KENNAMETAL INC (Form: 8-K, Received: 06/20/2002 16:40:00)

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 8-K

CURRENT REPORT PURSUANT
TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): June 14, 2002

KENNAMETAL INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

                     Commission file number 1-5318

       Pennsylvania                                 25-0900168
(State or other jurisdiction                      (I.R.S. Employer
     of incorporation)                           Identification No.)

World Headquarters
1600 Technology Way
P.O. Box 231
Latrobe, Pennsylvania 15650-0231
(Address of registrant's principal executive offices)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (724) 539-5000

ITEM 7. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS

          The following exhibits are filed herewith and incorporated by
          reference into Registration Statement No. 333-40809 pertaining to
          certain debt securities of the Registrant.

Exhibit
Number    Description
-------   -----------

1         Underwriting Agreement, dated as of June 14, 2002, by and between the
          Registrant, Goldman, Sachs & Co., J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. and
          Lehman Brothers Inc., as representatives of the several Underwriters
          named in Schedule I thereto, relating to the issuance and sale of
          $300,000,000 aggregate principal amount of the Company's 7.20% Senior
          Notes due 2012

4.1       Indenture, dated as of June 19, 2002, by and between the Registrant
          and Bank One Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee

4.2       First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 19, 2002, by and
          between the Registrant and Bank One Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee

4.3       Form of 7.20% Senior Notes due 2012

5         Opinion of Buchanan Ingersoll Professional Corporation

12.1      Computation of ratio of earnings to fixed charges

12.2      Computation of pro-forma ratio of earnings to fixed charges

23        Consent of Buchanan Ingersoll Professional Corporation

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

KENNAMETAL INC.

Date: June 20, 2002                                 By: /s/ TIMOTHY A. HIBBARD
                                                    ----------------------------
                                                    Timothy A. Hibbard
                                                    Corporate Controller
                                                    and Chief Accounting Officer

EXHIBIT INDEX

Number              Description                                 Method of Filing
------              -----------                                 ----------------
1         Underwriting Agreement, dated as of June 14, 2002     Filed herewith

4.1       Indenture, dated as of June 19, 2002, by and
          between the Registrant and Bank One Trust Company,
          N.A., as Trustee                                      Filed herewith

4.2       First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 19,
          2002, by and between the Registrant and Bank One
          Trust Company, N.A. as Trustee                        Filed herewith

4.3       Form of 7.20% Senior Notes due 2012                   Filed herewith

5         Opinion of Buchanan Ingersoll Professional
          Corporation                                           Filed herewith

12.1      Computation of ratio of earnings to fixed charges     Filed herewith

12.2      Computation of pro-forma ratio of earnings to
          fixed charges                                         Filed herewith

23        Consent of Buchanan Ingersoll Corporation             Included in
                                                                Exhibit 5

Exhibit 1

Conformed Copy

KENNAMETAL INC.

7.20% Senior Notes due 2012

UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT

June 14, 2002

Goldman, Sachs & Co.,
J.P. Morgan Securities Inc.
Lehman Brothers Inc.
As representatives of the several Underwriters named in Schedule I hereto,
c/o Goldman, Sachs & Co.
85 Broad Street,
New York, New York 10004

Ladies and Gentlemen:

Kennametal Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation (the "Company"), proposes, subject to the terms and conditions stated herein, to issue and sell to the Underwriters named in Schedule I hereto (the "Underwriters") an aggregate of $300,000,000 principal amount of the Notes of the Company, specified above (the "Securities").

1. The Company represents and warrants to, and agrees with, each of the Underwriters that:

(a) A registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-40809) (the "Initial Registration Statement") in respect of the Securities has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission"); the Initial Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, each in the form heretofore delivered to Goldman, Sachs & Co., J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. and Lehman Brothers Inc. (the "Representatives"), and, excluding exhibits thereto but including all documents incorporated by reference in the prospectus contained therein, to the Representatives for each of the other Underwriters, have been declared effective by the Commission in such form; other than a registration statement, if any, increasing the size of the offering (a "Rule 462(b) Registration Statement"), filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Act"), which became effective upon filing, no other document with respect to the Initial Registration Statement or document incorporated by reference therein has heretofore been filed with the Commission (other than prospectuses relating to the Securities filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the rules and regulations of the Commission under the Act, each in the form heretofore delivered to the

Representatives); and no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Initial Registration Statement, any post-effective amendment thereto or the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, if any, has been issued and no proceeding for that purpose has been initiated or threatened by the Commission (any preliminary prospectus relating to the Securities included in the Initial Registration Statement, filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(a) of the rules and regulations of the Commission under the Act or otherwise filed with the Commission prior to the date hereof, is hereinafter called a "Preliminary Prospectus"; the various parts of the Initial Registration Statement, any post-effective amendment thereto and the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, if any, including all exhibits thereto and including (i) the information contained in the form of final prospectus relating to the securities filed or to be filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act in accordance with Section 5(a) hereof and (ii) the documents incorporated by reference in the prospectus contained in the Initial Registration Statement at the time such part of the Initial Registration Statement became effective but excluding Form T-1, each as amended at the time such part of the Initial Registration Statement became effective or such part of the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, if any, became or hereafter becomes effective, are hereinafter collectively called the "Registration Statement"; such final prospectus relating to the Securities, in the form first filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act, is hereinafter called the "Prospectus"; any reference herein to any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents incorporated by reference therein pursuant to Item 12 of Form S-3 under the Act, as of the date of such Preliminary Prospectus or Prospectus, as the case may be; any reference to any amendment or supplement to any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include any documents filed after the date of such Preliminary Prospectus or Prospectus, as the case may be, under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), and incorporated by reference in such Preliminary Prospectus or Prospectus, as the case may be; and any reference to any amendment to the Registration Statement shall be deemed to refer to and include any annual report of the Company filed pursuant to Sections 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act after the effective date of the Initial Registration Statement that is incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement;

(b) No order preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus has been issued by the Commission, and each Preliminary Prospectus, at the time of filing thereof, conformed in all material respects to the requirements of the Act and the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the "Trust Indenture Act"), and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, and did not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by an Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use therein;

(c) The documents incorporated by reference in the Prospectus, when they became effective or were filed with the Commission, as the case may be, conformed in all material respects to the requirements of the Act or the Exchange Act, as applicable, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, and none of such documents contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; and any further documents so filed

and incorporated by reference in the Prospectus or any further amendment or supplement thereto, when such documents become effective or are filed with the Commission, as the case may be, will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Act or the Exchange Act, as applicable, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder and will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by an Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use therein;

(d) The Registration Statement and the Prospectus conform, and any further amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus will conform, in all material respects to the requirements of the Act and the Trust Indenture Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder and do not and will not, as of the applicable effective date as to the Registration Statement and any amendment thereto and as of the applicable filing date as to the Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by an Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use therein;

(e) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has sustained since the date of the latest audited financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Prospectus any material loss or interference with its business from fire, explosion, flood or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor dispute or court or governmental action, order or decree, otherwise than as set forth or contemplated in the Prospectus; and, since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, there has not been any change in the capital stock, except for purchases of securities under any employee benefit plan, or long-term debt of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any material adverse change, or any development involving a prospective material adverse change, in or affecting the general affairs, management, financial position, shareholders' equity or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, otherwise than as set forth or contemplated in the Prospectus;

(f) The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, with power and authority (corporate and other) to own its properties and conduct its business as described in the Prospectus;

(g) Each "significant subsidiary" of the Company (as such term is defined in Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X) has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, with power and authority (corporate and other) to own its properties and conduct its business as described in the Prospectus;

(h) The Company has an authorized capitalization as set forth in the Prospectus, and all of the issued shares of capital stock of the Company have been duly and validly authorized and issued and are fully paid and non-assessable;

(i) The Securities have been duly authorized and, when issued and delivered pursuant to this Agreement, will have been duly executed, authenticated, issued and delivered and will constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the Company entitled to the benefits provided by the indenture to be dated as of June 19, 2002, as supplemented by the supplemental indenture to be dated as of June 19, 2002 (the "Indenture") between the Company and Bank One Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee (the "Trustee"), under which they are to be issued, which is substantially in the form filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement; the Indenture has been duly authorized and duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act and, when executed and delivered by the Company and the Trustee, will constitute a valid and legally binding instrument, enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject, as to enforcement, to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization and other laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors' rights and to general equity principles; and the Securities and the Indenture will conform to the descriptions thereof in the Prospectus;

(j) The issue and sale of the Securities and the compliance by the Company with all of the provisions of the Securities, the Indenture and this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions herein and therein contemplated will not, in any material respect, conflict with or result in a breach or violation of any of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which the Company is bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Company is subject, nor will such action result in any violation of the provisions of the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation or By-laws of the Company or any statute or any order, rule or regulation of any court or governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its properties; and no consent, approval, authorization, order, registration or qualification of or with any such court or governmental agency or body is required for the issue and sale of the Securities or the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the Indenture, except the registration under the Act of the Securities, such as have been obtained under the Trust Indenture Act and such consents, approvals, authorizations, registrations or qualifications as may be required under state securities or Blue Sky laws in connection with the purchase and distribution of the Securities by the Underwriters;

(k) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is in violation of its Articles of Incorporation or By-laws or in default in the performance or observance of any material obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained in any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement, lease or other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties may be bound;

(l) The statements set forth in the Prospectus under the captions "Description of the Notes" and "Description of Debt Securities", insofar as they purport to constitute a summary of the terms of the Securities and under the caption "Plan of Distribution" insofar as it purports to describe the provisions of the laws and documents referred to therein, are accurate, complete and fair;

(m) Other than as set forth in the Prospectus, there are no legal or governmental proceedings pending to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or of which any property of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, taken as a whole is the subject which, if determined adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries, would individually or in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on the current or future consolidated financial position, shareholders' equity or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole; and, to the best of the Company's knowledge, no such proceedings are threatened or contemplated by governmental authorities or threatened by others;

(n) The Company and its subsidiaries own or possess, or can acquire on reasonable terms, adequate patents, patent rights, licenses, inventions, copyrights, know-how (including trade secrets and other unpatented and/or unpatentable proprietary or confidential information, systems or procedures), trademarks, service marks, trade names or other intellectual property (collectively, "Intellectual Property") necessary to carry on the business now operated by them, and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has received any notice or is otherwise aware of any infringement of or conflict with asserted rights of others with respect to any Intellectual Property or of any facts or circumstances which would render any Intellectual Property invalid or inadequate to protect the interest of the Company or any of its subsidiaries therein, and which infringement or conflict (if the subject of any unfavorable decision, ruling or finding) or invalidity or inadequacy, singly or in the aggregate, would result in a material adverse change, or any development involving a prospective material adverse change in or affecting the general affairs, management, financial position, shareholders' equity or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole;

(o) Other than as set forth in the Prospectus and except as would not, singly or in the aggregate, result in a material adverse change, or any development involving a prospective material adverse change in or affecting the general affairs, management, financial position, shareholders' equity or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole (A) neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is in violation of any federal, state, local or foreign statute, law, rule, regulation, ordinance, code, policy or rule of common law or any judicial or administrative interpretation thereof, including any judicial or administrative order, consent, decree or judgment, relating to pollution or protection of human health, the environment (including, without limitation, ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata) or wildlife, including, without limitation, laws and regulations relating to the release or threatened release of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, wastes, toxic substances, hazardous substances, petroleum or petroleum products (collectively, "Hazardous Materials") or to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials (collectively, "Environmental Laws"), (B) the Company and its subsidiaries have all permits, authorizations and approvals required under any applicable Environmental Laws and are each in compliance with their requirements, (C) there are no pending or threatened administrative, regulatory, or judicial actions, suits, demands, demand letters, claims, liens, notices of noncompliance or violations, investigations or proceedings relating to any Environmental Laws against the Company or any of its subsidiaries and (D) there are no events or circumstances that might reasonably be expected to form the basis of an order for clean-up or remediation, or an action, suit or proceeding by any private party or governmental body or agency, against or affecting the Company or any of its subsidiaries relating to Hazardous Materials or any Environmental Laws;

(p) The Company is not and, after giving effect to the offering and sale of the Securities, will not be an "investment company", as such term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "Investment Company Act");

(q) The financial statements included in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus present fairly in all material respects the financial position of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries as of the dates shown and their results of operations and cash flows for the periods shown, and, except as otherwise disclosed in the Prospectus, such financial statements have been prepared in conformity with the generally accepted accounting principles in the United States applied on a consistent basis; the schedules included in each Registration Statement present fairly the information required to be stated therein; and

(r) Arthur Anderson LLP, at the time it issues its report with respect to the Company's audited financial statements contained in or incorporated by reference in the Company's Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2001 was, and PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, each of which have certified certain financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries, are each independent public accountants as required by the Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.

2. Subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Company agrees to issue and sell to each of the Underwriters, and each of the Underwriters agrees, severally and not jointly, to purchase from the Company, at a purchase price of 98.379% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued interest, if any, from June 19, 2002 to the Time of Delivery hereunder, the principal amount of Securities set forth opposite the name of such Underwriter in Schedule I hereto.

3. Upon the authorization by the Representatives of the release of the Securities, the several Underwriters propose to offer the Securities for sale upon the terms and conditions set forth in the Prospectus. The Company shall not be obligated to deliver the Securities except upon payment for all of the Securities to be purchased as provided herein.

4. (a) The Securities to be purchased by each Underwriter hereunder, in definitive form, and in such authorized denominations and registered in such names as the Representatives may request upon at least forty-eight hours' prior notice to the Company, shall be delivered by or on behalf of the Company to the Representatives, through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company ("DTC"), for the account of such Underwriter, against payment by or on behalf of such Underwriter of the purchase price therefor by wire transfer of Federal (same-day) funds to the account specified by the Company to the Representatives at least forty-eight hours in advance. The Company will cause the certificates representing the Securities to be made available for checking and packaging at least twenty-four hours prior to the Time of Delivery (as defined below) at the office of DTC or its designated custodian (the "Designated Office"). The Securities to be purchased by each Underwriter hereunder will be represented by one or more definitive global Securities in book-entry form which will be deposited by or on behalf of the Company with DTC or its designated custodian. The Company will deliver the Securities to the Representatives, for the account of each Underwriter, against payment by or on behalf of such Underwriter of the purchase price therefor by wire transfer of Federal (same-day) funds to the account specified by the Company to the Representatives at least forty-eight hours in advance, by causing DTC to credit the Securities to the account of the Representatives at DTC. The Company will cause the certificates representing the Securities to be made available to the Representatives for checking at least twenty-four hours prior to the Time of Delivery (as defined

below) at the Designated Office. The time and date of such delivery and payment shall be 9:30 a.m., New York City time, on June 19, 2002 or such other time and date as the Representatives and the Company may agree upon in writing. Such time and date are herein called the "Time of Delivery".

(b) The documents to be delivered at the Time of Delivery by or on behalf of the parties hereto pursuant to Section 7 hereof, including the cross-receipt for the Securities and any additional documents reasonably requested by the Underwriters pursuant to Section 7(j) hereof, will be delivered at the offices of Simpson Thacher & Bartlett, 425 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York 10017 (the "Closing Location"), and the Securities will be delivered at the Designated Office, all at the Time of Delivery. A meeting will be held at the Closing Location at 3:00 p.m., New York City time, on the New York Business Day next preceding the Time of Delivery, at which meeting the final drafts of the documents to be delivered pursuant to the preceding sentence will be available for review by the parties hereto. For the purposes of this Section 4, "New York Business Day" shall mean each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday which is not a day on which banking institutions in New York City are generally authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close.

