UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report (Date of Earliest Event Reported):               October 19, 2007
Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc.
 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
         
Florida   001-15799   650701248
         
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation)
  (Commission
File Number)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
     
4400 Biscayne Blvd., 12th Floor, Miami, Florida   33137
     
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:               (212) 409-2000
Not Applicable
 
Former name or former address, if changed since last report
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:
o Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
o Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
o Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
o Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))
 
 

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Item 1.01 Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement.
On October 19, 2007 (the “Closing Date”), Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. (the “Company”) acquired (the “Acquisition”) all of the outstanding shares of privately-held Investacorp Inc. and related companies (collectively, “Investacorp”), an independent broker-dealer and investment adviser, pursuant to a Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of the Closing Date by and among the Company, Investacorp, Bruce A. Zwigard (“Zwigard”) and the Bruce A. Zwigard Grantor Retained Annuity Trust dated June 20, 2007 (together with Zwigard, the “Sellers”). On the Closing Date, the Company paid the Sellers $25 million. In addition, the Company issued a three-year, non-negotiable promissory note (the “Zwigard Note”) in the aggregate principal amount of $15 million to Zwigard. The Zwigard Note bears interest at 4.11% per annum and is payable in 36 equal monthly installments. The Company has pledged the stock of Investacorp to Zwigard pursuant to a pledge agreement as security for the payment of the Zwigard Note. The Zwigard Note contains customary events of default, which if uncured, entitle Zwigard to accelerate the due date of the unpaid principal amount of, and all accrued and unpaid interest on, the Zwigard Note. In addition, the Company paid the Sellers an additional amount of approximately $5.1 million, subject to adjustment post-closing, representing Investacorp’s retained earnings plus paid-in capital.
In connection with the Acquisition, on the Closing Date, the Company entered into a $30 million revolving credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with Frost Gamma Investments Trust (“Frost Gamma”), an entity affiliated with Dr. Phillip Frost, the Chairman of the Board and principal shareholder of the Company. The Credit Agreement has a five-year term and bears interest at a rate of 11% per annum, payable quarterly. The Credit Agreement provides for the payment of a one-time funding fee of $150,000. The note issued under the Credit Agreement contains customary events of default, which if uncured, entitle the holder to accelerate the due date of the unpaid principal amount of, and all accrued and unpaid interest on, such note. Pursuant to the Credit Agreement, the Company granted to Frost Gamma a warrant (the “Warrant”) to purchase 2,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. The Warrant is exercisable for a ten-year period and the exercise price is $1.91, the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the Closing Date.
In connection with his continued employment with Investacorp, the Company granted Zwigard employee stock options (the “Zwigard Options”) to purchase a total of 3,000,000 shares of its common stock at $1.91, the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the Closing Date. These options vest over a three-year period (subject to certain exceptions), have a ten-year term and were issued pursuant to a non-plan option agreement.
The summary of the foregoing transactions is qualified in its entirety by reference to the text of the agreements attached as exhibits hereto and incorporated herein by reference.
Item 2.01 Completion of Acquisition or Disposition of Assets.
The information in Item 1.01 of this Current Report is incorporated by reference herein.
Item 2.03 Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation or an Obligation under an Off-Balance Sheet Arrangement of a Registrant.
The information in Item 1.01 of this Current Report is incorporated by reference herein.
Item 3.02 Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities.
The information in Item 1.01 of this Current Report is incorporated by reference herein. The Warrant and the Zwigard Options were issued in reliance on the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, as the issuances did not involve a public offering.

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Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits.
(a) Financial statements of businesses acquired.
The financial statements required by Item 9.01(a) of Form 8-K will be filed by amendment within 71 calendar days after the date this report on Form 8-K was required to be filed.
(b) Pro forma financial information.
The pro forma financial statements required by Item 9.01(b) of Form 8-K will be filed by amendment within 71 calendar days after the date this report on Form 8-K was required to be filed.
(d) Exhibits.
4.1 Credit Agreement, dated as of October 19, 2007, by and between Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. and Frost Gamma Investments Trust, including the form of Note thereunder.
4.2 Non-Negotiable Promissory Note, dated as of October 19, 2007, made by Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. in favor of Bruce A. Zwigard.
4.3 Pledge Agreement, dated as of October 19, 2007, by and between Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. and Bruce A. Zwigard.
10.1 Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 19, 2007, by and among Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc., the Investacorp Companies, the VIA Companies, Bruce A. Zwigard and the Bruce A. Zwigard Grantor Retained Annuity Trust dated June 20, 2007.
10.2 Non-Plan Option Agreement, dated as of October 19, 2007, by and between Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. and Bruce A. Zwigard.
10.3 Warrant, dated as of October 19, 2007, issued to Frost Gamma Investments Trust pursuant to Credit Agreement.
99.1 Press Release issued on October 22, 2007.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
         
  Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc.
 
 
October 22, 2007   By:    /s/ Diane Chillemi    
    Name:    Diane Chillemi    
    Title:    VP and Chief Financial Officer    
 

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EXHIBIT 4.1
CREDIT AGREEMENT
     THIS CREDIT AGREEMENT (this “ Agreement ”), dated as of October 19, 2007 (the “ Initial Closing Date ”), is entered into by and between Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc., a Florida corporation (“ Borrower ”) and Frost Gamma Investments Trust , a Florida trust ( “ Frost Gamma ”).
RECITALS
      WHEREAS, Borrower is a party to that certain Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Stock Purchase Agreement” ) dated as of the Initial Closing Date, pursuant to which Borrower will purchase (the “ Acquisition ”) the outstanding capital stock of Investacorp, Inc. and related companies (capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Stock Purchase Agreement).
      WHEREAS , Frost Gamma desires to provide Borrower with a senior line of credit (the “ Line of Credit ”) in the amount of $30,000,000 (the “Available Amount” ) on the terms set forth herein.
      NOW , THEREFORE , in consideration of the covenants, promises and representations set forth herein, and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby expressly and mutually acknowledged, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
LINE OF CREDIT
     Section 1.1. The Line of Credit . From time to time prior to the Maturity Date (as defined in the Note (as hereafter defined)), subject to the provisions below, Frost Gamma shall make Advances (as hereafter defined) to Borrower, which Borrower shall pay and may reborrow, so long as the aggregate amount of Advances outstanding at any one time shall not exceed the Available Amount.
     Section 1.2. Warrants . In consideration of the extension of credit hereunder, Borrower will grant to Frost Gamma one or more Warrants (the “Warrants” ), which warrants will be issued substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A , with an exercise price equal to the closing price of Borrowers’ Common Stock on the Initial Closing Date and will provide such parties the right to buy 2,000,000 shares of the Borrower’s common stock.
     Section 1.3. Note . The indebtedness of Borrower to Frost Gamma will be evidenced by a senior note in substantially the form of Exhibit B (the “Note” ). The original principal amount of the Note will be $30,000,000; provided , however , that notwithstanding the face amount of the Note, Borrower’s liability under the Note shall be limited at all times to its actual indebtedness, principal, interest, fees, charges, expenses and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs and other amounts, obligations, covenants and duties owing by Borrower to Frost Gamma (or any permitted assignee) of any kind and description (whether pursuant to or evidenced by the Note or this Agreement), whether direct or indirect, absolute or contingent, due or to become due, now existing or hereafter arising, including Lender’s Expenses (collectively, the “Obligations” ), in each case as then outstanding hereunder and under the Note. As used herein, “Lender’s Expenses” means all reasonable attorneys’ fees, costs and expenses incurred in amending, enforcing or defending the Note (including fees and expenses of appeal or review), including the exercise of any rights or remedies afforded under the Note or under applicable law, whether or not suit is brought, whether before or after bankruptcy or insolvency, including without limitation all fees and costs incurred by Frost Gamma in connection with Frost Gamma’s enforcement of its rights in a bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding filed by or against Borrower.
     Section 1.4. Use of Proceeds . Funds advanced under the Line of Credit shall be used for the Acquisition and for working capital or general corporate purposes of Borrower.
     Section 1.5. Payment of Outstanding Amount . The aggregate Obligations outstanding on the Maturity Date shall be due and payable on the Maturity Date in accordance with the terms of the Note.

 


 

     Section 1.6. Interest . Interest on the outstanding principal amount of the Line of Credit shall accrue at a rate equal to eleven percent (11%) per annum, compounded quarterly (the “ Interest Rate ”), and shall be payable on the last day of each calendar month until the repayment in full of all Obligations, the termination of this Agreement and cancellation of the Note.
     Section 1.7. Default Rate . Upon the Maturity Date, whether by acceleration, demand or otherwise, and at Frost Gamma’s option upon the occurrence of any Event of Default (as defined in the Note) and during the continuance thereof, the Note shall bear interest at a rate that shall be five percent (5.0%) in excess of the Interest Rate but not more than the maximum rate allowed by law (the “ Default Rate ”). The Default Rate shall continue to apply whether or not judgment shall be entered on the Note. The Default Rate is imposed as liquidated damages for the purpose of defraying Frost Gamma’s expenses incident to the handling of delinquent payments, but are in addition to, and not in lieu of, Frost Gamma’s exercise of any rights and remedies hereunder or under applicable law, and any fees and expenses of any agents or attorneys which Frost Gamma may employ. In addition, the Default Rate reflects the increased credit risk to Frost Gamma of carrying a loan that is in default. Borrower agrees that the Default Rate is a reasonable forecast of just compensation for anticipated and actual harm incurred by Frost Gamma, and that the actual harm incurred by Frost Gamma cannot be estimated with certainty and without difficulty.
     Section 1.8. Advances . Borrower shall give Frost Gamma prior written notice not later than 3:00 p.m., Eastern time, on the third business day prior to the date of any advance of credit pursuant to the Line of Credit hereunder (an “Advance” ). Any such notice shall be in the form of the Borrowing Notice set forth as Exhibit C (the “ Borrowing Notice ”), shall be certified by the president or Chief Financial Officer of Borrower, and shall set forth the aggregate amount of the requested Advance. Upon receiving a request for an Advance to which Borrower is entitled hereunder and under the Note, and provided there is no Event of Default (as defined in the Note), Frost Gamma shall make available to Borrower the amount of the requested Advance by wire transfer of immediately available funds to a bank account designated by Borrower on the third business day after receipt of such Borrowing Notice. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Borrower shall not be required to provide three business days’ advance notice of funding for the first Advance on the Initial Closing Date.
     Section 1.9. Prepayment . Borrower may prepay the outstanding Obligations under the Line of Credit at any time without premium or penalty. Prepayments of all or any portion of the Obligations shall not reduce the Available Amount, and funds may be reborrowed hereunder up to the Available Amount, subject to the provision hereof and the Note.
     Section 1.10. Payment Application . Any and all payments on account of the Obligations will be applied first to accrued and unpaid interest and second to outstanding principal and other sums due hereunder. If Borrower makes a payment or payments and such payment or payments, or any part thereof, are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside or are required to be repaid to a trustee, receiver, or any other person under any bankruptcy act, state, provincial or federal law, common law or equitable cause, then to the extent of such payment or payments, the Obligations or part thereof hereunder intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if said payment or payments had not been made.
     Section 1.11. Conditions to First Advance . The obligation of Frost Gamma to make the first Advance shall be subject to Frost Gamma’s receipt of the following documents, each in form and substance satisfactory to Frost Gamma:
  (a)   This Agreement . This Agreement duly executed by Borrower and Frost Gamma.
 
  (b)   Promissory Note . The Note duly executed by Borrower.
 
  (c)   Borrowing Notice . A completed Borrowing Notice required under Section 1.8 hereof.
 
  (d)   The Warrants . The Warrants duly executed by Borrower.
 
  (e)   Borrower Secretary’s Certificate . The duly authorized Secretary of Borrower shall have delivered

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      a certified copy of Borrower’s Articles of Incorporation, as amended, and a certificate as to its Amended and Restated Bylaws and resolutions adopted by its board of directors authorizing this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby.
  (f)   Initial Funding Fee . Borrower shall have paid to Frost Gamma a one-time initial funding fee of $150,000.
 
  (g)   Other Documents . Such additional documents as Frost Gamma reasonably may request.
     Section 1.12. Subsequent Advances . The obligation of Frost Gamma to make additional Advances shall be subject to Frost Gamma’s receipt of a completed Borrowing Notice and such additional documents as Frost Gamma reasonably may request and the absence of any Event of Default.
     Section 1.13 Ranking . The Line of Credit and Note will rank senior in right of payment to all of Borrower’s subordinated indebtedness incurred after the Initial Closing Date and equal in right of payment with all other senior indebtedness of Borrower incurred after the Initial Closing Date.
ARTICLE II
CLOSINGS
     Section 2.1. Initial Closing . The closing of this Agreement (the “ Initial Closing ”) shall take place at 153 E. 53 rd Street, 49 th Floor, New York, NY or at such other location(s) as the parties may agree commencing at 9:00 a.m. local time on the Closing Date of the Stock Purchase Agreement (as defined therein). At the Initial Closing:
  (a)   Borrower shall deliver to Frost Gamma a fully executed copy of this Agreement, the Note and the other documents described in Section 1.11.
 
  (b)   Frost Gamma shall deliver to Borrower a fully executed copy of this Agreement.
     Section 2.2. Subsequent Closings . The closing of any subsequent advance under this Agreement shall take place at 153 E. 53 rd Street, 49 th Floor, New York, NY or at such other location(s) as the parties may agree commencing at 9:00 a.m. local time on the date set forth in the Borrowing Notice (provided timely delivery of such Borrowing Notice to Frost Gamma has been made). At each such subsequent closing, Frost Gamma shall have timely received a completed Borrowing Notice and such additional documents as Frost Gamma reasonably may request.
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF BORROWER
     Each of the representations and warranties of the Borrower (and any limitations thereon) set forth in the Stock Purchase Agreement are hereby incorporated by reference herein and made by Borrower in favor of Frost Gamma as if fully set forth in this Agreement. In addition, Borrower represents and warrants to Frost Gamma as follows:
     Section 3.1 Capacity; Execution of Agreement . Borrower has all requisite power, authority, and capacity to enter into this Agreement and to perform the transactions and obligations to be performed by it hereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement, and the performance by Borrower of the transactions and obligations contemplated hereby have been duly authorized by all requisite corporate action of Borrower. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by Borrower and constitutes a valid and legally binding agreement of Borrower, enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as enforcement thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws, both state and federal, affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights or remedies in general from time to time in effect and the exercise by courts of equity powers or their application of principles of public policy.

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     Section 3.2. Power and Authority . Borrower has all requisite legal and other power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and to carry out and perform its other obligations hereunder.
ARTICLE IV
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF LENDER
     Except as set forth on the Schedule of Exceptions delivered to Borrower in connection with this Agreement, Frost Gamma represents and warrants to Borrower as of the date of this Agreement as follows:
     Section 4.1. Capacity; Execution of Agreement . Frost Gamma has all requisite power, authority, and capacity to enter into this Agreement and to perform the transactions and obligations to be performed by it hereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement, and the performance by Frost Gamma of the transactions and obligations contemplated hereby have been duly authorized by all requisite corporate action of Frost Gamma. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by Frost Gamma and constitutes a valid and legally binding agreement of Frost Gamma, enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as enforcement thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws, both state and federal, affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights or remedies in general from time to time in effect and the exercise by courts of equity powers or their application of principles of public policy.
     Section 4.2. Formation and Standing . Frost Gamma is a trust duly formed, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Florida. Frost Gamma has the requisite power and authority to own and operate its properties and assets, and to carry on its business as currently conducted.
     Section 4.3. Power and Authority . Frost Gamma has all requisite legal and other power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and to carry out and perform its other obligations hereunder.
     Section 4.4. Accredited Investor . Frost Gamma is an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a) of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act.
     Section 4.5. Suitability and Sophistication . Frost Gamma has (i) such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that it is capable of independently evaluating the risks and merits of entering into this Agreement acquiring the Warrants and (ii) independently evaluated the risks and merits of acquiring the Warrants and has independently determined that the Warrants are a suitable investment for it.
     Section 4.6. Brokers or Finders . Frost Gamma has not engaged any brokers, finders or agents, or incurred, directly or indirectly, any liability for brokerage or finders’ fees or agents’ commissions or any similar charges in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby.
ARTICLE V
MISCELLANEOUS
     Section 5.1. Survival of Representations and Warranties; Indemnification .
  (a)   The representations and warranties of Borrower and Frost Gamma contained in or made pursuant to this Agreement will survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Initial Closing, and for an additional 12 months subsequent to the Initial Closing, and with respect to the representations and warranties of Borrower only, for the longer of an additional 12 months subsequent to any subsequent Advance and the time period during which any Obligations are outstanding.
 
  (b)   Borrower hereby agrees to indemnify and hold harmless Frost Gamma and, as applicable, its officers, directors, stockholders, agents and representatives from and against any and all claims, demands, losses, damages, expenses or liabilities (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) due to or

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      arising out of a material breach of any representation, warranty or covenant provided, made or agreed to by Borrower hereunder or under the Note.
  (c)   Frost Gamma hereby agrees to indemnify and hold harmless Borrower and, as applicable, its officers, managers, directors, stockholders, members, agents and representatives from and against any and all claims, demands, losses, damages, expenses or liabilities (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) due to or arising out of a material breach of any representation, warranty or covenant provided, made or agreed to by Frost Gamma hereunder.
     Section 5.2. Successors and Assigns . This Agreement is binding upon and inures to the benefit of the parties and their successors and assigns. Borrower may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of Frost Gamma. Frost Gamma may assign its rights and obligations hereunder to an entity directly or indirectly controlled by or under common control with Frost Gamma.
     Section 5.3. Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, and all of which together shall constitute one instrument.
     Section 5.4. Facsimile . A facsimile copy of an original written signature shall be deemed to have the same effect as an original written signature.
     Section 5.5. Captions and Headings . The captions and headings used in this Agreement are used for convenience only and are not to be considered in construing or interpreting this Agreement.
     Section 5.6. Notices . Unless otherwise provided herein, all notices, requests, waivers and other communications made pursuant to this Agreement will be in writing and will be conclusively deemed to have been duly given (i) when hand delivered to the other party; (ii) upon receipt, when sent by facsimile to the number set forth below or email to the address set forth below; (iii) five business days after deposit in the U.S. mail, postage prepaid and addressed to the other party at the address set forth below; or (iv) the next business day after deposit with a national overnight delivery service, postage prepaid, addressed to the parties as set forth below with next business day delivery guaranteed. Each person making a communication hereunder by facsimile or email will promptly confirm by telephone to the person to whom such communication was addressed each communication made by it by facsimile or email pursuant hereto but the absence of such confirmation will not affect the validity of any such communication. A party may change or supplement the addresses given below, or designate additional addresses for purposes of this Section 5.6, by giving the other party written notice of the new address in the manner set forth above.
If to Borrower:
Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc.
c/o Ladenburg Thalman &Co. Inc.
153 East 53 rd Street
49 th Floor
New York, NY 10022
Attention: Diane Chillemi
Phone: 631-270-1607
Facsimile: 631-270-1988
with a copy to:
Ladenburg Thalman &Co. Inc.
153 East 53 rd Street
49 th Floor
New York, NY 10022
Attention: Joseph Giovanniello, Jr.
Phone: 212-409-2544
Facsimile: 212-409-2575

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If to Frost Gamma:
Frost Gamma Investments Trust
4400 Biscayne Blvd.
15 th Floor
Miami, FL 33137
Attention: AnneMarie Pascual.
Phone: 305-575-6511
Facsimile: 305-575-6444
     Section 5.7. Amendments and Waivers . Any term of this Agreement may be amended and the observance of any term of this Agreement may be waived (either generally or in a particular instance and either retroactively or prospectively), only with the written consent of Borrower and Frost Gamma.
     Section 5.8. Enforceability; Severability . The parties hereto agree that each provision of this Agreement will be interpreted in such a manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law. If one or more provisions of this Agreement are nevertheless held to be prohibited, invalid or unenforceable under applicable law, such provision will be effective to the fullest extent possible excluding the terms affected by such prohibition, invalidity or unenforceability, without invalidating the remainder of such provision or the remaining provisions of this Agreement. If the prohibition, invalidity or unenforceability referred to in the prior sentence requires such provision to be excluded from this Agreement in its entirety, the balance of the Agreement will be interpreted as if such provision were so excluded and will be enforceable in accordance with its terms.
     Section 5.9. Governing Law . This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with, and governed in all respects by, the laws of the State of Florida.
     Section 5.10. Waiver of Jury Trial . EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ITS RIGHT TO A JURY TRIAL OF ANY CLAIM OR CAUSE OF ACTION BASED UPON OR ARISING OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY DEALINGS BETWEEN THE PARTIES HERETO RELATING TO THE SUBJECT MATTER HEREOF. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO ALSO WAIVES ANY BOND OR SURETY OR SECURITY UPON SUCH BOND THAT MIGHT, BUT FOR THIS WAIVER, BE REQUIRED OF THE OTHER PARTY. THE SCOPE OF THIS WAIVER IS INTENDED TO BE ALL-ENCOMPASSING OF ANY AND ALL DISPUTES THAT MAY BE FILED IN ANY COURT AND THAT RELATE TO THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THIS AGREEMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, CONTRACT CLAIMS, TORT CLAIMS, BREACH OF DUTY CLAIMS AND ALL OTHER COMMON LAW AND STATUTORY CLAIMS. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO ACKNOWLEDGES THAT THIS WAIVER IS A MATERIAL INDUCEMENT TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY FURTHER ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT EACH HAS REVIEWED OR HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO REVIEW THIS WAIVER WITH ITS RESPECTIVE LEGAL COUNSEL, AND THAT IT KNOWINGLY AND VOLUNTARILY WAIVES ITS JURY TRIAL RIGHTS FOLLOWING CONSULTATION WITH SUCH LEGAL COUNSEL. IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, THIS AGREEMENT MAY BE FILED AS A WRITTEN CONSENT TO A TRIAL BY THE COURT.
     Section 5.11. Further Assurances; Access . Frost Gamma and Borrower will from time to time and at all times hereafter make, do, execute, or cause or procure to be made, done and executed such further acts, deeds, conveyances, consents and assurances without further consideration, which may reasonably be required to effect the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Upon reasonable written notice, Borrower shall afford the officers, employees and authorized agents and representatives of Frost Gamma reasonable access, during normal business hours, to the offices, properties, books, records and such additional financial and operating data and other information regarding the assets, goodwill and business of the Borrower as Frost Gamma may from time to time reasonably request.
     Section 5.12. Entire Agreement . This Agreement and all exhibits hereto and thereto constitute the entire agreement among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof and no party will be liable or bound to any other party in any manner by any warranties, representations or covenants except as specifically set forth herein or therein.

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     Section 5.13. Delays or Omissions . No delay or omission to exercise any right power or remedy accruing to any party under this Agreement, or upon any breach or default of any other party under this Agreement, will impair any such right, power or remedy of such non-breaching or non-defaulting party nor will it be construed to be a waiver of any such breach or default, or an acquiescence therein, or of or in any similar breach or default thereafter occurring; nor will any waiver of any single breach or default be deemed a waiver of any other breach or default theretofore or thereafter occurring. Any waiver, permit, consent or approval of any kind or character on the part of any party of any provisions or conditions of this Agreement, must be in writing and will be effective only to the extent specifically set forth in such writing. Except as otherwise set forth herein, all remedies, either under this Agreement or by law or otherwise afforded to any party, will be cumulative and not alternative.
     Section 5.14. Third Party Beneficiaries . This Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective permitted successors and assigns, and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other person or entity.
     Section 5.15. Equitable Relief . The parties hereto recognize that, if such party fails to perform or discharge any of its obligations under this Agreement, any remedy at law may prove to be inadequate relief to the other parties. Each party hereto therefore agrees that the other parties are entitled to seek temporary and permanent injunctive relief and any other equitable remedy a court of competent jurisdiction may deem appropriate in any such case.
     Section 5.16. No Strict Construction . The language used in this Agreement is deemed to be the language chosen by the parties to express their mutual intent, and no rules of strict construction will be applied against any party.
     Section 5.17. Public Announcements . No public announcements shall be made by any party hereto relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement without the prior written consent of the Borrower and Frost Gamma, such consent not to be unreasonably            withheld, except where required by applicable law; provided, however , that in the event of such a legally required disclosure, the disclosing party will consult with the other consenting party with respect to the text of such disclosure and will provide the other consenting party with a copy of the disclosure prior to its publication.
     Section 5.18. Expenses . Each party shall bear its own costs and expenses in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, except to the extent that Lender’s Expenses shall be Obligations subject to the provisions hereof.
     Section 5.19. Exhibits and Schedule of Exceptions . All exhibits, annexes and schedules, including the Schedule of Exceptions set forth as Exhibit D hereto, annexed hereto or referred to herein are hereby incorporated in and made a part of this Agreement as if set forth in full herein. A disclosure in any particular Schedule of the Schedule of Exceptions or otherwise in this Agreement will be deemed adequate to disclose another exception to a representation or warranty made herein if the disclosure identifies the exception with reasonable particularity so that any exception to any other Schedule is reasonably apparent.
[ Signatures begin on next page .]

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     IN WITNESS THEREOF, this Agreement has been executed by the undersigned as of the day, month and year first above written.
         
  Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc.
 
 
  By:   /s/ Richard J. Lampen  
    Name:   Richard J. Lampen    
    Title:   President and CEO   
 
         
  Frost Gamma Investments Trust
 
 
  By:   /s/ Phillip Frost  
    Name:   Phillip Frost, M.D.    
    Title:   Trustee   
 

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EXHIBIT A
FORM OF WARRANT

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EXHIBIT B
NOTE
$30,000,000   New York, NY
     
    Dated as of October 19, 2007
     FOR VALUE RECEIVED, Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc., a Florida corporation with offices at 4400 Biscayne Blvd., 12 th Floor, Miami, FL 33137 (“ Borrower ”), pursuant to this Note (“ Note ”), hereby promises to pay to Frost Gamma Investments Trust, a Florida trust, (“ Lender ”) at such place as Lender may designate from time to time in writing, in lawful money of the United States of America, the principal amount of $30,000,000, or such lesser amount as shall equal the outstanding principal balance of the loan (the “ Loan ”) made to Borrower by Lender pursuant to that certain Credit Agreement, dated as of October 19, 2007, by and between Borrower and Lender (the “ Credit Agreement ”) and this Note, and to pay all other amounts due with respect to the Loan on the dates and in the amounts set forth in the Credit Agreement and this Note.
     1.  Definitions . All terms used, but not defined herein, shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Credit Agreement. In addition, the terms set forth below shall have the following meanings:
          (a) “ Advances ” means amounts advanced under the Note upon prior written notice to the Lender by the Borrower not later than 3:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, on the third business day prior to the date of any advance of credit pursuant hereto. Any such notice shall be in the form of the Borrowing Notice (as hereafter defined), shall be certified by the president or chief financial officer of Borrower, and shall set forth the aggregate amount of the requested Advance. Upon receiving a request for an Advance to which Borrower is entitled hereunder, the Lender shall make the requested Advance available to Borrower by wire transfer of immediately available funds to a bank account designated by Borrower. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Borrower shall not be required to provide three (3) business days advance notice of funding for the first Advance on the Initial Closing Date.
          (b) “ Available Amount ” means thirty million dollars ($30,000,000).
          (c) “ Borrowing Notice ” means the Notice of Borrowing set forth as Exhibit C to the Credit Agreement.
          (d) “ Credit Agreement ” means the Credit Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, between Borrower and Lender.
          (e) “ Default Rate ” shall mean a rate that shall be five percent (5.0%) in excess of the Interest Rate but not more than the maximum rate allowed by law. The Default Rate is imposed as liquidated damages for the purpose of defraying the Lender’s expenses incident to the handling of delinquent payments, but are in addition to, and not in lieu of, the Lender’s exercise of any rights and remedies hereunder or under applicable law, and any fees and

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expenses of any agents or attorneys which the Lender may employ. In addition, the Default Rate reflects the increased credit risk to the Lender of carrying a loan that is in default. Borrower agrees that the Default Rate is a reasonable forecast of just compensation for anticipated and actual harm incurred by the Lender, and that the actual harm incurred by the Lender cannot be estimated with certainty and without difficulty.
          (f) “ Event of Default ” shall mean the occurrence of one or more of the following events:
               (1) Borrower shall fail to make any payment due to Lender under this Note when the same shall become due and payable, whether at maturity, by acceleration or otherwise, within five (5) business days after receipt of written notice from Lender that such payment is due and unpaid.
               (2) Borrower violates any of the covenants contained in Sections 6 and 7 of this Note and fails to remedy such violation within ten (10) days after receipt of written notice from Lender that such a violation has occurred.
               (3) Any material portion of Borrower’s assets is attached, seized, subjected to a writ or distress warrant, or is levied upon, or comes into the possession of any trustee, receiver or person acting in a similar capacity and such attachment, seizure, writ or distress warrant or levy has not been removed, discharged or rescinded within ten (10) business days, or if Borrower is enjoined, restrained, or in any way prevented by court order from continuing to conduct all or any material part of its business affairs, or if a judgment or other claim becomes a lien or encumbrance upon any material portion of Borrower’s assets, or if a notice of lien, levy, or assessment is filed of record with respect to any of Borrower’s assets by the United States Government, or any department, agency, or instrumentality thereof, or by any state, county, municipal or governmental agency, and the same is not paid within ten (10) business days after Borrower receives notice thereof; provided that none of the foregoing shall constitute an Event of Default where such action or event is stayed or an adequate bond has been posted pending a good faith contest by Borrower.
               (4) Any document executed in connection with the Loan ceases to be, or Borrower asserts that such document is not, in any material respect, a legal, valid and binding obligation of Borrower enforceable in accordance with its terms.
               (5) A proceeding shall have been instituted in a court having jurisdiction in the premises seeking a decree or order for relief in respect of Borrower in an involuntary case under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect, or for the appointment of a receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee (or similar official) of Borrower or for any substantial part of its property, or for the winding-up or liquidation of its affairs, and such proceeding shall remain undismissed or unstayed and in effect for a period of sixty (60) consecutive days or such court shall enter a decree or order granting the relief sought in such proceeding.

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               (6) Borrower commences a voluntary case under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect, consents to the entry of an order for relief in an involuntary case under any such law, or consents to the appointment of or taking possession by a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian (or other similar official) of Borrower or for any substantial part of its property, or shall make a general assignment for the benefit of creditors, or shall fail generally to pay its debts, other than debts contested in good faith, as they become due, or shall take any corporate action in furtherance of any of the foregoing.
               (7) One or more defaults shall exist under any agreement with any third party or parties which consists of the failure to pay any Indebtedness at maturity or which results in the acceleration of any Indebtedness prior to its stated maturity and the aggregate amount of such Indebtedness is in excess of Five Hundred Thousand Dollars ($500,000) and such acceleration is not annulled within thirty (30) days or such payment default continues for thirty (30) days.
               (8) A final, non-appealable judgment or judgments entered by a court or courts of competent jurisdiction for the payment of money in an amount, individually or in the aggregate, of at least Five Hundred Thousand Dollars ($500,000) shall be rendered against Borrower and shall remain unsatisfied, unbonded and unstayed for a period of thirty (30) days or more.
               (9) Any material misrepresentation or material misstatement that exists now or hereafter in any warranty, representation, statement, certification or report made to Lender by Borrower or any officer, employee, agent or director of Borrower shall prove to have been false or misleading in any material respect when made or furnished.
          (g) “ Indebtedness ” means, with respect to Borrower, the aggregate amount of, without duplication, (a) all obligations of Borrower for borrowed money, (b) all obligations of Borrower evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or other similar instruments, (c) all obligations of Borrower to pay the deferred purchase price of property or services (excluding trade payables aged less than one hundred eighty (180) days), (d) all capital lease obligations of Borrower, (e) all obligations or liabilities of others secured by a Lien on any asset of Borrower, whether or not such obligation or liability is assumed, (f) all obligations or liabilities of others guaranteed by Borrower, and (g) any other obligations or liabilities which are required by GAAP to be shown as debt on the balance sheet of Borrower.
          (h) “ Interest Rate ” shall be 11% per annum.
          (i) “ Lender’s Expenses ” means all reasonable attorneys’ fees, costs and expenses incurred in amending, enforcing or defending the Note (including fees and expenses of appeal or review), including the exercise of any rights or remedies afforded under the Note; or under applicable law, whether or not suit is brought, whether before or after bankruptcy or insolvency, including without limitation all fees and costs incurred by Lender in connection with Lender’s enforcement of its rights in a bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding filed by or against Borrower or its property.

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          (j) Lien ” means any voluntary or involuntary security interest, pledge, bailment, lease, mortgage, hypothecation, conditional sales and title retention agreement, encumbrance or other lien with respect to any property of the Borrower in favor of any person.
          (k) “ Obligations ” shall mean actual indebtedness, principal, interest, fees, charges, expenses and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs and other amounts, obligations, covenants and duties owing by Borrower to the Lender (or any permitted assignee) of any kind and description (whether pursuant to or evidenced by this Note or the Credit Agreement), whether direct or indirect, absolute or contingent, due or to become due, now existing or hereafter arising, including Lender’s Expenses, in each case as then outstanding hereunder.
          (l) “ Permitted Indebtedness ” means and includes:
               (1) Indebtedness of Borrower to Lender;
               (2) Indebtedness arising from the endorsement of instruments in the ordinary course of business;
               (3) Indebtedness existing on the date hereof and disclosed in the Schedule of Exceptions to the Credit Agreement;
               (4) Indebtedness of Borrower which is subordinated to the Indebtedness of Borrower under this Note; and which is in an aggregate original principal amount not to exceed $250,000 at any time and
               (5) Extensions, refinancings, modifications, amendments and restatements of any items of Permitted Indebtedness above, provided that the principal amount thereof is not increased or the terms thereof are not modified to impose more burdensome terms upon Borrower.
          (m) “Permitted Liens” means:
               (1) Liens for fees, taxes, levies, imposts, duties or other governmental charges of any kind which are not yet delinquent or which are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings which suspend the collection thereof ( provided that Borrower has adequately bonded such Lien or reserves sufficient to discharge such Lien have been provided on the books of Borrower).
               (2) Liens existing as of the date of this Note and identified in the Schedule of Exceptions to the Credit Agreement.
               (3) Carriers’, warehousemen’s, mechanics’, materialmen’s, repairmen’s or other similar Liens arising in the ordinary course of business and which are not delinquent or remain payable without penalty or which are being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings ( provided that Borrower has adequately bonded such Lien or reserves sufficient to discharge such Lien have been provided on the books of Borrower).

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               (4) Liens upon any equipment or other personal property acquired by Borrower after the date hereof to secure (i) the purchase price of such equipment or other personal property, or (ii) lease obligations or indebtedness incurred solely for the purpose of financing the acquisition of such equipment or other personal property; provided that such Liens are confined solely to the equipment or other personal property so acquired and the proceeds thereof and the amount secured does not exceed the acquisition price thereof.
               (5) Bankers’ liens, rights of setoff and similar Liens incurred on deposits made in the ordinary course of business and Liens in favor of financial institutions arising in connection with Borrower’s deposit accounts or securities accounts held at such institutions to secure customary fees and charges;
               (6) Any judgment, attachment or similar Lien not resulting in an Event of Default hereunder; and
               (7) Liens incurred in the extension, renewal or refinancing of the indebtedness secured by Liens described above but any extension, renewal or replacement Lien must be limited to the property encumbered by the existing Lien and the principal amount of the indebtedness may not increase.
          (n) “ Person ” means and includes any individual, any partnership, any corporation, any business trust, any joint stock company, any limited liability company, any unincorporated association or any other entity and any domestic or foreign national, state or local government, any political subdivision thereof, and any department, agency, authority or bureau of any of the foregoing.
     2.  Advances Under the Note and Obligations . From time to time prior to the Maturity Date, subject to the provisions below, the Lender may make Advances to the Borrower, which the Borrower shall pay and may reborrow, so long as the aggregate amount of Advances outstanding at any one time shall not exceed the Available Amount. Notwithstanding the face amount of the Note, Borrower’s liability under the Note shall include the Obligations. Lender may determine to include Obligations other than interest payable at the Interest Rate in calculating the Available Amount. The obligation of the Lender to make Advances shall be subject to the Lender’s receipt of a completed Borrowing Notice and such documents as the Lender may reasonably request and the absence of any continuing Event of Default. Prior to making the first Advance and as a condition to such Advance, Borrower shall provide Lender with a certificate of the duly authorized Secretary of Borrower as to its Bylaws and resolutions adopted by its board of directors authorizing the Credit Agreement, this Note and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, and a certified copy of Borrower’s Articles of Incorporation as well as any and all third-party consents which are required to be procured by Borrower before it can incur the indebtedness evidenced by this Note and otherwise commit itself to its obligations hereunder.
     3.  Payments of Obligations, including Principal and Interest . The principal amount of the Loan evidenced hereby, together with any accrued and unpaid interest, and any and all the Obligations, including unpaid costs, fees and expenses accrued, such as Lender’s Expenses, shall be due and payable on October 19, 2012 (the “ Maturity Date ”).

