect of
investment leverage to the extent that its interest rate varies by a magnitude that exceeds the
magnitude of the change in the index or reference rate of interest. Generally, leverage will
result in greater price volatility.
Inflation Indexed Bonds
.
The Fund may invest in inflation indexed bonds. Inflation indexed bonds
are fixed income securities whose principal value is adjusted periodically according to the rate of
inflation. Two structures are common. The U.S. Treasury and some other issuers use a structure
that accrues inflation into the principal value of the bond. Most other issuers pay out the CPI
accruals as part of a semiannual coupon.
Inflation indexed securities issued by the U.S. Treasury (or TIPS) have maturities of
approximately five, ten or twenty years (thirty year TIPS are no longer offered), although it is
possible that securities with other maturities will be issued in the future. U.S. Treasury
securities pay interest on a semi-annual basis equal to a fixed percentage of the
inflation-adjusted principal amount. For example, if the Fund purchased an inflation indexed bond
with a par value of $1,000 and a 3% real rate of return coupon (payable 1.5% semi-annually), and
the rate of inflation over the first six months was 1%, the mid-year par value of the bond would be
$1,010 and the first semi-annual interest payment would be $15.15 ($1,010 times 1.5%). If
inflation
28
during the second half of the year resulted in the whole years inflation equaling 3%, the
end-of-year par value of the bond would be $1,030 and the second semi-annual interest payment would
be $15.45 ($1,030 times 1.5%).
If the periodic adjustment rate measuring inflation falls, the principal value of inflation indexed
bonds will be adjusted downward and, consequently, the interest payable on these securities
(calculated with respect to a smaller principal amount) will be reduced. Repayment of the original
bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed in the case of a TIPS, even
during a period of deflation, although the inflation-adjusted principal received could be less than
the inflation-adjusted principal that had accrued to the bond at the time of purchase. However,
the current market value of the bonds is not guaranteed and will fluctuate. The Fund also may
invest in other inflation-related bonds which may or may not provide a similar guarantee. If a
guarantee of principal is not provided, the adjusted principal value of the bond repaid at maturity
may be less than the original principal.
The value of inflation indexed bonds is expected to change in response to changes in real interest
rates. Real interest rates, in turn, are tied to the relationship between nominal interest rates
(i.e., stated interest rates) and the rate of inflation. Therefore, if the rate of inflation rises
at a faster rate than nominal interest rates, real interest rates might decline, leading to an
increase in value of inflation indexed bonds. In contrast, if nominal interest rates increase at a
faster rate than inflation, real interest rates might rise, leading to a decrease in value of
inflation indexed bonds. There can be no assurance, however, that the value of inflation indexed
bonds will be directly correlated to changes in nominal interest rates, and short term increases in
inflation may lead to a decline in their value.
Although inflation indexed bonds protect their holders from long-term inflationary trends,
short-term increases in inflation may result in a decline in value. In addition, inflation indexed
bonds do not protect holders from increases in interest rates due to reasons other than inflation
(such as changes in currency exchange rates).
The periodic adjustment of U.S. inflation indexed bonds is tied to the Consumer Price Index for
Urban Consumers (CPI-U), which is calculated monthly by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The
CPI-U is a measurement of changes in the cost of living, made up of components such as housing,
food, transportation, and energy. Inflation indexed bonds issued by a foreign government are
generally adjusted to reflect changes in a comparable inflation index calculated by the foreign
government. No assurance can be given that the CPI-U or any foreign inflation index will
accurately measure the real rate of inflation in the prices of goods and services. In addition, no
assurance can be given that the rate of inflation in a foreign country will correlate to the rate
of inflation in the United States.
Coupon payments received by the Fund from inflation indexed bonds are included in the Funds gross
income for the period in which they accrue. In addition, any increase in the principal amount of
an inflation indexed bond constitutes taxable ordinary income to investors in the Fund, even though
principal is not paid until maturity.
29
Structured Notes
Similar to indexed securities, structured notes are derivative debt securities, the interest rate
or principal of which is determined by reference to changes in the value of a specific asset,
reference rate, or index (the reference) or the relative change in two or more references. The
interest rate or the principal amount payable upon maturity or redemption may increase or decrease,
depending upon changes in the reference. The terms of a structured note may provide that, in
certain circumstances, no principal is due at maturity and, therefore, may result in a loss of
invested capital. Structured notes may be indexed positively or negatively, so that appreciation
of the reference may produce an increase or decrease in the interest rate or value of the principal
at maturity. In addition, changes in the interest rate or the value of the principal at maturity
may be fixed at a specified multiple of the change in the value of the reference, making the value
of the note particularly volatile.
Structured notes may entail a greater degree of market risk than other types of debt securities
because the investor bears the risk of the reference. Structured notes also may be more volatile,
less liquid, and more difficult to price accurately than less complex securities or more
traditional debt securities.
Firm Commitments and When-Issued Securities
The Fund may enter into firm commitments and similar agreements with banks or broker-dealers for
the purchase or sale of securities at an agreed-upon price on a specified future date. For
example, the Fund that invests in fixed-income securities may enter into a firm commitment
agreement if the Manager anticipates a decline in interest rates and believes it is able to obtain
a more advantageous future yield by committing currently to purchase securities to be issued later.
When the Fund purchases securities on a when-issued or delayed-delivery basis, it is required to
maintain cash, U.S. government securities, or other liquid securities in an amount equal to or
greater than, on a daily basis, the amount of the Funds when-issued or delayed-delivery
commitments. The Fund generally does not earn income on the securities it has committed to
purchase until after delivery. The Fund may take delivery of the securities or, if deemed advisable
as a matter of investment strategy, may sell the securities before the settlement date. When
payment is due on when-issued or delayed-delivery securities, the Fund makes payment from
then-available cash flow or the sale of securities, or from the sale of the when-issued or
delayed-delivery securities themselves (which may have a value greater or less than what the Fund
paid for them).
Loans, Loan Participations, and Assignments
The Fund may invest in direct debt instruments, which are interests in amounts owed by a corporate,
governmental, or other borrower to lenders or lending syndicates (loans, promissory notes, and loan
participations), to suppliers of goods or services (trade claims or other receivables), or to other
parties. Investments in direct debt instruments are subject to the Funds policies regarding the
quality of debt investments generally.
Purchasers of loans and other forms of direct indebtedness, including promissory notes, depend
primarily on the borrower for payment of principal and interest, and adverse changes in the
30
creditworthiness of the borrower may affect its ability to pay principal and interest. Direct debt
instruments may not be rated by a nationally recognized rating agency. In the event of non-payment
of interest or principal, loans that are secured offer the Fund more protection than comparable
unsecured loans. However, no assurance can be given that the collateral for a secured loan can be
liquidated or that the proceeds will satisfy the borrowers obligation. Investment in the
indebtedness of borrowers with low creditworthiness involves substantially greater risks, and may
be highly speculative. Borrowers that are in bankruptcy or restructuring may never pay off their
indebtedness, or may pay only a small fraction of the amount owed. Investments in sovereign debt
similarly involve the risk that the governmental entities responsible for repayment of the debt may
be unable or unwilling to pay interest and repay principal when due.
When investing in a loan participation, the Fund typically purchases a portion of a lenders or
participants interest in a loan but has no direct contractual relationship with the borrower. The
Fund must rely on the seller of the participation interest not only for the enforcement of the
Funds rights against the borrower but also for the receipt and processing of principal, interest,
or other payments due under the loan. This may subject the Fund to greater delays, expenses, and
risks than if the Fund could enforce its rights directly against the borrower. In addition, under
the terms of a participation agreement, the Fund may be treated as a creditor of the seller of the
participation interest (rather than of the borrower), thus exposing the Fund to the credit risk of
the seller in addition to the credit risk of the borrower. A participation agreement also may limit
the rights of the Fund to vote on changes that may be made to the underlying loan agreement, such
as waiving a breach of a covenant.
Investments in loans through direct assignment of a lenders interests may involve additional risks
to the Fund. For example, if a secured loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become part owner of any
collateral, and would bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of the
collateral. In addition, under legal theories of lender liability, the Fund potentially might be
held liable as a co-lender.
A loan is often administered by a bank or other financial institution that acts as agent for all
holders. The agent administers the terms of the loan, as specified in the loan agreement. Unless,
under the terms of the loan or other indebtedness the Fund has direct recourse against the
borrower, it may have to rely on the agent to enforce its rights against the borrower.
Direct indebtedness purchased by the Fund may include letters of credit, revolving credit
facilities, or other standby financing commitments obligating the Fund to pay additional cash on
demand. These commitments may have the effect of requiring the Fund to increase its investment in
a borrower at a time when it would not otherwise have done so. The Fund is required to maintain
liquid assets to cover the Funds potential obligations under standby financing commitments.
Reverse Repurchase Agreements and Dollar Roll Agreements
The Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements and dollar roll agreements with banks and
brokers to enhance return. Reverse repurchase agreements involve sales by the Fund of portfolio
securities concurrently with an agreement by the Fund to repurchase the same securities
31
at a later date at a fixed price. During the reverse repurchase agreement period, the Fund
continues to receive principal and interest payments on the securities and also has the opportunity
to earn a return on the collateral furnished by the counterparty to secure its obligation to
redeliver the securities.
Dollar rolls are transactions in which the Fund sells securities for delivery in the current month
and simultaneously contracts to repurchase substantially similar (same type and coupon) securities
on a specified future date. During the roll period, the Fund foregoes principal and interest paid
on the securities. The Fund is compensated by the difference between the current sales price and
the forward price for the future purchase (often referred to as the drop) as well as by the
interest earned on the cash proceeds of the initial sale.
The Fund, when entering into reverse repurchase agreements and dollar roll agreements, maintains
cash, U.S. government securities, or other liquid assets equal in value to its obligations under
those agreements. If the buyer in a reverse repurchase agreement or dollar roll agreement files
for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, the Funds use of proceeds from the sale of its securities may
be restricted while the other party or its trustee or receiver determines whether to enforce the
Funds obligation to repurchase the securities. Furthermore, the Fund may be unable to recover the
securities it provided in connection with a reverse repurchase agreement and realize a loss equal
to the difference between the value of the securities and the collateral it received. This loss
could be greater to the extent the broker required that a discount be applied to the amount of
collateral it would deliver (e.g., a broker may only be willing to provide $95 as collateral for
bond with a market value of $100). Reverse repurchase agreements and dollar rolls are not
considered borrowings by the Fund for purposes of the Funds fundamental investment restriction on
borrowings.
Illiquid Securities, Private Placements, Restricted Securities, and IPOs and Other Limited Opportunities
The Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities. For this purpose,
illiquid securities are securities that the Fund may not sell or dispose of within seven days in
the ordinary course of business at approximately the amount at which the Fund has valued the
securities. A repurchase agreement maturing in more than seven days is considered illiquid, unless
it can be terminated after a notice period of seven days or less.
The Manager also may deem certain securities to be illiquid as a result of the Managers receipt
from time to time of material, non-public information about an issuer, which may limit the
Managers ability to trade such securities for the account of any of its clients, including the
Fund. In some instances, these trading restrictions could continue in effect for a substantial
period of time.
As long as the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) maintains the position that most swap
contracts, caps, floors, and collars are illiquid, the Fund will continue to designate these
instruments as illiquid unless the instrument includes a termination clause or has been determined
to be liquid based on a case-by-case analysis pursuant to procedures approved by the Trustees.
32
Private Placements and Restricted Investments
.
Illiquid securities include securities of private
issuers, securities traded in unregulated or shallow markets, and securities that are purchased in
private placements and are subject to legal or contractual restrictions on resale. Because
relatively few purchasers of these securities may exist, especially in the event of adverse market
or economic conditions or adverse changes in the issuers financial condition, the Fund could have
difficulty selling them when the Manager believes it advisable to do so or may be able to sell them
only at prices that are lower than if they were more widely held. Disposing of illiquid securities
may involve time-consuming negotiation and legal expenses, and selling them promptly at an
acceptable price may be difficult or impossible.
While private placements may offer attractive opportunities not otherwise available in the open
market, the securities purchased are usually restricted securities or are not readily
marketable. Restricted securities cannot be sold without being registered under the Securities
Act of 1933, as amended (the 1933 Act), unless they are sold pursuant to an exemption from
registration (such as Rules 144 or 144A). Securities that are not readily marketable are subject
to other legal or contractual restrictions on resale. The Fund may have to bear the expense of
registering restricted securities for resale and the risk of substantial delay in effecting
registration. The Fund, when selling its securities in a registered offering, may be deemed to be
an underwriter for purposes of Section 11 of the 1933 Act. In such event, the Fund may be liable
to purchasers of the securities under Section 11 if the registration statement prepared by the
issuer, or the prospectus forming a part of it, is materially inaccurate or misleading, although
the Fund may have a due diligence defense.
At times, the inability to sell illiquid securities can make it more difficult to determine their
fair value for purposes of computing the Funds net asset value. The judgment of the Manager
normally plays a greater role in valuing these securities than in valuing publicly traded
securities.
IPOs and Other Limited Opportunities
.
The Fund may purchase securities of companies that are
offered pursuant to an initial public offering (IPO) or other similar limited opportunities.
Although companies can be any age or size at the time of their IPO, they are often smaller and have
a limited operating history, which involves a greater potential for the value of their securities
to be impaired following the IPO. The price of a companys securities may be highly unstable at
the time of its IPO and for a period thereafter due to factors such as market psychology prevailing
at the time of the IPO, the absence of a prior public market, the small number of shares available,
and limited availability of investor information. Securities purchased in IPOs have a tendency to
fluctuate in value significantly shortly after the IPO relative to the price at which they were
purchased. These fluctuations could impact the net asset value and return earned on the Funds
shares. Investors in IPOs can be adversely affected by substantial dilution in the value of their
shares, by sales of additional shares, and by concentration of control in existing management and
principal shareholders. In addition, all of the factors that affect the performance of an economy
or equity markets may have a greater impact on the shares of IPO companies. IPO securities tend to
involve greater risk due, in part, to public perception and the lack of publicly available
information and trading history.
33
Investments in Other Investment Companies or Other Pooled Investments
Subject to applicable regulatory requirements, the Fund may invest in shares of both open- and
closed-end investment companies (including money market funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs)).
Investing in another investment company exposes the Fund to all the risks of that investment
company and, in general, subjects it to a pro rata portion of the other investment companys fees
and expenses. The Fund also may invest in private investment funds, vehicles, or structures.
ETFs are hybrid investment companies that are registered as open-end investment companies or unit
investment trusts (UITs) but possess some of the characteristics of closed-end funds. ETFs
typically hold a portfolio of common stocks that is intended to track the price and dividend
performance of a particular index. Common examples of ETFs include S&P Depositary Receipts
(SPDRs) and iShares, which may be purchased from the UIT or investment company issuing the
securities or in the secondary market (SPDRs are listed on the American Stock Exchange and iShares
are listed on the New York Stock Exchange). The market price for ETF shares may be higher or lower
than the ETFs net asset value. The sale and redemption prices of ETF shares purchased from the
issuer are based on the issuers net asset value.
The Fund may invest without limitation in other Funds of the Trust (the underlying Funds). These
investments are not made in reliance on the fund of funds exemption provided in Section 12(d)(1)(G)
of the 1940 Act, but instead are made in reliance on an SEC exemptive order obtained by the Manager
and the Trust permitting Funds of the Trust to operate as funds of funds. As described in the
Prospectus, shareholders of the investing Funds do not bear directly any of the operating fees and
expenses of the underlying Funds, but bear indirectly a proportionate share of their operating fees
and expenses.
Short Sales
The Fund may seek to hedge investments or realize additional gains through short sales. The Fund
may make short sales against the box, meaning the Fund may make short sales where the Fund owns,
or has the right to acquire at no added cost, securities identical to those sold short. If the
Fund makes a short sale against the box, the Fund will not immediately deliver the securities sold
and will not immediately receive the proceeds from the sale. However, the Fund is required to hold
securities equivalent in kind and amount to the securities sold short (or securities convertible or
exchangeable into such securities) while the short sale is outstanding. Once the Fund closes out
its short position by delivering the securities sold short, it will receive the proceeds of the
sale. The Fund will incur transaction costs, including interest, in connection with opening,
maintaining, and closing short sales against the box.
In addition, the Fund may make short sales that are not against the box, which are transactions in
which the Fund sells a security it does not own, in anticipation of a decline in the market value
of that security. To complete such a transaction, the Fund must borrow the security to make
delivery to the buyer. The Fund then is obligated to replace the security borrowed by purchasing
it at the market price at the time of replacement. The price at such time may be more or less than
the price at which the security was sold by the Fund. Until the security is replaced, the Fund is
required to repay the lender any dividends or interest which accrue during the period of the loan.
34
To borrow the security, the Fund also may be required to pay a premium, which would increase the
cost of the security sold. The net proceeds of the short sale will be retained by the broker, to
the extent necessary to meet margin requirements, until the short position is closed out. The Fund
also will incur transaction costs in effecting short sales that are not against the box.
The Fund will incur a loss as a result of a short sale if the price of the security or index
increases between the date of the short sale and the date on which the Fund replaces the borrowed
security. The Fund will realize a gain if the price of the security declines between those dates.
The amount of any gain will be decreased, and the amount of any loss increased, by the amount of
the premium, dividends or interest the Fund may be required to pay in connection with a short sale.
Whenever the Fund engages in short sales, it identifies liquid and unencumbered assets in an
amount that, when combined with the amount of collateral deposited with the broker in connection
with the short sale, equals the current market value of the security sold short. Short sales that
are not against the box involve a form of investment leverage, and the amount of the Funds loss on
such a short sale is theoretically unlimited. Under adverse market conditions, the Fund may have
difficulty purchasing securities to meet its short sale delivery obligations, and may have to sell
portfolio securities to raise the capital necessary to meet its short sale obligations at a time
when it would be unfavorable to do so. In addition, the Fund may have difficulty purchasing
securities to meet its delivery obligations in the case of less liquid securities sold short by the
Fund such as certain emerging market securities or securities of companies with smaller market
capitalizations.
USES OF DERIVATIVES
Introduction and Overview
This overview outlines various ways in which the Fund may use different types of exchange-traded
and OTC derivatives in implementing its investment program. It is intended to supplement the
information included in the Prospectus and the information provided in the Fund Investments and
Descriptions and Risks of Fund Investments sections of this Statement of Additional Information.
This overview, however, is not intended to be exhaustive and the Fund may use types of derivatives
and/or employ derivatives strategies not otherwise described in this Statement of Additional
Information or the Prospectus.
In addition, the Fund may decide not to employ any of the strategies described below, and no
assurance can be given that any strategy used will succeed. Also, suitable derivatives
transactions may not be available in all circumstances and there can be no assurance that the Fund
will be able to identify or employ a desirable derivatives transaction at any time or from time to
time, or that any such transactions will be successful.
Note
: Unless otherwise noted below in this section, the uses of derivatives discussed
herein only refer to the Funds direct use of such derivatives. As indicated in the relevant
Prospectus and in the Fund Investments section of this Statement of Additional Information, the
Fund may invest in other Funds of the Trust, which in turn, may use types of derivatives and/or
employ
35
derivatives strategies that differ from those described in this Statement of Additional Information
or the relevant Prospectus.
Function of Derivatives in the Fund
.
The types of derivatives used and derivatives strategies
employed by the Fund and the extent the Fund uses derivatives varies from other Funds of the Trust
due to the Funds specific investment objective and strategies. In addition, specific market
conditions may influence the Managers choice of derivatives and derivatives strategies for the
Fund.
Counterparty Creditworthiness
.
Typically, the Fund will enter into these transactions only with
counterparties or their guarantors that, at the time they enter into a transaction, have long-term
debt ratings of A or higher by Moodys or S&P (or have comparable credit ratings as determined by
the Manager). Short-term derivatives may be entered into with counterparties that do not have
long-term debt ratings if they have short-term debt ratings of A-1 by S&P and/or a comparable
rating by Moodys. See Appendix ACommercial Paper and Corporate Debt Ratings for an explanation
of short-term debt ratings.
Use of Derivatives
Note:
The Fund may use the derivatives and engage in the derivatives strategies described
below directly and/or indirectly through its investment in other Funds of the Trust.
Types of Derivatives (other than Foreign Currency Derivative Transactions) That May Be Used by the
Fund
Futures contracts and related options on bonds as well as baskets or indices of securities
Options on bonds and other securities
Swap contracts, including interest rate swaps, swaps on an index, a single fixed income security,
or a basket of fixed income securities, credit default swaps, inflation swaps, and contracts
for differences
Swaptions
Structured notes
Uses of Derivatives (other than Foreign Currency Derivative Transactions) by the Fund
Hedging
Traditional Hedging: The Fund may use bond futures, related options, bond options, swap contracts,
and swaptions to hedge against a market or credit risk already generally present in the Fund. For
instance, the Fund may use credit default swaps to take an active long or short position with
respect to the likelihood of default by corporate (including asset-backed security) or sovereign
issuers.
Anticipatory Hedging: In anticipation of significant purchases of a security or securities, the
Fund may hedge market risk (the risk of not being invested in the securities) by purchasing long
futures contracts or entering into long swap contracts to obtain market exposure until the purchase
is completed. Conversely, in anticipation of significant cash redemptions, the Fund
36
may sell futures contracts or enter into short swap contracts while the Fund disposes of securities
in an orderly fashion.
Investment
The Fund may use derivatives (including futures contracts, related options, swap contracts, and
swaptions) instead of investing directly in securities. In particular, the Fund may use swaps on
an index, a single fixed income security, or a basket of fixed income securities to gain investment
exposure to fixed income securities in situations where direct ownership is not permitted or is
economically unattractive. In addition, if a foreign derivative position is non-U.S. dollar
denominated, a foreign currency forward may be used in conjunction with a long derivative position
to achieve the effect of investing directly.
The Fund also may use credit default swaps for investment purposes, in which case the Fund will
receive the premium from its counterparty but would be obligated to pay the par (or other
agreed-upon) value of the defaulted bonds or loans upon issuer default to the counterparty.
The Fund may take active overweighted and underweighted positions in particular interest rate
markets and currencies relative to its benchmark. They may achieve these positions using long and
short derivative positions and combinations of those positions to create synthetic instruments.
Risk Management
The Fund may use options, futures, and related options as well as swap contracts to achieve what
the Manager believes to be the optimal exposure to particular interest rate markets or individual
countries or issuers. From time to time, derivatives may be used prior to actual sales and
purchases.
The Fund is not limited in the extent to which it uses derivatives or in the absolute face value of
its derivative positions. As a result, the Fund may be leveraged in terms of aggregate exposure of
its assets, and its net long exposure may exceed 100% of its net assets. The Manager seeks to
manage the exposure of the Fund relative to the Funds benchmark.
Other Uses
The Fund may employ additional derivatives strategies to help implement its investment strategies.
For instance, the Manager may decide to alter the interest rate exposure of debt instruments by
employing interest rate swaps. This strategy enables the Fund to maintain its investment in the
credit of an issuer through the debt instrument but adjust its interest rate exposure through the
swap. With these swaps, the Fund and its counterparties exchange interest rate exposure, such as
fixed vs. variable and shorter duration vs. longer duration.
In addition, the Fund may employ the foreign currency derivative transactions described below.
37
Use of Foreign Currency Derivative Transactions by the Fund
Note:
As noted above, the Fund may use the derivatives and engage in the derivatives
strategies described below directly and/or indirectly through its investment in other Funds of the
Trust.
Foreign Currency Derivative Transactions That May Be Employed by the Fund
Buying and selling spot currencies
Forward foreign currency contracts
Currency futures contracts and related options (both cash and physically settled)
Options on currencies
Currency swap contracts
Uses of Foreign Currency Derivative Transactions by the Fund
Hedging
Traditional Hedging: The Fund may use derivatives generally short forward or futures contracts
to hedge back into the U.S. dollar the foreign currency risk inherent in its portfolio. The Fund
is not required to hedge any of its currency risk.
Anticipatory Hedging: When the Fund enters into a contract for the purchase of, or anticipates the
need to purchase, a security denominated in a foreign currency, it may lock in the U.S. dollar
price of the security by buying the foreign currency or using currency forwards or futures.
Cross Hedging: The Fund may hedge exposure to a foreign currency by using derivatives that hedge
that risk to a third currency, not necessarily the U.S. dollar. For example, if the Fund holds
Japanese stocks or bonds, but the Manager believes the Yen is likely to decline against the Euro
(but not necessarily the U.S. dollar), the Manager may implement a cross hedge to take a short
position in the Yen and take a long position in the Euro. This may be implemented with a
traditional hedge of the Yen to U.S. dollars in addition to a purchase of Euros using those U.S.
dollars.
Proxy Hedging: The Fund may hedge the exposure of a given foreign currency by using an instrument
denominated in a different currency that the Manager believes is highly correlated to the currency
being hedged.
Investment
The Fund may enter into currency forwards or futures contracts in conjunction with entering into a
futures contract on a foreign index to create synthetic foreign currency denominated securities.
Risk Management
Subject to certain limitations, the Fund may use foreign currency derivatives for risk management.
Thus, the Fund may have foreign currency exposure that is different (in some cases, significantly
different) than the currency exposure represented by its portfolio
38
investments. That exposure may include long and short exposure to particular currencies beyond the
exposure represented by the Funds investment in securities denominated in that currency.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
Fundamental Restrictions:
The following are Fundamental Investment Restrictions of the Fund, which may not be changed without
shareholder approval:
(1) The Fund may not borrow money except under the following circumstances: (i) The Fund may
borrow money from banks so long as after such a transaction, the total assets (including the amount
borrowed) less liabilities other than debt obligations, represent at least 300% of outstanding debt
obligations; (ii) The Fund may also borrow amounts equal to an additional 5% of its total assets
without regard to the foregoing limitation for temporary purposes, such as for the clearance and
settlement of portfolio transactions and to meet shareholder redemption requests; and (iii) The
Fund may enter into transactions that are technically borrowings under the 1940 Act because they
involve the sale of a security coupled with an agreement to repurchase that security (e.g., reverse
repurchase agreements, dollar rolls, and other similar investment techniques) without regard to the
asset coverage restriction described in (i) above, so long as and to the extent that the Funds
custodian earmarks and maintains cash and/or high-grade debt securities equal in value to its
obligations in respect of these transactions.
Under current pronouncements of the SEC staff, the above types of transactions are not treated as
involving senior securities so long as and to the extent that the Fund maintains liquid assets
equal in value to its obligations in respect of these transactions.
(2) The Fund may not underwrite securities issued by other persons except to the extent that, in
connection with the disposition of its portfolio investments, it may be deemed to be an underwriter
under federal securities laws.
(3) The Fund may not purchase or sell real estate, although it may purchase securities of issuers
which deal in real estate, including securities of real estate investment trusts, and may purchase
securities which are secured by interests in real estate.
(4) The Fund may not make loans, except by purchase of debt obligations or by entering into
repurchase agreements or through the lending of the Funds portfolio securities. Loans of
portfolio securities may be made with respect to up to 33 1/3% of the Funds total assets.
(5) The Fund may not concentrate more than 25% of the value of its total assets in any one
industry.
(6) The Fund may not purchase commodities, except that the Fund may purchase and sell commodity
contracts or any type of commodity-related derivative instrument (including, without limitation,
all types of commodity-related swaps, futures contracts, forward contracts, and options contracts).
39
(7) The Fund may not issue senior securities, as defined in the 1940 Act and as amplified by
rules, regulations and pronouncements of the SEC.
The SEC has concluded that even though reverse repurchase agreements, firm commitment agreements,
and standby commitment agreements fall within the functional meaning of the term evidence of
indebtedness, the issue of compliance with Section 18 of the 1940 Act will not be raised with the
SEC by the Division of Investment Management if the Fund covers such obligations or maintains
liquid assets equal in value to its obligations with respect to these transactions. Similarly, so
long as such assets are maintained, the issue of compliance with Section 18 will not be raised with
respect to any of the following: any swap contract or contract for differences; any pledge or
permitted encumbrance of assets; any borrowing permitted by Fundamental Restriction (1) above; any
permitted collateral arrangements with respect to initial and variation margin; and the purchase or
sale of options, forward contracts, futures contracts or options on futures contracts.
Non-Fundamental Restrictions:
The following are Non-Fundamental Investment Restrictions of the Fund, which may be changed by the
Trustees
without
shareholder approval:
(1) The Fund may not buy or sell oil, gas, or other mineral leases, rights or royalty contracts,
although it may purchase securities of issuers that deal in oil, gas, or other mineral leases,
rights or royalty contracts, including securities of royalty trusts, and may purchase securities
which are secured by, or otherwise hold or represent interests in, oil, gas, or other mineral
leases, rights or royalty contracts.