5. The Company agrees with each of the Underwriters:

(a) To prepare the Prospectus in a form approved by the Representatives and to file such Prospectus pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act not later than the Commission's close of business on the second business day following the execution and delivery of this Agreement, or, if applicable, such earlier time as may be required by Rule 424(b) under the Act; to make no further amendment or any supplement to the Registration Statement or Prospectus prior to the Time of Delivery which shall be disapproved by the Representatives promptly after reasonable notice thereof; to advise the Representatives, promptly after it receives notice thereof, of the time when any amendment to the Registration Statement has been filed or becomes effective or any supplement to the Prospectus or any amended Prospectus has been filed and to furnish the Representatives with copies thereof; to file promptly all reports and any definitive proxy or information statements required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act subsequent to the date of the Prospectus and for so long as the delivery of a prospectus is required in connection with the offering or sale of the Securities; to advise the Representatives, promptly after it receives notice thereof, of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order or of any order preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus or Prospectus, of the suspension of the qualification of the Securities for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, of the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for any such purpose, or of any request by the Commission for the amending or supplementing of the Registration Statement or Prospectus or for additional information; and, in the event of the issuance of any stop order or of any order preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus or Prospectus or suspending any such qualification, to promptly use its best efforts to obtain the withdrawal of such order;

(b) Promptly from time to time to take such action as the Representatives may reasonably request to qualify the Securities for offering and sale under the securities laws of such jurisdictions as the Representatives may request and to comply with such laws so as to permit the continuance of sales and dealings therein in such jurisdictions for as long as may be necessary to complete the distribution of the Securities, provided that in connection therewith the Company shall not be required to qualify as a foreign corporation or to file a general consent to service of process in any jurisdiction;

(c) Prior to 12:00 Noon, New York City time, on the New York Business Day next succeeding the date of this Agreement and from time to time, to furnish the Underwriters with written and electronic copies of the Prospectus in New York City in such quantities as the Representatives may reasonably request, and, if the delivery of a prospectus is required at any time in connection with the offering or sale of the Securities and if at such time any event shall have occurred as a result of which the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made when such Prospectus is delivered, not misleading, or, if for any other reason it shall be necessary during such same period to amend or supplement the Prospectus or to file under the Exchange Act any document incorporated by reference in the Prospectus in order to comply with the Act, the Exchange Act or the Trust Indenture Act, to notify the Representatives and upon their request to file such document and to prepare and furnish without charge to each Underwriter and to any dealer in securities as many written and electronic copies as the Representatives may from time to time reasonably request of an amended Prospectus or a supplement to the Prospectus which will correct such statement or omission or effect such compliance;

(d) To make generally available to its securityholders as soon as practicable, but in any event not later than eighteen months after the effective date of the Registration Statement (as defined in Rule 158(c) under the Act), an earning statement of the Company and its subsidiaries (which need not be audited) complying with Section 11(a) of the Act and the rules and regulations thereunder (including, at the option of the Company, Rule 158);

(e) During the period beginning from the date hereof and continuing to and including the later of the Time of Delivery and such earlier time as the Representatives may notify the Company, not to offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge, grant any option to purchase, make any short sale or otherwise dispose of, except as provided hereunder, any securities of the Company that are substantially similar to the Securities, without the prior written consent of the Representatives;

(f) If the Company elects to rely upon Rule 462(b), the Company shall file a Rule 462(b) Registration Statement with the Commission in compliance with Rule 462(b) by 10:00 P.M., Washington, D.C. time, on the date of this Agreement, and the Company shall at the time of filing either pay to the Commission the filing fee for the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement or give irrevocable instructions for the payment of such fee pursuant to Rule 111(b) under the Act.

6. The Company covenants and agrees with the several Underwriters that the Company will pay or cause to be paid the following: (i) the fees, disbursements and expenses of the Company's counsel and accountants in connection with the registration of the Securities under the Act and all other expenses in connection with the preparation, printing and filing of the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus and amendments and supplements thereto and the mailing and delivering of copies thereof to the Underwriters and dealers; (ii) the cost of printing or producing any Agreement among Underwriters, this Agreement, the Indenture, the Blue Sky and Legal Investment Memoranda, closing documents (including any compilations thereof) and any other documents in connection with the offering, purchase, sale and delivery of the Securities; (iii) all expenses in connection with the qualification of the Securities for offering and sale under state securities laws as provided in
Section 5(b) hereof, including the fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters in connection with such qualification and in connection with the Blue Sky and legal investment surveys; (iv) any fees charged by securities rating services for rating the Securities;

(v) the filing fees incident to, and the fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters in connection with, any required review by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. of the terms of the sale of the Securities; (vi) the cost of preparing the Securities; (vii) the fees and expenses of the Trustee and any agent of the Trustee and the fees and disbursements of counsel for the Trustee in connection with the Indenture and the Securities; and (viii) all other costs and expenses incident to the performance of its obligations hereunder which are not otherwise specifically provided for in this Section. It is understood, however, that, except as provided in this Section, and Sections 8 and 11 hereof, the Underwriters will pay all of their own costs and expenses, including the fees of their counsel, transfer taxes on resale of any of the Securities by them, and any advertising expenses connected with any offers they may make.

7. The obligations of the Underwriters hereunder shall be subject, in the discretion of the Representatives, to the condition that all representations and warranties and other statements of the Company herein are, at and as of the Time of Delivery, true and correct, the condition that the Company shall have performed all of its obligations hereunder theretofore to be performed, and the following additional conditions:

(a) The Prospectus shall have been filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) within the applicable time period prescribed for such filing by the rules and regulations under the Act and in accordance with Section 5(a) hereof; if the Company has elected to rely upon Rule 462(b), the Rule
462(b) Registration Statement shall have become effective by 10:00 P.M., Washington, D.C. time, on the date of this Agreement; no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any part thereof shall have been issued and no proceeding for that purpose shall have been initiated or threatened by the Commission; and all requests for additional information on the part of the Commission shall have been complied with to the Representatives' reasonable satisfaction;

(b) Simpson Thacher & Bartlett, counsel for the Underwriters, shall have furnished to the Representatives such written opinion or opinions (a draft of each such opinion is attached as Annex II(a) hereto), dated the Time of Delivery, with respect to the matters covered in paragraphs (i),
(v), (vi), (xii) and (xiii) of subsection (c) below as well as such other related matters as the Representatives may reasonably request, and such counsel shall have received such papers and information as they may reasonably request to enable them to pass upon such matters;

(c) Buchanan Ingersoll Professional Corporation, counsel for the Company, shall have furnished to the Representatives their written opinion (a draft of such opinion is attached as Annex II(b) hereto), dated the Time of Delivery, in form and substance satisfactory to the Representatives, to the effect that:

(i) The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, with corporate power and authority to own its properties and conduct its business as described in the Prospectus;

(ii) Each "significant subsidiary" of the Company (as such term is defined in Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X) organized under the laws of any jurisdiction within the United States has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, with corporate power and authority to own its properties and conduct its business as described in the Prospectus:

(iii) To the best of such counsel's knowledge and other than as set forth in the Prospectus, there are no legal or governmental proceedings pending to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or of which any property of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is the subject which, if determined adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries, would individually or in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on the current or future consolidated financial position, shareholders' equity or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole; and, to the best of such counsel's knowledge, no such proceedings are threatened or contemplated by governmental authorities or threatened by others;

(iv) This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company;

(v) The Securities have been duly authorized, executed, authenticated, issued and delivered and constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the Company entitled to the benefits provided by the Indenture; and the Securities and the Indenture conform to the descriptions thereof in the Prospectus;

(vi) The Indenture has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the parties thereto and constitutes a valid and legally binding instrument, enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject, as to enforcement, to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization and other laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors' rights and to general equity principles; and the Indenture has been duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act;

(vii) The issue and sale of the Securities and the compliance by the Company with all of the provisions of the Securities, the Indenture and this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions herein and therein contemplated will not in any material respect conflict with or result in a breach or violation of any of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument known to such counsel to which the Company is a party or by which the Company is bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Company is subject, nor will such actions result in any violation of the provisions of the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation or By-laws of the Company or any statute or any order, rule or regulation of any court or governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its properties;

(viii) No consent, approval, authorization, order, registration or qualification of or with any such court or governmental agency or body is required for the issue and sale of the Securities or the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Indenture, except such as have been obtained under the Act and the Trust Indenture Act and such consents, approvals, authorizations, orders, registrations or qualifications as may be required under state securities or Blue Sky laws in connection with the purchase and distribution of the Securities by the Underwriters;

(ix) To the best of such counsel's knowledge after due inquiry, neither the Company nor any of its significant subsidiaries organized under the laws of any jurisdiction within the United States is in violation of its Articles of Incorporation or By-laws or, to the best of our knowledge, in default in the performance or observance of any material obligation, agreement, covenant

or condition contained in any contract, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement, note, lease or other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties may be bound;

(x) The statements set forth in the Prospectus under the captions "Description of the Notes" and "Description of the Debt Securities", insofar as they purport to constitute a summary of the terms of the Securities and under the caption "Plan of Distribution", insofar as it purports to describe the provisions of the laws and documents referred to therein, are accurate, complete and fair;

(xi) The Company is not an "investment company", as such term is defined in the Investment Company Act;

(xii) The documents incorporated by reference in the Prospectus or any further amendment or supplement thereto made by the Company prior to the Time of Delivery (other than the financial statements and related schedules therein, as to which such counsel need express no opinion), when they became effective or were filed with the Commission, as the case may be, complied as to form in all material respects with the requirements of the Act or the Exchange Act, as applicable, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder; and they have no reason to believe that any of such documents, when such documents became effective or were so filed, as the case may be, contained, in the case of a registration statement which became effective under the Act, an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, or, in the case of other documents which were filed under the Act or the Exchange Act with the Commission, an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made when such documents were so filed, not misleading; and

(xiii) The Registration Statement and the Prospectus and any further amendments and supplements thereto made by the Company prior to the Time of Delivery (other than the financial statements and related schedules therein, as to which such counsel need express no opinion) comply as to form in all material respects with the requirements of the Act and the Trust Indenture Act and the rules and regulations thereunder; although they do not assume any responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or fairness of the statements contained in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, except for those referred to in the opinion in subsection (x) of this Section 7(c), they have no reason to believe that, as of its effective date, the Registration Statement or any further amendment thereto made by the Company prior to the Time of Delivery (other than the financial statements and related schedules therein, as to which such counsel need express no opinion) contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading or that, as of its date, the Prospectus or any further amendment or supplement thereto made by the Company prior to the Time of Delivery (other than the financial statements and related schedules therein, as to which such counsel need express no opinion) contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading or that, as of the Time of Delivery, either the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any further amendment or supplement thereto

made by the Company prior to the Time of Delivery (other than the financial statements and related schedules therein, as to which such counsel need express no opinion) contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and they do not know of any amendment to the Registration Statement required to be filed or of any contracts or other documents of a character required to be filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement or required to be incorporated by reference into the Prospectus or required to be described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus which are not filed or incorporated by reference or described as required;

(d) CMS Hasche Sigle, German counsel for the Company, shall have furnished to the Representatives their written opinion (a draft of such opinion is attached as Annex III(c) hereto), dated such Time of Delivery, in form and substance satisfactory to the Representatives, to the effect that:

(i) KENNAMETAL HERTEL Aktiengesellschaft has been incorporated and is validly existing as a joint stock corporation in good standing under German laws and has the corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the Prospectus as amended or supplemented; and

(ii) Other than as set forth in the Prospectus, to the best of such counsel's knowledge, there are no legal or governmental proceedings pending to which KENNAMETAL HERTEL Aktiengesellschaft or any of its subsidiaries is a party or to which any property of KENNAMETAL HERTEL or any of its subsidiaries is the subject which reasonably would be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a material adverse effect on the general affairs, management, financial position, shareholders' equity or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.

(e) On the date of the Prospectus at a time prior to the execution of this Agreement, at 9:30 a.m., New York City time, on the effective date of any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement filed subsequent to the date of this Agreement and also at the Time of Delivery, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP shall have furnished to the Representatives a letter or letters, dated the respective dates of delivery thereof, in form and substance satisfactory to the Representatives, to the effect set forth in Annex I hereto (the executed copy of the letter delivered prior to the execution of this Agreement is attached as Annex I(a) hereto and a draft of the form of letter to be delivered on the effective date of any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement and as of each Time of Delivery is attached as Annex I(b) hereto);

(f) On the date of the Prospectus at a time prior to the execution of this Agreement, at 9:30 a.m., New York City time, on the effective date of any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement filed subsequent to the date of this Agreement and also at the Time of Delivery, Nick Grasberger, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company and Timothy A. Hibbard, Corporate Controller and Chief Accounting Officer of the Company, having specific knowledge of the Company's and its subsidiaries' financial matters, shall have furnished to the Representatives a letter, dated the respective dates of delivery thereof, in form and substance satisfactory to the Representatives, to the effect set forth in Annex II hereto (the executed copy of the letter delivered prior to the execution of this Agreement is attached as Annex II(a) hereto and a draft of the form of letter to be delivered on the effective date of any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement and as of each Time of Delivery is attached as Annex II(b) hereto);

(g) (i) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries shall have sustained since the date of the latest audited financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Prospectus any loss or interference with its business from fire, explosion, flood or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor dispute or court or governmental action, order or decree, otherwise than as set forth or contemplated in the Prospectus, and (ii) since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Prospectus there shall not have been any change in the capital stock or long-term debt of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any change, or any development involving a prospective change, in or affecting the general affairs, management, financial position, shareholders' equity or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, otherwise than as set forth or contemplated in the Prospectus, the effect of which, in any such case described in clause (i) or (ii), is in the judgment of the Representatives so material and adverse as to make it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the public offering or the delivery of the Securities on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Prospectus;

(g) On or after the date hereof (i) no downgrading shall have occurred in the rating accorded the Company's debt securities or preferred stock by any "nationally recognized statistical rating organization", as that term is defined by the Commission for purposes of Rule 436(g)(2) under the Act, and (ii) no such organization shall have publicly announced that it has under surveillance or review, with possible negative implications, its rating of any of the Company's debt securities or preferred stock;

(h) On or after the date hereof there shall not have occurred any of the following: (i) a suspension or material limitation in trading in securities generally on The New York Stock Exchange; (ii) a suspension or material limitation in trading in the Company's securities on The New York Stock Exchange; (iii) a general moratorium on commercial banking activities declared by either Federal or New York State authorities or a material disruption in commercial banking or securities settlement or clearance services in the United States; (iv) the outbreak or escalation of hostilities involving the United States or the declaration by the United States of a national emergency or war or (v) the occurrence of any other calamity or crisis or any change in financial, political or economic conditions in the United States or elsewhere, if the effect of any such event specified in clause (iv) or (v) in the judgment of the Representatives makes it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the public offering or the delivery of the Securities on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Prospectus;

(i) The Company shall have complied with the provisions of Section 5(c) hereof with respect to the furnishing of prospectuses on the New York Business Day next succeeding the date of this Agreement; and

(j) The Company shall have furnished or caused to be furnished to the Representatives at the Time of Delivery certificates of officers of the Company reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives as to the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Company herein at and as of such Time of Delivery, as to the performance by the Company of all of its obligations hereunder to be performed at or prior to such Time of Delivery, as to the matters set forth in subsections (a) and (f) of this Section and as to such other matters as the Representatives may reasonably request.

8. (a) The Company will indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, to which such Underwriter may become subject,

under the Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Preliminary Prospectus, any preliminary prospectus supplement, the Registration Statement, the Prospectus as amended or supplemented and any other prospectus relating to the Securities, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and will reimburse each Underwriter for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such Underwriter in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim as such expenses are incurred; provided, however, that the Company shall not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in any Preliminary Prospectus, any preliminary prospectus supplement, the Registration Statement, the Prospectus as amended or supplemented and any other prospectus relating to the Securities, or any such amendment or supplement in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by any Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use therein.

(b) Each Underwriter will indemnify and hold harmless the Company against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities to which the Company may become subject, under the Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Preliminary Prospectus, any preliminary prospectus supplement, the Registration Statement, the Prospectus as amended or supplemented and any other prospectus relating to the Securities, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, in each case to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission was made in any Preliminary Prospectus, any preliminary prospectus supplement, the Registration Statement, the Prospectus as amended or supplemented and any other prospectus relating to the Securities, or any such amendment or supplement in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by such Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use therein; and will reimburse the Company for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Company in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim as such expenses are incurred.

(c) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under subsection
(a) or (b) above of notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified party shall, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the indemnifying party under such subsection, notify the indemnifying party in writing of the commencement thereof; but the omission so to notify the indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any liability which it may have to any indemnified party otherwise than under such subsection. In case any such action shall be brought against any indemnified party and it shall notify the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof, the indemnifying party shall be entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that it shall wish, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense thereof, with counsel satisfactory to such indemnified party (who shall not, except with the consent of the indemnified party, be counsel to the indemnifying party), and, after notice from the indemnifying party to such indemnified party of its election so to assume the defense thereof, the indemnifying party shall not be liable to such indemnified party under such subsection for any legal expenses of other counsel or any other expenses, in each case subsequently incurred by such indemnified party, in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable

costs of investigation. No indemnifying party shall, without the written consent of the indemnified party, effect the settlement or compromise of, or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to, any pending or threatened action or claim in respect of which indemnification or contribution may be sought hereunder (whether or not the indemnified party is an actual or potential party to such action or claim) unless such settlement, compromise or judgment (i) includes an unconditional release of the indemnified party from all liability arising out of such action or claim and (ii) does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act, by or on behalf of any indemnified party.

(d) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 8 is unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party under subsection (a) or (b) above in respect of any losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) referred to therein, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other from the offering of the Securities. If, however, the allocation provided by the immediately preceding sentence is not permitted by applicable law or if the indemnified party failed to give the notice required under subsection (c) above, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to such amount paid or payable by such indemnified party in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only such relative benefits but also the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other in connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof), as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net proceeds from the offering (before deducting expenses) received by the Company bear to the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by the Underwriters, in each case as set forth in the table on the cover page of the Prospectus. The relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company on the one hand or the Underwriters on the other and the parties' relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The Company and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this subsection (d) were determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Underwriters were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to above in this subsection (d). The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) referred to above in this subsection (d) shall be deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this subsection (d), no Underwriter shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total price at which the Securities underwritten by it and distributed to the public were offered to the public exceeds the amount of any damages which such Underwriter has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The Underwriters' obligations in this subsection (d) to contribute are several in proportion to their respective underwriting obligations and not joint.