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     4.  Interest; Ranking . All amounts outstanding from time to time hereunder shall bear interest until such amounts are paid, at the Interest Rate. Following any Event of Default (including before or after any judgment is entered) and after the Maturity Date, the principal balance outstanding hereunder, together with all such other amounts outstanding hereunder, shall bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the Default Rate. This Note shall rank senior in right of payment to all of Borrower’s subordinated indebtedness incurred after the Initial Closing Date and equal in right of payment with all other senior indebtedness of Borrower incurred after the Initial Closing Date.
     5.  Prepayments . Borrower may prepay in cash, at any time or from time to time, all or any portion of the amounts due hereunder, without penalty or premium; provided , however , that any prepayment (whether voluntary or involuntary) shall be applied first to accrued and unpaid interest and second to outstanding principal and other Obligations due hereunder. Prepayments of all or any portion of the Obligations shall not reduce the Available Amount, and funds may be reborrowed hereunder up to the Available Amount, subject to the provision hereof and the Note. If Borrower makes a payment or payments and such payment or payments, or any part thereof, are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside or are required to be repaid to a trustee, receiver, or any other person under any bankruptcy act, state, provincial or federal law, common law or equitable cause, then to the extent of such payment or payments, the obligations or part thereof hereunder intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if said payment or payments had not been made.
     6.  Affirmative Covenants . Borrower covenants that, so long as any amounts are due and payable hereunder to Lender or any commitment to make any Loan still exists, Borrower shall:
          (a) Maintain its corporate existence and its good standing in its jurisdiction of incorporation and maintain qualification in each jurisdiction in which the failure to so qualify could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the financial condition, operations or business of Borrower. Borrower shall maintain in force all licenses, approvals and agreements, the loss of which could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, operations or business.
          (b) Comply with all statutes, laws, ordinances and government rules and regulations to which it is subject, noncompliance with which could reasonably be expected to materially adversely affect the financial condition, operations or business of Borrower.
          (c) As soon as possible, and in any event within five (5) days after the discovery of a default or an Event of Default, provide Lender with an Officer’s Certificate setting forth the facts relating to or giving rise to such default or Event of Default and the action which Borrower proposes to take with respect thereto.
     7.  Negative Covenants . Except as identified in the Schedule of Exceptions to the Credit Agreement, Borrower covenants that, so long as any amounts are due and payable hereunder to Lender or any commitment to make any Loan still exists, without the prior approval of Lender, Borrower shall not:

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          (a) Change its name, jurisdiction of incorporation, or principal place of business without thirty (30) days prior written notice to Lender.
          (b) Create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien of any kind upon any of Borrower’s property, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, except Permitted Liens.
          (c) (i) Prepay, redeem, purchase, defease or otherwise satisfy in any manner prior to the scheduled repayment thereof any Indebtedness for borrowed money (other than amounts due or permitted to be prepaid under this Agreement) or lease obligations, or (ii) amend, modify or otherwise change the terms of any Indebtedness for borrowed money or lease obligations so as to accelerate the scheduled repayment thereof.
          (d) Create, incur, assume or permit to exist any Indebtedness except Permitted Indebtedness.
     8.  Lender’s Rights and Remedies.
Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, while such Event of Default is continuing (provided that an Event of Default shall be continuing at all times after any cure period therefor expires), Lender shall not have any further obligation to advance money or extend credit to or for the benefit of Borrower. In addition, upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, the entire unpaid principal sum hereunder, plus any and all interest accrued thereon, plus all other sums due and payable to Lender hereunder shall, at the option of Lender, become due and payable immediately without presentment, demand, notice of nonpayment, protest, notice of protest, or other notice of dishonor, all of which are hereby expressly waived by Borrower.
     9.  Remedies Cumulative, Etc.
          (a) No right or remedy conferred upon or reserved to Lender hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and each and every such right or remedy shall be cumulative and concurrent, and in addition to every other such right or remedy, and may be pursued singly, concurrently, successively or otherwise, at the sole discretion of Lender, and shall not be exhausted by any one exercise thereof but may be exercised as often as occasion therefor shall occur.
          (b) Borrower hereby waives presentment, demand, notice of nonpayment, protest, notice of protest, notice of dishonor and any and all other notices in connection with any default in the payment of, or any enforcement of the payment of, all amounts due under this Note. To the extent permitted by law, Borrower waives the right to any stay of execution and the benefit of all exemption laws now or hereafter in effect.
          (c) Costs and Expenses . Following the occurrence of any Event of Default, Borrower shall pay upon demand all costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses) incurred by Lender in the exercise of any of its rights, remedies or powers under this Note and any amount thereof not paid promptly following demand therefor shall be added to the principal sum hereunder and shall bear interest at the Default Rate from the date of such demand until paid in full.

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     10.  Indemnification and Waiver . Whether or not the transactions contemplated hereby shall be consummated:
          (a) General Indemnity . Borrower agrees upon demand to pay or reimburse Lender for all liabilities, obligations and out-of-pocket expenses, including Lender’s expenses and reasonable fees and expenses of counsel for Lender from time to time arising in connection with the enforcement or collection of sums due under this Note or the Credit Agreement, and in connection with any amendment or modification of such documents or any “work-out” in connection with such documents. Borrower shall indemnify, reimburse and hold Lender, and each of its respective successors, assigns, agents, attorneys, officers, directors, shareholders, servants, agents and employees (each an “ Indemnified Person ”) harmless from and against all liabilities, losses, damages, actions, suits, demands, claims of any kind and nature (including claims relating to environmental discharge, cleanup or compliance), all costs and expenses whatsoever to the extent they may be incurred or suffered by such Indemnified Person in connection therewith (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses), fines or penalties (and other charges of any applicable governmental authority) (each, a “ Claim ”), directly or indirectly relating to or arising out of the use of the proceeds of the Loans or otherwise, the falsity of any representation or warranty of Borrower or Borrower’s failure to comply with the terms of this Note or the Credit Agreement. Such indemnities shall continue in full force and effect, notwithstanding the expiration or termination of this Note. Upon Lender’s written demand, Borrower shall assume and diligently conduct, at its sole cost and expense, the entire defense of Lender, each of its partners, and each of their respective, agents, employees, directors, officers, shareholders, successors and assigns against any indemnified Claim described in this Section. Borrower shall not settle or compromise any Claim against or involving Lender without first obtaining Lender’s written consent thereto, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.
     11.  Notices . All notices required to be given to any of the parties hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been sufficiently given for all purposes when presented personally to such party or sent by hand delivery, facsimile, courier service guaranteeing next business day delivery, or overnight U.S. express mail, return receipt requested, to such party at its address set forth in the Credit Agreement with copies to the parties designated to receive copies in the Credit Agreement. Such notice shall be deemed to be given when received. Any notice of any change in such address shall also be given in the manner set forth above. Whenever the giving of notice is required, the giving of such notice may be waived in writing by the party entitled to receive such notice.
     12.  Severability . In the event that any provision of this Note is held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect or to any extent, such provision shall nevertheless remain valid, legal and enforceable in all such other respects and to such extent as may be permissible. Any such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provisions of this Note, but this Note shall be construed as if such invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision had never been contained herein.
     13. Successors and Assigns . This Note inures to the benefit of Lender and binds Borrower, and their respective successors and assigns, and the words “Borrower” and “Lender” whenever occurring herein shall be deemed and construed to include such respective successors and assigns; provided , however , that neither this Note nor any rights hereunder may be assigned

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by Borrower without Lender’s prior written consent, which consent may be granted or withheld in Lender’s sole discretion and further provided that for so long as that certain non-negotiable promissory note dated as of the date hereof made by Borrower in favor of Bruce A. Zwigard is outstanding, Lender shall not sell, assign, transfer or issue a participation interest in more than an aggregate amount of 20% of the funding commitment hereunder, together with an equal percentage of the then outstanding principal amount hereunder, to any person or entity other than a Frost Affiliate.
     14.  Governing Law . This Note shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Florida. Borrower agrees that any action or proceeding against it to enforce the Note may be commenced in state or federal court in any county in the State of Florida, and Borrower waives personal service of process and agrees that a summons and complaint commencing an action or proceeding in any such court shall be properly served and shall confer personal jurisdiction if served by registered or certified mail in accordance with the notice provisions set forth herein.
     15. Entire Agreement; Construction; Amendments and Waivers.
          (a) Entire Agreement . This Note and each of the related loan documents dated as of the date hereof, taken together, constitute and contain the entire agreement between Borrower and Lender with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede any and all prior agreements, negotiations, correspondence, understandings and communications between the parties, whether written or oral, with respect to such subject matter. Borrower acknowledges that it is not relying on any representation or agreement made by Lender or any employee, attorney or agent thereof, other than the specific agreements set forth in this Note and the related loan documents.
          (b) Construction . This Note is the result of negotiations between and has been reviewed by each of Borrower and Lender as of the date hereof and their respective counsel; accordingly, this Note shall be deemed to be the product of the parties hereto, and no ambiguity shall be construed in favor of or against Borrower or Lender. Borrower and Lender agree that they intend the literal words of this Note and the related loan documents and that no parol evidence shall be necessary or appropriate to establish Borrower’s or Lender’s actual intentions.
          (c) Amendments and Waivers . Any and all amendments, modifications, discharges or waivers of, or consents to any departures from any provision of this Note or of any of the related loan documents shall not be effective without the written consent of Lender and Borrower. Any waiver or consent with respect to any provision of such loan documents shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the specific purpose for which it was given. No notice to or demand on Borrower in any case shall entitle Borrower to any other or further notice or demand in similar or other circumstances. Any amendment, modification, waiver or consent affected in accordance with this Section shall be binding upon Lender and on Borrower.
     16.  Reliance by Lender . All covenants, agreements, representations and warranties made herein by Borrower shall be deemed to be material to and to have been relied upon by Lender, notwithstanding any investigation by Lender.

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     17.  No Set-Offs by Borrower . All sums payable by Borrower pursuant to this Note or any of the related loan documents shall be payable without notice or demand and shall be payable in United States Dollars without set-off or reduction of any manner whatsoever.
     18.  Survival . All covenants, representations and warranties made in this Agreement shall continue in full force and effect so long as any obligations hereunder or commitment to fund remain outstanding. The obligations of Borrower to indemnify Lender with respect to the expenses, damages, losses, costs and liabilities described in Section 10 shall survive until all applicable statute of limitations periods with respect to actions that may be brought against Lender have run.
     19.  WAIVER OF TRIAL BY JURY . EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO TRIAL BY JURY.
[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]

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      IN WITNESS WHEREOF , Borrower has duly executed this Note as of the day and year first above written.
         
  LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
 
 
  By:      
    Name:   Richard J. Lampen    
    Title:   President and CEO   
 

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EXHIBIT C
NOTICE OF BORROWING
Frost Gamma Investments Trust
  4400 Biscayne Blvd.
  15 th Floor
  Miami, FL 33137
RE: Notice of Borrowing
Date ___
Gentlemen:
     Pursuant to the terms of a Credit Agreement dated as of October 19, 2007 (“Credit Agreement”), we hereby request you to make an advance in the amount of $___.
     This notice constitutes a reaffirmation by the undersigned that the representations and warranties in the Credit Agreement are true, correct and accurate in all material respects as if the date hereof was the Initial Closing Date and a certification by the undersigned that it is in compliance with the Credit Agreement and the Note in all material respects as of the date of this Notice of Borrowing as if the date hereof was the Initial Closing Date.
     Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Credit Agreement.
         
  Very truly yours,

Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc.
 
 
  By:      
    Name:      
    Title:      
 

 

 

EXHIBIT 4.2
NON-NEGOTIABLE
PROMISSORY NOTE
$15,000,000
Miami, Florida
October 19, 2007
     FOR VALUE RECEIVED, Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc., and its successors and assigns (hereinafter called the “Maker”), unconditionally promise(s) to pay to BRUCE A. ZWIGARD, and his successors and assigns (hereinafter the “Holder”), the principal sum of FIFTEEN MILLION AND NO/100 DOLLARS ($15,000,000), together with interest on the principal balance hereof from time to time outstanding, when and as set forth below:
     1. Until the Maturity Date (as defined below)(unless the maturity is accelerated prior thereto), the principal amount outstanding under this Note shall bear interest at the rate per annum equal to four and eleven hundredths percent (4.11%), compounded monthly (the “Contract Rate”).
     2. Interest shall be charged on the principal balance hereof from time to time outstanding and shall be calculated on the basis of the actual number of days elapsed over a 365 day year.
     3. Except as provided in Section 6.5(b)(ii) of the Purchase Agreement (as defined in the Pledge Agreement referred to below), principal and interest shall be payable in lawful money of the United States, by wire transfer, to the account of the Holder which Holder shall designate in writing to the Maker from time to time. Until the Maturity Date, or earlier if the maturity is accelerated prior thereto, principal and interest shall be due and payable in thirty six (36) equal monthly installments with each such installment in the combined amount of $443,594.15 . If not accelerated prior thereto in accordance with the terms hereof, thirty five (35) monthly installments of principal and accrued interest shall be due and payable on the nineteenth (19 th ) day (or the next succeeding business day, if such day is not a business day) of each month commencing on November 19, 2007, and the thirty sixth (36 th ) installment, together with all then accrued and unpaid interest hereon, shall be due and payable on the Maturity Date.
     4. If not accelerated or prepaid prior thereto in accordance with the terms hereof, the full principal balance of this Note shall be due and payable on October 18, 2010 (the “Maturity Date”).
     5. The Maker waives presentment, demand, protest and notice of protest and all requirements necessary to hold it liable as Maker. Any failure of the Holder to exercise any right hereunder shall not be construed as a waiver of the right to exercise the same or any other right at any time and from time to time thereafter. No waiver shall be binding on the Holder, unless in a writing signed by an authorized officer thereof, and then only to the extent specifically set forth therein.
     6. This Note may be prepaid in full or in part at any time without premium or penalty; provided , however , that any and all prepayments (including any amounts prepaid

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pursuant to Section 6.5(b)(ii) of the Purchase Agreement) shall be applied first to any costs and expenses then due to the Holder, then to accrued and unpaid interest, and then to outstanding principal payments due, in the order of maturity.
     7. The Maker hereby agrees to pay to the Holder, upon demand, all costs and expenses of every kind and description reasonably incurred by the Holder in connection with the enforcement (whether in connection with any appeal by the Holder of any lower court proceeding or otherwise) of the rights of the Holder hereunder or in any wise related hereto, whether or not legal or equitable proceedings are actually commenced, including, without limitation, the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the Holder.
     8. Notwithstanding any provisions to the contrary herein contained, and subject to the limitations relating to the maximum interest allowed to be charged under applicable law set forth herein, during the period that an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, at the option of the Holder, the Obligations (as defined hereinbelow) shall accrue interest at a rate per annum equal to the “Default Rate” which shall mean a rate of interest per annum equal to four percent (4%) above the Contract Rate, or if less, any interest rate which may be lawfully charged under applicable law, computed from the date of the occurrence of an Event of Default and continuing until (i) in the event the Holder, in its sole discretion, elects to waive or postpone its right to accelerate the Obligations, such Event of Default is cured to the sole and absolute satisfaction of the Holder, or (ii) in the event the Holder, in its sole discretion, elects to accelerate the Obligations, or any of them, such Obligations are fully paid and performed.
     9. As used in this Note, the term “Obligations” shall mean (i) the principal balance of and accrued interest on this Note; and (ii) all other obligations and liabilities (primary, secondary, direct, indirect, contingent, sole, joint or several, whether similar or dissimilar or related or unrelated) of the Maker to the Holder, due or to become due, now existing or hereafter incurred, contracted or acquired, whether arising under this Note or under the Pledge Agreement referred to herein below and/or any other Loan Documents (as such term is defined below).
     10. Any of the following shall constitute an event of default (each an “Event of Default”):
          (a) Any failure to make payment of principal or interest under this Note when due for more than two (2) business days after the giving of written notice to the Maker; provided, however, that such notice and cure period shall not apply (and no notice or cure period shall be required) after such written notice has been given on three (3) prior occasions (whether or not such occasions were concurrent);
          (b) A material default shall occur by the Maker in the due observance or performance of any covenant, condition or agreement contained in this Note (other than under Section 10(a) above) or in the Pledge Agreement (or any amendment, modification or renewal thereof) (giving effect to applicable notice and grace periods, if any) (this Note and the Pledge Agreement, and any other documents or instruments executed and delivered in connection therewith, as so amended, modified or renewed, collectively the “Loan Documents”);

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          (c) Any representation or warranty contained in this Note, Section 5 of the Pledge Agreement, or in the certification delivered from time to time pursuant to Section 6(h) of the Pledge Agreement is materially false or misleading in any material respect as of the time when made;
          (d) The Maker shall: (i) make an assignment for the benefit of creditors, file a petition in bankruptcy, petition or apply to any tribunal for the appointment of a custodian, receiver or any trustee, or a substantial part of any of its properties or assets, or shall commence any proceeding under any bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, readjustment of debt, dissolution or liquidation law or statute of any jurisdiction, whether now or hereafter in effect; or if there shall have been filed any such petition or application, or any such proceeding shall have been commenced against the Maker in which an order for relief is entered or which remains undismissed for a period of ninety (90) days or more; or the Maker by any act or omission shall indicate its consent to, approval of or fail to timely object to any such petition, application or proceeding or order for relief or the appointment of a custodian, receiver, or any trustee for the Maker or any substantial part of any of its properties or assets, or shall suffer any such custodianship, receivership or trusteeship to continue undischarged for a period of ninety (90) days or more; (ii) generally not pay its debts as such debts become due or admit in writing its inability to pay its debts as they mature; or (iii) have concealed, removed or permitted to be concealed or removed any part of its properties or assets, with the intent to hinder, delay or defraud its creditors or any of them, or made or suffered a transfer of any of its property which may be fraudulent under any bankruptcy, fraudulent conveyance or similar law; or shall have made any transfer of its property to or for the benefit of a creditor at a time when other creditors similarly situated have not been paid; or shall have suffered or permitted while solvent, any creditor to obtain a lien upon any of the property of the Maker through legal proceedings or distraint which is not vacated within thirty (30) days from the date thereof; or (iv) be “insolvent”, as such term is defined in the Bankruptcy Code, § 11 U.S.C. § 101(31).
          (e) The making, directly or indirectly, of any payment by or on behalf of Maker and/or any subsidiary or other Affiliate of the Maker (including any of the “Pledged Entities” (as defined in the Pledge Agreement)) and/or any of their respective Affiliates (other than, if no Event of Default shall have occurred, payments of interest but not principal) with respect to repayment of any indebtedness directly or indirectly owed to any Frost Affiliate and/or other person or entity permitted to be a holder of, or otherwise hold an interest in, the Frost Indebtedness pursuant to Section 6(f) of the Pledge Agreement, that is being, or has been, incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Pledge Agreement (the “Frost Indebtedness”), in excess of payments made by Maker in repayment of the then current principal amount of this Note while the then current principal amount of the Frost Indebtedness is equal to or less than (with the understanding that it is not intended that the Frost Indebtedness be less than) the then current principal amount of this Note, but such payments on account of the Frost Indebtedness may only be made so long as (x) no such payment would cause the occurrence of a breach of this Section 10(e) and /or an Event of Default and/or (y) no Event of Default has occurred and then is continuing (regardless of whether the Holder has then accelerated the maturity of the Obligations). As used in this Note, the following terms have the following meanings: (A) “Affiliate” means, with respect to any person or entity, any other person or entity controlling, controlled by or under common control with such first person or entity; (B) “control” (including, with its correlative meanings, “controlled by” and “under common control with”)

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shall mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of a subject person or entity (whether through ownership of securities or partnership or other ownership interests, by contract or otherwise); (C) “Frost” means Dr. Phillip Frost, an individual; and (D) “Frost Affiliate” means, each of, and “Frost Affiliates” means, collectively, any two or more of, the following Persons: (i) Frost, (ii) Frost’s spouse, siblings, lineal descendants and lineal ancestors, (iii) any trusts established for the benefit of any of the Persons identified in the preceding items (i) and/or (ii) (the Persons identified in the preceding items (i)-(iii), collectively, the “Frost Family Group”), and (iv) any Affiliates of any of the members of the Frost Family Group.
     Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default which shall be continuing, the Holder may, at any time, without written notice, take any or all of the following actions, at the same or different times (the right to take such actions shall be cumulative): (i) declare the Obligations, or any of them, to be forthwith due and payable without presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind, all of which are hereby expressly waived, (ii) take any and all actions and pursue any and all remedies when and as may be permitted by this Note, the Pledge Agreement or any other Loan Document, or by applicable law (including, without limitation, all rights of banker’s lien, counterclaim or set-off), and (iii) apply amounts received by the Holder in reduction of the Obligations in such order the Holder may elect in his sole and absolute discretion.
     11. The total sums for interest and in the nature of interest, reserved, charged or taken hereunder or under any of the Loan Documents shall not exceed the maximum amount allowed by law, and any excess portion of such sums that may have been reserved, charged or taken shall be refunded to the Maker. Such refund may be made by application of the excess portion against the Obligations.
     12. The Maker agrees to pay to Holder, on demand, all taxes, duties, and other charges (other than income taxes) incurred in respect of this Note, including, without limitation, all documentary stamp and intangible taxes as from time to time payable or assessed.
     13. EACH OF THE MAKER AND THE HOLDER HEREBY KNOWINGLY, VOLUNTARILY, AND INTENTIONALLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT OR HE MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT OF ANY LITIGATION (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY CLAIMS, CROSS-CLAIMS, OR THIRD PARTY CLAIMS) ARISING OUT OF, UNDER, OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS NOTE, OR THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS, OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREIN OR THEREIN. EACH OF THE MAKER AND THE HOLDER HEREBY CERTIFIES TO THE OTHER PARTY THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE OR AGENT OF HIS OR IT NOR HIS OR ITS COUNSEL HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT THE HOLDER OR THE MAKER, AS APPLICABLE, WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF SUCH LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THIS WAIVER OF RIGHT TO JURY TRIAL PROVISION. EACH OF THE MAKER AND THE HOLDER ACKNOWLEDGES THAT THE OTHER PARTY HERETO HAS BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS TRANSACTION, INCLUDING THIS NOTE, BY, INTER ALIA, THE PROVISIONS OF THIS PARAGRAPH.

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     The Maker hereby specifically authorizes any action brought upon the enforcement of this Note and/or the other Loan Documents by the Holder to be instituted and prosecuted in either the Circuit Court of Miami-Dade County, Florida or the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida, at the election of the Holder.
     The Maker hereby consents and submits to the personal jurisdiction of the State and Federal courts of Florida in any action instituted by the Holder arising under or related to this Note and/or the other Loan Documents.
     14. This is the “Note” referred to in (i) the Purchase Agreement and (ii) that certain Pledge Agreement dated the date of this Note, by and among the Maker and the Holder (the “Pledge Agreement”). This Note constitutes a portion of the Obligations and is secured, inter alia , by the Pledged Collateral referred to in the Pledge Agreement, reference to which is hereby made for a description of the Pledged Collateral and the rights of the Holder, or any other holder of this Note, in respect of such Pledged Collateral.
     15. This Note is to be construed and enforced according to the internal laws of the State of Florida, without giving effect to principles of conflict of laws.
     16. Each provision of this Note is intended to be severable and the invalidity or illegality of any portion of this Note shall not affect the validity or legality of the remainder hereof.
     17. This Note is not assignable or otherwise transferable by the Maker nor are its obligations hereunder assumable without the prior consent of the Holder, unless the Maker agrees to remain liable for all the Obligations.
     18. This Note is subject to the provisions of 6.5(b)(ii) of the Purchase Agreement.
(signature page follows)

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  MAKER:

Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc.


 
 
  By:   /s/ Richard J. Lampen    
    Name:   Richard J. Lampen   
    Title:   President and CEO   
 

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EXHIBIT 4.3
PLEDGE AGREEMENT
     This PLEDGE AGREEMENT, dated as of October 19, 2007 (the “ Agreement ”), is by and between Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc., a Florida corporation (the “ Pledgor ”), and Bruce A. Zwigard (the “ Lender ”).
WITNESSETH:
     WHEREAS, pursuant to that certain Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of October 19, 2007, by and among the Lender, the Pledgor, and others (the “ Purchase Agreement ”) the Lender is making a loan (the “ Loan ”) to Pledgor to finance the purchase by the Pledgor of the Pledged Collateral (as such term is defined below), evidenced by that certain Non-Negotiable Promissory Note in the original principal amount of $15,000,000, dated as of the date hereof, made by Pledgor in favor of the Lender (the “ Note ”); and
     WHEREAS, Pledgor is, or in the case of Investacorp Advisory Services, Inc. will be concurrently upon the release from the escrow arrangement provided for in Section 1.7 of the Purchase Agreement, the record and beneficial owner of one hundred percent (100%) of the capital stock in each of the Pledged Entities (as defined below);
     WHEREAS, in order to induce the Lender to make the Loan, Pledgor has agreed to pledge the Pledged Collateral to Lender in accordance herewith;
     NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the covenants hereinafter contained, it is agreed as follows:
  1.   Definitions . Unless otherwise defined herein, terms defined in the Note are used herein as therein defined, and the following shall have (unless otherwise provided elsewhere in this Agreement) the following respective meanings (such meanings being equally applicable to both the singular and plural form of the terms defined):
     “ Bankruptcy Code ” means title 11, United States Code, as amended from time to time, and any successor statute thereto.
     “ Frost Indebtedness ” has the meaning set forth in the Note.
     “ Insolvency Event ” has the meaning set forth in Section 7 hereof.
     “ Lien ” has the meaning assigned to such terms in Section 5(g) hereof.
     “ Pledged Collateral ” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2 hereof.
     “ Pledged Entity ” and “ Pledged Entities ” mean respectively, an issuer of Pledged Shares and collectively, the issuers of Pledged Shares.
     “ Pledged Shares ” means those shares of capital stock of the Pledged Entities described in Schedule I hereto.

 


 

     “ Secured Obligations ” has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3 hereof.
  2.   Pledge . Pledgor hereby pledges to Lender, and grants to Lender, a continuing first priority security interest in and to the following (collectively, the “ Pledged Collateral ”):
     (a) Subject to the other provisions hereof, all of the Pledged Shares and the certificates representing the Pledged Shares, and all dividends, distributions, cash, instruments and other property or proceeds from time to time received, receivable or otherwise distributed in respect of or in exchange for any or all of the Pledged Shares; and
     (b) Subject to the other provisions hereof, any shares of stock of a Pledged Entity from time to time hereafter issued to Pledgor in any manner (which shares shall be deemed to be part of the Pledged Shares), and the certificates representing such shares and all dividends, distributions, cash, instruments and other property or proceeds from time to time received, receivable or otherwise distributed in respect of or in exchange for any or all of such stock.
  3.   Security for Obligations . This Agreement secures, and the Pledged Collateral is collateral security for, the prompt payment in full when due, whether at stated maturity, by acceleration or otherwise, and performance of all Obligations of any kind, under the Note and all other Loan Documents, and all obligations of Pledgor now or hereafter existing under this Agreement including, without limitation, all fees, costs and expenses incurred by the Lender, whether in connection with collection actions hereunder or otherwise in the administration and enforcement of the Obligations (collectively, the “ Secured Obligations ”).
  4.   Delivery of Pledged Collateral . All certificates evidencing the Pledged Collateral are being concurrently delivered to and held by or on behalf of the Lender pursuant hereto, except for the certificates evidencing the record and beneficial ownership of one hundred percent (100%) of the Pledged Shares of Investacorp Advisory Services, Inc. which will be delivered to the Lender concurrently upon their release from the escrow arrangement provided for in Section 1.7 of the Purchase Agreement. All Pledged Shares shall be accompanied by duly executed instruments of transfer or assignment in blank, all in form and substance satisfactory to the Lender.
  5.   Representations and Warranties . Pledgor represents and warrants to the Lender that:
  (a)   The Pledgor is, and at the time of delivery of the Pledged Shares to the Lender will be, or, in the case of Pledged Shares of Investacorp Advisory Services, Inc., when released from the escrow arrangement provided for in

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      Section 1.7 of the Purchase Agreement will be, the sole holder of record and the sole beneficial owner of the Pledged Collateral, and Pledgor has not placed, nor has there arisen by or through Pledgor upon the sale of the Pledged Shares pursuant to the Purchase Agreement or at any time thereafter, whether by creation of law or otherwise, any Liens or encumbrance in or to the Pledged Shares or affecting the right, title and interest of the Pledgor therein, except for the Liens created by this Agreement.
 
  (b)   Pledgor has the right and requisite authority to pledge, assign, transfer, deliver, deposit and set over the Pledged Collateral pledged by Pledgor to the Lender as provided herein.
 
  (c)   The Pledged Shares owned or to be owned by Pledgor constitute one hundred percent (100%) of the issued and outstanding stock of the Pledged Entities, and are presently represented by the certificates listed on Schedule I hereto.
 
  (d)   Pledgor has not issued or granted and will not issue or grant any options, warrants, calls or commitments or any nature whatsoever relating to the Pledged Shares.
 
  (e)   No consent, approval, authorization or other order or other action by, and no notice to or filing with, any Governmental Authority or any other Person or entity is required for the pledge by Pledgor of the Pledged Collateral pursuant to this Agreement or for the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement by Pledgor, except as may be required in connection with such disposition by laws affecting the offering and sale of securities generally.
 
  (f)   The pledge, assignment and delivery of the Pledged Collateral pursuant to this Agreement will create a valid perfected first priority security interest in favor of the Lender in the Pledged Collateral and the proceeds thereof, securing the payment of the Secured Obligations, subject to no other security interest, lien, charge or encumbrance by or through Pledgor (collectively, “ Liens ”).
 
  (g)   This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by Pledgor and constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of Pledgor, enforceable against Pledgor in accordance with its terms.
 
  (h)   Attached hereto is a true and correct copy of each of the documents evidencing or relating to the Frost Indebtedness as of the date hereof.
     The representations and warranties set forth in this Section 5 shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement and payment in full of the Secured Obligations.

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  6.   Covenants . The Pledgor covenants and agrees that until the all Secured Obligations are paid and satisfied in full:
  (a)   Without the prior written consent of the Lender in his sole and absolute discretion:
  (i)   Pledgor will not sell, assign, transfer, pledge, or otherwise encumber or cause or permit a Lien to exist at any time upon the Pledged Collateral or any of its right, title or interest in or to the Pledged Collateral, or any unpaid dividends, interest or other distributions or payments with respect to the Pledged Collateral; and
 
  (ii)   Pledgor shall not grant a Lien in and to the Pledged Collateral, any other property, rights or interests of the Pledgor, or any property, rights or interests of any Pledged Entity (the “ Pledged Entity Property ”) in each case to secure the Frost Indebtedness, and in the case of the Pledged Entity Property, to secure any other direct or indirect obligation of the Pledgor and/or any Pledged Entity, or any affiliate thereof whensoever incurred, arising or acquired, in all cases under this clause (ii) of Section 6(a) whether such Lien is perfected or unperfected, arises by operation of law or otherwise; and
 
  (iii)   Pledgor shall not amend, modify or otherwise change, or take any action directly or indirectly to change, in any way, the Articles of Incorporation or by-laws of any Pledged Entity, as such documents are in effect immediately prior to the date of this Agreement that could adversely affect any of Lender’s rights or remedies under the Note or this Agreement, or the effectuation of same.
  (b)   The Pledgor will, at its expense, promptly execute, acknowledge and deliver all such instruments and take all such actions as the Lender from time to time may reasonably request in order to ensure to the Lender the benefits of the liens and security interest in and to the Pledged Collateral intended to be created and perfected by this Agreement, including the filing of any Uniform Commercial Code financing statements, which may be filed by Lender, from time to time, without further notice to or consent by Pledgor and without the signature of Pledgor, and will at the Lender’s reasonable request cooperate with the Lender, at Pledgor’s expense, in obtaining all necessary approvals and making all necessary and advisable filings under federal, state, local or foreign law in connection with such liens and security interests, the exercise of any rights or remedies hereunder or any sale or transfer of the Pledged Collateral;
 
  (c)   The Pledgor has, and will, at all times, defend the title to the Pledged Collateral and the Lien solely of the Lender in and to the Pledged Collateral, against the claim of any person or entity, and will maintain and preserve the first and only priority of such Liens;

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  (d)   The business, assets and/or operations of each of the Pledged Entities shall:
  (i)   at all times be sufficiently capitalized in order to fully meet any and all legal and regulatory requirements applicable to such Debtor (including the Securities and Exchange Commission’s net capital rule, as applicable);
 
  (ii)   at all times be owned, held and operated by the Pledged Entities as a stand-alone operation and wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Pledgor, operated in all respects as separate entities; and
 
  (iii)   at all times be hereafter operated so that the registered representatives of the Pledged Entities existing as of the date hereof (“ Existing RRs ”) shall not have any required sales quotas for proprietary products and Pledgor and its subsidiaries shall not intentionally use the client lists of the Existing RRs to directly market any individual proprietary products to such clients without the prior consent of the Existing RRs, except for general mailings not specifically targeted to clients of the Existing RRs or as may be required to fulfill regulatory supervisory obligations.
  (e)   Without the prior written consent of the Lender in his sole and absolute discretion, none of the Pledge Entities will sell, assign or transfer any of their respective clients, registered representatives or such client’s or registered representative’s business to Pledgor, any of its affiliates, or any other person or entity.
 
  (f)   Pledgor shall not permit any sale, assignment, or other transfer of the Frost Indebtedness to other than Frost Affiliates and shall not allow any additional documents or any amendments thereto or to existing documents evidencing or relating to the Frost Indebtedness which would give effect to transfers, if any, to any persons or entities who are not Frost Affiliates (as defined in the Note); provided however, up to an aggregate amount not to exceed twenty percent (20%) of the commitment by the applicable Frost Affiliate(s) to make advances of the Frost Indebtedness to Pledgor, together with an equal percentage of the then outstanding principal of the Frost Indebtedness, may be sold or otherwise assigned or transferred, including by the issuance of a participation interest therein, to persons or entities which are not Frost Affiliates.
 
  (g)   Pledgor shall not change its name, identity, company structure or jurisdiction of formation in any manner unless it shall have given Lender at least thirty (30) days’ prior written notice thereof and shall have taken all action (or made arrangements to take such action substantially simultaneously with such change if it is impossible to take such action in advance) necessary or reasonably requested by Lender to continue Lender’s perfection and priority of its liens and security interests in, to and upon the Pledged Collateral.