(2) The Fund may not make investments for the purpose of gaining control of a companys
management.
(3) The Fund may not invest more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities.
(4) Because the Fund has adopted a non-fundamental investment policy pursuant to Rule 35d-1 under
the 1940 Act (each, a Name Policy), the Fund may not change its Name Policy as set forth under
the Funds Principal investment strategies in the Prospectus without providing the Funds
shareholders with a notice meeting the requirement of Rule 35d-1(c) at least 60 days prior to such
change.
For purposes of each Name Policy, the Fund considers the term invest to include both direct
investing and indirect investing and the term investments to include both direct investments and
indirect investments (for instance, the Fund may invest indirectly or make indirect investments by
investing in another Fund or in derivatives and synthetic instruments with economic characteristics
similar to the underlying asset), and the Fund may achieve exposure to a particular investment,
industry, country, or geographic region through direct investing or indirect investing and/or
direct investments or indirect investments.
Except as indicated above in Fundamental Restriction (1), all percentage limitations on investments
set forth herein and in the Prospectus will apply at the time of the making of an
40
investment and shall not be considered violated unless an excess or deficiency occurs or exists
immediately after and as a result of such investment.
The phrase shareholder approval, as used in the Prospectus and in this Statement of Additional
Information, and the phrases vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities and the
approval of shareholders, as used herein, mean the affirmative vote of the lesser of (1) more than
50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund, or (2) 67% or more of the shares of the Fund present at
a meeting if more than 50% of the outstanding shares are represented at the meeting in person or by
proxy. Except for policies and restrictions that are explicitly described as fundamental in the
Prospectus or this Statement of Additional Information, the investment policies and restrictions of
the Fund may be changed by the Trusts Trustees without the approval of shareholders of the Fund.
Policies and restrictions of the Fund that are explicitly described as fundamental in the
Prospectus or this Statement of Additional Information cannot be changed without the approval of
shareholders of the Fund.
When used in connection with the Funds Name Policy, the Manager uses the terms invest,
investments, assets, and tied economically as defined in the Prospectus.
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
The net asset value (NAV) of each class of shares of the Fund will be determined as of the close
of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), generally at 4:00 p.m. Eastern time.
The Fund will not determine its NAV on any day when the NYSE is closed for business. The Fund will
not be valued (and, accordingly, transactions in shares of the Fund will not be processed) on days
when the U.S. bond markets are closed. The Fund also may elect not to determine its NAV on days
during which no share is tendered for redemption and no order to purchase or sell a share is
received by the Fund. Please refer to Determination of Net Asset Value in the Prospectus for
additional information.
DISTRIBUTIONS
The Prospectus describes the distribution policies of the Fund under the heading Distributions and
Taxes. The Fund generally maintains a policy to pay its shareholders, as dividends, substantially
all net investment income, if any, and to distribute annually all net realized capital gains, if
any, after offsetting any available capital loss carryovers. The Fund generally maintains a policy
to make distributions at least annually, sufficient to avoid the imposition of a nondeductible 4%
excise tax on certain undistributed amounts of investment company taxable income and capital gain
net income. The Fund, from time to time and at the Funds discretion, also may make unscheduled
distributions of net income, short-term capital gains, and/or long-term capital gains prior to
large redemptions by shareholders from the Fund or as otherwise deemed appropriate by the Fund.
TAXES
Tax Status and Taxation of the Fund
The Fund is treated as a separate taxable entity for federal income tax purposes. The Fund intends
to qualify each year as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the
41
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (previously defined above as the Code). In order to
qualify for the special tax treatment accorded regulated investment companies and their
shareholders, the Fund must, among other things:
(a)
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derive at least 90% of its gross income from (i) dividends, interest, payments with respect
to certain securities loans, and gains from the sale or other disposition of stock,
securities, or foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to gains from
options, futures, or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in
such stock, securities, or currencies and (ii) net income derived from interests in qualified
publicly traded partnerships (as defined below);
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(b)
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diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of the Funds taxable year, (i) at
least 50% of the market value of the Funds total assets is represented by cash and cash
items, U.S. Government securities, securities of other regulated investment companies, and
other securities limited in respect of any one issuer to a value not greater than 5% of the
value of the Funds total assets and not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of
such issuer, and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of the Funds total assets is invested in
the securities (other than those of the U.S. Government or regulated investment companies) of
any one issuer or of two or more issuers which the Fund controls and which are engaged in the
same, similar, or related trades or businesses, or in the securities of one or more qualified
publicly traded partnerships (as defined below); and
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(c)
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distribute with respect to each taxable year at least 90% of the sum of its investment
company taxable income (as that term is defined in the Code without regard to the deduction
for dividends paidgenerally, taxable ordinary income and the excess, if any, of net
short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses) and any net tax-exempt interest
income, for such year.
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In general, for purposes of the 90% gross income requirement described in paragraph (a) above,
income derived from a partnership will be treated as qualifying income only to the extent such
income is attributable to items of income of the partnership which would be qualifying income if
realized directly by the regulated investment company. However, 100% of the net income derived from
an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership (defined as a partnership (i) interests in
which are traded on an established securities market or readily tradable on a secondary market or
the substantial equivalent thereof, (ii) that derives at least 90% of its income from passive
income sources defined in Code section 7704(d), and (iii) that derives less than 90% of its income
from the qualifying income described in paragraph (a)(i) above) will be treated as qualifying
income. In addition, although in general the passive loss rules of the Code do not apply to
regulated investment companies, such rules do apply to a regulated investment company with respect
to items attributable to an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership. Further, for the
purposes of paragraph (b) above: (i) the term outstanding voting securities of such issuer will
include the equity securities of a qualified publicly traded partnership, and (ii) in the case of
the Funds investment in loan participations, the Fund shall treat both the intermediary and the
issuer of the underlying loan as an issuer.
42
If the Fund qualifies as a regulated investment company that is accorded special tax treatment, the
Fund will not be subject to federal income tax on income distributed in a timely manner to its
shareholders in the form of dividends (including Capital Gain Dividends, defined below).
As described above, the Fund intends generally to distribute at least annually to its shareholders
substantially all of its net investment income and all of its net capital gain. Any net investment
income retained by the Fund will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates. Although the Fund
intends generally to distribute all of its net capital gain each year, the Fund reserves the right
to retain for investment all or a portion of its net capital gain. If the Fund retains any net
capital gain, it will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates on the amount retained, but may
designate the retained amount as undistributed capital gains in a notice to its shareholders who
(i) will be required to include in income for federal income tax purposes, as long-term capital
gain, their shares of such undistributed amount, and (ii) will be entitled to credit their
proportionate shares of the tax paid by the Fund on such undistributed amount against their federal
income tax liabilities, if any, and to claim refunds on a properly-filed U.S. tax return to the
extent the credit exceeds such liabilities. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the tax basis of
shares owned by a shareholder of the Fund will be increased by an amount equal under current law to
the difference between the amount of undistributed capital gains included in the shareholders
gross income under clause (i) of the preceding sentence and the tax deemed paid by the shareholder
under clause (ii) of the preceding sentence.
If the Fund were to fail to distribute in a calendar year substantially all of its ordinary income
for such year and substantially all of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ending
October 31 (or later if the Fund is permitted to elect and so elects), plus any retained amount
from the prior year, such Fund will be subject to a nondeductible 4% excise tax on the
undistributed amounts. The Fund intends generally to make distributions sufficient to avoid
imposition of the 4% excise tax, although the Fund reserves the right to pay an excise tax rather
than make an additional distribution when circumstances warrant (e.g., the payment of excise tax
amount deemed by the Fund to be
de minimis
). Where the Fund has a taxable year that begins in one
calendar year and ends in the next calendar year, the Fund will be required to make this excise tax
distribution during its taxable year. There is a risk that the Fund could recognize income prior
to making this excise tax distribution and could recognize losses after making this distribution.
As a result, an excise tax distribution could constitute a return of capital (see discussion
below).
Capital losses in excess of capital gains (Net Capital Losses) are not permitted to be deducted
against net investment income. The Fund may carry Net Capital Losses forward for eight years.
However, the Fund will not be able to utilize any Net Capital Losses remaining at the conclusion of
the eighth taxable year succeeding the taxable year in which such Net Capital Loss arose. All Net
Capital Losses carried forward are treated as short term and will offset short-term capital gain
before offsetting long-term capital gain in the year in which they are utilized. While the
issuance or redemption of shares in the Fund will generally not affect the Funds ability to use
Net Capital Losses in succeeding taxable years, the Funds ability to utilize Net Capital Losses
may be limited as a result of certain (i) acquisitive reorganizations and (ii) shifts in the
ownership of the Fund by a shareholder owning or treated as owning 5% or more of the stock of the
Fund.
43
Taxation of Fund Distributions and Transactions in Fund Shares
The Funds shareholders may include other Funds of the Trust. The following summary does not
discuss the tax consequences to the shareholders of those other Funds of the Trust of distributions
by the Fund or of the sale of shares of the Fund. Shareholders of such Funds of the Trust should
consult the prospectuses and statements of additional information of those other Funds of the Trust
for a discussion of the tax consequences to them.
The sale, exchange, or redemption of Fund shares may give rise to a gain or loss. In general, any
gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares will be treated as long-term capital
gain if the shares have been held for more than one year and as short-term capital gain if the
shares have been held for not more than one year. However, depending on a shareholders percentage
ownership in the Fund, a partial redemption of Fund shares could cause the shareholder to be
treated as receiving a dividend, taxable under the rules applicable to dividends and distributions
described below, rather than capital gain income received in exchange for Fund shares.
Any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares held for six months or less will be treated
as long-term capital loss to the extent of any Capital Gain Dividends received or deemed received
by a shareholder with respect to those shares. All or a portion of any loss realized upon a
taxable disposition of Fund shares will be disallowed if other shares of the same Fund are
purchased within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of the newly
purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.
Fund distributions are taxable to shareholders under the rules described below whether received in
cash or reinvested in additional Fund shares.
For federal income tax purposes, distributions of investment income are generally taxable as
ordinary income. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the Fund owned
the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder may have owned shares in
the Fund. Distributions attributable to net long-term capital gains and that are properly
designated by the Fund as capital gain dividends (Capital Gain Dividends) will be taxable to
shareholders as long-term capital gains. Distributions attributable to net short-term capital
gains will be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. For taxable years beginning before
January 1, 2011, qualified dividend income received by an individual will be taxed at the rates
applicable to long-term capital gain. In order for some portion of the dividends received by the
Fund shareholder to be qualified dividend income, the Fund must meet holding period and other
requirements with respect to some portion of the dividend-paying stocks in its portfolio and the
shareholder must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the Funds shares. A
dividend will not be treated as qualified dividend income (at either the Fund or shareholder level)
(i) if the dividend is received with respect to any share of stock held for fewer than 61 days
during the 121-day period beginning on the date which is 60 days before the date on which such
share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (or, in the case of certain preferred
stock, 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date), (ii) to the extent
that the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make
related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property, (iii) if
the recipient elects to have the dividend income treated as investment income for purposes of the
limitation on deductibility of investment interest, or (iv) if the dividend is received from a
44
foreign corporation that is (a) not eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty
with the United States (with the exception of dividends paid on stock of such a foreign corporation
readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States) or (b) treated as a
passive foreign investment company (as defined below).
In general, distributions of investment income designated by the Fund as derived from qualified
dividend income will be treated as qualified dividend income by a shareholder taxed as an
individual provided the shareholder meets the holding period and other requirements described above
with respect to the Funds shares. The Fund does not expect that a significant portion of its
distributions will be derived from qualified dividend income.
If the Fund receives dividends from an underlying fund that is taxed as a regulated investment
company (Underlying RIC), and the Underlying RIC designates such dividends as qualified dividend
income, then the Fund is permitted, in turn, to designate a portion of its distributions as
qualified dividend income, provided that the Fund meets the holding period and other requirements
with respect to shares of the Underlying RIC.
Long-term capital gain rates applicable to most individuals have been temporarily reduced to 15%
(with lower rates applying to taxpayers in the 10% and 15% rate brackets) for taxable years
beginning before January 1, 2011.
If the Fund makes a distribution to its shareholders in excess of its current and accumulated
earnings and profits in any taxable year, the excess distribution will be treated as a return of
capital to the extent of each shareholders tax basis in its shares, and thereafter as capital
gain. A return of capital is not taxable, but it reduces the shareholders tax basis in its
shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by such
shareholder of the shares.
Dividends and distributions on the Funds shares are generally subject to U.S. federal income tax
as described herein to the extent they do not exceed the Funds realized income and gains, even
though such dividends and distributions may economically represent a return of a particular
shareholders investment. Such dividends and distributions are likely to occur in respect of
shares purchased at a time when the Funds net asset value reflects unrealized gains, or realized
but undistributed income or gains. Such realized income and gains may be required to be
distributed even when the Funds net asset value also reflects unrealized losses.
For corporate shareholders (other than S corporations), the dividends-received deduction will
generally apply (subject to holding period and other requirements imposed by the Code) to the
Funds dividends paid from investment income to the extent derived from dividends received from
U.S. corporations. The Fund generally does not expect that a significant portion of its
distributions will be eligible for the corporate dividends-received deduction. If the Fund
receives dividends from an Underlying RIC that qualifies as a regulated investment company, and the
Underlying RIC designates such dividends as eligible for the dividends-received deduction, then the
Fund is permitted, in turn, to designate a portion of its distributions as eligible for the
dividends-received deduction, provided that the Fund meets the holding period and other
requirements with respect to shares of the Underlying RIC.
45
Under a notice issued by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) in October 2006 and Treasury
regulations that have not yet been issued, but may apply retroactively, a portion of the Funds
income (including income allocated to the Fund from a real estate investment trust (as defined in
Code section 856) qualifying for the special tax treatment under Subchapter M of the Code (a U. S.
REIT) or other pass-through entity) that is attributable to a residual interest in a real estate
mortgage investment conduit (REMIC) or an equity interest in a taxable mortgage pool (TMP)
(referred to in the Code as an excess inclusion) will be subject to federal income tax in all
events. This notice also provides and the regulations are expected to provide that excess
inclusion income of a regulated investment company, such as the Fund, will be allocated to
shareholders of the regulated investment company in proportion to the dividends received by such
shareholders, with the same consequences as if the shareholders held the related interest directly.
As a result, the Fund investing in any such interests may not be suitable investments for
charitable remainder trusts, as noted below.
In general, excess inclusion income allocated to shareholders (i) cannot be offset by net operating
losses (subject to a limited exception for certain thrift institutions), (ii) will constitute
unrelated business taxable income (UBTI) to entities (including a qualified pension plan, an
individual retirement account, a 401(k) plan, a Keogh plan or other tax-exempt entity) subject to
tax on UBTI, thereby potentially requiring such an entity that is allocated excess inclusion
income, and otherwise might not be required to file a tax return, to file a tax return and pay tax
on such income, and (iii) in the case of a non-U.S. shareholder, will not qualify for any reduction
in U.S. federal withholding tax.
Under current law, income of the Fund that would be treated as UBTI if earned directly by a
tax-exempt entity, generally will not be attributed and taxed as UBTI when distributed to
tax-exempt shareholders. Notwithstanding this blocking effect, a tax-exempt shareholder could
realize UBTI by virtue of its investment in the Fund if shares in the Fund constitute debt-financed
property in the hands of the tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of Code Section 514(b). A
tax-exempt shareholder may also recognize UBTI if the Fund recognizes excess inclusion income
derived from direct or indirect investments in residual interests in REMICs or equity interests in
TMPs, if the amount of such income recognized by the Fund exceeds the Funds investment company
taxable income (after taking into account deductions for dividends paid by the Fund). Furthermore,
any investment in residual interests of a collateralized mortgage obligation (CMO) that has
elected to be treated as a REMIC can create complex tax consequences, especially if the Fund has
state or local governments or other tax-exempt organizations as shareholders.
In addition, special tax consequences apply to charitable remainder trusts (CRTs) that invest in
regulated investment companies that invest directly or indirectly in residual interests in REMICs
or equity interests in TMPs. Under legislation enacted in December 2006, a CRT (as defined in
section 664 of the Code) that realizes any UBTI for a taxable year must pay an excise tax annually
of an amount equal to such UBTI. Under IRS guidance issued in October 2006, a CRT will not
recognize UBTI as a result of investing in a fund that recognizes excess inclusion income. Rather,
if at any time during any taxable year a CRT (or one of certain other tax-exempt shareholders, such
as the United States, a state or political subdivision, or an agency or instrumentality thereof,
and certain energy cooperatives) is a record holder of a share in a fund that recognizes excess
inclusion income, then that fund will be subject to a tax on that portion of
46
its excess inclusion income for the taxable year that is allocable to such shareholders at the
highest federal corporate income tax rate. The extent to which this IRS guidance remains applicable
in light of the December 2006 legislation is unclear. To the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, a
fund may elect to specially allocate any such tax to the applicable CRT, or other shareholder, and
thus reduce such shareholders distributions for the year by the amount of the tax that relates to
such shareholders interest in the Fund. The Fund has not yet determined whether such an election
would be made in the event it recognizes excess inclusion income in a taxable year. CRTs are urged
to consult their tax advisors concerning the consequences of investing in the Fund.
Special tax rules apply to investments through defined contribution plans and other tax-qualified
plans. Shareholders should consult their tax advisor to determine the suitability of shares of the
Fund as an investment through such plans.
A distribution paid to shareholders by the Fund in January of a year generally is deemed to have
been received by shareholders on December 31 of the preceding year, if the distribution was
declared and payable to shareholders of record on a date in October, November, or December of that
preceding year. The Trust will provide federal tax information annually, including information
about dividends and distributions paid during the preceding year to taxable investors and others
requesting such information.
The Fund generally intends to mail required information returns to shareholders prior to January 31
of each year. However, the Fund may apply with the IRS for an extension of the time in which the
Fund is permitted to provide shareholders with information returns. As a result, a shareholder may
receive an information return from the Fund after January 31.
Backup Withholding
The Fund (or in the case of shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary) generally is
required to withhold and remit to the U.S. Treasury a percentage of the taxable distributions and
redemption proceeds paid to any individual shareholder who fails to properly furnish the Fund (or
the intermediary) with a correct taxpayer identification number, who has under-reported dividend or
interest income, or who fails to certify that he or she is not subject to such withholding. The
backup withholding tax rate is 28% for amounts paid through 2010. This rate will expire and the
backup withholding rate will be 31% for amounts paid after December 31, 2010, unless Congress
enacts tax legislation providing otherwise. Any tax withheld as a result of backup withholding
does not constitute an additional tax imposed on the record owner of the account, and may be
claimed as a credit on the record owners federal income tax return.
Withholding on Distributions to Foreign Investors
Dividend distributions other than Capital Gain Dividends are in general subject to a U.S.
withholding tax of 30% when paid to a shareholder that is not a U.S. person within the meaning of
the Code (a foreign shareholder). Persons who are resident in a country, such as the United
Kingdom, that has an income tax treaty with the U.S. may be eligible for a reduced withholding rate
(upon filing of appropriate forms), and are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the
applicability and effect of such a treaty.
47
However, effective for taxable years of the Fund beginning before January 1, 2010, the Fund will
not be required to withhold any amounts (i) with respect to distributions (other than distributions
to a foreign shareholder (w) that has not provided a satisfactory statement that the beneficial
owner is not a U.S. person, (x) to the extent that the dividend is attributable to certain interest
on an obligation if the foreign shareholder is the issuer or is a 10% shareholder of the issuer,
(y) that is within certain foreign countries that have inadequate information exchange with the
United States, or (z) to the extent the dividend is attributable to interest paid by a person that
is a related person of the foreign shareholder and the foreign shareholder is a controlled foreign
corporation) from U.S.-source interest income of types similar to those not subject to U.S. federal
income tax if earned directly by an individual foreign shareholder, to the extent such
distributions are properly designated by the Fund (interest-related dividends), and (ii) with
respect to distributions (other than (a) distributions to an individual foreign shareholder who is
present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year
of the distribution and (b) distributions subject to special rules regarding the disposition of
U.S. real property interests (USRPIs) (as described below)) of net short-term capital gains in
excess of net long-term capital losses to the extent such distributions are properly designated by
the Fund (short-term capital gain dividends). Depending on the circumstances, the Fund may make
designations of interest-related and/or short-term capital gain dividends with respect to all, some
or none of its potentially eligible dividends and/or treat such dividends, in whole or in part, as
ineligible for these exemptions from withholding. Absent legislation extending these exemptions
for taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2010, these special withholding exemptions for
interest-related and short-term capital gain dividends will expire and these dividends generally
will be subject to withholding as described above. It is currently unclear whether Congress will
extend the exemptions for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2010.
In the case of shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary may withhold even if the Fund
makes a designation with respect to a payment. Foreign shareholders should contact their
intermediaries regarding the application of these rules to their accounts.
Under U.S. federal tax law, a beneficial holder of shares who is a foreign shareholder is not, in
general, subject to U.S. federal income tax on gains (and is not allowed a deduction for losses)
realized on the sale of shares of the Fund or on Capital Gain Dividends unless (i) such gain or
Capital Gain Dividend is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business carried on
by such holder within the United States, (ii) in the case of an individual holder, the holder is
present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year
of the sale or the receipt of the Capital Gain Dividend and certain other conditions are met, or (iii) the shares constitute USRPIs
(as defined below) or the Capital Gain Dividends are attributable to gains from the sale or exchange of USRPIs in accordance with the rules set forth below.
However, these amounts may be subject to backup withholding, unless the foreign shareholder
certifies its non-U.S. status. Also, foreign shareholders with respect to whom income from the
Fund is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business carried on by such shareholder will
in general be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the income derived from the Fund at the
graduated rates applicable to U.S. citizens, residents or domestic corporations, whether such
income is received in cash or reinvested in shares, and, in the case of a foreign corporation, may
also be subject to a branch profits tax. If a foreign shareholder is eligible for the benefits of
a tax treaty, any effectively connected income or gain will generally be subject to U.S. federal
income tax on a net basis only if it is also attributable to a permanent establishment maintained
by the shareholder in the U.S. Again, foreign shareholders who are residents in a country with an
48
income tax treaty with the United States may obtain different tax results, and are urged to consult
their tax advisors.
Special rules apply to distributions to certain foreign persons from a regulated investment company
that is either a U.S. real property holding corporation (USRPHC) or would be a USRPHC absent
exclusions from USRPI treatment for interests in domestically controlled REITS and regulated
investment companies and not-greater-than-5% interests in publicly traded classes of stock in U.S.
REITS and regulated investment companies. Additionally, special rules apply to the sale of shares
in a regulated investment company that is a USRPHC. Very generally, a USRPHC is a domestic
corporation that holds USRPIs USRPIs are defined generally as any interest in U.S. real property
or any equity interest in a USRPHC the fair market value of which equals or exceeds 50% of the
sum of the fair market values of the corporations USRPIs, interests in real property located
outside the United States and other assets. The Fund generally does not expect that it will be a
USRPHC or would be a USRPHC but for the operation of these exceptions, and thus does not expect
these special tax rules to apply.
In order to qualify for any exemptions from withholding described above or for lower withholding
tax rates under income tax treaties, or to establish an exemption from backup withholding, a
foreign shareholder must comply with special certification and filing requirements relating to its
non-US status (including, in general, furnishing an IRS Form W-8BEN or substitute form). Foreign
shareholders in the Fund should consult their tax advisors in this regard.
Foreign shareholders may be subject to state and local tax and to the U.S. federal estate tax in
addition to the federal tax on income referred to above.
Foreign Taxes
The Funds investments in foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding and other taxes
on dividends, interest, or capital gains which will decrease the Funds yield. Such foreign
withholding taxes and other taxes may be reduced or eliminated under income tax treaties between
the United States and certain foreign jurisdictions. Depending on the number of foreign
shareholders in the Fund, however, such reduced foreign withholding tax rates may not be available
for investments in certain jurisdictions.
If, at the end of the Funds taxable year, more than 50% of the value of the total assets of the
Fund is represented by direct investments in stock or securities of foreign corporations, the Fund
may make an election that allows shareholders whose income from the Fund is subject to U.S.
taxation at the graduated rates applicable to U.S. citizens, residents or domestic corporations to
claim a foreign tax credit or deduction (but not both) on their U.S. income tax return. In such a
case, the amount of foreign income and certain other taxes paid by the Fund would be treated as
additional income to Fund shareholders from non-U.S. sources and as foreign taxes paid by Fund
shareholders. Only foreign taxes that meet certain qualifications are eligible for this treatment.
Even if the Fund is eligible to make this election, it may determine not to do so in its sole
discretion, in which case any such qualified foreign taxes paid by the Fund cannot be given this
special pass through treatment by the Fund or its shareholders. Investors should consult their
49
tax advisors for further information relating to the foreign tax credit and deduction, which are
subject to certain restrictions and limitations (including a holding period requirement applied at
both the Fund and shareholder level imposed by the Code). Shareholders whose income from the Fund
is not subject to U.S. taxation at the graduated rates applicable to U.S. citizens, residents or
domestic corporations may receive substantially different tax treatment of distributions by the
Fund, and may be disadvantaged as a result of the Fund making the election described in this
paragraph.
Under current law, the Fund cannot pass through to shareholders foreign tax credits borne in
respect of foreign securities income earned by Underlying RICs. In general, the Fund may only
elect to pass through to its shareholders foreign income taxes it pays provided that it directly
holds more than 50% of its assets in foreign stock and securities at the close of its taxable year.
Foreign securities held indirectly through an Underlying RIC do not contribute to this 50%
threshold.
Tax Implications of Certain Investments
Certain of the Funds investments, including investments in certain types of foreign securities,
foreign currencies, asset-backed securities, assets marked to the market for U.S. federal income
tax purposes, debt obligations issued or purchased at a discount, entities treated as partnerships
for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and, potentially, so-called indexed securities (including
inflation-indexed bonds), may increase or accelerate the Funds recognition of income, including
the recognition of taxable income in excess of the cash they generate. In such cases, the Fund may
be required to sell assets (including when it is not advantageous to do so) to generate the cash
necessary to distribute as dividends to its shareholders all of its income and gains and therefore
to eliminate any tax liability at the Fund level.
The Funds transactions in options, futures contracts, forward contracts, swaps, swaptions and
other derivative financial instruments, as well as its hedging transactions, straddles and short
sales, are subject to one or more special tax rules (including, for instance, notional principal
contract, mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale and short sale rules). These
rules may affect whether gains and losses recognized by the Fund are treated as ordinary or capital
and/or as short-term or long-term, accelerate the recognition of income or gains to the Fund, defer
losses, and cause adjustments in the holding periods of the Funds securities. The rules could
therefore affect the amount, timing and/or character of distributions to shareholders. In
addition, because the tax rules applicable to derivative financial instruments are in some cases
uncertain under current law, in particular in respect of credit default swaps and certain other
swaps with contingent payment obligations, an adverse determination or future guidance by the IRS
with respect to these rules (which determination or guidance could be retroactive) may affect
whether the Fund has made sufficient distributions, and otherwise satisfied the relevant
requirements, to maintain its qualification as a regulated investment company and avoid a
fund-level tax.
Certain of the Funds hedging activities (including transactions in foreign currencies or foreign
currency-denominated instruments) are likely to and certain foreign currency transactions
associated with the redemption of Fund shares (in cases where the Fund permits redemptions of Fund
shares in foreign currencies) may produce a difference between its book income and its
50
taxable income. If a Funds book income exceeds the sum of its taxable income and any net
tax-exempt income, the distribution (if any) of such excess generally will be treated as (i) a
dividend to the extent of the Funds remaining earnings and profits (including earnings and profits
arising from tax-exempt income (if any)), (ii) thereafter, as a return of capital to the extent of
the recipients basis in its shares, and (iii) thereafter, as gain from the sale or exchange of a
capital asset. If a Funds book income is less than the sum of its taxable income and any net
tax-exempt income, the Fund could be required to make distributions exceeding book income to
qualify as a regulated investment company that is accorded special tax treatment.
The Funds participation in repurchase agreements and loans of securities may affect the amount,
timing, and character of distributions to shareholders. With respect to any security subject to a
repurchase agreement or securities loan, any (i) amounts received by the Fund in place of dividends
earned on the security during the period that such security was not directly held by the Fund will
not give rise to qualified dividend income or qualify as dividends eligible for the corporate
dividends-received deduction and (ii) withholding taxes accrued on dividends during the period that
such security was not directly held by the Fund will not qualify as a foreign tax paid by the Fund
and therefore cannot be passed through to shareholders even if the Fund meets the requirements
described in Foreign Taxes, above.