(e) The obligations of the Company under this Section 8 shall be in addition to any liability which the Company may otherwise have and shall extend, upon the same terms and conditions, to each person, if any, who controls any Underwriter within the meaning of the Act; and the obligations of the Underwriters under this Section 8 shall be in addition to any liability which the respective Underwriters may otherwise have and shall extend, upon the same terms and conditions, to each officer and director of the Company and to each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of the Act.

9. (a) If any Underwriter shall default in its obligation to purchase the Securities which it has agreed to purchase hereunder, the Representatives may in their discretion arrange for themselves or another party or other parties to purchase such Securities on the terms contained herein. If within thirty-six hours after such default by any Underwriter the Representatives do not arrange for the purchase of such Securities, then the Company shall be entitled to a further period of thirty-six hours within which to procure another party or other parties satisfactory to the Representatives to purchase such Securities on such terms. In the event that, within the respective prescribed periods, the Representatives notify the Company that they have so arranged for the purchase of such Securities, or the Company notifies the Representatives that it has so arranged for the purchase of such Securities, the Representatives or the Company shall have the right to postpone the Time of Delivery for a period of not more than seven days, in order to effect whatever changes may thereby be made necessary in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, or in any other documents or arrangements, and the Company agrees to file promptly any amendments to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus which in the Representatives' opinion may thereby be made necessary. The term "Underwriter" as used in this Agreement shall include any person substituted under this Section with like effect as if such person had originally been a party to this Agreement with respect to such Securities.

(b) If, after giving effect to any arrangements for the purchase of the Securities of a defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters by the Representatives and the Company as provided in subsection (a) above, the aggregate principal amount of such Securities which remains unpurchased does not exceed one-eleventh of the aggregate principal amount of all the Securities, then the Company shall have the right to require each non-defaulting Underwriter to purchase the principal amount of Securities which such Underwriter agreed to purchase hereunder and, in addition, to require each non-defaulting Underwriter to purchase its pro rata share (based on the principal amount of Securities which such Underwriter agreed to purchase hereunder) of the Securities of such defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters for which such arrangements have not been made; but nothing herein shall relieve a defaulting Underwriter from liability for its default.

(c) If, after giving effect to any arrangements for the purchase of the Securities of a defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters by the Representatives and the Company as provided in subsection (a) above, the aggregate principal amount of Securities which remains unpurchased exceeds one-eleventh of the aggregate principal amount of all the Securities, or if the Company shall not exercise the right described in subsection (b) above to require non-defaulting Underwriters to purchase Securities of a defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters, then this Agreement shall thereupon terminate, without liability on the part of any non-defaulting Underwriter or the Company, except for the expenses to be borne by the Company and the Underwriters as provided in Section 6 hereof and the indemnity and contribution agreements in Section 8 hereof; but nothing herein shall relieve a defaulting Underwriter from liability for its default.

10. The respective indemnities, agreements, representations, warranties and other statements of the Company and the several Underwriters, as set forth in this Agreement or made by or on behalf of them, respectively, pursuant to this Agreement, shall remain in full force and effect, regardless of any investigation (or any statement as to the results thereof) made by or on behalf of any Underwriter or any controlling person of any Underwriter, or the Company, or any officer or director or controlling person of the Company, and shall survive delivery of and payment for the Securities.

11. If this Agreement shall be terminated pursuant to Section 9 hereof, the Company shall not then be under any liability to any Underwriter except as provided in Sections 6 and 8 hereof; but, if for any other reason, the Securities are not delivered by or on behalf of the Company as provided herein, the Company will reimburse the Underwriters through the Representatives for all out-of-pocket expenses approved in writing by the Representatives, including fees and disbursements of counsel, reasonably incurred by the Underwriters in making preparations for the purchase, sale and delivery of the Securities, but the Company shall then be under no further liability to any Underwriter except as provided in Sections 6 and 8 hereof.(8)

12. In all dealings hereunder, the Representatives shall act on behalf of each of the Underwriters, and the parties hereto shall be entitled to act and rely upon any statement, request, notice or agreement on behalf of any Underwriter made or given by the Representatives jointly or by Goldman, Sachs & Co. on behalf of you as the Representatives.

All statements, requests, notices and agreements hereunder shall be in writing, and if to the Underwriters shall be delivered or sent by mail, telex or facsimile transmission to the Representatives in care of Goldman, Sachs & Co., 85 Broad Street, New York, New York 10004, Attention: Registration Department; and if to the Company shall be delivered or sent by mail, telex or facsimile transmission to the address of the Company set forth in the Registration Statement, Attention: General Counsel, with a copy to Buchanan Ingersoll Professional Corporation, One Oxford Centre, 301 Grant Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, Attention: Lewis U. Davis, Jr., telecopy: 412-562-1041; provided, however, that any notice to an Underwriter pursuant to Section 8(c) hereof shall be delivered or sent by mail, telex or facsimile transmission to such Underwriter at its address set forth in its Underwriters' Questionnaire, or telex constituting such Questionnaire, which address will be supplied to the Company by the Representatives upon request. Any such statements, requests, notices or agreements shall take effect upon receipt thereof.

13. This Agreement shall be binding upon, and inure solely to the benefit of, the Underwriters, the Company and, to the extent provided in Sections 8 and 10 hereof, the officers and directors of the Company and each person who controls the Company or any Underwriter, and their respective heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns, and no other person shall acquire or have any right under or by virtue of this Agreement. No purchaser of any of the Securities from any Underwriter shall be deemed a successor or assign by reason merely of such purchase.

14. Time shall be of the essence of this Agreement. As used herein, the term "business day" shall mean any day when the Commission's office in Washington, D.C. is open for business.

15. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

16. This Agreement may be executed by any one or more of the parties hereto in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but all such respective counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument.

17. The Company is authorized, subject to applicable law, to disclose any and all aspects of this potential transaction that are necessary to support any U.S. federal income tax benefits expected to be claimed with respect to such transaction, and all materials of any kind (including tax opinions and other tax analyses) related to those benefits, without the Underwriters imposing any limitation of any kind.

If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding, please sign and return to us eight counterparts hereof, and upon the acceptance hereof by you, on behalf of each of the Underwriters, this letter and such acceptance hereof shall constitute a binding agreement between each of the Underwriters and the Company. It is understood that your acceptance of this letter on behalf of each of the Underwriters is pursuant to the authority set forth in a form of Agreement among Underwriters, the form of which shall be submitted to the Company for examination upon request, but without warranty on your part as to the authority of the signers thereof.

Very truly yours,

Kennametal Inc.

By: /s/ James E. Morrison
   -----------------------------------
      Name:  James E. Morrison
      Title: Vice President and Treasurer

Accepted as of the date hereof:

Goldman, Sachs & Co.
J.P. Morgan Securities Inc.
Lehman Brothers Inc.

Banc One Capital Markets, Inc.
Fleet Securities, Inc.
PNC Capital Markets, Inc.
Tokyo-Mitsubishi International plc
NatCity Investments, Inc.
Comerica Securities
The Royal Bank of Scotland plc

By:  /s/ Goldman, Sachs & Co.
    ---------------------------------
        (Goldman, Sachs & Co.)

On behalf of each of the Underwriters

SCHEDULE I

                                                                       Principal
                                                                       Amount of
                                                                      Securities
                                                                         to be
                                Underwriter                            Purchased
                                -----------                            ---------
Goldman, Sachs & Co..............................................  $ 90,000,000
J.P. Morgan Securities Inc.......................................    90,000,000
Lehman Brothers Inc..............................................    18,750,000
Banc One Capital Markets, Inc. ..................................    18,750,000
Fleet Securities, Inc. ..........................................    18,750,000
PNC Capital Markets, Inc. .......................................    18,750,000
Tokyo-Mitsubishi International plc...............................    18,750,000
NatCity Investments, Inc. .......................................    12,750,000
Comerica Securities..............................................     6,750,000
The Royal Bank of Scotland plc...................................     6,750,000

                  Total..........................................  ------------
                                                                   $300,000,000
                                                                   ============

ANNEX I

Auditor's Comfort Letter

ANNEX II

Management Comfort Letter

F-1

Exhibit 4.1

KENNAMETAL INC.,
AS ISSUER

BANK ONE TRUST COMPANY, N.A.,
AS TRUSTEE

INDENTURE

Dated as of June 19, 2002

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

ARTICLE 1

DEFINITIONS AND OTHER
PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION

SECTION 101.   Definitions...............................................................................1
Act......................................................................................................2
Affiliate................................................................................................2
Authenticating Agent.....................................................................................2
Bankruptcy Law...........................................................................................2
Board of Directors.......................................................................................2
Board Resolution.........................................................................................2
Business Day.............................................................................................2
Capitalized Lease Obligation.............................................................................2
Capital Stock............................................................................................2
Commission...............................................................................................3
Common Depositary........................................................................................3
Company..................................................................................................3
Company Request..........................................................................................3
Company Order............................................................................................3
Corporate Trust Office...................................................................................3
Covenant Defeasance......................................................................................3
Currency Agreement.......................................................................................3
Custodian................................................................................................3
Default..................................................................................................3
Defaulted Interest.......................................................................................3
Defeasance...............................................................................................3
Dollars..................................................................................................3
Event of Default.........................................................................................3
Exchange Act.............................................................................................3
GAAP.....................................................................................................4
Holder...................................................................................................4
Security holder..........................................................................................4
Indebtedness.............................................................................................4
Indenture................................................................................................4
Interest.................................................................................................4
Interest Payment Date....................................................................................4
Interest Swap Obligations................................................................................4
Lien.....................................................................................................5
Maturity.................................................................................................5
Officer..................................................................................................5
Officer's Certificate....................................................................................5

Opinion of Counsel.......................................................................................5
Original Issue Discount Security.........................................................................5
Outstanding..............................................................................................5
Paying Agent.............................................................................................6
Person...................................................................................................6
Place of Payment.........................................................................................6
Redemption Date..........................................................................................6
Redemption Price.........................................................................................6
Registered Security......................................................................................6
Regular Record Date......................................................................................6
Responsible Officer......................................................................................6
Securities...............................................................................................6
Security Register........................................................................................6
Security Registrar.......................................................................................6
Significant Subsidiary...................................................................................6
Special Record Date......................................................................................7
Stated Maturity..........................................................................................7
Subsidiary...............................................................................................7
Trust Indenture Act......................................................................................7
Trustee..................................................................................................7
U.S. Depositary..........................................................................................7
U.S. Government Obligations..............................................................................7
Vice President...........................................................................................8
SECTION 102.   Compliance Certificates and Opinions......................................................8
SECTION 103.   Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee....................................................8
SECTION 104.   Acts of Holders...........................................................................9
SECTION 105.   Notices, Etc., to Trustee and Company....................................................10
SECTION 106.   Notice to Holders; Waiver................................................................11
SECTION 107.   Conflict with Trust Indenture Act........................................................11
SECTION 108.   Effect of Headings and Table of Contents.................................................11
SECTION 109.   Successors and Assigns...................................................................12
SECTION 110.   Separability Clause......................................................................12
SECTION 111.   Benefits of Indenture....................................................................12
SECTION 112.   Governing Law............................................................................12
SECTION 113.   Legal Holidays...........................................................................12
SECTION 114.   No Recourse Against Others...............................................................13

                           ARTICLE 2

                        SECURITY FORMS

SECTION 201.   Forms Generally..........................................................................13
SECTION 202.   Form of Face of Security.................................................................13
SECTION 203.   Form of Reverse of Security..............................................................15
SECTION 204.   Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication..........................................19
SECTION 205.   Securities in Global Form................................................................20

SECTION 206. CUSIP Number.............................................................................20
SECTION 207. Form of Legend for the Securities in Global Form.........................................21

ARTICLE 3

THE SECURITIES

SECTION 301. Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series.....................................................21
SECTION 302. Denominations............................................................................24
SECTION 303. Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating...........................................24
SECTION 304. Temporary Securities.....................................................................26
SECTION 305. Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange......................................27
SECTION 306. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities.........................................28
SECTION 307. Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved...........................................29
SECTION 308. Persons Deemed Owners....................................................................31
SECTION 309. Cancellation.............................................................................31
SECTION 310. Computation of Interest..................................................................32

ARTICLE 4

SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

SECTION 401. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture..................................................32
SECTION 402. Application of Trust Money...............................................................33

ARTICLE 5

REMEDIES

SECTION 501. Events of Default........................................................................33
SECTION 502. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment.......................................35
SECTION 503. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee..........................36
SECTION 504. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.........................................................37
SECTION 505. Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities..............................38
SECTION 506. Application of Money Collected...........................................................38
SECTION 507. Limitation on Suits......................................................................38
SECTION 508. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal, Premium and
Interest...................................................................39
SECTION 509. Restoration of Rights and Remedies.......................................................39
SECTION 510. Rights and Remedies Cumulative...........................................................40
SECTION 511. Delay or Omission Not Waiver.............................................................40
SECTION 512. Control by Holders.......................................................................40
SECTION 513. Waiver of Past Defaults..................................................................40
SECTION 514. Undertaking for Costs....................................................................41

iii

ARTICLE 6

THE TRUSTEE

SECTION 601. Certain Duties and Responsibilities of the Trustee.......................................41
SECTION 602. Notice of Defaults.......................................................................42
SECTION 603. Certain Rights of Trustee................................................................42
SECTION 604. Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities...................................43
SECTION 605. May Hold Securities......................................................................43
SECTION 606. Money Held in Trust......................................................................44
SECTION 607. Compensation and Reimbursement...........................................................44
SECTION 608. Disqualification; Conflicting Interests..................................................45
SECTION 609. Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility..................................................45
SECTION 610. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor........................................45
SECTION 611. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor or Additional Trustees............................47
SECTION 612. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business..............................49
SECTION 613. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company........................................49
SECTION 614. Appointment of Authenticating Agent......................................................49

ARTICLE 7

HOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY

SECTION 701. Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders................................51
SECTION 702. Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders...................................51
SECTION 703. Reports by Trustee.......................................................................52
SECTION 704. Reports by Company.......................................................................53

ARTICLE 8

CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, LEASE, SALE OR TRANSFER

SECTION 801. When Company May Merge, Etc..............................................................53
SECTION 802. Opinion of Counsel.......................................................................54
SECTION 803. Successor Corporation Substituted........................................................54

ARTICLE 9

SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

SECTION 901. Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders.......................................54
SECTION 902. Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders..........................................56
SECTION 903. Execution of Supplemental Indentures.....................................................57
SECTION 904. Effect of Supplemental Indentures........................................................57
SECTION 905. Conformity with Trust Indenture Act......................................................57
SECTION 906. Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures.......................................57

ARTICLE 10

COVENANTS

SECTION 1001. Payments of Securities..................................................................58
SECTION 1002. Maintenance of Office or Agency.........................................................58
SECTION 1003. Corporate Existence.....................................................................58
SECTION 1004. Payment of Taxes and Other Claims.......................................................59
SECTION 1005. Compliance Certificates.................................................................59
SECTION 1006. Commission Reports......................................................................59
SECTION 1007. Waiver of Stay, Extension or Usury Laws.................................................60
SECTION 1008. Money for Securities Payments to Be Held in Trust.......................................60

ARTICLE 11

REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES

SECTION 1101. Applicability of Article................................................................61
SECTION 1102. Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee...................................................61
SECTION 1103. Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be Redeemed.......................................62
SECTION 1104. Notice of Redemption....................................................................62
SECTION 1105. Deposit of Redemption Price.............................................................63
SECTION 1106. Securities Payable on Redemption Date...................................................63
SECTION 1107. Securities Redeemed in Part.............................................................64

ARTICLE 12

SINKING FUNDS

SECTION 1201. Applicability of Article................................................................64
SECTION 1202. Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities...................................64
SECTION 1203. Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund...............................................65

ARTICLE 13

DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE

SECTION 1301. Applicability of Article; Company's Option to Effect Defeasance
or Covenant Defeasance....................................................65
SECTION 1302. Defeasance and Discharge................................................................65
SECTION 1303. Covenant Defeasance.....................................................................66
SECTION 1304. Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.........................................66
SECTION 1305. Deposited Money and Government Obligations To Be Held In Trust..........................68

                          ARTICLE 14

                         MISCELLANEOUS

SECTION 1401.   Miscellaneous...........................................................................69

KENNAMETAL INC.