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  (h)   Unless separately and specifically described in Pledgor’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q and annual report on Form 10-K, after issuance of any such Form 10-Q or 10-K for any period beginning with the quarter ending December 31, 2007, Pledgor shall upon ten (10) business days’ prior request by the Lender, deliver to Lender a certification setting forth the principal balance of the Frost Indebtedness and certifying that it has not made any payment on account of the Frost Indebtedness during the applicable quarterly period that caused or would cause an Event of Default to have occurred under Section 10(e) of the Note.
  7.   Pledgor’s Rights . As long as no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or the Lender shall not have accelerated the maturity of the Secured Obligations and until written notice shall be given to Pledgor as provided at the beginning of Section 8 hereof (other than an Event of Default under Section 8(e) of the Note (such Event of Default is referred to herein as an “ Insolvency Event ”), in which case the rights under this Section 7 shall be ineffective, without notice, upon the occurrence thereof):
  (a)   Pledgor shall have the right, from time to time, to vote and give consents with respect to the Pledged Collateral, or any part thereof for all purposes not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement or any other Loan Document; provided , however , that no vote shall be cast, and no consent shall be given or action taken, which would have the effect of impairing the position or interest of the Lender in respect of the Pledged Collateral, or which would authorize, effect or consent to:
  (i)   the dissolution or liquidation, in whole or in part, of a Pledged Entity;
 
  (ii)   the consolidation or merger of a Pledged Entity with any other person or entity;
 
  (iii)   the sale, disposition or encumbrance of all or substantially all of the assets of a Pledged Entity, except for sales or dispositions of assets in the ordinary course of the businesses of the Pledged Entities;
 
  (iv)   any change in the authorized number of shares, the stated capital or the authorized share capital of a Pledged Entity or the issuance of any additional shares of its capital stock or option or other right thereto; or
 
  (v)   the alteration of the voting rights with respect to the capital stock of a Pledged Entity; and

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  (b)   (i) The Pledgor shall be entitled, from time to time, to collect and receive for its own use all cash dividends and other amounts paid in cash in respect of the Pledged Shares, other than any and all:
  (1)   dividends and other amounts paid or payable other than in cash in respect of any Pledged Collateral, and instruments and other property received, receivable or otherwise distributed in respect of, or in exchange for, any Pledged Collateral;
 
  (2)   dividends and other distributions paid or payable in cash in respect of any Pledged Shares (x) in connection with a partial or total liquidation or dissolution, or (y) in connection with a reduction of capital, capital surplus (including retained earnings) or paid-in capital of a Pledged Entity if, after giving effect to such dividend or other distribution, the capital, capital surplus (including retained earnings), or paid-in capital of the Pledged Entities taken as a whole is, or would be, less than $5,000,000, or if less, the then outstanding principal balance of the Note, without for purposes of such determination, giving effect to non-cash compensation expense and non-cash purchase accounting adjustments under generally accepted accounting principles accrued on and after the date hereof; and
 
  (3)   cash paid, payable or otherwise distributed, in respect of principal of, in redemption of, or in exchange for, any Pledged Collateral; provided , however , that until such permitted payments under this Section 7(b) are actually paid to the Pledgor, all rights to such distributions shall remain subject to the Lien created by this Agreement; and
  (ii)   All dividends (other than such cash dividends permitted to be paid to Pledgor in accordance with clause (i) above) and all other distributions in respect of any of the Pledged Shares, whenever paid or made, shall be delivered to the Lender to hold as Pledged Collateral and shall, if received by Pledgor, be received in trust for the benefit of the Lender, be segregated from the other property or funds of Pledgor, and be forthwith delivered to the Lender as Pledged Collateral in the same form as so received (with any necessary endorsement).

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  8.   Defaults and Remedies; Proxy . Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default and during the continuation of an Event of Default or after acceleration by the Lender of the maturity of the Obligations, and concurrently with written notice to Pledgor (or automatically upon the occurrence of an Insolvency Event):
  (a)   the Lender (personally or through an agent) is hereby authorized and empowered to transfer and register in his name or in the name of his nominee the whole or any part of the Pledged Collateral, to exchange certificates representing or evidencing Pledged Collateral for certificates of smaller or larger denominations, to exercise the voting and all other rights as a holder of the Pledged Collateral with respect thereto, to collect and receive all cash dividends and/or other distributions made thereon, to sell in one or more sales after ten (10) days’ notice of the time and place of any public sale or of the time at which a private sale is to take place (which notice Pledgor agrees is commercially reasonable), the whole or any part of the Pledged Collateral and to otherwise act with respect to the Pledged Collateral as though the Lender was the outright owner thereof. Any sale shall be made at a public or private sale at the Lender’s place of business, or at any place to be named in the notice of sale, either for cash or upon credit or for future delivery at such price as the Lender may deem fair and commercially reasonable, and the Lender may be the purchaser of the whole or any part of the Pledged Collateral so sold and hold the same thereafter in its own right free from any claim of Pledgor or any right of redemption. Each sale shall be made to the highest bidder, but the Lender reserves the right to reject any and all bids at such sale which, in its discretion, it shall deem inadequate. Demands of performance, except as otherwise herein specifically provided for, notices of sale, advertisements and the presence of property at sale are hereby waived and any sale hereunder may be conducted by an auctioneer or any officer or agent of the Lender, and, in addition, and without limiting the generality of the foregoing during the continuation of an Event of Default or after acceleration by the Lender of the maturity of the Secured Obligations, the Pledgor shall, and shall cause each and all of its subsidiaries and other affiliates, including, without limitation, each and all of the Pledged Entities, to, at Lender’s direction, in order to directly or indirectly realize upon or protect the Pledged Collateral and/or the assets or property of the Pledge Entities or otherwise in connection with directly or indirectly recovering or seeking to recovery all or any portion of the Secured Obligations, at any time and from time to time:
  (i)   waive, and release any and all agents, officers, employees, contractors, consultants, businesses and/or registered representatives of the Pledged Entities that are designated by Lender from, any and all contractual and other restrictions and/or obligations that would prevent, restrict or otherwise limit such agents, officers, employees, contractors, consultants, businesses and/or representatives from contracting with or otherwise being engaged by any parties (including any and all non-competition, non-circumvention and non-solicitation covenants and other obligations and any and all penalties, liquidated damages, termination fees and/or other fees and other amounts that would be payable in connection with such contracting or engagement); and

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  (ii)   subject to compliance with applicable legal and regulatory requirements, effectuate one or more block transfers of all clients of the Pledged Entities that are designated by Lender to one or more parties designated by Lender in his sole discretion. The Pledgor acknowledges and agrees that Lender shall in no way be prevented or otherwise restricted from receiving or contracting with respect to the payment to Lender or his designees of any fees or other compensation in connection with any such transfers, waivers and releases and Pledgor hereby expressly covenants not to assert any claim relating to, or otherwise attempt to restrict, any such payment to the Lender or his designees or his contracting with respect to such fees or other compensation.
          PLEDGOR HEREBY IRREVOCABLY CONSTITUTES AND APPOINTS LENDER AS THE PROXY AND ATTORNEY-IN-FACT OF PLEDGOR WITH RESPECT TO THE PLEDGED COLLATERAL, INCLUDING THE RIGHT SO LONG AS (AND ONLY SO LONG AS), AN EVENT OF DEFAULT EXISTS AND IS CONTINUING OR AFTER THE LENDER HAS ACCELERATED THE MATURITY OF THE SECURED OBLIGATIONS, TO VOTE THE PLEDGED SHARES, WITH FULL POWER OF SUBSTITUTION TO DO SO. THE APPOINTMENT OF LENDER AS PROXY AND ATTORNEY-IN-FACT IS COUPLED WITH AN INTEREST AND SHALL BE IRREVOCABLE UNTIL ALL SECURED OBLIGATIONS ARE PAID AND SATISFIED IN FULL. IN ADDITION TO THE RIGHT TO VOTE THE PLEDGED SHARES, THE APPOINTMENT OF LENDER AS PROXY AND ATTORNEY-IN-FACT SHALL INCLUDE THE RIGHT TO EXERCISE ALL OTHER RIGHTS, POWERS, PRIVILEGES AND REMEDIES TO WHICH A HOLDER OF THE PLEDGED SHARES WOULD BE ENTITLED (INCLUDING GIVING OR WITHHOLDING WRITTEN CONSENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS, CALLING SPECIAL MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS AND VOTING AT SUCH MEETINGS). SUCH PROXY SHALL BE EFFECTIVE, AUTOMATICALLY AND WITHOUT THE NECESSITY OF ANY ACTION (INCLUDING ANY TRANSFER OF ANY PLEDGED SHARES ON THE RECORD BOOKS OF THE ISSUER THEREOF) BY ANY PERSON (INCLUDING THE ISSUER OF THE PLEDGED SHARES OR ANY OFFICER OR AGENT THEREOF) UPON THE OCCURRENCE AND DURING THE CONTINUANCE OF AN EVENT OF DEFAULT OR AFTER THE LENDER HAS ACCELERATED THE MATURITY OF THE SECURED OBLIGATIONS. NOTWITHSTANDING THE FOREGOING, LENDER SHALL NOT HAVE ANY DUTY TO EXERCISE ANY SUCH RIGHT OR TO PRESERVE THE SAME AND SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY FAILURE TO DO SO OR FOR ANY DELAY IN DOING SO. NOTWITHSTANDING ANYTHING TO THE CONTRARY CONTAINED IN THIS SECTION, LENDER SHALL NOT EXERCISE SUCH POWER OF ATTORNEY UNLESS AN EVENT OF DEFAULT HAS OCCURRED AND IS CONTINUING OR AFTER THE LENDER HAS ACCELERATED THE MATURITY OF THE SECURED OBLIGATIONS AND, TO THE EXTENT PROVIDED FOR HEREIN, LENDER HAS DELIVERED TO PLEDGOR THE WRITTEN NOTICE DESCRIBED IN THE FIRST SENTENCE OF THIS SECTION.

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  (b)   If, at the original time or times appointed for the sale of the whole or any part of the Pledged Collateral, the highest bid, if there be but one sale, shall be inadequate to discharge in full all the Secured Obligations, or if the Pledged Collateral be offered for sale in lots, if at any of such sales, the highest bid for the lot offered for sale would indicate to the Lender, in its discretion, that the proceeds of the sales of the whole of the Pledged Collateral would be unlikely to be sufficient to discharge all the Secured Obligations, the Lender may, on one or more occasions and in its discretion, postpone any of said sales by public announcement at the time of sale or the time of previous postponement of sale, and no other notice of such postponement or postponements of sale need be given, any other notice being hereby waived, provided , however , that any sale or sales made after such postponement shall be after ten (10) days’ notice to Pledgor.
 
  (c)   If, at any time upon an Event of Default and during the continuance of an Event of Default or after Lender has accelerated the maturity of the Secured Obligation, when the Lender shall determine to exercise its right to sell the whole or any part of the Pledged Collateral hereunder, such Pledged Collateral or the part thereof to be sold shall not, for any reason whatsoever, be effectively registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (or any similar statute then in effect) (the “ Act ”), the Lender may, in his sole and absolute discretion (subject only to applicable requirements of law), sell such Pledged Collateral or part thereof by private sale in such manner and under such circumstances as the Lender deem necessary or advisable, but subject to the other requirements of this Section 8 , and shall not be required to effect such registration or to cause the same to be effected. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, in any such event, the Lender in his sole and absolute discretion (x) may, in accordance with applicable securities laws, proceed to make such private sale notwithstanding that a registration statement for the purpose of registering such Pledged Collateral or part thereof could be or shall have been filed under the Act (or similar statute), (y) may approach and negotiate with a single possible purchaser to effect such sale, and (z) may restrict such sale to a purchaser who is an accredited investor under the Act and who will represent and agree that such purchaser is purchasing for its own account, for investment and not with a view to the distribution or sale of such Pledged Collateral or any part thereof. In addition to a private sale as provided above in this Section 8 , if any of the Pledged Collateral shall not be freely distributable to the public without registration under the Act (or similar statute) at the time of any proposed sale pursuant to this Section 8 , then the Lender shall not be required to effect such registration or cause the same to be effected but, in its discretion (subject only to

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      applicable requirements of law), may require that any sale hereunder (including a sale at auction) be conducted subject to restrictions:
  (i)   as to the financial sophistication and ability of any person or entity permitted to bid or purchase at any such sale;
 
  (ii)   as to the content of legends to be placed upon any certificates representing the Pledged Collateral sold in such sale, including restrictions on future transfer thereof;
 
  (iii)   as to the representations required to be made by each person or entity bidding or purchasing at such sale relating to that person’s or entity’s access to financial information about Pledgor and such person’s or entity’s intentions as to the holding of the Pledged Collateral so sold for investment for its own account and not with a view to the distribution thereof; and
 
  (iv)   as to such other matters as the Lender may, in his sole and absolute discretion, deems necessary or appropriate in order that such sale (notwithstanding any failure so to register) may be effected in compliance with the Bankruptcy Code and other laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights and the Act and all applicable state securities laws.
  (d)   Pledgor recognizes that pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement and applicable law, the Lender may resort to one or more private sales of the Pledged Collateral in accordance with clause (c) above. Pledgor also acknowledges that any such private sale may result in prices and other terms less favorable to the Lender than if such sale were a public sale and, notwithstanding such circumstances, agrees that any such private sale shall not be deemed to have been made in a commercially unreasonable manner solely by virtue of such sale being private. The Lender shall be under no obligation to delay a sale of any of the Pledged Collateral for the period of time necessary to permit the Pledged Entity to register such securities for public sale under the Act, or under applicable state securities laws, even if Pledgor and the Pledged Entity would agree to do so.
 
  (e)   Pledgor agrees to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law that following the occurrence of an Event of Default which shall be continuing or after acceleration of the maturity of the Secured Obligations, it will not at any time plead, claim or take the benefit of any appraisal, valuation, stay, extension, moratorium or redemption law now or hereafter in force in order to prevent or delay the enforcement of this Agreement, or the absolute sale of the whole or any part of the Pledged Collateral or the possession thereof by any purchaser at any sale hereunder, and Pledgor waives the benefit of all such laws to the extent it lawfully may do so. Pledgor agrees that it will not interfere with any right, power and remedy

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      of the Lender provided for in this Agreement or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or by statute or otherwise, or the exercise or beginning of the exercise by the Lender of any one or more of such rights, powers or remedies. No failure or delay on the part of the Lender to exercise any such right, power or remedy and no notice or demand which may be given to or made upon Pledgor by the Lender with respect to any such remedies shall operate as a waiver thereof, or limit or impair the Lender’s right to take any action or to exercise any power or remedy hereunder, without notice or demand, or prejudice its rights as against Pledgor in any respect.
  (f)   Pledgor further agrees that a breach of any of the covenants contained in this Section 8 will cause irreparable injury to the Lender, that the Lender shall have no adequate remedy at law in respect of such breach and, as a consequence, agrees that each and every covenant contained in this Section 8 shall be specifically enforceable against Pledgor, and Pledgor hereby waives and agrees not to assert any defenses against an action for specific performance of such covenants except for a defense that the Secured Obligations are not then due and payable in accordance with the agreements and instruments governing and evidencing such obligations.
  9.   Waiver . No delay on the Lender’s part in exercising any power of sale, security interest or lien, option or other right hereunder, and no notice or demand which may be given to or made upon Pledgor by the Lender with respect to any power of sale, security interest or lien, option or other right hereunder, shall constitute a waiver thereof, or limit or impair the Lender’s right to take any action or to exercise any power of sale, security interest or lien, option, or any other right hereunder, without notice or demand, or prejudice the Lender’s rights as against Pledgor in any respect.
  10.   No Assignment . Neither Pledgor nor Lender shall assign this Agreement to any person or entity.
  11.   Termination. Lender shall deliver to Pledgor the Pledged Collateral then in its possession and all instruments of assignment reasonably requested by Pledgor executed in connection therewith, free and clear of the Lien hereof upon the payment and indefeasible satisfaction in full of the Secured Obligations whereupon, subject to Section 14 hereof, this Agreement shall terminate.
  12.   Lien Absolute . All rights of the Lender hereunder, and all obligations of Pledgor hereunder, shall be absolute and unconditional irrespective of:
  (a)   any lack of validity or enforceability of the Note or any other Loan Document;
 
  (b)   any change in the time, manner or place of payment of, or in any other term of, all or any part of the Secured Obligations, or any other amendment or waiver of or any consent to any departure from the Note or any other Loan Document;

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  (c)   the insolvency of any of Pledgor or any of the Pledged Entities; or
 
  (d)   any other circumstance which might otherwise constitute a defense available to, or a discharge of, Pledgor.
  13.   Release . Pledgor consents and agrees that the Lender may at any time, or from time to time, in its sole and absolute discretion:
  (a)   renew, extend or change the time of payment, and/or the manner, place or terms of payment of all or any part of the Secured Obligations; and
 
  (b)   exchange, release and/or surrender all or any of the Pledged Collateral or any other collateral security for the Secured Obligations, or any part thereof, by whomsoever deposited, which is now or may hereafter be held by the Lender or in which it otherwise maintains a Lien, in connection with all or any of the Secured Obligations, all in such manner and upon such terms as the Lender may deem proper, and without notice to or further assent from Pledgor; it being hereby agreed that Pledgor shall be and remain bound upon this Agreement, irrespective of the value or condition of any of the Pledged Collateral or any other collateral security for the Secured Obligations, and notwithstanding any such change, exchange, settlement, compromise, surrender, release, renewal or extension, and notwithstanding also that the Secured Obligations may, at any time, exceed the aggregate principal amount thereof set forth in the Note, or any other agreement governing any Secured Obligations. Pledgor hereby waives notice of acceptance of this Agreement, and also presentment, demand, protest and notice of dishonor of any and all of the Secured Obligations, and promptness in commencing suit against any party hereto or liable hereon, and in giving any notice to or of making any claim or demand hereunder upon Pledgor. No act or omission of any kind on the Lender’s part shall in any event affect or impair this Agreement.
  14.   Reinstatement . This Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and continue to be effective should any petition be filed by or against Pledgor or any Pledged Entity for liquidation or reorganization, should Pledgor or any Pledged Entity become insolvent or make an assignment for the benefit of creditors or should a receiver or trustee be appointed for all or any significant part of Pledgor’s or any Pledged Entity’s assets, and shall continue to be effective or be reinstated, as the case may be, if at any time payment and performance of the Secured Obligations, or any part thereof, is, pursuant to applicable law, rescinded or reduced in amount, or must otherwise be restored or returned by any obligee of the Secured Obligations, whether as a “voidable preference”, “fraudulent transfer or conveyance”, or otherwise, all as though such payment or performance had not been made. In the event that any payment, or any part thereof, is rescinded, reduced, restored or returned, the Secured Obligations shall be reinstated and deemed reduced only by such amount paid and not so rescinded, reduced, restored or returned.

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  15.   Miscellaneous .
  (a)   The Lender may execute any of his duties hereunder by or through agents or employees and shall be entitled to advice of counsel concerning all matters pertaining to its duties hereunder.
 
  (b)   Pledgor agrees to promptly reimburse the Lender, upon its demand, for reasonable actual out-of-pocket expenses, including, without limitation, reasonable counsel fees, incurred by the Lender in connection with the administration and enforcement of this Agreement.
 
  (c)   Neither the Lender, nor any of his employees, agents or counsel shall be liable for any action lawfully taken or omitted to be taken by it or them hereunder or in connection herewith, except for its or their own gross negligence or willful misconduct as finally determined by a court of competent jurisdiction.
 
  (d)   THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE BINDING UPON PLEDGOR AND ITS SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS (INCLUDING A DEBTOR-IN-POSSESSION ON BEHALF OF PLEDGOR), AND SHALL INURE TO THE BENEFIT OF, AND BE ENFORCEABLE BY, THE LENDER AND ITS SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS, AND SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED AND ENFORCED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA WITHOUT GIVING EFFECT TO PRINCIPLES OR CONFLICT OR LAWS AND NONE OF THE TERMS OR PROVISIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT MAY BE WAIVED, ALTERED, MODIFIED OR AMENDED EXCEPT IN WRITING DULY SIGNED FOR AND ON BEHALF OF LENDER AND PLEDGOR.
  16.   Severability . If for any reason any provision or provisions hereof are determined to be invalid and contrary to any existing or future law, such invalidity shall not impair the operation of or effect those portions of this Agreement which are valid.
  17.   Notices . All notices shall be given to the parties hereto in the manner set forth in Section 9.1 of the Purchase Agreement, and all such notices shall be effective when and as provided therein.
  18.   Section Titles . The Section titles contained in this Agreement are and shall be without substantive meaning or content of any kind whatsoever and are not a part of the agreement between the parties hereto.

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  19.   Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, which shall, collectively and separately, constitute one agreement.
  20.   Benefit of Lender . All security interests granted or contemplated hereby shall be for the benefit of the Lender, and all proceeds or payments realized from the Pledged Collateral in accordance herewith shall be applied to the Obligations in accordance with the terms of the Note.
[signature page follows]

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     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first written above.
         
  Pledgor:


Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc.
 
 
  By:   /s/ Richard J. Lampen    
    Name:   Richard J. Lampen   
    Title:   President and CEO   
 
         
  Lender:
 
 
  /s/ Bruce A. Zwigard    
  Bruce A. Zwigard   
     
 

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EXHIBIT 10.1
 
 
STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT
among
LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.,
THE INVESTACORP COMPANIES,
THE VIA COMPANIES
and
BRUCE ZWIGARD
and
BRUCE A. ZWIGARD GRANTOR RETAINED ANNUITY TRUST
dated June 20, 2007
Dated October 19, 2007
 
 

 


 

STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT
     This STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT (this “ Agreement ”), is hereby made and entered into effective as of October 19, 2007, by and among LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC. , a Florida corporation (“ LTFS ”), the INVESTACORP COMPANIES (as hereinafter defined), the VIA COMPANIES (as hereinafter defined), BRUCE A. ZWIGARD (“ Zwigard ”) and BRUCE A. ZWIGARD GRANTOR RETAINED ANNUITY TRUST , dated June 20, 2007 (the “GRAT,” together with Zwigard, the “ Stockholders ”).
RECITALS
     WHEREAS, the Stockholders are the owners of all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of each of the corporations designated as an “Investacorp Company” on Schedule I annexed hereto (each, an “ Investacorp Company ” and, collectively, the “ Investacorp Companies ”) and each of the corporations designated as a “VIA Company” on Schedule I annexed hereto (each, a “ VIA Company ” and, collectively, the “ VIA Companies ”) (each of the Investacorp Companies and the VIA Companies, individually, a “ Company ” and, collectively, the “ Companies ”); and
     WHEREAS, upon the terms and subject to the conditions of this Agreement, LTFS desires to purchase from the Stockholders, and the Stockholders desire to sell to LTFS, all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of each of the Companies (collectively, the “ Company Stock ”).
     NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises herein contained, and other good and valuable consideration the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the Parties agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
PURCHASE AND SALE
     SECTION 1.1 Definitions . Certain capitalized terms used in this Agreement and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings specified in Article VIII.
     SECTION 1.2 Purchase and Sale of Company Stock . Upon the terms and subject to the conditions contained herein, at the Closing, the Stockholders shall sell, convey, transfer, assign and deliver to LTFS all of their right, title and interest in the Company Stock, and LTFS will purchase and acquire the Company Stock from the Stockholders, provided that , the sale of the outstanding capital stock of IAS (the “ IAS Stock ”) to LTFS shall be effective, and the conveyance, transfer and assignment of the IAS Stock shall occur, on December 31, 2007 (the “ IAS Transfer Date ”). In each case, the sale, conveyance, transfer and delivery of the Company Stock shall be free and clear of any and all Liens.

 


 

     SECTION 1.3 Closing . Unless this Agreement shall have been terminated pursuant to Section 7.1, the closing of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (the “ Closing ”) shall take place at the offices of Graubard Miller, The Chrysler Building, 405 Lexington Avenue, 19 th Floor, New York, New York 10174 at a time and date to be specified by the Parties, which shall be no later than the second Business Day after the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set forth in Article V, or at such other time, date and location as the Parties hereto agree in writing (the “ Closing Date ”).
     SECTION 1.4 Purchase Price . Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, LTFS hereby agrees to pay and deliver, at Closing, a purchase price for the Company Stock consisting of (i) Twenty-Five Million Dollars ($25,000,000.00) cash, payable to the Stockholders by wire transfer of immediately available funds in accordance with wire instructions to be delivered by the Stockholders to LTFS on or prior to the Closing Date, and (ii) Fifteen Million Dollars ($15,000,000), with interest accruing thereon at an interest rate per annum equal to four and eleven hundredths percent (4.11%), compounded monthly, payable to Zwigard in thirty-six (36) equal monthly installments of combined principal and interest of Four Hundred Forty Two Thousand Eighty Dollars and Twenty Cents ($442,080.20), all as more particularly described in that certain non-negotiable promissory note (the “ Note ”) to be executed and delivered by LTFS to Zwigard at Closing in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit A (items (i) and (ii), collectively, the “ Purchase Price ”). The cash portion of the Purchase Price shall be paid to the Stockholders in accordance with the allocation provided on Schedule II . Payment of installments of the Note shall be made by wire transfer of immediately available funds to the account of Zwigard specified by him from time to time by written notice given to LTFS, with respect to which a change of accounts, to be effective with respect to future payments, shall be given not later than five (5) Business Days prior to the date an installment is due. The Note shall be subject to set-off and deduction as set forth in Section 6.5(b).
     SECTION 1.5 Security Interests . To secure payment of the Note, at the Closing, concurrently with the issuance of the Note, LTFS shall grant to Zwigard a first priority security interest in the capital stock of the Companies in accordance with the Pledge Agreement in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit B (the “ Pledge Agreement ”) to be executed, delivered and entered into at the Closing. Concurrently with the execution and delivery of the Pledge Agreement, LTFS shall deliver to Zwigard all certificates evidencing the Company Stock (except for the IAS Stock as provided in Section 1.7), properly endorsed in blank for transfer together with any stock transfer powers, appropriately executed, as may be necessary to transfer such Company Stock to Zwigard, as provided in the Pledge Agreement.
     SECTION 1.6 Net Worth Reimbursements . LTFS shall pay to the Stockholders, as part of the Purchase Price, the Net Worth Reimbursements with respect to all of the Companies as hereinafter provided.
          (a) Calculation . The Parties acknowledge and agree that, set forth on Schedule II is the aggregate balance, with respect to each Company, of the retained earnings plus paid-in capital of such Company as of the dates set forth therein (collectively, the “ Net Worth Reimbursements Estimate ”). As used in this Agreement, a “ Net Worth Reimbursement ” means,

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with respect to a Company, the sum of (i) the aggregate balance of the retained earnings plus paid-in capital of such Company as of September 30, 2007, in each case, if any, plus (ii) the product of (A) the aggregate increase or decrease, as the case may be, in the retained earnings and paid-in capital (including stated capital and capital surplus and excluding purchase accounting adjustments resulting from the transactions contemplated by this Agreement) of such Company from October 1 2007 through October 31, 2007, in each case, if any, excluding, in the case of Investacorp, the aggregate amount payable, up to a maximum amount of $159,113.50, to Investacorp in the month of October 2007 by its registered representatives in respect of Part 1 renewal fees (such aggregate amount payable up to such maximum amount, the “ Part 1 Fees ”), adding back the $244,046 bonus paid or to be paid to Zwigard by the Investacorp Companies (as set forth on Company Schedule Section 2.6(e)) and the employers’ payroll taxes related to the Pre-Closing Compensation Plan, multiplied by (B) the quotient obtained by dividing (I) the number of days in the month in which the Closing occurs up to and including the day immediately preceding the Closing Date, by (II) the total number of days in the month in which the Closing occurs, plus (iii) the aggregate amount of all Part 1 Fees, and minus (iv) the sum of the $244,046 bonus paid or to be paid to Zwigard by the Investacorp Companies (as set forth on Company Schedule 2.6(e)) and the employers’ payroll taxes related to the Pre-Closing Compensation Plan . The calculation of retained earnings hereunder with respect to each Company as of each applicable date (i.e., September 30 or October 31, 2007, as applicable) shall reflect, except for the exclusion of Part 1 Fees as hereinabove provided, the accrual of all revenue and expenses of such Company through and including such date, including, without limitation, the accrual of all payments made by Investacorp pursuant to the Pre-Closing Compensation Plan as described in Section 4.6, the Zwigard Contribution, all expenses payable by the Companies in accordance with Section 7.3 hereof in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, and Taxes of any nature payable by the Companies with respect to income earned for any period ending on such date, if any.
          (b) Payment . LTFS shall pay to the Stockholders the aggregate amount of the Net Worth Reimbursements with respect to all of the Companies as follows:
     (i) On the Closing Date, LTFS shall pay to the Stockholders, by wire transfer of immediately available funds, the aggregate amount of the Net Worth Reimbursements Estimate in accordance with the allocation set forth on Schedule II .
     (ii) Upon completion of the True-Up as provided in Section 1.6(c), LTFS shall pay to the Stockholders, by wire transfer of immediately available funds, the positive balance, if any, between (A) the aggregate amount of the Net Worth Reimbursements, as determined pursuant to the True-Up minus (B) the aggregate amount of the Net Worth Reimbursements Estimate; provided, however, that if such True Up reveals that the Net Worth Reimbursements Estimate exceeds the Net Worth Reimbursements, the applicable Stockholders (i.e., the Stockholder(s) with respect to the Company(ies) to which such excess relates) shall promptly refund the entire amount of such excess to LTFS by wire transfer of immediately available funds. The Parties acknowledge that the Net Worth Reimbursements shall constitute for all purposes a part of the Purchase Price and that each such payment pursuant to the True-Up shall be treated as an adjustment, upwards (in the case of a payment by LTFS to the Stockholders) or downwards (in the case of a payment by the Stockholders to LTFS) to the Purchase Price.

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          (c) True-Up . As soon as practicable following the Closing Date, LTFS shall prepare and deliver a copy to Zwigard for his review, final operating statements for each Company for the periods commencing on the first day of such Company’s fiscal year and ending on September 30, 2007 and October 31, 2007 and final balance sheets for each Company as of September 30, 2007 and October 31, 2007, each of which shall be prepared using a methodology in accordance with U.S. GAAP consistent with such Companies’ past practices in the ordinary course of business and the Audited Financial Statements, and the Parties shall calculate the Net Worth Reimbursements as hereinafter provided (the “ True-Up ”). LTFS and Zwigard shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the True-Up to be completed within the seventy-five (75) day period after the Closing Date, including providing Zwigard with full access to each Company’s books and records sufficiently early in the process so that such True-Up may be completed within such seventy-five (75) day period. When completed, LTFS shall send to Zwigard, in addition to the final operating statements and final balance sheets described above, a notice detailing the determination of the True-Up (the “ True-Up Results Notice ”). In the event that Zwigard does not agree with the determination of the True-Up or any aspect thereof, he shall advise LTFS in writing within twenty (20) Business Days after he receives the True-Up Results Notice that he disputes the determination of the True-Up and detailing the particular items in the True-Up Results Notice with which he disagrees. The Parties and a certified public accountant chosen and engaged by Zwigard (the “ Challenging Accountant ”)) shall have an additional twenty (20) Business Days to resolve any such disputes. If the Parties cannot resolve the disputes within twenty (20) Business Days after such notice of the disputes is delivered, each of the Challenging Accountant and an independent public accounting firm selected by and in the sole discretion of LTFS shall choose a third certified public accountant (the “ CPA ”) whose decision shall be binding upon the Parties. LTFS and Zwigard shall each pay one-half of all costs and expenses associated with the engagement of the CPA. The determination of the True-Up by LTFS, as detailed in the True-Up Results Notice, shall be conclusive and binding on the Parties, except that, if Zwigard gives timely written notice of any disputes as hereinabove provided, the True-Up agreed upon in writing by LTFS and Zwigard or the decision rendered by the CPA shall be conclusively determinative for all such purposes.
     SECTION 1.7 IAS Stock Escrow . On the Closing Date, Zwigard shall place the IAS Stock (properly endorsed in blank for transfer together with any stock transfer powers, appropriately executed, as may be necessary to transfer the IAS Stock to LTFS) (collectively, the “ IAS Stock Transfer Documents ”), into escrow with Graubard Miller, counsel to LTFS, with irrevocable, unconditional instructions to release, without further notice or instruction, the IAS Stock Transfer Documents to LTFS on the IAS Transfer Date. The escrow agreement with respect to IAS Stock Transfer Documents shall be in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Zwigard, LTFS and Graubard Miller (the “ IAS Escrow Agreement ”). Concurrently with the release of the IAS Stock Transfer Documents to LTFS, LTFS shall deliver to Zwigard (as the Lender under the Pledge Agreement) all certificates evidencing the IAS Stock, properly endorsed in blank for transfer together with any stock transfer powers, appropriately executed, as may be necessary to transfer the IAS Stock to Zwigard as provided for under the Pledge Agreement.

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     SECTION 1.8 Post-Closing Payments . In the event that, on or after the Closing Date, any of the LTFS Companies receives any Post-Closing Payment, then LTFS shall, within ten (10) business days of such receipt, remit to Zwigard or his designee(s), by wire transfer of immediately available funds, the aggregate dollar amount of each such Post-Closing Payment, together with a reasonably detailed written notice documenting such Post-Closing Payment, up to a maximum aggregate amount of $102,000. Each such remittance shall be treated as an upwards adjustment to the Purchase Price.
     SECTION 1.9 Further Assurances; Post-Closing Cooperation . Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, at any time or from time to time after the Closing, each of the Parties shall execute and deliver such other documents and instruments, provide such materials and information and take such other actions as may reasonably be necessary, proper or advisable, to the extent permitted by law, to fulfill its obligations under this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a Party.
ARTICLE II
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF COMPANIES
     Subject to the exceptions set forth on the document annexed hereto, executed by the Parties and identified as the “Company Schedule” (the “ Company Schedule ”), and except as provided therein, each of the Companies hereby jointly and severally represents and warrants to LTFS as follows:
     SECTION 2.1 The Companies .
          (a) Organization . Each Company is a corporation duly incorporated, validly existing and in good standing or in active status under the law of its state of incorporation and is qualified to do business in each state where the nature of the business it conducts or the properties it owns, leases or operates requires it to so qualify, except for those states in which any failure by such Company to be so incorporated, validly existing, in good standing or active status and/or qualified could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on all of the Companies taken as a whole. Each Company has all requisite corporate power to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as now being conducted except where the failure to have such power could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on all of the Companies as a whole. The states in which each Company is incorporated and so qualified are listed in Section 2.1(a) of the Company Schedule.
          (b) No Subsidiaries . Other than in the ordinary course of its securities business, no Company, directly or indirectly, owns any capital stock or other securities of any issuer or any equity interest in any other entity and is not a party to any agreement to acquire any such securities or interest.

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          (c) Corporate Records . The minute books of each Company contain true, complete and accurate records, in each case, in all material respects, of all meetings and consents in lieu of meetings of its board of directors (and any committees thereof), similar governing bodies and stockholders (“ Corporate Records ”) since the time of such Company’s organization. Copies of such Corporate Records of the Companies have been heretofore made available to LTFS.
          (d) Securities Records . The stock transfer, warrant and option transfer and ownership records of each Company contain true, complete and accurate records of the securities ownership as of the date of such records and the transfers involving the capital stock and other securities of such Company since the time of such Company’s organization. Copies of such records of the Companies have been heretofore made available to LTFS.
     SECTION 2.2 Authority and Corporate and Shareholder Action .
          (a) Each Company has all necessary corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and the Company Transaction Documents to which it is a party and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. All corporate action necessary to be taken by each and any Company (including by their respective boards of directors and shareholders, as applicable), to authorize the execution, delivery and performance by such Company of this Agreement and the Company Transaction Documents to which it is a party has been duly and validly taken. This Agreement and each of the Company Transaction Documents constitutes, or will constitute upon execution and delivery thereof, the valid, binding and enforceable obligation of each of the Companies that is a party hereto and thereto, enforceable against each such Company in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer or similar laws of general application now or hereafter in effect affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and by general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding at law or in equity).
          (b) Each Stockholder has all necessary power and authority to enter into this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. Except as set forth in Section 2.2(b), all action necessary to be taken by each Stockholder, to authorize the execution, delivery and performance by such Stockholder of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party has been duly and validly taken. This Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents constitutes, or will constitute upon execution and delivery thereof, the valid, binding and enforceable obligation of each of the Stockholders that is a party hereto and thereto, enforceable against each such Stockholder in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer or similar laws of general application now or hereafter in effect affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and by general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding at law or in equity).

