UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC
20549
FORM 10-Q
QUARTERLY REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2005
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 001-32330
NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE CORP. | ||||||
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER) | ||||||
MARYLAND | 11-3707493 | |||||
(STATE
OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF
INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION) |
(IRS
EMPLOYER
IDENTIFICATION NUMBER) |
|||||
527 MADISON AVENUE, 16 th FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY | 10022 | |||||
(ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICE) | (ZIP CODE) | |||||
(212) 319-8801 | ||||||
(REGISTRANT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE) | ||||||
INDICATE BY CHECK MARK WHETHER THE REGISTRANT (1) HAS FILED ALL REPORTS REQUIRED TO BE FILED BY SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 DURING THE PRECEDING 12 MONTHS (OR FOR SUCH SHORTER PERIOD THAT THE REGISTRANT WAS REQUIRED TO FILE SUCH REPORTS), AND (2) HAS BEEN SUBJECT TO SUCH FILING REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PAST 90 DAYS. YES NO .
INDICATE BY CHECK MARK WHETHER THE REGISTRANT IS AN ACCELERATED FILER (AS DEFINED IN RULE 12B-2 OF THE EXCHANGE ACT).
YES NO .
THE COMPANY HAS ONE CLASS OF COMMON STOCK, PAR VALUE $0.01 PER SHARE, WITH 21,264,930 SHARES OUTSTANDING AS OF AUGUST 12, 2005.
NORTHSTAR REALTY
FINANCE CORP.
QUARTERLY REPORT
FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS
ENDED JUNE 30, 2005
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INDEX | PAGE | |||||||||
PART I. | FINANCIAL INFORMATION | |||||||||
Item 1. | Financial Statements | |||||||||
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2005 (unaudited) and December 31, 2004 | 3 | |||||||||
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 (unaudited) and Condensed Combined Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2004 (unaudited) | 4 | |||||||||
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2005 (unaudited) and Condensed Combined Statement of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2004 (unaudited) | 5 | |||||||||
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated and Condensed Combined Financial Statements (unaudited) | 6 | |||||||||
Item 2. | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 24 | ||||||||
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 45 | ||||||||
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 49 | ||||||||
PART II. | OTHER INFORMATION | |||||||||
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 51 | ||||||||
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 51 | ||||||||
Item 3. | Defaults upon Senior Securities | 51 | ||||||||
Item 4. | Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders | 51 | ||||||||
Item 5. | Other Information | 51 | ||||||||
Item 6. | Exhibits | 52 | ||||||||
SIGNATURES | 54 | |||||||||
2
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Northstar Realty Finance Corp. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Balance
Sheets
June
30,
2005 |
December
31,
2004 |
|||||||||
(Unaudited) | ||||||||||
Assets: | ||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 36,888,000 | $ | 47,733,000 | ||||||
Restricted cash | 78,110,000 | 2,713,000 | ||||||||
Debt securities held for trading | 212,498,000 | 826,611,000 | ||||||||
Operating real estate — net | 88,181,000 | 43,544,000 | ||||||||
Debt securities available for sale | 121,813,000 | 37,692,000 | ||||||||
CDO deposit and warehouse agreements | 12,660,000 | 2,988,000 | ||||||||
Collateral held by broker | 14,605,000 | 24,831,000 | ||||||||
Subordinate real estate debt investments | 302,880,000 | 70,841,000 | ||||||||
Investments in and advances to unconsolidated ventures | 4,241,000 | 5,363,000 | ||||||||
Receivables, net of allowance of $4,000 in 2005 and 2004 | 2,791,000 | 1,926,000 | ||||||||
Unbilled rents receivable, net of allowance of $1,828,000 and $4,137,000 in 2005 and 2004 | 3,330,000 | 5,567,000 | ||||||||
Due from affiliates | 585,000 | 176,000 | ||||||||
Deferred costs and intangible assets, net | 16,180,000 | 4,233,000 | ||||||||
Other assets | 2,430,000 | 4,132,000 | ||||||||
Total assets | $ | 897,192,000 | $ | 1,078,350,000 | ||||||
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity: | ||||||||||
Liabilities: | ||||||||||
Mortgage notes and loans payable | $ | 71,577,000 | $ | 40,557,000 | ||||||
Liability to subsidiary trusts issuing preferred securities | 67,020,000 | — | ||||||||
CDO bonds payable | 300,000,000 | — | ||||||||
Credit facility | 21,884,000 | 27,821,000 | ||||||||
Repurchase obligations | 218,912,000 | 800,418,000 | ||||||||
Securities sold, not yet purchased | 13,081,000 | 24,114,000 | ||||||||
Obligations under capital leases | 3,338,000 | 3,303,000 | ||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | 7,590,000 | 5,603,000 | ||||||||
Due to affiliates | 148,000 | 250,000 | ||||||||
Other liabilities | 1,765,000 | 528,000 | ||||||||
Total liabilities | 705,315,000 | 902,594,000 | ||||||||
Minority interest | 36,948,000 | 32,447,000 | ||||||||
Commitments and contingencies | ||||||||||
Stockholders' Equity: | ||||||||||
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized, 21,264,930 and 21,249,736 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively | 213,000 | 212,000 | ||||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 142,727,000 | 145,697,000 | ||||||||
Retained earnings (deficit) | 8,439,000 | (2,439,000 | ) | |||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income | 3,550,000 | (161,000 | ) | |||||||
Total stockholders' equity | 154,929,000 | 143,309,000 | ||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 897,192,000 | $ | 1,078,350,000 | ||||||
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated and combined financial statements
3
Northstar Realty Finance Corp. and
Subsidiaries and Northstar Realty Finance Corp.
Predecessor
Condensed Consolidated and Condensed Combined
Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)
The
Company
(consolidated) Three Months Ended June 30, 2005 |
The Predecessor
(combined) Three Months Ended June 30, 2004 |
The
Company
(consolidated) Six Months Ended June 30, 2005 |
The Predecessor
(combined) Six Months Ended June 30, 2004 |
|||||||||||||||
Revenues and other income: | ||||||||||||||||||
Rental and escalation income | $ | 3,323,000 | $ | — | $ | 6,431,000 | $ | — | ||||||||||
Advisory and management fee income | 20,000 | 53,000 | 71,000 | 108,000 | ||||||||||||||
Advisory and management fee income – related parties | 1,128,000 | 584,000 | 2,071,000 | 1,182,000 | ||||||||||||||
Interest income – debt securities | 10,451,000 | 308,000 | 18,423,000 | 563,000 | ||||||||||||||
Other revenue | 5,000 | — | 5,000 | — | ||||||||||||||
Total revenues | 14,927,000 | 945,000 | 27,001,000 | 1,853,000 | ||||||||||||||
Expenses: | ||||||||||||||||||
Real estate properties – operating expenses | 743,000 | — | 1,473,000 | — | ||||||||||||||
Interest expense | 6,979,000 | — | 12,946,000 | — | ||||||||||||||
Management fees – related party | 61,000 | — | 118,000 | — | ||||||||||||||
General and administrative: | ||||||||||||||||||
Direct: | ||||||||||||||||||
Salaries and other compensation | 1,278,000 | 298,000 | 2,539,000 | 600,000 | ||||||||||||||
Shared services – related party | 344,000 | — | 686,000 | — | ||||||||||||||
Equity based compensation | 959,000 | — | 1,759,000 | — | ||||||||||||||
Insurance | 217,000 | — | 430,000 | — | ||||||||||||||
Accounting and auditing fees | 290,000 | — | 1,316,000 | — | ||||||||||||||
Other general and administrative | 1,033,000 | 54,000 | 2,011,000 | 101,000 | ||||||||||||||
Allocated: | ||||||||||||||||||
Salaries and other compensation | — | 625,000 | — | 1,244,000 | ||||||||||||||
Insurance | — | 97,000 | — | 195,000 | ||||||||||||||
Other general and administrative | — | 213,000 | — | 522,000 | ||||||||||||||
Total general and administrative | 4,121,000 | 1,287,000 | 8,741,000 | 2,662,000 | ||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 1,046,000 | — | 1,984,000 | — | ||||||||||||||
Total expenses | 12,950,000 | 1,287,000 | 25,262,000 | 2,662,000 | ||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from operations | 1,977,000 | (342,000 | ) | 1,739,000 | (809,000 | ) | ||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated/uncombined ventures | 60,000 | 492,000 | 106,000 | 864,000 | ||||||||||||||
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments and other | (498,000 | ) | (333,000 | ) | 549,000 | 717,000 | ||||||||||||
Realized gain (loss) on investments and other | (86,000 | ) | — | 501,000 | — | |||||||||||||
Net income (loss) before minority interest | 1,453,000 | (183,000 | ) | 2,895,000 | 772,000 | |||||||||||||
Minority interest | (300,000 | ) | — | (597,000 | ) | — | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | 1,153,000 | $ | (183,000 | ) | $ | 2,298,000 | $ | 772,000 | |||||||||
Income
(loss) from discontinued operations,
net of minority interest |
40,000 | — | (50,000 | ) | — | |||||||||||||
Gain
on sale from discontinued operations,
net of minority interest |
8,630,000 | — | 8,630,000 | — | ||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 9,823,000 | $ | (183,000 | ) | $ | 10,878,000 | $ | 772,000 | |||||||||
Other comprehensive income: | ||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gain (loss) on debt securities available for sale and derivatives | 1,456,000 | (31,000 | ) | 3,711,000 | 476,000 | |||||||||||||
Comprehensive income | $ | 11,279,000 | $ | (214,000 | ) | $ | 14,589,000 | $ | 1,248,000 | |||||||||
Net income per share from continuing operations | $ | 0.06 | $ | — | $ | 0.11 | $ | — | ||||||||||
Income from discontinued operations | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Gain on sale of discontinued operations | 0.41 | — | 0.41 | — | ||||||||||||||
Net income available to common shareholders | $ | 0.47 | — | $ | 0.52 | — | ||||||||||||
Weighted average number of shares of common stock: | ||||||||||||||||||
Basic | 21,250,240 | — | 21,250,240 | — | ||||||||||||||
Diluted | 26,766,315 | — | 26,766,315 | — | ||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated and combined financial statements.
4
Northstar Realty Finance Corp. and
Subsidiaries and Northstar Realty Finance Corp.
Predecessor
Condensed Consolidated and Condensed Combined
Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
The
Company
(consolidated) |
The
Predecessor
(combined) |
|||||||||
For
the Six
Months Ended June 30, 2005 |
For the
Six
Months Ended June 30, 2004 |
|||||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 610,061,000 | (1) | $ | 1,021,000 | |||||
Cash flows from investing activities: | ||||||||||
Additions to operating real estate, net | (65,158,000 | ) | — | |||||||
Net proceeds from disposition of operating real estate | 27,988,000 | — | ||||||||
Purchase of debt securities available for sale | (74,778,000 | ) | — | |||||||
Subordinate real estate debt investments | (231,838,000 | ) | — | |||||||
Increase in CDO warehouse deposits | (12,500,000 | ) | (3,034,000 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from CDO warehouse | 988,000 | 672,000 | ||||||||
Restricted cash (CDO IV) | (72,330,000 | ) | — | |||||||
Contributions to unconsolidated/uncombined ventures | (2,026,000 | ) | (6,000 | ) | ||||||
Distributions from unconsolidated/uncombined ventures | 3,238,000 | 1,168,000 | ||||||||
Net cash used in investing activities | (426,416,000 | ) | (1,200,000 | ) | ||||||
Cash flows from financing activities: | ||||||||||
Settlement of short sale obligation | (11,298,000 | ) | — | |||||||
Collateral held by broker | 10,226,000 | — | ||||||||
Capital contributions by owners of the Predecessor | — | 2,350,000 | ||||||||
Mortgage principal repayments | (25,980,000 | ) | — | |||||||
Mortgage borrowings | 57,000,000 | — | ||||||||
Liability to subsidiary trusts issuing preferred securities | 67,020,000 | — | ||||||||
Proceeds from credit facilities | 227,652,000 | — | ||||||||
Repayment of credit facilities | (233,589,000 | ) | — | |||||||
Repurchase obligation repayments | (581,506,000 | ) | — | |||||||
Distributions to owners of the Predecessor | — | (2,286,000 | ) | |||||||
Bonds payable | 300,000,000 | — | ||||||||
Dividends and distributions | (4,015,000 | ) | — | |||||||
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | (194,490,000 | ) | 64,000 | |||||||
Net decrease in cash & cash equivalents | (10,845,000 | ) | (115,000 | ) | ||||||
Cash & cash equivalents — beginning of period | 47,733,000 | 1,944,000 | ||||||||
Cash & cash equivalents — end of period | $ | 36,888,000 | $ | 1,829,000 | ||||||
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | ||||||||||
Cash paid for interest | $ | 12,314,000 | $ | — | ||||||
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing activities: | ||||||||||
Reclassification of CDO deposit to debt securities available for sale | $ | 2,690,000 | $ | — | ||||||
Write off of deferred cost and straight-line rents in connection with disposition of operating real estate | $ | 2,715,000 | $ | — | ||||||
(1) | Includes $613.8 million of proceeds from sales of debt securities held for trading. |
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated and combined financial statements.
5
Northstar
Realty Finance Corp. and Subsidiaries and Northstar Realty Finance
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Condensed
Combined Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
1. Formation and Organization
NorthStar Realty Finance Corp., a Maryland corporation (the "Company"), is a self-administered and self-managed real estate investment trust ("REIT"), which was formed in October 2003 in order to continue and expand the subordinate real estate debt, real estate securities and net lease businesses conducted by NorthStar Capital Investment Corp. ("NCIC"). The Company's assets are held by, and it conducts its operations through, NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership, a Delaware limited partnership and the operating partnership of the Company (the "Operating Partnership"). On October 29, 2004, the Company closed its initial public offering (the "IPO") pursuant to which it issued 20,000,000 shares of common stock, with proceeds to the Company of approximately $160.1 million, net of issuance costs of $19.9 million. On November 19, 2004, the Company issued an additional 1,160,750 shares of common stock pursuant to the exercise of the overallotment option by the underwriters of the IPO, with proceeds to the Company of $9.7 million, net of issuance costs of $0.7 million. In connection with the IPO, the Company also issued 50,000 shares of common stock, as partial compensation for underwriting services, to the lead underwriter of the IPO. In addition, 38,886 shares of restricted common stock were granted to the Company's non-employee directors. Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO on October 29, 2004, three majority-owned subsidiaries of NCIC (the "NCIC Contributing Subsidiaries") contributed certain controlling and non-controlling interests in entities through which NCIC conducted its subordinate real estate debt, real estate securities and net lease businesses (collectively the "Initial Investments") to the Operating Partnership in exchange for an aggregate of 4,705,915 units of limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership (the "OP Units"), approximately $36.1 million in cash (the "Contribution Transactions") and an agreement to pay certain related transfer taxes on behalf of NCIC in the amount of approximately $1.0 million. From their inception through October 29, 2004, neither the Company nor the Operating Partnership had any operations.
The combination of the Initial Investments contributed to the Operating Partnership represents the predecessor of the Company (the "Predecessor"). The Company succeeded to the business of the Predecessor upon the consummation of the IPO and the contribution of the initial investments on October 29, 2004. The ultimate owners of the entities which comprise the Predecessor were NCIC and certain other persons who held minority ownership interests in such entities.
2. Basis of Quarterly Presentation
The accompanying condensed consolidated and condensed combined financial statements and related notes of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for interim financial reporting and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States have been condensed or omitted. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the Company's financial position, results of operations and cash flows have been included and are of a normal and recurring nature. The operating results presented for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the entire year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's December 31, 2004 consolidated and combined financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company's annual report on Form 10-K, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Capitalized terms used herein, and not otherwise defined, are defined in the Company's December 31, 2004 consolidated and combined financial statements.
6
Northstar
Realty Finance Corp. and Subsidiaries and Northstar Realty Finance
Corp. Predecessor
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Condensed
Combined Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Principles of Consolidation and Combination
The Company
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its majority-owned subsidiaries and variable interest entities where the Company is the primary beneficiary. All significant intercompany balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
The Predecessor
The combined and uncombined interests in entities contributed to the Operating Partnership have been aggregated to form the Predecessor. The interests in entities contributed to the Operating Partnership, which were controlled by NCIC, and variable interest entities where the Predecessor is deemed the primary beneficiary are reflected in the Predecessor on a combined basis. All intercompany accounts have been eliminated in combination.
Reclassifications
Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
3. Property Acquisitions
Chatsworth, California
On January 14, 2005, the Company closed the acquisition of a portfolio of three net-leased office properties, totaling 257,336 square feet of rentable space in Chatsworth, CA (the "Chatsworth properties"), for $63.5 million. The properties are net leased to Washington Mutual Bank under leases that expire in June 2015. The Company financed the acquisition with a $44 million first mortgage, and a $13 million mezzanine loan which was funded by the warehouse provider under the warehouse agreement for CDO III. This mezzanine loan currently constitutes a portion of the portfolio of securities owned by CDO III. One of the properties is subject to a ground lease. The ground lease has an initial remaining term of 35 years and two five-year extension options. The ground lease also provides for periodic increases in base rent based on the change in the Consumer Price Index.
The Company has made a preliminary allocation of the purchase price to property components pending receipt of an appraisal of the office properties. The Company received the final appraisal during the third quarter of 2005 and will make a final allocation of the purchase price in accordance with FASB 141, "Business Combinations" in such quarter.
4. Debt Securities Available for Sale
The Company accounts for its investments in CDO I, CDO II and CDO III (collectively "Investment Grade CDO Investments") as debt securities available for sale pursuant to Emerging Issues Task Force ("EITF") 99-20 "Recognition of Interest Income and Impairment on Purchased and Retained Beneficial Interests in Securitized Financial Assets." The Company's potential loss is limited to its CDO Investments of approximately $74.4 million as of June 30, 2005. As of that date, the Company also has $47.4 million of commercial mortgage backed securities ("CMBS") investments which are recorded at fair market value, net of premium and discount. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, the Company recognized an unrealized gain of approximately $1.4 million and $3.7 million related to the change in fair value of these investments, respectively.
The Investment Grade CDO Investments are variable interest entities, however, neither the Company nor the Predecessor is the primary beneficiary under FASB Interpretation No 46R ("FIN 46R") "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities" and has not consolidated these variable interest entities.
7
Northstar
Realty Finance Corp. and Subsidiaries and Northstar Realty Finance
Corp. Predecessor
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Condensed
Combined Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
CDO I
The following is a summary of the real estate securities, which were held by CDO I on June 30, 2005 (in thousands):
Weighted Average | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Principal |
Percentage
of Principal |
Rating | Coupon |
Term
(Years) |
||||||||||||||||||
CMBS | $ | 224,990 | 63.20 | % | BBB- | 6.54 | % | 6.47 | ||||||||||||||
Unsecured REIT Debt | 113,020 | 31.75 | % | BBB/BBB- | 6.45 | % | 7.02 | |||||||||||||||
Real Estate CDO | 18,000 | 5.05 | % | BBB/BBB- | 7.74 | % | 7.51 | |||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 356,010 | 100.00 | % | BBB/BBB- | 6.57 | % | 6.70 | ||||||||||||||
The following table lists the CDO bonds payable to third parties for CDO I at June 30, 2005 (in thousands):
Class |
Original
Note Balance |
Principal
Repayments |
Note
Balance
At 6/30/05 |
Interest Rate |
Stated
Maturity Date |
Ratings
(Moody's/ S&P/Fitch) |
||||||||||||||||||||
A-1 | $ | 250,000 | $ | (46,200 | ) | $ | 203,800 | LIBOR + 0.42% | 8/1/2038 | Aaa/AAA/AAA | ||||||||||||||||
A-2A | 45,000 | — | 45,000 | LIBOR + 0.95% | 8/1/2038 | Aa2/AAA/AAA | ||||||||||||||||||||
A-2B | 15,000 | — | 15,000 | 5.68% | 8/1/2038 | Aa2/AAA/AAA | ||||||||||||||||||||
B-1 | 15,000 | — | 15,000 | LIBOR + 1.675% | 8/1/2038 | NR/A+/A+ | ||||||||||||||||||||
B-2 | 10,000 | — | 10,000 | LIBOR + 1.80% | 8/1/2038 | A3/A/A | ||||||||||||||||||||
C-1A | 5,000 | — | 5,000 | LIBOR + 3.00% | 8/1/2038 | Baa3/A-/BBB+ | ||||||||||||||||||||
C-1B | 5,000 | — | 5,000 | 7.70% | 8/1/2038 | Baa3/A-/BBB+ | ||||||||||||||||||||
C-2 | 24,000 | — | 24,000 | 7.01% | 8/1/2038 | NR/BBB/BBB | ||||||||||||||||||||
D-1A | 10,000 | — | 10,000 | LIBOR + 2.30% | 8/1/2038 | NR/BB+/BB+ | ||||||||||||||||||||
D-1B | 4,000 | — | 4,000 | 7.01% | 8/1/2038 | NR/BB+/BB+ | ||||||||||||||||||||
$ | 383,000 | $ | (46,200 | ) | $ | 336,800 | ||||||||||||||||||||
The weighted average interest rate for the CDO I bonds payable was 6.03% at June 30, 2005, including the effect of the interest rate swap held by the CDO.
8
Northstar
Realty Finance Corp. and Subsidiaries and Northstar Realty Finance
Corp. Predecessor
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Condensed
Combined Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
CDO II
The following is a summary of the real estate securities, which are held by CDO II at June 30, 2005 (in thousands):
Weighted Average | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Principal |
Percentage
of
Principal |
Rating | Coupon |
Term
(Years) |
||||||||||||||||||
CMBS | $ | 284,878 | 71.61 | % | BBB/BBB- | 6.44 | % | 7.21 | ||||||||||||||
Unsecured REIT Debt | 92,615 | 23.28 | % | BBB- | 5.29 | % | 7.94 | |||||||||||||||
Real Estate CDO | 20,332 | 5.11 | % | BBB- | 6.33 | % | 8.81 | |||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 397,825 | 100.00 | % | BBB/BBB- | 6.11 | % | 7.46 | ||||||||||||||
The following table lists the CDO bonds payable to third parties for CDO II at June 30, 2005 (in thousands):
Class |
Original
Note Balance |
Principal
Repayment |
Note
Balance
At 6/30/05 |
Interest
Rate |
Stated
Maturity Date |
Ratings
(Moody's/ S&P/Fitch) |
||||||||||||||||||||
A-1 | $ | 236,000 | $ | (4,070 | ) | $ | 231,930 | LIBOR + 0.35% | 6/1/2039 | Aaa/AAA/AAA | ||||||||||||||||
A-2A | 42,000 | — | 42,000 | LIBOR + 0.55% | 6/1/2039 | NR/AAA/AAA | ||||||||||||||||||||
A-2B | 15,000 | — | 15,000 | 5.55% | 6/1/2039 | NR/AAA/AAA | ||||||||||||||||||||
B-1 | 12,000 | — | 12,000 | LIBOR + 0.8% | 6/1/2039 | A2/A/A | ||||||||||||||||||||
B-2 | 14,000 | — | 14,000 | LIBOR + 1.05% | 6/1/2039 | A3/A-/A- | ||||||||||||||||||||
C-1 | 24,000 | — | 24,000 | LIBOR + 2.00% | 6/1/2039 | Baa3/BBB+/BBB+ | ||||||||||||||||||||
C-2a | 6,000 | — | 6,000 | LIBOR + 2.35% | 6/1/2039 | NR/BBB/BBB | ||||||||||||||||||||
C-2b | 16,000 | — | 16,000 | 6.591% | 6/1/2039 | NR/BBB/BBB | ||||||||||||||||||||
$ | 365,000 | $ | (4,070 | ) | $ | 360,930 | ||||||||||||||||||||
The weighted average interest rate for the CDO II bonds payable was 5.37% at June 30, 2005, including the effect of the interest rate swap held by the CDO.
9
Northstar
Realty Finance Corp. and Subsidiaries and Northstar Realty Finance
Corp. Predecessor
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Condensed
Combined Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
CDO III
In March 2005, the Company closed its third CDO issuance ("CDO III") and acquired all of the unrated income notes of CDO III for $17.5 million with a face amount of $23 million and also purchased the BB-rated Class D Notes, with a face amount of $16.0 million, for $14.1 million. The Company partially financed the acquisition of the Class D Notes with a $9.1 million advance from our DBAG facility, defined herein.
The following is a summary of the real estate securities, which are held by CDO III at June 30, 2005 (in thousands):
Weighted Average | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Principal |
Percentage
of
Principal |
Rating | Coupon |
Term
(Years) |
||||||||||||||||||
CMBS | $ | 284,748 | 71.04 | % | BBB-/BB+ | 6.09 | % | 6.51 | ||||||||||||||
Unsecured REIT Debt | 61,580 | 15.36 | % | BBB- | 5.82 | % | 8.55 | |||||||||||||||
Other Real Estate Interests | 28,583 | 7.13 | % | A- | 6.80 | % | 7.83 | |||||||||||||||
Real Estate CDO | 25,945 | 6.47 | % | BBB/BBB- | 6.28 | % | 7.82 | |||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 400,856 | 100.00 | % | BBB- | 6.12 | % | 7.00 | ||||||||||||||
The following table lists the CDO bonds payable to third parties for CDO III at June 30, 2005 (in thousands):
Class |
Original
Note Balance |
Principal
Repayments |
Note
Balance
At
6/30/05 |
Interest
Rate |
Stated
Maturity Date |
Ratings
(S&P/Fitch) |
||||||||||||||||||||
A-1 | $ | 294,000 | $ | — | $ | 294,000 | LIBOR + 0.28% | 6/1/2040 | AAA/AAA | |||||||||||||||||
A-2A | 15,000 | — | 15,000 | LIBOR + 0.50% | 6/1/2040 | AA/AA | ||||||||||||||||||||
A-2B | 5,000 | — | 5,000 | 5.042% | 6/1/2040 | AA/AA | ||||||||||||||||||||
B | 17,000 | — | 17,000 | LIBOR + 0.85% | 6/1/2040 | A-/A- | ||||||||||||||||||||
C-1a | 10,000 | — | 10,000 | LIBOR + 1.25% | 6/1/2040 | BBB+/BBB+ | ||||||||||||||||||||
C-1b | 6,000 | — | 6,000 | 5.804% | 6/1/2040 | BBB+/BBB+ | ||||||||||||||||||||
C-2a | 12,000 | — | 12,000 | LIBOR + 1.55% | 6/1/2040 | BBB/BBB | ||||||||||||||||||||
C-2b | 2,000 | — | 2,000 | 6.135% | 6/1/2040 | BBB/BBB | ||||||||||||||||||||
$ | 361,000 | $ | — | $ | 361,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||
The weighted average interest rate for the CDO III bonds payable was 3.37% at June 30, 2005.
5. CDO Deposit and Warehouse Agreements
Warehouse Agreement CDO V
On May 4, 2005, the Company entered into a warehouse arrangement with a major commercial bank whereby the bank has agreed to purchase up to $400 million of CMBS and other real estate debt securities under the Company's direction, with the expectation of selling such securities to the Company's fourth investment grade CDO issuance ("CDO V"). As of June 30, 2005, the Company has deposited $12.5 million as security for the purpose of covering a portion of any losses or costs associated with the accumulation of these securities under the warehouse agreement and will be required to deposit additional equity based on accumulations of securities that will be made under the warehouse agreement. The bank has accumulated approximately $238.0 million of real estate securities under the terms of the warehouse agreement as of June 30, 2005. The CDO V warehouse agreement also provides for the Company's notional participation in the income that the assets generate after deducting a notional debt cost. The agreement is being treated as a non-hedge derivative for accounting purposes and is marked-to-market through income. The Company recorded
10
Northstar
Realty Finance Corp. and Subsidiaries and Northstar Realty Finance
Corp. Predecessor
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Condensed
Combined Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
an unrealized gain of $0.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 related to the change in fair value of the warehouse agreement. The collateral being accumulated under this agreement is expected to be included in a securitization transaction in which the Company would acquire all of the equity interests.
6. Debt Securities Held for Trading
As of June 30, 2005, the Company's debt securities held for trading had a market value of $212.5 million and the remaining obligations under the related repurchase agreements amounted to $207.3 million. Four issuers of these debt securities represent 22%, 15%, 15% and 12%, respectively, of the total market value of the debt securities held for trading at June 30, 2005. The Company recorded an unrealized loss related to the change in fair value of these securities of $84,000 and $102,000 and a realized loss of $86,000 and $189,000 related to the sales for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, respectively.
7. Subordinate Real Estate Debt Investments and Debt Securities Available for Sale
In June 2005, the Company closed its fourth CDO issuance ("CDO IV") and retained all of the below investment grade securities and income notes, as listed below of approximately $100 million. The Company issued $300 million face amount of the CDO bonds and sold them in a private placement to third parties. The proceeds of the CDO issuance were used to repay the entire outstanding principal balance of the DBAG Facility of $233.6 million at closing. The CDO bonds are collateralized by the assets listed below and approximately $72.3 million of cash is available to complete the ramp-up of CDO IV which is recorded in the condensed consolidated balance sheet in restricted cash at June 30, 2005.
CDO IV is a variable interest entity under FIN 46R. In determining whether the Company is the primary beneficiary, management considered the impact of all cash flows from the Company's equity interest in CDO IV, the BB and B notes and all collateral management fees to be received by the Company from CDO IV. The Company's variable interest in these cash flows was compared to the other variable interests. Based on management's analysis, the Company was deemed to be the primary beneficiary. Accordingly, CDO IV was consolidated into the condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company as of June 30, 2005.
At June 30, 2005, the Company's investments in subordinate real estate debt investments and debt securities available for sale, listed below, are assets of CDO IV and serve as collateral for the CDO IV bonds payable (in thousands):
Loan
Name/Collateral |
Loan Type | Principal Amount | Initial Maturity |
Interest
Rate or
Index and Spread |
Interest Rate -
June 30, 2005 |
|||||||||||||||||
New York Office Building | Junior Participation | $ | 24,000 | 8/9/2006 |
LIBOR
+
3.75% |
6.97% | ||||||||||||||||
Hotel Portfolio | Mezzanine Loan | 22,000 | 7/9/2006 |
LIBOR
+
4.75% |
7.97% | |||||||||||||||||
Residential Condominium Conversion | Junior Participation (1) | 24,841 | 10/9/2006 |
LIBOR
+
5.60% |
8.82% | |||||||||||||||||
Florida Multifamily | Junior Participation | 21,200 | 7/31/2006 |
LIBOR
+
5.50% |
8.72% | |||||||||||||||||
11
Northstar
Realty Finance Corp. and Subsidiaries and Northstar Realty Finance
Corp. Predecessor
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Condensed
Combined Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Loan
Name/Collateral |
Loan Type | Principal Amount | Initial Maturity |
Interest
Rate or
Index and Spread |
Interest Rate -
June 30, 2005 |
|||||||||||||||||
New York Hotel | Junior Participation | 30,000 | 12/9/2006 |
LIBOR
+
5.55% |
8.77% | |||||||||||||||||
Boston Hotel | Junior Participation | 13,000 | 4/1/2007 |
LIBOR +
5.15% |
8.28% | |||||||||||||||||
Storage Portfolio | Junior Participation | 7,820 | 11/1/2007 |
LIBOR
+
4.68% |
7.80% | |||||||||||||||||
Hotel Portfolio | Junior Participation | 4,500 | 9/1/2006 |
LIBOR
+
6.90% |
10.03% | |||||||||||||||||
Retail Portfolio | Junior Participation | 10,000 | 9/9/2006 |
LIBOR
+
2.40% |
5.62% | |||||||||||||||||
Hotel Portfolio | Junior Participation | 13,700 | 7/9/2006 |
LIBOR
+
3.00% |
6.22% | |||||||||||||||||
Hotel Portfolio | Mezzanine Loan | 14,277 | 2/9/2007 |
LIBOR
+
3.5% |
6.72% | |||||||||||||||||
Hotel Portfolio | Junior Participation | 5,766 | 1/9/2006 |
LIBOR
+
3.25% |
6.49% | |||||||||||||||||
New York Office | Mezzanine Loan | 20,000 | 10/5/2006 |
LIBOR
+
4.51% |
7.73% | |||||||||||||||||
California Office | Mezzanine Loan | 18,000 | 1/9/2007 |
LIBOR
+
5.35% |
8.57% | |||||||||||||||||
Las Vegas Retail | Junior Participation | 19,000 | 10/5/2006 |
LIBOR
+
3.35% |
6.57% | |||||||||||||||||
Chicago Office | Junior Participation | 15,000 | 5/6/2006 |
LIBOR
+
1.84% |
5.06% | |||||||||||||||||
Subtotal | 263,104 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Discount | (888 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total subordinate real estate debt investments | $ | 262,216 | ||||||||||||||||||||
CMBS Bonds | CMBS | 49,813 |
11/2026 –
4/2040 |
4.90% -
7.00% |
4.90%
-
7.00% |
|||||||||||||||||
CDO III | CDO - BBs | 16,000 | 4/5/2040 | 6.46% | 6.46% | |||||||||||||||||
Subtotal | 65,813 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Discount and FMV adjustment | (4,363 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Debt securities available for sale | $ | 61,450 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 323,666 | ||||||||||||||||||||
As of June 30, 2005, all loans were performing in accordance with the terms of the loan agreements.
(1) Borrower repaid loan on July 20, 2005. |
12
Northstar
Realty Finance Corp. and Subsidiaries and Northstar Realty Finance
Corp. Predecessor
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Condensed
Combined Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
The Company has acquired $41.3 million of subordinate real estate debt investments which are not collateral for CDO IV. The table below summarizes these additional investments held at June 30, 2005 (in thousands):
Loan
Name/Collateral |
Loan Type | Principal Amount |
Initial
Maturity |
Interest
Rate
or Index and Spread |
Interest Rate-
June 30, 2005 |
|||||||||||||||||
Chicago Office | Junior Participation | $ | 31,263 | 11/1/2007 |
LIBOR
+
6.25% |
9.36% | ||||||||||||||||
Chicago Office | Junior Participation | 10,000 | 5/6/2006 |
LIBOR
+
1.84% |
5.06% | |||||||||||||||||
Subtotal | 41,263 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Discount | (599 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 40,664 | ||||||||||||||||||||
8. Borrowings
The following is a table of our outstanding borrowings as of June 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004:
Stated
Maturity |
Interest
Rate |
Balance 6/30/05
(in thousands) |
Balance 12/31/04
(in thousands) |
|||||||||||||||
Mortgage notes payable (ALGM) (non-recourse) | 1/01/2006 | The greater of LIBOR or 2% + 3.6% | $ | 14,673 | $ | 40,557 | ||||||||||||
Mortgage notes payable (Chatsworth) (non-recourse) | 5/1/2015 | 5.65% | 43,904 | — | ||||||||||||||
Mezzanine loan payable (Chatsworth) (non-recourse) | 5/1/2014 | 6.64% | 13,000 | — | ||||||||||||||
Repurchase obligations |
See
Repurchase Obligations below |
LIBOR + 0.06%
to 1.25% |
218,912 | 800,418 | ||||||||||||||
DBAG facility | 12/21/2007 | LIBOR + 0.75% to 2.25% | — | 27,821 | ||||||||||||||
WA Temporary Repurchase Agreement | 7/13/2005 | LIBOR + 2.25% | 21,884 | — | ||||||||||||||
CDO bonds payable – CDO IV | 7/1/2040 | LIBOR + 0.62% (average spread) | 300,000 | — | ||||||||||||||
Liability to subsidiary trusts issuing preferred securities | ||||||||||||||||||
Trust I | 3/30/2035 | 8.15% | 41,240 | — | ||||||||||||||
Trust II | 6/30/2035 | 7.74% | 25,780 | — | ||||||||||||||
$ | 679,393 | $ | 868,796 | |||||||||||||||
Mortgage Notes Payable
In connection with the acquisition of the Chatsworth Properties, a subsidiary of the Company entered into a loan agreement (the "Chatsworth Mortgage") with German American Capital
13
Northstar
Realty Finance Corp. and Subsidiaries and Northstar Realty Finance
Corp. Predecessor
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Condensed
Combined Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Corporation (the "Lender") for a non-recourse mortgage in the principal amount of $44.0 million (the "Loan"). The Loan is secured by first mortgage liens and security interests on the Chatsworth Properties, including two fee owned properties and the leasehold interest in the other property, including assignments of leases and rents.
The Chatsworth Mortgage matures on May 1, 2015 and bears interest at a fixed rate of 5.65%. The Loan requires monthly payments of $230,906 representing interest in arrears and principal sufficient to amortize the loan to a balance of approximately $40.5 million at maturity, as well as monthly escrow deposits for ground lease payments required under the ground lease for the leasehold property. Commencing on the 112th payment date all excess cash flow, as defined in the Chatsworth Mortgage, is required to be deposited into a cash sweep reserve until $3.0 million has been deposited, through maturity of the mortgage. The Chatsworth Mortgage is not prepayable prior to maturity and is subject to yield maintenance for any unscheduled principal prepayments prior to maturity.
The Company and its subsidiaries have agreed to comply with environmental laws and have indemnified the Lender against all liabilities and expenses related thereto. The principal balance of the Chatsworth Mortgage was $43.9 million at June 30, 2005. Interest expense incurred on the Loan totaled $0.6 million and $1.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, respectively.
Mezzanine Loan Payable
In connection with the acquisition of the Chatsworth Properties, a subsidiary of the Company entered into a non-recourse mezzanine loan agreement (the "Chatsworth Mezzanine Loan") which was assigned to, then funded by, the warehouse provider for CDO III (the "Chatsworth Mezzanine Lender") for a mezzanine loan in the principal amount of $13.0 million. The Chatsworth Mezzanine Loan bears interest at a fixed rate of 6.64%, and requires monthly payments of interest only of $71,955 for the period February 1, 2005 through February 1, 2006. Principal and interest payments of $170,914 are due thereafter, will fully amortize the Chatsworth Mezzanine Loan by maturity, May 1, 2014. The Chatsworth Mezzanine Loan is secured by a pledge of our equity interest in an affiliate under the borrower of the Chatsworth Mortgage. The Chatsworth Mezzanine Loan currently constitutes a portion of the portfolio of securities owned by CDO III.
Repurchase Obligations
The Company's temporary investments, which are primarily AAA-rated, short term, floating rate securities, backed by commercial or residential mortgage loans, were financed with repurchase agreements with Citigroup and Greenwich Capital Markets, Inc. The Company initially borrowed approximately $1.25 billion under repurchase agreements, of which $207.3 million was outstanding at June 30, 2005, with approximately $172.2 million owed to Citigroup and $35.1 million owed to Greenwich. These repurchase obligations mature every thirty days with an interest rate of LIBOR plus 0.06% to 1.0%, and carry a weighted average aggregate interest rate of 3.21% at June 30, 2005. These repurchase agreements are being accounted for as secured borrowings since the Company maintains effective control of the financed assets.
WA Temporary Repurchase Agreement
On June 21, 2005, the Company entered into a temporary repurchase agreement with Wachovia Bank, National Association, to temporarily finance the acquisition of loan participation interests until the Wachovia Master Repurchase Agreement was closed. The Company borrowed approximately $21.9 million under the temporary repurchase agreement. The advance bore interest at LIBOR plus 2.25%. The temporary repurchase agreement will mature at the closing of the Wachovia Master Repurchase Agreement on July 13, 2005 and the principal balance outstanding will be rolled into the new facility. See Note 17.
14
Northstar
Realty Finance Corp. and Subsidiaries and Northstar Realty Finance
Corp. Predecessor
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Condensed
Combined Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
DBAG Credit Facility
On December 21, 2004, the Company entered into a $150 million master repurchase agreement with Deutsche Bank AG, Cayman Islands Branch (as amended, the "DBAG Facility"). On March 21, 2005, this facility was amended and restated (as amended, the "DBAG Facility") to allow the Company to borrow up to $300 million in order to finance the acquisition of primarily subordinate real estate debt and other real estate loans and securities. The additional capacity and flexibility under the amendment of the DBAG Facility allowed the Company to accumulate sufficient collateral for CDO IV, and to continue to finance other investments. Pursuant to the terms of the DBAG Facility the availability under the DBAG Facility was reduced to $150 million upon closing of CDO IV on June 14, 2005.
The DBAG Facility has an initial three-year term, which may be extended for one additional year if the Company is not in default and pays an extension fee of 0.25% of the aggregate outstanding amount under the facility. If the Company extends the term of the facility, it will be required to retire 25% of the aggregate outstanding amount each quarter during the remaining year of the term.
Under the terms of the DBAG Facility, the Company is able to finance the acquisition of mortgage loans secured by first liens on commercial or multifamily properties, junior participation interests in mortgage loans secured by first or second liens on commercial or multifamily properties, mezzanine loans secured by a pledge of the entire ownership interest in a commercial or multifamily property, B or higher rated commercial mortgage backed securities and BB or higher rated real estate CDOs, debt securities issued by a REIT and syndicated bank loans.
Advances under the DBAG Facility from December 31, 2004 through March 20, 2005 bore interest at one month LIBOR, which is reset monthly, plus a spread ranging from 0.75% to 2.25%. During the period from March 21, 2005 until the close of CDO IV, (the "CDO Ramp-Up Period"), amounts advanced under the DBAG Facility in order to finance the acquisition of assets to be included in CDO IV bore interest at one-month LIBOR plus a spread of 1.00% and amounts advanced for all other assets bore interest at one-month LIBOR plus a spread which ranges from 0.75% to 2.25%. After the CDO Ramp-Up Period, all amounts advanced under the amended DBAG Facility bear interest at a rate of one-month LIBOR plus the spread which ranges from 0.75% to 2.25%.
During the CDO Ramp-Up Period and thereafter, assets will be financed at advance rates ranging from 40% to 92.5% of the value of the assets as applicable to the asset category.
Effective April 1, 2005, the covenants under the DBAG Facility require the Company to remain at a certain minimum tangible net worth, a certain minimum debt service coverage ratio, a certain range of ratios of recourse indebtedness to net worth and certain minimum amounts of cash or marketable securities based on our ratio of recourse indebtedness to net worth. At June 30, 2005, the Company is in compliance with all covenants under the DBAG Facility.
The debt that may be outstanding under the DBAG Facility is subject to a number of terms, conditions and restrictions including, without limitation, the maintenance of certain margin percentages on amounts outstanding under the DBAG Facility. If the market value of an asset securing the outstanding debt declines, cash flow due the Company may be suspended and if market value continues to decline, the Company may be required to satisfy a margin call by paying cash or providing additional collateral. Failure to meet any margin call could result in an event of default which would enable Deutsche Bank AG to exercise various rights and remedies including acceleration of the maturity date of the debt outstanding under the DBAG Facility or the sale of the assets financed thereunder.
Prior to June 14, 2005, the Company had financed the acquisition of securities for CDO IV through borrowings under the DBAG Facility. The Company used a portion of the proceeds from the
15
Northstar
Realty Finance Corp. and Subsidiaries and Northstar Realty Finance
Corp. Predecessor
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Condensed
Combined Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
sale of the transferred assets to repay approximately $234 million of the amount outstanding under the DBAG Facility. As of June 30, 2005 there are no outstanding borrowings under the DBAG facility.
The Company incurred interest expense of $2.0 million and $3.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, respectively.
Liability to Subsidiary Trusts Issuing Preferred Securities
On April 12, 2005 and May 25, 2005, NorthStar Realty Finance Trust and NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II, (the "Trusts") sold, in two private placements, trust preferred securities for an aggregate amount of $40 million and $25 million, respectively. The Company owns all of the common stock of the Trusts. The Trusts used the proceeds to purchase the Company's junior subordinated notes which mature on March 30, 2035 and June 30, 2035, respectively, these notes represent all of the Trusts' assets. The terms of the junior subordinated notes are substantially the same as the terms of the trust preferred securities. The trust preferred securities have a fixed interest rate of 8.15% and 7.74% per annum, respectively, during the first ten years, after which the interest rate will float and reset quarterly at the three-month LIBOR rate plus 3.25% per annum.
Under the provisions FIN 46R, the Company determined that the holders of the trust preferred securities were the primary beneficiaries of the Trusts. As a result, the Company did not consolidate the Trusts and has reflected the obligation to the Trusts under the caption "Liability to subsidiary trusts issuing preferred securities" in the condensed consolidated balance sheet and will account for the investment in the common stock of the Trusts, which is reflected in Investments in and advances to unconsolidated ventures in the condensed consolidated balance sheet, under the equity method of accounting.
The Company may redeem the notes, in whole or in part, for cash, at par, after March 30, 2010 and June 30, 2010, respectively. To the extent the Company redeems notes, the Trusts are required to redeem a corresponding amount of trust preferred securities.
The ability of the Trusts to pay dividends depends on the receipt of interest payments on the notes. The Company has the right, pursuant to certain qualifications and covenants, to defer payments of interest on the notes for up to six consecutive quarters. If payment of interest on the notes is deferred, the Trust will defer the quarterly distributions on the trust preferred securities for a corresponding period. Additional interest accrues on deferred payments at the annual rate payable on the notes, compounded quarterly.
The indenture for NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II has certain covenants that are substantially similar to those under the DBAG Facility and certain restrictions on issuing any additional trust preferred securities and other subordinate unsecured debt. At June 30, 2005, the Company is in compliance with all covenants under Trust II.
The terms are summarized as follows:
Trust I | Trust II | |||||||||
Trust Preferred Securities Outstanding as of June 30, 2005 | $40 million | $25 million | ||||||||
Interest Rate as of June 30, 2005 | 8.15% | 7.74% | ||||||||
Redemption period at Company's option | 3/30/2010 | 6/30/2010 | ||||||||
Maturity date | 3/30/2035 | 6/30/2035 | ||||||||
16
Northstar
Realty Finance Corp. and Subsidiaries and Northstar Realty Finance
Corp. Predecessor
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Condensed
Combined Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Scheduled principal payment requirements on the Company's borrowings are as follows as of June 30, 2005 (in thousands):
Total |
Mortgage
and
Mezzanine loans |
WA Temporary
Repurchase Agreement |
Liability to
Subsidiary Trusts Issuing Preferred Securities |
Repurchase
obligations |
CDO
Bonds
Payable (1) |
|||||||||||||||||||||
2005 | $ | 242,748 | $ | 1,952 | $ | 21,884 | $ | — | $ | 218,912 | $ | — | ||||||||||||||
2006 | 14,133 | 14,133 | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||
2007 | 1,581 | 1,581 | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 1,679 | 1,679 | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||
2009 | 1,799 | 1,799 | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||
Thereafter | 417,453 | 50,433 | — | 67,020 | — | 300,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 679,393 | $ | 71,577 | $ | 21,884 | $ | 67,020 | $ | 218,912 | $ | 300,000 | ||||||||||||||
(1) Based on scheduled repayment date of related CDO collateral, stated maturity is 7/1/2040. |
9. Related Party Transactions
Shared Facilities and Services Agreement
Total fees and expenses incurred by the Company under the shared facilities and services agreement amounted to $0.3 million and $0.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005. No amounts were payable to NCIC at June 30, 2005.
Advisory and Management Fee Income
NS Advisors LLC
CDO I, CDO II and CDO III entered into agreements with the Predecessor and the Company, through NS Advisors LLC, a subsidiary, to perform certain advisory services.
The Company earned total fees of approximately $1,019,000 and $1,771,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005. The Predecessor earned total fees of $344,000 and $689,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2004. Unpaid advisory fees of $570,000 and $82,000 are included in due from affiliates in the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively.
The Company also earned a structuring fee of $500,000 in connection with the closing of CDO III in March 2005, which was used to reduce its investment in CDO III which is included in debt securities available for sale in the condensed consolidated balance sheet.
NSF Venture
The Company earned and recognized advisory fees of approximately $109,000 and $300,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005. The Predecessor earned and recognized $240,000 and $493,000 for the three and six months June 30, 2004.
Management Fees
On December 28, 2004, ALGM terminated its existing asset management agreement with Emmes Asset Management Co. LLC ("Emmes"), an affiliate of NCIC. Pursuant to the termination provisions of the agreement, ALGM paid Emmes a contractual termination payment of approximately $385,000,
17
Northstar
Realty Finance Corp. and Subsidiaries and Northstar Realty Finance
Corp. Predecessor
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Condensed
Combined Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
which is equal to two quarters of payments of the annual existing fee. In addition, ALGM and Emmes entered into a new asset management agreement, which is cancelable on 30 days notice. The annual asset management fee under the new agreement is equal to 3.5% of gross collections from tenants of the properties not to exceed $350,000 or be less than $300,000 per year, subject to certain provisions. Total fees incurred under this agreement amounted to $61,000 and $118,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005.
10. Derivatives and Hedging Activities
To limit the exposure to the variable LIBOR interest rate, the Company entered into various swap agreements to fix the LIBOR rate on a portion of the Company's variable rate debt. The fixed LIBOR rate ranges from 4.18% to 5.03%. The following table summarizes the notional amounts and fair (carrying) values of the Company's derivative financial instruments as of June 30, 2005 (in thousands):
Notional
Amount |
Fair Value | Range of Maturity | ||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps, treated as hedges (a) | $26,349 | ($663) | December 2010 - August 2018 | |||||||||||
(a) Included in Other liabilities. |
11. Stockholders' Equity
Common Stock
On June 24, 2005, the Company issued 15,194 shares to its Board of Directors, as part of their annual grants.
Dividends
On April 21, 2005, the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.15 per share of common stock. The dividend was paid on May 16, 2005 to the shareholders of record as of the close of business on May 2, 2005.
12. Earnings Per Share
The Company's basic earnings per share ("EPS") is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. For purposes of calculating earnings per share, the Company considered all unvested restricted stock which participate in the dividends of the Company to be outstanding. The computation of diluted EPS considers the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted to common stock, where such exercise or conversion would result in a lower EPS amount. This also includes units of limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership which are considered convertible securities. The operating partnership units are exchangeable for common shares on a one for one basis. Additionally, income is allocated to all unit holders including the Company on a prorata basis. The conversion of these units to common shares are not dilutive to earnings per share.
13. Operating Real Estate Disposition
The Company sold its interest in a 19,618 square foot retail condominium unit at 729 Seventh Avenue ("729") in New York City for $29.0 million. The transaction closed on June 30, 2005. The gain on sale was approximately $8.6 million, net of minority interest, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005.
18
Northstar
Realty Finance Corp. and Subsidiaries and Northstar Realty Finance
Corp. Predecessor
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Condensed
Combined Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
The proceeds of the sale were used to pay down approximately $25.1 million of an existing mortgage on the ALGM portfolio and the remaining balance will be reinvested into a similar property acquisition to effectuate a 1031-tax free exchange.
In connection with the sale, 729 7th Realty Corp., an affiliate of the Riese Organization's National Restaurant Management Inc., agreed to discontinue the legal action that it had brought against the Company, settling the Company's only material pending legal action. See Note 14.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2004, discontinued operations included the results of operations of 729. The following table summarizes Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of minority interest and related gain on sale of discontinued operations, net of minority interest (in thousands):
Three
Months
Ended June 30, 2005 |
Three Months
Ended June 30, 2004 |
Six Months
Ended June 30, 2005 |
Six
Months
Ended June 30, 2004 |
|||||||||||||||
Revenue: | ||||||||||||||||||
Rental and escalation income | $ | 639 | $ | — | $ | 1,387 | $ | — | ||||||||||
Interest and other | 5 | — | 5 | — | ||||||||||||||
Total revenue | 644 | — | 1,392 | |||||||||||||||
Operating Expenses: | ||||||||||||||||||
Real estate property operating expenses | 32 | — | 220 | — | ||||||||||||||
Accounting and audit fee | — | — | 66 | — | ||||||||||||||
Interest expense | 562 | — | 1,084 | — | ||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | — | — | 85 | — | ||||||||||||||
Total expenses | 594 | — | 1,455 | — | ||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | 50 | — | (63 | ) | — | |||||||||||||
Gain on disposition of discontinued operations | 10,871 | — | 10,871 | — | ||||||||||||||
Income from discontinued operations before minority interest | 10,921 | — | 10,808 | — | ||||||||||||||
Minority interest | (2,251 | ) | — | (2,228 | ) | — | ||||||||||||
Income from discontinued operations, net of minority interest | $ | 8,670 | $ | — | $ | 8,580 | $ | — | ||||||||||
14. Contingency
On August 21, 2003, an action was filed against ALGM in New York State Supreme Court, New York County (the "Complaint"). The Complaint was brought by 729 7th Realty Corp. (the "Tenant"), a subsidiary of NRMI that is the net lessee of the Condominium, to enforce certain rights it claims to have under its net lease with ALGM (the "Net Lease").
In connection with the sale of 729, the tenant agreed to discontinue the legal action that it had brought against the Company, settling the Company's only material pending legal action, at no cost to the Company.
15. Equity Based Compensation
Long Term Incentive Bonus Plan
The Company has granted certain restricted awards to certain employees and co-employees of the Company and NCIC employees who provide services to the Company pursuant to a shared service agreement. These restricted awards are subject to both employment and the Company attaining
19
Northstar
Realty Finance Corp. and Subsidiaries and Northstar Realty Finance
Corp. Predecessor
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Condensed
Combined Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
certain performance hurdles. At June 30, 2005, management has made its best estimate of the Company's performance during the performance periods, based on the facts and information currently available and assumptions regarding the investment of the remaining proceeds of the Company's initial public offering pursuant to our stated business strategy and returns on future investments. On the basis of the foregoing, management has estimated that the Company would not meet the return hurdle in either of these performance periods. If the Company does not meet the return hurdle during the performance periods, the Company will not grant any awards under this program to members of management, other of our employees and the employees of NCIC who provide services to the Company. Accordingly, no compensation expense, with respect to provisional awards under the 2004 Long Term Incentive Bonus Plan, has been recognized in the condensed consolidated financial statements for the three or six months ended June 30, 2005.
Employee Outperformance Plan
In connection with the employment agreement of the Company's chief investment officer, he is eligible to receive incentive compensation equal to 15% of the annual net profits from the Company's real estate securities business in excess of a 12% return on invested capital (the annual bonus participation amount). The Company will have the option of terminating this incentive compensation arrangement at any time after the third anniversary of the date of its IPO by paying the Company's chief investment officer an amount based on a multiple of the estimated annual bonus participation amount, at the time it exercises this buyout option. If the Company exercises this buyout option, the fixed amount due for terminating this arrangement will vest ratably and be paid in four installments over a three-year period with 25% paid on termination. If the Company's chief investment officer voluntarily terminates his employment with the Company prior to any exercise of the Company's buyout option, he will be eligible to receive a portion of the future annual payments otherwise payable to him while employed based on a reverse vesting formula. The portion of the annual benefit to which the chief investment officer is eligible after voluntary termination ranges from 20% of what he would otherwise recieve for most recently created income streams to 100% of eligible income streams that are five or more years old. No compensation has been earned by the Company's chief investment officer under this plan for the three or six months ended June 30, 2005.
Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan
On January 30, 2005, our operating partnership granted an aggregate of 22,500 LTIP units, which are operating partnership units that are structured as profits interests, to certain employees of the Company pursuant to the 2004 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan. The LTIP units vest to the individual recipient at a rate of one-twelfth of the total amount granted as of the end of each quarter beginning with the quarter ended April 29, 2005. In addition, the LTIP unit holders are entitled to dividends on the entire grant.
16. Segment Reporting
The Predecessor and the Company have three reportable segments: (i) subordinate real estate debt, (ii) real estate securities and (iii) net lease real estate investments. The Company evaluates performance primarily based on its proportionate share of the earnings of such investments. General and administrative expenses were not allocated by management to various segments and therefore are presented as unallocated. The reportable segments are managed separately due to the differing nature of the business operations. The following tables set forth certain segment information for the Company on a consolidated basis and for the Predecessor on a combined basis, as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 and 2004 (in thousands):
20
Northstar
Realty Finance Corp. and Subsidiaries and Northstar Realty Finance
Corp. Predecessor
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Condensed
Combined Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2005 |
Net
Lease
Investments |
Subordinate
Real Estate Debt |
Investment Grade
Real Estate Securities |
Unallocated (1) |
Consolidated
Total |
|||||||||||||||||
Rental revenue | $ | 3,323 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 3,323 | ||||||||||||
Advisory and management fees | — | 129 | 1,019 | — | 1,148 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest income and other | 3 | 5,979 | 1,851 | 2,623 | 10,456 | |||||||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of uncombined ventures | — | 60 | — | — | 60 | |||||||||||||||||
Gain (loss) in investment and other | — | (42 | ) | (372 | ) | (170 | ) | (584 | ) | |||||||||||||
Interest expense | 1,267 | 2,469 | 266 | 2,977 | 6,979 | |||||||||||||||||
Other expenses | 1,833 | 65 | 402 | 3,671 | 5,971 | |||||||||||||||||
Minority interest | (2,251 | ) | — | — | (300 | ) | (2,551 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Gain from discontinued operations | 10,921 | — | — | — | 10,921 | |||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 8,896 | $ | 3,592 | $ | 1,830 | $ | (4,495 | ) | $ | 9,823 | |||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 105,002 | $ | 444,443 | $ | 87,275 | $ | 260,472 | $ | 897,192 | ||||||||||||
(1) | Unallocated interest income and interest expense relates to our temporary investments. Unallocated other expenses is comprised of corporate level general & administrative expenses. |
Six Months Ended June 30, 2005 |
Net
Lease
Investments |
Subordinate
Real Estate Debt |
Investment Grade
Real Estate Securities |
Unallocated (1) |
Consolidated
Total |
|||||||||||||||||
Rental revenue | $ | 6,431 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 6,431 | ||||||||||||
Advisory and management fees | — | 371 | 1,771 | — | 2,142 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest income and other | 12 | 8,636 | 3,149 | 6,631 | 18,428 | |||||||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of uncombined ventures | — | 106 | — | — | 106 | |||||||||||||||||
Gain (loss) in investment and other | — | (13 | ) | 1,354 | (291 | ) | 1,050 | |||||||||||||||
Interest expense | 2,406 | 3,463 | 511 | 6,566 | 12,946 | |||||||||||||||||
Other expenses | 3,681 | 107 | 819 | 7,709 | 12,316 | |||||||||||||||||
Minority interest | (2,228 | ) | — | — | (597 | ) | (2,825 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Gain from discontinued operations | 10,808 | — | — | — | 10,808 | |||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 8,936 | $ | 5,530 | $ | 4,944 | $ | (8,532 | ) | $ | 10,878 | |||||||||||
21
Northstar
Realty Finance Corp. and Subsidiaries and Northstar Realty Finance
Corp. Predecessor
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Condensed
Combined Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2004 |
Net
Lease
Investments |
Subordinate
Real Estate Debt |
Investment Grade
Real Estate Securities |
Unallocated |
Combined
Total |
|||||||||||||||||
Advisory and management fees | $ | — | $ | 600 | $ | 690 | $ | — | $ | 1,290 | ||||||||||||
Interest income | — | — | 563 | — | 563 | |||||||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of uncombined ventures | 600 | 264 | — | — | 864 | |||||||||||||||||
Gain (loss) in investment and other | — | — | 717 | — | 717 | |||||||||||||||||
Other expenses | — | — | 701 | 1,961 | 2,662 | |||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 600 | $ | 864 | $ | 1,269 | $ | (1,961 | ) | $ | 772 | |||||||||||
17. Subsequent Events
Wachovia Credit Facility
On July 13, 2005, NRFC WA Holdings, LLC ("NRFC WA"), a subsidiary of the Company entered into a master repurchase agreement with Wachovia Bank, National Association, ("Wachovia Bank"). NRFC WA may borrow up to $150 million (the "WA Facility") (which maximum borrowing amount may be increased to $300 million in Wachovia Bank's sole discretion) under this credit facility in order to finance the acquisition of first priority mortgage loans, senior or junior participation interests or B notes in first priority mortgage loans, mezzanine loans secured by commercial and multi-family properties and commercial properties in which the property is 100% leased under a credit tenant lease to, or guaranteed in full by, a credit tenant and B- or higher rated CMBS.
Advance rates under the WA Facility range from 55% to 95% of the value of the assets for which the advance is made. Amounts borrowed under the facility bear interest at one-month LIBOR plus a spread which ranges from 0.20% to 3.00%, depending on the type of asset for which the amount is borrowed. The facility has an initial term of three years and an initial maturity date of July 12, 2008. In addition, NRFC WA must pay an unused facility fee equal to 0.25% of the unused portion of the facility, commencing 120 days after July 13, 2005, payable quarterly in arrears. The Company has agreed to guaranty amounts borrowed by NRFC WA under the facility up to a maximum of $20 million.
NRFC WA may extend the term of the WA Facility for one year if it is not in default and pays an extension fee of 0.25% of the aggregate amount then outstanding under the facility. If NRFC WA extends the facility's term, it will be required to retire 25% of the aggregate amount then outstanding under the facility during each quarter of the remaining year of the term.
NRFC WA paid Wachovia Bank a $750,000 structuring fee in connection with the execution of this facility.
The debt outstanding under the facility is subject to a number of terms, conditions and restrictions including, without limitation, scheduled interest payments, the maintenance of certain margin percentages on amounts outstanding under the facility. If the market value of an asset securing outstanding debt declines, NRFC WA may be required to satisfy a margin call by paying cash or providing additional collateral. Failure to meet any margin call could result in an event of default which would enable Wachovia Bank to exercise various rights and remedies including acceleration of the maturity date of the debt outstanding under the facility and the sale of the collateral.
22
Northstar
Realty Finance Corp. and Subsidiaries and Northstar Realty Finance
Corp. Predecessor
Notes to Condensed Consolidated and Condensed
Combined Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Subordinate Real Estate Debt Investments
The following investments were acquired subsequent to June 30, 2005:
Date
of
Acquisition |
Loan
Name/Collateral |
Loan Type |
Principal
Amount (in thousands) |
Initial
Maturity |
Interest Rate
Index and Spread |
|||||||||||||||||
7/01/05 | Office Building |
Junior
Participation |
$ | 4,250 | 1/2007 |
LIBOR
+
2.50% |
||||||||||||||||
7/01/05 | Office Building |
Mezzanine
Loan |
5,000 | 1/2007 |
LIBOR
+
5.00% |
|||||||||||||||||
7/15/05 | Office Building |
Junior
Participation |
10,000 | 7/2007 |
LIBOR
+
7.00% |
|||||||||||||||||
8/1/05 | Multifamily |
Junior
Participation |
35,000 | 8/2007 |
LIBOR
+
5.25% |
|||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 54,250 | ||||||||||||||||||||
These investments were acquired as part of the ramp-up of CDO IV.
Real Estate Securities
From June 30, 2005 through August 9, 2005, the bank has acquired approximately $104.0 million in real estate securities under the terms of the CDO V warehouse agreement which are expected to be included in a securitization transaction.
Salt Lake City Property
On August 2, 2005, the Company closed a $22.0 million acquisition of a 117,553 square foot office building in Salt Lake City, Utah, which is 100% leased to the General Services Administration under a lease that expires in April 2012. The property is financed with a 5.16% fixed rate, seven year non-recourse first mortgage loan of $17 million.
Dividends
On July 28, 2005, the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.15 per share of common stock. The dividend is expected to be paid on August 15, 2005 to the shareholders of record as of the close of business on August 8, 2005.
Operating Real Estate Disposition
In July 2005, the Company formally initiated an effort to market for sale one of its operating real estate properties located at 1552 Broadway.
On July 28, 2005, the Company obtained Board approval for the sale and determined that the plan for sale criteria in FASB Statement No. 144 "Accounting for Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets" has been met. Accordingly, since the criteria was met subsequent to June 30, 2005, the property will not be classified to held for sale until the third quarter ending September 30, 2005.
23
ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our and our predecessor's financial statements and notes thereto included in this report.
Organization and Overview
We are an internally-managed REIT that was formed to continue and expand the subordinate real estate debt, real estate securities and net lease businesses of NorthStar Capital Investment Corp., or NorthStar Capital. Upon the consummation of our initial public offering, or IPO, on October 29, 2004, three subsidiaries of NorthStar Capital contributed 100% of their respective interests in entities through which NorthStar Capital engaged in these businesses in exchange for units of limited partnership interest in our operating partnership and approximately $36.1 million. Our management team consists primarily of the same individuals who managed these businesses for NorthStar Capital.
We commenced operations upon the consummation of our IPO. We conduct substantially all of our operations and make our investments through our operating partnership, NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership, or NorthStar Partnership, of which we are the sole general partner. Through our operating partnership, we:
• | acquire, originate and structure subordinate and other high-yielding debt investments secured by income-producing commercial and multifamily properties; |
• | create, manage and issue collateralized debt obligations, or CDOs, backed by commercial real estate debt securities; and |
• | acquire properties that are primarily net leased to corporate tenants. |
Basis of Quarterly Presentation
Set forth below is a discussion of the financial condition and results of operations of our predecessor for the three and six months ended June 30, 2004 and NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005.
Our predecessor is an aggregation of the entities through which NorthStar Capital owned and operated its subordinate real estate debt, real estate securities and net lease properties businesses and was not a separate legal operating entity. The ultimate owners of these entities were NorthStar Capital and their minority owners. NorthStar Partnership, L.P., the operating partnership of NorthStar Capital, was the managing member with day-to-day operational responsibility of the entities controlled by NorthStar Capital. These entities are combined in our predecessor's historical financial statements. Where our predecessor had a non-controlling interest in any of the entities that comprised our predecessor, such entities are presented as part of our predecessor on an uncombined basis. Because the discussion of the financial condition and results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2004, which is set forth below, relates to the entities comprising our predecessor, it reflects the historical financing and operational strategies of these entities.
Although the entities comprising our predecessor operated as separate businesses of NorthStar Capital, these businesses utilized certain of NorthStar Capital's employees, insurance and administrative services. General and administrative expenses incurred by NorthStar Capital on behalf of all of its business units which include salaries and benefits, rent, furniture, equipment, travel and entertainment, accounting, legal services and other expenses were allocated to our predecessor by NorthStar Capital through identification of specific expense items, where practical, and otherwise through an estimation of the level of effort devoted by certain of NorthStar Capital's employees. In the opinion of management, the methods used to allocate general and administrative expenses and other costs were reasonable.
Upon the contribution of the initial investments to our operating partnership, these businesses became fully integrated and therefore we present our financial statements on a consolidated basis for
24
all periods thereafter. Simultaneously with this contribution, we entered into a shared facilities and services agreement with NorthStar Capital, pursuant to which certain general and administrative services required to run these businesses are provided by NorthStar Capital for a period of one year in exchange for a fixed annual fee.
Sources of Operating Revenues
Historically, our predecessor primarily derived operating revenues from earnings of uncombined ventures which consisted of our predecessor's proportionate share of the net income from the rental operations of the New York property portfolio and from subordinate real estate debt investments. In more recent periods, our predecessor also derived operating revenues from advisory fees related to our real estate securities and subordinate real estate debt businesses, from the residual interests in the cash flows of its investment grade CDOs based on our equity interests in such CDOs and from the interest income on our junior debt investments in its investment grade CDOs.
Subsequent to our IPO and the integration of the subordinate real estate debt, real estate securities and net lease properties businesses, we primarily derived operating revenues from rental income, from the rental operations of the consolidated net lease real estate portfolio, from interest income on our consolidated investments in subordinate real estate debt, from the residual interests in the cash flows of our investment grade CDOs based on our equity interests in such CDOs and from the interest income on our junior debt investments in our investment grade CDOs, from earnings of an unconsolidated venture which consists of our proportionate share of the net income of that venture's subordinate debt investments and from advisory fees related to our real estate securities and subordinate real estate debt businesses.
Subordinate Real Estate Debt
Direct Investments. The additional liquidity provided by the net proceeds of our IPO allowed us to increase the number and range of subordinate real estate debt in which we invest. We used a portion of the net proceeds of our IPO to make investments in subordinate real estate debt which are consolidated on our balance sheet, including the assets of our first subordinate real estate debt CDO or CDO IV. We earn interest income and origination fees on these consolidated investments, any advisory fees earned on these investments are eliminated in consolidation.
NSF Venture. NorthStar Capital commenced its business of investing in subordinate real estate debt in 2001 through an arrangement we refer to as the NSF Venture. NorthStar Funding Managing Member LLC, a majority-owned subsidiary of NorthStar Capital prior to the contribution of the initial investments to our operating partnership, is the managing member and holder of 50% of the outstanding membership interests in NorthStar Funding Management LLC, the managing member of the NSF Venture. NorthStar Funding Management LLC is responsible for the origination, underwriting and structuring of all investments made by the NSF Venture. Moreover, the NSF Venture investor has the right to approve all investments that NorthStar Funding Management LLC proposes to make on behalf of the NSF Venture.
NorthStar Funding Investor Member LLC, a majority-owned subsidiary of NorthStar Capital prior to the contribution of the initial investments to our operating partnership, owns a 5% interest in the NSF Venture and the NSF Venture Investor owns the remaining 95%. Prior to July 10, 2003, NorthStar Funding Investor Member LLC held a 10% interest in the NSF Venture. On July 10, 2003, the terms of the NSF Venture were amended to increase NorthStar Funding Investor Member LLC's capital commitment to $190 million, or 95% of $200 million, and reduce NorthStar Funding Investor Member LLC's interest to 5%. NorthStar Capital contributed its interests in the NSF Venture to our operating partnership upon consummation of our IPO.
We receive an advisory fee of 1% of contributed capital per annum as compensation for NorthStar Funding Management LLC's management of the NSF Venture's investments. We are also entitled to a profit participation equal to 10% of the profit after a minimum return on the NSF Venture's capital and a return of capital based upon the performance of the NSF Venture's
25
investments. NorthStar Funding Managing Member LLC receives 75% of this 10% profit participation. We also earn an additional advisory fee from the NSF Venture Investor for underwriting and placing the senior participation and sub-participation interests that are acquired by the NSF Venture Investor directly from the NSF Venture.
Our equity in earnings of the NSF Venture includes interest income and origination fees on investments.
Real Estate Securities
We invest in commercial mortgage-backed securities, or CMBS, and other real estate securities which are primarily investment grade and are financed with long term debt through the issuance of investment grade CDOs, thereby matching the terms of the assets and the liabilities.
We earn a spread between the yield on the assets and the interest expense incurred on the CDO debt issued through our investments in the equity interests and the junior CDO debt of each CDO issuer.
We also earn ongoing management fees for our management and monitoring of the CDO collateral of our investments in CDO I, CDO II and CDO III, which fees equal 0.35% of the related CDO collateral.
Prior to a new investment grade CDO issuance, there is a period during which real estate securities are identified and acquired for inclusion in a CDO, known as the warehouse accumulation period. During this period, we direct the acquisition of securities under a warehouse facility from a bank that will be the lead manager of the CDO. The warehouse provider then purchases the securities and holds them on its balance sheet. We direct the acquisition of securities by the warehouse provider during this period, but we do not earn any fees for providing this service to either the warehouse provider or the issuer of the CDO, which will receive such securities upon the closing of the CDO. We contribute cash and other collateral, which is held in escrow by the warehouse provider, to back our commitment to purchase equity in the CDO and to cover our share of losses should securities need to be liquidated. Pursuant to the warehouse agreement, we share gains, including the net interest earned during the warehouse period, and losses, if any, with the warehouse provider.
During the warehouse period, our participation under the warehouse agreement is reflected in our consolidated financial and our predecessor's combined financial statements as a non-hedge derivative, which is reflected at fair value and any unrealized gain or loss is charged to operations. Based on an analysis of our and our predecessor's interest in CDO I as a variable interest entity under FASB Interpretation No. 46R "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities," the financial statements of CDO I were not consolidated into our predecessor's financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2004 or in our financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 and for the period from October 29, 2004 to December 31, 2004, since neither our predecessor nor we were the primary beneficiary of CDO I. Similarly, the financial statements of CDO II and CDO III were not consolidated into our financial statements since we were not the primary beneficiary of CDO II or CDO III. Accordingly, we have designated the beneficial interests in preferred equity of CDO I and the unrated income notes of CDO II and CDO III as debt securities available for sale as they meet the definition of debt instruments due to their underlying redemption provisions.
Net Lease Properties
We earn rental income from office, industrial and retail properties that are net leased to corporate tenants.
We had two fee and six leasehold interests in a portfolio of retail and commercial properties located in the Times Square and midtown area of Manhattan which we refer to as the New York property portfolio. This portfolio is owned by our subsidiary, ALGM I Owners LLC, or ALGM. Our predecessor held a 97.5% non-managing equity interest in ALGM. Two of ALGM's leases expired in 2003, one in March and one in October. The Company sold its interest in one of ALGM's fee properties, 729 Seventh Avenue ("729") for $29.0 million on June 30, 2005.
26
As of June 30, 2005, ALGM owned seven properties, which vary in size from 4,200 square feet to 21,140 square feet and had a total of 76,496 net rentable square feet. Three of the properties are primarily leased or subleased to single users and four are leased or subleased to multiple tenants.
The results of operations for these properties were reflected in our predecessor's equity in earnings of uncombined ventures because our predecessor owned a 97.5% non-managing equity interest in ALGM. Concurrently with the contribution of the initial investments to our operating partnership, we purchased the remaining 2.5% managing equity interest from ALGM I Equity LLC with $1.6 million of the proceeds of our IPO. The results of operations of ALGM have been consolidated in our financial statements subsequent to our IPO.
On January 14, 2005, we closed the acquisition of a portfolio of three net-leased office properties, totaling 257,336 square feet of rentable space in Chatsworth, CA, or the Chatsworth properties, for $63.5 million. The Chatsworth properties are net leased to Washington Mutual Bank under leases that expire in June 2015. We financed the acquisition with a $44 million first mortgage and a $13 million mezzanine loan which was funded by the warehouse provider under the warehouse agreement for CDO III. This mezzanine loan currently constitutes a portion of the portfolio of securities owned by CDO III.
Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or US GAAP, requires the use of estimates and assumptions that could affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses. Management has identified certain critical accounting policies that affect the more significant judgments and estimates used by management in the preparation of our predecessor's combined financial statements and our consolidated financial statements. Management evaluates on an ongoing basis estimates related to critical accounting policies, including those related to revenue recognition, allowances for doubtful accounts receivable and impairment of investments in uncombined ventures and debt securities available for sale. The estimates are based on information that is currently available to management, as well as on various other assumptions that management believes are reasonable under the circumstances.
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include our accounts and our majority-owned subsidiaries, and interests in variable interest entities where we are deemed the primary beneficiary in accordance with FIN 46R. All significant intercompany balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
Debt Securities Available for Sale
Debt securities available for sale are carried at estimated fair value with the net unrealized gains or losses reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders' equity. The equity investments in CDO I, CDO II and CDO III are relatively illiquid, and the value of such investments must be estimated by management. Fair value is based primarily upon broker quotes or management's estimates. These estimated values are subject to significant variability based on market conditions, such as interest rates and spreads. Changes in the valuations do not affect reported income or cash flows, but impact stockholders' equity.
Subordinate Real Estate Debt Investments
We must periodically evaluate each of our direct investments in subordinate real estate debt for possible impairment. Impairment is indicated when it is deemed probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan. Upon a determination of impairment, we would establish a specific valuation allowance with a corresponding charge to earnings. Significant judgment is required both in determining impairment and in estimating the
27
resulting loss allowance. Allowances for loan investment losses are established based upon a periodic review of the loan investments. Income recognition is generally suspended for loans at the earlier of the date at which payments become 90 days past due or when, in the opinion of management, a full recovery of income and principal becomes doubtful. Income recognition is resumed when the loan becomes contractually current and performance is demonstrated to be resumed. In performing this review, management considers the estimated net recoverable value of the loan as well as other factors, including the fair market value of any collateral, the amount and the status of any senior debt, the prospects for the borrower and the economic conditions in the region where the borrower does business. Because this determination is based upon projections of future economic events, which are inherently subjective, the amounts ultimately realized from the loan investments may differ materially from the carrying value as of the balance sheet date. To date, all of our direct investments in subordinate real estate debt are fully performing and we have determined that no loss allowances have been necessary with respect to the loans.
Revenue Recognition
Our rental revenue from our net lease real estate portfolio is recognized on a straight-line basis over the initial term of the respective leases. The excess of straight-line rents recognized over amounts contractually due pursuant to the underlying leases are included in straight-line unbilled rents receivable in our condensed consolidated balance sheet. Management provides an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of its tenants to make required rent and other payments as due. Additionally, management establishes, on a current basis, an allowance for future tenant credit losses on unbilled rents receivable based upon an evaluation of the collectibility of such amounts. Management is required to make subjective assessments about the collectibility of the deferred rent receivable that in many cases will not be billed to tenants for many years from the balance sheet date. Management's determination is based upon an assessment of credit worthiness of private company tenants for which financial information is not readily available and as such is not subject to precise quantification.
Interest income on our subordinate real estate debt investments is recognized over the life of the investment using the effective interest method and recognized on an accrual basis. Fees received in connection with loan commitments are recognized over the term of the loan as an adjustment to yield. Anticipated exit fees, whose collection is expected, are also recognized over the term of the loan as an adjustment to yield.
Performance-Based Compensation
Our board of directors has adopted the NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. 2004 Long Term Incentive Bonus Plan, or the incentive bonus plan, in order to retain and incentivize officers and certain key employees of us, co-employees of us and NorthStar Capital and employees of NorthStar Capital who provide services to us pursuant to the shared facilities and services agreement which we collectively refer to as the eligible participants. As of November 19, 2004, the compensation committee of our board of directors had allocated an aggregate of 665,346 shares of our common stock to certain of the eligible participants as potential awards pursuant to the incentive bonus plan if we achieve the return hurdles established by the compensation committee for the two one-year performance periods beginning October 1, 2005 and October 1, 2006. The compensation committee has established a return hurdle for these performance periods of a 12.5% annual return on paid in capital, as defined in the incentive bonus plan. If we achieve these return hurdles, these awards may be paid in cash, shares of common stock, LTIP units or other shared-based form.
Each of the eligible participants will be entitled to receive half of his or her allocated award if we meet the return hurdle for the one-year period beginning October 1, 2005 and such eligible participant is employed through the end of this first performance period. Each of the eligible participants will be entitled to the other half of his or her total allocated award amount if we meet the return hurdle for the one-year period beginning on October 1, 2006 and such eligible participant is employed through the end of this second performance period. If we do not meet the return hurdle for the one-year
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period beginning October 1, 2005, but we meet the return hurdle for the two-year period beginning October 1, 2005 (determined by averaging our performance over the two-year period) and an eligible participant is employed through the end of this two-year period, such eligible participant will be entitled to receive his or her total allocated award amount.
On June 30, 2005, management has made its best estimate of our performance during these two performance periods, based on the facts and information currently available and assumptions regarding the investment of the remaining proceeds of our IPO pursuant to our business strategy and returns on future investments. On the basis of the foregoing, management has estimated that we will not meet the return hurdle in either of these performance periods. If we do not meet the return hurdle during the performance periods, we will not grant any awards under the incentive bonus plan to any of the eligible participants.
Unconsolidated/Uncombined Ventures
Management is required to make subjective assessments as to whether there are impairments in the values of its and our predecessor's investments in unconsolidated/uncombined ventures which are accounted for using the equity method. As no public market exists for these investments, management estimates the recoverability of these investments based on projections and cash flow analysis. These assessments have a direct impact on net income because recording an impairment loss results in an immediate negative adjustment to net income. The following is a summary of the accounting policies relating to unconsolidated/uncombined ventures that are most affected by judgments, estimates and assumptions.
Subordinate Real Estate Debt Investments. The NSF Venture records the transfer of a participation or sub-participation in a loan investment of the NSF Venture as a sale when the attributes of the transaction meet the criteria for sale of SFAS 140, "Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities," including transferring the financial interest beyond the reach of its creditors and placing no substantive restrictions on the resale of the participation or sub-participation by the purchaser.
Revenue Recognition. ALGM was accounted for as an uncombined venture until our purchase of the 2.5% managing membership interest in ALGM on October 29, 2004. Prior to such date, management applied the same revenue recognition policy with respect to properties in the New York property portfolio as described under "— Critical Accounting Policies — Revenue Recognition" above.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Our predecessor's results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2004 are not necessarily indicative of our future results of operations due to the impact of our IPO, the acquisition of additional interests in ALGM and its resulting consolidation, the expansion of our real estate securities and subordinate real estate debt businesses, and our new investments and their related debt financing.
We sold one of the ALGM properties on June 30, 2005 and have classified its operations for 2005 as discontinued operations for the periods ending June 30, 2005 and 2004.
Comparison of the Three Months Ended June 30, 2005 to the Three Months Ended June 30, 2004
Revenues
Rental and escalation income
Rental and escalation income for the three months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $3.3 million representing a $3.3 million increase compared to the three months ended June 30, 2004. The increase was primarily attributable to $1.9 million of rental income from our net lease portfolio (ALGM)
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which was accounted for under the equity method of accounting in the three months ended June 30, 2004. We acquired the 2.5% managing interest in the net lease portfolio on October 29, 2004 and accordingly the operations of these properties have been consolidated into the condensed consolidated financial statements in 2005. We also acquired the Chatsworth properties on January 14, 2005, which contributed an additional $1.4 million of rental income.
Advisory and management fee income
Advisory and management fee income totaled $20,000 representing a decrease of $33,000, or 62%, for the three months ended June 30, 2005, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2004, due to a lower average portfolio balance in the second quarter of 2005.
Advisory and management fee income – related parties
Advisory fees from related parties for the three months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $1.1 million representing an increase of approximately $0.5 million, or 93%, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2004. The increase is comprised primarily of $0.3 million of fees each earned from CDO I, CDO II (which closed in July 2004) and CDO III (which closed March 10, 2005). This increase was offset by a decrease in fees earned from the NSF Venture of approximately $0.1 million which was due to a lower average portfolio loan balance for the three months ended June 30, 2005.
Interest income
Interest income for the three months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $10.5 million representing an increase of $10.1 million or 3293% compared to the three months ended June 30, 2004. The increase is attributable to interest on investments, which did not exist in the comparable quarter. The interest income on these investments included $2.6 million of interest income earned from our investments in AAA-rated, short term, floating rate securities, from interest income of approximately $6.0 million on subordinate real estate debt investments, and approximately $1.9 million of interest income from debt securities available for sale which is comprised of (1) approximately $1.5 million from the investments in the equity of our three CDOs, (2) approximately $0.3 million from our "BB" rated junior classes of debt securities and unrated income notes of CDO II and (3) approximately $0.1 million on cash collateralizing our short security sales. For the three months ended June 30, 2004, interest income of $0.3 million was earned from CDO I.
Expenses
Real estate properties – operating expenses
Property operating expenses for the three and months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $0.7 million, representing an increase of $0.7 million compared to the three months ended June 30, 2004. The increase was primarily attributable to $0.5 million of property operating expenses from our net lease portfolio which was accounted for under the equity method of accounting in the three months ended June 30, 2004. We acquired the 2.5% managing interest in the net lease portfolio on October 29, 2004 and accordingly the operations of these properties have been consolidated into the condensed consolidated financial statements in 2005. We also acquired the Chatsworth properties on January 14, 2005 which contributed an additional $0.2 million of property operating expenses.
Interest expense
Interest expense for the three months ended June 30, 2005 totaled approximately $7.0 million, representing an increase of $7.0 million compared to the three months ended June 30, 2004. This increase was primarily attributable to the following: $2.0 million of interest on financing from our investments in AAA-rated, short term, floating rate securities and $0.3 million on our investment in the "BB" rated junior classes of debt securities and unrated income securities of CDO II and interest expense on securities underlying short sales we entered into during 2004, $1.2 million related to our net lease portfolio, $1.9 million on the DBAG facility, $0.6 million relating to issuance of CDO bonds in the second quarter and $1.0 million of interest on liabilities to subsidiary trusts that issued preferred securities in the second quarter.
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Management fees – related party
Management fees – related party for the three months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $61,000, representing an increase of $61,000 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2004. The increase was primarily attributable to the net lease portfolio which was accounted for under the equity method of accounting in the three months ended June 30, 2004. ALGM incurred a management fee during the three months ended June 30, 2004 of $128,000. We acquired the 2.5% managing interest in the net lease portfolio on October 29, 2004 and accordingly the operations of these properties have been consolidated into the condensed consolidated financial statements in 2005.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $4.1 million representing an increase of $2.8 million, or 220%, compared to $1.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2004. The increase is comprised of the following:
Salaries and other compensation (direct and allocated) for the three months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $1.3 million representing an increase of approximately $0.4 million or 38% compared to the three months ended June 30, 2004. The increase is primarily attributable to an increase in salaries due to higher staffing levels to accommodate the expansion of our three businesses subsequent to our IPO.
Shared services – related party for the three months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $0.3 million, representing an increase of approximately $0.3 million compared to the three months ended June 30, 2004. The increase was attributable to the shared facilities and services agreement we entered into with NorthStar Capital on October 29, 2004.
Equity based compensation expense for the three months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $1.0 million, representing an increase of $1.0 million compared to the three months ended June 30, 2004. The increase is attributable to approximately $0.2 million of compensation expense in connection with the buyout of a profits interest (a compensation arrangement) in NS Advisors from one of our employees, and approximately $0.6 million in connection with the three-year vesting of equity based awards issued under our 2004 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan. In addition, compensation expense of $0.2 million was recognized in connection with a grant of 15,194 shares to our Board of Directors on June 24, 2005.
Insurance (direct and allocated) for the three months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $217,000 representing an increase of $120,000 or 124% compared to the three months ended June 30, 2004. The increase was attributable to the directors and officers policies we acquired subsequent to the IPO.
Accounting and auditing fees for the three months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $0.3 million representing an increase of $0.3 million compared to the three months ended June 30, 2004. The increase is attributable to services provided in 2005, including quarterly review and compliance work during the three months ended June 30, 2005. Our predecessor did not incur similar accounting and auditing fees during the three months ended June 30, 2004.
Other general and administrative expenses (direct and allocated) for the three months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $1.0 million representing an increase of approximately $0.8 million, or 287%, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2004. This increase is primarily attributable to legal costs of $244,000 associated with general corporate matters, consulting fees of $170,000 associated with periodic reporting obligations, various public company expenses of $110,000, and public relations costs of $30,000.
Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense for the three months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $1.0 million representing an increase of $1.0 million compared to the three months ended June 30, 2004. The increase was primarily attributable to $0.5 million from our net lease portfolio which was accounted for under the equity method of accounting for the three months ended June 30, 2004. We acquired the 2.5% managing interest in the net lease portfolio on October 29, 2004 and accordingly
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the operations of these properties have been consolidated into the condensed consolidated financial statements in 2005. We also acquired the Chatsworth properties on January 14, 2005 which contributed an additional $0.5 million of depreciation and amortization expense.
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated/uncombined ventures
Equity in earnings for the three months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $60,000 representing a decrease of $432,000 or 88% compared to the three months ended June 30, 2004. The decrease was attributable to the decrease in the equity in earnings of the NSF Venture of approximately $0.1 million due to a lower average portfolio loan balance in 2005 and a decrease of $0.3 million from our net lease portfolio which was accounted for under the equity method of accounting in 2004. We acquired the 2.5% managing interest in the net lease portfolio on October 29, 2004 and accordingly the operations of these properties have been consolidated into the condensed consolidated financial statements in 2005.
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments and other
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments and other increased by $0.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2005 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2004. Unrealized losses on investments for the three months ended June 30, 2005 of approximately $0.5 million consisted of an unrealized gain on the CDO V warehouse agreement of approximately $0.2 million which was offset by $0.5 million and $0.1 million of unrealized losses on short sales of securities and short term investments, respectively. Unrealized losses on investments of $0.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2004 related to the CDO II warehouse agreement. Unrealized gain(loss) on investments relating to each of these CDO warehouse agreements represent the changes in fair value of each warehouse agreement during the portion of the warehouse term in the financial reporting period.
Realized gain (loss) on investments and other
Realized gain (loss) on investments and other for the three months ended June 30, 2005 totaled approximately $0.1 million representing an increase of $0.1 million compared to the three months ended June 30, 2004. The increase is attributable to realized losses of $0.1 million related to the sale of a portion of our investments in AAA-rated, short term, floating rate securities.
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of minority interest
We sold our interest in 729 Seventh Avenue ("729"). Accordingly, the property's operations were reclassified to Income (loss) from discontinued operations. This property was accounted for under the equity method of accounting for the three months ended June 30, 2004, as part of net lease portfolio. We acquired the 2.5% managing interest in the net lease portfolio on October 29, 2004 and accordingly the operations of these properties have been consolidated into the condensed consolidated financial statements in 2005.
Gain on Sale from discontinued operations, net of minority interest
We sold our interest in 729 for $29 million, recognizing a gain on sale, net of minority interest of $8.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2005.
Comparison of the Six Months Ended June 30, 2005 to the Six Months Ended June 30, 2004
Revenues
Rental and escalation income
Rental and escalation income for the six months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $6.4 million representing, a $6.4 million increase compared to the six months ended June 30, 2004. The increase was primarily attributable to $3.7 million from our net lease portfolio (ALGM) which was accounted
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for under the equity method of accounting in the six months ended June 30, 2004. We acquired the 2.5% managing interest in the net lease portfolio on October 29, 2004 and accordingly the operations of these properties have been consolidated into the condensed consolidated financial statements in 2005. We also acquired the Chatsworth properties on January 14, 2005, which contributed an additional $2.7 million of rental income.
Advisory and management fee income
Advisory and management fee income decreased by $37,000, or 34%, to $71,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2005, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2004, due to a lower average portfolio balance in 2005.
Advisory and management fee income – related parties
Advisory fees from related parties for the six months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $2.1 million, representing an increase of approximately $0.9 million, or 75%, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2004. The increase is comprised primarily of $0.7 million of fees earned for CDO II (which closed in July 2004) and $0.4 million of fees earned for CDO III (which closed March 10, 2005). This increase was offset by a decrease in fees earned from the NSF Venture of approximately $0.2 million, which was due to a lower average portfolio loan balance for the six months ended June 30, 2005.
Interest income
Interest income for the six months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $18.4 million representing an increase of $17.8 million compared to the six months ended June 30, 2004. The increase is attributable to interest on investments, which did not exist in the comparable period. The interest on these investments included $6.6 million of interest income earned from our investments in AAA-rated, short term, floating rate securities, approximately $8.6 million on subordinate real estate debt investments, and approximately $3.1 million of interest income from debt securities available for sale which is comprised of (1) approximately $2.4 million from the investments in the equity of our three CDOs, (2) approximately $0.6 million from our "BB" rated junior classes of debt securities and unrated income notes of CDO II and (3) approximately $0.1 million on cash collateralizing our short security sales. For the six months ended June 30, 2004, interest income of $0.6 million was earned from CDO I.
Expenses
Real estate properties – operating expenses
Property operating expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $1.5 million, representing an increase of $1.5 million compared to the six months ended June 30, 2004. The increase was primarily attributable to $1.1 million of property operating expenses from our net lease portfolio which was accounted for under the equity method of accounting in the six months ended June 30, 2004. We acquired the 2.5% managing interest in the net lease portfolio on October 29, 2004 and accordingly the operations of these properties have been consolidated into the condensed consolidated financial statements in 2005. We also acquired the Chatsworth properties on January 14, 2005 which contributed an additional $0.4 million of property operating expenses.
Interest expense
Interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2005 totaled approximately $12.9 million, representing an increase of $12.9 million compared to the six months ended June 30, 2004. This increase was primarily attributable to the following $5.6 million of interest on financing from our investments in AAA-rated, short term, floating rate securities, approximately $0.5 million on our investment in the "BB" rated junior classes of debt securities and unrated income securities of CDO II and on securities underlying short sales we entered into during 2004, $2.4 million related to our net lease portfolio, $2.9 on the DBAG Facility, approximately $0.6 million on CDO IV, and approximately $1.0 million on liabilities to subsidiary trusts that issued preferred securities in the second quarter.
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Management fees – related party
Management fees – related party for the six months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $118,000, representing an increase of $118,000 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2004. The increase was primarily attributable to the net lease portfolio which was accounted for under the equity method of accounting in the six months ended June 30, 2004. ALGM incurred a management fee during the six months ended June 30, 2004 of $258,000. We acquired the 2.5% managing interest in the net lease portfolio on October 29, 2004 and accordingly the operations of these properties have been consolidated into the condensed consolidated financial statements in 2005.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $8.8 million, representing an increase of $6.1 million, or 228%, compared to $2.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2004. The increase is comprised of the following:
Salaries and other compensation (direct and allocated) for the six months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $2.5 million, representing an increase of approximately $0.7 million, or 38%, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2004. The increase is primarily attributable to an increase in salaries due to higher staffing levels to accommodate the expansion of our three businesses subsequent to our IPO.