Investments in debt obligations that are at risk of or in default present special tax issues for
the Fund. Tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as whether and to what extent the
Fund should recognize market discount on a debt obligation, when the Fund may cease to accrue
interest, original issue discount or market discount, when and to what extent the Fund may take
deductions for bad debts or worthless securities and how the Fund should allocate payments received
on obligations in default between principal and income. These and other related issues will be
addressed by the Fund when, as and if it invests in such securities, in order to seek to ensure
that it distributes sufficient income to preserve its status as a regulated investment company and
does not become subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.
A portion of the interest paid or accrued on certain high yield discount obligations in which the
Fund may invest may not (and interest paid on debt obligations, if any, that are considered for tax
purposes to be payable in the equity of the issuer or a related party will not) be deductible to
the issuer. This may affect the cash flow of the issuer. If a portion of the interest paid or
accrued on certain high yield discount obligations is not deductible, that portion will be treated
as a dividend for purposes of the corporate dividends-received deduction. In such cases, if the
issuer of the high yield discount obligations is a domestic corporation, dividend payments by the
Fund may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction to the extent of the deemed dividend
portion of such accrued interest.
If the Fund invests in shares of Underlying RICs, its distributable income and gains will normally
consist, in part, of distributions from Underlying RICs and gains and losses on the disposition of
shares of Underlying RICs. To the extent that an Underlying RIC realizes net losses on its
investments for a given taxable year, the Fund will not be able to recognize its share of those
losses (so as to offset income or capital gain generated from other Fund investments, including
from distributions of net income or capital gains from other Underlying RICs) until it disposes of
shares of the Underlying RIC. Moreover, even when the Fund does make such a disposition, a portion
of its loss may be recognized as a long-term capital loss, which will not be
51
treated as favorably for federal income tax purposes as a short-term capital loss or an ordinary
deduction. In particular, the Fund will not be able to offset any capital losses from its
dispositions of Underlying RIC shares against its ordinary income (including distributions of any
net short-term capital gains realized by an Underlying RIC).
In addition, in certain circumstances, the wash sale rules under Section 1091 of the Code may
apply to the Funds sales of Underlying RIC shares that have generated losses. A wash sale occurs
if shares of an Underlying RIC are sold by the Fund at a loss and the Fund acquires additional
shares of that same Underlying RIC 30 days before or after the date of the sale. The wash-sale
rules could defer losses in the Funds hands on sales of Underlying RIC shares (to the extent such
sales are wash sales) for extended periods of time. In addition to the wash-sale rules, certain
related-party transaction rules may cause any losses generated by the Fund on the sale of an
Underlying RICs shares to be deferred (or, in some cases, permanently disallowed) if the Fund and
the Underlying RIC are part of the same controlled group (as defined in Section 267(f) of the
Code) at the time the loss is recognized. For instance, for these purposes, the Fund and an
Underlying RIC will be part of the same controlled group if the Fund owns more than 50% of the
total outstanding voting securities of the Underlying RIC.
As a result of the foregoing rules, and certain other special rules, the amounts of net investment
income and net capital gains that the Fund will be required to distribute to shareholders may be
greater than such amounts would have been had the Fund invested directly in the securities held by
the Underlying RICs, rather than investing in shares of the Underlying RICs. For similar reasons,
the character of distributions from the Fund (e.g., long-term capital gain, exempt interest,
eligibility for dividends-received deduction, etc.) will not necessarily be the same as it would
have been had the Fund invested directly in the securities held by the Underlying RICs.
Depending on the Funds percentage ownership in an Underlying RIC both before and after a
redemption of Underlying RIC shares, the Funds redemption of shares of such Underlying RIC may
cause the Fund to be treated as receiving a dividend taxable as ordinary income on the full amount
of the distribution instead of receiving capital gain income on the shares of the Underlying RIC.
This generally would be the case where the Fund holds a significant interest in an Underlying RIC
and redeems only a small portion of such interest. It is possible that any such dividend would
qualify as qualified dividend income taxable at long-term capital gain rates; otherwise, it would
be taxable as ordinary income.
Special tax considerations apply if the Fund invests in investment companies treated as
partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Fund will be required to include its
distributive share, whether or not actually distributed by an investment company treated as a
partnership, of such an investment companys income, gains, losses, and certain other items for any
investment company taxable year ending within or with the Funds taxable year. In general, the
Fund will not recognize its distributive share of these tax items until the close of the investment
companys taxable year. However, absent the availability of an exception, the Fund will recognize
its distributive share of these tax items as they are recognized by the investment company for
purposes of determining the Funds liability for the 4% excise tax (described above). Therefore,
if the Fund and an investment company have different taxable years, the Fund may be obligated to
make distributions in excess of the net income and gains recognized from that investment company
and yet be unable to avoid the 4% excise tax because it is without
52
sufficient earnings and profits at the end of its taxable year to make a dividend. In some cases,
however, the Fund can take advantage of certain safe harbors which would allow it to include its
distributive share of an investment companys income, gains, losses and certain other items at the
close of the investment companys taxable year for both excise tax purposes and general Subchapter
M purposes, thus avoiding the problems arising from different taxable years. The Funds receipt of
a non-liquidating cash distribution from an investment company treated as a partnership generally
will result in recognized gain (but not loss) only to the extent that the amount of the
distribution exceeds the Funds adjusted basis in shares of such investment company before the
distribution. The Fund that receives a liquidating cash distribution from an investment company
treated as a partnership will recognize capital gain or loss to the extent of the difference
between the proceeds received by the Fund and the Funds adjusted tax basis in shares of such
investment company; however, the Fund generally will recognize ordinary income, rather than capital
gain, to the extent that the Funds allocable share of unrealized receivables (including any
accrued but untaxed market discount) and substantially appreciated inventory, if any, exceeds the
Funds share of the basis in those unrealized receivables and substantially appreciated inventory.
The Funds transactions in foreign currencies, foreign currency-denominated debt obligations and
certain foreign currency options, futures contracts and forward contracts (and similar instruments)
may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from
fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency concerned.
The Funds investments in certain passive foreign investment companies (PFICs), as defined below,
could subject the Fund to a U.S. federal income tax (including interest charges) on distributions
received from a PFIC or on proceeds received from the disposition of shares in a PFIC, which tax
cannot be eliminated by making distributions to Fund shareholders. However, the Fund may make
certain elections to avoid the imposition of that tax. For example, the Fund may elect to treat a
PFIC as a qualified electing fund (QEF) (i.e., make a QEF election), in which case the Fund
will be required to include its share of the PFICs income and net capital gain annually,
regardless of whether it receives any distribution from the PFIC. Alternately, the Fund may make
an election to mark the gains (and to a limited extent losses) in such holdings to the market as
though it had sold (and, solely for purposes of this mark-to-market election, repurchased) its
holdings in those PFICs on the last day of the Funds taxable year. Such gains and losses are
treated as ordinary income and loss. The QEF and mark-to-market elections may have the effect of
accelerating the recognition of income (without the receipt of cash) and increasing the amount
required to be distributed for the Fund to avoid taxation. Making either of these elections
therefore may require the Fund to liquidate other investments (including when it is not
advantageous to do so) to meet its distribution requirement, which also may accelerate the
recognition of gain and affect the Funds total return. The Fund that indirectly invests in PFICs
by virtue of the Funds investment in other investment companies may not make such elections;
rather, the underlying investment companies directly investing in PFICs would decide whether to
make such elections.
A PFIC is any foreign corporation in which (i) 75% or more of the gross income for the taxable year
is passive income, or (ii) the average percentage of the assets (generally by value, but by
adjusted tax basis in certain cases) that produce, or are held for the production of, passive
income is at least 50%. Generally, passive income for this purpose means dividends, interest
(including
53
income equivalent to interest), royalties, rents, annuities, the excess of gains over losses from
certain property transactions and commodities transactions, income from certain notional principal
contracts, and foreign currency gains. Passive income for this purpose does not include rents and
royalties received by the foreign corporation from active business and certain income received from
related persons.
Dividends paid by PFICs will not be eligible to be treated as qualified dividend income.
A U.S. person, including the Fund, who owns (directly or indirectly) 10% or more of the total
combined voting power of all classes of stock of a foreign corporation is a U.S. Shareholder for
purposes of the controlled foreign corporation (CFC) provisions of the Code. A CFC is a foreign
corporation that, on any day of its taxable year, is owned (directly, indirectly or constructively)
more than 50% (measured by voting power or value) by U.S. Shareholders. From time to time, the
Fund may be a U.S. Shareholder in a CFC. As a U.S. Shareholder, the Fund is required to include in
gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes all of a CFCs subpart F income, whether or not
such income is actually distributed by the CFC, provided that the foreign corporation has been a
CFC for at least 30 uninterrupted days in the taxable year. Subpart F income generally includes
interest, original issue discount (OID), dividends, net gains from the disposition of stocks or
securities, receipts with respect to securities loans and net payments received with respect to
equity swaps and similar derivatives. Subpart F income is treated as ordinary income, regardless
of the character of the CFCs underlying income, and net losses incurred by the CFC during a tax
year will not be available to the Fund for the purpose of offsetting such gain. To the extent the
Fund invests in a CFC and recognizes subpart F income in excess of actual distributions from the
CFC, it may be required to sell assets (including when it is not advantageous to do so) to generate
the cash necessary to distribute as dividends to its shareholders all of its income and gains and
therefore to eliminate any tax liability at the Fund level.
From time to time, the Fund may invest in municipal obligations. The interest on municipal
obligations is generally exempt from federal income tax. However, the interest on municipal
obligations may be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax both for individuals and
corporations (e.g., in the case of interest earned on certain private activity bonds) and may be
subject to state and local taxes. The Fund does not expect to invest 50% or more of its assets in
municipal obligations, the interest on which is exempt from the federal income tax. As a result,
the Fund does not expect to be eligible to pay exempt-interest dividends to its shareholders
under the applicable tax rules. As a result, interest on municipal obligations is taxable to
shareholders of the Fund, when received as a distribution from the Fund. In addition, gains
realized by the Fund on the sale or exchange of municipal obligations is taxable to shareholders of
the Fund.
Loss of Regulated Investment Company Status
The Fund may experience particular difficulty qualifying as a regulated investment company in the
case of highly unusual market movements, or in the case of high redemption levels, and/or during
the first year of its operations. If the Fund were to not qualify for taxation as a regulated
investment company for any taxable year, the Funds income would be taxed at the Fund level at
regular corporate rates, and all distributions from earnings and profits, including distributions
of
54
net long-term capital gains and net tax-exempt income (if any), generally would be taxable to
shareholders as ordinary income. Such distributions generally would be eligible (i) to be treated
as qualified dividend income in the case of shareholders taxed as individuals and (ii) for the
dividends-received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders, provided, in both cases, the
shareholder meets certain holding period and other requirements in respect of the Funds shares.
In addition, in order to requalify for taxation as a regulated investment company that is accorded
special tax treatment, the Fund may be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial
taxes and interest on such gains, and make certain substantial distributions.
Tax Shelter Reporting Regulations
Under Treasury regulations, if a shareholder recognizes a loss on disposition of the Funds shares
of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate
shareholder, the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct
shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement,
but under current guidance, shareholders of a regulated investment company are not excepted.
Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to shareholders of
most or all regulated investment companies. The fact that a loss is reportable under these
regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayers treatment of the loss
is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these
regulations in light of their individual circumstances.
State, Local and Other Tax Matters
The foregoing discussion relates only to U.S. federal income tax consequences of investing in the
Fund for shareholders who are U.S. citizens, residents or domestic corporations. The consequences
under other tax laws may differ. This discussion has not addressed all aspects of taxation that
may be relevant to particular shareholders in light of their own investment or tax circumstances,
or to particular types of shareholders (including insurance companies, financial institutions or
broker-dealers, tax-exempt entities, foreign corporations, and persons who are not citizens or
residents of the United States) subject to special treatment under the federal income tax laws.
This summary is based on the Code, the regulations thereunder, published rulings and court
decisions, all as currently in effect. These laws are subject to change, possibly on a retroactive
basis. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors about the precise tax consequences of an
investment in the Fund in light of their particular tax situation, including possible foreign,
state, local or other applicable tax laws.
MANAGEMENT OF THE TRUST
The following tables present information regarding each Trustee and officer of the Trust as of the
date of this Statement of Additional Information. Each Trustees and officers date of birth
(DOB) is set forth after his or her name. Unless otherwise noted, (i) each Trustee and officer
has engaged in the principal occupation(s) noted in the table for at least the most recent five
years, although not necessarily in the same capacity, and (ii) the address of each Trustee and
officer is c/o GMO Trust, 40 Rowes Wharf, Boston, MA 02110. Each Trustee serves in office until
the earlier of (a) the election and qualification of a successor at the next meeting of
shareholders called to elect Trustees or (b) the Trustee dies, resigns, or is removed as provided
in
55
the Trusts governing documents. Each of the Trustees of the Trust is not an interested person of
the Trust, as such term is used in the 1940 Act. Because the Fund does not hold annual meetings of
shareholders, each Trustee will hold office for an indeterminate period. Each officer serves in
office until his or her successor is elected and determined to be qualified to carry out the duties
and responsibilities of the office, or until the officer resigns or is removed from office.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
of
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portfolios
|
|
|
Name, Date of Birth,
|
|
|
|
Principal
|
|
in Fund
|
|
|
and Position(s) Held
|
|
Length of
|
|
Occupation(s)
|
|
Complex
|
|
Other
|
with the Trust
|
|
Time Served
|
|
During Past 5 Years
|
|
Overseen
|
|
Directorships Held
|
Donald W. Glazer, Esq.
Chairman of the Board
of Trustees
DOB: 07/26/1944
|
|
Chairman of the
Board of Trustees
since March 2005;
Lead Independent
Trustee (September
2004-March 2005);
Trustee since
December 2000.
|
|
ConsultantLaw and
Business
1
;
Author of Legal
Treatises.
|
|
|
60
|
|
|
None.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Nicholas Thorndike
Trustee
DOB: 03/28/1933
|
|
Since March 2005.
|
|
Director or trustee
of various
corporations and
charitable
organizations,
including Courier
Corporation (a book
publisher and
manufacturer) (July
1989-present); Putnam
Funds (December
1992-June 2004); and
Providence Journal (a
newspaper publisher)
(December
1986-December 2003).
|
|
|
60
|
|
|
Director of Courier
Corporation (a book
publisher and
manufacturer);
Member of the
Investment
Committee of
Partners HealthCare
System,
Inc.
2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Peter Tufano
Trustee
DOB: 04/22/1957
|
|
Since December 2008.
|
|
Sylvan C. Coleman
Professor of
Financial Management,
Harvard Business
School
(since 1989).
|
|
|
60
|
|
|
Trustee of State
Street Navigator
Securities Lending
Trust
(3
Portfolios).
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
As part of Mr. Glazers work as a consultant, he provides part-time consulting
services to Goodwin Procter LLP (Goodwin). Goodwin has provided legal services to Renewable
Resources, LLC, an affiliate of GMO; GMO, in connection with its relationship with Renewable
Resources; and funds managed by Renewable Resources. Mr. Glazer has represented that he has no
financial interest in, and is not involved in the provision of, such legal services. In the
calendar years ended December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2008, these entities paid $789,416 and
$183,775, respectively, in legal fees and disbursements to Goodwin. In correspondence with the
Staff of the SEC beginning in August 2006, the Independent Trustees legal counsel provided the
Staff with information regarding Mr. Glazers relationship with Goodwin and his other business
activities. On September 11, 2007, based on information that had been given to the Staff as of that
date, the Staff provided oral no-action assurance consistent with the opinion of the Independent
Trustees legal counsel that Mr. Glazer is not an interested person of the Trust.
|
|
|
2
|
|
Partners HealthCare System, Inc. is a client of the Manager.
|
56
Officers
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Position(s) Held
|
|
Length
|
|
Principal Occupation(s)
|
Name and Date of Birth
|
|
with the Trust
|
|
of Time Served
|
|
During Past 5 Years
1
|
Scott Eston
DOB: 01/20/1956
|
|
President and Chief
Executive Officer
|
|
President and Chief
Executive Officer
since October 2002;
Chief Financial
Officer, November
2006 February
2007.
|
|
Chief Operating Officer and
Member, Grantham, Mayo, Van
Otterloo & Co. LLC.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sheppard N. Burnett
DOB: 10/24/1968
|
|
Treasurer and Chief
Financial Officer
|
|
Chief Financial
Officer since March
2007; Treasurer
since November
2006; Assistant
Treasurer,
September 2004
November 2006.
|
|
Fund Administration Staff,
Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo &
Co. LLC (June 2004-present);
Vice President, Director of
Tax, Columbia Management Group
(2002-2004).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Brent C. Arvidson
DOB: 06/26/1969
|
|
Assistant Treasurer
|
|
Since August 1998.
|
|
Senior Fund Administrator,
Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo &
Co. LLC.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
John L. Nasrah
DOB: 05/27/1977
|
|
Assistant Treasurer
|
|
Since March 2007.
|
|
Fund Administrator, Grantham,
Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co. LLC
(September 2004-present); Tax
Analyst, Bain & Company, Inc.
(June 2003-September 2004).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mahmoodur Rahman
DOB: 11/30/1967
|
|
Assistant Treasurer
|
|
Since September
2007.
|
|
Fund Administrator, Grantham,
Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co. LLC
(April 2007-present); Vice
President and Senior Tax
Manager, Massachusetts
Financial Services Company
(January 2000-April 2007).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Michael E. Gillespie
DOB: 02/18/1958
|
|
Chief Compliance
Officer
|
|
Since March 2005.
|
|
Vice President of Compliance
(June 2004-February 2005) and
Director of Domestic
Compliance (March 2002-June
2004), Fidelity Investments.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jason B. Harrison
DOB: 01/29/1977
|
|
Vice President and
Clerk
|
|
Vice President
since November
2006; Clerk since
March 2006.
|
|
Legal Counsel, Grantham, Mayo,
Van Otterloo & Co. LLC (since
February 2006) and Attorney,
Ropes & Gray LLP (September
2002-February 2006).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
David L. Bohan
DOB: 06/21/1964
|
|
Vice President and
Assistant Clerk
|
|
Vice President
since March 2005;
Assistant Clerk
since March 2006.
|
|
Legal Counsel, Grantham, Mayo,
Van Otterloo & Co. LLC
(September 2003-present).
|
57
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Position(s) Held
|
|
Length
|
|
Principal Occupation(s)
|
Name and Date of Birth
|
|
with the Trust
|
|
of Time Served
|
|
During Past 5 Years
1
|
Gregory L. Pottle
DOB: 07/09/1971
|
|
Vice President and
Assistant Clerk
|
|
Since November 2006.
|
|
Legal Counsel, Grantham, Mayo,
Van Otterloo & Co. LLC.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anne K. Trinque
DOB: 04/15/1978
|
|
Vice President and
Assistant Clerk
|
|
Since September
2007.
|
|
Legal Counsel, Grantham, Mayo,
Van Otterloo & Co. LLC
(January 2007-present);
Attorney, Goodwin Procter LLP
(September 2003-January 2007).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cheryl Wakeham
DOB: 10/29/1958
|
|
Vice President and
Anti-Money
Laundering Officer
|
|
Since December 2004.
|
|
Manager, Client Service
Administration, Grantham,
Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co. LLC.
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
Each of Messrs. Burnett, Arvidson, Bohan, and Pottle serves as an officer and/or
director of certain pooled investment vehicles of which GMO or an affiliate of GMO serves as the
investment adviser.
|
Trustees Responsibilities.
Under the provisions of the GMO Declaration of Trust, the Trustees
manage the business of the Trust, an open-end management investment company. The Trustees have all
powers necessary or convenient to carry out that responsibility, including the power to engage in
securities transactions on behalf of the Trust. Without limiting the foregoing, the Trustees may:
adopt By-Laws not inconsistent with the Declaration of Trust providing for the regulation and
management of the affairs of the Trust; amend and repeal By-Laws to the extent that such By-Laws do
not reserve that right to the shareholders; fill vacancies in or remove members of the Board of
Trustees (including any vacancies created by an increase in the number of Trustees); remove members
of the Board of Trustees with or without cause; elect and remove such officers and appoint and
terminate agents as they consider appropriate; appoint members of the Board of Trustees to one or
more committees consisting of two or more Trustees, which may exercise the powers and authority of
the Trustees, and terminate any such appointments; employ one or more custodians of the assets of
the Trust and authorize such custodians to employ subcustodians and to deposit all or any part of
such assets in a system or systems for the central handling of securities or with a Federal Reserve
Bank; retain a transfer agent or a shareholder servicing agent, or both; provide for the
distribution of Shares by the Trust, through one or more principal underwriters or otherwise; set
record dates for the determination of Shareholders with respect to various matters; and in general
delegate such authority as they consider desirable to any officer of the Trust, to any committee of
the Trustees, and to any agent or employee of the Trust or to any such custodian or underwriter.
The Board of Trustees has three standing committees: the Audit Committee, the Pricing Committee
and the Governance Committee. For the period from March 1, 2008 to February 28, 2009, the Audit
Committee held 5 meetings; the Pricing Committee held 16 meetings; and the Governance Committee
held 7 meetings.
The Committees assist the Board of Trustees in performing its functions under the 1940 Act and
Massachusetts law. The Audit Committee provides oversight with respect to the Trusts accounting,
its financial reporting policies and practices, the quality and objectivity of the Trusts
58
financial statements and the independent audit of those statements. In addition, the Audit
Committee appoints, determines the independence and compensation of, and oversees the work of the
Funds independent auditors and acts as a liaison between the Trusts independent auditors and the
Board of Trustees. Mr. Tufano and Mr. Glazer are members of the Audit Committee. Mr. Tufano is
the Chairman of the Audit Committee. The Pricing Committee oversees the valuation of the Funds
securities and other assets. The Pricing Committee also reviews and makes recommendations
regarding the Trusts Pricing Policies and, to the extent required by the Pricing Policies,
determines the fair value of the Funds securities or other assets, as well as performs such other
duties as may be delegated to it by the Board. Mr. Glazer and Mr. Tufano are members of the
Pricing Committee. Mr. Glazer is the Chairman of the Pricing Committee. The Governance Committee
oversees general Fund governance-related matters, including making recommendations to the Board of
Trustees relating to Trust governance, performing functions mandated by the 1940 Act, as delegated
to it by the Board of Trustees, considering the skills, qualifications, and independence of the
Trustees, proposing candidates to serve as Trustees, and overseeing the determination that any
person serving as legal counsel for the Independent Trustees meets the 1940 Act requirements for
being independent legal counsel. Mr. Glazer, Mr. Thorndike, and Mr. Tufano are members of the
Governance Committee. Mr. Thorndike is the Chairman of the Governance Committee.
Shareholders may recommend nominees to the Board of Trustees by writing the Board of Trustees, c/o
GMO Trust Chief Compliance Officer, GMO Trust, 40 Rowes Wharf, Boston, Massachusetts 02110. A
recommendation must (i) be in writing and signed by the shareholder, (ii) identify the Fund to
which it relates, and (iii) identify the class and number of shares held by the shareholder.
Trustee Fund Ownership
The following table sets forth ranges of the current Trustees direct beneficial share ownership in
the Fund and the aggregate dollar ranges of their direct beneficial share ownership in all Funds of
the Trust (including Funds not offered in the Prospectus) as of December 31, 2008.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of Shares
|
|
|
|
|
Directly Owned in all
|
|
|
Dollar Range of
|
|
Funds of the Trust (whether
|
|
|
Shares Directly
|
|
or not offered in the Prospectus)
|
Name
|
|
Owned in the Fund*
|
|
Overseen by Trustee
|
Donald W. Glazer
|
|
None
|
|
Over $100,000
|
W. Nicholas Thorndike
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
Peter Tufano
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
*
|
|
The Fund will commence operations on or following the date of this Statement of Additional
Information and, therefore, has not yet offered any shares for sale.
|
The following table sets forth ranges of Mr. Glazers indirect beneficial share ownership in the
Fund and the aggregate dollar range of his indirect beneficial share ownership in all Funds of the
Trust (including Funds not offered in the Prospectus), as of December 31, 2008, by virtue of his
59
direct ownership of shares of certain Funds (as disclosed in the table immediately above) that
invest in other Funds of the Trust and of other private investment companies managed by the Manager
that invest in Funds of the Trust.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of Shares
|
|
|
|
|
Indirectly Owned in all
|
|
|
Dollar Range of
|
|
Funds of the Trust (whether
|
|
|
Shares Indirectly Owned
|
|
or not offered in the Prospectus)
|
Name
|
|
in the Fund*
|
|
Overseen by Trustee
|
Donald W. Glazer
|
|
None
|
|
Over $100,000
|
|
|
|
*
|
|
The Fund will commence operations on or following the date of this Statement of Additional
Information and, therefore, has not yet offered any shares for sale.
|
Trustee Ownership of Securities Issued by the Manager or Principal Underwriter
None.
Trustee Ownership of Related Companies
The following table sets forth information about securities owned by the Trustees and their family
members, as of December 31, 2008, in entities directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or
under common control with the Manager or Funds Distributor, LLC, the Funds principal underwriter.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name of
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name of
|
|
Owner(s) and
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-Interested
|
|
Relationship
|
|
|
|
Title of
|
|
Value of
|
|
|
|
|
Trustee
|
|
to Trustee
|
|
Company
|
|
Class
|
|
Securities
2
|
|
|
% of Class
|
|
Donald W. Glazer
|
|
Self
|
|
GMO Multi Strategy
Fund (Offshore), a
|
|
Limited partnership
|
|
$
|
1,179,264
|
|
|
|
0.04
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
private investment
|
|
interest-Class A
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
company managed by
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
the
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Manager.
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Nicholas
Thorndike
|
|
N/A
|
|
None
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Peter Tufano
|
|
N/A
|
|
None
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
The Manager may be deemed to control this fund by virtue of its serving as
investment manager of the fund.
|
|
|
2
|
|
Securities valued as of December 31, 2008.
|
|
Remuneration.
The Trust has adopted a compensation policy for its Trustees. Each Trustee receives
an annual retainer from the Trust for his services. In addition, each Chairman of the Trusts
standing committees and the Chairman of the Board of Trustees receive an annual fee. Each Trustee
also is paid a fee for participating in in-person and telephone meetings of the Board of Trustees
and its committees, and a fee for consideration of actions proposed to be taken by written consent.
The Trust pays no additional compensation for travel time to meetings,
60
attendance at directors educational seminars or conferences, service on industry or association
committees, participation as speakers at directors conferences, or service on special director
task forces or subcommittees, although the Trust does reimburse Trustees for seminar or conference
fees and for travel expenses incurred in connection with attendance at seminars or conferences.
The Trustees do not receive any employee benefits such as pension or retirement benefits or health
insurance. All current Trustees of the Trust are non-interested Trustees.
Other than as set forth in the table below, no Trustee of the Trust received any direct
compensation from the Trust or the Fund during the Trusts fiscal year ended February 28, 2009, and
no officer of the Trust received aggregate compensation exceeding $60,000 from the Fund:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name of Person, Position
|
|
|
Donald W.
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Nicholas
|
|
|
|
|
Glazer, Esq.,
|
|
Jay O. Light,
|
|
Thorndike,
|
|
Peter Tufano,
|
|
|
Trustee
|
|
Trustee
1
|
|
Trustee
|
|
Trustee
2
|
Compensation from the Fund:
|
|
$
|
600
|
3
|
|
$
|
0
|
3
|
|
$
|
425
|
3
|
|
$
|
275
|
3
|
Pension or Retirement Benefits Accrued
as Part of Fund Expenses:
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
Estimated Annual Benefits Upon
Retirement:
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
N/A
|
|
Total Compensation from the Trust:
|
|
$
|
399,390
|
4
|
|
$
|
261,068
|
4
|
|
$
|
311,653
|
4
|
|
$
|
20,933
|
4
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
Mr. Light resigned as a Trustee effective December 2008 and no longer serves as a
Trustee of the Trust.
|
|
|
2
|
|
Mr. Tufano was elected as a Trustee effective December 2008.
|
|
|
3
|
|
Reflects an estimate of the direct compensation to be paid to each Trustee for the
Funds initial fiscal year ending February 28, 2010. Actual direct compensation paid to the
Trustees will vary depending on the net assets of the Fund throughout its initial fiscal year.
|
|
|
4
|
|
Reflects actual direct compensation received during the fiscal year ended February 28,
2009 from Funds of the Trust that had commenced operations on or before February 28, 2009,
including Funds that are not offered through the Prospectus.
|
|
Mr. Eston does not receive any compensation from the Trust, but as a member of the Manager will
benefit from the management fees paid by the Fund and various other Funds of the Trust not offered
through the Prospectus. The officers of the Trust do not receive any employee benefits such as
pension or retirement benefits or health insurance from the Trust.