RECONCILIATION AND TIE BETWEEN TRUST
INDENTURE ACT OF 1939, AS AMENDED,
AND INDENTURE, DATED AS OF JUNE 19, 2002

Trust Indenture Act                                                                           Indenture
Section                                                                                        Section

  310(a)(1)                    .............................................................       609
     (a)(2)                    .............................................................       609
     (a)(3)                    .............................................................  Not Applicable
     (a)(4)                    .............................................................  Not Applicable
     (b)                       .............................................................      608, 610
  311(a)                       .............................................................       613
     (b)                       .............................................................       613
  312(a)                       .............................................................      701, 702(a)
     (b)                       .............................................................       702(b)
     (c)                       .............................................................       702(c)
  313(a)                       .............................................................       703(a)
     (b)                       .............................................................  Not Applicable
     (c)                       .............................................................       703(a), 703(b)
     (d)                       .............................................................       703(b)
(314)(a)                       .............................................................       704
     (b)                       .............................................................  Not Applicable
     (c)(1)                    .............................................................       102
     (c)(2)                    .............................................................       102
     (c)(3)                    .............................................................  Not Applicable
     (d)                       .............................................................  Not Applicable
     (e)                       .............................................................       102
(315)(a)                       .............................................................       601(a)
     (b)                       .............................................................       602
     (c)                       .............................................................       601(b)
     (d)                       .............................................................       601(c)
     (d)(1)                    .............................................................       601(a), 601(c)
     (d)(2)                    .............................................................       601(c)
     (d)(3)                    .............................................................       601(c)
     (e)                       .............................................................       514
  316(a)(1)(A)                 .............................................................       512
     (a)(1)(B)                 .............................................................      502, 513
     (a)(2)                    .............................................................  Not Applicable
     (b)                       .............................................................       508
  317(a)(1)                    .............................................................       503
     (a)(2)                    .............................................................       504
     (b)                       .............................................................      1009
  318(a)                       .............................................................       107

Note: This reconciliation and tie shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be a part of this Indenture.

Indenture, dated as of June 19, 2002, between KENNAMETAL INC., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (herein called the "COMPANY"), having its principal office at 1600 Technology Way, Latrobe, Pennsylvania 15650-0231 and BANK ONE TRUST COMPANY, N.A., a national banking association, as Trustee (herein called the "TRUSTEE").

RECITALS OF THE COMPANY

The Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of its unsecured debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness (herein called the "SECURITIES"), to be issued in one or more series as in this Indenture provided.

All things necessary to make this Indenture a valid agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done.

NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH:

For and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the Securities by the Holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted and agreed, for the equal and proportionate benefit of all Holders of the Securities or of any series thereof, as follows:

ARTICLE 1

DEFINITIONS AND OTHER
PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION

SECTION 101. DEFINITIONS.

For all purposes of this Indenture, except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) the terms defined in this Article have the meanings assigned to them in this Article and include the plural as well as the singular;

(2) all other terms used herein which are defined in the Trust Indenture Act, either directly or by reference therein, have the meanings assigned to them therein;

(3) all accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to them in accordance with GAAP;

(4) the word "Including" (and with the correlative meaning "Include") means including, without limiting the generality of, any description following such term; and

(5) the words "Herein," "Hereof" and "Hereunder" and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision.

Certain terms, used principally in Article Six, are defined in that Article.

"ACT," when used with respect to any Holder, has the meaning specified in Section 104.

"AFFILIATE" means another Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such first Person. For the purposes of this definition, "control" (including, with correlative meanings, the terms "controlling," "controlled by" and "under common control with"), as applied to any Person, means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of that Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities or by contract or otherwise.

"AUTHENTICATING AGENT" means any Person authorized by the Trustee to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate Securities.

"BANKRUPTCY LAW" means Title 11, U.S. Code or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors.

"BOARD OF DIRECTORS" means the board of directors of the Company; provided, however, that when the context refers to actions or resolutions of the Board of Directors, then the term "Board of Directors" shall also mean any duly authorized committee of the Board of Directors of the Company or Officer authorized to act with respect to any particular matter to exercise the power of the Board of Directors of the Company.

"BOARD RESOLUTION" means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification, and delivered to the Trustee.

"BUSINESS DAY," when used with respect to any Place of Payment, means each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday which is not a day on which banking institutions in that Place of Payment are authorized or obligated by law or regulation to close.

"CAPITALIZED LEASE OBLIGATION" means an obligation that is required to be classified and accounted for as a capitalized lease for financial reporting purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and the amount of Indebtedness represented by such obligation shall be the capitalized amount of such obligation determined in accordance with such principles; and the Stated Maturity thereof shall be the date of the last payment of rent or any other amount due under such lease prior to the first date upon which such lease may be terminated by the lessee without payment of a penalty.

"CAPITAL STOCK" of any Person shall mean any and all shares, interests, participations or other equivalents of or interests in (however designated) equity of such Person, including any preferred stock, but excluding any debt securities convertible into such equity.

"COMMISSION" means the Securities and Exchange Commission, as from time to time constituted, created under the Exchange Act, or, if at any time after the execution of this instrument such Commission is not existing and performing the duties now assigned to it under the Trust Indenture Act, then the body performing such duties at such time.

"COMMON DEPOSITARY" has the meaning specified in Section 304.

"COMPANY" means the Person named as the "Company" in the first paragraph of this Indenture until a successor corporation shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter "COMPANY" shall mean such successor corporation.

"COMPANY REQUEST" or "COMPANY ORDER" means a written request or order signed in the name of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, its President or a Vice President, and by its Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, its Controller, an Assistant Controller, its Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, and delivered to the Trustee.

"CORPORATE TRUST OFFICE" means the corporate trust office of the Trustee at which, at any particular time, its corporate trust business shall be administered, which office at the date hereof is located at 100 East Broad Street, Mail Suite 0H1-0181, Columbus, Ohio 43215, Attention: Corporate Trust Services Division, except for purposes of Section 1002 such term shall mean the office or agency of the Trustee in the Borough of Manhattan, the City of New York, which office at the date hereof is located at 55 Water Street, 1st Floor, Jeanette Park Entrance, New York, New York 10041.

"COVENANT DEFEASANCE" has the meaning specified in Section 1303.

"CURRENCY AGREEMENT" shall mean any foreign exchange contract, currency swap agreement or other similar agreement or arrangement designed to protect such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries against fluctuations in currency values.

"CUSTODIAN" means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator, sequestrator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.

"DEFAULT" means any event which is, or after notice or passage of time or both would be, an Event of Default.

"DEFAULTED INTEREST" has the meaning specified in Section 307.

"DEFEASANCE" has the meaning specified in Section 1302.

"DOLLARS" and "$" means lawful money of the United States of America.

"EVENT OF DEFAULT" has the meaning specified in Section 501.

"EXCHANGE ACT" means the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

"GAAP" means such accounting principles that are generally accepted in the United States of America as of the date of any computation required hereunder.

"HOLDER" or "SECURITY HOLDER" means a Person in whose name a Security is registered in the Security Register.

"INDEBTEDNESS" means, with respect to any Person, at any date, any of the following, without duplication, (i) any liability, contingent or otherwise, of such Person (A) for borrowed money (whether or not the recourse of the lender is to the whole of the assets of such Person or only to a portion thereof), (B) evidenced by a note, bond, debenture or similar instrument or (C) for the payment of money relating to a Capitalized Lease Obligation or other obligation (whether issued or assumed) relating to the deferred purchase price of property; (ii) all conditional sale obligations and all obligations under any title retention agreement (even if the rights and remedies of the seller under such agreement in the event of default are limited to repossession or sale of such property), but excluding trade accounts payable arising in the ordinary course of business; (iii) all obligations for the reimbursement of any obligor on any letter of credit, banker's acceptance or similar credit transaction other than entered into in the ordinary course of business; (iv) all indebtedness of others secured by (or for which the holder of such indebtedness has an existing right, contingent or otherwise, to be secured by) any Lien on any asset or property (including, without limitation, leasehold interests and any other tangible or intangible property) of such Person, whether or not such indebtedness is assumed by such Person or is not otherwise such Person's legal liability; provided, that if the obligations so secured have not been assumed in full by such Person or are otherwise not such Person's legal liability in full, the amount of such indebtedness for the purposes of this definition shall be limited to the lesser of the amount of such indebtedness secured by such Lien or the fair market value of the assets of the property securing such Lien; (v) all indebtedness of others (including all interest and dividends on any Indebtedness or preferred stock of any other Person) for the payment of which is guaranteed, directly or indirectly, by such Person or that is otherwise its legal liability or which such Person has agreed to purchase or repurchase or in respect of which such person has agreed contingently to supply or advance funds; and (vi) obligations in respect of Currency Agreements and Interest Swap Obligations.

"INDENTURE" means this instrument as originally executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof and shall include the terms of particular series of Securities established as contemplated by Section 301.

"INTEREST," when used with respect to an Original Issue Discount Security which by its terms bears interest only after Maturity, means interest payable after Maturity.

"INTEREST PAYMENT DATE," when used with respect to any Security, means the Stated Maturity of an installment of interest on such Security.

"INTEREST SWAP OBLIGATIONS" shall mean the obligations of any Person pursuant to any interest rate swap agreement, interest rate collar agreement or other similar agreement or arrangement designed to protect such Person or any of its Subsidiaries against fluctuations in interest rates.

"LIEN" shall mean any mortgage, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, lien, charge or adverse claim affecting title or resulting in an encumbrance against real or personal property or a security interest of any kind (including, without limitation, any conditional sale or other title retention agreement or lease in the nature thereof other than a lease which is not a Capitalized Lease Obligation.)

"MATURITY," when used with respect to any Security, means the date on which the principal of such Security or an installment of principal becomes due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise.

"OFFICER" means the Chairman of the Board, the Vice Chairman of the Board, the President, the Executive Vice President, any Vice President, the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer, the Controller, the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary of the Company.

"OFFICER'S CERTIFICATE" means a certificate signed by an Officer and delivered to the Trustee.

"OPINION OF COUNSEL" means a written opinion of counsel, who may be an employee of or counsel for the Company, and who shall be reasonably acceptable to the Trustee.

"ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT SECURITY" means any Security which provides for an amount less than the principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to
Section 502.

"OUTSTANDING," when used with respect to Securities or Securities of any series, means, as of the date of determination, all such Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered under this Indenture, except:
(i) Securities theretofore cancelled by the Trustee or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; (ii) Securities, or portions thereof, for whose payment or redemption money in the necessary amount has been theretofore deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent (other than the Company) in trust or set aside and segregated in trust by the Company (if the Company shall act as its own Paying Agent) for the Holders of such Securities; provided that, if such Securities are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly given pursuant to this Indenture or provision therefor satisfactory to the Trustee has been made; (iii) Securities which have been paid pursuant to Section 306 or in exchange for or in lieu of which other Securities have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to this Indenture, other than any such Securities in respect of which there shall have been presented to the Trustee proof satisfactory to it that such Securities are held by a bona fide purchaser in whose hands such Securities are valid obligations of the Company; and (iv) Securities which have been defeased pursuant to Section 1302; provided, however, that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount of the Outstanding Securities have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, (a) the principal amount of an Original Issue Discount Security that shall be deemed to be Outstanding for such purposes shall be that portion of the principal amount thereof that could be declared to be due and payable upon the occurrence of an Event of Default and the continuation thereof pursuant to the terms of such Original Issue Discount Security as of the date of such determination and (b) Securities owned by the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor

shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except that, in determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, only Securities which the Trustee knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded. Securities so owned which have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee's right so to act with respect to such Securities and that the pledgee is not the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor.

"PAYING AGENT" means any Person authorized by the Company to pay the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on any Securities on behalf of the Company. The Company may act as Paying Agent with respect to any Securities issued hereunder.

"PERSON" means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited partnership, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization, government or any agency or political subdivision thereof, or any other entity.

"PLACE OF PAYMENT," when used with respect to the Securities of any series, means the place or places where the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on the Securities of that series are payable as specified as contemplated by Section 301.

"REDEMPTION DATE," when used with respect to any Security of any series to be redeemed, means the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to this Indenture.

"REDEMPTION PRICE," when used with respect to any Security of any series to be redeemed, means the price at which it is to be redeemed pursuant to this Indenture.

"REGISTERED SECURITY" means any Security issued hereunder and registered in the Security Register.

"REGULAR RECORD DATE" for the interest payable on any Interest Payment Date on the Securities of any series means the date specified for that purpose as contemplated by Section 301.

"RESPONSIBLE OFFICER," when used with respect to the Trustee, means any officer of the Trustee assigned to administer corporate trust matters and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of his or her knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject.

"SECURITIES" has the meaning stated in the first recital of this Indenture and more particularly means any Securities authenticated and delivered under this Indenture.

"SECURITY REGISTER" and "SECURITY REGISTRAR" have the

respective meanings specified in Section 305.

"SIGNIFICANT SUBSIDIARY" means a Subsidiary or Subsidiaries of the Company possessing assets (including the assets of its own Subsidiaries but without regard to the Company or any other Subsidiary) having a book value, in the aggregate, equal to not less than 10% of the book value of the aggregate assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries calculated on a consolidated basis.

"SPECIAL RECORD DATE" for the payment of any Defaulted Interest means a date fixed by the Trustee pursuant to Section 307.

"STATED MATURITY," when used with respect to any Security or any installment of principal thereof or interest thereon, means the date specified in such Security as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of principal or interest is due and payable.

"SUBSIDIARY" of any Person means (i) any Person of which more than 50% of the total voting power of shares of capital stock entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managers or trustees thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by any Person or one or more of the Restricted Subsidiaries of that Person or a combination thereof, and (ii) any partnership, joint venture or other Person in which such Person or one or more of the Restricted Subsidiaries of that Person or a combination thereof has the power to control by contract or otherwise the board of directors or equivalent governing body or otherwise controls such entity.

"TRUST INDENTURE ACT" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, as in force at the date as of which this Indenture was executed; provided, however, that in the event that such Act is amended after such date, "Trust Indenture Act" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as so amended.

"TRUSTEE" means the Person named as the "Trustee" in the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor Trustee shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter "Trustee" shall mean or include each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such Person, "Trustee" as used with respect to the Securities of any series shall mean the Trustee with respect to Securities of that series.

"U.S. DEPOSITARY" means, with respect to the Securities of any series issuable or issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more permanent global Securities, the Person designated as U.S. Depositary by the Company pursuant to Section 301, which must be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act until a successor U.S. Depositary shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter "U.S. Depositary" shall mean or include each Person who is then a U.S. Depositary hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such Person, "U.S. Depositary" shall mean the U.S. Depositary with respect to the Securities of that series.

"U.S. GOVERNMENT OBLIGATIONS" means securities which are (i) direct obligations of the United States of America for the payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged or (ii) obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America the timely payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the United States of America which, in either case, are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof or otherwise subject to prepayment, and shall also

include a depository receipt issued by a New York Clearing House bank or trust company as custodian with respect to any such U.S. Government Obligation or a specific payment or interest on or principal of any such U.S. Government Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of a depository receipt, provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depository receipt or from any amount held by the custodian in respect of the U.S. Government Obligation or the specific payment of interest on or principal of the U.S. Government Obligation evidenced by such depository receipt.

"VICE PRESIDENT," when used with respect to the Company or the Trustee, means any vice president, whether or not designated by a number or a word or words added before or after the title "vice president".

SECTION 102. COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATES AND OPINIONS.

Upon any application or request by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under any provision of this Indenture, other than an action permitted by Sections 205 and 704 hereof, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee an Officer's Certificate stating that all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with and an Opinion of Counsel stating that in the opinion of such counsel all such conditions precedent, if any, have been complied with, except that in the case of any such application or request as to which the furnishing of such documents is specifically required by any provision of this Indenture relating to such particular application or request, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished.

Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture shall include:

(a) a statement that each individual signing such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition and the definitions herein relating thereto;

(b) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based;

(c) a statement that, in the opinion of each such individual, he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and

(d) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such individual, such condition or covenant has been complied with.

SECTION 103. FORM OF DOCUMENTS DELIVERED TO TRUSTEE.

In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified by, or

covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents.

Any certificate or opinion of an Officer may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, counsel, unless such Officer knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to the matters upon which his certificate or opinion is based are erroneous. Any such certificate or Opinion of Counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, an Officer or Officers of the Company stating that the information with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the Company, unless such counsel knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to such matters are erroneous.

Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and form one instrument.

SECTION 104. ACTS OF HOLDERS.

(a) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given or taken by Holders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by agents duly appointed in writing; and, except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments are delivered to the Trustee and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the Company. Such instrument or instruments (and the action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the "ACT" of the Holders signing such instrument or instruments. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and (subject to Section 601) conclusive in favor of the Trustee and the Company, if made in the manner provided in this Section.

(b) The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such execution or by a certificate of a notary public or other officer authorized by law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual signing such instrument or writing acknowledged to him the execution thereof. Where such execution is by a signer acting in a capacity other than his individual capacity, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof of his authority. The fact and date of the execution of any

such instrument or writing, or the authority
of the Person executing the same, may also
be proved in any other manner which the
Trustee deems sufficient.

(d) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act of the Holder of any Security shall bind every future Holder of the same Security and the Holder of every Security issued upon the registration of transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof in respect of anything done, omitted or suffered to be done by the Trustee or the Company in reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Security.