Shared services – related party for the six months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $0.7 million, representing an increase of approximately $0.7 million compared to the six months ended June 30, 2004. The increase was attributable to the shared facilities and services agreement we entered into with NorthStar Capital on October 29, 2004.
Equity based compensation expense for the six months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $1.8 million, representing an increase of $1.8 million compared to the six months ended June 30, 2004. The increase is attributable to approximately $0.4 million of compensation expense in connection with the buyout of a profits interest (a compensation arrangement) in NS Advisors from one of our employees, and approximately $1.2 million in connection with the three-year vesting of equity based awards issued under our 2004 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan. In addition, compensation expense of $0.2 million was recognized in connection with a grant of 15,194 shares to our Board of Directors on June 24, 2005.
Insurance (direct and allocated) for the six months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $430,000 representing an increase of $235,000 or 121% compared to the six months ended June 30, 2004. The increase was attributable to the directors and officers policies we acquired subsequent to the IPO.
Accounting and auditing fees for the six months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $1.3 million, representing an increase of $1.3 million compared to the six months ended June 30, 2004. The increase is attributable to 2004 audit fees, the first quarter review performed by our auditors and compliance work during the six months ended June 30, 2005. Our predecessor did not incur similar accounting and auditing fees during the six months ended June 30, 2004.
Other general and administrative expenses (direct and allocated) for the six months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $2.0 million, representing an increase of approximately $1.4 million, or 223%, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2004. This increase is primarily attributable to legal costs of $0.5 million associated with general corporate matters, consulting fees of approximately $0.4 million associated with year end and periodic reporting obligations, recruiting fees of approximately $55,000 and various public company expenses of $124,000, and public relations costs of $60,000.
Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense for the six months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $2.0 million, representing an increase of $2.0 million compared to the six months ended June 30, 2004. The increase was primarily attributable to $0.9 million from our net lease portfolio which was accounted for under the equity method of accounting for the six months ended June 30, 2004. We acquired the 2.5% managing interest in the net lease portfolio on October 29, 2004 and accordingly the operations of these properties have been consolidated into the condensed consolidated financial statements in
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2005. We also acquired the Chatsworth properties on January 14, 2005, which contributed an additional $1.0 million of depreciation and amortization expense and $0.1 million related to the amortization of the intangible assets.
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated/uncombined ventures
Equity in earnings for the six months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $106,000, representing a decrease of $758,000, or 88%, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2004. The decrease was attributable to the decrease in the equity in earnings of the NSF Venture of approximately $0.1 million due to a lower average portfolio loan balance in 2005 and a decrease of $0.6 million from our net lease portfolio which was accounted for under the equity method of accounting in 2004. We acquired the 2.5% managing interest in the net lease portfolio on October 29, 2004 and accordingly the operations of these properties have been consolidated into the condensed consolidated financial statements in 2005.
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments and other
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments and other decreased by approximately $0.2 million, or 23%, from $0.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2005, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2004. Unrealized gains on investments of approximately $0.5 million consisted of unrealized gains of $0.7 million on the CDO III warehouse agreement and approximately $0.2 million on the CDO V warehouse agreement, offset by $0.3 million of unrealized combined losses on short sales of securities and short term investments. Unrealized gains on investments of $0.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2004 related to the CDO II warehouse agreement. Unrealized gains on investments relating to each of these CDO warehouse agreements represent the changes in fair value of each warehouse agreement during the portion of the warehouse term in the financial reporting period.
Realized gain (loss) on investments and other
Realized gain (loss) on investments and other for the six months ended June 30, 2005 totaled $0.5 million, representing an increase of $0.5 million compared to the six months ended June 30, 2004. The increase is attributable to realized gains of $0.7 million, representing the increase in fair value of the CDO III warehouse agreement through March 10, 2005, when the warehouse agreement was terminated and the assets of the warehouse were transferred to CDO III. This increase was offset by a $0.2 million loss related to the sale of a portion of our investments in AAA-rated, short term, floating rate securities.
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of minority interest
We sold our interest in 729 Seventh Avenue ("729"). Accordingly, the property's operations were reclassified to Income (loss) from discontinued operations. This property was accounted for under the equity method of accounting for the three months ended June 30, 2004, as part of net lease portfolio. We acquired the 2.5% managing interest in the net lease portfolio on October 29, 2004 and accordingly the operations of these properties have been consolidated into the condensed consolidated financial statements in 2005.
Gain on Sale from discontinued operations, net of minority interest
We sold our interest in 729 for $29 million, recognizing a gain on sale, net of minority interest of $8.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2005.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of June 30, 2005, we had an unrestricted cash and cash equivalents balance of $36.9 million. As a REIT, we are required to distribute at least 90% of our annual REIT taxable income to our stockholders, and we intend to distribute all or substantially all of our REIT taxable income in order to comply with the REIT distribution requirements of the Internal Revenue Code and to avoid
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federal income tax and the nondeductible excise tax. We believe that our unrestricted cash balances together with the available borrowing capacity under both the DBAG Facility and Wachovia credit facility described below, the net proceeds realized from the private placement of $65 million of trust preferred securities, completed in April and May 2005, cash flow provided from our operations, will be sufficient to allow us to fund the equity portion of our new investments, make distributions necessary to enable us to continue to qualify as a REIT and fund our operations for at least the next 12 months. In order to fund investments that we may make in the next 12 months, we may borrow additional funds under our current credit facilities, issue debt securities or by raising equity capital.
We expect to meet our long term liquidity requirements, including the repayment of debt and our investment funding needs, through existing cash resources and additional borrowings, the issuance of debt and/or equity securities and the liquidation or refinancing of assets at maturity. We believe that the value of the net lease portfolio is, and will continue to be, sufficient to allow us to refinance the mortgage debt on this portfolio at maturity.
Debt Obligations
As of June 30, 2005, we had the following debt outstanding:
Carrying
Amount at
6/30/05 (in thousands) |
Stated
Maturity |
Interest
Rate |
Weighted
Average Expected Life (in years) |
|||||||||||||||
Mortgage notes payable (ALGM) (non-recourse) | $ | 14,673 | 1/1/2006 |
The
greater of
LIBOR or 2% + 3.60% |
1.0 | |||||||||||||
Mortgage notes payable (Chatsworth) (non-recourse) | 43,904 | 5/1/2015 | 5.65% | 11.0 | ||||||||||||||
Mezzanine loan payable (Chatsworth) (non-recourse) | 13,000 | 5/1/2014 | 6.64% | 10.0 | ||||||||||||||
Repurchase obligations | 218,912 |
See
Repurchase Obligations below |
LIBOR
+ 0.6%
to 1.25% |
Various,
generally 30 days |
||||||||||||||
CDO Bonds Payable | 300,000 | 7/1/2040 |
LIBOR +
0.62%
(Average Spread) |
— | ||||||||||||||
Liability to subsidiary trusts issuing preferred securities Trust I | 41,240 | 3/30/2035 | 8.15% | — | ||||||||||||||
Trust II | 25,780 | 6/30/2035 | 7.74% | — | ||||||||||||||
WA Temporary Repurchase Agreement | 21,884 | 7/13/2005 | LIBOR + 2.25% | 30 days | ||||||||||||||
DBAG facility | — | 12/21/2007 |
LIBOR +
0.75%
to 2.25% |
3.0 | ||||||||||||||
$ | 679,393 | |||||||||||||||||
ALGM Mortgage Loan. The ALGM mortgage loan bears interest at the higher of one-month LIBOR or 2%, plus a spread of 3.60%, or an aggregate of 6.725% at June 30, 2005. The loan originally matured on January 1, 2005 and was extended until January 1, 2006. This non-recourse loan may be extended at ALGM's option for two additional one-year extension periods, subject to ALGM satisfying certain conditions provided for under the loan, including payment of a fee equal to 0.75% of the loan balance as a condition to exercising the second and third extension options. The ALGM mortgage loan agreement includes the following financial covenants and restrictions: (a) ALGM must maintain a debt service coverage ratio in excess of 1.15 to 1, computed using an annual interest rate of 10.09%, and (b) ALGM must establish and maintain certain escrow reserve accounts for, among other things, payment of real estate taxes, capital expenditures and tenant rollover costs. ALGM is
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uncombined in our predecessor's financial statements as of June 30, 2004 and is consolidated in our financial statements at June 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004.
Chatsworth Mortgage Loan. The Chatsworth Mortgage matures on May 1, 2015 and bears interest at a fixed rate of 5.65%. This non-recourse loan requires monthly payments of $230,906 representing interest in arrears and principal sufficient to amortize the loan to a balance of approximately $40.5 million at maturity, as well as monthly escrow deposits for ground lease payments required under the ground lease for the leasehold property.
Chatsworth Mezzanine Loan. This non-recourse loan bears interest at a fixed rate of 6.64%, and requires monthly payments of interest only of $71,955 for the period February 1, 2005, through February 1, 2006, and principal and interest payments of $170,914, thereafter, which will fully amortize the loan by the maturity date of May 1, 2014.
Repurchase Obligations. Our temporary investments, which are primarily AAA-rated, short term, floating rate securities, backed by commercial or residential mortgage loans, were financed with repurchase agreements with Citigroup and Greenwich Capital Markets, Inc. We initially borrowed approximately $1.25 billion under repurchase agreements, of which $207.3 million was outstanding at June 30, 2005, approximately $172.2 million with Citigroup and $35.1 million with Greenwich. These repurchase obligations mature every 30 days.
The balance represents a repurchase agreement with Citigroup which was used to finance the acquisition of the "BB" rated junior classes of debt securities of CDO II. The debt matures on July 21, 2006 and bears interest at LIBOR plus 1.25% per annum.
DBAG Facility and CDO Bonds payable. On December 21, 2004, NRFC DB Holdings, LLC, one of our subsidiaries, entered into a $150 million master repurchase agreement with Deutsche Bank AG, Cayman Islands Branch, which we refer to as the DBAG facility. On March 21, 2005, the DBAG facility was amended and restated to allow NRFC DB Holdings to borrow up to $300 million in order to finance the acquisition of primarily subordinate real estate debt and other real estate loans and securities. The additional capacity and flexibility under the amendment of the DBAG facility allowed us to accumulate sufficient collateral for CDO IV, and to continue to finance other investments.
On June 14, 2005, we closed CDO IV and issued $300 million face amount of the CDO Bonds which were sold in a private placement to third parties. The proceeds of the CDO IV issuance were used to repay the entire outstanding principal balance of the DBAG Facility of $233.6 million at closing. The availability under the DBAG facility was reduced to $150 million subsequent to the closing of CDO IV.
The DBAG facility has an initial three-year term, which may be extended for one additional year if NRFC DB Holdings is not in default and pays an extension fee of 0.25% of the aggregate outstanding amount under the facility. If NRFC DB Holdings extends the term of the facility, it will be required to retire 25% of the aggregate outstanding amount each quarter during the remaining year of the term.
Under the terms of the DBAG facility, NRFC DB Holdings is able to finance the acquisition of mortgage loans secured by first liens on commercial or multifamily properties, junior participation interests in mortgage loans secured by first or second liens on commercial or multifamily properties, mezzanine loans secured by a pledge of the entire ownership interest in a commercial or multifamily property, B or higher rated commercial mortgage backed securities and BB or higher rated real estate CDOs, debt securities issued by a REIT and syndicated bank loans.
During the period from March 21, 2005 through June 14, 2005, amounts advanced under the DBAG facility in order to finance the acquisition of assets that were included in CDO IV bore interest at one-month LIBOR plus a spread of 1.00% and amounts advanced for all other assets bore interest at one-month LIBOR plus a spread which ranges from 0.75% to 2.25%. After June 14, 2005, all amounts advanced under the amended DBAG facility will bear interest at a rate of one-month LIBOR plus the spread which ranges from 0.75% to 2.25%. Assets will be financed at advance rates ranging from 40% to 92.5% of the value of the assets as applicable to the asset category.
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Effective April 1, 2005, the covenants under the DBAG facility require us to remain at a certain minimum tangible net worth, a certain minimum debt service coverage ratio, a certain range of ratios of recourse indebtedness to net worth and certain minimum amounts of cash or marketable securities based on our ratio of recourse indebtedness to net worth.
The debt that may be outstanding under the DBAG facility is subject to a number of terms, conditions and restrictions including, without limitation, the maintenance of certain margin percentages on amounts outstanding under the facility. If the market value of an asset securing the outstanding debt declines, cash flow due NRFC DB Holdings may be suspended and if market value continues to decline, NRFC DB Holdings may be required to satisfy a margin call by paying cash or providing additional collateral. Failure to meet any margin call could result in an event of default which would enable Deutsche Bank AG to exercise various rights and remedies including acceleration of the maturity date of the debt outstanding under the DBAG facility or the sale of the assets financed thereunder.
As of June 30, 2005, NRFC DB Holdings had no borrowings under this facility.
Wachovia Temporary Repurchase Agreement
On June 21, 2005, we entered into a temporary repurchase agreement with Wachovia Bank, National Association, to temporarily finance the acquisition of loan participation interests until the Wachovia Master Repurchase agreement was closed. We borrowed approximately $21.9 million under the temporary repurchase agreement. The advance bears interest at LIBOR plus 2.25%. The temporary repurchase agreement matured at the closing of the Wachovia credit facility, described below, on July 13, 2005 and the principal balance outstanding was rolled into that facility.
Liability to subsidiary trusts issuing preferred securities
On April 12, 2005 and May 25, 2005, NorthStar Realty Finance Trust and NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II, (the "Trusts") sold, in two private placements, trust preferred securities for an aggregate amount of $40 million and $25 million, respectively. We own all of the common stock of the Trusts. The Trusts used the proceeds to purchase the Company's junior subordinated notes due March 30, 2035 and June 30, 2035, respectively, which represent all of the Trusts' assets. The terms of the junior subordinated notes are substantially the same as the terms of the trust preferred securities. The trust preferred securities have a fixed interest rate of 8.15% and 7.74% per annum, respectively, during the first ten years, after which the interest rate will float and reset quarterly at the three-month LIBOR rate plus 3.25% per annum.
We may redeem the notes, in whole or in part, for cash, at par, after March 30, 2010 and June 30, 2010, respectively. To the extent we redeem the notes, the Trusts are required to redeem a corresponding amount of trust preferred securities.
The ability of the Trusts to pay dividends depends on the receipt of interest payments on the notes. We have the right, pursuant to certain qualifications and covenants, to defer payments of interest on the notes for up to six consecutive quarters. If payment of interest on the notes is deferred, the Trust will defer the quarterly distributions on the trust preferred securities for a corresponding period. Additional interest accrues on deferred payments at the annual rate payable on the notes, compounded quarterly.
The indenture for NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II, has certain covenants that are substantially similar to those under the DBAG Facility, and certain restrictions on issuing additional trust preferred securities. At June 30, 2005, we were in compliance with all covenants under Trust II.
Capital Expenditures
During 2005, we expect to incur approximately $150,000 in connection with new tenant leasing costs and capital expenditures with respect to the net lease portfolio owned by ALGM. We anticipate the sources of funds for these expenditures to be from our working capital and lender reserves.
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Other Investment Activity
Warehouse Agreement CDO V
On May 4, 2005, we entered into a warehouse arrangement with a major commercial bank whereby the bank has agreed to purchase up to $400 million of CMBS and other real estate debt securities under our direction, with the expectation of selling such securities to our fourth investment grade CDO issuer ("CDO V"). We were required to pledge up to $10 million as security for the purpose of covering a portion of any losses or costs associated with the accumulation of these securities under the warehouse agreement. As of June 30, 2005, we have deposited $12.5 million and will be required to deposit additional equity based on accumulations of securities that will be made under the warehouse agreement. The bank has accumulated approximately $238.0 million of real estate securities under the terms of the warehouse agreement as of June 30, 2005. From June 30, 2005 through August 9, 2005, we have acquired approximately $104.0 million in additional real estate securities. The CDO V warehouse agreement also provides for our notional participation in the income that the assets generate after deducting a notional debt cost. The agreement is being treated as a non-hedge derivative for accounting purposes and is marked-to-market through income. We recorded an unrealized gain of $0.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 related to the change in fair value of the warehouse agreement. The collateral being accumulated under this agreement is expected to be included in a securitization transaction in which we would acquire all of the equity interests.
Cash Flows
The net cash flow provided by operating activities of $610.1 million, increased for the six months ended June 30, 2005 from $1.0 million of cash provided by operations for the six months ended June 30, 2004 which was primarily due to sales of short term highly liquid investments included in operating activities, where the corresponding repayment of short term repurchase financing is included in financing activities. Adjusting for the effect of these sales, cash provided from operating activities would have decreased by $4.8 million to cash used in operating activities from 2004 to 2005.
The net cash flow used in investing activities increased by $425.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2005 from $1.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2004. Net cash used in investing activities in 2005 consisted primarily of the purchase of operating real estate, funds used to purchase our interest in the unrated income notes and the "BB" rated notes of CDO III, as well as purchases of subordinate real estate debt investments.
The net cash flow used in financing activities increased by $194.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2005 to $194.5 million from $0.1 million of cash flow provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2004. The primary use of cash flow in financing activities in 2005 was for the repayment of our repurchase agreements which financed our short term, highly liquid investments, the repayment of the DBAG facility in connection with the closing of CDO IV, the repayment of $25.1 million of the existing mortgage on the ALGM portfolio in connection with the sale of 729 and payment of dividends and distributions to our unit holders of $4.0 million. This was offset by proceeds from the issuance of CDO IV bonds, issuance of Trust I and Trust II preferred securities and our mortgage borrowings.
Recent Developments
New Facility – Wachovia
On July 13, 2005, NRFC WA Holdings, LLC or NRFC WA, our subsidiary, entered into a master repurchase agreement with Wachovia Bank, National Association or Wachovia Bank. NRFC WA may borrow up to $150 million (the "WA Facility") (which maximum borrowing amount may be increased to $300 million in Wachovia Bank's sole discretion) under this credit facility in order to finance the acquisition of first priority mortgage loans, senior or junior participation interests or B notes in first
39
priority mortgage loans, mezzanine loans secured by commercial and multi-family properties and commercial properties in which the property is 100% leased under a credit tenant lease to, or guaranteed in full by, a credit tenant and B- or higher rated CMBS.
Advance rates under the WA Facility range from 55% to 95% of the value of the assets for which the advance is made. Amounts borrowed under the facility bear interest at one-month LIBOR plus a spread which ranges from 0.20% to 3.00%, depending on the type of asset for which the amount is borrowed. The facility has an initial term of three years and an initial maturity date of July 12, 2008. In addition, NRFC WA must pay an unused facility fee equal to 0.25% of the unused portion of the facility, commencing 120 days after July 13, 2005, payable quarterly in arrears. We have agreed to guaranty amounts borrowed by NRFC WA under the facility up to a maximum of $20 million.
NRFC WA may extend the term of the WA Facility for one year if it is not in default and pays an extension fee of 0.25% of the aggregate amount then outstanding under the facility. If NRFC WA extends the facility's term, it will be required to retire 25% of the aggregate amount then outstanding under the facility during each quarter of the remaining year of the term.
NRFC WA paid Wachovia Bank a $750,000 structuring fee in connection with the execution of this facility.
The debt outstanding under the facility is subject to a number of terms, conditions and restrictions including, without limitation, scheduled interest payments, the maintenance of certain margin percentages on amounts outstanding under the facility. If the market value of an asset securing outstanding debt declines, NRFC WA may be required to satisfy a margin call by paying cash or providing additional collateral. Failure to meet any margin call could result in an event of default which would enable Wachovia Bank to exercise various rights and remedies including acceleration of the maturity date of the debt outstanding under the facility and the sale of the collateral.
As of July 15, 2005, NRFC WA has not borrowed any amounts under this facility.
Subordinate Real Estate Debt Investments
The following investments were acquired subsequent to June 30, 2005:
Date
of
Acquisition |
Loan
Name/Collateral |
Loan Type |
Principal
Amount (in thousands) |
Initial
Maturity |
Interest
Rate
Index and Spread |
|||||||||||||||||
7/01/05 | Office Building |
Junior
Participation |
$ | 4,250 | 1/2007 |
LIBOR
+
2.50% |
||||||||||||||||
7/01/05 | Office Building |
Mezzanine
Loan |
5,000 | 1/2007 |
LIBOR
+
5.00% |
|||||||||||||||||
7/15/05 | Office Building |
Junior
Participation |
10,000 | 7/2007 |
LIBOR
+
7.00% |
|||||||||||||||||
8/1/05 | Multifamily |
Junior
Participation |
35,000 | 8/2007 |
LIBOR
+
5.25% |
|||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 54,250 | ||||||||||||||||||||
These investments were acquired as part of the ramp-up of CDO IV.
Salt Lake City Property
On August 2, 2005, we closed a $22.0 million acquisition of a 117,553 square foot office building in Salt Lake City, Utah, which is 100% leased to the General Services Administration under a lease that expires in April 2012. The property is financed with a 5.16% fixed rate, seven year non-recourse first mortgage loan of $17 million.
Dividends
On July 28, 2005, we declared a cash dividend of $0.15 per share of common stock. The dividend is expected to be paid on August 15, 2005 to the shareholders of record as of the close of business on August 8, 2005.
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Related Party Transactions
Advisory Fee — NorthStar Funding LLC
In 2001, our predecessor entered into an advisory agreement with the NSF Venture, pursuant to which it receives as compensation for its management of investments of the NSF Venture an advisory fee equal to 1% per annum of the capital invested by the NSF Venture. Additionally, NorthStar Funding Managing Member LLC is entitled to an incentive profit participation equal to 10% of the profit after a minimum required return on the NSF Venture's capital and a return of and on capital based upon the operating performance of the NSF Venture's investments. Prior to the contribution of the initial investments to our operating partnership and the related IPO transactions, NorthStar Funding Managing Member LLC received 75% of this incentive profit participation equal to 10% of the profit after a minimum required return on NSF Venture's capital and a return of and on capital based on the operating performance of the NSF Venture's investments. We earned and recognized advisory fees from the NSF Venture of approximately $109,000 and $300,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005. Our predecessor earned and recognized advisory fees from the NSF Venture of approximately $240,000 and $493,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2004. We have received combined profit participation distributions of $925,000 during the six months ended June 30, 2005. Because such distributions may have to be refunded, no profit participation distributions were recognized as income pursuant to Method 1 of Emerging Issues Task Force Topic D-96.
Advisory and Management Fee Income
In August 2003, July 2004, March 2005 and June 2005, CDO I, CDO II, and CDO III, respectively, entered into agreements with NS Advisors, to perform certain advisory services. We earned total fees of approximately $1,019,000 and $1,770,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005. Our predecessor earned total fees of approximately $344,000 and $689,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2004. The unpaid advisory fees of $570,000 and $82,000 are included in due from affiliates in our condensed consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004. We also earned a structuring fee of $500,000 in connection with the closing of CDO III for the six months ended June 30, 2005, which was used to reduce our investment in debt securities available for sale.
ALGM
On December 28, 2004, we terminated the asset management agreement with Emmes Asset Management Co. LLC, an affiliate of NorthStar Capital, for a contractual termination payment of approximately $380,000, which is equal to two quarters of payments of the annual fee of $760,000. On that date, ALGM and Emmes entered into a new asset management agreement which is cancelable on 30 days notice by ALGM. The annual asset management fee under the new agreement is equal to 3.5% of gross collections from tenants of the properties not to exceed $350,000 or be less than $300,000 per year, subject to certain provisions. Total fees incurred under the asset management agreement were $61,000 and $118,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005.
Shared Facilities and Services Agreement
Upon consummation of our IPO, we entered into a one-year agreement with NorthStar Capital pursuant to which NorthStar Capital agreed to provide us, directly or through its subsidiaries, with the following facilities and services: 1) fully-furnished office space for our employees at NorthStar Capital's corporate headquarters; 2) use of common facilities and office equipment, supplies and storage space at NorthStar Capital's corporate headquarters; 3) accounting support and treasury functions; 4) tax planning and REIT compliance advisory services; and 5) other administrative services. For the initial one year term of the agreement, NorthStar Capital agreed to provide these facilities and services to us for an annual fee of approximately $1.57 million, payable in monthly installments, plus additional charges for out-of-pocket expenses and taxes. This fee is subject to reduction by the amount that we pay certain full-time employees of NorthStar Capital who became our co-employees upon consummation of our IPO, including Mr. McCready, our general counsel and secretary.
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After the initial one-year term of the agreement, we may elect to discontinue receiving any of the facilities or services set forth above upon 90 days written notice by us to NorthStar Capital. NorthStar Capital may discontinue providing a particular service to us upon 90 days written notice to us stating that NorthStar Capital intends to discontinue permanently the provision of that service to its own internal organizations. NorthStar Capital may also discontinue providing office facilities to us upon 180 days written notice to us. In any of these cases, a reduction corresponding to the portion of the fee discussed above that relates to the discontinued facility or service will be made.
The agreement is renewable for additional one-year periods upon the mutual agreement of NorthStar Capital and us, together with a vote of the majority of our independent directors.
Total fees and expenses incurred by us under the shared facilities and services agreement amounted to $0.3 million and $0.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005.
Contractual Commitments
As of June 30, 2005, we had the following contractual commitments and commercial obligations (in thousands):
Payments Due by Period | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual Obligations | Total | Less than 1 year | 1-3 years | 3-5 years | After 5 years | |||||||||||||||||
Mortgage loan – ALGM | $ | 14,673 | $ | 14,673 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||||||
Mortgage loan – Chatsworth | 43,904 | 127 | 558 | 619 | 42,600 | |||||||||||||||||
Mezzanine loan payable – Chatsworth | 13,000 | — | 2,309 | 2,859 | 7,832 | |||||||||||||||||
Repurchase agreements | 218,912 | 218,912 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
Securities sold, not yet purchased | 13,081 | 13,081 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
CDO bonds payable | 300,000 | — | — | — | 300,000 | |||||||||||||||||
Liability to subsidiary trusts issuing preferred securities | 67,020 | — | — | — | 67,020 | |||||||||||||||||
WA Temporary Repurchase Agreement | 21,884 | 21,884 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
Capital leases (1) | 17,954 | 176 | 712 | 934 | 16,132 | |||||||||||||||||
Operating leases | 13,845 | 414 | 1,104 | 944 | 11,383 | |||||||||||||||||
Total contractual obligations | $ | 724,273 | $ | 269,267 | $ | 4,683 | $ | 5,356 | $ | 444,967 | ||||||||||||
(1) | Includes interest on the capital leases |
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of June 30, 2005, we had the material off balance sheet arrangements described below.
We have provided an indemnity to NorthStar Partnership for any liability it may have under its limited guaranties to the lender under ALGM's mortgage loan. At June 30, 2005, NorthStar Partnership had a maximum exposure of $14.7 million under its guaranty to Greenwich Capital for such triggering events as fraud, misapplication of funds and failure to pay taxes. NorthStar Partnership also provided Greenwich Capital with a limited repayment guaranty that may be triggered by the termination of a lease related to one of the properties in the New York property portfolio. The maximum exposure for such lease termination was equal to $2.5 million at June 30, 2005.
Our potential losses in CDO I, CDO II and CDO III are limited to our aggregate carrying value which was approximately $74.4 million at June 30, 2005.
The terms of the portfolio of real estate securities held by CDO I, CDO II and CDO III are matched with the terms of the non-recourse CDO liabilities. These CDO liabilities are repaid with the proceeds of the principal payments on the real estate securities collateralizing the CDO liabilities
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when these payments are actually received. There is no refinancing risk associated with the CDO liabilities, as principal is only due to the extent that it has been collected on the underlying real securities and the stated maturities are noted above. CDOs produce a relatively predictable income stream based on the spread between the interest earned on the underlying securities and the interest paid on the CDO liabilities. This spread may be reduced by credit losses on the underlying securities or by hedging mismatches. CDO I, CDO II and CDO III have not incurred any losses on any of their securities investments from the date of purchase through June 30, 2005. We receive quarterly cash distributions from CDO I and monthly cash distributions from CDO II and CDO III, each representing our proportionate share of the residual cash flow from the CDOs, as well as collateral advisory fees and interest income on the unrated income notes of CDO II and CDO III. Our residual interests in the cash flows of CDO I, CDO II and CDO III are accounted for as debt securities pursuant to Emerging Issues Task Force Topic 99-20.
The following table describes certain terms of the collateral for and the notes issued by CDO I, CDO II and CDO III as of June 30, 2005:
CDO Collateral | CDO Notes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Par Value
of
CDO Collateral (in thousands) |
Weighted
Average Interest Rate |
Weighted
Average Expected Life (years) |
Outstanding
CDO Notes (in thousands) (1) |
Weighted
Average Interest Rate |
Stated
Maturity |
|||||||||||||||||||||
CDO I | $ | 356,010 | 6.57 | % | 6.70 | $ | 336,800 | 6.03 | % | 8/1/2038 | ||||||||||||||||
CDO II | $ | 397,825 | 6.11 | % | 7.47 | $ | 360,930 | 5.37 | % | 6/1/2039 | ||||||||||||||||
CDO III | $ | 400,856 | 6.12 | % | 7.00 | $ | 361,000 | 3.37 | % | 6/1/2040 | ||||||||||||||||
(1) | Includes only notes held by third parties. |
CDO I, CDO II and CDO III are variable interest entities. However, management has determined that we are not, and our predecessor was not, the primary beneficiary of CDO I, CDO II or CDO III and as such, in accordance with FIN 46R, we did not consolidate CDO I, CDO II or CDO III. The FASB has continued to discuss potential refinements to FIN 46R associated with, among other things, the types of interests which create variability and which type of interests absorb income and loss variability, and how such income and loss variability should be measured. In the event that the FASB modifies its interpretation of FIN 46R as it applies to the consolidation of variable interest entities, we would reevaluate our determination of the primary beneficiary. Depending on the modifications which are made, it is possible that the Company may be required to consolidate our interests in our CDOs in the future.
At this time, we do not anticipate a substantial risk of incurring a loss with respect to any of the arrangements described above.
Inflation
Our leases for tenants of ALGM are either:
• | net leases where the tenants are responsible for all real estate taxes, insurance and operating expenses and the leases provide for increases in rent either based on changes in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) or pre-negotiated increases; or |
• | operating leases which provide for separate escalations of real estate taxes and operating expenses over a base amount, and/or increases in the base rent based on changes in the CPI. |
We believe that inflationary increases in expenses will generally be offset by the expense reimbursements and contractual rent increases described above to the extent of occupancy.
We believe that the risk associated with an increase in market interest rates on the floating rate debt used to finance our investments in CDO I, CDO II, CDO III, ALGM, and our direct investments in subordinate real estate debt, is largely offset by our strategy of matching the terms of our assets with the terms of our liabilities and through our use of hedging instruments.
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Funds from Operations and Adjusted Funds from Operations
Management believes that funds from operations, or FFO, and adjusted funds from operations, or AFFO, each of which are non-GAAP measures, are additional appropriate measures of the operating performance of a REIT. We compute FFO in accordance with the standards established by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, or NAREIT, as net income or loss (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding gains or losses from sales of depreciable properties, the cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles, real estate-related depreciation and amortization, and after adjustments for unconsolidated/uncombined partnerships and joint ventures. We calculate AFFO by subtracting from (or adding) to FFO:
• | normalized recurring expenditures that are capitalized by us and then amortized, but which are necessary to maintain our properties and revenue stream, e.g., leasing commissions and tenant improvement allowances; |
• | an adjustment to reverse the effects of straight-lining of rents; and |
• | the amortization or accrual of various deferred costs including intangible assets and equity based compensation. |
Our calculation of AFFO differs from the methodology for calculating AFFO utilized by certain other REITs and, accordingly, may not be comparable to such other REITs.
We believe that FFO and AFFO are additional appropriate measures of our operating performance because they facilitate an understanding of our operating performance after adjustment for certain non-cash expenses, such as real estate depreciation, which assumes that the value of real estate assets diminishes predictably over time. Since FFO is generally recognized as industry standards for measuring the operating performance of an equity REIT, we also believe that FFO provides investors with an additional useful measure to compare our financial performance to other REITs.
Neither FFO nor AFFO is equivalent to net income or cash generated from operating activities determined in accordance with GAAP. Furthermore, FFO and AFFO do not represent amounts available for management's discretionary use because of needed capital replacement or expansion, debt service obligations or other commitments or uncertainties. Neither FFO nor AFFO should be considered as an alternative to net income as an indicator of our operating performance or as an alternative to cash flow from operating activities as a measure of our liquidity.
Set forth below is a reconciliation of our calculations of FFO and AFFO to net income before minority interests for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005:
Three Months | Six Months | |||||||||
Ended June 30, 2005 | ||||||||||
Funds from Operations: | ||||||||||
Income before minority interests | $ | 1,453,000 | $ | 2,895,000 | ||||||
Adjustments: | ||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 1,046,000 | 1,984,000 | ||||||||
Real estate depreciation and amortization — unconsolidated ventures | — | — | ||||||||
Funds from Operations | $ | 2,499,000 | $ | 4,879,000 | ||||||
Adjusted Funds from Operations: | ||||||||||
Funds from Operations | $ | 2,499,000 | $ | 4,879,000 | ||||||
Straightline rental income, net | (113,000 | ) | (212,000 | ) | ||||||
Amortization of deferred compensation | 959,000 | 1,759,000 | ||||||||
Adjusted Funds from Operations | $ | 3,345,000 | $ | 6,426,000 | ||||||
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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Market risk is the exposure to loss resulting from changes in interest rates and equity prices. We are subject to credit risk and interest rate risk with respect to our investments in subordinate real estate debt and real estate securities. The primary market risk that we are exposed to is interest rate risk. Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political considerations and other factors beyond our control. Our interest rate risk sensitive assets, liabilities and related derivative positions are generally held for non-trading purposes. A hypothetical 100 basis point increase in interest rates applied to our variable rate assets would increase our annual interest income by approximately $4,325,000, offset by an increase in our interest expense of approximately $3,481,000 on our variable rate liabilities.
Subordinate Real Estate Debt
We invest in subordinate real estate debt instruments secured by commercial and multifamily properties, including first lien mortgage loans, junior participations in first lien mortgage loans, second lien mortgage loans, mezzanine loans, and preferred equity interests in borrowers who own such properties. We generally hold these instruments for investment rather than trading purposes. These investments are either floating or fixed rate. The interest rates on our floating rate investments typically float at a fixed spread over an index such as LIBOR. These instruments typically reprice every 30 days based upon LIBOR in effect at that time. Given the frequent and periodic repricing of our floating rate investments, changes in interest rates are unlikely to affect the value of our floating rate portfolio. Changes in short term rates will, however, affect earnings from our investments. Increases in LIBOR will increase the interest income received by us on our investments and therefore will increase our earnings. Decreases in LIBOR have the opposite effect.
We also invest in fixed rate investments. The value of these investments may be affected by changes in long term interest rates. To the extent that long term interest rates increase, the value of long term fixed rate assets is diminished. Any fixed rate subordinate debt investments which we hold would be similarly impacted. We do not generally seek to hedge this type of risk unless the asset is leveraged as the costs of such a hedging transaction over the term of such an investment would generally outweigh the benefits. If fixed rate subordinate debt is funded with floating rate liabilities, the funding cost will be fixed through the use of interest rate swaps, caps or other hedges. Because the interest rates on our fixed rate investments are generally fixed through maturity of the investment, changes in interest rates do not affect the income we earn from our fixed rate investments.
In our subordinate real estate debt business we are also exposed to credit risk, which is the risk that a borrower under our loan agreements cannot repay its obligations to us in a timely manner. While we have never experienced a payment default or even a late payment to date, our subordinate position in the capital structure may expose us to losses as a result of such default in the future. In the event that the borrower cannot repay our loan, we may exercise our remedies under the loan documents which may include a foreclosure against the collateral if we have a foreclosure right as a subordinate real estate debtholder under the loan agreement. The subordinate real estate debt that we intend to invest in will generally allow us to demand foreclosure as a subordinate real estate debtholder if our loan is in default. To the extent the value of our collateral exceeds the amount of our loan (including all debt senior to us) and the expenses we incur in collecting on our loan, we would collect 100% of our loan amount. To the extent that the amount of our loan plus all debt senior to our position exceeds the realizable value of our collateral, then we would incur a loss. We also incur credit risk in our periodically scheduled interest payments which may be interrupted as a result of the operating performance of the underlying collateral.
We seek to manage credit risk through a thorough financial analysis of a transaction before we make such an investment. Our analysis is based upon a broad range of real estate, financial, economic and borrower-related factors which we believe are critical to evaluating the credit risk inherent in a transaction.
We expect our investments to be denominated in U.S. dollars or, if they are denominated in another currency, to be converted back to U.S. dollars through the use of currency swaps. It may not
45
be possible to eliminate all of the currency risk as the payment characteristics of the currency swap may not exactly match the payment characteristics of the investments.
Real Estate Securities
In our real estate securities business, we mitigate credit risk through credit analysis, subordination and diversification. The commercial mortgage-backed securities we invest in are generally junior in right of payment of interest and principal to one or more senior classes, but benefit from the support of one or more subordinate classes of securities or other form of credit support within a securitization transaction. The senior unsecured REIT debt securities we invest in reflect comparable credit risk. Credit risk refers to each individual borrower's ability to make required interest and principal payments on the scheduled due dates. We believe that these securities offer attractive risk-adjusted returns with reasonable long term principal protection under a variety of default and loss scenarios. While the expected yield on these securities is sensitive to the performance of the underlying assets, the more subordinated securities and certain other features of a securitization, in the case of mortgage backed securities, and the issuer's underlying equity and subordinated debt, in the case of REIT securities, are designed to bear the first risk of default and loss. The real estate securities portfolios of our CDOs are diversified by asset type, industry, location and issuer. We further minimize credit risk by actively monitoring CDO I's, CDO II's and CDO III's real estate securities portfolios and the underlying credit quality of their holdings and, where appropriate, liquidating our investments to mitigate the risk of loss.
On June 30, 2005, the real estate securities that serve as collateral for CDO I, CDO II and CDO III each had an overall weighted average credit rating of approximately BBB – and approximately 73.13%, 74.44% and 71.3%, respectively, of these securities are investment grade.
The real estate securities underlying CDO I, CDO II and CDO III are also subject to spread risk. The majority of these securities are fixed rate securities, which are valued based on a market credit spread over the rate payable on fixed rate U.S. Treasuries of like maturity. In other words, their value is dependent on the yield demanded on such securities by the market, as based on their credit relative to U.S. Treasuries. An excessive supply of these securities combined with reduced demand will generally cause the market to require a higher yield on these securities, resulting in the use of a higher or "wider" spread over the benchmark rate (usually the applicable U.S. Treasury security yield) to value these securities. Under these conditions, the value of our real estate securities portfolio would tend to decrease. Conversely, if the spread used to value these securities were to decrease or "tighten," the value of our real estate securities would tend to increase. Such changes in the market value of our real estate securities portfolio may affect our net equity or cash flow either directly through their impact on unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale securities by diminishing our ability to realize gains on such securities, or indirectly through their impact on our ability to borrow and access capital.
Returns on our real estate securities are sensitive to interest rate volatility. If interest rates increase, the funding cost on liabilities that finance the securities portfolio will increase if these liabilities are at a floating rate or have maturities shorter than the assets.
Our general financing strategy focuses on the use of "match-funded" structures. This means that we seek to align the maturities of our debt obligations with the maturities of our investments in order to minimize the risk of being forced to refinance our liabilities prior to the maturities of our assets, as well as to reduce the impact of fluctuating interest rates on earnings. In addition, we generally match interest rates on our assets with like-kind debt, so that fixed rate assets are financed with fixed rate debt and floating rate assets are financed with floating rate debt, directly or through the use of interest rate swaps, caps or other financial instruments or through a combination of these strategies. CDO I, CDO II and CDO III utilize interest rate swaps to minimize the mismatch between its fixed rate assets and floating rate liabilities. We expect to hedge the interest rate risk in future CDOs in a similar manner.
Our financing strategy is dependent on our ability to place the match-funded debt we use to finance our real estate securities at spreads that provide a positive arbitrage. If spreads on the bonds
46
issued by CDOs widen or if demand for these liabilities ceases to exist, then our ability to execute future CDO financings will be severely restricted.
Interest rate changes may also impact our net book value as our investments in debt securities are marked-to-market each quarter with changes in fair value reflected in other comprehensive income (a separate component of owners' equity). Generally, as interest rates increase, the value of fixed rate securities within the CDO, such as CMBS, decreases and as interest rates decrease, the value of these securities will increase. These swings in value have a corresponding impact on the value of our investment in the CDO. Within the CDO, we seek to hedge against changes in cash flows attributable to changes in interest rates by entering into interest rate swaps/caps and other derivative instruments as allowed by our predecessor's risk management policy. Such derivatives are designated as cash flow hedge relationships according to SFAS No. 133.
During the warehouse period for CDOs, the market value of the securities in the warehouse is hedged, typically by short selling U.S. agency-sponsored (Federal National Mortgage Association or Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp.) debentures or U.S. Treasury securities in the warehouse. Movements in interest rates are expected to result in a price movement for the hedge position that is opposite to and offsets the price movement of the fixed rate securities in the warehouse.
Debt Securities Held for Trading
Subsequent to the closing of our IPO, we temporarily invested a portion of the net proceeds of our IPO in primarily AAA-rated, short term, floating rate commercial and residential mortgage-backed securities which are subject to fluctuations in market value. These securities are financed with leverage of up to 97% which may magnify this price volatility. If the market value of these securities were to decline, we would need to post additional collateral or liquidate a portion of these securities, possibly at a loss. The short term securities that we have temporarily invested in have been selected to mitigate this risk to the extent possible. Their floating rate coupon, short duration, and high credit ratings all serve to maximize liquidity and to minimize the price volatility of these securities. Nevertheless, even a small decline in the price of these securities may be magnified by the leverage and result in a loss to us when the assets are liquidated. Unrealized losses may also occur even if the assets are not liquidated because these securities are held for trading purposes.
Net Lease Properties
Our ability to manage the interest rate risk and credit risk associated with the assets we acquire is integral to the success of our net lease properties investment strategy. Although we may, in special situations, finance our purchase of net lease assets with floating rate debt, our general policy will be to mitigate our exposure to rising interest rates by financing our purchases with fixed rate mortgages. We will seek to match the term of fixed rate mortgages to our expected holding period for the underlying asset. Factors we will consider to assess the expected holding period will include, among others, the primary term of the lease as well as any extension options that may exist.
We expect the credit profiles of our tenants will primarily be unrated and below investment grade. In order to ensure that we have as complete an understanding as possible of a tenant's ability to satisfy its obligations under its lease, we expect to undertake a rigorous credit evaluation of each tenant prior to executing sale/leaseback or net lease asset acquisitions. This analysis will include an extensive due diligence investigation of the tenant's business as well as an assessment of the strategic importance of the underlying real estate to the tenant's core business operations. Where appropriate, we may seek to augment the tenant's commitment to the facility by structuring various protection mechanisms into the underlying leases. These mechanisms could include security deposit requirements or affiliate guarantees from entities we deem to be creditworthy.
47
Derivatives and Hedging Activities
To limit the exposure to the variable LIBOR rate on the DBAG facility, we entered into various swap agreements to fix the LIBOR rate on a portion of our variable rate debt. The fixed LIBOR rates ranges from 4.18% to 5.03%. The following table summarizes the notional amounts and fair (carrying) values of our derivative financial instruments as of June 30, 2005 (in thousands):
Notional Amount | Fair Value | Range of Maturity | ||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps, treated as hedges | $26,349 | ($663) | December 2010 - August 2018 | |||||||||||
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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. (the "Company") became subject to the periodic and other reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") on October 25, 2004, the effective date of the Company's registration statement relating to its IPO. On October 29, 2004, the Company received an initial portfolio of real estate-related investments (the Initial Investments") pursuant to certain contribution agreements with subsidiaries of NorthStar Capital Investment Corp. ("NCIC") and commenced operations. The financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are for the Company as of June 30, 2005 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2005 and for NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. Predecessor (the "Predecessor"), a combination of NCIC's controlling and non-controlling interests in entities representing the Initial Investments, as of December 31, 2004 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2004.
The Company formed a Disclosure Committee in November 2004 in order to assure that its disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the Company's periodic reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms. The Disclosure Committee is currently comprised of each of the Company's five executive officers and the Company's in-house corporate counsel. Meetings frequently include other employees with knowledge of information that may be considered material in the SEC reporting process. The Disclosure Committee has been given the responsibility of developing and assessing the financial and non-financial information to be included in the Company's SEC reports and assisting the Company's chief executive officer and chief financial officer in connection with their certifications contained in the Company's SEC reports. The Disclosure Committee meets and reports to the Audit Committee on at least a quarterly basis.
As disclosed in the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ending September 30, 2004 (the "Third Quarter 10-Q") filed on December 30, 2004, management identified certain deficiencies in the Predecessor's internal controls over financial reporting during the course of management's review in December 2004 of the financial statements of the Predecessor that were to be included in the Third Quarter Form 10-Q. Based upon further investigation, the Company discovered certain errors in the accounting for transactions entered into during June and the third quarter of 2004 in connection with the Predecessor's CDO II and in the reporting of allocated general and administrative expenses. These errors required the Company to adjust the Predecessor's financial statements for the six months ended June 30, 2004, as described in Note 2 to the financial statements included in the Third Quarter Form 10-Q, and to make certain adjustments to the Predecessor's financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004. As further disclosed in the Third Quarter Form 10-Q, the deficiencies identified by management in December 2004 included (1) the communication between business unit personnel and financial reporting personnel with respect to the accounting for certain transactions associated with the Predecessor's CDO investments and other Company activity, (2) the level of training of accounting and financial reporting personnel, and (3) the level of detailed, quality control review of the Predecessor's financial statements. Taken together, these deficiencies rose to the level of a material weakness in the Predecessor's internal controls over financial reporting for the three months ended September 30, 2004. As a result of the material weakness identified in the Predecessor's internal controls over financial reporting and the issues that arose during the course of the review in December 2004 of the Predecessor's financial statements for the third quarter of 2004, the Company's chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that the Predecessor's disclosure controls and procedures at September 30, 2004 were not effective to ensure that financial information related to such items was recorded, processed, summarized and reported accurately within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms.
Commencing in December 2004 and continuing into the third quarter of 2005, the Company has undertaken a number of initiatives to remedy the deficiencies identified by management in the Predecessor's internal controls over financial reporting so that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures will be effective for subsequent periods. In this regard, the Company (1) hired a chief accounting officer with significant GAAP and SEC financial reporting experience on January 20, 2005, (2) hired three additional accounting staff members (3) hired a manager of operations for its securities
49
trading and CDO related activities, (4) hired an in-house corporate counsel (5) implemented policies to enhance communication between business unit and financial reporting personnel in order to ensure comprehensive review by management level business unit personnel of the recording of Company transactions, (6) retained an outside accounting firm to review processes and procedures that the Company has adopted in connection with its financial reporting and to assist in the preparation and review of its financial reports, (7) adopted processes for documenting and verifying the accounting for CDO related transactions, and (8) implemented procedures requiring more detailed, timely and comprehensive reporting from third party service providers, including its CDO warehouse provider. In addition, the Company has improved its training of accounting and financial reporting personnel by formalizing in writing and distributing to personnel the accounting policies and treatment of transactions entered into by each business segment of the Company.
The Company believes that the initiatives described above, some of which have already been taken and others of which are in the process of being implemented, will, when fully implemented, substantially remedy the deficiencies noted above. However, as a result of the material weakness identified in the Predecessor's internal controls over financial reporting for the three months ended September 30, 2004, the issues that arose during the course of the review in December 2004 of the financial statements to be included in the Third Quarter Form 10-Q, and the timing of the implementation of the corrective actions described above, the Company's chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures at June 30, 2005 were not effective to ensure that financial information related to such items was recorded, processed, summarized and reported accurately within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms. However, based upon their knowledge, which includes a review of the financial statements included in this report, the Company's chief executive officer and chief financial officer believe that the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company and the Predecessor as of and for the periods presented in this report.
The Company has and will continue to evaluate the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting on an ongoing basis and will take corrective action and implement improvements as appropriate.
Except for the initiatives described above, there were no changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2005 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
729 7th Avenue Realty Corp. v. 729 Demi-Tasse LLC
In connection with the sale of 729 Seventh Avenue, 729 7th Realty Corp., an affiliate of the Riese Organization's National Restaurant Management Inc., agreed to discontinue the legal action that it had brought in New York State Supreme Court, New York County, against 729 Demi-Tasse LLC, the fee owner of 729 Seventh Avenue, settling our only material pending legal action.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
(a) None.
(b) As disclosed in our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ending September 30, 2004, we consummated an initial public offering of our common stock in October 2004 pursuant to a registration statement that was declared effective on October 25, 2004 (File No. 333-114675) and we estimated initial public offering expenses of approximately $7.3 million, resulting in estimated net offering proceeds to us, after deducting the underwriting discount and expenses, of $170.1 million. We have incurred initial public offering expenses of approximately $7.6 million, resulting in net offering proceeds of the initial public offering to us, after deducting the underwriting discount and expenses, of approximately $169.8 million. As of June 30, 2005, we have deployed all of the net offering proceeds of the initial public offering.
(c) None.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
The Company's Annual Meeting of shareholders was held on June 23, 2005 (the "Meeting"). At the close of business on the record date for the Meeting (which was May 16, 2005), there were 21,249,736 shares of common stock outstanding and entitled to vote at the Meeting. Holders of 20,686,725 shares of common stock (representing a like number of votes) were present at the Meeting, either in person or by proxy.
At the Meeting, the following individuals were elected to the Company's Board of Directors to hold office for a one-year term and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified, by the following vote:
Nominee | In Favor | Withheld | ||||||||
William V. Adamski | 20,679,725 | 7,000 | ||||||||
Preston Butcher | 20,675,225 | 11,500 | ||||||||
David T. Hamamoto | 20,679,725 | 7,000 | ||||||||
Judith A. Hannaway | 20,623,725 | 63,000 | ||||||||
Wesley D. Minami | 20,679,725 | 7,000 | ||||||||
W. Edward Scheetz | 19,893,525 | 793,200 | ||||||||
Frank V. Sica | 20,599,025 | 87,700 | ||||||||
At the Meeting, the Company's shareholders also ratified the appointment of Grant Thornton LLP as the Company's independent auditors for fiscal year 2005, by the following vote:
In Favor | Against | Abstained | ||||||||
20,084,925 | 601,800 | 0 | ||||||||
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
(a) None.
(b) None.
51
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
(a) | Exhibits |
Exhibit
No. |
Description |
2.1 | Contribution Agreement, dated as of October 29, 2004, by and among NS Advisors Holdings LLC, Presidio Capital Investment Company, LLC and NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership* |
2.2 | Contribution Agreement, dated as of October 29, 2004, by and among NorthStar Partnership, L.P., NorthStar Funding Managing Member Holdings LLC and NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership* |
2.3 | Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of October 29, 2004, between NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership and ALGM I Equity, LLC* |
3.1 | Articles of Amendment and Restatement of NorthStar Realty Finance Corp., as filed with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland on October 20, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-114675)) |
3.2 | Bylaws of NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-114675)) |
3.3 | Amendment No. 1 to the Bylaws of NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on April 27, 2005) |
4.1 | Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of October 29, 2004, by and among NorthStar Realty Finance Corp., NorthStar Partnership, L.P., NorthStar Funding Managing Member Holdings LLC and NS Advisors Holdings LLC* |
10.1 | Agreement of Limited Partnership of NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership, dated as of October 19, 2004, by and among NorthStar Realty Finance Corp., as sole general partner and initial limited partner and the other limited partners a party thereto from time to time* |
10.2 | Non-Competition Agreement, dated as of October 29, 2004, by and among NorthStar Realty Finance Corp., NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership, NorthStar Capital Investment Corp. and NorthStar Partnership, L.P.* |
10.3 | Shared Facilities and Services Agreement, dated as of October 29, 2004, by and between NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. and NorthStar Capital Investment Corp.* |
10.4 | Amended, Restated and Consolidated Fee and Leasehold Mortgage, Assignment of Leases and Rents and Security Agreement, dated as of December 4, 2002, by and among 729 Demi-Tasse LLC, 1552 Lonsdale LLC, ALGM Leasehold II LLC, ALGM Leasehold III LLC, ALGM Leasehold VI LLC, ALGM Leasehold VIII LLC, ALGM Leasehold IX LLC, ALGM Leasehold X LLC, ALGM Leasehold XII LLC and Greenwich Capital Financial Products, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-114675)) |
10.5 | Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of October 22, 2004, between David T. Hamamoto and NorthStar Realty Finance Corp.* |
10.6 | Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of October 22, 2004, between Mark E. Chertok and NorthStar Realty Finance Corp.* |
10.7 | Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of October 22, 2004, between Jean-Michel Wasterlain and NorthStar Realty Finance Corp.* |
10.8 | Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of October 22, 2004, between Daniel R. Gilbert and NorthStar Realty Finance Corp.* |
52
10.9 | NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. 2004 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan* |
10.10 | LTIP Unit Vesting Agreement under the NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. 2004 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan among NorthStar Realty Finance Corp., NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership and NRF Employee, LLC* |
10.11 | Form of Vesting Agreement for Units of NRF Employee, LLC, each dated as of October 29, 2004, between NRF Employee, LLC and certain employees and co-employees of NorthStar Realty Finance Corp.* |
10.12 | Form of Restricted Stock Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7(a) to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-114675)) |
10.13 | NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. 2004 Long Term Incentive Bonus Plan* |
10.14 | Form of Notification under NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. 2004 Long Term Incentive Bonus Plan* |
10.15 | Form of Indemnification Agreement for directors and officers of NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-114675)) |
10.16 | Amended and Restated Master Repurchase Agreement, dated as of March 21, 2005, between NRFC DB Holdings, LLC and Deutsche Bank AG, Cayman Islands Branch** |
10.17 | Indenture, dated as of April 12, 2005, between NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as trustee*** |
10.18 | Amended and Restated Trust Agreement, dated as of April 12, 2005, among NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership, as depositor, JPMorgan Chase, National Association, as property trustee, Chase Bank USA, National Association, as Delaware trustee and Mark Chertok, David Hamamoto and Richard McCready, each as administrative trustees*** |
10.19 | Indenture, dated as of May 25, 2005, between NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as trustee |
10.20 | Amended and Restated Trust Agreement, dated as of May 25, 2005, among NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership, as depositor, JPMorgan Chase, National Association, as property trustee, Chase Bank USA, National Association, as Delaware trustee and Mark Chertok, David Hamamoto and Richard McCready, each as administrative trustees |
10.21 | Master Repurchase Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2005, between NRFC WA Holdings, LLC and Wachovia Bank, National Association |
31.1 | Certification of David T. Hamamoto, Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a - 14(a) of the Exchange Act |
31.2 | Certification of Mark E. Chertok, Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a - 14(a) of the Exchange Act |
32.1 | Certification of David T. Hamamoto, Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code |
32.2 | Certification of Mark E. Chertok, Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code |
* | Incorporated by reference to the like-numbered exhibit to NorthStar Realty Finance Corp.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ending September 30, 2004. |
** | Incorporated by reference to the like-numbered exhibit to NorthStar Realty Finance Corp.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2004. |
*** | Incorporated by reference to the like-numbered exhibit to NorthStar Realty Finance Corp.'s Amendment No. 1 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2004. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE CORP. |
Date: August 12, 2005 By: |
/S/
David T.
Hamamoto
Name: David T. Hamamoto Title: Chief Executive Officer |
By: |
/S/
Mark E.
Chertok
Name: Mark E. Chertok Title: Chief Financial Officer |
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EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit
No. |
Description | |||||
2.1 | Contribution Agreement, dated as of October 29, 2004, by and among NS Advisors Holdings LLC, Presidio Capital Investment Company, LLC and NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership* | |||||
2.2 | Contribution Agreement, dated as of October 29, 2004, by and among NorthStar Partnership, L.P., NorthStar Funding Managing Member Holdings LLC and NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership* | |||||
2.3 | Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of October 29, 2004, between NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership and ALGM I Equity, LLC* | |||||
3.1 | Articles of Amendment and Restatement of NorthStar Realty Finance Corp., as filed with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland on October 20, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-114675)) | |||||
3.2 | Bylaws of NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-114675)) | |||||
3.3 | Amendment No. 1 to the Bylaws of NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on April 27, 2005) | |||||
4.1 | Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of October 29, 2004, by and among NorthStar Realty Finance Corp., NorthStar Partnership, L.P., NorthStar Funding Managing Member Holdings LLC and NS Advisors Holdings LLC* | |||||
10.1 | Agreement of Limited Partnership of NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership, dated as of October 19, 2004, by and among NorthStar Realty Finance Corp., as sole general partner and initial limited partner and the other limited partners a party thereto from time to time* | |||||
10.2 | Non-Competition Agreement, dated as of October 29, 2004, by and among NorthStar Realty Finance Corp., NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership, NorthStar Capital Investment Corp. and NorthStar Partnership, L.P.* | |||||
10.3 | Shared Facilities and Services Agreement, dated as of October 29, 2004, by and between NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. and NorthStar Capital Investment Corp.* | |||||
10.4 | Amended, Restated and Consolidated Fee and Leasehold Mortgage, Assignment of Leases and Rents and Security Agreement, dated as of December 4, 2002, by and among 729 Demi-Tasse LLC, 1552 Lonsdale LLC, ALGM Leasehold II LLC, ALGM Leasehold III LLC, ALGM Leasehold VI LLC, ALGM Leasehold VIII LLC, ALGM Leasehold IX LLC, ALGM Leasehold X LLC, ALGM Leasehold XII LLC and Greenwich Capital Financial Products, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-114675)) | |||||
10.5 | Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of October 22, 2004, between David T. Hamamoto and NorthStar Realty Finance Corp.* | |||||
10.6 | Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of October 22, 2004, between Mark E. Chertok and NorthStar Realty Finance Corp.* | |||||
10.7 | Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of October 22, 2004, between Jean-Michel Wasterlain and NorthStar Realty Finance Corp.* | |||||
55
Exhibit
No. |
Description | |||||
10.8 | Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of October 22, 2004, between Daniel R. Gilbert and NorthStar Realty Finance Corp.* | |||||
10.9 | NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. 2004 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan* | |||||
10.10 | LTIP Unit Vesting Agreement under the NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. 2004 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan among NorthStar Realty Finance Corp., NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership and NRF Employee, LLC* | |||||
10.11 | Form of Vesting Agreement for Units of NRF Employee, LLC, each dated as of October 29, 2004, between NRF Employee, LLC and certain employees and co-employees of NorthStar Realty Finance Corp.* | |||||
10.12 | Form of Restricted Stock Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7(a) to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-114675)) | |||||
10.13 | NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. 2004 Long Term Incentive Bonus Plan* | |||||
10.14 | Form of Notification under NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. 2004 Long Term Incentive Bonus Plan* | |||||
10.15 | Form of Indemnification Agreement for directors and officers of NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-114675)) | |||||
10.16 | Amended and Restated Master Repurchase Agreement, dated as of March 21, 2005, between NRFC DB Holdings, LLC and Deutsche Bank AG, Cayman Islands Branch** | |||||
10.17 | Indenture, dated as of April 12, 2005, between NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as trustee*** | |||||
10.18 | Amended and Restated Trust Agreement, dated as of April 12, 2005, among NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership, as depositor, JPMorgan Chase, National Association, as property trustee, Chase Bank USA, National Association, as Delaware trustee and Mark Chertok, David Hamamoto and Richard McCready, each as administrative trustees*** | |||||
10.19 | Indenture, dated as of May 25, 2005, between NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as trustee | |||||
10.20 | Amended and Restated Trust Agreement, dated as of May 25, 2005, among NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership, as depositor, JPMorgan Chase, National Association, as property trustee, Chase Bank USA, National Association, as Delaware trustee and Mark Chertok, David Hamamoto and Richard McCready, each as administrative trustees | |||||
10.21 | Master Repurchase Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2005, between NRFC WA Holdings, LLC and Wachovia Bank, National Association | |||||
31.1 | Certification of David T. Hamamoto, Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a - 14(a) of the Exchange Act | |||||
31.2 | Certification of Mark E. Chertok, Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a - 14(a) of the Exchange Act | |||||
32.1 | Certification of David T. Hamamoto, Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code | |||||
32.2 | Certification of Mark E. Chertok, Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code | |||||
56
Exhibit
No. |
Description | |||||
* | Incorporated by reference to the like-numbered exhibit to NorthStar Realty Finance Corp.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ending September 30, 2004. | |||||
** | Incorporated by reference to the like-numbered exhibit to NorthStar Realty Finance Corp.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2004. | |||||
*** | Incorporated by reference to the like-numbered exhibit to NorthStar Realty Finance Corp.'s Amendment No. 1 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2004. | |||||
57
EXECUTION COPY ================================================================================ JUNIOR SUBORDINATED INDENTURE between NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE LIMITED PARTNERSHIP and JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Trustee ---------- Dated as of May 25, 2005 ---------- ================================================================================ TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE ---- ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION... 1 Section 1.1. Definitions.......................................... 1 Section 1.2. Compliance Certificate and Opinions.................. 9 Section 1.3. Forms of Documents Delivered to Trustee.............. 10 Section 1.4. Acts of Holders...................................... 10 Section 1.5. Notices, Etc. to Trustee and Company................. 12 Section 1.6. Notice to Holders; Waiver............................ 12 Section 1.7. Effect of Headings and Table of Contents............. 13 Section 1.8. Successors and Assigns............................... 13 Section 1.9. Separability Clause.................................. 13 Section 1.10. Benefits of Indenture................................ 13 Section 1.11. Governing Law........................................ 13 Section 1.12. Submission to Jurisdiction........................... 14 Section 1.13. Non-Business Days.................................... 14 ARTICLE II SECURITY FORMS............................................ 14 Section 2.1. Form of Security..................................... 14 Section 2.2. Restricted Legend.................................... 20 Section 2.3. Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication...... 22 Section 2.4. Temporary Securities................................. 22 Section 2.5. Definitive Securities................................ 22 ARTICLE III THE SECURITIES............................................ 23 Section 3.1. Payment of Principal and Interest.................... 23 Section 3.2. Denominations........................................ 25 Section 3.3. Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating....... 25 Section 3.4. Global Securities.................................... 26 Section 3.5. Registration, Transfer and Exchange Generally........ 28 Section 3.6. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities..... 29 Section 3.7. Persons Deemed Owners................................ 29 Section 3.8. Cancellation......................................... 30 Section 3.9. Deferrals of Interest Payment Dates.................. 30 -i- TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) PAGE ---- Section 3.10. Agreed Tax Treatment................................. 31 Section 3.11. CUSIP Numbers........................................ 31 ARTICLE IV SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE................................ 32 Section 4.1. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture.............. 32 Section 4.2. Application of Trust Money........................... 33 ARTICLE V REMEDIES.................................................. 33 Section 5.1. Events of Default.................................... 33 Section 5.2. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment... 34 Section 5.3. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee........................................ 35 Section 5.4. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim..................... 36 Section 5.5. Trustee May Enforce Claim Without Possession of Securities........................................ 36 Section 5.6. Application of Money Collected....................... 36 Section 5.7. Limitation on Suits.................................. 37 Section 5.8. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal, Premium, if any, and Interest; Direct Action by Holders of Preferred Securities................... 37 Section 5.9. Restoration of Rights and Remedies................... 38 Section 5.10. Rights and Remedies Cumulative....................... 38 Section 5.11. Delay or Omission Not Waiver......................... 38 Section 5.12. Control by Holders................................... 38 Section 5.13. Waiver of Past Defaults.............................. 39 Section 5.14. Undertaking for Costs................................ 39 Section 5.15. Waiver of Usury, Stay or Extension Laws.............. 40 ARTICLE VI THE TRUSTEE............................................... 40 Section 6.1. Corporate Trustee Required........................... 40 Section 6.2. Certain Duties and Responsibilities.................. 40 Section 6.3. Notice of Defaults................................... 42 Section 6.4. Certain Rights of Trustee............................ 42 Section 6.5. May Hold Securities.................................. 44 Section 6.6. Compensation; Reimbursement; Indemnity............... 44 Section 6.7. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor.... 45 -ii-TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) PAGE ---- Section 6.8. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor............... 46 Section 6.9. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business.......................................... 46 Section 6.10. Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities........................................ 47 Section 6.11. Appointment of Authenticating Agent.................. 47 ARTICLE VII HOLDER'S LISTS AND REPORTS BY COMPANY..................... 48 Section 7.1. Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders........................................... 48 Section 7.2. Preservation of Information, Communications to Holders........................................... 49 Section 7.3. Reports by Company................................... 49 ARTICLE VIII CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, CONVEYANCE, TRANSFER OR LEASE...... 50 Section 8.1. Company May Consolidate, Etc., Only on Certain Terms............................................. 50 Section 8.2. Successor Company Substituted........................ 51 ARTICLE IX SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES................................... 51 Section 9.1. Supplemental Indentures without Consent of Holders... 51 Section 9.2. Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders...... 52 Section 9.3. Execution of Supplemental Indentures................. 53 Section 9.4. Effect of Supplemental Indentures.................... 53 Section 9.5. Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures... 53 ARTICLE X COVENANTS................................................. 53 Section 10.1. Payment of Principal, Premium, if any, and Interest.. 53 Section 10.2. Money for Security Payments to be Held in Trust...... 54 Section 10.3. Statement as to Compliance........................... 55 Section 10.4. Calculation Agent.................................... 55 Section 10.5. Additional Tax Sums.................................. 56 Section 10.6. Additional Covenants................................. 56 Section 10.7. Waiver of Covenants.................................. 57 Section 10.8. Treatment of Securities.............................. 57 ARTICLE XI REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES.................................. 58 Section 11.1. Optional Redemption.................................. 58 Section 11.2. Special Event Redemption............................. 58 Section 11.3. Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee................ 58 -iii-TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) PAGE ---- Section 11.4. Selection of Securities to be Redeemed............... 58 Section 11.5. Notice of Redemption................................. 59 Section 11.6. Deposit of Redemption Price.......................... 60 Section 11.7. Payment of Securities Called for Redemption.......... 60 ARTICLE XII SUBORDINATION OF SECURITIES............................... 60 Section 12.1. Securities Subordinate to Senior Debt................ 60 Section 12.2. No Payment When Senior Debt in Default; Payment Over of Proceeds Upon Dissolution, Etc. ............... 61 Section 12.3. Payment Permitted If No Default...................... 62 Section 12.4. Subrogation to Rights of Holders of Senior Debt...... 62 Section 12.5. Provisions Solely to Define Relative Rights.......... 63 Section 12.6. Trustee to Effectuate Subordination.................. 63 Section 12.7. No Waiver of Subordination Provisions................ 63 Section 12.8. Notice to Trustee.................................... 64 Section 12.9. Reliance on Judicial Order or Certificate of Liquidating Agent................................. 64 Section 12.10. Trustee Not Fiduciary for Holders of Senior Debt..... 65 Section 12.11. Rights of Trustee as Holder of Senior Debt; Preservation of Trustee's Rights.................. 65 Section 12.12. Article Applicable to Paying Agents.................. 65 SCHEDULES Schedule A - Determination of LIBOR Exhibit A - Form of Officer's Financial Certificate -iv-JUNIOR SUBORDINATED INDENTURE, dated as of May 25, 2005, between NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, a Delaware limited partnership (the "Company"), and JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, National Association, a national banking association, as Trustee (in such capacity, the "Trustee"). RECITALS OF THE COMPANY WHEREAS, the Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for the issuance of its unsecured junior subordinated deferrable interest notes (the "Securities") issued to evidence loans made to the Company of the proceeds from the issuance by NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II, a Delaware statutory trust (the "Trust"), of undivided preferred beneficial interests in the assets of the Trust (the "Preferred Securities") and undivided common beneficial interests in the assets of the Trust (the "Common Securities" and, collectively with the Preferred Securities, the "Trust Securities"), and to provide the terms and conditions upon which the Securities are to be authenticated, issued and delivered; and WHEREAS, all things necessary to make this Indenture a valid agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done. NOW, THEREFORE, this Indenture Witnesseth: For and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the Securities by the Holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted and agreed, for the equal and proportionate benefit of all Holders of the Securities, as follows: ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION SECTION 1.1. Definitions. For all purposes of this Indenture, except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires: (a) the terms defined in this Article I have the meanings assigned to them in this Article I; (b) the words "include", "includes" and "including" shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase "without limitation"; (c) all accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to them in accordance with GAAP; (d) unless the context otherwise requires, any reference to an "Article" or a "Section" refers to an Article or a Section, as the case may be, of this Indenture; (e) the words "hereby", "herein", "hereof" and "hereunder" and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision; 1 (f) a reference to the singular includes the plural and vice versa; and (g) the masculine, feminine or neuter genders used herein shall include the masculine, feminine and neuter genders. "Act" when used with respect to any Holder, has the meaning specified in Section 1.4. "Administrative Trustee" means, with respect to the Trust, each Person identified as an "Administrative Trustee" in the Trust Agreement, solely in its capacity as Administrative Trustee of the Trust under the Trust Agreement and not in its individual capacity, or its successor in interest in such capacity, or any successor Administrative Trustee appointed as therein provided. "Additional Interest" means the interest, if any, that shall accrue on any amounts payable on the Securities, the payment of which has not been made on the applicable Interest Payment Date and which shall accrue at the rate per annum specified or determined as specified in such Security, in each case to the extent legally enforceable. "Additional Tax Sums" has the meaning specified in Section 10.5. "Additional Taxes" means taxes, duties or other governmental charges imposed on the Trust as a result of a Tax Event (which, for the sake of clarity, does not include amounts required to be deducted or withheld by the Trust from payments made by the Trust to or for the benefit of the Holder of, or any Person that acquires a beneficial interest in, the Securities). "Affiliate" of any specified Person means any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified Person. For the purposes of this definition, "control," when used with respect to any specified Person, means the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms "controlling" and "controlled" have meanings correlative to the foregoing. "Applicable Depositary Procedures" means, with respect to any transfer or transaction involving a Global Security or beneficial interest therein, the rules and procedures of the Depositary for such Security, in each case to the extent applicable to such transaction and as in effect from time to time. "Authenticating Agent" means any Person authorized by the Trustee pursuant to Section 6.11 to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate the Securities. "Bankruptcy Code" means Title 11 of the United States Code or any successor statute(s) thereto, or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors, in each case as amended from time to time. "Board of Directors" means the board of directors of the Company or any duly authorized committee of that board. "Board Resolution" means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification. 2 "Business Day" means any day other than (i) a Saturday or Sunday, (ii) a day on which banking institutions in the City of New York are authorized or required by law or executive order to remain closed or (iii) a day on which the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee is closed for business. "Calculation Agent" has the meaning specified in Section 10.4. "Common Securities" has the meaning specified in the first recital of this Indenture. "Common Stock" means the common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company. "Company" means the Person named as the "Company" in the first paragraph of this Indenture until a successor corporation shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter "Company" shall mean such successor corporation. "Company Request" and "Company Order" mean, respectively, the written request or order signed in the name of the Company by its Chairman of the Board of Directors, its Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors, its Chief Executive Officer, President or a Vice President, and by its Chief Financial Officer, its Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, its Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, and delivered to the Trustee. "Corporate Trust Office" means the principal office of the Trustee at which at any particular time its corporate trust business shall be administered, which office at the date of this Indenture is located at 600 Travis, 50th Floor, Houston, Texas 77019 Attn: Institutional Trust Services-- NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II. "Debt" means, with respect to any Person, whether recourse is to all or a portion of the assets of such Person, whether currently existing or hereafter incurred and whether or not contingent and without duplication, (i) every obligation of such Person for money borrowed; (ii) every obligation of such Person evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or other similar instruments, including obligations incurred in connection with the acquisition of property, assets or businesses; (iii) every reimbursement obligation of such Person with respect to letters of credit, bankers' acceptances or similar facilities issued for the account of such Person; (iv) every obligation of such Person issued or assumed as the deferred purchase price of property or services (but excluding trade accounts payable or other accrued liabilities arising in the ordinary course of business); (v) every capital lease obligation of such Person; (vi) all indebtedness of such Person, whether incurred on or prior to the date of this Indenture or thereafter incurred, for claims in respect of derivative products, including interest rate, foreign exchange rate and commodity forward contracts, options and swaps and similar arrangements; (vii) every obligation of the type referred to in clauses (i) through (vi) of another Person and all dividends of another Person the payment of which, in either case, such Person has guaranteed or is responsible or liable for, directly or indirectly, as obligor or otherwise; and (viii) any renewals, extensions, refundings, amendments or modifications of any obligation of the type referred to in clauses (i) through (vii). "Defaulted Interest" has the meaning specified in Section 3.1. "Delaware Trustee" means, with respect to the Trust, the Person identified as the "Delaware Trustee" in the Trust Agreement, solely in its capacity as Delaware Trustee of the 3 Trust under the Trust Agreement and not in its individual capacity, or its successor in interest in such capacity, or any successor Delaware Trustee appointed as therein provided. "Depositary" means an organization registered as a clearing agency under the Exchange Act that is designated as Depositary by the Company or any successor thereto. DTC will be the initial Depositary. "Depositary Participant" means a broker, dealer, bank, other financial institution or other Person for whom from time to time a Depositary effects book-entry transfers and pledges of securities deposited with the Depositary. "Distributions" means amounts payable in respect of the Trust Securities as provided in the Trust Agreement and referred to therein as "Distributions." "Dollar" or "$" means the currency of the United States of America that, as at the time of payment, is legal tender for the payment of public and private debts. "DTC" means The Depository Trust Company, a New York corporation, or any successor thereto. "Event of Default" has the meaning specified in Section 5.1. "Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or any statute successor thereto, in each case as amended from time to time. "Expiration Date" has the meaning specified in Section 1.4. "Extension Period" has the meaning specified in Section 3.9. "Extension Right" has the meaning specified in Section 3.9. "Fixed Rate Period" shall have the meaning in the form of Security set forth in Section 2.1. "GAAP" means United States generally accepted accounting principles, consistently applied, from time to time in effect. "Global Security" means a Security that evidences all or part of the Securities, the ownership and transfers of which shall be made through book entries by a Depositary. "Government Obligation" means (a) any security that is (i) a direct obligation of the United States of America of which the full faith and credit of the United States of America is pledged or (ii) an obligation of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America or the payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the United States of America, which, in either case (i) or (ii), is not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof, and (b) any depositary receipt issued by a bank (as defined in Section 3(a)(2) of the Securities Act) as custodian with respect to any Government Obligation that is specified in clause (a) above and held by such bank for the account of the holder of such depositary receipt, or with respect to any 4 specific payment of principal of or interest on any Government Obligation that is so specified and held, provided, that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depositary receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the Government Obligation or the specific payment of principal or interest evidenced by such depositary receipt. "Holder" means a Person in whose name a Security is registered in the Securities Register. "Indenture" means this instrument as originally executed or as it may from time to time be amended or supplemented by one or more amendments or indentures supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof. "Interest Payment Date" means March 30, June 30, September 30 and December 30 of each year, commencing on September 30, 2005, during the term of this Indenture. "Investment Company Act" means the Investment Company Act of 1940 or any successor statute thereto, in each case as amended from time to time. "Investment Company Event" means the receipt by the Company of an Opinion of Counsel experienced in such matters to the effect that, as a result of the occurrence of a change in law or regulation (including any announced prospective change) or a written change in interpretation or application of law or regulation by any legislative body, court, governmental agency or regulatory authority, there is more than an insubstantial risk that the Trust is or, within ninety (90) days of the date of such opinion will be, considered an "investment company" that is required to be registered under the Investment Company Act, which change or prospective change becomes effective or would become effective, as the case may be, on or after the date of the issuance of the Securities. "LIBOR" has the meaning specified in Schedule A. "LIBOR Business Day" has the meaning specified in Schedule A. "LIBOR Determination Date" has the meaning specified in Schedule A. "Liquidation Amount" has the meaning specified in the Trust Agreement. "Maturity," when used with respect to any Security, means the date on which the principal of such Security or any installment of principal becomes due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise. "Notice of Default" means a written notice of the kind specified in Section 5.1(c). "Officers' Certificate" means a certificate signed by the Chairman of the Board, a Vice Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or a Vice President, and by the Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, of the Company and delivered to the Trustee. 5 "Operative Documents" means the Trust Agreement, the Indenture, the Purchase Agreement and the Securities. "Opinion of Counsel" means a written opinion of counsel, who may be counsel for or an employee of the Company or any Affiliate of the Company. "Optional Redemption Price" has the meaning set forth in Section 11.1. "Original Issue Date" means the date of original issuance of each Security. "Outstanding" means, when used in reference to any Securities, as of the date of determination, all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered under this Indenture, except: (i) Securities theretofore canceled by the Trustee or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; (ii) Securities for whose payment or redemption money in the necessary amount has been theretofore deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent (other than the Company) in trust or set aside and segregated in trust by the Company (if the Company and/or its Affiliates shall act as its own Paying Agent) for the Holders of such Securities; provided, that, if such Securities are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly given pursuant to this Indenture or provision therefor satisfactory to the Trustee has been made; and (iii) Securities that have been paid or in substitution for or in lieu of which other Securities have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture, unless proof satisfactory to the Trustee is presented that any such Securities are held by Holders in whose hands such Securities are valid, binding and legal obligations of the Company; provided, that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount of Outstanding Securities have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, Securities owned by the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or such other obligor shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding unless the Company shall hold all Outstanding Securities, except that, in determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, only Securities that a Responsible Officer of the Trustee actually knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded. Securities so owned that have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee's right so to act with respect to such Securities and that the pledgee is not the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or such other obligor. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, Securities initially issued to the Trust that are owned by the Trust shall be deemed to be Outstanding notwithstanding the ownership by the Company or an Affiliate of any beneficial interest in the Trust. "Paying Agent" means the Trustee or any Person authorized by the Company to pay the principal of or any premium or interest on, or other amounts in respect of, any Securities on behalf of the Company. 6 "Person" means a legal person, including any individual, corporation, estate, partnership, joint venture, association, joint stock company, company, limited liability company, trust, unincorporated association, or government, or any agency or political subdivision thereof, or any other entity of whatever nature. "Place of Payment" means, with respect to the Securities, the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee. "Preferred Securities" has the meaning specified in the first recital of this Indenture. "Predecessor Security" of any particular Security means every previous Security evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced by such particular Security. For the purposes of this definition, any security authenticated and delivered under Section 3.6 in lieu of a mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be deemed to evidence the same debt as the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security. "Proceeding" has the meaning specified in Section 12.2. "Property Trustee" means the Person identified as the "Property Trustee" in the Trust Agreement, solely in its capacity as Property Trustee of the Trust under the Trust Agreement and not in its individual capacity, or its successor in interest in such capacity, or any successor Property Trustee appointed as therein provided. "Purchase Agreement" means the agreement, dated as of the date hereof, between the Company, the NorthStar REIT and the Trust, on the one hand, and Merrill Lynch International, on the other hand. "Redemption Date" means, when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to this Indenture. "Redemption Price" means, when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, in whole or in part, the Special Redemption Price or the Optional Redemption Price, as applicable, at which such Security or portion thereof is to be redeemed as fixed by or pursuant to this Indenture. "Reference Banks" has the meaning specified in Schedule A. "Regular Record Date" for the interest payable on any Interest Payment Date with respect to the Securities means the date that is fifteen (15) days preceding such Interest Payment Date (whether or not a Business Day). "Responsible Officer" means, when used with respect to the Trustee, the officer in the Institutional Trust Services department of the Trustee having direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture. "Rights Plan" means a plan of the Company providing for the issuance by the Company to all holders of its Common Stock of rights entitling the holders thereof to subscribe for or purchase shares of any class or series of capital stock of the Company which rights (i) are deemed to be transferred with such shares of such Common Stock and (ii) are also issued in 7 respect of future issuances of such Common Stock, in each case until the occurrence of a specified event or events. "Securities" or "Security" has the meaning set forth in the first recital to this Indenture and more particularly means the Securities authenticated and delivered under this Indenture. "Securities Act" means the Securities Act of 1933 or any successor statute thereto, in each case as amended from time to time. "Securities Register" and "Securities Registrar" have the respective meanings specified in Section 3.5. "Senior Debt" means the principal of and any premium and interest on (including interest accruing on or after the filing of any petition in bankruptcy or for reorganization relating to the Company, whether or not such claim for post-petition interest is allowed in such proceeding) all Debt of the Company, whether incurred on or prior to the date of this Indenture or thereafter incurred, unless it is provided in the instrument creating or evidencing the same or pursuant to which the same is outstanding, that such obligations are not superior in right of payment to the Securities issued under this Indenture. "Special Event" means the occurrence of an Investment Company Event or a Tax Event. "Special Record Date" for the payment of any Defaulted Interest means a date fixed by the Trustee pursuant to Section 3.1. "Special Redemption Price" has the meaning set forth in Section 11.2. "Stated Maturity" means June 30, 2035. "Subsidiary" means a Person more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding voting stock or other voting interests of which is owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company or by one or more other Subsidiaries, or by the Company and one or more other Subsidiaries. For purposes of this definition, "voting stock" means stock that ordinarily has voting power for the election of directors, whether at all times or only so long as no senior class of stock has such voting power by reason of any contingency. "Tax Event" means the receipt by the Company of an Opinion of Counsel experienced in such matters to the effect that, as a result of (a) any amendment to or change (including any announced prospective change) in the laws or any regulations thereunder of the United States or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein or (b) any judicial decision or any official administrative pronouncement (including any private letter ruling, technical advice memorandum or field service advice) or regulatory procedure, including any notice or announcement of intent to adopt any such pronouncement or procedure (an "Administrative Action"), regardless of whether such judicial decision or Administrative Action is issued to or in connection with a proceeding involving the Company or the Trust and whether or not subject to review or appeal, which amendment, change, judicial decision or Administrative Action is enacted, promulgated or announced, in each case, on or after the date of issuance of the Securities, there is more than an insubstantial risk that (i) the Trust is, or will be within ninety (90) days of the date of such opinion, subject to United States federal income tax with respect to 8 income received or accrued on the Securities, (ii) interest payable by the Company on the Securities is not, or within ninety (90) days of the date of such opinion, will not be, deductible by the Company, in whole or in part, for United States federal income tax purposes, or (iii) the Trust is, or will be within ninety (90) days of the date of such opinion, subject to more than a de minimis amount of other taxes, duties or other governmental charges. "Trust" has the meaning specified in the first recital of this Indenture. "Trust Agreement" means the Amended and Restated Trust Agreement executed and delivered by the Company, the Property Trustee, Chase Bank USA, National Association, as Delaware Trustee and the Administrative Trustees named therein, contemporaneously with the execution and delivery of this Indenture, for the benefit of the holders of the Trust Securities, as amended or supplemented from time to time. "Trustee" means the Person named as the "Trustee" in the first paragraph of this instrument, solely in its capacity as such and not in its individual capacity, until a successor Trustee shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and, thereafter, "Trustee" shall mean or include each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder. "Trust Indenture Act" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended and as in effect on the date as of this Indenture. "Trust Securities" has the meaning specified in the first recital of this Indenture. SECTION 1.2. Compliance Certificate and Opinions. (a) Upon any application or request by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under any provision of this Indenture, the Company shall, if requested by the Trustee, furnish to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate stating that all conditions precedent (including covenants compliance with which constitutes a condition precedent), if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with and an Opinion of Counsel stating that in the opinion of such counsel all such conditions precedent (including covenants compliance with which constitutes a condition precedent), if any, have been complied with. (b) Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture (other than the certificate provided pursuant to Section 10.3) shall include: (i) a statement by each individual signing such certificate or opinion that such individual has read such covenant or condition and the definitions herein relating thereto; (ii) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions of such individual contained in such certificate or opinion are based; (iii) a statement that, in the opinion of such individual, he or she has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him or her to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and 9 (iv) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of such individual, such condition or covenant has been complied with. SECTION 1.3. Forms of Documents Delivered to Trustee. (a) In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents. (b) Any certificate or opinion of an officer of the Company may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, counsel, unless such officer knows, or after reasonable inquiry should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to matters upon which his or her certificate or opinion is based are erroneous. Any such certificate or Opinion of Counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, an officer or officers of the Company stating that the information with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the Company, unless such counsel knows, or after reasonable inquiry should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to such matters are erroneous. (c) Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and form one instrument. (d) Whenever, subsequent to the receipt by the Trustee of any Board Resolution, Officers' Certificate, Opinion of Counsel or other document or instrument, a clerical, typographical or other inadvertent or unintentional error or omission shall be discovered therein, a new document or instrument may be substituted therefor in corrected form with the same force and effect as if originally received in the corrected form and, irrespective of the date or dates of the actual execution and/or delivery thereof, such substitute document or instrument shall be deemed to have been executed and/or delivered as of the date or dates required with respect to the document or instrument for which it is substituted. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, any Securities issued under the authority of such defective document or instrument shall nevertheless be the valid obligations of the Company entitled to the benefits of this Indenture equally and ratably with all other Outstanding Securities. SECTION 1.4. Acts of Holders. (a) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given to or taken by Holders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by an agent thereof duly appointed in writing; and, except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments (including any appointment of an agent) is or are delivered to the Trustee, and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the Company. Such instrument or instruments (and the action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the "Act" of the Holders 10 signing such instrument or instruments. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and conclusive in favor of the Trustee and the Company, if made in the manner provided in this Section 1.4. (b) The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such execution or by the certificate of any notary public or other officer authorized by law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual signing such instrument or writing acknowledged to him or her the execution thereof. Where such execution is by a Person acting in other than his or her individual capacity, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof of his or her authority. The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing, or the authority of the Person executing the same, may also be proved in any other manner that the Trustee deems sufficient and in accordance with such reasonable rules as the Trustee may determine. (c) The ownership of Securities shall be proved by the Securities Register. (d) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action by the Holder of any Security shall bind every future Holder of the same Security and the Holder of every Security issued upon the registration of transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof in respect of anything done or suffered to be done by the Trustee or the Company in reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Security. (e) Without limiting the foregoing, a Holder entitled to take any action hereunder with regard to any particular Security may do so with regard to all or any part of the principal amount of such Security or by one or more duly appointed agents each of which may do so pursuant to such appointment with regard to all or any part of such principal amount. (f) Except as set forth in paragraph (g) of this Section 1.4, the Company may set any day as a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders of Outstanding Securities entitled to give, make or take any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided or permitted by this Indenture to be given, made or taken by Holders of Securities. If any record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the Holders of Outstanding Securities on such record date, and no other Holders, shall be entitled to take the relevant action, whether or not such Holders remain Holders after such record date; provided, that no such action shall be effective hereunder unless taken on or prior to the applicable Expiration Date (as defined in Section 1.4(h)) by Holders of the requisite principal amount of Outstanding Securities on such record date. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to prevent the Company from setting a new record date for any action for which a record date has previously been set pursuant to this paragraph (whereupon the record date previously set shall automatically and with no action by any Person be canceled and of no effect). Promptly after any record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the Company, at its own expense, shall cause notice of such record date, the proposed action by Holders and the applicable Expiration Date to be given to the Trustee in writing and to each Holder of Securities in the manner set forth in Section 1.6. (g) The Trustee may set any day as a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders of Outstanding Securities entitled to join in the giving or making of (i) any Notice of Default, (ii) any declaration of acceleration or rescission or annulment thereof referred to in 11 Section 5.2, (iii) any request to institute proceedings referred to in Section 5.7(b) or (iv) any direction referred to in Section 5.12. If any record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the Holders of Outstanding Securities on such record date, and no other Holders, shall be entitled to join in such notice, declaration, request or direction, whether or not such Holders remain Holders after such record date; provided, that no such action shall be effective hereunder unless taken on or prior to the applicable Expiration Date by Holders of the requisite principal amount of Outstanding Securities on such record date. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to prevent the Trustee from setting a new record date for any action for which a record date has previously been set pursuant to this paragraph (whereupon the record date previously set shall automatically and with no action by any Person be canceled and of no effect). Promptly after any record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the Trustee, at the Company's expense, shall cause notice of such record date, the proposed action by Holders and the applicable Expiration Date to be given to the Company in writing and to each Holder of Securities in the manner set forth in Section 1.6. (h) With respect to any record date set pursuant to paragraph (f) or (g) of this Section 1.4, the party hereto that sets such record date may designate any day as the "Expiration Date" and from time to time may change the Expiration Date to any earlier or later day; provided, that no such change shall be effective unless notice of the proposed new Expiration Date is given to the other party hereto in writing, and to each Holder of Securities in the manner set forth in Section 1.6, on or prior to the existing Expiration Date. If an Expiration Date is not designated with respect to any record date set pursuant to this Section 1.4, the party hereto that set such record date shall be deemed to have initially designated the ninetieth (90th) day after such record date as the Expiration Date with respect thereto, subject to its right to change the Expiration Date as provided in this paragraph. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Expiration Date shall be later than the one hundred eightieth (180th) day after the applicable record date. SECTION 1.5. Notices, Etc. to Trustee and Company. Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver, Act of Holders, or other document provided or permitted by this Indenture to be made upon, given or furnished to, or filed with: (a) the Trustee by any Holder, any holder of Preferred Securities or the Company shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if made, given, furnished or filed in writing to or with and received by the Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office, or (b) the Company by the Trustee, any Holder or any holder of Preferred Securities shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if in writing and mailed, first class, postage prepaid, to the Company addressed to it at 527 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10022, or at any other address previously furnished in writing to the Trustee by the Company. SECTION 1.6. Notice to Holders; Waiver. Where this Indenture provides for notice to Holders of any event, such notice shall be sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first class, postage prepaid, to each Holder affected by such event to the address of such Holder as it appears in the Securities Register, not later than the latest date (if any), and not earlier than the 12 earliest date (if any), prescribed for the giving of such notice. If, by reason of the suspension of or irregularities in regular mail service or for any other reason, it shall be impossible or impracticable to mail notice of any event to Holders when said notice is required to be given pursuant to any provision of this Indenture, then any manner of giving such notice as shall be satisfactory to the Trustee shall be deemed to be a sufficient giving of such notice. In any case where notice to Holders is given by mail, neither the failure to mail such notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed, to any particular Holder shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to other Holders. Where this Indenture provides for notice in any manner, such notice may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice, either before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Trustee, but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in reliance upon such waiver. SECTION 1.7. Effect of Headings and Table of Contents. The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction of this Indenture. SECTION 1.8. Successors and Assigns. This Indenture shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of any successor to the Company and the Trustee, including any successor by operation of law. Except in connection with a transaction involving the Company that is permitted under Article VIII and pursuant to which the assignee agrees in writing to perform the Company's obligations hereunder, the Company shall not assign its obligations hereunder. SECTION 1.9. Separability Clause. If any provision in this Indenture or in the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby, and there shall be deemed substituted for the provision at issue a valid, legal and enforceable provision as similar as possible to the provision at issue. SECTION 1.10. Benefits of Indenture. Nothing in this Indenture or in the Securities, express or implied, shall give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and their successors and assigns, the holders of Senior Debt, the Holders of the Securities and, to the extent expressly provided in Sections 5.2, 5.8, 5.9, 5.11, 5.13, 9.2 and 10.7, the holders of Preferred Securities, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Indenture. SECTION 1.11. Governing Law. THIS INDENTURE AND THE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF EACH OF THE HOLDERS, THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE SHALL BE CONSTRUED AND ENFORCED IN ACCORDANCE WITH AND GOVERNED BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAWS PROVISIONS (OTHER THAN SECTION 5-1401 OF THE GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW). 