The Fund will commence operations on or following the date of this Statement of Additional
Information. Therefore, as of the date hereof, the Trustees and officers of the Trust as a group
owned less than 1% of the outstanding shares of each class of shares of the Fund.
Code of Ethics.
The Trust and the Manager have each adopted a Code of Ethics pursuant to the
requirements of the 1940 Act. Under the Code of Ethics, personnel are permitted to engage in
personal securities transactions only in accordance with specified conditions relating to their
position, the identity of the security, the timing of the transaction, and similar factors.
Transactions in securities that may be purchased or held by the Fund are permitted, subject to
61
compliance with the Code. Personal securities transactions must be reported quarterly and broker
confirmations must be provided for review.
The non-interested Trustees of the Trust are subject to a separate Code of Ethics for the
Independent Trustees pursuant to the requirements of the 1940 Act. Transactions by the Independent
Trustees in securities, including securities that may be purchased or held by the Fund, are
permitted, subject to compliance with the Code of Ethics. Pursuant to the Code of Ethics, an
Independent Trustee ordinarily is not required to report his or her personal securities
transactions or to identify his or her brokerage accounts to the Fund or its representatives,
subject to certain limited exceptions specified in the Code of Ethics.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES
Management Contract
As disclosed in the Prospectus under the heading Management of the Fund, under the Management
Contract (the Management Contract) between the Trust, on behalf of the Fund, and the Manager,
subject to such policies as the Trustees of the Trust may determine, the Manager furnishes
continuously an investment or asset allocation program, as applicable, for the Fund, and makes
investment decisions on behalf of the Fund and places all orders for the purchase and sale of
portfolio securities. Subject to the control of the Trustees, the Manager also manages,
supervises, and conducts the other affairs and business of the Trust, furnishes office space and
equipment, provides bookkeeping and certain clerical services, and pays all salaries, fees, and
expenses of officers and Trustees of the Trust who are affiliated with the Manager. As indicated
under Portfolio Transactions Brokerage and Research Services, the Trusts portfolio
transactions may be placed with broker-dealers who furnish the Manager, at no cost, research,
statistical and quotation services of value to the Manager in advising the Trust or its other
clients.
As disclosed in the Prospectus, the Manager has contractually agreed to reimburse the Fund for
specified Fund expenses through at least June 30, 2010.
The Management Contract provides that the Manager shall not be subject to any liability in
connection with the performance of its services in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith,
gross negligence, or reckless disregard of its obligations and duties.
The Management Contract was approved by the Trustees of the Trust (including a majority of the
Trustees who were not interested persons of the Manager) and by the Funds sole initial
shareholder in connection with the organization of the Trust and the establishment of the Fund.
The Management Contract continues in effect for a period of two years from the date of its
execution and continuously thereafter so long as its continuance is approved at least annually by
(i) the vote, cast in person at a meeting called for that purpose, of a majority of those Trustees
who are not interested persons of the Manager or the Trust, and by (ii) the majority vote of
either the full Board of Trustees or the vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund.
The Management Contract automatically terminates on assignment, and is terminable on not
62
more than 60 days notice by the Trust to the Manager. In addition, each Management Contract may
be terminated on not more than 60 days written notice by the Manager to the Trust.
The Funds Management Fee is calculated based on a fixed percentage of the Funds average daily net
assets. The Fund will commence operations on or following the date of this Statement of Additional
Information and, therefore, has not yet paid the Manager any Management Fees as of the date hereof.
However, once the Fund commences operations, it will pay to the Manager a Management Fee at an
annual rate of 0.25% of the Funds average daily net assets. In the event that the Manager ceases
to be the manager of the Fund, the right of the Trust to use the identifying name GMO may be
withdrawn.
Portfolio Management
GMOs Asset Allocation Division is responsible for overall investment management and strategic
direction of the Fund. GMOs Fixed Income Division is responsible for day-to-day management of the
Fund. Each division is comprised of investment professionals associated with the Manager. Each
divisions members work collaboratively to manage the Funds portfolio, and no one person is
primarily responsible for day-to-day management of the Fund.
The following table sets forth information about accounts overseen or managed by the senior members
of GMOs Asset Allocation Division and GMOs Fixed Income Division as of February 28, 2009.
63
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Registered investment companies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
managed (including non-GMO mutual
|
|
Other pooled investment vehicles
|
|
Separate accounts managed
|
Senior Member
|
|
fund subadvisory relationships)
|
|
managed (world-wide)
|
|
(world-wide)
|
|
|
Number of accounts
1
|
|
Total assets
1,2
|
|
Number of accounts
|
|
Total assets
|
|
Number of accounts
|
|
Total assets
|
Thomas Cooper
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
$
|
7,072,485,308
|
|
|
|
13
|
|
|
$
|
3,041,725,721
|
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
$
|
2,168,719,377
|
|
William Nemerever
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
$
|
7,072,485,308
|
|
|
|
13
|
|
|
$
|
3,041,725,721
|
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
$
|
2,168,719,377
|
|
Ben Inker
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
$
|
12,385,005,520
|
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
$
|
3,382,738,438
|
|
|
|
186
|
|
|
$
|
11,978,188,155
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Registered investment companies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
managed for which GMO receives a
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
performance-based fee (including non-
|
|
Other pooled investment vehicles
|
|
Separate accounts managed
|
|
|
GMO mutual fund subadvisory
|
|
managed (world-wide) for which GMO
|
|
(world-wide) for which GMO receives a
|
|
|
relationships)
|
|
receives a performance-based fee
|
|
performance-based fee
|
|
|
Number of accounts
|
|
Total assets
|
|
Number of accounts
|
|
Total assets
|
|
Number of accounts
|
|
Total assets
|
Thomas Cooper
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
$
|
1,401,899,548
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
$
|
1,039,790,211
|
|
William Nemerever
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
$
|
1,401,899,548
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
$
|
1,039,790,211
|
|
Ben Inker
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
|
|
92
|
|
|
$
|
6,874,210,964
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
Includes Funds of the Trust (including Funds not offered through the Prospectus) that
had commenced operations on or before February 28, 2009. Does not include the Fund because the
Fund had not commenced operations as of February 28, 2009.
|
|
2
|
|
For some senior members, Total assets includes assets invested by other Funds of the
Trust.
|
64
Because each senior member manages other accounts, including accounts that pay higher fees or
accounts that pay performance-based fees, potential conflicts of interest exist, including
potential conflicts between the investment strategy of the Fund and the investment strategy of the
other accounts managed by the senior member and potential conflicts in the allocation of investment
opportunities between the Fund and the other accounts.
Senior members of each division are generally members (partners) of GMO. As of February 28, 2009,
the compensation of each senior member consisted of a fixed annual base salary, a partnership
interest in the firms profits and, possibly, an additional, discretionary, bonus related to the
senior members contribution to GMOs success. The compensation program does not
disproportionately reward outperformance by higher fee/performance fee products. Base salary is
determined by taking into account current industry norms and market data to ensure that GMO pays a
competitive base salary. The level of partnership interest is determined by taking into account
the individuals contribution to GMO and its mission statement. A discretionary bonus may also be
paid to recognize specific business contributions and to ensure that the total level of
compensation is competitive with the market. Because each persons compensation is based on his or
her individual performance, GMO does not have a typical percentage split among base salary, bonus
and other compensation. A GMO membership interest is the primary incentive for persons to maintain
employment with GMO. GMO believes this is the best incentive to maintain stability of portfolio
management personnel.
Senior Member Fund Ownership
.
The Fund will commence operations on or following the date of this
Statement of Additional Information and has not yet offered any shares for sale. Therefore, as of
the date hereof, none of Mr. Cooper, Mr. Inker or Mr. Nemerever had any direct or indirect
beneficial ownership in the Fund.
Custodial Arrangements and Fund Accounting Agent
.
State Street Bank and Trust Company (State
Street Bank), One Lincoln Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111 serves as the Trusts custodian and
fund accounting agent on behalf of the Fund. As such, State Street Bank holds in safekeeping
certificated securities and cash belonging to the Fund and, in such capacity, is the registered
owner of securities in book-entry form belonging to the Fund. Upon instruction, State Street Bank
receives and delivers cash and securities of the Fund in connection with Fund transactions and
collects all dividends and other distributions made with respect to Fund portfolio securities.
State Street Bank also maintains certain accounts and records of the Trust and calculates the total
net asset value, total net income and net asset value per share of the Fund on a daily basis.
Shareholder Service Arrangements
.
As disclosed in the Prospectus, pursuant to the terms of a
single Servicing Agreement with the Funds of the Trust, GMO provides direct client service,
maintenance, and reporting to shareholders of the Fund. The Servicing Agreement was approved by
the Trustees of the Trust (including a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons of
the Manager or the Trust). The Servicing Agreement will continue in effect for a period of more
than one year from the date of its execution only so long as its continuance is approved at least
annually by (i) the vote, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose, of a majority of
those Trustees who are not interested persons of the Manager or the Trust, and (ii) the majority
vote of the full Board of Trustees. The Servicing Agreement automatically terminates on assignment
(except as specifically provided in the Servicing Agreement) and is
65
terminable by either party upon not more than 60 days written notice to the other party. The Fund
will commence operations on or following the date of this Statement of Additional Information and,
therefore, the Fund has not yet paid the Manager a Shareholder Service Fee. However, once the Fund
commences operations, the Class III Shares and Class VI Shares of the Fund will pay the Manager a
Shareholder Service Fee of 0.15% and 0.055%, respectively, of the Funds average daily net assets
attributable to the relevant class of shares of the Fund.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
.
The Trusts independent registered public
accounting firm is PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, 125 High Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02110.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP conducts annual audits of the Trusts financial statements, assists in
the preparation of the Funds federal and state income tax returns, consults with the Trust as to
matters of accounting and federal and state income taxation, and provides assistance in connection
with the preparation of various SEC filings.
Distributor
.
Funds Distributor, LLC, 10 High Street, Suite 302, Boston, Massachusetts 02110, serves as the
Trusts distributor on behalf of the Fund. GMO pays all distribution-related expenses of the Fund.
Counsel
.
Ropes & Gray LLP, One International Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02110, serves as counsel
to the Trust. Bingham McCutchen LLP, 150 Federal Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02110, serves as
independent counsel to the non-interested Trustees of the Trust.
Transfer Agent
.
State Street Bank serves as the Trusts transfer agent on behalf of the Fund.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS
The Manager makes decisions to buy and sell portfolio securities for the Fund and for each of its
other investment advisory clients with a view to achieving each clients investment objectives,
taking into consideration client-specific factors such as, without limitation, cash flows into or
out of a client account, the accounts benchmarks, and cash restrictions. Therefore, a particular
security may be bought or sold for certain clients of the Manager even though it could have been
bought or sold for other clients at the same time. Also, a particular security may be bought for
one or more clients when one or more other clients are selling the security or taking a short
position in the security, including clients managed by the same investment division. It is the
Managers policy to aggregate and allocate portfolio trades in a manner that seeks to ensure that
each client receives fair and equitable treatment over time, as well as best execution.
In certain cases, the Manager may identify investment opportunities that are suitable for the Fund
and one or more private investment companies for which the Manager or one of its affiliates serves
as investment manager, general partner and/or managing member (GMO Private Funds). In most
cases, the Manager receives greater compensation in respect of a GMO Private Fund (including
incentive-based compensation) than it receives in respect of the Fund. In addition, senior members
or other portfolio managers frequently have a personal investment in a GMO Private Fund that is
greater than such persons investment in a similar GMO Fund (or, in some cases, may have no
investment in the similar GMO Fund). The Manager itself also makes investments in GMO Private
Funds. To help manage these potential conflicts, the Manager has developed and reviewed with the
Trusts Board of Trustees trade allocation policies that
66
establish a framework for allocating initial public offerings (IPOs) and other limited opportunities that
takes into account the needs and objectives of each Fund and the other GMO clients. One of the
Private Funds managed by GMOs Emerging Markets Division, the GMO Emerging Illiquid Fund L.P.
(EIF), focuses on investments with relatively less liquidity. Consequently, certain types of
investments, including securities of companies with smaller market capitalizations, IPOs and
private placements with smaller offering sizes and other relatively less liquid investments will,
within the Emerging Markets Division, ordinarily be allocated 100% to EIF as opposed to other
Emerging Markets strategies (including GMO Emerging Markets Fund). In other cases, the GMO
Emerging Markets strategies (including GMO Emerging Markets Fund) and EIF will receive an
allocation of limited investments that are suitable for each, but the GMO Emerging Markets
strategies (including GMO Emerging Markets Fund) may receive a lesser allocation, or no allocation,
of such investments than would be the case if the allocation were pro rated by assets. As a
result, there may be cases where EIF receives an allocation of a specific limited opportunity
greater than would be the case if the allocation were pro rated by assets. Similar issues may
arise with respect to the disposition of such securities. In general, the Emerging Markets
Division and other GMO Divisions divide IPOs between themselves pro rata based upon indications of
interest.
Transactions involving the issuance of Fund shares for securities or assets other than cash will be
limited to a bona fide reorganization or statutory merger and to other acquisitions of portfolio
securities that meet all of the following conditions: (i) such securities meet the investment
objectives and policies of the Fund; (ii) such securities are acquired for investment and not for
resale; and (iii) such securities can be valued pursuant to the Trusts pricing policies.
Brokerage and Research Services
.
In selecting brokers and dealers to effect portfolio transactions
for the Fund, the Manager seeks best execution. Best execution is not based solely on the explicit
commission charged by the broker/dealer and consequently, a broker/dealer effecting a transaction
may be paid a commission higher than that charged by another broker/dealer. The determination of
what may constitute best execution involves a number of considerations, including, without
limitation, the overall net economic result to the Fund, the efficiency with which the transaction
is effected, access to order flow, the ability of the executing broker/dealer to effect the
transaction where a large block is involved, reliability (e.g., lack of failed trades),
availability of the broker/dealer to stand ready to execute possibly difficult transactions in the
future, in the case of fixed income securities, the broker/dealers inventory of securities sought,
the financial strength and stability of the broker/dealer, and the relative weighting of
opportunity costs (i.e. timeliness of execution) by different strategies. In some instances, the
Manager may utilize principal bids with consideration to such factors as reported broker flow, past
bids, and a firms ability and willingness to commit capital. Most of the foregoing are judgmental
considerations made in advance of the trade and are not always borne out by the actual execution.
The Managers broker/dealer selection may, in addition to the factors listed above, also be based
on research services provided by the broker/dealer. The Manager may also direct trades to
broker/dealers based in part on the broker/dealers history of providing, and capability to
continue providing, pricing information for securities purchased. Best execution may be determined
for investment strategies without regard to client specific limitations (e.g., limits on the use of
derivatives for anticipatory hedging).
67
Generally, the Manager determines the overall reasonableness of brokerage commissions paid upon
consideration of the relative merits of a number of factors, which may include: (i) the net
economic effect to the Fund, (ii) historical and current commission rates, (iii) the kind and
quality of the execution services rendered, (iv) the size and nature of the transactions effected,
and (v) research services received. In some instances, the Manager may evaluate best execution on
principal bids based on the total commissions charged (the bid for handling a trade as a principal
trade) since the trades were filled at the price set at an agreed upon time (e.g., previous nights
close) and any additional impact or cost is represented by the cents per share extra paid in
addition to a typical commission rate. These factors are considered mostly over multiple
transactions covering extended periods of time and are used to evaluate the relative performance of
the brokers and other institutions used to effect transactions for accounts.
As noted, seeking best price and execution involves the weighting of qualitative as well as
quantitative factors and evaluations of best execution are, to a large extent, possible only after
multiple trades have been completed. Particularly in non-U.S. markets, the Manager does place
trades with broker/dealers that provide investment ideas and other research services, even if the
relevant broker has not yet demonstrated an ability to effect best price and execution; however,
trading with such a broker (as with any and all brokers) will be curtailed or suspended if the
Manager is not reasonably satisfied with the quality of particular trade executions, unless or
until the broker has altered its execution capabilities in such a way that the Manager can
reasonably conclude that the broker is capable of achieving best price and execution.
The Manager will frequently use broker/dealers that provide research in all markets, and that
research is a factor in evaluating broker/dealer commissions. In all cases the research services
received by the Manager are limited to the types of research contemplated by Section 28(e) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the 1934 Act), and the Manager relies on the
statutory safe harbor in Section 28(e) of the 1934 Act. However, the Manager does not directly
participate in any soft dollar arrangements involving third party research (i.e., research provided
by someone other than the broker/dealer) or the payment of any of the Managers out-of-pocket
expenses. Research services provided by broker/dealers take various forms, including personal
interviews with analysts, written reports, pricing services in respect of fixed income securities,
and meetings arranged with various sources of information regarding particular issuers, industries,
governmental policies, economic trends, and other matters. To the extent that services of value
are received by the Manager, the Manager may avoid expenses that might otherwise be incurred. Such
services furnished to the Manager may be used in furnishing investment advice to all of the
Managers clients, including the Fund. Services received from a broker/dealer that executed
transactions for the Fund will not necessarily be used by the Manager specifically to service the
Fund.
The Fund will commence operations on or following the date of this Statement of Additional
Information and, therefore, the Trust, on behalf of the Fund, has not yet paid any brokerage
commissions, and the Fund not has held any securities of any regular brokers or dealers (as defined
in Rule 10b-1 under the 1940 Act) or of their parents.
Due to restrictions under the 1940 Act, it is possible that, as the result of certain affiliations
between a broker/dealer or its affiliates and the Fund, the Manager or the Funds distributor, the
Fund may refrain, or be required to refrain, from engaging in principal trades with such
68
broker/dealer. Additionally, the Fund may be restricted in its ability to purchase securities
issued by affiliates of the Funds distributor.
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
The Trust has adopted a proxy voting policy under which responsibility to vote proxies related to
its portfolio securities has been delegated to the Manager. The Board of Trustees of the Trust has
reviewed and approved the proxy voting policies and procedures the Manager follows when voting
proxies on behalf of the Fund. The Trusts proxy voting policy and the Managers proxy voting
policies and procedures are attached to this Statement of Additional Information as
Appendix
B
.
The Managers proxy voting policies on a particular issue may or may not reflect the views of
individual members of the Board of Trustees of the Trust, or a majority of the Board of Trustees.
Information regarding how the Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most
recent 12-month period ended June 30 will be available on the Trusts website at www.gmo.com and on
the Securities and Exchange Commissions website at www.sec.gov no later than August 31 of each
year.
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS
The policy of the Trust is to protect the confidentiality of the Funds portfolio holdings and to
prevent inappropriate selective disclosure of those holdings. The Board of Trustees has approved
this policy and material amendments require its approval.
Registered investment companies that are sub-advised by GMO may be subject to different portfolio
holdings disclosure policies, and neither GMO nor the Board of Trustees exercises control over
those policies. In addition, separate account clients of GMO have access to their portfolio
holdings and are not subject to the Funds portfolio holdings disclosure policies. Some of the
funds that are sub-advised by GMO and some of the separate accounts managed by GMO have
substantially similar investment objectives and strategies and, therefore, potentially similar
portfolio holdings.
Neither GMO nor the Fund will receive any compensation or other consideration in connection with
its disclosure of the Funds portfolio holdings.
GMO may disclose the Funds portfolio holdings (together with any other information from which the
Funds portfolio holdings could reasonably be derived, as reasonably determined by GMO) (the
Portfolio Holdings Information) to shareholders, qualified potential shareholders as determined
by GMO, and their consultants and agents (collectively, Permitted Recipients) by means of the GMO
website. The Funds Prospectus describes the type of information disclosed on GMOs website, as
well as the frequency with which it is disclosed and the lag between the date of the information
and the date of its disclosure. The top fifteen holdings of certain Funds of the Trust may be
posted monthly on GMOs website. In addition, in response to heightened market interest in
specific issuers, the Funds holdings in one or more issuers may be made available on a more
frequent basis to shareholders as described in the Prospectus. No confidentiality agreement is
needed to access this information. GMO also may make Portfolio
69
Holdings Information available to Permitted Recipients by email, or by any other means in such
scope and form and with such frequency as GMO may reasonably determine, no earlier than the day
next following the day on which the Portfolio Holdings Information is posted on the GMO website
(provided that the Funds Prospectus describes the nature and scope of the Portfolio Holdings
Information that will be available on the GMO website, when the information will be available and
the period for which the information will remain available, and the location on the Funds website
where the information will be made available) or on the same day as a publicly available, routine
filing with the SEC that includes the Portfolio Holdings Information.
To receive Portfolio Holdings Information, Permitted Recipients must enter into a confidentiality
agreement with GMO and the Trust that requires that the Portfolio Holdings Information be used
solely for purposes determined by senior management of GMO to be in the best interest of the
shareholders of the Fund.
In some cases, GMO may disclose to a third party Portfolio Holdings Information that has not been
made available to Permitted Recipients on the GMO website or in a publicly available, routine
filing with the SEC. That disclosure may only be made if senior management of GMO determines that
it is in the best interests of the shareholders of the Fund. In addition, the third party
receiving the Portfolio Holdings Information must enter into a confidentiality agreement with GMO
and the Trust that requires that the Portfolio Holdings Information be used solely for purposes
determined by GMO senior management to be in the best interest of the Funds shareholders. GMO
will seek to monitor a recipients use of the Portfolio Holdings Information provided under these
agreements and, if the terms of the agreements are violated, terminate disclosure and take
appropriate action.
The procedures pursuant to which GMO may disclose to a third party Portfolio Holdings Information
that has not been made available to Permitted Recipients do not apply to Portfolio Holdings
Information provided to entities who provide on-going services to the Fund in connection with its
day-to-day operations and management, including GMO, GMOs affiliates, the Funds custodians and
auditors, the Funds pricing service vendors, broker-dealers when requesting bids for or price
quotations on securities, brokers in the normal course of trading on the Funds behalf, and persons
assisting the Fund in the voting of proxies. In addition, when an investor indicates that it wants
to purchase shares of the Fund in exchange for securities acceptable to GMO, GMO may make available
a list of securities that it would be willing to accept for the Fund, and, from time to time, the
securities on the list may overlap with securities currently held by the Fund.
No provision of this policy is intended to restrict or prevent the disclosure of Portfolio Holdings
Information as may be required by applicable law, rules or regulations.
Senior management of GMO may authorize any exceptions to these procedures. Exceptions must be
disclosed to the Chief Compliance Officer of the Trust.
If senior management of GMO identifies a potential conflict with respect to the disclosure of
Portfolio Holdings Information between the interests of the Funds shareholders, on the one hand,
and GMO or an affiliated person of GMO or the Fund, on the other, GMO is required to inform the
Trusts Chief Compliance Officer of the potential conflict, and the Trusts Chief
70
Compliance Officer has the power to decide whether, in light of the potential conflict, disclosure should be
permitted under the circumstances. The Trusts Chief Compliance Officer also is required to report
his decision to the Board of Trustees.
GMO periodically reports the following information to the Board of Trustees:
|
|
|
Determinations made by senior management of GMO relating to the use of Portfolio
Holdings Information by Permitted Recipients and third parties;
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The nature and scope of disclosure of Portfolio Holdings Information to third parties;
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Exceptions to the disclosure policy authorized by senior management of GMO; and
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Any other information the Trustees may request relating to the disclosure of Portfolio
Holdings Information.
|
Ongoing Arrangements To Make Portfolio Holdings Available
.
Senior management of GMO has authorized
disclosure of Portfolio Holdings Information on an on-going basis (generally, daily, except with
respect to PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, which receives holdings quarterly and as necessary in
connection with the services it provides to the Fund) to the following entities that provide
on-going services to the Fund in connection with its day-to-day operations and management, provided
that they agree or have a duty to maintain this information in confidence:
|
|
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Name of Recipient
|
|
Purpose of Disclosure
|
State Street Bank and Trust Company
|
|
Custodial services and compliance testing
|
|
|
|
Boston Global Advisors
|
|
Securities lending services
|
|
|
|
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
|
|
Independent registered public accounting firm
|
|
|
|
RiskMetrics Group
|
|
Corporate actions services
|
|
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FactSet
|
|
Data service provider
|
Senior management of GMO has authorized disclosure of Portfolio Holdings Information on an on-going
basis (daily) to the following recipients, provided that they agree or have a duty to maintain this
information in confidence and are limited to using the information for the specific purpose for
which it was provided:
|
|
|
Name of Recipient
|
|
Purpose of Disclosure
|
Epstein & Associates, Inc.
|
|
Software provider for Code of Ethics
monitoring system
|
|
|
|
Financial Models Company Inc.
|
|
Recordkeeping system
|
71
DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST AND OWNERSHIP OF SHARES
The Trust, an open-end management investment company, is organized as a Massachusetts business
trust under the laws of Massachusetts by an Agreement and Declaration of Trust (Declaration of
Trust) dated June 24, 1985, as amended and restated June 23, 2000, and as such Declaration of
Trust may be amended from time to time. A copy of the Declaration of Trust is on file with the
Secretary of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The Trust operates as a series investment
company that consists of separate series of investment portfolios, each of which is represented by
a separate series of shares of beneficial interest. The Fund is a series of the Trust. The fiscal
year for the Fund ends on the last day of February.
Pursuant to the Declaration of Trust, the Trustees have currently authorized the issuance of an
unlimited number of full and fractional shares of sixty series: Tobacco-Free Core Fund; U.S.
Quality Equity Fund; Real Estate Fund; Tax-Managed U.S. Equities Fund; International Intrinsic
Value Fund; Currency Hedged International Equity Fund; Foreign Fund; Foreign Small Companies Fund;
International Small Companies Fund; Emerging Markets Fund; Emerging Countries Fund; Tax-Managed
International Equities Fund; Domestic Bond Fund; Core Plus Bond Fund; International Bond Fund;
Currency Hedged International Bond Fund; Global Bond Fund; Emerging Country Debt Fund;
Short-Duration Investment Fund; Alpha Only Fund; Benchmark-Free Allocation Fund; International
Equity Allocation Fund; Global Balanced Asset Allocation Fund; Global Equity Allocation Fund; U.S.
Equity Allocation Fund; Special Purpose Holding Fund; Short-Duration Collateral Fund; Taiwan Fund;
Global Growth Fund; World Opportunity Overlay Fund; Alternative Asset Opportunity Fund; Strategic
Opportunities Allocation Fund; World Opportunities Equity Allocation Fund; Developed World Stock
Fund; U.S. Growth Fund; International Core Equity Fund; International Growth Equity Fund; U.S.
Intrinsic Value Fund; U.S. Small/Mid Cap Growth Fund; U.S. Small/Mid Cap Value Fund; U.S. Core
Equity Fund; Short-Duration Collateral Share Fund; Strategic Fixed Income Fund; International
Opportunities Equity Allocation Fund; Inflation Indexed Plus Bond Fund; Special Situations Fund;
Flexible Equities Fund; U.S. Treasury Fund; Asset Allocation Bond Fund; Arlington Fund; Berkeley
Fund; Clarendon Fund; Dartmouth Fund; Exeter Fund; Fairfield Fund; Gloucester Fund; Hereford Fund;
Ipswich Fund; St. James Fund; and International Asset Allocation Bond Fund.
Interests in each portfolio (Fund) are represented by shares of the corresponding series. Each
share of each series represents an equal proportionate interest, together with each other share, in
the corresponding Fund. The shares of such series do not have any preemptive rights. Upon
liquidation of a Fund, shareholders of the corresponding series are entitled to share pro rata in
the net assets of the Fund available for distribution to shareholders. The Declaration of Trust
also permits the Trustees to charge shareholders directly for custodial, transfer agency, and
servicing expenses, but the Trustees have no present intention to make such charges.
The Declaration of Trust also permits the Trustees, without shareholder approval, to subdivide any
series of shares into various sub-series or classes of shares with such dividend preferences and
other rights as the Trustees may designate. This power is intended to allow the Trustees to
provide for an equitable allocation of the effect of any future regulatory requirements that might
affect various classes of shareholders differently. The Trustees have currently authorized the
establishment and designation of up to nine classes of shares for each series of the Trust: Class
I
72
Shares, Class II Shares, Class III Shares, Class IV Shares, Class V Shares, Class VI Shares,
Class VII Shares, Class VIII Shares, and Class M Shares.
The Trustees may also, without shareholder approval, establish one or more additional separate
portfolios for investments in the Trust or merge two or more existing portfolios (i.e., a new
fund). Shareholders investments in such a portfolio would be evidenced by a separate series of
shares.
The Declaration of Trust provides for the perpetual existence of the Trust. The Trust, however, may
be terminated at any time by vote of at least two-thirds of the outstanding shares of the Trust.