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     SECTION 2.3 No Conflicts, etc . Subject to receipt of the approvals and filings set forth in Section 2.3 of the Company Schedule, neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement by any Company or of any Company Transaction Document by any Company that is a party thereto, nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, will (i) conflict with, result in a breach or violation of or constitute (or with notice of lapse of time or both constitute) a default under, (A) the certificate or articles of incorporation or by-laws (or similar constituent documents) of any of the Companies or (B) any applicable law, statute, regulation, order, judgment or decree or any instrument, contract or other agreement to which any of the Companies is a party or by which any of the Companies (or any of their respective properties) is subject or bound, except where any such conflict, breach, violation or default, singly or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect upon the Companies, taken as a whole; (ii) result in the creation of, or give any third party the right to create, any lien, charge, option, security interest or other encumbrance (“ Lien ”) upon the assets of any of the Companies, except where such Lien, singly or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect upon the Companies, taken as a whole; (iii) terminate or modify, or give any third party the right to terminate or modify, the provisions or terms of any contract to which any of the Companies is a party, except where such termination or modification, singly or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect upon the Companies, taken as a whole; or (iv) result in any suspension, revocation, forfeiture or nonrenewal of any permit, license, qualification, authorization or approval applicable to any of the Companies, except where such suspension, revocation, impairment, forfeiture or nonrenewal, singly or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect upon the Companies, taken as a whole.
     SECTION 2.4 Capitalization; Ownership of Securities .
          (a) Capitalization . The capitalization of each Company as of the date of this Agreement is set forth in Section 2.4 of the Company Schedule. There are no options, warrants or other contractual rights outstanding which require, or give any Person the right to require, the issuance of any capital stock of any of the Companies whether or not such rights are presently exercisable.
          (b) Ownership . The Company Stock constitutes all of the outstanding capital stock of the Companies and has been duly authorized and validly issued and is fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of any and all Liens and is held beneficially and of record by the Stockholders in good and valid title as described in Section 2.4 of the Company Schedule. There are no options, warrants or other contractual rights outstanding which require, or give any Person the right to require, the purchase from or sale by either Stockholder of any capital stock of any of the Companies whether or not such rights are presently exercisable. When the Company Stock is purchased and sold hereunder, and upon delivery by the Stockholders to LTFS of certificates for the Company Stock at the Closing pursuant to this Agreement, LTFS will have, as of the Closing Date, good and valid title to the Company Stock, free and clear of all Liens.

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     SECTION 2.5 Compliance with Law; Customer Complaints .
          (a) The businesses of the Companies are, and since January 1, 2002 have been, conducted in compliance in all material respects with all applicable laws, rules, regulations, court or administrative orders and processes and rules, mandatory directives and orders of any Governmental Entity, regulatory or self-regulatory agencies or bodies (including, without limitation, the Exchange Act, the Investment Advisers Act, as amended, and any laws, rules, regulations, orders and mandatory directives that relate to broker-dealer regulation, consumer protection, products and services, proprietary rights, anti-competitive practices, collective bargaining, ERISA, equal opportunity and improper payments), except as would not reasonably be expected, singly or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Companies, taken as a whole. No Company has received any notice from any applicable Governmental Entity or regulatory or self-regulatory agency or body, and to the Companies’ Knowledge none is threatened, alleging that any of the Companies is violating or has, since January 1, 2002, violated, or is not complying or has not, since January 1, 2002, complied with, any of the foregoing the effect of which, individually or in the aggregate with other such violations and non-compliance, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Companies, taken as a whole.
          (b) Customer complaints reportable on Form U-4 which have been made since January 1, 2004 against Investacorp Inc., a Florida corporation (“ Investacorp ”), or any of its registered representatives, other than Post-Execution Customer Proceedings, are set forth in Section 2.5(b) of the Company Schedule and copies of each such complaint have been furnished or made available to LTFS. Such complaints which are pending as of the date of this Agreement are appropriately noted in Section 2.5(b) of the Company Schedule. The balance sheet of Investacorp at June 30, 2007 included in the Financial Statements contains adequate accruals to the extent required by U.S. GAAP for the costs (including costs of settlement, judgments and attorneys’ fees and expenses) to be incurred by Investacorp in connection with all such customer complaints pending as of such date.
     SECTION 2.6 Financial Statements and Certain Financial Matters .
          (a) Financial Statements . The Companies have made available to LTFS correct and complete copies of the following financial statements with respect to the Companies:
     (i) the audited balance sheets, statements of income, statements of shareholder’s equity and statements of cash flows (including any related notes thereto) of Investacorp, at and for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2007, June 30, 2006 and June 30, 2005 (the “ Audited Financial Statements ”);
     (ii) the unaudited balance sheets and income statements (none of which include any notes) of each of the Investacorp Companies at and for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and the twelve months ended December 31, 2006, December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 (the “ Unaudited Investacorp Companies Financial Statements ”); and

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     (iii) the unaudited balance sheets and income statements (none of which include any notes) of each of the VIA Companies at and for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and twelve months ended December 31, 2006, December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 (the “ Unaudited VIA Companies Financial Statements ” and, together with the Audited Financial Statements and the Unaudited Investacorp Companies Financial Statements, the “ Financial Statements ”).
The Audited Financial Statements were prepared, in all material respects, in conformity with (i) the published rules and regulations of any Governmental Entities with which such Audited Financial Statements are required to be filed, in each case, as such rules and regulations existed at the time such Audited Financial Statements were so required to be filed, and (ii) generally accepted accounting principles of the United States (“ U.S. GAAP ”) applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods covered thereby (except as may be indicated in the notes thereto). The Audited Financial Statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Investacorp at the respective dates thereof and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the periods covered thereby. The Unaudited Investacorp Companies Financial Statements were prepared, in all material respects, in conformity with U.S. GAAP applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods covered thereby and present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the respective Investacorp Companies to which such Financial Statements relate at the respective dates thereof and the results of operations of the respective Investacorp Companies to which such Financial Statements relate for the periods covered thereby, except, in each case, (A) as noted on Section 2.6(a) of the Company Schedule, (B) to the extent notes to such Financial Statements or statements of shareholder’s equity and/or cash flows would be required for such conformity to U.S. GAAP, would disclose deviations from U.S. GAAP or would reflect matters that would impact such financial position or results of operations, and (C) that such Financial Statements are subject to normal adjustments that, if made as a result of an audit, would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Companies, taken as a whole. The Unaudited VIA Companies Financial Statements have been prepared using a methodology which is consistent with prior periods and which is more particularly described in Section 2.6(a) of the Company Schedule.
          (b) Books and Records . The books of account and other similar financial books and records of the Companies have been maintained, in all material respects, in accordance with good business practice in the industry in which the Companies operate, are complete and correct in all material respects and there have been no material transactions that are required by either applicable regulatory requirements or by good business practice in the industry in which the Companies operate to be set forth therein and which have not been so set forth. Copies of all such books and records have been made available to LTFS.
          (c) Receivables . Except as otherwise expressly noted in the Financial Statements or set forth in Section 2.6(c) of the Company Schedule, the accounts and notes receivable of any Company reflected on the balance sheets for such Company included in the Financial Statements (i) arose from bona fide sales transactions in the ordinary course of business and are payable on ordinary trade terms, (ii) are, to the Companies’ Knowledge, legal, valid and binding obligations of the respective debtors enforceable in accordance with their

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terms, except as such may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, or other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally, and by general equitable principles, (iii) are, to the Companies’ Knowledge, not subject to any valid set-off or counterclaim except to the extent set forth in such balance sheet contained therein, (iv) are, to the Companies’ Knowledge, collectible in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice in the aggregate recorded amounts thereof, net of any applicable reserve reflected in such balance sheet referenced above, and (v) are not the subject of any actions or proceedings brought by or on behalf of any of the Companies.
          (d) No Undisclosed Liabilities . Except as set forth in Section 2.6(d) of the Company Schedule or reflected in the Financial Statements, none of the Companies has any liabilities (absolute, accrued, contingent or otherwise) that are, individually or in the aggregate, material to the business, results of operations or financial condition of the Companies, taken as a whole, except (i) liabilities which would not be required under U.S. GAAP to be reflected in the Financial Statements (assuming that all of the Financial Statements were prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP), (ii) liabilities which would not be required under U.S. GAAP to be reflected in any balance sheet or income statement of any Company if such balance sheet or income statement was to be prepared with respect to any date or period occurring (whether in whole or in part) after June 30, 2007 , (iii) liabilities arising in the ordinary course of the Companies’ business since June 30, 2007, none of which would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Companies, (iv) liabilities arising in connection with the preparation, negotiation, consummation and/or performance of the Transaction Documents and/or the transactions contemplated thereby (including the transactions contemplated by Section 4.6 of this Agreement), and (v) liabilities arising from any Proceedings that are initially threatened, asserted, brought, filed or otherwise advanced, in each case, after the date of this Agreement in connection with the Companies or the operation of their respective businesses in the ordinary course of business against any of the Stockholders or any of the Companies, or any of their respective employees, officers, directors, trustees, Affiliates, registered principals, contractors, representatives or agents, by any client(s) or customer(s) of any Company (including any successor thereto) or of any registered representative or other sales agent thereof (collectively, “ Post-Execution Customer Proceedings ” and each, a “ Post-Execution Customer Proceeding ”).
          (e) Absence of Certain Changes or Events . Except (a) as set forth in Section 2.6(e) of the Company Schedule, (b) for the transactions contemplated by any of the Transaction Documents (including as contemplated by Section 4.6 of this Agreement), and/or (c) as consented to in writing by LTFS, since December 31, 2006, there has not been : (i) as of the date of this Agreement, any Material Adverse Effect on the Companies, (ii) any declaration, setting aside or payment of any dividend on, or other distribution (whether in cash, stock or property) in respect of, any of the Companies’ stock, or any purchase, redemption or other acquisition by any Company of any of such Company’s capital stock or any other securities of such Company or any options, warrants, calls or rights to acquire any such shares or other securities, (iii) any split, combination or reclassification of any of the Companies’ capital stock, (iv) any granting by any Company of any increase in compensation or fringe benefits, except for normal increases of cash or fringe benefit compensation in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, or any payment by such Company of any bonus, except for bonuses made in the ordinary course of

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business consistent with past practice, or any granting by any Company of any increase in severance or termination pay or any entry by such Company into any currently effective employment, severance, termination or indemnification agreement or any agreement the benefits of which are contingent or the terms of which are materially altered upon the occurrence of a transaction involving such Company of the nature contemplated hereby, (v) entry by any Company into any licensing or other agreement with regard to the acquisition or disposition of any Intangible Rights other than licenses in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice or any amendment or consent with respect to any licensing agreement filed or required to be filed by such Company with respect to any Governmental Entity, (vi) any material change by any Company in its accounting methods, principles or practices, (vii) any change in the auditors of any Company, (viii) any issuance of capital stock of any Company, (ix) any revaluation by any Company of any of its assets, including, without limitation, writing down the value of capitalized inventory or writing off notes or accounts receivable or any sale of assets of such Company other than in the ordinary course of business, (x) any acceleration of the recognition of revenues or deferment of the recognition of expenses other than in accordance with U.S. GAAP and consistent with past practices, or (xi) any agreement, whether written or oral, to do any of the foregoing.
          (f) Internal Controls . Each Company maintains a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) the respective transactions of each of the Investacorp Companies are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of the respective financial statements of such Investacorp Companies in conformity with U.S. GAAP and to maintain asset accountability, (iii) the respective transactions of each of the VIA Companies are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of the respective financial statements of such VIA Companies in conformity with the methodology described in Section 2.6(a) of the Company Schedule, (iv) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization, and (v) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. The Companies have made available to LTFS complete and correct (in each case, in all material respects) copies of (A) all written descriptions of such internal accounting controls that are, as of the date hereof, in the possession or immediate control of the Companies, and (B) all policies, manuals and other documents promulgating, such internal accounting controls.
          (g) Investigations, etc . Since December 31, 2002, no Stockholder or, to the Companies’ Knowledge, any director, officer, employee, registered representative, auditor, accountant or representative of any Company, has received or otherwise had or obtained Knowledge of any complaint, allegation, assertion or claim, whether written or oral, regarding the accounting or auditing practices, procedures, methodologies or methods of such Company or its internal accounting controls, including any complaint, allegation, assertion or claim that such Company has engaged in questionable accounting or auditing practices. No attorney representing a Company, whether or not employed by the Company, has reported evidence of a material violation of securities laws, breach of fiduciary duty or similar violation by such Company or any of its officers, directors, employees, registered representatives or agents to such

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Company’s board of directors or any committee thereof or to any director the Company. Since December 31, 2002, there have been no internal investigations regarding the accounting or revenue recognition practices of any Company discussed with, reviewed by or initiated at the direction of the Stockholders or any executive officer or the board of directors or any committee thereof of such Company.
     SECTION 2.7 Licenses, Permits, Etc . Except as set forth in Section 2.7 of the Company Schedule, the Companies and their officers, directors, employees and registered representatives possess all applicable registrations, licenses, permits, authorizations and approvals from all Governmental Entities and self-regulatory organizations (collectively referred to herein as “ Permits ”) (including those required from the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ Commission ”), FINRA and state insurance administrators) that are necessary to enable them to sell securities or insurance in any jurisdiction in which any of the Companies engages in the sale of securities or insurance (which jurisdictions are listed in Section 2.7 of the Company Schedule) and to otherwise own and operate the businesses of the Companies as owned and operated as of the date hereof, except, in each case, where the failure to obtain or possess such Permits would not in the aggregate reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Companies, taken as a whole. True, complete and correct copies of such Permits have previously been made available to LTFS. All such Permits are in full force and effect and the Companies and their officers, directors, employees and registered representatives have complied in all material respects with all terms of such Permits. No Company is in default in any material respect under any of such Permits and there is no claim, action or proceeding, pending or, to the Knowledge of the Companies, threatened, involving the cancellation or suspension of any of such Permits. Section 2.7 of the Company Schedule includes a listing of all branch offices of the Companies, including their addresses and dates of approval from the NASD or FINRA, as applicable, to operate such branch offices.
     SECTION 2.8 Marketable Securities . Except as disclosed in Section 2.8 of the Company Schedule, all securities carried in the balance sheets included in the Financial Statements at June 30, 2007 (the “ 2007 Balance Sheets ”) as marketable securities are readily marketable in established markets at values established in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and are, in the 2007 Balance Sheets, valued in accordance with U.S. GAAP and, except for pledges in the ordinary course of business, are not subject to any restriction (contractual or otherwise) that would materially impair the ability of the entity holding such securities to dispose freely of such securities at any time. The pricing of such securities and loans held in the trading accounts or securities portfolios of the Companies and reflected in the financial statements contained in the FOCUS Report filed by Investacorp for the month ended August 31, 2007 is consistent with past practices. Section 2.8 of the Company Schedule sets forth a true and complete list of any and all stocks, bonds, options, warrants, promissory notes, debentures or other evidences of indebtedness, and convertible securities or other instruments received since January 1, 2004 by any Company as consideration in connection with any underwritten offering or private placement, if any, as to which, except as set forth in Section 2.8 of the Company Schedule, no Person other than a Company has any right, including the right to share in any appreciation, to such securities.

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     SECTION 2.9 Real Property; Leased Properties; Contracts .
          (a) None of the Companies owns any real property.
          (b) All leases for the real property (“ Leases ”) leased by the Companies are listed on Section 2.9(b) of the Company Schedule, and copies thereof have been made available to LTFS.
          (c) All material leases for personal property and all material contracts and commitments, including all clearing agreements and agreements for borrowed money and other indebtedness (collectively, “ Contracts ”), to which any of the Companies is a party are listed on Section 2.9(c) of the Company Schedule. For purposes of this Section 2.9, a material lease, contract or commitment means any lease, contract or commitment which cannot be terminated on 60 days notice or less without material cost and, if requiring the payment of money, pursuant to which the unliquidated amount required to be paid by a Company or which a Company is entitled to receive, as of the date hereof, is $25,000 or more. Copies of the Contracts of the Companies have been made available to LTFS.
          (d) All Contracts and Leases of the Companies are valid and binding agreements of the relevant Companies, enforceable against such Companies and, to the Knowledge of the Companies, against any other parties thereto, in accordance with their terms, and there is no default by any of the Companies, or, to the Companies’ Knowledge, any other party thereto, under any such Contract or Lease, except for such defaults which, singly or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect upon the Companies, taken as a whole. None of the other parties to the Contracts or Leases has notified in writing any of the Companies of any intention to terminate its Contract or Lease, except where such termination would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect on the Companies, taken as a whole.
     SECTION 2.10 Litigation . Except as set forth in Section 2.10 of the Company Schedule and except for any Post-Execution Customer Proceedings, there are no claims, actions, suits, arbitrations or other proceedings (“ Proceedings ”) (including arbitrations with any registered representative or customer of any Company) pending or, to the Companies’ Knowledge, threatened against any Company at law or in equity before any court, federal, state, municipal or other governmental department or agency or other tribunal. Except for any Customer Proceeding Claims, no Proceeding identified in Section 2.10 of the Company Schedule would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the ability of any Company to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby or on the Companies, taken as a whole. None of the Companies or their property is subject to any order, judgment, injunction or decree (except for any order, judgment, injunction or decree relating to any Customer Proceeding Claims) which would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Companies, taken as a whole.

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     SECTION 2.11 Taxes, Tax Returns and Audits .
          (a) All material federal, state, and local Taxes due and payable by the Companies for all periods ending on or before June 30, 2007, have been paid in full or have been adequately reserved against on the 2007 Balance Sheets as required by U.S. GAAP;
          (b) the Companies have filed all federal, state, and local income, excise, property, sales, social security, information returns, and other Tax returns, reports and related information (“ Returns ”) required to have been timely filed by them (taking into account any permitted extensions), or, as set forth in Section 2.11(b) of the Company Schedule, extensions of the time for filing such Returns are presently in effect; the Returns that have been filed have been accurately prepared, except for such inaccuracies as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Companies;
          (c) the Companies’ federal income tax returns have been audited by the IRS through the dates set forth in Section 2.11(c) of the Company Schedule, and their state and local income tax returns have been audited by the respective state and local tax agencies through the dates set forth in Section 2.11(c) of the Company Schedule, and, to the Companies’ Knowledge, all such audit reports are final;
          (d) except as set forth in Section 2.11(d) of the Company Schedule, none of the Companies has executed or filed any agreements, waivers or other arrangements providing for an extension of time with respect to the filing of any Return or the payment of any Tax by any of the Companies other than Taxes that have been adequately reserved or are not material;
          (e) except as set forth in Section 2.11(e) of the Company Schedule, there are no actions, suits, proceedings, investigations, audits or claims pending or, to the Companies’ Knowledge, threatened, by any Governmental Entity for assessment or collection of Taxes against any Company;
          (f) there are no Liens for Taxes upon any asset of any Company except Liens for Taxes not yet due;
          (g) no Company has received a Tax Ruling (as defined below) or entered into a Closing Agreement (as defined below) with any taxing authority that would have a continuing Material Adverse Effect on the Companies after the Closing Date. “ Tax Ruling ,” as used in this Agreement, shall mean a written ruling of a taxing authority relating to Taxes. “ Closing Agreement ,” as used in this Agreement, shall mean a written and legally binding agreement with a taxing authority relating to Taxes;
          (h) the Stockholders have provided or made available to LTFS complete and accurate copies of (i) all Tax Returns, and any amendments thereto, filed by the Companies covering all years ending on or after December 31, 2003, (ii) all audit reports received from any taxing authority relating to any Tax Return filed by any Company covering all years ending on or after December 31, 2003 and (iii) all powers of attorney currently in force granted by any Company concerning any material Tax matter;

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          (i) no Company is a party to any agreement relating to allocating, sharing or indemnification of Taxes;
          (j) no Company has any liability for any material Taxes of any Person other than such Company (i) under Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of state, local or foreign law), (ii) as a transferee or successor, (iii) by contract or (iv) otherwise;
          (k) no Company has in the past 24-month period constituted a “distributing corporation” in a distribution of stock qualifying for tax-free treatment under Section 355 of the Code;
          (l) no Company has made any payments, is obligated to make any payments, or is a party to any agreement that under certain circumstances could obligate it to make any payment that will not be deductible under Section 280G of the Code;
          (m) no election under Section 338 of the Code (or any predecessor provisions) has been made by or with respect to any Company or any of its assets or properties;
          (n) no Company is required to include in income any adjustment pursuant to Section 481(a) of the Code by reason of a voluntary change in accounting method initiated by such Company, and no Company has any Knowledge that the Internal Revenue Service (the “ IRS ”) has proposed any such adjustment or change in accounting method;
          (o) except as disclosed in Section 2.11(o) of the Company Schedule, no jurisdiction in which a Company does not file a Return has made a claim that such Company is responsible to file a Return in such jurisdiction;
          (p) no property of any Company is “tax-exempt use property” within the meaning of Section 168(h) of the Code, or property that a Company will be required to treat as being owned by another Person pursuant to Section 168(f)(8) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended, in effect immediately prior to the enactment of the Tax Reform Act of 1986; and
          (q) elections regarding “Subchapter S” status or “Qualified Subchapter S Subsidiary” status with respect to United States federal income Taxes have been made for each of the Investacorp Companies; similar elections have been made with respect to similar status in each state in which such elections are permissible and in which the Investacorp Companies are subject to liability for income Taxes; all such elections are valid and in effect and have been continuously in effect, with respect to Investacorp, since July 1, 1987, with respect to IAS, since January 1 , 1997, and with respect to Investacorp Group, Inc., since February 4, 1997; and none of the Investacorp Companies has any liability for United States federal and, for such states, state Taxes, in each case, based on income.
          (r) All registered representatives of any Company are properly classified as independent contractors for tax purposes.

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          (s) The GRAT and Zwigard are each domiciled in the State of Florida for state income tax reporting purposes.
     SECTION 2.12 Consents and Approvals . Except as set forth in Sections 2.2 and 2.3 of the Company Schedule, the execution and delivery of this Agreement by each of the Stockholders and the Companies do not, and the performance of this Agreement by the Stockholders and the Companies will not, require the Companies or the Stockholders to obtain any consent, approval, authorization or permit of, or filing with or notification to, any Governmental Entity or other third party, except where failure to obtain such consents, approvals, authorizations or permits, or to make any such filings or notifications, would not reasonably be expected to prevent a Company from performing any of its obligations or the consummation of the transactions contemplated under this Agreement and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Companies, taken as a whole.
     SECTION 2.13 Employment Agreements and Bonus Plans . Subject to Section 4.6 and except as set forth in Section 2.13 of the Company Schedule, there are no bonus, stock option, incentive or other compensation plans, arrangements, agreements or programs between any of the Companies and any of its employees or registered representatives, including but not limited to any thereof relating to severance, which cannot be terminated by a Company on sixty (60) days notice or less without liability, penalty or premium of $25,000 or more. Attached as an exhibit to Section 2.13 of the Company Schedule is the standard form of agreement entered into by Investacorp with its registered representatives. Investacorp has not deviated from such form of agreement other than for changes relating to compensation or changes that are not materially adverse to Investacorp’s interests. Listed on Section 2.13 of the Company Schedule is each employment agreement that is currently in effect between any Company and any of the Companies’ employees.
     SECTION 2.14 Employee Plans .
          (a) Except as set forth on Section 2.14 of the Company Schedule, none of the Companies maintains or contributes to, has maintained or contributed to or is or was a party to a participating employer in, or a sponsor or contributor to any “employee pension benefit plan,” as defined in Section 3(2) of ERISA (collectively, “ Employee Benefit Plans ”). None of the Companies is a party to any “multiemployer plan” as defined in Section 3(37) of ERISA.
          (b) Except as set forth on Section 2.14 of the Company Schedule or as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Companies, taken as a whole, and except for any compensation plan contemplated to be effectuated by Section 4.6, each Employee Benefit Plan of the Companies (or any of them), (i) except with respect to any Employee Benefit Plan not intended to qualify under Section 401(a) of the Code, has received a determination letter from the IRS to the effect that such plan satisfies the requirements of Section 401(a) of the Code and that any related trust is exempt from tax pursuant to Section 501(a) of the Code; (ii) has been operated in all material respects in accordance with the provisions thereof, ERISA, the Code and all other applicable law; (iii) has not engaged in any Prohibited Transactions (as such term is defined in Section 406 of ERISA) (other than those that are exempt pursuant to statute, regulation or otherwise) which would subject any of the Companies to a

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material liability under Section 4975 of the Code or a penalty under Section 502(i) of ERISA; (iv) has not, since the last annual report filed, been amended so as to materially increase benefits thereunder (other than as a direct or indirect result of changes in applicable law or regulations) or experienced a material increase (more than 20%) in the number of participants covered thereunder; and (v) if terminated on the date hereof with consent of the PBGC, would not subject any of the Companies to liability in excess of $10,000 to the PBGC pursuant to the provisions of Title IV of ERISA.
          (c) Except as set forth in Section 2.14 of the Company Schedule, there are no “employee welfare benefit plans” (as defined in Section 3(1) of ERISA) (“ Employee Welfare Plans ”) maintained by any of the Companies or to which any of the Companies contributes or is required to contribute.
          (d) The Companies have made available to LTFS true and complete copies of the following items with respect to each Employee Benefit Plan and each Employee Welfare Plan of the Companies (i) each plan document; (ii) each related trust document; (iii) each determination letter issued by the IRS relating to qualification of the respective plans under the Code; (iv) the most recently filed annual reports, if any; and (v) the most recent actuarial valuation, if any.
          (e) Each of the Companies has filed all reports and other documents required to be filed with any governmental agency with respect to the Employee Benefit Plans and Employee Welfare Plans of the Companies, or has received currently effective extensions for any such reports and other documents which have not been filed, other than any failure to file which would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect upon the Companies, taken as a whole.
     SECTION 2.15 Insurance Policies . Section 2.15 of the Company Schedule sets forth a complete list of all material insurance policies maintained by the Companies and which are in force as of the date hereof.
     SECTION 2.16 Intangible Rights . Set forth in Section 2.16 of the Company Schedule is a list of all material trademarks, trade names, copyrights and applications therefor owned by or registered in the name of any of the Companies or in which any of the Companies has any rights as licensee or otherwise, and which are presently used in the operation of the Companies’ businesses (other than packaged computer software that is used materially in accordance with the licenses therefor). Except as disclosed in Section 2.16 of the Company Schedule, no interest in any of such material trademarks, trade names, copyrights or applications therefor, or any trade secrets owned or used by any Company, has been assigned, transferred or licensed to any third party by a Company, and, to the Companies’ Knowledge, there is no infringement or asserted infringement by any Company of any trademarks, trade names, copyrights or application therefor of another the effect of which, in either case, individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Companies, taken as a whole. Except as disclosed in Section 2.16 of the Company Schedule, (i) no claim is pending by any of the Companies against others to the effect that the present or past operations of such parties infringe upon or conflict with the rights of such Company, and, to the Companies’ Knowledge, no

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reasonable grounds for such action exist, and (ii) there are no pending or, to the Companies’ Knowledge, threats of cancellations or revocations of any agreement granting to any Company rights under trademarks, trade names, copyrights or “know-how” of others, the effect of which, individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Companies, taken as a whole.
     SECTION 2.17 Title to Properties . Each of the Companies has good title to all its tangible personal properties and assets that are material, individually or in the aggregate, to the business of the Companies. Except for Liens (i) reflected in the Financial Statements or (ii) relating to margin requirements or other borrowings in respect of securities positions, none of such properties and assets is subject to any Lien or adverse claim of any nature whatsoever, direct or indirect, whether accrued, absolute, contingent or otherwise, other than (A) any Lien for Taxes not yet due or delinquent or being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, (B) any statutory Lien arising in the ordinary course of business by operation of law with respect to a liability that is not yet due or delinquent or which are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings (including materialmens’, mechanics’, carriers’, workmens’, repairmens’ or other like Liens arising in the ordinary course of business) and (C) purchase money Liens and Liens securing rental payments under capital or equipment lease arrangements which, individually or in the aggregate with such other Liens, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Companies, taken as a whole. The tangible properties and assets owned or leased by the Companies are, in all material respects, in good operating condition and repair, ordinary wear and tear excepted.
     SECTION 2.18 No Guarantees . Other than as incurred in the ordinary course of business, none of the Companies is a party to or bound by any agreement of guarantee, indemnification, assumption, or endorsement or any other like commitment in an amount in excess of $10,000 in any single instance and $50,000 in the aggregate to satisfy the obligations, liabilities (contingent or otherwise) or indebtedness of any other Person other than another Company.
     SECTION 2.19 Labor Matters . None of the Companies is a party to any collective bargaining agreement or other labor union contract applicable to Persons employed by it in connection with the operation of its business.
     SECTION 2.20 Brokers . No broker, finder or investment banker is entitled to any brokerage, finder’s or other fee or commission in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of the Stockholders or any Company.
     SECTION 2.21 No Illegal or Improper Transactions . Since January 1, 2002, no Stockholder or Company or, to the Companies’ Knowledge any officer, director, employee, registered representative, agent or Affiliate of any of the Companies on behalf thereof has offered, paid or agreed to pay to any Person (including any governmental official), or solicited, received or agreed to receive from any such Person, directly or indirectly, any money or anything of value for the purpose or with the intent of (a) obtaining or maintaining business for a Company, (b) facilitating the purchase or sale of any product or service, or (c) avoiding the

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imposition of any fine or penalty, in each case with respect to items (a), (b) and/or (c), in any manner which is in violation of any applicable ordinance, regulation or law, the effect of which, individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Companies, taken as a whole. To the Companies’ Knowledge, no employee or registered representative of any Company has provided or is providing information to any law enforcement agency regarding the commission or possible commission of any crime, or the violation or possible violation of any applicable law, in each case, by any Company. As of the date hereof, no Person has asserted or, to the Knowledge of Companies, has threatened to assert, any claim for any Proceeding, against any Company arising out of any discharge, demotion, suspension, threat, harassment or any discrimination against an employee or registered representative of such Company because of any act of such employee or registered representative described in 18 U.S.C. § 1514A(a).
     SECTION 2.22 Related Transactions . Except as set forth in Section 2.22 of the Company Schedule and in Section 4.6, and except for compensation to employees and registered representatives for services rendered and brokerage accounts in the ordinary course, no Company or Stockholder or any director, officer, employee, registered representative or shareholder or any associate (as defined in the rules promulgated under the Exchange Act) of any of the Companies is presently, or since January 1, 2002 has been, a party to any material transaction with any of the Companies (including, but not limited to, any contract, agreement or other arrangements providing for the furnishing of services by, or rental of real or personal property from, or otherwise requiring payments to, any such director, officer, employee, registered representative or shareholder or such associate). All transactions set forth in Section 2.22 of the Company Schedule have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the boards of directors and committees thereof of the Companies and the Stockholders, as appropriate.
     SECTION 2.23 Disclosure . No representation or warranty by the Companies contained in this Agreement and no information contained in any Schedule furnished to LTFS by the Companies pursuant to this Agreement contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits a material fact necessary in order to make the statements contained herein or therein not misleading in light of the circumstances in which such statements were made.
     SECTION 2.24 Bank Accounts . Section 2.24 of the Company Schedule sets forth the name of each bank in which any of the Companies has an account or safe deposit box, vault, lock-box or other arrangement, the account number and description of each account at each bank and the names of all Persons authorized to draw thereon or to have access thereto; and the names of all Persons, if any, holding tax or other powers of attorney from any of the Companies other than in the ordinary course of business.
     SECTION 2.25 Certain Brokerage Matters .
          (a) None of the Companies has in effect any “soft dollar” arrangements with any of its customers that do not come within the “safe harbor” provisions of Section 28(e) of the Exchange Act.

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          (b) All sales literature used by the Companies since January 1, 2002 does not contain any misstatement of a material fact and does not omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in the light of the circumstances in which such statements are made.
          (c) Investacorp:
     (i) is a registered broker-dealer with the Commission pursuant to Section 15 of the Exchange Act; a full and complete copy of its Form BD, as amended (the “ Form BD ”) has been made available to LTFS; neither the Form BD nor any amendment thereto contains any untrue statement of material fact or omits to state a material fact required to be stated in order to make the statements contained therein, in the light of the circumstances in which they were made, not misleading;
     (ii) is a member in good standing with FINRA and, except as set forth in Section 2.25(c) of the Company Schedule, there has not been, since January 1, 2002, nor is there currently pending or, to Companies’ Knowledge, threatened in writing, any disciplinary proceeding undertaken by FINRA concerning Investacorp or, to Companies’ Knowledge, any of its officers, directors, registered principals, or registered representatives, in each case, in connection with the performance of his/her duties and/or services for Investacorp;
     (iii) is registered with the Central Registration Depository under CRD Number 7684;
     (iv) is duly registered with the Security Investors Protection Corporation (“ SIPC ”) and has paid or has made adequate provision for the payment of all SIPC assessments as of and through December 31, 2007;
     (v) has been and is in compliance with the applicable net capital provisions of the Exchange Act and the applicable rules of all self-regulatory organizations including, without limitation, all applicable regulatory net capital requirements (including any applicable “early warning” and “expansion-contraction” capital requirements);
     (vi) has adopted record-keeping systems that comply with the requirements of Section 17 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder and the rules of any securities exchange having jurisdiction with regard to it, and maintains its records in accordance therewith;
     (vii) is not, nor is any Affiliate of it, subject to a “statutory disqualification” as defined in Section 3(a)(39) of the Exchange Act, nor is it subject to a disqualification that would be a basis for censure, limitations on the activities, functions or operations of, or suspension or revocation of, its registration as a broker-dealer under Section 15 of the Exchange Act and, to the Companies’ Knowledge, there is no current investigation, whether formal or informal, or whether preliminary or otherwise, that is reasonably likely to result in, any such censure, limitation, suspension or revocation; no “principals” (as

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defined in Section 8a(2) of the Commodity Exchange Act of 1936, as amended) of Investacorp are subject to any of the provisions of Section 8 of the Commodity Exchange Act that would permit the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, subject to the terms of such section, to refuse to register or to suspend or revoke the registration of any of them. For purposes of the definition of “ Affiliate ,” “ control ” (including, with its correlative meanings, “ controlled by ” and “ under common control with ”) shall mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of a subject Person (whether through ownership of securities or partnership or other ownership interests, by contract or otherwise);
     (viii) has a “security entitlement” (as defined in the Uniform Commercial Code) in all securities or investments held or purported to be held by it (except securities sold under repurchase agreements or held in any fiduciary or agency capacity), free and clear of any Lien, except to the extent such securities are pledged in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practices to secure its obligations. Such securities are valued on the books of Investacorp in accordance with U.S. GAAP;
     (ix) except as set forth on Section 2.25(c) of the Company Schedule, does not have any agreements with customers relating to the clearing of futures or securities transactions, the custody of assets or the extension of credit;
     (x) as of December 31, 2006, owes no fees or assessments to any self-regulatory organization or SIPC for which bills have been received by it;
     (xi) is registered as a municipal securities dealer with the Municipal Securities Rule Making Board;
     (xii) is not acting as a specialist unit for any securities on any securities exchange;
     (xiii) currently has in effect a blanket broker-dealer fidelity bond as summarized on Section 2.25(c) of the Company Schedule; and
     (xiv) has filed all of its FOCUS Reports required to be filed by it since January 1, 2002, true copies of which have been made available by the Companies to LTFS. The financial statements of Investacorp filed with such FOCUS Reports have been prepared, in all material respects, in conformity with U.S. GAAP applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods covered thereby and present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Investacorp at the respective dates thereof and its results of operations for the periods covered thereby, except, in each case, (A) as noted on Section 2.25(c) of the Company Schedule, (B) to the extent notes to such Financial Statements or statements of shareholder’s equity and/or cash flows would be required for such conformity to U.S. GAAP, would disclose deviations from U.S. GAAP or would reflect matters that would impact such financial position or results of operations, and (C) that such Financial Statements are subject to normal adjustments that, if made as a result of an audit, would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Companies, taken as a whole.