(e) If the Company shall solicit from the Holders any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, the Company may, at its option, by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, fix in advance a record date for the determination of Holders entitled to give such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, but the Company shall have no obligation to do so. If such a record date is fixed, such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act may be given before or after such record date, but only the Holders of record at the close of business on such record date shall be deemed to be Holders for the purposes of determining whether Holders of the requisite proportion of Outstanding Securities have authorized or agreed or consented to such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, and for that purpose the Outstanding Securities shall be computed as of such record date; provided that no such authorization, agreement or consent by the Holders on such record date shall be deemed effective unless it shall become effective pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture not later than six months after the record date.

SECTION 105. NOTICES, ETC., TO TRUSTEE AND COMPANY.

Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or Act of Holders or other document provided or permitted by this Indenture to be made upon, given or furnished to, or filed with,

(a) the Trustee by any Holder or by the Company shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if made, given, furnished or filed in writing to or with the Trustee and received by the Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office, Attention: Corporate Trust Administration, or

(b) the Company by the Trustee or by any Holder shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to the Company addressed to it at the address of its principal office specified in the first paragraph of this Indenture, attention:

Secretary, or at any other address
previously furnished in writing to the
Trustee by the Company.

SECTION 106. NOTICE TO HOLDERS; WAIVER.

Where this Indenture or any Security provides for notice to Holders of any event, such notice shall be deemed sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein or in such Security expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each Holder affected by such event, at his address as it appears in the Security Register, not later than the latest date, and not earlier than the earliest date, prescribed for the giving of such notice. In any case where notice to Holders is given by mail, neither the failure to mail such notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed, to any particular Holder shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to other Holders or the validity of the proceedings to which such notice relates. Where this Indenture or any Security provides for notice in any manner, such notice may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice, either before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Trustee, but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in reliance upon such waiver.

In case by reason of the suspension of regular mail service or by reason of any other cause it shall be impracticable to give such notice by mail, then such notification as shall be made with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute a sufficient notification for every purpose hereunder.

Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver required or permitted under this Indenture shall be in the English language, except that any published notice may be in an official language of the country of publication.

SECTION 107. CONFLICT WITH TRUST INDENTURE ACT.

If any provision hereof limits, qualifies or conflicts with another provision hereof which is required to be included in this Indenture by any of the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act, such required provision shall control. If any provision of this Indenture modifies or excludes any provision of the Trust Indenture Act that may be so modified or excluded, the latter provision shall be deemed to apply to this Indenture as so modified or shall be excluded, as the case may be.

SECTION 108. EFFECT OF HEADINGS AND TABLE OF CONTENTS.

The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.

SECTION 109. SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS.

All covenants and agreements in this Indenture by the Company shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not.

SECTION 110. SEPARABILITY CLAUSE.

In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

SECTION 111. BENEFITS OF INDENTURE.

Nothing in this Indenture or in the Securities, express or implied, shall give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and their successors hereunder and the Holders, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Indenture.

SECTION 112. GOVERNING LAW.

This Indenture and the Securities shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws (other than the choice of law provisions) of the State of New York.

SECTION 113. LEGAL HOLIDAYS.

In any case where any Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date or Stated Maturity of any Security shall not be a Business Day at any Place of Payment, then (notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture or of the Securities) payment of interest or principal (and premium, if any) need not be made at such Place of Payment on such date, but may be made on the next succeeding Business Day or on such other day as may be set out in the Officer's Certificate pursuant to Section 301 at such Place of Payment with the same force and effect as if made on the Interest Payment Date or Redemption Date, or at the Stated Maturity, provided that no interest shall accrue for the period from and after such Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date or Stated Maturity, as the case may be.

SECTION 114. NO RECOURSE AGAINST OTHERS.

A director, officer, employee or stockholder, as such, of the Company shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company under the Securities or this Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of such obligations or their creation. Each Security holder, by accepting a Security, waives and releases all such liability. Such waivers and releases are part of the consideration for the issuance of the Securities.

ARTICLE 2

SECURITY FORMS

SECTION 201. FORMS GENERALLY.

The Securities of each series shall be in substantially the form set forth in this Article, or in such other form as shall be established by or pursuant to a Board Resolution or in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in each case with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as are required or permitted by this Indenture, and may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification and such legends or endorsements placed thereon as may be required to comply with the rules of any securities exchange or as may, consistently herewith, be determined by the Officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution of the Securities. If the form of Securities of any series is established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of an appropriate record of such action shall be certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Company Order contemplated by Section 303 for the authentication and delivery of such Securities.

The Trustee's certificates of authentication shall be in substantially the form set forth in this Article.

The definitive Securities shall be photocopied, printed, lithographed or engraved on steel engraved borders or may be produced in any other manner, all as determined by the Officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution of such Securities.

SECTION 202. FORM OF FACE OF SECURITY.

(If the Security is an Original Issue Discount Security, insert--FOR PURPOSES OF SECTION 1272 OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED (THE "CODE"), THE AMOUNT OF ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT (AS DEFINED IN
SECTION 1273(a)(1) OF THE CODE AND TREASURY REGULATION SECTION 1.1273-l(a) WITH RESPECT TO THIS SECURITY IS , THE ISSUE PRICE (AS DEFINED IN TREASURY REGULATION SECTION 1.1273-2) OF THIS SECURITY IS , THE ISSUE DATE (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 1275(a)(2) OF THE CODE AND TREASURY REGULATION SECTION 1.1273-2) OF THIS SECURITY IS AND THE YIELD TO MATURITY OF THIS SECURITY IS ).

Kennametal Inc.

No. ___________ ($)_____________

Kennametal Inc., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (herein called the "Company," which term includes any successor corporation under the Indenture hereinafter referred to), for value received, hereby promises to pay to , or registered assigns, the principal sum of $ on . (If the Security is to bear interest prior to Maturity, insert --, and to pay interest thereon from _______________ or from the most recent Interest Payment Date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for, (semi-annually) (quarterly) (monthly) in arrears on and in each year, commencing, at the rate of % per annum, until the principal hereof is paid or made available for payment (If applicable insert --, and (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable) at the rate of % per annum on any overdue principal and premium and on any overdue installment of interest). The interest so payable, and punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date will, as provided in such Indenture, be paid to the Person in whose name this Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest, which shall be the of (whether or not a Business Day), as the case maybe, next preceding such Interest Payment Date. Any such interest not so punctually paid or duly provided for will forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on such Regular Record Date and may either be paid to the Person in whose name this Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest to be fixed by the Trustee, notice whereof shall be given to Holders of Securities of this series not less than 10 days prior to such Special Record Date, or be paid at any time in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange on which the Securities of this series may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, all as more fully provided in said Indenture.)

(If the Security is not to bear interest prior to Maturity, insert--The principal of this Security shall not bear interest except in the case of a default in payment of principal upon acceleration, upon redemption or at Stated Maturity and in such case the overdue principal of this Security shall bear interest at the rate of % per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), which shall accrue from the date of such default in payment to the date payment of such principal has been made or duly provided for. Interest on any overdue principal shall be payable on demand. Any such interest on any overdue principal that is not so paid on demand shall bear interest at the rate of % per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), which shall accrue from the date of such demand for payment to the date payment of such interest has been made or duly provided for, and such interest shall also be payable on demand.)

Payment of the principal of, and premium, if any, and (if applicable, insert--any such) interest on this Security will be made at the office or agency of the Company maintained for that purpose in , in Dollars (if applicable, insert--; provided, however, that at the option of the Company payment of interest may be made by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto as such address shall appear in the Security Register).

Reference is hereby made to the further provisions of this Security set forth on the reverse hereof, which further provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth at this place.

Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by the Trustee referred to on the reverse hereof by manual signature, this Security shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be duly executed under its corporate seal.

Kennametal Inc.

By:

Attest:

(SEAL)

SECTION 203. FORM OF REVERSE OF SECURITY.

This Security is one of a duly authorized issue of securities of the Company (herein called the "Securities"), issued and to be issued in one or more series under an Indenture, dated as of ________ __, 200___ (herein called the "Indenture"), between the Company and Bank One Trust Company, N.A. (herein called the "Trustee," which term includes any successor trustee under the Indenture), to which Indenture and all indentures supplemental thereto reference is hereby made for a statement of the respective rights, limitations of rights, duties and immunities thereunder of the Company, the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities and of the terms upon which the Securities are, and are to be, authenticated and delivered. This Security is one of the series designated on the face hereof (limited in aggregate principal amount to $ ).

(If applicable, insert--The Securities of this series are subject to redemption upon not less than 30 nor more than 45 days' notice by first class mail, (if applicable, insert-- (1) on in any year commencing with the year ____ and ending with the year through operation of the sinking fund for this series at a Redemption Price equal to 100% of the principal amount, and (2)) at any time (on or after ,), as a whole or in part, at the election of the Company, at the following Redemption Prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount):

If redeemed (on or before , %, and if redeemed) during the 12-month period beginning of the years indicated,

Year Redemption Price Year Redemption Price

and thereafter at a Redemption Price equal to _______ of the principal amount, together in the case of any such redemption (if applicable, insert -- (whether through operation of the sinking

fund or otherwise)) with accrued and unpaid interest to the Redemption Date, but interest installments whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to such Redemption Date will be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities, of record at the close of business on the relevant Record Dates referred to on the face hereof, all as provided in the Indenture.)

(If applicable, insert -- The Securities of this series are subject to redemption upon not less than 30 nor more than 45 days' notice by first class mail, (1) on in any year commencing with the year and ending with the year through operation of the sinking fund for this series at the Redemption Prices for redemption through operation of the sinking fund (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) set forth in the table below, and (2) at any time (on or after ____________), as a whole or in part, at the election of the Company, at the Redemption Prices for redemption otherwise than through operation of the sinking fund (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) set forth in the table below:

    If redeemed during a 12-month period beginning       of the years indicated,

                   Redemption Price for                 Redemption Price for
                    Redemption Through                  Redemption Otherwise
                     Operation of the                Than Through Operation Year
                       Sinking Fund                      of the Sinking Fund

and thereafter at a Redemption Price equal to         % of the principal amount,

together in the case of any such redemption (whether through operation of the sinking fund or otherwise) with accrued and unpaid interest to the Redemption Date, but interest installments whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to such Redemption Date will be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities, of record at the close of business on the relevant Record Dates referred to on the face hereof, all as provided in the Indenture.)

(Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company may not, prior to redeem any Securities of this series as contemplated by (clause (2) of) the preceding paragraph as a part of, or in anticipation of, any refunding operation by the application, directly or indirectly, of moneys borrowed having an interest cost to the Company (calculated in accordance with generally accepted financial practice) of less than % per annum.)

(The sinking fund for this series provides for the redemption on in each year beginning with the year and ending with the year of (not less than) $ (("mandatory sinking fund") and not more than $ aggregate principal amount of Securities of this series.) (Securities of this series acquired or redeemed by the Company otherwise than through (mandatory) sinking fund payments may be credited against subsequent (mandatory) sinking fund payments otherwise required to be made--in the (inverse) order in which they become due.)

(In the event of redemption of this Security in part only a new Security or Securities of this series for the unredeemed portion hereof will be issued in the name of the Holder hereof upon the cancellation hereof.)

(If the Security is not an Original Issue Discount Security, insert -- If any Event of Default with respect to Securities of this series shall occur and be continuing, the principal of the Securities of this series may be declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture.) (If the Security is an Original Issue Discount Security, insert -- If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of this series shall occur and be continuing, an amount of principal of the Securities of this series may be declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture. Such amount shall be equal -- insert formula for determining the amount.) Upon payment (i) of the amount of principal so declared due and payable and (ii) of interest on any overdue principal and overdue interest (in each case to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), all of the Company's obligations in respect of the payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities of this series shall terminate.

This Security is a senior unsecured obligation of the Company and will rank pari passu in right of payment with all other senior unsecured obligations of the Company.

This Security is subject to Defeasance as described in the Indenture.

The Indenture may be modified by the Company and the Trustee without consent of any Holder with respect to certain matters as described in the Indenture. In addition, the Indenture permits, with certain exceptions as therein provided, the amendment thereof and the modification of the rights and obligations of the Company and the rights of the Holders of the Securities of each series to be affected under the Indenture at any time by the Company and the Trustee with the consent of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities at the time Outstanding of each series to be affected. The Indenture also contains provisions permitting the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of each series at the time Outstanding, on behalf of the Holders of all Securities of such series, to waive compliance by the Company with certain provisions of the Indenture and certain past defaults under the Indenture and their consequences. Any such consent or waiver by the Holder of this Security shall bind such Holder and all future Holders of this Security and of any Security issued upon the registration of transfer hereof or in exchange hereof or in lieu hereof, whether or not notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Security.

No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Security or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of, and premium, if any, and interest on this Security at the times, place and rate, and in the coin or currency, herein prescribed.

As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, the transfer of this Security is registrable in the Security Register, upon surrender of this Security for registration of transfer at the office or agency of the Company in any place where the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on this Security are payable, duly endorsed by, or accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Security Registrar duly executed by the Holder hereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing, and thereupon one or more new Securities of this series, of authorized denominations and for the same Stated Maturity and aggregate principal amount, will be issued to the designated transferee or transferees.

The Securities of this series are issuable only in registered form without coupons in denominations of ($1,000) and any integral multiple thereof. As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, Securities of this series are exchangeable for a like aggregate principal amount of Securities of this series of a different authorized denomination, as requested by the Holder surrendering the same.

No service charge shall be made for any such registration of transfer or exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith.

Prior to due presentment of this Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name this Security is registered as the owner hereof for all purposes, whether or not this Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

The Indenture imposes certain limitations on the ability of the Company to, among other things, merge or consolidate with any other Person or sell, assign, transfer or lease all or substantially all of its properties or assets (If other covenants are applicable pursuant to the provisions of Section 301, insert here). All such covenants and limitations are subject to a number of important qualifications and exceptions. The Company must report periodically to the Trustee on compliance with the covenants in the Indenture.

A director, officer, employee or stockholder, as such, of the Company shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company under this Security or the Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of, such obligations or their creation. Each Holder, by accepting a Security, waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for the issuance of this Security.

(If applicable, insert -- Pursuant to a recommendation promulgated by the Committee on Uniform Security Identification Procedures ("CUSIP"), the Company has caused CUSIP numbers to be printed on the Securities of this series as a convenience to the Holders of the Securities of this series. No representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of such numbers as printed on the Securities of this series and reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed hereon.)

All capitalized terms used in this Security without definition which are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.

ASSIGNMENT FORM

To assign this Security, fill in the form below: (I) or (we) assign and transfer this Security to

(Insert assignee's social security or tax I.D. number)

(Print or type assignee's name, address and zip code)

and irrevocably appoint _______________________________________________________ agent to transfer this Security on the books of the Company. The agent may substitute another to act for him.

Dated:                         Your Signature:
      ---------------------                   ----------------------------------
                                                   (Sign exactly as your name
                                                   appears on the other side
                                                   of this Security)

Signature Guaranty:
(Signatures must be guaranteed by an "eligible guarantor institution" meeting the requirements of the Transfer Agent, which requirements will include membership or participation in STAMP or such other "signature guarantee program" as may be determined by the Transfer Agent in addition to, or in substitution for, STAMP all in accordance with the Exchange Act.)

Social Security Number or Taxpayer Identification Number:

SECTION 204. FORM OF TRUSTEE'S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION.

Dated:

This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

as Trustee

By:
Authorized Signatory

SECTION 205. SECURITIES IN GLOBAL FORM.

If Securities of a series are issuable in global form, as contemplated by Section 301, then, notwithstanding the provisions of Section 302, any such Security shall represent such of the Outstanding Securities of such series as shall be specified therein and may provide that it shall represent the aggregate amount of Outstanding Securities from time to time endorsed thereon and that the aggregate amount of Outstanding Securities represented thereby may from time to time be reduced to reflect exchanges. Any endorsement of a Security in global form to reflect the amount, or any increase or decrease in the amount, of Outstanding Securities represented thereby shall be made in such manner and upon instructions given by such Person or Persons as shall be specified therein or in the Company Order to be delivered to the Trustee pursuant to Section 303 or Section 304. Subject to the provisions of
Section 303 and, if applicable, Section 304, the Trustee shall deliver and redeliver any Security in permanent global form in the manner and upon instructions given by the Person or Persons specified therein or in the applicable Company Order. If a Company Order pursuant to Section 303 or 304 has been, or simultaneously is, delivered, any instructions by the Company with respect to endorsement or delivery or redelivery of a Security in global form shall be in writing but need not comply with Section 102 and need not be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel.

The provisions of Section 309 shall apply to any Security represented by a Security in global form if such Security was never issued and sold by the Company and the Company delivers to the Trustee the Security in global form together with written instructions (which need not comply with
Section 102 and need not be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel) with regard to the reduction in the principal amount of Securities represented thereby.

Notwithstanding the provisions of Sections 201 and 307, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301, payment of principal of, premium, if any, and interest on any Security in permanent global form shall be made to the Person or Persons specified therein.

Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 308 and except as provided in the preceding paragraph, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company and the Trustee shall treat a Person as the Holder of such principal amount of Outstanding Securities represented by a permanent global Security as shall be specified in a written statement of the Holder of such permanent global Security.