While the Declaration of Trust further provides that the Trustees may also terminate the
Trust upon written notice to the shareholders, the 1940 Act requires that the Trust receive the
authorization of a majority of its outstanding shares in order to change the nature of its business
so as to cease to be an investment company.
Shareholders should be aware that to the extent a shareholders investment in the Fund exceeds
certain threshold amounts or percentages, the investment may constitute a reportable acquisition
under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Act (HSR) and the shareholder may be required to make a corresponding
filing under HSR. HSR regulations are complex and shareholders should consult their legal advisers
about the precise HSR filing consequences of an investment in the Fund.
MULTIPLE CLASSES
The Manager makes all decisions relating to aggregation of accounts for purposes of determining
eligibility for the various classes of shares offered by a Fund. When making decisions regarding
whether accounts should be aggregated because they are part of a larger client relationship, the
Manager considers several factors including, but not limited to, whether: the multiple accounts are
for one or more subsidiaries of the same parent company; the multiple accounts have the same
beneficial owner regardless of the legal form of ownership; the investment mandate is the same or
substantially similar across the relationship; the asset allocation strategies are substantially
similar across the relationship; GMO reports to the same investment board; the consultant is the
same for the entire relationship; GMO services the relationship through a single GMO relationship
manager; the relationships have substantially similar reporting requirements; and/or the
relationship can be serviced from a single geographic location.
VOTING RIGHTS
Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each full share held (with fractional votes for
fractional shares held) and to vote by individual Fund (to the extent described below) in the
election of Trustees and the termination of the Trust and on other matters submitted to the vote of
shareholders. Shareholders vote by individual Fund on all matters except (i) when required by the
1940 Act, shares are voted in the aggregate and not by individual Fund, and (ii) when the Trustees
have determined that the matter affects the interests of more than one Fund, then shareholders of
the affected Funds are entitled to vote. Shareholders of one Fund are not entitled to vote on
matters exclusively affecting another Fund including, without limitation, such matters as the
adoption of or change in the investment objectives, policies, or restrictions of the other Fund and
the approval of the investment advisory contract of the other Fund. Shareholders of a
73
particular class of shares do not have separate class voting rights except for matters that affect
only that class of shares and as otherwise required by law.
Normally the Trust does not hold meetings of shareholders to elect Trustees except in accordance
with the 1940 Act (i) the Trust will hold a shareholders meeting for the election of Trustees at
such time as less than a majority of the Trustees holding office have been elected by shareholders,
and (ii) if, as a result of a vacancy in the Board of Trustees, less than two-thirds of the
Trustees holding office have been elected by the shareholders, that vacancy may only be filled by a
vote of the shareholders. In addition, Trustees may be removed from office by a written consent
signed by the holders of two-thirds of the outstanding shares and filed with the Trusts custodian
or by a vote of the holders of two-thirds of the outstanding shares at a meeting duly called for
that purpose, which meeting shall be held upon the written request of the holders of not less than
10% of the outstanding shares. Upon written request by the holders of at least 1% of the
outstanding shares stating that such shareholders wish to communicate with the other shareholders
for the purpose of obtaining the signatures necessary to demand a meeting to consider removal of a
Trustee, the Trust has undertaken to provide a list of shareholders or to disseminate appropriate
materials (at the expense of the requesting shareholders). Except as set forth above, the Trustees
will continue to hold office and may appoint successor Trustees. Voting rights are not cumulative.
No amendment may be made to the Declaration of Trust without the affirmative vote of a majority of
the outstanding shares of the Trust except (i) to change the Trusts name or to cure technical
problems in the Declaration of Trust and (ii) to establish, designate, or modify new and existing
series or sub-series of Trust shares or other provisions relating to Trust shares in response to
applicable laws or regulations.
SHAREHOLDER AND TRUSTEE LIABILITY
Under Massachusetts law, shareholders could, under some circumstances, be held personally liable
for the obligations of the Trust. However, the Declaration of Trust disclaims shareholder
liability for acts or obligations of the Trust and requires that notice of that disclaimer be given
in each agreement, obligation, or instrument entered into or executed by the Trust or the Trustees.
The Declaration of Trust provides for indemnification out of all the property of a Fund for all
loss and expense of any shareholder of the Fund held personally liable for the obligations of the
Trust. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder
liability is limited to circumstances in which the disclaimer is inoperative and the Fund in which
the shareholder holds shares is unable to meet its obligations.
The Declaration of Trust further provides that the Trustees will not be liable for errors of
judgment or mistakes of fact or law. However, nothing in the Declaration of Trust protects a
Trustee against any liability to which the Trustee would otherwise be subject by reason of willful
misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the
conduct of his office. The By-Laws of the Trust provide for indemnification by the Trust of the
Trustees and the officers of the Trust except for any matter as to which any such person did not
act in good faith in the reasonable belief that his action was in or not opposed to the best
interests of the Trust. Trustees and officers may not be indemnified against any liability to the
Trust or the Trust shareholders to which they would otherwise be subject by reason of willful
74
misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the
conduct of their office.
BENEFICIAL OWNERS OF 5% OR MORE OF THE FUNDS SHARES
The Fund will commence operations on or following the date of this Statement of Additional
Information and, therefore, has not yet offered any shares for sale.
75
Appendix A
COMMERCIAL PAPER AND CORPORATE DEBT RATINGS
Commercial Paper Ratings
Commercial paper ratings of Standard & Poors are current assessments of the likelihood of timely
payment of debts having original maturities of no more than 365 days. Commercial paper rated A-1
by Standard & Poors indicates that the degree of safety regarding timely payment is either
overwhelming or very strong. Those issues determined to possess overwhelming safety
characteristics are denoted A-1+. Commercial paper rated A-2 by Standard & Poors indicates that
capacity for timely payment on issues is strong. However, the relative degree of safety is not as
high as for issues designated A-1. Commercial paper rated A-3 indicates capacity for timely
payment. It is, however, somewhat more vulnerable to the adverse effects of changes in
circumstances than obligations carrying the higher designations.
The rating Prime-1 is the highest commercial paper rating assigned by Moodys. Issuers rated
Prime-1 (or related supporting institutions) are considered to have a superior capacity for
repayment of short-term promissory obligations. Issuers rated Prime-2 (or related supporting
institutions) have a strong capacity for repayment of short-term promissory obligations. This will
normally be evidenced by many of the characteristics of Prime-1 rated issuers, but to a lesser
degree. Earnings trends and coverage ratios, while sound, will be more subject to variations.
Capitalization characteristics, while still appropriate, may be more affected by external
conditions. Ample alternative liquidity is maintained. Issuers rated Prime-3 have an acceptable
capacity for repayment of short-term promissory obligations. The effect of industry
characteristics and market composition may be more pronounced. Variability in earnings and
profitability may result in changes in the level of debt protection measurements and the
requirement of relatively high financial leverage. Adequate alternative liquidity is maintained.
Corporate Debt Ratings
Standard & Poors
. A Standard & Poors corporate debt rating is a current assessment of the
creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific obligation. The following is a summary
of the ratings used by Standard & Poors for corporate debt:
AAA This is the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poors to a debt obligation and
indicates an extremely strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal.
AA Bonds rated AA also qualify as high quality debt obligations. Capacity to pay interest and
repay principal is very strong, and in the majority of instances they differ from AAA issues only
in small degree.
A Bonds rated A have a strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal, although they are
somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic
conditions.
BBB Bonds rated BBB are regarded as having an adequate capacity to pay interest and repay
principal. Whereas they normally exhibit adequate protection parameters,
A-1
Appendix A
adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened
capacity to repay principal and pay interest for bonds in this category than for bonds in higher
rated categories.
BB, B, CCC, CC Bonds rated BB, B, CCC and CC are regarded, on balance, as predominately
speculative with respect to capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the
terms of the obligation. BB indicates the lowest degree of speculation and CC the highest degree
of speculation. While such bonds will likely have some quality and protective characteristics,
these are outweighed by large uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions.
C The rating C is reserved for income bonds on which no interest is being paid.
D Bonds rated D are in default, and payment of interest and/or repayment of principal is in
arrears.
Plus (+) or Minus (-): The ratings from AA to B may be modified by the addition of a plus or
minus sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.
Moodys
. The following is a summary of the ratings used by Moodys for corporate debt:
Aaa Bonds that are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the smallest
degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as gilt edge. Interest payments are
protected by a large, or by an exceptionally stable, margin, and principal is secure. While the
various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most
unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues.
Aa Bonds that are rated Aa are judged to be high quality by all standards. Together with the
Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as high grade bonds. They are rated lower than
the best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or
fluctuation of protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements
present that make the long-term risks appear somewhat larger than in Aaa securities.
A Bonds that are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are to be considered
as upper medium grade obligations. Factors giving security to principal and interest are
considered adequate, but elements may be present that suggest a susceptibility to impairment
sometime in the future.
Baa Bonds that are rated Baa are considered as medium grade obligations; i.e., they are
neither highly protected nor poorly secured. Interest payments and principal security appear
adequate for the present, but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be
characteristically unreliable over any great length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding
investment characteristics and, in fact, have speculative characteristics as well.
Ba Bonds which are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their future cannot be
considered as well assured. Often, the protection of interest and principal
A-2
Appendix A
payments may be very moderate, and thereby not well safeguarded during both good and bad times over
the future. Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this class.
B Bonds which are rated B generally lack characteristics of the desirable investment.
Assurance of interest and principal payments or of maintenance of other terms of the contract over
any long period of time may be small.
Caa Bonds which are rated Caa are of poor standing. Such issues may be in default or there
may be present elements of danger with respect to principal or interest.
Ca Bonds which are rated Ca represent obligations which are speculative in a high degree.
Such issues are often in default or have other marked shortcomings.
C Bonds which are rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds, and issues so rated can be
regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any real investment standing.
Should no rating be assigned by Moodys, the reason may be one of the following:
|
1.
|
|
An application for rating was not received or accepted.
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2.
|
|
The issue or issuer belongs to a group of securities that are not rated as a
matter of policy.
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|
3.
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There is lack of essential data pertaining to the issue or issuer.
|
|
|
4.
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|
The issue was privately placed in which case the rating is not published in
Moodys publications.
|
Suspension or withdrawal may occur if new and material circumstances arise, the effects of which
preclude satisfactory analysis; if there is no longer available reasonable up-to-date data to
permit a judgment to be formed; if a bond is called for redemption; or for other reasons.
Note: Those bonds in the Aa, A, Baa, Ba and B groups which Moodys believes possess the strongest
investment attributes are designated by the symbols Aa1, A1, Baa1 and B1.
A-3
Appendix B
GMO TRUST
PROXY VOTING POLICY
I. Statement of Policy
GMO Trust (the Fund) delegates the authority and responsibility to vote proxies related to
portfolio securities to Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co. LLC, its investment adviser (the
Adviser).
Therefore, the Board of Trustees (the Board) of the Fund has reviewed and approved the use of the
proxy voting policies and procedures of the Adviser (Proxy Voting Procedures) on behalf of the
Fund when exercising voting authority on behalf of the Fund.
II. Standard
The Adviser shall vote proxies related to portfolio securities in the best interests of the Fund
and their shareholders.
III. Review of Proxy Voting Procedures
The Board shall periodically review the Proxy Voting Procedures presented by the Adviser.
The Adviser shall provide periodic reports to the Board regarding any proxy votes where a material
conflict of interest was identified except in circumstances where the Adviser caused the proxy to
be voted consistent with the recommendation of the independent third party.
The Adviser shall notify the Board promptly of any material change to its Proxy Voting Procedures.
IV. Disclosure
The following disclosure shall be provided:
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A.
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|
The Adviser shall make available its proxy voting records, for inclusion in
the Funds Form N-PX.
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|
B.
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The Adviser shall cause the Fund to include the proxy voting policies and
procedures required in the Funds annual filing on Form N-CSR or the statement of
additional information.
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|
C.
|
|
The Adviser shall cause the Funds shareholder reports to include a statement
that (i) a copy of these policies and procedures is available on the Funds web site
(if the Fund so chooses) and (ii) information is available regarding how the Funds
voted proxies during the most recent twelve-month period without charge, on or through
the Funds web site.
|
B-1
Appendix B
GRANTHAM, MAYO, VAN OTTERLOO & CO. LLC
GMO AUSTRALIA LIMITED
GMO AUSTRALASIA LLC
(TOGETHER GMO)
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
Amended and Restated as of February 2, 2009
I.
Introduction and General Principles
GMO provides investment advisory services primarily to institutional, including both ERISA and
non-ERISA clients, and commercial clients. GMO understands that proxy voting is an integral aspect
of security ownership. Accordingly, in cases where GMO has been delegated authority to vote
proxies, that function must be conducted with the same degree of prudence and loyalty accorded any
fiduciary or other obligation of an investment manager.
This policy permits clients of GMO to: (1) delegate to GMO the responsibility and authority to vote
proxies on their behalf according to GMOs proxy voting polices and guidelines; (2) delegate to GMO
the responsibility and authority to vote proxies on their behalf according to the particular
clients own proxy voting policies and guidelines; or (3) elect to vote proxies themselves. In
instances where clients elect to vote their own proxies, GMO shall not be responsible for voting
proxies on behalf of such clients.
GMO believes that the following policies and procedures are reasonably designed to ensure that
proxy matters are conducted in the best interest of its clients, in accordance with GMOs fiduciary
duties, applicable rules under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and fiduciary standards and
responsibilities for ERISA clients set out in the Department of Labor interpretations.
II.
Proxy Voting Guidelines
GMO has engaged RiskMetrics Group (RMG) as its proxy voting agent to:
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(1)
|
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research and make voting recommendations or, for matters for which GMO has so
delegated, to make the voting determinations;
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(2)
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ensure that proxies are voted and submitted in a timely manner;
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(3)
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handle other administrative functions of proxy voting;
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(4)
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maintain records of proxy statements received in connection with proxy votes
and provide copies of such proxy statements promptly upon request;
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(5)
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maintain records of votes cast; and
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(6)
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|
provide recommendations with respect to proxy voting matters in general.
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B-2
Appendix B
Proxies generally will be voted in accordance with the voting recommendations contained in the
applicable domestic or global RMG Proxy Voting Manual, as in effect from time to time, subject to
such modifications as may be determined by GMO (as described below). Copies of concise summaries
of the current domestic and global RMG proxy voting guidelines are attached to these Proxy Voting
Policies and Procedures as Exhibit A. To the extent GMO determines to adopt proxy voting
guidelines that differ from the RMG proxy voting recommendations, such guidelines will be set forth
on Exhibit B and proxies with respect to such matters will be voted in accordance with the
guidelines set forth on Exhibit B. GMO reserves the right to modify any of the recommendations set
forth in the RMG Proxy Voting Manual in the future. If any such changes are made, an amended
Exhibit B to these Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures will be made available for clients.
Except in instances where a GMO client retains voting authority, GMO will instruct custodians of
client accounts to forward all proxy statements and materials received in respect of client
accounts to RMG.
III.
Proxy Voting Procedures
GMO has a Corporate Actions Group with responsibility for administering the proxy voting process,
including:
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1.
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Implementing and updating the applicable domestic and global RMG proxy voting
guidelines set forth in the RMG Proxy Voting Manual, as modified from time to time by
Exhibit B hereto;
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2.
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Overseeing the proxy voting process; and
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3.
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Providing periodic reports to GMOs Compliance Department and clients as requested.
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There may be circumstances under which a portfolio manager or other GMO investment professional
(GMO Investment Professional) believes that it is in the best interest of a client or clients to
vote proxies in a manner inconsistent with the proxy voting guidelines described in Section II. In
such an event, the GMO Investment Professional will inform GMOs Corporate Actions Group of its
decision to vote such proxy in a manner inconsistent with the proxy voting guidelines described in
Section II. GMOs Corporate Actions Group will report to GMOs Compliance Department no less than
quarterly any instance where a GMO Investment Professional has decided to vote a proxy on behalf of
a client in that manner.
IV.
Conflicts of Interest
As RMG will vote proxies in accordance with the proxy voting guidelines described in Section II,
GMO believes that this process is reasonably designed to address conflicts of interest that may
arise between GMO and a client as to how proxies are voted.
B-3
Appendix B
In instances where GMO has the responsibility and authority to vote proxies on behalf of its
clients for shares of GMO Trust, a registered mutual fund for which GMO serves as the investment
adviser, there may be instances where a conflict of interest exists. Accordingly, GMO will (i)
vote such proxies in the best interests of its clients with respect to routine matters, including
proxies relating to the election of Trustees; and (ii) with respect to matters where a conflict of
interest exists between GMO and GMO Trust, such as proxies relating to a new or amended investment
management contract between GMO Trust and GMO, or a re-organization of a series of GMO Trust, GMO
will either (a) vote such proxies in the same proportion as the votes cast with respect to that
proxy, or (b) seek instructions from its clients.
In addition, if GMO is aware that one of the following conditions exists with respect to a proxy,
GMO shall consider such event a potential material conflict of interest:
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1.
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GMO has a business relationship or potential relationship with the issuer;
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2.
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GMO has a business relationship with the proponent of the proxy proposal; or
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3.
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GMO members, employees or consultants have a personal or other business relationship
with the participants in the proxy contest, such as corporate directors or director
candidates.
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In the event of a potential material conflict of interest, GMO will (i) vote such proxy according
to Exhibit B (if applicable) or the specific recommendation of RMG; (ii) abstain; or (iii) request
that the client votes such proxy. All such instances shall be reported to GMOs Compliance
Department at least quarterly.
V.
Recordkeeping
GMO will maintain records relating to the implementation of these proxy voting policies and
procedures, including:
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(1)
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a copy of these policies and procedures which shall be made available to
clients, upon request;
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(2)
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a record of each vote cast (which RMG maintains on GMOs behalf); and
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(3)
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each written client request for proxy records and GMOs written response to
any client request for such records.
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Such proxy voting records shall be maintained for a period of five years.
VI.
Reporting
GMOs Compliance Department will provide GMOs Conflict of Interest Committee with periodic reports
that include a summary of instances where GMO has (i) voted
B-4
Appendix B
proxies in a manner inconsistent with the proxy voting guidelines described in Section II, (ii)
voted proxies in circumstances in which a material conflict of interest may exist as set forth in
Section IV, and (iii) voted proxies of shares of GMO Trust on behalf of its clients.
VII.
Disclosure
Except as otherwise required by law, GMO has a general policy of not disclosing to any issuer or
third party how GMO or its voting delegate voted a clients proxy.
B-5
Appendix B
Exhibit A
U.S. Proxy Voting Guidelines Concise Summary
(Digest of Selected Key Guidelines)
Copyright © 2009 by RiskMetrics Group.
The policies contained herein are a sampling of select, key proxy voting guidelines and are not
exhaustive. A full listing of RiskMetrics 2009 proxy voting guidelines can be found in the Jan. 15,
2009, edition of the U.S. Proxy Voting Manual.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Requests for permission to make
copies of any part of this work should be sent to: RiskMetrics Group Marketing Department, One
Chase Manhattan Plaza, 44th Floor, New York, NY 10005. RiskMetrics Group is a trademark used herein
under license.
Risk Management | RiskMetrics Labs | ISS Governance Services | Financial Research Et Analysis
www.riskmetrics.com
B-6
Appendix B
1. Operational Items:
Auditor Ratification
Vote FOR proposals to ratify auditors, unless any of the following apply:
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An auditor has a financial interest in or association with the company, and is
therefore not independent;
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There is reason to believe that the independent auditor has rendered an opinion which
is neither accurate nor indicative of the companys financial position;
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Poor accounting practices are identified that rise to a serious level of concern, such
as: fraud; misapplication of GAAP; and material weaknesses identified in Section 404
disclosures; or
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Fees for non-audit services (Other fees) are excessive.
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Non-audit
fees are excessive if:
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Non-audit (other) fees exceed audit fees + audit-related fees + tax compliance/
preparation fees
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Vote CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder proposals asking companies to prohibit or limit their auditors
from engaging in non-audit services.
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder proposals asking for audit firm rotation, taking into account:
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The tenure of the audit firm;
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|
|
|
The length of rotation specified in the proposal;
|
|
|
|
|
Any significant audit-related issues at the company;
|
|
|
|
|
|
The number of Audit Committee meetings held each year;
|
|
|
|
|
|
The number of financial experts serving on the committee; and
|
|
|
|
|
Whether the company has a periodic renewal process where the auditor is evaluated for
both audit quality and competitive price.
|
B-7
Appendix B
2. Board of Directors:
Voting on Director
1
Nominees in Uncontested Elections
Vote on director nominees should be determined on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD
2
from individual directors who:
|
|
|
|
Attend less than 75 percent of the board and committee meetings without a valid excuse,
such as illness, service to the nation, work on behalf of the company, or funeral
obligations. If the company provides meaningful public or private disclosure explaining
the directors absences, evaluate the information on a CASE-BY-CASE basis taking into
account the following factors:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Degree to which absences were due to an unavoidable conflict;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pattern of absenteeism; and
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other extraordinary circumstances underlying the directors absence;
|
|
|
|
|
Sit on more than six public company boards;
|
|
|
|
|
Are CEOs of public companies who sit on the boards of more than two public companies
besides their own withhold only at their outside boards.
|
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from all nominees of the board of directors, (except from new nominees,
who should be considered on a CASE-BY-CASE basis) if:
|
|
|
|
The companys proxy indicates that not all directors attended 75% of the aggregate of
their board and committee meetings, but fails to provide the required disclosure of the
names of the directors involved. If this information cannot be obtained, vote
against/withhold from all incumbent directors;
|
|
|
|
|
|
The companys poison pill has a dead-hand or modified dead-hand feature. Vote
against/withhold every year until this feature is removed;
|
|
|
|
|
The board adopts or renews a poison pill without shareholder approval, does not commit
to putting it to shareholder vote within 12 months of adoption (or in the case of an newly
public company, does not commit to put the pill to a shareholder vote within 12 months
following the IPO), or reneges on a commitment to put the pill to a vote, and has not yet
received a withhold/ against recommendation for this issue;
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
RiskMetrics classification of directors can be found
in
U.S. Proxy Voting Guidelines Summary
.
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
In general, companies with a plurality vote standard
use Withhold as the valid opposition vote option in director elections;
companies with a majority vote standard use Against. However, it will vary by
company and the proxy must be checked to determine the valid opposition vote
for the particular company.
|
|
B-8
Appendix B
|
|
|
The board failed to act on a shareholder proposal that received approval by a majority
of the shares outstanding the previous year (a management proposal with other than a FOR
recommendation by management will not be considered as sufficient action taken);
|
|
|
|
|
The board failed to act on a shareholder proposal that received approval of the
majority of shares cast for the previous two consecutive years (a management proposal with
other than a FOR recommendation by management will not be considered as sufficient action
taken);
|
|
|
|
|
The board failed to act on takeover offers where the majority of the shareholders
tendered their shares;
|
|
|
|
|
At the previous board election, any director received more than 50 percent
withhold/against votes of the shares cast and the company has failed to address the
underlying issue(s) that caused the high withhold/ against vote;
|
|
|
|
|
|
The board is classified, and a continuing director responsible for a problematic
governance issue at the board/committee level that would warrant a withhold/against vote
recommendation is not up for election- any or all appropriate nominees (except new) may be
held accountable;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The board lacks accountability and oversight, coupled with sustained poor performance
relative to peers. Sustained poor performance is measured by one- and three-year total
shareholder returns in the bottom half of a companys four-digit GICS industry group
(Russell 3000 companies only).
|
|
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from Inside Directors and Affiliated Outside Directors (per the
Classification of Directors below) when:
|
|
|
The inside or affiliated outside director serves on any of the three key committees:
audit, compensation, or nominating;
|
|
|
|
|
The company lacks an audit, compensation, or nominating committee so that the full
board functions as that committee;
|
|
|
|
|
The company lacks a formal nominating committee, even if board attests that the
independent directors fulfill the functions of such a committee;
|
|
|
|
|
The full board is less than majority independent.
|
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from the members of the Audit Committee if:
|
|
|
|
The non-audit fees paid to the auditor are excessive;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The company receives an adverse opinion on the companys financial statements from its
auditor; or
|
|
B-9
Appendix B
|
|
|
There is persuasive evidence that the audit committee entered into an inappropriate
indemnification agreement with its auditor that limits the ability of the company, or its
shareholders, to pursue legitimate legal recourse against the audit firm.
|
Vote CASE-by-CASE on members of the Audit Committee and/or the full board if poor accounting
practices, which rise to a level of serious concern are identified, such as: fraud; misapplication
of GAAP; and material weaknesses identified in Section 404 disclosures.
Examine the severity, breadth, chronological sequence and duration, as well as the companys
efforts at remediation or corrective actions in determining whether negative vote recommendations
are warranted against the members of the Audit Committee who are responsible for the poor
accounting practices, or the entire board.
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from the members of the Compensation Committee if:
|
|
|
|
There is a negative correlation between the chief executives pay and company
performance (see discussion under Equity Compensation Plans);
|
|
|
|
|
|
The company reprices underwater options for stock, cash or other consideration without
prior shareholder approval, even if allowed in their equity plan;
|
|
|
|
|
The company fails to submit one-time transfers of stock options to a shareholder vote;
|
|
|
|
|
|
The company fails to fulfill the terms of a burn rate commitment they made to
shareholders;
|
|
|
|
|
|
The company has backdated options (see Options Backdating policy);
|
The company has poor compensation practices (see Poor Pay Practices policy). Poor pay practices
may warrant withholding votes from the CEO and potentially the entire board as well.
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from directors, individually or the entire board, for egregious actions or
failure to replace management as appropriate.
Independent Chair (Separate Chair/CEO)
Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals requiring that the chairmans position be filled by an
independent director, unless the company satisfies all of the following criteria:
The company maintains the following counterbalancing features:
|
|
|
Designated lead director, elected by and from the independent board members with
clearly delineated and comprehensive duties. (The role may alternatively reside with a
presiding director, vice chairman, or rotating lead director; however
|
B-10
Appendix B
|
|
|
the director must serve a minimum of one year in order to qualify as a lead director.) The
duties should include, but are not limited to, the following:
|
|
|
|
presides at all meetings of the board at which the chairman is not present,
including executive sessions of the independent directors;
|
|
|
|
|
serves as liaison between the chairman and the independent directors;
|
|
|
|
|
approves information sent to the board;
|
|
|
|
|
approves meeting agendas for the board;
|
|
|
|
|
approves meeting schedules to assure that there is sufficient time for discussion
of all agenda items;
|
|
|
|
|
has the authority to call meetings of the independent directors;
|
|
|
|
|
if requested by major shareholders, ensures that he is available for consultation
and direct communication;
|
|
|
|
|
|
Two-thirds independent board;
|
|
|
|
|
All independent key committees;
|
|
|
|
|
Established governance guidelines;
|
|
|
|
|
|
A company in the Russell 3000 universe must not have exhibited sustained poor total
shareholder return (TSR) performance, defined as one- and three-year TSR in the bottom
half of the companys four-digit GICS industry group within the Russell 3000 only), unless
there has been a change in the Chairman/CEO position within that time;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The company does not have any problematic governance or management issues, examples of
which include, but are not limited to:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Egregious compensation practices;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Multiple related-party transactions or other issues putting director independence
at risk;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate and/or management scandals;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Excessive problematic corporate governance provisions; or
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Flagrant board or management actions with potential or realized negative impact on
shareholders.
|
|
B-11
Appendix B
Majority Vote Shareholder Proposals
Generally vote FOR precatory and binding resolutions requesting that the board change the companys
bylaws to stipulate that directors need to be elected with an affirmative majority of votes cast,
provided it does not conflict with the state law where the company is incorporated. Binding
resolutions need to allow for a carve- out for a plurality vote standard when there are more
nominees than board seats.
Companies are strongly encouraged to also adopt a post-election policy (also know as a director
resignation policy) that provides guidelines so that the company will promptly address the
situation of a holdover director.
Performance/Governance Evaluation for Directors
Vote WITHHOLD/AGAINST on all director nominees if the board lacks accountability and oversight,
coupled with sustained poor performance relative to peers, measured by one- and three-year total
shareholder returns in the bottom half of a companys four-digit GICS industry group (Russell 3000
companies only).
Evaluate board accountability and oversight at companies that demonstrate sustained poor
performance. Problematic provisions include but are not limited to:
|
|
|
|
a classified board structure;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
a supermajority vote requirement;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
majority vote standard for director elections with no carve out for contested
elections;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
the inability of shareholders to call special meetings;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
the inability of shareholders to act by written consent;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
a dual-class structure; and/or
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
a non-shareholder approved poison pill.
|
|
If a company exhibits sustained poor performance coupled with a lack of board accountability and
oversight, also take into consideration the companys five-year total shareholder return and
five-year operational metrics in the evaluation.