13 SECTION 1.12. Submission to Jurisdiction. ANY LEGAL ACTION OR PROCEEDING BY OR AGAINST ANY PARTY HERETO OR WITH RESPECT TO OR ARISING OUT OF THIS INDENTURE MAY BE BROUGHT IN OR REMOVED TO THE COURTS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, IN AND FOR THE COUNTY OF NEW YORK, OR OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK (IN EACH CASE SITTING IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN). BY EXECUTION AND DELIVERY OF THIS INDENTURE, EACH PARTY ACCEPTS, FOR ITSELF AND IN RESPECT OF ITS PROPERTY, GENERALLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY, THE JURISDICTION OF THE AFORESAID COURTS (AND COURTS OF APPEALS THEREFROM) FOR LEGAL PROCEEDINGS ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS INDENTURE. SECTION 1.13. Non-Business Days. If any Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date or Stated Maturity of any Security shall not be a Business Day, then (notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture or the Securities) payment of interest, premium, if any, or principal or other amounts in respect of such Security shall not be made on such date, but shall be made on the next succeeding Business Day (and no interest shall accrue in respect of the amounts whose payment is so delayed for the period from and after such Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date or Stated Maturity, as the case may be, until such next succeeding Business Day) except that, if such Business Day falls in the next succeeding calendar year, such payment shall be made on the immediately preceding Business Day, in each case with the same force and effect as if made on the Interest Payment Date or Redemption Date or at the Stated Maturity. ARTICLE II SECURITY FORMS SECTION 2.1. Form of Security. Any Security issued hereunder shall be in substantially the following form: NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE LIMITED PARTNERSHIP FLOATING RATE JUNIOR SUBORDINATED NOTE DUE 2035 No. _____________ $25,780,000 NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership, a limited partnership organized and existing under the laws of Delaware (hereinafter called the "Company," which term includes any successor Person under the Indenture hereinafter referred to), for value received, hereby promises to pay to [_______________], or registered assigns, the principal sum of Twenty Five Million Seven Hundred Eighty Thousand Dollars ($25,780,000) [IF THE SECURITY IS A GLOBAL SECURITY, THEN INSERT-- OR SUCH OTHER PRINCIPAL AMOUNT REPRESENTED HEREBY AS MAY BE SET FORTH IN THE RECORDS OF THE SECURITIES REGISTRAR HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE INDENTURE] on June 30, 2035. The Company further promises to pay interest on said principal sum from May 25, 2005, or from the most recent Interest Payment Date to which 14 interest has been paid or duly provided for, quarterly (subject to deferral as set forth herein) in arrears on March 30, June 30, September 30 and December 30 of each year, commencing September 30, 2005, or if any such day is not a Business Day, on the next succeeding Business Day (and no interest shall accrue in respect of the amounts whose payment is so delayed for the period from and after such Interest Payment Date until such next succeeding Business Day), except that, if such Business Day falls in the next succeeding calendar year, such payment shall be made on the immediately preceding Business Day, in each case, with the same force and effect as if made on the Interest Payment Date, at a fixed rate equal to 7.74% per annum through the interest payment date in June 2015 ("Fixed Rate Period") and thereafter at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.25% per annum, together with Additional Tax Sums, if any, as provided in Section 10.5 of the Indenture, until the principal hereof is paid or duly provided for or made available for payment; provided, further, that any overdue principal, premium, if any, or Additional Tax Sums and any overdue installment of interest shall bear Additional Interest at a fixed rate equal to 7.74% through the interest payment date in June 2015 and thereafter at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.25% per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), compounded quarterly, from the dates such amounts are due until they are paid or made available for payment, and such interest shall be payable on demand. During the Fixed Rate Period, the amount of interest payable shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months and the amount payable for any partial period shall be computed on the basis of the number of days elapsed in a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months. Upon expiration of the Fixed Rate Period, the amount of interest payable for any Interest Payment Period will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year and the actual number of days elapsed in the relevant interest period. The interest so payable, and punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date shall, as provided in the Indenture, be paid to the Person in whose name this Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest installment. Any such interest not so punctually paid or duly provided for shall forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on such Regular Record Date and may either be paid to the Person in whose name this Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest to be fixed by the Trustee, notice whereof shall be given to Holders of Securities not less than ten (10) days prior to such Special Record Date, or be paid at any time in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange on which the Securities may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, all as more fully provided in the Indenture. So long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, after October 12, 2006, the Company shall have the right, at any time and from time to time during the term of this Security, to defer the payment of interest on this Security for a period of up to six (6) consecutive quarterly interest payment periods (such right to defer, the "Extension Right" and each such period, including any extensions thereof prior to the expiration of such period, an "Extension Period"), during which Extension Period(s), no interest shall be due and payable (except any Additional Tax Sums that may be due and payable); provided, that the Company shall not be entitled to exercise its Extension Right so that it would be able to defer the payment of interest on this Security for more than six (6) quarterly interest payment periods during the term of this Security; provided, further, that, after the expiration of any Extension Period, the Company may not exercise its Extension Right to begin any subsequent Extension Period until it pays all 15 interest then accrued and unpaid on this Security, together with such Additional Interest, prior to beginning such subsequent Extension Period. No Extension Period shall end on a date other than an Interest Payment Date, and no Extension Period shall extend beyond the Stated Maturity of the principal of this Security. No interest shall be due and payable during an Extension Period (except any Additional Tax Sums that may be due and payable), except at the end thereof, but each installment of interest that would otherwise have been due and payable during such Extension Period shall bear Additional Interest (to the extent payment of such interest would be legally enforceable) at a fixed rate equal to 7.74% per annum through the interest payment date in June 2015 and thereafter at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.25% per annum, compounded quarterly, from the dates on which amounts would have otherwise been due and payable until paid or made available for payment. At the end of any such Extension Period (which shall include any extensions thereof prior to the expiration of such Extension Period), the Company shall pay all interest then accrued and unpaid on this Security, together with such Additional Interest. Prior to the termination of any such Extension Period, the Company may further defer the payment of interest; provided, that (i) all such previous and further extensions comprising such Extension Period do not exceed six (6) quarterly interest payment periods, (ii) no Extension Period shall end on a date other than an Interest Payment Date and (iii) no Extension Period shall extend beyond the Stated Maturity of the principal of this Security. Upon (i) the termination of any such Extension Period (which shall include any extensions thereof prior to the expiration of such Extension Period) and (ii) the payment of all accrued and unpaid interest and any Additional Interest then due on any Interest Payment Date, the Company may exercise its Extension Right to begin a new Extension Period with respect to future payments of interest on this Security; provided, that (i) such Extension Period does not exceed six (6) quarterly interest payment periods, (ii) no Extension Period shall end on a date other than an Interest Payment Date and (iii) no Extension Period shall extend beyond the Stated Maturity of the principal of this Security. The Company shall give the Holder of this Security and the Trustee written notice of its election to begin any such Extension Period at least one Business Day prior to the next succeeding Interest Payment Date on which interest on this Security would be payable but for such deferral or, so long as this Security is held by NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II, at least one Business Day prior to the earlier of (i) the next succeeding date on which Distributions on the Preferred Securities of NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II would be payable but for such deferral and (ii) the date on which the Property Trustee of such Trust is required to give notice to any securities exchange or other applicable self-regulatory organization or to holders of such Preferred Securities of the record date for the payment of such Distributions. During any such Extension Period, the Company shall not (i) declare or pay any dividends or distributions on, or redeem, purchase, acquire or make a liquidation payment with respect to, any of the Company's capital stock or (ii) make any payment of principal of or any interest or premium, if any, on or repay, repurchase or redeem any debt securities of the Company that rank pari passu in all respects with or junior in interest to this Security (other than (a) repurchases, redemptions or other acquisitions of shares of capital stock of the Company in connection with (1) any employment contract, benefit plan or other similar arrangement with or for the benefit of any one or more employees, officers, directors or consultants, (2) a dividend reinvestment or stockholder stock purchase plan and (3) the issuance of capital stock of the Company (or securities convertible into or exercisable for such capital stock) as consideration in an acquisition transaction entered into prior to the applicable Extension Period, (b) as a result of an exchange or conversion of any class or series of the Company's capital stock (or any capital stock of a Subsidiary of the Company) for any class or series of the Company's capital stock or 16 of any class or series of the Company's indebtedness for any class or series of the Company's capital stock, (c) the purchase of fractional interests in shares of the Company's capital stock pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of such capital stock or the security being converted or exchanged, (d) any declaration of a dividend in connection with any Rights Plan, the issuance of rights, stock or other property under any Rights Plan, or the redemption or repurchase of rights pursuant thereto or (e) any dividend in the form of stock, warrants, options or other rights where the dividend stock or the stock issuable upon exercise of such warrants, options or other rights is the same stock as that on which the dividend is being paid or ranks pari passu with or junior to such stock). Payment of principal of, premium, if any, and interest on this Security shall be made in such coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts. Payments of principal, premium, if any, and interest due at the Maturity of this Security shall be made at the Place of Payment upon surrender of such Securities to the Paying Agent, and payments of interest shall be made, subject to such surrender where applicable, by wire transfer at such place and to such account at a banking institution in the United States as may be designated in writing to the Paying Agent at least ten (10) Business Days prior to the date for payment by the Person entitled thereto unless proper written transfer instructions have not been received by the relevant record date, in which case such payments shall be made by check mailed to the address of such Person as such address shall appear in the Security Register. Notwithstanding the foregoing, so long as the Holder of this Security is the Property Trustee, the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest (including any overdue installment of interest and Additional Tax Sums, if any) on this Security will be made at such place and to such account as may be designated by the Property Trustee. The indebtedness evidenced by this Security is, to the extent provided in the Indenture, subordinate and junior in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all Senior Debt, and this Security is issued subject to the provisions of the Indenture with respect thereto. Each Holder of this Security, by accepting the same, (a) agrees to and shall be bound by such provisions, (b) authorizes and directs the Trustee on his or her behalf to take such actions as may be necessary or appropriate to effectuate the subordination so provided and (c) appoints the Trustee his or her attorney-in-fact for any and all such purposes. Each Holder hereof, by his or her acceptance hereof, waives all notice of the acceptance of the subordination provisions contained herein and in the Indenture by each holder of Senior Debt, whether now outstanding or hereafter incurred, and waives reliance by each such holder upon said provisions. Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by the Trustee by manual signature, this Security shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose. [FORM OF REVERSE OF SECURITY] This Security is one of a duly authorized issue of securities of the Company (the "Securities") issued under the Junior Subordinated Indenture, dated as of May 25, 2005 (the "Indenture"), between the Company and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as Trustee (in such capacity, the "Trustee," which term includes any successor trustee under the Indenture), to which Indenture and all indentures supplemental thereto reference is hereby made for a statement of the respective rights, limitations of rights, duties and immunities thereunder of the Company, the Trustee, the holders of Senior Debt, the Holders of the Securities and the 17 holders of the Preferred Securities, and of the terms upon which the Securities are, and are to be, authenticated and delivered. All terms used in this Security that are defined in the Indenture or in the Amended and Restated Trust Agreement, dated as of May 25, 2005 (as modified, amended or supplemented from time to time, the "Trust Agreement"), relating to the NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II (the "Trust") among the Company, as Depositor, the Trustees named therein and the Holders from time to time of the Trust Securities issued pursuant thereto, shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture or the Trust Agreement, as the case may be. The Company may, on any Interest Payment Date, at its option, upon not less than thirty (30) days' nor more than sixty (60) days' written notice to the Holders of the Securities (unless a shorter notice period shall be satisfactory to the Trustee) on or after June 30, 2010 and subject to the terms and conditions of Article XI of the Indenture, redeem this Security in whole at any time or in part from time to time at a Redemption Price equal to one hundred percent (100%) of the principal amount hereof, together, in the case of any such redemption, with accrued interest, including any Additional Interest, through but excluding the date fixed as the Redemption Date. In addition, upon the occurrence and during the continuation of a Special Event, the Company may, at its option, upon not less than thirty (30) days' nor more than sixty (60) days' written notice to the Holders of the Securities (unless a shorter notice period shall be satisfactory to the Trustee), redeem this Security, in whole but not in part, subject to the terms and conditions of Article XI of the Indenture at a Redemption Price equal to one hundred seven and one half percent (107.5%) of the principal amount hereof, together, in the case of any such redemption, with accrued interest, including any Additional Interest, through but excluding the date fixed as the Redemption Date. In the event of redemption of this Security in part only, a new Security or Securities for the unredeemed portion hereof will be issued in the name of the Holder hereof upon the cancellation hereof. If less than all the Securities are to be redeemed, the particular Securities to be redeemed shall be selected not more than sixty (60) days prior to the Redemption Date by the Trustee from the Outstanding Securities not previously called for redemption, by such method as the Trustee shall deem fair and appropriate and which may provide for the selection for redemption of a portion of the principal amount of any Security. The Indenture permits, with certain exceptions as therein provided, the Company and the Trustee at any time to enter into a supplemental indenture or indentures for the purpose of modifying in any manner the rights and obligations of the Company and of the Holders of the Securities, with the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities. The Indenture also contains provisions permitting Holders of specified percentages in principal amount of the Securities, on behalf of the Holders of all Securities, to waive compliance by the Company with certain provisions of the Indenture and certain past defaults under the Indenture and their consequences. Any such consent or waiver by the Holder of this Security shall be conclusive and binding upon such Holder and upon all future Holders of this Security and of any Security issued upon the registration of transfer hereof or in exchange herefor or in lieu hereof, whether or not notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Security. 18 No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Security or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of and any premium, if any, and interest, including any Additional Interest (to the extent legally enforceable), on this Security at the times, place and rate, and in the coin or currency, herein prescribed. As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, the transfer of this Security is restricted to transfers to "Qualified Purchasers" (as such term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended,) and is registrable in the Securities Register, upon surrender of this Security for registration of transfer at the office or agency of the Company maintained for such purpose, duly endorsed by, or accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Securities Registrar and duly executed by, the Holder hereof or such Holder's attorney duly authorized in writing, and thereupon one or more new Securities, of like tenor, of authorized denominations and for the same aggregate principal amount, will be issued to the designated transferee or transferees. The Securities are issuable only in registered form without coupons in minimum denominations of $100,000 and any integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof. As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, Securities are exchangeable for a like aggregate principal amount of Securities and of like tenor of a different authorized denomination, as requested by the Holder surrendering the same. No service charge shall be made for any such registration of transfer or exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith. The Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name this Security is registered as the owner hereof for all purposes, whether or not this Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary. The Company and, by its acceptance of this Security or a beneficial interest herein, the Holder of, and any Person that acquires a beneficial interest in, this Security agree that, for United States federal, state and local tax purposes, it is intended that this Security constitute indebtedness. THIS SECURITY SHALL BE CONSTRUED AND ENFORCED IN ACCORDANCE WITH AND GOVERNED BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAWS PROVISIONS (OTHER THAN SECTION 5-1401 OF THE GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW). 19 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be duly executed on this ____ day of __________, 20__. NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE LIMITED PARTNERSHIP BY: NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE CORP., AS GENERAL PARTNER By: ------------------------------------ Name: Title: SECTION 2.2. Restricted Legend. (a) Any Security issued hereunder shall bear a legend in substantially the following form: "[IF THIS SECURITY IS A GLOBAL SECURITY INSERT: THIS SECURITY IS A GLOBAL SECURITY WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE INDENTURE HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY ("DTC") OR A NOMINEE OF DTC. THIS SECURITY IS EXCHANGEABLE FOR SECURITIES REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF A PERSON OTHER THAN DTC OR ITS NOMINEE ONLY IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN THE INDENTURE, AND NO TRANSFER OF THIS SECURITY (OTHER THAN A TRANSFER OF THIS SECURITY AS A WHOLE BY DTC TO A NOMINEE OF DTC OR BY A NOMINEE OF DTC TO DTC OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF DTC) MAY BE REGISTERED EXCEPT IN LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES. UNLESS THIS SECURITY IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC TO THE ISSUER OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY SECURITY ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT HEREON IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.] THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE WERE ORIGINALLY ISSUED IN A TRANSACTION EXEMPT FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE "SECURITIES ACT"), AND SUCH SECURITIES, AND ANY INTEREST THEREIN, MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED IN THE ABSENCE OF SUCH REGISTRATION OR AN APPLICABLE EXEMPTION THEREFROM. EACH 20 PURCHASER OF ANY SECURITIES IS HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT THE SELLER OF THE SECURITIES MAY BE RELYING ON THE EXEMPTION FROM THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 5 OF THE SECURITIES ACT PROVIDED BY RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT. THE HOLDER OF THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE AGREES FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE COMPANY THAT (A) SUCH SECURITIES MAY BE OFFERED, RESOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED ONLY (I) TO THE COMPANY OR (II) TO A PERSON WHOM THE SELLER REASONABLY BELIEVES IS A "QUALIFIED PURCHASER" (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 2(a)(51) OF THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940, AS AMENDED), AND (B) THE HOLDER WILL NOTIFY ANY PURCHASER OF ANY SECURITIES FROM IT OF THE RESALE RESTRICTIONS REFERRED TO IN (A) ABOVE. THE SECURITIES WILL BE ISSUED AND MAY BE TRANSFERRED ONLY IN BLOCKS HAVING AN AGGREGATE PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF NOT LESS THAN $100,000. TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ANY ATTEMPTED TRANSFER OF SECURITIES, OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN, IN A BLOCK HAVING AN AGGREGATE PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF LESS THAN $100,000 AND MULTIPLES OF $1,000 IN EXCESS THEREOF SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE VOID AND OF NO LEGAL EFFECT WHATSOEVER. TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ANY SUCH PURPORTED TRANSFEREE SHALL BE DEEMED NOT TO BE THE HOLDER OF SUCH SECURITIES FOR ANY PURPOSE, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE RECEIPT OF PRINCIPAL OF OR INTEREST ON SUCH SECURITIES, OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN, AND SUCH PURPORTED TRANSFEREE SHALL BE DEEMED TO HAVE NO INTEREST WHATSOEVER IN SUCH SECURITIES. THE HOLDER OF THIS SECURITY, OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN, BY ITS ACCEPTANCE HEREOF OR THEREOF ALSO AGREES, REPRESENTS AND WARRANTS THAT IT IS NOT AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT, INDIVIDUAL RETIREMENT ACCOUNT OR OTHER PLAN OR ARRANGEMENT SUBJECT TO TITLE I OF THE EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY ACT OF 1974, AS AMENDED ("ERISA"), OR SECTION 4975 OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED (THE "CODE") (EACH A "PLAN"), OR AN ENTITY WHOSE UNDERLYING ASSETS INCLUDE "PLAN ASSETS" BY REASON OF ANY PLAN'S INVESTMENT IN THE ENTITY, AND NO PERSON INVESTING "PLAN ASSETS" OF ANY PLAN MAY ACQUIRE OR HOLD THIS SECURITY OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN. ANY PURCHASER OR HOLDER OF THE SECURITIES OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN WILL BE DEEMED TO HAVE REPRESENTED BY ITS PURCHASE AND HOLDING THEREOF THAT IT IS NOT AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN WITHIN THE MEANING OF SECTION 3(3) OF ERISA, OR A PLAN TO WHICH SECTION 4975 OF THE CODE IS APPLICABLE, A TRUSTEE OR OTHER PERSON ACTING ON BEHALF OF AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN OR PLAN, OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY USING THE ASSETS OF ANY EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN OR PLAN TO FINANCE SUCH PURCHASE." 21 (b) The above legends shall not be removed from any Security unless there is delivered to the Company satisfactory evidence, which may include an Opinion of Counsel, as may be reasonably required to ensure that any future transfers thereof may be made without restriction under or violation of the provisions of the Securities Act and other applicable law. Upon provision of such satisfactory evidence, the Company shall execute and deliver to the Trustee, and the Trustee shall deliver, upon receipt of a Company Order directing it to do so, a Security that does not bear the legend. SECTION 2.3. Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication. The Trustee's certificate of authentication shall be in substantially the following form: This is one of the Securities referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture. Dated: JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, National Association, not in its individual capacity, but solely as Trustee By: ------------------------------------ Authorized signatory SECTION 2.4. Temporary Securities. (a) Pending the preparation of definitive Securities, the Company may execute, and upon Company Order the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, temporary Securities that are printed, lithographed, typewritten, mimeographed or otherwise produced, in any denomination, substantially of the tenor of the definitive Securities in lieu of which they are issued and with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as the officers executing such Securities may determine, as evidenced by their execution of such Securities. (b) If temporary Securities are issued, the Company will cause definitive Securities to be prepared without unreasonable delay. After the preparation of definitive Securities, the temporary Securities shall be exchangeable for definitive Securities upon surrender of the temporary Securities at the office or agency of the Company designated for that purpose without charge to the Holder. Upon surrender for cancellation of any one or more temporary Securities, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor one or more definitive Securities of any authorized denominations having the same Original Issue Date and Stated Maturity and having the same terms as such temporary Securities. Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Securities. SECTION 2.5. Definitive Securities. The Securities issued on the Original Issue Date shall be in definitive form. The definitive Securities shall be printed, lithographed or engraved, or produced by any combination 22 of these methods, if required by any securities exchange on which the Securities may be listed, on a steel engraved border or steel engraved borders or may be produced in any other manner permitted by the rules of any securities exchange on which the Securities may be listed, all as determined by the officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution of such Securities. ARTICLE III THE SECURITIES SECTION 3.1. Payment of Principal and Interest. (a) The unpaid principal amount of the Securities shall bear interest at a fixed rate equal to 7.74% per annum through the interest payment date in June 2015 and thereafter at a variable rate of LIBOR plus 3.25% per annum until paid or duly provided for, such interest to accrue from the Original Issue Date or from the most recent Interest Payment Date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for, and any overdue principal, premium, if any, or Additional Tax Sums and any overdue installment of interest shall bear Additional Interest at the rate equal to a fixed rate equal to 7.74% per annum through the interest payment date in June 2015 and thereafter at a variable rate of LIBOR plus 3.25% per annum, compounded quarterly from the dates such amounts are due until they are paid or funds for the payment thereof are made available for payment. (b) Interest and Additional Interest on any Security that is payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date shall be paid to the Person in whose name that Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest, except that interest and any Additional Interest payable on the Stated Maturity (or any date of principal repayment upon early maturity) of the principal of a Security or on a Redemption Date shall be paid to the Person to whom principal is paid. The initial payment of interest on any Security that is issued between a Regular Record Date and the related Interest Payment Date shall be payable as provided in such Security. (c) Any interest on any Security that is due and payable, but is not timely paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date for Securities (herein called "Defaulted Interest") shall forthwith cease to be payable to the registered Holder on the relevant Regular Record Date by virtue of having been such Holder, and such Defaulted Interest may be paid by the Company, at its election in each case, as provided in paragraph (i) or (ii) below: (i) The Company may elect to make payment of any Defaulted Interest to the Persons in whose names the Securities (or their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest (a "Special Record Date"), which shall be fixed in the following manner. At least thirty (30) days prior to the date of the proposed payment, the Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of Defaulted Interest proposed to be paid on each Security and the date of the proposed payment, and at the same time the Company shall deposit with the Trustee an amount of money equal to the aggregate amount proposed to be paid in respect of such Defaulted Interest or shall make arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit prior to the date of the proposed 23 payment, such money when deposited to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest. Thereupon the Trustee shall fix a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest, which shall be not more than fifteen (15) days and not less than ten (10) days prior to the date of the proposed payment and not less than ten (10) days after the receipt by the Trustee of the notice of the proposed payment. The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company of such Special Record Date and, in the name and at the expense of the Company, shall cause notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date therefor to be mailed, first class, postage prepaid, to each Holder of a Security at the address of such Holder as it appears in the Securities Register not less than ten (10) days prior to such Special Record Date. Notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date therefor having been so mailed, such Defaulted Interest shall be paid to the Persons in whose names the Securities (or their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered on such Special Record Date; or (ii) The Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange or automated quotation system on which the Securities may be listed, traded or quoted and, upon such notice as may be required by such exchange or automated quotation system (or by the Trustee if the Securities are not listed), if, after notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant to this clause, such payment shall be deemed practicable by the Trustee. (d) Payments of interest on the Securities shall include interest accrued to but excluding the respective Interest Payment Dates. During the period when the interest rate is a fixed interest rate, interest payments for the Securities shall be computed and paid on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve (12) thirty (30)-day months and, thereafter, interest payments for the Securities shall be computed and paid on the basis of shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year and the actual number of days elapsed in the relevant period. (e) Payment of principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Securities shall be made in such coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts. Payments of principal, premium, if any, and interest due at the Maturity of such Securities shall be made at the Place of Payment upon surrender of such Securities to the Paying Agent and payments of interest shall be made subject to such surrender where applicable, by wire transfer at such place and to such account at a banking institution in the United States as may be designated in writing to the Paying Agent at least ten (10) Business Days prior to the date for payment by the Person entitled thereto unless proper written transfer instructions have not been received by the relevant record date, in which case such payments shall be made by check mailed to the address of such Person as such address shall appear in the Security Register. Notwithstanding the foregoing, so long as the holder of this Security is the Property Trustee, the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest (including any overdue installment of interest and Additional Tax Sums, if any) on this Security will be made at such place and to such account as may be designated by the Property Trustee. (f) Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section 3.1, each Security delivered under this Indenture upon transfer of or in exchange for or in lieu of any other Security shall 24 carry the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, that were carried by such other Security. SECTION 3.2. Denominations. The Securities shall be in registered form without coupons and shall be issuable in minimum denominations of $100,000 and any integral multiple of $1,000 in excess thereof. SECTION 3.3. Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating. (a) At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities in an aggregate principal amount (including all then Outstanding Securities) not in excess of Twenty Five Million Seven Hundred Eighty Thousand Dollars ($25,780,000) executed by the Company to the Trustee for authentication, together with a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of such Securities, and the Trustee in accordance with the Company Order shall authenticate and deliver such Securities. In authenticating such Securities, and accepting the additional responsibilities under this Indenture in relation to such Securities, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and shall be fully protected in relying upon: (i) a copy of any Board Resolution relating thereto; and (ii) an Opinion of Counsel stating that: (1) such Securities, when authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and issued by the Company in the manner and subject to any conditions specified in such Opinion of Counsel, will constitute, and the Indenture constitutes, valid and legally binding obligations of the Company, each enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors' rights and to general equity principles; (2) the Securities have been duly authorized and executed by the Company and have been delivered to the Trustee for authentication in accordance with this Indenture; (3) the Securities are not required to be registered under the Securities Act; and (4) the Indenture is not required to be qualified under the Trust Indenture Act. (b) The Securities shall be executed on behalf of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, its Vice Chairman of the Board, its Chief Executive Officer, its President or one of its Vice Presidents. The signature of any of these officers on the Securities may be manual or facsimile. Securities bearing the manual or facsimile signatures of individuals who were at any time the proper officers of the Company shall bind the Company, notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them have ceased to hold such offices prior to the authentication and delivery of such Securities or did not hold such offices at the date of such Securities. (c) No Security shall be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose, unless there appears on such Security a certificate of authentication substantially in the form provided for herein executed by the Trustee by the manual signature of one of its authorized signatories, and such certificate upon any Security shall be conclusive evidence, and the only evidence, that such Security has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any Security shall have been authenticated and delivered hereunder but never issued and sold by the Company, and the Company shall deliver 25 such Security to the Trustee for cancellation as provided in Section 3.8, for all purposes of this Indenture such Security shall be deemed never to have been authenticated and delivered hereunder and shall never be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture. (d) Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication. SECTION 3.4. Global Securities. (a) Upon the election of the Holder after the Original Issue Date, which election need not be in writing, the Securities owned by such Holder shall be issued in the form of one or more Global Securities registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee. Each Global Security issued under this Indenture shall be registered in the name of the Depositary designated by the Company for such Global Security or a nominee thereof and delivered to such Depositary or a nominee thereof or custodian therefor, and each such Global Security shall constitute a single Security for all purposes of this Indenture. (b) Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, no Global Security may be exchanged in whole or in part for registered Securities, and no transfer of a Global Security in whole or in part may be registered, in the name of any Person other than the Depositary for such Global Security or a nominee thereof unless (i) such Depositary advises the Trustee and the Company in writing that such Depositary is no longer willing or able to properly discharge its responsibilities as Depositary with respect to such Global Security, and no qualified successor is appointed by the Company within ninety (90) days of receipt by the Company of such notice, (ii) such Depositary ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act and no successor is appointed by the Company within ninety (90) days after obtaining knowledge of such event, (iii) the Company executes and delivers to the Trustee a Company Order stating that the Company elects to terminate the book-entry system through the Depositary or (iv) an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing. Upon the occurrence of any event specified in clause (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv) above, the Trustee shall notify the Depositary and instruct the Depositary to notify all owners of beneficial interests in such Global Security of the occurrence of such event and of the availability of Securities to such owners of beneficial interests requesting the same. The Trustee may conclusively rely, and be protected in relying, upon the written identification of the owners of beneficial interests furnished by the Depositary, and shall not be liable for any delay resulting from a delay by the Depositary. Upon the issuance of such Securities and the registration in the Securities Register of such Securities in the names of the Holders of the beneficial interests therein, the Trustees shall recognize such holders of beneficial interests as Holders. (c) If any Global Security is to be exchanged for other Securities or canceled in part, or if another Security is to be exchanged in whole or in part for a beneficial interest in any Global Security, then either (i) such Global Security shall be so surrendered for exchange or cancellation as provided in this Article III or (ii) the principal amount thereof shall be reduced or increased by an amount equal to (x) the portion thereof to be so exchanged or canceled, or (y) the principal amount of such other Security to be so exchanged for a beneficial interest therein, as the case may be, by means of an appropriate adjustment made on the records of the Securities Registrar, whereupon the Trustee, in accordance with the Applicable Depositary Procedures, shall instruct the Depositary or its authorized representative to make a corresponding adjustment to its records. Upon any such surrender or adjustment of a Global Security by the Depositary, 26 accompanied by registration instructions, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver any Securities issuable in exchange for such Global Security (or any portion thereof) in accordance with the instructions of the Depositary. The Trustee shall not be liable for any delay in delivery of such instructions and may conclusively rely on, and shall be fully protected in relying on, such instructions. (d) Every Security authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for or in lieu of, a Global Security or any portion thereof shall be authenticated and delivered in the form of, and shall be, a Global Security, unless such Security is registered in the name of a Person other than the Depositary for such Global Security or a nominee thereof. (e) Securities distributed to holders of Book-Entry Preferred Securities (as defined in the applicable Trust Agreement) upon the dissolution of the Trust shall be distributed in the form of one or more Global Securities registered in the name of a Depositary or its nominee, and deposited with the Securities Registrar, as custodian for such Depositary, or with such Depositary, for credit by the Depositary to the respective accounts of the beneficial owners of the Securities represented thereby (or such other accounts as they may direct). Securities distributed to holders of Preferred Securities other than Book-Entry Preferred Securities upon the dissolution of the Trust shall not be issued in the form of a Global Security or any other form intended to facilitate book-entry trading in beneficial interests in such Securities. (f) The Depositary or its nominee, as the registered owner of a Global Security, shall be the Holder of such Global Security for all purposes under this Indenture and the Securities, and owners of beneficial interests in a Global Security shall hold such interests pursuant to the Applicable Depositary Procedures. Accordingly, any such owner's beneficial interest in a Global Security shall be shown only on, and the transfer of such interest shall be effected only through, records maintained by the Depositary or its nominee or its Depositary Participants. The Securities Registrar and the Trustee shall be entitled to deal with the Depositary for all purposes of this Indenture relating to a Global Security (including the payment of principal and interest thereon and the giving of instructions or directions by owners of beneficial interests therein and the giving of notices) as the sole Holder of the Security and shall have no obligations to the owners of beneficial interests therein. Neither the Trustee nor the Securities Registrar shall have any liability in respect of any transfers effected by the Depositary. (g) The rights of owners of beneficial interests in a Global Security shall be exercised only through the Depositary and shall be limited to those established by law and agreements between such owners and the Depositary and/or its Depositary Participants. (h) No holder of any beneficial interest in any Global Security held on its behalf by a Depositary shall have any rights under this Indenture with respect to such Global Security, and such Depositary may be treated by the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee as the owner of such Global Security for all purposes whatsoever. None of the Company, the Trustee nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests of a Global Security or maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall prevent the Company, the Trustee or any agent of the Company or the Trustee from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by a Depositary or 27 impair, as between a Depositary and such holders of beneficial interests, the operation of customary practices governing the exercise of the rights of the Depositary (or its nominee) as Holder of any Security. SECTION 3.5. Registration, Transfer and Exchange Generally. (a) The Trustee shall cause to be kept at the Corporate Trust Office a register (the "Securities Register") in which the registrar and transfer agent with respect to the Securities (the "Securities Registrar"), subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, shall provide for the registration of Securities and of transfers and exchanges of Securities. The Trustee shall at all times also be the Securities Registrar. The provisions of Article VI shall apply to the Trustee in its role as Securities Registrar. (b) Subject to compliance with Section 2.2(b), upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Security at the offices or agencies of the Company designated for that purpose the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Securities of any authorized denominations of like tenor and aggregate principal amount. (c) At the option of the Holder, Securities may be exchanged for other Securities of any authorized denominations, of like tenor and aggregate principal amount, upon surrender of the Securities to be exchanged at such office or agency. Whenever any Securities are so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, the Securities that the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive. (d) All Securities issued upon any transfer or exchange of Securities shall be the valid obligations of the Company, evidencing the same debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities surrendered upon such transfer or exchange. (e) Every Security presented or surrendered for transfer or exchange shall (if so required by the Company or the Trustee) be duly endorsed, or be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Securities Registrar, duly executed by the Holder thereof or such Holder's attorney duly authorized in writing. (f) No service charge shall be made to a Holder for any transfer or exchange of Securities, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any transfer or exchange of Securities. (g) Neither the Company nor the Trustee shall be required pursuant to the provisions of this Section 3.5 (g): (i) to issue, register the transfer of or exchange any Security during a period beginning at the opening of business fifteen (15) days before the day of selection for redemption of Securities pursuant to Article XI and ending at the close of business on the day of mailing of the notice of redemption or (ii) to register the transfer of or exchange any Security so selected for redemption in whole or in part, except, in the case of any such Security to be redeemed in part, any portion thereof not to be redeemed. (h) The Company shall designate an office or offices or agency or agencies where Securities may be surrendered for registration or transfer or exchange. The Company initially 28 designates the Corporate Trust Office as its office and agency for such purposes. The Company shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee and to the Holders of any change in the location of any such office or agency. (i) The Securities may only be transferred to a "Qualified Purchaser" as such term is defined in Section 2(a)(51) of the Investment Company Act. SECTION 3.6. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities. (a) If any mutilated Security is surrendered to the Trustee together with such security or indemnity as may be required by the Trustee to save the Company and the Trustee harmless, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a new Security of like tenor and aggregate principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding. (b) If there shall be delivered to the Trustee (i) evidence to its satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security and (ii) such security or indemnity as may be required by it to save each of the Company and the Trustee harmless, then, in the absence of notice to the Company or the Trustee that such Security has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute and upon its written request the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Security, a new Security of like tenor and aggregate principal amount as such destroyed, lost or stolen Security, and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding. (c) If any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security has become or is about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may, instead of issuing a new Security, pay such Security. (d) Upon the issuance of any new Security under this Section 3.6, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith. (e) Every new Security issued pursuant to this Section 3.6 in lieu of any mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall constitute an original additional contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities duly issued hereunder. (f) The provisions of this Section 3.6 are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities. SECTION 3.7. Persons Deemed Owners. The Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall treat the Person in whose name any Security is registered as the owner of such Security for the purpose of receiving payment of principal of and any interest on such Security and for all other purposes 29 whatsoever, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be affected by notice to the contrary. SECTION 3.8. Cancellation. All Securities surrendered for payment, redemption, transfer or exchange shall, if surrendered to any Person other than the Trustee, be delivered to the Trustee, and any such Securities and Securities surrendered directly to the Trustee for any such purpose shall be promptly canceled by it. The Company may at any time deliver to the Trustee for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated and delivered hereunder that the Company may have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and all Securities so delivered shall be promptly canceled by the Trustee. No Securities shall be authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any Securities canceled as provided in this Section 3.8, except as expressly permitted by this Indenture. All canceled Securities shall be retained or disposed of by the Trustee in accordance with its customary practices and the Trustee shall deliver to the Company a certificate of such disposition. SECTION 3.9. Deferrals of Interest Payment Dates. (a) So long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, after October 12, 2006, the Company shall have the right, at any time and from time to time during the term of this Security, to defer the payment of interest on this Security for a period of up to six (6) consecutive quarterly interest payment periods (such right to defer, the "Extension Right" and each such period, including any extensions thereof prior to the expiration of such period, an "Extension Period"), during which Extension Period(s), no interest shall be due and payable (except any Additional Tax Sums that may be due and payable); provided, that the Company shall not be entitled to exercise its Extension Right so that it would be able to defer the payment of interest on this Security for more than six (6) quarterly interest payment periods during the term of this Security; provided, further, that, after the expiration of any Extension Period, the Company may not exercise its Extension Right to begin any subsequent Extension Period until it pays all interest then accrued and unpaid on this Security, together with such Additional Interest, prior to beginning such subsequent Extension Period. No Extension Period shall end on a date other than an Interest Payment Date and no Extension Period shall extend beyond the Stated Maturity of the principal of the Securities. No interest shall be due and payable during an Extension Period, except at the end thereof, but each installment of interest that would otherwise have been due and payable during such Extension Period shall bear Additional Interest (to the extent payment of such interest would be legally enforceable) at the rate equal to a fixed rate equal to 7.74% per annum through the interest payment date in June 2015 and thereafter at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.25% per annum compounded quarterly, from the dates on which amounts would have otherwise been due and payable until paid or until funds for the payment thereof have been made available for payment. At the end of any such Extension Period (which shall include any extensions thereof prior to the expiration of such Extension Period), the Company shall pay all interest then accrued and unpaid on the Securities together with such Additional Interest. Prior to the termination of any such Extension Period, the Company may extend such Extension Period and further defer the payment of interest; provided, that (i) all such previous and further extensions comprising such Extension Period do not exceed six (6) quarterly interest payment periods, (ii) no Extension Period shall end on a date other than an Interest Payment Date and (iii) no Extension Period shall extend beyond the Stated Maturity 30 of the principal of the Securities. Upon (i) the termination of any such Extension Period (which shall include any extensions thereof prior to the expiration of such Extension Period) and (ii) the payment of all accrued and unpaid interest and any Additional Interest then due on any Interest Payment Date, the Company may exercise its Extension Right to begin a new Extension Period with respect to future payments of interest on this Security; provided, that (i) such Extension Period does not exceed six (6) quarterly interest payment periods, (ii) no Extension Period shall end on a date other than an Interest Payment Date and (iii) no Extension Period shall extend beyond the Stated Maturity of the principal of the Securities. The Company shall give the Holders of the Securities and the Trustee written notice of its election to begin any such Extension Period at least one Business Day prior to the next succeeding Interest Payment Date on which interest on the Securities would be payable but for such deferral or, so long as any Securities are held by the Trust, at least one Business Day prior to the earlier of (i) the next succeeding date on which Distributions on the Preferred Securities of such Trust would be payable but for such deferral and (ii) the date on which the Property Trustee of such Trust is required to give notice to any securities exchange or other applicable self-regulatory organization or to holders of such Preferred Securities of the record date for the payment of such Distributions. (b) In connection with any such Extension Period, the Company shall be subject to the restrictions set forth in Section 10.6(a). SECTION 3.10. Agreed Tax Treatment. Each Security issued hereunder shall provide that the Company and, by its acceptance or acquisition of a Security or a beneficial interest therein, the Holder of, and any Person that acquires a direct or indirect beneficial interest in, such Security, intend and agree to treat such Security as indebtedness of the Company for United States Federal, state and local tax purposes and to treat the Preferred Securities (including but not limited to all payments and proceeds with respect to the Preferred Securities) as an undivided beneficial ownership interest in the Securities (and any other Trust property) (and payments and proceeds therefrom, respectively) for United States Federal, state and local tax purposes. The provisions of this Indenture shall be interpreted to further this intention and agreement of the parties. SECTION 3.11. CUSIP Numbers. The Company in issuing the Securities may use "CUSIP" numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use "CUSIP" numbers in notices of redemption and other similar or related materials as a convenience to Holders; provided, that any such notice or other materials may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of redemption or other materials and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers. 31 ARTICLE IV SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE SECTION 4.1. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture. This Indenture shall, upon Company Request, cease to be of further effect (except as to any surviving rights of registration of transfer or exchange of Securities herein expressly provided for and as otherwise provided in this Section 4.1) and the Trustee, on demand of and at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, when (a) either (i) all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than (A) Securities that have been mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen and that have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 3.6 and (B) Securities for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Company and thereafter repaid to the Company or discharged from such trust as provided in Section 10.2) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or (ii) all such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation (A) have become due and payable, or (B) will become due and payable at their Stated Maturity within one year of the date of deposit, or (C) are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company, and the Company, in the case of subclause (ii)(A), (B) or (C) above, has deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust for such purpose (x) an amount in the currency or currencies in which the Securities are payable, (y) Government Obligations which through the scheduled payment of principal and interest in respect thereof in accordance with their terms will provide, not later than the due date of any payment, money in an amount or (z) a combination thereof, in each case sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for principal and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest) to the date of such deposit (in the case of Securities that have become due and payable) or to the Stated Maturity (or any date of principal repayment upon early maturity) or Redemption Date, as the case may be; (b) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company; and 32 (c) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel each stating that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture have been complied with. Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section 6.6, the obligations of the Company to any Authenticating Agent under Section 6.11 and, if money shall have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to subclause (a)(ii) of this Section 4.1, the obligations of the Trustee under Section 4.2 and Section 10.2(e) shall survive. SECTION 4.2. Application of Trust Money. Subject to the provisions of Section 10.2(e), all money deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 4.1 shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities and this Indenture, to the payment in accordance with Section 3.1, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Persons entitled thereto, of the principal and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest) for the payment of which such money or obligations have been deposited with or received by the Trustee. Moneys held by the Trustee under this Section 4.2 shall not be subject to the claims of holders of Senior Debt under Article XII. ARTICLE V REMEDIES SECTION 5.1. Events of Default. "Event of Default" means, wherever used herein with respect to the Securities, any one of the following events (whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether it shall be voluntary or involuntary or be effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body): (a) default in the payment of any interest upon any Security, including any Additional Interest in respect thereof, when it becomes due and payable, and continuance of such default for a period of thirty (30) days (subject to the deferral of any due date in the case of an Extension Period); or (b) default in the payment of the principal of or any premium on any Security at its Maturity; or (c) default in the performance, or breach, of any covenant or warranty of the Company in this Indenture and continuance of such default or breach for a period of thirty (30) days after there has been given, by registered or certified mail, to the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by the Holders of at least twenty five percent (25%) in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities a written notice specifying such default or breach and requiring it to be remedied and stating that such notice is a "Notice of Default" hereunder; 33 (d) the entry by a court having jurisdiction in the premises of a decree or order adjudging the Company a bankrupt or insolvent, or approving as properly filed a petition seeking reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition of or in respect of the Company under any applicable Federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar law, or appointing a custodian, receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator or other similar official of the Company or of any substantial part of its property, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of its affairs, and the continuance of any such decree or order for relief or any such other decree or order unstayed and in effect for a period of sixty (60) consecutive days; (e) the institution by the Company of proceedings to be adjudicated a bankrupt or insolvent, or the consent by the Company to the institution of bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings against it, or the filing by the Company of a petition or answer or consent seeking reorganization or relief under any applicable Federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar law, or the consent by it to the filing of such petition or to the appointment of or taking possession by a custodian, receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator or other similar official of the Company or of any substantial part of its property, or the making by it of an assignment for the benefit of creditors, or the admission by it in writing of its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due and its willingness to be adjudicated a bankrupt or insolvent, or the taking of corporate action by the Company in furtherance of any such action; or (f) the Trust shall have voluntarily or involuntarily liquidated, dissolved, wound-up its business or otherwise terminated its existence, except in connection with (1) the distribution of the Securities to holders of the Preferred Securities in liquidation of their interests in the Trust, (2) the redemption of all of the outstanding Preferred Securities or (3) certain mergers, consolidations or amalgamations, each as and to the extent permitted by the Trust Agreement. SECTION 5.2. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment. (a) If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, then and in every such case the Trustee or the Holders of not less than twenty five percent (25%) in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities may declare the principal amount of all the Securities to be due and payable immediately, by a notice in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by Holders), provided, that if, upon an Event of Default, the Trustee or the Holders of not less than twenty five percent (25%) in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities fail to declare the principal of all the Outstanding Securities to be immediately due and payable, the holders of at least twenty five percent (25%) in aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities then outstanding shall have the right to make such declaration by a notice in writing to the Property Trustee, the Company and the Trustee; and upon any such declaration the principal amount of and the accrued interest (including any Additional Interest) on all the Securities shall become immediately due and payable. (b) At any time after such a declaration of acceleration with respect to Securities has been made and before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained by the Trustee as hereinafter provided in this Article V, the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities, by written notice to the Indenture Trustee, or the holders of a majority in aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities, by written 34 notice to the Property Trustee, the Company and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences if: (i) the Company has paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay: (A) all overdue installments of interest on all Securities, (B) any accrued Additional Interest on all Securities, (C) the principal of and any premium on any Securities that have become due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration and interest (including any Additional Interest) thereon at the rate borne by the Securities, and (D) all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee hereunder and the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, the Property Trustee and their agents and counsel; and (ii) all Events of Default with respect to Securities, other than the non-payment of the principal of Securities that has become due solely by such acceleration, have been cured or waived as provided in Section 5.13; provided, that if the Holders of such Securities fail to annul such declaration and waive such default, the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities then outstanding shall also have the right to rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences by written notice to the Property Trustee, the Company and the Trustee, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in paragraph (b) of this Section 5.2. No such rescission shall affect any subsequent default or impair any right consequent thereon. SECTION 5.3. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee. (a) The Company covenants that if: (i) default is made in the payment of any installment of interest (including any Additional Interest) on any Security when such interest becomes due and payable and such default continues for a period of thirty (30) days, or (ii) default is made in the payment of the principal of and any premium on any Security at the Maturity thereof, the Company will, upon demand of the Trustee, pay to the Trustee, for the benefit of the Holders of such Securities, the whole amount then due and payable on such Securities for principal and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest) and, in addition thereto, all amounts owing the Trustee under Section 6.6. (b) If the Company fails to pay such amounts forthwith upon such demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, may institute a judicial proceeding for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, and may prosecute such proceeding to judgment or final decree, and may enforce the same against the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities and collect the moneys adjudged or decreed to be payable in the manner provided by 35 law out of the property of the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities, wherever situated. (c) If an Event of Default with respect to Securities occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the Holders of Securities by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy. SECTION 5.4. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim. In case of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, composition or similar judicial proceeding relative to the Company (or any other obligor upon the Securities), its property or its creditors, the Trustee shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise, to take any and all actions authorized hereunder in order to have claims of the Holders and the Trustee allowed in any such proceeding. In particular, the Trustee shall be authorized to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same; and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to the Trustee and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to first pay to the Trustee any amount due it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts owing the Trustee, any predecessor Trustee and other Persons under Section 6.6. SECTION 5.5. Trustee May Enforce Claim Without Possession of Securities. All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or the Securities may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the Securities or the production thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, subject to Article XII and after provision for the payment of all the amounts owing the Trustee, any predecessor Trustee and other Persons under Section 6.6, be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities in respect of which such judgment has been recovered. SECTION 5.6. Application of Money Collected. Any money or property collected or to be applied by the Trustee with respect to the Securities pursuant to this Article V shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such money or property on account of principal or any premium or interest (including any Additional Interest), upon presentation of the Securities and the notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon surrender thereof if fully paid: FIRST: To the payment of all amounts due the Trustee, any predecessor Trustee and other Persons under Section 6.6; 36 SECOND: To the payment of all Senior Debt of the Company if and to the extent required by Article XII; THIRD: Subject to Article XII, to the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid upon the Securities for principal and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest) in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on the Securities for principal and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest), respectively; and FOURTH: The balance, if any, to the Person or Persons entitled thereto. SECTION 5.7. Limitation on Suits. Subject to Section 5.8, no Holder of any Securities shall have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture or for the appointment of a custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator (or other similar official) or for any other remedy hereunder, unless: (a) such Holder has previously given written notice to the Trustee of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities; (b) the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities shall have made written request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder; (c) such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee reasonable indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in compliance with such request; (d) the Trustee after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such proceeding for sixty (60) days; and (e) no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Trustee during such sixty (60)-day period by the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities; it being understood and intended that no one or more of such Holders shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing itself of, any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other Holders of Securities, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any other of such Holders or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all such Holders. SECTION 5.8. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal, Premium, if any, and Interest; Direct Action by Holders of Preferred Securities. Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, the Holder of any Security shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional, to receive payment of the principal of and any premium on such Security at its Maturity and payment of interest (including any Additional Interest) on such Security when due and payable and to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment, and such right shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder. Any 37 registered holder of the Preferred Securities shall have the right, upon the occurrence of an Event of Default described in Section 5.1(a) or Section 5.1(b), to institute a suit directly against the Company for enforcement of payment to such holder of principal of and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest) on the Securities having a principal amount equal to the aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities held by such holder. SECTION 5.9. Restoration of Rights and Remedies. If the Trustee, any Holder or any holder of Preferred Securities has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee, such Holder or such holder of Preferred Securities, then and in every such case the Company, the Trustee, such Holders and such holder of Preferred Securities shall, subject to any determination in such proceeding, be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder, and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee, such Holder and such holder of Preferred Securities shall continue as though no such proceeding had been instituted. SECTION 5.10. Rights and Remedies Cumulative. Except as otherwise provided in Section 3.6(f), no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy. SECTION 5.11. Delay or Omission Not Waiver. No delay or omission of the Trustee, any Holder of any Securities or any holder of any Preferred Security to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article V or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders and the right and remedy given to the holders of Preferred Securities by Section 5.8 may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee, the Holders or the holders of Preferred Securities, as the case may be. SECTION 5.12. Control by Holders. The Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities (or, as the case may be, the holders of a majority in aggregate Liquidation Amount of Preferred Securities) shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee; provided, that: (a) such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture, (b) the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee that is not inconsistent with such direction, and 38 (c) subject to the provisions of Section 6.2, the Trustee shall have the right to decline to follow such direction if a Responsible Officer or Officers of the Trustee shall, in good faith, reasonably determine that the proceeding so directed would be unjustly prejudicial to the Holders not joining in any such direction or would involve the Trustee in personal liability. SECTION 5.13. Waiver of Past Defaults. (a) The Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities or the holders of not less than a majority in aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities may waive any past Event of Default hereunder and its consequences except an Event of Default: (i) in the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest (including any Additional Interest) on any Outstanding Security (unless such Event of Default has been cured and the Company has paid to or deposited with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay all installments of interest (including any Additional Interest) due and past due and all principal of and any premium on all Securities due otherwise than by acceleration), or (ii) in respect of a covenant or provision hereof that under Article IX cannot be modified or amended without the consent of each Holder of any Outstanding Security. (b) Any such waiver shall be deemed to be on behalf of the Holders of all the Outstanding Securities or, in the case of a waiver by holders of Preferred Securities issued by such Trust, by all holders of Preferred Securities. (c) Upon any such waiver, such Event of Default shall cease to exist and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon. SECTION 5.14. Undertaking for Costs. All parties to this Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Security by his or her acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section 5.14 shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Holder, or group of Holders, holding in the aggregate more than ten percent (10%) in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities, or to any suit instituted by any Holder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of or any premium on the Security after the Stated Maturity or any interest (including any Additional Interest) on any Security after it is due and payable. 39 SECTION 5.15. Waiver of Usury, Stay or Extension Laws. The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon, or plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any usury, stay or extension law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and the Company (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted. ARTICLE VI THE TRUSTEE SECTION 6.1. Corporate Trustee Required. There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder with respect to the Securities. The Trustee shall be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States or of any state thereof, authorized to exercise corporate trust powers, having a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000, subject to supervision or examination by Federal or state authority and having an office within the United States. If such corporation publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of such supervising or examining authority, then, for the purposes of this Section 6.1, the combined capital and surplus of such corporation shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section 6.1, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article VI. SECTION 6.2. Certain Duties and Responsibilities. Except during the continuance of an Event of Default: (i) the Trustee undertakes to perform such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee; and (ii) in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture; provided, that in the case of any such certificates or opinions that by any provision hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether or not they substantially conform on their face to the requirements of this Indenture. (b) If an Event of Default known to the Trustee has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall, prior to the receipt of directions, if any, from the Holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities (or, if applicable, from the holders of at least a majority in aggregate Liquidation Amount of Preferred Securities), exercise such of the 40 rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in its exercise, as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of such person's own affairs. (c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, no provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it. Whether or not therein expressly so provided, every provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or affording protection to the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this Section 6.2. To the extent that, at law or in equity, the Trustee has duties and liabilities relating to the Holders, the Trustee shall not be liable to any Holder or any holder of Preferred Securities for the Trustee's good faith reliance on the provisions of this Indenture. The provisions of this Indenture, to the extent that they restrict the duties and liabilities of the Trustee otherwise existing at law or in equity, are agreed by the Company and the Holders and the holders of Preferred Securities to replace such other duties and liabilities of the Trustee. (d) No provisions of this Indenture shall be construed to relieve the Trustee from liability with respect to matters that are within the authority of the Trustee under this Indenture for its own negligent action, negligent failure to act or willful misconduct, except that: (i) the Trustee shall not be liable for any error or judgment made in good faith by an authorized officer of the Trustee, unless it shall be proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts; (ii) the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the direction of the Holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities (or, as the case may be, the holders of a majority in aggregate Liquidation Amount of Preferred Securities) relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee under this Indenture; and (iii) the Trustee shall be under no liability for interest on any money received by it hereunder except as otherwise agreed in writing with the Company and money held by the Trustee in trust hereunder need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. (e) If at any time the Trustee hereunder is not the same Person as the Property Trustee under the Trust Agreement: (i) whenever a reference is made herein to the dissolution, termination or liquidation of the Trust, the Trustee shall be entitled to assume that no such dissolution, termination, or liquidation has occurred so long as the Securities are or continue to be registered in the name of such Property Trustee, and the Trustee shall be charged with notice or knowledge of such dissolution, termination or liquidation only upon written notice thereof given to the Trustee by the Depositor under the Trust Agreement; and 41 (ii) the Trustee shall not be charged with notice or knowledge that any Person is a holder of Preferred Securities or Common Securities issued by the Trust or whether any group of holders of Preferred Securities constitutes any specified percentage of all outstanding Preferred Securities for any purpose under this Indenture, unless and until the Trustee is furnished with a list of holders by such Property Trustee and the aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities then outstanding. The Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be protected in relying on such list. (f) Notwithstanding Section 1.10, the Trustee shall not, and shall not be deemed to, owe any fiduciary duty to the holders of any of the Trust Securities issued by the Trust and shall not be liable to any such holder (other than for the willful misconduct or negligence of the Trustee) if the Trustee in good faith (i) pays over or distributes to a registered Holder of the Securities or to the Company or to any other Person, cash, property or securities to which such holders of such Trust Securities shall be entitled or (ii) takes any action or omits to take any action at the request of the Holder of such Securities. Nothing in this paragraph shall affect the obligation of any other such Person to hold such payment for the benefit of, and to pay such amount over to, such holders of Preferred Securities or Common Securities or their representatives. SECTION 6.3. Notice of Defaults. Within ninety (90) days after the occurrence of any default actually known to the Trustee, the Trustee shall give the Holders notice of such default unless such default shall have been cured or waived; provided, that except in the case of a default in the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest on any Securities, the Trustee shall be fully protected in withholding the notice if and so long as the board of directors, the executive committee or a trust committee of directors and/or Responsible Officers of the Trustee in good faith determines that withholding the notice is in the interest of holders of Securities; and provided, further, that in the case of any default of the character specified in Section 5.1(c), no such notice to Holders shall be given until at least thirty (30) days after the occurrence thereof. For the purpose of this Section 6.3, the term "default" means any event which is, or after notice or lapse of time or both would become, an Event of Default. SECTION 6.4. Certain Rights of Trustee. Subject to the provisions of Section 6.2: (a) the Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be fully protected in acting or refraining from acting in good faith and in accordance with the terms hereof upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties; (b) if (i) in performing its duties under this Indenture the Trustee is required to decide between alternative courses of action, (ii) in construing any of the provisions of this Indenture the Trustee finds ambiguous or inconsistent with any other provisions contained herein or (iii) the Trustee is unsure of the application of any provision of this Indenture, then, except as to any matter as to which the Holders are entitled to decide under the terms of this Indenture, the 42 Trustee shall deliver a notice to the Company requesting the Company's written instruction as to the course of action to be taken and the Trustee shall take such action, or refrain from taking such action, as the Trustee shall be instructed in writing to take, or to refrain from taking, by the Company; provided, that if the Trustee does not receive such instructions from the Company within ten Business Days after it has delivered such notice or such reasonably shorter period of time set forth in such notice the Trustee may, but shall be under no duty to, take such action, or refrain from taking such action, as the Trustee shall deem advisable and in the best interests of the Holders, in which event the Trustee shall have no liability except for its own negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct; (c) any request or direction of the Company shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Company Request or Company Order and any resolution of the Board of Directors may be sufficiently evidenced by a Board Resolution; (d) the Trustee may consult with counsel (which counsel may be counsel to the Trustee, the Company or any of its Affiliates, and may include any of its employees) and the advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon; (e) the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or direction of any of the Holders or any holder of Preferred Securities pursuant to this Indenture, unless such Holders (or such holders of Preferred Securities) shall have offered to the Trustee security or indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses (including reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses) and liabilities that might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction, including reasonable advances as may be requested by the Trustee; (f) the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, indenture, note or other paper or document, but the Trustee in its discretion may make such inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit, and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such inquiry or investigation, it shall be entitled to examine the books, records and premises of the Company, personally or by agent or attorney; (g) the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents, attorneys, custodians or nominees and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any such agent, attorney, custodian or nominee appointed with due care by it hereunder; (h) whenever in the administration of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it desirable to receive instructions with respect to enforcing any remedy or right or taking any other action with respect to enforcing any remedy or right hereunder, the Trustees (i) may request instructions from the Holders (which instructions may only be given by the Holders of the same aggregate principal amount of Outstanding Securities as would be entitled to direct the Trustee under this Indenture in respect of such remedy, right or action), (ii) may refrain from enforcing such remedy or right or taking such action until such instructions are received and (iii) shall be protected in acting in accordance with such instructions; 43 (i) except as otherwise expressly provided by this Indenture, the Trustee shall not be under any obligation to take any action that is discretionary under the provisions of this Indenture; (j) without prejudice to any other rights available to the Trustee under applicable law, when the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services in connection with any bankruptcy, insolvency or other proceeding referred to in clauses (d) or (e) of the definition of Event of Default, such expenses (including legal fees and expenses of its agents and counsel) and the compensation for such services are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any bankruptcy laws or law relating to creditors rights generally; (k) whenever in the administration of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Trustee (unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, conclusively rely upon an Officers' Certificate addressing such matter, which, upon receipt of such request, shall be promptly delivered by the Company; (l) the Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of any Event of Default unless either (i) a Responsible Officer of the Trustee shall have actual knowledge or (ii) the Trustee shall have received written notice thereof from the Company or a Holder; and (m) in the event that the Trustee is also acting as Paying Agent, Authenticating Agent or Securities Registrar hereunder, the rights and protections afforded to the Trustee pursuant to this Article VI shall also be afforded such Paying Agent, Authenticating Agent, or Securities Registrar. SECTION 6.5. May Hold Securities. The Trustee, any Authenticating Agent, any Paying Agent, any Securities Registrar or any other agent of the Company, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and may otherwise deal with the Company with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee, Authenticating Agent, Paying Agent, Securities Registrar or such other agent. SECTION 6.6. Compensation; Reimbursement; Indemnity. (a) The Company agrees: (i) to pay to the Trustee from time to time reasonable compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder in such amounts as the Company and the Trustee shall agree from time to time (which compensation shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust); (ii) to reimburse the Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Trustee in accordance with any provision of this Indenture (including the reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements of its agents and counsel), except any such expense, disbursement or advance as may be attributable to its negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct; and 44 (iii) to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, to indemnify the Trustee and its Affiliates, and their officers, directors, shareholders, agents, representatives and employees for, and to hold them harmless against, any loss, damage, liability, tax (other than income, franchise or other taxes imposed on amounts paid pursuant to (i) or (ii) hereof), penalty, expense or claim of any kind or nature whatsoever incurred without negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct on its part arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of this trust or the performance of the Trustee's duties hereunder, including the costs and expenses of defending itself against any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder. (b) To secure the Company's payment obligations in this Section 6.6, the Company hereby grants and pledges to the Trustee and the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities on all money or property held or collected by the Trustee, other than money or property held in trust to pay principal and interest on particular Securities. Such lien shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or the resignation or removal of the Trustee. (c) The obligations of the Company under this Section 6.6 shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture and the earlier resignation or removal of the Trustee. (d) In no event shall the Trustee be liable for any indirect, special, punitive or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever, including, but not limited to, lost profits, even if the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action. (e) In no event shall the Trustee be liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder because of circumstances beyond its control, including, but not limited to, acts of God, flood, war (whether declared or undeclared), terrorism, fire, riot, embargo, government action, including any laws, ordinances, regulations, governmental action or the like which delay, restrict or prohibit the providing of the services contemplated by this Indenture. SECTION 6.7. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor. (a) No resignation or removal of the Trustee and no appointment of a successor Trustee pursuant to this Article VI shall become effective until the acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee under Section 6.8. (b) The Trustee may resign at any time by giving written notice thereof to the Company. (c) Unless an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Trustee may be removed at any time by the Company by a Board Resolution. If an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Trustee may be removed by Act of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities, delivered to the Trustee and to the Company. (d) If the Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of Trustee for any reason, at a time when no Event of Default 45 shall have occurred and be continuing, the Company, by a Board Resolution, shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee, and such successor Trustee and the retiring Trustee shall comply with the applicable requirements of Section 6.8. If the Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of Trustee for any reason, at a time when an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Holders, by Act of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities, shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee, and such successor Trustee and the retiring Trustee shall comply with the applicable requirements of Section 6.8. If no successor Trustee shall have been so appointed by the Company or the Holders and accepted appointment within sixty (60) days after the giving of a notice of resignation by the Trustee or the removal of the Trustee in the manner required by Section 6.8, any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six months may, on behalf of such Holder and all others similarly situated, and any resigning Trustee may, at the expense of the Company, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee. (e) The Company shall give notice to all Holders in the manner provided in Section 1.6 of each resignation and each removal of the Trustee and each appointment of a successor Trustee. Each notice shall include the name of the successor Trustee and the address of its Corporate Trust Office. SECTION 6.8. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor. (a) In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee, each successor Trustee so appointed shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective and such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on the request of the Company or the successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of its charges, execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor Trustee all the rights, powers and trusts of the retiring Trustee and shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder. (b) Upon request of any such successor Trustee, the Company shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming to such successor Trustee all rights, powers and trusts referred to in paragraph (a) of this Section 6.8. (c) No successor Trustee shall accept its appointment unless at the time of such acceptance such successor Trustee shall be qualified and eligible under this Article VI. SECTION 6.9. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business. Any Person into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any Person resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any Person succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate trust business of the Trustee, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto, provided, that such Person shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this Article VI. In case any Securities shall 46 have been authenticated, but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor by merger, conversion or consolidation or as otherwise provided above in this Section 6.9 to such authenticating Trustee may adopt such authentication and deliver the Securities so authenticated, and in case any Securities shall not have been authenticated, any successor to the Trustee may authenticate such Securities either in the name of any predecessor Trustee or in the name of such successor Trustee, and in all cases the certificate of authentication shall have the full force which it is provided anywhere in the Securities or in this Indenture that the certificate of the Trustee shall have. SECTION 6.10. Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities. The recitals contained herein and in the Securities, except the Trustee's certificates of authentication, shall be taken as the statements of the Company, and neither the Trustee nor any Authenticating Agent assumes any responsibility for their correctness. The Trustee makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of the Securities. Neither the Trustee nor any Authenticating Agent shall be accountable for the use or application by the Company of the Securities or the proceeds thereof. SECTION 6.11. Appointment of Authenticating Agent. (a) The Trustee may appoint an Authenticating Agent or Agents with respect to the Securities, which shall be authorized to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate Securities issued upon original issue and upon exchange, registration of transfer or partial redemption thereof or pursuant to Section 3.6, and Securities so authenticated shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all purposes as if authenticated by the Trustee hereunder. Wherever reference is made in this Indenture to the authentication and delivery of Securities by the Trustee or the Trustee's certificate of authentication, such reference shall be deemed to include authentication and delivery on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent. Each Authenticating Agent shall be acceptable to the Company and shall at all times be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America, or of any State or Territory thereof or the District of Columbia, authorized under such laws to act as Authenticating Agent, having a combined capital and surplus of not less than $50,000,000 and subject to supervision or examination by Federal or state authority. If such Authenticating Agent publishes reports of condition at least annually pursuant to law or to the requirements of said supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section 6.11 the combined capital and surplus of such Authenticating Agent shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time an Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section 6.11, such Authenticating Agent shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in this Section 6.11. (b) Any Person into which an Authenticating Agent may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any Person resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which such Authenticating Agent shall be a party, or any Person succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate trust business of an Authenticating Agent shall be the successor Authenticating Agent hereunder, provided such Person shall be otherwise eligible under this Section 6.11, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent. 47 (c) An Authenticating Agent may resign at any time by giving written notice thereof to the Trustee and to the Company. The Trustee may at any time terminate the agency of an Authenticating Agent by giving written notice thereof to such Authenticating Agent and to the Company. Upon receiving such a notice of resignation or upon such a termination, or in case at any time such Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section 6.11, the Trustee may appoint a successor Authenticating Agent eligible under the provisions of this Section 6.11, which shall be acceptable to the Company, and shall give notice of such appointment to all Holders. Any successor Authenticating Agent upon acceptance of its appointment hereunder shall become vested with all the rights, powers and duties of its predecessor hereunder, with like effect as if originally named as an Authenticating Agent. (d) The Company agrees to pay to each Authenticating Agent from time to time reasonable compensation for its services under this Section 6.11 in such amounts as the Company and the Authenticating Agent shall agree from time to time. (e) If an appointment of an Authenticating Agent is made pursuant to this Section 6.11, the Securities may have endorsed thereon, in addition to the Trustee's certificate of authentication, an alternative certificate of authentication in the following form: This is one of the Securities referred to in the within mentioned Indenture. Dated: JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, not in its individual capacity, but solely as Trustee By: ------------------------------------ Authenticating Agent By: ------------------------------------ Authorized Signatory ARTICLE VII HOLDER'S LISTS AND REPORTS BY COMPANY SECTION 7.1. Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders. The Company will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee: (a) semiannually, on or before June 30 and December 31 of each year, a list, in such form as the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of the Holders as of a date not more than fifteen (15) days prior to the delivery thereof, and 48 (b) at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, within thirty (30) days after the receipt by the Company of any such request, a list of similar form and content as of a date not more than fifteen (15) days prior to the time such list is furnished, in each case to the extent such information is in the possession or control of the Company and has not otherwise been received by the Trustee in its capacity as Securities Registrar. SECTION 7.2. Preservation of Information, Communications to Holders. (a) The Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably practicable, the names and addresses of Holders contained in the most recent list furnished to the Trustee as provided in Section 7.1 and the names and addresses of Holders received by the Trustee in its capacity as Securities Registrar. The Trustee may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in Section 7.1 upon receipt of a new list so furnished. (b) The rights of Holders to communicate with other Holders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or under the Securities, and the corresponding rights and privileges of the Trustee, shall be as provided in the Trust Indenture Act. (c) Every Holder of Securities, by receiving and holding the same, agrees with the Company and the Trustee that neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any agent of either of them shall be held accountable by reason of the disclosure of information as to the names and addresses of the Holders made pursuant to the Trust Indenture Act. SECTION 7.3. Reports by Company. (a) The Company shall furnish to the Holders and to prospective purchasers of Securities, upon their request, the information required to be furnished pursuant to Rule 144A(d)(4) under the Securities Act. The delivery requirement set forth in the preceding sentence may be satisfied by compliance with Section 7.3(b) hereof. (b) The Company shall cause NorthStar Realty Finance Corp., the general partner of the Company, to furnish to each of (i) the Trustee, (ii) the Holders and to subsequent holders of Securities, (iii) Cohen Bros. & Company, 450 Park, 23rd Floor, New York, NY 10022, Attn: Mitchell Kahn or such other address as designated by Cohen Bros. & Company) and (iv) any beneficial owner of the Securities reasonably identified to the Company (which identification may be made either by such beneficial owner or by Cohen Bros. & Company), a duly completed and executed certificate substantially and substantively in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A, including the financial statements referenced in such Exhibit, which certificate and financial statements shall be so furnished by the Company not later than fifty (50) days after the end of each of the first three fiscal quarters of each fiscal year of the Company and not later than ninety-five (95) days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company. The delivery requirements under this Section 7.3(b) may be satisfied by compliance with Section 8.16(b) of the Trust Agreement. (c) If the Company intends to file its annual and quarterly information with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") in electronic form pursuant to Regulation S-T of the Commission using the Commission's Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval ("EDGAR") system, the Company shall notify the Trustee in the manner prescribed herein of each such annual and quarterly filing. The Trustee is hereby authorized and directed to 49 access the EDGAR system for purposes of retrieving the financial information so filed. Compliance with the foregoing shall constitute delivery by the Company of its financial statements to the Trustee in compliance with the provisions of Section 314(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, if applicable. The Trustee shall have no duty to search for or obtain any electronic or other filings that the Company makes with the Commission, regardless of whether such filings are periodic, supplemental or otherwise. Delivery of reports, information and documents to the Trustee pursuant to this Section 7.3(c) shall be solely for purposes of compliance with this Section 7.3 and, if applicable, with Section 314(a) of the Trust Indenture Act. The Trustee's receipt of such reports, information and documents shall not constitute notice to it of the content thereof or any matter determinable from the content thereof, including the Company's compliance with any of its covenants hereunder, as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely upon Officers' Certificates. ARTICLE VIII CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, CONVEYANCE, TRANSFER OR LEASE SECTION 8.1. Company May Consolidate, Etc., Only on Certain Terms. The Company shall not consolidate with or merge into any other Person or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially as an entirety to any Person, and no Person shall consolidate with or merge into the Company or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially as an entirety to the Company, unless: (a) if the Company shall consolidate with or merge into another Person or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially as an entirety to any Person, the entity formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is merged or the Person that acquires by conveyance or transfer, or that leases, the properties and assets of the Company substantially as an entirety shall be an entity organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America or any State or Territory thereof or the District of Columbia and shall expressly assume, by an indenture supplemental hereto, executed and delivered to the Trustee, in form reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee, the due and punctual payment of the principal of and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest) on all the Securities and the performance of every covenant of this Indenture on the part of the Company to be performed or observed; (b) immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no Event of Default, and no event that, after notice or lapse of time, or both, would constitute an Event of Default, shall have happened and be continuing; and (c) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such consolidation, merger, conveyance, transfer or lease and, if a supplemental indenture is required in connection with such transaction, any such supplemental indenture comply with this Article VIII and that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such transaction have been complied with; and the Trustee may rely upon such Officers' Certificate and Opinion of Counsel as conclusive evidence that such transaction complies with this Section 8.1. 50 SECTION 8.2. Successor Company Substituted. (a) Upon any consolidation or merger by the Company with or into any other Person, or any conveyance, transfer or lease by the Company of its properties and assets substantially as an entirety to any Person in accordance with Section 8.1 and the execution and delivery to the Trustee of the supplemental indenture described in Section 8.1(a), the successor entity formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is merged or to which such conveyance, transfer or lease is made shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor Person had been named as the Company herein; and in the event of any such conveyance or transfer, following the execution and delivery of such supplemental indenture, the Company shall be discharged from all obligations and covenants under the Indenture and the Securities. (b) Such successor Person may cause to be executed, and may issue either in its own name or in the name of the Company, any or all of the Securities issuable hereunder that theretofore shall not have been signed by the Company and delivered to the Trustee; and, upon the order of such successor Person instead of the Company and subject to all the terms, conditions and limitations in this Indenture prescribed, the Trustee shall authenticate and shall deliver any Securities that previously shall have been signed and delivered by the officers of the Company to the Trustee for authentication, and any Securities that such successor Person thereafter shall cause to be executed and delivered to the Trustee on its behalf. All the Securities so issued shall in all respects have the same legal rank and benefit under this Indenture as the Securities theretofore or thereafter issued in accordance with the terms of this Indenture. (c) In case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance or lease, such changes in phraseology and form may be made in the Securities thereafter to be issued as may be appropriate to reflect such occurrence. ARTICLE IX SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES SECTION 9.1. Supplemental Indentures without Consent of Holders. Without the consent of any Holders, the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee, at any time and from time to time, may enter into one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in form reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee, for any of the following purposes: (a) to evidence the succession of another Person to the Company, and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the Company herein and in the Securities; or (b) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor trustee; or (c) to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provision herein that may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision herein, or to make or amend any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under this Indenture, which shall not be inconsistent with the other provisions of this Indenture, provided, that such action pursuant to 51 this clause (b) shall not adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any Holders or the holders of the Preferred Securities; or (d) to comply with the rules and regulations of any securities exchange or automated quotation system on which any of the Securities may be listed, traded or quoted; or (e) to add to the covenants, restrictions or obligations of the Company or to add to the Events of Default, provided, that such action pursuant to this clause (c) shall not adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any Holders or the holders of the Preferred Securities; or (f) to modify, eliminate or add to any provisions of the Indenture or the Securities to such extent as shall be necessary to ensure that the Securities are treated as indebtedness of the Company for United States Federal income tax purposes, provided, that such action pursuant to this clause (d) shall not adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any Holders or the holders of the Preferred Securities. SECTION 9.2. Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders. (a) Subject to Section 9.1, with the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities, by Act of said Holders delivered to the Company and the Trustee, the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee may enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders of Securities under this Indenture; provided, that no such supplemental indenture shall, without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security, (i) change the Stated Maturity of the principal or any premium of any Security or change the date of payment of any installment of interest (including any Additional Interest) on any Security, or reduce the principal amount thereof or the rate of interest thereon or any premium payable upon the redemption thereof or change the place of payment where, or the coin or currency in which, any Security or interest thereon is payable, or restrict or impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such date, or (ii) reduce the percentage in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities, the consent of whose Holders is required for any such supplemental indenture, or the consent of whose Holders is required for any waiver of compliance with any provision of this Indenture or of defaults hereunder and their consequences provided for in this Indenture, or (iii) modify any of the provisions of this Section 9.2, Section 5.13 or Section 10.7, except to increase any percentage in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities, the consent of whose Holders is required for any reason, or to provide that certain other provisions of this Indenture cannot be modified or waived without the consent of the Holder of each Security; provided, further, that, so long as any Preferred Securities remain outstanding, no amendment under this Section 9.2 shall be effective until the holders of a majority in Liquidation Amount of 52 the Preferred Securities shall have consented to such amendment; provided, further, that if the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security is required for any amendment under this Indenture, such amendment shall not be effective until the holder of each Outstanding Preferred Security shall have consented to such amendment. (b) It shall not be necessary for any Act of Holders under this Section 9.2 to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it shall be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof. SECTION 9.3. Execution of Supplemental Indentures. In executing or accepting the additional trusts created by any supplemental indenture permitted by this Article IX or the modifications thereby of the trusts created by this Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and shall be fully protected in conclusively relying upon, an Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such supplemental indenture is authorized or permitted by this Indenture, and that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such action have been complied with. The Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such supplemental indenture that affects the Trustee's own rights, duties, indemnities or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise. Copies of the final form of each supplemental indenture shall be delivered by the Trustee at the expense of the Company to each Holder, and, if the Trustee is the Property Trustee, to each holder of Preferred Securities, promptly after the execution thereof. SECTION 9.4. Effect of Supplemental Indentures. Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture under this Article IX, this Indenture shall be modified in accordance therewith, and such supplemental indenture shall form a part of this Indenture for all purposes; and every Holder of Securities and every holder of Preferred Securities theretofore or thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder shall be bound thereby. SECTION 9.5. Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures. Securities authenticated and delivered after the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article IX may, and shall if required by the Company, bear a notation in form approved by the Company as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Company shall so determine, new Securities so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Company, to any such supplemental indenture may be prepared and executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee in exchange for Outstanding Securities. ARTICLE X COVENANTS SECTION 10.1. Payment of Principal, Premium, if any, and Interest. The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of the Holders of the Securities that it will duly and punctually pay the principal of and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest) on the Securities in accordance with the terms of the Securities and this 53 Indenture. As of the date hereof, the Company represents that it has no present intention to exercise its right under Section 3.9 to defer payments of interest on the Securities. SECTION 10.2. Money for Security Payments to be Held in Trust. (a) If the Company shall at any time act as its own Paying Agent with respect to the Securities, it will, on or before each due date of the principal of and any premium or interest (including any Additional Interest) on the Securities, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto a sum sufficient to pay the principal and any premium or interest (including Additional Interest) so becoming due until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided, and will promptly notify the Trustee in writing of its failure so to act. (b) Whenever the Company shall have one or more Paying Agents, it will, prior to 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on each due date of the principal of or any premium or interest (including any Additional Interest) on any Securities, deposit with a Paying Agent a sum sufficient to pay such amount, such sum to be held as provided in the Trust Indenture Act and (unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee of its failure so to act. (c) The Company will cause each Paying Agent for the Securities other than the Trustee to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section 10.2, that such Paying Agent will (i) comply with the provisions of this Indenture and the Trust Indenture Act applicable to it as a Paying Agent and (ii) during the continuance of any default by the Company (or any other obligor upon the Securities) in the making of any payment in respect of the Securities, upon the written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums held in trust by such Paying Agent for payment in respect of the Securities. (d) The Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or by Company Order direct any Paying Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in trust by the Company or such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee upon the same trusts as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or such Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Trustee, such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such money. (e) Any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by the Company in trust for the payment of the principal of and any premium or interest (including any Additional Interest) on any Security and remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal and any premium or interest has become due and payable shall (unless otherwise required by mandatory provision of applicable escheat or abandoned or unclaimed property law) be paid on Company Request to the Company, or (if then held by the Company) shall (unless otherwise required by mandatory provision of applicable escheat or abandoned or unclaimed property law) be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Security shall thereafter, as an unsecured general creditor, look only to the Company for payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money, and all liability of the Company as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease; provided, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being 54 required to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause to be published once, in a newspaper published in the English language, customarily published on each Business Day and of general circulation in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than thirty (30) days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company. SECTION 10.3. Statement as to Compliance. The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within one hundred and twenty (120) days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company ending after the date hereof, an Officers' Certificate covering the preceding calendar year, stating whether or not to the knowledge of the signers thereof the Company is in default in the performance or observance of any of the terms, provisions and conditions of this Indenture (without regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice provided hereunder), and if the Company shall be in default, specifying all such defaults and the nature and status thereof of which they may have knowledge. The delivery requirements of this Section 10.3 may be satisfied by compliance with Section 8.16(a) of the Trust Agreement. SECTION 10.4. Calculation Agent. (a) The Company hereby agrees that for so long as any of the Securities remain Outstanding, there will at all times be an agent appointed to calculate LIBOR in respect of each Interest Payment Date in accordance with the terms of Schedule A (the "Calculation Agent"). The Company has initially appointed the Property Trustee as Calculation Agent for purposes of determining LIBOR for each Interest Payment Date. The Calculation Agent may be removed by the Company at any time. So long as the Property Trustee holds any of the Securities, the Calculation Agent shall be the Property Trustee, except as described in the immediately preceding sentence. If the Calculation Agent is unable or unwilling to act as such or is removed by the Company, the Company will promptly appoint as a replacement Calculation Agent the London office of a leading bank which is engaged in transactions in Eurodollar deposits in the international Eurodollar market and which does not control or is not controlled by or under common control with the Company or its Affiliates. The Calculation Agent may not resign its duties without a successor having been duly appointed. (b) The Calculation Agent shall be required to agree that, as soon as possible after 11:00 a.m. (London time) on each LIBOR Determination Date (as defined in Schedule A), but in no event later than 11:00 a.m. (London time) on the Business Day immediately following each LIBOR Determination Date, the Calculation Agent will calculate the interest rate (the Interest Payment shall be rounded to the nearest cent, with half a cent being rounded upwards) for the related Interest Payment Date, and will communicate such rate and amount to the Company, the Trustee, each Paying Agent and the Depositary. The Calculation Agent will also specify to the Company the quotations upon which the foregoing rates and amounts are based and, in any event, the Calculation Agent shall notify the Company before 5:00 p.m. (London time) on each LIBOR Determination Date that either: (i) it has determined or is in the process of determining the foregoing rates and amounts or (ii) it has not determined and is not in the process of determining the foregoing rates and amounts, together with its reasons therefor. The Calculation Agent's determination of the foregoing rates and amounts for any Interest Payment Date will (in 55 the absence of manifest error) be final and binding upon all parties. For the sole purpose of calculating the interest rate for the Securities, "Business Day" shall be defined as any day on which dealings in deposits in Dollars are transacted in the London interbank market. SECTION 10.5. Additional Tax Sums. So long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, if (a) the Trust is the Holder of all of the Outstanding Securities and (b) a Tax Event described in clause (i) or (iii) in the definition of Tax Event in Section 1.1 hereof has occurred and is continuing, the Company shall pay to the Trust (and its permitted successors or assigns under the related Trust Agreement) for so long as the Trust (or its permitted successor or assignee) is the registered holder of the Outstanding Securities, such amounts as may be necessary in order that the amount of Distributions (including any Additional Interest Amount (as defined in the Trust Agreement)) then due and payable by the Trust on the Preferred Securities and Common Securities that at any time remain outstanding in accordance with the terms thereof shall not be reduced as a result of any Additional Taxes arising from such Tax Event (additional such amounts payable by the Company to the Trust, the "Additional Tax Sums"). Whenever in this Indenture or the Securities there is a reference in any context to the payment of principal of or interest on the Securities, such mention shall be deemed to include mention of the payments of the Additional Tax Sums provided for in this Section 10.5 to the extent that, in such context, Additional Tax Sums are, were or would be payable in respect thereof pursuant to the provisions of this Section 10.5 and express mention of the payment of Additional Tax Sums (if applicable) in any provisions hereof shall not be construed as excluding Additional Tax Sums in those provisions hereof where such express mention is not made; provided, that the deferral of the payment of interest pursuant to Section 3.9 on the Securities shall not defer the payment of any Additional Tax Sums that may be due and payable. SECTION 10.6. Additional Covenants. (a) The Company covenants and agrees with each Holder of Securities that if an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or the Company shall have given notice of its election to begin an Extension Period with respect to the Securities or such Extension Period, or any extension thereof, shall be continuing, it shall not (i) declare or pay any dividends or distributions on, or redeem, purchase, acquire or make a liquidation payment with respect to, any shares of the Company's capital stock (for the avoidance of doubt, the term "capital stock" includes both common stock and preferred stock of the Company), (ii) vote in favor of or permit or otherwise allow any of its subsidiaries to declare or pay any dividends or distributions on, or redeem, purchase, acquire or make a liquidation payment with respect to or otherwise retire, any shares of such subsidiaries preferred stock (for the avoidance of doubt, whether such preferred stock is perpetual or otherwise), or (iii) make any payment of principal of or any interest or premium, if any, on or repay, repurchase or redeem any debt securities of the Company that rank pari passu in all respects with or junior in interest to the Securities (other than (A) repurchases, redemptions or other acquisitions of shares of capital stock of the Company in connection with any employment contract, benefit plan or other similar arrangement with or for the benefit of any one or more employees, officers, directors or consultants, in connection with a dividend reinvestment or stockholder stock purchase plan or in connection with the issuance of capital stock of the Company (or securities convertible into or exercisable for such capital stock) as consideration in an acquisition transaction entered into prior to the Event of Default or applicable 56 Extension Period, (B) as a result of an exchange or conversion of any class or series of the Company's capital stock (or any capital stock of a Subsidiary of the Company) for any class or series of the Company's capital stock or of any class or series of the Company's indebtedness for any class or series of the Company's capital stock, (C) the purchase of fractional interests in shares of the Company's capital stock pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of such capital stock or the security being converted or exchanged, (D) any declaration of a dividend in connection with any Rights Plan, the issuance of rights, stock or other property under any Rights Plan or the redemption or repurchase of rights pursuant thereto or (E) any dividend in the form of stock, warrants, options or other rights where the dividend stock or the stock issuable upon exercise of such warrants, options or other rights is the same stock as that on which the dividend is being paid or ranks pari passu with or junior to such stock). (b) The Company also covenants with each Holder of Securities (i) to hold, directly or indirectly, one hundred percent (100%) of the Common Securities of the Trust, provided, that any permitted successor of the Company hereunder may succeed to the Company's ownership of such Common Securities, (ii) as holder of such Common Securities, not to voluntarily dissolve, wind-up or liquidate the Trust other than (A) in connection with a distribution of the Securities to the holders of the Preferred Securities in liquidation of the Trust or (B) in connection with certain mergers, consolidations or amalgamations permitted by the Trust Agreement and (iii) to use its reasonable commercial efforts, consistent with the terms and provisions of the Trust Agreement, to cause the Trust to continue to be taxable as a grantor trust and not as a corporation for United States Federal income tax purposes. (c) The Company also agrees to use its reasonable best efforts to meet the requirements to qualify, effective for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2004 and all future fiscal years, as a real estate investment trust under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. SECTION 10.7. Waiver of Covenants. The Company may omit in any particular instance to comply with any covenant or condition contained in Section 10.6 if, before or after the time for such compliance, the Holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities shall, by Act of such Holders, and at least a majority of the aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities then outstanding, by consent of such holders, either waive such compliance in such instance or generally waive compliance with such covenant or condition, but no such waiver shall extend to or affect such covenant or condition except to the extent so expressly waived, and, until such waiver shall become effective, the obligations of the Company in respect of any such covenant or condition shall remain in full force and effect. SECTION 10.8. Treatment of Securities. The Company will treat the Securities as indebtedness, and the amounts, other than payments of principal, payable in respect of the principal amount of such Securities as interest, for all U.S. federal income tax purposes. All payments in respect of the Securities will be made free and clear of U.S. withholding tax to any beneficial owner thereof that has provided an Internal Revenue Service Form W-9 or W-8BEN (or any substitute or successor form) 57 establishing its U.S. or non-U.S. status for U.S. federal income tax purposes, or any other applicable form establishing a complete exemption from U.S. withholding tax. ARTICLE XI REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES SECTION 11.1. Optional Redemption. The Company may, at its option, on any Interest Payment Date, on or after June 30, 2010, redeem the Securities in whole at any time or in part from time to time, at a Redemption Price equal to one hundred percent (100%) of the principal amount thereof (or of the redeemed portion thereof, as applicable), together, in the case of any such redemption, with accrued and unpaid interest, including any Additional Interest, through but excluding the date fixed as the Redemption Date (the "Optional Redemption Price"). SECTION 11.2. Special Event Redemption. Prior to June 30, 2010, upon the occurrence and during the continuation of a Special Event, the Company may, at its option, redeem the Securities, in whole but not in part, at a Redemption Price equal to one hundred seven and one half percent (107.5%) of the principal amount thereof, together, in the case of any such redemption, with accrued interest, including any Additional Interest, through but excluding the date fixed as the Redemption Date (the "Special Redemption Price"). SECTION 11.3. Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee. The election of the Company to redeem any Securities, in whole or in part, shall be evidenced by or pursuant to a Board Resolution. In case of any redemption at the election of the Company, the Company shall, not less than forty-five (45) days and not more than seventy-five (75) days prior to the Redemption Date (unless a shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee), notify the Trustee and the Property Trustee under the Trust Agreement in writing of such date and of the principal amount of the Securities to be redeemed and provide the additional information required to be included in the notice or notices contemplated by Section 11.5. In the case of any redemption of Securities, in whole or in part, (a) prior to the expiration of any restriction on such redemption provided in this Indenture or the Securities or (b) pursuant to an election of the Company which is subject to a condition specified in this Indenture or the Securities, the Company shall furnish the Trustee with an Officers' Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel evidencing compliance with such restriction or condition. SECTION 11.4. Selection of Securities to be Redeemed. (a) If less than all the Securities are to be redeemed, the particular Securities to be redeemed shall be selected and redeemed on a pro rata basis not more than sixty (60) days prior to the Redemption Date by the Trustee from the Outstanding Securities not previously called for redemption, provided, that the unredeemed portion of the principal amount of any Security shall be in an authorized denomination (which shall not be less than the minimum authorized denomination) for such Security. 58 (b) The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company in writing of the Securities selected for redemption and, in the case of any Securities selected for partial redemption, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed. For all purposes of this Indenture, unless the context otherwise requires, all provisions relating to the redemption of Securities shall relate, in the case of any Security redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the portion of the principal amount of such Security that has been or is to be redeemed. (c) The provisions of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this Section 11.4 shall not apply with respect to any redemption affecting only a single Security, whether such Security is to be redeemed in whole or in part. In the case of any such redemption in part, the unredeemed portion of the principal amount of the Security shall be in an authorized denomination (which shall not be less than the minimum authorized denomination) for such Security. SECTION 11.5. Notice of Redemption. (a) Notice of redemption shall be given not later than the thirtieth (30th) day, and not earlier than the sixtieth (60th) day, prior to the Redemption Date to each Holder of Securities to be redeemed, in whole or in part (unless a shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Property Trustee under the related Trust Agreement). (b) With respect to Securities to be redeemed, in whole or in part, each notice of redemption shall state: (i) the Redemption Date; (ii) the Redemption Price or, if the Redemption Price cannot be calculated prior to the time the notice is required to be sent, the estimate of the Redemption Price, as calculated by the Company, together with a statement that it is an estimate and that the actual Redemption Price will be calculated on the fifth Business Day prior to the Redemption Date (and if an estimate is provided, a further notice shall be sent of the actual Redemption Price on the date that such Redemption Price is calculated); (iii) if less than all Outstanding Securities are to be redeemed, the identification (and, in the case of partial redemption, the respective principal amounts) of the amount of and particular Securities to be redeemed; (iv) that on the Redemption Date, the Redemption Price will become due and payable upon each such Security or portion thereof, and that any interest (including any Additional Interest) on such Security or such portion, as the case may be, shall cease to accrue on and after said date; (v) the place or places where such Securities are to be surrendered for payment of the Redemption Price; and (vi) such other provisions as the Company deems relevant. (c) Notice of redemption of Securities to be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the election of the Company shall be given by the Company or, at the Company's request, by the Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Company and shall be irrevocable. The notice if 59 mailed in the manner provided above shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given, whether or not the Holder receives such notice. In any case, a failure to give such notice by mail or any defect in the notice to the Holder of any Security designated for redemption as a whole or in part shall not affect the validity of the proceedings for the redemption of any other Security. SECTION 11.6. Deposit of Redemption Price. Prior to 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the Redemption Date specified in the notice of redemption given as provided in Section 11.5, the Company will deposit with the Trustee or with one or more Paying Agents (or if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent, the Company will segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 10.2) an amount of money sufficient to pay the Redemption Price of, and any accrued interest (including any Additional Interest) on, all the Securities (or portions thereof) that are to be redeemed on that date. SECTION 11.7. Payment of Securities Called for Redemption. (a) If any notice of redemption has been given as provided in Section 11.5, the Securities or portion of Securities with respect to which such notice has been given shall become due and payable on the date and at the place or places stated in such notice at the applicable Redemption Price, together with accrued interest (including any Additional Interest) to the Redemption Date. On presentation and surrender of such Securities at a Place of Payment specified in such notice, the Securities or the specified portions thereof shall be paid and redeemed by the Company at the applicable Redemption Price, together with accrued interest (including any Additional Interest) to the Redemption Date. (b) Upon presentation of any Security redeemed in part only, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder thereof, at the expense of the Company, a new Security or Securities, of authorized denominations, in aggregate principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the Security so presented and having the same Original Issue Date, Stated Maturity and terms. (c) If any Security called for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender thereof for redemption, the principal of and any premium on such Security shall, until paid, bear interest from the Redemption Date at the rate prescribed therefor in the Security. ARTICLE XII SUBORDINATION OF SECURITIES SECTION 12.1. Securities Subordinate to Senior Debt. The Company covenants and agrees, and each Holder of a Security, by its acceptance thereof, likewise covenants and agrees, that, to the extent and in the manner hereinafter set forth in this Article XII, the payment of the principal of and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest) on each and all of the Securities are hereby expressly made subordinate and subject in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all Senior Debt, except as otherwise provided in Section 4.2. 60 SECTION 12.2. No Payment When Senior Debt in Default; Payment Over of Proceeds Upon Dissolution, Etc. (a) In the event and during the continuation of any default by the Company in the payment of any principal of or any premium or interest on any Senior Debt (following any grace period, if applicable) when the same becomes due and payable, whether at maturity or at a date fixed for prepayment or by declaration of acceleration or otherwise, then, upon written notice of such default to the Company by the holders of such Senior Debt or any trustee therefor, unless and until such default shall have been cured or waived or shall have ceased to exist, no direct or indirect payment (in cash, property, securities, by set-off or otherwise) shall be made or agreed to be made on account of the principal of or any premium or interest (including any Additional Interest) on any of the Securities, or in respect of any redemption, repayment, retirement, purchase or other acquisition of any of the Securities. (b) In the event of a bankruptcy, insolvency or other proceeding described in clause (d) or (e) of the definition of Event of Default (each such event, if any, herein sometimes referred to as a "Proceeding"), all Senior Debt (including any interest thereon accruing after the commencement of any such proceedings) shall first be paid in full before any payment or distribution, whether in cash, securities or other property, shall be made to any Holder of any of the Securities on account thereof. Any payment or distribution, whether in cash, securities or other property (other than securities of the Company or any other entity provided for by a plan of reorganization or readjustment the payment of which is subordinate, at least to the extent provided in these subordination provisions with respect to the indebtedness evidenced by the Securities, to the payment of all Senior Debt at the time outstanding and to any securities issued in respect thereof under any such plan of reorganization or readjustment), which would otherwise (but for these subordination provisions) be payable or deliverable in respect of the Securities shall be paid or delivered directly to the holders of Senior Debt in accordance with the priorities then existing among such holders until all Senior Debt (including any interest thereon accruing after the commencement of any Proceeding) shall have been paid in full. (c) In the event of any Proceeding, after payment in full of all sums owing with respect to Senior Debt, the Holders of the Securities, together with the holders of any obligations of the Company ranking on a parity with the Securities, shall be entitled to be paid from the remaining assets of the Company the amounts at the time due and owing on account of unpaid principal of and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest) on the Securities and such other obligations before any payment or other distribution, whether in cash, property or otherwise, shall be made on account of any capital stock or any obligations of the Company ranking junior to the Securities and such other obligations. If, notwithstanding the foregoing, any payment or distribution of any character or any security, whether in cash, securities or other property (other than securities of the Company or any other entity provided for by a plan of reorganization or readjustment the payment of which is subordinate, at least to the extent provided in these subordination provisions with respect to the indebtedness evidenced by the Securities, to the payment of all Senior Debt at the time outstanding and to any securities issued in respect thereof under any such plan of reorganization or readjustment) shall be received by the Trustee or any Holder in contravention of any of the terms hereof and before all Senior Debt shall have been paid in full, such payment or distribution or security shall be received in trust for the benefit of, and shall be paid over or delivered and transferred to, the holders of the Senior Debt at the time outstanding in accordance with the priorities then existing among such holders 61 for application to the payment of all Senior Debt remaining unpaid, to the extent necessary to pay all such Senior Debt (including any interest thereon accruing after the commencement of any Proceeding) in full. In the event of the failure of the Trustee or any Holder to endorse or assign any such payment, distribution or security, each holder of Senior Debt is hereby irrevocably authorized to endorse or assign the same. (d) The Trustee and the Holders, at the expense of the Company, shall take such reasonable action (including the delivery of this Indenture to an agent for any holders of Senior Debt or consent to the filing of a financing statement with respect hereto) as may, in the opinion of counsel designated by the holders of a majority in principal amount of the Senior Debt at the time outstanding, be necessary or appropriate to assure the effectiveness of the subordination effected by these provisions. (e) The provisions of this Section 12.2 shall not impair any rights, interests, remedies or powers of any secured creditor of the Company in respect of any security interest the creation of which is not prohibited by the provisions of this Indenture. (f) The securing of any obligations of the Company, otherwise ranking on a parity with the Securities or ranking junior to the Securities, shall not be deemed to prevent such obligations from constituting, respectively, obligations ranking on a parity with the Securities or ranking junior to the Securities. SECTION 12.3. Payment Permitted If No Default. Nothing contained in this Article XII or elsewhere in this Indenture or in any of the Securities shall prevent (a) the Company, at any time, except during the pendency of the conditions described in paragraph (a) of Section 12.2 or of any Proceeding referred to in Section 12.2, from making payments at any time of principal of and any premium or interest (including any Additional Interest) on the Securities or (b) the application by the Trustee of any moneys deposited with it hereunder to the payment of or on account of the principal of and any premium or interest (including any Additional Interest) on the Securities or the retention of such payment by the Holders, if, at the time of such application by the Trustee, it did not have knowledge (in accordance with Section 12.8) that such payment would have been prohibited by the provisions of this Article XII, except as provided in Section 12.8. SECTION 12.4. Subrogation to Rights of Holders of Senior Debt. Subject to the payment in full of all amounts due or to become due on all Senior Debt, or the provision for such payment in cash or cash equivalents or otherwise in a manner satisfactory to the holders of Senior Debt, the Holders of the Securities shall be subrogated to the extent of the payments or distributions made to the holders of such Senior Debt pursuant to the provisions of this Article XII (equally and ratably with the holders of all indebtedness of the Company that by its express terms is subordinated to Senior Debt of the Company to substantially the same extent as the Securities are subordinated to the Senior Debt and is entitled to like rights of subrogation by reason of any payments or distributions made to holders of such Senior Debt) to the rights of the holders of such Senior Debt to receive payments and distributions of cash, property and securities applicable to the Senior Debt until the principal of and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest) on the Securities shall be paid in full. For purposes of 62 such subrogation, no payments or distributions to the holders of the Senior Debt of any cash, property or securities to which the Holders of the Securities or the Trustee would be entitled except for the provisions of this Article XII, and no payments made pursuant to the provisions of this Article XII to the holders of Senior Debt by Holders of the Securities or the Trustee, shall, as among the Company, its creditors other than holders of Senior Debt, and the Holders of the Securities, be deemed to be a payment or distribution by the Company to or on account of the Senior Debt. SECTION 12.5. Provisions Solely to Define Relative Rights. The provisions of this Article XII are and are intended solely for the purpose of defining the relative rights of the Holders of the Securities on the one hand and the holders of Senior Debt on the other hand. Nothing contained in this Article XII or elsewhere in this Indenture or in the Securities is intended to or shall (a) impair, as between the Company and the Holders of the Securities, the obligations of the Company, which are absolute and unconditional, to pay to the Holders of the Securities the principal of and any premium and interest (including any Additional Interest) on the Securities as and when the same shall become due and payable in accordance with their terms, (b) affect the relative rights against the Company of the Holders of the Securities and creditors of the Company other than their rights in relation to the holders of Senior Debt or (c) prevent the Trustee or the Holder of any Security (or to the extent expressly provided herein, the holder of any Preferred Security) from exercising all remedies otherwise permitted by applicable law upon default under this Indenture, including filing and voting claims in any Proceeding, subject to the rights, if any, under this Article XII of the holders of Senior Debt to receive cash, property and securities otherwise payable or deliverable to the Trustee or such Holder. SECTION 12.6. Trustee to Effectuate Subordination. Each Holder of a Security by his or her acceptance thereof authorizes and directs the Trustee on his or her behalf to take such action as may be necessary or appropriate to acknowledge or effectuate the subordination provided in this Article XII and appoints the Trustee his or her attorney-in-fact for any and all such purposes. SECTION 12.7. No Waiver of Subordination Provisions. (a) No right of any present or future holder of any Senior Debt to enforce subordination as herein provided shall at any time in any way be prejudiced or impaired by any act or failure to act on the part of the Company or by any act or failure to act, in good faith, by any such holder, or by any noncompliance by the Company with the terms, provisions and covenants of this Indenture, regardless of any knowledge thereof that any such holder may have or be otherwise charged with. (b) Without in any way limiting the generality of paragraph (a) of this Section 12.7, the holders of Senior Debt may, at any time and from to time, without the consent of or notice to the Trustee or the Holders of the Securities, without incurring responsibility to such Holders of the Securities and without impairing or releasing the subordination provided in this Article XII or the obligations hereunder of such Holders of the Securities to the holders of Senior Debt, do any one or more of the following: (i) change the manner, place or terms of payment or extend the 63 time of payment of, or renew or alter, Senior Debt, or otherwise amend or supplement in any manner Senior Debt or any instrument evidencing the same or any agreement under which Senior Debt is outstanding, (ii) sell, exchange, release or otherwise deal with any property pledged, mortgaged or otherwise securing Senior Debt, (iii) release any Person liable in any manner for the payment of Senior Debt and (iv) exercise or refrain from exercising any rights against the Company and any other Person. SECTION 12.8. Notice to Trustee. (a) The Company shall give prompt written notice to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee of any fact known to the Company that would prohibit the making of any payment to or by the Trustee in respect of the Securities. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Article XII or any other provision of this Indenture, the Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of the existence of any facts that would prohibit the making of any payment to or by the Trustee in respect of the Securities, unless and until a Responsible Officer of the Trustee shall have received written notice thereof from the Company or a holder of Senior Debt or from any trustee, agent or representative therefor; provided, that if the Trustee shall not have received the notice provided for in this Section 12.8 at least two Business Days prior to the date upon which by the terms hereof any monies may become payable for any purpose (including, the payment of the principal of and any premium on or interest (including any Additional Interest) on any Security), then, anything herein contained to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee shall have full power and authority to receive such monies and to apply the same to the purpose for which they were received and shall not be affected by any notice to the contrary that may be received by it within two Business Days prior to such date. (b) The Trustee shall be entitled to rely on the delivery to it of a written notice by a Person representing himself or herself to be a holder of Senior Debt (or a trustee, agent, representative or attorney-in-fact therefor) to establish that such notice has been given by a holder of Senior Debt (or a trustee, agent, representative or attorney-in-fact therefor). In the event that the Trustee determines in good faith that further evidence is required with respect to the right of any Person as a holder of Senior Debt to participate in any payment or distribution pursuant to this Article XII, the Trustee may request such Person to furnish evidence to the reasonable satisfaction of the Trustee as to the amount of Senior Debt held by such Person, the extent to which such Person is entitled to participate in such payment or distribution and any other facts pertinent to the rights of such Person under this Article XII, and if such evidence is not furnished, the Trustee may defer any payment to such Person pending judicial determination as to the right of such Person to receive such payment. SECTION 12.9. Reliance on Judicial Order or Certificate of Liquidating Agent. Upon any payment or distribution of assets of the Company referred to in this Article XII, the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities shall be entitled to conclusively rely upon any order or decree entered by any court of competent jurisdiction in which such Proceeding is pending, or a certificate of the trustee in bankruptcy, receiver, liquidating trustee, custodian, assignee for the benefit of creditors, agent or other Person making such payment or distribution, delivered to the Trustee or to the Holders of Securities, for the purpose of ascertaining the Persons entitled to participate in such payment or distribution, the holders of the Senior Debt and other indebtedness 64 of the Company, the amount thereof or payable thereon, the amount or amounts paid or distributed thereon and all other facts pertinent thereto or to this Article XII. SECTION 12.10. Trustee Not Fiduciary for Holders of Senior Debt. The Trustee, in its capacity as trustee under this Indenture, shall not be deemed to owe any fiduciary duty to the holders of Senior Debt and shall not be liable to any such holders if it shall in good faith mistakenly pay over or distribute to Holders of Securities or to the Company or to any other Person cash, property or securities to which any holders of Senior Debt shall be entitled by virtue of this Article XII or otherwise. SECTION 12.11. Rights of Trustee as Holder of Senior Debt; Preservation of Trustee's Rights. The Trustee in its individual capacity shall be entitled to all the rights set forth in this Article XII with respect to any Senior Debt that may at any time be held by it, to the same extent as any other holder of Senior Debt, and nothing in this Indenture shall deprive the Trustee of any of its rights as such holder. SECTION 12.12. Article Applicable to Paying Agents. If at any time any Paying Agent other than the Trustee shall have been appointed by the Company and be then acting hereunder, the term "Trustee" as used in this Article XII shall in such case (unless the context otherwise requires) be construed as extending to and including such Paying Agent within its meaning as fully for all intents and purposes as if such Paying Agent were named in this Article XII in addition to or in place of the Trustee; provided, that Sections 12.8 and 12.11 shall not apply to the Company or any Affiliate of the Company if the Company or such Affiliate acts as Paying Agent. * * * * This instrument may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which so executed shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument. * * * * 65 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed as of the day and year first above written. NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE LIMITED PARTNERSHIP By : NorthStar Realty Finance Corp., as General Partner By: /s/ Mark E. Chertok -------------------------------------- Name: Mark E. Chertok Title: Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer. JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Trustee By: /s/ Marie D. Calzado -------------------------------------- Name: Marie D. Calzado Title: Vice President 66 SCHEDULE A DETERMINATION OF LIBOR With respect to the Securities, the London interbank offered rate ("LIBOR") shall be determined by the Calculation Agent in accordance with the following provisions (in each case rounded to the nearest .000001%): (1) On the second LIBOR Business Day (as defined below) prior to an Interest Payment Date (except with respect to the first interest payment period, such date shall be May 23, 2005) (each such day, a "LIBOR Determination Date"), LIBOR for any given security shall for the following interest payment period equal the rate, as obtained by the Calculation Agent from Bloomberg Financial Markets Commodities News, for three-month Eurodollar deposits that appears on Dow Jones Telerate Page 3750 (as defined in the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. 2000 Interest Rate and Currency Exchange Definitions), or such other page as may replace such Page 3750, as of 11:00 a.m. (London time) on such LIBOR Determination Date. (2) If, on any LIBOR Determination Date, such rate does not appear on Dow Jones Telerate Page 3750 or such other page as may replace such Page 3750, the Calculation Agent shall determine the arithmetic mean of the offered quotations of the Reference Banks (as defined below) to leading banks in the London interbank market for three-month Eurodollar deposits in an amount determined by the Calculation Agent by reference to requests for quotations as of approximately 11:00 a.m. (London time) on the LIBOR Determination Date made by the Calculation Agent to the Reference Banks. If, on any LIBOR Determination Date, at least two of the Reference Banks provide such quotations, LIBOR shall equal such arithmetic mean of such quotations. If, on any LIBOR Determination Date, only one or none of the Reference Banks provide such quotations, LIBOR shall be deemed to be the arithmetic mean of the offered quotations that leading banks in the City of New York selected by the Calculation Agent are quoting on the relevant LIBOR Determination Date for three-month Eurodollar deposits in an amount determined by the Calculation Agent by reference to the principal London offices of leading banks in the London interbank market; provided that, if the Calculation Agent is required but is unable to determine a rate in accordance with at least one of the procedures provided above, LIBOR shall be LIBOR as determined on the previous LIBOR Determination Date. (3) As used herein: "Reference Banks" means four major banks in the London interbank market selected by the Calculation Agent; and "LIBOR Business Day" means a day on which commercial banks are open for business (including dealings in foreign exchange and foreign currency deposits) in London. Schedule A-1 EXHIBIT A FORM OF OFFICER'S FINANCIAL CERTIFICATE The undersigned, the [Chief Financial Officer/Treasurer/Assistant Treasurer/ Secretary/ Assistant Secretary, Chairman/ViceChairman/Chief Executive Officer/President/Vice President] of NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. (the "Company") hereby certifies, pursuant to Section 7.3(b) of the Junior Subordinated Indenture, dated as of May 25, 2005 (the "Indenture"), among NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as trustee, that, as of [date], [20__], the Company had the following consolidated ratios and balances and, if applicable, its unconsolidated subsidiaries had the following rations and balances: As of [Quarterly/Annual Financial Date], 20__ <TABLE> The Company and Consolidated The Company and Subsidiaries & Consolidated Unconsolidated Subsidiaries Subsidiaries --------------- --------------- Senior secured indebtedness for borrowed money ("Debt") $____ $____ Senior unsecured Debt $____ $____ Subordinated Debt $____ $____ Total Debt $____ $____ Ratio of (x) senior secured and unsecured Debt to (y) total Debt ____% ____% </TABLE> [FOR FISCAL YEAR END: Attached hereto are the audited consolidated financial statements (including the balance sheet, income statement and statement of cash flows, and notes thereto, together with the report of the independent accountants thereon) of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries for the three years ended [date], 20__.] [FOR FISCAL QUARTER END: Attached hereto are the unaudited consolidated financial statements (including the balance sheet and income statement) of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries for the fiscal quarter ended [date], 20__.] The financial statements fairly present in all material respects, in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"), the financial position of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries, and the results of operations and changes in financial condition as of the date, and for the [quarter] [annual] period ended [date], 20__, and such financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP consistently applied throughout the period involved (expect as otherwise noted therein).EXHIBIT A IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this Officer's Financial Certificate as of this _____ day of _____________, 20__ NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE CORP. By: ------------------------------ Name: Title:
EXECUTION COPY ================================================================================ AMENDED AND RESTATED TRUST AGREEMENT among NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, as Depositor JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION as Property Trustee CHASE BANK USA, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Delaware Trustee and THE ADMINISTRATIVE TRUSTEES NAMED HEREIN as Administrative Trustees ---------- Dated as of May 25, 2005 ---------- NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE TRUST II ================================================================================ CONTENTS CLAUSE PAGE ---- ARTICLE I. Defined Terms............................................ 1 Section 1.1. Definitions.......................................... 1 ARTICLE II. The Trust................................................ 11 Section 2.1. Name................................................. 11 Section 2.2. Office of the Delaware Trustee; Principal Place of Business.......................................... 11 Section 2.3. Initial Contribution of Trust Property; Fees, Costs and Expenses...................................... 11 Section 2.4. Purposes of Trust.................................... 12 Section 2.5. Authorization to Enter into Certain Transactions..... 12 Section 2.6. Assets of Trust...................................... 15 Section 2.7. Title to Trust Property.............................. 15 ARTICLE III. Payment Account; Paying Agents........................... 15 Section 3.1. Payment Account...................................... 15 Section 3.2. Appointment of Paying Agents......................... 15 ARTICLE IV. Distributions; Redemption................................ 16 Section 4.1. Distributions........................................ 16 Section 4.2. Redemption........................................... 18 Section 4.3. Subordination of Common Securities................... 20 Section 4.4. Payment Procedures................................... 21 Section 4.5. Withholding Tax...................................... 21 Section 4.6. Tax Returns and Other Reports........................ 22 Section 4.7. Payment of Taxes, Duties, Etc. of the Trust.......... 22 Section 4.8. Payments under Indenture or Pursuant to Direct Actions........................................... 22 Section 4.9. Exchanges............................................ 22 Section 4.10. Calculation Agent.................................... 23 Section 4.11. Certain Accounting Matters........................... 24 ARTICLE V. Securities............................................... 25 Section 5.1. Initial Ownership.................................... 25 Section 5.2. Authorized Trust Securities.......................... 25 Section 5.3. Issuance of the Common Securities; Subscription and Purchase of Notes................................. 25 Section 5.4. The Securities Certificates.......................... 25 Section 5.5. Rights of Holders.................................... 26 Section 5.6. Book-Entry Preferred Securities...................... 26 Section 5.7. Registration of Transfer and Exchange of Preferred Securities Certificates........................... 28 i CONTENTS CLAUSE PAGE ---- Section 5.8. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Securities Certificates...................................... 29 Section 5.9. Persons Deemed Holders............................... 30 Section 5.10. Cancellation......................................... 30 Section 5.11. Ownership of Common Securities by Depositor.......... 31 Section 5.12. Restricted Legends................................... 31 Section 5.13. Form of Certificate of Authentication................ 33 ARTICLE VI. Meetings; Voting; Acts of Holders........................ 34 Section 6.1. Notice of Meetings................................... 34 Section 6.2. Meetings of Holders of the Preferred Securities...... 34 Section 6.3. Voting Rights........................................ 35 Section 6.4. Proxies, Etc......................................... 35 Section 6.5. Holder Action by Written Consent..................... 35 Section 6.6. Record Date for Voting and Other Purposes............ 35 Section 6.7. Acts of Holders...................................... 35 Section 6.8. Inspection of Records................................ 36 Section 6.9. Limitations on Voting Rights......................... 37 Section 6.10. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission of Annulment; Waivers of Past Defaults.......................... 37 ARTICLE VII. Representations and Warranties........................... 40 Section 7.1. Representations and Warranties of the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee.................. 40 Section 7.2. Representations and Warranties of Depositor............. 41 ARTICLE VIII. The Trustees............................................. 42 Section 8.1. Number of Trustees................................... 42 Section 8.2. Property Trustee Required............................ 42 Section 8.3. Delaware Trustee Required............................ 43 Section 8.4. Appointment of Administrative Trustees............... 43 Section 8.5. Duties and Responsibilities of the Trustees.......... 43 Section 8.6. Notices of Defaults and Extensions................... 45 Section 8.7. Certain Rights of Property Trustee................... 45 Section 8.8. Delegation of Power.................................. 48 Section 8.9. May Hold Securities.................................. 48 Section 8.10. Compensation; Reimbursement; Indemnity............... 48 Section 8.11. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor.... 49 Section 8.12. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor............... 50 Section 8.13. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business.......................................... 51 ii CONTENTS CLAUSE PAGE ---- Section 8.14. Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities........................................ 51 Section 8.15. Property Trustee May File Proofs of Claim............ 51 Section 8.16. Reports to the Property Trustee...................... 52 ARTICLE IX. Termination, Liquidation and Merger...................... 53 Section 9.1. Dissolution Upon Expiration Date..................... 53 Section 9.2. Early Termination.................................... 53 Section 9.3. Termination.......................................... 53 Section 9.4. Liquidation.......................................... 53 Section 9.5. Mergers, Consolidations, Amalgamations or Replacements of Trust............................. 55 ARTICLE X. Miscellaneous Provisions................................. 56 Section 10.1. Limitation of Rights of Holders...................... 56 Section 10.2. Agreed Tax Treatment of Trust and Trust Securities... 56 Section 10.3. Amendment............................................ 57 Section 10.4. Separability......................................... 58 Section 10.5. Governing Law........................................ 58 Section 10.6. Successors........................................... 58 Section 10.7. Headings............................................. 58 Section 10.8. Reports, Notices and Demands......................... 59 Section 10.9. Agreement Not to Petition............................ 59 Section 10.10. Counterparts......................................... 60 Exhibit A Certificate of Trust of NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II Exhibit B Form of Common Securities Certificate Exhibit C Form of Preferred Securities Certificate Exhibit D Junior Subordinated Indenture Exhibit E Form of Transferor Certificate to be Executed by Transferees Exhibit F Form of Officer's Financial Certificate of the Depositor Schedule A Calculation of LIBOR iii THIS AMENDED AND RESTATED TRUST AGREEMENT, dated as of May 25, 2005, among (i) NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership, a Delaware limited partnership (including any successors or permitted assigns, the "Depositor"), (ii) JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, a national banking association, as property trustee (in such capacity, the "Property Trustee"), (iii) Chase Bank USA, National Association, a national banking association, as Delaware trustee (in such capacity, the "Delaware Trustee"), (iv) David T. Hamamoto, an individual, Mark E. Chertok, an individual and Richard J. McCready, an individual, each of whose address is c/o NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership, 527 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10022, as administrative trustees (in such capacities, each an "Administrative Trustee" and, collectively, the "Administrative Trustees" and, together with the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee, the "Trustees") and (v) the several Holders, as hereinafter defined. WITNESSETH WHEREAS, the Depositor and the Delaware Trustee have heretofore created a Delaware statutory trust pursuant to the Delaware Statutory Trust Act by entering into a Trust Agreement, dated as of May 13, 2005 (the "Original Trust Agreement"), and by executing and filing with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware the Certificate of Trust, substantially in the form attached as Exhibit A; and WHEREAS, the Depositor and the Trustees desire to amend and restate the Original Trust Agreement in its entirety as set forth herein to provide for, among other things, (i) the issuance of the Common Securities by the Trust to the Depositor, (ii) the issuance and sale of the Preferred Securities by the Trust pursuant to the Purchase Agreement and (iii) the acquisition by the Trust from the Depositor of all of the right, title and interest in and to the Notes; NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the agreements and obligations set forth herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, each party, for the benefit of the other parties and for the benefit of the Holders, hereby amends and restates the Original Trust Agreement in its entirety and agrees as follows: ARTICLE I. DEFINED TERMS SECTION 1.1. Definitions. For all purposes of this Trust Agreement, except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires: (a) the terms defined in this Article I have the meanings assigned to them in this Article I; (b) the words "include", "includes" and "including" shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase "without limitation"; (c) all accounting terms used but not defined herein have the meanings assigned to them in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles; (d) unless the context otherwise requires, any reference to an "Article", a "Section", a "Schedule" or an "Exhibit" refers to an Article, a Section, a Schedule or an Exhibit, as the case may be, of or to this Trust Agreement; (e) the words "hereby", "herein", "hereof" and "hereunder" and other words of similar import refer to this Trust Agreement as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision; (f) a reference to the singular includes the plural and vice versa; and (g) the masculine, feminine or neuter genders used herein shall include the masculine, feminine and neuter genders. "Act" has the meaning specified in Section 6.7. "Additional Interest" has the meaning specified in Section 1.1 of the Indenture. "Additional Interest Amount" means, with respect to Trust Securities of a given Liquidation Amount and/or a given period, the amount of Additional Interest paid by the Depositor on a Like Amount of Notes for such period. "Additional Taxes" has the meaning specified in Section 1.1 of the Indenture. "Additional Tax Sums" has the meaning specified in Section 10.5 of the Indenture. "Administrative Trustee" means each of the Persons identified as an "Administrative Trustee" in the preamble to this Trust Agreement, solely in each such Person's capacity as Administrative Trustee of the Trust and not in such Person's individual capacity, or any successor Administrative Trustee appointed as herein provided. "Affiliate" of any specified Person means any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified Person. For the purposes of this definition, "control" when used with respect to any specified Person means the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms "controlling" and "controlled" have meanings correlative to the foregoing. "Applicable Depositary Procedures" means, with respect to any transfer or transaction involving a Book-Entry Preferred Security, the rules and procedures of the Depositary for such Book-Entry Preferred Security, in each case to the extent applicable to such transaction and as in effect from time to time. 2 "Bankruptcy Event" means, with respect to any Person: (a) the entry of a decree or order by a court having jurisdiction in the premises (i) judging such Person a bankrupt or insolvent, (ii) approving as properly filed a petition seeking reorganization, arrangement, adjudication or composition of or in respect of such Person under any applicable Federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar law, (iii) appointing a custodian, receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator or other similar official of such Person or of any substantial part of its property or (iv) ordering the winding up or liquidation of its affairs, and the continuance of any such decree or order unstayed and in effect for a period of sixty (60) consecutive days; or (b) the institution by such Person of proceedings to be adjudicated a bankrupt or insolvent, or the consent by it to the institution of bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings against it, or the filing by it of a petition or answer or consent seeking reorganization or relief under any applicable Federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar law, or the consent by it to the filing of any such petition or to the appointment of a custodian, receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator or similar official of such Person or of any substantial part of its property, or the making by it of an assignment for the benefit of creditors, or the admission by it in writing of its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due and its willingness to be adjudicated a bankrupt or insolvent, or the taking of corporate action by such Person in furtherance of any such action. "Bankruptcy Laws" means all Federal and state bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization and other similar laws, including the United States Bankruptcy Code. "Book-Entry Preferred Security" means a Preferred Security, the ownership and transfers of which shall be made through book entries by a Depositary. "Business Day" means a day other than (a) a Saturday or Sunday, (b) a day on which banking institutions in the City of New York are authorized or required by law or executive order to remain closed or (c) a day on which the Corporate Trust Office is closed for business. "Calculation Agent" has the meaning specified in Section 4.10. "Closing Date" has the meaning specified in the Purchase Agreement. "Code" means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. "Commission" means the Securities and Exchange Commission, as from time to time constituted, created under the Exchange Act or, if at any time after the execution of this Trust 3 Agreement such Commission is not existing and performing the duties assigned to it, then the body performing such duties at such time. "Common Securities Certificate" means a certificate evidencing ownership of Common Securities, substantially in the form attached as Exhibit B. "Common Security" means an undivided beneficial interest in the assets of the Trust, having a Liquidation Amount of $1,000 and having the rights provided therefor in this Trust Agreement. "Corporate Trust Office" means the principal office of the Property Trustee at which any particular time its corporate trust business shall be administered, which office at the date of this Trust Agreement is located at 600 Travis, 50th Floor, Houston, Texas 77002, Attention: Institutional Trust Services-- NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II. "Definitive Preferred Securities Certificates" means Preferred Securities issued in certificated, fully registered form that are not Global Preferred Securities. "Delaware Statutory Trust Act" means Chapter 38 of Title 12 of the Delaware Code, 12 Del. Code Section 3801 et seq., or any successor statute thereto, in each case as amended from time to time. "Delaware Trustee" means the Person identified as the "Delaware Trustee" in the preamble to this Trust Agreement, solely in its capacity as Delaware Trustee of the Trust and not in its individual capacity, or its successor in interest in such capacity, or any successor Delaware Trustee appointed as herein provided. "Depositary" means an organization registered as a clearing agency under the Exchange Act that is designated as Depositary by the Depositor or any successor thereto. DTC will be the initial Depositary. "Depositary Participant" means a broker, dealer, bank, other financial institution or other Person for whom from time to time the Depositary effects book-entry transfers and pledges of securities deposited with the Depositary. "Depositor" has the meaning specified in the preamble to this Trust Agreement and any successors and permitted assigns. "Depositor Affiliate" has the meaning specified in Section 4.9. "Distribution Date" has the meaning specified in Section 4.1(a)(i). "Distributions" means amounts payable in respect of the Trust Securities as provided in Section 4.1. "DTC" means The Depository Trust Company, a New York corporation, or any successor thereto. 4 "Early Termination Event" has the meaning specified in Section 9.2. "Event of Default" means any one of the following events (whatever the reason for such event and whether it shall be voluntary or involuntary or be effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body): (a) the occurrence of a Note Event of Default; or (b) default by the Trust in the payment of any Distribution when it becomes due and payable, and continuation of such default for a period of thirty (30) days; or (c) default by the Trust in the payment of any Redemption Price of any Trust Security when it becomes due and payable; or (d) default in the performance, or breach, in any material respect of any covenant or warranty of the Trustees in this Trust Agreement (other than those specified in clause (b) or (c) above) and continuation of such default or breach for a period of thirty (30) days after there has been given, by registered or certified mail, to the Trustees and to the Depositor by the Holders of at least twenty five percent (25%) in aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Outstanding Preferred Securities a written notice specifying such default or breach and requiring it to be remedied and stating that such notice is a "Notice of Default" hereunder; or (e) the occurrence of a Bankruptcy Event with respect to the Property Trustee if a successor Property Trustee has not been appointed within ninety (90) days thereof. "Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and any successor statute thereto, in each case as amended from time to time. "Expiration Date" has the meaning specified in Section 9.1. "Extension Period" has the meaning specified in Section 4.1(a)(ii). "Extension Right" has the meaning specified in Section 4.1(a)(ii). "Fiscal Year" shall be the fiscal year of the Trust, which shall be the calendar year, or such other period as is required by the Code. "Fixed Rate Period" shall mean the period through the interest payment date in June 2015. "Global Preferred Security" means a Preferred Securities Certificate evidencing ownership of Book-Entry Preferred Securities. 5 "Holder" means a Person in whose name a Trust Security or Trust Securities are registered in the Securities Register; any such Person shall be deemed to be a beneficial owner within the meaning of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act. "Indemnified Person" has the meaning specified in Section 8.10(c). "Indenture" means the Junior Subordinated Indenture executed and delivered by the Depositor and the Note Trustee contemporaneously with the execution and delivery of this Trust Agreement, for the benefit of the holders of the Notes, a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit D, as amended or supplemented from time to time. "Indenture Redemption Price" means the Optional Note Redemption Price or the Special Note Redemption Price, as applicable. "Interest Payment Date" has the meaning specified in Section 1.1 of the Indenture. "Investment Company Act" means the Investment Company Act of 1940, or any successor statute thereto, in each case as amended from time to time. "Investment Company Event" has the meaning specified in Section 1.1 of the Indenture. "LIBOR" has the meaning specified in Schedule A. "LIBOR Business Day" has the meaning specified in Schedule A. "LIBOR Determination Date" has the meaning specified in Schedule A. "Lien" means any lien, pledge, charge, encumbrance, mortgage, deed of trust, adverse ownership interest, hypothecation, assignment, security interest or preference, priority or other security agreement or preferential arrangement of any kind or nature whatsoever. "Like Amount" means (a) with respect to a redemption of any Trust Securities, Trust Securities having a Liquidation Amount equal to the principal amount of Notes to be contemporaneously redeemed or paid at maturity in accordance with the Indenture, the proceeds of which will be used to pay the Redemption Price of such Trust Securities, (b) with respect to a distribution of Notes to Holders of Trust Securities in connection with a dissolution of the Trust, Notes having a principal amount equal to the Liquidation Amount of the Trust Securities of the Holder to whom such Notes are distributed and (c) with respect to any distribution of Additional Interest Amounts to Holders of Trust Securities, Notes having a principal amount equal to the Liquidation Amount of the Trust Securities in respect of which such distribution is made. "Liquidation Amount" means the stated amount of $1,000 per Trust Security. "Liquidation Date" means the date on which assets are to be distributed to Holders in accordance with Section 9.4(a) hereunder following dissolution of the Trust. "Liquidation Distribution" has the meaning specified in Section 9.4(d). 6 "Majority in Liquidation Amount" means Common or Preferred Securities, as the case may be, representing more than fifty percent (50%) of the aggregate Liquidation Amount of all (or a specified group of) then Outstanding Common or Preferred Securities, as the case may be. "Note Event of Default" means any "Event of Default" specified in Section 5.1 of the Indenture. "Note Redemption Date" means, with respect to any Notes to be redeemed under the Indenture, the date fixed for redemption of such Notes under the Indenture. "Note Trustee" means the Person identified as the "Trustee" in the Indenture, solely in its capacity as Trustee pursuant to the Indenture and not in its individual capacity, or its successor in interest in such capacity, or any successor Trustee appointed as provided in the Indenture. "Notes" means the Depositor's Floating Rate Junior Subordinated Notes issued pursuant to the Indenture. "Officers' Certificate" means a certificate signed by the Chief Executive Officer, the President or an Executive Vice President, and by the Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, of the Depositor, and delivered to the Trustees. Any Officers' Certificate delivered with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Trust Agreement (other than the certificate provided pursuant to Section 8.16 which is not an Officers' Certificate) shall include: (a) a statement by each officer signing the Officers' Certificate that such officer has read the covenant or condition and the definitions relating thereto; (b) a brief statement of the nature and scope of the examination or investigation undertaken by such officer in rendering the Officers' Certificate; (c) a statement that such officer has made such examination or investigation as, in such officer's opinion, is necessary to enable such officer to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and (d) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of such officer, such condition or covenant has been complied with. "Operative Documents" means the Purchase Agreement, the Indenture, the Trust Agreement, the Notes and the Trust Securities. "Opinion of Counsel" means a written opinion of counsel, who may be counsel for, or an employee of, the Depositor or any Affiliate of the Depositor. 7 "Optional Redemption Price" means, with respect to any Trust Security, an amount equal to one hundred percent (100%) of the Liquidation Amount of such Trust Security on the Redemption Date, plus accumulated and unpaid Distributions to the Redemption Date, plus the related amount of the premium, if any, and/or accrued interest, including Additional Interest, if any, thereon paid by the Depositor upon the concurrent redemption or payment at maturity of a Like Amount of Notes. "Optional Note Redemption Price" means, with respect to any Note to be redeemed on any Redemption Date under the Indenture, an amount equal to one hundred percent (100%) of the outstanding principal amount of such Note, together with accrued interest, including any Additional Interest (to the extent legally enforceable), thereon through but not including the date fixed as such Redemption Date. "Original Issue Date" means the date of original issuance of the Trust Securities. "Original Trust Agreement" has the meaning specified in the recitals to this Trust Agreement. "Outstanding", when used with respect to any Trust Securities, means, as of the date of determination, all Trust Securities theretofore executed and delivered under this Trust Agreement, except: (a) Trust Securities theretofore canceled by the Property Trustee or delivered to the Property Trustee for cancellation; (b) Trust Securities for which payment or redemption money in the necessary amount has been theretofore deposited with the Property Trustee or any Paying Agent in trust for the Holders of such Trust Securities; provided, that if such Trust Securities are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly given pursuant to this Trust Agreement; and (c) Trust Securities that have been paid or in exchange for or in lieu of which other Trust Securities have been executed and delivered pursuant to the provisions of this Trust Agreement, unless proof satisfactory to the Property Trustee is presented that any such Trust Securities are held by Holders in whose hands such Trust Securities are valid, legal and binding obligations of the Trust; provided, that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite Liquidation Amount of the Outstanding Preferred Securities have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, Preferred Securities owned by the Depositor, any Trustee or any Affiliate of the Depositor or of any Trustee shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except that (i) in determining whether any Trustee shall be protected in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, only Preferred Securities that such Trustee knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded and (ii) the foregoing shall not apply at any time when all of the Outstanding Preferred Securities are owned by the Depositor, one or more of the Trustees and/or any such Affiliate. Preferred Securities so owned that have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Administrative Trustees the pledgee's right so to act with 8 respect to such Preferred Securities and that the pledgee is not the Depositor, any Trustee or any Affiliate of the Depositor or of any Trustee. "Owner" means each Person who is the beneficial owner of Book-Entry Preferred Securities as reflected in the records of the Depositary or, if a Depositary Participant is not the beneficial owner, then the beneficial owner as reflected in the records of the Depositary Participant. "Paying Agent" means any Person authorized by the Administrative Trustees to pay Distributions or other amounts in respect of any Trust Securities on behalf of the Trust. "Payment Account" means a segregated non-interest-bearing corporate trust account maintained by the Property Trustee for the benefit of the Holders in which all amounts paid in respect of the Notes will be held and from which the Property Trustee, through the Paying Agent, shall make payments to the Holders in accordance with Sections 3.1, 4.1 and 4.2. "Person" means a legal person, including any individual, corporation, estate, partnership, joint venture, association, joint stock company, company, limited liability company, trust, unincorporated association or government, or any agency or political subdivision thereof, or any other entity of whatever nature. "Preferred Security" means an undivided beneficial interest in the assets of the Trust, having a Liquidation Amount of $1,000 and having the rights provided therefor in this Trust Agreement. "Preferred Securities Certificate" means a certificate evidencing ownership of Preferred Securities, substantially in the form attached as Exhibit C. "Property Trustee" means the Person identified as the "Property Trustee" in the preamble to this Trust Agreement, solely in its capacity as Property Trustee of the Trust and not in its individual capacity, or its successor in interest in such capacity, or any successor Property Trustee appointed as herein provided. "Purchase Agreement" means the Purchase Agreement executed and delivered by the Trust, the Depositor and Merrill Lynch International, as purchaser, contemporaneously with the execution and delivery of this Trust Agreement, as amended from time to time. "QIB" means a "qualified institutional buyer" as defined in Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. "QP" means a "qualified purchaser" as defined in Section 2(a)(51) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. "QIB/QP" means a QIB that is also a QP. "Redemption Date" means, with respect to any Trust Security to be redeemed, the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to this Trust Agreement; provided, that each Note 9 Redemption Date and the stated maturity (or any date of principal repayment upon early maturity) of the Notes shall be a Redemption Date for a Like Amount of Trust Securities. "Redemption Price" means the Special Redemption Price or Optional Redemption Price, as applicable. If the Depositor has redeemed the Notes at the Special Note Redemption Price, the Trust shall redeem the Trust Securities at the Special Redemption Price. If the Depositor has redeemed the Notes at the Optional Note Redemption Price, the Trust shall redeem the Trust Securities at the Optional Redemption Price. "Reference Banks" has the meaning specified in Schedule A. "Responsible Officer" means, with respect to the Property Trustee, the officer in the Institutional Trust Services department of the Property Trustee having direct responsibility for the administration of this Trust Agreement. "Securities Act" means the Securities Act of 1933, and any successor statute thereto, in each case as amended from time to time. "Securities Certificate" means any one of the Common Securities Certificates or the Preferred Securities Certificates. "Securities Register" and "Securities Registrar" have the respective meanings specified in Section 5.7. "Special Redemption Price" means, with respect to any Trust Security, an amount equal to one hundred seven and one half percent (107.5%) of the Liquidation Amount of such Trust Security on the Redemption Date, plus accumulated and unpaid Distributions to the Redemption Date, plus the related amount of the premium, if any, and/or accrued interest, including Additional Interest, if any, thereon paid by the Depositor upon the concurrent redemption or payment at maturity of a Like Amount of Notes. "Special Note Redemption Price" means, with respect to any Note to be redeemed on any Redemption Date under the Indenture, an amount equal to one hundred seven and one half percent (107.5%) of the outstanding principal amount of such Note, together with accrued interest, including Additional Interest, thereon through but not including the date fixed as such Redemption Date. "Successor Securities" has the meaning specified in Section 9.5(a). "Tax Event" has the meaning specified in Section 1.1 of the Indenture. "Trust" means the Delaware statutory trust known as "NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II," which was created on May 13, 2005 under the Delaware Statutory Trust Act pursuant to the Original Trust Agreement and the filing of the Certificate of Trust, and continued pursuant to this Trust Agreement. 10 "Trust Agreement" means this Amended and Restated Trust Agreement, as the same may be modified, amended or supplemented from time to time in accordance with the applicable provisions hereof, including all Schedules and Exhibits. "Trustees" means the Administrative Trustees, the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee, each as defined in this Article I. "Trust Property" means (a) the Notes, (b) any cash on deposit in, or owing to, the Payment Account and (c) all proceeds and rights in respect of the foregoing and any other property and assets for the time being held or deemed to be held by the Property Trustee pursuant to the trusts of this Trust Agreement. "Trust Security" means any one of the Common Securities or the Preferred Securities. ARTICLE II. THE TRUST SECTION 2.1. Name. The trust continued hereby shall be known as "NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II", as such name may be modified from time to time by the Administrative Trustees following written notice to the Holders of Trust Securities and the other Trustees, in which name the Trustees may conduct the business of the Trust, make and execute contracts and other instruments on behalf of the Trust and sue and be sued. SECTION 2.2. Office of the Delaware Trustee; Principal Place of Business. The address of the Delaware Trustee in the State of Delaware is Chase Bank USA, National Association, 500 Stanton Christiana Road, Building 4 (3rd Floor), Newark, DE 19713, Attention: Institutional Trust Services, or such other address in the State of Delaware as the Delaware Trustee may designate by written notice to the Holders, the Depositor, the Property Trustee and the Administrative Trustees. The principal executive office of the Trust is 527 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10022, Attention: Richard J. McCready, as such address may be changed from time to time by the Administrative Trustees following written notice to the Holders and the other Trustees. SECTION 2.3. Initial Contribution of Trust Property; Fees, Costs and Expenses. The Property Trustee acknowledges receipt from the Depositor in connection with the Original Trust Agreement of the sum of ten dollars ($10), which constituted the initial Trust Property. The Depositor shall pay all fees, costs and expenses of the Trust (except with respect to the Trust Securities) as they arise or shall, upon request of any Trustee, promptly reimburse such Trustee for any such fees, costs and expenses paid by such Trustee. The Depositor shall make no claim upon the Trust Property for the payment of such fees, costs or expenses. 11 SECTION 2.4. Purposes of Trust. (a) The exclusive purposes and functions of the Trust are to (i) issue and sell Trust Securities and use the proceeds from such sale to acquire the Notes and (ii) engage in only those activities necessary or incidental thereto. The Delaware Trustee, the Property Trustee and the Administrative Trustees are trustees of the Trust, and have all the rights, powers and duties to the extent set forth herein. The Trustees hereby acknowledge that they are trustees of the Trust. (b) So long as this Trust Agreement remains in effect, the Trust (or the Trustees acting on behalf of the Trust) shall not undertake any business, activities or transaction except as expressly provided herein or contemplated hereby. In particular, the Trust (or the Trustees acting on behalf of the Trust) shall not (i) acquire any investments or engage in any activities not authorized by this Trust Agreement, (ii) sell, assign, transfer, exchange, mortgage, pledge, set-off or otherwise dispose of any of the Trust Property or interests therein, including to Holders, except as expressly provided herein, (iii) incur any indebtedness for borrowed money or issue any other debt, (iv) take or consent to any action that would result in the placement of a Lien on any of the Trust Property, (v) take or consent to any action that would reasonably be expected to cause the Trust to become taxable as a corporation or classified as other than a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes, (vi) take or consent to any action that would cause the Notes to be treated as other than indebtedness of the Depositor for United States federal income tax purposes or (vii) take or consent to any action that would cause the Trust to be deemed to be an "investment company" required to be registered under the Investment Company Act. SECTION 2.5. Authorization to Enter into Certain Transactions. (a) The Trustees shall conduct the affairs of the Trust in accordance with and subject to the terms of this Trust Agreement. In accordance with the following provisions (i) and (ii), the Trustees shall have the authority to enter into all transactions and agreements determined by the Trustees to be appropriate in exercising the authority, express or implied, otherwise granted to the Trustees, under this Trust Agreement, and to perform all acts in furtherance thereof, including the following: (i) As among the Trustees, each Administrative Trustee shall severally have the power and authority to act on behalf of the Trust with respect to the following matters: (A) the issuance and sale of the Trust Securities; (B) to cause the Trust to enter into, and to execute, deliver and perform on behalf of the Trust, such agreements as may be necessary or desirable in connection with the purposes and function of the Trust, including, without limitation, a common securities subscription agreement and a junior subordinated note purchase agreement; (C) assisting in the sale of the Preferred Securities in one or more transactions exempt from registration under the Securities Act, and in compliance with applicable state securities or blue sky laws; 12 (D) assisting in the sending of notices (other than notices of default) and other information regarding the Trust Securities and the Notes to the Holders in accordance with this Trust Agreement; (E) the appointment of a Paying Agent and Securities Registrar in accordance with this Trust Agreement; (F) execution of the Trust Securities on behalf of the Trust in accordance with this Trust Agreement; (G) execution and delivery of closing certificates, if any, pursuant to the Purchase Agreement and application for a taxpayer identification number for the Trust; (H) preparation and filing of all applicable tax returns and tax information reports that are required to be filed on behalf of the Trust; (I) establishing a record date with respect to all actions to be taken hereunder that require a record date to be established, except as provided in Section 6.10(a); (J) unless otherwise required by the Delaware Statutory Trust Act to execute on behalf of the Trust (either acting alone or together with the other Administrative Trustees) any documents that such Administrative Trustee has the power to execute pursuant to this Trust Agreement; and (K) the taking of any action incidental to the foregoing as such Administrative Trustee may from time to time determine is necessary or advisable to give effect to the terms of this Trust Agreement. (ii) As among the Trustees, the Property Trustee shall have the power, duty and authority to act on behalf of the Trust with respect to the following matters: (A) the receipt and holding of legal title of the Notes; (B) the establishment of the Payment Account; (C) the collection of interest, principal and any other payments made in respect of the Notes and the holding of such amounts in the Payment Account; (D) the distribution through the Paying Agent of amounts distributable to the Holders in respect of the Trust Securities; (E) the exercise of all of the rights, powers and privileges of a holder of the Notes in accordance with the terms of this Trust Agreement; 13 (F) the sending of notices of default and other information regarding the Trust Securities and the Notes to the Holders in accordance with this Trust Agreement; (G) the distribution of the Trust Property in accordance with the terms of this Trust Agreement; (H) to the extent provided in this Trust Agreement, the winding up of the affairs of and liquidation of the Trust, provided that the Administrative Trustees shall have the power, duty and authority to act on behalf of the Trust with respect to the preparation, execution and filing of the certificate of cancellation of the Trust with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware; and (I) the taking of any action incidental to the foregoing as the Property Trustee may from time to time determine is necessary or advisable to give effect to the terms of this Trust Agreement and protect and conserve the Trust Property for the benefit of the Holders (without consideration of the effect of any such action on any particular Holder). (b) In connection with the issue and sale of the Preferred Securities, the Depositor shall have the right and responsibility to assist the Trust with respect to, or effect on behalf of the Trust, the following (and any actions taken by the Depositor in furtherance of the following prior to the date of this Trust Agreement are hereby ratified and confirmed in all respects): (i) the negotiation of the terms of, and the execution and delivery of, the Purchase Agreement providing for the sale of the Preferred Securities in one or more transactions exempt from registration under the Securities Act, and in compliance with applicable state securities or blue sky laws; and (ii) the taking of any other actions necessary or desirable to carry out any of the foregoing activities. (c) Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Administrative Trustees are authorized and directed to conduct the affairs of the Trust and authorized to operate the Trust so that the Trust will not be taxable as a corporation or classified as other than a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes, so that the Notes will be treated as indebtedness of the Depositor for United States federal income tax purposes and so that the Trust will not be deemed to be an "investment company" required to be registered under the Investment Company Act. In respect thereof, each Administrative Trustee is authorized to take any action, not inconsistent with applicable law, the Certificate of Trust or this Trust Agreement, that such Administrative Trustee determines in his or her discretion to be necessary or desirable for such purposes, as long as such action does not adversely affect in any material respect the interests of the Holders of the Outstanding Preferred Securities. In no event shall the Administrative Trustees be liable to the Trust or the Holders for any failure to comply with this Section 2.5 to the extent that such failure results solely from a change in law or regulation or in the interpretation thereof. 14 (d) Any action taken by a Trustee in accordance with its powers shall constitute the act of and serve to bind the Trust. In dealing with any Trustee acting on behalf of the Trust, no Person shall be required to inquire into the authority of such Trustee to bind the Trust. Persons dealing with the Trust are entitled to rely conclusively on the power and authority of any Trustee as set forth in this Trust Agreement. SECTION 2.6. Assets of Trust. The assets of the Trust shall consist of the Trust Property. SECTION 2.7. Title to Trust Property. (a) Legal title to all Trust Property shall be vested at all times in the Property Trustee and shall be held and administered by the Property Trustee in trust for the benefit of the Trust and the Holders in accordance with this Trust Agreement. (b) The Holders shall not have any right or title to the Trust Property other than the undivided beneficial interest in the assets of the Trust conferred by their Trust Securities and they shall have no right to call for any partition or division of property, profits or rights of the Trust except as described below. The Trust Securities shall be personal property giving only the rights specifically set forth therein and in this Trust Agreement. ARTICLE III. PAYMENT ACCOUNT; PAYING AGENTS SECTION 3.1. Payment Account. (a) On or prior to the Closing Date, the Property Trustee shall establish the Payment Account. The Property Trustee and the Paying Agent shall have exclusive control and sole right of withdrawal with respect to the Payment Account for the purpose of making deposits in and withdrawals from the Payment Account in accordance with this Trust Agreement. All monies and other property deposited or held from time to time in the Payment Account shall be held by the Property Trustee in the Payment Account for the exclusive benefit of the Holders and for Distribution as herein provided. (b) The Property Trustee shall deposit in the Payment Account, promptly upon receipt, all payments of principal of or interest on, and any other payments with respect to, the Notes. Amounts held in the Payment Account shall not be invested by the Property Trustee pending distribution thereof. SECTION 3.2. Appointment of Paying Agents. The Paying Agent shall initially be the Property Trustee. The Paying Agent shall make Distributions to Holders from the Payment Account and shall report the amounts of such Distributions to the Property Trustee and the Administrative Trustees. Any Paying Agent shall have the revocable power to withdraw funds from the Payment Account solely for the purpose of 15 making the Distributions referred to above. The Administrative Trustees may revoke such power and remove the Paying Agent in their sole discretion. Any Person acting as Paying Agent shall be permitted to resign as Paying Agent upon thirty (30) days' written notice to the Administrative Trustees and the Property Trustee. If the Property Trustee shall no longer be the Paying Agent or a successor Paying Agent shall resign or its authority to act be revoked, the Administrative Trustees shall appoint a successor (which shall be a bank or trust company) to act as Paying Agent. Such successor Paying Agent appointed by the Administrative Trustees shall execute and deliver to the Trustees an instrument in which such successor Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustees that as Paying Agent, such successor Paying Agent will hold all sums, if any, held by it for payment to the Holders in trust for the benefit of the Holders entitled thereto until such sums shall be paid to such Holders. The Paying Agent shall return all unclaimed funds to the Property Trustee and upon removal of a Paying Agent such Paying Agent shall also return all funds in its possession to the Property Trustee. The provisions of Article VIII shall apply to the Property Trustee also in its role as Paying Agent, for so long as the Property Trustee shall act as Paying Agent and, to the extent applicable, to any other Paying Agent appointed hereunder. Any reference in this Trust Agreement to the Paying Agent shall include any co-paying agent unless the context requires otherwise. ARTICLE IV. DISTRIBUTIONS; REDEMPTION SECTION 4.1. Distributions. (a) The Trust Securities represent undivided beneficial interests in the Trust Property, and Distributions (including any Additional Interest Amounts) will be made on the Trust Securities at the rate and on the dates that payments of interest (including any Additional Interest) are made on the Notes. Accordingly: (i) Distributions on the Trust Securities shall be cumulative, and shall accumulate whether or not there are funds of the Trust available for the payment of Distributions. Distributions shall accumulate from May 25, 2005, and, except as provided in clause (ii) below, shall be payable quarterly in arrears on March 30, June 30, September 30 and December 30 of each year, commencing on September 30, 2005. If any date on which a Distribution is otherwise payable on the Trust Securities is not a Business Day, then the payment of such Distribution shall be made on the next succeeding Business Day (and no interest shall accrue in respect of the amounts whose payment is so delayed for the period from and after each such date until the next succeeding Business Day), except that, if such Business Day falls in the next succeeding calendar year, such payment shall be made on the immediately preceding Business Day, in each case, with the same force and effect as if made on such date (each date on which Distributions are payable in accordance with this Section 4.1(a)(i), a "Distribution Date"); (ii) in the event (and to the extent) that the Depositor exercises its right under the Indenture to defer the payment of interest on the Notes, Distributions on the Trust 16 Securities shall be deferred. Under the Indenture, so long as no Note Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, after October 12, 2006, the Depositor shall have the right, at any time and from time to time during the term of the Notes, to defer the payment of interest on the Notes for a period of up to six (6) consecutive quarterly interest payment periods (such right to defer, the "Extension Right" and each such extended interest payment period, an "Extension Period"), during which Extension Period(s), no interest shall be due and payable (except any Additional Tax Sums that may be due and payable); provided, that, the Depositor shall not be entitled to exercise its Extension Right so that it would be able to defer the payment of interest on the Notes for more than six (6) quarterly interest payment periods; provided, further, that, after the expiration of any Extension Period, the Depositor may not exercise its Extension Right to begin any subsequent Extension Period until it pays all interest then accrued and unpaid on the Notes, together with such Additional Interest prior to beginning such subsequent Extension Period. No interest on the Notes shall be due and payable during an Extension Period, except at the end thereof, but each installment of interest that would otherwise have been due and payable during such Extension Period shall bear Additional Interest (to the extent payment of such interest would be legally enforceable) at a fixed rate equal to 7.74% per annum through the interest payment date in June 2015 and thereafter at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.25% per annum compounded quarterly, from the dates on which amounts would have otherwise been due and payable until paid or until funds for the payment thereof have been made available for payment. If Distributions are deferred, the deferred Distributions (including Additional Interest Amounts) shall be paid on the date that the related Extension Period terminates, to Holders of the Trust Securities as they appear on the books and records of the Trust on the record date immediately preceding such termination date. (iii) Distributions shall accumulate in respect of the Trust Securities at a fixed rate equal to 7.74% per annum through the interest payment date in June 2015 and thereafter at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.25% per annum of the Liquidation Amount of the Trust Securities, such rate being the rate of interest payable on the Notes. LIBOR shall be determined by the Calculation Agent in accordance with Schedule A. During the Fixed Rate Period, the amount of Distributions payable for any period less than a full Distribution period shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months and the amount payable for any partial period shall be computed on the basis of the number of days elapsed in a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months. Upon expiration of the Fixed Rate Period, the amount of interest payable for any Interest Payment Period will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year and the actual number of days elapsed in the relevant interest period. The amount of Distributions payable for any period shall include any Additional Interest Amounts in respect of such period; and (iv) Distributions on the Trust Securities shall be made by the Paying Agent from the Payment Account and shall be payable on each Distribution Date only to the extent that the Trust has funds then on hand and available in the Payment Account for the payment of such Distributions. (b) Distributions on the Trust Securities with respect to a Distribution Date shall be payable to the Holders thereof as they appear on the Securities Register for the Trust Securities at 17 the close of business on the relevant record date, which shall be at the close of business on the fifteenth day (whether or not a Business Day) preceding the relevant Distribution Date, except that Distributions and any Additional Interest Amounts payable on the stated maturity (or any date of principal repayment upon early maturity) of the principal of a Trust Security or on a Redemption Date shall be paid to the Person to whom principal is paid. Distributions payable on any Trust Securities that are not punctually paid on any Distribution Date as a result of the Depositor having failed to make an interest payment under the Notes will cease to be payable to the Person in whose name such Trust Securities are registered on the relevant record date, and such defaulted Distributions and any Additional Interest Amounts will instead be payable to the Person in whose name such Trust Securities are registered on the special record date, or other specified date for determining Holders entitled to such defaulted Distribution and Additional Interest Amount, established in the same manner, and on the same date, as such is established with respect to the Notes under the Indenture. SECTION 4.2. Redemption. (a) On each Note Redemption Date and on the stated maturity (or any date of principal repayment upon early maturity) of the Notes and on each other date on (or in respect of) which any principal on the Notes is repaid, the Trust will be required to redeem a Like Amount of Trust Securities at the Redemption Price. (b) Notice of redemption shall be given by the Property Trustee by first-class mail, postage prepaid, mailed not less than thirty (30) nor more than sixty (60) days prior to the Redemption Date to each Holder of Trust Securities to be redeemed, at such Holder's address appearing in the Securities Register. All notices of redemption shall state: (i) the Redemption Date; (ii) the Redemption Price or, if the Redemption Price cannot be calculated prior to the time the notice is required to be sent, the estimate of the Redemption Price provided pursuant to the Indenture, as calculated by the Depositor, together with a statement that it is an estimate and that the actual Redemption Price will be calculated by the Calculation Agent on the fifth Business Day prior to the Redemption Date (and if an estimate is provided, a further notice shall be sent of the actual Redemption Price on the date that such Redemption Price is calculated); (iii) if less than all the Outstanding Trust Securities are to be redeemed, the identification (and, in the case of partial redemption, the respective amounts) and Liquidation Amounts of the particular Trust Securities to be redeemed; (iv) that on the Redemption Date, the Redemption Price will become due and payable upon each such Trust Security, or portion thereof, to be redeemed and that Distributions thereon will cease to accumulate on such Trust Security or such portion, as the case may be, on and after said date, except as provided in Section 4.2(d); (v) the place or places where the Trust Securities are to be surrendered for the payment of the Redemption Price; and 18 (vi) such other provisions as the Property Trustee deems relevant. (c) The Trust Securities (or portion thereof) redeemed on each Redemption Date shall be redeemed at the Redemption Price with the proceeds from the contemporaneous redemption or payment at maturity of Notes. Redemptions of the Trust Securities (or portion thereof) shall be made and the Redemption Price shall be payable on each Redemption Date only to the extent that the Trust has funds then on hand and available in the Payment Account for the payment of such Redemption Price. Under the Indenture, the Notes may be redeemed by the Depositor on any Interest Payment Date, at the Depositor's option, on or after June 30, 2010, in whole or in part, from time to time at the Optional Note Redemption Price. The Notes may also be redeemed by the Depositor, at its option pursuant to the terms of the Indenture, in whole but not in part, upon the occurrence and during the continuation of an Investment Company Event or a Tax Event, at the Special Note Redemption Price. (d) If the Property Trustee gives a notice of redemption in respect of any Preferred Securities, then by 10:00 A.M., New York City time, on the Redemption Date, the Depositor shall deposit sufficient funds with the Property Trustee to pay the Redemption Price. If such deposit has been made by such time, then by 12:00 noon, New York City time, on the Redemption Date, the Property Trustee will, with respect to Book-Entry Preferred Securities, irrevocably deposit with the Depositary for such Book-Entry Preferred Securities, to the extent available therefor, funds sufficient to pay the applicable Redemption Price and will give such Depositary irrevocable instructions and authority to pay the Redemption Price to the Holders of the Preferred Securities. With respect to Preferred Securities that are not Book-Entry Preferred Securities, the Property Trustee will irrevocably deposit with the Paying Agent, to the extent available therefor, funds sufficient to pay the applicable Redemption Price and will give the Paying Agent irrevocable instructions and authority to pay the Redemption Price to the Holders of the Preferred Securities upon surrender of their Preferred Securities Certificates. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Distributions payable on or prior to the Redemption Date for any Trust Securities (or portion thereof) called for redemption shall be payable to the Holders of such Trust Securities as they appear on the Securities Register on the relevant record dates for the related Distribution Dates. If notice of redemption shall have been given and funds deposited as required, then upon the date of such deposit, all rights of Holders holding Trust Securities (or portion thereof) so called for redemption will cease, except the right of such Holders to receive the Redemption Price and any Distribution payable in respect of the Trust Securities on or prior to the Redemption Date, but without interest, and, in the case of a partial redemption, the right of such Holders to receive a new Trust Security or Securities of authorized denominations, in aggregate Liquidation Amount equal to the unredeemed portion of such Trust Security or Securities, and such Securities (or portion thereof) called for redemption will cease to be Outstanding. In the event that any date on which any Redemption Price is payable is not a Business Day, then payment of the Redemption Price payable on such date will be made on the next succeeding Business Day (and no interest shall accrue in respect of the amounts whose payment is so delayed for the period from and after each such date until the next succeeding Business Day), except that, if such Business Day falls in the next succeeding calendar year, such payment shall be made on the immediately preceding Business Day, in each case, with the same force and effect as if made on such date. In the event that payment of the Redemption Price in respect of any Trust Securities (or portion thereof) called for redemption is improperly withheld or refused and not paid either by the Trust, Distributions on such Trust Securities (or portion 19 thereof) will continue to accumulate, as set forth in Section 4.1, from the Redemption Date originally established by the Trust for such Trust Securities (or portion thereof) to the date such Redemption Price is actually paid, in which case the actual payment date will be the date fixed for redemption for purposes of calculating the Redemption Price. (e) Subject to Section 4.3(a), if less than all the Outstanding Trust Securities are to be redeemed on a Redemption Date, then the aggregate Liquidation Amount of Trust Securities to be redeemed shall be allocated pro rata to the Common Securities and the Preferred Securities based upon the relative aggregate Liquidation Amounts of the Common Securities and the Preferred Securities. The Preferred Securities to be redeemed shall be selected on a pro rata basis based upon their respective Liquidation Amounts not more than sixty (60) days prior to the Redemption Date by the Property Trustee from the Outstanding Preferred Securities not previously called for redemption; provided, that with respect to Holders that would be required to hold less than one hundred (100) but more than zero (0) Trust Securities as a result of such redemption, the Trust shall redeem Trust Securities of each such Holder so that after such redemption such Holder shall hold either one hundred (100) Trust Securities or such Holder no longer holds any Trust Securities, and shall use such method (including, without limitation, by lot) as the Trust shall deem fair and appropriate; and provided, further, that so long as the Preferred Securities are Book-Entry Preferred Securities, such selection shall be made in accordance with the Applicable Depositary Procedures for the Preferred Securities by such Depositary. The Property Trustee shall promptly notify the Securities Registrar in writing of the Preferred Securities (or portion thereof) selected for redemption and, in the case of any Preferred Securities selected for partial redemption, the Liquidation Amount thereof to be redeemed. For all purposes of this Trust Agreement, unless the context otherwise requires, all provisions relating to the redemption of Preferred Securities shall relate, in the case of any Preferred Securities redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the portion of the aggregate Liquidation Amount of Preferred Securities that has been or is to be redeemed. (f) The Trust in issuing the Trust Securities may use "CUSIP" numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Property Trustee shall indicate the "CUSIP" numbers of the Trust Securities in notices of redemption and related materials as a convenience to Holders; provided, that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Trust Securities or as contained in any notice of redemption and related materials. SECTION 4.3. Subordination of Common Securities. (a) Payment of Distributions (including any Additional Interest Amounts) on, the Redemption Price of and the Liquidation Distribution in respect of, the Trust Securities, as applicable, shall be made, pro rata among the Common Securities and the Preferred Securities based on the Liquidation Amount of the respective Trust Securities; provided, that if on any Distribution Date, Redemption Date or Liquidation Date an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, no payment of any Distribution (including any Additional Interest Amounts) on, Redemption Price of or Liquidation Distribution in respect of, any Common Security, and no other payment on account of the redemption, liquidation or other acquisition of Common Securities, shall be made unless payment in full in cash of all accumulated and unpaid Distributions (including any Additional Interest Amounts) on all Outstanding Preferred 20 Securities for all Distribution periods terminating on or prior thereto, or in the case of payment of the Redemption Price the full amount of such Redemption Price on all Outstanding Preferred Securities then called for redemption, or in the case of payment of the Liquidation Distribution the full amount of such Liquidation Distribution on all Outstanding Preferred Securities, shall have been made or provided for, and all funds immediately available to the Property Trustee shall first be applied to the payment in full in cash of all Distributions (including any Additional Interest Amounts) on, or the Redemption Price of or the Liquidation Distribution in respect of, the Preferred Securities then due and payable. (b) In the case of the occurrence of any Event of Default, the Holders of the Common Securities shall have no right to act with respect to any such Event of Default under this Trust Agreement until all such Events of Default with respect to the Preferred Securities have been cured, waived or otherwise eliminated. Until all such Events of Default under this Trust Agreement with respect to the Preferred Securities have been so cured, waived or otherwise eliminated, the Property Trustee shall act solely on behalf of the Holders of the Preferred Securities and not on behalf of the Holders of the Common Securities, and only the Holders of all the Preferred Securities will have the right to direct the Property Trustee to act on their behalf. SECTION 4.4. Payment Procedures. Payments of Distributions (including any Additional Interest Amounts), the Redemption Price, Liquidation Amount or any other amounts in respect of the Preferred Securities shall be made by wire transfer at such place and to such account at a banking institution in the United States as may be designated in writing at least ten (10) Business Days prior to the date for payment by the Person entitled thereto unless proper written transfer instructions have not been received by the relevant record date, in which case such payments shall be made by check mailed to the address of such Person as such address shall appear in the Securities Register. If any Preferred Securities are held by a Depositary, such Distributions thereon shall be made to the Depositary in immediately available funds. Payments in respect of the Common Securities shall be made in such manner as shall be mutually agreed between the Property Trustee and the Holder of all the Common Securities. SECTION 4.5. Withholding Tax. (a) The Trust and the Administrative Trustees shall comply with all withholding and backup withholding tax requirements under United States federal, state and local law. The Administrative Trustees on behalf of the Trust shall request, and the Holders shall provide to the Trust, such forms or certificates as are necessary to establish an exemption from withholding and backup withholding tax with respect to each Holder and any representations and forms as shall reasonably be requested by the Administrative Trustees on behalf of the Trust to assist it in determining the extent of, and in fulfilling, its withholding and backup withholding tax obligations. The Administrative Trustees shall file required forms with applicable jurisdictions and, unless an exemption from withholding and backup withholding tax is properly established by a Holder, shall remit amounts withheld with respect to the Holder to applicable jurisdictions. To the extent that the Trust is required to withhold and pay over any amounts to any jurisdiction with respect to Distributions or allocations to any Holder, the amount withheld shall be deemed to be a Distribution in the amount of the withholding to the Holder. In the event of any claimed 21 overwithholding, Holders shall be limited to an action against the applicable jurisdiction. If the amount required to be withheld was not withheld from actual Distributions made, the Administrative Trustees on behalf of the Trust may reduce subsequent Distributions by the amount of such required withholding. SECTION 4.6. Tax Returns and Other Reports. The Administrative Trustees shall prepare (or cause to be prepared) at the principal office of the Trust in the United States, as defined for purposes of Treasury regulations section 301.7701-7, at the Depositor's expense, and file, all United States federal, state and local tax and information returns and reports required to be filed by or in respect of the Trust. The Administrative Trustees shall prepare at the principal office of the Trust in the United States, as defined for purposes of Treasury regulations section 301.7701-7, and furnish (or cause to be prepared and furnished), by January 31 in each taxable year of the Trust to each Holder all Internal Revenue Service forms and returns required to be provided by the Trust. The Administrative Trustees shall provide the Depositor, Cohen Bros. & Company and the Property Trustee with a copy of all such returns and reports promptly after such filing or furnishing. SECTION 4.7. Payment of Taxes, Duties, Etc. of the Trust. Upon receipt under the Notes of Additional Tax Sums and upon the written direction of the Administrative Trustees, the Property Trustee shall promptly pay, solely out of monies on deposit pursuant to this Trust Agreement, any Additional Taxes imposed on the Trust by the United States or any other taxing authority. SECTION 4.8. Payments under Indenture or Pursuant to Direct Actions. Any amount payable hereunder to any Holder of Preferred Securities shall be reduced by the amount of any corresponding payment such Holder (or any Owner with respect thereto) has directly received pursuant to Section 5.8 of the Indenture or Section 6.10(b) of this Trust Agreement. SECTION 4.9. Exchanges. (a) If at any time the Depositor or any of its Affiliates (in either case, a "Depositor Affiliate") is the Owner or Holder of any Preferred Securities, such Depositor Affiliate shall have the right to deliver to the Property Trustee all or such portion of its Preferred Securities as it elects and, subject to compliance with Sections 2.2 and 3.5 of the Indenture, receive, in exchange therefor, a Like Amount of Notes. Such election shall be exercisable effective on any Distribution Date by such Depositor Affiliate delivering to the Property Trustee (i) at least ten (10) Business Days prior to the Distribution Date on which such exchange is to occur, the registration instructions and the documentation, if any, required pursuant to Sections 2.2 and 3.5 of the Indenture to enable the Indenture Trustee to issue the requested Like Amount of Notes, (ii) a written notice of such election specifying the Liquidation Amount of Preferred Securities with respect to which such election is being made and the Distribution Date on which such exchange shall occur, which Distribution Date shall be not less than ten (10) Business Days after the date of receipt by the Property Trustee of such election notice and (iii) shall be conditioned upon such Depositor Affiliate having delivered or caused to be delivered to the Property Trustee or its 22 designee the Preferred Securities that are the subject of such election by 10:00 A.M. New York time, on the Distribution Date on which such exchange is to occur. After the exchange, such Preferred Securities will be canceled and will no longer be deemed to be Outstanding and all rights of the Depositor Affiliate with respect to such Preferred Securities will cease. (b) In the case of an exchange described in Section 4.9(a), the Property Trustee on behalf of the Trust will, on the date of such exchange, exchange Notes having a principal amount equal to a proportional amount of the aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Outstanding Common Securities, based on the ratio of the aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities exchanged pursuant to Section 4.9(a) divided by the aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities Outstanding immediately prior to such exchange, for such proportional amount of Common Securities held by the Depositor (which contemporaneously shall be canceled and no longer be deemed to be Outstanding); provided, that the Depositor delivers or causes to be delivered to the Property Trustee or its designee the required amount of Common Securities to be exchanged by 10:00 A.M. New York time, on the Distribution Date on which such exchange is to occur. SECTION 4.10. Calculation Agent. (a) The Property Trustee shall initially, and, subject to the immediately following sentence, for so long as it holds any of the Notes, be the Calculation Agent for purposes of determining LIBOR for each Distribution Date. The Calculation Agent may be removed by the Administrative Trustees at any time. If the Calculation Agent is unable or unwilling to act as such or is removed by the Administrative Trustees, the Administrative Trustees will promptly appoint as a replacement Calculation Agent the London office of a leading bank which is engaged in transactions in six-month Eurodollar deposits in the international Eurodollar market and which does not control or is not controlled by or under common control with the Administrative Trustee or its Affiliates. The Calculation Agent may not resign its duties without a successor having been duly appointed. (b) The Calculation Agent shall be required to agree that, as soon as possible after 11:00 a.m. (London time) on each LIBOR Determination Date, but in no event later than 11:00 a.m. (London time) on the Business Day immediately following each LIBOR Determination Date, the Calculation Agent will calculate the interest rate (rounded to the nearest cent, with half a cent being rounded upwards) for the related Distribution Date, and will communicate such rate and amount to the Depositor, the Administrative Trustees, the Note Trustee, each Paying Agent and the Depositary. The Calculation Agent will also specify to the Administrative Trustee the quotations upon which the foregoing rates and amounts are based and, in any event, the Calculation Agent shall notify the Administrative Trustees before 5:00 p.m. (London time) on each LIBOR Determination Date that either: (i) it has determined or is in the process of determining the foregoing rates and amounts or (ii) it has not determined and is not in the process of determining the foregoing rates and amounts, together with its reasons therefor. The Calculation Agent's determination of the foregoing rates and amounts for any Distribution Date will (in the absence of manifest error) be final and binding upon all parties. For the sole purpose of calculating the interest rate for the Trust Securities, "Business Day" shall be defined as any day on which dealings in deposits in Dollars are transacted in the London interbank market. 23 SECTION 4.11. Certain Accounting Matters. (a) At all times during the existence of the Trust, the Administrative Trustees shall keep, or cause to be kept at the principal office of the Trust in the United States, as defined for purposes of Treasury Regulations section 301.7701-7, full books of account, records and supporting documents, which shall reflect in reasonable detail each transaction of the Trust. The books of account shall be maintained on the accrual method of accounting, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, consistently applied. (b) The Administrative Trustees shall either (i) if the Depositor is then subject to such reporting requirements, cause each Form 10-K and Form 10-Q prepared by the Depositor and filed with the Commission in accordance with the Exchange Act to be delivered to each Holder, with a copy to the Property Trustee, within thirty (30) days after the filing thereof or (ii) cause to be prepared at the principal office of the Trust in the United States, as defined for purposes of Treasury Regulations section 301.7701-7, and delivered to each of the Holders, with a copy to the Property Trustee, within ninety (90) days after the end of each Fiscal Year, annual financial statements of the Trust, including a balance sheet of the Trust as of the end of such Fiscal Year, and the related statements of income or loss. (c) If the Depositor intends to file its annual and quarterly information with the Commission in electronic form pursuant to Regulation S-T of the Commission using the Commission's Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval ("EDGAR") system, the Administrative Trustees shall notify the Property Trustee in the manner prescribed herein of each such annual and quarterly filing. The Property Trustee is hereby authorized and directed to access the EDGAR system for purposes of retrieving the financial information so filed. Compliance with the foregoing shall constitute delivery by the Administrative Trustees of its financial statements to the Property Trustee in compliance with the provisions of Section 314(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, if applicable. The Property Trustee shall have no duty to search for or obtain any electronic or other filings that the Depositor makes with the Commission, regardless of whether such filings are periodic, supplemental or otherwise. Delivery of reports, information and documents to the Property Trustee pursuant to this Section 4.11(c) shall be solely for purposes of compliance with this Section 4.11 and, if applicable, with Section 314(a) of the Trust Indenture Act. The Property Trustee's receipt of such reports, information and documents shall not constitute notice to it of the content thereof or any matter determinable from the content thereof, including the Depositor's compliance with any of its covenants hereunder, as to which the Property Trustee is entitled to rely upon Officers' Certificates. (d) The Trust shall maintain one or more bank accounts in the United States, as defined for purposes of Treasury Regulations section 301.7701-7, in the name and for the sole benefit of the Trust; provided, however, that all payments of funds in respect of the Notes held by the Property Trustee shall be made directly to the Payment Account and no other funds of the Trust shall be deposited in the Payment Account. The sole signatories for such accounts (including the Payment Account) shall be designated by the Property Trustee. 24 ARTICLE V. SECURITIES SECTION 5.1. Initial Ownership. Upon the creation of the Trust and the contribution by the Depositor referred to in Section 2.3 and until the issuance of the Trust Securities, and at any time during which no Trust Securities are Outstanding, the Depositor shall be the sole beneficial owner of the Trust. SECTION 5.2. Authorized Trust Securities. The Trust shall be authorized to issue one series of Preferred Securities having an aggregate Liquidation Amount of $25,000,000 and one series of Common Securities having an aggregate Liquidation Amount of $780,000. SECTION 5.3. Issuance of the Common Securities; Subscription and Purchase of Notes. On the Closing Date, an Administrative Trustee, on behalf of the Trust, shall execute and deliver to the Depositor Common Securities Certificates, registered in the name of the Depositor, evidencing an aggregate of Seven Hundred Eighty Thousand (780) Common Securities having an aggregate Liquidation Amount of Seven Hundred Eighty Thousand Dollars ($780,000), against receipt by the Trust of the aggregate purchase price of such Common Securities of Seven Hundred Eighty Thousand Dollars ($780,000). Contemporaneously therewith and with the sale by the Trust to the Holders of an aggregate of Twenty Five Thousand (25,000) Preferred Securities having an aggregate Liquidation Amount of Twenty Five Million Dollars ($25,000,000), an Administrative Trustee, on behalf of the Trust, shall purchase from the Depositor Notes, to be registered in the name of the Property Trustee on behalf of the Trust and having an aggregate principal amount equal to Twenty Five Million Seven Hundred Eighty Thousand Dollars ($25,780,000), and, in satisfaction of the purchase price for such Notes, the Property Trustee, on behalf of the Trust, shall deliver to the Depositor the sum of Twenty Five Million Seven Hundred Eighty Thousand Dollars ($25,780,000) (being the aggregate amount paid by the Holders for the Preferred Securities, and the amount paid by the Depositor for the Common Securities). SECTION 5.4. The Securities Certificates. (a) The Preferred Securities Certificates shall be issued in minimum denominations of $100,000 Liquidation Amount and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof, and the Common Securities Certificates shall be issued in minimum denominations of $10,000 Liquidation Amount and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof. The Securities Certificates shall be executed on behalf of the Trust by manual or facsimile signature of at least one Administrative Trustee. Securities Certificates bearing the signatures of individuals who were, at the time when such signatures shall have been affixed, authorized to sign such Securities Certificates on behalf of the Trust shall be validly issued and entitled to the benefits of this Trust Agreement, notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them shall have ceased to be so 25 authorized prior to the delivery of such Securities Certificates or did not have such authority at the date of delivery of such Securities Certificates. (b) On the Closing Date, upon the written order of an authorized officer of the Depositor, the Administrative Trustees shall cause Securities Certificates to be executed on behalf of the Trust and delivered, without further corporate action by the Depositor, in authorized denominations. (c) The Preferred Securities issued to QIBs/QPs shall be, except as provided in Section 5.6, Book-Entry Preferred Securities issued in the form of one or more Global Preferred Securities registered in the name of the Depositary, or its nominee and deposited with the Depositary or a custodian for the Depositary for credit by the Depositary to the respective accounts of the Depositary Participants thereof (or such other accounts as they may direct). The Preferred Securities issued to a Person other than a QIB/QP shall be issued in the form of Definitive Preferred Securities Certificates. (d) A Preferred Security shall not be valid until authenticated by the manual signature of an authorized signatory of the Property Trustee. Such signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Preferred Security has been authenticated under this Trust Agreement. Upon written order of the Trust signed by one Administrative Trustee, the Property Trustee shall authenticate the Preferred Securities for original issue. The Property Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent that is a U.S. Person acceptable to the Trust to authenticate the Preferred Securities. A Common Security need not be so authenticated and shall be valid upon execution by one or more Administrative Trustees. The form of this certificate of authentication can be found in Section 5.13. SECTION 5.5. Rights of Holders. The Trust Securities shall have no preemptive or similar rights and when issued and delivered to Holders against payment of the purchase price therefor will be fully paid and non-assessable by the Trust. Except as provided in Section 5.11(b), the Holders of the Trust Securities, in their capacities as such, shall be entitled to the same limitation of personal liability extended to stockholders of private corporations for profit organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. SECTION 5.6. Book-Entry Preferred Securities. (a) A Global Preferred Security may be exchanged, in whole or in part, for Definitive Preferred Securities Certificates registered in the names of the Owners only if such exchange complies with Section 5.7 and (i) the Depositary advises the Administrative Trustees and the Property Trustee in writing that the Depositary is no longer willing or able properly to discharge its responsibilities with respect to the Global Preferred Security, and no qualified successor is appointed by the Administrative Trustees within ninety (90) days of receipt of such notice, (ii) the Depositary ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act and the Administrative Trustees fail to appoint a qualified successor within ninety (90) days of obtaining knowledge of such event, (iii) the Administrative Trustees at their option advise the Property Trustee in writing that the Trust elects to terminate the book-entry system through the Depositary 26 or (iv) a Note Event of Default has occurred and is continuing. Upon the occurrence of any event specified in clause (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv) above, the Administrative Trustees shall notify the Depositary and instruct the Depositary to notify all Owners of Book-Entry Preferred Securities, the Delaware Trustee and the Property Trustee of the occurrence of such event and of the availability of the Definitive Preferred Securities Certificates to Owners of the Preferred Securities requesting the same. Upon the issuance of Definitive Preferred Securities Certificates, the Trustees shall recognize the Holders of the Definitive Preferred Securities Certificates as Holders. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if an Owner of a beneficial interest in a Global Preferred Security wishes at any time to transfer an interest in such Global Preferred Security to a Person other than a QIB/QP, such transfer shall be effected, subject to the Applicable Depositary Procedures, in accordance with the provisions of this Section 5.6 and Section 5.7, and the transferee shall receive a Definitive Preferred Securities Certificate in connection with such transfer. A holder of a Definitive Preferred Securities Certificate that is a QIB/QP may, upon request and in accordance with the provisions of this Section 5.6 and Section 5.7, exchange such Definitive Preferred Securities Certificate for a beneficial interest in a Global Preferred Security. (b) If any Global Preferred Security is to be exchanged for Definitive Preferred Securities Certificates or canceled in part, or if any Definitive Preferred Securities Certificate is to be exchanged in whole or in part for any Global Preferred Security, then either (i) such Global Preferred Security shall be so surrendered for exchange or cancellation as provided in this Article V or (ii) the aggregate Liquidation Amount represented by such Global Preferred Security shall be reduced, subject to Section 5.4, or increased by an amount equal to the Liquidation Amount represented by that portion of the Global Preferred Security to be so exchanged or canceled, or equal to the Liquidation Amount represented by such Definitive Preferred Securities Certificates to be so exchanged for any Global Preferred Security, as the case may be, by means of an appropriate adjustment made on the records of the Securities Registrar, whereupon the Property Trustee, in accordance with the Applicable Depositary Procedures, shall instruct the Depositary or its authorized representative to make a corresponding adjustment to its records. Upon any such surrender to the Administrative Trustees or the Securities Registrar of any Global Preferred Security or Securities by the Depositary, accompanied by registration instructions, the Administrative Trustees, or any one of them, shall execute the Definitive Preferred Securities Certificates in accordance with the instructions of the Depositary. None of the Securities Registrar or the Trustees shall be liable for any delay in delivery of such instructions and may conclusively rely on, and shall be fully protected in relying on, such instructions. (c) Every Definitive Preferred Securities Certificate executed and delivered upon registration or transfer of, or in exchange for or in lieu of, a Global Preferred Security or any portion thereof shall be executed and delivered in the form of, and shall be, a Global Preferred Security, unless such Definitive Preferred Securities Certificate is registered in the name of a Person other than the Depositary for such Global Preferred Security or a nominee thereof. (d) The Depositary or its nominee, as registered owner of a Global Preferred Security, shall be the Holder of such Global Preferred Security for all purposes under this Trust Agreement and the Global Preferred Security, and Owners with respect to a Global Preferred Security shall hold such interests pursuant to the Applicable Depositary Procedures. The Securities Registrar and the Trustees shall be entitled to deal with the Depositary for all purposes of this Trust Agreement relating to the Global Preferred Securities (including the payment of the 27 Liquidation Amount of and Distributions on the Book-Entry Preferred Securities represented thereby and the giving of instructions or directions by Owners of Book-Entry Preferred Securities represented thereby and the giving of notices) as the sole Holder of the Book-Entry Preferred Securities represented thereby and shall have no obligations to the Owners thereof. None of the Trustees nor the Securities Registrar shall have any liability in respect of any transfers effected by the Depositary. (e) The rights of the Owners of the Book-Entry Preferred Securities shall be exercised only through the Depositary and shall be limited to those established by law, the Applicable Depositary Procedures and agreements between such Owners and the Depositary and/or the Depositary Participants; provided, that solely for the purpose of determining whether the Holders of the requisite amount of Preferred Securities have voted on any matter provided for in this Trust Agreement, to the extent that Preferred Securities are represented by a Global Preferred Security, the Trustees may conclusively rely on, and shall be fully protected in relying on, any written instrument (including a proxy) delivered to the Property Trustee by the Depositary setting forth the Owners' votes or assigning the right to vote on any matter to any other Persons either in whole or in part. To the extent that Preferred Securities are represented by a Global Preferred Security, the initial Depositary will make book-entry transfers among the Depositary Participants and receive and transmit payments on the Preferred Securities that are represented by a Global Preferred Security to such Depositary Participants, and none of the Depositor or the Trustees shall have any responsibility or obligation with respect thereto. (f) To the extent that a notice or other communication to the Holders is required under this Trust Agreement, for so long as Preferred Securities are represented by a Global Preferred Security, the Trustees shall give all such notices and communications to the Depositary, and shall have no obligations to the Owners. SECTION 5.7. Registration of Transfer and Exchange of Preferred Securities Certificates. (a) The Property Trustee shall keep or cause to be kept, at the Corporate Trust Office, a register or registers (the "Securities Register") in which the registrar and transfer agent with respect to the Trust Securities (the "Securities Registrar"), subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, shall provide for the registration of Preferred Securities Certificates and Common Securities Certificates and registration of transfers and exchanges of Preferred Securities Certificates as herein provided. The Person acting as the Property Trustee shall at all times also be the Securities Registrar. The provisions of Article VIII shall apply to the Property Trustee in its role as Securities Registrar. (b) Subject to Section 5.7(d), upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Preferred Securities Certificate at the office or agency maintained pursuant to Section 5.7(f), the Administrative Trustees or any one of them shall execute by manual or facsimile signature and deliver to the Property Trustee, and the Property Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Preferred Securities Certificates in authorized denominations of a like aggregate Liquidation Amount as may be required by this Trust Agreement dated the date of execution by such Administrative Trustee or Trustees. At the option of a Holder, Preferred Securities Certificates may be exchanged for other 28 Preferred Securities Certificates in authorized denominations and of a like aggregate Liquidation Amount upon surrender of the Preferred Securities Certificate to be exchanged at the office or agency maintained pursuant to Section 5.7(f). Whenever any Preferred Securities Certificates are so surrendered for exchange, the Administrative Trustees or any one of them shall execute by manual or facsimile signature and deliver to the Property Trustee, and the Property Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, the Preferred Securities Certificates that the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive. (c) The Securities Registrar shall not be required, (i) to issue, register the transfer of or exchange any Preferred Security during a period beginning at the opening of business fifteen (15) days before the day of selection for redemption of such Preferred Securities pursuant to Article IV and ending at the close of business on the day of mailing of the notice of redemption or (ii) to register the transfer of or exchange any Preferred Security so selected for redemption in whole or in part, except, in the case of any such Preferred Security to be redeemed in part, any portion thereof not to be redeemed. (d) Every Preferred Securities Certificate presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange shall be duly endorsed, or be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Securities Registrar duly executed by the Holder or such Holder's attorney duly authorized in writing and (i) if such Preferred Securities Certificate is being transferred to a QIB, accompanied by a certificate of the transferor substantially in the form set forth as Exhibit E hereto or (ii) if such Preferred Securities Certificate is being transferred otherwise than to a QIB, accompanied by a certificate of the transferee substantially in the form set forth as Exhibit F hereto. (e) No service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or exchange of Preferred Securities Certificates, but the Property Trustee on behalf of the Trust may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any transfer or exchange of Preferred Securities Certificates. (f) The Administrative Trustees shall designate an office or offices or agency or agencies where Preferred Securities Certificates may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange and initially designate the Corporate Trust Office as its office and agency for such purposes. The Administrative Trustees shall give prompt written notice to the Depositor, the Property Trustee and to the Holders of any change in the location of any such office or agency. SECTION 5.8. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Securities Certificates. (a) If any mutilated Securities Certificate shall be surrendered to the Securities Registrar together with such security or indemnity as may be required by the Securities Registrar to save each of the Trustees harmless, the Administrative Trustees, or any one of them, on behalf of the Trust, shall execute and make available for delivery in exchange therefor a new Securities Certificate of like class, tenor and denomination. (b) If the Securities Registrar shall receive evidence to its satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Securities Certificate and there shall be delivered to the Securities Registrar such security or indemnity as may be required by it to save each of the 29 Trustees harmless, then in the absence of notice that such Securities Certificate shall have been acquired by a protected purchaser, the Administrative Trustees, or any one of them, on behalf of the Trust, shall execute and make available for delivery, and, with respect to Preferred Securities, the Property Trustee shall authenticate, in exchange for or in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Securities Certificate, a new Securities Certificate of like class, tenor and denomination. (c) In connection with the issuance of any new Securities Certificate under this Section 5.8, the Administrative Trustees or the Securities Registrar may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection therewith. (d) Any duplicate Securities Certificate issued pursuant to this Section 5.8 shall constitute conclusive evidence of an undivided beneficial interest in the assets of the Trust corresponding to that evidenced by the mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed Securities Certificate, as if originally issued, whether or not the lost, stolen or destroyed Securities Certificate shall be found at any time. (e) If any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities Certificate has become or is about to become due and payable, the Depositor in its discretion may provide the Administrative Trustee with the funds to pay such Trust Security and upon receipt of such funds, the Administrative Trustee shall pay such Trust Security instead of issuing a new Securities Certificate. (f) The provisions of this Section 5.8 are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities Certificates. SECTION 5.9. Persons Deemed Holders. The Trustees and the Securities Registrar shall each treat the Person in whose name any Securities Certificate shall be registered in the Securities Register as the owner of such Securities Certificate for the purpose of receiving Distributions and for all other purposes whatsoever, and none of the Trustees and the Securities Registrar shall be bound by any notice to the contrary. SECTION 5.10. Cancellation. All Preferred Securities Certificates surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange or for payment shall, if surrendered to any Person other than the Property Trustee, be delivered to the Property Trustee, and any such Preferred Securities Certificates and Preferred Securities Certificates surrendered directly to the Property Trustee for any such purpose shall be promptly canceled by it. The Administrative Trustees may at any time deliver to the Property Trustee for cancellation any Preferred Securities Certificates previously delivered hereunder that the Administrative Trustees may have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and all Preferred Securities Certificates so delivered shall be promptly canceled by the Property Trustee. No Preferred Securities Certificates shall be executed and delivered in lieu of or in exchange for any Preferred Securities Certificates canceled as provided in this Section 5.10, except as expressly permitted by this Trust Agreement. All canceled Preferred Securities Certificates shall be retained by the Property Trustee in accordance with its customary practices. 30 SECTION 5.11. Ownership of Common Securities by Depositor. (a) On the Closing Date, the Depositor shall acquire, and thereafter shall retain, beneficial and record ownership of the Common Securities. Neither the Depositor nor any successor Holder of the Common Securities may transfer less than all the Common Securities, and the Depositor or any such successor Holder may transfer the Common Securities only (i) in connection with a consolidation or merger of the Depositor into another Person, or any conveyance, transfer or lease by the Depositor of its properties and assets substantially as an entirety to any Person (in which event such Common Securities will be transferred to such surviving entity, transferee or lessee, as the case may be), pursuant to Section 8.1 of the Indenture or (ii) to the Depositor or an Affiliate of the Depositor, in each such case in compliance with applicable law (including the Securities Act, and applicable state securities and blue sky laws). To the fullest extent permitted by law, any attempted transfer of the Common Securities other than as set forth in the immediately preceding sentence shall be void. The Administrative Trustees shall cause each Common Securities Certificate issued to the Depositor to contain a legend stating substantially "THIS CERTIFICATE IS NOT TRANSFERABLE EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE LAW AND SECTION 5.11 OF THE TRUST AGREEMENT." (b) Any Holder of the Common Securities shall be liable for the debts and obligations of the Trust in the manner and to the extent set forth with respect to the Depositor and agrees that it shall be subject to all liabilities to which the Depositor may be subject and, prior to becoming such a Holder, shall deliver to the Administrative Trustees an instrument of assumption satisfactory to such Trustees. SECTION 5.12. Restricted Legends. (a) Each Preferred Security Certificate shall bear a legend in substantially the following form: "[IF THIS SECURITY IS A GLOBAL SECURITY INSERT: THIS PREFERRED SECURITY IS A GLOBAL SECURITY WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE TRUST AGREEMENT HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY ("DTC") OR A NOMINEE OF DTC. THIS PREFERRED SECURITY IS EXCHANGEABLE FOR SECURITIES REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF A PERSON OTHER THAN DTC OR ITS NOMINEE ONLY IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN THE TRUST AGREEMENT, AND NO TRANSFER OF THIS PREFERRED SECURITY (OTHER THAN A TRANSFER OF THIS PREFERRED SECURITY AS A WHOLE BY DTC TO A NOMINEE OF DTC OR BY A NOMINEE OF DTC TO DTC OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF DTC) MAY BE REGISTERED EXCEPT IN LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES. UNLESS THIS PREFERRED SECURITY IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC TO NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE TRUST II OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY PREFERRED SECURITY ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF 31 CEDE & CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT HEREON IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.] THE PREFERRED SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE WERE ORIGINALLY ISSUED IN A TRANSACTION EXEMPT FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE "SECURITIES ACT"), AND SUCH PREFERRED SECURITIES OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN, MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED IN THE ABSENCE OF SUCH REGISTRATION OR AN APPLICABLE EXEMPTION THEREFROM. EACH PURCHASER OF ANY PREFERRED SECURITIES IS HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT THE SELLER OF THE PREFERRED SECURITIES MAY BE RELYING ON THE EXEMPTION FROM THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 5 OF THE SECURITIES ACT PROVIDED BY RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT. THE HOLDER OF THE PREFERRED SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE AGREES FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE TRUST AND THE DEPOSITOR THAT (A) SUCH PREFERRED SECURITIES MAY BE OFFERED, RESOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED ONLY (I) TO THE TRUST, (II) TO A PERSON WHOM THE SELLER REASONABLY BELIEVES IS A "QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER" (AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT) IN A TRANSACTION MEETING THE REQUIREMENTS OF RULE 144A, (III) TO AN INSTITUTIONAL "ACCREDITED INVESTOR" WITHIN THE MEANING OF SUBPARAGRAPH (a) (1), (2), (3) OR (7) OF RULE 501 UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT THAT IS ACQUIRING THE SECURITY FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT, OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OF AN "ACCREDITED INVESTOR," FOR INVESTMENT PURPOSES AND NOT WITH A VIEW TO, OR FOR OFFER OR SALE IN CONNECTION WITH, ANY DISTRIBUTION IN VIOLATION OF THE SECURITIES ACT, (IV) PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR (V) PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM THE SECURITIES ACT, IN EACH CASE IN ACCORDANCE WITH ANY APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OF THE UNITED STATES OR ANY OTHER APPLICABLE JURISDICTION AND, IN THE CASE OF (III) OR (V), SUBJECT TO THE RIGHT OF THE TRUST AND THE DEPOSITOR TO REQUIRE AN OPINION OF COUNSEL AND OTHER INFORMATION SATISFACTORY TO EACH OF THEM AND (B) THE HOLDER WILL NOTIFY ANY PURCHASER OF ANY PREFERRED SECURITIES FROM IT OF THE RESALE RESTRICTIONS REFERRED TO IN (A) ABOVE. THE PREFERRED SECURITIES WILL BE ISSUED AND MAY BE TRANSFERRED ONLY IN BLOCKS HAVING AN AGGREGATE LIQUIDATION AMOUNT OF NOT LESS THAN $100,000. TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ANY 32 ATTEMPTED TRANSFER OF PREFERRED SECURITIES, OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN, IN A BLOCK HAVING AN AGGREGATE LIQUIDATION AMOUNT OF LESS THAN $100,000 AND MULTIPLES OF $1,000 IN EXCESS THEREOF SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE VOID AND OF NO LEGAL EFFECT WHATSOEVER. TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ANY SUCH PURPORTED TRANSFEREE SHALL BE DEEMED NOT TO BE THE HOLDER OF SUCH PREFERRED SECURITIES FOR ANY PURPOSE, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE RECEIPT OF PRINCIPAL OF OR INTEREST ON SUCH PREFERRED SECURITIES, OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN, AND SUCH PURPORTED TRANSFEREE SHALL BE DEEMED TO HAVE NO INTEREST WHATSOEVER IN SUCH PREFERRED SECURITIES. THE HOLDER OF THIS SECURITY, OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN, BY ITS ACCEPTANCE HEREOF OR THEREOF ALSO AGREES, REPRESENTS AND WARRANTS THAT IT IS NOT AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT, INDIVIDUAL RETIREMENT ACCOUNT OR OTHER PLAN OR ARRANGEMENT SUBJECT TO TITLE I OF THE EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY ACT OF 1974, AS AMENDED ("ERISA"), OR SECTION 4975 OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED (THE "CODE") (EACH A "PLAN"), OR AN ENTITY WHOSE UNDERLYING ASSETS INCLUDE "PLAN ASSETS" BY REASON OF ANY PLAN'S INVESTMENT IN THE ENTITY, AND NO PERSON INVESTING "PLAN ASSETS" OF ANY PLAN MAY ACQUIRE OR HOLD THIS PREFERRED SECURITY OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN. ANY PURCHASER OR HOLDER OF THE PREFERRED SECURITIES OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN WILL BE DEEMED TO HAVE REPRESENTED BY ITS PURCHASE AND HOLDING THEREOF THAT IT IS NOT AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN WITHIN THE MEANING OF SECTION 3(3) OF ERISA, OR A PLAN TO WHICH SECTION 4975 OF THE CODE IS APPLICABLE, A TRUSTEE OR OTHER PERSON ACTING ON BEHALF OF AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN OR PLAN, OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY USING THE ASSETS OF ANY EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN OR PLAN TO FINANCE SUCH PURCHASE." (b) The above legend shall not be removed from any of the Preferred Securities Certificates unless there is delivered to the Property Trustee and the Depositor satisfactory evidence, which may include an opinion of counsel, as may be reasonably required to ensure that any future transfers thereof may be made without restriction under the provisions of the Securities Act and other applicable law. Upon provision of such satisfactory evidence, one or more of the Administrative Trustees on behalf of the Trust shall execute and deliver to the Property Trustee, and the Property Trustee shall deliver, at the written direction of the Administrative Trustees and the Depositor, Preferred Securities Certificates that do not bear the legend. SECTION 5.13. Form of Certificate of Authentication. The Property Trustee's certificate of authentication shall be in substantially the following form: 33 This is one of the Preferred Securities referred to in the within-mentioned Trust Agreement. Dated: JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, not in its individual capacity, but solely as Property Trustee By: -------------------------------------- Authorized signatory ARTICLE VI. MEETINGS; VOTING; ACTS OF HOLDERS SECTION 6.1. Notice of Meetings. Notice of all meetings of the Holders of the Preferred Securities, stating the time, place and purpose of the meeting, shall be given by the Property Trustee pursuant to Section 10.8 to each Holder of Preferred Securities, at such Holder's registered address, at least fifteen (15) days and not more than ninety (90) days before the meeting. At any such meeting, any business properly before the meeting may be so considered whether or not stated in the notice of the meeting. Any adjourned meeting may be held as adjourned without further notice. SECTION 6.2. Meetings of Holders of the Preferred Securities. (a) No annual meeting of Holders is required to be held. The Property Trustee, however, shall call a meeting of the Holders of the Preferred Securities to vote on any matter upon the written request of the Holders of at least twenty five percent (25%) in aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Outstanding Preferred Securities and the Administrative Trustees or the Property Trustee may, at any time in their discretion, call a meeting of the Holders of the Preferred Securities to vote on any matters as to which such Holders are entitled to vote. (b) The Holders of at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities, present in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at any meeting of the Holders of the Preferred Securities. (c) If a quorum is present at a meeting, an affirmative vote by the Holders present, in person or by proxy, holding Preferred Securities representing at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities held by the Holders present, either in person or by proxy, at such meeting shall constitute the action of the Holders of the Preferred Securities, unless this Trust Agreement requires a lesser or greater number of affirmative votes. 34SECTION 6.3. Voting Rights. Holders shall be entitled to one vote for each $10,000 of Liquidation Amount represented by their Outstanding Trust Securities in respect of any matter as to which such Holders are entitled to vote. SECTION 6.4. Proxies, Etc. At any meeting of Holders, any Holder entitled to vote thereat may vote by proxy, provided, that no proxy shall be voted at any meeting unless it shall have been placed on file with the Administrative Trustees, or with such other officer or agent of the Trust as the Administrative Trustees may direct, for verification prior to the time at which such vote shall be taken. Pursuant to a resolution of the Property Trustee, proxies may be solicited in the name of the Property Trustee or one or more officers of the Property Trustee. Only Holders of record shall be entitled to vote. When Trust Securities are held jointly by several Persons, any one of them may vote at any meeting in person or by proxy in respect of such Trust Securities, but if more than one of them shall be present at such meeting in person or by proxy, and such joint owners or their proxies so present disagree as to any vote to be cast, such vote shall not be received in respect of such Trust Securities. A proxy purporting to be executed by or on behalf of a Holder shall be deemed valid unless challenged at or prior to its exercise, and the burden of proving invalidity shall rest on the challenger. No proxy shall be valid more than three years after its date of execution. SECTION 6.5. Holder Action by Written Consent. Any action that may be taken by Holders at a meeting may be taken without a meeting and without prior notice if Holders holding at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of all Preferred Securities entitled to vote in respect of such action (or such lesser or greater proportion thereof as shall be required by any other provision of this Trust Agreement) shall consent to the action in writing; provided, that notice of such action is promptly provided to the Holders of Preferred Securities that did not consent to such action. Any action that may be taken by the Holders of all the Common Securities may be taken without a meeting and without prior notice if such Holders shall consent to the action in writing. SECTION 6.6. Record Date for Voting and Other Purposes. Except as provided in Section 6.10(a), for the purposes of determining the Holders who are entitled to notice of and to vote at any meeting or to act by written consent, or to participate in any distribution on the Trust Securities in respect of which a record date is not otherwise provided for in this Trust Agreement, or for the purpose of any other action, the Administrative Trustees may from time to time fix a date, not more than ninety (90) days prior to the date of any meeting of Holders or the payment of a Distribution or other action, as the case may be, as a record date for the determination of the identity of the Holders of record for such purposes. SECTION 6.7. Acts of Holders. (a) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided or permitted by this Trust Agreement to be given, made or taken by Holders may 35 be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by an agent thereof duly appointed in writing; and, except as otherwise expressly provided herein, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments are delivered to an Administrative Trustee. Such instrument or instruments (and the action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the "Act" of the Holders signing such instrument or instruments. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Trust Agreement and conclusive in favor of the Trustees, if made in the manner provided in this Section 6.7. (b) The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such execution or by a certificate of a notary public or other officer authorized by law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual signing such instrument or writing acknowledged to him the execution thereof. Where such execution is by a signer acting in a capacity other than such signer's individual capacity, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof of such signer's authority. The fact and date of the execution of any such instrument or writing, or the authority of the Person executing the same, may also be proved in any other manner that any Trustee receiving the same deems sufficient. (c) The ownership of Trust Securities shall be proved by the Securities Register. (d) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act of the Holder of any Trust Security shall bind every future Holder of the same Trust Security and the Holder of every Trust Security issued upon the registration of transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof in respect of anything done, omitted or suffered to be done by the Trustees, the Administrative Trustees or the Trust in reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Trust Security. (e) Without limiting the foregoing, a Holder entitled hereunder to take any action hereunder with regard to any particular Trust Security may do so with regard to all or any part of the Liquidation Amount of such Trust Security or by one or more duly appointed agents each of which may do so pursuant to such appointment with regard to all or any part of such Liquidation Amount. (f) If any dispute shall arise among the Holders or the Trustees with respect to the authenticity, validity or binding nature of any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act of such Holder or Trustee under this Article VI, then the determination of such matter by the Property Trustee shall be conclusive with respect to such matter. SECTION 6.8. Inspection of Records. Upon reasonable written notice to the Administrative Trustees and the Property Trustee, the records of the Trust shall be open to inspection by any Holder during normal business hours for any purpose reasonably related to such Holder's interest as a Holder. 36 SECTION 6.9. Limitations on Voting Rights. (a) Except as expressly provided in this Trust Agreement and in the Indenture and as otherwise required by law, no Holder of Preferred Securities shall have any right to vote or in any manner otherwise control the administration, operation and management of the Trust or the obligations of the parties hereto, nor shall anything herein set forth, or contained in the terms of the Securities Certificates, be construed so as to constitute the Holders from time to time as partners or members of an association. (b) So long as any Notes are held by the Property Trustee on behalf of the Trust, the Property Trustee shall not (i) direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Note Trustee, or exercise any trust or power conferred on the Property Trustee with respect to the Notes, (ii) waive any past default that may be waived under Section 5.13 of the Indenture or waive compliance with any covenant or condition under Section 10.7 of the Indenture, (iii) exercise any right to rescind or annul a declaration that the principal of all the Notes shall be due and payable or (iv) consent to any amendment, modification or termination of the Indenture or the Notes, where such consent shall be required, without, in each case, obtaining the prior approval of the Holders of at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities; provided, that where a consent under the Indenture would require the consent of each holder of Notes (or each Holder of Preferred Securities) affected thereby, no such consent shall be given by the Property Trustee without the prior written consent of each Holder of Preferred Securities. The Property Trustee shall not revoke any action previously authorized or approved by a vote of the Holders of the Preferred Securities, except by a subsequent vote of the Holders of the Preferred Securities. In addition to obtaining the foregoing approvals of the Holders of the Preferred Securities, prior to taking any of the foregoing actions, the Property Trustee shall, at the expense of the Depositor, obtain an Opinion of Counsel experienced in such matters to the effect that such action shall not cause the Trust to be taxable as a corporation or classified as other than a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes. (c) If any proposed amendment to the Trust Agreement provides for, or the Trustees otherwise propose to effect, (i) any action that would adversely affect in any material respect the powers, preferences or special rights of the Preferred Securities, whether by way of amendment to the Trust Agreement or otherwise or (ii) the dissolution, winding-up or termination of the Trust, other than pursuant to the terms of this Trust Agreement, then the Holders of Outstanding Preferred Securities as a class will be entitled to vote on such amendment or proposal and such amendment or proposal shall not be effective except with the approval of the Holders of at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Trust Agreement, no amendment to this Trust Agreement may be made if, as a result of such amendment, it would cause the Trust to be taxable as a corporation or classified as other than a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes. SECTION 6.10. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission of Annulment; Waivers of Past Defaults. (a) For so long as any Preferred Securities remain Outstanding, if, upon a Note Event of Default, the Note Trustee fails or the holders of not less than twenty five percent (25%) in 37 principal amount of the outstanding Notes fail to declare the principal of all of the Notes to be immediately due and payable, the Holders of at least twenty five percent (25%) in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities then Outstanding shall have the right to make such declaration by a notice in writing to the Property Trustee, the Depositor and the Note Trustee. At any time after a declaration of acceleration with respect to the Notes has been made and before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained by the Note Trustee as provided in the Indenture, the Holders of at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities, by written notice to the Property Trustee, the Depositor and the Note Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences if: (i) the Depositor has paid or deposited with the Note Trustee a sum sufficient to pay: (A) all overdue installments of interest on all of the Notes; (B) any accrued Additional Interest on all of the Notes; (C) the principal of and any premium, if any, on any Notes that have become due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration and interest and Additional Interest thereon at the rate borne by the Notes; and (D) all sums paid or advanced by the Note Trustee under the Indenture and the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Note Trustee, the Property Trustee and their agents and counsel; and (ii) all Note Events of Default, other than the non-payment of the principal of the Notes that has become due solely by such acceleration, have been cured or waived as provided in Section 5.13 of the Indenture. Upon receipt by the Property Trustee of written notice requesting such an acceleration, or rescission and annulment thereof, by Holders of any part of the Preferred Securities, a record date shall be established for determining Holders of Outstanding Preferred Securities entitled to join in such notice, which record date shall be at the close of business on the day the Property Trustee receives such notice. The Holders on such record date, or their duly designated proxies, and only such Persons, shall be entitled to join in such notice, whether or not such Holders remain Holders after such record date; provided, that, unless such declaration of acceleration, or rescission and annulment, as the case may be, shall have become effective by virtue of the requisite percentage having joined in such notice prior to the day that is ninety (90) days after such record date, such notice of declaration of acceleration, or rescission and annulment, as the case may be, shall automatically and without further action by any Holder be canceled and of no further effect. Nothing in this paragraph shall prevent a Holder, or a proxy of a Holder, from giving, after expiration of such ninety (90)-day period, a new written notice of declaration of acceleration, or rescission and annulment thereof, as the case may be, that is identical to a written notice that has been canceled pursuant to the proviso to the preceding sentence, in which event a new record date shall be established pursuant to the provisions of this Section 6.10(a). (b) For so long as any Preferred Securities remain Outstanding, to the fullest extent permitted by law and subject to the terms of this Trust Agreement and the Indenture, upon a Note 38 Event of Default specified in paragraph (a) or (b) of Section 5.1 of the Indenture, any Holder of Preferred Securities shall have the right to institute a proceeding directly against the Depositor, pursuant to Section 5.8 of the Indenture, for enforcement of payment to such Holder of any amounts payable in respect of Notes having an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities of such Holder. Except as set forth in Section 6.10(a) and this Section 6.10(b), the Holders of Preferred Securities shall have no right to exercise directly any right or remedy available to the holders of, or in respect of, the Notes. (c) Notwithstanding paragraphs (a) and (b) of this Section 6.10, the Holders of at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities may, on behalf of the Holders of all the Preferred Securities, waive any Note Event of Default, except any Note Event of Default arising from the failure to pay any principal of or any premium, if any, or interest on (including any Additional Interest) the Notes (unless such Note Event of Default has been cured and a sum sufficient to pay all matured installments of interest and all principal and premium, if any, on all Notes due otherwise than by acceleration has been deposited with the Note Trustee) or a Note Event of Default in respect of a covenant or provision that under the Indenture cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the holder of each outstanding Note. Upon any such waiver, such Note Event of Default shall cease to exist and any Note Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured for every purpose of the Indenture; but no such waiver shall affect any subsequent Note Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon. (d) Notwithstanding paragraphs (a) and (b) of this Section 6.10, the Holders of at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities may, on behalf of the Holders of all the Preferred Securities, waive any past Event of Default and its consequences. Upon such waiver, any such Event of Default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of this Trust Agreement, but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon. (e) The Holders of a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Property Trustee in respect of this Trust Agreement or the Notes or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Property Trustee under this Trust Agreement; provided, that, subject to Sections 8.5 and 8.7, the Property Trustee shall have the right to decline to follow any such direction if the Property Trustee being advised by counsel determines that the action so directed may not lawfully be taken, or if the Property Trustee in good faith shall, by an officer or officers of the Property Trustee, determine that the proceedings so directed would be illegal or involve it in personal liability or be unduly prejudicial to the rights of Holders not party to such direction, and provided, further, that nothing in this Trust Agreement shall impair the right of the Property Trustee to take any action deemed proper by the Property Trustee and which is not inconsistent with such direction. 39 ARTICLE VII. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES SECTION 7.1. Representations and Warranties of the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee. The Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee, each severally on behalf of and as to itself, hereby represents and warrants for the benefit of the Depositor and the Holders that: (a) the Property Trustee is a national banking association, duly organized and validly existing under the laws of the United States; (b) the Property Trustee has full corporate power, authority and legal right to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under this Trust Agreement and has taken all necessary action to authorize the execution, delivery and performance by it of this Trust Agreement; (c) the Delaware Trustee is a national banking association, duly formed and validly existing under the laws of the United States; (d) the Delaware Trustee has full corporate power, authority and legal right to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under this Trust Agreement and has taken all necessary action to authorize the execution, delivery and performance by it of this Trust Agreement; (e) this Trust Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee and constitutes the legal, valid and binding agreement of each of the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee enforceable against each of them in accordance with its terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally and to general principles of equity; (f) the execution, delivery and performance of this Trust Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate or other action on the part of the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee and do not require any approval of stockholders of the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee and such execution, delivery and performance will not (i) violate the Restated Organization Certificate or Articles of Association, as applicable, or By-laws of the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee, (ii) violate any provision of, or constitute, with or without notice or lapse of time, a default under, or result in the imposition of any lien on any properties included in the Trust Property pursuant to the provisions of any indenture, mortgage, credit agreement, license or other agreement or instrument to which the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee is a party or by which it is bound, or (iii) violate any applicable law, governmental rule or regulation of the United States or the State of Delaware, as the case may be, governing the banking, trust or general powers of the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee or any order, judgment or decree applicable to the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee; 40 (g) neither the authorization, execution or delivery by the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee of this Trust Agreement nor the consummation of any of the transactions by the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee contemplated herein requires the consent or approval of, the giving of notice to, the registration with or the taking of any other action with respect to any governmental authority or agency under any existing law of the United States or the State of Delaware governing the banking, trust or general powers of the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee, as the case may be; and (h) to the best of each of the Property Trustee's and the Delaware Trustee's knowledge, there are no proceedings pending or threatened against or affecting the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee in any court or before any governmental authority, agency or arbitration board or tribunal that, individually or in the aggregate, would materially and adversely affect the Trust or would question the right, power and authority of the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee, as the case may be, to enter into or perform its obligations as one of the Trustees under this Trust Agreement. SECTION 7.2. Representations and Warranties of Depositor. The Depositor hereby represents and warrants for the benefit of the Holders that: (a) the Depositor is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of its state of incorporation; (b) the Depositor has full corporate power, authority and legal right to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under this Trust Agreement and has taken all necessary action to authorize the execution, delivery and performance by it of this Trust Agreement; (c) this Trust Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Depositor and constitutes the legal, valid and binding agreement of the Depositor enforceable against the Depositor in accordance with its terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency and similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally and to general principles of equity; (d) the Securities Certificates issued at the Closing Date on behalf of the Trust have been duly authorized and will have been duly and validly executed, issued and delivered by the applicable Trustees pursuant to the terms and provisions of, and in accordance with the requirements of, this Trust Agreement and the Holders will be, as of such date, entitled to the benefits of this Trust Agreement; (e) the execution, delivery and performance of this Trust Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate or other action on the part of the Depositor and do not require any approval of stockholders of the Depositor and such execution, delivery and performance will not (i) violate the articles or certificate of incorporation or by-laws (or other organizational documents) of the Depositor or (ii) violate any applicable law, governmental rule or regulation governing the Depositor 41 or any material portion of its property or any order, judgment or decree applicable to the Depositor or any material portion of its property; (f) neither the authorization, execution or delivery by the Depositor of this Trust Agreement nor the consummation of any of the transactions by the Depositor contemplated herein requires the consent or approval of, the giving of notice to, the registration with or the taking of any other action with respect to any governmental authority or agency under any existing law governing the Depositor or any material portion of its property; and (g) there are no proceedings pending or, to the best of the Depositor's knowledge, threatened against or affecting the Depositor or any material portion of its property in any court or before any governmental authority, agency or arbitration board or tribunal that, individually or in the aggregate, would materially and adversely affect the Trust or would question the right, power and authority of the Depositor, as the case may be, to enter into or perform its obligations under this Trust Agreement. ARTICLE VIII. THE TRUSTEES SECTION 8.1. Number of Trustees. The number of Trustees shall be five (5); provided, that the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee may be the same Person, in which case the number of Trustees shall be four (4). The number of Trustees may be increased or decreased by Act of the Holder of the Common Securities subject to Sections 8.2, 8.3, and 8.4. The death, resignation, retirement, removal, bankruptcy, incompetence or incapacity to perform the duties of a Trustee shall not operate to annul, dissolve or terminate the Trust. SECTION 8.2. Property Trustee Required. There shall at all times be a Property Trustee hereunder with respect to the Trust Securities. The Property Trustee shall be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States or of any state thereof, authorized to exercise corporate trust powers, having a combined capital and surplus of at least fifty million dollars ($50,000,000), subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authority and having an office within the United States. If any such Person publishes reports of condition at least annually pursuant to law or to the requirements of its supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section 8.2, the combined capital and surplus of such Person shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time the Property Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section 8.2, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article VIII. 42 SECTION 8.3. Delaware Trustee Required. (a) If required by the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, there shall at all times be a Delaware Trustee with respect to the Trust Securities. The Delaware Trustee shall either be (i) a natural person who is at least 21 years of age and a resident of the State of Delaware or (ii) a legal entity that has its principal place of business in the State of Delaware, otherwise meets the requirements of applicable Delaware law and shall act through one or more persons authorized to bind such entity. If at any time the Delaware Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section 8.3, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article VIII. The Delaware Trustee shall have the same rights, privileges and immunities as the Property Trustee. (b) The Delaware Trustee shall not be entitled to exercise any powers, nor shall the Delaware Trustee have any of the duties and responsibilities, of the Property Trustee or the Administrative Trustees set forth herein. The Delaware Trustee shall be one of the trustees of the Trust for the sole and limited purpose of fulfilling the requirements of Section 3807 of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act and for taking such actions as are required to be taken by a Delaware trustee under the Delaware Statutory Trust Act. The duties (including fiduciary duties), liabilities and obligations of the Delaware Trustee shall be limited to (a) accepting legal process served on the Trust in the State of Delaware and (b) the execution of any certificates required to be filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware that the Delaware Trustee is required to execute under Section 3811 of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act and there shall be no other duties (including fiduciary duties) or obligations, express or implied, at law or in equity, of the Delaware Trustee. SECTION 8.4. Appointment of Administrative Trustees. (a) There shall at all times be one or more Administrative Trustees hereunder with respect to the Trust Securities. Each Administrative Trustee shall be either a natural person who is at least 21 years of age or a legal entity that shall act through one or more persons authorized to bind that entity. Each of the individuals identified as an "Administrative Trustee" in the preamble of this Trust Agreement hereby accepts his or her appointment as such. (b) Except where a requirement for action by a specific number of Administrative Trustees is expressly set forth in this Trust Agreement, any act required or permitted to be taken by, and any power of the Administrative Trustees may be exercised by, or with the consent of, any one such Administrative Trustee. Whenever a vacancy in the number of Administrative Trustees shall occur, until such vacancy is filled by the appointment of an Administrative Trustee in accordance with Section 8.11, the Administrative Trustees in office, regardless of their number (and notwithstanding any other provision of this Trust Agreement), shall have all the powers granted to the Administrative Trustees and shall discharge all the duties imposed upon the Administrative Trustees by this Trust Agreement. SECTION 8.5. Duties and Responsibilities of the Trustees. (a) The rights, immunities, duties and responsibilities of the Trustees shall be as provided by this Trust Agreement and there shall be no other duties (including fiduciary duties) 43 or obligations, express or implied, at law or in equity, of the Trustees; provided, however, that if an Event of Default known to the Property Trustee has occurred and is continuing, the Property Trustee shall, prior to the receipt of directions, if any, from the Holders of at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities, exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Trust Agreement, and use the same degree of care and skill in its exercise, as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of such person's own affairs. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no provision of this Trust Agreement shall require any of the Trustees to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of any of its or their rights or powers, if it or they shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it. Whether or not herein expressly so provided, every provision of this Trust Agreement relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or affording protection to the Trustees shall be subject to the provisions of this Section 8.5. Nothing in this Trust Agreement shall be construed to release any Administrative Trustee from liability for his or her own negligent action, negligent failure to act; or his or her own willful misconduct. To the extent that, at law or in equity, a Trustee has duties and liabilities relating to the Trust or to the Holders, such Trustee shall not be liable to the Trust or to any Holder for such Trustee's good faith reliance on the provisions of this Trust Agreement. The provisions of this Trust Agreement, to the extent that they restrict the duties and liabilities of the Trustees otherwise existing at law or in equity, are agreed by the Depositor and the Holders to replace such other duties and liabilities of the Trustees. (b) All payments made by the Property Trustee or a Paying Agent in respect of the Trust Securities shall be made only from the revenue and proceeds from the Trust Property and only to the extent that there shall be sufficient revenue or proceeds from the Trust Property to enable the Property Trustee or a Paying Agent to make payments in accordance with the terms hereof. Each Holder, by its acceptance of a Trust Security, agrees that it will look solely to the revenue and proceeds from the Trust Property to the extent legally available for distribution to it as herein provided and that the Trustees are not personally liable to it for any amount distributable in respect of any Trust Security or for any other liability in respect of any Trust Security. This Section 8.5(b) does not limit the liability of the Trustees expressly set forth elsewhere in this Trust Agreement. (c) No provisions of this Trust Agreement shall be construed to relieve the Property Trustee from liability with respect to matters that are within the authority of the Property Trustee under this Trust Agreement for its own negligent action, negligent failure to act or willful misconduct, except that: (i) the Property Trustee shall not be liable for any error or judgment made in good faith by an authorized officer of the Property Trustee, unless it shall be proved that the Property Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts; (ii) the Property Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the direction of the Holders of at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Property 44 Trustee hereunder or under the Indenture, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Property Trustee under this Trust Agreement; (iii) the Property Trustee's sole duty with respect to the custody, safe keeping and physical preservation of the Notes and the Payment Account shall be to deal with such Property in a similar manner as the Property Trustee deals with similar property for its own account, subject to the protections and limitations on liability afforded to the Property Trustee under this Trust Agreement; (iv) the Property Trustee shall not be liable for any interest on any money received by it except as it may otherwise agree in writing with the Depositor; and money held by the Property Trustee need not be segregated from other funds held by it except in relation to the Payment Account maintained by the Property Trustee pursuant to Section 3.1 and except to the extent otherwise required by law; and (v) the Property Trustee shall not be responsible for monitoring the compliance by the Administrative Trustees or the Depositor with their respective duties under this Trust Agreement, nor shall the Property Trustee be liable for the default or misconduct of any other Trustee or the Depositor. SECTION 8.6. Notices of Defaults and Extensions. (a) Within ninety (90) days after the occurrence of a default actually known to the Property Trustee, the Property Trustee shall transmit notice of such default to the Holders, the Administrative Trustees and the Depositor, unless such default shall have been cured or waived. For the purpose of this Section 8.6, the term "default" means any event that is, or after notice or lapse of time or both would become, an Event of Default. (b) Within five (5) Business Days after the receipt of notice of the Depositor's exercise of its right to defer the payment of interest on the Notes pursuant to the Indenture, the Property Trustee shall transmit, in the manner and to the extent provided in Section 10.8, notice of such exercise to the Holders and the Administrative Trustees, unless such exercise shall have been revoked. (c) The Property Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of any Event of Default unless either (i) a Responsible Officer of the Property Trustee shall have actual knowledge or (ii) the Property Trustee shall have received written notice thereof from the Depositor, an Administrative Trustee or a Holder. (d) The Property Trustee shall notify all Holders of the Preferred Securities of any notice of default received with respect to the Notes. SECTION 8.7. Certain Rights of Property Trustee. Subject to the provisions of Section 8.5: (a) the Property Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting in good faith and in accordance with the terms hereof upon any 45 resolution, Opinion of Counsel, certificate, written representation of a Holder or transferee, certificate of auditors or any other resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, appraisal, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties; (b) if (i) in performing its duties under this Trust Agreement the Property Trustee is required to decide between alternative courses of action, (ii) in construing any of the provisions of this Trust Agreement the Property Trustee finds a provision ambiguous or inconsistent with any other provisions contained herein or (iii) the Property Trustee is unsure of the application of any provision of this Trust Agreement, then, except as to any matter as to which the Holders of the Preferred Securities are entitled to vote under the terms of this Trust Agreement, the Property Trustee shall deliver a notice to the Depositor requesting the Depositor's written instruction as to the course of action to be taken and the Property Trustee shall take such action, or refrain from taking such action, as the Property Trustee shall be instructed in writing to take, or to refrain from taking, by the Depositor; provided, that if the Property Trustee does not receive such instructions of the Depositor within ten (10) Business Days after it has delivered such notice or such reasonably shorter period of time set forth in such notice, the Property Trustee may, but shall be under no duty to, take such action, or refrain from taking such action, as the Property Trustee shall deem advisable and in the best interests of the Holders, in which event the Property Trustee shall have no liability except for its own negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct; (c) any direction or act of the Depositor contemplated by this Trust Agreement shall be sufficiently evidenced by an Officers' Certificate unless otherwise expressly provided herein; (d) any direction or act of an Administrative Trustee contemplated by this Trust Agreement shall be sufficiently evidenced by a certificate executed by such Administrative Trustee and setting forth such direction or act; (e) the Property Trustee shall have no duty to see to any recording, filing or registration of any instrument (including any financing or continuation statement or any filing under tax or securities laws) or any re-recording, re-filing or re-registration thereof; (f) the Property Trustee may consult with counsel (which counsel may be counsel to the Property Trustee, the Depositor or any of its Affiliates, and may include any of its employees) and the advice of such counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon and in accordance with such advice; the Property Trustee shall have the right at any time to seek instructions concerning the administration of this Trust Agreement from any court of competent jurisdiction; (g) the Property Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Trust Agreement at the request or direction of any of the Holders pursuant to this Trust Agreement, unless such Holders shall have offered to 46 the Property Trustee reasonable security or indemnity against the costs, expenses (including reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses) and liabilities that might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction, including reasonable advances as may be requested by the Property Trustee; provided, however, that nothing contained in this Section 8.7(g) shall be construed to relieve the Property Trustee, upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, of its obligation to exercise the rights and powers in it vested by this Trust Agreement; provided, further, that nothing contained in this Section 8.7(g) shall prevent the Property Trustee from exercising its rights under Section 8.11 hereof; (h) the Property Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, approval, bond, debenture, note or other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document, unless requested in writing to do so by one or more Holders, but the Property Trustee may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit, and, if the Property Trustee shall determine to make such inquiry or investigation, it shall be entitled to examine the books, records and premises of the Depositor, personally or by agent or attorney; (i) the Property Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through its agents, attorneys, custodians or nominees and the Property Trustee shall not be responsible for any negligence or misconduct on the part of any such agent, attorney, custodian or nominee appointed with due care by it hereunder; (j) whenever in the administration of this Trust Agreement the Property Trustee shall deem it desirable to receive instructions with respect to enforcing any remedy or right hereunder, the Property Trustee (i) may request instructions from the Holders (which instructions may only be given by the Holders of the same proportion in Liquidation Amount of the Trust Securities as would be entitled to direct the Property Trustee under this Trust Agreement in respect of such remedy, right or action), (ii) may refrain from enforcing such remedy or right or taking such other action until such instructions are received and (iii) shall be protected in acting in accordance with such instructions; (k) except as otherwise expressly provided by this Trust Agreement, the Property Trustee shall not be under any obligation to take any action that is discretionary under the provisions of this Trust Agreement; (l) without prejudice to any other rights available to the Property Trustee under applicable law, when the Property Trustee incurs expenses or renders services in connection with a Bankruptcy Event, such expenses (including legal fees and expenses of its agents and counsel) and the compensation for such services are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any bankruptcy law or law relating to creditors rights generally; and (m) whenever in the administration of this Trust Agreement the Property Trustee shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking, 47 suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Property Trustee (unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, request and rely on an Officers' Certificate which, upon receipt of such request, shall be promptly delivered by the Depositor. No provision of this Trust Agreement shall be deemed to impose any duty or obligation on any Trustee to perform any act or acts or exercise any right, power, duty or obligation conferred or imposed on it, in any jurisdiction in which it shall be illegal, or in which such Person shall be unqualified or incompetent in accordance with applicable law, to perform any such act or acts, or to exercise any such right, power, duty or obligation. SECTION 8.8. Delegation of Power. Any Trustee may, by power of attorney consistent with applicable law, delegate to any other natural person over the age of 21 its, his or her power for the purpose of executing any documents contemplated in Section 2.5. The Trustees shall have power to delegate from time to time to such of their number or to the Depositor the doing of such things and the execution of such instruments either in the name of the Trust or the names of the Trustees or otherwise as the Trustees may deem expedient, to the extent such delegation is not prohibited by applicable law or contrary to the provisions of this Trust Agreement. SECTION 8.9. May Hold Securities. Any Trustee or any other agent of any Trustee or the Trust, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Trust Securities and except as provided in the definition of the term "Outstanding" in Article I, may otherwise deal with the Trust with the same rights it would have if it were not an Trustee or such other agent. SECTION 8.10. Compensation; Reimbursement; Indemnity. The Depositor agrees: (a) to pay to the Trustees from time to time such reasonable compensation for all services rendered by them hereunder as may be agreed by the Depositor and the Trustees from time to time (which compensation shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust); (b) to reimburse the Trustees upon request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Trustees in accordance with any provision of this Trust Agreement (including the reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements of their agents and counsel), except any such expense, disbursement or advance as may be attributable to their gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct; and (c) to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, to indemnify and hold harmless (i) each Trustee, (ii) any Affiliate of any Trustee, (iii) any officer, director, shareholder, employee, representative or agent of any Trustee or any Affiliate of any Trustee and (iv) any employee or agent of the Trust (referred to herein as an 48 "Indemnified Person") from and against any loss, damage, liability, tax (other than income, franchise or other taxes imposed on amounts paid pursuant to Section 8.10(a) or (b) hereof), penalty, expense or claim of any kind or nature whatsoever incurred without negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct on its part, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of the Trust hereunder, including the advancement of funds to cover the costs and expenses of defending itself against any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder. The Trust shall have no payment, reimbursement or indemnity obligations to the Trustees under this Section 8.10. The provisions of this Section 8.10 shall survive the termination of this Trust Agreement and the earlier removal or resignation of any Trustee. No Trustee may claim any Lien on any Trust Property whether before or after termination of the Trust as a result of any amount due pursuant to this Section 8.10. To the fullest extent permitted by law, in no event shall the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee be liable for any indirect, special, punitive or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever, including, but not limited to, lost profits, even if the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action. In no event shall the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee be liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder because of circumstances beyond its control, including, but not limited to, acts of God, flood, war (whether declared or undeclared), terrorism, fire, riot, embargo, government action, including any laws, ordinances, regulations, governmental action or the like which delay, restrict or prohibit the providing of the services contemplated by this Trust Agreement. SECTION 8.11. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor. (a) No resignation or removal of any Trustee and no appointment of a successor Trustee pursuant to this Article VIII shall become effective until the acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee in accordance with the applicable requirements of Section 8.12. (b) A Trustee may resign at any time by giving written notice thereof to the Depositor and, in the case of the Property Trustee and the Delaware Trustee, to the Holders. (c) Unless an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee, or both of them, may be removed (with or without cause) at any time by Act of the Holder of Common Securities. If an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee, or both of them, may be removed (with or without cause) at such time by Act of the Holders of at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities, delivered to the removed Trustee (in its individual capacity and on behalf of the Trust). An Administrative Trustee may be removed (with or without cause) only by Act of the Holder of the Common Securities at any time. (d) If any Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of acting as Trustee, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of any Trustee for any reason, at a time when no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Holder of the Common Securities, by Act of 49 the Holder of the Common Securities, shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee or Trustees, and such successor Trustee and the retiring Trustee shall comply with the applicable requirements of Section 8.12. If the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of continuing to act as the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee, as the case may be, at a time when an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Holders of the Preferred Securities, by Act of the Holders of a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities, shall promptly appoint a successor Property Trustee or Delaware Trustee, and such successor Property Trustee or Delaware Trustee and the retiring Property Trustee or Delaware Trustee shall comply with the applicable requirements of Section 8.12. If an Administrative Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of acting as Administrative Trustee, at a time when an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Holder of the Common Securities by Act of the Holder of Common Securities shall promptly appoint a successor Administrative Trustee and such successor Administrative Trustee and the retiring Administrative Trustee shall comply with the applicable requirements of Section 8.12. If no successor Trustee shall have been so appointed by the Holder of the Common Securities or Holders of the Preferred Securities, as the case may be, and accepted appointment in the manner required by Section 8.12 within thirty (30) days after the giving of a notice of resignation by a Trustee, the removal of a Trustee, or a Trustee becoming incapable of acting as such Trustee, any Holder who has been a Holder of Preferred Securities for at least six (6) months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, and any resigning Trustee may, in each case, at the expense of the Depositor, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee. (e) The Depositor shall give notice of each resignation and each removal of the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee and each appointment of a successor Property Trustee or Delaware Trustee to all Holders in the manner provided in Section 10.8. Each notice shall include the name of the successor Property Trustee or Delaware Trustee and the address of its Corporate Trust Office if it is the Property Trustee. (f) Notwithstanding the foregoing or any other provision of this Trust Agreement, in the event any Administrative Trustee or a Delaware Trustee who is a natural person dies or becomes, in the opinion of the Holder of Common Securities, incompetent or incapacitated, the vacancy created by such death, incompetence or incapacity may be filled by (i) the unanimous act of the remaining Administrative Trustees if there are at least two of them or (ii) otherwise by the Holder of the Common Securities (with the successor in each case being a Person who satisfies the eligibility requirement for Administrative Trustees or Delaware Trustee, as the case may be, set forth in Sections 8.3 and 8.4). (g) Upon the appointment of a successor Delaware Trustee, such successor Delaware Trustee shall file a Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Trust in accordance with Section 3810 of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act. SECTION 8.12. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor. (a) In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee, each successor Trustee shall execute and deliver to the Depositor and to the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee 50 shall become effective and each such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on request of the Trust or any successor Trustee such retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of its charges, duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all Trust Property, all proceeds thereof and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder with respect to the Trust Securities and the Trust. (b) Upon request of any such successor Trustee, the Trust (or the retiring Trustee if requested by the Depositor) shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming to such successor Trustee all such rights, powers and trusts referred to in the preceding paragraph. (c) No successor Trustee shall accept its appointment unless at the time of such acceptance such successor Trustee shall be qualified and eligible under this Article VIII. SECTION 8.13. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business. Any Person into which the Property Trustee or the Delaware Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any Person resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which such Trustee shall be a party, or any Person succeeding to all or substantially all the corporate trust business of such Trustee, shall be the successor of such Trustee hereunder, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto, provided, that such Person shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this Article VIII. SECTION 8.14. Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities. The recitals contained herein and in the Securities Certificates shall be taken as the statements of the Trust and the Depositor, and the Trustees do not assume any responsibility for their correctness. The Trustees make no representations as to the title to, or value or condition of, the property of the Trust or any part thereof, nor as to the validity or sufficiency of this Trust Agreement, the Notes or the Trust Securities. The Trustees shall not be accountable for the use or application by the Depositor of the proceeds of the Notes. SECTION 8.15. Property Trustee May File Proofs of Claim. (a) In case of any Bankruptcy Event (or event that with the passage of time would become a Bankruptcy Event) relative to the Trust or any other obligor upon the Trust Securities or the property of the Trust or of such other obligor or their creditors, the Property Trustee (irrespective of whether any Distributions on the Trust Securities shall then be due and payable and irrespective of whether the Property Trustee shall have made any demand on the Trust for the payment of any past due Distributions) shall be entitled and empowered, to the fullest extent permitted by law, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise: (i) to file and prove a claim for the whole amount of any Distributions owing and unpaid in respect of the Trust Securities and to file such other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Property Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and 51 advances of the Property Trustee, its agents and counsel) and of the Holders allowed in such judicial proceeding; and (ii) to collect and receive any monies or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same; and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to the Property Trustee and, in the event the Property Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Property Trustee first any amount due it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Property Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Property Trustee. (b) Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Property Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or compensation affecting the Trust Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof or to authorize the Property Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding. SECTION 8.16. Reports to the Property Trustee. (a) The Depositor and the Administrative Trustees shall deliver to the Property Trustee, not later than forty five (45) days after the end of each of the first three fiscal quarters of the Depositor and not later than ninety (90) days after the end of each fiscal year of the Trust ending after the date of this Trust Agreement, an Officers' Certificate covering the preceding fiscal year, stating whether or not to the knowledge of the signers thereof the Depositor and the Trust are in default in the performance or observance of any of the terms, provisions and conditions of this Trust Agreement (without regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice provided hereunder) and, if the Depositor or the Trust shall be in default, specifying all such defaults and the nature and status thereof of which they have knowledge. (b) The Depositor shall cause NorthStar Realty Finance Corp., the general partner of the Depositor, to furnish (i) to the Property Trustee; (ii) Cohen Bros. & Company, 450 Park, 23rd Floor, New York, NY 10022 or such other address as designated by Cohen Bros. & Company); and (iii) any Owner of the Preferred Securities reasonably identified to the Depositor and the Trust (which identification may be made either by such Owner or by Cohen Bros. & Company) a duly completed and executed certificate substantively and substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit G, including the financial statements referenced in such Exhibit, which certificate and financial statements shall be so furnished by the Depositor not later than fifty (50) days after the end of each of the first three fiscal quarters of each fiscal year of the Depositor and not later than ninety-five (95) days after the end of each fiscal year of the Depositor. The Property Trustee shall obtain all reports, certificate and information, which it is entitled to obtain under each of the Operative Documents. 52 ARTICLE IX. TERMINATION, LIQUIDATION AND MERGER SECTION 9.1. Dissolution Upon Expiration Date. Unless earlier dissolved, the Trust shall automatically dissolve on June 30, 2040 (the "Expiration Date"), and the Trust Property shall be liquidated in accordance with Section 9.4. SECTION 9.2. Early Termination. The first to occur of any of the following events is an "Early Termination Event", upon the occurrence of which the Trust shall be dissolved: (a) the occurrence of a Bankruptcy Event in respect of, or the dissolution or liquidation of, the Depositor, in its capacity as the Holder of the Common Securities, unless the Depositor shall have transferred the Common Securities as provided by Section 5.11, in which case this provision shall refer instead to any such successor Holder of the Common Securities; (b) the written direction to the Property Trustee from the Holder of the Common Securities at any time to dissolve the Trust and, after satisfaction of any liabilities of the Trust as required by applicable law, to distribute the Notes to Holders in exchange for the Preferred Securities (which direction is optional and wholly within the discretion of the Holder of the Common Securities); (c) the redemption of all of the Preferred Securities in connection with the payment at maturity or redemption of all the Notes; and (d) the entry of an order for dissolution of the Trust by a court of competent jurisdiction. SECTION 9.3. Termination. The respective obligations and responsibilities of the Trustees and the Trust shall terminate upon the latest to occur of the following: (a) the distribution by the Property Trustee to Holders of all amounts required to be distributed hereunder upon the liquidation of the Trust pursuant to Section 9.4, or upon the redemption of all of the Trust Securities pursuant to Section 4.2; (b) the satisfaction of any expenses owed by the Trust; and (c) the discharge of all administrative duties of the Administrative Trustees, including the performance of any tax reporting obligations with respect to the Trust or the Holders. SECTION 9.4. Liquidation. (a) If an Early Termination Event specified in Section 9.2(a), (b) or (d) occurs or upon the Expiration Date, the Trust shall be liquidated by the Property Trustee as expeditiously as the Property Trustee shall determine to be possible by distributing, after satisfaction of liabilities to creditors of the Trust as provided by applicable law, to each Holder a Like Amount 53 of Notes, subject to Section 9.4(d). Notice of liquidation shall be given by the Property Trustee not less than thirty (30) nor more than sixty (60) days prior to the Liquidation Date to each Holder of Trust Securities at such Holder's address appearing in the Securities Register. All such notices of liquidation shall: (i) state the Liquidation Date; (ii) state that from and after the Liquidation Date, the Trust Securities will no longer be deemed to be Outstanding and (subject to Section 9.4(d)) any Securities Certificates not surrendered for exchange will be deemed to represent a Like Amount of Notes; and (iii) provide such information with respect to the mechanics by which Holders may exchange Securities Certificates for Notes, or if Section 9.4(d) applies, receive a Liquidation Distribution, as the Property Trustee shall deem appropriate. (b) Except where Section 9.2(c) or 9.4(d) applies, in order to effect the liquidation of the Trust and distribution of the Notes to Holders, the Property Trustee, either itself acting as exchange agent or through the appointment of a separate exchange agent, shall establish a record date for such distribution (which shall not be more than forty five (45) days prior to the Liquidation Date nor prior to the date on which notice of such liquidation is given to the Holders) and establish such procedures as it shall deem appropriate to effect the distribution of Notes in exchange for the Outstanding Securities Certificates. (c) Except where Section 9.2(c) or 9.4(d) applies, after the Liquidation Date, (i) the Trust Securities will no longer be deemed to be Outstanding, (ii) certificates representing a Like Amount of Notes will be issued to Holders of Securities Certificates, upon surrender of such Certificates to the exchange agent for exchange, (iii) the Depositor shall use its best efforts to have the Notes listed on the New York Stock Exchange or on such other exchange, interdealer quotation system or self-regulatory organization on which the Preferred Securities are then listed, if any, (iv) Securities Certificates not so surrendered for exchange will be deemed to represent a Like Amount of Notes bearing accrued and unpaid interest in an amount equal to the accumulated and unpaid Distributions on such Securities Certificates until such certificates are so surrendered (and until such certificates are so surrendered, no payments of interest or principal will be made to Holders of Securities Certificates with respect to such Notes) and (v) all rights of Holders holding Trust Securities will cease, except the right of such Holders to receive Notes upon surrender of Securities Certificates. (d) Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Section 9.4, if distribution of the Notes in the manner provided herein is determined by the Property Trustee not to be permitted or practical, the Trust Property shall be liquidated, and the Trust shall be wound up by the Property Trustee in such manner as the Property Trustee determines. In such event, Holders will be entitled to receive out of the assets of the Trust available for distribution to Holders, after satisfaction of liabilities to creditors of the Trust as provided by applicable law, an amount equal to the Liquidation Amount per Trust Security plus accumulated and unpaid Distributions thereon to the date of payment (such amount being the "Liquidation Distribution"). If, upon any such winding up the Liquidation Distribution can be paid only in part because the Trust has 54 insufficient assets available to pay in full the aggregate Liquidation Distribution, then, subject to the next succeeding sentence, the amounts payable by the Trust on the Trust Securities shall be paid on a pro rata basis (based upon Liquidation Amounts). The Holder of the Common Securities will be entitled to receive Liquidation Distributions upon any such winding up pro rata (based upon Liquidation Amounts) with Holders of all Trust Securities, except that, if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Preferred Securities shall have a priority over the Common Securities as provided in Section 4.3. SECTION 9.5. Mergers, Consolidations, Amalgamations or Replacements of Trust. The Trust may not merge with or into, consolidate, amalgamate, or be replaced by, or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially as an entirety to, any Person except pursuant to this Article IX. At the request of the Holders of the Common Securities, without the consent of the Holders of the Preferred Securities, the Trust may merge with or into, consolidate, amalgamate, or be replaced by or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially as an entirety to a trust organized as such under the laws of any State; provided, that: (a) such successor entity either (i) expressly assumes all of the obligations of the Trust under this Trust Agreement with respect to the Preferred Securities or (ii) substitutes for the Preferred Securities other securities having substantially the same terms as the Preferred Securities (such other Securities, the "Successor Securities") so long as the Successor Securities have the same priority as the Preferred Securities with respect to distributions and payments upon liquidation, redemption and otherwise; (b) a trustee of such successor entity possessing substantially the same powers and duties as the Property Trustee is appointed to hold the Notes; (c) if the Preferred Securities or the Notes are rated, such merger, consolidation, amalgamation, replacement, conveyance, transfer or lease does not cause the Preferred Securities or the Notes (including any Successor Securities) to be downgraded by any nationally recognized statistical rating organization that then assigns a rating to the Preferred Securities or the Notes; (d) the Preferred Securities are listed, or any Successor Securities will be listed upon notice of issuance, on any national securities exchange or interdealer quotation system on which the Preferred Securities are then listed, if any; (e) such merger, consolidation, amalgamation, replacement, conveyance, transfer or lease does not adversely affect the rights, preferences and privileges of the Holders of the Preferred Securities (including any Successor Securities) in any material respect; (f) such successor entity has a purpose substantially identical to that of the Trust; (g) prior to such merger, consolidation, amalgamation, replacement, conveyance, transfer or lease, the Depositor has received an Opinion of Counsel to the 55 effect that (i) such merger, consolidation, amalgamation, replacement, conveyance, transfer or lease does not adversely affect the rights, preferences and privileges of the Holders of the Preferred Securities (including any Successor Securities) in any material respect; (ii) following such merger, consolidation, amalgamation, replacement, conveyance, transfer or lease, neither the Trust nor such successor entity will be required to register as an "investment company" under the Investment Company Act and (iii) following such merger, consolidation, amalgamation, replacement, conveyance, transfer or lease, the Trust (or the successor entity) will continue to be classified as a grantor trust for U.S. federal income tax purposes; and (h) the Depositor or its permitted transferee owns all of the common securities of such successor entity. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trust shall not, except with the consent of Holders of all of the Preferred Securities, consolidate, amalgamate, merge with or into, or be replaced by or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially as an entirety to any other Person or permit any other entity to consolidate, amalgamate, merge with or into, or replace, the Trust if such consolidation, amalgamation, merger, replacement, conveyance, transfer or lease would cause the Trust or the successor entity to be taxable as a corporation or classified as other than a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes or cause the Notes to be treated as other than indebtedness of the Depositor for United States federal income tax purposes. ARTICLE X. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS SECTION 10.1. Limitation of Rights of Holders. Except as set forth in Section 9.2, the death, bankruptcy, termination, dissolution or incapacity of any Person having an interest, beneficial or otherwise, in Trust Securities shall not operate to terminate this Trust Agreement, nor annul, dissolve or terminate the Trust nor entitle the legal representatives or heirs of such Person or any Holder for such Person, to claim an accounting, take any action or bring any proceeding in any court for a partition or winding up of the arrangements contemplated hereby, nor otherwise affect the rights, obligations and liabilities of the parties hereto or any of them. SECTION 10.2. Agreed Tax Treatment of Trust and Trust Securities. The parties hereto and, by its acceptance or acquisition of a Trust Security or a beneficial interest therein, the Holder of, and any Person that acquires a beneficial interest in, such Trust Security intend and agree to treat the Trust as a grantor trust for United States federal, state and local tax purposes, and to treat the Trust Securities (including all payments and proceeds with respect to such Trust Securities) as undivided beneficial ownership interests in the Trust Property (and payments and proceeds therefrom, respectively) for United States federal, state and local tax purposes and to treat the Notes as indebtedness of the Depositor for United States federal, state and local tax purposes. The provisions of this Trust Agreement shall be interpreted to further this intention and agreement of the parties. 56 SECTION 10.3. Amendment. (a) This Trust Agreement may be amended from time to time by the Property Trustee, the Administrative Trustees and the Holder of all the Common Securities, without the consent of any Holder of the Preferred Securities, (i) to cure any ambiguity, correct or supplement any provision herein that may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision herein, or to make or amend any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under this Trust Agreement, which shall not be inconsistent with the other provisions of this Trust Agreement, (ii) to modify, eliminate or add to any provisions of this Trust Agreement to such extent as shall be necessary to ensure that the Trust will neither be taxable as a corporation nor be classified as other than a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes at all times that any Trust Securities are Outstanding or to ensure that the Notes are treated as indebtedness of the Depositor for United States federal income tax purposes, or to ensure that the Trust will not be required to register as an "investment company" under the Investment Company Act or (iii) to add to the covenants, restrictions or obligations of the Depositor; provided, that in the case of clauses (i), (ii) or (iii), such action shall not adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any Holder. (b) Except as provided in Section 10.3(c), any provision of this Trust Agreement may be amended by the Property Trustee, the Administrative Trustees and the Holder of all of the Common Securities and with (i) the consent of Holders of at least a Majority in Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities and (ii) receipt by the Trustees of an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that such amendment or the exercise of any power granted to the Trustees in accordance with such amendment will not cause the Trust to be taxable as a corporation or classified as other than a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes or affect the treatment of the Notes as indebtedness of the Depositor for United States federal income tax purposes or affect the Trust's exemption from status (or from any requirement to register) as an "investment company" under the Investment Company Act. (c) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Trust Agreement, without the consent of each Holder, this Trust Agreement may not be amended to (i) change the accrual rate, amount, currency or timing of any Distribution on or the redemption price of the Trust Securities or otherwise adversely affect the amount of any Distribution or other payment required to be made in respect of the Trust Securities as of a specified date, (ii) restrict or impair the right of a Holder to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after such date, (iii) reduce the percentage of aggregate Liquidation Amount of Outstanding Preferred Securities, the consent of whose Holders is required for any such amendment, or the consent of whose Holders is required for any waiver of compliance with any provision of this Trust Agreement or of defaults hereunder and their consequences provided for in this Trust Agreement; (iv) impair or adversely affect the rights and interests of the Holders in the Trust Property, or permit the creation of any Lien on any portion of the Trust Property; or (v) modify the definition of "Outstanding," this Section 10.3(c), Sections 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 6.10(e) or Article IX. (d) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Trust Agreement, no Trustee shall enter into or consent to any amendment to this Trust Agreement that would cause the Trust to be taxable as a corporation or to be classified as other than a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes or that would cause the Notes to fail or cease to be treated as indebtedness 57 of the Depositor for United States federal income tax purposes or that would cause the Trust to fail or cease to qualify for the exemption from status (or from any requirement to register) as an "investment company" under the Investment Company Act. (e) If any amendment to this Trust Agreement is made, the Administrative Trustees or the Property Trustee shall promptly provide to the Depositor and the Note Trustee a copy of such amendment. (f) No Trustee shall be required to enter into any amendment to this Trust Agreement that affects its own rights, duties or immunities under this Trust Agreement. The Trustees shall be entitled to receive an Opinion of Counsel and an Officers' Certificate stating that any amendment to this Trust Agreement is in compliance with this Trust Agreement and all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such action have been met. (g) No amendment or modification to this Trust Agreement that adversely affects in any material respect the rights, duties, liabilities, indemnities or immunities of the Delaware Trustee hereunder shall be permitted without the prior written consent of the Delaware Trustee. SECTION 10.4. Separability. If any provision in this Trust Agreement or in the Securities Certificates shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby, and there shall be deemed substituted for the provision at issue a valid, legal and enforceable provision as similar as possible to the provision at issue. SECTION 10.5. Governing Law. THIS TRUST AGREEMENT AND THE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF EACH OF THE HOLDERS, THE TRUST, THE DEPOSITOR AND THE TRUSTEES WITH RESPECT TO THIS TRUST AGREEMENT AND THE TRUST SECURITIES SHALL BE CONSTRUED AND ENFORCED IN ACCORDANCE WITH AND GOVERNED BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICTS OF LAWS PROVISIONS. SECTION 10.6. Successors. This Trust Agreement shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of any successor to the Depositor, the Trust and any Trustee, including any successor by operation of law. Except in connection with a transaction involving the Depositor that is permitted under Article VIII of the Indenture and pursuant to which the assignee agrees in writing to perform the Depositor's obligations hereunder, the Depositor shall not assign its obligations hereunder. SECTION 10.7. Headings. The Article and Section headings are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction of this Trust Agreement 58 SECTION 10.8. Reports, Notices and Demands. (a) Any report, notice, demand or other communication that by any provision of this Trust Agreement is required or permitted to be given or served to or upon any Holder or the Depositor may be given or served in writing delivered in person, or by reputable, overnight courier, by telecopy or by deposit thereof, first-class postage prepaid, in the United States mail, addressed, (a) in the case of a Holder of Preferred Securities, to such Holder as such Holder's name and address may appear on the Securities Register; and (b) in the case of the Holder of all the Common Securities or the Depositor, to NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership, 527 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10022, Attention: Richard J. McCready, or to such other address as may be specified in a written notice by the Holder of all the Common Securities or the Depositor, as the case may be, to the Property Trustee. Such report, notice, demand or other communication to or upon a Holder or the Depositor shall be deemed to have been given when received in person, within one (1) Business Day following delivery by overnight courier, when telecopied with receipt confirmed, or within three (3) Business Days following delivery by mail, except that if a notice or other document is refused delivery or cannot be delivered because of a changed address of which no notice was given, such notice or other document shall be deemed to have been delivered on the date of such refusal or inability to deliver. (b) Any notice, demand or other communication that by any provision of this Trust Agreement is required or permitted to be given or served to or upon the Property Trustee, the Delaware Trustee, the Administrative Trustees or the Trust shall be given in writing by deposit thereof, first-class postage prepaid, in the U.S. mail, personal delivery or facsimile transmission, addressed to such Person as follows: (i) with respect to the Property Trustee to JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, 600 Travis, 50th Floor, Houston, Texas 77002, Attention: Institutional Trust Services-- NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II, facsimile no. (713) 216-2101, (ii) with respect to the Delaware Trustee, to Chase Bank USA, National Association, c/o JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, 500 Stanton Christiana Road, Building 4 (3rd Floor), Newark, Delaware 19713, Attention: Institutional Trust Services-- NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II, facsimile no. (302) 552-6280; (iii) with respect to the Administrative Trustees, to them at the address above for notices to the Depositor, marked "Attention: Administrative Trustees of NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II", and (iv) with respect to the Trust, to its principal executive office specified in Section 2.2, with a copy to the Property Trustee. Such notice, demand or other communication to or upon the Trust, the Property Trustee or the Administrative Trustees shall be deemed to have been sufficiently given or made only upon actual receipt of the writing by the Trust, the Property Trustee or the Administrative Trustees. SECTION 10.9. Agreement Not to Petition. Each of the Trustees and the Depositor agree for the benefit of the Holders that, until at least one year and one day after the Trust has been terminated in accordance with Article IX, they shall not file, or join in the filing of, a petition against the Trust under any Bankruptcy Law or otherwise join in the commencement of any proceeding against the Trust under any Bankruptcy Law. If the Depositor takes action in violation of this Section 10.9, the Property Trustee agrees, for the benefit of Holders, that at the expense of the Depositor, it shall file an answer with the applicable bankruptcy court or otherwise properly contest the filing of such petition by the Depositor against the Trust or the commencement of such action and raise the 59 defense that the Depositor has agreed in writing not to take such action and should be estopped and precluded therefrom and such other defenses, if any, as counsel for the Property Trustee or the Trust may assert. SECTION 10.10. Counterparts. This instrument may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which so executed shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument. [REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK] 60 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Amended and Restated Trust Agreement as of the day and year first above written. NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, as Depositor By: NorthStar Realty Finance Corp., as General Partner By: /s/ Mark E. Chertok ---------------------------------- Name: Mark E. Chertok Title: Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, NATIONAL CHASE BANK USA, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, ASSOCIATION, not in its individual as Delaware Trustee capacity but solely as Property Trustee By: /s/ Marie D. Calzado By: /s/ Sarika M. Sheth ----------------------------------- ----------------------------------- Name: Marie D. Calzado Name: Sarika M. Sheth Title: Vice President Title: Trust Officer /s/ David T. Hamamoto --------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- David T. Hamamoto, as Administrative Mark E. Chertok, as Administrative Trustee Trustee /s/ Richard J. McCready, as --------------------------------------- Richard J. McCready, as Administrative Trustee Exhibit A CERTIFICATE OF TRUST OF NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE TRUST II This Certificate of Trust of NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II (the "Trust") is being duly executed and filed on behalf of the Trust by the undersigned, as trustees, to form a statutory trust under the Delaware Statutory Trust Act (12 Del. C. Section3801 et seq.) (the "Act"). 1. Name. The name of the statutory trust formed by this Certificate of Trust is: NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II. 2. Delaware Trustee. The name and business address of the trustee of the Trust with its principal place of business in the State of Delaware are Chase Bank USA, National Association c/o JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, 500 Stanton Christiana Road, Building 4 (3rd Floor), Newark, Delaware 19713, Attention: Institutional Trust Services. 3. Effective Date. This Certificate of Trust shall be effective upon its filing with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have duly executed this Certificate of Trust in accordance with Section 3811(a)(1) of the Act. CHASE BANK USA, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, not in its individual capacity, but solely as Delaware Trustee By: ---------------------------------------- Name: Title: A-1 Exhibit B [FORM OF COMMON SECURITIES CERTIFICATE] THIS COMMON SECURITY HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR ANY STATE SECURITIES LAWS OR ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD, PLEDGED OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION. THIS CERTIFICATE IS NOT TRANSFERABLE EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE LAW AND SECTION 5.11 OF THE TRUST AGREEMENT CERTIFICATE NUMBER NUMBER OF COMMON SECURITIES C-1 780 CERTIFICATE EVIDENCING COMMON SECURITIES OF NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE TRUST II FLOATING RATE COMMON SECURITIES (LIQUIDATION AMOUNT $1,000 PER COMMON SECURITY) NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II, a statutory trust created under the laws of the State of Delaware (the "Trust"), hereby certifies that NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership, a Delaware limited partnership (the "Holder") is the registered owner of Seven Hundred Eighty (780) common securities of the Trust representing undivided common beneficial interests in the assets of the Trust and designated the NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II Floating Rate Common Securities (liquidation amount $1,000 per Common Security) (the "Common Securities"). Except in accordance with Section 5.11 of the Trust Agreement (as defined below), the Common Securities are not transferable and, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any attempted transfer hereof other than in accordance therewith shall be void. The designations, rights, privileges, restrictions, preferences and other terms and provisions of the Common Securities are set forth in, and this certificate and the Common Securities represented hereby are issued and shall in all respects be subject to the terms and provisions of, the Amended and Restated Trust Agreement of the Trust, dated as of May 25, 2005 as the same may be amended from time to time (the "Trust Agreement"), among NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership, as Depositor, JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as Property Trustee, Chase Bank USA, National Association, as Delaware Trustee, the Administrative Trustees named therein and the Holders, from time to time, of Trust Securities. The Trust will furnish a copy of the Trust Agreement to the Holder without charge upon written request to the Trust at its principal place of business or registered office. B-1Upon receipt of this certificate, the Holder is bound by the Trust Agreement and is entitled to the benefits thereunder. This Common Securities Certificate shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware. Terms used but not defined herein have the meanings set forth in the Trust Agreement. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, one of the Administrative Trustees of the Trust has executed on behalf of the Trust this certificate this __ day of _______________, 200__. NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE TRUST II By: ---------------------------------- _____________, as Administrative Trustee B-2 Exhibit C [FORM OF PREFERRED SECURITIES CERTIFICATE] "[IF THIS SECURITY IS A GLOBAL SECURITY INSERT: THIS PREFERRED SECURITY IS A GLOBAL SECURITY WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE TRUST AGREEMENT HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY ("DTC") OR A NOMINEE OF DTC. THIS PREFERRED SECURITY IS EXCHANGEABLE FOR PREFERRED SECURITIES REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF A PERSON OTHER THAN DTC OR ITS NOMINEE ONLY IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN THE TRUST AGREEMENT, AND NO TRANSFER OF THIS PREFERRED SECURITY (OTHER THAN A TRANSFER OF THIS PREFERRED SECURITY AS A WHOLE BY DTC TO A NOMINEE OF DTC OR BY A NOMINEE OF DTC TO DTC OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF DTC) MAY BE REGISTERED EXCEPT IN LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES. UNLESS THIS PREFERRED SECURITY IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC TO NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE TRUST II OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY PREFERRED SECURITY ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT HEREON IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN. THE PREFERRED SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE WERE ORIGINALLY ISSUED IN A TRANSACTION EXEMPT FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE "SECURITIES ACT"), AND SUCH PREFERRED SECURITIES OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED IN THE ABSENCE OF SUCH REGISTRATION OR AN APPLICABLE EXEMPTION THEREFROM. EACH PURCHASER OF ANY PREFERRED SECURITIES IS HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT THE SELLER OF THE PREFERRED SECURITIES MAY BE RELYING ON THE EXEMPTION FROM THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 5 OF THE SECURITIES ACT PROVIDED BY RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT. THE HOLDER OF THE PREFERRED SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE AGREES FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE TRUST AND THE DEPOSITOR THAT (A) SUCH PREFERRED SECURITIES MAY BE OFFERED, RESOLD OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED ONLY (I) TO THE TRUST, (II) TO A PERSON WHOM THE SELLER REASONABLY BELIEVES IS A "QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER" (AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT) IN A TRANSACTION MEETING THE REQUIREMENTS OF RULE 144A, (III) TO AN INSTITUTIONAL "ACCREDITED INVESTOR" WITHIN THE MEANING OF SUBPARAGRAPH (a) (1), (2), (3) OR (7) OF RULE 501 UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT THAT IS ACQUIRING THE SECURITY FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT, OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OF AN "ACCREDITED INVESTOR," FOR INVESTMENT PURPOSES AND NOT WITH A VIEW TO, OR FOR C-1 OFFER OR SALE IN CONNECTION WITH, ANY DISTRIBUTION IN VIOLATION OF THE SECURITIES ACT, (IV) PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR (V) PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM THE SECURITIES ACT, IN EACH CASE IN ACCORDANCE WITH ANY APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OF THE UNITED STATES OR ANY OTHER APPLICABLE JURISDICTION AND, IN THE CASE OF (III) OR (V), SUBJECT TO THE RIGHT OF THE TRUST AND THE DEPOSITOR TO REQUIRE AN OPINION OF COUNSEL AND OTHER INFORMATION SATISFACTORY TO EACH OF THEM AND (B) THE HOLDER WILL NOTIFY ANY PURCHASER OF ANY PREFERRED SECURITIES FROM IT OF THE RESALE RESTRICTIONS REFERRED TO IN (A) ABOVE. THE PREFERRED SECURITIES WILL BE ISSUED AND MAY BE TRANSFERRED ONLY IN BLOCKS HAVING AN AGGREGATE LIQUIDATION AMOUNT OF NOT LESS THAN $100,000. TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ANY ATTEMPTED TRANSFER OF PREFERRED SECURITIES, OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN, IN A BLOCK HAVING AN AGGREGATE LIQUIDATION AMOUNT OF LESS THAN $100,000 AND MULTIPLES OF $1,000 IN EXCESS THEREOF SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE VOID AND OF NO LEGAL EFFECT WHATSOEVER. TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ANY SUCH PURPORTED TRANSFEREE SHALL BE DEEMED NOT TO BE THE HOLDER OF SUCH PREFERRED SECURITIES FOR ANY PURPOSE, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE RECEIPT OF PRINCIPAL OF OR INTEREST ON SUCH PREFERRED SECURITIES, OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN, AND SUCH PURPORTED TRANSFEREE SHALL BE DEEMED TO HAVE NO INTEREST WHATSOEVER IN SUCH PREFERRED SECURITIES. THE HOLDER OF THIS SECURITY, OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN, BY ITS ACCEPTANCE HEREOF OR THEREOF ALSO AGREES, REPRESENTS AND WARRANTS THAT IT IS NOT AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT, INDIVIDUAL RETIREMENT ACCOUNT OR OTHER PLAN OR ARRANGEMENT SUBJECT TO TITLE I OF THE EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY ACT OF 1974, AS AMENDED ("ERISA"), OR SECTION 4975 OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED (THE "CODE") (EACH A "PLAN"), OR AN ENTITY WHOSE UNDERLYING ASSETS INCLUDE "PLAN ASSETS" BY REASON OF ANY PLAN'S INVESTMENT IN THE ENTITY, AND NO PERSON INVESTING "PLAN ASSETS" OF ANY PLAN MAY ACQUIRE OR HOLD THIS PREFERRED SECURITY OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN. ANY PURCHASER OR HOLDER OF THE PREFERRED SECURITIES OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN WILL BE DEEMED TO HAVE REPRESENTED BY ITS PURCHASE AND HOLDING THEREOF THAT IT IS NOT AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN WITHIN THE MEANING OF SECTION 3(3) OF ERISA, OR A PLAN TO WHICH SECTION 4975 OF THE CODE IS APPLICABLE, A TRUSTEE OR OTHER PERSON ACTING ON BEHALF OF AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN OR PLAN, OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY USING THE ASSETS OF ANY EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN OR PLAN TO FINANCE SUCH PURCHASE. THIS OBLIGATION IS NOT A DEPOSIT AND IS NOT INSURED BY THE UNITED STATES OR ANY AGENCY OR FUND OF THE UNITED STATES, INCLUDING THE FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION (THE "FDIC"). C-2 CERTIFICATE EVIDENCING PREFERRED SECURITIES OF NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE TRUST II FLOATING RATE PREFERRED SECURITIES (LIQUIDATION AMOUNT $1,000 PER PREFERRED SECURITY) NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II, a statutory trust created under the laws of the State of Delaware (the "Trust"), hereby certifies that _____________, a _________ (the "Holder") is the registered owner of [___________ (______)] Preferred Securities [if the Preferred Security is a Global Security, then insert - or such other number of Preferred Securities represented hereby as may be set forth in the records of the Securities Registrar hereinafter referred to in accordance with the Trust Agreement (as defined below)] of the Trust representing an undivided preferred beneficial interest in the assets of the Trust and designated the NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II Floating Rate Preferred Securities, (liquidation amount $1,000 per Preferred Security) (the "Preferred Securities"). Subject to the terms of the Trust Agreement (as defined below), the Preferred Securities are transferable on the books and records of the Trust, in person or by a duly authorized attorney, upon surrender of this certificate duly endorsed and in proper form for transfer as provided in Section 5.7 of the Trust Agreement (as defined below). The designations, rights, privileges, restrictions, preferences and other terms and provisions of the Preferred Securities are set forth in, and this certificate and the Preferred Securities represented hereby are issued and shall in all respects be subject to the terms and provisions of, the Amended and Restated Trust Agreement of the Trust, dated as of May 25, 2005, as the same may be amended from time to time (the "Trust Agreement"), among NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership, as Depositor, JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as Property Trustee, Chase Bank USA, National Association, as Delaware Trustee, the Administrative Trustees named therein and the Holders, from time to time, of Trust Securities. The Trust will furnish a copy of the Trust Agreement to the Holder without charge upon written request to the Property Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office. Upon receipt of this certificate, the Holder is bound by the Trust Agreement and is entitled to the benefits thereunder. C-3CERTIFICATE NUMBER AGGREGATE LIQUIDATION AMOUNT PREFERRED SECURITIES P-______ $____________________ ---------- This Preferred Securities Certificate shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware. All capitalized terms used but not defined in this Preferred Securities Certificate are used with the meanings specified in the Trust Agreement, including the Schedules and Exhibits thereto. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, one of the Administrative Trustees of the Trust has executed on behalf of the Trust this certificate this __ day of __________, 2005. NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE TRUST II By: -------------------------------------- Name: Administrative Trustee This is one of the Preferred Securities referred to in the within-mentioned Trust Agreement. Dated: JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, not in its individual capacity, but solely as Property Trustee By: -------------------------------------- Authorized signatory C-4 [FORM OF REVERSE OF SECURITY] The Trust promises to pay Distributions from May 25, 2005, or from the most recent Distribution Date to which Distributions have been paid or duly provided for, quarterly (subject to deferral as set forth herein) in arrears on March 30, June 30, September 30 and December 30 of each year, commencing on September 30, 2005, at a fixed rate equal to 7.74% per annum through the interest payment date in June 2015 and thereafter at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.25% per annum of the Liquidation Amount of the Preferred Securities represented by this Preferred Securities Certificate, together with any Additional Interest Amounts, in respect to such period. Distributions on the Trust Securities shall be made by the Paying Agent from the Payment Account and shall be payable on each Distribution Date only to the extent that the Trust has funds then on hand and available in the Payment Account for the payment of such Distributions. In the event (and to the extent) that the Depositor exercises its right under the Indenture to defer the payment of interest on the Notes, Distributions on the Preferred Securities shall be deferred. Under the Indenture, so long as no Note Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, after October 12, 2006, the Depositor shall have the right, at any time and from time to time during the term of the Notes, to defer the payment of interest on the Notes for a period of up to six (6) consecutive quarterly interest payment periods (such right to defer, the "Extension Right" and each such extended interest payment period, an "Extension Period"), during which Extension Period(s), no interest shall be due and payable (except any Additional Tax Sums that may be due and payable); provided, that, the Depositor shall not be entitled to exercise its Extension Right so that it would be able to defer the payment of interest on the Notes for more than six (6) quarterly interest payment periods; provided, further, that, after the expiration of any Extension Period, the Depositor may not exercise its Extension Right to begin any subsequent Extension Period until it pays all interest then accrued and unpaid on the Notes, together with such Additional Interest prior to beginning such subsequent Extension Period. No interest on the Notes shall be due and payable during an Extension Period, except at the end thereof, but each installment of interest that would otherwise have been due and payable during such Extension Period shall bear Additional Interest (to the extent payment of such interest would be legally enforceable) at a fixed rate equal to 7.74% per annum through the interest payment date in June 2015 and thereafter at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.25% per annum compounded quarterly, from the dates on which amounts would have otherwise been due and payable until paid or until funds for the payment thereof have been made available for payment. If Distributions are deferred, the deferred Distributions (including Additional Interest Amounts) shall be paid on the date that the related Extension Period terminates to Holders (as defined in the Trust Agreement) of the Trust Securities as they appear on the books and records of the Trust on the record date immediately preceding such termination date. Distributions on the Securities must be paid on the dates payable (after giving effect to any Extension Period) to the extent that the Trust has funds available for the payment of such Distributions in the Payment Account of the Trust. The Trust's funds available for Distribution C-5 to the Holders of the Preferred Securities will be limited to payments received from the Depositor. During any Extension Period or Event of Default, the Depositor shall not (i) declare or pay any dividends or distributions on, or redeem, purchase, acquire or make a liquidation payment with respect to, any of the Depositor's capital stock or (ii) make any payment of principal of or any interest or premium, if any, on or repay, repurchase or redeem any debt securities of the Depositor that rank pari passu in all respects with or junior in interest to the Notes (other than (a) repurchases, redemptions or other acquisitions of shares of capital stock of the Depositor in connection with (1) any employment contract, benefit plan or other similar arrangement with or for the benefit of any one or more employees, officers, directors or consultants, (2) a dividend reinvestment or stockholder stock purchase plan or (3) the issuance of capital stock of the Depositor (or securities convertible into or exercisable for such capital stock) as consideration in an acquisition transaction entered into prior to the applicable Extension Period or Event of Default, (b) as a result of an exchange or conversion of any class or series of the Depositor's capital stock (or any capital stock of a Subsidiary (as defined in the Indenture) of the Depositor) for any class or series of the Depositor's capital stock or of any class or series of the Depositor's indebtedness for any class or series of the Depositor's capital stock, (c) the purchase of fractional interests in shares of the Depositor's capital stock pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of such capital stock or the security being converted or exchanged, (d) any declaration of a dividend in connection with any Rights Plan (as defined in the Indenture), the issuance of rights, stock or other property under any Rights Plan, or the redemption or repurchase of rights pursuant thereto or (e) any dividend in the form of stock, warrants, options or other rights where the dividend stock or the stock issuable upon exercise of such warrants, options or other rights is the same stock as that on which the dividend is being paid or ranks pari passu with or junior to such stock). On each Note Redemption Date, on the stated maturity (or any date of principal repayment upon early maturity) of the Notes and on each other date on (or in respect of) which any principal on the Notes is repaid, the Trust will be required to redeem a Like Amount of Trust Securities at the Redemption Price. Under the Indenture, the Notes may be redeemed by the Depositor on any Interest Payment Date, at the Depositor's option, on or after June 30, 2010 in whole or in part from time to time at the Optional Note Redemption Price of the principal amount thereof or the redeemed portion thereof, as applicable, together, in the case of any such redemption, with accrued interest, including any Additional Interest, to but excluding the date fixed for redemption. The Notes may also be redeemed by the Depositor, at its option, at any time, in whole but not in part, upon the occurrence of an Investment Company Event or a Tax Event at the Special Note Redemption Price; provided, that such Investment Company Event or a Tax Event is continuing on the Redemption Date. The Trust Securities redeemed on each Redemption Date shall be redeemed at the Redemption Price with the proceeds from the contemporaneous redemption or payment at maturity of Notes. Redemptions of the Trust Securities (or portion thereof) shall be made and the Redemption Price shall be payable on each Redemption Date only to the extent that the Trust has funds then on hand and available in the Payment Account for the payment of such Redemption Price. C-6 Payments of Distributions (including any Additional Interest Amounts), the Redemption Price, Liquidation Amount or any other amounts in respect of the Preferred Securities shall be made by wire transfer at such place and to such account at a banking institution in the United States as may be designated in writing at least ten (10) Business Days prior to the date for payment by the Person entitled thereto unless proper written transfer instructions have not been received by the relevant record date, in which case such payments shall be made by check mailed to the address of such Person as such address shall appear in the Security Register. If any Preferred Securities are held by a Depositary, such Distributions shall be made to the Depositary in immediately available funds. The indebtedness evidenced by the Notes is, to the extent provided in the Indenture, subordinate and junior in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all Senior Debt (as defined in the Indenture), and this Security is issued subject to the provisions of the Indenture with respect thereto. C-7 ASSIGNMENT FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned assigns and transfers this Preferred Securities Certificate to: (Insert assignee's social security or tax identification number) (Insert address and zip code of assignee) and irrevocably appoints agent to transfer this Preferred Securities Certificate on the books of the Trust. The agent may substitute another to act for him or her. Date: _______________________ Signature: --------------------------------------------------------------------- (Sign exactly as your name appears on the other side of this Preferred Securities Certificate) The signature(s) should be guaranteed by an eligible guarantor institution (banks, stockbrokers, savings and loan associations and credit unions with membership in an approved signature guarantee medallion program), pursuant to S.E.C. Rule 17Ad-15. C-8 Exhibit D JUNIOR SUBORDINATED INDENTURE See tab#4 D-1 Exhibit E FORM OF TRANSFEREE CERTIFICATE TO BE EXECUTED BY TRANSFEREES __________, [__] JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association 600 Travis, 50th Floor Houston, Texas 77002 Attention: Institutional Trust Services NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II 527 Madison Avenue New York, NY 10022 Re: Purchase of $____________ stated liquidation amount of Floating Rate Preferred Securities (the "Preferred Securities") of NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II Ladies and Gentlemen: In connection with our purchase of the Preferred Securities we confirm that: 1. We understand that the Floating Rate Preferred Securities (the "Preferred Securities") of NorthStar Realty Finance Trust II (the "Trust") and the Floating Rate Junior Subordinated Notes due 2035 (the "Subordinated Notes") of NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership (the "Company") (the entire amount of the Trust's outstanding Preferred Securities and the Subordinated Notes together being referred to herein as the "Offered Securities"), have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and may not be offered or sold except as permitted in the following sentence. We agree on our own behalf and on behalf of any investor account for which we are purchasing the Offered Securities that, if we decide to offer, sell or otherwise transfer any such Offered Securities, (i) such offer, sale or transfer will be made only (a) to the Trust, (b) to a person we reasonably believe is a "qualified purchaser" (a "QP") (as defined in Section 2(a)(51) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended). We understand that the certificates for any Offered Security that we receive will bear a legend substantially to the effect of the foregoing. 2. We are a "qualified purchaser" within the meaning of Section 2(a)(51) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and are purchasing for our own account or for the account of such a "qualified purchaser," and we have such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of our investment in the Offered Securities, and we and any account for which we are acting are each able to bear the economic risks of our or its investment. 3. We are acquiring the Offered Securities purchased by us for our own account (or for one or more accounts as to each of which we exercise sole investment discretion and have authority to make, and do make, the statements contained in this letter) and not with a E-1 view to any distribution of the Offered Securities, subject, nevertheless, to the understanding that the disposition of our property will at all times be and remain within our control. 4. In the event that we purchase any Preferred Securities or any Subordinated Notes, we will acquire such Preferred Securities having an aggregate stated liquidation amount of not less than $100,000 or such Subordinated Notes having an aggregate principal amount not less than $100,000, for our own account and for each separate account for which we are acting. 5. We acknowledge that we are not a fiduciary of (i) an employee benefit, individual retirement account or other plan or arrangement subject to Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"), or Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code") (each a "Plan"); or (ii) an entity whose underlying assets include "plan assets" by reason of any Plan's investment in the entity, and are not purchasing any of the Offered Securities on behalf of or with "plan assets" by reason of any Plan's investment in the entity. 6. We acknowledge that the Trust and the Company and others will rely upon the truth and accuracy of the foregoing acknowledgments, representations, warranties and agreements and agree that if any of the acknowledgments, representations, warranties and agreements deemed to have been made by our purchase of any of the Offered Securities are no longer accurate, we shall promptly notify the Company. If we are acquiring any Offered Securities as a fiduciary or agent for one or more investor accounts, we represent that we have sole discretion with respect to each such investor account and that we have full power to make the foregoing acknowledgments, representations and agreement on behalf of each such investor account. (Name of Purchaser) By: -------------------------------------- Date: ------------------------------------ Upon transfer, the Preferred Securities (having a stated liquidation amount of $_____________) would be registered in the name of the new beneficial owner as follows. Name: Address: _____________________________ Taxpayer ID Number: __________________ E-2 Exhibit F OFFICER'S FINANCIAL CERTIFICATE The undersigned, the [Chairman/Vice Chairman/Chief Executive Officer/President/Vice President/Chief Financial Officer/Treasurer/Assistant Treasurer], hereby certifies pursuant to Section 8.16(b) of the Amended and Restated Trust Agreement, dated as of May 25, 2005 (the "Trust Agreement"), among NorthStar Realty Finance Limited Partnership, JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, as property trustee, Chase Bank USA, National Association, as Delaware trustee, and the administrative trustees named therein, that, as of [date], [20__], NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. (the "Company") had the following consolidated ratios and balances and, if applicable, its unconsolidated subsidiaries had the following ratios and balances: As of [Quarterly/Annual Financial Date], 20__ <TABLE> The Company and Consolidated The Company and Subsidiaries & Consolidated Unconsolidated Subsidiaries Subsidiaries --------------- --------------- Senior secured indebtedness for borrowed money ("Debt") $_____ $_____ Senior unsecured Debt $_____ $_____ Subordinated Debt $_____ $_____ Total Debt $_____ $_____ Ratio of (x) senior secured and unsecured Debt to (y) total Debt _____% _____% </TABLE> [FOR FISCAL YEAR END: Attached hereto are the audited consolidated financial statements (including the balance sheet, income statement and statement of cash flows, and notes thereto, together with the report of the independent accountants thereon) of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries for the three years ended [date], 20___].] [FOR FISCAL QUARTER END: Attached hereto are the unaudited consolidated financial statements (including the balance sheet and income statement) of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries for the fiscal quarter ended [date], 20__.] The financial statements fairly present in all material respects, in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"), the financial position of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries, and the results of operations and changes in financial condition as of the date, and for the [QUARTER] [ANNUAL] period ended [DATE], 20__, and such financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP consistently applied throughout the period involved (expect as otherwise noted therein). F-1IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this Officer's Financial Certificate as of this _____ day of _____________, 20__. NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE CORP. By: -------------------------------------- Name: Title: F-2 Schedule A DETERMINATION OF LIBOR With respect to the Trust Securities, the London interbank offered rate ("LIBOR") shall be determined by the Calculation Agent in accordance with the following provisions (in each case rounded to the nearest .000001%): (1) On the second LIBOR Business Day (as defined below) prior to a Distribution Date (except with respect to the first interest payment period, such date shall be May 23, 2005) (each such day, a "LIBOR Determination Date"), LIBOR for any given security shall for the following interest payment period equal the rate, as obtained by the Calculation Agent from Bloomberg Financial Markets Commodities News, for three-month Eurodollar deposits that appears on Dow Jones Telerate Page 3750 (as defined in the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. 2000 Interest Rate and Currency Exchange Definitions), or such other page as may replace such Page 3750, as of 11:00 a.m. (London time) on such LIBOR Determination Date. (2) If, on any LIBOR Determination Date, such rate does not appear on Dow Jones Telerate Page 3750 or such other page as may replace such Page 3750, the Calculation Agent shall determine the arithmetic mean of the offered quotations of the Reference Banks (as defined below) to leading banks in the London interbank market for three-month Eurodollar deposits in an amount determined by the Calculation Agent by reference to requests for quotations as of approximately 11:00 a.m. (London time) on the LIBOR Determination Date made by the Calculation Agent to the Reference Banks. If, on any LIBOR Determination Date, at least two of the Reference Banks provide such quotations, LIBOR shall equal such arithmetic mean of such quotations. If, on any LIBOR Determination Date, only one or none of the Reference Banks provide such quotations, LIBOR shall be deemed to be the arithmetic mean of the offered quotations that leading banks in the City of New York selected by the Calculation Agent are quoting on the relevant LIBOR Determination Date for three-month Eurodollar deposits in an amount determined by the Calculation Agent by reference to the principal London offices of leading banks in the London interbank market; provided, that if the Calculation Agent is required but is unable to determine a rate in accordance with at least one of the procedures provided above, LIBOR shall be LIBOR as determined on the previous LIBOR Determination Date. (3) As used herein: "Reference Banks" means four major banks in the London interbank market selected by the Calculation Agent; and "LIBOR Business Day" means a day on which commercial banks are open for business (including dealings in foreign exchange and foreign currency deposits) in London.