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          (d) Swaps, etc. All swap, forward future, option, or any similar agreements or arrangements executed or arranged by Investacorp were entered into (i) in accordance with all applicable laws, rules, regulations and regulatory policies and (ii) with counter-parties believed at the time to be financially responsible; and each of them constitutes the valid and legally binding obligation of Investacorp and, to the Companies’ Knowledge, such counter-parties, enforceable in accordance with its terms against Investacorp and, to the Companies’ Knowledge, such counter-parties, except as enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and by general equitable principles (whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law). Neither Investacorp nor, to the Companies’ Knowledge, any other party thereto, is in breach of any of its obligations under any such agreement or arrangement.
          (e) IAS:
     (i) is, and has been at all times, a registered investment advisor with the Commission pursuant to Section 203 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the “ Investment Advisers Act ”). Full and complete copies of its Form ADV, as amended (the “ IAS Form ADV ”) have been made available to LTFS and neither the IAS Form ADV nor any amendment thereto contains any untrue statement of material fact or omits to state a material fact required to be stated in order to make the statements contained therein, in the light of the circumstances in which they were made, not misleading;
     (ii) is not prohibited by any section of the Investment Advisers Act, or the rules and regulations thereunder, from acting as an investment adviser;
     (iii) has not been, nor, to Companies’ Knowledge, has any Affiliate, director, officer, employee or registered representative thereof been, in connection with the performance of his/her duties and/or services for IAS, since January 1, 2002, convicted of any crime or been subject to any disqualification that would be a basis for denial, suspension or revocation of registration of, or limitation of the activities of, an investment adviser under Section 203(e) of the Investment Advisers Act or Rule 206(4)-4(b) thereunder; nor, to the Companies’ Knowledge, is there a current investigation, whether formal or informal, or whether preliminary or otherwise, that is reasonably likely to result in any such denial, suspension, revocation, or limitation;
     (iv) has not been, nor has, to Companies’ Knowledge, any Affiliate, director, officer, employee or registered representative thereof been, in connection with the performance of his/her duties and/or services for IAS, (A) subject to any cease and desist, censure or other disciplinary or similar order issued by, (B) a party to any written agreement, consent agreement, memorandum of understanding or disciplinary agreement with, (C) a party to any commitment letter or similar undertaking to, (D) subject to any order or directive by or (E) a recipient of any supervisory letter from, any Governmental Entity;

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     (v) has not been, nor has, to Companies’ Knowledge, any Affiliate, director, officer, employee or registered representative been, in connection with the performance of his/her duties and/or services for IAS, except as already set forth in IAS Form ADV, subject to any other form of liability or discipline, whatsoever, whether imposed by a Governmental Entity or SRO, which would be required to be disclosed on IAS Form ADV;
     (vi) has adopted a formal code of ethics and policies to prevent insider trading (to the extent required under applicable law). Such code and policies complies, in all material respects, to the extent applicable thereto, with Section 204A of the Investment Advisers Act;
     (vii) is duly registered in any state or other jurisdiction where its business as an investment adviser would require registration, has filed all necessary reports and such reports are accurate and complete in all material respects, and is otherwise in compliance with all laws of the state or other jurisdiction regarding such registration and such business activities;
     (viii) is the only Company required to be registered as an investment adviser in any jurisdiction or with any SRO, and no Affiliate, director, officer, employee or registered representative thereof is, to Companies’ Knowledge, in connection with the performance of his/her duties and/or services for IAS, subject to any material liability or disability by reason of his/her failure to register;
     (ix) has, except as would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company and subject in all events to performance by LTFS of its obligations under Section 4.8, at all times been in compliance with the terms of each investment advisory contract to which it is a party and no event has occurred or condition exists that constitutes, or with notice or the passage of time will constitute, an event of default, except as would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. Each such investment advisory contract complies with the restrictions set forth in Section 205 of the Investment Advisers Act;
     (x) has maintained and preserved books and records that comply with Section 204 of the Investment Advisers Act and the rules promulgated thereunder and has disseminated no advertising material in contravention of Rule 206(4)-1; and
     (xi) Section 2.25(e)(xi) of the Company Schedule sets forth a true and complete listing of each investment advisory contract to which IAS is a party and attached as an exhibit to Section 2.25(e)(xi) of the Company Schedule is the standard form of such investment advisory contract. IAS has not deviated from such form of agreement other than for changes relating to compensation or changes that are not materially adverse to IAS’ interests.

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     SECTION 2.26 VIA Companies . Without limiting the generality of Section 2.8, each of the VIA Companies:
     (i) satisfies, and, to Companies’ Knowledge, each of their employees and registered representatives satisfies, to the extent they are acting as broker-dealers or investment advisers (in particular with respect to the sales of variable contracts, including variable annuities) for any of the Companies, the applicable representations and warranties set forth in paragraphs (c) and (e) of Section 2.25;
     (ii) has complied, to the extent applicable, with NASD Rule 2820 governing the activities of members with regard to the offer and sale of variable contracts and has maintained appropriate compensation records in accordance therewith;
     (iii) has, to the extent applicable, substantially followed the guidelines set forth in NASD IM-2210-2 as it applies to its communications to the public about variable annuities, whether those communications be individualized letters, presentations, sales literature or advertisements;
     (iv) is, to the extent required, licensed as an authorized insurance agency in each jurisdiction in which it presently offers or sells insurance and, to the extent required, each of its employees and independent contractors that offers or sells insurance in such jurisdiction on behalf of the VIA Companies (and solely with respect to his/her offer and sale thereof) is licensed as an authorized insurance agent in such jurisdiction, in each case, for the type of insurance such VIA Company presently offers or sells in such jurisdictions; and meets, and, to Companies’ Knowledge, each of its employees and independent contractors that effectuates such offers and sales meets (and solely with respect to his/her offer and sale thereof), in all material respects, all statutory and regulatory requirements of all applicable Governmental Entities which have jurisdiction over such offers or sales. Section 2.26 of the Company Schedule sets forth each state in which each of the Via Companies is an admitted or non-admitted insurance agent; and for each state in which it is non-admitted, but is required to be admitted, whether it has been approved or disapproved;
     (v) has not, nor has, to Companies’ Knowledge, any employee or independent contractor thereof, been disciplined in any manner by any Governmental Entity for activity related to the offer or sale of insurance by such VIA Company, except as listed in Section 2.26 of the Company Schedule.
     SECTION 2.27 Licensed Employees . The Stockholders have made available to LTFS a true and complete list of all registered representatives of the Companies and other Persons holding securities or insurance licenses in connection with their duties performed for any of the Companies and each state or jurisdiction in which each individual is so registered.
     SECTION 2.28 Restrictions on Business Activities . Except as disclosed in Section 2.28 of the Company Schedule, there is no agreement, commitment, judgment, injunction, order or decree binding specifically upon any Company or its assets or to which a Company is a party which has or could reasonably be expected to have the effect of prohibiting or materially impairing the business practices of such Company as currently conducted or any acquisition of property by the Company that would otherwise be permitted by applicable law, other than such effects, individually or in the aggregate, which would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Companies.

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     SECTION 2.29 Environmental Matters . Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect on the Companies, taken as a whole, (a) no Company has violated or is in violation of any Environmental Law; (b) to the Knowledge of the Companies, none of the real properties currently or formerly leased or operated by any Company (including, without limitation, air, soils and surface and ground waters) is contaminated with any Hazardous Substance; (c) to the Knowledge of the Companies, no Company is actually or alleged in writing to be liable for any off-site contamination by Hazardous Substances; and (d) each Company has all permits, licenses and other authorizations required under any Environmental Law in order to conduct its business as presently conducted.
     SECTION 2.30 Survival of Representations and Warranties . The representations and warranties of the Companies set forth in this Agreement shall survive the Closing but only for and up to a period ending the earlier of (a) eighteen (18) months after the Closing Date and (b) July 1, 2009, except that (i) the representations and warranties in Section 2.1 and Section 2.4 shall survive without limitation as to time, and (ii) the representations and warranties in Section 2.11 shall survive for a period of three (3) years after the Closing Date.
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF LTFS
     Subject to the exceptions set forth on the document annexed hereto, executed by the Parties and identified as the “LTFS Schedule” (the “ LTFS Schedule ”), and except as provided therein, LTFS represents and warrants to the Stockholders as follows:
     SECTION 3.1 Organization of LTFS . LTFS is a corporation duly incorporated, validly existing and in active status under the law of the State of Florida and is qualified to do business in each state where the nature of the business it conducts or the properties it owns, leases or operates requires it to so qualify, except for those states in which any failure by such Company to be so incorporated, validly existing, in good standing and/or qualified could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on LTFS. LTFS has all requisite corporate power to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as now being conducted except where the failure to have such power could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on LTFS.
     SECTION 3.2 Authority and Corporate Action . LTFS has all necessary corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and the LTFS Transaction Documents to which it is a party and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. All corporate action necessary to be taken by LTFS (including by its board of directors and shareholders, as applicable), to authorize the execution, delivery and performance by LTFS of this Agreement and the LTFS Transaction Documents to which it is a party has been duly and validly taken. This Agreement and each of the LTFS Transaction Documents constitutes, or will constitute upon execution and delivery thereof, the valid, binding and enforceable obligation of LTFS,

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enforceable against LTFS in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer or similar laws of general application now or hereafter in effect affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and by general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding at law or in equity).
     SECTION 3.3 No Conflicts, etc . Subject to receipt of the approvals and filings set forth in Section 3.3 of the LTFS Schedule, neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement by LTFS or of any LTFS Transaction Document by LTFS to the extent a party thereto, nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, will (i) conflict with, result in a breach or violation of or constitute (or with notice of lapse of time or both constitute) a default under, (A) the certificate or articles of incorporation or by-laws (or similar constituent documents) of LTFS or (B) any applicable law, statute, regulation, order, judgment or decree or any instrument, contract or other agreement to which LTFS is a party or by which LTFS or any of its properties is subject or bound, except where any such conflict, breach, violation or default, singly or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect upon LTFS; (ii) result in the creation of, or give any third party the right to create any Lien upon the assets of LTFS or any of its subsidiaries (including, from and after the Closing, the Companies), except as provided for in this Agreement or the Pledge Agreement or where such Lien, singly or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect upon LTFS; (iii) terminate or modify, or give any third party the right to terminate or modify, the provisions or terms of any contract to which LTFS is a party, except where such termination or modification, singly or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect upon LTFS; or (iv) result in any suspension, revocation, forfeiture or nonrenewal of any permit, license, qualification, authorization or approval applicable to LTFS or any of its subsidiaries (including, from and after the Closing, the Companies), except where such suspension, revocation, impairment, forfeiture or nonrenewal, singly or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect upon LTFS.
     SECTION 3.4 Consents and Approvals . Except as set forth in Section 3.4 of the LTFS Schedule, the execution and delivery of this Agreement by LTFS and of the LTFS Transaction Documents by LTFS to the extent a party thereto do not, and the performance of this Agreement and the LTFS Transaction Documents by LTFS to the extent a party hereto and thereto will not, require LTFS or any Affiliate thereof to obtain any consent, approval, authorization or other permit from, or to make any filing with or notification to, any Governmental Entity or other third party, except where failure to obtain such consents, approvals, authorizations or permits, or to make such filings or notifications, would not reasonably be expected to prevent the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and/or LTFS from performing any of its obligations under this Agreement or any such LTFS Transaction Document.

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     SECTION 3.5 Financial Statements and Certain Financial Matters .
          (a) SEC Reports; Financial Statements . True and complete copies of all forms, reports, schedules, registration statements, proxy statements and other documents filed by LTFS with the Commission (as such documents have been amended since the time of their filing, and including any such documents filed subsequent to the date of this Agreement, collectively, the “ LTFS SEC Filings ”) are available on the Commission’s website. Each of the LTFS SEC Filings, as of its filing date, complied in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the Securities Act, as the case may be, and the applicable rules and regulations rules and regulations promulgated by the Commission with respect thereto and did not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements contained therein not misleading in light of the circumstances in which such statements were made. The LTFS SEC Filings constitute all of the reports under the Exchange Act that were required to be filed by LTFS as of the date hereof since January 1, 2002 and LTFS has otherwise complied with all material requirements of the Securities Act and Exchange Act and the applicable rules and regulations rules and regulations promulgated by the Commission with respect thereto. The unaudited consolidated financial statements of the LTFS Companies included in the LTFS SEC Filings for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and the audited consolidated financial statements of the LTFS Companies included in the LTFS SEC Filings for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2006, December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 (the “ LTFS Financial Statements ”) comply as to form in all material respects with all applicable accounting requirements and the published rules and regulations of the Commission with respect thereto, and the LTFS Financial Statements have been prepared from and in accordance with the books and records of LTFS and in accordance with U.S. GAAP applied on a consistent basis during the periods covered, except as may be indicated in the notes thereto, subject to normal year-end audit adjustments in the case of all financial statements that are interim or unaudited financial statements, and fairly present the financial condition of the LTFS Companies as of their respective dates and the results of operations and cash flows of the LTFS Companies for the periods covered thereby in accordance with U.S. GAAP in all material respects.
          (b) Books and Records . The books of account and other similar financial books and records of the LTFS Companies have been maintained, in all material respects, in accordance with good business practice in the industry in which the LTFS Companies operate, are complete and correct in all material respects and there have been no material transactions that are required by either applicable regulatory requirements or by good business practice in the industry in which the Companies operate to be set forth therein and which have not been so set forth. Copies of all such books and records have been made available to the Companies.
     SECTION 3.6 Disclosure . No representation or warranty by LTFS contained in this Agreement and no information contained in any Schedule furnished to the Stockholders and the Companies by LTFS pursuant to this Agreement contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits a material fact necessary in order to make the statements contained herein or therein not misleading in light of the circumstances in which such statements were made.

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     SECTION 3.7 Financing . At Closing, LTFS will have sufficient immediately available funds to pay the Purchase Price to the Stockholders in accordance with this Agreement
     SECTION 3.8 Brokers . No broker, finder or investment banker is entitled to any brokerage, finder’s or other fee or commission in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of any LTFS Company.
     SECTION 3.9 Investment . LTFS acknowledges and agrees that the Company Stock has not been registered under the Securities Act or under any Blue Sky Laws, and LTFS represents and warrants that it is acquiring the Company Stock for its own account for investment purposes, and not with a view to the distribution thereof.
     SECTION 3.10 Survival of Representations and Warranties . The representations and warranties of LTFS set forth in this Agreement shall survive the Closing but only for and up to a period ending the earlier of (a) eighteen (18) months after the Closing Date and (b) July 1, 2009, except that the representations and warranties in Section 3.1 shall survive without limitation as to time.
ARTICLE IV
COVENANTS
     SECTION 4.1 Conduct of Business . Subject to and except as contemplated in Section 4.6, during the period from the date of this Agreement and continuing until the earlier of the termination of this Agreement pursuant to its terms or the Closing, each Company shall, except as required or permitted by the terms of this Agreement or any of the other Transaction Documents and/or except to the extent that LTFS shall otherwise consent in writing, carry on its business in the usual, regular and ordinary course consistent with past practices, in substantially the same manner as heretofore conducted, pay its debts and taxes when due subject to good faith disputes over such debts or taxes, pay or perform other material obligations when due, and use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with past practices and policies to (i) preserve substantially intact its present business organization, (ii) keep available the services of its present officers, employees and registered representatives, (iii) maintain the historical level of each component of working capital and (iv) preserve its relationships with customers, suppliers, distributors, licensors, licensees, employees, registered representatives, associates and others with which it has significant business dealings. In addition, except as required or permitted by the terms of this Agreement or any of the other Transaction Documents (including in Section 4.6 and/or in Schedule 4.6 ), without the prior written consent of LTFS, during the period from the date of this Agreement and continuing until the earlier of the termination of this Agreement pursuant to its terms or the Closing, each Company shall not:
          (a) pledge, sell, transfer, dispose of or otherwise encumber or grant any rights or interests to any third party of any kind with respect to all or any part of its capital stock or enter into any discussions or negotiations with any third party to do so;

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          (b) pledge, sell, lease, transfer, dispose of or otherwise encumber any of its material property or assets other than consistent with past practices and in the ordinary course of business or enter into any discussions or negotiations with any third party to do so;
          (c) issue any shares of capital stock, any securities convertible into or exchangeable for capital stock or any other class of securities, whether debt or equity;
          (d) declare any dividend or make any distribution in cash, securities or otherwise on the outstanding shares of capital stock or directly or indirectly redeem or purchase any such capital stock;
          (e) in any manner whatsoever, advance, transfer or distribute to a Stockholder or any of a Stockholder’s Affiliates or otherwise withdraw cash or cash equivalents in any manner inconsistent with established cash management practices;
          (f) make, agree to make or announce any general wage or salary increase or enter into any employment contract or, unless provided or contracted for on or before the date of this Agreement, increase the compensation payable or to become payable to any officer, employee or registered representative or adopt or increase the benefits of any bonus, insurance, pension or other employee benefit plan, payment or arrangement, except for those increases, consistent with past practices or as normally occurring as the result of regularly scheduled compensation reviews of non-officer administrative personnel;
          (g) make any capital expenditures in excess of $50,000 in the aggregate;
          (h) amend its certificates or articles of incorporation or by-laws;
          (i) merge or consolidate with, or acquire all or substantially all of the assets of, or otherwise acquire any business operations of, any Person;
          (j) waive or compromise a valuable right or material debt;
          (k) give satisfaction or discharge of any Lien or claim;
          (l) make any material change to a material contract or arrangement by which it or any of its assets is bound or subject;
          (m) enter into any transaction of the type referred to in Section 2.22 (subject to the exceptions set forth therein) that is not reasonably satisfactory to LTFS;
          (n) make any loans or guarantees to or for the benefit of its employees, registered representatives, holders of its capital stock, officers, or directors, or any members of their immediate families, other than travel advances and other advances made in the ordinary course of its business;
          (o) accelerate the recognition of revenues or defer the recognition of expenses other than in accordance with U.S. GAAP and consistent with past practices; or
          (p) enter into any agreement to effectuate any of the foregoing.

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     SECTION 4.2 Access to Information . Each Party will each afford the other Party and its financial advisors, accountants, counsel and other representatives reasonable access during normal business hours, upon reasonable notice, to the properties, books, records and personnel of such other Party during the period prior to the Closing to obtain all information concerning the business, including properties, results of operations and personnel of such Party, as the first Party may reasonably request. In furtherance of its obligations pursuant to this Section 4.2, each Party will, and will cause its auditors to, (a) continue to provide the other Party and its advisors full access to all of its financial information used in the preparation of its financial statements and other financial information furnished to such other Party and (b) cooperate fully with any reviews performed by such other Party or its advisors of any such financial statements or information.
     SECTION 4.3 No Other Negotiations . Until the earlier of the Closing or the termination of this Agreement, no Stockholder, Company or any of their Affiliates will (a) solicit, encourage, directly or indirectly, any inquiries, discussions or proposals for, (b) continue, propose or enter into any negotiations or discussions looking toward or (c) enter into any agreement or understanding providing for any acquisition of any capital stock of any Company or, except in the ordinary course of business, any part of a Company’s assets, nor shall any Stockholder, Company or any of their Affiliates provide any information to any Person for the purpose of evaluating or determining whether to make or pursue any such inquiries or proposals with respect to any such acquisition. The Stockholders and the Companies shall immediately notify LTFS of any such inquiries or proposals or requests for information for such purpose. Each Company shall use its best efforts to cause its directors, officers, employees, agents and Representatives to comply with the provisions of this Section 4.3.
     SECTION 4.4 Disclosure of Certain Matters . During the period from the date hereof through the Closing Date, except as prohibited by law, the Stockholders, on the one hand, and LTFS, on the other hand, shall give the other prompt written notice of any event or development known to such Party that (a) had it existed or been known on the date hereof would have been required to be disclosed by it under this Agreement, (b) would cause any of its representations and warranties contained herein to be inaccurate or otherwise misleading, (c) could reasonably be expected to result in any of the conditions to LTFS’ obligations (in the case of the Stockholders), or the Stockholders’ and the Companies’ obligations (in the case of LTFS), set forth in Article V not being satisfied or (d) constitutes a Material Adverse Effect on the Companies (in the case of the Stockholders) or the LTFS Companies (in the case of LTFS), in each case, taken as a whole. The Party preparing and delivering a Disclosure Schedule shall have the obligation to supplement or amend such Disclosure Schedule with respect to any matter hereafter arising or discovered which, if existing or known at the date of this Agreement, would have been required to be set forth or described in such Disclosure Schedule. The obligations of each Party to amend or supplement its respective Disclosure Schedule shall terminate on the Closing Date. Notwithstanding any such amendment or supplementation, for purposes of Sections 5.2(a), 5.3(a), 6.1, 6.2, 7.1(c) and 7.1(d), the representations and warranties of the Parties shall be made with reference to the Disclosure Schedules as they exist at the time of execution of this Agreement, subject to such anticipated changes as are set forth in Section 4.6, Schedule 4.1 , Schedule 4.6 or otherwise expressly contemplated by any of the Transaction Documents.

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     SECTION 4.5 Required Information . In connection with the preparation of reports that either Party may be required to file under the Exchange Act, press releases, and for such other reasonable purposes, the Stockholders and the Companies, on the one hand, and LTFS, on the other hand, each shall, upon request by the other, furnish the other with all information concerning themselves, their respective directors, officers and stockholders and such other matters as may be reasonably necessary or advisable in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, or any other statement, filing, notice or application made by or on behalf of LTFS or any Company to any third party and/or any Governmental Entity in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Each Party warrants and represents to the other Party that all such information, to the extent provided or delivered for purposes of the preparation of press releases or reports required to be filed under the Exchange Act or any other regulatory filings required to be effectuated, shall be true and correct in all material respects and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements contained therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
     SECTION 4.6 Adoption of Compensation Plan Prior to Closing . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the Parties hereby agree that the Investacorp Companies (or any of them) shall have the right, exercisable in their sole and absolute discretion, to adopt and perform under a compensation plan with respect to one or more of the Persons identified on Schedule 4.6 (the “ Participants ”), providing for the payment by such Investacorp Companies of bonuses to such Persons in such amounts and on such terms as are set forth on the formal bonus plan annexed to such Schedule (such plan, the “ Pre-Closing Compensation Plan ”). In order to enable the effectuation of such Pre-Closing Compensation Plan and to enable the Parties to complete the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the Parties agree that each of the Investacorp Companies (or any of them) and each of the Stockholders has the right to take such actions prior to Closing, including the making of one or more capital contributions by such Stockholders in order to fund the Pre-Closing Compensation Plan, including without limitation employers’ payroll taxes in connection therewith (collectively, the “ Zwigard Contribution ”), and the execution and delivery, by and on behalf of such Investacorp Companies, of such further agreements, documents, certificates, instruments and amendments (including “Deferred Bonus Agreements” (as defined in the Pre-Closing Compensation Plan) with each of the Participants), in each case, as may be necessary, convenient and/or desirable, in their reasonable discretion, in order to carry out the intentions and purposes of this Section 4.6 prior to the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The Parties acknowledge and agree that any payments required to be made by the Companies under the Pre-Closing Compensation Plan shall be unconditionally paid on or prior to the Closing and that, following the Closing, none of the Companies or LTFS or, with respect to the Companies, any of the Participants, shall have any obligations under the Pre-Closing Compensation Plan, including, without limitation employer’s payroll taxes in connection therewith. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the Parties acknowledge

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and agree that the foregoing (including the effectuation of Pre-Closing Compensation Plan and the Zwigard Contribution and the entry into “Deferred Bonus Agreements” (as defined in the Pre-Closing Compensation Plan) with each of the Participants) will not in any event constitute breaches or violations of any of the representations, warranties, covenants and/or agreements contained in this Agreement (including for purposes of Articles 5 or 6).
     SECTION 4.7 Additional Agreements and Pre-Closing Matters . On or prior to the Closing, the Parties and/or certain other Persons shall execute and deliver to each other the following:
          (a) an Employment Agreement between Investacorp and Zwigard in the form of Exhibit C to be effective as of immediately following the Closing (the “ Employment Agreement ”); and
          (b) a Stock Option Agreement between LTFS and Zwigard in the form of Exhibit D to be effective as of immediately following the Closing (the “ Stock Option Agreement ”).
     For Federal, state and local Tax purposes, the Parties agree to allocate a portion of the Purchase Price equal to $50,000 to the restrictive covenants of Zwigard set forth in the Employment Agreement. The Parties will report the purchase of the Company Stock and the restrictive covenants of Zwigard set forth in the Employment Agreement in accordance with this Section 4.7 on all Federal, state and local Tax returns and reports, and will not take any position that is inconsistent with this Section 4.7 during any Tax examination, appeal or related judicial proceeding without the prior written consent of the other Party. The Stockholders agree and acknowledge that LTFS considers the restrictive covenants of Zwigard set forth in the Employment Agreement an integral part of the consideration motivating LTFS to enter into this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby. The Stockholders agree and acknowledge that the portion of the Purchase Price hereinabove agreed to be allocated to the restrictive covenants of Zwigard set forth in the Employment Agreement is set for Tax purposes only and is not intended to limit or affect in any way, the remedies or damages, including without limitation, monetary damages, that may be asserted or collected upon any breach by Zwigard thereof.
     SECTION 4.8 Regulatory and Other Authorizations.
          (a) LTFS will, at its sole cost and expense, identify and timely and duly prepare, make and provide all necessary filings, notifications, documentation and information, and use its best efforts to timely and duly obtain all authorizations, consents, orders, permits and approvals of all federal, state and other regulatory bodies and officials (including FINRA, state insurance regulators and all other applicable Governmental Entities), and all other applicable third parties, that are required for the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (including those listed on Section 3.3 and/or Section 3.4 of the LTFS Schedule and on Section 2.2 , Section 2.3 and/or Section 2.12 of the Company Schedule).

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          (b) LTFS will provide prompt notification to Zwigard when any such filing, notification, information, authorization, consent, order, permit or approval required to be obtained, made or given under Section 4.8(a) is obtained, made or given, as applicable. Each Party will advise the others of any communications (and, unless precluded by law, provide copies of any such communications that are in writing) with any governmental or regulatory authority regarding any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any of the other Transaction Documents. The Stockholders will cooperate reasonably with LTFS in connection with obtaining, making or providing, as applicable, all of such filings, notifications, information, authorizations, consents, orders, permits or approvals.
     SECTION 4.9 Best Efforts . From the date hereof to the Closing, each Party shall use its best efforts to take, or cause to be taken, all actions, and do, or cause to be done, and assist and cooperate with the other Parties in doing, all things necessary, proper or advisable to consummate and make effective, in the most expeditious manner practicable, the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including the following: (a) the taking of all reasonable acts necessary to cause the conditions precedent set forth in Article V to be satisfied, (b) the obtaining of all necessary actions, waivers, consents, approvals, orders and authorizations from Governmental Entities required to be obtained hereunder and the making of all necessary registrations, declarations and filings (including registrations, declarations and filings with Governmental Entities, if any) and the taking of all reasonable steps as may be necessary to avoid any suit, claim, action, investigation or proceeding by any Governmental Entity, (c) the defending of any suits, claims, actions, investigations or proceedings, whether judicial or administrative, challenging this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, including seeking to have any stay or temporary restraining order entered by any court or other Governmental Entity vacated or reversed, and (d) the execution or delivery of any additional instruments reasonably necessary to consummate the transactions contemplated by, and to fully carry out the purposes of, this Agreement. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, nothing in this Agreement shall be deemed to require any Party to agree to any divestiture by itself or any of its Affiliates of shares of capital stock or of any business, assets or property, or the imposition of any material limitation on the ability of any of them to conduct their business or to own or exercise control of such assets, properties and stock.
     SECTION 4.10 Directorship . LTFS shall, at its sole cost and expense, at all times that Zwigard shall serve as a director of any of the LTFS Companies (including each and any of the Companies) (including any and all successors thereof), include Zwigard as an insured person under any directors & officers’ liability (D&O) insurance coverage on the same terms as the other directors of LTFS.
     SECTION 4.11 Public Disclosure . From the date of this Agreement until the earlier of the date of filing of the Consummation 8-K (or any later amendment thereof) or termination of this Agreement, the Parties shall cooperate in good faith to jointly prepare all press releases and public announcements pertaining to this Agreement and the transactions governed by it, and no Party shall issue or otherwise make any public announcement or communication pertaining to this Agreement or the transaction without the prior consent of LTFS (in the case of the Stockholders and the Companies) or Zwigard (in the case of LTFS), except, subject to the

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following sentence, as required by law or by the rules and regulations of the AMEX or FINRA. If any Party determines with the advice of counsel that it is required to make this Agreement and the terms or consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby public, or otherwise issue a press release or make public disclosure with respect thereto, it shall, at a reasonable time before making any public disclosure, consult and cooperate in good faith with the other Party regarding such disclosure. This provision will not apply to communications by any Party to its Representatives. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Parties agree that (i) as promptly as practicable after the execution of this Agreement and, in all events within the statutorily required period, LTFS will prepare and file a Current Report on Form 8-K pursuant to the Exchange Act to report the execution of this Agreement (the “ Execution 8-K ”), and (ii) as promptly as practicable after the Closing and, in all events within the statutorily required period, LTFS will prepare and file another Current Report on Form 8-K pursuant to the Exchange Act to report the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (the “ Consummation 8-K ” and, together with the Execution 8-K and any other Form 8-K filed with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the “ Forms 8-K ”). LTFS shall provide Zwigard, sufficiently in advance of each filing, the opportunity to review and comment on drafts of each of the Forms 8-K and of each amendment thereto, and LTFS shall use commercially reasonable efforts to incorporate, to the fullest reasonable extent, Zwigard’s comments thereto. Any language included in a filing of such Forms 8-K (or of any amendment thereof) that reflects Zwigard’s comments with respect to such filing, as well as any text as to which Zwigard has not commented upon being given a reasonable opportunity to comment with respect to such filing, shall be deemed to have been approved by Zwigard.
     SECTION 4.12 Tax Matters .
          (a) Tax Returns . LTFS, at its sole cost and expense, shall cause each of the Companies to prepare or cause to be prepared and file or cause to be filed all Tax returns of the Companies for all periods ending on or prior to the Closing Date that are filed after the Closing Date (each, a “ Short Year Return ”). LTFS shall allow the Stockholders to review and comment on each such Tax returns described in the preceding sentence prior to filing and shall adopt in such returns all comments of the Stockholders so long as: (i) such comments do not result in a finding or admission of any violation by the Companies of any Law or Order, and (ii) the Stockholders pay all Taxes that are required to be paid in accordance with such returns. LTFS will use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Companies to incorporate all other comments of the Stockholders into such returns.
          (b) Control of Contest . The Stockholders shall have the right, at their own expense, to control any audit, investigation or examination by any taxing authority, initiate any claim for refund or amended Tax return and contest, resolve and defend against any assessment, deficiency or other adjustment or proposed adjustment of Taxes for any taxable period ending on or prior to the Closing Date for which the Stockholders are charged with liability for payment of Tax under this Agreement; provided, that LTFS shall have the right to participate on the Companies’ behalf, at its sole cost and expense, and (a) LTFS’s consent (not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed) shall be required for any settlement of such matter, except that such consent shall not be required if (1) there is no finding or admission of any violation by the

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Companies of any Law or Order, and (2) the sole relief provided is monetary damages that are paid in full by the Stockholders and (b) the Stockholders will have no liability with respect to any settlement of such matters effected without their consent (not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed). Each Party will allow the other and its counsel and its accountants (at its own expense) to be represented during any audits of Tax returns to the extent that disputed items therein relate to the Companies. LTFS shall undertake or authorize actions of the Companies as reasonably requested by the Stockholders with respect to this Section 4.12(b).
          (c) General . Each of LTFS and the Stockholders shall provide the other with the right to have reasonable access to personnel, and to copy and use, any records or information that may be relevant in connection with the preparation of any Tax returns, any audit or other examination by any taxing authority or any litigation relating to liability for Taxes. Information required in the filing of any Tax return shall be provided to the other Party not less than thirty (30) days before such Tax return is due. The Stockholders and LTFS shall retain all records relating to Taxes for as long as the statute of limitations with respect thereto shall remain open.
          (d) Code §338(h)(10) Election . Subject in all events to Section 4.12(d)(vi) below, the Parties agree as follows:
     (i) Upon the written request (the “ 338(h)(10) Election Request ”) by LTFS given to the Stockholders at least ninety (90) days prior to the earlier to occur of the due date for filing of the 338(h)(10) Election and the due date (including an automatic extension period) for filing of the Short Year Return (the earlier to occur of the foregoing filing deadlines is hereinafter referred to as the “ Filing Deadline ”), each Stockholder shall join with LTFS and the Investacorp Companies in making an election under Code §338(h)(10) (and any corresponding election under state, local, and foreign Tax law) with respect to the purchase and sale of the Investacorp Companies’ stock hereunder (collectively, a “ 338(h)(10) Election ”). The Stockholders shall include any income, gain, loss, deduction, or other tax item resulting from the 338(h)(10) Election on their Tax returns to the extent required by applicable law.
     (ii) If LTFS, the Investacorp Companies and the Stockholders make the 338(h)(10) Election, LTFS and the Stockholders agree that the Purchase Price (plus other relevant items) will be allocated to the assets of the Investacorp Companies for all purposes (including Tax and financial accounting) in a manner consistent with Code §§338 and 1060 and the regulations thereunder and the 338(h)(10) Allocation Schedule attached hereto as Schedule 4.12(d) . LTFS and the Stockholders shall file all Tax returns (including amended returns and claims for refund) and information reports in a manner consistent with such allocations.
     (iii) If LTFS, the Investacorp Companies and the Stockholders make the 338(h)(10) Election, LTFS shall reimburse and pay to the Stockholders, in the time and manner provided below in Section 4.12(d)(v), any additional Tax liability imposed upon the Stockholders pursuant to the Code, and any similar Tax that may be imposed in lieu thereof or in addition thereto in connection with

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the 338(h)(10) Election by LTFS, the Investacorp Companies and the Stockholders, in excess of the Tax obligation that would have been imposed on the Stockholders had the 338(h)(10) Election not been made and the Stockholders had been taxed solely on the sale of the Company Stock with respect to the Investacorp Companies (the “ 338(h)(10) Adjustment ”).
     (iv) To the extent a 338(h)(10) Adjustment constitutes income to the Stockholders subject to federal, state or local income and/or employment or other Taxes, the 338(h)(10) Adjustment shall be increased to and include the amount computed under the Gross-Up Formula, as defined and provided below (each, as increased, a “ Grossed-Up 338(h)(10) Adjustment ”; collectively, the “ Grossed-Up 338(h)(10) Adjustments ”). Each Grossed-Up 338(h)(10) Adjustment shall be in the amount computed under the following formula (the “ Gross-Up Formula ”): Divide the gross taxable amount of each 338(h)(10) Adjustment to a Stockholder by a number equal to one minus the highest combined marginal U.S. federal income tax rate plus any other applicable tax rates (e.g., FICA, Medicare and employment (self and otherwise) tax rates) payable by the Stockholders as a result of the 338(h)(10) Adjustment or such other combined tax rates that are similar to or replace such combined tax rates applicable to such Stockholder that are in effect at the time each such 338(h)(10) Adjustment is made. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Gross-Up Formula above, (i) the Parties agree that an adjustment for any overpayment of FICA, Medicare and employment (self and otherwise) Taxes shall be made to a Grossed-Up 338(h)(10) Adjustment to take into account the extent (if any) to which all or a portion of either Stockholder’s FICA, Medicare and employment (self and otherwise) Taxes has been previously paid by such Stockholder in order to avoid any double payment thereof and (ii) if a 338(h)(10) Adjustment is taxable, in whole or in part, at the long-term capital gains rate (excluding any FICA, Medicare or employment Taxes) that is in effect at the applicable time rather than at the highest combined marginal U.S. federal income tax rate, then the Gross-Up Formula shall be adjusted to provide that such long-term capital gains rate shall be used for all or such portion of the 338(h)(10) Adjustment that is taxable at such long-term capital gains rate. For example, if a $100.00 338(h)(10) Adjustment is subject to the Gross-Up Formula and it is taxable at the ordinary income tax rate, and the highest combined marginal tax rate applicable to such Stockholder at such time (including federal income tax rates and all other applicable tax rates (e.g., FICA, Medicare and employment (self and otherwise) tax rates)) is 40%, the 338(h)(10) Adjustment shall be increased under the Gross-Up Formula to, and the Grossed-Up 338(h)(10) Adjustment shall be, $166.67. Alternatively, if a $100.00 338(h)(10) Adjustment is subject to the Gross-Up Formula and it is taxable at the long-term capital gains rate, and the long-term capital gains rate applicable to such Stockholder at such time (excluding any FICA, Medicare or employment Taxes) is 15%, the 338(h)(10) Adjustment shall be increased under the Gross-Up Formula to, and the Grossed-Up 338(h)(10) Adjustment shall be, $117.65. In addition, any interest or penalties imposed against a Stockholder by any federal, state or local taxing

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authority as a result of any increase in the Tax liability owed by such Stockholder due to a change in the allocation of Purchase Price amongst the assets of the Investacorp Companies deemed to be purchased (other than a change in the portion of the Purchase Price allocated to the restrictive covenants of Zwigard set forth in the Employment Agreement pursuant to Section 4.7) shall be paid or reimbursed by LTFS and increased by the Gross-Up Formula (the “ Grossed-Up Penalties and Interest Payment ”) in the time and manner provided below in Section 4.12(d)(v) or, if later, when imposed.
     (v) Within thirty (30) days after the receipt by the Stockholders’ of the 338(h)(10) Election Request, the Stockholders shall calculate the amount of the 338(h)(10) Adjustment and the Grossed-Up 338(h)(10) Adjustment (such calculated amount shall be collectively the “ Calculated 338(h)(10) Adjustments ”), if any, for each such Stockholder pursuant to Section 4.12(d)(iv) above and provide such calculation to LTFS for LTFS’s review. LTFS shall have the right to review such calculation of the Calculated 338(h)(10) Adjustments for each such Stockholder and object to it to the extent LTFS disagrees with the Calculated 338(h)(10) Adjustments as a result of such payments being inconsistent with the provisions of Section 4.12(d)(iv) above. If LTFS does not object to the Calculated 338(h)(10) Adjustments by written instrument delivered to the Stockholders’ within fifteen (15) days after receipt of such calculation, LTFS shall be deemed to have agreed to the Calculated 338(h)(10) Adjustments. If LTFS timely objects to the Calculated 338(h)(10) Adjustments by written instrument delivered to the Stockholders’ within fifteen (15) days after receipt of such calculation, the Parties shall immediately attempt in good faith to resolve such dispute. If LTFS and the Stockholders cannot agree upon the amount of the Calculated 338(h)(10) Adjustments within ten (10) days after commencement of negotiations with respect thereto, such dispute shall be submitted to the CPA for final and binding determination. Upon the final determination with respect to the Calculated 338(h)(10) Adjustments, whether by agreement (or deemed agreement) of the Parties or determination by the CPA, such determination shall be final, binding and non-appealable and, as directed by such determination, LTFS shall pay to the Stockholders (or their designees) any and all amounts owed thereto within the earlier to occur of five (5) business days thereafter, or five (5) business days prior to the Filing Deadline. LTFS will pay the Grossed-Up Penalties and Interest Payment to the Stockholders no less than five (5) business days prior to the date that the amount is payable to the appropriate taxing authorities after final determination of any penalties or interest has been made.
     (vi) Notwithstanding anything hereinabove specified to the contrary, it is specifically understood and agreed that the Stockholders shall not be considered to have agreed hereunder to the making of the 338(h)(10) Election, nor shall they join in making such election, nor in any event shall LTFS or any of the Investacorp Companies file or make the 338(h)(10) Election, until LTFS shall have paid in full to the Stockholders the Calculated 338(h)(10) Adjustments, as finally determined pursuant to the preceding sub-section.