B-12
Appendix B
3. Proxy Contests
Voting for Director Nominees in Contested Elections
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on the election of directors in contested elections, considering the following
factors:
|
|
|
Long-term financial performance of the target company relative to its industry;
|
|
|
|
|
Managements track record;
|
|
|
|
|
Background to the proxy contest;
|
|
|
|
|
Qualifications of director nominees (both slates);
|
|
|
|
|
Strategic plan of dissident slate and quality of critique against management;
|
|
|
|
|
Likelihood that the proposed goals and objectives can be achieved (both slates);
|
|
|
|
|
Stock ownership positions.
|
Reimbursing Proxy Solicitation Expenses
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to reimburse proxy solicitation expenses. When voting in conjunction
with support of a dissident slate, vote FOR the reimbursement of all appropriate proxy solicitation
expenses associated with the election.
Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals calling for the reimbursement of reasonable costs incurred
in connection with nominating one or more candidates in a contested election where the following
apply:
|
|
|
|
The election of fewer than 50% of the directors to be elected is contested in the
election;
|
|
|
|
|
|
One or more of the dissidents candidates is elected;
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholders are not permitted to cumulate their votes for directors; and
|
|
|
|
|
The election occurred, and the expenses were incurred, after the adoption of this
bylaw.
|
4. Antitakeover Defenses and Voting Related Issues
Advance Notice Requirements for Shareholder Proposals/Nominations
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on advance notice proposals, giving support to proposals that allow shareholders
to submit proposals/ nominations reasonably close to the meeting date
B-13
Appendix B
and within the broadest window possible, recognizing the need to allow sufficient notice for
company, regulatory and shareholder review.
To be reasonable, the companys deadline for shareholder notice of a proposal/ nominations must not
be more than 60 days prior to the meeting, with a submittal window of at least 30 days prior to the
deadline.
In general, support additional efforts by companies to ensure full disclosure in regard to a
proponents economic and voting position in the company so long as the informational requirements
are reasonable and aimed at providing shareholders with the necessary information to review such
proposal.
Poison Pills
Vote FOR shareholder proposals requesting that the company submit its poison pill to a shareholder
vote or redeem it UNLESS the company has: (1) A shareholder approved poison pill in place; or (2)
The company has adopted a policy concerning the adoption of a pill in the future specifying that
the board will only adopt a shareholder rights plan if either:
|
|
|
Shareholders have approved the adoption of the plan; or
|
|
|
|
|
|
The board, in exercising its fiduciary responsibilities, determines that it is in the
best interest of shareholders under the circumstances to adopt a pill without the delay
that would result from seeking stockholder approval (i.e., the fiduciary out provision).
A poison pill adopted under this fiduciary out will be put to a shareholder ratification
vote within 12 months of adoption or expire. If the pill is not approved by a majority of
the votes cast on this issue, the plan will immediately terminate.
|
|
Vote FOR shareholder proposals calling for poison pills to be put to a vote within a time period of
less than one year after adoption. If the company has no non-shareholder approved poison pill in
place and has adopted a policy with the provisions outlined above, vote AGAINST the proposal. If
these conditions are not met, vote FOR the proposal, but with the caveat that a vote within 12
months would be considered sufficient.
Vote CASE-by-CASE on management proposals on poison pill ratification, focusing on the features of
the shareholder rights plan. Rights plans should contain the following attributes:
|
|
|
|
No lower than a 20% trigger, flip-in or flip-over;
|
|
|
|
|
|
A term of no more than three years;
|
|
|
|
|
|
No dead-hand, slow-hand, no-hand or similar feature that limits the ability of a future
board to redeem the pill;
|
|
B-14
Appendix B
|
|
|
|
Shareholder redemption feature (qualifying offer clause); if the board refuses to
redeem the pill 90 days after a qualifying offer is announced, 10 percent of the shares
may call a special meeting or seek a written consent to vote on rescinding the pill.
|
|
In addition, the rationale for adopting the pill should be thoroughly explained by the company. In
examining the request for the pill, take into consideration the companys existing governance
structure, including: board independence, existing takeover defenses, and any problematic
governance concerns.
For management proposals to adopt a poison pill for the stated purpose of preserving a companys
net operating losses (NOL pills), the following factors should be considered:
|
|
|
|
the trigger (NOL pills generally have a trigger slightly below 5%);
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
the value of the NOLs;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
the term;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
shareholder protection mechanisms (sunset provision, causing expiration of the pill
upon exhaustion or expiration of NOLs); and
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
other factors that may be applicable.
|
|
In addition, vote WITHHOLD/AGAINST the entire board of directors, (except new nominees, who should
be considered on a CASE-by-CASE basis) if the board adopts or renews a poison pill without
shareholder approval, does not commit to putting it to a shareholder vote within 12 months of
adoption (or in the case of a newly public company, does not commit to put the pill to a
shareholder vote within 12 months following the IPO), or reneges on a commitment to put the pill to
a vote, and has not yet received a withhold recommendation for this issue.
5. Mergers and Corporate Restructurings
Overall Approach
For mergers and acquisitions, review and evaluate the merits and drawbacks of the proposed
transaction, balancing various and sometimes countervailing factors including:
|
|
|
|
Valuation
Is the value to be received by the target shareholders (or paid by the
acquirer) reasonable? While the fairness opinion may provide an initial starting point for
assessing valuation reasonableness, emphasis is placed on the offer premium, market
reaction and strategic rationale.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Market reaction
How has the market responded to the proposed deal? A negative market
reaction should cause closer scrutiny of a deal.
|
|
B-15
Appendix B
|
|
|
|
Strategic rationale
Does the deal make sense strategically? From where is the value
derived? Cost and revenue synergies should not be overly aggressive or optimistic, but
reasonably achievable. Management should also have a favorable track record of successful
integration of historical acquisitions.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Negotiations and process
Were the terms of the transaction negotiated at
arms-length? Was the process fair and equitable? A fair process helps to ensure the best
price for shareholders. Significant negotiation wins can also signify the deal makers
competency. The comprehensiveness of the sales process (e.g., full auction, partial
auction, no auction) can also affect shareholder value.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conflicts of interest
Are insiders benefiting from the transaction disproportionately
and inappropriately as compared to non-insider shareholders? As the result of potential
conflicts, the directors and officers of the company may be more likely to vote to approve
a merger than if they did not hold these interests. Consider whether these interests may
have influenced these directors and officers to support or recommend the merger. The
change-in-control figure presented in the RMG Transaction Summary section of this report
is an aggregate figure that can in certain cases be a misleading indicator of the true
value transfer from shareholders to insiders. Where such figure appears to be excessive,
analyze the underlying assumptions to determine whether a potential conflict exists.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Governance
Will the combined company have a better or worse governance profile than
the current governance profiles of the respective parties to the transaction? If the
governance profile is to change for the worse, the burden is on the company to prove that
other issues (such as valuation) outweigh any deterioration in governance.
|
|
6. State of Incorporation
Reincorporation Proposals
Evaluate management or shareholder proposals to change a companys state of incorporation on a
CASE-BY-CASE basis, giving consideration to both financial and corporate governance concerns
including the following:
|
|
|
|
Reasons for reincorporation;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comparison of companys governance practices and provisions prior to and following the
reincorporation; and
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comparison of corporation laws of original state and destination state Vote FOR
reincorporation when the economic factors outweigh any neutral or negative governance
changes.
|
|
B-16
Appendix B
7. Capital Structure
Common Stock Authorization
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for
issuance. Take into account company-specific factors which include, at a minimum, the following:
|
|
|
|
Specific reasons/rationale for the proposed increase;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The dilutive impact of the request as determined through an allowable cap generated by
RiskMetrics quantitative model;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The boards governance structure and practices; and
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Risks to shareholders of not approving the request.
|
|
Vote FOR proposals to approve increases beyond the allowable cap when a companys shares are in
danger of being delisted or if a companys ability to continue to operate as a going concern is
uncertain.
Preferred Stock
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to increase the number of shares of preferred stock authorized for
issuance. Take into account company-specific factors which include, at a minimum, the following:
|
|
|
|
Specific reasons/ rationale for the proposed increase;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The dilutive impact of the request as determined through an allowable cap generated by
RiskMetrics quantitative model;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The boards governance structure and practices; and
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Risks to shareholders of not approving the request.
|
|
Vote AGAINST proposals authorizing the creation of new classes of preferred stock with unspecified
voting, conversion, dividend distribution, and other rights (blank check preferred stock).
Vote FOR proposals to create declawed blank check preferred stock (stock that cannot be used as a
takeover defense).
Vote FOR proposals to authorize preferred stock in cases where the company specifies the voting,
dividend, conversion, and other rights of such stock and the terms of the preferred stock appear
reasonable.
B-17
Appendix B
Vote AGAINST proposals to increase the number of blank check preferred stock authorized for
issuance when no shares have been issued or reserved for a specific purpose.
8. Executive and Director Compensation
Equity Compensation Plans
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on equity-based compensation plans. Vote AGAINST the equity plan if any of the
following factors apply:
|
|
|
The total cost of the companys equity plans is unreasonable;
|
|
|
|
|
|
The plan expressly permits the repricing of stock options/stock appreciation rights
(SARs) without prior shareholder approval;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The CEO is a participant in the proposed equity-based compensation plan and there is a
disconnect between CEO pay and the companys performance where over 50 percent of the
year-over-year increase is attributed to equity awards;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The companys three year burn rate exceeds the greater of 2% and the mean plus one
standard deviation of its industry group;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The plan provides for the acceleration of vesting of equity awards even though an
actual change in control may not occur (e.g., upon shareholder approval of a transaction
or the announcement of a tender offer); or
|
|
|
|
|
|
The plan is a vehicle for poor pay practices.
|
Poor Pay Practices
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from compensation committee members, CEO, and potentially the entire
board, if the company has poor compensation practices. Vote AGAINST equity plans if the plan is a
vehicle for poor compensation practices.
The following practices, while not exhaustive, are examples of poor compensation practices that may
warrant withhold vote recommendations:
|
|
|
|
Egregious employment contracts Contracts containing multi-year guarantees for salary
increases, bonuses and equity compensation;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Excessive perks/tax reimbursements:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Overly generous perquisites, which may include, but are not limited to the
following: personal use of corporate aircraft, personal security system maintenance
and/or installation, car allowances;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reimbursement of income taxes on executive perquisites or other payments;
|
|
B-18
Appendix B
|
|
|
|
Perquisites for former executives, such as car allowances, personal use of
corporate aircraft or other inappropriate arrangements;
|
|
Abnormally large bonus payouts without justifiable performance linkage or proper disclosure -
Performance metrics that are changed, canceled or replaced during the performance period without
adequate explanation of the action and the link to performance;
|
|
|
|
Egregious pension/SERP (supplemental executive retirement plan) payouts:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inclusion of additional years of service not worked that result in significant
payouts;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inclusion of performance-based equity awards in the pension calculation;
|
|
|
|
|
|
New CEO with overly generous new hire package:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Excessive make whole provisions;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Any of the poor pay practices listed in this policy;
|
|
|
|
|
|
Excessive severance and/or change in control provisions:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inclusion of excessive change in control or severance payments, especially those
with a multiple in excess of 3X cash pay;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payments upon an executives termination in connection with performance failure;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Change in control payouts without loss of job or substantial diminution of job
duties (single- triggered);
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
New or materially amended employment or severance agreements that provide for
modified single triggers, under which an executive may voluntarily leave for any
reason and still receive the change-in-control severance package;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liberal change in control definition in individual contracts or equity plans which
could result in payments to executives without an actual change in control occurring;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
New or materially amended employment or severance agreements that provide for an
excise tax gross-up. Modified gross-ups would be treated in the same manner as full
gross-ups;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Perquisites for former executives such as car allowances, personal use of corporate
aircraft or other inappropriate arrangements;
|
|
B-19
Appendix B
|
|
|
|
Dividends or dividend equivalents paid on unvested performance shares or units;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Poor disclosure practices:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unclear explanation of how the CEO is involved in the pay setting process;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retrospective performance targets and methodology not discussed;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Methodology for benchmarking practices and/or peer group not disclosed and
explained;
|
|
|
|
|
|
Internal Pay Disparity:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Excessive differential between CEO total pay and that of next highest paid named
executive officer (NEO);
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options backdating (covered in a separate policy);
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other excessive compensation payouts or poor pay practices at the company.
|
Other Compensation Proposals and Policies
Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation (Say-on-Pay) Management Proposals
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on management proposals for an advisory vote on executive compensation. Vote
AGAINST these resolutions in cases where boards have failed to demonstrate good stewardship of
investors interests regarding executive compensation practices.
For U.S. companies, consider the following factors in the context of each companys specific
circumstances and the boards disclosed rationale for its practices:
Relative Considerations
:
|
|
|
|
Assessment of performance metrics relative to business strategy, as discussed and
explained in the CD£tA;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Evaluation of peer groups used to set target pay or award opportunities;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alignment of company performance and executive pay trends over time (e.g., performance
down: pay down);
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assessment of disparity between total pay of the CEO and other Named Executive Officers
(NEOs).
|
|
Design Considerations
:
|
|
|
|
Balance of fixed versus performance-driven pay;
|
|
B-20
Appendix B
|
|
|
|
Assessment of excessive practices with respect to perks, severance packages,
supplemental executive pension plans, and burn rates.
|
|
Communication Considerations
:
|
|
|
|
Evaluation of information and board rationale provided in CD£tA about how compensation
is determined (e.g., why certain elements and pay targets are used, and specific incentive
plan goals, especially retrospective goals);
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assessment of boards responsiveness to investor input and engagement on compensation
issues (e.g., in responding to majority-supported shareholder proposals on executive pay
topics).
|
|
Employee Stock Purchase Plans Non-Qualified Plans
Vote CASE-by-CASE on nonqualified employee stock purchase plans. Vote FOR nonqualified employee
stock purchase plans with all the following features:
|
|
|
Broad-based participation (i.e., all employees of the company with the exclusion of
individuals with 5 percent or more of beneficial ownership of the company);
|
|
|
|
|
Limits on employee contribution, which may be a fixed dollar amount or expressed as a
percent of base salary;
|
|
|
|
|
Company matching contribution up to 25 percent of employees contribution, which is
effectively a discount of 20 percent from market value;
|
|
|
|
|
No discount on the stock price on the date of purchase since there is a company
matching contribution.
|
Vote AGAINST nonqualified employee stock purchase plans when any of the plan features do not meet
the above criteria. If the company matching contribution exceeds 25 percent of employees
contribution, evaluate the cost of the plan against its allowable cap.
Option Exchange Programs/Repricing Options
Vote CASE-by-CASE on management proposals seeking approval to exchange/ reprice options, taking
into consideration:
|
|
|
Historic trading patternsthe stock price should not be so volatile that the options
are likely to be back in-the-money over the near term;
|
|
|
|
|
Rationale for the re-pricingwas the stock price decline beyond managements control?
|
|
|
|
|
Is this a value-for-value exchange?
|
B-21
Appendix B
|
|
|
Are surrendered stock options added back to the plan reserve?
|
|
|
|
|
Option vestingdoes the new option vest immediately or is there a black-out period?
|
|
|
|
|
Term of the optionthe term should remain the same as that of the replaced option;
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise priceshould be set at fair market or a premium to market;
|
|
|
|
|
Participantsexecutive officers and directors should be excluded.
|
If the surrendered options are added back to the equity plans for re-issuance, then also take into
consideration the companys total cost of equity plans and its three-year average burn rate.
In addition to the above considerations, evaluate the intent, rationale, and timing of the
repricing proposal. The proposal should clearly articulate why the board is choosing to conduct an
exchange program at this point in time. Repricing underwater options after a recent precipitous
drop in the companys stock price demonstrates poor timing. Repricing after a recent decline in
stock price triggers additional scrutiny and a potential AGAINST vote on the proposal. At a
minimum, the decline should not have happened within the past year. Also, consider the terms of the
surrendered options, such as the grant date, exercise price and vesting schedule. Grant dates of
surrendered options should be far enough back (two to three years) so as not to suggest that
repricings are being done to take advantage of short-term downward price movements. Similarly, the
exercise price of surrendered options should be above the 52-week high for the stock price.
Vote FOR shareholder proposals to put option repricings to a shareholder vote.
Other Shareholder Proposals on Compensation
Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation (Say-on-Pay)
Generally, vote FOR shareholder proposals that call for non-binding shareholder ratification of the
compensation of the Named Executive Officers and the accompanying narrative disclosure of material
factors provided to understand the Summary Compensation Table.
Golden Coffins/Executive Death Benefits
Generally vote FOR proposals calling on companies to adopt a policy of obtaining shareholder
approval for any future agreements and corporate policies that could oblige the company to make
payments or awards following the death of a senior executive in the form of unearned salary or
bonuses, accelerated vesting or the continuation in force of unvested equity grants, perquisites
and other payments or awards made in lieu of compensation. This would not apply to any benefit
programs or equity plan proposals for which the broad- based employee population is eligible.
B-22
Appendix B
Share Buyback Holding Periods
Generally vote AGAINST shareholder proposals prohibiting executives from selling shares of company
stock during periods in which the company has announced that it may or will be repurchasing shares
of its stock. Vote FOR the proposal when there is a pattern of abuse by executives exercising
options or selling shares during periods of share buybacks.
Stock Ownership or Holding Period Guidelines
Generally vote AGAINST shareholder proposals that mandate a minimum amount of stock that directors
must own in order to qualify as a director or to remain on the board. While RMG favors stock
ownership on the part of directors, the company should determine the appropriate ownership
requirement.
Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder proposals asking companies to adopt policies requiring Named
Executive Officers to retain 75% of the shares acquired through compensation plans while employed
and/or for two years following the termination of their employment, and to report to shareholders
regarding this policy. The following factors will be taken into account:
|
|
|
|
Whether the company has any holding period, retention ratio, or officer ownership
requirements in place. These should consist of:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rigorous stock ownership guidelines, or
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A holding period requirement coupled with a significant long-term ownership
requirement, or
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A meaningful retention ratio,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Actual officer stock ownership and the degree to which it meets or exceeds the
proponents suggested holding period/ retention ratio or the companys own stock ownership
or retention requirements.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Problematic pay practices, current and past, which may promote a short-term versus a
long-term focus.
|
|
Tax Gross-Up Proposals
Generally vote FOR proposals asking companies to adopt a policy of not providing tax gross-up
payments to executives, except where gross-ups are provided pursuant to a plan, policy, or
arrangement applicable to management employees of the company, such as a relocation or expatriate
tax equalization policy.
B-23
Appendix B
9. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Issues
Overall Approach
When evaluating social and environmental shareholder proposals, RMG considers the following
factors:
|
|
|
|
Whether adoption of the proposal is likely to enhance or protect shareholder value;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Whether the information requested concerns business issues that relate to a meaningful
percentage of the companys business as measured by sales, assets, and earnings;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The degree to which the companys stated position on the issues raised in the proposal
could affect its reputation or sales, or leave it vulnerable to a boycott or selective
purchasing;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Whether the issues presented are more appropriately/ effectively dealt with through
governmental or company-specific action;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Whether the company has already responded in some appropriate manner to the request
embodied in the proposal;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Whether the companys analysis and voting recommendation to shareholders are
persuasive;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
What other companies have done in response to the issue addressed in the proposal;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Whether the proposal itself is well framed and the cost of preparing the report is
reasonable;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Whether implementation of the proposals request would achieve the proposals
objectives;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Whether the subject of the proposal is best left to the discretion of the board;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Whether the requested information is available to shareholders either from the company
or from a publicly available source; and
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Whether providing this information would reveal proprietary or confidential information
that would place the company at a competitive disadvantage.
|
|
Genetically Modified Ingredients
Generally vote AGAINST proposals asking suppliers, genetic research companies, restaurants and food
retail companies to voluntarily label genetically engineered (GE)
B-24
Appendix B
ingredients in their products and/or eliminate GE ingredients. The cost of labeling and/or phasing
out the use of GE ingredients may not be commensurate with the benefits to shareholders and is an
issue better left to regulators.
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals asking for a report on the feasibility of labeling products
containing GE ingredients taking into account:
|
|
|
|
The companys business and the proportion of it affected by the resolution;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The quality of the companys disclosure on GE product labeling, related voluntary
initiatives, and how this disclosure compares with industry peer disclosure; and
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Companys current disclosure on the feasibility of GE product labeling, including
information on the related costs.
|
|
Generally vote AGAINST proposals seeking a report on the social, health, and environmental effects
of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Studies of this sort are better undertaken by regulators
and the scientific community.
Generally vote AGAINST proposals to completely phase out GE ingredients from the companys products
or proposals asking for reports outlining the steps necessary to eliminate GE ingredients from the
companys products. Such resolutions presuppose that there are proven health risks to GE
ingredients (an issue better left to regulators) that may outweigh the economic benefits derived
from biotechnology.
Pharmaceutical Pricing, Access to Medicines, and Product Reimportation
Generally vote AGAINST proposals requesting that companies implement specific price restraints on
pharmaceutical products unless the company fails to adhere to legislative guidelines or industry
norms in its product pricing.
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals requesting that the company report on their product pricing policies
or their access to medicine policies, considering:
|
|
|
|
The nature of the companys business and the potential for reputational and market risk
exposure;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The existing disclosure of relevant policies;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deviation from established industry norms;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The companys existing, relevant initiatives to provide research and/or products to
disadvantaged consumers;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Whether the proposal focuses on specific products or geographic regions; and
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The potential cost and scope of the requested report.
|
|
B-25
Appendix B
Generally vote FOR proposals requesting that companies report on the financial and legal impact of
their prescription drug reimportation policies unless such information is already publicly
disclosed.
Generally vote AGAINST proposals requesting that companies adopt specific policies to encourage or
constrain prescription drug reimportation. Such matters are more appropriately the province of
legislative activity and may place the company at a competitive disadvantage relative to its peers.
Gender Identity, Sexual Orientation, and Domestic Partner Benefits
Generally vote FOR proposals seeking to amend a companys EEO statement or diversity policies to
prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation and/or gender identity, unless the change would
result in excessive costs for the company.
Generally vote AGAINST proposals to extend company benefits to, or eliminate benefits from domestic
partners. Decisions regarding benefits should be left to the discretion of the company.
Climate Change
Generally vote FOR resolutions requesting that a company disclose information on the impact of
climate change on the companys operations and investments considering whether:
|
|
|
|
The company already provides current, publicly-available information on the impacts
that climate change may have on the company as well as associated company policies and
procedures to address related risks and/or opportunities;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The companys level of disclosure is at least comparable to that of industry peers; and
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
There are no significant, controversies, fines, penalties, or litigation associated
with the companys environmental performance.
|
|
Lobbying Expenditures/Initiatives
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals requesting information on a companys lobbying initiatives,
considering:
|
|
|
|
Significant controversies, fines, or litigation surrounding a companys public policy
activities,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The companys current level of disclosure on lobbying strategy, and
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The impact that the policy issue may have on the companys business operations.
|
|
B-26
Appendix B
Political Contributions and Trade Association Spending
Generally vote AGAINST proposals asking the company to affirm political nonpartisanship in the
workplace so long as:
|
|
|
|
There are no recent, significant controversies, fines or litigation regarding the
companys political contributions or trade association spending; and
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The company has procedures in place to ensure that employee contributions to
company-sponsored political action committees (PACs) are strictly voluntary and prohibits
coercion.
|
|
Vote AGAINST proposals to publish in newspapers and public media the companys political
contributions. Such publications could present significant cost to the company without providing
commensurate value to shareholders.
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to improve the disclosure of a companys political contributions and
trade association spending, considering:
|
|
|
Recent significant controversy or litigation related to the companys political
contributions or governmental affairs; and
|
|
|
|
|
|
The public availability of a company policy on political contributions and trade
association spending including information on the types of organizations supported, the
business rationale for supporting these organizations, and the oversight and compliance
procedures related to such expenditures of corporate assets.
|
|
Vote AGAINST proposals barring the company from making political contributions. Businesses are
affected by legislation at the federal, state, and local level and barring political contributions
can put the company at a competitive disadvantage.
Vote AGAINST proposals asking for a list of company executives, directors, consultants, legal
counsels, lobbyists, or investment bankers that have prior government service and whether such
service had a bearing on the business of the company. Such a list would be burdensome to prepare
without providing any meaningful information to shareholders.
Labor and Human Rights Standards
Generally vote FOR proposals requesting a report on company or company supplier labor and/or human
rights standards and policies unless such information is already publicly disclosed.
B-27
Appendix B
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to implement company or company supplier labor and/or human rights
standards and policies, considering:
|
|
|
|
The degree to which existing relevant policies and practices are disclosed;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Whether or not existing relevant policies are consistent with internationally
recognized standards;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Whether company facilities and those of its suppliers are monitored and how;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Company participation in fair labor organizations or other internationally recognized
human rights initiatives;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Scope and nature of business conducted in markets known to have higher risk of
workplace labor/human rights abuse;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Recent, significant company controversies, fines, or litigation regarding human rights
at the company or its suppliers;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The scope of the request; and
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deviation from industry sector peer company standards and practices.
|
|
Sustainability Reporting
Generally vote FOR proposals requesting the company to report on its policies, initiatives, and
oversight mechanisms related to social, economic, and environmental sustainability, unless:
|
|
|
|
The company already discloses similar information through existing reports or policies
such as an Environment, Health, and Safety (EHS) report; a comprehensive Code of Corporate
Conduct; and/or a Diversity Report; or
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The company has formally committed to the implementation of a reporting program based
on Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) guidelines or a similar standard within a specified
time frame
|
|
B-28
Appendix B
2009 INTERNATIONAL PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES SUMMARY
JANUARY 15, 2009
Copyright © 2009 by RiskMetrics Group.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or
by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage
and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Requests for permission to
make copies of any part of this work should be sent to: RiskMetrics Group Marketing Department, One
Chase Manhattan Plaza, 44th Floor, New York, NY 10005. RiskMetrics Group is a trademark used herein
under license.
B-29
Appendix B
RISKMETRICS
2009 INTERNATIONAL PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES SUMMARY
Effective for Meetings on or after Feb. 1, 2009
Updated Jan. 15, 2009
The following is a condensed version of the general policies for voting non-U.S. proxies contained
in the RiskMetrics (RMG) Proxy Voting Manual. In addition, RMG has country- and market-specific
policies, which are not captured below.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.
|
|
OPERATIONAL ITEMS
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financial Results/Director and Auditor Reports
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appointment of Auditors and Auditor Fees
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Appointment of Internal Statutory Auditors
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allocation of Income
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stock (Scrip) Dividend Alternative
|
|
|
33
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amendments to Articles of Association
|
|
|
33
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Change in Company Fiscal Term
|
|
|
33
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lower Disclosure Threshold for Stock Ownership
|
|
|
33
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amend Quorum Requirements
|
|
|
33
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Transact Other Business
|
|
|
33
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.
|
|
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
|
|
|
34
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Director Elections
|
|
|
34
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
RMG Classification of Directors International Policy 2009
|
|
|
35
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
Discharge of Directors
|
|
|
36
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Director Compensation
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Director, Officer, and Auditor Indemnification and Liability Provisions
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Board Structure
|
|
|
37
|
|
B-30
Appendix B
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.
|
|
CAPITAL STRUCTURE
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Share Issuance Requests
|
|
|
38
|
|
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|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
Increases in Authorized Capital
|
|
|
38
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
Reduction of Capital
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital Structures
|
|
|
38
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
Preferred Stock
|
|
|
39
|
|
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|
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|
|
Debt Issuance Requests
|
|
|
39
|
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|
|
Pledging of Assets for Debt
|
|
|
39
|
|
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|
|
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|
|
|
|
Increase in Borrowing Powers
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
Share Repurchase Plans
|
|
|
39
|
|
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|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
Reissuance of Repurchased Shares
|
|
|
40
|
|
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|
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|
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|
|
Capitalization of Reserves for Bonus Issues/Increase in Par Value
|
|
|
40
|
|
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|
|
|
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|
|
4.
|
|
OTHER
|
|
|
41
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
Reorganizations/Restructurings
|
|
|
41
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
Mergers and Acquisitions
|
|
|
41
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
Mandatory Takeover Bid Waivers
|
|
|
41
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reincorporation Proposals
|
|
|
42
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expansion of Business Activities
|
|
|
42
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Related-Party Transactions
|
|
|
42
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Compensation Plans
|
|
|
42
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Antitakeover Mechanisms
|
|
|
42
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareholder Proposals
|
|
|
42
|
|
B-31
Appendix B
1. Operational Items
Financial Results/Director and Auditor Reports
Vote FOR approval of financial statements and director and auditor reports, unless:
|
|
|
There are concerns about the accounts presented or audit procedures used; or
|
|
|
|
|
The company is not responsive to shareholder questions about specific items that should
be publicly disclosed.
|
Appointment of Auditors and Auditor Fees
Vote FOR the reelection of auditors and proposals authorizing the board to fix auditor fees,
unless:
|
|
|
There are serious concerns about the accounts presented or the audit procedures used;
|
|
|
|
|
The auditors are being changed without explanation; or
|
|
|
|
|
Non-audit-related fees are substantial or are routinely in excess of standard annual
audit-related fees.
|
Vote AGAINST the appointment of external auditors if they have previously served the company in an
executive capacity or can otherwise be considered affiliated with the company.