[THE BOND MARKET ASSOCIATION LOGO] ----------------- EXECUTION VERSION ----------------- MASTER REPURCHASE AGREEMENT SEPTEMBER 1996 VERSION Dated as of July 13, 2005 Among: WACHOVIA BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Buyer NRFC WA HOLDINGS, LLC, as Seller and NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE CORP., as Guarantor 1. APPLICABILITY From time to time the parties hereto may enter into transactions in which one party ("Seller") agrees to transfer to the other ("Buyer") securities or other assets ("Securities") against the transfer of funds by Buyer, with a simultaneous agreement by Buyer to transfer to Seller such Securities at a date certain or on demand, against the transfer of funds by Seller. Each such transaction shall be referred to herein as a "Transaction" and, unless otherwise agreed in writing, shall be governed by this Agreement, including any supplemental terms or conditions contained in Annex I and Annex II hereto and in any other annexes identified herein or therein as applicable hereunder. 2. DEFINITIONS (a) "Act of Insolvency", with respect to any party, (i) the commencement by such party as debtor of any case or proceeding under any bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, liquidation, moratorium, dissolution, delinquency or similar law, or such party seeking the appointment or election of a receiver, conservator, trustee, custodian or similar official for such party or any substantial part of its property, or the convening of any meeting of creditors for purposes of commencing any such case or proceeding or seeking such an appointment or election, (ii) the commencement of any such case or proceeding against such party, or another seeking such an appointment or election, or the filing against a party of an application for a protective decree under the provisions of the Securities Investor Protection Act of 1970, which (A) is consented to or not timely contested by such party, (B) results in the entry of an order for relief, such an appointment or election, the issuance of such a protective decree or the entry of an order having a similar effect, or (C) is not dismissed within 15 days, (iii) the making by such party of a general assignment for the benefit of creditors, or (iv) the admission in writing by such party of such party's inability to pay such party's debts as they become due; (b) "Additional Purchased Securities", Securities provided by Seller to Buyer pursuant to Paragraph 4(a) hereof; (c) "Buyer's Margin Amount", with respect to any Transaction as of any date, the amount obtained by application of the Buyer's Margin Percentage to the Repurchase Price for such Transaction as of such date; (d) "Buyer's Margin Percentage", with respect to any Transaction as of any date, a percentage (which may be equal to the Seller's Margin Percentage) agreed to by Buyer and Seller or, in the absence of any such agreement, the percentage obtained by dividing the Market Value of the Purchased Securities on the Purchase Date by the Purchase Price on the Purchase Date for such Transaction; (e) "Confirmation", the meaning specified in Paragraph 3(b) hereof; (f) "Income", with respect to any Security at any time, any principal thereof and all interest, dividends or other distributions thereon; (g) "Margin Deficit", the meaning specified in Paragraph 4(a) hereof; (h) "Margin Excess", the meaning specified in Paragraph 4(b) hereof; (i) "Margin Notice Deadline", the time agreed to by the parties in the relevant Confirmation, Annex I hereto or otherwise as the deadline for giving notice requiring same-day satisfaction of margin maintenance obligations as provided in Paragraph 4 hereof (or, in the absence of any such agreement, the deadline for such purposes established in accordance with market price); (j) "Market Value", with respect to any Securities as of any date, the price for such Securities on such date obtained from a generally recognized source agreed to by the parties or the most recent closing bid quotation from such a source, plus accrued Income to the extent not included therein (other than any Income credited or transferred to, or applied to the obligations of, Seller pursuant to Paragraph 5 hereof) as of such date (unless contrary to market practice for such Securities); (k) "Price Differential", with respect to any Transaction as of any date, the aggregate amount obtained by daily application of the Pricing Rate for such Transaction to the Purchase Price for such Transaction on a 360 day-per-year basis for the actual number of days during the period commencing on (and including) the Purchase Date for such Transaction and ending on (but excluding) the date of determination (reduced by any amount of such Price Differential previously paid by Seller to Buyer with respect to such Transaction); (l) "Pricing Rate", the per annum percentage rate for determination of the Price Differential; 2 (m) "Prime Rate", the prime rate of U.S. money center commercial banks as published in The Wall Street Journal (or, if more than one such rate is published; the average of such rates); (n) "Purchase Date", the date on which Purchased Securities are transferred by Seller to Buyer; (o) "Purchase Price", (i) on the Purchase Date, the price at which Purchased Securities are transferred by Seller to Buyer, and (ii) thereafter, except where Buyer and Seller agree otherwise, such price increased by the amount of any cash transferred by Buyer to Seller pursuant to Paragraph 4(b) hereof and decreased by the amount of any cash transferred by Seller to Buyer pursuant to Paragraph 4(a) hereof or applied to reduce Seller's obligations under clause (ii) of Paragraph 5 hereof; (p) "Purchased Securities", the Securities transferred by Seller to Buyer in a Transaction hereunder, and any Securities substituted therefor in accordance with Paragraph 9 hereof. The term "Purchased Securities" with respect to any Transaction at any time also shall include Additional Purchased Securities delivered pursuant to Paragraph 4(a) hereof and shall exclude Securities returned pursuant to Paragraph 4(b) hereof; (q) "Repurchase Date", the date on which Seller is to repurchase the Purchased Securities from Buyer, including any date determined by application of the provisions of Paragraphs 3(c) or 11 hereof; (r) "Repurchase Price", the price at which Purchased Securities are to be transferred from Buyer to Seller upon termination of a Transaction, which will be determined in each case (including Transactions terminable upon demand) as the sum of the Purchase Price and the Price Differential as of the date of such determination. (s) "Seller's Margin Amount", with respect to any Transaction as of any date, the amount obtained by application of the Seller's Margin Percentage to the Repurchase Price for such Transaction as of such date; (t) "Seller's Margin Percentage", with respect to any Transaction as of any date, a percentage (which may be equal to the Buyer's Margin Percentage) agreed to by Buyer and Seller or, in the absence of any such agreement, the percentage obtained by dividing the Market Value of the Purchased Securities on the Purchase Date by the Purchase Price on the Purchase Date for such Transaction. 3. INITIATION; CONFIRMATION; TERMINATION (a) An agreement to enter into a Transaction may be made orally or in writing at the initiation of either Buyer or Seller. On the Purchase Date for the Transaction, the Purchased Securities shall be transferred to Buyer or its agent against the transfer of the Purchase Price to an account of Seller. (b) Upon agreeing to enter into a Transaction hereunder, Buyer or Seller (or both), as shall be agreed, shall promptly deliver to the other party a written confirmation of each Transaction (a "Confirmation"). The Confirmation shall describe the Purchased Securities (including CUSIP number, if any), identify Buyer and Seller and set forth (i) the Purchase Date, (ii) the Purchase Price, (iii) the Repurchase Date, unless the Transaction is to be terminable on demand, (iv) the Pricing Rate or Repurchase Price applicable to the Transaction, and (v) any additional terms or conditions of the Transaction not inconsistent with this Agreement. The Confirmation, together with this Agreement, shall constitute conclusive evidence of the terms agreed between Buyer and Seller with respect to the Transaction to which the Confirmation relates, unless with respect to the 3 Confirmation specific objection is made promptly after receipt thereof. In the event of any conflict between the terms of such Confirmation and this Agreement, this Agreement shall prevail. (c) In the case of Transactions terminable upon demand, such demand shall be made by Buyer or Seller, no later than such time as is customary in accordance with market practice, by telephone or otherwise on or prior to the business day on which such termination will be effective. On the date specified in such demand, or on the date fixed for termination in the case of Transactions having a fixed term, termination of the Transaction will be effected by transfer to Seller or its agent of the Purchased Securities and any Income in respect thereof received by Buyer (and not previously credited or transferred to, or applied to the obligations of, Seller pursuant to Paragraph 5 hereof) against the transfer of the Repurchase Price to an account of Buyer. 4. MARGIN MAINTENANCE (a) If at any time the aggregate Market Value of all Purchased Securities subject to all Transactions in which a particular party hereto is acting as Buyer is less than the aggregate Buyer's Margin Amount for all such Transactions (a "Margin Deficit"), then Buyer may by notice to Seller require Seller in such Transactions, at Seller's option, to transfer to Buyer cash or additional Securities reasonably acceptable to Buyer ("Additional Purchased Securities"), so that the cash and aggregate Market Value of the Purchased Securities, including any such Additional Purchased Securities, will thereupon equal or exceed such aggregate Buyer's Margin Amount (decreased by the amount of any Margin Deficit as of such date arising from any Transactions in which such Buyer is acting as Seller). (b) If at any time the aggregate Market Value of all Purchased Securities subject to all Transactions in which a particular party hereto is acting as Seller exceeds the aggregate Seller's Margin Amount for all such Transactions at such time (a "Margin Excess"), then Seller may by notice to Buyer require Buyer in such Transactions, at Buyer's option, to transfer cash or Purchased Securities to Seller, so that the aggregate Market Value of the Purchased Securities, after deduction of any such cash or any Purchased Securities so transferred, will thereupon not exceed such aggregate Seller's Margin Amount (increased by the amount of any Margin Excess as of such date arising from any Transactions in which the Seller is acting as Buyer). (c) If any notice is given by the Buyer or Seller under subparagraph (a) or (b) of this paragraph at or before the Margin Notice Deadline on any business day, the party receiving such notice shall transfer cash or Additional Purchased Securities as provided in such subparagraph no later than the close of business in the relevant market on such day. If any such notice is given after the Margin Notice Deadline, the party receiving such notice shall transfer such cash or Securities no later than the close of business in the relevant market on the next business day following such notice. (d) Any cash transferred pursuant to this Paragraph shall be attributed to such Transactions as shall be agreed upon by Buyer and Seller. (e) Seller and Buyer may agree, with respect to any or all Transactions hereunder, that the respective rights of Buyer or Seller (or both) under subparagraphs (a) and (b) of this Paragraph may be exercised only where a Margin Deficit or Margin Excess, as the case may be, exceeds a specified dollar amount or a specified percentage of the Repurchase Prices for such Transactions (which amount or percentage shall be agreed to by Buyer and Seller prior to entering into any such Transactions). 4 (f) Seller and Buyer may agree, with respect to any or all Transactions hereunder, that the respective rights of Buyer and Seller under subparagraphs (a) and (b) of this Paragraph to require the elimination of a Margin Deficit or a Margin Excess, as the case may be, may be exercised whenever such a Margin Deficit or Margin Excess exists with respect to any single Transaction hereunder (calculated without regard to any other Transaction outstanding under this Agreement). 5. INCOME PAYMENTS Seller shall be entitled to receive an amount equal to all Income paid or distributed on or in respect of the Securities that is not otherwise received by Seller, to the full extent it would be so entitled if the Securities had not been sold to Buyer. Buyer shall, as the parties may agree with respect to any Transaction (or, in the absence of any such agreement, as Buyer shall reasonably determine in its discretion), on the date such Income is paid or distributed either (i) transfer to or credit to the account of Seller such Income with respect to any Purchased Securities subject to such Transaction or (ii) with respect to Income paid in cash, apply the Income payment or payments to reduce the amount, if any, to be transferred to Buyer by Seller upon termination of such Transaction. Buyer shall not be obligated to take any action pursuant to the preceding sentence (A) to the extent that such action would result in the creation of a Margin Deficit, unless prior thereto or simultaneously therewith Seller transfers to Buyer cash or Additional Purchased Securities sufficient to eliminate such Margin Deficit, or (B) if an Event of Default with respect to Seller has occurred and is then continuing at the time such Income is paid or distributed. 6. SECURITY INTEREST Although the parties intend that all Transactions hereunder be sales and purchases and not loans, in the event any such Transactions are deemed to be loans, Seller shall be deemed to have pledged to Buyer as security for the performance by Seller of its obligations under each such Transaction, and shall be deemed to have granted to Buyer a security interest in, all of the Purchased Securities with respect to all Transactions hereunder and all Income thereon and other proceeds thereof. 7. PAYMENT AND TRANSFER Unless otherwise mutually agreed, all transfers of funds hereunder shall be in immediately available funds. All Securities transferred by one party hereto to the other party (i) shall be in suitable form for transfer or shall be accompanied by duly executed instruments of transfer or assignment in blank and such other documentation as the party receiving possession may reasonably request, (ii) shall be transferred on the book-entry system of a Federal Reserve Bank, or (iii) shall be transferred by any other method mutually acceptable to Seller and Buyer. 8. SEGREGATION OF PURCHASED SECURITIES To the extent required by applicable law, all Purchased Securities in the possession of Seller shall be segregated from other securities in its possession and shall be identified as subject to this Agreement. Segregation may be accomplished by appropriate identification on the books and records of the holder, including a financial or securities intermediary or a clearing corporation. All of Seller's interest in the Purchased Securities shall pass to Buyer on the Purchases Date and, unless otherwise agreed by Buyer and Seller, nothing in this Agreement shall preclude Buyer from engaging in repurchase transactions with the Purchased Securities or otherwise selling, transferring, pledging or hypothecating the Purchased Securities, but no such transaction shall relieve Buyer of its obligations to transfer Purchased Securities to Seller pursuant to Paragraphs 3, 4 or 11 hereof, or of Buyer's obligation to credit or pay Income to, or apply Income to the obligations of, Seller pursuant to Paragraph 5 hereof. 5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- REQUIRED DISCLOSURE FOR TRANSACTIONS IN WHICH THE SELLER RETAINS CUSTODY OF THE PURCHASED SECURITIES Seller is not permitted to substitute other securities for those subject to this Agreement and therefore must keep Buyer's securities segregated at all times, unless in this Agreement Buyer grants Seller the right to substitute other securities. If Buyer grants the right to substitute, this means that Buyer's securities will likely be commingled with Seller's own securities during the trading day. Buyer is advised that, during any trading day that Buyer's securities are commingled with Seller's securities, they [will]* [may]** be subject to liens granted by Seller to [its clearing bank]* [third parties]** and may be used by Seller for deliveries on other securities transactions. Whenever the securities are commingled, Seller's ability to resegregate substitute securities for Buyer will be subject to Seller's ability to satisfy [the clearing]* [any]** lien or to obtain substitute securities. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- *Language to be used under 17 C.F.R. Section 403.4(e) if Seller is a government securities broker or dealer other than a financial institution. **Language to be used under 17 C.F.R. Section 403.5(d) if Seller is a financial institution. 9. SUBSTITUTION (a) Seller may, subject to agreement with and acceptance by Buyer, substitute other Securities for any Purchased Securities. Such substitution shall be made by transfer to Buyer of such other Securities and transfer to Seller of such Purchased Securities. After substitution, the substituted Securities shall be deemed to be Purchased Securities. (b) In Transactions in which the Seller retains custody of Purchased Securities, the parties expressly agree that Buyer shall be deemed, for purposes of subparagraph (a) of this Paragraph, to have agreed to and accepted in this Agreement substitution by Seller of other Securities for Purchased Securities; provided, however, that such other Securities shall have a Market Value at least equal to the Market Value of the Purchased Securities for which they are substituted. 10. REPRESENTATIONS Each of Buyer and Seller represents and warrants to the other that (i) it is duly authorized to execute and deliver this Agreement, to enter into the Transactions contemplated hereunder and to perform its obligations hereunder and has taken all necessary action to authorize such execution, delivery and performance, (ii) it will engage in such Transactions as principal (or, if agreed in writing, in the form of an annex hereto or otherwise, in advance of any Transaction by the other party hereto, as agent for a disclosed principal), (iii) the person signing this Agreement on its behalf is duly authorized to do so on its behalf (or on behalf of any such disclosed principal), (iv) it has obtained all authorizations of any governmental body required in connection with this Agreement and the Transactions hereunder and such authorizations are in full force and effect and (v) the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the Transactions hereunder will not violate any law, ordinance, charter, by-law or rule applicable to it or any agreement by which it is bound or by which any of its assets are affected. On the Purchase Date for any Transaction Buyer and Seller shall each be deemed to repeat all the foregoing representations made by it. 11. EVENTS OF DEFAULT In the event that (i) Seller fails to transfer or Buyer fails to purchase Purchased Securities upon the applicable Purchase Date, (ii) Seller fails to repurchase or Buyer fails to transfer Purchased Securities upon the applicable Repurchase Date, (iii) Seller or Buyer fails to comply with 6 Paragraph 4 hereof, (iv) Buyer fails, after one business day's notice, to comply with Paragraph 5 hereof, (v) an Act of Insolvency occurs with respect to Seller or Buyer, (vi) any representation made by Seller or Buyer shall have been incorrect or untrue in any material respect when made or repeated or deemed to have been made or repeated, or (vii) Seller or Buyer shall admit to the other its inability to, or its intention not to, perform any of its obligations hereunder (each an "Event of Default"): (a) The nondefaulting party may, at its option (which option shall be deemed to have been exercised immediately upon the occurrence of an Act of Insolvency), declare an Event of Default to have occurred hereunder and, upon the exercise or deemed exercise of such option, the Repurchase Date for each Transaction hereunder shall, if it has not already occurred, be deemed immediately to occur (except that, in the event that the Purchase Date for any Transaction has not yet occurred as of the date of such exercise or deemed exercise, such Transaction shall be deemed immediately canceled). The nondefaulting party shall (except upon the occurrence of an Act of Insolvency) give notice to the defaulting party of the exercise of such option as promptly as practicable. (b) In all Transactions in which the defaulting party is acting as Seller, if the nondefaulting party exercises or is deemed to have exercised the option referred to in subparagraph (a) of this Paragraph, (i) the defaulting party's obligations in such Transactions to repurchase all Purchased Securities, at the Repurchase Price therefor on the Repurchase Date determined in accordance with subparagraph (a) of this Paragraph, shall thereupon become immediately due and payable, (ii) all Income paid after such exercise or deemed exercise shall be retained by the nondefaulting party and applied to the aggregate unpaid Repurchase Prices and any other amounts owing by the defaulting party hereunder, and (iii) the defaulting party shall immediately deliver to the nondefaulting party any Purchased Securities subject to such Transactions then in the defaulting party's possession or control. (c) In all Transactions in which the defaulting party is acting as Buyer, upon tender by the nondefaulting party of payment of the aggregate Repurchase Prices for all such Transactions, all right, title and interest in and entitlement to all Purchased Securities subject to such Transactions shall be deemed transferred to the nondefaulting party, and the defaulting party shall deliver all such Purchased Securities to the nondefaulting party. (d) If the nondefaulting party exercises or is deemed to have exercised the option referred to in subparagraph (a) of this paragraph, the nondefaulting party, without prior notice to the defaulting party, may: (i) as to Transactions in which the defaulting party is acting as Seller, (A) immediately sell, in a recognized market (or otherwise in a commercially reasonable manner) at such price or prices as the nondefaulting party may reasonably deem satisfactory, any or all Purchased Securities subject to such Transactions and apply the proceeds thereof to the aggregate unpaid Repurchase Prices and any other amounts owing by the defaulting party hereunder or (B) in its sole discretion elect, in lieu of selling all or a portion of such Purchased Securities, to give the defaulting party credit for such Purchased Securities in an amount equal to the price therefor on such date, obtained from a generally recognized source or the most recent closing (ask/offer) quotation from such a source, against the aggregate unpaid Repurchase Prices and any other amounts owing by the defaulting party hereunder; and (ii) as to Transactions in which the defaulting party is acting as Buyer, (A) immediately purchase, in a recognized market (or otherwise in a commercially reasonable manner) at such price or prices as the nondefaulting party may reasonably deem satisfactory, 7 securities ("Replacement Securities") of the same class and amount as any Purchased Securities that are not delivered by the defaulting party to the nondefaulting party as required hereunder or (B) in its sole discretion elect, in lieu of purchasing Replacement Securities, to be deemed to have purchased Replacement Securities at the price therefor on such date, obtained from a generally recognized source or the most recent closing bid quotation from such a source. Unless otherwise provided in Annex I, the parties acknowledge and agree that (1) the Securities subject to any Transaction hereunder are instruments traded in a recognized market, (2) in the absence of a generally recognized source for prices or bid or offer quotations for any Security, the nondefaulting party may establish the source therefor in its sole discretion and (3) all prices, bids and offers shall be determined together with accrued Income (except to the extent contrary to market practice with respect to the relevant Securities). (e) As to Transactions in which the defaulting party is acting as Buyer, the defaulting party shall be liable to the nondefaulting party for any excess of the price paid (or deemed paid) by the nondefaulting party for Replacement Securities over the Repurchase Price for such Purchased Securities replaced thereby and for any amounts payable by the defaulting party under Paragraph 5 hereof or otherwise hereunder. (f) For purposes of this Paragraph 11, the Repurchase Price for each Transaction hereunder in respect of which the defaulting party is acting as Buyer shall not increase above the amount of such Repurchase Price for such Transaction determined as of the date of the exercise or deemed exercise by the nondefaulting party of its option under subparagraph (a) of this Paragraph. (g) The defaulting party shall be liable to the nondefaulting party for (i) the amount of all reasonable legal or other expenses incurred by the nondefaulting party in connection with or as a result of an Event of Default, (ii) damages in an amount equal to the cost (including all fees, expenses and commissions) of entering into replacement transactions and entering into or terminating hedge transactions in connection with or as a result of an Event of Default, and (iii) any other loss, dam-age, cost or expense directly arising or resulting from the occurrence of an Event of Default in respect of a Transaction. (h) To the extent permitted by applicable law, the defaulting party shall be liable to the nondefaulting party for interest on any amounts owing by the defaulting party hereunder, from the date the defaulting party becomes liable for such amounts hereunder until such amounts are (i) paid in full by the defaulting party or (ii) satisfied in full by the exercise of the nondefaulting party's rights hereunder. Interest on any sum payable by the defaulting party to the nondefaulting party under this Paragraph 11(h) shall be at a rate equal to the greater of the Pricing Rate for the relevant Transaction or the Prime Rate. (i) The nondefaulting party shall have, in addition to its rights hereunder, any rights otherwise available to it under any other agreement or applicable law. 12. SINGLE AGREEMENT Buyer and Seller acknowledge that, and have entered hereinto and will enter into each Transaction hereunder in consideration of and in reliance upon the fact that, all Transactions hereunder constitute a single business and contractual relationship and have been made in consideration of each other. Accordingly, each of Buyer and Seller agrees (i) to perform all of its obligations in respect of each Transaction hereunder, and that a default in the performance of any such obligations shall constitute a default by it in respect of all Transactions hereunder, (ii) that 8 each of them shall be entitled to set off claims and apply property held by them in respect of any Transaction against obligations owing to them in respect of any other Transactions hereunder and (iii) that payments, deliveries and other transfers made by either of them in respect of any Transaction shall be deemed to have been made in consideration of payments, deliveries and other transfers in respect of any other Transactions hereunder, and the obligations to make any such payments, deliveries and other transfers may be applied against each other and netted. 13. NOTICES AND OTHER COMMUNICATIONS Any and all notices, statements, demands or other communications hereunder may be given by a party to the other by mail, facsimile, telegraph, messenger, or otherwise to the address specified in Annex I to hereto, or so sent to such party at any other place specified in a notice of change of address hereafter received by the other. All notices, demands and requests hereunder may be made orally, to be confirmed promptly in writing, or by other communication as specified in the preceding sentence. 14. ENTIRE AGREEMENT; SEVERABILITY This Agreement shall supersede any existing agreements between the parties containing general terms and conditions for repurchase transactions. Each provision and agreement herein shall be treated as separate and independent from any other provision or agreement herein and shall be enforceable notwithstanding the unenforceability of any such other provision or agreement. 15. NON-ASSIGNABILITY; TERMINATION (a) The rights and obligations of the parties under this Agreement and under any Transaction shall not be assigned by either party without the prior written consent of the other party, and any such assignment without prior written consent of the other party shall be null and void. Subject to the foregoing, this Agreement and any Transactions shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective successors and assigns. This Agreement may be terminated by either party upon giving written notice to the other, except that this Agreement shall, notwithstanding such notice, remain applicable to any Transactions then outstanding. (b) Subparagraph (a) of this Paragraph 15 shall not preclude a party from assigning, charging or otherwise dealing with all or any part of its interest in any sum payable to it under Paragraph 11 hereof. 16. GOVERNING LAW This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of New York without giving effect to the conflict of law principles thereof. 17. NO WAIVERS, ETC. No express or implied waiver of any Event of Default by either party shall constitute a waiver of any other Event of Default and no exercise of any remedy hereunder by any party shall constitute a waiver of its right to exercise any other remedy hereunder. No modification or waiver of any provision of this Agreement and no consent by any party to a departure herefrom shall be effective unless and until such shall be in writing and duly executed by both of the parties hereto. Without limitation on any of the foregoing, the failure to give a notice pursuant to Paragraph 4(a) or 4(b) hereof will not constitute a waiver of any right to do so at a later date. 18. USE OF EMPLOYEE PLAN ASSETS (a) If assets of an employee benefit plan subject to any provision of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 ("ERISA") are intended to be used by either party hereto (the "Plan 9 Party") in a Transaction, the Plan Party shall so notify the other party prior to the Transaction. The Plan Party shall represent in writing to the other party that the Transaction does not constitute a prohibited transaction under ERISA or is otherwise exempt therefrom, and the other party may proceed in reliance thereon but shall not be required so to proceed. (b) Subject to the last sentence of subparagraph (a) of this Paragraph, any such Transaction shall proceed only if Seller furnishes or has furnished to Buyer its most recent available audited statement of its financial condition and its most recent subsequent unaudited statement of its financial condition. (c) By entering into a Transaction pursuant to this Paragraph, Seller shall be deemed (i) to represent to Buyer that since the date of Seller's latest such financial statements, there has been no material adverse change in Seller's financial condition which Seller has not disclosed to Buyer, and (ii) to agree to provide Buyer with future audited and unaudited statements of its financial condition as they are issued, so long as it is the Seller in any outstanding Transaction involving a Plan Party. 19. INTENT (a) The parties recognize that each Transaction is a "repurchase agreement" as that term is defined in Section 101 of Title 11 of the United States Code, as amended (except insofar as the type of Securities subject to such Transaction or the term of such Transaction would render such definition inapplicable), and a "securities contract" as that term is defined in Section 741 of Title 11 of the United States Code, as amended (except insofar as the type of assets subject to such Transaction would render such definition inapplicable). (b) It is understood that either party's right to liquidate Securities delivered to it in connection with Transactions hereunder or to exercise any other remedies pursuant to Paragraph 11 hereof, is a contractual right to liquidate such Transaction as described in Sections 555 and 559 of Title 11 of the United States Code, as amended. (c) The parties agree and acknowledge that if a party hereto is an "insured depository institution," as such term is defined in the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, as amended ("FDIA"), then each Transaction hereunder is a "qualified financial contract," as that term is defined in the FDIA and any rules, orders or policy statements thereunder (except insofar as the type of assets subject to such Transaction would render such definition inapplicable). (d) It is understood that this Agreement constitutes a "netting contract" as defined in and subject to Title IV of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 ("FDICIA") and each payment entitlement and payment obligation under any Transaction hereunder shall constitute a "covered contractual payment entitlement" or "covered contractual payment obligation", respectively, as defined in and subject to FDICIA except insofar as one or both of the parties is not a "financial institution" as that term is defined in FDICIA). 20. DISCLOSURE RELATING TO CERTAIN FEDERAL PROTECTIONS The parties acknowledge that they have been advised that: (a) in the case of Transactions in which one of the parties is a broker or dealer registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under Section 15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ("1934 Act"), the Securities Investor Protection Corporation has taken the position that the provisions of the Securities Investor Protection Act of 1970 ("SIPA") do not protect the other party with respect to any Transaction hereunder; 10 (b) in the case of Transactions in which one of the parties is a government securities broker or a government securities dealer registered with the SEC under Section 15C of the 1934 Act, SIPA will not provide protection to the other party with respect to any Transaction hereunder; and (c) in the case of Transactions in which one of the parties is a financial institution, funds held by the financial institution pursuant to a Transaction hereunder are not a deposit and therefore are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or the National Credit Union Share Insurance Fund, as applicable. [REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK.] 11 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Master Repurchase Agreement by their duly authorized signatories as of the date hereof. THE BUYER: WACHOVIA BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association By: /s/ Joe Cannon --------------------------------------- Name: Joe Cannon ------------------------------------- Title: Associate ------------------------------------ Wachovia Bank, National Association One Wachovia Center, Mail Code: NC0166 301 South College Street Charlotte, North Carolina 28288 Attention: Marianne Hickman Facsimile No.: (704) 715-0066 Confirmation No.: (704) 715-7818 [SIGNATURES CONTINUE ON FOLLOWING PAGE] 12 THE SELLER: NRFC WA HOLDINGS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company By: /s/ Daniel R. Gilbert --------------------------------------- Name: Daniel R. Gilbert ------------------------------------- Title: Executive VP ------------------------------------ Address for Notices: NRFC WA Holdings, LLC c/o NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. 527 Madison Avenue New York, New York 10022 Attention: Mark E. Chertok Richard McCready Daniel R. Gilbert Facsimile No.: (212) 208-2651 (212) 319-4558 Confirmation No.: (212) 319-2618 (212) 319-2623 (212) 319-3679 with a copy to: Paul Hastings Janofsky & Walker LLP 75 East 55th Street New York, New York 10022 Attention: Robert J. Grados, Esq. Facsimile No.: (212) 230-7830 Confirmation No.: (212) 318-6923 [SIGNATURES CONTINUE ON FOLLOWING PAGE] 13 THE GUARANTOR: NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE CORP., a Maryland corporation By: /s/ Daniel R. Gilbert --------------------------------------- Name: Daniel R. Gilbert ------------------------------------- Title: Executive VP ------------------------------------ Address for Notices: NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. 527 Madison Avenue New York, New York 10022 Attention: Mark E. Chertok Richard McCready Daniel R. Gilbert Facsimile No.: (212) 208-2651 (212) 319-4558 Confirmation No.: (212) 319-2618 (212) 319-2623 (212) 319-3679 with a copy to: Paul Hastings Janofsky & Walker LLP 75 East 55th Street New York, New York 10022 Attention: Robert J. Grados, Esq. Facsimile No.: (212) 230-7830 Confirmation No.: (212) 318-6923 14 ANNEX I SUPPLEMENTAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS This Annex I (as amended, modified, restated, replaced, waived, substituted, supplemented or extended from time to time, "Annex I") forms a part of the Master Repurchase Agreement dated as of July 13, 2005 (as amended, modified, restated, replaced, waived, substituted, supplemented or extended from time to time, the "Master Repurchase Agreement", and collectively with this Annex I, the "Repurchase Agreement"), by and among WACHOVIA BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association, as the buyer (together with its successors and assigns, the "Buyer"), NRFC WA HOLDINGS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, as the seller (together with its successors and permitted assigns, the "Seller"), and NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE CORP., a Maryland corporation, as the guarantor (together with its successors and permitted assigns, the "Guarantor"). To the extent that the terms of this Annex I conflict with the terms of the Master Repurchase Agreement, the terms of this Annex I shall control. 1. DEFINITIONS. (a) Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Master Repurchase Agreement. Reference to any Paragraph refers to a paragraph under the Master Repurchase Agreement (as the same may be modified by this Annex I), and reference to any Section refers to a section of this Annex I to this Repurchase Agreement. In addition to the terms defined in the Preamble to this Annex I, the following additional terms shall apply to this Repurchase Agreement: "AAA IO": A AAA rated bond that is "interest only," including any such bond designated "X-C" or "X-P." "Accepted Servicing Practices": With respect to each Purchased Item, those mortgage, mezzanine loan and/or secured lending servicing practices, as applicable, of prudent lending institutions that service Purchased Items of the same type, size and structure as such Purchased Items in the jurisdiction where the related Underlying Mortgaged Property is located, as applicable, but in any event, (i) in accordance with the terms of the Repurchase Documents and Applicable Law, (ii) without prejudice to the interests of the Buyer, (iii) with a view to the maximization of the recovery on such Purchased Items on a net present value basis, and (iv) without regard to (A) any relationship that the Seller, the Guarantor and any Affiliate of the foregoing may have with the related Borrower, mortgagor, the Seller, any servicer, any PSA Servicer or any other party to the Repurchase Documents, the Mortgage Loan Documents or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing; (B) the right of the Seller, the Guarantor or any Affiliate of the foregoing to receive compensation or other fees for its services rendered pursuant to this Repurchase Agreement, the Repurchase Documents or any other document or agreement; (C) the ownership, servicing or management by the Seller, the Guarantor or any Affiliate of the foregoing for others of any other mortgage loans or mortgaged property; (D) any obligation of the Seller, the Guarantor or any Affiliate of the foregoing to repurchase or substitute a Purchased Item; (E) any obligation of the Seller, the Guarantor or any Affiliate of the foregoing to cure a breach of a representation and warranty with respect to a Purchased Item; and (F) any debt the Seller, the Guarantor or any Affiliate has extended to any Borrower, mortgagor or any Affiliate of such Borrower or mortgagor. "Account Agreement": A letter agreement among the Seller, the Buyer and Wachovia in the form of Exhibit III attached hereto. Annex I-1 "Accrual Period": With respect to the first Payment Date, the period from and including the applicable Purchase Date to but excluding such first Payment Date, and, with respect to any subsequent Payment Date, the period from and including the previous Payment Date to but excluding such subsequent Payment Date. "Act of Insolvency": With respect to a specified Person, (a) the filing of a decree or order for relief by a court having jurisdiction in respect of such Person or any substantial part of its Property in an involuntary case under any applicable Insolvency Law now or hereafter in effect, or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator or similar official for such Person or for any substantial part of its Property, or ordering the winding-up or liquidation of such Person's affairs, and such decree or order shall remain unstayed and in effect for a period of sixty (60) consecutive days; or (b) the commencement by such Person of a voluntary case under any applicable Insolvency Law now or hereafter in effect, or the consent by such Person to the entry of an order for relief in an involuntary case under any such law, or the consent by such Person to the appointment of or taking possession by a receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator or similar official for such Person or for any substantial part of its property, or the making by such Person of any general assignment for the benefit of creditors, or the failure by such Person generally to pay its debts as such debts become due, or the taking of action by such Person in furtherance of any of the foregoing. "Additional Amount": Defined in Paragraph 3(j)(i) of this Repurchase Agreement. "Additional Purchased Asset": An Eligible Asset transferred to the Buyer in a satisfaction of a Margin Deficit pursuant to Paragraph 4(a) of this Repurchase Agreement, which Additional Purchased Asset shall satisfy all requirements of, and be transferred in accordance with the provisions of, this Repurchase Agreement. "Adjusted Eurodollar Rate": For any Eurodollar Period, a rate per annum equal to a fraction, expressed as a percentage and rounded upwards (if necessary) to the nearest 1/100 of 1%, (i) the numerator of which is equal to the Eurodollar Rate for such Eurodollar Period and (ii) the denominator of which is equal to 100% minus the Eurodollar Reserve Percentage for such Eurodollar Period. "Advance Rate": With respect to a Mortgage Asset of a certain Class and, as applicable, the applicable Type of Underlying Mortgaged Property, the "Maximum Advance Rate" set forth in the applicable column on Schedule 1 to the Fee Letter. "Affected Party": The Buyer and all assignees, pledgees and participants of the Buyer. "Affiliate": With respect to a Person, means any other Person that, directly or indirectly, controls, is controlled by or is under common control with such Person, or is a director of such Person. For purposes of this definition, "control" (including the terms "controlling," "controlled by" and "under common control with") when used with respect to any specified Person means the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to vote 20% or more of the voting securities of such Person or to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise. "Agreement": Means, when referred to in the Master Repurchase Agreement, this Repurchase Agreement. "Aggregate Unpaids": At any time, an amount equal to the sum of the aggregate Purchase Price outstanding for all Transactions, the aggregate Price Differential outstanding, the aggregate Margin Deficits outstanding, Breakage Costs (if any), Increased Costs (if any), Taxes (if any), Additional Annex I-2 Amounts (if any), Late Payment Fees (if any), any fee due under any fee letter (including, without limitation, the Fee Letter and the Custodial Fee Letter) and all other amounts owed by the Seller or any other Person to the Buyer, any Affected Party or any other Person under or with respect to this Repurchase Agreement, the Repurchase Documents or any Transaction entered into pursuant thereto (whether due or accrued). "ALTA": The American Land Title Association. "Applicable Law": For any Person or Property of such Person, all existing and future applicable laws, rules, regulations (including temporary and final income tax regulations), statutes, treaties, codes, ordinances, permits, certificates, orders and licenses of and interpretations by any Governmental Authority (including, without limitation, usury laws, the Federal Truth in Lending Act, as amended from time to time, and Regulation Z and Regulation B of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System), and applicable judgments, decrees, injunctions, writs, awards or orders of any court, arbitrator or other administrative, judicial or quasi-judicial tribunal or agency of competent jurisdiction. "Asset File Checklist": Defined in the Custodial Agreement. "Asset Schedule and Exception Report": Defined in the Custodial Agreement. "Asset Value": As of any date of determination for each Eligible Asset or Purchased Asset, as applicable, with respect to a Mortgage Asset of a certain Class, the lesser of (a) the product of the Book Value of such Eligible Asset times the Advance Rate applicable thereto and (b) the product of the Market Value of such Eligible Asset or Purchased Asset, as applicable, times the Advance Rate, taking into account the LTV percentages applicable to such Mortgaged Asset (if any) set forth on Schedule 1 to the Fee Letter; provided, however, the Asset Value may be reduced in the Buyer's discretion by an amount determined by the Buyer in its discretion (which amount may, in the Buyer's discretion, be reduced to zero (0)), with respect to each Mortgage Asset or Purchased Asset, as applicable (A) in respect of which one (1) or more eligibility requirements set forth in Schedule 1 to this Repurchase Agreement is not satisfied in any respect (assuming each such criteria is determined as of the date the Asset Value is determined), in each case without regard to the Seller's knowledge or lack of knowledge thereof and without regard to the Seller's representations or warranties with respect to its knowledge or lack of knowledge thereof, and, in the Buyer's determination in its discretion, the same impacts, impairs or affects the Market Value or Book Value of such Mortgage Asset or Purchased Asset, (B) in respect of which the complete Mortgage Asset File has not been delivered to the Custodian within the time period required by the Custodial Agreement, (C) which is a Table Funded Purchased Asset in respect of which the Mortgage Asset File has not been delivered to the Custodian within three (3) Business Days following the Purchase Date, or (D) which has been released from the possession of the Custodian under the Custodial Agreement to the Seller or an Affiliate for a period in excess of twenty (20) calendar days. "Assignment": The transfer of all of the Seller's rights and interests under an Eligible Asset pursuant to an assignment agreement among the Seller and the Buyer, which agreement shall be in the form of Exhibit IX and is otherwise satisfactory to the Buyer in its discretion. "Assignment of Leases": With respect to any Mortgage, an assignment of leases thereunder, notice of transfer or equivalent instrument in recordable form, sufficient under the laws of the jurisdiction wherein the Underlying Mortgaged Property is located to reflect the assignment of leases to the Buyer. "Assignment of Mortgage": With respect to any Mortgage, an assignment of the Mortgage, notice of transfer or equivalent instrument in recordable form, sufficient under the laws of the jurisdiction wherein Annex I-3 the related Underlying Mortgaged Property is located to reflect the assignment of the Mortgage to the Buyer. "Availability": At any time, an amount equal to the positive excess (if any) of (a) the Maximum Amount minus (b) the aggregate Purchase Price outstanding for all Transactions on such day; provided, however, the Availability shall be zero (0) (i) on and after the occurrence of the Commitment Expiration Date (including any extensions thereof), (ii) while a Margin Deficit is outstanding, or (iii) after an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing. "Bailee": With respect to each Table Funded Purchased Asset, the related title company, attorney or settlement agent, in each case, approved in writing by the Buyer in its discretion. "Bailee Agreement": The Bailee Agreement among the Seller, the Buyer and the Bailee in the form of Annex 13 to the Custodial Agreement. "Bailee's Trust Receipt": A Trust Receipt in the form of Attachment 2 to the Bailee Agreement. "Bankruptcy Code": The United States Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1978 (11 U.S.C. Section 101, et seq.), as amended from time to time. "Base Rate": On any date, a fluctuating rate per annum equal to the lesser of (a) the Prime Rate or (b) the Federal Funds Rate, plus 1.0%. "Basic Mortgage Asset Files": Defined in the Custodial Agreement. "Book Value": With respect to any Mortgage Asset at any time, an amount, as certified by the Seller, equal to the lesser of (a) face or par value and (b) the price that the Seller initially paid or advanced for or in respect of such Mortgage Asset, as such Book Value may be marked down by the Seller from time to time, including, as applicable, from any loss/price adjustments, less an amount equal to the sum of all principal payments, prepayments or paydowns paid and realized losses recognized relating to such Mortgage Asset; provided, however, any such markdowns or adjustments must be made in good faith and shall be disclosed contemporaneously therewith in writing to the Buyer, which mark downs or adjustments, without a corresponding payment and application of principal, may result in a Margin Deficit. "Borrower": Collectively (and individually as the context may expressly provide or require), the borrowers, obligors or debtors under a Mortgage Asset, including, but not limited to, any guarantor thereof, the borrowers, obligors or debtors of any debt, including any guarantor thereof, senior to the Mortgage Asset, including obligors, debtors and guarantors with respect to the debt secured by any Underlying Mortgaged Property, and any Person that has not signed the related Mortgage Note, Junior Interest Note or other note, certificate or instrument but owns an interest in the related Underlying Mortgaged Property, which interest has been encumbered to secure such Mortgage Asset. "Borrower Reserve Payments": Any payments made by a Borrower under the applicable Mortgage Loan Documents which, pursuant to the terms of such Mortgage Loan Documents, are required to be deposited into escrow or into a reserve to be used for a specific purpose (e.g., tax and insurance escrows). "Breakage Costs": Any amount or amounts as shall compensate the Buyer or any Affected Party for any loss, cost or expense incurred by the Buyer or any Affected Party (as determined by the Buyer in its discretion) as a result of a prepayment by the Seller or the Guarantor of all or any portion of any Repurchase Price and any losses, costs and/or expenses that the Buyer or any Affected Party may sustain Annex I-4 or incur arising from the reemployment of funds obtained by the Buyer or any Affected Party hereunder or from fees payable to terminate the deposits from which such funds were obtained. "Bridge Loan": A performing Whole Loan that is otherwise an Eligible Asset except that the Underlying Mortgaged Property is not stabilized or is otherwise considered to be in a transitional state, which exceptions shall be disclosed in writing to the Buyer and such exceptions must be acceptable to the Buyer in its discretion, which acceptance may, in the Buyer's discretion, be conditioned on additional terms, conditions and requirements with respect to such Bridge Loan. "Business Day": Any day other than a Saturday or a Sunday on which (a) banks are not required or authorized to be closed in Charlotte, North Carolina, and (b) if the term "Business Day" is used in connection with the determination of the Eurodollar Rate, dealings in United States dollar deposits are carried on in the London interbank market. "Buyer's Account": The account of the Buyer identified on Schedule 2. "Capital Lease Obligations": For any Person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries, all obligations of such Person to pay rent or other amounts under a lease of (or other agreement conveying the right to use) Property to the extent such obligations are required to be classified and accounted for as a capital lease on a balance sheet of such Person under GAAP, and, for purposes of this Repurchase Agreement, the amount of such obligations shall be the capitalized amount thereof, determined in accordance with GAAP. "Capital Stock": With respect to any Person, any share of capital stock of (or other ownership, equity or profit interests in) such Person, any warrant, option or other right for the purchase or other acquisition from such Person of any share of capital stock of (or other ownership, equity or profit interests in) such Person, any security convertible into or exchangeable for any share of capital stock of (or other ownership, equity or profit interests in) such Person or warrant, right or option for the purchase or other acquisition from such Person of such shares (or such other interests), and any other ownership or profit interest in such Person (including, without limitation, partnership, member or trust interests therein), whether voting or nonvoting, and whether or not such share, warrant, option, right or other interest is authorized or otherwise existing on any date of determination. "Cash Collateral": The cash received by the Buyer in satisfaction of a Margin Deficit or as Income on Purchased Assets. "Cash Equivalents": As to any Person, (i) securities issued or directly and fully guaranteed or insured by the United States or any agency or instrumentality thereof (provided that the full faith and credit of the United States is pledged in support thereof) having maturities of not more than one year from the date of acquisition, (ii) time deposits or certificates of deposit of any commercial bank incorporated under the laws of the United States or any state thereof, of recognized standing having capital and unimpaired surplus in excess of $1,000,000,000 and whose short-term commercial paper rating at the time of acquisition is at least A-1 or the equivalent thereof by S&P or at least P-1 or the equivalent thereof by Moody's (any such bank, an "Approved Bank"), with such deposits or certificates having maturities of not more than one year from the date of acquisition, (iii) repurchase obligations with a term of not more than seven days for underlying securities of the types described in clauses (i) and (ii) above entered into with any Approved Bank, (iv) commercial paper or finance company paper issued by any Person incorporated under the laws of the United States or any state thereof and rated at least A-1 or the equivalent thereof by S&P or at least P-1 or the equivalent thereof by Moody's, and in each case maturing not more than one year after the date of acquisition, and (v) investments in money market funds that are registered under the 40 Act, which have net assets of at least $1,000,000,000 and at least 85% of Annex I-5 whose assets consist of securities and other obligations of the type described in clauses (i) through (iv) above. All such Cash Equivalents must be denominated solely for payment in Dollars. "Class": With respect to a Mortgage Asset, such Mortgage Asset's classification as a Whole Loan, a Junior Interest, a Mezzanine Loan, a Bridge Loan, a CMBS Security, a CTL Loan, a Subordinate CTL Loan or Senior Secured Bank Debt. "Closing Date": July 13, 2005. "CMBS Security": A performing fixed or floating rate mortgage-backed pass-through certificate, representing a beneficial ownership interest in one or more first lien mortgage loans secured by Commercial Real Estate, rated by at least two (2) Rating Agencies as AAA (including AAA IO), AA+, AA, AA-, A+, A, A-, BBB+, BBB, BBB-, BB+, BB, BB-, B+, B or B-. "Code": The Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time. "Collection Account": The deposit account identified on Schedule 2 established in the name of the Buyer into which all Income and Cash Collateral shall be deposited, which account shall be subject to the Account Agreement. Funds in the Collection Account may be invested at the direction and in the discretion of the Buyer in Permitted Investments for the benefit of the Seller. "Commercial Real Estate": Any real estate included in the definition of Type. "Commercial Real Estate Loan": Any loan secured directly or indirectly by Commercial Real Estate or, as applicable, ownership interests in an entity that owns directly or indirectly Commercial Real Estate. "Commitment Expiration Date": The earlier of (a) the date that is 364 days immediately following the Closing Date, as the same may be extended in accordance with the terms of Paragraph 3(d) of this Repurchase Agreement, or (b) the Business Day designated by the Seller to the Buyer as the expiration date at any time following two (2) Business Days' prior written notice to the Buyer. "Commitment Fee": The "Commitment Fee" payable under the Fee Letter. "Commitment Period": The period commencing on the Closing Date and terminating on the Commitment Expiration Date, as such Commitment Expiration Date may be extended in accordance with Paragraph 3(d) of this Repurchase Agreement. "Compliance Certificate": Defined in Section 3(b)(vi) of this Repurchase Agreement. "Confirmation": A purchase confirmation in the form attached to this Repurchase Agreement as Exhibit B duly executed, completed and delivered by the Seller in accordance with the provisions of Paragraph 3(a)(iii) of this Repurchase Agreement. "Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA": For any period, with respect to any Person, the sum, without duplication, for such period of (a) the Net Income of such Person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries determined on a consolidated basis for such period, (b) the sum of the provisions for such period for income taxes, interest expense, and depreciation and amortization expense used in determining such Net Income for such Person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries, (c) amounts deducted in accordance with GAAP in respect of other non-cash expenses in determining such Net Income for such Person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries and (d) the amount of any aggregate net loss (or minus the amount of any gain) Annex I-6 during such period arising from the sale, exchange or other disposition of capital assets by such Person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries determined on a consolidated basis. "Consolidated Subsidiaries": An as of any date and for any Person, any Subsidiary or other entities that are consolidated with such Person in accordance with GAAP. "Contingent Liabilities": Means, with respect to any Person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries (without duplication): (i) liabilities and obligations (including any Guarantee Obligations) of such Person, any Subsidiary or any other Person in respect of "off-balance sheet arrangements" (as defined in the SEC Off-Balance Sheet Rules), (ii) any obligation, including, without limitation, any Guarantee Obligation, whether or not required to be disclosed in the footnotes to such Person's financial statements, guaranteeing partially or in whole any Non-Recourse Indebtedness, lease, dividend or other obligation, exclusive of contractual indemnities (including, without limitation, any indemnity or price-adjustment provision relating to the purchase or sale of securities or other assets) and guarantees of non-monetary obligations (other than guarantees of completion, environmental indemnities and guarantees of customary carve-out matters made in connection with Non-Recourse Indebtedness, such as (but not limited to) fraud, misappropriation, bankruptcy and misapplication) which have not yet been called on or quantified, of such Person or of any other Person, and (iii) any forward commitment or obligation to fund or provide proceeds with respect to any loan or other financing which is obligatory and non-discretionary on the part of the lender. The amount of any Contingent Liabilities described in clause (ii) shall be deemed to be, (a) with respect to a guarantee of interest or interest and principal, or operating income guarantee, the sum of all payments required to be made thereunder (which, in the case of an operating income guarantee, shall be deemed to be equal to the debt service for the note secured thereby), through, (x) in the case of an interest or interest and principal guarantee, the stated date of maturity of the obligation (and commencing on the date interest could first be payable thereunder), or (y) in the case of an operating income guarantee, the date through which such guarantee will remain in effect, and (b) with respect to all guarantees not covered by the preceding clause (a), an amount equal to the stated or determinable amount of the primary obligation in respect of which such guarantee is made or, if not stated or determinable, the maximum reasonably anticipated liability in respect thereof (assuming such Person is required to perform thereunder) as recorded on the balance sheet and on the footnotes to the most recent financial statements of such Person. As used in this definition, the term "SEC Off-Balance Sheet Rules" means the Disclosure in Management's Discussion and Analysis About Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Aggregate Contractual Obligations, Securities Act Release Nos. 33-8182; 34-47264; FR-67 International Series Release No. 1266 File No. S7-42-02, 68 Fed. Reg. 5982 (Feb. 5, 2003) (codified at 17 CFR pts. 228, 229 and 249). "Contractual Obligation": With respect to any Person, any provision of any securities issued by such Person or any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, contract, undertaking, agreement, instrument or other document to which such Person is a party or by which it or any of its Property is bound or is subject. "CTL Loan": A performing Whole Loan secured by a first priority perfected security interest in Commercial Real Estate 100% leased under a Credit Tenant Lease to, or guaranteed in full by, a Credit Tenant and all payments due under such Credit Tenant Lease, and such CTL Loan satisfies such additional underwriting criteria and other terms, conditions and requirements as the Buyer may require in its discretion. "Credit Tenant": The tenant or guarantor under a Credit Tenant Lease with a credit rating of BBB- or better by at least two (2) Rating Agencies. Annex I-7 "Credit Tenant Lease": A financeable lease of Commercial Real Estate, which lease is a triple net lease (i.e., the tenant is responsible for all maintenance, insurance and taxes), a double net lease (i.e., the tenant is responsible for all taxes and insurance) or is a bondable lease. "Current Appraisal": An appraisal dated within twelve (12) months of the date of determination; provided, however, (i) in the case of the valuation of an Underlying Mortgaged Property, such appraisal shall be a FIRREA Appraisal and (ii) in the case of the valuation of a Mortgage Asset, such appraisal shall be from a nationally recognized appraisal firm (other than the Seller, the Guarantor or any Affiliate of the foregoing) (A) with substantial experience valuing assets similar in type, size and structure to the Mortgage Asset in question, (B) having substantial familiarity with the market for such Mortgage Asset and (C) that is otherwise acceptable to the Buyer in its discretion. "Custodial Agreement": That Custodial Agreement, dated as of even date herewith, by and among the Buyer, the Seller and the Custodian, as the same shall be amended, modified, waived, supplemented, extended, replaced or restated from time to time. "Custodial Fee Letter": The Custodial Fee Letter (if any), dated as of even date herewith, among the Seller and the Custodian, as such letter may be amended, modified, waived, supplemented, extended, restated or replaced from time to time. "Custodial Identification Certificate": Defined in the Custodial Agreement. "Custodian": Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, and its successor in interest as the custodian under the Custodial Agreement, and any successor Custodian under the Custodial Agreement. "Debt Service Coverage Ratio" or "DSCR": With respect to any Mortgage Asset or Purchased Asset, as applicable, as of any date of determination, for the period of time to be determined by the Buyer in its reasonable discretion (it being understood that it is the Buyer's intent to make the determination based on the period of twelve (12) consecutive complete calendar months preceding such date (or, if such Mortgage Asset was originated less than twelve (12) months from the date of determination, the number of months from the date of origination), the ratio of (a) the aggregate Net Cash Flow in respect of the Underlying Mortgaged Properties relating to such Mortgage Asset or Purchased Asset, as applicable, for such period to (b) the sum of (i) the aggregate amount of all amounts due for such period in respect of all Indebtedness that was outstanding from time to time during such period that is secured, directly or indirectly, by such Underlying Mortgaged Properties (including, without limitation, by way of a pledge of the equity of the owner(s) of such Underlying Mortgaged Properties) or that is otherwise owing by the owner(s) of such Underlying Mortgaged Properties, including, without limitation, all scheduled principal and/or interest payments due for such period in respect of each Mortgage Asset or Purchased Asset, as applicable, that is secured or supported by such Underlying Mortgaged Properties plus (ii) the amount of all Ground Lease payments to be made in respect of such Underlying Mortgaged Properties during such period, as any of the foregoing elements of DSCR may be adjusted by the Buyer as determined by the Buyer in its discretion; provided, however, that, with respect to Junior Interests, Mezzanine Loans, Bridge Loans and Subordinate CTL Loans that are also Junior Interests or Mezzanine Loans, all such calculations shall be made taking into account any senior or pari passu debt or other obligations, including debt or other obligations secured directly or indirectly by the applicable Underlying Mortgaged Property; provided, further, however, the DSCR shall not be less than the Minimum DSCR. "Default": Any event which, with, as applicable, the giving of notice or the lapse of time or both, would constitute an Event of Default. Annex I-8 "Defaulted Mortgage Asset": Any Mortgage Asset (a) that is ninety (90) days or more delinquent or (b) for which there is a non-monetary default (beyond any applicable notice and cure period) under the related Mortgage Loan Documents. "Delinquent Mortgage Asset": A Mortgage Asset that is thirty (30) or more days, but less than ninety (90) days, delinquent under the related Mortgage Loan Documents. "Derivatives Contract": Any and all rate swap transactions, basis swaps, credit derivative transactions, forward rate transactions, commodity swaps, commodity options, forward commodity contracts, equity or equity index swaps or options, bond or bond price or bond index swaps or options or forward bond or forward bond price or forward bond index transactions, interest rate options, forward foreign exchange transactions, cap transactions, floor transactions, collar transactions, currency swap transactions, cross-currency rate swap transactions, currency options, spot contracts, or any other similar transactions or any combination of any of the foregoing (including any options to enter into any of the foregoing), whether or not any such transaction is governed by or subject to any master agreement. Not in limitation of the foregoing, the term "Derivatives Contract" includes any and all transactions of any kind, and the related confirmations, which are subject to the terms and conditions of, or governed by, any form of master agreement published by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc., any International Foreign Exchange Master Agreement, or any other master agreement, including any such obligations or liabilities under any such master agreement. "Derivatives Termination Value": Means, in respect of any one or more Derivatives Contracts, after taking into account the effect of any legally enforceable netting agreement relating to such Derivatives Contracts, (a) for any date on or after the date such Derivatives Contracts have been closed out and termination value(s) determined in accordance therewith, such termination value(s), and (b) for any date prior to the date referenced in clause (a), the amount(s) determined as the mark-to-market value(s) for such Derivatives Contracts, as determined based upon one or more mid-market or other readily available quotations provided by any recognized dealer in such Derivatives Contracts (which may include the Buyer). "Dollars" and "$": Lawful money of the United States. "Electronic Transmission": The delivery of information and executed documents in an electronic format acceptable to the applicable recipient thereof. "Eligible Asset": A Mortgage Asset that, as of any date of determination, (i) is not a Defaulted Mortgage Asset or Delinquent Mortgage Asset; (ii) satisfies each of the eligibility criteria set forth on Schedule 1 hereto in all material respects; (iii) with respect to the portion of such Mortgage Asset to be acquired by the Buyer, the funding obligations have been satisfied in full and there is no unfunded commitment with respect thereto (unless otherwise approved by the Buyer in its discretion); (iv) has been approved in writing by the Buyer in its discretion; (v) has, to the extent applicable, an LTV not in excess of the Maximum LTV; (vi) has, to the extent applicable, a DSCR equal to or greater than the Minimum DSCR; (vii) is not a construction loan; (viii) is not a loan to an operating business (other than a hotel); (ix) the purchase of such Eligible Asset will not violate any applicable Sub-Limit; (x) the Underlying Mortgage Property and the Borrower and its Affiliates are domiciled in the United States; and (xi) such Mortgage Asset is denominated and payable in Dollars; provided, however, notwithstanding a Mortgage Asset's failure to conform to the criteria set forth above (including, without limitation, a Mortgage Asset with a single or split rating by a Rating Agency), the Buyer may, in its discretion and subject to such terms, conditions and requirements and Advance Rate and Pricing Spread adjustments as the Buyer may require in its discretion, designate in writing any such non-compliant Mortgage Asset as an Eligible Asset, which designation shall not be deemed a waiver of the requirement that all other Purchased Assets and all other Annex I-9 Mortgage Assets submitted for purchase by the Buyer, whether existing or in the future, must be Eligible Assets. "Engagement Letter": That certain letter agreement, dated as of June 2, 2005, among the Buyer and the Seller, as the same may be amended, modified, restated, replaced, waived, substituted, supplemented or extended from time to time. "Environmental Laws": Any and all Applicable Laws and all other foreign, federal, state and local laws, statutes, ordinances, rules, regulations, permits, licenses, approvals, interpretations and orders of courts or Governmental Authorities, relating to the protection of human health or the environment, including, but not limited to, requirements pertaining to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transportation, handling, reporting, licensing, permitting, investigation or remediation of hazardous materials. Environmental Laws include, without limitation, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (42 U.S.C. Section 9601 et seq.), the Hazardous Material Transportation Act (49 U.S.C. Section 331 et seq.), the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (42 U.S.C. Section 6901 et seq.), the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. Section 1251 et seq.), the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. Section 7401 et seq.), the Toxic Substances Control Act (15 U.S.C. Section 2601 et seq.), the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. Section 300, et seq.), the Environmental Protection Agency's regulations relating to underground storage tanks (40 C.F.R. Parts 280 and 281), and the Occupational Safety and Health Act (29 U.S.C. Section 651 et seq.), and the rules and regulations thereunder, each as amended, modified, waived, supplemented, extended, restated or replaced from time to time. "Equity Interests": Defined in the Pledge and Security Agreement. "ERISA": The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as the same are amended from time to time, and the regulations promulgated and rulings issued thereunder, as the same are amended from time to time. "ERISA Affiliate": (a) Any corporation that is a member of the same controlled group of corporations (within the meaning of Section 414(b) of the Code) as the Seller or the Guarantor, (b) a trade or business (whether or not incorporated) under common control (within the meaning of Section 414(c) of the Code) with the Seller or the Guarantor, or (c) a member of the same affiliated service group (within the meaning of Section 414(m) of the Code) as the Seller, the Guarantor, any corporation described in clause (a) above or any trade or business described in clause (b) above. "Eurocurrency Liabilities": Defined in Regulation D of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, as in effect and amended from time to time. "Eurodollar Disruption Event": The occurrence of any of the following: (a) the Buyer or any other Affected Party has determined that it would be contrary to law or to the directive of any central bank or other Governmental Authority (whether or not having the force of law) to obtain United States dollars in the London interbank market to fund any Transaction, (b) the inability, for any reason, of the Buyer or any other Affected Party to determine the Adjusted Eurodollar Rate, (c) the Buyer or any other Affected Party shall have determined that the rate at which deposits of United States dollars are being offered to the Buyer or any other Affected Party in the London interbank market does not accurately reflect the cost to the Buyer or such other Affected Party of making, funding or maintaining any Transaction, or (d) the inability of the Buyer or any other Affected Party to obtain United States dollars in the London interbank market to make, fund or maintain any Transaction. "Eurodollar Period": With respect to any Transaction, (i) initially, the period commencing on the Purchase Date with respect to such Transaction and ending on the earlier of (x) the related Repurchase Annex I-10 Date and (y) one-month from such Purchase Date, and (ii) thereafter, each period commencing on the day following the last day of the preceding Eurodollar Period applicable to such Transaction and ending on the earliest of (x) the related Repurchase Date, (y) the date that is one-month thereafter, or (z) the Facility Maturity Date. "Eurodollar Rate": With respect to each Eurodollar Period during which a Transaction is outstanding, the rate per annum equal to the rate appearing at page 3750 of the Telerate Screen as one-month LIBOR, at or about 9:00 a.m., Charlotte, North Carolina time, three (3) Business Days prior to the beginning of such Eurodollar Period (and if such date is not a Business Day, the Eurodollar Rate in effect on the Business Day immediately preceding such date), or, if no such rate appears on Telerate page 3750 at such time and day, then the Eurodollar Rate shall be determined by Wachovia at its principal office in Charlotte, North Carolina as its rate (each such determination, absent manifest error, to be conclusive and binding on all parties hereto and their assignees) at which thirty (30) day deposits in United States Dollars are being, have been, or would be offered or quoted by Wachovia to major banks in the applicable interbank market for Eurodollar deposits at or about 11:00 a.m. on such day. The Buyer's determination of Eurodollar Rate shall be conclusive upon the parties absent manifest error on the part of the Buyer. "Eurodollar Reserve Percentage": For any period means the percentage, if any, applicable during such period (or, if more than one such percentage shall be so applicable, the daily average of such percentages for those days in such period during which any such percentage shall be so applicable) under regulations issued from time to time by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (or any successor) for determining the maximum reserve requirement (including, without limitation, any basic, emergency, supplemental, marginal or other reserve requirements) with respect to liabilities or assets consisting of or including Eurocurrency Liabilities having a term equal to the applicable Eurodollar Period. "Event of Default": Defined in Paragraph 11 of this Repurchase Agreement. "Exception": Defined in the Custodial Agreement. "Excepted Persons": Defined in Section 14(a) of this Repurchase Agreement. "Exchange Act": The Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time. "Extension Fee": Defined in the Fee Letter. "Facility": The facility evidenced by and the Transactions contemplated under the Repurchase Documents. "Facility Maturity Date": Subject to Paragraph 11 of the Repurchase Agreement, the earlier of (a) July 12, 2008, as such original Facility Maturity Date may be extended pursuant to Paragraph 3(c) of this Repurchase Agreement or (b) the date on which this Repurchase Agreement shall terminate in accordance with the provisions hereof or by operation of Applicable Law. "Federal Funds Rate": For any period, a fluctuating interest rate per annum equal for each day during such period to the weighted average of the overnight federal funds rates as in Federal Reserve Board Statistical Release H.15(519) or any successor or substitute publication selected by the Buyer (or, if such day is not a Business Day, for the next succeeding Business Day), or, if, for any reason, such rate is not available on any day, the rate determined, in the sole opinion of the Buyer, to be the rate at which overnight federal funds are being offered in the national federal funds market at 9:00 a.m. Annex I-11 "Fee Letter": The Fee Letter, dated as of even date herewith, between the Buyer and the Seller, as amended, modified, waived, supplemented, extended, restated or replaced from time to time. "Financial Covenants": The covenants contained in Section 5(s). "FIRREA Appraisal": An appraisal prepared by an independent third party appraiser approved in writing by the Buyer in its discretion and satisfying the requirements of Title XI of the Federal Institutions, Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989 and the regulations promulgated thereunder (as the foregoing are amended, modified, restated, replaced, waived, substituted, supplemented or extended from time to time), as in effect on the date of such appraisal. "Fitch": Fitch Ratings, Inc. "Foreclosed Loan": A loan the security for which has been foreclosed upon by the applicable Person. "40 Act": The Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended from time to time. "GAAP": Generally accepted accounting principles as in effect from time to time in the United States, consistently applied. "Governing Documents": As to any Person, as applicable, the articles or certificate of incorporation or formation, by-laws, limited liability company agreement, general partnership agreement, limited partnership agreement, trust agreement, joint venture agreement, resolutions and other applicable organizational or governing documents of such Person. "Governmental Authority": Any nation or government, any state or other political subdivision thereof, any central bank (or similar monetary or regulatory authority) thereof, any body or entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, regulatory or administrative functions of or pertaining to government, any court or arbitrator having jurisdiction over such Person, any of its Subsidiaries or any of its Properties, and any accounting board or authority (whether or not a part of government) that is responsible for the establishment or interpretation of national or international accounting principles, in each case whether foreign or domestic. "Ground Lease": With respect to any Commercial Real Estate Loan for which the Borrower has a leasehold interest in the related Underlying Mortgaged Property or space lease within such Underlying Mortgaged Property, the lease agreement creating such leasehold interest. "Guarantee Obligation": Means, as to any Person (the "guaranteeing person"), without duplication, any obligation of (a) the guaranteeing person or (b) another Person (including, without limitation, any bank under any letter of credit) to induce the creation of the obligations for which the guaranteeing person has issued a reimbursement, counterindemnity or similar obligation, in either case guaranteeing or in effect guaranteeing any Indebtedness, leases, dividends, Contractual Obligation, Derivatives Contract or other obligations (the "primary obligations") of any other third Person (the "primary obligor") in any manner, whether directly or indirectly, including, without limitation, any obligation of the guaranteeing person, whether or not contingent, (i) to purchase any such primary obligation or any property constituting direct or indirect security therefor, (ii) to advance or supply funds (1) for the purchase or payment of any such primary obligation or (2) to maintain working capital or equity capital of the primary obligor or otherwise to maintain the net worth or solvency of the primary obligor, (iii) to purchase property, securities or services primarily for the purpose of assuring the owner of any such primary obligation of the ability of the primary obligor to make payment of such primary obligation or (iv) otherwise to assure or hold harmless the owner of any such primary obligation against loss in respect thereof; provided, however, that Annex I-12 the term Guarantee Obligation shall not include endorsements of instruments for deposit or collection in the ordinary course of business. The amount of any Guarantee Obligation of any guaranteeing person shall be deemed to be the maximum stated amount of the primary obligation relating to such Guarantee Obligation (or, if less, the maximum stated liability set forth in the instrument embodying such Guarantee Obligation); provided, however, that in the absence of any such stated amount or stated liability, the amount of such Guarantee Obligation shall be such guaranteeing person's maximum reasonably anticipated liability in respect thereof as reasonably determined by such Person in good faith. "Guarantor": NorthStar Realty Finance Corp., as the guarantor under the Guaranty, together with its successors and permitted assigns. "Guaranty": The Limited Guaranty, dated as of the date hereof, executed by the Guarantor in favor of the Buyer, as such agreement is amended, modified, restated, replaced, waived, substituted, supplemented or extended from time to time. "Income": With respect to each Purchased Item, at any time, all of the following: collections, prepayments, recoveries, insurance and condemnation proceeds and all other payments or proceeds on or in respect of the Purchased Assets to which the Seller or the holder thereof is entitled, including, without limitation, any principal thereof then payable and all interest, fees, prepayment fees, premiums, extension fees, exit fees, yield maintenance charges, defeasance fees, transfer fees, penalties, default interest, late fees, late charges, dividends, gains, receipts, allocations, profits, payments in kind, returns or repayment of contributions and all other distributions and payments of any kind or nature whatsoever payable thereon, in connection therewith, or with respect thereto and amounts received from any Interest Rate Protection Agreement, including, without limitation, Net Swap Receipts and Swap Breakage Receipts, provided, however, Income shall not include any Borrower Reserve Payments unless the Seller, a Servicer or a PSA Servicer has exercised rights with respect to such payments under the terms of the related Mortgage Loan Documents, the Servicing Agreements or the Pooling and Servicing Agreements, as applicable. "Increased Costs": Any amounts required to be paid by the Seller to any Affected Party pursuant to Paragraph 3(i) of this Repurchase Agreement. "Indebtedness": Means, with respect to any Person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries determined on a consolidated basis, at the time of computation thereof, all of the following (without duplication): (a) all obligations of such Person in respect of money borrowed (including without limitation principal, interest, assumption fees, prepayment fees, yield maintenance charges, penalties, contingent interest and all other monetary obligations whether choate or inchoate); (b) all obligations of such Person, whether or not for money borrowed (i) represented by notes payable, letters of credit, or drafts accepted, in each case representing extensions of credit, (ii) evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or similar instruments, (iii) constituting purchase money indebtedness, conditional sales contracts, title retention debt instruments or other similar instruments, upon which interest charges are customarily paid or that are issued or assumed as full or partial payment for property or services rendered or (iv) in connection with the issuance of preferred equity or trust preferred securities; (c) Capital Lease Obligations of such Person; (d) all Off-Balance Sheet Obligations of such Person (other than non-recourse indebtedness incurred in connection with any CDO securitization transaction); (e) all obligations of such Person to purchase, redeem, retire, defease or otherwise make any payment in respect of any Mandatory Redeemable Stock issued by such Person or any other Person (inclusive of forward equity contracts), valued at the greater of its voluntary or involuntary liquidation preference plus accrued and unpaid dividends; (f) as applicable, all obligations of such Person (but not the obligation of others) in respect of any keep well arrangements, credit enhancements, contingent or future funding obligations under any Eligible Asset or any obligation senior to the Eligible Asset, unfunded interest reserve amount under any Eligible Asset or any obligation Annex I-13 that is senior to the Eligible Asset, purchase obligation, repurchase obligation, takeout commitment or forward equity commitment, in each case evidenced by a binding agreement (excluding any such obligation to the extent the obligation can be satisfied by the issuance of Capital Stock (other than Mandatory Redeemable Stock)); (g) net obligations under any Derivative Contract not entered into as a hedge against existing Indebtedness, in an amount equal to the Derivatives Termination Value thereof; (h) all Indebtedness of other Persons which such Person has guaranteed or is otherwise recourse to such Person (except for guaranties of customary exceptions for fraud, misapplication of funds, environmental indemnities and other similar exceptions to recourse liability (but not exceptions relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or other similar events)); (i) all Indebtedness of another Person secured by (or for which the holder of such Indebtedness has an existing right, contingent or otherwise, to be secured by) any Lien (other than certain Permitted Liens) on property or assets owned by such Person, even though such Person has not assumed or become liable for the payment of such Indebtedness or other payment obligation; provided, however, if such Person has not assumed or become liable for the payment of such Indebtedness, then for the purposes of this definition the amount of such Indebtedness shall not exceed the market value of the property subject to such Lien). "Indemnified Party": Defined in Section 11(a) of this Repurchase Agreement. "Indemnified Amounts": Defined in Section 11(a) of this Repurchase Agreement. "Independent Director": A natural Person who (a) is not at the time of initial appointment as Independent Director, and may not have been at any time during the five (5) years preceding such initial appointment or at any time while serving as Independent Director, (i) a stockholder, partner, member or direct or indirect legal or beneficial owner of the Seller, the Guarantor or any Affiliate of the Seller or the Guarantor; (ii) a contractor, creditor, customer, supplier, director (with the exception of serving as the Independent Director of the Seller), officer, employee, attorney, manager or other Person who derives any of its purchases or revenues from its activities with the Seller, the Guarantor or any Affiliate of the Seller or the Guarantor; (iii) a natural Person who controls (directly or indirectly or otherwise) the Seller, the Guarantor or any Affiliate of the Seller or Guarantor or who controls or is under common control with any Person that would be excluded from serving as an Independent Director under (i) or (ii), above; or (iv) a member of the immediate family of a natural Person excluded from servicing as an Independent Director under (i) or (ii) above and (b) otherwise satisfies the then current requirements of the Rating Agencies. A Person who is an employee of a nationally recognized organization that supplies independent directors and who otherwise satisfies the criteria in clause (a) but for the fact that such organization receives payment from Seller or Guarantor for providing such independent director shall not be disqualified from serving as an Independent Director hereunder. "Insolvency Laws": The Bankruptcy Code and all other applicable liquidation, conservatorship, bankruptcy, moratorium, rearrangement, receivership, insolvency, reorganization, suspension of payments or similar debtor relief laws from time to time in effect affecting the rights of creditors generally. "Insolvency Proceeding": Any case, action or proceeding before any court or other Governmental Authority relating to any Act of Insolvency. "Interest Expense": Means for any period, total interest expense, both expensed and capitalized, of the Seller for such period with respect to all outstanding Indebtedness of the Seller (including, without limitation, all commissions, discounts and other fees and charges owed with respect to letters of credit and bankers' acceptance financing and net costs under interest rate protection agreements), determined in accordance with GAAP, net of interest income of the Seller for such period (determined in accordance with GAAP). Annex I-14 "Interest Rate Protection Agreement": With respect to any or all of the Mortgage Assets and Purchased Assets, as applicable, (i) any Derivatives Contract required under the terms of the related Mortgage Loan Documents providing for protection against fluctuations in interest rates or the exchange of nominal interest obligations, either generally or under specific contingencies, and acceptable to the Buyer in its reasonable discretion, which Interest Rate Protection Agreement shall be performed, maintained and in place in accordance with the terms of the Mortgage Loan Documents, and (ii) any Derivatives Contract put in place by the Seller, the Guarantor or any Affiliate of the foregoing with respect to any Mortgage Asset or Purchased Asset, as applicable, including, without limitation, the Swap Documents, which Interest Rate Protection Agreement shall be performed, maintained and in place during the time the related Purchased Asset is subject to a Transaction under this Repurchase Agreement. "Junior Interest": (a) A senior, pari passu or junior participation interest in a performing Commercial Real Estate Loan or (b) a "subordinate note or certificate" in an "A/B" or similar structure in a performing Commercial Real Estate Loan. "Junior Interest Note": The original executed promissory note, Participation Certificate, Participation Agreement and any other evidence of a Junior Interest, as applicable. "Late Payment Fee": Defined in Paragraph 3(e)(i) of this Repurchase Agreement. "Lien": Any mortgage, lien, pledge, charge, right, claim, security interest or encumbrance of any kind of or on any Person's assets or properties in favor of any other Person (including any UCC financing statement or any similar instrument filed against such Person's assets or properties). "Liquidity": An amount equal to the (a) sum of (without duplication) the amount of unrestricted cash and unrestricted Cash Equivalents, solely to the extent that such amounts exceed the amounts necessary to satisfy at such time all of the Financial Covenants hereunder and to the extent the Seller continues to be in compliance thereof, less, (b) amounts necessary to satisfy Margin Deficits under this Repurchase Agreement. "Loan-to-Value Ratio" or "LTV": With respect to any Mortgage Asset or Purchased Asset (other than any CMBS Security), as applicable, as of any date of determination, the ratio of the outstanding principal amount of such Mortgage Asset or Purchased Asset, as applicable, to the market value of the related Underlying Mortgaged Property at such time, as determined by the Buyer, (i) in connection with the initial purchase of a Mortgage Asset only and to the extent a Current Appraisal is available, based on the Current Appraisal, as the LTV may be adjusted by the Buyer as the Buyer determines in its discretion, and, (ii) in all other cases, as the Buyer may determine in its discretion based on such sources of information as the Buyer may determine to rely on in its discretion; provided, however, that, with respect to Junior Interests, Mezzanine Loans, Bridge Loans and Subordinate CTL Loans that are also Junior Interests or Mezzanine Loans, all such calculations shall be made taking into account any senior or pari passu debt or other obligations, including debt or other obligations secured directly or indirectly by the applicable Underlying Mortgaged Property; provided, further, however, the LTV shall not exceed the Maximum LTV. "Mandatory Redeemable Stock": Means, with respect to any Person and any Subsidiary thereof, any Capital Stock of such Person which by the terms of such Capital Stock (or by the terms of any security into which it is convertible or for which it is exchangeable or exercisable), upon the happening of any event or otherwise (a) matures or is required to be redeemed, pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise (other than an Capital Stock to the extent redeemable in exchange for common stock or other equivalent common Capital Stock), (b) is convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for Indebtedness or Mandatory Redeemable Stock, or (c) is redeemable at the option of the holder thereof, in whole or in Annex I-15 part (other than any Capital Stock which is redeemable solely in exchange for common stock or other equivalent common Capital Stock); in each case, on or prior to the Facility Maturity Date. "Margin Amount": With respect to any CMBS Security, the amount obtained by application of the applicable Margin Percentage to the Repurchase Price for such CMBS Security as of any date of determination. "Margin Base": On any day, the aggregate Asset Value of all Purchased Assets or certain specified Purchased Assets, as applicable. "Margin Correction Deadline": 3 p.m. on the second Business Day after any Margin Deficit Notice is delivered by the Buyer. "Margin Deficit": Defined in Paragraph 4(a) of this Repurchase Agreement. "Margin Deficit Notice": Defined in Paragraph 4 (a) of this Repurchase Agreement. "Margin Percentage": With respect to any CMBS Security, the percentage obtained by dividing the Asset Value of such CMBS Security on the Purchase Date by the Purchase Price on the Purchase Date for such Transaction. "Market Value": As of any date in respect of any Mortgage Asset or Purchased Asset, as applicable, the price at which such Mortgage Asset or Purchased Asset, as applicable, could readily be sold, as determined by the Buyer (i) in connection with the initial purchase of a Mortgage Asset only and to the extent a Current Appraisal is available, based on the Current Appraisal value, and, (ii) in all other cases, as the Buyer may determine in its discretion and in good faith based on such sources and information as the Buyer may determine to rely on in its discretion (which value may be determined to be zero), as such Market Value may be adjusted by the Buyer as the Buyer determines in its discretion. "Material Adverse Effect": A material adverse effect on (a) the financial condition or credit quality of the Seller or the Guarantor, (b) the ability of the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor to perform its obligations under any of the Repurchase Documents or Mortgage Loan Documents to which it is a party, (c) the validity or enforceability of any of the Repurchase Documents, (d) the rights and remedies of the Buyer or the Swap Counterparty under any of the Repurchase Documents, (e) the timely payment of any amounts payable under the Repurchase Documents or Mortgage Loan Documents, or (f) the Asset Value of the Purchased Assets; provided, however, the occurrence of an event under clause (e) or (f) of this definition of Material Adverse Effect shall not, in and of itself, constitute an Event of Default under Paragraph 11(v), but such occurrence may be or form the basis for an Event of Default under other provisions of Paragraph 11 other than Paragraph 11(v). "Materials of Environmental Concern": Any mold, petroleum (including, without limitation, crude oil or any fraction thereof) or petroleum products (including, without limitation, gasoline), or any hazardous or toxic substances, materials or wastes, defined as such in or regulated under any Environmental Law, including, without limitation, asbestos, polychlorinated biphenyls and urea-formaldehyde insulation. "Maximum Amount": Means $150,000,000, as such amount may, pursuant to a written request of the Seller during the Commitment Period, be increased in the Buyer's discretion (but in all events subject to the Buyer obtaining internal credit approval) up to but not in excess of $300,000,000; provided, however, on and after the Facility Maturity Date, the Maximum Amount shall mean the aggregate Purchase Price outstanding for all Transactions. Annex I-16 "Maximum LTV": With respect to any Eligible Asset (other than any CMBS Security) at any time, the Loan-to-Value Ratio for the related Underlying Mortgaged Property set forth on Schedule 1 to the Fee Letter under the heading "End LTV" for the applicable Class of such Mortgage Asset and, as applicable, the applicable Type of Underlying Mortgaged Property; provided, however, with respect to Junior Interests, Mezzanine Loans, Bridge Loans and Subordinate CTL Loans that are Junior Interests or Mezzanine Loans, the Maximum LTV shall take into account any senior or pari passu debt or other obligations, including debt or other obligations secured directly or indirectly by the applicable Underlying Mortgaged Property. "Mezzanine Loan": A performing mezzanine loan secured by a first priority perfected lien and pledge of the Capital Stock of the Person that owns directly or indirectly income producing Commercial Real Estate that is performing; provided, however, on a case by case basis, and in the Buyer's discretion and subject to such terms, conditions and requirements and Advance Rate and Pricing Spread adjustments as the Buyer may require in its discretion, the Buyer may (but is not required to) consider purchasing a Mezzanine Loan that is secured by less than all of the Capital Stock of the Person that owns directly or indirectly income producing Commercial Real Estate. "Mezzanine Note": The original executed promissory note or other evidence of Mezzanine Loan indebtedness. "Minimum DSCR": With respect to any Mortgage Asset or Purchased Asset (other than any CMBS Security), as applicable, at any time, the DSCR for the related Underlying Mortgaged Property set forth on Schedule 1 to the Fee Letter under the heading "In-Place DSCR" for the applicable Class of such Mortgage Asset and, as applicable, the applicable Type of Underlying Mortgaged Property; provided, however, with respect to Junior Interests, Mezzanine Loans, Bridge Loans and Subordinate CTL Loans that are Junior Interests or Mezzanine Loans, the Minimum DSCR shall take into account any senior or pari passu debt or other obligations, including debt or other obligations secured directly or indirectly by the applicable Underlying Property. "Moody's": Moody's Investors Service, Inc., and any successor thereto. "Mortgage": Each mortgage, assignment of rents, security agreement and fixture filing, or deed of trust, assignment of rents, security agreement and fixture filing, or similar instrument creating and evidencing a Lien on real property, fixtures and other property and rights incidental thereto. "Mortgage Asset": A Whole Loan, a Junior Interest, a Mezzanine Loan, a Bridge Loan, a CMBS Security, a CTL Loan, a Subordinate CTL Loan or Senior Secured Bank Debt, (i) the Underlying Mortgaged Property for which is included in the categories for Types of Mortgage Assets, (ii) that is listed on a Confirmation and (iii) for which the Custodian has been instructed by the Seller to hold the related Mortgage Asset File for the Buyer pursuant to the Custodial Agreement; provided, however, Mortgage Assets shall not include any Retained Interest (if any) (unless approved by the Buyer in its discretion). "Mortgage Asset File": Defined in the Custodial Agreement. "Mortgage Loan Documents": Defined in the Custodial Agreement. "Mortgage Note": The original executed promissory note or other evidence of the Indebtedness of a Borrower with respect to a Mortgage Asset. Annex I-17 "Mortgaged Property": The Commercial Real Estate (including all improvements, buildings, fixtures, building equipment and personal property thereon and all additions, alterations and replacements made at any time with respect to the foregoing and any Credit Tenant Lease to which such real property is subject) and all other collateral securing repayment of the related debt evidenced by a Mortgage Note, a Junior Interest Note or other note, certificate or debt instrument. "Net Cash Flow": With respect to any Underlying Mortgaged Property, for any period, the net income (or deficit) attributable to such Underlying Mortgaged Property for such period, determined in accordance with GAAP (and if such Property is subject to a Credit Tenant Lease, the net rents paid during such period under such lease), less the amount of all (a) capital expenditures incurred, (b) reserves established, (c) leasing commissions paid (other than commissions paid from reserves held under the Mortgage Loan Documents) and (d) tenant improvements paid during such period (other than tenant improvements paid from reserves held under the Mortgage Loan Documents) in each case attributable to such Underlying Mortgaged Property, plus all non-cash charges deducted in the calculation of such net income. "Net Income": With respect to any Person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries for any period, the net income of such Person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries determined on a consolidated basis for such period as determined in accordance with GAAP. "Net Swap Payments": With respect to each Payment Date, the excess, if any, of (a) the monthly payments by the Seller to the Swap Counterparty under the Swap Documents and any interest accrued thereon over (b) the monthly payments by the Swap Counterparty to the Seller under the Swap Documents and any interest accrued thereon. "Net Swap Receipts": With respect to each Payment Date, the excess, if any, of (a) the monthly payments by the Swap Counterparty to the Seller under the Swap Documents and any interest accrued thereon over (b) the monthly payments by the Seller to the Swap Counterparty under the Swap Documents and any interest accrued thereon. "Non-Recourse Indebtedness": Means, with respect to any Person, Indebtedness for borrowed money in respect of which recourse for payment (except for customary exceptions for fraud, misapplication of funds, environmental indemnities, and other similar exceptions to non-recourse provisions (but not exceptions relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or other similar events)) is contractually limited to specific assets of such Person encumbered by a Lien securing such Indebtedness. "Non-Table Funded Purchased Asset": A Purchased Asset that is not a Table Funded Purchased Asset. "Non-Wachovia Assets": Any Mortgage Asset issued or extended by a Person other than Wachovia Corporation or an Affiliate of Wachovia Corporation. "Obligations": Defined in Paragraph 6(a)(ii) of this Repurchase Agreement. "Off-Balance Sheet Obligations": With respect to any Person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries determined on a consolidated basis as of any date of determination thereof, without duplication and to the extent not included as a liability on the consolidated balance sheet of such Person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries in accordance with GAAP: (a) the monetary obligations under any financing lease or so-called "synthetic," tax retention or off-balance sheet lease transaction which, upon the application of any Insolvency Laws to such Person or any of its Consolidated Subsidiaries, would be characterized as indebtedness; (b) the monetary obligations under any sale and leaseback transaction which does not create a liability on the consolidated balance sheet of such Person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries; or (c) any other monetary obligation arising with respect to any other transaction which (i) is characterized as Annex I-18 indebtedness for tax purposes but not for accounting purposes in accordance with GAAP or (ii) is the functional equivalent of or takes the place of borrowing but which does not constitute a liability on the consolidated balance sheet of such Person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries (for purposes of this clause (c), any transaction structured to provide tax deductibility as interest expense of any dividend, coupon or other periodic payment will be deemed to be the functional equivalent of a borrowing). "Officer's Certificate": A certificate signed by a Responsible Officer of the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor, as applicable. "Operating Company": An "operating company" within the meaning of 29 C.F.R. 2510.3-101(c) of the regulations of the U.S. Department of Labor. "Opinion of Counsel": A written opinion of counsel, which opinion and counsel are acceptable to the Buyer in its reasonable discretion. "Originator": With respect to each Mortgage Asset, the Person who originated such Mortgage Asset. "Participation Agreement": With respect to any Junior Interest, any executed participation agreement, sub-participation agreement or similar agreement under which the Junior Interest is created, evidenced, issued and/or guaranteed. "Participation Certificate": With respect to any Junior Interest, an executed certificate, note, instrument or other document representing the participation interest or sub-participation interest granted under a Participation Agreement. "Payment Date": The 15th day of each calendar month, or, if such day is not a Business Day, the next Business Day. "Periodic Advance Repurchase Payment": Defined in Paragraph 3(e)(i) of this Repurchase Agreement. "Permitted Investments": Investments of any one or more of the following types: (a) marketable obligations of the United States, the full and timely payment of which are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States of America and that have a maturity of not more than 270 days from the date of acquisition; (b) marketable obligations, the full and timely payment of which are directly and fully guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the United States and that have a maturity of not more than 270 days from the date of acquisition; (c) bankers' acceptances and certificates of deposit and other interest-bearing obligations (in each case having a maturity of not more than 270 days from the date of acquisition) denominated in Dollars and issued by any bank with capital, surplus and undivided profits aggregating at least $100,000,000, the short-term obligations of which are rated of least A-1 by S&P and P-1 by Moody's; (d) repurchase obligations with a term of not more than ten (10) days for underlying securities of the types described in clauses (a), (b) and (c) above entered into with any bank of the type described in clause (c) above; (e) commercial paper rated at least A-1 by S&P and P-1 by Moody's; (f) demand deposits, time deposits or certificates of deposit (having original maturities of no more than 365 days) of depository institutions or trust companies incorporated under the laws of the United States of America or any state thereof (or domestic branches of any foreign bank) and subject to supervision and examination by federal or state banking or depository institution authorities; provided, however, that at the time such investment, or the commitment to make such investment, is entered into, the short-term debt rating of such depository institution or trust company shall be at least A-1 by S&P and P-1 by Moody's; and (g) money market mutual funds possessing the highest available rating from S&P and Moody's. Annex I-19 "Permitted Liens": Any of the following as to which no enforcement, collection, execution, levy or foreclosure proceeding shall have been commenced or threatened: (a) Liens for federal, state, municipal or other local or other Governmental Authority taxes if such taxes shall not at the time be due and payable, (b) Liens imposed by law, such as materialmen's, mechanics', carriers', workmen's and repairmen's Liens and other similar Liens, arising in the ordinary course of business securing obligations that are not overdue for a period of more than thirty (30) days, and (c) Liens granted pursuant to or by the Repurchase Documents. "Person": An individual, partnership, corporation (including a business trust), limited liability company, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated association, sole proprietorship, joint venture, government (or any agency or political subdivision thereof) or other entity. "Plan": Any plan, including single employer and multi-employer plans, to which section 4021(a) of ERISA applies or any retirement medical plan, each as established or maintained for employees of Seller, the Guarantor or any ERISA Affiliate of the Seller or the Guarantor to which Section 4021(a) of ERISA applies. "Plan Asset Regulations": 29 C.F.R. 2510.3-101, et. seq. "Plan Assets": "Plan assets" within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulations. "Pledge and Security Agreement": The Pledge and Security Agreement, dated as of even date herewith, between the Buyer and NRFC Sub-REIT Corp., a Maryland corporation, as such agreement is amended, modified, restated, replaced, waived, substituted, supplemented or extended from time to time. "Pledgor": NRFC Sub-REIT Corp., a Maryland corporation, as the Pledgor under the Pledge and Security Agreement, together with its successors and permitted assigns. "Pooling and Servicing Agreements": Any and all pooling and servicing agreements, trust agreements or indentures governing servicing and other matters entered into in connection with a (i) CMBS Security or (ii) a securitization of a senior interest in a Mortgage Asset, where such securitization transaction is rated by one (1) or more Rating Agencies. "Post-Default Rate": In respect of any day a Transaction is outstanding or any other amount under this Repurchase Agreement or any other Repurchase Document is not paid when due to the Buyer at the stated Repurchase Date or otherwise when due, a rate per annum determined on a 360 day per year basis during the period from and including the due date to but excluding the date on which such amount is paid in full equal to the applicable Rate plus 500 basis points. "Pre-Approved Buyer": A bank, financial institution or similar Person having a rating assigned by S&P of BBB or better (or an equivalent rating assigned by another Rating Agency), Variable Funding Capital Corporation, Atlas Capital Funding, Ltd., Blue Ridge Asset Funding Corporation or any other off-balance sheet vehicle. "Price Differential": For each Accrual Period or portion thereof and each Transaction outstanding, the sum of the products (for each day during such Accrual Period or portion thereof) of: Annex I-20 PR x PP x 1 --- D where: PR = the Pricing Rate applicable on such day; PP = the Purchase Price for such Transaction on such day; and D = 360, provided, however, that (i) no provision of this Repurchase Agreement shall require the payment or permit the collection of any Price Differential in excess of the maximum permitted by Applicable Law and (ii) the Price Differential shall not be considered paid by any distribution if at any time such distribution is rescinded or must otherwise be returned for any reason. "Pricing Rate": With respect to any Transaction, at any date of determination a rate per annum equal to the sum of (a) the applicable Rate on such date plus (b) the applicable Pricing Spread for such Eligible Asset on such date, as such Pricing Spreads are set forth in the Fee Letter. "Pricing Spread": The financing spreads set forth on Schedule 1 to the Fee Letter corresponding to the Classes and, as applicable, Types of Mortgage Assets set forth therein; provided, however, from and after an Event of Default, the Pricing Spread for each Transaction shall automatically be increased by an additional 500 basis points. "Prime Rate": The rate announced by Wachovia from time to time as its prime rate in the United States, such rate to change as and when such designated rate changes. The Prime Rate is not intended to be the lowest rate of interest charged by Wachovia in connection with extensions of credit to debtors. "Property": Any right or interest in or to property of any kind whatsoever, whether real, personal or mixed, and whether tangible or intangible. "PSA Servicer": A third party servicer (other than the Seller, the Guarantor or any Affiliates of the foregoing) servicing all or a portion of the Purchased Assets under a Pooling and Servicing Agreement. "Purchase Agreement": Any purchase agreement by and between the Seller and any third party, including, without limitation, any Affiliate of the Seller, pursuant to which the Seller has purchased Mortgage Assets subsequently sold to the Buyer hereunder. "Purchase Date": The date on which Eligible Assets are transferred by the Seller to the Buyer or, as applicable, the date on which additional advances (if any) are made to the Seller in connection with an existing Purchased Asset in accordance with Paragraph 3(a)(x) of the Repurchase Agreement. "Purchase Price": On each Purchase Date, the price at which Purchased Assets are transferred by the Seller to the Buyer, which amount shall be equal (unless the Seller requests a lesser amount) to the Asset Value for each such Eligible Asset on the Purchase Date, (i) decreased by the amount of any cash transferred by the Seller to the Buyer pursuant to Paragraph 3(b) or 4(a) of this Repurchase Agreement or applied to reduce the Seller's obligations in respect of principal under Paragraph 5 of, or otherwise in accordance with, this Repurchase Agreement and (ii) increased by the amount of any additional advances (if any) under Paragraph 3(a)(x) of the Repurchase Agreement. "Purchased Asset Data Summary": Defined in Section 5(i)(iii) of this Repurchase Agreement. Annex I-21 "Purchased Assets": The Eligible Assets transferred by the Seller to the Buyer pursuant to a Transaction in accordance with the terms of this Repurchase Agreement, including Additional Purchased Assets. "Purchased Items": Defined in Paragraph 6(a)(i) of this Repurchase Agreement. "Rate": For any Accrual Period and for each Transaction outstanding and for each day during such Accrual Period, the rate per annum equal to the Adjusted Eurodollar Rate; provided, however, the