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     SECTION 4.13 Conduct of IAS Business between the Closing Date and the IAS Transfer Date . During the period from the Closing Date and continuing until the IAS Transfer Date, IAS shall, except as required or permitted by the terms of this Agreement or any of the other Transaction Documents and/or except to the extent that LTFS shall otherwise consent (whether or not in writing, including in connection with LTFS’ performance of the Services under Section 4.14), carry on its business in the usual, regular and ordinary course consistent with past practices, in substantially the same manner as heretofore conducted, pay its debts and taxes when due subject to good faith disputes over such debts or taxes, pay or perform other material obligations when due, and use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with past practices and policies to (i) preserve substantially intact its present business organization, (ii) keep available the services of its present officers and employees, and (iii) preserve its relationships with customers, suppliers, distributors, licensors, licensees, employees, associates and others with which it has significant business dealings. In addition, except as required or permitted by the terms of this Agreement or any of the other Transaction Documents, and except to the extent that LTFS shall otherwise consent (whether or not in writing, including in connection with LTFS’ performance of the Services under Section 4.14), during the period from the Closing Date until the IAS Transfer Date, IAS shall not:
          (a) pledge, sell, transfer, dispose of or otherwise encumber or grant any rights or interests to any third party of any kind with respect to all or any part of its capital stock or enter into any discussions or negotiations with any third party to do so;
          (b) pledge, sell, lease, transfer, dispose of or otherwise encumber any of its property or assets other than consistent with past practices and in the ordinary course of business or enter into any discussions or negotiations with any third party to do so;
          (c) issue any shares of capital stock, any securities convertible into or exchangeable for capital stock or any other class of securities, whether debt or equity;
          (d) declare any dividend or make any distribution in cash, securities or otherwise on the outstanding shares of capital stock or directly or indirectly redeem or purchase any such capital stock;
          (e) in any manner whatsoever, advance, transfer or distribute to a Stockholder or any of a Stockholder’s Affiliates or otherwise withdraw cash or cash equivalents in any manner inconsistent with established cash management practices;
          (f) make, agree to make or announce any general wage or salary increase or enter into any employment contract or, unless provided or contracted for on or before the date of this Agreement, increase the compensation payable or to become payable to any officer or employee or adopt or increase the benefits of any bonus, insurance, pension or other employee benefit plan, payment or arrangement, except for those increases, consistent with past practices or as normally occurring as the result of regularly scheduled compensation reviews of non-officer administrative personnel;

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          (g) make any capital expenditures;
          (h) amend its certificates or articles of incorporation or by-laws;
          (i) merge or consolidate with, or acquire all or substantially all of the assets of, or otherwise acquire any business operations of, any Person;
          (j) waive or compromise any valuable right or debt;
          (k) give satisfaction or discharge of any Lien or claim;
          (l) make any change to any material contract or arrangement by which it or any of its assets is bound or subject;
          (m) enter into any transaction of the type referred to in Section 2.22 (subject to the exceptions set forth therein);
          (n) make any loans or guarantees to or for the benefit of its employees, holders of its capital stock, officers, or directors, or any members of their immediate families, other than travel advances and other advances made in the ordinary course of its business;
          (o) accelerate the recognition of revenues or defer the recognition of expenses other than in accordance with U.S. GAAP and consistent with past practices; or
          (p) enter into any agreement to effectuate any of the foregoing.
The Parties acknowledge that, subsequent to the Closing and prior to the IAS Transfer Date, LTFS may need access to information, documents, or computer data in the control or possession of IAS, and may need to review and/or copy documents or other information relating to the Companies for purposes of concluding or evidencing the transactions contemplated herein and for audits, investigations, compliance with requirements, rules and requests of Governmental Entities, and the prosecution or defense of third-party claims. Accordingly, after the Closing Date and prior to the IAS Transfer Date, IAS will make available, during normal business hours and in such manner as will not unreasonably disrupt the operations of IAS, to LTFS and its agents and independent auditors such documents and information as may be available relating to the Companies and will permit LTFS to make copies thereof at LTFS’ expense.

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     SECTION 4.14 Consulting Services/Working Capital Loans .
          (a) IAS hereby retains LTFS to provide consulting and related assistance to IAS (the “ Services ”) at the request of IAS with respect to all aspects of the operation of IAS’ business, for the period commencing on the Closing Date and terminating on the IAS Transfer Date. As full compensation for LTFS’ performance of the Services, IAS shall pay LTFS a consulting fee (the “Consulting Fee”) equal to the amount equal to (A) all revenues arising from the operation of IAS’ business during such period, less (B) any and all expenses, including taxes, interest and other expenses, paid and/or accrued on account of the operation of IAS’ business in a manner consistent with past practices during such period. The Consulting Fee shall be paid on or before the 10th day after the IAS Transfer Date. In the event that IAS’s working capital shall be less than zero at any time during such period, LTFS shall immediately make and fully fund a loan to IAS in the amount of such deficit (a “Working Capital Loan”); provided, however, that LTFS shall have no obligation to make Working Capital Loans in excess of $250,000 in the aggregate. Each Working Capital Loan shall be evidenced by a promissory note in a form reasonably satisfactory to IAS and bear interest at a simple rate of 8 % per annum. The principal and interest under all Working Capital Loans shall become due and payable on the date which is thirty (30) days following the IAS Transfer Date. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary IAS, shall retain ultimate control over the personnel, operations and policies of its business, including, without limitation, all legal and regulatory matters, until the IAS Transfer Date. IAS and its officers, employees and agents shall retain full access at all times to all aspects of the operations and books and records of its business and may, in its discretion, accept or reject, in whole or in part, any recommendation made by LTFS as IAS’ consultant. It is expressly understood that nothing in this Agreement is intended to give to LTFS or any of its Affiliates any right which would be deemed to constitute a transfer of control with respect to the IAS Stock at any time prior to the IAS Transfer Date.
          (b) LTFS shall reimburse and pay to the Stockholders, in the time and manner provided below, any and all Tax liability imposed upon the Stockholders pursuant to the Code and/or any other Tax that may be imposed in lieu thereof or in addition thereto, in connection with the operation of IAS between the Closing Date and the IAS Transfer Date (the “ IAS Adjustment ”). To the extent the IAS Adjustment constitutes income to the Stockholders subject to federal, state or local income and/or employment or other Taxes, the IAS Adjustment shall be increased to and include the amount computed under the Gross-Up Formula, as defined and provided in Section 4.12 (each, as increased, a “ Grossed-Up IAS Adjustment ”). In addition, any interest or penalties imposed against a Stockholder by any federal, state or local taxing authority as a result of any increase in the Tax liability owed by such Stockholder in connection with the operation of IAS between the Closing Date and the IAS Transfer Date shall be paid or reimbursed by LTFS and increased by the Gross-Up Formula (the “ Grossed-Up IAS Penalties and Interest Payment ”) in the time and manner provided below or, if later, when imposed. Within ninety (90) days after the IAS Transfer Date, the Stockholders shall calculate the amount of the IAS Adjustment, Grossed-Up IAS Adjustment and/or Grossed-Up IAS Penalties and Interest Payment (such calculated amount shall be collectively the “ Calculated IAS Adjustments ”), if any, for each such Stockholder and provide such calculation to LTFS for LTFS’s review. LTFS shall have the right to review such calculation of the Calculated IAS Adjustments for each such Stockholder and object to it to the extent LTFS disagrees with the Calculated IAS Adjustments as a result of such payments being inconsistent with the provisions

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of this Section 4.14(b). If LTFS does not object to the Calculated IAS Adjustments by written instrument delivered to the Stockholders’ within fifteen (15) days after receipt of such calculation, LTFS shall be deemed to have agreed to the Calculated IAS Adjustments. If LTFS timely objects to the Calculated IAS Adjustments by written instrument delivered to the Stockholders’ within fifteen (15) days after receipt of such calculation, the Parties shall immediately attempt in good faith to resolve such dispute. If LTFS and the Stockholders cannot agree upon the amount of the Calculated IAS Adjustments within ten (10) days after commencement of negotiations with respect thereto, such dispute shall be submitted to the CPA for final and binding determination. Upon the final determination with respect to the Calculated IAS Adjustments, whether by agreement (or deemed agreement) of the Parties or determination by the CPA, such determination shall be final, binding and non-appealable and, as directed by such determination, LTFS shall pay to the Stockholders (or their designees) any and all amounts owed thereto within five (5) business days thereafter.
     SECTION 4.15 Certain Claims . As additional consideration for payment of the Purchase Price pursuant to this Agreement, each Stockholder hereby releases and forever discharges effective as of the Closing Date, the Companies and their respective directors, officers, employees and agents, from any and all rights, claims, demands, judgments, obligations, liabilities and damages, whether accrued or unaccrued, asserted or unasserted, and whether known or unknown arising out of or resulting from such Stockholder’s (i) status as a holder of an equity interest in the Companies; and/or (ii) employment, service, consulting or other similar agreement entered into with any of the Companies prior to Closing, in each case, to the extent that the basis for such claims arise prior to the Closing; provided, however, that (A) each of the Companies will continue to indemnify and hold harmless each Stockholder, to the same extent provided in the Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws of such Company as of the date hereof, for any Proceeding brought against such Stockholder arising out of or resulting from such Stockholder’s (1) status as a holder of an equity interest in, or as an officer, director, employee, representative or agent of, such Company; and/or (2) employment, service, consulting or other similar agreement entered into with such Company prior to Closing, unless such Proceeding is (x) a derivative action brought by the shareholders or former shareholders of the applicable Company or (y) a Proceeding that is subject to indemnification in favor of LTFS pursuant to Section 6.1, and (B) the foregoing shall not release any obligations of LTFS or any Company set forth in, or contemplated to survive by, this Agreement or in any of the other Transaction Documents.
     SECTION 4.16 Confidentiality . Subject to the provisions of Section 4.11, any confidentiality agreement previously executed by the Parties shall continue to be in effect in accordance with its terms, including, notwithstanding anything set forth in this Agreement to the contrary, following any termination of this Agreement for any reason.
     SECTION 4.17 Access to Information Following Closing . Prior to the Closing, the Stockholders may, at their expense, make copies of any and all records of the Companies which the Stockholders are required to maintain by Law. The Parties acknowledge that, subsequent to the Closing, the Stockholders may need access to information, documents, or computer data in the control or possession of the Companies or LTFS, and the Stockholders may need to review

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and/or copy documents or other information relating to the Companies for purposes of concluding or evidencing the transactions contemplated herein and for audits, investigations, compliance with requirements, rules and requests of Governmental Entities, and the prosecution or defense of third-party claims. Accordingly, after the Closing Date, LTFS agrees that it will make available, during normal business hours and in such manner as will not unreasonably disrupt the operations of the Companies, to the Stockholders and its agents and independent auditors such documents and information as may be available relating to the Companies in respect of periods prior to the Effective Date and will permit the Stockholders to make copies thereof at the Stockholders’ expense.
     SECTION 4.18 No Securities Transactions . Except for transactions effectuated by the independent registered representatives of the Companies (whether for their own account or the accounts of their respective customers), neither any Stockholder nor any of the Companies or any of their Affiliates, directly or indirectly, shall engage in any transactions involving the securities of LTFS from the date hereof until the time of the making of a public announcement of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Each Company shall use its best efforts to require each of its officers, directors and employees, and shall use commercially reasonable efforts to require each of its agents, advisors, contractors, associates, clients, customers and representatives, to comply with the foregoing requirement.
     SECTION 4.19 Monthly Financial Information . Between the period commencing on the date hereof and ending on the earlier of the Closing Date or the date on which this Agreement is terminated, Zwigard shall make available to LTFS, (i) as soon as practicable following the filing thereof, the FOCUS Reports filed during such period with respect to Investacorp and (ii) within thirty (30) Business Days after the end of each month, unaudited financial statements without notes and subject to normal year-end audit adjustments of each of the Companies other than Investacorp for such month, including a balance sheet and statement of operations that are, except for the omission of notes thereto, certified as having been prepared in accordance with the methodologies described in Section 2.6(a) for the Unaudited Investacorp Companies Financial Statements and the Unaudited VIA Companies Financial Statements, as applicable, by the chief financial officer of such Company. Investacorp’s financial statements filed as part of such FOCUS Reports and such other financial statements shall be prepared, in all material respects, in conformity with U.S. GAAP applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods covered thereby and present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Investacorp at the respective dates thereof and its results of operations for the periods covered thereby, except, in each case, (A) as noted on Section 2.25(c) of the Company Schedule, (B) to the extent notes to such Financial Statements or statements of shareholder’s equity and/or cash flows would be required for such conformity to U.S. GAAP, would disclose deviations from U.S. GAAP or would reflect matters that would impact such financial position or results of operations, and (C) that such Financial Statements are subject to normal adjustments that, if made as a result of an audit, would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Companies, taken as a whole.

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     SECTION 4.20 Option Grants . On the Closing Date, LTFS shall effectuate grants of stock options pursuant to LTFS’ Amended and Restated 1999 Performance Equity Plan to each of the employees, agents and registered representatives identified in Schedule 4.20 , in such amounts, and subject to such vesting and other terms and conditions as set forth in such Schedule, all of which shares underlying such options shall be, on the Closing Date, subject to an effective Registration Statement on Form S-8.
     SECTION 4.21 Employment . At or promptly following the Closing Date, Investacorp shall offer employment-at-will to all of the employees of the Companies, on substantially the same terms and conditions on which they are employed by the Companies on the date of this Agreement, it being acknowledged and agreed that the employees of the Companies identified on Section 2.13 of the Company Schedule as being subject to an employment agreement with a Company as of the Closing Date shall continue to be employed by the applicable Company with respect to such Company pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of such employment agreement. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, for purposes of determining eligibility to participate, vesting, and entitlement to benefits (including for purposes of determining accrued vacation, sick or personal time or seniority), service with the Companies prior to the Closing shall be treated at all times following the Closing as service with the Companies to the extent permitted by Law; provided, however, that such service shall not be recognized to the extent that such recognition would result in a duplication of benefits.
ARTICLE V
CONDITIONS TO CLOSING
     SECTION 5.1 Conditions to Each Party’s Obligations . The respective obligations of each Party to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall be subject to the fulfillment at or prior to the Closing Date of the following conditions:
          (a) No Governmental Order or Regulation . There shall not be in effect any order, decree or injunction (whether preliminary, final or appealable) of a United States federal or state court of competent jurisdiction, and no regulation shall have been enacted or promulgated by any governmental authority or agency, that prohibits consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
     SECTION 5.2 Conditions to Obligations of the Stockholders and the Companies . The obligations of the Stockholders and the Companies to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall be subject to the fulfillment, at or prior to the Closing, of each of the following conditions:
          (a) Representations, Warranties and Covenants . Without supplementation after the date hereof, the representations and warranties of LTFS contained in this Agreement shall be, (i) with respect to those representations and warranties qualified by any materiality standard, true and correct in all respects, as of the Closing Date, and (ii) with respect to all other representations and warranties, true and correct in all material respects, as of the Closing Date, with the same force and effect as if made as of the Closing Date. For purposes of the preceding sentence, unless any and all breaches by LTFS of its representations and warranties in this Agreement, in the aggregate, would have, as of the Closing Date, a Material Adverse Effect on the Stockholders, such representations and warranties shall be deemed to be true in all respects.

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          (b) Legal Opinion . The Stockholders shall have received from Graubard Miller, counsel to LTFS, a legal opinion addressed to the Company and dated the Closing Date, in the form of Exhibit E annexed hereto.
          (c) Cash Portion of the Purchase Price . LTFS shall have effectuated wire transfers of immediately available funds in the aggregate amount of $25,000,000 in respect of the cash portion of the Purchase Price in accordance with Section 1.4.
          (d) Deliveries . LTFS shall have executed, and caused to be executed by any and all other parties thereto (other than the Stockholders), and shall have delivered or caused to be delivered to the Stockholders, as applicable, at or prior to the Closing, the following agreements and other documents, each of which shall be in full force and effect (each, an “ LTFS Transaction Document ” and, collectively, the “ LTFS Transaction Documents ”):
the Employment Agreement;
the Stock Option Agreement;
the Note;
the Pledge Agreement;
the IAS Escrow Agreement;
the Escrow Agreement
an incumbency and authority certificate from the duly appointed secretary of LTFS in such form as shall be reasonably satisfactory to Zwigard; and
such other documents and instruments as shall be reasonably requested by Zwigard in order to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and by each of the other LTFS Transaction Documents.
          (e) Good Standing/Active Status Certificates . Zwigard shall have received good standing certificates or certificates of active status, as applicable, for LTFS from the Secretary of State or other official of its state of incorporation, dated as of a date not earlier than five (5) Business Days prior to the Closing Date.
     SECTION 5.3 Conditions to Obligations of LTFS . The obligations of LTFS to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall be subject to the fulfillment, at or prior to the Closing, of each of the following conditions:
          (a) Representations, Warranties and Covenants . Without supplementation after the date hereof, the representations and warranties of the Companies contained in this

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Agreement shall be, (i) with respect to those representations and warranties qualified by any materiality standard, true and correct in all respects, as of the Closing Date, and (ii) with respect to all other representations and warranties, true and correct in all material respects, as of the Closing Date, with the same force and effect as if made as of the Closing Date. For purposes of the preceding sentence, unless any and all breaches by the Companies and the Stockholders of their respective representations and warranties in this Agreement, in the aggregate, would have, as of the Closing Date, a Material Adverse Effect on LTFS, such representations and warranties shall be deemed to be true in all respects.
          (b) Legal Opinion . LTFS shall have received from Bilzin Sumberg Baena Price & Axelrod LLP, counsel to the Stockholders and the Companies, a legal opinion addressed to LTFS, dated the Closing Date, in form of Exhibit F annexed hereto.
          (c) Good Standing/Active Status Certificates . LTFS shall have received good standing certificates or certificates of active status, as applicable, for each of the Companies from the Secretary of State or other official of their respective states of incorporation, and from the Secretary of State or other official of each other jurisdiction listed in Section 2.1(a) of the Company Schedule, in each case dated as of a date not earlier than five (5) Business Days prior to the Closing Date.
          (d) Deliveries . The Stockholders shall have executed, and caused to be executed by any and all other parties thereto (other than LTFS and Investacorp), and shall have delivered or caused to be delivered to LTFS and/or Investacorp, as applicable, at or prior to Closing, the following agreements and other documents, each of which shall be in full force and effect (each, an “ Company Transaction Document ” and, collectively, the “ Company Transaction Documents ”):
certificates representing the Company Stock, properly endorsed in blank for transfer, together with any stock transfer powers or other instruments, appropriately executed, as may be necessary to transfer the Company Stock to LTFS;
the Employment Agreement;
the Stock Option Agreement;
the Pledge Agreement;
the IAS Escrow Agreement;
the Escrow Agreement;
the Appointment/Resignation Documents;

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an incumbency and authority certificate from the duly appointed secretary of each of the Companies in such form as shall be reasonably satisfactory to LTFS;
an incumbency and authority certificate from a duly authorized Person of the GRAT in such form as shall be reasonably satisfactory to LTFS; and
such other documents and instruments as shall be reasonably requested by LTFS in order to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and by each of the other Company Transaction Documents.
ARTICLE VI
INDEMNIFICATION
     SECTION 6.1 Indemnification by Zwigard . Subject to Section 6.6, Zwigard shall indemnify and hold harmless LTFS and the Companies from and against, and shall reimburse LTFS and the Companies for, any and all Damages that may be sustained, suffered or incurred by any of them, whether as a result of any Third Party Claim or otherwise, and which arise or result from or in connection with or are attributable to (a) the breach of any of the covenants, representations, warranties, agreements, obligations or undertakings of the Companies and the Stockholders contained in this Agreement (other than any representations, warranties, agreements, obligations or undertakings of the Companies that are made as of, or required to be performed, subsequent to the IAS Transfer Date, in the case of IAS, or subsequent to the Closing Date, in the case of all of the other Companies), (b) any Post-Execution Customer Proceeding that is actually asserted, brought, commenced and properly filed before any court, federal, state, municipal or other governmental department or agency, self regulatory organization, arbitrator or other tribunal after the date of this Agreement and before Closing, and (c) any Claim set forth in Schedule 6.1 hereto (together with Post-Execution Customer Proceedings referred to in the immediately preceding sub-section (b), “ Customer Proceeding Claims ”). The right to assert a Claim for indemnity pursuant to this Section 6.1 shall survive the Closing but only for and up to a period ending the earlier of (a) eighteen (18) months after the Closing Date and (b) July 1, 2009, except that (I) with respect to Claims arising as a result of a breach of the representations and warranties in (A) Section 2.1 and Section 2.4, it shall survive without limitation as to time, and (B) Section 2.11, it shall survive for a period of three (3) years after the Closing Date, and (II) with respect to Claims under clauses (b) or (c) above (i.e., with respect to any Customer Proceeding Claim), until the resolution of such Customer Proceeding Claim. Any Claim for indemnity asserted under (a), above, must be so asserted in a Claim Notice delivered to Zwigard within the relevant period hereinabove provided in accordance with Section 6.4 hereof in order to survive until resolved and be enforceable hereunder. Subject to Section 6.3, any Claim for indemnity asserted under (b) or (c) above (i.e., Claims with respect to Customer Proceeding Claims), must be so asserted in a Claim Notice delivered to Zwigard prior to the resolution of such Customer Proceeding Claim as provided in Section 6.3 hereof in order to survive until resolved and be enforceable hereunder. A valid Claim Notice shall be deemed duly delivered to Zwigard with respect to the Customer Proceeding Claims identified on Schedule 6.1 to this Agreement.

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     SECTION 6.2 Indemnification by LTFS . Subject to Section 6.6, LTFS shall indemnify and hold harmless each of the Stockholders from and against, and shall reimburse each of the Stockholders for, any and all Damages that may be sustained, suffered or incurred by any of them, whether as a result of any Third Party Claim or otherwise, and which arise or result from or in connection with or are attributable to (a) the breach of any of the covenants, representations, warranties, agreements, obligations or undertakings of LTFS contained in this Agreement, (b) the operation of IAS in accordance with Sections 4.13 and/or 4.14 above (including any failure by LTFS to timely make any Working Capital Loan as required thereby) between the Closing Date and the IAS Transfer Date, and (c) the breach of any of the covenants, representations, warranties, agreements, obligations or undertakings of the Companies that are made as of, or required to be performed, subsequent to the IAS Transfer Date, in the case of IAS, or subsequent to the Closing Date, in the case of all of the other Companies. The right to assert a Claim for indemnity pursuant to this Section 6.2 shall survive the Closing but only for and up to a period ending the earlier of (a) eighteen (18) months after the Closing Date and (b) July 1, 2009, except that the representations and warranties in Section 3.1 shall survive without limitation as to time, or (ii) with respect to any of LTFS’ obligations under Section 6.3 or Section 6.4 with respect to any Customer Proceeding Claim or Third Party Claim, respectively, only for and up to a period ending upon the resolution of such Customer Proceeding Claim or Third Party Claim. Any Claim for indemnity must be asserted in a Claim Notice delivered to LTFS within the relevant period hereinabove provided in accordance with Section 6.4 hereof in order to survive until resolved and be enforceable hereunder.
     SECTION 6.3 Customer Proceeding Claims . LTFS hereby approves and consents to the continued retention of counsel that has been previously retained to represent the Companies in connection with the Customer Proceeding Claims set forth in Schedule 6.1 and, subject to LTFS’ approval which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed, Zwigard may replace or supplement such previously retained counsel in connection with such Customer Proceeding Claims, and may appoint any counsel chosen by Zwigard to represent the Companies in connection with any Post-Execution Customer Proceeding that constitutes a Customer Proceeding Claim. LTFS agrees to pay all fees, expenses and other amounts (including reasonable fees and expenses of such counsel) arising on and after the Closing Date in connection with such Customer Proceeding Claims until the Basket threshold in Section 6.6(a) is exceeded, at which time Zwigard shall indemnify LTFS and the Companies in excess of that amount. All such fees, expenses and other amounts paid by LTFS shall be deemed to constitute indemnifiable Damages for purposes of calculation of the Basket. Prior to Closing, the Companies shall have full control of any and all proceedings in connection with Customer Proceeding Claims (including the compromise and/or settlement thereof). On and after the Closing Date, the applicable Company shall remain liable and responsible for all Customer Proceeding Claims, although Zwigard shall have full control of any and all proceedings in connection with Customer Proceeding Claims which proceedings, on and after the Closing Date, shall be vigorously and diligently prosecuted to a final conclusion unless otherwise agreed to by LTFS. A Customer Proceeding Claim may not be settled on or after the Closing Date by

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Zwigard without the prior written consent of LTFS (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed). After the Closing, Zwigard and the applicable Company’s legal counsel shall be provided full access to all books and records related to Customer Proceeding Claims and LTFS shall be kept fully informed by Zwigard and such Company’s legal counsel with respect to all proceedings in connection with Customer Proceeding Claims. Claims with respect to Customer Proceeding Claims shall not be subject to the requirements of Section 6.4 (other than the requirement to duly provide a Claim Notice with respect thereto).
     SECTION 6.4 Notice, etc . A Party required to make an indemnification and/or reimbursement payment pursuant to this Agreement (sometimes referred to in this Article VI as the “ Indemnifying Party ”) shall have no liability with respect to any Claims or otherwise with respect to any covenant, representation, warranty, agreement, undertaking or obligation under this Agreement, unless the party entitled to receive such indemnification and/or reimbursement payment (sometimes referred to in this Article VI as the “ Indemnified Party ”) gives notice to the Indemnifying Party in accordance with the terms hereof, as soon as practical following the time at which the Indemnified Party discovered or reasonably should have discovered such Claim (except to the extent the Indemnifying Party is not prejudiced by any delay in the delivery of such notice) and in any event prior to the applicable date specified in Section 6.1 or 6.2, as applicable, specifying (i), if applicable, the covenant, representation or warranty, agreement, undertaking or obligation contained herein which it asserts has been breached, (ii) in reasonable detail, the nature and dollar amount of any Claim the Indemnified Party may have against the Indemnifying Party by reason thereof under this Agreement, and (iii) whether or not the Claim is a Third Party Claim, each such notice, a “ Claim Notice ”). All Claims other than Customer Proceeding Claims by any Indemnified Party under this Article VI shall be asserted as follows:
          (a) Third-Party Claims .
     (i) In the event that an Indemnified Party becomes aware of a Third Party Claim for which an Indemnifying Party would be liable to an Indemnified Party hereunder, the Indemnified Party shall, in accordance with the preamble to this Section 6.4, provide a Claim Notice with respect to such Claim to the Indemnifying Party. The Indemnifying Party will notify the Indemnified Party as soon as practicable whether the Indemnifying Party desires, at its sole cost and expense, to defend the Indemnified Party against such Third Party Claim. If the Indemnifying Party notifies the Indemnified Party that the Indemnifying Party desires to defend the Indemnified Party with respect to the Third Party Claim pursuant to this Section 6.4(a), the Indemnifying Party shall retain counsel (who shall be reasonably acceptable to the Indemnified Party) to represent the Indemnified Party and the Indemnifying Party shall pay (subject to the immediately following sentence) the reasonable fees and disbursements of such counsel with regard thereto and the Indemnifying Party will not, as long as it diligently conducts such defense, be liable to the Indemnified Party for any fees or expenses of any other counsel or any other expenses with respect to the defense of such Third Party Claim, in each case, incurred by or on behalf of the Indemnified Party, including any such fees or expenses incurred prior to the Indemnifying Party’s delivery of notice of assumption of the defense to the Indemnified Party; provided, however, that any Indemnified Party is hereby

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authorized, prior to the date on which it receives written notice from the Indemnifying Party of its assumption of such defense, to retain counsel, whose reasonable fees and expenses shall be at the expense of the Indemnifying Party (subject to the immediately following sentence), to file any motion, answer or other pleading and take such other action which it reasonably shall deem necessary to protect its interests or those of the Indemnifying Party until the date on which the Indemnified Party receives such notice from the Indemnifying Party (it being understood and agreed that, if an Indemnified Party takes any such action that is prejudicial and causes a final adjudication that is adverse to the Indemnifying Party, the Indemnifying Party will be relieved of its obligations hereunder with respect to the portion of such Third Party Claim prejudiced by the Indemnified Party’s action). The Parties agree that, notwithstanding the assumption of the defense of any Third Party Claim by an Indemnifying Party, all reasonable fees and expenses of its or the Indemnified Party’s counsel or any other reasonable expenses with respect to the defense of such Third Party Claim, in each case, incurred by or on behalf of the Indemnifying Party in connection with the defense of such Third Party Claim (including all indemnifiable fees, expenses and other amounts incurred by or on behalf of the Indemnified Party prior to the Indemnifying Party’s assumption of such defense) shall (x) be reimbursed to such Indemnifying Party by the Indemnified Parties promptly upon invoice, as and when the same are incurred, unless and until the Basket has been exceeded, and (y) be deemed to constitute indemnifiable Damages for purposes of calculation of the Basket. After the Indemnifying Party shall provide notice to the Indemnified Party of the Indemnifying Party’s assumption of the defense with respect to any Third Party Claim, the Indemnifying Party, so long as it diligently conducts such defense, shall have full and exclusive control of the conduct of such defense and the compromise and/or settlement of such Third Party Claim; provided, however, that, (I) the Indemnifying Party shall not settle any Third Party Claim without the prior written consent (which notice shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed) of the Indemnified Party if such Claim is not exclusively for monetary damages, and (II) the Indemnified Party shall have the right to retain its own counsel, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the sole cost and expense of such Indemnified Party unless, and subject in all events to the preceding sentence, (x) the Indemnifying Party and the Indemnified Party shall have mutually agreed to the retention of such counsel or (y) the named parties of any such proceeding (including any impleaded parties) include both the Indemnifying Party and the Indemnified Party and representation of both parties by the same counsel would be inappropriate because a conflict or potential conflict exists between the Indemnifying Party and the Indemnified Party which makes representation of both parties inappropriate under applicable standards of professional conduct. If requested by the Indemnifying Party, the Indemnified Party agrees to cooperate with the Indemnifying Party and its counsel in contesting any claim or demand which the Indemnifying Party defends or, if appropriate and related to the Third Party Claim in question, in making any counterclaim against the Person asserting the Third Party Claim or any cross-complaint against any Person (other than the Indemnified Party or any of its Affiliates). If the Indemnifying Party assumes the defense of a Third Party Claim, then the Indemnifying Party will have no liability with respect to any compromise or settlement of such Third Party Claim effected without its consent (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed).