Appointment of Internal Statutory Auditors
Vote FOR the appointment or reelection of statutory auditors, unless:
|
|
|
There are serious concerns about the statutory reports presented or the audit
procedures used;
|
|
|
|
|
Questions exist concerning any of the statutory auditors being appointed; or
|
|
|
|
|
The auditors have previously served the company in an executive capacity or can
otherwise be considered affiliated with the company.
|
Allocation of Income
Vote FOR approval of the allocation of income, unless:
|
|
|
The dividend payout ratio has been consistently below 30 percent without adequate
explanation; or
|
|
|
|
|
|
The payout is excessive given the companys financial position.
|
|
B-32
Appendix B
Stock (Scrip) Dividend Alternative
Vote FOR most stock (scrip) dividend proposals.
Vote AGAINST proposals that do not allow for a cash option unless management demonstrates that the
cash option is harmful to shareholder value.
Amendments to Articles of Association
Vote amendments to the articles of association on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Change in Company Fiscal Term
Vote FOR resolutions to change a companys fiscal term unless a companys motivation for the change
is to postpone its AGM.
Lower Disclosure Threshold for Stock Ownership
Vote AGAINST resolutions to lower the stock ownership disclosure threshold below 5 percent unless
specific reasons exist to implement a lower threshold.
Amend Quorum Requirements
Vote proposals to amend quorum requirements for shareholder meetings on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Transact Other Business
Vote AGAINST other business when it appears as a voting item.
B-33
Appendix B
2. Board of Directors
Director Elections
Vote FOR management nominees in the election of directors, unless:
|
|
|
Adequate disclosure has not been provided in a timely manner;
|
|
|
|
|
There are clear concerns over questionable finances or restatements;
|
|
|
|
|
There have been questionable transactions with conflicts of interest;
|
|
|
|
|
There are any records of abuses against minority shareholder interests; or
|
|
|
|
|
The board fails to meet minimum corporate governance standards.
|
Vote FOR individual nominees unless there are specific concerns about the individual, such as
criminal wrongdoing or breach of fiduciary responsibilities.
Vote AGAINST individual directors if repeated absences at board meetings have not been explained
(in countries where this information is disclosed).
Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis for contested elections of directors, e.g. the election of shareholder
nominees or the dismissal of incumbent directors, determining which directors are best suited to
add value for shareholders.
Vote FOR employee and/or labor representatives if they sit on either the audit or compensation
committee and are required by law to be on those committees. Vote AGAINST employee and/or labor
representatives if they sit on either the audit or compensation committee, if they are not required
to be on those committees.
[Please see the International Classification of Directors on the following page.]
B-34
Appendix B
RMG Classification of Directors International Policy 2009
Executive Director
|
|
|
Employee or executive of the company;
|
|
|
|
|
Any director who is classified as a non-executive, but receives salary, fees, bonus,
and/or other benefits that are in line with the highest-paid executives of the company.
|
Non-Independent Non-Executive Director (NED)
|
|
|
Any director who is attested by the board to be a non-independent NED;
|
|
|
|
|
Any director specifically designated as a representative of a significant shareholder
of the company;
|
|
|
|
|
Any director who is also an employee or executive of a significant shareholder of the
company;
|
|
|
|
|
Beneficial owner (direct or indirect) of at least 10% of the companys stock, either in
economic terms or in voting rights (this may be aggregated if voting power is distributed
among more than one member of a defined group, e.g., family members who beneficially own
less than 10% individually, but collectively own more than 10%), unless market best
practice dictates a lower ownership and/or disclosure threshold (and in other special
market-specific circumstances);
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|
Government representative;
|
|
|
|
|
Currently provides (or a relative
1
provides) professional
services
2
to the company, to an affiliate of the company, or to an individual
officer of the company or of one of its affiliates in excess of $10,000 per year;
|
|
|
|
|
Represents customer, supplier, creditor, banker, or other entity with which company
maintains transactional/commercial relationship (unless company discloses information to
apply a materiality test
3
;
|
|
|
|
|
Any director who has conflicting or cross-directorships with executive directors or the
chairman of the company;
|
|
|
|
|
Relative
1
of a current employee of the company or its affiliates;
|
|
|
|
|
Relative
1
of a former executive of the company or its affiliates;
|
|
|
|
|
A new appointee elected other than by a formal process through the General Meeting
(such as a contractual appointment by a substantial shareholder);
|
|
|
|
|
Founder/co-founder/member of founding family but not currently an employee;
|
|
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|
|
1
|
|
Relative follows the U.S. SECs definition of
immediate family members which covers spouses, parents, children,
stepparents, step-children, siblings, in-laws, and any person (other than a
tenant or employee) sharing the household of any director, nominee for
director, executive officer, or significant shareholder of the company.
|
|
|
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2
|
|
Professional services can be characterized as advisory
in nature and generally include the following: investment banking/financial
advisory services; commercial banking (beyond deposit services); investment
services; insurance services, accounting/audit services; consulting services;
marketing services; and legal services. The case of participation in a banking
syndicate by a non-lead bank should be considered a transaction (and hence
subject to the associated materiality test) rather than a professional
relationship.
|
|
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3
|
|
If the company makes or receives annual payments
exceeding the greater of $200,000 or five percent of the recipients gross
revenues (the recipient is the party receiving the financial proceeds from the
transaction).
|
|
B-35
Appendix B
|
|
|
Former executive (5 year cooling off period);
|
|
|
|
|
Years of service is generally not a determining factor unless it is recommended best
practice in a market and/or in extreme circumstances, in which case it may be considered.
4
|
Independent NED
|
|
|
No material
5
connection, either directly or indirectly, to the company
other than a board seat.
|
Employee Representative
|
|
|
Represents employees or employee shareholders of the company (classified as employee
representative but considered a non-independent NED).
|
Discharge of Directors
Generally vote FOR the discharge of directors, including members of the management board and/or
supervisory board, unless there is reliable information about significant and compelling
controversies that the board is not fulfilling its fiduciary duties warranted by:
|
|
|
|
A lack of oversight or actions by board members which invoke shareholder distrust
related to malfeasance or poor supervision, such as operating in private or company
interest rather than in shareholder interest; or
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Any legal issues (e.g. civil/criminal) aiming to hold the board responsible for breach
of trust in the past or related to currently alleged actions yet to be confirmed (and not
only the fiscal year in question), such as price fixing, insider trading, bribery, fraud,
and other illegal actions; or
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other egregious governance issues where shareholders will bring legal action against
the company or its directors.
|
|
For markets which do not routinely request discharge resolutions (e.g. common law countries or
markets where discharge is not mandatory), analysts may voice concern in other appropriate agenda
items, such as approval of the annual accounts or other relevant resolutions, to enable
shareholders to express discontent with the board.
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
For example, in continental Europe, directors with a
tenure exceeding 12 years will be considered non-independent. In the United
Kingdom and Ireland, directors with a tenure exceeding nine years will be
considered non-independent, unless the company provides sufficient and clear
justification that the director is independent despite his long tenure.
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
For purposes of RMG director independence
classification, material will be defined as a standard of relationship
financial, personal or otherwise) that a reasonable person might conclude could
potentially influence ones objectivity in the boardroom in a manner that would
have a meaningful impact on an individuals ability to satisfy requisite
fiduciary standards on behalf of shareholders.
|
|
B-36
Appendix B
Director Compensation
Vote FOR proposals to award cash fees to non-executive directors unless the amounts are excessive
relative to other companies in the country or industry.
Vote non-executive director compensation proposals that include both cash and share-based
components on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Vote proposals that bundle compensation for both non-executive and executive directors into a
single resolution on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Vote AGAINST proposals to introduce retirement benefits for non-executive directors.
Director, Officer, and Auditor Indemnification and Liability Provisions
Vote proposals seeking indemnification and liability protection for directors and officers on a
CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Vote AGAINST proposals to indemnify auditors.
Board Structure
Vote FOR proposals to fix board size.
Vote AGAINST the introduction of classified boards and mandatory retirement ages for directors.
Vote AGAINST proposals to alter board structure or size in the context of a fight for control of
the company or the board.
B-37
Appendix B
3. Capital Structure
Share Issuance Requests
General Issuances:
Vote FOR issuance requests with preemptive rights to a maximum of 100 percent over currently issued
capital.
Vote FOR issuance requests without preemptive rights to a maximum of 20 percent of currently issued
capital.
Specific Issuances:
Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis on all requests, with or without preemptive rights.
Increases in Authorized Capital
Vote FOR non-specific proposals to increase authorized capital up to 100 percent over the current
authorization unless the increase would leave the company with less than 30 percent of its new
authorization outstanding.
Vote FOR specific proposals to increase authorized capital to any amount, unless:
|
|
|
|
The specific purpose of the increase (such as a share-based acquisition or merger) does
not meet RMG guidelines for the purpose being proposed; or
|
|
|
|
|
|
The increase would leave the company with less than 30 percent of its new authorization
outstanding after adjusting for all proposed issuances.
|
Vote AGAINST proposals to adopt unlimited capital authorizations.
Reduction of Capital
Vote FOR proposals to reduce capital for routine accounting purposes unless the terms are
unfavorable to shareholders.
Vote proposals to reduce capital in connection with corporate restructuring on a CASE-BY-CASE
basis.
Capital Structures
Vote FOR resolutions that seek to maintain or convert to a one-share, one-vote capital structure.
Vote AGAINST requests for the creation or continuation of dual-class capital structures or the
creation of new or additional supervoting shares.
B-38
Appendix B
Preferred Stock
Vote FOR the creation of a new class of preferred stock or for issuances of preferred stock up to
50 percent of issued capital unless the terms of the preferred stock would adversely affect the
rights of existing shareholders.
Vote FOR the creation/issuance of convertible preferred stock as long as the maximum number of
common shares that could be issued upon conversion meets RMG guidelines on equity issuance
requests.
Vote AGAINST the creation of a new class of preference shares that would carry superior voting
rights to the common shares.
Vote AGAINST the creation of blank check preferred stock unless the board clearly states that the
authorization will not be used to thwart a takeover bid.
Vote proposals to increase blank check preferred authorizations on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Debt Issuance Requests
Vote non-convertible debt issuance requests on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, with or without preemptive
rights.
Vote FOR the creation/issuance of convertible debt instruments as long as the maximum number of
common shares that could be issued upon conversion meets RMG guidelines on equity issuance
requests.
Vote FOR proposals to restructure existing debt arrangements unless the terms of the restructuring
would adversely affect the rights of shareholders.
Pledging of Assets for Debt
Vote proposals to approve the pledging of assets for debt on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Increase in Borrowing Powers
Vote proposals to approve increases in a companys borrowing powers on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Share Repurchase Plans
Generally vote FOR share repurchase programs/market repurchase authorities, provided that the
proposal meets the following parameters:
|
|
|
|
Maximum volume: 10 percent for market repurchase within any single authority and 10
percent of outstanding shares to be kept in treasury (on the shelf);
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Duration does not exceed 18 months.
|
|
B-39
Appendix B
For markets that either generally do not specify the maximum duration of the authority or seek a
duration beyond 18 months that is allowable under market specific legislation, RMG will assess the
companys historic practice. If there is evidence that a company has sought shareholder approval
for the authority to repurchase shares on an annual basis, RMG will support the proposed authority.
In addition, vote AGAINST any proposal where:
|
|
|
|
The repurchase can be used for takeover defenses;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
There is clear evidence of abuse;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
There is no safeguard against selective buybacks;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pricing provisions and safeguards are deemed to be unreasonable in light of market
practice.
|
|
RMG may support share repurchase plans in excess of 10 percent volume under exceptional
circumstances, such as one-off company specific events (e.g. capital re-structuring). Such
proposals will be assessed case-by-case based on merits, which should be clearly disclosed in the
annual report, provided that following conditions are met:
|
|
|
|
The overall balance of the proposed plan seems to be clearly in shareholders
interests;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The plan still respects the 10 percent maximum of shares to be kept in treasury.
|
|
Reissuance of Repurchased Shares
Vote FOR requests to reissue any repurchased shares unless there is clear evidence of abuse of this
authority in the past.
Capitalization of Reserves for Bonus Issues/Increase in Par Value
Vote FOR requests to capitalize reserves for bonus issues of shares or to increase par value.
B-40
Appendix B
4. Other
Reorganizations/Restructurings
Vote reorganizations and restructurings on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Mergers and Acquisitions
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on mergers and acquisitions taking into account the following:
For every M&A analysis, RMG reviews publicly available information as of the date of the report and
evaluates the merits and drawbacks of the proposed transaction, balancing various and sometimes
countervailing factors including:
|
|
|
|
Valuation Is the value to be received by the target shareholders (or paid by the
acquirer) reasonable? While the fairness opinion may provide an initial starting point for
assessing valuation reasonableness, RMG places emphasis on the offer premium, market
reaction, and strategic rationale.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Market reaction How has the market responded to the proposed deal? A negative market
reaction will cause RMG to scrutinize a deal more closely.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Strategic rationale Does the deal make sense strategically? From where is the value
derived? Cost and revenue synergies should not be overly aggressive or optimistic, but
reasonably achievable. Management should also have a favorable track record of successful
integration of historical acquisitions.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conflicts of interest Are insiders benefiting from the transaction disproportionately
and inappropriately as compared to non-insider shareholders? RMG will consider whether any
special interests may have influenced these directors and officers to support or recommend
the merger.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Governance Will the combined company have a better or worse governance profile than
the current governance profiles of the respective parties to the transaction? If the
governance profile is to change for the worse, the burden is on the company to prove that
other issues (such as valuation) outweigh any deterioration in governance.
|
Vote AGAINST if the companies do not provide sufficient information upon request to make an
informed voting decision.
Mandatory Takeover Bid Waivers
Vote proposals to waive mandatory takeover bid requirements on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
B-41
Appendix B
Reincorporation Proposals
Vote reincorporation proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Expansion of Business Activities
Vote FOR resolutions to expand business activities unless the new business takes the company into
risky areas.
Related-Party Transactions
Vote related-party transactions on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Compensation Plans
Vote compensation plans on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Antitakeover Mechanisms
Generally vote AGAINST all antitakeover proposals, unless they are structured in such a way that
they give shareholders the ultimate decision on any proposal or offer.
Shareholder Proposals
Vote all shareholder proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Vote FOR proposals that would improve the companys corporate governance or business profile at a
reasonable cost.
Vote AGAINST proposals that limit the companys business activities or capabilities or result in
significant costs being incurred with little or no benefit.
B-42
Appendix B
Exhibit B
Modifications to recommendations set forth in the RMG Proxy Voting Manual
Shareholder Ability to Act by Written Consent
Vote FOR proposals to restrict or prohibit shareholder activity to take action by written consent.
Vote AGAINST proposals to allow or make easier shareholder action by written consent.
Cumulative Voting
Vote FOR proposals to eliminate cumulative voting.
Vote AGAINST proposals to restore or provide for cumulative voting.
Incumbent Director Nominees
Vote WITH managements recommendations regarding incumbent director nominees.
B-43
GMO TRUST
PART C.
OTHER INFORMATION
Item 23.
Exhibits
(a)
|
1.
|
|
Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust of GMO Trust (the Trust
or Registrant), dated June 23, 2000 (the Declaration of Trust);
4
|
|
|
2.
|
|
Amendment Nos. 1-8 to the Declaration of Trust;
7
|
|
|
3.
|
|
Amendment Nos. 9-10 to the Declaration of Trust;
9
|
|
|
4.
|
|
Amendment No. 11 to the Declaration of Trust;
11
|
|
|
5.
|
|
Amendment No. 12 to the Declaration of Trust;
12
|
|
|
6.
|
|
Amendment No. 13 to the Declaration of Trust;
13
|
|
|
7.
|
|
Amendment No. 14 to the Declaration of Trust;
26
|
|
|
8.
|
|
Amendment No. 15 to the Declaration of Trust;
26
|
|
|
9.
|
|
Amendment No. 16 to the Declaration of Trust;
14
|
|
|
10.
|
|
Amendment No. 17 to the Declaration of Trust;
26
|
|
|
11.
|
|
Amendment No. 18 to the Declaration of Trust;
15
|
|
|
12.
|
|
Amendment No. 19 to the Declaration of Trust;
17
|
|
|
13.
|
|
Amendment No. 20 to the Declaration of Trust;
18
|
|
|
14.
|
|
Amendment No. 21 to the Declaration of Trust;
19
|
|
|
15.
|
|
Amendment Nos. 22-25 to the Declaration of Trust;
20
|
|
|
16.
|
|
Amendment No. 26 to the Declaration of Trust;
21
|
|
|
17.
|
|
Amendment No. 27 to the Declaration of Trust;
22
|
|
|
18.
|
|
Amendment Nos. 28-29 to the Declaration of Trust;
23
|
|
|
19.
|
|
Amendment No. 30 to the Declaration of Trust;
26
|
|
|
20.
|
|
Amendment Nos. 31-32 to the Declaration of Trust;
27
|
|
|
21.
|
|
Amendment No. 33 to the Declaration of Trust;
29
|
|
|
22.
|
|
Amendment Nos. 34-35 to the Declaration of Trust;
31
and
|
|
|
23.
|
|
Amendment Nos. 36-37 to the Declaration of Trust;
33
|
|
(b)
|
|
|
Amended and Restated By-laws of the Trust, effective as of March 1, 2007 (the
By-laws).
27
|
|
(c)
|
1.
|
|
Please refer to Article III (Shares) and Article V (Shareholders Voting Powers
and Meetings) of the Declaration of Trust, which is hereby incorporated by
reference;
4
and
|
|
|
2.
|
|
Please refer to Article 2 (Meetings of Shareholders) of
the By-laws, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
20
|
|
(d)
|
1.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Tobacco-Free
Core Fund, and Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co. LLC (GMO);
26
|
|
|
2.
|
|
Amended and Restated Management Contract, dated as of June 30, 2008,
between the Trust, on behalf of GMO International Intrinsic Value Fund (formerly GMO
International Core Fund), and GMO;
31
|
|
3.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Currency
Hedged International Equity Fund (formerly GMO Currency Hedged International Core
Fund), and GMO;
26
|
|
|
4.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO
International Small Companies Fund, and;
26
|
|
|
5.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Emerging
Markets Fund, and GMO;
26
|
|
|
6.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Emerging
Countries Fund (formerly GMO Evolving Countries Fund), and GMO;
26
|
|
|
7.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Domestic
Bond Fund, and GMO;
26
|
|
|
8.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO
International Bond Fund, and GMO;
26
|
|
|
9.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Currency
Hedged International Bond Fund, and GMO;
26
|
|
|
10.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Emerging
Country Debt Fund, and GMO;
26
|
|
|
11.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO
Short-Duration Investment Fund (formerly GMO Short-Term Income Fund), and
GMO;
26
|
|
|
12.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Alpha Only
Fund (formerly GMO Global Hedged Equity Fund), and GMO;
26
|
|
|
13.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO
Benchmark-Free Allocation Fund, and GMO;
26
|
|
|
14.
|
|
Form of Amended and Restated Management Contract, dated as of June 30,
2006, between the Trust, on behalf of GMO U.S. Equity Allocation Fund (formerly GMO
U.S. Sector Fund and GMO U.S. Sector Allocation Fund), and GMO;
26
|
|
|
15.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Taiwan
Fund, and GMO;
26
|
|
|
16.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Global Bond
Fund, and GMO;
26
|
|
|
17.
|
|
Form of Amended and Restated Management Contract, dated as of June 30,
2006, between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Real Estate Fund (formerly GMO REIT
Fund), and GMO;
26
|
|
|
18.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Foreign
Fund, and GMO;
26
|
|
|
19.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO
International Equity Allocation Fund, and GMO;
1
|
|
|
20.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Global
Balanced Asset Allocation Fund (formerly GMO World Balanced Allocation Fund and
GMO World Equity Allocation Fund), and GMO;
2
|
|
21.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Global
Equity Allocation Fund (formerly GMO Global (U.S.+) Equity Allocation Fund), and
GMO;
2
|
|
|
22.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Core Plus
Bond Fund (formerly GMO U.S. Bond/Global Alpha A Fund and GMO Global Fund), and
GMO;
26
|
|
|
23.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Tax-Managed
U.S. Equities Fund, and GMO;
26
|
|
|
24.
|
|
Amended and Restated Management Contract, dated as of June 30, 2008,
between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Tax-Managed International Equities Fund, and
GMO;
31
|
|
|
25.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Special
Purpose Holding Fund (formerly GMO Alpha LIBOR Fund), and GMO;
3
|
|
|
26.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Foreign
Small Companies Fund, and GMO;
4
|
|
|
27.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO
Short-Duration Collateral Fund, and GMO;
7
|
|
|
28.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO U.S.
Quality Equity Fund, and GMO;
10
|
|
|
29.
|
|
Amended and Restated Management Contract, dated as of June 30, 2008,
between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Global Growth Fund, and GMO;
31
|
|
|
30.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO World
Opportunity Overlay Fund, and GMO;
15
|
|
|
31.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Strategic
Opportunities Allocation Fund (formerly GMO Strategic Balanced Allocation Fund),
and GMO;
16
|
|
|
32.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO World
Opportunities Equity Allocation Fund, and GMO;
16
|
|
|
33.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Alternative
Asset Opportunity Fund, and GMO;
17
|
|
|
34.
|
|
Amended and Restated Management Contract, dated as of June 30, 2008,
between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Developed World Stock Fund, and GMO;
31
|
|
|
35.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO U.S. Core
Equity Fund, and GMO;
21
|
|
|
36.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO U.S.
Intrinsic Value Fund, and GMO;
21
|
|
|
37.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO U.S. Growth
Fund, and GMO;
21
|
|
|
38.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO U.S.
Small/Mid Cap Value Fund, and GMO;
21
|
|
|
39.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO U.S.
Small/Mid Cap Growth Fund, and GMO;
21
|
|
|
40.
|
|
Form of Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO
International Core Equity Fund, and GMO;
21
|
|
41.
|
|
Amended and Restated Management Contract, dated as of June 30, 2008,
between the Trust, on behalf of GMO International Growth Equity Fund, and
GMO;
31
|
|
|
42.
|
|
Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Short-Duration
Collateral Share Fund, and GMO;
22
|
|
|
43.
|
|
Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Strategic Fixed
Income Fund, and GMO;
24
|
|
|
44.
|
|
Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO International
Opportunities Equity Allocation Fund, and GMO;
24
|
|
|
45.
|
|
Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Inflation Indexed
Plus Bond Fund, and GMO;
25
|
|
|
46.
|
|
Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Special Situations
Fund, and GMO;
29
|
|
|
47.
|
|
Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Flexible Equities
Fund, and GMO;
32
|
|
|
48.
|
|
Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Arlington Fund, and
GMO;
33
|
|
|
49.
|
|
Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Berkeley Fund, and
GMO;
33
|
|
|
50.
|
|
Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Clarendon Fund, and
GMO;
33
|
|
|
51.
|
|
Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Dartmouth Fund, and
GMO;
33
|
|
|
52.
|
|
Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO U.S. Treasury Fund,
and GMO Exhibit (d)(52); and
|
|
|
53.
|
|
Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Asset Allocation
Bond Fund, and GMO Exhibit (d)(53).
|
|
(e)
|
1.
|
|
Distribution Agreement (the Distribution Agreement), dated August 1, 2007,
between the Trust, on behalf of the Funds listed on Schedule A thereto, as Schedule A may
be amended from time to time, and Funds Distributor, LLC.
30
|
|
(i)
|
|
Schedule A to the Distribution Agreement as amended as of March 12, 2009
Exhibit (e)1(i).
|
(f)
|
|
|
None.
|
|
(g)
|
1.
|
|
Form of Custodian Agreement (the IBT Custodian Agreement), dated August 1, 1991,
among the Trust, on behalf of certain Funds listed therein, GMO and Investors Bank & Trust
Company (IBT), as amended from time to time to include GMO Tobacco-Free Core Fund, GMO
Domestic Bond Fund, GMO International Bond Fund, GMO Currency Hedged International Bond
Fund, GMO Emerging Country Debt Fund, GMO Benchmark-Free Allocation Fund, GMO U.S. Equity
Allocation Fund, GMO Global Bond Fund, GMO Real Estate Fund, GMO
International
|
|
|
|
Equity Allocation Fund, GMO Global Balanced Asset Allocation Fund,
GMO Global Equity Allocation Fund, GMO Inflation Indexed Bond Fund, GMO Core Plus
Bond Fund, GMO Tax-Managed U.S. Equities Fund, GMO Emerging Country Debt Share
Fund, GMO Special Purpose Holding Fund, GMO Short-Duration Collateral Fund, GMO
U.S. Quality Equity Fund, GMO World Opportunity Overlay Fund, GMO Strategic
Opportunities Allocation Fund, GMO World Opportunities Equity Allocation Fund, GMO
U.S. Small/Mid Cap Value Fund, GMO U.S. Small/Mid Cap Growth Fund, GMO U.S. Growth
Fund, GMO U.S. Intrinsic Value Fund, GMO U.S. Core Equity Fund, GMO Short-Duration
Collateral Share Fund, GMO Strategic Fixed Income Fund, GMO International
Opportunities Equity Allocation Fund, GMO Inflation Indexed Plus Bond Fund, GMO
Special Situations Fund, GMO Arlington Fund, GMO Berkeley Fund, GMO Clarendon Fund,
GMO Dartmouth Fund, GMO U.S. Treasury Fund, and GMO Asset Allocation Bond
Fund;
26
|
|
(i)
|
|
Letter Amendment to the IBT Custodian Agreement, dated May
30, 2003, among the Trust, GMO and IBT;
9
|
|
|
(ii)
|
|
Letter Amendment to the IBT Custodian Agreement, dated July
25, 2007, among the Trust, GMO and State Street Bank and Trust Company (State
Street Bank) (as successor by merger to IBT);
29
|
|
|
(iii)
|
|
Letter Amendment to the IBT Custodian Agreement, dated March
10, 2009, among the Trust, GMO and State Street Bank and Trust Company (State
Street Bank) (as successor by merger to IBT) Exhibit (g)1(iii);
|
|
2.
|
|
Form of Custodian Agreement (the BBH Custodian Agreement), dated June
29, 2001, between the Trust, on behalf of certain Funds listed on Schedule I
thereto, and Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. (BBH), as amended from time to time to
include GMO Taiwan Fund, GMO Global Growth Fund, GMO Developed World Stock Fund, GMO
International Growth Equity Fund, GMO International Core Equity Fund, and GMO
Flexible Equities Fund;
6
|
|
(i)
|
|
Letter Amendment to the BBH Custodian Agreement, dated June
4, 2003, among the Trust and BBH;
9
|
|
|
(ii)
|
|
Letter Amendment to the BBH Custodian Agreement, dated June
16, 2008, among the Trust and BBH;
32
|
|
3.
|
|
Form of Accounting Agency Agreement (the Accounting Agency Agreement),
dated June 29, 2001, between the Trust, on behalf of certain Funds listed on
Schedule I thereto, and BBH, as amended to include GMO Taiwan Fund and GMO Flexible
Equities Fund;
6
|
|
(i)
|
|
Form of Second Amendment to the Accounting Agency Agreement,
dated November 22, 2005, between the Trust, on behalf of the Funds listed on
Schedule I thereto, and BBH;
26
|
|
|
(ii)
|
|
Letter Amendment to the Accounting Agency Agreement, dated
June 16, 2008, between the Trust and BBH;
32
|
|
4.
|
|
Form of 17f-5 Delegation Schedule (the Delegation Schedule), dated June
29, 2001, between the Trust, on behalf of certain Funds listed on Schedule 1
thereto, and BBH, as amended from time to time to include GMO Taiwan Fund, GMO
Developed World Stock Fund, GMO International Growth Equity Fund, GMO International
Core Equity Fund, and GMO Flexible Equities Fund;
6
|
|
(i)
|
|
Letter Amendment to the Delegation Schedule, dated June 16,
2008, among the Trust and BBH;
32
|
|
5.
|
|
Form of Amended and Restated Delegation Agreement (the Delegation
Agreement), dated June 29, 2001, between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Core Plus Bond
Fund, GMO International Bond Fund, GMO Currency Hedged International Bond Fund, GMO
Global Bond Fund, GMO Emerging Country Debt Fund, and GMO Emerging Country Debt
Share Fund, and IBT, as amended from time to time to include GMO Short-Duration
Collateral Fund, GMO Alternative Asset Opportunity Fund, GMO Strategic Opportunities
Allocation Fund, GMO World Opportunities Equity Allocation Fund, GMO U.S. Small/Mid
Cap Value Fund, GMO U.S. Small/Mid Cap Growth Fund, GMO U.S. Growth Fund, GMO U.S.