Rate for any Accrual Period shall be the Base Rate if a Eurodollar Disruption Event occurs. "Rating Agency": Each of S&P, Moody's, Fitch and any other nationally recognized statistical rating agency that has been requested to issue a rating in connection with the matter at issue, including successors of the foregoing. "Regulations T, U and X": Regulations T, U and X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (or any successor), as the same may be amended from time to time. "Related Party Loan": Any loan, Indebtedness or preferred equity investment identified or presented as a related party loan in such Person's and its Consolidated Subsidiaries' consolidated financial statements or in the notes to the consolidated financial statements, in accordance with GAAP. "REIT": A Person qualifying for treatment as a "real estate investment trust" under the Code. "REMIC": A real estate mortgage investment conduit. "Reportable Event": Any of the events set forth in Section 4043(c) of ERISA or a successor provision thereof, other than those events as to which the notice requirement has been waived by regulation. "Repurchase Date": The earlier of (i) the Facility Maturity Date or (ii) the Business Day on which the Seller is to repurchase the Purchased Assets from the Buyer (a) as specified by the Seller and agreed to by the Buyer in the related Confirmation or, (b) if a Transaction is terminable by the Seller on demand, the date determined in accordance with Paragraph 3(a)(ix) of this Repurchase Agreement, as such date in clauses (ii)(a) and (b) above may be modified by application of the provisions of Paragraph 3 or 11 of this Repurchase Agreement. "Repurchase Documents": This Repurchase Agreement, the Custodial Agreement, the Pledge and Security Agreement, the Account Agreement, the Security Account Control Agreement, the Fee Letter, the Guaranty, the Assignments, the Confirmations, the Custodial Fee Letter, all UCC financing statements (and amendments thereto) filed pursuant to the terms of this Repurchase Agreement or any other Repurchase Document and any additional document, certificate or agreement, the execution of which is necessary or incidental to or desirable for performing or carrying out the terms of the foregoing documents. "Repurchase Obligations": Defined in Paragraph 6(a)(ii) of this Repurchase Agreement. "Repurchase Price": The price at which Purchased Assets are to be transferred from the Buyer or its designee (including the Custodian) to the Seller upon termination of a Transaction, which will be determined in each case (including Transactions terminable upon demand) as the sum of the Purchase Price, the accrued and unpaid Price Differential applicable to each such Transaction as of the date of such determination plus any related Breakage Costs and other amounts owed with respect thereto. Annex I-22 "Responsible Officer": With respect to any Person, any duly authorized officer of such Person with direct responsibility for the administration of the Repurchase Documents and also, with respect to a particular matter, any other duly authorized officer to whom such matter is referred because of such officer's knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject. "Retained Interest": (a) With respect to any Mortgage Asset with an unfunded commitment on the part of the Seller, all of the obligations, if any, to provide additional funding, contributions, payments or credits with respect to such Mortgage Asset, (b) all duties, obligations and liabilities of the Seller under any Mortgage Asset or any related Interest Rate Protection Agreement, including but not limited to any payment or indemnity obligations, and, (c) with respect to any Mortgage Asset that is transferred by the Seller to the Buyer, (i) all of the obligations, if any, of the agent(s), trustee(s), servicer(s) or other similar persons under the documentation evidencing such Mortgage Asset and (ii) the applicable portion of the interests, rights and obligations under the documentation evidencing such Mortgage Asset that relate to such portion(s) of the Indebtedness that is owned by another lender or is being retained by the Seller pursuant to clause (a) of this definition. "S&P": Standard & Poor's, a division of The McGraw Hill Companies, Inc., and any successor thereto. "Security Agreement": With respect to any Mortgage Asset, any contract, instrument or other document related to security for repayment thereof (other than the related Mortgage, Mortgage Note, Mezzanine Note or any other note, certificate or instrument) executed by the Borrower and/or others in connection with such Mortgage Asset, including, without limitation, any security agreement, UCC financing statement, Liens, warranties, guaranty, title insurance policy, hazard insurance policy, chattel mortgage, letter of credit, accounts, bank accounts or certificates of deposit or other pledged accounts, and any other documents and records relating to any of the foregoing. "Securities Account": The securities account set forth on Schedule 2 established in the name of the Buyer into which all CMBS Securities that are Purchased Assets and other Purchased Items related thereto shall be deposited (except those CMBS Securities that are certificated securities within the meaning of Article 8 of the UCC), which Securities Account shall be subject to the Securities Account Control Agreement. Any Income on deposit or credited to the Securities Account shall be transferred by the Buyer from the Securities Account to the Collection Account on or prior to each Payment Date. "Securities Account Control Agreement": A letter agreement among the Seller, the Buyer and Wachovia in the form of Exhibit IV attached hereto. "Seller Asset Schedule": Defined in the Custodial Agreement. "Seller-Related Obligations": Any obligations, liabilities and/or Indebtedness of the Seller and/or any Indebtedness of the Guarantor or the Pledgor under any other arrangement between the Seller, the Guarantor and/or the Pledgor on the one hand and the Buyer, an Affiliate of the Buyer (including, without limitation the obligations, liabilities and Indebtedness under the Swap Documents) and/or any commercial paper conduit for which the Buyer or an Affiliate of the Buyer acts as a liquidity provider, administrator or agent on the other hand. "Seller's Release Letter": Defined in Section 3(b)(xi) of this Repurchase Agreement. "Senior Secured Bank Debt": An assignment of or participation in all or a portion of a secured senior term loan to a Borrower, which loan (a) is rated B- or better by at least two (2) Rating Agencies, (b) is senior or pari passu with other secured obligations of such Borrower and (c) is secured by (i) 100% of the Capital Stock of each existing and subsequently acquired or organized direct or indirect domestic Annex I-23 Subsidiary of the Borrower and (ii) substantially all tangible and intangible assets (including, but not limited to, inventory, accounts receivable, plant, machinery, equipment, fixtures, Commercial Real Estate, leasehold interests, intellectual property, contracts, license rights and other general intangibles and investment property) of the Borrower. Each Senior Secured Bank Debt is subject to such additional underwriting criteria and other terms, conditions and requirements as the Buyer may require in its discretion. "Servicer": A Person (other than the Seller) servicing all or a portion of the Purchased Assets under a Servicing Agreement, which Servicer shall be acceptable to the Buyer in its discretion. "Servicer Account": Any account established by a Servicer or a PSA Servicer in connection with the servicing of the Purchased Assets. "Servicer Notice": The notice from the Seller to a Servicer or PSA Servicer, as applicable, substantially in the form of Exhibit V attached hereto. "Servicing Agreement": An agreement entered into by the Seller and a third party for the servicing of the Purchased Assets, the form and substance of which has been approved in writing by the Buyer in its reasonable discretion. "Servicing File": With respect to each Purchased Asset, the file retained by the Seller consisting of the originals of all documents that are not required to be delivered to the Custodian and copies of all documents in the Mortgage Asset File set forth in Section 3.1 of the Custodial Agreement, which Servicing File shall be held by the Seller or Servicer on behalf of the Buyer. "Servicing Records": Defined in Section 6(b) of this Repurchase Agreement. "Solvent": As to any Person at any time, having a state of affairs such that all of the following conditions are met: (a) the fair value of the Property of such Person is greater than the amount of such Person's liabilities (including disputed, contingent and unliquidated liabilities) as such value is established and liabilities evaluated for purposes of Section 101(32) of the Bankruptcy Code; (b) the present fair salable value of the Property of such Person in an orderly liquidation of such Person is not less than the amount that will be required to pay the probable liability of such Person on its debts as they become absolute and matured; (c) such Person is able to realize upon its Property and pay its debts and other liabilities (including disputed, contingent and unliquidated liabilities) as they mature in the normal course of business; (d) such Person does not intend to, and does not believe that it will, incur debts or liabilities beyond such Person's ability to pay as such debts and liabilities mature; and (e) such Person is not engaged in a business or a transaction, and is not about to engage in a business or a transaction, for which such Person's Property would constitute unreasonably small capital. "Sub-Limit": With respect to the characteristics of the Mortgage Assets or Purchased Assets, as applicable: (a) the aggregate Purchase Price for all outstanding Transactions involving Mezzanine Loans shall not exceed 75% of the Maximum Amount; (b) the aggregate Purchase Price for all outstanding Transactions involving CTL Loans and/or Subordinate CTL Loans shall not exceed 50% of the Maximum Amount; (c) the aggregate Purchase Price for all outstanding Transactions involving Ground Leases shall not exceed 35% of the Maximum Amount; Annex I-24 (d) the aggregate Purchase Price for all outstanding Transactions involving hotels shall not exceed 40% of the Maximum Amount; (e) the aggregate Purchase Price for all outstanding Transactions involving Bridge Loans shall not exceed 35% of the Maximum Amount; (f) the aggregate Purchase Price for all outstanding Transactions involving Underlying Mortgage Properties located in the same metropolitan statistical area shall not exceed 50% of the Maximum Amount; (g) the aggregate Purchase Price for any single outstanding Transaction or for multiple Transactions to a single Borrower (including any Affiliate of a Borrower) shall not exceed 40% of the Maximum Amount; and (h) the aggregate Purchase Price for all outstanding Transactions involving CMBS Securities or Senior Secured Bank Debt rated BB- or below by any Rating Agency shall not exceed 25% of the Maximum Amount. "Subordinate CTL Loan": (i) A loan that is a CTL Loan in all respects except for the failure to satisfy the ratings requirements for a Credit Tenant or (ii) a performing Junior Interest or Mezzanine Loan in which the related senior loan is secured by a first priority perfected security interest in Commercial Real Estate 100% leased to, or guaranteed in full by, a Credit Tenant, and such Junior Interest or Mezzanine Loan, as applicable, itself is secured by a first priority perfected security interest in and to the payments under the Credit Tenant Lease; provided, however, in the case of both clauses (i) and (ii), such Subordinate CTL Loan satisfies such additional underwriting criteria and other terms, conditions and requirements as the Buyer may require in its discretion. "Subsidiary": With respect to any Person, any corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity of which at least a majority of the securities or other ownership interests having by the terms thereof ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the board of directors or other Persons performing similar functions of such corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity (irrespective of whether or not at the time securities or other ownership interests of any other class or classes of such corporation, partnership or other entity shall have or might have voting power by reason of the happening of any contingency) is at the time directly or indirectly owned or controlled by such Person or one or more Subsidiaries of such Person. "Swap Breakage Costs": For any Swap Transaction, any amount (other than Net Swap Payments) payable by the Seller to the Swap Counterparty for the early termination of that Swap Transaction or any portion thereof. "Swap Breakage Receipts": For any Swap Transaction, any amount (other than Net Swap Receipts) payable by the Swap Counterparty to the Seller for the early termination of that Swap Transaction or any portion thereof. "Swap Counterparty": Wachovia Bank, National Association and/or any Affiliate thereof, together with its successors and assigns. "Swap Documents": The Interest Rate Protection Agreements entered into by the Seller and the Swap Counterparty with respect to the Facility or any Purchased Asset, including all obligations, liabilities and Annex I-25 Indebtedness thereunder, as such Swap Documents are amended, modified, restated, replaced, waived, substituted, supplemented or extended from time to time. "Swap Transaction": Any interest rate swap transaction between the Seller and the Swap Counterparty that is governed by the Swap Documents. "Table Funded Purchased Asset": A Purchased Asset which is sold to the Buyer simultaneously with the origination or acquisition thereof, which origination or acquisition, pursuant to the Seller's request, is financed with the Purchase Price and paid directly to a title company, settlement agent or other Person (including the Seller if the Buyer determines to fund to the Seller in Buyer's discretion) in trust for the current holder of the Mortgage Asset, in each case, approved in writing by the Buyer in its reasonable discretion, for disbursement to the parties entitled thereto in connection with such origination or acquisition. A Purchased Asset shall cease to be a Table Funded Purchased Asset after the Custodian has delivered a Trust Receipt (along with a completed Mortgage Asset File Checklist attached thereto) to the Buyer certifying its receipt of the Mortgage Asset File therefor. "Tangible Net Worth": As of a particular date and as to any Person: (a) all amounts that would be included under stockholder equity (or the equivalent) on a balance sheet of such Person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries determined on a consolidated basis at such date determined in accordance with GAAP, less (b) in each case with respect to such Person and its Consolidated Subsidiaries determined on a consolidated basis (i) amounts owing to such Person from Affiliates, or from officers, employees, partners, members, directors, shareholders or other Persons similarly affiliated with such Person or its respective Affiliates, (ii) intangible assets of such Person, as determined in accordance with GAAP, (iii) the value of REO Property and Foreclosed Loans of such Person, (iv) prepaid taxes and expenses, (v) unamortized hedging positions under Derivatives Contracts, and (vi) (without duplication) Related Party Loans. "Taxes": Any present or future taxes, levies, imposts, duties, charges, assessments or fees of any nature (including interest, penalties, and additions thereto) that are imposed by any Governmental Authority. "Test Period": The most recent calendar quarter. "Title Exception": Defined in Schedule 1, Part 1. "Transaction": Defined in Paragraph 1 of this Repurchase Agreement. "Transaction Request": A request in the form of Exhibit A to this Repurchase Agreement duly completed and executed by the Seller. "Transferor": The seller of mortgage assets under a Purchase Agreement. "True Sale Opinion": An Opinion of Counsel to the Seller opining that the subject transaction constitutes a "true sale". "Trust Receipt": Defined in the Custodial Agreement. Annex I-26 "Type": With respect to a Mortgage Asset, the classification of the Underlying Mortgaged Property as one of the following: multifamily, mobile home park, retail, office, industrial, hotel or self-storage Facility. "UCC-9 Policy": Defined in Part II, Paragraph 6 of Schedule 1 to this Repurchase Agreement. "Underlying Mortgaged Property": (a) In the case of a Whole Loan, the Mortgaged Property securing the Whole Loan, (b) in the case of a Junior Interest, the Mortgaged Property securing such Junior Interest (if the Junior Interest is of the type described in clause (b) of the definition thereof), or the Mortgaged Property securing the mortgage loan in which such Junior Interest represents a junior participation (if the Junior Interest is of the type described in clause (a) of the definition thereof), (c) in the case of a Mezzanine Loan or a Junior Interest in a Mezzanine Loan, the Mortgaged Property that secures the senior mortgage loan, (d) in the case of a Bridge Loan, CTL Loan or Subordinate CTL Loan, the Mortgaged Property securing the Whole Loan, Junior Interest or Mezzanine Loan, as applicable, (e) in the case of a CMBS Security, the Mortgaged Properties backing such CMBS Securities and (f) in the case of Senior Secured Bank Debt, the Mortgaged Property, if any, securing such Senior Secured Bank Debt. "Underwriting Package": With respect to any Mortgage Asset (other than a CMBS Security), the Underwriting Package shall include, to the extent applicable, (i) a copy of the Current Appraisal or, if unavailable, any other recent appraisal, (ii) the current rent roll, (iii) a minimum of two (2) years of property level financial statements to the extent available, (iv) the current financial statements of the Borrowers under the Mortgage Asset, and, if such Mortgage Asset is not a Whole Loan, the Borrower under the Commercial Real Estate Loan to the extent provided to or reasonably available to the Seller upon request, (v) the loan documents and title commitment/policy to be included in the Mortgage Asset File, together with copies of any appraisals, environmental reports, studies or assessments (to include, at a minimum, a phase I report), evidence of zoning compliance, property management agreements, assignments of property management agreements, contracts, licenses and permits, in each case to the extent in the Seller's possession or reasonably available to the Seller and, if the Mortgage Asset is purchased by the Buyer, assignments of such documents by the Seller in blank to the extent covered by assignments in blank delivered to the Custodian, (vi) any financial analysis, site inspection, market studies, environmental reports and any other diligence conducted by or provided to the Seller and (vii) such further documents or information as the Buyer may reasonably request. With respect to any CMBS Security, the Underwriting Package shall consist of, to the extent applicable, (i) the related prospectus or offering circular, (ii) all structural and collateral term sheets and all other computational or other similar materials provided to Seller in connection with its acquisition of such CMBS Security, (iii) all distribution date statements issued in respect thereof during the immediately preceding twelve (12) months (or, if less, since the date such CMBS Security was issued), (iv) all monthly reporting packages issued in respect of such CMBS Security during the immediately preceding twelve (12) months (or, if less, since the date such CMBS Security was issued), (v) all Rating Agency pre-sale reports, (vi) all asset summaries and any other due diligence materials, including, without limitation, reports prepared by third parties, provided to Seller in connection with its acquisition of such CMBS Security, and (vii) such further documents or information as the Buyer may reasonably request. "Uniform Commercial Code" or "UCC": The Uniform Commercial Code as in effect on the date hereof in the State of New York; provided that if by reason of mandatory provisions of Applicable Law, the perfection or the effect of perfection or non-perfection of the security interest in any Purchased Asset is governed by the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in a jurisdiction other than New York, "Uniform Commercial Code" shall mean the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in such other jurisdiction for purposes of the provisions hereof relating to such perfection or effect of perfection or non-perfection. "United States": The United States of America. Annex I-27 "Unused Fee": The "Unused Fee" payable under the Fee Letter. "Wachovia": Wachovia Bank, National Association, a national banking association in its individual capacity, and its successors and assigns. "Wachovia Assets": Any Mortgage Asset issued or extended by Wachovia Corporation or an Affiliate of Wachovia Corporation. "Warehouse Lender's Release Letter": Defined in Section 3(b)(xi) of this Repurchase Agreement. "Whole Loan": A performing Commercial Real Estate whole loan secured by a first priority perfected security interest in the Underlying Mortgaged Property. (b) In each Repurchase Document, unless a contrary intention appears: (i) the singular number includes the plural number and vice versa; (ii) reference to any Person includes such Person's successors and assigns but, if applicable, only if such successors and assigns are permitted by the Repurchase Documents; (iii) reference to any gender includes each other gender; (iv) reference to day or days without further qualification means calendar days; (v) reference to any time means Charlotte, North Carolina time; (vi) reference to any agreement (including any Repurchase Document), document or instrument means such agreement, document or instrument as amended, modified, restated, replaced, waived, substituted, supplemented or extended from time to time in accordance with the terms thereof and, if applicable, the terms of the other Repurchase Documents, and reference to any promissory note, certificate, instrument or trust receipt includes any promissory note, certificate, instrument or trust receipt that is an extension or renewal thereof or a substitute or replacement therefor; (vii) reference to any Applicable Law means such Applicable Law as amended, modified, codified, replaced or reenacted, in whole or in part, and in effect from time to time, including rules and regulations promulgated thereunder and reference to any Section or other provision of any Applicable Law means that provision of such Applicable Law from time to time in effect and constituting the substantive amendment, modification, codification, replacement or reenactment of such Section or other provision; (viii) unless otherwise expressly provided in this Repurchase Agreement, reference to any notice, request, approval, consent or determination provided for, permitted or required under the terms of the Repurchase Documents with respect to the Seller, the Guarantor or the Buyer means, in order for such notice, request, approval, consent or determination to be effective hereunder, such notice, request, approval or consent must be in writing and, with respect to notice to the Swap Counterparty only, such notice shall contain an acknowledgement of receipt signed by the Swap Counterparty; and Annex I-28 (ix) reference herein or in any Repurchase Document to the Buyer's discretion shall mean, unless otherwise stated herein or therein, the Buyer's sole and absolute discretion, and the exercise of such discretion shall be final and conclusive. In addition, whenever the Buyer has a decision or right of determination or request, exercises any right given to it to agree, disagree, accept, consent, grant waivers, take action or no action or to approve or disapprove, or any arrangement or term is to be satisfactory or acceptable (or any similar language or terms) to the Buyer, the decision of the Buyer with respect thereto shall be in the sole and absolute discretion of the Buyer, and such decision shall be final and conclusive, except as may be otherwise specifically provided herein. 2. MODIFICATIONS TO MASTER REPURCHASE AGREEMENT. (a) (i) The Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby modified by replacing every reference to a "Purchased Security" or "Purchased Securities" with a reference to "Purchased Asset" or "Purchased Assets," and the definition of "Purchased Security" as set forth in the Master Repurchase Agreement shall be deleted. (ii) The Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby modified by replacing every reference to an "Additional Purchased Security" or "Additional Purchased Securities," as applicable, with a reference to "Additional Purchased Asset" or "Additional Purchased Assets," as applicable, and the definition of "Additional Purchased Security" as set forth in the Master Repurchase Agreement shall be deleted. (iii) The Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby modified by replacing every reference to "Security" or "Securities" with a reference to a "Mortgage Asset" or "Mortgage Assets." (b) Paragraph 1 of the Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby deleted and the following is substituted therefor: "Subject to the terms and conditions hereof, from time to time during the Commitment Period (but at no time thereafter) and at the written request of the Seller, the parties hereto may enter into transactions in which the Seller transfers Eligible Assets to the Buyer in a sales transaction against the transfer of funds by the Buyer representing the Purchase Price for such Purchased Assets, with a simultaneous agreement by the Buyer to transfer to the Seller and the Seller to repurchase such Purchased Assets in a repurchase transaction at a date certain not later than the Facility Maturity Date, against the transfer of funds by the Seller representing the Repurchase Price for such Purchased Assets. Each such transaction, including transfers of Additional Purchased Assets, shall be referred to herein as a "Transaction" and shall be governed by this Repurchase Agreement (including Annex I hereto), unless otherwise agreed in writing." (c) The definitions contained Paragraphs 2(a), 2(b), 2(e), 2(f), 2(g), 2(j), 2(k), 2(l), 2(m), 2(n), 2(o), 2(p), 2(q) and 2(r) of the Master Repurchase Agreement are hereby deleted and the corresponding definitions contained in Section 1(a) of this Annex I shall be substituted therefor in all respects. (d) Paragraph 2(c) and 2(d) of the Master Repurchase Agreement are hereby deleted in their entirety and the terms "Buyer's Margin Amount" and "Buyer's Margin Percentage" shall be disregarded entirely and be of no effect wherever they appear in the Master Repurchase Agreement. Annex I-29 (e) Paragraph 2(h) of the Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and the term "Margin Excess" shall be disregarded entirely and be of no effect wherever it appears in the Master Repurchase Agreement. (f) Paragraph 2(i) of the Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and the term "Margin Notice Deadline" shall be disregarded entirely and be of no effect wherever it appears in the Master Repurchase Agreement. (g) Paragraph 2(s) and 2(t) of the Master Repurchase Agreement are hereby deleted in their entirety and the terms "Seller's Margin Amount" and "Seller's Margin Percentage" shall be disregarded entirely and be of no effect wherever they appear in the Master Repurchase Agreement. (h) Paragraph 3 of the Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and the following is substituted therefor: "(a) Transaction Mechanics; Related Matters. (i) From time to time during the Commitment Period but no more frequently than once per week, the Buyer may in its discretion purchase from the Seller the Seller's rights and interests (but none of its obligations) under certain Eligible Assets; provided, however, (A) at no time shall the aggregate Purchase Price of the outstanding Transactions and any proposed Transactions exceed the Maximum Amount and (B) at no time shall the Buyer enter into Transactions after the Commitment Period. The Seller shall request a Transaction by delivering to the Buyer, via Electronic Transmission, a written Transaction Request, together with, via Electronic Transmission (to the extent available in such form and otherwise by overnight delivery), a Seller Asset Schedule, a draft Confirmation and an Underwriting Package. The Transaction Request shall set forth, among other things, (i) the proposed Purchase Date, that, except with respect to the initial Transaction, shall be at least ten (10) Business Days (or such additional reasonable time as the Buyer may reasonably request) after the delivery of the Transaction Request, the Seller Asset Schedule, the draft Confirmation, the complete Underwriting Package and any supplemental requests (requested orally or in writing) relating to the proposed Mortgage Assets, (ii) the proposed Purchase Price, which shall be in a minimum amount of $1,000,000, (iii) the proposed Repurchase Date, (iv) the applicable Class and Type for each such Mortgage Asset, and (v) such other additional terms and conditions requested by the Buyer in its reasonable discretion. The Buyer shall have ten (10) Business Days (or such additional reasonable time as the Buyer may reasonably request) from the receipt thereof to review the Transaction Request, the Seller Asset Schedule, the draft Confirmation, the Underwriting Package and any supplemental requests (requested orally or in writing) relating to the proposed Mortgage Assets. (ii) The Buyer shall notify the Seller in writing of the Buyer's tentative approval (and the proposed Purchase Price for each Mortgage Asset) or final disapproval of each proposed Mortgage Asset within ten (10) Business Days (or such additional reasonable time as the Buyer may reasonably request) after its receipt of the Transaction Request, the Seller Asset Schedule, the draft Confirmation, the complete Underwriting Package and any supplemental requests (requested orally or in writing) relating to such proposed Mortgage Asset. Unless the Buyer notifies the Seller in writing of the Buyer's approval of such proposed Mortgage Asset within the applicable period, the Buyer shall be deemed not to have approved the purchase of such proposed Mortgage Asset. Annex I-30 (iii) Provided that the Buyer has tentatively agreed to purchase the Mortgage Assets described in the Transaction Request and the proposed Purchase Price is acceptable to the Seller, the Seller shall forward to the Buyer, via Electronic Transmission, on the requested Purchase Date a completed and executed Confirmation with respect to each Transaction, and a copy of the executed Assignment. The Confirmation delivered by the Seller to the Buyer may specify any additional terms or conditions of the Transaction not inconsistent with this Repurchase Agreement. Delivery of a Confirmation to the Buyer shall be deemed to be a certification by the Seller, among other things, that all conditions precedent to such Transaction set forth in Section 3 of this Repurchase Agreement have been satisfied (except the Buyer's consent). Unless otherwise agreed in writing, upon receipt of the Confirmation and Assignment, the Buyer may, in its discretion, agree to enter into the requested Transaction with respect to a Mortgage Asset, with such additional terms, conditions and requirements contained in the Confirmation as the Buyer may require in its discretion (if additional terms, conditions or requirements are required by the Buyer, the Seller shall include such terms, conditions and/or requirements in the Confirmation to the extent it approves of same, and provide a re-executed Confirmation to the Buyer), and the Buyer's agreement to purchase the Mortgage Asset on the terms, conditions and requirements as the Buyer may require in its discretion shall be evidenced by the Buyer's signature on the Confirmation. Any Confirmation executed by the Buyer shall be deemed to have been received by the Seller on the date actually received by the Seller. (iv) (A) the Seller shall release or cause to be released to the Custodian in accordance with the Custodial Agreement (1) in the case of a single Non-Table Funded Purchased Asset, no later than 1:00 p.m. one (1) Business Day (for more than one (1) Non-Table Funded Purchased Asset, two (2) Business Days) prior to the requested Purchase Date, and, (2) in the case of a Table Funded Purchased Asset, no later than 1:00 p.m. three (3) Business Days following the applicable Purchase Date, the Mortgage Asset File pertaining to each Eligible Asset to be purchased by the Buyer, and (B) the Seller shall deliver to the Custodian, in connection with the applicable delivery under clause (A) above, a Custodial Identification Certificate and a completed Mortgage Asset File Checklist required under Section 3.2 of the Custodial Agreement. (v) Pursuant to the Custodial Agreement, the Custodian shall deliver to the Buyer and the Seller by 1:00 p.m. on the Purchase Date for each Non-Table Funded Purchased Asset a Trust Receipt (along with a completed Mortgage Asset File Checklist attached thereto) and an Asset Schedule and Exception Report with respect to the Eligible Assets that the Seller has requested the Buyer purchase on such Purchase Date. With respect to each Table Funded Purchased Asset, the Seller shall cause the Bailee to deliver to the Custodian, with a copy to the Buyer, no later than 1:00 p.m. on the Purchase Date, by Electronic Transmission, copies of the related Basic Mortgage Asset Documents, a fully executed Bailee Agreement, a Bailee's Trust Receipt issued by the Bailee thereunder and such other evidence satisfactory to the Buyer in its reasonable discretion that all documents necessary to effect a transfer of the Eligible Assets to the Buyer have been delivered to Bailee. With respect to each Table Funded Purchased Asset, the Custodian shall deliver to the Buyer with a copy to the Seller a Table Funded Trust Receipt no later than 3:00 p.m. on the Purchase Date, which receipt and all other documents delivered to the Bailee shall be acceptable to the Buyer in its reasonable discretion. In the case of a Table Funded Purchased Asset, no later than 3:00 p.m. on the second (2nd) Business Day following the Custodian's receipt of the related Mortgage Loan Documents comprising the Mortgage Asset File, the Custodian shall deliver to the Buyer a Trust Receipt (along Annex I-31 with a completed Mortgage Asset File Checklist attached thereto) certifying its receipt of the documents required to be delivered pursuant to the Custodial Agreement, together with an Asset Schedule and Exception Report relating to the Basic Mortgage Asset Documents, with any Exceptions identified by the Custodian as of the date and time of delivery of such Asset Schedule and Exception Report. The Custodian shall deliver to the Buyer an Asset Schedule and Exception Report relating to all of the Mortgage Loan Documents within five (5) Business Days of its receipt of the Mortgage Asset Files. (vi) On the Purchase Date for each Eligible Asset to be purchased on such date, and provided the requirements set forth in this Repurchase Agreement and the other Repurchase Documents are satisfied, including, without limitation, the delivery to the Buyer of a Trust Receipt pursuant to Paragraph 3(a)(v) of this Repurchase Agreement, ownership of the Purchased Assets shall be transferred to the Buyer (subject to the terms of this Agreement) against the simultaneous transfer of the lesser of (A) Purchase Price and (B) the Availability to the Seller not later than 5:00 p.m. on such date. The Seller hereby sells, transfers, conveys and assigns to the Buyer all the right, title and interest (but none of the obligations) of the Seller in and to the Purchased Assets together with all right, title and interest in and to the proceeds of any related Purchased Assets (subject to the terms of this Agreement). (vii) Each Confirmation, together with this Repurchase Agreement, shall constitute conclusive evidence of the terms agreed between the Buyer and the Seller with respect to the Transaction to which the Confirmation relates. The Seller's acceptance of the related proceeds shall, to the extent the Confirmation is not for any reason executed by the Seller, constitute the Seller's agreement to the terms of such Confirmation. It is the intention of the parties that each Confirmation shall not be separate from this Repurchase Agreement but shall be made a part of this Repurchase Agreement. (viii) In no event shall a Transaction be entered into when any Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or when the Repurchase Date for such Transaction would be later than the Facility Maturity Date. (ix) In the case of individual Transactions terminable upon demand (if any), such demand shall be made by the Buyer or the Seller no later than such time as is customary in accordance with market practice, by telephone or otherwise, on or prior to the Business Day on which such termination will be effective. The Seller shall repurchase the Purchased Assets by no later than 3:00 p.m. on the Repurchase Date. On a Repurchase Date, termination of a Transaction will be effected by transfer to the Seller or its designee of the Purchased Assets after the Buyer receives the Repurchase Price for the Purchased Asset. In connection with the termination of a Transaction, any Income in respect of any Purchased Assets received by the Buyer and not previously credited or transferred to, or applied to the obligations of, the Seller pursuant to Paragraph 5 of this Repurchase Agreement shall be netted against the Repurchase Price by the Buyer. To the extent a net amount is owed to one party, the other party shall pay such amount to such party. (x) Subject to the terms and conditions of this Repurchase Agreement, during the term of this Repurchase Agreement, the Seller may sell to the Buyer, repurchase from the Buyer and resell to the Buyer, Eligible Assets hereunder; provided, however, the Seller shall have no right to substitute an Eligible Asset for a Purchased Asset. To the extent the Seller requests less than the Purchase Price that it would otherwise be entitled to receive under the terms of this Repurchase Agreement in connection with the purchase of Annex I-32 any Eligible Asset, and provided (A) no Default or Event of Default exists, (B) the Purchased Asset continues to be a Purchased Asset, (C) such Purchased Asset is not a Defaulted Mortgage Asset or Delinquent Mortgage Asset and (D) each applicable eligibility criteria set forth in Schedule 1 to this Repurchase Agreement is satisfied in all material respects, the Seller may request an additional advance of the Purchase Price against such Purchased Asset in an amount not to exceed the positive difference (if any) between the current Purchase Price (calculated as if such Purchased Asset were purchased on such day) and the Purchase Price originally advanced by the Buyer with respect thereto; provided, however, in no event shall the aggregate amounts advanced against such Purchased Asset exceed the Maximum Purchase Price that the Buyer was prepared to advance on the date the Purchased Asset was acquired by the Buyer under this Repurchase Agreement. If the Buyer has advanced the full amount of the Purchase Price that is then available to the Seller on the Purchase Date for the purchase of the Purchased Asset, the Seller may request in writing that the Buyer reunderwrite the Purchased Asset and/or redetermine the Asset Value of such Purchased Asset (in each case in accordance with the same standards used by the Buyer with respect thereto at the time the Purchased Asset was originally purchased on the Purchase Date) for the purposes of obtaining additional advances of the Purchase Price with respect to such Purchased Asset, and, provided (A) no Default or Event of Default exists, (B) the Purchased Asset continues to be a Purchased Asset, (C) such Purchased Asset is not a Defaulted Mortgage Asset or Delinquent Mortgage Asset and (D) each applicable eligibility criteria set forth in Schedule 1 to this Repurchase Agreement is satisfied in all material respects, the Buyer may, in its discretion, consider such request and may take such action (or no action) in response thereto as the Buyer may determine in its discretion. (b) Optional Repurchase. The Seller may, upon two (2) Business Days' prior written notice or such shorter period as the Buyer may agree in its discretion (such notice to be received by the Buyer no later than 5:00 p.m. (Charlotte, North Carolina time) on such day) to the Buyer and the Swap Counterparty, reduce the aggregate Repurchase Price of all Purchased Assets (or, prior to an Event of Default, any portion of all Purchased Assets or any individual Purchased Asset) currently outstanding by remitting to the Collection Account (1) cash in the amount of the principal reduction plus accrued and unpaid Price Differential and any related Breakage Costs owed in connection therewith and (2) instructions to reduce such Repurchase Price, provided that (A) in connection with such reduction the Seller shall comply with the terms of any related Interest Rate Protection Agreement requiring that the Interest Rate Protection Agreement be terminated in whole or in part as the result of any such reduction of the Repurchase Price and the Seller has paid all amounts due to the applicable parties in connection with any such termination and (B) after giving effect to such reduction, the Seller shall be in compliance with all Sub-Limits and all other terms, conditions and requirements contained in the Repurchase Documents. (c) Extension of Facility Maturity Date. At the written request of the Seller delivered to the Buyer no earlier than ninety (90) days and no later than thirty (30) days prior to the Facility Maturity Date, the Buyer may in its discretion grant one extension of the Facility Maturity Date for a period not to exceed one (1) year by giving written notice of such extension to the Seller no later than fifteen (15) days before the expiration of the Facility Maturity Date. Any failure by the Buyer to deliver such notice of extension on a timely basis shall be deemed to be the Buyer's determination not to extend the original Facility Maturity Date. An extension of the Facility Maturity Date is subject to the Annex I-33 following requirements: (i) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and is continuing, (ii) the Seller shall pay to the Buyer an Extension Fee as set forth in the Fee Letter, (iii) no additional Transactions shall be permitted to be entered into after the original Facility Maturity Date, (iv) the Seller must, in addition to other amounts owed by the Seller hereunder, amortize and pay to the Buyer the aggregate Repurchase Price for all Transactions then outstanding in equal quarterly installments over the term of the extension commencing with the original Facility Maturity Date and on the Payment Date for each quarter thereafter, (v) not later than the Facility Maturity Date (as extended in accordance with the terms of this Repurchase Agreement), the Seller shall pay to Buyer an amount equal to the aggregate Repurchase Price then outstanding, together with all other Aggregate Unpaids and any other amounts then owing to the Buyer by the Seller pursuant to this Repurchase Agreement or any other Repurchase Document, and (vi) if for any reason the Facility Maturity Date were extended beyond four (4) years from the Closing Date (by extensions of the Facility Maturity Date, amendments to the Facility or otherwise), to which the Buyer makes no promise or commitment whatsoever, continuation statements have been filed with respect to any outstanding UCC financing statement in favor of the Buyer with respect to this Facility. The Seller confirms that the Buyer, in its discretion, without regard to the value or performance of the Purchased Assets or any other factor, may elect not to extend the Facility Maturity Date. (d) Extension of Commitment Expiration Date. The Seller may, by written notice to the Buyer at any time prior to the Commitment Expiration Date then in effect, make written request for the Buyer to extend the Commitment Expiration Date for a period not to exceed 364 days from the then current Commitment Expiration Date. Provided no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing on the date of the Commitment Expiration Date then in effect, the Commitment Expiration Date shall be extended to the date that is not greater than 364 days immediately following the Commitment Expiration Date then in effect; provided, that the Commitment Expiration Date shall in no event be extended beyond the third one-year anniversary of the Closing Date or beyond the Facility Maturity Date. (e) Payment of Price Differential. (i) Notwithstanding that the Buyer and the Seller intend that the Transactions hereunder be sales to the Buyer of the Purchased Assets, the Seller shall pay to the Buyer an amount equal to the accrued value of the Price Differential of each Transaction for the most recently ended Accrual Period (each such payment, a "Periodic Advance Repurchase Payment") on each Payment Date less any portion thereof previously paid, if any. The Buyer shall deliver to the Seller, via Electronic Transmission, notice of the required Periodic Advance Repurchase Payment on or prior to the Business Day preceding each Payment Date; provided, however, the Buyer's failure to timely deliver such notice shall not affect the Seller's obligations to pay the Periodic Advance Repurchase Payment due. If the Seller fails to make all or part of the Periodic Advance Repurchase Payment by 11:00 a.m., Charlotte, North Carolina time, on the Payment Date, the Seller shall be obligated to pay to the Buyer (in addition to, and together with, the Periodic Advance Repurchase Payment) interest on the unpaid amount of the Periodic Advance Repurchase Payment at a rate per annum equal to the Post-Default Rate (the "Late Payment Fee") until the overdue Periodic Advance Repurchase Payment is received in full by the Buyer. Annex I-34 (ii) If the Seller repurchases Purchased Assets on any day prior to the last day of a Eurodollar Period or if the Seller repurchases Purchased Assets on any day that is not a Repurchase Date for such Purchased Assets, the Seller shall indemnify the Buyer and hold the Buyer harmless from any Breakage Costs actually incurred by the Buyer for the remainder of the Eurodollar Period. The Buyer shall deliver to the Seller a statement setting forth the amount and basis of determination of any Breakage Costs, it being agreed that such statement and the method of its calculation shall be conclusive and binding upon the Seller, absent manifest error. This Paragraph 3(e)(ii) shall survive termination of this Repurchase Agreement and the repurchase of all Purchased Assets subject to Transactions hereunder until the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations. (f) Payment, Transfer and Custody. (i) Unless otherwise expressly provided herein, all amounts to be paid or deposited by the Seller hereunder shall be paid or deposited in accordance with the terms of this Repurchase Agreement no later than 3:00 p.m. on the day when due in lawful money of the United States, in immediately available funds and without deduction, set-off or counterclaim to the Buyer's Account and if not received before such time shall be deemed to be received on the next Business Day. The Seller shall, to the extent permitted by Applicable Law, pay to the Buyer interest on any amounts not paid when due hereunder or under the Repurchase Documents at the Post-Default Rate, payable on demand; provided, however, that such interest rate shall not at any time exceed the maximum rate permitted by Applicable Law. Such interest shall be for the account of, and distributed to, the Buyer. All computations of interest, Price Differential and fees hereunder or under the Fee Letter shall be made on the basis of a year consisting of 360 days for the actual number of days (including the first but excluding the last day) elapsed. The Seller acknowledges that it has no rights of withdrawal from the foregoing Buyer's Account or from the Collection Account or the Securities Account. (ii) Whenever any payment hereunder shall be stated to be due on a day other than a Business Day, such payment shall be made on the next succeeding Business Day, and such extension of time shall in such case be included in the computation of the payment of the Price Differential or any fee payable hereunder or under the Fee Letter, as the case may be. (iii) Any Mortgage Asset Files not delivered to the Buyer or its designee (including the Custodian) are and shall be held in trust by the Seller or its agent for the benefit of the Buyer as the owner thereof. The Seller or its agent shall maintain a copy of the Mortgage Asset File and the originals of the Mortgage Asset File not delivered to the Buyer or its designee (including the Custodian). The possession of the Mortgage Asset File by the Seller or its agent is at the will of the Buyer for the sole purpose of servicing the related Purchased Asset, and such retention and possession by the Seller or its agent is in a custodial capacity only. Each Mortgage Asset File retained or held by the Seller or its agent shall be segregated on the Seller's books and records from the other assets of the Seller or its agent, and the books and records of the Seller or its agent shall be marked appropriately to reflect clearly the sale of the related Purchased Asset to the Buyer. The Seller or its agent shall release custody of the Mortgage Asset File only in accordance with written instructions from the Buyer, unless such release is required as incidental to the servicing of the Purchased Assets or is in connection with a repurchase of any Annex I-35 Purchased Asset by the Seller, in each case in accordance with the terms of the Custodial Agreement. (g) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, all Repurchase Price and all other Obligations shall be paid in full on or before the Facility Maturity Date. (h) Fees. (i) On or prior to the Closing Date, the Seller shall pay to the Buyer the Commitment Fee agreed to by the Seller and the Buyer in the Fee Letter. (ii) To the extent not separately paid by the Seller under the Fee Letter, the Price Differential, the Unused Fee and all other fees and amounts payable under the Fee Letter shall be paid to the Buyer from the Collection Account to the extent funds are available on each Payment Date pursuant to Paragraph 5 of this Repurchase Agreement. (iii) To the extent not separately paid by the Seller, the Custodian's fees and expenses shall be paid to the Custodian from the Collection Account to the extent funds are available on each Payment Date pursuant to Paragraph 5 of this Repurchase Agreement. (iv) The Seller shall pay to Moore & Van Allen PLLC, as counsel to the Buyer, on the Closing Date, its estimated, but reasonable, fees and out-of-pocket expenses in immediately available funds and shall pay all additional fees and out-of-pocket expenses of Moore & Van Allen PLLC (including reasonable fees and expenses incurred in reviewing proposed Mortgage Assets for purchase by the Buyer, which fees for the review of the proposed Mortgage Assets shall be limited to $2,500 per Mortgage Asset) within ten (10) days after receiving an invoice for such amounts. (i) Increased Costs; Capital Adequacy; Illegality. (i) If either (A) the introduction of or any change (including, without limitation, any change by way of imposition or increase of reserve requirements) in or in the interpretation of any law or regulation, or (B) the compliance by the Buyer and/or any other Affected Party with any guideline or request from any central bank or other Governmental Authority (whether or not having the force of law) shall (1) subject the Buyer and/or any other Affected Party to any Tax (except for Taxes on the overall net income or franchise of the Buyer and/or any other Affected Party), duty or other charge with respect to any ownership interest in the Purchased Items, or any right to enter into Transactions hereunder, or on any payment made hereunder, (2) impose, modify or deem applicable any reserve requirement (including, without limitation, any reserve requirement imposed by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, but excluding any reserve requirement, if any, included in the determination of the Price Differential), special deposit or similar requirement against assets of, deposits with or for the amount of, or credit extended by, the Buyer and/or any other Affected Party or (3) impose any other condition affecting the ownership interest in the Purchased Items conveyed to the Buyer hereunder or the Buyer's and/or any other Affected Party's rights hereunder, the result of which is to increase the cost to the Buyer and/or any other Affected Party or to reduce the amount of any sum received or receivable by the Buyer and/or any other Affected Party under this Repurchase Agreement, then within ten (10) days after demand by the Buyer and/or any other Affected Party (which demand shall be Annex I-36 accompanied by a statement setting forth the basis for such demand), the Seller shall pay directly to the Buyer and/or any other Affected Party such additional amount or amounts as will compensate the Buyer and/or any other Affected Party for such additional or increased cost actually incurred or such reduction actually suffered. (ii) If either (A) the introduction of or any change in or in the interpretation of any law, guideline, rule, regulation, directive or request or (B) compliance by the Buyer and/or any other Affected Party with any law, guideline, rule, regulation, directive or request from any central bank or other Governmental Authority or agency (whether or not having the force of law), including, without limitation, compliance by the Buyer and/or any other Affected Party with any request or directive regarding capital adequacy, has or would have the effect of reducing the rate of return on the capital of the Buyer and/or any other Affected Party as a consequence of its obligations hereunder or arising in connection herewith to a level below that which the Buyer and/or any other Affected Party could have achieved but for such introduction, change or compliance (taking into consideration the policies of the Buyer and/or any other Affected Party with respect to capital adequacy) by an amount deemed by the Buyer and/or any other Affected Party to be material, then from time to time, within ten (10) days after demand by the Buyer and/or any other Affected Party (which demand shall be accompanied by a statement setting forth the basis for such demand), the Seller shall pay directly to the Buyer and/or any other Affected Party such additional amount or amounts as will compensate the Buyer and/or any other Affected Party for such reduction. For the avoidance of doubt, any interpretation of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51 by the Financial Accounting Standards Board shall constitute an adaptation, change, request or directive subject to this Paragraph 3(i)(ii). (iii) In determining any amount provided for in this Paragraph 3(i), the Buyer and/or any other Affected Party may use any reasonable averaging and attribution methods. The Buyer or the Affected Party making a claim under this Paragraph 3(i) shall submit to the Seller a written description as to such additional or increased cost or reduction and the calculation thereof, which written description shall be conclusive absent demonstrable error. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in clauses (i) or (ii) of this Paragraph 3(i), the Buyer shall not seek to impose any such Increased Costs on the Seller unless the Buyer is imposing such Increased Costs on similarly situated sellers or borrowers. To the extent possible, the Buyer will use its best efforts to give prior notice to the Seller that there will be Increased Costs incurred. If the Buyer gives notice of Increased Costs and the Seller either accepts such Increased Costs or continues to utilize the Facility with knowledge of such Increased Costs, the Seller shall be obligated to pay such Increased Costs before exercising the termination option set forth in the next sentence. If the proposed Increased Costs exceed 7.5% of the Seller's Facility costs for the preceding year, the Seller shall have the option to terminate the Repurchase Agreement by giving three (3) Business Days prior written notice to the Buyer and remitting to the Buyer on or before the effective date of the termination all outstanding Obligations due to the Buyer and the other Affected Parties under the Repurchase Documents. If the Seller terminates the Repurchase Agreement in accordance with the preceding sentence, the Seller shall be entitled to a pro-rata rebate of the Commitment Fee based on the portion of the three (3) year Facility that was not used by the Seller. (iv) If the Buyer and/or any other Affected Party shall notify the Seller that a Eurodollar Disruption Event as described in clause (a) of the definition of "Eurodollar Disruption Event" has occurred, all Transactions in respect of which the Price Annex I-37 Differential accrues at the Adjusted Eurodollar Rate shall immediately be converted into Transactions in respect of which the Price Differential accrues at the Base Rate. (v) Without prejudice to the survival of any other agreement of the Seller hereunder, the agreements and obligations of the Seller contained in this Paragraph 3(i) shall survive the termination of this Repurchase Agreement until the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations. (j) Taxes. (i) All payments made by the Seller, the Guarantor and the Pledgor under the Repurchase Documents will be made free and clear of and without deduction or withholding for or on account of any Taxes. If any Taxes are required to be withheld from any amounts payable to the Buyer and/or any other Affected Party, then the amount payable will be increased (such increase, the "Additional Amount") such that every net payment made under the Repurchase Documents after withholding for or on account of any Taxes (including, without limitation, any Taxes on such increase) is not less than the amount that would have been paid had no such deduction or withholding been deducted or withheld. The foregoing obligation to pay Additional Amounts, however, will not apply with respect to net income or franchise taxes imposed on the Buyer and/or any other Affected Party, with respect to payments required to be made by the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor under the Repurchase Documents, by a taxing jurisdiction in which the Buyer and/or any other Affected Party is organized, conducts business or is paying taxes (as the case may be). (ii) The Seller will indemnify the Buyer and any other Affected Party for the full amount of Taxes payable by such Person in respect of Additional Amounts and any liability (including penalties, interest and expenses) arising therefrom or with respect thereto. All payments in respect of this indemnification shall be made within ten (10) days from the date a written invoice therefor is delivered to either Seller. (iii) Within thirty (30) days after the date of any payment by the Seller of any Taxes, the Seller will furnish to the Buyer, at its address set forth under its name on the signature pages of the Master Repurchase Agreement, appropriate evidence of payment thereof. (iv) Without prejudice to the survival of any other agreement of the Seller hereunder, the agreements and obligations of the Seller contained in this Paragraph 3(j) shall survive the termination of this Repurchase Agreement until the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations. (k) Obligations Absolute. Except as set forth to the contrary in the Repurchase Documents, all sums payable by the Seller and/or the Guarantor hereunder shall be paid without notice, demand, counterclaim, setoff, deduction or defense and without abatement, suspension, deferment, diminution or reduction, and the obligations and liabilities of the Seller and the Guarantor hereunder shall in no way be released, discharged, or otherwise affected (except as expressly provided herein) by reason of: (a) any damage to or destruction of or any taking of any Property, any Underlying Mortgaged Property, any other collateral for a Purchased Asset or any portion of the foregoing; (b) any restriction or prevention of or interference with any use of any Property, Underlying Mortgaged Property, any other collateral for a Purchased Asset or any portion of the foregoing; (c) any title defect or encumbrance or any eviction from any Annex I-38 Property, Underlying Mortgaged Property, any other collateral for a Purchased Asset or any portion of the foregoing by title paramount or otherwise; (d) any Insolvency Proceeding relating to any of the Seller, the Guarantor, a Borrower or any obligor, account debtor or indemnitor under the Mortgage Loan Documents or any Affiliate of the foregoing, or any action taken with respect to this Repurchase Agreement or any other Repurchase Document by any trustee or receiver of any of the Seller, the Guarantor, a Borrower or any obligor, account debtor or indemnitor under the Mortgage Loan Documents or any Affiliate of the foregoing, or by any court, in any such proceeding; (e) any claim that the Seller has or might have against the Buyer or any Affiliate; (f) any default or failure on the part of the Buyer to perform or comply with any of the terms of this Repurchase Agreement, the Repurchase Documents, the Engagement Letter or of any other agreement with the Seller, the Guarantor or any Affiliate of the foregoing; (g) the invalidity or unenforceability of any Purchased Asset or any of the Mortgage Loan Documents; (h) any failure, refusal or inability of a Borrower to pay any obligation due under the Mortgage Loan Documents; or (i) any other occurrence whatsoever, whether similar or dissimilar to the foregoing, whether or not any of the Seller, the Guarantor or any Affiliate of the foregoing shall have notice or knowledge of any of the foregoing." (i) Paragraph 4(a) of the Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and the following is substituted therefor: "If at any time the Buyer determines in good faith (based on such factors as the Buyer determines to rely on in its discretion, including, but not limited to, a credit analysis of the Underlying Mortgaged Properties and/or the current market conditions for the Purchased Assets) that (i) with respect to Purchased Assets other than CMBS Securities, the Margin Base for such assets (as determined by the Buyer in its good faith discretion on such date) is less than the aggregate Purchase Price for all outstanding Transactions other than CMBS Securities and/or (ii) with respect to CMBS Securities, the Margin Base for such CMBS Securities (as determined by the Buyer in its good faith discretion on such date) is less than the Margin Amounts for such CMBS Securities (in each case a "Margin Deficit"), then the Buyer may by notice to the Seller in the form of Exhibit VIII (a "Margin Deficit Notice") require the Seller to transfer to the Buyer cash or Additional Purchased Assets in the amount of the Margin Deficit to the Buyer by no later than the Margin Correction Deadline. All cash transferred to the Buyer pursuant to this Paragraph 4(a) shall be deposited in the Collection Account and shall be attributed to such Transaction or Transactions as the Buyer shall determine in its discretion and shall be applied to reduce the outstanding Purchase Price to which it has been attributed. Transfers of Eligible Assets to the Buyer under this Paragraph 4(a) shall be subject to the same conditions and requirements that are applicable to the transfers of Eligible Assets under Paragraph 3(a). Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, the rights of the Buyer under this Paragraph 4(a) to require the elimination of the Margin Deficit may also be exercised whenever such a Margin Deficit exists with respect to any single or multiple Transactions hereunder (calculated without regard to the other Transaction outstanding under this Repurchase Agreement). The Buyer's election, in its discretion, not to deliver a Margin Deficit Notice at any time there is a Margin Deficit shall not waive the Margin Deficit or in any way limit or impair the Buyer's right to deliver a Margin Deficit Notice at any time the same or any other Margin Deficit exists." (j) Paragraph 4(b) of the Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety (the terms "Margin Excess", "Seller's Margin Percentage" and "Seller's Margin Amount" shall be disregarded entirely and be of no effect wherever they appear in the Master Repurchase Agreement). Annex I-39 (k) Paragraph 4(c) of the Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety. (l) Paragraph 4(d) of the Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and the following is substituted therefor: "Any cash transferred pursuant to Paragraph 4 of the Repurchase Agreement shall be attributable to Transactions in the manner required by Annex 1." (m) Paragraph 4(e) of the Master Repurchase Agreement is deleted in its entirety. (n) Paragraph 4(f) of the Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety. (o) Paragraph 5 of the Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and the following is substituted therefor: "The Buyer shall be entitled to receive for application in accordance with the provisions of this Repurchase Agreement an amount equal to all Income paid or distributed on or in respect of the Purchased Items, which amount shall be deposited by the Seller, each Servicer and each PSA Servicer and all other applicable Persons into the Collection Account. The Seller hereby agrees to instruct each Servicer, PSA Servicer, Swap Counterparty, each counterparty under any other Interest Rate Protection Agreement and all other applicable Persons to transfer all Income with respect to the Purchased Items in accordance with Section 5 of this Repurchase Agreement, who shall hold any funds so received pending application pursuant to the following sentence. On each Payment Date, any amounts received by the Buyer and deposited to the Collection Account since the immediately preceding Payment Date shall be applied as follows: first, to the extent not paid, to the payment of all outstanding fees, costs and expenses due to the Custodian under the Custodial Fee Letter, second, to the payment of all fees, costs, expenses and advances then due to the Buyer pursuant to the Repurchase Documents, other than the items covered in third through ninth; third, to the payment of outstanding Late Payment Fees and Price Differential at the Post-Default Rate, fourth, pari passu and pro-rata (based on the amounts owed to such Persons under this clause fourth), to the payment of accrued and unpaid Price Differential on the Purchased Assets then due to the Buyer and to the Swap Counterparty any Net Swap Payments then due to the Swap Counterparty for the current and any prior Payment Dates (other than Swap Breakage Costs); fifth, to the extent not previously paid by the Seller, to pay the Repurchase Price for Purchased Assets then subject to a request to repurchase in accordance with the terms of Paragraph 3(b) of this Repurchase Agreement; sixth, without limiting the Seller's obligations to cure Margin Deficits in a timely manner in accordance with Paragraph 4 of this Repurchase Agreement, to the Buyer for the payment of, as applicable, any Margin Deficit outstanding; seventh, to the extent any Income includes payments or prepayments of principal on the underlying Purchased Assets, such payments shall be applied to reduce the aggregate Repurchase Price outstanding; provided, however, prior to an Event of Default and provided no Margin Deficit is outstanding, only an amount equal to the product of the Advance Rate and the amount of such principal payment or prepayment shall be applied to reduce the Repurchase Price outstanding for the related Transaction; eighth, without limiting the Seller's obligations under Paragraph 3(c) of this Repurchase Agreement and to the extent not paid previously by the Seller, to the Buyer for the reduction of the Purchase Price outstanding in accordance with Paragraph 3(c) of this Repurchase Agreement; ninth, pari passu and pro-rata (based on the amounts owed to Annex I-40 such Persons under this clause ninth), to the payment of Breakage Costs, if any, Swap Breakage Costs, if any, Indemnified Amounts, if any, Increased Costs, if any, Additional Amounts, if any, and all other amounts then due and owing to the Buyer, the Swap Counterparty, any Affected Party or any other Person pursuant to the Repurchase Documents; and tenth, the remainder to the Seller, for such purposes as the Seller shall determine in its discretion, subject to the Financial Covenants and other requirements of the Repurchase Documents; provided, however, that if a Margin Deficit, Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, amounts collected pursuant to this Paragraph 5 of this Repurchase Agreement shall not be transferred to the Seller but shall be retained by the Buyer and applied in reduction of the Obligations." (p) Paragraph 6 of the Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and the following is substituted therefor: "(a) Grant of Security Interest. (i) Each of the following items or types of property, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, now existing or hereafter created and wherever located, is hereinafter collectively referred to as the Purchased Items (the "Purchased Items"): (A) all Purchased Assets; (B) all Income and Cash Collateral, if any; (C) all Mortgage Loan Documents; (D) all Mortgage Asset Files, including, without limitation, all promissory notes, certificates, instruments, Security Agreements, chattel mortgages and all other loan, security or other documents relating to such Purchased Items, together with all files, documents, instruments, surveys, certificates, correspondence, appraisals, licenses, contracts, computer programs, computer storage media, accounting records and other books and records relating thereto; (E) all collateral, security interests, rights and other interests under or with respect to each Purchased Item; (F) all Purchase Agreements and the collateral, security interests, rights and other interests thereunder; (G) all mortgage guaranties and insurance (issued by governmental agencies or otherwise) and any mortgage insurance certificate, policy or other document evidencing such mortgage guaranties or insurance relating to any Purchased Items; (H) all servicing fees to which the Seller is entitled and servicing and other rights relating to the Purchased Items; (I) all Servicing Agreements, Servicing Records and Servicing Files with respect to the Purchased Items and the rights and interests of the Seller thereunder or with respect thereto; (J) all Servicer Accounts established pursuant to any Servicing Agreement, Pooling and Servicing Agreement or otherwise with respect to the Purchased Items and all amounts on deposit therein from time to time related to the Purchased Items; (K) all Pooling and Servicing Agreements relating to the Purchased Items and all rights of the Seller thereunder or with respect thereto; (L) all other agreements, instruments or contracts relating to, constituting, or otherwise governing, any or all of the foregoing to the extent they relate to the Purchased Items, including the right to receive principal and interest payments and any related fees, breakage fees, late fees and penalties with respect to the Purchased Items and the right to enforce such payments; (M) insurance policies, certificates of insurance, insurance proceeds and the rights to enforce payment of insurance proceeds, in each case to the extent they relate to the Purchased Items; (N) the Collection Account and all monies, cash, deposits, securities or investment property from time to time on deposit in the Collection Account; (O) the Securities Account and all monies, cash, deposits, securities or investment property from time to time on deposit in the Securities Account; (P) any collection account, escrow account, collateral account or lock-box account related to the Purchased Items to the extent of any Seller's or the holder's interest therein, including all moneys, cash, deposits, securities or investment Annex I-41 property from time to time on deposit therein; (Q) rights of the Seller under any letter of credit, guarantee or other credit support or enhancement related to the Purchased Items; (R) any Interest Rate Protection Agreements relating to the Purchased Assets, including all payments due to the Seller, the Guarantor or any Affiliates of the foregoing thereunder; (S) all "general intangibles", "accounts", "chattel paper", "deposit accounts", "instruments", "securities", "financial assets" and "investment property" as defined in the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect from time to time relating to or constituting any and all of the foregoing; and (T) any and all replacements, substitutions, conversions, distributions on or proceeds of, from or on any and all of the foregoing; provided, however, none of the foregoing Purchased Items shall include any obligations. (ii) The Buyer and the Seller intend that the Transactions hereunder be sales to the Buyer of the Purchased Assets and not loans from the Buyer to the Seller secured by the Purchased Assets. However, in order to preserve the Buyer's rights under this Repurchase Agreement in the event that a court or other forum recharacterizes the Transactions hereunder as loans and as security for (A) the repayment of the Aggregate Unpaids and performance by the Seller of all of the Seller's obligations to the Buyer hereunder and under the Repurchase Documents and the Transactions entered into hereunder (collectively, the "Repurchase Obligations"), (B) the Seller-Related Obligations and (C) all expenses and charges, legal or otherwise, incurred in collecting or enforcing, realizing on or protecting any security for, the Repurchase Obligations and/or the Seller Related Obligations (the amounts described in the foregoing clauses A-C are collectively referred to as the "Obligations"), (a) the Seller hereby assigns, pledges and grants a security interest in all of its right, title and interest in, to and under the Purchased Items to the Buyer (on behalf of the Buyer and the Swap Counterparty) to secure the Obligations, (b) it is the express intent of the parties that conveyance of the Purchased Items be deemed a pledge of the Purchased Items by the Seller to the Buyer (on behalf of the Buyer and the Swap Counterparty) to secure a debt or other obligation of the Seller, and (c) (i) this Repurchase Agreement shall also be deemed to be a security agreement within the meaning of Article 9 of the UCC of the applicable jurisdiction; (ii) the conveyance provided for herein shall be deemed to be a grant by the Seller to the Buyer (on behalf of the Buyer and the Swap Counterparty) of a security interest in all of the Seller's right, title and interest in and to the Purchased Items; (iii) the assignment by the Buyer (on behalf of the Buyer and the Swap Counterparty) of the interest of the Buyer as contemplated herein shall be deemed to be an assignment of any security interest created hereunder; (iv) the possession by the Buyer or any of its agents, including, without limitation, the Custodian, of the Mortgage Loan Documents, the Purchased Items and such other items of Property as constitute instruments, money, negotiable documents or chattel paper shall be deemed to be possession by the secured party for purposes of perfecting the security interest pursuant to the UCC; and (v) notifications to Persons (other than the Buyer and the Swap Counterparty) holding such Property, and acknowledgments, receipts or confirmations from Persons (other than the Buyer and the Swap Counterparty) holding such Property, shall be deemed notifications to, or acknowledgments, receipts or confirmations from, financial intermediaries, bailees or agents (as applicable) of the secured party for the purpose of perfecting such security interest under the UCC and Applicable Law. The assignment, pledge and grant of security interest contained herein shall be, and the Seller hereby represents and warrants to the Buyer and the Swap Counterparty that it is, a first priority perfected security interest. The Seller agrees to mark its computer records and tapes to evidence the interests granted to the Buyer (on behalf of the Buyer and the Swap Counterparty) hereunder. All Purchased Items shall secure the payment of all Obligations now or Annex I-42 hereafter existing, including, without limitation, the Seller's obligation to repurchase Purchased Assets, or if such obligation is so recharacterized as a loan, to repay such loan for the Repurchase Price and to pay the Aggregate Unpaids and any and all other Obligations. For the avoidance of doubt and not by way of limitation of the foregoing, (A) each Purchased Asset, including all Income related thereto, secures the obligations of the Seller with respect to all other Transactions and the obligations with respect to all other Purchased Assets, including those Purchased Assets that are junior in priority to the Purchased Asset in question, and (B) if there is an Event of Default, no Purchased Item will be released from the Buyer's Lien or transferred to the Seller until the Obligations are indefeasibly paid in full. All references in this Repurchase Agreement and the other Repurchase Documents to the Buyer as the secured party or the rights of the Buyer as the secured party shall be deemed to include the Swap Counterparty as a secured party and the rights of the Swap Counterparty as a secured party. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Indebtedness of the Seller under the Obligations shall be full recourse to the Seller. (iii) Pursuant to the Custodial Agreement, the Custodian shall hold the Mortgage Asset Files as exclusive bailee pursuant to the terms of the Custodial Agreement and shall deliver the Trust Receipts (along with completed Mortgage Asset File Checklists attached thereto) to the Buyer (with a copy to the Seller), each such Trust Receipt to reflect that the Custodian has reviewed such Mortgage Asset Files in the manner and to the extent required by the Custodial Agreement and identifying any deficiencies in such Mortgage Asset Files as so reviewed. (iv) The assignment under this Paragraph 6 does not constitute and is not intended to result in the creation or an assumption by the Buyer of any obligation of the Seller or any other Person in connection with any or all of the Purchased Items or under any agreement or instrument relating thereto. Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, (i) the Seller shall remain liable under the Purchased Items to the extent set forth therein to perform all of their duties and obligations thereunder to the same extent as if the Repurchase Documents had not been executed, (ii) the exercise by the Buyer of any of its rights under, in or to the Purchased Items shall not release the Seller from any of its duties or obligations under the Purchased Items, and (iii) the Buyer shall not have any obligations or liability under the Purchased Items by reason of the Repurchase Documents or otherwise, nor shall the Buyer be obligated to perform any of the obligations or duties of the Seller or any other Person thereunder or to take any action to collect or enforce any claim for payment assigned hereunder. (b) Release of Lien on Purchased Assets. Except as otherwise provided in a Repurchase Document, at such time as any Purchased Asset is repurchased in accordance with this Repurchase Agreement, and the Repurchase Price and all other amounts due with respect thereto have been paid in full, the Buyer shall release its interest in such Purchased Asset and any related Purchased Items; provided, that, the Buyer will make no representation or warranty, express or implied, with respect to any such Purchased Asset or Purchased Items in connection with such release (other than with respect to Liens created by the Buyer), and any transfer of such Purchased Items shall be without recourse to or the expense of the Buyer. (c) Further Assurances. The provisions of Section 19 of this Repurchase Agreement shall apply to the security interest granted under Paragraph 6 of this Repurchase Agreement as well as to the Transactions hereunder. Annex I-43 (d) Remedies. Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, the Buyer shall have, with respect to the security interest in the Purchased Items granted pursuant to Paragraph 6 of this Repurchase Agreement, and in addition to all other rights and remedies available to the Buyer under this Repurchase Agreement, the Repurchase Documents and other Applicable Law, all rights and remedies of a secured party upon default under the UCC." (q) Paragraph 7 of the Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and the following is substituted therefor: "All of the Seller's right, title and interest in the Purchased Assets that constitute CMBS Securities shall pass to the Buyer on the applicable Purchase Date. The Seller shall deliver to the Buyer a complete set of all transfer documents to be completed by the Buyer and executed copies of any transfer documents to be completed by the Seller, in either case in blank, but in form sufficient to allow transfer and registration of such Purchased Assets to the Buyer no later than the proposed Purchase Date for the relevant Purchased Asset, and such CMBS Securities shall be medallion guaranteed. All transfers of certificated securities from the Seller to the Buyer shall be effected by physical delivery to the Buyer of the Purchased Assets (duly endorsed by the Seller, in blank) together with a stock power executed by the Seller, in blank. With respect to Purchased Assets that shall be delivered through the DTC or the National Book Entry System of the Federal Reserve, as applicable, in book-entry form and credited to or otherwise held in an account, the Seller shall take such actions necessary to provide instruction to the relevant financial institution, clearing corporation, securities intermediary or other entity, to effect and perfect a legally valid delivery of the relevant interest granted herein to the Buyer hereunder to be held in the Securities Account. Purchased Assets delivered in book-entry form shall be under the custody of and held in the name of the Buyer in the Securities Account." (r) Paragraph 8 of the Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and the following is substituted therefor: "Title to all Purchased Items shall pass to the Buyer, and the Buyer shall have free and unrestricted use of all Purchased Items subject to the terms of this Repurchase Agreement. Nothing in this Repurchase Agreement shall preclude the Buyer from engaging in repurchase transactions with the Purchased Items or otherwise selling, pledging, syndicating, repledging, transferring, hypothecating, or rehypothecating the Purchased Items, all on terms that the Buyer may determine in its discretion subject, however, to the Buyer's obligations to apply Income and reconvey the Purchased Assets to the Seller in accordance with the terms hereof. Nothing contained in this Repurchase Agreement shall obligate the Buyer to segregate any Purchased Items transferred to the Buyer by the Seller. Nothing contained in this Repurchase Agreement shall prohibit the Buyer from causing Purchased Items purchased hereunder to be transferred or re-allocated to one or more other facilities in its discretion. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Buyer shall reconvey, without recourse, representation or warranty, the Purchased Items to the Seller free and clear of all Liens created by the Buyer, in accordance with the terms of this Repurchase Agreement." (s) Paragraph 9 of the Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and shall be disregarded entirely. Annex I-44 (t) Paragraph 10 of the Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and the following is substituted therefor: "The Seller represents and warrants, as of the date of this Repurchase Agreement and any Transaction hereunder and at all times while any Repurchase Document and any Transaction hereunder is in full force and effect, as follows: (a) Organization and Good Standing. Each of the Seller and the Guarantor has been duly organized, and is validly existing as a limited liability company, with respect to the Seller, and as a corporation, with respect to the Guarantor, in good standing, under the laws of the State of Delaware and Maryland, respectively, with all requisite power and authority to own or lease its Properties and conduct its business as such business is presently conducted, and had, at all relevant times, and now has, all necessary power, authority and legal right to acquire, own, sell and pledge the Purchased Items. (b) Due Qualification. Each of the Seller and the Guarantor is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing as a limited liability company or corporation, as applicable, and has obtained all necessary licenses and approvals, in all jurisdictions in which the ownership or lease its Property or the conduct of its business requires such qualification, licenses or approvals. (c) Power and Authority; Due Authorization; Execution and Delivery. Each of the Seller and the Guarantor (i) has all necessary power, authority and legal right (A) to execute and deliver the Repurchase Documents to which it is a party, (B) to carry out and perform the terms of the Repurchase Documents to which it is a party, and (C) to sell, assign and pledge the Purchased Items on the terms and conditions provided herein but subject to the terms of the Mortgage Loan Documents, and (ii) has duly authorized by all necessary corporate or limited liability company action, as applicable, (A) the execution, delivery and performance of the Repurchase Documents to which it is a party, and (B) the sale, assignment and pledge of the Purchased Items on the terms and conditions herein provided. The Repurchase Documents to which the Seller or the Guarantor is a party have been duly executed and delivered by the Seller and the Guarantor. (d) Binding Obligation. Each of the Repurchase Documents to which each of the Seller and the Guarantor is a party constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Seller and the Guarantor, enforceable against the Seller and the Guarantor in accordance with its respective terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by Insolvency Laws and by general principles of equity (whether considered in a suit at law or in equity). (e) Security Interest. (i) This Repurchase Agreement and the other Repurchase Documents constitute a valid transfer to the Buyer of all right, title and interest of the Seller in, to and under all Purchased Items, free and clear of any Lien of any Person claiming through or under the Seller, the Guarantor, the Pledgor or any of their Affiliates, except for Permitted Liens and the Seller's repurchase rights described herein, and is enforceable against creditors of and purchasers from the Seller. If the conveyances contemplated by this Repurchase Agreement are determined to be transfers for security, then this Repurchase Agreement constitutes a grant of a security interest in all Purchased Items to the Buyer, that, upon the delivery of the Confirmations, the Assignments and Mortgage Asset Files to the Annex I-45 Custodian and the filing of the financing statements described in Section 3, shall be a first priority perfected security interest in all Purchased Items to the extent such Purchased Items can be perfected by possession, by filing or control, subject only to Permitted Liens. Neither the Seller nor any Person claiming through or under the Seller shall have any claim to or interest in the Collection Account or the Securities Account, except for the interest of the Seller in such property as a debtor for purposes of the UCC; (ii) Other than the Lien and transfers contemplated hereunder, the Seller has not sold, assigned, pledged, encumbered or otherwise conveyed any of the Purchased Items to any Person, and, immediately prior to the sale to the Buyer, the Seller was the sole owner of such Purchased Items, and the Seller owns and has good and marketable title to the Purchased Items free and clear of any Lien (other than Permitted Liens); (iii) The Seller has received all consents and approvals, if any, required by the terms of any Purchased Items to the sale and granting of a security interest in the Purchased Items hereunder to the Buyer; (iv) Upon execution and delivery of the Account Agreement and the Securities Account Agreement, the Buyer shall either be the owner of, or have a valid and fully perfected first priority security interest in, the Collection Account and the Securities Account and the securities, deposits, investment property and other Purchased Items contained therein; (v) The Seller has not authorized the filing of and is not aware of any financing statements against the Seller as debtor that include a description of collateral covering the Purchased Items other than any financing statement (A) that has been terminated, or (B) granted pursuant to this Repurchase Agreement. The Seller is not aware of the filing of any judgment or tax Lien filings against the Seller; (vi) None of the Mortgage Loan Documents has any marks or notations indicating that it has been pledged, assigned or otherwise conveyed to any Person other than the Buyer. (f) Tax Liens. Each of the Seller and the Guarantor have timely filed returns for and, subject to the next sentence, paid all applicable federal, state, and local Taxes. The Seller and the Guarantor represents and warrants that there are no delinquent federal, state, city, county or other Taxes relating to such Person, the Purchased Items or any arrangement pursuant to which the Purchased Items are issued, except those relating to the Seller or Guarantor that are being contested by such Person, in good faith and with respect to which payment has been stayed by a court of competent jurisdiction. (g) Financial Statements. Each of the Seller and the Guarantor represents and warrants that, since the date of the financial statements heretofore most recently delivered by such Person (which such Person represents and warrants to be the most recent financial statement), there has been no development or event (or prospective development or event), that would constitute a material adverse change in such Person's financial condition or results of operations or any other Material Adverse Effect. (h) No Proceedings. There is no litigation, proceeding or investigation pending or, to the best knowledge of the Seller or the Guarantor, threatened in writing against the Seller or the Guarantor, before any Governmental Authority (i) asserting the invalidity of Annex I-46 the Repurchase Documents, (ii) seeking to prevent the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by the Repurchase Documents to which the Seller or the Guarantor is a party, or (iii) seeking any determination or ruling that could reasonably be expected to have Material Adverse Effect. (i) No Violation or Defaults. The consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Repurchase Documents to which each of the Seller and the Guarantor is a party and the fulfillment of the terms of the Repurchase Documents will not (i) conflict with, result in any breach of any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute (with or without notice or lapse of time or both) a default under, the Seller's or the Guarantor's, as applicable, Governing Documents or any material Indebtedness, Guarantee Obligation or Contractual Obligation of the Seller or the Guarantor, as applicable, (ii) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien (other than Permitted Liens) upon any of the Seller's or the Guarantor's Properties pursuant to the terms of any such Indebtedness, Contractual Obligation or Guarantee Obligation other than this Repurchase Agreement, or (iii) violate any Applicable Law. (j) All Consents Required. All approvals, authorizations, consents, orders or other actions of any Person or of any Governmental Authority (if any) required for the due execution, delivery and performance by the Seller and the Guarantor of the Repurchase Documents to which each is a party (including the transfer of and the grant of a security interest in the Purchased Items) have been obtained, effected, waived or given and are in full force and effect. (k) Bulk Sales. The execution, delivery and performance of this Repurchase Agreement and the other Repurchase Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby do not require compliance with any "bulk sales" act or similar law by the Seller or the Guarantor. (l) No Event of Default. No Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing hereunder. (m) Insurance. Each of the Seller and the Guarantor has and maintains, with respect to its Properties and business, insurance which meets the requirements of Section 5(r) of this Repurchase Agreement. In addition, the Seller shall maintain the insurance required by Section 5.7 of the Custodial Agreement. (n) Environmental Matters. With respect to Properties of the Seller or the Guarantor other than Purchased Assets: (i) No Properties owned or leased by the Seller or the Guarantor and, to the knowledge of the Seller and the Guarantor, no Properties formerly owned or leased by the Seller or the Guarantor, or any Subsidiaries thereof, contain, or have previously contained, any Materials of Environmental Concern in amounts or concentrations that constitute or constituted a violation of, or reasonably could be expected to give rise to liability under, Environmental Laws; (ii) Each of the Seller and the Guarantor is in compliance, and has in the last five (5) years (or such shorter period as the Seller and/or the Guarantor shall have been in existence) been in compliance, with all applicable Environmental Laws, and, to the knowledge of the Seller and the Guarantor, there is no violation of any Environmental Annex I-47 Laws that reasonably could be expected to interfere with the continued operations of the Seller or the Guarantor; (iii) Neither the Seller nor the Guarantor has received any notice of violation, alleged violation, non-compliance, liability or potential liability under any Environmental Law, nor does the Seller or the Guarantor have knowledge that any such notice will be received or is being threatened; (iv) Materials of Environmental Concern have not been transported or disposed of by the Seller or the Guarantor (including any employee or agent of either the Seller or the Guarantor) in violation of, or in a manner or to a location that reasonably could be expected to give rise to liability under, any applicable Environmental Law, nor has any of them generated, treated, stored or disposed of at, on or under any of the Properties in violation of, or in a manner that reasonably could be expected to give rise to liability under, any applicable Environmental Law; (v) No judicial proceedings or governmental or administrative action is pending, or, to the knowledge of the Seller or the Guarantor, threatened, under any Environmental Law to which the Seller or the Guarantor is or will be named as a party, nor are there any consent decrees or other decrees, consent orders, administrative orders or other orders, or other administrative or judicial requirements arising out of judicial proceedings or governmental or administrative actions, outstanding under any Environmental Law to which the Seller or the Guarantor is a party; (vi) There has been no release or, to the best knowledge of the Seller and the Guarantor, threat of release of Materials of Environmental Concern in violation of or in amounts or in a manner that reasonably could be expected to give rise to liability under any Environmental Law for which the Seller or the Guarantor may become liable; and (vii) To the best knowledge of the Seller and the Guarantor, each of the representations and warranties set forth in the preceding clauses (i) through (vi) is true and correct with respect to each parcel of real property owned or operated by the Seller or the Guarantor. (o) Investment Company Act. Each of the Seller and the Guarantor represents and warrants to Buyer that it is a "qualified purchaser" as defined in Section 2(a)(51) of the 40 Act. Neither of the Seller nor the Guarantor is required to register as or is controlled by an entity required to register as an "investment company" within the meaning of the 40 Act. (p) Patriot Act. Each of the Seller and the Guarantor represents and warrants that, to its actual knowledge, it is in compliance, in all material respects, with the (i) the Trading with the Enemy Act, as amended, and each of the foreign assets control regulations of the United States Treasury Department (31 C.F.R. , Subtitle B, Chapter V, as amended) and any other applicable enabling legislation or executive order relating thereto, (ii) the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism (USA Patriot Act of 2001), and (iii) all other anti-money laundering laws and regulations. The Seller and the Guarantor has established an adequate anti-money laundering compliance program as required by the above-referenced laws and has conducted the requisite due diligence in connection with the origination or acquisition of each Purchased Asset for purposes of such laws and the Annex I-48 acquisition of each of the Purchased Assets by the Seller, its agents and/or Affiliates complies with each of the above-references laws. No part of the proceeds of any Transaction will be used, directly or indirectly, for any payments to any governmental official or employee, political party, official of a political party, candidate for political office, or anyone else acting in an official capacity, in order to obtain, retain or direct business or obtain any improper advantage, in violation of the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended. (q) Office of Foreign Assets Control. Each of the Seller and the Guarantor represents and warrants that it is not a Person (i) whose Property or interest in Property is blocked or subject to blocking pursuant to Section 1 of Executive Order 13224 of September 23, 2001 Blocking Property and Prohibiting Transactions With Persons Who Commit, Threaten to Commit, or Support Terrorism (66 Fed. Reg. 49079 (2001)), (ii) who engages in any dealings or transactions prohibited by Section 2 of such executive order, or, to the Seller's and the Guarantor's actual knowledge, is otherwise associated with any such Person in any manner violative of Section 2 of such executive order, or (iii) on the current list of Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons or subject to the limitations or prohibitions under any other U.S. Department of Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control regulation or executive order. (r) Certain Tax Matters. Each of the Seller and the Guarantor represents, warrants, acknowledges and agrees, that it does not intend to treat any Transaction or any related transactions hereunder as being a "reportable transaction" (within the meaning of United States Treasury Department Regulation Section 1.6011-4). In the event that the Seller or the Guarantor determines to take any action inconsistent with such intention, it will promptly notify the Buyer. If the Seller or the Guarantor so notifies the Buyer, the Seller or Guarantor, as applicable, acknowledges and agrees that the Buyer may treat each Transaction as part of a transaction that is subject to United States Treasury Department Regulation Section 301.6112-1, and the Buyer will maintain the lists and other records required by such Treasury Regulation. (s) True and Complete Disclosure. Each of the Seller and the Guarantor represents and warrants that the information, reports, financial statements, exhibits and schedules furnished in writing by or on behalf of the Seller or the Guarantor to the Buyer in connection with the negotiation, preparation or delivery of this Repurchase Agreement and the other Repurchase Documents or included herein or therein or delivered pursuant hereto or thereto, when taken as a whole, do not contain any untrue statement of material fact or knowingly omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements herein or therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. There is no fact known to the Seller or the Guarantor, after due inquiry, that would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect that has not been disclosed herein or in a report, financial statement, exhibit, schedule, disclosure letter or other writing furnished to the Buyer for use in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby. All written information furnished after the date hereof by or on behalf of the Seller or the Guarantor to the Buyer in connection with this Repurchase Agreement or the other Repurchase Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby will be true, complete and accurate in all material respects, or (in the case of projections) based on reasonable estimates, on the date as of which such information is stated or certified. Annex I-49 (t) Solvency. None of this Repurchase Agreement, any other Repurchase Document or any Transaction hereunder is entered into in contemplation of insolvency or with intent to hinder, delay or defraud any of the Seller's or the Guarantor's creditors. The transfer of the Purchased Items subject hereto, the obligation to repurchase such Purchased Items and the entering into of the Repurchase Documents (including the Guaranty) are not undertaken with the intent to hinder, delay or defraud any of the Seller's or the Guarantor's creditors. As of each Purchase Date, the Seller and the Guarantor are and will be Solvent, and the transfer and sale of the Purchased Items pursuant hereto, the obligation to repurchase such Purchased Items and the entering into of the Repurchase Documents (including the Guaranty) will not render any such party not Solvent. No petition in bankruptcy has been filed against either Seller or the Guarantor in the last ten (10) years, and neither the Seller nor the Guarantor has in the last ten (10) years made an assignment for the benefit of creditors or taken advantage of any debtor relief laws. (u) Exchange Act Compliance; Regulations T, U and X. None of the Transactions contemplated herein (including, without limitation, the use of the proceeds from the sale of the Purchased Items) will violate or result in a violation of Section 7 of the Exchange Act, or any regulations issued pursuant thereto, including, without limitation, Regulations T, U and X. Neither the Seller nor the Guarantor owns or intends to carry or purchase, and no proceeds from the Transactions will be used to carry or purchase, any "margin stock" within the meaning of Regulation U or to extend "purpose credit" within the meaning of Regulation U. (v) ERISA Compliance. (A) Neither the Seller nor Guarantor has established nor maintained any Plan; and (B) each of Seller and Guarantor either (1) qualifies as an Operating Company; (2) complies with an exception set forth in the Plan Asset Regulations such that the assets of such Person would not be subject to Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code; or (3) does not hold any Plan Assets that are subject to ERISA. (w) Eligibility of Purchased Assets. With respect to each Purchased Asset, to the Seller's actual knowledge, the Seller is not aware of any material exception to or non-compliance with the eligibility criteria set forth on Schedule 1 to this Repurchase Agreement applicable to such Purchased Asset. (x) Interest Rate Protection Agreements. Each of the Seller and the Guarantor represents and warrants that no "default" has occurred or is continuing under any Interest Rate Protection Agreement. (y) Tradenames. The exact legal name of each of the Seller and the Guarantor is set forth on the signature pages to this Repurchase Agreement. Neither of the Seller nor the Guarantor has any trade names, fictitious names, assumed names or "doing business as" names or other names under which it has done or is doing business. (z) Ongoing Representations. On the Purchase Date for each Transaction and on each day that a Purchased Asset remains subject to this Repurchase Agreement, the Seller shall be deemed to restate and make each of the representations and warranties made by it in this Paragraph 10 of this Repurchase Agreement. (aa) Value Given. The Seller shall have given reasonably equivalent value to each Transferor in consideration for the transfer to the Seller of the Purchased Items under the Annex I-50 applicable Purchase Agreement, no such transfer shall have been made for or on account of an antecedent debt owed by the Transferor thereunder to the Seller, and no such transfer is or may be voidable or subject to avoidance under any section of the Bankruptcy Code. (bb) [RESERVED]. (cc) Compliance. Each of the Seller and the Guarantor has complied in all material respects (i) with all Applicable Laws to which it may be subject, and no Purchased Item contravenes any Applicable Laws (including, without limitation, laws, rules and regulations relating to licensing, truth in lending, fair credit billing, fair credit reporting, equal credit opportunity, fair debt collection practices and privacy) and (ii) all Contractual Obligations, Indebtedness and Guarantee Obligations. (dd) Income. The Seller acknowledges that all Income received by it or its Affiliates and the Servicers and PSA Servicers with respect to the Purchased Items sold hereunder are held in trust and shall be held in trust for the benefit of the Buyer until deposited into the Collection Account as required herein. (ee) Set-Off, etc. No Purchased Item has been compromised, adjusted, extended, satisfied, subordinated, rescinded, set-off or modified by the Seller, the Guarantor or any Affiliate of the foregoing, and no Purchased Item is subject to compromise, adjustment, extension (except as set forth in the related Mortgage Asset File), satisfaction, subordination, rescission, set-off, counterclaim, defense, abatement, suspension, deferment, deduction, reduction, termination or modification, whether arising out of transactions concerning the Purchased Item or otherwise, by the Seller, the Guarantor or any Affiliate of the foregoing, except for amendments to such Purchased Items otherwise permitted under Section 6(e)(iii) of this Repurchase Agreement. (ff) Full Payment. The Seller or the Guarantor has knowledge of any fact that should lead it to expect that any Purchased Asset will not be paid in full. (gg) Assignments. The Assignments do not violate any provisions of the underlying Mortgage Loan Documents, such documents do not contain any express or implied prohibitions on sales or assignments of the Purchased Assets to national banks, and such agreements are valid, binding and enforceable against the Seller. (hh) Acting as Principal. The Seller will engage in such Transactions as principal, or, if agreed in writing in advance of any Transaction by the Buyer, as agent for a disclosed principal. (ii) No Broker. Neither the Seller, the Guarantor nor any Affiliate of the foregoing has dealt with any broker, investment banker, agent or other Person, except for the Buyer (or an Affiliate of the Buyer), who may be entitled to any commission or compensation in connection with the sale of Purchased Assets pursuant to this Repurchase Agreement. (jj) Ability to Perform. Neither the Seller nor the Guarantor believes, nor do they have any reason or cause to believe, that it cannot perform each and every agreement and covenant contained in the Repurchase Documents applicable to it and to which it is a party. Annex I-51 (kk) Financial Condition. (i) The audited consolidated balance sheet of the Guarantor and its Consolidated Subsidiaries as of the fiscal year ending December 31, 2004 provided to the Buyer and the related audited consolidated statements of income and retained earnings and of cash flows for the year then ended, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the previous year, reported on without a "going concern" or like qualification arising out of the scope of the audit conducted by Ernst & Young LLP, copies of which have heretofore been furnished to the Buyer, are complete and correct and present fairly the consolidated financial condition of the Guarantor and its Consolidated Subsidiaries of the foregoing as of such date, and the consolidated results of their operations and their consolidated cash flows for the fiscal year then ended. All such financial statements, including the related schedules and notes thereto (if any), have been prepared in accordance with GAAP applied consistently throughout the periods involved (except as disclosed therein). Neither the Guarantor nor any of its Consolidated Subsidiaries had, as of the date of the most recent balance sheet referred to above, any material contingent liability or liability for taxes, or any long term lease or unusual forward or long term commitment, including, without limitation, any interest rate or foreign currency swap or exchange transaction or other financial derivative, that is not reflected in the foregoing statements or in the notes thereto. During the period from December 31, 2004 to and including the date hereof, there has been no sale, transfer or other disposition by the Seller, the Guarantor or any Consolidated Subsidiaries of the foregoing of any material part of their business or Property and no purchase or other acquisition of any business or Property (including any Capital Stock of any other Person) material in relation to the consolidated financial condition of the Seller, the Guarantor or any Consolidated Subsidiaries of the foregoing on the date hereof other than (A) the sale of 729 7th Avenue and (B) the repayment of approximately $25,000,000 of mortgage debt. (ii) The operating forecast and cash flow projections of the Seller, the Guarantor and any Consolidated Subsidiaries of the foregoing, copies of which have heretofore been furnished to the Buyer, have been prepared in good faith under the direction of a Responsible Officer of the Seller and the Guarantor and in accordance with GAAP. Neither the Seller nor the Guarantor has any reason to believe that as of the date of delivery thereof such operating forecast and cash flow projections are materially incorrect or misleading in any material respect or omit to state any material fact which would render them misleading in any material respect. (ll) Servicing Agreements. The Seller has delivered to the Buyer all Servicing Agreements and all Pooling and Servicing Agreements with respect to the Purchased Assets, and, to the best of the Seller's knowledge, no material default or event of default exists thereunder. (mm) Seller's Indebtedness. The Seller has no Indebtedness or Contractual Obligations other than (i) ordinary trade payables, (ii) in connection with Mortgage Assets originated or acquired for this Facility and (iii) the Repurchase Documents. The Seller has no Guarantee Obligations. (nn) [RESERVED]. (oo) Purchased Assets. (i) There are no outstanding rights, options, warrants or agreements for the purchase, sale or issuance of the Purchased Assets created by, through, Annex I-52 or as a result of the Seller's or the Guarantor's actions or inactions; (ii) there are no agreements on the part of the Seller or the Guarantor to issue, sell or distribute the Purchased Assets, other than this Repurchase Agreement, and (iii) other than this Repurchase Agreement, the Seller has no obligation (contingent or otherwise) to purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any securities or any interest therein or to pay any dividend or make any distribution in respect of the Purchased Assets. (pp) No Defenses. To the actual knowledge of the Seller and the Guarantor, there are no defenses, offsets, counterclaims, abatements, rights of rescission or other claims, legal or equitable, available to the Seller or the Guarantor or any other Person with respect to this Repurchase Agreement, the Engagement Letter, the Repurchase Documents, any other instrument, document and/or agreement described herein or therein (including, without limitation, the validity or enforceability of any of the foregoing) or with respect to the obligation of the Seller and the Guarantor to repay the Aggregate Unpaids and other amounts due hereunder. (qq) Separateness. As of the date hereof, the Seller (i) owns no assets, and does not engage in any business, other than the assets and transactions intended to be transferred to the Buyer under this Repurchase Agreement; (ii) has not incurred any indebtedness or obligation, secured or unsecured, direct or indirect, absolute or contingent (including guaranteeing any obligation), other than (A) with respect to Retained Interests, (B) commitments to make loans which may become Eligible Assets, and (C) as permitted herein; (iii) has not made any loans or advances to any Affiliate other than loans to the Guarantor that have been disclosed in writing to and approved in writing by the Buyer, and has not acquired obligations or securities of its Affiliates; (iv) has paid its debts and liabilities (including, as applicable, shared personnel and overhead expenses) only from its own assets; (v) complies with the provisions of its organizational documents; (vi) does all things necessary to observe organizational formalities and to preserve its existence, and has not amended, modified or otherwise changed its Governing Documents other than as the same have been heretofore amended, or suffered same to be amended, modified or otherwise changed other than as the same have been heretofore amended; (vii) maintains all of its books, records, financial statements and bank accounts separate from those of its Affiliates (except that such financial statements may be consolidated to the extent consolidation is required under GAAP consistently applied or as a matter of Applicable Law); (viii) is, and at all times holds itself out to the public as, a legal entity separate and distinct from any other entity (including any Affiliate), corrects any known misunderstanding regarding its status as a separate entity, conducts business in its own name, and does not identify itself or any of its Affiliates as a division or part of the other; (ix) maintains adequate capital for the normal obligations reasonably foreseeable in a business of its size and character and in light of its contemplated business operations; (x) does not engage in or suffer any direct change of ownership, dissolution, winding up, liquidation, consolidation or merger in whole or in part; (xi) does not commingle its funds or other assets with those of any Affiliate or any other Person; (xii) maintains its accounts separately from those of any Affiliate or any other Person; (xiii) does not hold itself out to be responsible for the debts or obligations of any other Person; (xiv) has not (A) filed or consented to the filing of any Insolvency Proceeding with respect to the Seller, instituted any proceedings under any applicable Insolvency Law or otherwise sought any relief under any laws relating to the relief from debts or the protection of debtors generally with respect to the Seller, (B) sought or consented to the appointment of a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator, custodian or any similar official for the Seller or a substantial portion of its properties or (C) made any assignment for the benefit of the Annex I-53 Seller's creditors; (xv) has at least one (1) Independent Director or such greater number as required by the Buyer or any Rating Agency; (xvi) maintains an arm's length relationship with its Affiliates; (xvii) uses separate stationary, invoices and checks; and (xviii) allocates fairly and reasonably any overhead for shared office space. (rr) Subsidiaries. The Seller is a Subsidiary of the Guarantor. The Seller does not have any Subsidiaries. (ss) REIT Status. The Guarantor qualifies as a REIT. (tt) No Reliance. Each of the Seller and the Guarantor has made its own independent decisions to enter into the Repurchase Documents and each Transaction and as to whether such Transaction is appropriate and proper for it based upon its own judgment and upon advice from such advisors (including, without limitation, legal counsel and accountants) as it has deemed necessary. Each of the Seller and the Guarantor is not relying upon any advice from the Buyer as to any aspect of the Transactions, including, without limitation, the legal, accounting or tax treatment of such Transactions." (u) Paragraph 11 of the Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and the following is substituted therefor: "In the event that (i) the aggregate Repurchase Price for all Transactions outstanding on any day exceeds the Maximum Amount and the same continues unremedied for two (2) Business Days after notice from the Buyer; (ii) a Servicer Default occurs and is continuing; (iii) an Act of Insolvency relating to the Seller, the Guarantor, the Pledgor shall have occurred, or any Act of Insolvency shall have occurred with respect to any Affiliate of