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     (ii) If the Indemnifying Party fails to notify the Indemnified Party that the Indemnifying Party desires to defend the Third Party Claim pursuant to the preceding paragraph then the Indemnified Party will have the right to defend, at the sole cost and expense of the Indemnifying Party (subject to the Basket and Cap thresholds under Section 6.6), the Third Party Claim by all appropriate proceedings, which proceedings will be vigorously and diligently prosecuted by the Indemnified Party to a final conclusion or will be settled at the discretion of the Indemnified Party (but subject to the prior written consent of the Indemnifying Party, which consent will not be unreasonably withheld). The Indemnified Party will have full control of such defense and proceedings, including (except as provided in the immediately preceding sentence) any settlement thereof; provided, however, that if requested by the Indemnified Party, the Indemnifying Party will, at the sole cost and expense of the Indemnifying Party (subject to the Basket and Cap thresholds under Section 6.6), cooperate with the Indemnified Party and its counsel in contesting any Third Party Claim which the Indemnified Party is contesting, or, if appropriate and related to the Third Party Claim in question, in making any counterclaim against the Person asserting the Third Party Claim, or any cross-complaint against any Person (other than the Indemnifying Party or any of its Affiliates). The Indemnifying Party may retain separate counsel to represent it in, but not control, any defense or settlement controlled by the Indemnified Party pursuant to this paragraph, and the Indemnifying Party will bear its own costs and expenses with respect to such participation.
     (iii) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 6.4(a), if the Indemnifying Party has notified the Indemnified Party that the Indemnifying Party disputes its liability hereunder to the Indemnified Party with respect to such Third Party Claim (regardless of whether the Indemnifying Party has also notified the Indemnified Party of its intent to assume the defense of such Third Party Claim) and if such dispute is resolved in favor of the Indemnifying Party as provided in Section 6.5, (i) the Indemnifying Party will not be required to bear the costs and expenses of the defense pursuant to the preceding paragraphs of this Section 6.4(a) (whether with respect to the Indemnifying Party’s or the Indemnified Party’s counsel), and the Indemnified Party will fully reimburse the Indemnifying Party in connection with such Third Party Claim, and (ii) none of such reimbursed costs and expenses shall be deemed for any purpose to be counted against the Basket or the Cap.
          (b) Direct Claims . In the event any Indemnified Party shall have a Direct Claim against any Indemnifying Party hereunder, the Indemnified Party shall send a Claim Notice with respect to such Claim to the Indemnifying Party.
          (c) Books and Records . After delivery of a Claim Notice, so long as any right to indemnification exists pursuant to this Article VI, the affected Parties each agree to retain all books and records related to such Claim Notice. In each instance, the Indemnified Party shall have the right to be kept fully informed by the Indemnifying Party and its legal counsel with respect to any legal proceedings.

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     SECTION 6.5 Resolution and Payment .
          (a) Dispute Resolution Procedures . If any of the Indemnifying Parties with respect to any Claim disputes all or any portion of such Claim, LTFS and Zwigard will in good faith attempt to resolve such dispute. If on or before the thirtieth (30th) Business Day after the effective date of the Claim Notice with respect to the Claim as to which a dispute exists, the aforementioned Parties have not resolved such dispute, then either LTFS or Zwigard, as the case may be, may apply, as the exclusive dispute resolution procedure under this Article VI, to the American Arbitration Association for resolution of such Claim, in which case the resolution of such Claim and the disposition of the amount specified therein shall be determined by an arbitration proceeding in accordance with the commercial arbitration rules of the American Arbitration Association by three (3) arbitrators appointed in accordance with such rules (the “ Arbitrators ”), which arbitration shall be held in Miami-Dade County, Florida. Each Party shall cooperate fully with the Arbitrators and provide the Arbitrators such information, documents and records as he or she may request. All decisions of a majority of the Arbitrators shall be final and binding on the Parties hereto. The Arbitrators shall issue a written order stating the resolution of the Claim (including the amount, if any, to be paid to the Indemnified Party or Indemnifying Party, as the case may be). If any dispute is submitted to the Arbitrators, each Party shall bear its own costs and expenses incurred in connection with the submission of such dispute, unless the Arbitrators determine that the nonprevailing party should bear the costs and expenses (including reasonable legal fees and expenses of the prevailing party) and the fees and costs of the Arbitrators shall be borne equally by LTFS and Zwigard.
          (b) Payment .
     (i) Escrowed Payments . Payment of a Claim with respect to a Customer Proceeding Claim or a Third Party Claim shall be made promptly following the later of (A) resolution of such Customer Proceeding Claim or Third Party Claim, or (B) resolution of any disputes with respect to such Claim in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section 6.5(a). Payment of a Direct Claim shall be made promptly following the later of (A) receipt of the applicable Claim Notice or (B) resolution of any disputes with respect to such Direct Claim in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section 6.5(a). With respect to each Claim made for payment by Zwigard to LTFS and the Companies, to the extent the Note is unpaid at the time such Claim is made, LTFS shall have the option, in its sole discretion, to place any and all payments that thereafter become due under the Note, but solely as and when they become due (that is, no Note payment may be placed into escrow prior to the actual due date thereof) and solely to the extent of the amount of such Claim, into escrow (with respect to each Claim, the “ Escrowed Payments ”) with the Escrow Agent pursuant to the terms of an Escrow Agreement entered into at or prior to Closing by the Parties and the Escrow Agent in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit G (the “ Escrow Agreement ”). Except for Escrowed Payments properly escrowed in accordance with the immediately preceding sentence and the Escrow Agreement, any other delay, stoppage, setoff or withholding of payments under the Note (subject to any cure periods set forth therein) by LTFS shall constitute an event of default under the Note.

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     (ii) Satisfaction of Claims . With respect to each Claim made for payment to LTFS and the Companies by Zwigard that is either undisputed or finally resolved pursuant to the procedures set forth in Section 6.5(a), in whole or in part, in favor of LTFS, Zwigard shall have the option, in his sole discretion, to satisfy such Claim through either (A) a payment of cash directly to LTFS, (B) a release of all or any portion of the Escrowed Payments with respect to such Claim to LTFS as hereinafter provided, and/or (C) offset on a dollar for dollar basis, payments thereafter due, in the order due, under the Note (by written notice of such offset from Zwigard), and/or (D) any combination of the methods identified in the preceding clauses (A) (B) and/or (C) (except that the method identified in clause (C) shall, in all events, only be exercised if and to the extent that all Escrowed Payments properly placed in escrow by LTFS as provided herein with respect to such Claim have been fully released to LTFS as hereinafter provided), in each case, so long as the aggregate amount delivered to LTFS pursuant to any of the preceding methods equals the amount of such Claim, if undisputed, or the amount that has been so resolved in favor of LTFS with respect to such Claim. If Zwigard elects the release of Escrowed Payments as one of the methodologies for satisfying any such Claim, then the Escrow Agent shall be directed jointly by Zwigard and LTFS, pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of the Escrow Agreement, to promptly release to LTFS from such Escrowed Payments an amount which, after application of any payments made by or on behalf of Zwigard pursuant to the method described in the preceding clause (A), shall equal the lesser of (i) the amount of such Claim, if undisputed, or the amount that has been so resolved in favor of LTFS with respect to such Claim, in either case, plus any and all interest earned on such Escrowed Payments or (ii) the aggregate balance of such Escrowed Payments plus any and all interest earned thereon. If (I) a Claim made for payment by Zwigard is finally resolved in favor of Zwigard, or (II) any portion of the Escrowed Payments with respect to a Claim that is finally resolved, in whole or in part, in favor of LTFS and/or any interest earned thereon remain in escrow after satisfaction of such Claim pursuant to any of the methods identified in the preceding clauses (A) or (B) and/or any combination thereof, the Escrow Agent shall be directed jointly by Zwigard and LTFS, pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of the Escrow Agreement, to promptly release to Zwigard, in the case of the preceding clause (I), the aggregate amount of all Escrowed Payments with respect to such Claim together with any and all interest earned thereon, or, in the case of the preceding clause (II), the aggregate of all such remaining escrowed amounts. All released portions of the Escrowed Payments to LTFS (but not any interest earned thereon) and all payments due under the Note that are offset by Zwigard as hereinabove provided shall be deemed to be reductions of the Purchase Price and of the corresponding principal and interest amounts originally due under the Note to the extent thereof. All released portions of the Escrowed Payments to Zwigard (but not any interest earned thereon), shall be deemed to be payments made upon the Note to the extent thereof.

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     SECTION 6.6 Limitations .
          (a) Basket . No Indemnifying Party shall be required to indemnify any Indemnified Party under this Article VI in respect of a Claim unless and until the aggregate of all amounts for which indemnity would otherwise be due against and would otherwise be payable by such Indemnifying Party exceeds, on a cumulative basis with respect to all such Claims, the sum of Two Million Five Hundred Thousand Dollars ($2,500,000.00) (the “ Basket ”), in which case the amount for which indemnity shall be due and payable shall be equal to the excess over that amount; provided, however, that, notwithstanding the foregoing, the Basket shall not apply to any Claim arising (i) pursuant to Section 6.2(b) (i.e., the operation of IAS between the Closing Date and the IAS Transfer Date) or Section 6.2(c) (i.e., post-Closing obligations of the Companies), (ii) from a breach or other violation by LTFS of its obligations under Section 6.2 or a breach or other violation by Zwigard of his obligations under Section 6.1, (iii) a breach or other violation by LTFS of its obligations under Section 6.3 or Section 6.4 to pay all fees, expenses and other amounts with respect to Customer Proceeding Claims or Third Party Claims, respectively, until the Basket threshold is exceeded, or (iv) a breach or other violation by an Indemnified Party of its obligations to reimburse the Indemnifying Party under Section 6.4(a)(iii).
          (b) Cap . Notwithstanding anything set forth herein to the contrary, Zwigard’s aggregate maximum liability with respect to each Claim (including any Customer Proceeding Claims), shall be an amount (with respect to each Claim, the “ Cap ”) equal to the difference of (i) Twenty Million Dollars ($20,000,000.00), minus (ii) the aggregate amount of all payments previously made by or on behalf of Zwigard in respect of any and all Claims (including pursuant to Section 6.3 and/or Section 6.4 and utilizing any one or more of the methods described in Section 6.5(b)(ii), as applicable), and in no event shall Zwigard be liable or otherwise responsible with respect to any Claim in excess of the Cap for such Claim.
          (c) There shall be no liability to the extent of any Claim that is covered by insurance held by the Indemnified Party (or to the extent the Indemnified Party has been named as an additional insured), provided, however, that the Indemnified Party shall be entitled to indemnification with respect to the amount of any Claim that is in excess of the cash proceeds actually received by such Indemnified Party (after deducting reasonable costs and expenses incurred in connection with the recovery of such insurance proceeds, including premium increases) pursuant to such insurance.
          (d) Each Claim shall be reduced by any indemnity, contribution or other similar payment payable to any Indemnified Party by any third party with respect to such Indemnification Claim and, if any Indemnified Party recovers from third parties all or any part of any indemnification payments (including as provided on Schedule 6.6 ) previously paid to it by the Indemnifying Party (and even if such recovery occurs after the expiration of the time limit for the survival of such Claim set forth in Section 6.1 or 6.2, as applicable), the applicable Indemnified Party shall, within ten (10) Business Days, pay over to the Indemnifying Party the amount so recovered.

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          (e) Each Claim shall be reduced by an amount equal to any cash reduction of any taxes of Indemnified Party attributable to such Claim in periods ending before the applicable indemnity payment is made.
          (f) No Stockholder shall be liable hereunder for any Claim to the extent such Claim is attributable to any act or omission of LTFS or any of the Companies or any of their respective Affiliates, after the Closing Date, including any change in accounting methods, but specifically excepting any act or omission taken on behalf of any such Company by Zwigard.
          (g) No Stockholder shall be liable with respect to any and/or all Claim(s) resulting from a misrepresentation, breach of warranty or breach of a covenant or agreement that would give rise to a right of termination by LTFS under Section 7.1(d) and of which LTFS had Knowledge prior to the Closing, if LTFS nevertheless elects to effectuate the Closing (regardless of whether LTFS waives such breach in writing or otherwise).
     SECTION 6.7 Representations and Warranties . For purposes of indemnity under this Article VI for breach of a representation or warranty, the representations and warranties shall be the representations and warranties of the Indemnifying Party made herein as of the date hereof (unless any such representation or warranty provides that it speaks as of a different date), and shall be deemed to be made again as of the Closing Date (unless any such representation or warranty provides that it speaks as of the date hereof or any other date), without regard to supplementation, modification or amendment pursuant to Section 4.4. For purposes of this Article VI, to the extent that any representation or warranty in this Agreement is qualified by words or phrases such as “material” or “materially,” then the materiality qualifier with respect to such specific breach shall be disregarded solely and only for purposes of calculating the amount of a Claim under Section 6.1 or 6.2 and whether the Basket requirement has been met.
     SECTION 6.8 Adjustment to Purchase Price . Amounts paid for indemnification under Article VI shall be deemed for all relevant tax purposes to be an adjustment to the Purchase Price, except as otherwise required by law.
     SECTION 6.9 Exclusive Remedy . Notwithstanding any other provision in this Agreement to the contrary, no breach of any representation, warranty, covenant, agreement or obligation contained in this Agreement or any other document or instrument executed and delivered in connection therewith (including any and all of the Transaction Documents) or otherwise with respect to the transactions hereunder shall give rise to any right on the part of any Party, after the Closing, to rescind this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated hereby. Furthermore, notwithstanding any other provision in this Agreement to the contrary or otherwise, on and after the Closing Date, each Party’s sole and exclusive remedy under this Agreement or at law or in equity or otherwise against any and all Persons for any breach of any representation, warranty, covenant, agreement, undertaking or obligation contained in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document or directly or indirectly in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder shall be pursuant to and shall be determined in accordance with this Article VI, except that the immediately preceding limitation shall not apply to any breach or violation of any provision under Article I, Section 4.3, Section 4.7, Section 4.8, Section 4.10, Section 4.11, Section 4.12, Section 4.13, Section 4.14(b), Section 4.15, Section

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4.17, Section 4.20 and/or Section 4.21 or with respect to any breach or violation of the Pledge Agreement, the Escrow Agreement, the Note, the Stock Option Agreement or the Employment Agreement, which breaches and/or violations shall (i) not be governed by this Article VI, (ii) shall be subject to any and all remedies available hereunder, at law or in equity (including specific performance as provided in Section 9.12) and without regard to any limitations relating to the Basket or the Cap, and (iii) shall entitle the prevailing Party in any action, suit or proceeding with respect thereto to recover from the other Party such prevailing Party’s reasonable fees, costs and expenses of counsel (including at trial and at all appellate levels).
ARTICLE VII
TERMINATION AND ABANDONMENT
     SECTION 7.1 Methods of Termination . The transactions contemplated herein may be terminated and/or abandoned at any time but not later than the Closing:
          (a) by mutual written consent of LTFS and Zwigard;
          (b) by LTFS or Zwigard if any competent regulatory authority shall have issued an order making illegal or otherwise restricting, preventing, prohibiting or refusing to approve the transactions contemplated hereby, and such order shall have become final and non-appealable;
          (c) by Zwigard, (i) upon a material breach of any representation or warranty set forth in this Agreement on the part of LTFS, or if any such representation or warranty of LTFS shall have become untrue, in either case, such that the conditions set forth in Section 5.2(a) would not be satisfied as of the Closing Date, or (ii) upon a material breach of any material covenant or agreement set forth in this Agreement on the part of LTFS; provided, however, that if such breach of a covenant or agreement by LTFS is curable by LTFS, then Zwigard may not terminate this Agreement under this Section 7.1(c) for sixty (60) days after delivery of written notice from Zwigard to LTFS of such breach, provided LTFS continues to exercise commercially reasonable efforts to cure such breach (it being understood that Zwigard may not terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(c) if the Stockholders or the Companies shall have materially breached this Agreement or if such breach by LTFS is cured during such sixty (60)-day period;
          (d) by LTFS, (i) upon a material breach of any representation or warranty set forth in this Agreement on the part of the Companies or any Stockholder, or if any such representation or warranty of the Companies or any Stockholder shall have become untrue, in either case, such that the conditions set forth in Section 5.3(a) would not be satisfied as of the Closing Date, or (ii) upon a material breach of any material covenant or agreement set forth in this Agreement on the part of any Company or Stockholder; provided, however, that if such breach of a covenant or agreement by a Company or Stockholder is curable by any Stockholder or any of the Companies, then LTFS may not terminate this Agreement under this Section 7.1(d) for sixty (60) days after delivery of written notice from LTFS to Zwigard of such breach, provided any Stockholder or any of the Companies continue(s) to exercise commercially

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reasonable efforts to cure such breach (it being understood that LTFS may not terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(d) if LTFS shall have materially breached this Agreement or if such breach by a Stockholder or a Company is cured during such sixty (60)-day period); or
          (e) by LTFS or Zwigard if the Closing has not occurred by February 28, 2008, for any reason other than breach by the Party seeking to terminate unless LTFS and Zwigard agree to an extension in writing.
     SECTION 7.2 Effect of Termination . The Parties acknowledge and agree that, notwithstanding any other provision in this Agreement to the contrary or otherwise, prior to the Closing Date, each Party’s sole and exclusive remedy under this Agreement or at law or in equity or otherwise against any and all Persons for any breach of any representation, warranty, covenant, agreement, undertaking or obligation contained in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document or directly or indirectly in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder shall be either (i) termination under Section 7.1 and payment of the amounts set forth in this Section 7.2, or (ii) specific performance under Section 9.12. In the event of termination by a Party, or both Parties, pursuant to Section 7.1, written notice thereof shall forthwith be given to the other Party and, except as set forth in this Section 7.2, all further obligations of the Parties shall terminate, no Party shall have any right against the other Party hereto or its officers, directors, employees, Representatives or Affiliates, except that:
          (a) If this Agreement is so terminated by a Party because of any intentional breach or intentional failure to perform of the other Party (including, in the case of LTFS, any breach or failure of its obligations to deliver the Purchase Price on the Closing Date as required hereby, whether as a result of the failure to obtain financing or otherwise), then the breaching Party shall pay to the other Party, as liquidated damages and as such other Party’s sole and exclusive remedy, a termination fee equal to Five Million Dollars ($5,000,000.00), by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account specified to such breaching Party by the other Party, within ten (10) Business Days of the effective date of such termination. The Parties acknowledge and agree that it would be impracticable or extremely difficult for any Party to determine the actual damages resulting from any such breach or failure to perform hereunder and, therefore, the Parties have agreed upon the foregoing remedy as liquidated damages which shall not be deemed to be in the nature of a penalty.
          (b) If this Agreement is so terminated by a Party because of any unintentional breach or unintentional failure to perform of the other Party, then the breaching Party shall pay to the other Party, as liquidated damages and as such other Party’s sole and exclusive remedy, a termination fee equal to Five Hundred Thousand Dollars ($500,000.00), by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account specified to such breaching Party by the other Party, within ten (10) Business Days of the effective date of such termination. The Parties acknowledge and agree that it would be impracticable or extremely difficult for any Party to determine the actual damages resulting from any such breach or failure to perform hereunder and, therefore, the Parties have agreed upon the foregoing remedy as liquidated damages which shall not be deemed to be in the nature of a penalty.

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          (c) If the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are terminated and/or abandoned as provided herein, (i) any confidentiality agreement previously executed by the Parties shall continue to be in effect in accordance with its terms and (ii) each Party will return all documents, work papers and other material (and all copies thereof) of the other Party, whether so obtained before or after the execution hereof, to the Party furnishing the same.
          (d) If the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are terminated and/or abandoned as provided herein, Section 2.20, Section 3.8, Section 4.16, Section 7.2, Section 7.3 and Article IX of this Agreement shall survive such termination and/or abandonment.
          The Parties acknowledge that the agreements contained in this Section 7.2 are an integral part of the transactions contemplated in this Agreement, and that, without these agreements, they would not enter into this Agreement.
     SECTION 7.3 Fees and Expenses . Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, whether or not the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are consummated, all fees and expenses incurred in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby (i) incurred by LTFS shall be paid by LTFS and (ii) incurred by the Stockholders and the Companies shall be paid by the Companies; provided, however, that, in the event that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are consummated, any expenses incurred by the Stockholders or the Companies in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby not paid on or prior to the Closing Date by the Companies shall be paid by the Stockholders to the extent that such expenses have not reduced the retained earnings or paid-in capital of the Companies as of the Business Day immediately prior to the Closing Date.
ARTICLE VIII
DEFINITIONS
     SECTION 8.1 Certain Defined Terms . As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
     “ 2007 Balance Sheets ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.8.
     “ 338(h)(10) Adjustment ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.12(d)(iii).
     “ 338(h)(10) Election ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.12(d)(i).

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     “ 338(h)(10) Election Request ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.12(d)(i).
     “ Affiliate ” means, with respect to a Person, any other Person controlling, controlled by or under common control with such first Person.
     “ Agreement ” has the meaning specified in the Preamble.
     “ AMEX ” means American Stock Exchange LLC.
     “ Appointment/Resignation Documents ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.7(c).
     “ Arbitrators ” has the meaning specified in Section 6.5(a).
     “ Audited Financial Statements ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.6(a)(i).
     “ Basket ” has the meaning specified in Section 6.6(a).
     “ Blue Sky Laws ” means the securities laws (including any and all rules and regulations promulgated thereunder) of the individual states of the United States of America.
     “ Business Day ” means a day of the year on which banks are not required or authorized to be closed in the City of New York.
     “ Calculated 338(h)(10) Adjustments ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.12(d)(v).
     “ Calculated IAS Adjustments ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.14(b).
     “ Cap ” has the meaning specified in Section 6.6(b).
     “ Challenging Accountant ” has the meaning specified in Section 1.6(c).
     “ Claim ” means any claim for indemnification, to be held harmless and/or reimbursement made by an Indemnified Party pursuant to Article VI, including, without limitation, with respect to any Customer Proceeding Claims.
     “ Claim Notice ” has the meaning specified in Section 6.4.

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     “ Closing ” has the meaning specified in Section 1.3.
     “ Closing Date ” has the meaning specified in Section 1.3.
     “ Code ” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
     “ Commission ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.7.
     “ Company/Companies ” has the meaning specified in the Recitals.
     “ Company Schedule ” has the meaning specified in the preamble to Article II.
     “ Company Stock ” has the meaning specified in the Recitals.
     “ Company Transaction Document(s) ” has the meaning specified in Section 5.3(d).
     “ Consummation 8-K ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.11.
     “ Contracts ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.9(c).
     “ control ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.25(c)(vii).
     “ controlled by ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.25(c)(vii).
     “ Corporate Records ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.1(c).
     “ Consulting Fee ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.14.
     “ CPA ” has the meaning specified in Section 1.6(c).
     “ Customer Proceeding Claims ” has the meaning specified in Section 6.1.

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     “ Damages ” means the dollar amount of any loss, damage, expense or liability, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees and disbursements, in each case, which is sustained, suffered or incurred by an Indemnified Party and which is subject to indemnification under this Agreement; provided, however, that no Indemnified Party shall seek, or be entitled to, and Damages shall in no event include, any incidental, indirect, punitive, special, multiple, exemplary or consequential damages of any kind or damages for loss of profits, loss of revenue, or loss of business, nor shall any such Indemnified Party accept payment of any award or judgment in respect of any Claim to the extent that such award or judgment includes any such excluded damages. Each party entitled to indemnification pursuant to Article VI shall take all reasonable steps to mitigate all losses, costs, expenses and damages (including all Damages) after becoming aware of any event which could reasonably be expected to give rise to any losses, costs, expenses and damages that are indemnifiable or recoverable hereunder or in connection herewith. Subject to the foregoing, with respect to each Claim, the amount of Damages shall be the amount finally determined by the Arbitrators or the amount agreed to upon settlement in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, if a Third Party Claim, or by the Parties, if a Direct Claim.
     “ Direct Claim ” means any Claim other than a Third Party Claim.
     “ Disclosure Schedules ” means, collectively, the Company Schedule and the LTFS Schedule.
     “ Employee Benefit Plans ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.14(a).
     “ Employee Welfare Plans ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.14(c).
     “ Employment Agreement ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.7(a).
     “ Entity ” means any corporation (including any non-profit corporation), general partnership, limited partnership, limited liability partnership, limited liability limited partnership, joint venture, estate, trust, company (including any limited liability company or joint stock company), firm or other enterprise, association, organization, entity or Governmental Entity.
     “ Environmental Law ” means any federal, state, local or foreign law, regulation, order, decree, permit, authorization, common law or agency requirement relating to: (i) the protection, investigation or restoration of the environment, health and safety, or natural resources; (ii) the handling, use, presence, disposal, release or threatened release of any Hazardous Substance or (iii) noise, odor, wetlands, pollution, or contamination.
     “ ERISA ” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
     “ Escrow Agent ” means Mellon UNB.

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     “ Escrow Agreement ” has the meaning specified in Section 6.5(b)(i).
     “ Escrowed Payments ” has the meaning specified in Section 6.5(b)(i).
     “ Exchange Act ” the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
     “ Execution 8-K ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.11.
     “ Filing Deadline ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.12(d)(i).
     “ Financial Statements ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.6(a)(iii).
     “ FINRA ” means Financial Industry Regulatory Authority.
     “ Form BD ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.25(c)(i).
     “ Forms 8-K ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.11.
     “ Frost ” means Dr. Phillip Frost, an individual.
     “ Governmental Entity ” means any court, administrative agency, commission, governmental or regulatory authority, whether domestic or foreign.
     “ GRAT ” has the meaning specified in the Preamble.
     “ Gross-Up Formula ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.12(d)(iv).
     “ Grossed-Up 338(h)(10) Adjustments ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.12(d)(iv).
     “ Grossed-Up IAS Adjustment ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.14(b).
     “ Grossed-Up IAS Penalties and Interest Payment ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.14(b).

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     “ Grossed-Up Penalties and Interest Payment ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.12(d)(iv).
     “ Hazardous Substance ” means any substance that is, in relevant form or concentration: (i) limited, prohibited or regulated pursuant to any Environmental Law; or (ii) any petroleum product or by-product, asbestos-containing material, lead-containing paint or plumbing, polychlorinated biphenyls, radioactive materials or radon.
     “ IAS ” means Investacorp Advisory Services, Inc., a Florida corporation.
     “ IAS Adjustment ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.14(b).
     “ IAS Escrow Agreement ” has the meaning specified in Section 1.7.
     “ IAS Form ADV ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.25(e)(i).
     “ IAS Stock ” has the meaning specified in Section 1.2.
     “ IAS Stock Transfer Documents ” has the meaning specified in Section 1.7.
     “ IAS Transfer Date ” has the meaning specified in Section 1.2.
     “ Indemnified Party ” has the meaning specified in Section 6.4.
     “ Indemnifying Party ” has the meaning specified in Section 6.4.
     “ Investacorp ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.5.
     “ Investacorp Company/Investacorp Companies” has the meaning specified in Recitals.
     “ Investment Advisers Act ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.25(e)(i).
     “ IRS ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.11(n).

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     “ Knowledge ” means, (i) when used with respect to, individually or collectively, the Stockholders or any of the Companies, the actual (and not constructive) knowledge of Zwigard, Scott Sherwood, Patrick Farrell, Randy Nestel or Asela Mantecon, without duty of inquiry, and (ii) when used with respect to LTFS, the actual (and not constructive) knowledge of Lampen, Mark Zeitchick, Diane Chillemi, Joseph Giovanniello or Frost, without duty of inquiry.
     “ Leases ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.9(b).
     “ Lien ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.3.
     “ LTFS ” has the meaning specified in the Preamble.
     “ LTFS Companies ” means LTFS and its subsidiaries, including Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc., the wholly-owned principal operating subsidiary of LTFS, and including, from and after the Closing, each and all of the Companies.
     “ LTFS Financial Statements ” has the meaning specified in Section 3.5(a).
     “ LTFS Schedule ” has the meaning specified in the preamble to Article III.
     “ LTFS SEC Filings ” has the meaning specified in Section 3.5(a).
     “ LTFS Stock ” means the common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of LTFS.
     “ LTFS Transaction Document(s) ” has the meaning specified in Section 5.2(d).
     “ Material Adverse Effect ” means, when used in connection with an entity, any change, event or effect that is materially adverse to the consolidated businesses, assets (including intangible assets), revenues, financial condition, or results of operations of such entity and each and all of its Affiliates, taken as a whole, it being understood that none of the following, alone or in combination, shall be deemed to constitute a Material Adverse Effect: (i) changes, events or effects attributable to the public announcement or pendency of the transactions contemplated hereby, (ii) changes, events or effects attributable to general global, national or regional economic and/or political conditions or which affect the market area or industry of such entity (including fluctuations of any magnitude in interest rates, currency rates, taxes, changes in any laws and/or regulations applicable to such entity), (iii) changes, events or effects attributable to changes in U.S. GAAP, (iv) changes, events or effects attributable to actions or omissions of a Party taken with the prior informed written consent of the other Party, (v) changes, events or

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effects attributable to the transactions contemplated hereby or resulting from a Party’s compliance with the terms or conditions of this Agreement, and/or (vi) costs and expenses incurred, accrued or to be incurred or accrued in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, including employee severance costs and attorneys’ and accountants’ fees.
     “ NASD ” means The National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. and, where the context requires, its affiliate, NASD Regulation, Inc.
     “ Net Worth Reimbursements ” has the meaning specified in Section 1.6(a).
     “ Net Worth Reimbursements Estimate ” has the meaning specified in Section 1.6(a).
     “ Note ” has the meaning specified in Section 1.4.
     “ Part 1 Fees ” has the meaning specified in Section 1.6(a).
     “ Parties ” has the meaning specified in the definition of “Party.”
     “ Party ” means, as the context requires, the Stockholders and the Companies, on the one hand, and LTFS, on the other hand (collectively, the “ Parties ”).
     “ PBGC ” means the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation, or any successor thereto.
     “ Permits ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.7.
     “ Person ” means any individual or Entity.
     “ Pledge Agreement ” has the meaning specified in Section 1.5.
     “ Post-Execution Customer Proceeding(s) ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.6(d).
     “ Pre-Closing Compensation Plan ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.6.
     “ Post-Closing Payment ” has the meaning specified on Schedule 1.8 .
     “ Proceedings ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.10.
     “ Purchase Price ” has the meaning specified in Section 1.4.
     “ Representatives ” of any Party means such Party’s employees, accountants, auditors, actuaries, counsel, financial advisors, bankers, investment bankers and consultants.
     “ Returns ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.11(b).
     “ Securities Act ” the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

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     “ Services ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.14.
     “ Short Year Return ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.12(a).
     “ SIPC ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.25(c)(iv).
     “ Stockholders ” has the meaning specified in the Preamble.
     “ Stock Option Agreement ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.7(b)
     “ Tax ” or “ Taxes ” means all income, gross receipts, sales, stock transfer, excise, bulk transfer, use, employment, franchise, profits, property or other taxes, fees, stamp taxes and duties, assessments, levies or charges of any kind whatsoever (whether payable directly by a Party or by or with the other Party), together with any interest and any penalties, additions to tax or additional amounts imposed by any taxing authority with respect thereto.
     “ Tax Ruling ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.11(g).
     “ Third Party Claim ” means any Claim made with respect to any claim, demand, suit, proceeding or action made by a Person other than a Party or any Affiliate of such Party.
     “ Transaction Documents ” mean, collectively, this Agreement, the Company Transaction Documents and the LTFS Transaction Documents.
     “ True-Up ” has the meaning specified in Section 1.6(c).
     “ True-Up Results Notice ” has the meaning specified in Section 1.6(c).
     “ Unaudited Investacorp Companies Financial Statements ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.6(a)(ii).
     “ Unaudited VIA Companies Financial Statements ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.6(a)(iii).
     “ under common control with ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.25(c)(vii).
     “ U.S. GAAP ” has the meaning specified in Section 2.6(a).
     “ VIA Company/VIA Companies ” has the meaning specified in the Recitals.
     “ Working Capital Loan ” has the meaning specified in Section 4.14.
     “ Zwigard ” has the meaning specified in the Preamble.
     “ Zwigard Contribution ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.6.

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ARTICLE IX
GENERAL PROVISIONS
     SECTION 9.1 Notices . All notices, demands, requests and other communications required or permitted hereunder (each, a “Notice”) shall be in writing, and shall be (i) personally delivered; (ii) sent by a nationally recognized overnight delivery service; or (iii) sent by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested. All Notices personally delivered shall be deemed effective when actually delivered as documented in a delivery receipt. All Notices sent by a nationally recognized overnight delivery service shall be deemed effective and received one (1) Business Day following delivery by the sender to such delivery service. All Notices sent by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, shall be deemed effective and received five (5) days after having been deposited in the United States mail. Any Party may designate a change of address, or require that Notices be provided to additional persons, upon written Notice to and receipt by the other Party. The Parties agree that legal counsel for any Party may provide notice hereunder on behalf of such Party. All Notices shall be sent to the addressee at its address set forth following its name below:
(a)     If to the Stockholders:
c/o Investacorp, Inc.
15450 New Barn Road
Miami Lakes, Florida 33014
Attention: Bruce Zwigard, President
If to LTFS:
Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc.
4400 Biscayne Boulevard, 12 th Floor
Miami, Florida 33137
Attention: Richard Lampen, President
and
Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc.
153 East 53 rd Street, 49 th Floor
New York, New York 10022
Attention: Joseph Giovanniello, Esq.

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In each case with a copy to:
Graubard Miller
The Chrysler Building
405 Lexington Avenue, 19 th Floor
New York, New York 10174-1901
Attention: David Alan Miller, Esq.
and
Bilzin Sumberg Baena Price & Axelrod LLP
200 S. Biscayne Boulevard, Suite 2500
Miami, Florida 33131-5340
Attention: Alan D. Axelrod, Esq.
     SECTION 9.2 Amendment . This Agreement may not be amended or modified except by an instrument in writing signed by the Parties.
     SECTION 9.3 Waiver . A Party may (a) extend the time for the performance of any of the obligations or other acts of the other Party, (b) waive any inaccuracies in the representations and warranties contained herein or in any document delivered pursuant hereto and (c) waive compliance with any of the agreements or conditions contained herein. Any such extension or waiver shall be valid only if set forth in an instrument in writing signed by the Party to be bound thereby. No waiver by any Party of any term or condition of this Agreement, in any one or more instances, shall be deemed to be or construed as a waiver of the same or any other term or condition of this Agreement on any future occasion.
     SECTION 9.4 Interpretation . The table of contents and headings contained in this Agreement are for reference purposes only and shall not affect in any way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. In this Agreement, unless a clear contrary intention appears:
          (a) references in this Agreement to Sections, Articles, Recitals, Exhibits, Schedules or Preamble refer to the sections, articles, recitals, exhibits, schedules or main preamble, respectively, of this Agreement;
          (b) the words “include,” “includes” and “including” when used herein shall be deemed in each case (unless already stated) to be followed by the words “without limitation”;
          (c) when a reference is made in this Agreement to a certain number of days, such reference shall be deemed to refer to “calendar” days unless the reference expressly indicates that the reference is being made with respect to Business Days;
          (d) the phrases “the date of this Agreement,” “the date hereof,” and terms of similar import, unless the context otherwise requires, shall be deemed to refer to the date first set forth in the Preamble;
          (e) accounting terms used but not otherwise defined herein have the meanings given to them under U.S. GAAP;
          (f) the term “dollars” or “$” means United States Dollars;

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          (g) the masculine, feminine or neuter gender and the singular or plural number shall be deemed to include the others whenever the context so requires;
          (h) words such as “herein,” “hereinafter,” “hereof,” “hereby” and “hereunder” and the words of like import refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other provision hereof;
          (i) references to documents, instruments or agreements shall be deemed to refer as well to all addenda, exhibits, schedules or amendments thereto;
          (j) with respect to the determination of any period of time, “from” means “from and including” and “to” means “to but excluding”; and
          (k) reference to any Person includes such Person’s permitted successors and assigns (including, if such Person is deceased or incapacitated, such Person’s duly appointed representatives or attorneys-in-fact, as applicable), and reference to a Person in a particular capacity excludes such Person in any other capacity or individually.
     SECTION 9.5 Severability . If any term or other provision of this Agreement is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any rule of law or public policy, all other conditions and provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect so long as the economic or legal substance of the transactions contemplated hereby is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any Party.
     SECTION 9.6 Entire Agreement . This Agreement (including the Schedules and Exhibits hereto), together with any confidentiality agreement previously executed by the Parties, constitute the entire agreement and supersede all prior agreements and undertakings, both written and oral, among the Parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and, except as otherwise expressly provided herein, are not intended to confer upon any other Person any rights or remedies hereunder. The Parties specifically represent, each to the other, that there are no additional or supplemental agreements among them related in any way to the matters herein contained unless specifically included or referred to herein. Each Party hereby acknowledges and agrees that, except for the representations and warranties of the other Parties expressly set forth in this Agreement, none of such other Parties has made any representation or warranty, express or implied, and all such other representations and warranties are hereby expressly disclaimed. Each Party hereby further acknowledges and agrees that, except for the representations and warranties expressly set forth in this Agreement, such Party has not relied, with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, on any statement, information or documents communicated, furnished or otherwise made available to such acknowledging Party and/or its advisors, auditors and other representatives.
     SECTION 9.7 Benefit . This Agreement may not be assigned (whether directly or indirectly, by operation of law or otherwise) by any Party without the prior written consent of the other Party. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors of the Parties. The terms and provisions of this Agreement are intended solely for the benefit of each Party hereto and their respective successors or permitted assigns, and it is not the intention of the Parties to confer third-party beneficiary rights upon any other Person other than any Person entitled to indemnity under Article VI.