SECTION 206. CUSIP NUMBER.

The Company in issuing Securities of any series may use a "CUSIP" number, and, if so, the Trustee may use the CUSIP number in notices of redemption or exchange as a convenience to Holders of such series; provided, that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of the CUSIP number printed on the notice or on the Securities of such series, and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers. The Company will promptly notify the Trustee of any change in the CUSIP number of any series of Securities.

SECTION 207. FORM OF LEGEND FOR THE SECURITIES IN GLOBAL FORM.

Any Security in global form authenticated and delivered hereunder shall bear a legend in substantially the following form:

"This Security is in global form within the meaning of the Indenture hereinafter referred to and is registered in the name of a Common Depositary or a U.S. Depositary. Unless and until it is exchanged in whole or in part for Securities in certificated form, this Security may not be transferred except as a whole by the Common Depositary or a U.S. Depositary or by a nominee of the Common Depositary or a nominee of the U.S. Depositary as the case may be."

ARTICLE 3

THE SECURITIES

SECTION 301. AMOUNT UNLIMITED; ISSUABLE IN SERIES.

The aggregate principal amount of Securities which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited.

The Securities may be issued from time to time in one or more series. There shall be established in or pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer's Certificate, or established in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, prior to the issuance of Securities of any series:

(1) the title of the Securities of the series (which shall distinguish the Securities of the series from all other Securities);

(2) any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the series which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of the series pursuant to Sections 304, 305, 306, 906 or 1107);

(3) whether any Securities of the series are to be issuable in permanent global form with or without coupons and, if so, (i) whether beneficial owners of interests in any such permanent global security may exchange such interests for Securities of such series and of like tenor of any authorized form and denomination and the circumstances under which any such exchanges may occur, if other than in the manner provided in Section 305, and (ii) the name of the Common Depositary (as defined in Section 304) or the U.S. Depositary, as the case may be, with respect to any global security;

(4) the date or dates on which the principal of the Securities of the series is payable;

(5) the rate or rates at which the Securities of the series shall bear interest (including reset rates, if any, and the method by which such rate will be determined), if any, the date or dates from which such interest shall accrue, the Interest Payment Dates on which such interest shall be payable and the Regular Record Date for the interest payable on any Interest Payment Date and, if applicable to such series of Securities, the basis points and United States Treasury rate(s) and any other rates or other methods to be used in calculating the reset rate;

(6) the place or places where the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on Securities of the series shall be payable and where the Company will maintain an office or agency where Securities may be presented for registration of transfer or exchange and the place or places where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of Securities and the Indenture may be made;

(7) the right of the Company, if any, to defer any payment of principal of, premium, or interest on the Securities of the series, and the maximum length of any such deferral period which shall not exceed the Stated Maturity for the final installment of principal on the Securities of such series;

(8) the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which the currency or currency units and the terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company, pursuant to any sinking fund or otherwise;

(9) the obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem or purchase Securities of the series pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of a Holder thereof and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which, the currency or currency units and the terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series shall be redeemed or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation, and, where applicable, the obligation of the Company to select the Securities to be redeemed;

(10) if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof, the denominations in which Securities of the series shall be issuable;

(11) if other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of Securities of the series which shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to
Section 502;

(12) any additions, modifications or deletions in the Events of Default with respect to Securities of the series, if any, other than those set forth herein;

(13) if either or both of Section 1302 and Section 1303 shall be inapplicable to the Securities of the series (provided that if no such inapplicability shall be specified, then both Section 1302 and Section 1303 shall be applicable to the Securities of the series);

(14) if other than U.S. dollars, the currency or currencies or units based on or related to currencies in which the Securities of such series shall be denominated and in which payments or principal of, and any premium and interest on, such Securities shall or may by payable;

(15) additions, modifications or deletions of the Company's covenants with respect to Securities of the series, if any, other than those set forth herein;

(16) any index or indices used to determine the amount of payments of principal of any premium, if any, on such securities and the manner in which such amounts will be determined;

(17) if other than the Trustee, the identity of the Registrar and any Paying Agent;

(18) the appointment of a Person as a Trustee which meets the requirements of Section 609 with respect to Securities of the series;

(19) the terms and conditions of any obligation or right of the Company or a Holder to exchange or convert Securities into other securities;

(20) any other terms of the series (which terms shall not be inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture).

All Securities of any one series shall be substantially identical except as to denomination and except as may otherwise be provided in or pursuant to such Board Resolution and set forth in such Officer's Certificate or in any such Indenture supplemental hereto.

If any of the terms of the series are established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of an appropriate record of such action shall be certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Officer's Certificate setting forth, or providing the manner for determining, the terms of the Securities of such series.

SECTION 302. DENOMINATIONS.

The Securities of each series shall be issuable in registered form without coupons in such denominations as shall be specified as contemplated by Section 301. In the absence of any such provisions with respect to the Securities of any series, the Securities of such series shall be issuable in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof.

SECTION 303. EXECUTION, AUTHENTICATION, DELIVERY AND DATING.

The Securities shall be executed on behalf of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, its Vice Chairman of the Board, its President or one of its Vice Presidents, under its corporate seal reproduced thereon attested by its Secretary or one of its Assistant Secretaries. The signature of any of these officers on the Securities may be manual or facsimile. The seal of the Company may be in the form of a facsimile thereof and may be impressed, affixed, imprinted or otherwise reproduced on the Securities. Typographical and other minor errors or defects in any such reproduction of the seal or any such signature shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any security that has been duly authenticated and delivered by the Trustee.

Securities bearing the manual or facsimile signatures of individuals who were at any time the proper officers of the Company shall bind the Company, notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them have ceased to hold such offices prior to the authentication and delivery of such Securities or did not hold such offices at the date of such Securities.

At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series executed by the Company to the Trustee for authentication, together with a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of such Securities, and the Trustee in accordance with the Company Order shall authenticate and make such Securities available for delivery. If the form or terms of the Securities of the series have been established in or pursuant to one or more Board Resolutions as permitted by Sections 201 and 301, in authenticating such Securities, and accepting the additional responsibilities under this Indenture in relation to such Securities, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to Sections 315(a) through (d) of the Trust Indenture Act) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating,

(a) if the form of such Securities has been established by or pursuant to Board Resolution as permitted by Section 201, that such form has been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture;

(b) if the terms of such Securities have been established by or pursuant to Board Resolution as permitted by Section 301, that such terms have been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture;

(c) that such Securities, when authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and issued by the Company in the manner and subject to any conditions specified in such Opinion of Counsel, will

constitute valid and legally binding
obligations of the Company, enforceable in
accordance with their terms, except to the
extent enforceability may be limited by
applicable bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization, moratorium and other similar
laws affecting the enforcement of creditors'
rights generally and by the effect of
general principles of equity (regardless of
whether enforceability is considered in a
proceeding in equity or at law); and

(d) that no consent, approval, authorization, order, registration or qualification of or with any court or any governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company is required for the execution and delivery of such Securities by the Company, except such as have been obtained (except that no opinion need be expressed as to state securities or Blue Sky laws).

If such form or terms have been so established, the Trustee shall not be required to authenticate such Securities if the issue of such Securities pursuant to this Indenture will affect the Trustee's own rights, duties or immunities under the Securities and this Indenture or otherwise in a manner which is not reasonably acceptable to the Trustee, or in the written opinion of counsel to the Trustee (which counsel may be an employee of the Trustee) such authentication may not lawfully be made or would involve the Trustee in personal liability.

Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 301 and of the immediately preceding paragraph, if all Securities of a series are not to be originally issued at one time, it shall not be necessary to deliver the Officer's Certificate otherwise required pursuant to Section 301 or the Company Order and Opinion of Counsel otherwise required pursuant to the immediately preceding paragraph at or prior to the time of authentication of each security of such series if such documents are delivered at or prior to the authentication upon original issuance of the first security of such series to be issued.

If the Company shall establish pursuant to Section 301 that the Securities of a series are to be issued in the form of one or more global Securities, then the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall, in accordance with this Section and the Company Order with respect to the authentication and delivery of such series, authenticate and deliver one or more global Securities that (i) shall be in an aggregate amount equal to the aggregate principal amount specified in such Company Order, (ii) shall be registered in the name of the Common Depositary or U.S. Depositary, as the case may be, therefor or its nominee, and (iii) shall be made available for delivery by the Trustee to such depositary or pursuant to such depositary's instruction.

Each depositary designated pursuant to Section 301 must, at the time of its designation and at all times while it serves as depositary, be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act and any other applicable statute or regulation.

Unless otherwise provided for in the form of security, each security shall be dated the date of its authentication.

No security shall be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose unless there appears on such security a certificate of authentication substantially in the form provided for herein executed by the Trustee by manual signature, and such certificate upon any security shall be conclusive evidence, and the only evidence, that such security has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder and is entitled to the benefits of this Indenture.

SECTION 304. TEMPORARY SECURITIES.

Pending the preparation of definitive Securities of any series, the Company may execute, and upon Company Order the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, temporary Securities which are printed, lithographed, typewritten, mimeographed or otherwise produced, in any authorized denomination, substantially of the tenor of the definitive Securities in lieu of which they are issued and with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as the officers executing such Securities may determine, as evidenced by their execution of such Securities.

In the case of Securities of any series, such temporary Securities may be in global form, representing all or a portion of the Outstanding Securities of such series.

Except in the case of temporary Securities in global form (which shall be exchanged in accordance with the provisions of Section 305), if temporary Securities of any series are issued, the Company will cause definitive Securities of that series to be prepared without unreasonable delay. After the preparation of definitive Securities of such series, the temporary Securities of such series shall be exchangeable for definitive Securities of such series upon surrender of the temporary Securities of such series at the office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment for that series, without charge to the Holder. Upon surrender for cancellation of any one or more temporary Securities of any series, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery in exchange therefor a like principal amount of definitive Securities of the same series of authorized denominations and of like tenor. Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities of any series shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Securities of such series.

If temporary Securities of any series are issued in global form, any such temporary global Security shall, unless otherwise provided therein, be delivered to the office of a depositary or common depositary (the "COMMON DEPOSITARY") for credit to the respective accounts of the beneficial owners of such Securities (or to such other accounts as they may direct).

SECTION 305. REGISTRATION, REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER AND EXCHANGE.

The Company shall cause to be kept at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee a register (the register maintained in such office and in any other office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment being herein sometimes collectively referred to as the "Security Register") in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Company shall provide for the registration of Securities and of registration of transfers of Securities. The Trustee is hereby appointed "Security Registrar" for the purpose of registering Securities and transfers of Securities as herein provided.

Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any security of any series at the office or agency of the Company in Place of Payment for that series, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Securities of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of a like aggregate principal amount and Stated Maturity.

At the option of the Holder, Securities of any series may be exchanged for other Securities of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of a like aggregate principal amount and Stated Maturity, upon surrender of the Securities to be exchanged at such office or agency. Whenever any Securities are so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, the Securities which the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301, any permanent global security shall be exchangeable only as provided in this paragraph. If the beneficial owners of interests in a permanent global security are entitled to exchange such interests for Securities of such series and of like tenor and principal amount of another authorized form and denomination, as specified and as subject to the conditions contemplated by Section 301, then without unnecessary delay but in any event not later than the earliest date on which such interests may be so exchanged, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee definitive Securities of that series in aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of such permanent global security, executed by the Company. On or after the earliest date on which such interests may be so exchanged, such permanent global Securities shall be surrendered from time to time by the Common Depositary or the U.S. Depositary, as the case may be, and in accordance with instructions given to the Trustee and the Common Depositary or the U.S. Depositary, as the case may be (which instructions shall be in writing but need not comply with Section 102 or be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel), as shall be specified in the Company Order with respect thereto to the Trustee, as the Company's agent for such purpose, to be exchanged, in whole or in part, for definitive Securities of the same series without charge. The Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, in exchange for each portion of such surrendered permanent global security, a like aggregate principal amount of definitive Securities of the same series of authorized denominations and of like tenor as the portion of such permanent global security to be exchanged which shall be in the form of the Securities of such series; provided, however, that no such exchanges may occur during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of the mailing of a notice of redemption of Securities of that series selected for redemption under Section 1103 and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing. Promptly following any such exchange in part,

such permanent global Security shall be returned by the Trustee to the Common Depositary or the U.S. Depositary, as the case may be, or such other Common Depositary or U.S. Depositary referred to above in accordance with the written instructions of the Company referred to above. If a Security in the form specified for such series is issued in exchange for any portion of a permanent global Security after the close of business at the office or agency where such exchange occurs on (i) any Regular Record Date and before the opening of business at such office or agency on the relevant Interest Payment Date, or (ii) any Special Record Date and before the opening of business at such office or agency on the related proposed date for payment of interest or Defaulted Interest, as the case may be, such interest or Defaulted Interest will not be payable on such Interest Payment Date or proposed date for payment, as the case may be, in respect of such security in the form specified for such series, but will be payable on such Interest Payment Date or proposed date for payment, as the case may be, only to the Person to whom interest in respect of such portion of such permanent global Security is payable in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture.

All Securities issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities shall be the valid obligation, of the Company, evidencing the same debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.

Every Security presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or for exchange shall (if so required by the Company or the Trustee) be duly endorsed, or be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Security Registrar duly executed, by the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing.

Unless otherwise provided in the Securities to be transferred or exchanged, no service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities, other than exchanges pursuant to Section 304, 906 or 1107 not involving any transfer.

The Company shall not be required (i) to issue, register the transfer of or exchange Securities of any series during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of the mailing of a notice of redemption of Securities of that series selected for redemption under Section 1103 and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing, or (ii) to register the transfer of or exchange any security so selected for redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any security being redeemed in part.

SECTION 306. MUTILATED, DESTROYED, LOST AND STOLEN SECURITIES.

If any mutilated Security is surrendered to the Trustee, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a new Security of the same series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.

If there shall be delivered to the Company and the Trustee (i) evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security and (ii) such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them and any agent of either of them harmless, then, in the absence of notice to the Company or the Trustee that such Security has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute and upon its request the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Security, a new Security of the same series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.

In case any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security has become or is about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may, instead of issuing a new Security, pay such Security.

Upon the issuance of any new Security under this Section, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith.

Every new Security of any series issued pursuant to this
Section in lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall constitute an original additional contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities of that series duly issued hereunder.

The provisions of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities.

SECTION 307. PAYMENT OF INTEREST; INTEREST RIGHTS PRESERVED.

Interest on any Security which is payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date shall be paid at the Place of Payment to the Person in whose name that Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest, except that at the option of the Company payment may be made (i) except in the case of a global Security by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto as such address appears in the Securities Registrar or (ii) by transfer to an account maintained by the Person entitled thereto as specified in the Securities Registrar provided that proper transfer instructions have been received by the Regular Record Date.

Any interest on any Security of any series which is payable, but is not punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date (herein called "Defaulted Interest") shall forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on the relevant Regular Record Date by virtue of having been such Holder, and such Defaulted Interest may be paid by the Company, at its election in each case, as provided in Clause (1) or (2) below:

(1) The Company may elect to make payment of any Defaulted Interest to the Persons in whose names the Securities of such series (or their respective

Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest, which shall be fixed in the following manner. The Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of Defaulted Interest proposed to be paid on each Security of such series and the date of the proposed payment, and at the same time the Company shall deposit with the Trustee an amount of money equal to the aggregate amount proposed to be paid in respect of such Defaulted Interest or shall make arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit prior to the date of the proposed payment, such money when deposited to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest as in this Section 307 provided. Thereupon the Trustee shall fix a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest which shall be not more than 15 days and not less than 10 days prior to the date of the proposed payment and not less than 10 days after the receipt by the Trustee of the notice of the proposed payment. The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company of such Special Record Date and, in the name and at the expense of the Company, shall cause notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date therefor to be mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each Holder of Securities of such series at his address as it appears in the Security Register, not less than 10 days prior to such Special Record Date. Notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date therefor having been so mailed, such Defaulted Interest shall be paid to the Persons in whose names the Securities of such series (or their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of business on such Special Record Date and shall no longer be payable pursuant to the following Clause (2).

(2) The Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest on the Securities of any series in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange on which such Securities may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, if, after notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant to this Section 307, such manner of payment shall be deemed practicable by the Trustee.

Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section, each Security delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of or in exchange for or in lieu of any other Security shall carry the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, which were carried by such other Security.

SECTION 308. PERSONS DEEMED OWNERS.

Prior to due presentment of a Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name such Security is registered as the owner of such Security for the purpose of receiving payment of principal of (and premium, if any) and (subject to Section 307) interest on such Security and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not such Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

None of the Company, the Trustee or any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interest of a Security in global form, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interest. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any Security in global form, nothing herein shall prevent the Company or the Trustee or any agent of the Company or the Trustee from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by any U.S. Depositary or Common Depositary (or its nominee), as a Holder, with respect to such Security in global form or impair, as between such U.S. Depositary or Common Depositary and owners of beneficial interests in such Security in global form, the operation of customary practices governing the exercise of the right of such U.S. Depositary or Common Depositary (or its nominee) as holder of such Security in global form.