the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor and the same affects, impacts or impairs (A) any Lien, right or other interest of the Buyer under any of the Repurchase Documents or (B) the Seller's, the Guarantor's or the Pledgor's performance, or ability to perform, its obligations, duties or agreements under any of the Repurchase Documents; (iv) the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor shall become required to register as an "investment company" within the meaning of the 40 Act or the arrangements contemplated by the Repurchase Documents shall require registration as an "investment company" within the meaning of the 40 Act; (v) there shall exist any event or occurrence that has caused or resulted in a Material Adverse Effect with respect to clauses (a), (b), (c) or (d) of the definition of Material Adverse Effect; (vi) (A) any Repurchase Document, or any Lien or security interest granted thereunder, shall (except in accordance with its terms), in whole or in part, terminate, cease to be effective or cease to be the legally valid, binding and enforceable obligation of the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor, (B) the Seller, the Guarantor, the Pledgor, or any other Person shall, directly or indirectly, contest in any manner the effectiveness, validity, binding nature or enforceability of any Repurchase Document or any Lien or security interest thereunder, (C) the Purchased Items shall not have been sold to the Buyer, or the Liens contemplated under the Repurchase Documents shall cease or fail to be first priority perfected Liens on any Purchased Items or the Equity Interests or shall be Liens in favor of any Person other than the Buyer or (D) the Seller, the Guarantor, the Pledgor or any of their Affiliates shall grant, or suffer to exist, any Lien on any Purchased Item or the Equity Interests (except Permitted Liens); (vii) the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor shall have failed to observe or perform in any material respect any of the covenants or agreements of the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor set forth in this Repurchase Agreement or the other Repurchase Documents to which the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor is a party and Annex I-54 the same continues unremedied for a period of twenty (20) calendar days after the earlier to occur of (A) the date on which written notice of such failure requiring the same to be remedied shall have been given to the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor by the Buyer, and (B) the date on which the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor becomes aware thereof; (viii) any representation, warranty or certification made by the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor in this Repurchase Agreement or any Repurchase Document or in any certificate or other document or agreement delivered pursuant to this Repurchase Agreement or any Repurchase Document (in each case other than the eligibility criteria contained in Schedule 1 to this Repurchase Agreement unless the Seller shall have affirmed or confirmed any such criteria with actual knowledge that it was not satisfied in any material respect) shall prove to have been incorrect in any material respect when made or deemed made and the same continues unremedied for a period of twenty (20) calendar days after the earlier to occur of (A) the date on which written notice of such failure requiring the same to be remedied shall have been given to the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor by the Buyer, and (B) the date on which the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor becomes aware thereof; (ix) (A) the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor shall have failed to make any payment due with respect to any material Indebtedness in excess of (1) $5,000,000 in the case of the Guarantor and the Pledgor, and (2) $1,000,000 in the case of the Seller (in each case including, without limitation, recourse debt), any Guarantee Obligations or any material Contractual Obligation in excess of $5,000,000 in the case of the Guarantor and the Pledgor, and $1,000,000 in the case of the Seller, to which the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor as applicable, is a party, or a default or an event or condition shall have occurred that would permit acceleration of any of the foregoing whether or not such event or condition has been waived, (B) the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor shall be in default of any monetary obligation with respect to any Seller-Related Obligation (other than the Swap Documents) or (C) the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor shall be in default with respect to any obligation under the Swap Documents; (x) (A) the Seller shall default in the payment of (1) any Repurchase Price due (including, without limitation, pursuant to Paragraph 3 of the Repurchase Agreement) or (2) any amount due under Paragraph 5 of this Repurchase Agreement or any other provision of this Repurchase Agreement or the Repurchase Documents when due (whether at stated maturity, upon acceleration or at mandatory or optional prepayment), or (B) the failure of the Seller, the Guarantor, the Pledgor, any Affiliate of the forgoing, any Servicer, any PSA Servicer or any other Person to timely deposit to the Collection Account all Income as required by Section 5 of this Repurchase Agreement or the failure of the Seller to deposit or credit to the Securities Account any uncertificated CMBS Security and related Purchased Items required to be deposited or credited to such account; (xi) the Seller shall have failed to pay any Margin Deficit due under Paragraph 4 of this Repurchase Agreement by the Margin Correction Deadline; (xii) the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor shall default in the payment of any other amount payable by it hereunder or under any other Repurchase Document after notification by the Buyer of such default, and such default shall have continued unremedied for two (2) Business Days; (xiii) a final judgment or judgments for the payment of money in excess of (1) $5,000,000 in the case of the Guarantor and the Pledgor, and (2) $1,000,000 in the case of the Seller, in the aggregate shall be rendered against the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor, as applicable, by one (1) or more courts, administrative tribunals or other bodies or any Governmental Authority having jurisdiction, and the same shall not be satisfied, discharged (or provision shall not be made for such discharge) or bonded, or a stay of execution thereof shall not be procured, within thirty (30) days from the date of entry thereof; (xiv) the Seller, the Guarantor, the Pledgor or an ERISA Affiliate shall engage in a non-exempt prohibited transaction (as Annex I-55 defined in Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code); (xv) the Seller fails to repurchase Purchased Assets on the applicable Repurchase Date, including, without limitation the Facility Maturity Date, and to pay all amounts due in connection therewith; (xvi) NRFC Sub-REIT Corp. shall cease to own directly 100% of the issued and outstanding Capital Stock of the Seller; (xvii) the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor shall admit its inability to, or its intentions not to, perform its obligations, covenants or agreements under any Repurchase Document or admit that it is not Solvent; or (xviii) the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor shall merge or consolidate into any entity, and such entity is, in Buyer's opinion, materially weaker in its financial condition (in the aggregate) than such Person pre-merger or consolidation (each an "Event of Default"): (a) (i) At the option of the Buyer, exercised by written notice to the Seller (which option shall be deemed to have been exercised, even if no notice is given, immediately upon the occurrence of an Act of Insolvency of the Seller, the Guarantor, the Pledgor or, subject to Paragraph 11(iii) of the Repurchase Agreement, any of their Affiliates), the Repurchase Date for each Transaction hereunder, if it has not already occurred, shall be deemed immediately to occur (except that, in the event that the Purchase Date for any Transaction has not yet occurred as of the date of such exercise or deemed exercise, such Transaction shall be deemed immediately cancelled without any liability to the Buyer). The Buyer shall (except upon the occurrence of an Insolvency of the Seller, the Guarantor, the Pledgor or, subject to Paragraph 11(iii) of the Repurchase Agreement, any of their Affiliates) give notice to the Seller of the exercise of such option as promptly as practicable. (ii) If the Buyer exercises or is deemed to have exercised the option referred to in Paragraph 11(a)(i) of this Repurchase Agreement, (A) (1) the Seller's obligations in such Transactions to repurchase all Purchased Items, at the Repurchase Price therefor on the Repurchase Date, and, without duplication, to pay the Aggregate Unpaids and all other Obligations hereunder and under the other Repurchase Documents, shall thereupon become immediately due and payable, (2) all Income paid after such exercise or deemed exercise shall be retained by the Buyer and applied to the aggregate unpaid Repurchase Price, the Aggregate Unpaids and any other Obligations, and (3) the Seller shall immediately deliver to the Buyer any Purchased Items subject to such Transactions then in the Seller's possession or control; and (B) all Income actually received by the Buyer pursuant to Paragraph 3(e)(i) of this Repurchase Agreement (excluding any Late Payment Fees paid pursuant to Paragraph 5 of this Repurchase Agreement) shall be applied to the aggregate unpaid Repurchase Price and Aggregate Unpaids and any other Obligations, in such order as the Buyer shall determine in its discretion. (iii) Upon the occurrence of one or more Events of Default, and subject to Section 6(n) of this Repurchase Agreement, the Buyer shall have the right to obtain physical possession of the Servicing Records (subject to the provisions of the Custodial Agreement), the Servicing Files, the Servicing Agreements and all other files of the Seller or any third party acting for the Seller relating to the Purchased Items and all documents relating to the Purchased Items which are then or may thereafter come into the possession of the Seller or any third party acting for the Seller, and the Seller shall deliver to the Buyer such assignments as the Buyer shall request (all of the foregoing being at the Annex I-56 expense of the Seller), and the Buyer shall have the right to appoint any Person to act as the Servicer for the Purchased Assets. (iv) At any time after the second (2nd) Business Day following notice to the Seller (which notice may be the notice given under Paragraph 11(a)(i) of this Repurchase Agreement), in the event the Seller have not repurchased all Purchased Items, the Buyer may (A) immediately sell, without demand or further notice of any kind, at a public or private sale and at such price or prices as the Buyer may deem reasonably satisfactory any or all Purchased Items subject to such Transactions hereunder and apply the proceeds thereof to the aggregate unpaid Repurchase Price, the Aggregate Unpaids and all other Obligations, or (B) in its discretion, elect, in lieu of selling all or a portion of such Purchased Items, to give the Seller credit for such Purchased Items in an amount equal to the Market Value (as determined by the Buyer in its discretion) of the Purchased Items against the aggregate unpaid Repurchase Price, the Aggregate Unpaids and all other Obligations. The proceeds of any disposition of Purchased Items shall be applied first to the costs and expenses incurred by the Buyer in connection with the Seller's default; second to the costs of related covering and/or related hedging transactions; third to the Repurchase Price; fourth to the Aggregate Unpaids and any other Obligations; and fifth, to the Seller. (v) Each Party hereto agrees that the other Party may obtain an injunction or an order of specific performance to compel such other party to fulfill any of its obligations as set forth in the Repurchase Documents if such other party fails or refuses to perform its obligations as set forth therein. (vi) The Seller shall be liable to the Buyer, payable as and when incurred by the Buyer, for (A) the amount of all reasonable actual out-of-pocket expenses, including legal or other expenses incurred by the Buyer in connection with or as a consequence of an Event of Default, and (B) all reasonable costs incurred in connection with hedging or covering transactions. (iii) The Buyer shall have, in addition to its rights hereunder, any rights otherwise available to it under any other agreement or Applicable Law. (b) The Buyer may exercise one or more of the remedies available to the Buyer immediately upon the occurrence of an Event of Default and, except to the extent provided in Paragraph 11(a)(i) and 11(a)(iv) of this Repurchase Agreement, at any time thereafter without notice to the Seller. All rights and remedies arising under this Repurchase Agreement and the other Repurchase Documents, as amended from time to time, are cumulative and not exclusive of any other rights or remedies that the Buyer may have. (c) The Buyer may enforce its rights and remedies hereunder without prior judicial process or hearing, and the Seller and the Guarantor hereby expressly waives any defenses the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor might otherwise have to require the Buyer to enforce its rights by judicial process. The Seller and the Guarantor also waives any defense (other than a defense of payment or performance) the Seller, the Guarantor and/or the Pledgor might otherwise have arising from the use of non-judicial process, enforcement and sale of all or any portion of the Purchased Items, or from any other election of remedies. The Seller, the Guarantor and the Pledgor recognize that non- Annex I-57 judicial remedies are consistent with the usages of the trade, are responsive to commercial necessity and are the result of a bargain at arm's-length. (d) To the extent permitted by Applicable Law, the Seller shall be liable to the Buyer for interest on any amounts owing by the Seller hereunder, from the date the Seller becomes liable for such amounts hereunder until such amounts are (i) paid in full by the Seller or (ii) satisfied in full by the exercise of the Buyer's rights hereunder. Interest on any sum payable by the Seller to the Buyer under this Paragraph 11(d) shall accrue interest from and after the date of the Event of Default and while such Event of Default is continuing at a rate equal to the Post-Default Rate. (e) In addition to the rights under this Paragraph 11, during the continuance of an Event of Default, the Buyer shall no longer be obligated to enter into any additional Transactions pursuant to any outstanding Confirmation and the Buyer shall have the following additional rights if an Event of Default exists: (i) The Buyer, the Seller and the Guarantor agree and acknowledge that the Purchased Assets constitute collateral that may decline rapidly in value. Accordingly, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Repurchase Agreement, the Buyer shall not be required to give notice to the Seller or the Guarantor prior to exercising any remedy in respect of an Event of Default. If no prior notice is given, the Buyer shall give notice to the Seller of the remedies affected by the Buyer promptly thereafter. The Buyer shall act in good faith in exercising its rights pursuant to this Paragraph 11(e). (ii) The Buyer may, in its discretion, elect to hold any Purchased Asset for its own account and earn the related interest on the full face amount thereof. (f) In making a determination as to whether an Event of Default has occurred, the Buyer shall be entitled to rely on reports published or broadcast by media sources believed by the Buyer to be generally reliable and on information provided to it by any other sources believed by it to be generally reliable, provided that the Buyer reasonably and in good faith believes such information to be accurate. (g) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Repurchase Documents to the contrary, neither the Seller, the Guarantor, the Pledgor nor any other Person shall be permitted to cure an Event of Default after the acceleration of any of the Obligations. (h) Subject to Paragraphs 3(k) and 17(d), Sections 8 and 9 and other similar provisions contained in the Repurchase Documents, the Seller and the Guarantor shall have all remedies available to them at law or equity for any breach of this Repurchase Agreement by the Buyer." (v) Paragraph 12 of the Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby amended by deleting the final sentence therein in its entirety and the following is substituted therefor: "Accordingly, each of the Seller and the Guarantor agrees (i) to perform all of its obligations in respect of each Transaction hereunder, and that a default in the performance of any such obligations shall constitute a default by it in respect of all Transactions hereunder, and (ii) that payments, deliveries and other transfers made by it or others on its behalf in respect of any Transaction shall be deemed to have been made in consideration of payments, deliveries and other transfers in respect of any other Annex I-58 Transactions hereunder, and the obligations to make any such payments, deliveries and other transfers may be applied against each other and netted." (w) Paragraph 13 of the Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and the following is substituted therefor: "All notices and other communications provided for hereunder shall, unless otherwise stated herein, be in writing (including telex communication and communication by facsimile copy) and mailed, telexed, transmitted or delivered, as to each party hereto, at its address set forth under its name on the signature pages of the Master Repurchase Agreement or at such other address as shall be designated by such party in a written notice to the other parties hereto. All such notices and communications shall be effective, upon receipt, or in the case of (a) notice by telex, when telexed against receipt of answer back, or (b) notice by facsimile copy, when verbal communication of receipt is obtained. Neither the Seller, the Guarantor nor the Pledgor shall be entitled to any notices of any nature whatsoever from the Buyer except with respect to matters for which this Repurchase Agreement or the Repurchase Documents specifically and expressly provide for the giving of notice by the Buyer to the Seller, the Guarantor and/or the Pledgor and, except with respect to matters for which the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor is not, pursuant to Applicable Law, permitted to waive the giving of notice." (x) Paragraph 15 of the Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and the following is substituted therefor: "(a) The Buyer may at any time and without the permission of, but with contemporaneous notice to, the Seller, sell, assign, transfer, pledge or grant a security interest or sell a participation interest in, its rights and interests under the Repurchase Documents (or any portion thereof) to any Person; provided, however, that (i) if the Buyer is assigning or selling a participation interest in more than 50% of the Maximum Amount to a Person that is not a Pre-Approved Buyer and there is no Default or Event of Default, then the Seller must first approve such assignment or participation (which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), (ii) provided there is no Event of Default, the Buyer will retain control over decisions relating to waivers and consents (including, without limitation, Market Value determinations, margin calls, term extensions and approval of Eligible Assets) expressly contemplated under the Repurchase Documents and (iii) assignments by the Buyer shall be in a minimum amount of $5,000,000 unless the Buyer is assigning all of its remaining interests under this Repurchase Agreement. The parties to any such assignment, grant or sale of participation interest shall execute and deliver to the Buyer, for its acceptance and recording in its books and records, such agreement or document as may be satisfactory to such parties and the Buyer. Notwithstanding anything contained in this Paragraph 15(a) to the contrary, after an Event of Default that is continuing, the Buyer may sell any Purchased Asset (or portion thereof) without the consent of the Seller in accordance with the Buyer's exercise of remedies under this Repurchase Agreement. (b) The Seller agrees to cooperate with the Buyer at the Buyer's cost in connection with any such sale, assignment, transfer, pledge or participation and to enter into such restatements of, and amendments, supplements and other modifications to, the Repurchase Documents in order to give effect to such assignment, transfer or sale. Annex I-59 (c) The Seller shall not assign or delegate, or grant or transfer any interest in, or permit any Lien to exist upon, the Seller's rights, obligations or duties under this Repurchase Agreement or the Repurchase Documents without the prior written consent of the Buyer (which consent may be withheld in the Buyer's discretion). Any attempt by the Seller to assign any of its rights or obligations under this Repurchase Agreement without the prior written consent of the Buyer (which consent may be withheld in the Buyer's discretion) shall be null and void." (y) Paragraph 16 of the Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and the following is substituted therefor: "GOVERNING LAW; CONSENT TO JURISDICTION; WAIVER OF OBJECTION TO VENUE. THIS REPURCHASE AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK (WITHOUT REGARD TO THE CONFLICT OF LAWS PROVISIONS THEREOF). EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY AGREES TO THE NON-EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF ANY STATE OR FEDERAL COURT LOCATED WITHIN THE STATE OF NEW YORK. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY WAIVES ANY OBJECTION BASED ON FORUM NON CONVENIENS AND ANY OBJECTION TO VENUE OF ANY ACTION INSTITUTED HEREUNDER IN ANY OF THE AFOREMENTIONED COURTS AND CONSENTS TO THE GRANTING OF SUCH LEGAL OR EQUITABLE RELIEF AS IS DEEMED APPROPRIATE BY SUCH COURT." (z) Paragraph 17 of the Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and the following is substituted therefor: "(a) Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, the Buyer shall have, with respect to the security interest in the Purchased Assets granted pursuant to Paragraph 6 of this Repurchase Agreement, and in addition to all other rights and remedies available to the Buyer under this Repurchase Agreement or other Applicable Law, all rights and remedies of a secured party upon default under the UCC. (b) The Seller and the Guarantor agree, to the full extent that it may lawfully so agree, that neither it nor anyone claiming through or under it will set up, claim or seek to take advantage of any appraisement, valuation, stay, extension or redemption law now or hereafter in force in any locality where any Purchased Items may be situated in order to prevent, hinder or delay the enforcement or foreclosure of this Repurchase Agreement, or the absolute sale of any of the Purchased Items or any part thereof, or the final and absolute putting into possession thereof, immediately after such sale, of the buyers thereof, and the Seller and the Guarantor, each for itself and all who may at any time claim through or under it, hereby waives, to the full extent that it may be lawful so to do, the benefit of all such laws and any and all right to have any of the properties or assets constituting the Purchased Items marshaled upon any such sale, and agrees that the Buyer or any court having jurisdiction to foreclose the security interests granted in this Repurchase Agreement may sell the Purchased Items as an entirety or in such parcels as the Buyer or such court may determine. (c) No failure on the part of the Buyer to exercise, and no delay in exercising, any right or remedy hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial Annex I-60 exercise of any right or remedy hereunder preclude any further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right. The rights and remedies herein provided are cumulative and not exclusive of any rights and remedies provided by Applicable Law. Application of the Post-Default Rate or increased Pricing Spread after a Default or Event of Default shall not be deemed to constitute a waiver of any Default or Event of Default or any rights or remedies of the Buyer under this Repurchase Agreement, any other Repurchase Documents or Applicable Law, or a consent to any extension of time for the payment or performance of any obligation with respect to which the Post-Default Rate or increase in Pricing Spread after an Event of Default may be invoked. (d) In the event that a claim or adjudication is made that the Buyer has acted unreasonably or unreasonably delayed acting in any case where by Applicable Law or under this Repurchase Agreement or the other Repurchase Documents it has an obligation to act reasonably or promptly, the Buyer shall not be liable for any punitive, consequential, indirect or special damages in connection therewith or any other breach or default by the Buyer, and the Seller's and the Guarantor's sole remedies shall be limited to commencing an action seeking injunctive relief, actual damages or declaratory judgment." (aa) Paragraph 19(a) of the Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby modified by adding the following sentence to the end of Paragraph 19(a): "It is understood that this Agreement constitutes a "Master Netting Agreement" as that term is defined in Section 101 of Title 11 of the United State Code." (bb) Paragraph 20 of the Master Repurchase Agreement is hereby modified by deleting the period at the end thereof and by adding the following at the end of such paragraph: "; and (d) in the case of Transactions in which one of the parties is an "insured depository institution" as that term is defined in Section 1813(c)(2) of Title 12 of the United States Code, funds held by the financial institution pursuant to a Transaction hereunder are not a deposit and therefore are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Savings Association Insurance Fund or the Bank Insurance Fund, as applicable." 3. CONDITIONS PRECEDENT. (a) The Buyer shall not be obligated to enter into any Transaction hereunder nor shall the Buyer be obligated to take, fulfill or perform any other action hereunder until the following conditions have been satisfied, in the discretion of, or waived in writing by, the Buyer: (i) The Buyer shall be in receipt of good standing certificates, secretary certificates (or the equivalent) and copies of the Governing Documents and applicable resolutions of the Seller, the Guarantor and the Pledgor evidencing, as applicable, the corporate or other authority for the Seller, the Guarantor and the Pledgor with respect to the execution, delivery and performance of the Repurchase Documents and each of the other documents to be delivered by the Seller, the Guarantor and the Pledgor from time to time in connection herewith; (ii) This Repurchase Agreement, the Guaranty and each other Repurchase Document shall have been duly executed by, and delivered to, the parties thereto and such documents shall be in form and substance satisfactory to the Buyer; Annex I-61 (iii) UCC financing statements shall have been filed against the Seller and the Pledgor in the appropriate filing office; (iv) Each of the Seller and the Pledgor shall have delivered to the Buyer a duly executed Power of Attorney in the form of Exhibit II; (v) The Buyer shall be in receipt of such Opinions of Counsel from the counsel to the Seller, the Guarantor and the Pledgor and an Opinion from in-house counsel to the Custodian as the Buyer may require, each in form and substance satisfactory to the Buyer in its reasonable discretion, including, without limitation, corporate opinions and perfection opinions; (vi) The Buyer shall be in receipt of the Servicing Agreements and the Pooling and Servicing Agreements (if any), certified as true, correct and complete copies of the originals, together with the Servicer Notices, fully executed by the Seller and any applicable Servicer; (vii) The Buyer shall have received payment from the Seller of the fees payable under the Fee Letter and the amount of actual costs and expenses, including, without limitation, the fees and expenses of counsel to the Buyer as contemplated by Paragraph 3(h)(iv) of this Repurchase Agreement, incurred by the Buyer in connection with the development, preparation and execution of this Repurchase Agreement, the other Repurchase Documents and any other documents prepared in connection herewith or therewith; (viii) The Buyer shall have completed to its satisfaction such due diligence as it may require in its discretion and obtained internal credit approval of the Facility; (ix) The Buyer shall have received all such other and further documents, certifications, reports, approvals and legal opinions as the Buyer may reasonably require; (x) no Applicable Law shall prohibit or render it unlawful, and no order, judgment or decree of Governmental Authority shall prohibit, enjoin or render it unlawful, to enter into the Facility or any Transaction; (xi) the Seller, the Guarantor and the Pledgor shall each be in compliance in all material respects with all Applicable Laws, Contractual Obligations and all Indebtedness, each shall have obtained all required consents, approvals and/or waivers of all necessary Persons, including all requisite Governmental Authorities, to the execution, delivery and performance of this Repurchase Agreement and the other Repurchase Documents to which each is a party and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby; (xii) any and all consents, approvals and waivers applicable to the Purchased Items shall have been obtained; (xiii) the Buyer is in receipt of pro-forma Financial Covenant calculations; and (xiv) no Material Adverse Effect has occurred. (b) The Buyer's agreement to enter into each Transaction (including the initial Transaction) is subject to the satisfaction of the following further conditions precedent, both immediately prior to entering into such Transaction and also after giving effect to the consummation thereof and the intended use of the proceeds of the sale: Annex I-62 (i) no Applicable Law shall prohibit or render it unlawful, and no order, judgment or decree of Governmental Authority shall prohibit, enjoin or render it unlawful, to enter into such Transaction by the Buyer in accordance with the provisions of this Repurchase Agreement or any other transaction contemplated herein; (ii) the Seller, the Guarantor, each Servicer and each PSA Servicer shall have delivered to the Buyer all reports and other information required to be delivered as of the date of such Transaction; (iii) The Buyer shall have received a written Transaction Request, the related Underwriting Package and the related Seller Asset Schedule; (iv) the Seller shall have delivered a Confirmation, via Electronic Transmission, in accordance with the procedures set forth in Paragraph 3(a)(iii) of this Repurchase Agreement, and the Buyer shall have approved in writing the purchase of the Eligible Asset to be included in such Transaction in its discretion and shall have obtained all necessary internal credit and other approvals for such Transaction; (v) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, no Margin Deficits are outstanding, and no Material Adverse Effect has occurred; (vi) the Buyer shall have received a Compliance Certificate in the form of Exhibit VI attached hereto ("Compliance Certificate") from a Responsible Officer of the Seller and the Guarantor that, among other things: (A) shows in detail the calculations demonstrating that, after giving effect to the requested Transaction, the aggregate Purchase Price of the Transactions outstanding shall not exceed the Maximum Amount, (B) the Seller, the Guarantor and the Pledgor have observed or performed all of their covenants and other agreements, and satisfied every condition, contained in this Repurchase Agreement, the Repurchase Documents and the related documents to be observed, performed or satisfied by them, and that such Responsible Officer has obtained no knowledge of any Default or Event of Default except as specified in such certificate, (C) states that all representations and warranties contained in the Repurchase Documents are true and correct in all material respects on and as of such day as though made on and as of such day and shall be deemed to be made on such day, (D) shows that the Seller and the Guarantor are in compliance with the Financial Covenants and, on a quarterly basis as provided in Section (5)(i)(i)(B) of this Repurchase Agreement, showing in detail the calculations supporting the certification of the Seller's and the Guarantor's compliance with the Financial Covenants, (E) and discloses the status of each Interest Rate Protection Agreement described under clause (ii) of the definition thereof; (vii) subject to the Buyer's right to perform one or more due diligence reviews pursuant to Section 20 of this Repurchase Agreement, the Buyer shall have completed, in accordance with Paragraph 3(a) of this Repurchase Agreement, its due diligence review of the Mortgage Asset, the Mortgage Asset File and the Underwriting Package for each proposed Mortgage Asset and such other documents, records, agreements, instruments, mortgaged properties or information relating to such Mortgage Asset as the Buyer in its discretion deems appropriate to review, and such reviews shall be satisfactory to the Buyer in its discretion; (viii) with respect to any Eligible Asset to be purchased hereunder on the related Purchase Date that is not serviced by the Seller, the Seller shall have provided to the Buyer copies of the related Servicing Agreements and the Pooling and Servicing Agreements, certified as true, Annex I-63 correct and complete copies of the originals, together with Servicer Notices fully executed by the Seller and the Servicer; (ix) the Buyer shall have received all fees and expenses of the Buyer and counsel to the Buyer as contemplated by Paragraph (3)(h)(vi) and Section 17 of this Repurchase Agreement and the Fee Letter and the Buyer shall have received the reasonable costs and expenses incurred by them in connection with the entering into of any Transaction hereunder, including, without limitation, costs associated with due diligence recording or other administrative expenses necessary or incidental to the execution of any Transaction hereunder, which amounts, at the Buyer's option, may be withheld from the sale proceeds of any Transaction hereunder; (x) for each Non-Table Funded Purchased Asset, the Buyer shall have received from the Custodian on each Purchase Date a Trust Receipt (along with a completed Mortgage Asset File Checklist attached thereto) and an Asset Schedule and Exception Report with respect to each Eligible Asset, each dated the Purchase Date, duly completed and, in the case of the Asset Schedule and Exception Report, with exceptions acceptable to the Buyer in its discretion in respect of Eligible Assets to be purchased hereunder on such Business Day. In the case of a Table Funded Purchased Asset, the Buyer shall have received on the related Purchase Date the Table Funded Trust Receipt and all other items described in the second (2nd) sentence of Paragraph 3(a)(v), each in form and substance satisfactory to the Buyer in its discretion, provided that the Buyer subsequently receives the items described in Paragraph 3(a)(iv) and 3(a)(v) and the other delivery requirements under the Custodial Agreement on or before the date and time specified herein and therein, which items shall be in form and substance satisfactory to the Buyer in its discretion; (xi) the Buyer shall have received from the Seller a Warehouse Lender's Release Letter substantially in the form of Annex 10-B to the Custodial Agreement (or such other form acceptable to the Buyer) ("Warehouse Lender's Release Letter"), if applicable, or a Seller's Release Letter substantially in the form of Annex 10-A to the Custodial Agreement (or such other form acceptable to the Buyer) ("Seller's Release Letter") covering each Eligible Asset to be sold to the Buyer; (xii) prior to the purchase of any Eligible Asset acquired (by purchase or otherwise) by the Seller from any Affiliate of Seller, the Buyer shall have received certified copies of the applicable Purchase Agreements (if any) and, if requested by the Buyer in its reasonable discretion, a True Sale Opinion; (xiii) on and as of such day, the Seller, the Guarantor, the Pledgor and the Custodian shall have performed all of the covenants and agreements contained in the Repurchase Documents to be performed by such Person at or prior to such day; (xiv) the Repurchase Date for such Transaction is not later than the Facility Maturity Date; (xv) the Buyer shall have received evidence satisfactory to the Buyer that the Seller has delivered an irrevocable instruction to each Servicer, PSA Servicer or other applicable Person to pay Income with respect to the Purchased Items directly to the Collection Account, as provided herein, which instructions may not be modified without the prior written consent of the Buyer, and the Seller shall have delivered all notices and instructions and obtained all certifications, acknowledgments, agreements and registrations required to perfect any CMBS Security; Annex I-64 (xvi) both immediately prior to the requested Transaction and also after giving effect thereto and to the intended use thereof, all representations and warranties made by each of the Seller, the Guarantor and the Pledgor shall be true, correct and complete on and as of such Purchase Date in all material respects with the same force and effect as if made on and as of such date; (xvii) the Buyer shall be in receipt of the evidence of insurance (if any) required by Section 9.1 of the Custodial Agreement; (xviii) none of the following shall have occurred and/or be continuing: (A) an event or events shall have occurred in the good faith determination of the Buyer resulting in the effective absence of a "repo market" or related "lending market" for purchasing (subject to repurchase) or financing debt obligations secured by commercial mortgage loans or securities, or an event or events shall have occurred resulting in the Buyer not being able to finance Mortgage Assets through the "repo market" or "lending market" with traditional counterparties at rates that would have been reasonable prior to the occurrence of such event or events; (B) an event or events shall have occurred resulting in the effective absence of a "securities market" for securities backed by Mortgage Assets or commercial or multifamily real property, or an event or events shall have occurred resulting in the Buyer not being able to sell securities backed by Mortgage Assets or commercial or multifamily real property at prices that would have been reasonable prior to such event or events; or (C) there shall have occurred a material adverse change in the financial condition of the Buyer that affects (or can reasonably be expected to affect) materially and adversely the ability of the Buyer to fund its obligations under this Repurchase Agreement; (xix) after giving effect to the requested Transaction, the aggregate outstanding Purchase Price of the Transactions outstanding shall not exceed the Asset Value of all the Purchased Assets subject to outstanding Transactions or the Maximum Amount; (xx) the Mortgage Asset shall be an Eligible Asset (unless waived by the Buyer in its discretion) and the Buyer shall have obtained internal credit approval review and/or approval of such Mortgage Asset; and (xxi) the Buyer shall have received all such other and further documents, reports, certifications, approvals and legal opinions as the Buyer in its discretion shall reasonably require. The failure of the Seller or the Guarantor, as applicable, to satisfy any of the foregoing conditions precedent in respect of any Transaction shall, unless such failure was expressly waived in writing by the Buyer on or prior to the related Purchase Date, give rise to a right of the Buyer, which right may be exercised at any time on the demand of the Buyer, to rescind the related Transaction and direct the Seller to pay to the Buyer for the benefit of the Buyer an amount equal to the Purchase Price, the Price Differential, Breakage Costs and other amounts due in connection therewith during any such time that any of the foregoing conditions precedent were not satisfied. 4. BUYER'S DUTY OF CARE. Except as herein provided in this Section 4 of this Repurchase Agreement, Buyer's (or, on its behalf, the Custodian) sole duty with respect to the Purchased Items shall Annex I-65 be to use reasonable care in the custody, use, operation and preservation of the Purchased Items in its possession or control. The Buyer shall incur no liability to the Seller, the Guarantor or any other Person for any act of government, act of God or other such destruction in whole or in part or negligence or wrongful act of custodians or agents selected by and supervised by Buyer with reasonable care, or Buyer's failure to provide adequate protection or insurance for the Purchased Items. Buyer shall have no obligation to take any action to preserve any rights of the Seller in any of the Purchased Items against prior parties, and the Seller hereby agrees to take such action. The Seller shall defend the Purchased Items against all such claims and demands of all persons (other than claims and demands resulting from interests created by Buyer), at all times, as are adverse to Buyer. Buyer shall have no obligation to realize upon any Purchased Item, except through proper application of any distributions with respect to the Purchased Items made directly to Buyer or its agent(s). So long as Buyer (or the Custodian, on the Buyer's behalf) shall act in good faith in its handling of the Purchased Items, each of the Seller and the Guarantor hereby waives the defense of impairment of the Purchased Items by Buyer. 5. COVENANTS. (a) Compliance with Laws and Contractual Obligations. The Seller and the Guarantor shall comply in all material respects with all Applicable Laws (including Environmental Laws), including those with respect to the Purchased Assets or any part thereof, and shall comply, and perform all duties and obligations under, all Contractual Obligations, Indebtedness and Guarantee Obligations (including, without limitation, its duties and obligations under the Mortgage Loan Documents). No part of the proceeds of any Transaction shall be used for any purpose which violates, or would be inconsistent with, the provisions of Regulation T, U or X. (b) Payment of Taxes. The Seller and the Guarantor shall pay and discharge all Taxes, assessments and governmental charges or levies imposed on it or on its income or profits or on any of its Property prior to the date on which penalties attach thereto, except for any such tax, assessment, charge or levy the payment of which is being contested in good faith and by proper proceedings and against which adequate reserves are being maintained in accordance with GAAP. (c) Corporate Existence. The Seller and the Guarantor shall continue to engage in business of the same general type as now conducted by it and shall preserve and maintain its company existence, rights, franchises and privileges in the jurisdiction of its formation and will qualify and remain qualified in good standing as a corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction where the failure to preserve and maintain such existence, rights, franchises, privileges and qualification has had, or could reasonably be expected to have, a Material Adverse Effect. (d) ERISA Matters. Each of the Seller and the Guarantor will not without the prior approval of the Buyer, establish or maintain any Plan, nor take any action that would (i) cause it to fail to qualify as an Operating Company or (ii) cause it to fail to otherwise meet an exception under the Plan Asset Regulations which would prevent the assets of such Person from being subject to Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code. (e) Interest Rate Protection Agreements. Each of the Seller and the Guarantor shall perform its duties and obligations and make all payments due under and shall otherwise maintain any existing Interest Rate Protection Agreements. (f) Payment of Obligations. The Seller and the Guarantor shall pay, discharge or otherwise satisfy at or before maturity or before they become delinquent, as the case may be, all its obligations in excess of $250,000 with respect to the Seller and $1,000,000 with respect to the Guarantor, including, without limitation, all Indebtedness, Contractual Obligations and Guarantee Obligations, except where the Annex I-66 amount or validity thereof is currently being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and reserves in conformity with GAAP with respect thereto have been provided on the books of the Seller, the Guarantor or any of their Subsidiaries, as the case may be. (g) Keeping of Records and Books of Account. The Seller will maintain and implement administrative and operating procedures (including, without limitation, an ability to recreate records evidencing the Purchased Items in the event of the destruction of the originals thereof) and will keep and maintain all documents, books, records and other information reasonably necessary or advisable in which complete entries are made in accordance with GAAP and Applicable Laws. (h) Financial Statements. The Seller and the Guarantor shall deliver to the Buyer: (i) as soon as available, and in any event within forty-five (45) calendar days after the end of the first three fiscal quarters of the Seller and the Guarantor, the unaudited consolidated balance sheets for the Seller and the Guarantor as at the end of such period and the related unaudited consolidated statements of income and retained earnings and of cash flows for the Seller and the Guarantor for such period and the portion of the fiscal year through the end of such period, accompanied by an Officer's Certificate from the Seller and the Guarantor, which certificate shall state that said consolidated financial statements fairly present in all material respects the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of the Seller or the Guarantor, as applicable, in accordance with GAAP, consistently applied, as at the end of, and for, such period (subject to normal year-end adjustments); (ii) as soon as available, and in any event within ninety (90) days after the end of each fiscal year of the Seller and the Guarantor, the audited (in the case of the Guarantor only) or the signed (in the case of the Seller only) consolidated balance sheets of the Seller and the Guarantor, as applicable, as at the end of such fiscal year and the related consolidated statements of income and retained earnings and of cash flows for the Seller and the Guarantor for such year, and, in the case of the Guarantor only, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the previous year, accompanied by an opinion thereon of independent certified public accountants of recognized national standing, which opinion shall not be qualified as to scope of audit or going concern and shall state that said consolidated financial statements fairly present the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of the Guarantor as at the end of, and for, such fiscal year in accordance with GAAP; (iii) with respect to each Purchased Asset, if provided to the Seller, the Guarantor or any Servicer or PSA Servicer by any Borrower under any Purchased Asset, as soon as available, but in any event not later than forty-five (45) days after the end of each fiscal quarter of the Seller, the operating statement and rent roll for each Underlying Mortgaged Property; provided, however, the Buyer reserves the right in its discretion to request such information on a monthly basis (to be provided no later than thirty (30) days after the end of each month) but the Seller's failure to obtain such information shall not be a breach of this covenant provided the related Purchased Asset with respect to which information was not provided is included in the Facility for less than six (6) months; (iv) with respect to each Purchased Asset, if provided to the Seller or the Guarantor by any Borrower under any Purchased Asset, as soon as available, but in any event not later than thirty (30) days after receipt thereof, the annual balance sheet with respect to such Borrower; (v) with respect to each Purchased Asset, as soon as available but in any event not later than thirty (30) days after receipt thereof, (A) the related monthly securitization report, if Annex I-67 any, and any other reports delivered under the Pooling and Servicing Agreements to the Seller or the Guarantor, if any, and, (B) within forty-five (45) days after the end of each quarter, a copy of the standard monthly exception report (if any) , prepared by the Seller in the ordinary course of its business in respect of the related Purchased Asset or Underlying Mortgaged Property; and (vi) from time to time such other information regarding the financial condition, operations or business of the Seller and the Guarantor as the Buyer may reasonably request. All such financial statements shall be complete and correct in all material respects and shall be prepared in reasonable detail and in accordance with GAAP applied consistently throughout the periods reflected therein and with prior periods (except as approved by such accountants or officer, as the case may be, and disclosed therein); provided, that any financial statements delivered by the Seller or the Guarantor with respect to any Borrower under any Underlying Mortgage Loan shall be delivered to the Buyer in the form received by the Seller or the Guarantor. (i) Certificates; Other Information. The Seller and the Guarantor shall furnish to the Buyer: (i) (A) concurrently with the delivery of the annual financial statements referred to in Section 5(h) above, a certification from the independent certified public accountant reporting on such financial statements stating that, in making the examination necessary therefore, no information was obtained of any Defaults or Events of Default except as specified in such certificate, and (B) concurrently with the delivery of the financial statements referred to in Section 5(h) above and in connection with the delivery of each Confirmation, a Compliance Certificate from a Responsible Officer of the Seller and the Guarantor, which Compliance Certificate shall, among other things, describe in detail, on a quarterly basis, the calculations supporting the Responsible Officer's certification of the Seller's and the Guarantor's compliance with the Financial Covenants; (ii) (A) within thirty (30) days of the end of each calendar quarter, the Seller shall provide the Buyer with a quarterly report, which report shall include, among other items, a summary of the Seller's delinquency and loss experience with respect to Purchased Assets serviced by the Seller, any Servicer, any PSA Servicer or any designee of the foregoing, the Seller's internal risk rating, the Seller's and any Servicer's or PSA Servicer's surveillance reports on the Purchased Assets, and the operating statements, occupancy status and other property level information with respect to each Purchased Asset, (B) within ten (10) days of receipt thereof by the Seller, any Servicer or PSA Servicer, any remittance reports with respect to the servicing of any Purchased Items and (C) promptly, any such additional reports as the Buyer may reasonably request with respect to the Seller, any Servicer or PSA Servicer servicing the portfolio, or pending originations of Mortgage Assets; (iii) no later than the fifteenth (15th) day of each month, with respect to each Purchased Asset, a Purchased Asset Data Summary, substantially in the form of Exhibit VII ("Purchased Asset Data Summary"), properly completed; (iv) the Seller shall promptly deliver or cause to be delivered to the Buyer (i) any report or material notice received by the Seller from any Borrower or obligor under the Purchased Items promptly following receipt thereof and (ii) any other such document or information relating to the Purchased Items as the Buyer may reasonably request in writing from time to time; Annex I-68 (v) promptly, any modifications or additions to the items contained in the Underwriting Package; and (vi) promptly, such additional financial and other information as the Buyer may from time to time reasonably request. (j) Notices. The Seller and the Guarantor will furnish written notice to the Buyer and the Swap Counterparty with respect to the following: (i) Representations. Promptly upon notice or knowledge thereof, notice of (A) any representation or warranty set forth in Paragraph 10 of this Repurchase Agreement was incorrect at the time it was given or deemed to have been given or (B) any eligibility criteria set forth in Schedule 1 to this Repurchase Agreement is or was not satisfied at any time; (ii) Covenants. Promptly upon notice or knowledge thereof, notice of any material default with respect to any covenant, duty or agreement of the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor under any Repurchase Document; (iii) Material Events. Promptly upon becoming aware thereof, notice of any material change in the Asset Value of any Purchased Asset, any material change in the market value of any or all of the Seller's or Guarantor's assets or any other event or circumstance that, in the reasonable judgment of the Seller or the Guarantor, is likely to have a Material Adverse Effect; (iv) Event of Default. The Seller and the Guarantor shall immediately notify the Buyer upon the Seller or the Guarantor becoming aware of any event which would constitute a Default or an Event of Default. (v) Casualty. With respect to any Purchased Asset hereunder, promptly upon notice or knowledge thereof that the Underlying Mortgaged Property has been damaged by waste, fire, earthquake or earth movement, flood, tornado or other casualty, or otherwise damaged so as to affect adversely the Asset Value of such Purchased Asset; (vi) Liens. Promptly upon notice or knowledge of any Lien or security interest on, or claim asserted against, any Purchased Asset or the Equity Interests other than Permitted Liens; (vii) Defaults. Promptly upon notice or knowledge thereof, notice of (A) any material default (beyond any applicable notice and cure period) related to any Purchased Items or the Mortgage Loan Documents, or (B) any default (beyond any applicable notice and cure period) under any Contractual Obligation, Indebtedness or Guarantee Obligation of the Seller, the Guarantor or any of their Subsidiaries, which, if not cured, could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; (viii) Servicers. Promptly upon notice or knowledge thereof, notice of the resignation or termination of any Servicer under any Servicing Agreement with respect to any Purchased Items or any PSA Servicer under a Pooling and Servicing Agreement; (ix) Losses. Promptly upon notice or knowledge thereof, notice of any loss or expected loss in respect of any Purchased Item, or any other event or change in circumstances or expected event or change in circumstances that could be reasonably be expected to result in a material decline in value or cash flow of any Purchased Item or any Underlying Mortgaged Property; Annex I-69 (x) Sales. Notice of the conveyance, sale, lease, assignment, transfer or other disposition (any such transaction, or related series of transactions, a "Sale") of any Property, business or assets of the Seller, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, with the exception of (A) this Repurchase Agreement and (B) any Sale of Property by the Seller that is not material to the conduct of its business and is effected in the ordinary course of business; and (xi) Proceedings. As soon as possible and in any event within three (3) Business Days after the Seller or the Guarantor receives notice or obtains knowledge thereof, notice of any settlement of, material judgment (including a material judgment with respect to the liability phase of a bifurcated trial) in or commencement of any labor controversy (of a material nature), litigation, action, suit, arbitration or proceeding before any court or governmental department, commission, board, bureau, agency, arbitrator, investigation or instrumentality, domestic or foreign, affecting (A) the Purchased Items, (B) the Repurchase Documents, (C) the Buyer's interest in the Purchased Items, or (D) the Seller or the Guarantor and, with respect to this clause (D) only, the amount in controversy exceeds $250,000 with respect to the Seller and/or $1,000,000 with respect to the Guarantor. Each notice pursuant to this Section 5(j) shall be accompanied by an Officer's Certificate from the Seller and/or the Guarantor, as applicable, setting forth details of the occurrence referred to therein and stating what action the Seller or the Guarantor has taken or proposes to take with respect thereto. (k) Limitations on Liens. Without prior written consent of the Buyer, the Seller will not: (i) assign, sell, transfer, pledge, grant, create, incur, assume or suffer or permit to exist any security interest in or Lien on any of the Purchased Items to anyone except Buyer, (ii) permit any financing statement (except any financing statements in favor of Buyer) or assignment (except for any assignments in favor of Buyer) to be on file in any public office with respect thereto, (iii) permit or suffer to exist any Lien or right of others to attach to any of the Purchased Items (or any portion thereof), except as contemplated by this Repurchase Agreement, or (iv) consent to any amendment or supplement to the Mortgage Loan Documents pursuant to which the Purchased Assets were issued or created that would materially and adversely affect Buyer's interests hereunder or with respect to the Purchased Items without the prior written consent of Buyer or (v) sell, pledge, transfer, assign, participate or grant a Lien on its interest under the Repurchase Documents or the Purchased Items. (l) Lien Covenants. With respect to each Purchased Item acquired by the Buyer, the Seller will (i) take all action reasonably requested by the Buyer to perfect, protect and more fully evidence the Buyer's ownership of and first priority perfected security interest in such Purchased Item, including, without limitation, executing or causing to be executed such other instruments or notices as may be necessary or appropriate and (ii) taking all additional action that the Buyer may reasonably request to perfect, protect and more fully evidence the respective interests of the parties to this Repurchase Agreement and the Repurchase Documents in such Purchased Items. Immediately upon notice to the Seller of a Lien or any circumstance which, if adversely determined would be reasonably likely to give rise to a Lien (other than in favor of the Buyer or created by or through Buyer), on any of the Purchased Items, the Seller shall notify the Buyer and the Seller shall further defend the Purchased Items against, and will take such other action as is necessary to remove, any Lien or claim on or to the Purchased Items (other than any Lien created under this Repurchase Agreement), and the Seller will defend the right, title and interest of the Buyer in and to any of the Purchased Items against the claims and demands of all Persons whomsoever. Annex I-70 (m) Sub-Limit. The Seller shall not sell to the Buyer any Eligible Asset if, after giving effect to such Transaction, a Sub-Limit would be exceeded, unless waived in advance in writing by the Buyer in its discretion. (n) Registration of Securities. In the case of any Purchased Asset not physically delivered to the Buyer or its designee, unless otherwise consented to by the Buyer, the Seller shall maintain, or cause to be maintained, each of the Securities with either DTC or with the National Book Entry System of the Federal Reserve, DTC or any similar firm or agency, as applicable, in the Buyer's name. (o) [RESERVED]. (p) Investments. The Seller, the Guarantor or any of their Affiliates shall not acquire or maintain any right or interest in any Purchased Asset that is senior to or pari passu with the rights and interests of the Buyer therein under this Repurchase Agreement unless such Mortgage Asset is also a Purchased Asset. (q) Prohibition of Fundamental Changes. The Seller or the Guarantor shall not enter into any transaction of merger or consolidation or amalgamation, or liquidate, wind up or dissolve itself (or suffer any liquidation, winding up or dissolution) or sell all or substantially all of its assets; provided, however, that the Seller or the Guarantor may merge or consolidate with (i) any wholly owned Subsidiary of such Person, or (ii) any other Person if the Seller or the Guarantor is the surviving corporation; provided, that, (x) if after giving effect thereto, no Event of Default would exist hereunder, (y) if such merger or consolidation would adversely affect the Swap Counterparty, the Swap Counterparty has consented thereto, and (z) the new entity (if any) assumes the obligations, liabilities and Indebtedness under the Repurchase Documents and the Swap Documents. (r) Maintenance of Property; Insurance. The Seller and the Guarantor shall keep all Property useful and necessary in its business in good working order and condition, shall maintain with financially sound and reputable insurance companies insurance on all its Property in at least such amounts and against at least such risks as are usually and customarily insured against in the same general area by companies acting prudently and engaged in the same or a similar business, and furnish to the Buyer, upon written request, full information as to the insurance carried. (s) Financial Covenants. (i) Maintenance of Liquidity. The Guarantor shall not permit, for any calendar quarter, its Liquidity for such Test Period to be less than (i) if the Debt to Book Equity Ratio is above 2:1, $12,000,000, (ii) if the Debt to Book Equity Ratio is between 1:1 and 2:1, $6,000,000, and (iii) if the Debt to Book Equity Ratio is below 1:1, $4,000,000; provided, however, the Guarantor's Liquidity shall never be less than $4,000,000. (ii) Maintenance of Tangible Net Worth. The Guarantor shall not permit, for any Test Period, its Tangible Net Worth (including the Guarantor's minority interest in Guarantor's operating partnership) at any time to be less than the sum of (A) $125,000,000 plus (B) an amount equal to 75% of the aggregate net proceeds after costs and expenses received by the Guarantor, Subsidiaries of the Guarantor and/or the Guarantor's operating partnership in connection with the offering or issuance of any Capital Stock of the Guarantor, Subsidiaries of the Guarantor and/or the Guarantor's operating partnership after the Closing Date. Annex I-71 (iii) Maintenance of Debt to Book Equity. The Guarantor shall not permit, for any Test Period, the ratio of its recourse Indebtedness to Tangible Net Worth (the "Debt to Book Equity Ratio") at any time to be greater than 3:5 to 1:0. (iv) Interest Coverage. The Seller shall not permit, for any Test Period, the ratio of (A) the sum of its Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA for such Test Period to (B) its Interest Expense for such Test Period to be less than 1:5 to 1:0. (t) Delivery of Income. The Seller will deposit and cause all Servicers and other applicable Persons to deposit all Income received in respect of the Purchased Items into the Collection Account within two (2) Business Days of receipt thereof. The Seller shall instruct all PSA Servicers and other applicable Persons under the Pooling and Servicing Agreements to deposit into the Collection Account within two (2) Business Days of the date the PSA Servicer is obligated to disburse the same under the Pooling and Servicing Agreements all Income in respect of the Purchased Items and the Seller shall take reasonable steps necessary to enforce such instructions. The Seller will instruct the Swap Counterparty under the Swap Documents and all other counterparties under other Interest Rate Protection Agreements to deposit any payments due to the Seller from time to time under the Swap Documents and the other Interest Rate Protection Agreements into the Collection Account within two (2) Business Days of the date such Person is obligated to disburse same and the Seller shall take reasonable steps to enforce such instructions. Furthermore, the Seller shall remit or cause to be remitted to the Buyer via Electronic Transmission sufficient detail to enable the Buyer to appropriately identify the Purchased Asset to which any full or partial principal payment or prepayment applies. (u) Performance and Compliance with Purchased Assets. The Seller will, at its expense, timely and fully perform and comply (or as applicable cause the Transferors, Servicers and PSA Servicers to perform and comply) with all provisions, covenants, duties, agreements, obligations and other promises required to be observed under the Purchased Items, all other agreements related to such Purchased Items, including the Mortgage Loan Documents, and the Retained Interests. (v) Purchased Items Not to be Evidenced by Instruments. Neither the Seller nor the Guarantor will not take any action to cause any Purchased Item that is not, as of the applicable Purchase Date, evidenced by an Instrument to be so evidenced except in connection with the enforcement or collection of such Purchased Items. (w) Deposits. The Seller will not deposit or otherwise credit, or cause or permit to be so deposited or credited, to the Collection Account cash or cash proceeds other than Income in respect of Purchased Items. The Seller will not deposit or otherwise credit, or cause or permit to be so deposited or credited, to the Securities Account any item except uncertificated CMBS Securities that are Purchased Assets and all cash, property, proceeds, securities or investment property with respect to such Purchased Assets. The Seller shall perform all of its obligations under the Account Control Agreement and Securities Account Control Agreement. (x) Change of Name or Location of Asset Files. The Seller shall not (i) change its name, organizational number, identity, structure or jurisdiction of formation, move the location of its principal place of business and chief executive office, or change the offices where it keeps the records (as defined in the UCC) from the location referred to in on the signature page to the Master Repurchase Agreement, or (ii) move, or consent to the Custodian moving, the Mortgage Asset Files from the location thereof on the Closing Date, unless the Seller has given at least thirty (30) days' prior written notice to the Buyer and has taken all actions required under the UCC of each relevant jurisdiction in order to continue the first priority perfected security interest of the Buyer in the Purchased Items. Annex I-72 (y) Exceptions. The Seller shall promptly correct any and all Exceptions set forth on any Asset Schedule and Exception Report. (z) Purchase Agreements; Servicing Agreements. The Seller or the Guarantor will not materially amend, modify, waive or terminate any provision of any Purchase Agreement, Servicing Agreement or Pooling and Servicing Agreement without the prior written consent of the Buyer. (aa) Transactions with Affiliates. The Seller may enter into any transaction with an Affiliate, provided that such transaction is upon fair and reasonable terms no less favorable to the Seller than it would obtain in a comparable arm's length transaction with a Person that is not an Affiliate; provided, further, that in no event shall the Seller transfer to the Buyer hereunder any Eligible Asset acquired by the Seller from an Affiliate of the Seller unless the Seller shall have delivered a certified copy of the related Purchase Agreement and, if requested by the Buyer in its reasonable discretion, a True Sale Opinion has been delivered to the Buyer prior to such sale. (bb) Negative Pledge. The Seller shall not contract, create, incur, assume or permit to exist any Lien on or with respect to any of its Property or assets of any kind (whether real or personal, tangible or intangible), whether now owned or hereafter acquired, except for Permitted Liens. (cc) Limitation on Distributions. The Seller or the Guarantor shall not declare or make any payment on account of, or set apart assets for, a sinking or other analogous fund for the purchase, redemption, defeasance, retirement or other acquisition of any equity or partnership interest of the Seller or the Guarantor, as applicable, whether now or hereafter outstanding, or make any other distribution in respect thereof, either directly or indirectly, whether in cash or property or in obligations of Seller or the Guarantor, as applicable, except that the Seller and the Guarantor, as applicable, each may declare and pay dividends in accordance with its respective Governing Documents, and without restriction as to amount, so long as, in the case of the Seller and the Guarantor, (i) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred, (ii) no Margin Deficit is outstanding and (iii) the distribution of such funds will not violate any Financial Covenant. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence and irrespective of the occurrence of the events described in clauses (i), (ii) or (iii) of the immediately preceding sentence, the Guarantor may at all times pay dividends either (A) as required by Applicable Law to maintain its REIT status and/or (B) to its preferred equity holders. (dd) Extension or Amendment of Purchased Items. The Seller shall not, except as otherwise permitted in Section 6(e)(iii) of this Repurchase Agreement, extend, amend, waive or otherwise modify, or permit any Servicer or PSA Servicer to extend, amend, waive or otherwise modify, the material terms of any Purchased Item. (ee) Inconsistent Agreements. The Seller and the Guarantor shall not, and shall not permit the Pledgor to, directly or indirectly, enter into any agreement containing any provision that would be violated or breached by any Transaction hereunder or by the performance by the Seller, the Guarantor or the Pledgor of its obligations under any Repurchase Document. (ff) Distributions in Respect of Purchased Items. If the Seller shall receive any rights, whether in addition to, in substitution of, as a conversion of, or in exchange for any Purchased Items, or otherwise in respect thereof, the Seller shall accept the same as the Buyer's agent, hold the same in trust for the Buyer and deliver the same forthwith to the Buyer (or its designee) in the exact form received, together with duly executed instruments of transfer or assignment in blank and such other documentation as the Buyer shall reasonably request. If any sums of money or property are paid or distributed in respect of the Purchased Items and received by the Seller (other than the Borrower Reserve Payments), the Seller shall promptly pay or deliver such money or property to the Buyer and, until such money or property is so Annex I-73 paid or delivered to the Buyer, hold such money or property in trust for the Buyer, segregated from other funds of the Seller. (gg) Governing Documents. The Seller shall comply with its Governing Documents and shall not amend its Governing Documents without the prior written consent of the Buyer. (hh) Independence of Covenants. All covenants hereunder shall be given independent effect so that if a particular action or condition is not permitted by any of such covenants, the fact that it would be permitted by an exception to, or be otherwise within the limitations of, another covenant shall not avoid the occurrence of an Default or Event of Default if such action is taken or condition exists. (ii) Limitation on Indebtedness. The Seller shall not create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Indebtedness (including, but not limited to, any credit or repurchase facility), Guarantee Obligation or Contractual Obligation of the Seller, except Indebtedness, Guarantee Obligations and Contractual Obligations of the Seller permitted under this Agreement. (jj) Unrelated Activities. The Seller shall not engage in any activity other than activities specifically permitted by this Section 5, including, but not limited to, investment in real estate related assets and the purchasing, financing and holding of commercial mortgage-backed securities and activities incident thereto. (kk) Separateness. The Seller shall not take any action or fail to take any action that would cause it to violate or be inconsistent with the representations and warranties in Paragraph 10(qq) of the Repurchase Agreement. (ll) Pledge and Security Agreement. Neither the Seller nor the Guarantor shall take any direct or indirect action inconsistent with the Pledge and Security Agreement or the security interest granted thereunder to the Buyer in the Equity Interests. (mm) Guarantor Status. The Guarantor shall remain listed on a nationally recognized securities exchange in good standing. The Guarantor may change its status as a REIT provided it remains in compliance with the Financial Covenants in all respects. (nn) Patriot Act. Each of the Seller and the Guarantor shall comply with the Applicable Laws referenced to in Paragraph 10(p) and (q) of this Repurchase Agreement. (oo) Seller Subsidiaries. The Seller shall not create, form or permit to exist any Subsidiary prior to the later of (i) the Facility Maturity Date (as it may be extended in accordance with this Repurchase Agreement) and (ii) the indefeasible payment in full of the Obligations. 6. SERVICING. (a) Appointment. (i) The Buyer hereby appoints the Seller as its agent to service the Purchased Items and enforce its rights in and under such Purchased Items. The Seller hereby accepts such appointment and agrees to perform the duties and obligations with respect thereto as set forth herein. (ii) The Seller covenants to maintain or cause the servicing of the Purchased Items to be maintained in conformity with Accepted Servicing Practices. In the event that the preceding Annex I-74 language is interpreted as constituting one or more servicing contracts, each such servicing contract shall terminate automatically upon the earliest of (A) an Event of Default, (B) the date on which the Repurchase Agreement terminates or the Seller repurchases any related Purchased Asset, or (C) the transfer of servicing approved in writing by the Buyer. (b) Seller as Servicer. If the Purchased Assets are serviced by the Seller, the Seller agrees that, until the repurchase of a Purchased Asset on a Repurchase Date, the Buyer is the owner of all servicing records for the period that the Buyer owns the Purchased Items, including, but not limited to, any and all servicing agreements, files, documents, records, data bases, computer tapes, copies of computer tapes, computer programs, proof of insurance coverage, insurance policies, appraisals, other closing documentation, payment history records, and any other records relating to or evidencing the servicing of such Purchased Assets (the "Servicing Records"). The Seller covenants to safeguard such Servicing Records and to deliver them promptly to Buyer or its designee (including the Custodian) at the Buyer's request. (c) Third Party Servicer. If the Purchased Assets are serviced by a Servicer or a PSA Servicer pursuant to a Servicing Agreement or Pooling and Servicing Agreement, as applicable, the Seller (i) shall, in accordance with Section 3(b)(viii) of this Repurchase Agreement, provide to the Buyer (subject to the last sentence of this Section 6(c)) a copy of each Servicing Agreement (which agreements shall be in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Buyer), and each Pooling and Servicing Agreement, and a Servicer Notice substantially in the form of Exhibit VIII hereto, fully executed by the Seller and the related Servicer or PSA Servicer (in the case of a Pooling and Servicing Agreement for a Mortgage Asset that is not a Whole Loan, the Buyer may at its discretion waive the requirement of an executed Servicer Notice), and (ii) hereby irrevocably assigns to the Buyer and the Buyer's successors and assigns all right, title and interest of the Seller in, to and under, and the benefits of (but not the obligations of), each Servicing Agreement and each Pooling and Servicing Agreement with respect to the Purchased Items. Notwithstanding the fact that the Seller has contracted with a Servicer or PSA Servicer to service the Purchased Items, the Seller shall remain liable to the Buyer for the acts of the Servicers and the PSA Servicer and for the performance of the duties and obligations set forth herein. The Seller agrees that no Person shall assume the servicing obligations with respect to the Purchased Assets as successor to a Servicer or PSA Servicer unless such successor is approved in writing by the Buyer prior to such assumption of servicing obligations. Unless otherwise approved in writing by the Buyer, if the Purchased Assets are serviced by a Servicer or PSA Servicer, such servicing shall be performed pursuant to a written Servicing Agreement or Pooling and Servicing Agreement approved by the Buyer. (d) Duties of the Seller. (i) Duties. The Seller shall take or cause to be taken all such actions as may be necessary or advisable to collect all Income and all other amounts due or recoverable with respect to the Purchased Items from time to time, all in accordance with Applicable Laws, with reasonable care and diligence, and in accordance with the standard set forth in Section 6(a)(ii) of this Repurchase Agreement. (ii) Buyer's Rights. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the exercise by the Buyer of its rights hereunder shall not release the Seller from any of its duties or responsibilities with respect to the Purchased Items. The Buyer shall not have any obligation or liability with respect to any Purchased Items, nor shall any of them be obligated to perform any of the obligations of the Seller hereunder. Annex I-75 (e) Authorization of the Seller. (i) The Buyer hereby authorizes the Seller (including any successor thereto) to take any and all reasonable steps in its name and on its behalf necessary or desirable and not inconsistent with the sale of the Purchased Items to the Buyer, to collect all amounts due under any and all Purchased Items, including, without limitation, endorsing checks and other instruments representing Income, executing and delivering any and all instruments of satisfaction or cancellation, or of partial or full release or discharge, and all other comparable instruments, with respect to the Purchased Items and, after the delinquency of any Purchased Item and to the extent permitted under and in compliance with Applicable Law, to commence proceedings with respect to enforcing payment thereof, to the same extent as the Seller could have done if it had continued to own such Purchased Items. The Buyer shall furnish the Seller (and any successors thereto) with any powers of attorney and other documents necessary or appropriate to enable the Seller to carry out its servicing and administrative duties hereunder and shall cooperate with the Seller to the fullest extent in order to ensure the collectability of the Purchased Items. In no event shall the Seller be entitled to make the Buyer a party to any litigation without the Buyer's express prior written consent. (ii) Subject to all other rights of the Buyer contained herein, after an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, at the direction of the Buyer, the Seller shall take such action as the Buyer may deem necessary or advisable to enforce collection of the Purchased Items; provided, however, subject to all other rights of the Buyer contained herein, the Buyer may, at any time that an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, notify any Borrower with respect to any Purchased Items of the assignment of such Purchased Items to the Buyer and direct that payments of all amounts due or to become due be made directly to the Buyer or any servicer, collection agent or lock-box or other account designated by the Buyer and, upon such notification and at the expense of the Seller, the Buyer may enforce collection of any such Purchased Items and adjust, settle or compromise the amount or payment thereof. (iii) With respect to each Purchased Asset and to the extent not otherwise specifically addressed otherwise in this Repurchase Agreement, (i) prior to an Event of Default, the Seller (and any Servicer or PSA Service on its behalf) shall not exercise any material rights of a holder of a Purchased Item under any document or agreement governing such Purchased Items (including amendments, modifications, waivers and alterations of any of the material terms of any Purchased Item) that affects the Market Value of such Purchased Item without first consulting with the Buyer prior to taking any action and, in the event the Buyer and the Seller cannot agree on a course of action, the Seller shall take only those actions as agreed to by the Buyer, and, (ii) after an Event of Default, the Seller shall not exercise any rights of a holder of such Purchased Items under any document or agreement governing such Purchased Items without the prior written consent of the Buyer. (f) [RESERVED]. (g) [RESERVED]. (h) [RESERVED]. (i) Event of Default. If the servicer of the Purchased Items is the Seller, upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, the Buyer shall have the right to terminate the Seller as the servicer of the Purchased Items and transfer servicing to its designee, at no cost or expense to the Buyer, at any time Annex I-76 thereafter. If the servicer of the Purchased Items is not the Seller, the Buyer shall have the right, as contemplated in the applicable Servicer Notice, upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, to terminate any applicable Servicing Agreement and any Pooling and Servicing Agreement to the extent the PSA Servicer signed a Servicer Notice and to transfer servicing to the Buyer or the Buyer's designee, at no cost or expense to the Buyer, it being agreed that the Seller will pay any and all fees required to terminate such Servicing Agreements and Pooling and Servicing Agreements and to effectuate the transfer of servicing to the designee of the Buyer. The Seller shall fully cooperate and shall cause all Servicers and applicable PSA Servicers to fully cooperate with the Buyer in transferring the servicing of the Purchased Items to the Buyer's designee. (j) [RESERVED]. (k) Inspection. In the event the Seller or its Affiliates are servicing the Purchased Items, the Seller shall permit the Buyer to inspect the Seller's or its Affiliate's servicing facilities, books and records and related documents and information, as the case may be, for the purpose of satisfying the Buyer that the Seller or its Affiliates, as the case may be, have the ability to service and are servicing the Purchased Items as provided in this Repurchase Agreement. If a Servicer or PSA Servicer is servicing a Purchased Item, the Seller shall cooperate with the Buyer in causing each Servicer and PSA Servicer to permit inspections of the Servicer's and PSA's facilities, books and records and related documents and information related to the Purchased Items. (l) [RESERVED]. (m) Payment of Certain Expenses by Servicer. The Seller and any Servicer will be required to pay all expenses incurred by them in connection with their activities under the Repurchase Documents, including fees and disbursements of independent accountants, Taxes imposed on the Seller or the Servicers, expenses incurred in connection with payments and reports pursuant to the Repurchase Documents, and all other fees and expenses not expressly stated under the Repurchase Documents for the account of the Seller. The Seller shall be required to pay all reasonable fees and expenses owing to any bank or trust company in connection with the maintenance of the Collection Account, the Securities Account and all other collection, reserve or lock-box accounts related to the Purchased Items. The Seller shall be required to pay such expenses for its own account and shall not be entitled to any payment therefor other than the Servicing Fee. (n) Pooling and Servicing Agreements. Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Section 6(n), to the extent the Purchased Items (or portions thereof) are serviced by a PSA Servicer (other than the Seller or any Servicer) under a Pooling and Servicing Agreement, (a) the standards for servicing those Purchased Items shall be those set forth in the applicable Pooling and Servicing Agreement, (b) the Seller shall enforce its rights and interests under such agreements for and on behalf of the Buyer, (c) the Seller shall instruct the applicable PSA Servicer to deposit all Income received in respect of the Purchased Items into the Collection Account in accordance with Section 5(t), (d) prior to an Event of Default, the Seller shall not take any action or fail to take any action or consent to any action or inaction under any Pooling and Servicing Agreement where the effect of such action or inaction would prejudice the interests of the Buyer, (e) the Seller will not consent to any change or modification to any Pooling and Servicing Agreement, including, without limitation, any payment dates, interests rates, fees, payments of principal or interest, maturity dates, restrictions on Indebtedness or any monetary term or release any Borrower, guarantor or collateral without the prior written consent of the Buyer, and, (f) following an Event of Default, the Buyer shall be entitled to exercise any and all rights of the Seller under such Pooling and Servicing Agreements as such rights relate to the Purchased Items. In addition, with respect to a CMBS Security, the Seller shall not exercise any material rights of a holder of a CMBS Security under any other document or agreement governing such CMBS Security without the prior written consent of the Buyer. Annex I-77 (o) Servicer Default. Any material breach by any of the Seller, any of its Servicers or any PSA Servicer of the obligations contained in this Section 6 of this Repurchase Agreement shall constitute a "Servicer Default". (p) Servicer. The Seller shall not permit or cause the Purchased Items to be serviced by a third party other than pursuant to the Servicing Agreements or the Pooling and Servicing Agreements or, if not serviced thereunder, by any Servicer other than a Servicer expressly approved in writing by the Buyer (including those pre-approved Servicers set forth on Schedule 5 hereto). 7. COUNTERPARTS. This Repurchase Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which counterparts shall be deemed to be an original, and such counterparts shall constitute but one and the same instrument. 8. RECOURSE. No recourse under or with respect to any obligation, covenant or agreement (including, without limitation, the payment of any fees or any other obligations) of the Buyer, the Seller or the Guarantor as contained in this Repurchase Agreement or any other Repurchase Document entered into by any such party pursuant hereto or thereto or in connection herewith or therewith shall be had against any administrator of the Buyer, the Seller, the Pledgor or the Guarantor or any incorporator, Affiliate, owner, member, partner, stockholder, officer, director, employee, agent or attorney of the Buyer, the Seller, the Pledgor or the Guarantor, or of any such administrator, as such, by the enforcement of any assessment or by any legal or equitable proceeding, by virtue of any statute or otherwise; it being expressly agreed and understood that the agreements of the Buyer, the Seller, the Pledgor and the Guarantor contained in this Repurchase Agreement and all of the other agreements, instruments and documents entered into by any such party pursuant hereto or thereto or in connection herewith or therewith are, in each case, solely the corporate obligations of the Buyer, the Seller, the Pledgor and the Guarantor, and that no personal liability whatsoever shall attach to or be incurred by any administrator of the Buyer, the Seller, the Pledgor or the Guarantor or any incorporator, owner, member, partner, stockholder, Affiliate, officer, director, employee, agent or attorney of the Buyer, the Seller, the Pledgor or the Guarantor, or of any such administrator, as such, or any other of them, under or by reason of any of the obligations, covenants or agreements of the Buyer, the Seller, the Pledgor or the Guarantor contained in this Repurchase Agreement, the Repurchase Documents or in any other such instruments, documents or agreements, or that are implied therefrom, and that any and all personal liability of every such administrator of the Buyer, the Seller, the Pledgor and the Guarantor and each incorporator, owner, member, partner, stockholder, Affiliate, officer, director, employee, agent or attorney of the Buyer, the Seller, the Pledgor and the Guarantor, or of any such administrator, or any of them, for breaches by the Buyer, the Seller, the Pledgor or the Guarantor of any such obligations, covenants or agreements, which liability may arise either at common law or at equity, by statute or constitution, or otherwise, is hereby expressly waived as a condition of and in consideration for the execution of this Repurchase Agreement. The provisions of this Section 8 shall survive the termination of this Repurchase Agreement until the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations. 9. SET-OFFS. In addition to any rights and remedies of the Buyer provided by this Repurchase Agreement, the Repurchase Documents and by Applicable Law, the Buyer shall have the right, without prior notice to the Seller or the Guarantor, any such notice being expressly waived by the Seller and the Guarantor to the extent permitted by Applicable Law, upon any amount becoming due and payable by the Seller or the Guarantor to the Buyer hereunder, under the Repurchase Documents or otherwise (whether at the stated maturity, by acceleration or otherwise) to set-off and appropriate and apply against such amount any and all monies and other property of the Seller or the Guarantor, any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final), in any currency, and any and all other credits, indebtedness or claims, in any currency, in each case whether direct or indirect, absolute or Annex I-78 contingent, matured or unmatured, and in each case at any time held or owing by the Buyer or any Affiliate thereof to or for the credit or the account of the Seller or the Guarantor. The Buyer agrees promptly to notify the Seller and the Guarantor after any such set-off and application made by the Buyer, provided that the failure to give such notice shall not affect the validity of such set-off and application. The Seller and the Guarantor hereby waive any right of setoff it may have or to which it may be entitled under this Repurchase Agreement from time to time against the Buyer or its assets. 10. BINDING EFFECT. This Repurchase Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Buyer, the Seller and the Guarantor and their respective successors and permitted assigns. 11. INDEMNIFICATION. (a) The Seller agrees to hold the Buyer, the Swap Counterparty and their Affiliates and the Buyer's, the Swap Counterparty's and their Affiliates' officers, directors, shareholders, employees, agents, Affiliates and advisors (each an "Indemnified Party" and collectively the "Indemnified Parties") harmless from and indemnify any Indemnified Party against all out-of-pocket liabilities, out-of-pocket losses, out-of-pocket damages, judgments, out-of-pocket costs and out-of-pocket expenses of any kind that may be imposed on, incurred by or asserted against such Indemnified Party (collectively, the "Indemnified Amounts") in any way relating to, arising out of or resulting from (i) this Repurchase Agreement, the Repurchase Documents, the Mortgage Loan Documents or any transaction or Transaction contemplated hereby or thereby, or any amendment, supplement, extension or modification of, or any waiver or consent under or in respect of, this Repurchase Agreement, the Repurchase Documents, the Mortgage Loan Documents or any transaction or Transaction contemplated hereby or thereby, (ii) any Mortgage Asset and any Purchased Item, (iii) any violation of Applicable Law related to any of the forgoing (including, without limitation, violation of securities laws and Environmental Laws), (iv) ownership of the Repurchase Documents, the Mortgage Loan Documents, the Purchased Items, the Equity Interests, the Underlying Mortgaged Property, any other related Property or collateral or any part thereof or any interest therein or receipt of any Income or rents, (v) any accident, injury to or death of any person or loss of or damage to property occurring in, on or about any Underlying Mortgaged Property, any other related Property or collateral or any part thereof, the Purchased Items or on the adjoining sidewalks, curbs, parking areas, streets or ways, (vi) any use, nonuse or condition in, on or about, or possession, alteration, repair, operation, maintenance or management of, any Underlying Mortgaged Property, any other related Property or collateral or any part thereof or on the adjoining sidewalks, curbs, parking areas, streets or ways, (vii) any failure on the part of the Seller, the Pledgor the Guarantor to perform or comply with any of the terms of the Mortgage Loan Documents or the Repurchase Documents, (viii) performance of any labor or services or the furnishing of any materials or other property in respect of the Underlying Mortgaged Property, any other related Property or collateral, the Purchased Items or any part thereof, (ix) any claim by brokers, finders or similar Persons claiming to be entitled to a commission in connection with any lease or other transaction involving any Underlying Mortgaged Property, any other related Property or collateral, the Purchased Items or any part thereof or the Repurchase Documents, (x) any Taxes including, without limitation, any Taxes attributable to the execution, delivery, filing or recording of any Repurchase Document, any Mortgage Loan Document or any memorandum of any of the foregoing, (xi) any Lien or claim arising on or against the Underlying Mortgaged Property, any other related Property or collateral, the Equity Interests, the Purchased Items or any part thereof under any Applicable Law or any liability asserted against the Buyer with respect thereto, (xii) the claims of any lessee or any Person acting through or under any lessee or otherwise arising under or as a consequence of any leases with respect to any Underlying Mortgaged Property, related Property or collateral, or (xiii) any of the Seller's, the Guarantor's and/or any of their Affiliate's conduct, activities, actions and/or inactions in connection with, relating to or arising out of any of the foregoing in clauses of this Section 11(a), that, in each case, results from anything other than any Indemnified Party's gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Seller Annex I-79 agrees to hold any Indemnified Party harmless from and indemnify such Indemnified Party against all Indemnified Amounts with respect to all Purchased Items and Mortgage Assets relating to or arising out of any violation or alleged violation of, noncompliance with or liability under any Applicable Law (including, without limitation, securities laws and Environmental Laws) that, in each case, results from anything other than such Indemnified Party's gross negligence or willful misconduct. In any suit, proceeding or action brought by an Indemnified Party in connection with any Purchased Item for any sum owing thereunder, or to enforce any provisions of any Purchased Item, the Seller will save, indemnify and hold such Indemnified Party harmless from and against all expense, loss or damage suffered by reason of any defense, set-off, counterclaim, recoupment or reduction of liability whatsoever of the account debtor, obligor or Borrower thereunder arising out of a breach by the Seller, the Guarantor or an Affiliate of any of the foregoing any obligation thereunder or arising out of any other agreement, indebtedness or liability at any time owing to or in favor of such account debtor, obligor or Borrower or its successors from the Seller, the Guarantor or an Affiliate of any of the foregoing. The Seller also agrees to reimburse an Indemnified Party as and when billed by such Indemnified Party for all such Indemnified Party's costs, expenses and fees incurred in connection with the enforcement or the preservation of such Indemnified Party's rights under this Repurchase Agreement, the Repurchase Documents, the Mortgage Loan Documents and any transaction or Transaction contemplated hereby or thereby, including, without limitation, the reasonable fees and disbursements of its counsel. (b) Any amounts subject to the indemnification provisions of this Section 11 shall be paid by the Seller to the Indemnified Party within thirty (30) days following such Person's demand therefor. (c) The obligations of the Seller under this Section 11 shall survive the termination of this Repurchase Agreement until the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations. (d) Indemnification under this Section 11 shall be in an amount necessary to make the Indemnified Party whole after taking into account any tax consequences to the Indemnified Party of the receipt of the indemnity provided hereunder, including the effect of such tax or refund on the amount of tax measured by net income or profits that is or was payable by the Indemnified Party. 12. JURISDICTION; WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. (a) EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY AGREES TO THE NON-EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF ANY FEDERAL COURT LOCATED WITHIN THE STATE OF NEW YORK. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO AND EACH SECURED PARTY HEREBY WAIVES ANY OBJECTION BASED ON FORUM NON CONVENIENS AND ANY OBJECTION TO VENUE OF ANY ACTION INSTITUTED HEREUNDER IN ANY OF THE AFOREMENTIONED COURTS AND CONSENTS TO THE GRANTING OF SUCH LEGAL OR EQUITABLE RELIEF AS IS DEEMED APPROPRIATE BY SUCH COURT. (b) TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY WAIVES ANY RIGHT TO HAVE A JURY PARTICIPATE IN RESOLVING ANY DISPUTE, WHETHER SOUNDING IN CONTRACT, TORT, OR OTHERWISE BETWEEN THE PARTIES HERETO ARISING OUT OF, CONNECTED WITH, RELATED TO, OR INCIDENTAL TO THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANY OF THEM IN CONNECTION WITH THIS REPURCHASE AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY. INSTEAD, ANY SUCH DISPUTE RESOLVED IN COURT WILL BE RESOLVED IN A BENCH TRIAL WITHOUT A JURY. 13. AMENDMENTS AND WAIVERS. No amendment, waiver or other modification of any provision of this Repurchase Agreement shall be effective without the written agreement of each of the Annex I-80 Seller, the Buyer, the Guarantor and the Swap Counterparty to the extent the proposed amendment, waiver or other modification adversely affects the Swap Counterparty. Any waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the specific purpose for which given. 14. CONFIDENTIALITY. (a) Each of the Buyer, the Seller and the Guarantor and their Affiliates shall maintain and shall cause each of its employees, officers, directors, managers, partners, owners, agents, members and shareholders to maintain the confidentiality of this Repurchase Agreement, the Repurchase Documents and all information with respect to the other parties, including all information regarding the business of such other parties obtained by it or them in connection with the structuring, negotiating and execution of the transactions contemplated herein, except that the Buyer, the Seller and the Guarantor and their respective employees, officers, directors, managers, partners, owners, agents, members and shareholders may (i) disclose such information to its external accountants, attorneys, investors, potential investors and the agents of such Persons ("Excepted Persons"); provided, however, that each Excepted Person shall, as a condition to any such disclosure, agree for the benefit of the Buyer that such information shall be used solely in connection with such Excepted Person's evaluation of, or relationship with, the Seller, the Guarantor, the Pledgor and their Affiliates, (ii) disclose such information as is required by Applicable Law, and (iii) disclose this Repurchase Agreement, the Repurchase Documents and such information in any suit, action, proceeding or investigation (whether in law or in equity or pursuant to arbitration) involving this Repurchase Agreement or the Repurchase Documents for the purpose of defending itself, reducing its liability, or protecting or exercising any of its claims, rights, remedies or interests under or in connection with this Repurchase Agreement or the Repurchase Documents. It is understood that the financial terms that may not be disclosed except in compliance with this Section 14 include, without limitation, all fees and other pricing terms, and all Events of Default and priority of payment provisions. (b) Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, each of the Buyer, the Seller and the Guarantor hereby consents to the disclosure of any nonpublic information with respect to it (i) to any other party, (ii) to any permitted prospective or actual assignee, participant or pledgee of any of them , or (iii) to any officers, directors, employees, agents, outside accountants and attorneys of any of the foregoing, provided each such Person is informed of the confidential nature of such information. In addition, the Buyer, the Seller and the Guarantor may disclose any such nonpublic information as required pursuant to any law, rule, regulation, direction, request or order of any judicial, administrative or regulatory authority or proceedings (whether or not having the force or effect of law). (c) Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the foregoing shall not be construed to prohibit (i) disclosure of any and all information that is or becomes publicly known; (ii) disclosure of any and all information (A) if required to do so by any Applicable Law, (B) to any Government Authority having or claiming authority to regulate or oversee any respects of the Buyer's, the Seller's or the Guarantor's business or that of their Affiliates, (C) pursuant to any subpoena, civil investigative demand or similar demand or request of any court, regulatory authority, arbitrator or arbitration to which the Buyer, , the Seller, the Guarantor or an officer, director, employer, shareholder, owner, member, partner, agent, employee or Affiliate of the Buyer, the Seller or the Guarantor is a party, (D) in any preliminary or final offering circular, registration statement or contract or other document approved in advance by the Buyer, the Seller or the Guarantor, as applicable, or (E) to any Affiliate, independent or internal auditor, agent, employee or attorney of any custodian appointed by the Buyer, the Seller or the Guarantor having a need to know the same, provided that such custodian advises such recipient of the confidential nature of the information being disclosed; or (iii) any other disclosure authorized by the Buyer, the Seller or the Guarantor. Annex I-81 (d) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein or in any related document, all Persons may disclose to any and all Persons, without limitation of any kind, the federal income tax treatment of any of the transactions contemplated by this Repurchase Agreement, the Repurchase Document and any other related document, any fact relevant to understanding the federal tax treatment of such transactions and all materials of any kind (including opinions or other tax analyses) relating to such federal income tax treatment. 15. SWAP COUNTERPARTY. The Swap Counterparty shall be a third party beneficiary of the terms and provisions of this Repurchase Agreement and the other Repurchase Documents. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, all representations, warranties, duties and covenants of the Seller and the Guarantor to or for the benefit of the Buyer shall also be to and for the benefit of the Swap Counterparty, regardless of whether the same is expressly stated in each instance. 16. [RESERVED]. 17. COSTS AND EXPENSES. (a) The Seller agrees to pay as and when billed by the Buyer all of the reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses incurred by the Buyer in connection with the development, preparation and execution of, and any amendment, supplement, extension or modification to, this Repurchase Agreement, the Repurchase Documents, any Transaction hereunder and any other documents and agreements prepared in connection herewith or therewith. The Seller agrees to pay as and when billed by the Buyer all of the reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses incurred in connection with the consummation and administration of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby including, without limitation, (i) all the reasonable fees, disbursements and expenses of counsel to the Buyer and (ii) all the due diligence, inspection, testing, review, recording, travel, lodging or other administrative costs and expenses incurred by the Buyer with respect to the Buyer's review, consideration and purchase or proposed purchase of any Mortgage Asset or any Purchased Item under this Repurchase Agreement and the other Repurchase Documents (including any costs necessary or incidental to the execution of any Transaction under this Repurchase Agreement), including, but not limited to, those costs and expenses incurred by the Buyer and reimbursable by the Seller pursuant to Section 11 of this Repurchase Agreement. (b) The Seller shall pay on demand any and all stamp, sales, excise and other taxes and fees payable or determined to be payable in connection with the execution, delivery, filing and recording of this Repurchase Agreement, the Repurchase Documents or the other documents to be delivered hereunder or thereunder or the funding or maintenance of Transactions hereunder. 18. LEGAL MATTERS. (a) In the event of any conflict between the terms of this Repurchase Agreement, any other Repurchase Document and any Confirmation, the documents shall control in the following order of priority: first, the terms of the Confirmation shall prevail, then the terms of this Repurchase Agreement shall prevail, and then the terms of the other Repurchase Documents shall prevail. (b) Each of the Seller and the Guarantor hereby acknowledges that: (i) it has been advised by counsel of its choosing in the negotiation, execution and delivery of the Repurchase Documents; (ii) it has no fiduciary relationship with the Buyer (including under any Repurchase Document); and Annex I-82 (iii) no joint venture exists with the Buyer. 19. PROTECTION OF RIGHT, TITLE AND INTEREST; FURTHER ACTION EVIDENCING TRANSACTIONS. (a) The Seller agrees that, from time to time, at its expense, it will promptly execute and deliver all instruments and documents, and take all actions, that the Buyer may reasonably request in order to perfect, protect or more fully evidence the Transactions hereunder and the security interest granted in the Purchased Items, or to enable the Buyer to exercise and enforce its rights and remedies hereunder, under any Repurchase Document or under any Purchased Item. (b) If the Seller fails to perform any of its obligations hereunder, the Buyer may (but shall not be required to) perform, or cause performance of, such obligation; and the Buyer's reasonable costs and expenses incurred in connection therewith shall be payable by the Seller. The Seller irrevocably appoints the Buyer as its attorney-in-fact and authorizes the Buyer to act on behalf of the Seller to file financing statements necessary or desirable in the Buyer's discretion to perfect and to maintain the perfection and priority of the security interest in the Purchased Items. This appointment is coupled with an interest and is irrevocable. 20. REVIEW OF DUE DILIGENCE AND BOOKS AND RECORDS. Each of the Seller and the Guarantor acknowledge that the Buyer has the right to perform continuing due diligence reviews with respect to the Purchased Items and the Seller and the Guarantor for purposes of verifying compliance with the representations, warranties, covenants, agreements and specifications made hereunder, under the Repurchase Documents or otherwise, and each of the Seller and the Guarantor agree that, upon reasonable (but no less than one (1) Business Day's) prior notice, unless an Event of Default shall have occurred, in which case no notice is required, to the Seller or the Guarantor, as applicable, the Buyer or its authorized representatives shall be permitted during normal business hours to examine, inspect, and make copies and extracts of, the books and records of the Seller and the Guarantor, the Mortgage Asset Files and any and all documents, records, agreements, instruments or information relating to the Purchased Items in the possession or under the control of the Seller, the Guarantor, and/or the Custodian. Each of the Seller and the Guarantor also shall make available to the Buyer a knowledgeable financial or accounting officer for the purpose of answering questions respecting the Seller, the Guarantor, the Mortgage Asset Files and the Purchased Items. Each of the Seller and the Guarantor shall also make available to the Buyer any accountants or auditors of the Seller and the Guarantor to answer any questions or provide any documents as the Buyer may require. The Seller and the Guarantor shall also cause each of the Servicers and PSA Servicers (to the extent permitted under the applicable Pooling and Servicing Agreement) to cooperate with the Buyer by permitting the Buyer to conduct due diligence reviews of files of each such Servicer and PSA Servicer. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, each of the Seller and the Guarantor acknowledge that the Buyer may purchase Purchased Items from the Seller based solely upon the information provided by the Seller or the Guarantor to the Buyer in the Seller Asset Schedule and the representations, warranties and covenants contained herein, and that the Buyer, at its option, has the right at any time to conduct a partial or complete due diligence review on some or all of the Purchased Items purchased in a Transaction, including, without limitation, ordering new credit reports and new appraisals on the related Underlying Mortgaged Properties and otherwise re-generating the information used to originate such Purchased Items. The Buyer may underwrite such Purchased Items itself or engage a mutually agreed upon third party underwriter to perform such underwriting. Each of the Seller and the Guarantor agrees to cooperate with the Buyer and any third party underwriter in connection with such underwriting, including, but not limited to, providing the Buyer and any third party underwriter with access to any and all documents, records, agreements, instruments or information relating to such Purchased Items in the possession, or under the control, of the Seller or the Guarantor. The Seller shall Annex I-83 pay all out-of-pocket costs and expenses incurred by the Buyer in connection with the Buyer's activities pursuant to this Section 20. 21. TIME OF THE ESSENCE. Time is of the essence with respect to all obligations, duties, covenants, agreements, notices or actions or inactions of the Buyer, the Seller and the Guarantor under this Repurchase Agreement and the other Repurchase Documents. 22. CONSTRUCTION. This Agreement shall be construed fairly as to the parties hereto and not in favor of or against any party, regardless of which party or which party's counsel prepared this Repurchase Agreement. [REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK] [SIGNATURES TO FOLLOW] Annex I-84 [SIGNATURES CONTINUE ON FOLLOWING PAGE]IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Annex I by their duly authorized signatories as of the date hereof. THE BUYER: WACHOVIA BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association By: --------------------------------------- Name: ------------------------------------- Title: ------------------------------------ Wachovia Bank, National Association One Wachovia Center, Mail Code: NC0166 301 South College Street Charlotte, North Carolina 28288 Attention: Marianne Hickman Facsimile No.: (704) 715-0066 Confirmation No.: (704) 715-7818 Annex I-85 [SIGNATURES CONTINUE ON FOLLOWING PAGE]THE SELLER: NRFC WA HOLDINGS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company By: --------------------------------------- Name: ------------------------------------- Title: ------------------------------------ Address for Notices: NRFC WA Holdings, LLC c/o NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. 527 Madison Avenue New York, New York 10022 Attention: Mark E. Chertok Richard McCready Daniel R. Gilbert Facsimile No.: (212) 208-2651 (212) 319-4558 Confirmation No.: (212) 319-2618 (212) 319-2623 (212) 319-3679 with a copy to: Paul Hastings Janofsky & Walker LLP 75 East 55th Street New York, New York 10022 Attention: Robert J. Grados, Esq. Facsimile No.: (212) 230-7830 Confirmation No.: (212) 318-6923 Annex I-86 Annex I-87THE GUARANTOR: NORTHSTAR REALTY FINANCE CORP., a Maryland corporation By: --------------------------------------- Name: ------------------------------------- Title: ------------------------------------ Address for Notices: NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. 527 Madison Avenue New York, New York 10022 Attention: Mark E. Chertok Richard McCready Daniel R. Gilbert Facsimile No.: (212) 208-2651 (212) 319-4558 Confirmation No.: (212) 319-2618 (212) 319-2623 (212) 319-3679 with a copy to: Paul Hastings Janofsky & Walker LLP 75 East 55th Street New York, New York 10022 Attention: Robert J. Grados, Esq. Facsimile No.: (212) 230-7830 Confirmation No.: (212) 318-6923
EXHIBIT 31.1
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
I, David T. Hamamoto, certify that:
1. | I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of NorthStar Realty Finance Corp.; |
2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
4. | The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have: |
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(c) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and
5. | The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
Date: August 12, 2005 |
By:
/s/ David T. Hamamoto
Name: David T. Hamamoto Title: Chief Executive Officer |
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EXHIBIT 31.2
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
I, Mark E. Chertok, certify that:
1. | I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of NorthStar Realty Finance Corp.; |
2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
4. | The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have: |
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(c) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and
5. | The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
Date: August 12, 2005 |
By:
/s/ Mark E. Chertok
Name: Mark E. Chertok Title: Chief Financial Officer |
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EXHIBIT 32.1
CERTIFICATION OF CEO PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION
1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE
SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. (the "Company") for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2005, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), David T. Hamamoto, as Chief Executive Officer of the Company, hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of his knowledge:
(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
Date: August 12, 2005 By: |
/s/ David T.
Hamamoto
Name: David T. Hamamoto Title: Chief Executive Officer |
This certification accompanies the Report pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and shall not, except to the extent required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, be deemed filed by the Company for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.
EXHIBIT 32.2
CERTIFICATION OF CFO PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION
1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE
SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. (the "Company") for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2005, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), Mark E. Chertok, as Chief Financial Officer of the Company, hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of his knowledge:
(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
Date: August 12, 2005 By: |
/s/ Mark E.
Chertok
Name: Mark E. Chertok Title: Chief Financial Officer |
This certification accompanies the Report pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and shall not, except to the extent required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, be deemed filed by the Company for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.