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     SECTION 9.8 Governing Law . This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the law of the State of Florida without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law.
     SECTION 9.9 Counterparts; Facsimile Signatures . This Agreement and each other document executed in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, and the consummation thereof, may be executed in one or more counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same document and shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each of the Parties and delivered to the other Party, it being understood that all Parties need not sign the same counterpart. Delivery by facsimile or e-mail transmission in PDF format to counsel for the other Party of a counterpart executed by a Party shall be deemed to meet the requirements of the previous sentence and to constitute good and effective delivery for all purposes.
     SECTION 9.10 Consent to Jurisdiction and Service of Process . Each Stockholder and Company hereby irrevocably appoints Bruce Zwigard, at his offices at 15450 New Barn Road, Miami Lakes, Florida 33014, and LTFS hereby irrevocably appoints the President of LTFS, at its offices at 4400 Biscayne Boulevard, Miami, Florida 33137, its lawful agent and attorney to accept and acknowledge service of any and all process against it in any action, suit or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or any of the Transaction Documents or any of the transactions contemplated thereby and upon whom such process may be served, with the same effect as if such Party were a resident of the State of Florida and had been lawfully served with such process in such jurisdiction, and waives all claims of error by reason of such service, provided that in the case of any service upon such agent and attorney, the Party effecting such service shall also deliver a copy thereof to the other Parties at the address and in the manner specified in Section 9.2. The Parties will enter into such agreements with such agents as may be necessary to constitute and continue the appointment of such agents hereunder. In the event that such agent and attorney resigns or otherwise becomes incapable of acting as such, such Party will appoint a successor agent and attorney in Miami-Dade County, Florida, reasonably satisfactory to the other Parties, with like powers. Each Party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida or any court of the State of Florida located in Miami-Dade County, Florida, in any such action, suit or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or any of the Transaction Documents or any of the transactions contemplated thereby, and agrees that any such action, suit or proceeding shall be brought only in such court; provided, however, that (i) such exclusive jurisdiction shall not apply to the resolution of claims for indemnity pursuant to Article VI, each and all of which shall be resolved in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section 6.5(a), and (ii) such consent to jurisdiction is solely for the purpose referred to in this Section 9.10 and shall not be deemed to be a general submission to the jurisdiction of said courts or in the State of Florida other than for such purpose. Subject to the immediately preceding proviso, each Party hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any objection that it may now or hereafter have to the laying of the venue of any such action, suit or proceeding brought in such a court and any claim that any such action, suit or proceeding brought in such a court has been brought in an inconvenient forum.

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     SECTION 9.11 Waiver of Jury Trial . EACH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE) ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE ACTIONS OF THE PARTIES HERETO IN THE NEGOTIATION, ADMINISTRATION, PERFORMANCE AND ENFORCEMENT THEREOF.
     SECTION 9.12 Specific Performance . The Parties agree that irreparable damage would occur in the event that any of the provisions of this Agreement were not performed in accordance with their specific terms or were otherwise breached, except for those provisions with respect to which indemnification under Article VI is the sole and exclusive remedy as provided in Section 6.9. It is accordingly agreed that, except as provided in Section 6.9, and except in the event that a Party elects to terminate this Agreement pursuant to Section 7.1(c) or (d), as applicable (in which case, the remedies set forth in Section 7.2 shall govern), the Parties shall be entitled to seek an injunction or injunctions to prevent breaches of this Agreement and/or any other Transaction Document to enforce specifically the terms and provisions hereof and thereof in any court of the United States or any state having jurisdiction (including in connection with any failure to close in violation of this Agreement), this being in addition to any other remedy to which they are entitled hereunder, at law or in equity.
     SECTION 9.13 Rules of Construction . The Parties agree that they have been represented by counsel during the negotiation and execution of this Agreement and, therefore, waive the application of any law, regulation, holding or rule of construction providing that ambiguities in an agreement or other document will be construed against the Party drafting such agreement or document.
[SIGNATURES LOCATED ON THE NEXT PAGE.]

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     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused this Agreement to be executed as of the date first written above.
         
  LTFS :


LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

 
  By:   /s/ Richard J. Lampen    
    Name:   Richard J. Lampen   
    Title:   President and CEO   
 
         
  STOCKHOLDERS :
 
 
  /s/ Bruce A. Zwigard    
  Bruce A. Zwigard   
     
 
         
  BRUCE A. ZWIGARD GRANTOR RETAINED ANNUITY TRUST, dated June 20, 2007

 
  By:   /s/ Bruce A. Zwigard    
    Name:   Bruce A. Zwigard   
    Title:   Trustee   
 
         
  INVESTACORP COMPANIES :


INVESTACORP INC.

 
 
  By:   /s/ Bruce A. Zwigard    
    Name:   Bruce A. Zwigard   
    Title:   Chairman and CEO   
 
         
  INVESTACORP ADVISORY SERVICES, INC.
 
  By:   /s/ Bruce A. Zwigard    
    Name:   Bruce A. Zwigard   
    Title:   Chairman and CEO   
 
[ First signature page to Stock Purchase Agreement.
Signatures continue on the next page
.]

 


 

         
  INVESTACORP GROUP, INC.
 
 
  By:   /s/ Bruce A. Zwigard    
    Name:   Bruce A. Zwigard   
    Title:   Chairman and CEO   
 
         
  VIA COMPANIES :


VALOR INSURANCE AGENCY INC.

 
 
  By:   /s/ Bruce A. Zwigard    
    Name:   Bruce A. Zwigard   
    Title:   Chairman and CEO   
 
         
  VALOR INSURANCE AGENCY OF MAINE, INC.
 
  By:   /s/ Bruce A. Zwigard    
    Name:   Bruce A. Zwigard   
    Title:   Chairman and CEO   
 
         
  VALOR INSURANCE AGENCY OF MASSACHUSETTS, INC.
 
  By:   /s/ Bruce A. Zwigard    
    Name:   Bruce A. Zwigard   
    Title:   Chairman and CEO   
 
         
  VIA INSURANCE AGENCY, INC.
 
 
  By:   /s/ Bruce A. Zwigard    
    Name:   Bruce A. Zwigard   
    Title:   Chairman and CEO   
 
[ Second signature page to Stock Purchase Agreement.
Signatures continue on the next page
.]

 


 

         
  VALOR INSURANCE AGENCY OF ALABAMA, INC.
 
  By:   /s/ Bruce A. Zwigard    
    Name:   Bruce A. Zwigard   
    Title:   Chairman and CEO   
 
         
  VALOR INSURANCE AGENCY OF TEXAS, INC
 
  By:   /s/ Bruce A. Zwigard    
    Name:   Bruce A. Zwigard   
    Title:   Chairman and CEO   
 
[ Third and final signature page to Stock Purchase Agreement. ]

 

 

EXHIBIT 10.2
LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
4400 Biscayne Boulevard, 12
th Floor
Miami, Florida 33137
October 19, 2007
Mr. Bruce Zwigard
c/o Investacorp, Inc.
15450 New Barn Road
Miami Lakes, Florida 33014
Dear Mr. Zwigard:
     We are pleased to inform you that Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. (the “Company”) has granted you a nonqualified option (the “Option”) to purchase 3,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $.0001 per share (the “Common Stock”), at a purchase price of $1.91 per share (any of the underlying shares of Common Stock to be issued upon exercise of the Option are referred to hereinafter as the “Shares”). Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the employment agreement of even date herewith between you and the Company (“Employment Agreement”).
     1. Subject to the terms hereof, the Option may be exercised on or prior to October 19, 2017 (after which date the Option will, to the extent not previously exercised, expire). The Option shall vest and become exercisable as to 1,000,000 of the Shares on and after each of October 19, 2008, 2009 and 2010, provided you are then employed by the Company and/or one of its present or future subsidiaries or affiliates (for purposes of this letter agreement (this “Agreement”), any other entity controlling, controlled by, or under common control with, the Company); provided , however , that the entire Option shall vest earlier and become immediately exercisable in the event (a) that your employment under the Employment Agreement is terminated by reason of your death or Disability, (b) that your employment under the Employment Agreement is terminated by the Board without Cause, (c) that your employment under the Employment Agreement is terminated by you for Good Reason, (d) you duly accelerate the Note in accordance with its terms or (e) of any Change in Control (the foregoing (a) through (e) are collectively referred to herein as “Vesting Events”).
     2. The Option, from and after the date it vests and becomes exercisable pursuant to Section 1 hereof, may be exercised in whole or in part by delivering to the Company a written notice of exercise in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (or such other form approved by the Company), specifying the number of the Shares to be purchased and the purchase price therefor, together with payment of the purchase price of the Shares to be purchased. The purchase price is to be paid in cash or, with the prior approval of the Compensation Committee of the Company’s

 


 

Mr. Bruce Zwigard
October 19, 2007
Page 2
Board of Directors, by delivering shares of Common Stock already owned by you for at least six months and having a Fair Market Value (as hereinafter defined) on the date of exercise equal to the purchase price of the Option being exercised, or a combination of such shares and cash. For purposes of the immediately preceding sentence, the term “Fair Market Value” means as of any given date: (i) if the Common Stock is listed on a national securities exchange, the last sale price of the Common Stock in the principal trading market for the Common Stock as reported by the exchange; (ii) if the Common Stock is not listed on a national securities exchange, but is traded in the over-the-counter market, the closing bid price for the Common Stock; and (iii) if the fair market value of the Common Stock cannot be determined pursuant to clause (i) or (ii) above, such price as the Compensation Committee shall determine, in good faith.
          In addition, payment of the purchase price of the Shares to be purchased may also be made by delivering a properly executed notice to the Company, together with a copy of the irrevocable instructions to a broker to deliver promptly to the Company the amount of sale or loan proceeds necessary to pay the purchase price, and, if required, the amount of any federal, state and local withholding taxes.
          No Shares shall be issued until full payment therefor has been made. You shall have all of the rights of a stockholder of the Company holding the Common Stock that is subject to the Option (including, if applicable, the right to vote the Shares and the right to receive dividends thereon), when you have given written notice of exercise, have paid the Company in full for such Shares and, if requested, have given the certificate described in Section 8 hereof.
     3. In the event your employment under the Employment Agreement is terminated by the Board with Cause or by you without Good Reason, the Option shall forthwith terminate; provided that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, (i) if a Vesting Event has occurred, or your employment has terminated upon or following expiration of the stated initial three-year term of your Employment Agreement, you may exercise any then unexercised portion of the Option prior to the expiration of the Option on October 19, 2017, and (ii) if your employment is terminated by you without Good Reason at any time, you may exercise any then unexercised portion of the Option then vested and exercisable pursuant to Section 1 hereof prior to the expiration of the Option on October 19, 2017. In the event of your death or Disability, the Option may be exercised by your personal representative or representatives or by the person or persons to whom your rights under the Option shall pass by will or by the applicable laws of descent and distribution.
     4. The Option is not transferable except by will or the applicable laws of descent and distribution. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with the prior approval of the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors (which prior approval shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed), you may transfer the Option (i) (A) by gift, for no consideration, or (B) pursuant to a domestic relations order, in either case, to or for the benefit of your “Immediate Family” (as defined below), or (ii) to an entity in which you and/or members of your Immediate Family collectively own more than fifty percent of the voting interest, in exchange for an interest in that entity, provided that such transfer is being made for estate, tax and/or personal planning

 


 

Mr. Bruce Zwigard
October 19, 2007
Page 3
purposes and will not have adverse tax consequences to the Company and subject to the execution of such documents as the Compensation Committee may reasonably require. In such event, the transferee shall remain subject to all the terms and conditions applicable to the Option prior to such transfer. The term “Immediate Family” shall mean any child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, spouse, former spouse, sibling, niece, nephew, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law or sister-in-law, including adoptive relationships, any person sharing your household (other than a tenant or employee), a trust in which one or more of such persons own more than fifty percent voting interest, and a foundation in which one or more of such persons (or you) control the management of the assets.
     5. In the event of any change in the shares of Common Stock of the Company as a whole occurring as the result of a stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend payable on shares of Common Stock, combination or exchange of shares, or other extraordinary or unusual event occurring after the date hereof, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) shall make appropriate adjustments in the terms of the Option to preserve the economic interest of the grant. Any such adjustments will be made by the Board, whose determination will be final, binding and conclusive.
     6. The grant of the Option does not confer on you any right to continue in the employ of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates or interfere in any way with the right of the Board to terminate the term of your employment in accordance with the terms of the Employment Agreement.
     7. The Company shall require as a condition to the exercise of any portion of the Option that you pay to the Company, or make other arrangements regarding the payment of, any federal, state or local taxes required by law to be withheld as a result of such exercise.
     8. Unless at the time of the exercise of any portion of the Option a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”), is in effect as to the Shares, the Shares shall be acquired for investment and not for sale or distribution, and if the Company so requests, upon any exercise of the Option, in whole or in part, you agree to execute and deliver to the Company a reasonable certificate to such effect. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company acknowledges that, pursuant to Section 4(g) of the Employment Agreement, the Company has agreed to (a) use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Shares to be listed on AMEX and (b) file a registration statement on Form S-8 with the Securities and Exchange Commission registering the offer and sale of the Shares and cause such registration to remain effective at all times until the earlier to occur of (i) the exercise of all of the Option by Employee or (ii) the expiration of the Option. The Company’s obligations pursuant to Section 4(g) of the Employment Agreement are hereby incorporated herein by this reference as if Section 4(g) of the Employment Agreement was fully set forth in its entirety herein.
     9. You agree to abide by all of the Company’s policies in effect at the time you acquire any Shares and thereafter, including the Company’s Insider Trading Policy, with respect to the ownership and trading of the Company’s securities.

 


 

Mr. Bruce Zwigard
October 19, 2007
Page 4
     10. The Company represents and warrants to you as follows: (i) this Agreement and the grant of the Option hereunder have been authorized by all necessary corporate action by the Company and this Agreement is a valid and binding agreement of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms; (ii) the Company will obtain, at its expense, any regulatory and stock exchange approvals necessary or advisable in connection with the grant of the Option and the issuance of the Shares; and (iii) the Company currently has reserved and available, and will continue to have reserved and available during the term of the Option, sufficient authorized and unissued shares of its Common Stock for issuance upon exercise of the Option.
     11. This Agreement and the Employment Agreement contain all the understandings between the Company and you pertaining to the matters referred to herein, and supercedes all other undertakings and agreements, whether oral or in writing, previously entered into by the Company and you with respect hereto. No provision of this Agreement may be amended or waived unless such amendment or waiver is agreed to in writing signed by you and a duly authorized officer of the Company. No waiver by the Company or you of any breach by the other party hereto of any condition or provision of this Agreement to be performed by such other party shall be deemed a waiver of a similar or dissimilar condition or provision at the same time, any prior time or any subsequent time. If any provision of this Agreement or the application of any such provision to any party or circumstances shall be determined by any court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid and unenforceable to any extent, the remainder of this Agreement or the application of such provision to such person or circumstances other than those to which it is so determined to be invalid and unenforceable, shall not be affected thereby, and each provision hereof shall be validated and shall be enforced to the fullest extent permitted by law. This Agreement will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Florida, without regard to its conflicts of laws principles. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.
[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]

 


 

Mr. Bruce Zwigard
October 19, 2007
Page 5
     Would you kindly evidence your acceptance of the Option and your agreement to comply with the provisions hereof by executing this Agreement in the space provided below.
         
  Very truly yours,

LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.


 
 
  By:   /s/ Richard J. Lampen    
    Richard J. Lampen  
    President and Chief Executive Officer   
 
AGREED TO AND ACCEPTED:
/s/ Bruce Zwigard
BRUCE ZWIGARD

 


 

EXHIBIT A
Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc.
4400 Biscayne Boulevard, 12 th Floor
Miami, Florida 33137
Gentlemen:
     Notice is hereby given of my election to purchase _________ shares of Common Stock, $.0001 par value (the “Shares”), of Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc., at a price of $_________ per Share, pursuant to the provisions of the stock option granted to me as of October 19, 2007. Enclosed in payment for the Shares is:
    o my check or wire transfer in the amount of $__________________.
 
    o with the consent of the Company, _________ Shares having a total value of $____________, such value being based on the closing price(s) of the Shares on the date hereof.
     The following information is supplied for use in issuing and registering the Shares purchased hereby:
         
 
  Number of Certificates and Denominations    
 
       
 
       
 
  Name    
 
       
 
       
 
  Address    
 
       
 
       
 
       
 
       
 
       
 
       
 
       
 
       
 
       
 
       
 
       
 
  Social Security No.    
 
       
 
       
Dated:
       
 
      Very truly yours,
 
       
 
       
 
      Bruce Zwigard

 

 

EXHIBIT 10.3
     THIS SECURITY HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR ANY STATE SECURITIES LAWS. NEITHER THIS SECURITY NOR ANY SHARE MAY BE SOLD OR TRANSFERRED ABSENT SUCH REGISTRATION OR AN EXEMPTION THEREFROM.
     Effective Date: October 19, 2007
WARRANT TO PURCHASE COMMON STOCK
LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
EXPIRING OCTOBER 19, 2017 (THE “EXPIRATION DATE”)
     THIS WARRANT CERTIFIES THAT Frost Gamma Investments Trust or their permitted assigns (“Holder”), for good and valuable consideration, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, has been granted the right to purchase from Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc., a Florida corporation (the “Company”), at any time and from time to time, for a period commencing on the Effective Date (as defined below) and ending on the Expiration Date, 2,000,000 (the “Warrant Number”) validly issued, fully-paid and non-assessable shares (the “Shares”) of the Company’s common stock, par value $.0001 per share, subject to adjustment as provided herein, at the exercise price of $1.91 per share (the “Exercise Price”).
     1.  Term of Warrant . Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, this Warrant shall be exercisable, in whole or in part, during the term (“Term”) commencing at 9:00 a.m., New York, New York time, on the date hereof (the “Effective Date”) and ending at 5:00 p.m., New York, New York time on the Expiration Date, and shall be void thereafter.
     2.  Exercise of Warrant.
     2.1. Manner of Exercise . The purchase rights represented by this Warrant are exercisable by the Holder in whole or in part, at any time, or from time to time, during the Term, by the surrender of this Warrant and the Notice of Exercise (in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit A), duly completed and executed on behalf of the Holder, at the office of the Company (or such other office or agency of the Company as it may designate by notice in writing to the Holder), upon payment of the purchase price of the Shares to be purchased (i) in cash or wire transfer to an account designated by the Company, (ii) by tender for cancellation of a portion of the Company’s 11% notes due 2012, (iii) by a Net Issue Election as provided for below or (iv) a combination of the foregoing.
     2.2. Time of Exercise . This Warrant shall be deemed to have been exercised immediately prior to the close of business on the date of its surrender for exercise as provided above (the “Exercise Date”), and the Person entitled to receive the Shares issuable upon such exercise shall be treated for all purposes as the holder of record of such Shares as of the close of business on such date. As used in this Warrant, “Person” shall mean an individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, joint stock company, government (or any agency or political subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.
     2.3. Delivery of Certificate and Revised Warrant . As promptly as practicable on or after the Exercise Date and in any event within fifteen (15) days thereafter, the Company at its expense, will issue and deliver to the Person(s) entitled to receive the same a certificate or certificates for the number of Shares issuable upon such exercise or other appropriate written evidence of the issuance of the Shares. In the event that this Warrant is exercised in part, the Company at its expense shall execute and deliver a new Warrant of like tenor exercisable for the number of Shares for which this Warrant may then be exercised at the same time.
     2.4. No Fractional Shares . No fractional Shares or scrip representing fractional Shares shall be issued upon the exercise of this Warrant. In lieu of any fractional Share to which the Holder would otherwise be entitled, the Company shall make a cash payment equal to the Exercise Price multiplied by such fraction.

 


 

     2.5. Net Issue Exercise . Notwithstanding any provisions herein to the contrary, if the fair market value of one Share is greater than the Exercise Price, in lieu of exercising this Warrant for cash, the Holder may elect to receive Shares equal to the value (as determined below) of this Warrant (or the portion thereof being canceled) by surrender of this Warrant at the principal office of the Company together with the properly endorsed Notice of Exercise and notice of such election in which event the Company shall issue to the Holder a number of Shares computed using the following formula:
         
X
  =   Y (A-B)
 
      A
     Where:
     X = the number of Shares to be issued to the Holder
     Y = the number of Shares purchasable under the Warrant or, if only a portion of the Warrant is being exercised, the portion of the Warrant being canceled (at the date of such calculation)
     A = the fair market value of one Share (at the date of such calculation)
     B = Exercise Price
     For purposes of the above calculation, fair market value of one Share shall be determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Company; provided, however, that where there exists a public market for the Shares at the time of such exercise, the fair market value per Share shall be the last reported sale price of the Common Stock or the closing price quoted on the American Stock Exchange, the Nasdaq Stock Market, the OTC Bulletin Board or on any exchange or market on which the Common Stock is listed, whichever is applicable, on the Exercise Date.
     3.  Adjustments to the Shares .
     3.1. Merger, Sale of Assets, etc . If at any time while this Warrant, or any portion thereof, is outstanding and unexpired there shall be (i) a reorganization (other than a combination, reclassification, exchange or subdivision of securities otherwise provided for herein), (ii) a merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another entity in which the Company is not the surviving entity, or a reverse triangular merger in which the Company is the surviving entity but the Company’s shares of capital stock outstanding immediately prior to the merger are converted by virtue of the merger into other property, whether in the form of securities, cash or otherwise, or (iii) a sale or transfer of the Company’s properties and assets as, or substantially as, an entirety to any other person, this Warrant shall thereafter represent the right to acquire the number of Shares or other securities or property which the Holder of this Warrant would have owned immediately after the consummation of such reorganization, merger, consolidation, sale or transfer, if the Holder of this Warrant had exercised this Warrant immediately before the effective date of the reorganization, merger, consolidation, sale or transfer.
     3.2. Reclassification, etc . If the Company, at any time while this Warrant, or any portion hereof, remains outstanding and unexpired by reclassification of securities or otherwise, shall change any of the securities as to which purchase rights under this Warrant exist into the same or a different number of securities of any other class or classes, this Warrant shall thereafter represent the right to acquire such number and kind of securities as would have been issuable as the result of such change with respect to the securities that were subject to the purchase rights under this Warrant immediately prior to such reclassification or other change and the Warrant Number shall be appropriately adjusted, all subject to further adjustment as provided for herein.
     3.3. Split, Subdivision or Combination of Shares . If the Company at any time while this Warrant, or any portion hereof, remains outstanding and unexpired shall split, subdivide or combine the securities as to which purchase rights under this Warrant exist, into a different number of securities of the same class, the Warrant Number shall be proportionately increased (and the Exercise Price decreased correspondingly) in the case of a split or subdivision or proportionately decreased (and the Exercise Price increased correspondingly) in the case of a combination.

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     3.4. Adjustments for Dividends in Shares or Other Securities or Property . If while this Warrant, or any portion hereof, remains outstanding and unexpired, the holders of the securities as to which purchase rights under this Warrant exist at the time shall have received, or, on or after the record date fixed for the determination of eligible shareholders, shall have become entitled to receive, without payment therefor, other or additional securities or property (other than cash) of the Company by way of dividend, then and in each case, this Warrant shall represent the right to acquire, in addition to the number of Shares receivable upon exercise of this Warrant, and without payment of any additional consideration therefor, the amount of such other or additional securities or property (other than cash) of the Company that such Holder would hold on the date of such exercise had it been the holder of record of the security receivable upon exercise of this Warrant on the date hereof and had thereafter, during the period from the date hereof to and including the date of such exercise, retained such Shares and/or all other additional securities available to it as aforesaid during such period, giving effect to all adjustments called for during such period by the provisions of this Warrant.
     4.  Certificate as to Adjustments . Upon the occurrence of each adjustment or readjustment pursuant to Section 3, the Company at its expense shall promptly compute such adjustment or readjustment in accordance with the terms hereof and furnish to each Holder a certificate setting forth, in reasonable detail, the event requiring the adjustment or readjustment, the amount of such adjustment or readjustment, the method by which such adjustment or readjustment was calculated, the Exercise Price, and the number of Shares and the amount, if any, of other property that at the time would be received upon the exercise of the Warrant. The Company shall upon the written request, at any time, of any such Holder, furnish or cause to be furnished to such Holder a like certificate.
     5.  Share Legend. Each certificate for Shares issued upon exercise of this Warrant may bear the following legend, unless at the time of exercise such Shares are registered under the Securities Act:
     THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933. THESE SECURITIES HAVE BEEN ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT AND NOT WITH A VIEW TO DISTRIBUTION OR RESALE, AND MAY NOT BE MORTGAGED, PLEDGED, HYPOTHECATED OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED WITHOUT AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FOR SUCH SECURITIES UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 UNLESS REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED UNDER SUCH ACT.
     6.  Shares to be Fully Paid. The Company will issue Shares pursuant to this Warrant as fully paid, non-assessable and free from all liens and encumbrances.
     7.  Company to Reserve Shares. At all times before the date on which the Warrant expires (the “Expiration Date”), the Company will reserve and keep available, free from preemptive rights, out of its authorized but unissued Shares or Shares held in the treasury of the Company, for the purpose of effecting the exercise of this Warrant, the full number of Shares then deliverable upon the exercise of this Warrant. The issuance of this Warrant shall constitute full authority to those officers of the Company who are charged with the duty of executing stock certificates to execute and issue the necessary certificates for Shares upon exercise of this Warrant.
     8.  Exchange of Warrant. The Holder may exchange this Warrant, at the Company’s expense, at any time prior to the Expiration Date, by surrendering this Warrant to the Company, for other warrant certificates, upon the same terms and conditions of this Warrant, which in the aggregate entitle the Holders to purchase the balance of Shares then covered by this Warrant.
     9.  No Rights as Stockholder. Except as otherwise provided herein, this Warrant will not entitle the Holder to any of the rights of a stockholder of the Company, including, without limitation, the right to vote or to receive distributions.
     10.  Amendment. This Warrant may not be amended except with the prior written consent of the Holder and the Company. Any instrument given by or on behalf of the Holder in connection with any consent to any modification or amendment will be conclusive and binding on all subsequent holders of this Warrant.
     11. Loss, Theft, Destruction or Mutilation of Warrant . The Company covenants that upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably satisfactory to it of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant or

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any stock certificate relating to the Shares, and in case of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to it (which, in the case of the Warrant, shall not include the posting of any bond), and upon surrender and cancellation of such Warrant or stock certificate, if mutilated, the Company issue or cause to be issued a new Warrant or stock certificate of like tenor and dated as of such cancellation, in lieu of such Warrant or stock certificate.
     12.  Transfer. The securities evidenced hereby have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933 or any state securities laws; such securities may not be transferred, sold, pledged, or otherwise disposed of unless such securities are registered under the Securities Act of 1933 and such state laws or such transactions are exempt from the registration requirements thereof. Upon surrender of this Warrant as a result of a transfer hereof, the Company, at the expense of the transferee or transferor hereof, as the transferee and transferor may decide between themselves, will issue and deliver to, or to the order of, the transferee a new Warrant in the name of such transferee, or as such transferee (on payment by such transferee of any applicable transfer taxes) may direct, calling in the aggregate on the face thereof for the number of Shares called for on the face of this Warrant. As a condition to effecting any transfer, the Holder shall notify the Company of the proposed transfer by delivering a Notice of and Form of Assignment (in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit B), duly completed and executed on behalf of the Holder at the office of the Company (or such other office or agency of the Company as it may designate by notice in writing to the Holder).
     13.  Successors and Assigns. This Warrant shall not be assignable by the Company without the prior written consent of the Holder and any such assignment in violation hereof shall be null and void. Subject to the foregoing, this Warrant shall bind and inure to the benefit of the Company and its permitted successors and assigns, the Holder and its successors and assigns.
     14.  Applicable Law. This Warrant shall be construed in accordance with, and governed by, the laws of the State of Florida without giving effect to the conflict of laws provisions thereof.
     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant to be duly executed as of the Effective Date set forth above.
         
  LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
 
 
  By:   /s/ Richard J. Lampen    
    Name:   Richard J. Lampen    
    Title:   President and CEO   
 

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EXHIBIT A
NOTICE OF EXERCISE
     Dated: ____________________________
     1. The undersigned hereby elects to purchase ____________________________ shares of the common stock of Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. pursuant to the terms of the attached Warrant, and tenders herewith payment of the purchase price of such securities in full. Such purchase price is being paid [insert whether by cash and/or cancellation of indebtedness].
     1. The undersigned hereby elects to convert the attached Warrant into shares of the common stock of Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. in the manner specified in Section 2.5 of the Warrant. This conversion is exercised with respect to _____________________ of the securities covered by the Warrant.
[Strike paragraph that does not apply.]
     2. Please issue certificate(s) representing said shares in the name of the undersigned or in such other name(s) as is specified below and deliver such certificates to the address(es) specified below:
[insert name(s) and address(es)]
     3. Please issue a new Warrant for the unexercised portion of the attached Warrant in the name of the undersigned or in such other name as is specified below:
[strike if not applicable]
         
  [Insert name of Holder]
 
 
  By:      
    Name:      
    Title:      
 

 


 

EXHIBIT B
NOTICE OF AND
FORM OF ASSIGNMENT
(TO BE SIGNED ONLY ON TRANSFER OF WARRANT)
     For value received, the undersigned hereby sells, assigns, and transfer unto _______________, federal taxpayer identification number ____________, whose address is _______________, the right represented by the within Warrant to purchase _________ shares of common stock of Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. to which the within Warrant relates, and appoints the Secretary of _______________ Attorney to transfer such right on the books of _______________ with full power of substitution in the premises.
     
 
   
Dated:
   
 
   
 
  (Signature must conform to name of holder as
specified on the face of the Warrant)
 
   
Signed in the presence of:
   
 
   
 
  Address
 
   
   
 

 

 

EXHIBIT 99.1
(LADENBURG LOGO)
NEWS
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
       
         
    Contact:   Paul Caminiti/Carrie Bloom/Jonathan Doorley
        Sard Verbinnen & Co
        212/687-8080
LADENBURG THALMANN ACQUIRES INDEPENDENT BROKER-DEALER INVESTACORP
Investacorp Will Operate As Separate Entity, Serving a National Network of Approximately
500 Registered Representatives and More Than $8.5 Billion in Client Assets
 
      MIAMI, FL, October 22, 2007 — Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. (AMEX: LTS) today announced it has acquired all outstanding shares of Investacorp Inc. and related companies (“Investacorp”), a leading independent broker-dealer and investment adviser, from the firm’s Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Bruce Zwigard, and a related seller for $25 million in cash at closing and an additional $15 million in cash payable over a three-year period. Ladenburg will also pay approximately $5.1 million to the sellers, subject to post-closing adjustments, as a reimbursement of Investacorp’s pre-existing net worth.
     Headquartered in Miami Lakes, Florida, Investacorp is a privately-held, full service broker-dealer, registered with FINRA. With approximately 500 Registered Representatives nationwide and more than $8.5 billion in client assets, Investacorp generated consolidated revenues of $63 million in its fiscal year ended June 30, 2007.
     “We are excited about the opportunity to significantly grow Ladenburg through the addition of Investacorp’s talented staff, management team and exceptional network of investment professionals,” said Dr. Phillip Frost, Chairman of the Board of Ladenburg. “Investacorp is widely recognized as a premier independent broker-dealer and investment adviser that will nicely complement Ladenburg’s strong capital markets business. Together with Investacorp, we will be well-positioned to capitalize on the rapidly growing and evolving independent broker space and will look for ways to help them build on their business model through technology investments so

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that they can become the clear choice for independent minded Registered Representatives nationwide. We welcome Bruce Zwigard and his Investacorp team to Ladenburg and greatly look forward to working together.”
     Mr. Zwigard and Investacorp’s management team will continue to operate Investacorp as a stand-alone business based out of its Miami Lakes headquarters. Investacorp Registered Representatives and investment advisers will continue to operate in the retail space under the traditional independent broker model, but will have access to additional tools and resources.
     Richard Lampen, President and Chief Executive Officer of Ladenburg, said, “We are very pleased with the addition of Investacorp, which we expect to immediately double Ladenburg’s revenue, significantly bolster our operating profit, and provide a more predictable income stream to balance Ladenburg’s more volatile capital markets business. We look forward to being a supportive resource to help Investacorp management in their partnership with their talented Registered Representatives, who have a well-known reputation of providing superior financial services solutions and ‘best in class’ products to their dedicated client base.”
     Bruce Zwigard, President and Chief Executive Officer of Investacorp, stated, “We are thrilled to be joining forces with Dr. Frost, Mr. Lampen and the full Ladenburg team. This significantly enhances the opportunities to expand our business and better serve our Registered Representatives. As a stand-alone entity within Ladenburg, we will maintain our culture and continue to provide the independent financial services and counsel to which our Registered Representatives and their clients have grown accustomed.” Zwigard added, “I am pleased that Dr. Frost, Mr. Lampen and the Ladenburg team share our vision for the future of Investacorp’s independent model and our steady growth strategies, as well as our commitment to be a leader in providing high-tech support and superior technology tools for our Registered Representatives.”
     In connection with his continued employment, Ladenburg has granted Mr. Zwigard employee stock options to purchase a total of 3,000,000 shares of its common stock at $1.91, which represents the closing price for Ladenburg shares on Friday, October 19, 2007. These options vest over a three-year period and have a ten-year term.
     Ladenburg financed the transaction via a $30 million five-year loan from an affiliate of Dr. Frost. Graubard Miller served as legal counsel for Ladenburg in the transaction. Bilzin Sumberg Baena Price & Axelrod LLP served as Investacorp’s legal counsel.

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About Ladenburg
Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services, included in the Russell 2000 (R) and Russell 3000 (R) indexes, is engaged in retail and institutional securities brokerage, investment banking, research and asset management services through its principal operating subsidiary, Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc. Founded in 1876 and a New York Stock Exchange member since 1879, Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. is a full service investment banking and brokerage firm providing services principally for middle market and emerging growth companies and high net worth individuals. Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services is based in Miami, Florida. Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. is based in New York City, with regional offices in Miami and Boca Raton, Florida; Los Angeles, California; Melville, New York; Lincolnshire, Illinois; and Princeton, New Jersey. For more information, please visit www.ladenburg.com .
# # #
This press release includes certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including but not limited to, statements concerning future market opportunity, future technology investment, future growth of the Company and future financial performance. These statements are based on management’s current expectations or beliefs and are subject to uncertainty and changes in circumstances. Actual results may vary materially from those expressed or implied by the statements herein due to changes in economic, business, competitive and/or regulatory factors, and other risks and uncertainties affecting the operation of the business of the Company or arising from the acquisition of Investacorp. These risks, uncertainties and contingencies include those set forth in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, as amended, the Company’s Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the periods ended March 31, 2007 and June 30, 2007, inability to achieve projected revenue, loss of registered representatives, acquisition costs and other factors detailed from time to time in its other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The information set forth herein should be read in light of such risks. The Company is under no obligation to, and expressly disclaims any obligation to, update or alter its forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, changes in assumptions or otherwise.

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