SECTION 309. CANCELLATION.

All Securities surrendered for payment, redemption, registration of transfer or exchange or for credit against any sinking fund payment shall, if surrendered to any Person other than the Trustee, be delivered to the Trustee and shall be promptly cancelled by it. The Company may at any time deliver to the Trustee for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated and delivered hereunder which the Company may have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and all Securities so delivered shall be promptly cancelled by the Trustee. No Securities shall be authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any Securities cancelled as provided in this Section, except as expressly permitted by this Indenture. All cancelled Securities shall be held by the Trustee and may be destroyed (and, if so destroyed, certification of their destruction shall be delivered to the Company upon its request, unless, by a Company Order, the Company shall direct that cancelled Securities be returned to it).

SECTION 310. COMPUTATION OF INTEREST.

Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for Securities of any series, interest on the Securities of each series shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months.

ARTICLE 4

SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

SECTION 401. SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE.

This Indenture shall cease to be of further effect (except as to any surviving rights of registration of transfer or exchange of Securities herein expressly provided for or in the form of Security for such series), when the Trustee, upon Company Request and at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, when

(1) either

(A) all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than (i) Securities which have been destroyed, lost or stolen and which have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 306 and (ii) Securities for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Company and thereafter repaid to the Company or discharged from such trust, as provided in Section 1009) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or

(B) all such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation

(i) have become due and payable, or

(ii) will become due and payable at their Stated Maturity within one year, or

(iii) are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company,

and the Company, in the case of (i),
(ii) or (iii) above, has deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust for the purpose an amount sufficient to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for principal (and premium, if any) and interest to the date of such deposit

(in

the case of Securities which have
become due and payable) or the
Stated Maturity or Redemption Date,
as the case may be;

(2) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company; and

(3) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer's Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent provided for herein relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture have been complied with.

Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section 607, the obligations of the Company to any Authenticating Agent under Section 614 and, if money shall have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to subclause (B) of clause (1) of this Section, the obligations of the Trustee under Section 402 and the last paragraph of Section 1009 shall survive.

SECTION 402. APPLICATION OF TRUST MONEY.

Subject to the provisions of the last paragraph of Section 1009, all money deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 401 shall be held in trust and applied by it, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Persons entitled thereto, of the principal (and premium, if any) and interest for whose payment such money has been deposited with or received by the Trustee.

ARTICLE 5

REMEDIES

SECTION 501. EVENTS OF DEFAULT.

"EVENT OF DEFAULT," wherever used herein with respect to Securities of any series, means any one of the following events (whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether it shall be voluntary or involuntary or to be effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body):

(1) the Company defaults in the payment of interest on any Security of that series when such interest becomes due and payable and the default continues for a period of 30 days; provided, however, that if the Company is permitted by the terms of the Securities of the applicable series to defer the payment in question, the date on which such payment is due and payable shall be the date on which the Company is required to make payment following such deferral, if such deferral has been elected pursuant to the terms of the Securities; or

(2) the Company defaults in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any, on) any Security of that series when the same becomes due and payable at Maturity, upon redemption (including redemptions under Article 11), or otherwise; provided, however, that if the Company is permitted by the terms of the Securities of the applicable series to defer the payment in question, the date on which such payment is due and payable shall be the date on which the Company is required to make payment following such deferral, if such deferral has been elected pursuant to the terms of the Securities; or

(3) the Company fails to observe or perform in any material respect any of its other covenants, warranties or agreements in the Securities of that series or this Indenture (other than a covenant, agreement or warranty a default in whose performance or whose breach is elsewhere in this Section specifically dealt with or which has expressly been included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of series of Securities other than that series), and the failure to observe or perform continues for the period and after the notice specified in the last paragraph of this Section; or

(4) any event of default, as defined in any other indenture, mortgage, or instrument under which there may be issued, or by which there may be secured or evidenced, any Indebtedness of the Company (whether such Indebtedness now exists or shall hereafter be created or incurred) shall occur and shall consist of default in the payment of such Indebtedness at the maturity thereof (after giving effect to any applicable grace period) or shall result in Indebtedness becoming or being declared due and payable prior to the date on which it would otherwise become due and payable, and such default in payment is not cured or such acceleration shall not be rescinded or annulled within 30 days after written notice to the Company from the Trustee or to the Company and to the Trustee from the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that series at the time outstanding; provided that it shall not be an Event of Default if the principal amount of Indebtedness (other than Indebtedness represented by Securities issued pursuant to this Indenture) which is not paid at maturity or the maturity of which is accelerated is less than or equal to $25 million provided further that if, prior to a declaration of acceleration of the maturity of the Securities of that series or the entry of judgment in favor of the Trustee in a suit pursuant to Section 503, such default shall be remedied or cured by the Company or waived by the holders of such Indebtedness, then the Event of Default hereunder by reason thereof shall be deemed likewise to have been thereupon remedied, cured or waived without further action upon the part of either the Trustee or any of the Holders of the Securities of that series, and provided further, that, subject to Sections 601 and 602, the Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of any such default unless written notice of such default shall have been given to the Trustee by the Company, by a holder or an agent of a holder

of any such Indebtedness, by the trustee then acting under any indenture or other instrument under which such default shall have occurred, or by the Holders of at least five percent in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that series at the time Outstanding; or

(5) the Company pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law (A) commences a voluntary case or proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law with respect to itself, (B) consents to the entry of a judgment, decree or order for relief against it in an involuntary case or proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law, (C) consents to or acquiesces in the institution of bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings against it, (D) applies for, consents to or acquiesces in the appointment of or taking possession by a Custodian of the Company or for any material part of its property, (E) makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors or (F) takes any corporate action in furtherance of or to facilitate, conditionally or otherwise, any of the foregoing; or

(6) (i) a court of competent jurisdiction enters a judgment, decree or order for relief in respect of the Company in an involuntary case or proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law which shall (A) approve as properly filed a petition seeking reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition in respect of the Company, (B) appoint a Custodian of the Company or for any material part of its property, or (C) order the winding-up or liquidation of its affairs, and such judgment, decree or order shall remain unstayed and in effect for a period of 60 consecutive days; or (ii) any bankruptcy or insolvency petition or application is filed, or any bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding is commenced against the Company and such petition, application or proceeding is not dismissed within 60 days; or (iii) a warrant of attachment is issued against any material portion of the property of the Company which is not released within 60 days of service; or

(7) any other Event of Default provided with respect to Securities of that series.

A Default under clause (3) above is not an Event of Default until the Trustee or the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series notify the Company of the Default and the Company does not cure the Default within 90 days after receipt of the notice. The notice must specify the Default, demand that it be remedied and state that the notice is a "Notice of Default." When a Default under clause (3) above is cured within such 90-day period, it ceases.

SECTION 502. ACCELERATION OF MATURITY; RESCISSION AND ANNULMENT.

If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series (other than an Event of Default specified in clause (5) or (6) of Section 501) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee by notice in writing to the Company, or the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of

the Outstanding Securities of that series by notice in writing to the Company and the Trustee, may declare the unpaid principal of and accrued interest to the date of acceleration (or, if the Securities of that series are Original Issue Discount Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of that series) on all the Outstanding Securities of that series to be due and payable immediately and, upon any such declaration, the Outstanding Securities of that series (or specified principal amount) shall become and be immediately due and payable.

If an Event of Default specified in clause (5) or (6) of
Section 501 occurs, all unpaid principal of and accrued interest on the Outstanding Securities of that series (or specified principal amount) shall ipso facto become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration or other act on the part of the Trustee or any Holder of any Security of that series.

Upon payment of all such principal and interest, all of the Company's obligations under the Securities of that series and (upon payment of the Securities of all series) this Indenture shall terminate, except obligations under Section 607.

The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series by notice to the Trustee may rescind an acceleration and its consequences if (i) all existing Events of Default, other than the nonpayment of the principal and interest of the Securities of that series that has become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived, (ii) to the extent the payment of such interest is lawful, interest on overdue installments of interest and overdue principal that has become due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration have been paid,
(iii) the rescission would not conflict with any judgment or decree of a court of competent jurisdiction and (iv) all payments due to the Trustee and any predecessor Trustee under Section 607 have been made.

SECTION 503. COLLECTION OF INDEBTEDNESS AND SUITS FOR ENFORCEMENT BY TRUSTEE.

The Company covenants that if:

(1) default is made in the payment of any interest on any Security of any series when such interest becomes due and payable and such default continues for a period of 30 days, or

(2) default is made in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any, on) any Security of any series at the Maturity thereof,

the Company will, upon demand of the Trustee, pay to it, for the benefit of the Holders of such Securities, the whole amount then due and payable on such Securities for principal (and premium, if any) and interest and, to the extent that payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable, interest on any overdue principal (and premium, if any) and on any overdue interest, at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities, and, in addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the reasonable costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel.

If the Company fails to pay such amounts forthwith upon such demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, may institute a judicial proceeding for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, may prosecute such proceeding to judgment or final decree and may enforce the same against the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities and collect the moneys adjudged or decreed to be payable in the manner provided by law out of the property of the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities, wherever situated.

If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to secure any other proper remedy.

SECTION 504. TRUSTEE MAY FILE PROOFS OF CLAIM.

In case of the pendency of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, composition or other judicial proceeding relative to the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or the property of the Company or of such other obligor or their creditors, the Trustee (irrespective of whether the principal of the Securities shall then be due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Trustee shall have made any demand on the Company for the payment of overdue principal or interest) shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise,

(i) to file and prove a claim for the whole amount of principal (and premium, if any) and interest owing and unpaid in respect of the Securities and to file such other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agent and counsel) and of the Holders allowed in such judicial proceedings, and

(ii) to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same; and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to the Trustee and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due it for the reasonable compensation, expenses,

disbursements and advances of the Trustee,
its agents and counsel, and any other
amounts due the Trustee under Section 607.

Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding.

SECTION 505. TRUSTEE MAY ENFORCE CLAIMS WITHOUT POSSESSION OF SECURITIES.

All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or the Securities may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the Securities or the production thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment of the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities in respect of which such judgment has been recovered.

SECTION 506. APPLICATION OF MONEY COLLECTED.

Any money collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article in respect of the Securities of any series shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such money on account of principal (or premium, if any) or interest, upon presentation of the Securities in respect of which moneys have been collected and the notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon surrender thereof if fully paid:

First: To the payment of all amounts due the Trustee under
Section 607 applicable to such series;

Second: To the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid for principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on the Securities of such series in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on such Securities of such series for principal (and premium, if any) and interest, respectively; and

Third: To the Company.

The Trustee may fix a record date and payment date for any payment to Holders pursuant to this Section 506. At least fifteen (15) days before such record date, the Trustee shall mail to each Holder and the Company a notice that states the record date, the payment date and the amount to be paid.

SECTION 507. LIMITATION ON SUITS.

No Holder of any Security of any series shall have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless:

(1) such Holder has previously given written notice to the Trustee of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of that series;

(2) the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series shall have made written request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder;

(3) such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee reasonable indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in compliance with such request;

(4) the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such proceeding; and

(5) no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series;

it being understood and intended that no one or more of Holders of Securities of any series shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other of such Holders, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any other of such Holders or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all Holders of Securities of the affected series.

SECTION 508. UNCONDITIONAL RIGHT OF HOLDERS TO RECEIVE PRINCIPAL, PREMIUM AND INTEREST.

Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, the Holder of any Security shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional, to receive payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and (subject to Section 307) interest on such Security on the Stated Maturity or Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on the Redemption Date) and to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment, and such rights shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder.

SECTION 509. RESTORATION OF RIGHTS AND REMEDIES.

If the Trustee or any Holder has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder, then and in every such case, subject to any determination in such proceeding, the Company, the Trustee and the Holders

shall be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders shall continue as though no such proceeding has been instituted.

SECTION 510. RIGHTS AND REMEDIES CUMULATIVE.

Except as otherwise provided with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities in the last paragraph of Section 306, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.

SECTION 511. DELAY OR OMISSION NOT WAIVER.

No delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Holder of any Securities to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders, as the case may be.

SECTION 512. CONTROL BY HOLDERS.

The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee, with respect to the Securities of such series, provided that:

(1) such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture;

(2) the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction; and

(3) subject to Section 601, the Trustee need not take any action which might involve the Trustee in personal liability or be unduly prejudicial to the Holders not joining therein.

SECTION 513. WAIVER OF PAST DEFAULTS.

The Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series may by written notice to the Trustee on behalf of the Holders of all the Securities of such series waive any Default or Event of Default with respect to such series and its consequences, except a Default or Event of Default

(1) in respect of the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Security of such series, or

(2) in respect of a covenant or other provision hereof which under Article Nine cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security of such series affected.

Upon any such waiver, such Default or Event of Default shall cease to exist and shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of this Indenture and the Securities of such series; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

SECTION 514. UNDERTAKING FOR COSTS.

All parties to this Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Security by his acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys' fees, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Company, to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Holder, or group of Holders, holding in the aggregate more than 10% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series, or to any suit instituted by any Holder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Security on or after the Stated Maturity or Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the Redemption Date).

ARTICLE 6

THE TRUSTEE

SECTION 601. CERTAIN DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE TRUSTEE.

(a) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default, the Trustee's duties and responsibilities under this Indenture shall be governed by Section 315(a) of the Trust Indenture Act.

(b) In case an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, and is known to the Trustee, the Trustee shall exercise the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and shall use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise, as a prudent man would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his own affairs.

SECTION 602. NOTICE OF DEFAULTS.

Within 30 days after the occurrence of any Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities of any series, the Trustee shall give to all Holders of Securities of such series, as their names and addresses appear in the Security Register, notice of such Default or Event of Default actually known to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee, unless such Default or Event of Default shall have been cured or waived; provided, however, that, except in the case of a Default or Event of Default in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Security of such series or in the payment of any sinking fund installment with respect to Securities of such series, the Trustee shall be protected in withholding such notice if and so long as the board of directors, the executive committee or directors or Responsible Officers of the Trustee in good faith determine that the withholding of such notice is in the interest of the Holders of Securities of such series.

SECTION 603. CERTAIN RIGHTS OF TRUSTEE.

Subject to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act:

(a) the Trustee may rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties;

(b) any request or direction of the Company mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Company Request or Company Order and any resolution of the Board of Directors may be sufficiently evidenced by a Board Resolution;

(c) whenever in the administration of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Trustee (unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, rely upon an Officer's Certificate;

(d) the Trustee may consult with counsel and the written advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon;

(e) the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or direction of any of the Holders pursuant to this Indenture, unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee security or

indemnity to its reasonable satisfaction
against the costs, expenses and liabilities
which might be incurred by it in compliance
with such request or direction;

(f) prior to the occurrence of an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of any series and after the curing or waiving of all such Events of Default which may have occurred, the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, approval or other paper or document, or the books and records of the Company, unless requested in writing to do so by the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series; provided, however, that if the payment within a reasonable time to the Trustee of the costs, expenses or liabilities likely to be incurred by it in the making of such investigation is not, in the opinion of the Trustee, reasonably assured to the Trustee by the security afforded to it by the terms of this Indenture, the Trustee may require reasonable indemnity against such costs, expenses or liabilities as a condition to so proceeding; the reasonable expense of every such investigation shall be paid by the Company or, if paid by the Trustee, shall be repaid by the Company upon demand;

(g) the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or attorneys and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent or attorney appointed with due care by it hereunder; and

(h) the Trustee shall not be required to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it.

SECTION 604. NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR RECITALS OR ISSUANCE OF SECURITIES.

The recitals herein and in the Securities, except the Trustee's certificates of authentication, shall be taken as the statements of the Company, and the Trustee or any Authenticating Agent assumes no responsibility for their correctness. The Trustee makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of the Securities. Neither the Trustee nor any Authenticating Agent shall be accountable for the use or application by the Company of Securities or the proceeds thereof.

SECTION 605. MAY HOLD SECURITIES.

The Trustee, any Authenticating Agent, any Paying Agent, any Security Registrar or any other agent of the Company, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and, subject to Sections 608 and 613, may otherwise deal with the Company with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee, Authenticating Agent, Paying Agent, Security Registrar or such other agent.

SECTION 606. MONEY HELD IN TRUST.

Money held by the Trustee in trust hereunder (including amounts held by the Trustee as Paying Agent) need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. The Trustee shall be under no liability for interest on any money received by it hereunder except as otherwise agreed upon in writing with the Company.

SECTION 607. COMPENSATION AND REIMBURSEMENT.

The Company agrees

(1) to pay to the Trustee from time to time reasonable compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder (which compensation shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust);

(2) except as otherwise expressly provided herein, to reimburse the Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Trustee in accordance with any provision of this Indenture (including the reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements of its agents and counsel), except any such expense, disbursement or advance as may be attributable to its negligence or bad faith; and

(3) to indemnify the Trustee for, and to hold it harmless against, any loss, liability, damage, claim or expense, including taxes (other than taxes based upon or determined or measured by the income of the Trustee), incurred without gross negligence or bad faith on its part, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of the trust or trusts hereunder, including the costs and expenses of defending itself against any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder.