Intrinsic Value Fund, GMO U.S. Core Equity Fund, GMO Short-Duration Collateral Share
Fund, GMO Strategic Fixed Income Fund, GMO International Opportunities Equity
Allocation Fund, GMO Inflation Indexed Plus Bond Fund, GMO Special Situations Fund,
GMO Arlington Fund, GMO Berkeley Fund, GMO Clarendon Fund, GMO Dartmouth Fund, GMO
U.S. Treasury Fund, and GMO Asset Allocation Bond Fund;
6
|
|
(i)
|
|
Letter Amendment to the Delegation Agreement, dated July 25,
2007, among the Trust, GMO and State Street Bank (as successor by merger to
IBT);
29
|
|
|
(ii)
|
|
Letter Amendment to the Delegation Agreement, dated March 10,
2009, among the Trust, GMO and State Street Bank (as successor by merger to
IBT) Exhibit (g)5(ii).
|
(h)
|
1.
|
|
Form of Transfer Agency and Service Agreement (the Transfer Agency and Service
Agreement), dated August 1, 1991, among the Trust, on behalf of certain Funds listed
therein, GMO and IBT, as amended from time to time to include GMO Global Bond Fund, GMO
Real Estate Fund, GMO Foreign Fund, GMO International Equity Allocation Fund, GMO Global
Balanced Asset Allocation Fund, GMO Global Equity Allocation Fund, GMO Inflation Indexed
Bond Fund, GMO Small/Mid Cap Growth Fund, GMO Core Plus Bond Fund, GMO Tax-Managed
International Equities Fund, GMO Tax-Managed U.S. Equities Fund, GMO Emerging Country Debt
Share Fund, GMO Special Purpose Holding Fund, GMO Foreign Small Companies Fund, GMO
Short-Duration Collateral Fund, GMO U.S. Quality Equity Fund, GMO World Opportunity
Overlay Fund,
GMO Strategic Opportunities Allocation Fund, GMO World Opportunities Equity
Allocation Fund, GMO Developed World Stock
|
|
|
|
Fund, GMO International Growth Equity
Fund, GMO International Core Equity Fund, GMO U.S. Small/Mid Cap Value Fund, GMO
U.S. Small/Mid Cap Growth Fund, GMO U.S. Growth Fund, GMO U.S. Intrinsic Value
Fund, GMO U.S. Core Equity Fund, GMO Short-Duration Collateral Share Fund, GMO
Strategic Fixed Income Fund, GMO International Opportunities Equity Allocation
Fund, GMO Inflation Indexed Plus Bond Fund, GMO Special Situations Fund, GMO
Flexible Equities Fund, GMO Arlington Fund, GMO Berkeley Fund, GMO Clarendon Fund,
GMO Dartmouth Fund, GMO U.S. Treasury Fund, and GMO Asset Allocation Bond
Fund;
26
|
|
(i)
|
|
Letter Amendment to the Transfer Agency and Service
Agreement, dated July 25, 2007, among the Trust, GMO and State Street Bank (as
successor by merger to IBT);
29
|
|
|
(ii)
|
|
Letter Amendment to the Transfer Agency and Service
Agreement, dated June 16, 2008, among the Trust, GMO and State Street Bank (as
successor by merger to IBT);
32
|
|
|
(iii)
|
|
Letter Amendment to the Transfer Agency and Service
Agreement, dated March 10, 2009, among the Trust, GMO and State Street Bank
(as successor by merger to IBT) Exhibit (h)1(iii).
|
|
2.
|
|
Notification of Undertaking to Reimburse Certain Fund Expenses by GMO to
the Trust, dated as of March 13, 2009 Exhibit (h)2;
and
|
|
|
3.
|
|
Amended and Restated Servicing Agreement, dated May 30, 1996, as amended
and restated effective December 4, 2008, between the Trust, on behalf of certain
Funds listed on Exhibit I thereto, and GMO Exhibit (h)3.
|
(i)
|
|
Opinion and Consent of Ropes & Gray LLP Exhibit (i).
|
|
(j)
|
|
Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP Exhibit (j).
|
|
(k)
|
|
Financial StatementsNot applicable.
|
|
(l)
|
|
None.
|
(m)
|
1.
|
|
GMO Trust Amended and Restated Distribution and Service Plan (Class M), dated as
of November 15, 2001, as amended and restated as of June 30, 2008, on behalf of certain
Funds listed on Appendix A thereto;
31
|
|
|
2.
|
|
Amended and Restated Administration Agreement, dated as of June 30, 2008,
on behalf of certain Funds listed on Exhibit I thereto;
31
|
|
|
3.
|
|
Form of Service Agreement (Service Agreement), dated October 1, 2001,
between American Express Financial Advisors Inc. and the Trust, on behalf of certain
Funds listed on Schedule A thereto, as Schedule A may be amended from time to
time;
5
|
|
(i)
|
|
Second Amendment to Service Agreement, dated September 9,
2005, between American Express Financial Advisors Inc. and the Trust, on
behalf of certain Funds listed on Schedule A thereto;
26
|
|
(ii)
|
|
Assignment Agreement, effective as of April 2, 2007, between
Wachovia Bank, Ameriprise Financial Services, Inc. (f/k/a American Express
Financial Advisors Inc.) and the Trust, on behalf of certain Funds listed on
Schedule A thereto;
28
|
|
4.
|
|
Form of Services Agreement, dated as of March 2002, between Fidelity
Brokerage Services LLC and National Financial Services LLC, and the Trust, on behalf
of certain Funds listed on Exhibit B thereto;
6
|
|
|
5.
|
|
Funds Trading Agreement (Funds Trading Agreement), dated July 1, 2001,
between Fidelity Investments Institutional Operations Company, Inc. (FIIOC), IBT,
GMO, and the Trust, on behalf of certain Funds listed on Exhibit A
thereto;
26
|
|
(i)
|
|
Second Amendment to Funds Trading Agreement, dated as of
April 1, 2003, between FIIOC, IBT, GMO and the Trust, on behalf of certain
Funds listed on Exhibit A thereto;
26
|
|
|
(ii)
|
|
Third Amendment to Funds Trading Agreement, dated as of
November 28, 2003, between FIIOC, IBT, GMO and the Trust, on behalf of certain
Funds listed on Exhibit A thereto;
26
|
|
|
(iii)
|
|
Fourth Amendment to Funds Trading Agreement, dated as of
April 1, 2004, between FIIOC, IBT, GMO and the Trust, on behalf of certain
Funds listed on Exhibit A thereto;
26
|
|
|
(iv)
|
|
Fifth Amendment to Funds Trading Agreement, dated as of
February 1, 2005, between FIIOC, IBT, GMO and the Trust, on behalf of certain
Funds listed on Exhibit A thereto;
26
|
|
|
(v)
|
|
Sixth Amendment to Funds Trading Agreement, dated as of July,
2005, between FIIOC, IBT, GMO and the Trust, on behalf of certain Funds listed
on Exhibit A thereto;
26
|
|
|
(vi)
|
|
Seventh Amendment to Funds Trading Agreement, dated as of
September, 2005, between FIIOC, IBT, GMO and the Trust, on behalf of certain
Funds listed on Exhibit A thereto;
26
|
|
6.
|
|
Form of Funds Trading Agreement (BBH Funds Trading Agreement), dated
July 1, 2001, between FIIOC, IBT, BBH, GMO and the Trust on behalf of certain Funds
listed on Exhibit A thereto;
6
|
|
(i)
|
|
Form of First Amendment to the BBH Funds Trading Agreement,
dated January 1, 2002, between FIIOC, IBT, BBH, GMO, and the Trust, on behalf
of certain Funds listed on Exhibit A thereto;
6
|
|
|
(ii)
|
|
Second Amendment to the BBH Funds Trading Agreement, dated
July 1, 2002, between FIIOC, IBT, BBH, GMO, and the Trust, on behalf of
certain Funds listed on Exhibit A thereto;
26
|
|
7.
|
|
Form of Shareholder Services Agreement (Shareholder Services
Agreement), dated as of October 31, 2001, between Citistreet LLC (Citistreet) and
the Trust, on behalf of certain Funds listed on Attachment A thereto;
9
|
|
(i)
|
|
First Amendment to Shareholder Services Agreement, dated as
of May 6, 2002, between Citistreet and the Trust, on behalf of certain Funds
listed on Attachment A thereto;
26
|
|
(ii)
|
|
Second Amendment to Shareholder Services Agreement, dated as
of October 15, 2002, between Citistreet and the Trust, on behalf of certain
Funds listed on Attachment A thereto;
26
|
|
|
(iii)
|
|
Third Amendment to Shareholder Services Agreement, dated as
of April 30, 2003, between Citistreet and the Trust, on behalf of certain
Funds listed on Attachment A thereto;
26
|
|
|
(iv)
|
|
Fourth Amendment to Shareholder Services Agreement, dated as
of July 1, 2005, between Citistreet and the Trust, on behalf of certain Funds
listed on Attachment A thereto;
26
and
|
|
|
(v)
|
|
Fifth Amendment to Shareholder Services Agreement, dated as
of September 1, 2005, between Citistreet and the Trust, on behalf of certain
Funds listed on Attachment A thereto.
26
|
(n)
|
|
|
Plan pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, effective June
1, 1996, as amended and restated June 16, 2008.
31
|
|
(o)
|
|
|
Reserved.
|
|
(p)
|
1.
|
|
GMO Code of Ethics, dated October 1, 2008, adopted by GMO, GMO Australasia LLC,
GMO Australia Ltd., GMO Singapore PTE Ltd., GMO Switzerland GMBH, GMO U.K. Ltd., GMO
Woolley Ltd., GMO Renewable Resources LLC, GMO Renewable Resources (in New Zealand), and
GMO Renewable Resources Uruguay, SRL Exhibit (p)1.
|
|
|
2.
|
|
GMO Trust Code of Ethics, dated September 5, 2008, adopted by the
Trust.
33
|
|
|
3.
|
|
Code of Ethics for the Independent Trustees of GMO Trust, dated as of May
31, 2006, adopted by the Board of Trustees of the Trust.
27
|
|
|
|
1.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 27 to the Registration
Statement under the Securities Act of 1933 (the 1933 Act) and Post-Effective Amendment No. 28 to
the Registration Statement under the Investment Company Act of 1940 Act (the 1940 Act) on March
13, 1996, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
2.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 29 to the Registration
Statement under the 1933 Act and Post-Effective Amendment No. 30 to the Registration Statement
under the 1940 Act on June 28, 1996, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
3.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 60 to the Registration
Statement under the 1940 Act on December 30, 1999, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
4.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 63 to the Registration
Statement under the 1940 Act on July 3, 2000, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
5.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 63 to the Registration
Statement under the 1933 Act and Post-Effective Amendment No. 76 to the Registration Statement
under the 1940 Act on March 1, 2002, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
6.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 to the Registration
Statement under the 1933 Act and Post-Effective Amendment No. 77 to the Registration Statement
under the 1940 Act on May 1, 2002, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
7.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 84 to the Registration
Statement under the 1940 Act on November 26, 2002, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
8.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 70 to the Registration
Statement under the 1933 Act and Post-Effective Amendment No. 87 to the Registration Statement
under the 1940 Act on May 1, 2003, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
|
|
9.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 71 to the Registration
Statement under the 1933 Act and Post-Effective Amendment No. 89 to the Registration Statement
under the 1940 Act on June 30, 2003, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
10.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 to the Registration
Statement under the 1933 Act and Post-Effective Amendment No. 90 to the Registration Statement
under the 1940 Act on October 31, 2003, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
11.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 75 to the Registration
Statement under the 1933 Act and Post-Effective Amendment No. 94 to the Registration Statement
under the 1940 Act on January 23, 2004, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
12.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 96 to the Registration
Statement under the 1940 Act on March 29, 2004, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
13.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 104 to the Registration
Statement under the 1940 Act on June 25, 2004, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
14.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 95 to the Registration
Statement under the 1933 Act and Post-Effective Amendment No. 120 to the Registration Statement
under the 1940 Act on September 22, 2004, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
15.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 126 to the Registration
Statement under the 1940 Act on November 18, 2004, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
16.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 105 to the Registration
Statement under the 1933 Act and Post-Effective Amendment No. 131 to the Registration Statement
under the 1940 Act on March 15, 2005, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
17.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 132 to the Registration
Statement under the 1940 Act on March 29, 2005, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
18.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 107 to the Registration
Statement under the 1933 Act and Post-Effective Amendment No. 134 to the Registration Statement
under the 1940 Act on April 29, 2005, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
19.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 109 to the Registration
Statement under the 1933 Act and Post-Effective Amendment No. 136 to the Registration Statement
under the 1940 Act on May 27, 2005, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
20.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 113 to the Registration
Statement under the 1933 Act and Post-Effective Amendment No. 141 to the Registration Statement
under the 1940 Act on June 30, 2005, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
21.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 114 to the Registration
Statement under the 1933 Act and Post-Effective Amendment No. 142 to the Registration Statement
under the 1940 Act on August 17, 2005, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
22.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 118 to the Registration
Statement under the 1933 Act and Post-Effective Amendment No. 146 to the Registration Statement
under the 1940 Act on March 1, 2006, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
23.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 122 to the Registration
Statement under the 1933 Act and Post-Effective Amendment No. 150 to the Registration Statement
under the 1940 Act on May 1, 2006, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
24.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 123 to the Registration
Statement under the 1933 Act and Post-Effective Amendment No. 151 to the Registration Statement
under the 1940 Act on May 17, 2006, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
25.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 125 to the Registration
Statement under the 1933 Act and Post-Effective Amendment No. 153 to the Registration Statement
under the 1940 Act on May 31, 2006, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
26.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 154 to the Registration
Statement under the 1940 Act on June 28, 2006, and hereby incorporated by reference.
|
|
27.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 127 to the Registration
Statement under the 1933 Act and Post-Effective Amendment No. 156 to the Registration Statement
under the 1940 Act on May 1, 2007.
|
|
28.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 128 to the Registration
Statement under the 1933 Act and Post-Effective Amendment No. 158 to the Registration Statement
under the 1940 Act on June 29, 2007.
|
|
29.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 159 to the Registration
Statement under the 1940 Act on July 27, 2007.
|
|
30.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 129 to the Registration
Statement under the 1933 Act and Post-Effective Amendment No. 160 to the Registration Statement
under the 1940 Act on May 1, 2008.
|
|
31.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 161 to the Registration
Statement under the 1940 Act on June 27, 2008.
|
|
32.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 163 to the Registration
Statement under the 1940 Act on July 25, 2008.
|
|
33.
|
|
Previously filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 164 to the Registration
Statement under the 1940 Act on December 24, 2008.
|
|
|
|
Item 24.
|
|
Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with a Fund
|
|
|
|
|
|
Controlling Fund
|
|
Person Controlled
|
|
Nature of Control
|
GMO Alternative Asset
|
|
GMO Alternative Asset
|
|
100% ownership
(c)
|
Opportunity Fund
|
|
SPC Ltd.
(a) (b)
|
|
|
GMO Special Purpose
Holding Fund
|
|
GMO SPV I, LLC
(a) (d)
|
|
74.9% ownership
(c)
|
|
|
|
(a)
|
|
Included in the controlling Funds consolidated financial statements.
|
|
(b)
|
|
Organized under the laws of Bermuda.
|
|
(c)
|
|
As of the most recent fiscal year ended February 28, 2009.
|
|
(d)
|
|
Organized under the laws of the State of Delaware.
|
Please refer to Article 4 (Indemnification) of the By-laws.
In addition, the Trust will maintain a trustees and officers liability insurance policy under
which the Trust and its trustees and officers will be named insureds. The Trust also has entered
into agreements with each of its trustees pursuant to which each of the Funds has agreed to
indemnify each Trustee to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law against any liability and
expense incurred by the Trustee by reason of the Trustee being or having been a Trustee.
Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the Securities Act of 1933 (the
Securities Act) may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant
pursuant to the Trusts By-laws, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion
of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as
expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for
indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses
incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful
defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer or controlling
person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the
opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of
appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy
as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such
issue.
|
|
|
Item 26.
|
|
Business and Other Connections of Investment Adviser
|
A description of the business of Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co. LLC, the investment
adviser of the Funds of the Registrant (the Investment Adviser), is set forth under the captions
Management of the Trust in the prospectuses and Investment Advisory and Other Services in the
statements of additional information, all forming part of this Registration Statement.
Except as set forth below, the directors, officers, and members of the Investment Adviser,
have been engaged during the past two fiscal years in no business, profession, vocation or
employment of a substantial nature other than as directors, officers, or members of the Investment
Adviser or certain of its affiliates. Certain directors, officers, and members of the Investment
Adviser serve as officers or trustees of the Registrant as set forth under the caption Management
of the Trust in the Registrants statements of additional information, forming part of this
Registration Statement, and/or as officers and/or directors of certain private investment companies
managed by the Investment Adviser or certain of its affiliates. The address of the Investment
Adviser and the Registrant is 40 Rowes Wharf, Boston, Massachusetts 02110.
|
|
|
|
|
Name
|
|
Position with Investment Adviser
|
|
Other Connections
|
Paul J. Bostock
|
|
Member
|
|
Director, Inquire UK,
Baldocks Barn Chiddingstone
Causway, Tonbridge, Kent
TN11 8JX
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Arjun Divecha
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Member and Vice Chairman of the
Board of Directors
|
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Director, Frog Hollow Fresh
LLC, P.O. Box 872,
Brentwood, CA 94513
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|
|
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R. Jeremy Grantham
|
|
Founding Member and Chairman of
the Board of Directors
|
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MSPCC Investment
Committee, 555 Amory
Street, Jamaica Plain, MA
02130; Board of Directors,
Environmental Defense, 257
Park Avenue South, New
York, NY 10010; Board
Member, Imperial College
of London Grantham
Institute for Climate
Change, London SW7 2AZ;
Board Member, London
School of Economics
Grantham Institute for
Climate Change, Houghton
Street, London, WC2A 2AE
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Jon Hagler
|
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Member of the Board of Directors
|
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Overseers Advisory Board,
WGBH Boston, 125 Western
Ave., Boston, MA 02134;
|
|
|
|
|
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Name
|
|
Position with Investment Adviser
|
|
Other Connections
|
|
|
|
|
Trustee Emeritus, Texas
A&M Foundation, Texas A&M
University, College
Station, TX 77843;
Chairman, Vision 2020
Advisory Council, Texas
A&M University, College
Station, TX 77843
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|
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Bevis Longstreth
|
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Member of the Board of Directors
|
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Trustee, College
Retirement Equity Fund,
730 Third Ave., NY, NY
10017-3206; Director,
AMVESCAP, 1315 Peachtree
Street, NE, Atlanta, GA
30309; Expert witness in
periodic securities
litigation; Trustee and
financial adviser to
certain high net worth
individuals/families;
Historical novelist;
Fiduciary for various
not-for-profit
institutions
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John Rosenblum
|
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Member of the Board of Directors
|
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Director, The Chesapeake
Corporation, 1021 East
Cary Street, Richmond, VA
23219; Trustee, Landmark
Volunteers, P.O. Box 455,
Sheffield, MA 01257;
Jamestown-Yorktown
Foundation, Inc., P.O. Box
1607, Williamsburg, VA
23187-1607; American Civil
War Center Foundation, 200
S. Third St., Richmond, VA
23219; Chair of the
Board, Atlantic Challenge,
643 Main St., Rockland, ME
04841; University
Symphony Society, 112 Old
Cabell Hall,
Charlottesville, VA
22903; Treasurer and Board
Member, Farnsworth Art
Museum, 16 Museum Street,
Rockland, Maine 04841
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|
|
|
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Eyk Van Otterloo
|
|
Founding Member and Member of
the Board of Directors
|
|
Chairman of the Board,
Chemonics International,
1133 20th Street, NW,
Suite 600, Washington,
D.C. 20036;
|
|
|
|
|
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Name
|
|
Position with Investment Adviser
|
|
Other Connections
|
|
|
|
|
Chairman of
the Board, OneCoast
Network LLC, 408
Jamesborough Drive,
Pittsburgh, PA 15238;
Board Member, Dimensional
Photonics, 220 Ballardvale
Street, Unit D,
Wilmington, MA 01887;
Overseer, Peabody Essex
Museum, East India Square,
Salem, MA 01970
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|
|
Item 27.
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Principal Underwriters
|
|
|
|
Item 27(a).
|
|
Funds Distributor, LLC (FD) acts as principal underwriter for the following
investment companies:
|
Allstate Financial
GMO Trust
Munder Series Trust II
Munder Series Trust
PayPal, Inc.
FD is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission as a broker-dealer and is a
member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority. FD has its main address at 10 High Street,
Suite 302, Boston, Massachusetts 02110. FD is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Foreside
Financial Group LLC.
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|
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Item 27(b).
|
|
Information about Directors and Officers of FD is as follows:
|
|
|
|
Director or Officer
|
|
Positions and Offices with FD
|
Mark S. Redman
|
|
President and Director
|
Jennifer Hoopes
|
|
Secretary
|
Richard J. Berthy
|
|
Treasurer, Vice President, Assistant Secretary and
Director
|
Wayne A. Rose
|
|
Chief Compliance Officer
|
Linda C. Carley
|
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Chief Compliance Officer
|
James E. (Ed) Pike
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Financial and Operations Principal
|
The above FD directors and officers do not have positions or offices with the Trust.
Item 27(c). Other Compensation received by FD from certain Funds of the Trust with respect to the
last fiscal year
(a)
:
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|
|
|
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Class M
(b)
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees
|
GMO Fund Name
|
|
March 1, 2008 through February 28, 2009
|
GMO U.S. Core Equity Fund
|
|
$
|
76,964
|
|
GMO U.S. Growth Fund
|
|
$
|
58,102
|
|
GMO International Intrinsic Value Fund
|
|
$
|
37,266
|
|
GMO Foreign Fund
|
|
$
|
14,551
|
|
GMO Emerging Countries Fund
|
|
$
|
71,415
|
|
|
|
|
(a)
|
|
FD is entitled to receive any distribution and service (12b-1) fees paid by the
Class M Shares for services rendered and expenses borne by FD which are primarily intended to
result in the sale of Class M shares and/or the provision of certain other services incidental
thereto. During the last fiscal year, FD did not retain any of the distribution and service
(12b-1) fees paid by the Funds and directed that the Funds remit the distribution and service
(12b-1) fees directly to certain third party intermediaries who rendered services to the Funds.
|
|
(b)
|
|
Other classes of the GMO Funds do not pay distribution (12b-1) fees or any other
type of commission or compensation to FD.
|
|
|
|
Item 28.
|
|
Location of Accounts and Records
|
The accounts, books, and other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) and the
rules thereunder will be maintained at the offices of the Registrant, 40 Rowes Wharf, Boston, MA
02110; the Registrants investment adviser, Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co. LLC, 40 Rowes Wharf,
Boston, MA 02110; the Registrants distributor, Funds Distributor, LLC, 10 High Street, Suite 302,
Boston, MA 02110; the Registrants custodian for certain of the Funds, Brown Brothers Harriman &
Co., 40 Water Street, Boston, MA 02109; and the Registrants custodian for certain of the Funds and
transfer agent, State Street Bank and Trust Company, One Lincoln Street, Boston, MA 02111.
|
|
|
Item 29.
|
|
Management Services
|
Not applicable.
None.
Notice
A copy of the Declaration of Trust, together with all amendments thereto, is on file with the
Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and notice is hereby given that this instrument is
executed on behalf of the Trust by an officer of the Trust as an officer and not individually and
that the obligations of this instrument are not binding upon any of the Trustees or officers of the
Trust or shareholders of any series of the Trust individually but are binding only upon the assets
and property of the Trust or the respective series.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 (the Securities Act) and the
Investment Company Act of 1940 (the 1940 Act), each as amended, the Registrant, GMO Trust,
certifies that it meets all of the requirements for effectiveness of this Registration Statement
under Rule 485(b) under the Securities Act and has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment No.
133 under the Securities Act and Post-Effective Amendment No. 167 under the 1940 Act to be signed
on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Boston and The
Commonwealth of Massachusetts, on the 13th day of March, 2009.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GMO Trust
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
By:
|
|
/s/ SCOTT E. ESTON
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Scott E. Eston
|
|
|
Title:
|
|
President; Chief Executive Officer;
|
|
|
|
|
Principal Executive Officer
|
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this Post-Effective Amendment No. 133 to
the GMO Trusts Registration Statement under the Securities Act has been signed below by the
following persons in the capacities and on the date indicated.
|
|
|
|
|
Signatures
|
|
Title
|
|
Date
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ SCOTT E. ESTON
Scott E. Eston
|
|
President; Chief Executive Officer;
Principal Executive Officer
|
|
March 13, 2009
|
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ SHEPPARD N. BURNETT
Sheppard N. Burnett
|
|
Treasurer; Chief Financial Officer;
Principal Financial and Accounting
Officer
|
|
March 13, 2009
|
|
|
|
|
|
DONALD W. GLAZER*
Donald W. Glazer
|
|
Trustee
|
|
March 13, 2009
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. NICHOLAS THORNDIKE*
W. Nicholas Thorndike
|
|
Trustee
|
|
March 13, 2009
|
|
|
|
|
|
PETER TUFANO*
Peter Tufano
|
|
Trustee
|
|
March 13, 2009
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* By:
|
/s/ JASON HARRISON
|
|
|
|
Jason Harrison
|
|
|
|
Attorney-in-Fact**
|
|
|
|
|
**
|
|
Pursuant to Powers of Attorney for each of Donald W. Glazer and W. Nicholas
Thorndike filed with the SEC as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 127 to the
Registration Statement under the 1933 Act and Post-Effective Amendment No. 156
to the Registration Statement under the 1940 Act on May 1, 2007 and pursuant to
Power of Attorney for Peter Tufano filed herewith as Exhibit 1.
|
EXHIBIT INDEX
GMO TRUST
|
|
|
Exhibit Ref.
|
|
Title of Exhibit
|
|
Item 23.
|
|
|
|
|
|
(d)52
|
|
Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO U.S. Treasury
Fund, and GMO.
|
|
|
|
(d)53
|
|
Management Contract between the Trust, on behalf of GMO Asset Allocation
Bond Fund, and GMO.
|
|
|
|
(e)1(i)
|
|
Schedule A to the Distribution Agreement as amended as of March 12, 2009.
|
|
|
|
(g)1(iii)
|
|
Letter Amendment to the IBT Custodian Agreement, dated March 10, 2009,
among the Trust, GMO and State Street Bank and Trust Company (State
Street Bank) (as successor by merger to IBT).
|
|
|
|
(g)5(ii)
|
|
Letter Amendment to the Delegation Agreement, dated March 10, 2009,
among the Trust, GMO and State Street Bank (as successor by merger to
IBT).
|
|
|
|
(h)1(iii)
|
|
Letter Amendment to the Transfer Agency and Service Agreement, dated
March 10, 2009, among the Trust, GMO and State Street Bank (as successor
by merger to IBT).
|
|
|
|
(h)2
|
|
Notification of Undertaking to Reimburse Certain Fund Expenses by GMO to
the Trust, dated as of March 13, 2009.
|
|
|
|
(h)3
|
|
Amended and Restated Servicing Agreement, dated May 30, 1996, as amended
and restated effective December 4, 2008, between the Trust, on behalf of
certain Funds listed on Exhibit I thereto, and GMO.
|
|
|
|
(i)
|
|
Opinion and Consent of Ropes & Gray LLP.
|
|
|
|
(j)
|
|
Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
|
|
|
|
(p)1
|
|
GMO Code of Ethics, dated October 1, 2008, adopted by GMO, GMO
Australasia LLC, GMO Australia Ltd., GMO Singapore PTE Ltd., GMO
Switzerland GMBH, GMO U.K. Ltd., GMO Woolley Ltd., GMO Renewable
Resources LLC, GMO Renewable Resources (in New Zealand), and GMO
Renewable Resources Uruguay, SRL
|
|
|
|
Other.
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
Power of Attorney for Peter Tufano.
|