When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services in connection with an Event of Default specified in Section 501(5) or Section 501(6), the expenses (including the reasonable charges and expenses of its counsel) and the compensation for the services are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any applicable federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law.

The provisions of this Section 607 shall survive this Indenture and the resignation or removal of any Trustee hereunder.

SECTION 608. DISQUALIFICATION; CONFLICTING INTERESTS.

The Trustee shall be disqualified only where such disqualification is required by Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. Nothing shall prevent the Trustee from filing with the Commission the application referred to in the second to last paragraph of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act.

SECTION 609. CORPORATE TRUSTEE REQUIRED; ELIGIBILITY.

There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder which shall be eligible to act as Trustee under Section 310(a)(1) of the Trust Indenture Act having a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 subject to supervision or examination by federal or State authority. If such corporation publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of said supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such corporation shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. Neither the Company nor any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Company may serve as Trustee. If at any time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article.

SECTION 610. RESIGNATION AND REMOVAL; APPOINTMENT OF SUCCESSOR.

(a) No resignation or removal of the Trustee and no appointment of a successor Trustee pursuant to this Article shall become effective until the acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee in accordance with the applicable requirements of Section 611.

(b) The Trustee may resign at any time with respect to the Securities of one or more series by giving written notice thereof to the Company. If the instrument of acceptance by a successor Trustee required by Section 611 shall not have been delivered to the Trustee within 30 days after the giving of such notice of resignation, the resigning Trustee may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series.

(c) The Trustee may be removed at any time with respect to the Securities of any series by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series, delivered to the Trustee and to the Company.

(d) If at any time:

(1) the Trustee shall fail to comply with Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act after written request therefor by the

Company or by any Holder who has
been a bona fide Holder of a
Security for at least six months;
or

(2) the Trustee shall cease to be eligible under Section 609 and shall fail to resign after written request here for by the Company or by any such Holder of a Security who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six months; or

(3) the Trustee shall become incapable of acting or shall be adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent or a receiver of the Trustee or of its property shall be appointed or any public officer shall take charge or control of the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation;

then, in any such case, (i) the Company by a Board Resolution may remove the Trustee with respect to all Securities, or (ii) subject to
Section 315(e) of the Trust Indenture Act, any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a security for at least six months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee with respect to all Securities and the appointment of a successor Trustee or Trustees.

(e) If the Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of Trustee for any cause, with respect to the Securities of one or more series, the Company, by a Board Resolution, shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee or Trustees with respect to the Securities of that or those series (it being understood that any such successor Trustee may be appointed with respect to the Securities of one or more or all of such series and that at any time there shall be only one Trustee with respect to the Securities of any particular series) and shall comply with the applicable requirements of Section 611. If, within one year after such resignation, removal or incapability, or the occurrence of such vacancy, a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall be appointed by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series delivered to the Company and the retiring Trustee, the successor Trustee so appointed shall, forthwith upon its acceptance of such appointment in accordance with the applicable requirements of Section 611, become the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series and to that extent supersede the successor Trustee appointed by the Company with respect to such Securities. If no successor Trustee

with

respect to the Securities of any series
shall have been so appointed by the Company
or the Holders and accepted appointment in
the manner required by Section 611, any
Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a
security of such series for at least six
months may, on behalf of himself and all
others similarly situated, petition any
court of competent jurisdiction for the
appointment of a successor Trustee with
respect to the Securities of such series.

(f) The Company shall give notice of each resignation and each removal of the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series and each appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series by mailing written notice of such event by first-class mail, postage prepaid, to all Holders of Securities of such series as their names and addresses appear in the security Register. Each notice shall include the name of the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series and the address of its Corporate Trust Office.

SECTION 611. ACCEPTANCE OF APPOINTMENT BY SUCCESSOR OR ADDITIONAL TRUSTEES.

(a) In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with respect to all Securities, every such successor Trustee so appointed shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective and such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on the request of the Company or the successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of its charges, execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor Trustee all the rights, powers and trusts of the retiring Trustee and shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder.

(b) In case of the appointment hereunder of a Trustee or a successor with respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company, any retiring Trustee and each Trustee or a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series shall execute and deliver an indenture supplemental hereto wherein each Trustee or a successor Trustee shall accept such appointment and which (1) shall contain such provisions as shall be necessary or desirable to transfer and confirm to, and to vest in, each Trustee or a successor Trustee all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of any retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such Trustee or a successor Trustee

relates, (2) if any retiring Trustee is not
retiring with respect to all Securities,
shall contain such provisions as shall be
deemed necessary or desirable to confirm
that all the rights, powers, trusts and
duties of any retiring Trustee with respect
to the Securities of that or those series as
to which any retiring Trustee is not
retiring shall continue to be vested in any
retiring Trustee, and (3) shall add to or
change any of the provisions of this
Indenture as shall be necessary to provide
for or facilitate the administration of the
trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee,
it being understood that nothing herein or
in such supplemental Indenture shall
constitute such Trustees co-trustees of the
same trust and that each such Trustee shall
be trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder
separate and apart from any trust or trusts
hereunder administered by any other such
Trustee; and upon the execution and delivery
of such supplemental indenture the
resignation or removal of the retiring
Trustee shall become effective to the extent
provided therein and each such Trustee or a
successor Trustee, without any further act,
deed or conveyance, shall become vested with
all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of
any retiring Trustee with respect to the
Securities of that or those series to which
the appointment of such Trustee or a
successor Trustee relates; but, on request
of the Company or any Trustee or a successor
Trustee, any such retiring Trustee shall
duly assign, transfer and deliver to such
Trustee or a successor Trustee all property
and money held by any such retiring Trustee
hereunder with respect to the Securities of
that or those series to which the
appointment of any such Trustee or successor
Trustee relates.

(c) Upon request of any such successor Trustee, the Company shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming to such successor Trustee all such rights, powers and trusts referred to in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section, as the case may be.

(d) No successor Trustee shall accept its appointment unless at the time of such acceptance such successor Trustee shall be qualified and eligible under the Trust Indenture Act.

SECTION 612. MERGER, CONVERSION, CONSOLIDATION OR SUCCESSION TO BUSINESS.

Any corporation into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to all or substantially all the corporate trust business of the Trustee, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder, provided such corporation shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this Article, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto. In case any Securities shall have been authenticated, but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor by merger, conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee may adopt such authentication and deliver the Securities so authenticated with the same effect as if such successor Trustee had itself authenticated such Securities.

SECTION 613. PREFERENTIAL COLLECTION OF CLAIMS AGAINST COMPANY.

The Trustee shall comply with Section 311(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, excluding any creditor relationship listed in Section 311(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to Section 311(a) of the Trust Indenture Act to the extent indicated therein.

SECTION 614. APPOINTMENT OF AUTHENTICATING AGENT.

At any time when any of the Securities remain Outstanding the Trustee may appoint an Authenticating Agent or Agents with respect to one or more series of Securities which shall be authorized to act on behalf of, and subject to the direction of, the Trustee to authenticate Securities of such series issued upon exchange, registration of transfer or partial redemption thereof or pursuant to Section 306, and Securities so authenticated shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all purposes as if authenticated by the Trustee hereunder. Wherever reference is made in this Indenture to the authentication and delivery of Securities by the Trustee or the Trustee's certificate of authentication, such reference shall be deemed to include authentication and delivery on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent and a certificate of authentication executed on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent. Each Authenticating Agent shall be acceptable to the Company and shall at all times be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America, any State thereof or the District of Columbia, authorized under such laws to act as Authenticating Agent, having a combined capital and surplus of not less than $5,000,000 and subject to supervision or examination by federal or State authority. If such Authenticating Agent publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of said supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such Authenticating Agent shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time an Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, such Authenticating Agent shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in this Section.

Any corporation into which an Authenticating Agent may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion

or consolidation to which such Authenticating Agent shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to the corporate agency or corporate trust business of an Authenticating Agent, shall continue to be an Authenticating Agent, provided such corporation shall be otherwise eligible under this Section, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent.

An Authenticating Agent may resign at any time by giving written notice thereof to the Trustee and to the Company. The Trustee may at any time terminate the agency of an Authenticating Agent by giving written notice thereof to such Authenticating Agent and to the Company. Upon receiving such a notice of resignation or upon such a termination, or in case at any time such Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, the Trustee may appoint a successor Authenticating Agent which shall be acceptable to the Company and shall mail written notice of such appointment by first-class mail, postage prepaid, to all Holders of Securities of the series with respect to which such Authenticating Agent will serve, as their names and addresses appear in the security Register. Any successor Authenticating Agent upon acceptance of its appointment hereunder shall become vested with all the rights, powers and duties of its predecessor hereunder, with like effect as if originally named as an Authenticating Agent. No successor Authenticating Agent shall be appointed unless eligible under the provisions of this Section.

The Company agrees to pay to each Authenticating Agent from time to time reasonable compensation for its services under this Section.

If an appointment with respect to one or more series is made pursuant to this Section, the Securities of such series may have endorsed thereon, in lieu of the Trustee's certificate of authentication, an alternate certificate of authentication in the following form:

Form of Authenticating Agent's Certificate of Authentication

Dated:

This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

As Trustee

By:
As Authenticating Agent

By:
Authorized Signatory

ARTICLE 7

HOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY

SECTION 701. COMPANY TO FURNISH TRUSTEE NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF HOLDERS.

The Company will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee:

(a) semi-annually, not later than January 1 and July 1 in each year, a list, in such form as the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of the Holders as of the preceding December 15 or June 15, as the case may be; and

(b) at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, within 30 days after the receipt by the Company of any such request, a list of similar form and content as of a date not more than 15 days prior to the time such list is furnished;

provided, however, that so long as the Trustee is the Security Registrar, no such list shall be required to be furnished.

SECTION 702. PRESERVATION OF INFORMATION; COMMUNICATIONS TO HOLDERS.

(a) The Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably practicable, the names and addresses of Holders contained in the most recent list furnished to the Trustee as provided in Section 701 and the names and addresses of Holders received by the Trustee in its capacity as Security Registrar. The Trustee may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in Section 701 upon receipt of a new list so furnished.

(b) If three or more Holders (herein referred to as "applicants") apply in writing to the Trustee, and furnish to the Trustee reasonable proof that each such applicant has owned a Security for a period of at least six months preceding the date of such application, and such application states that the applicants desire to communicate with other Holders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or under the Securities and is accompanied by a copy of the form of proxy or other communication which such applicants propose to transmit then the Trustee shall, within five Business Days after the receipt of such application, at its election, either

(i) afford such applicants access to the information preserved at the time by the Trustee in accordance with Section 702(a); or

(ii) inform such applicants as to the approximate number of Holders whose names and addresses appear in the

information preserved at the time
by the Trustee in accordance with
Section 702(a), and as to the
approximate cost of mailing to such
Holders the form of proxy or other
communication, if any, specified in
such application.

If the Trustee shall elect not to afford such applicants access to such information, the Trustee shall, upon the written request of such applicants, mail to each Holder whose name and address appears in the information preserved at the time by the Trustee in accordance with Section 702(a) a copy of the form of proxy or other communication which is specified in such request, with reasonable promptness after a tender to the Trustee of the material to be mailed and of payment, or provision for the payment, of the reasonable expenses of mailing, unless within five days after such tender the Trustee shall mail to such applicants and file with the Commission, together with a copy of the material to be mailed, a written statement to the effect that, in the opinion of the Trustee, such mailing would be contrary to the best interest of the Holders or would be in violation of applicable law. Such written statement shall specify the basis of such opinion. If the Commission, after opportunity for a hearing upon the objections specified in the written statement so filed, shall enter an order refusing to sustain any of such objections or if, after the entry of an order sustaining one or more of such objections, the Commission shall find, after notice and opportunity for hearing, that all objections so sustained have been met and shall enter an order so declaring, the Trustee shall mail copies of such material to all such Holders with reasonable promptness after the entry of such order and the renewal of such tender; otherwise the Trustee shall be relieved of any obligation or duty to such applicants respecting their application.

(c) Every Holder of Securities, by receiving and holding the same, agrees with the Company and the Trustee that neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any agent of either of them shall be held accountable by reason of the disclosure of any such information as to the names and addresses of the Holders in accordance with Section 702(b), regardless of the source from which such information was derived, and that the Trustee shall not be held accountable by reason of mailing any material pursuant to a request made under
Section 702(b).

SECTION 703. REPORTS BY TRUSTEE.

(a) Within 60 days after May 15 of each year commencing with the year 2003, the Trustee shall transmit by mail to all Holders of Securities as provided in Section 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act, a brief report dated as of May 15, if required by and in compliance with Section 313(a) of the Trust Indenture Act.

(b) A copy of each such report shall, at the time of such transmission to Holders, be filed by the Trustee with each stock exchange upon which any Securities are listed, with the Commission and with the Company. The Company will notify the Trustee when any Securities are listed on any stock exchange.

SECTION 704. REPORTS BY COMPANY.

The Company shall:

(1) file with the Trustee, within 30 days after the Company is required to file the same with the Commission, copies of the annual reports and of the information, documents and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the Commission may from time to time by rules and regulations prescribe) which the Company may be required to file with the Commission pursuant to
Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act; or, if the Company is not required to file information, documents or reports pursuant to either of said Sections, then it shall file with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission, such of the supplementary and periodic information, documents and reports which may be required pursuant to Section 13 of the Exchange Act in respect of a security listed and registered on a national securities exchange as may be prescribed from time to time in such rules and regulations;

(2) file with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission, such additional information, documents and reports with respect to compliance by the Company with the conditions and covenants of this Indenture as may be required from time to time by such rules and regulations;

(3) furnish to the Trustee, on or before May 1 of each year, a brief certificate from the principal executive officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting officer as to his or her knowledge of the Company's compliance with all conditions and covenants under this Indenture. For purposes of this paragraph, such compliance shall be determined without regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice provided under this Indenture. Such certificate need not comply with Section 102.

ARTICLE 8

CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, LEASE, SALE OR TRANSFER

SECTION 801. WHEN COMPANY MAY MERGE, ETC.

The Company shall not consolidate, or merge with or into any other corporation (whether or not the Company shall be the surviving corporation), or sell, assign, transfer or lease or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its properties and assets as an entirety or substantially as an entirety to any Person or group of affiliated Persons, in one transaction or a series of related transactions, unless:

(1) either the Company shall be the continuing Person or the Person (if other than the Company) formed by such consolidation or with which or into

which the Company is merged or the Person (or group of affiliated Persons) to which all or substantially all the properties and assets of the Company as an entirety or substantially as an entirety are sold, assigned, transferred or leased shall be a corporation, partnership or trust or other entity organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America or any State thereof or the District of Columbia and shall expressly assume, by an indenture supplemental hereto, executed and delivered to the Trustee, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, all the obligations of the Company under the Securities and this Indenture; and

(2) immediately before and after giving effect to such transaction or series of related transactions, no Event of Default, and no Default, and no event which, after notice or lapse of time or both, would become and Event of Default, shall have occurred and be continuing.

SECTION 802. OPINION OF COUNSEL.

The Company shall deliver to the Trustee prior to the proposed transaction(s) covered by Section 801 an Officer's Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that the transaction(s) and such supplemental indenture comply with this Indenture and that all conditions precedent to the consummation of the transaction(s) under this Indenture have been met.

SECTION 803. SUCCESSOR CORPORATION SUBSTITUTED.

Upon any consolidation by the Company with or merger by the Company into an other corporation or any lease, sale, assignment, or transfer of all or substantially all of the property and assets of the Company in accordance with Section 801, the successor corporation formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is merged or the successor corporation or affiliated group of corporations to which such lease, sale, assignment, or transfer is made shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor corporation or corporations had been named as the Company herein, and thereafter, except in the case of a lease, the predecessor corporation or corporations shall be relieved of all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the Securities and in the event of such conveyance or transfer, except in the case of a lease, any such predecessor corporation may be dissolved and liquidated.

ARTICLE 9

SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

SECTION 901. SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES WITHOUT CONSENT OF HOLDERS.

Without notice to or the consent of any Holders of a series of Securities, the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee, at any time and from time to time, may enter into one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, for any of the following purposes:

(1) to evidence the succession of another corporation to the Company and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the Company herein and in the Securities; or

(2) to add to the covenants of the Company for the benefit of the Holders of all or any series of Securities (and if such covenants are to be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that such covenants are expressly being included solely for the benefit of series) or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Company; or

(3) to add any additional Events of Default with respect to all or any series of Securities; or

(4) to add or change any of the provisions of this Indenture to such extent as shall be necessary to permit or facilitate the issuance of Securities in bearer form, registrable or not registrable as to principal, and with or without interest coupons; or

(5) to change or eliminate any of the provisions of this Indenture, provided that any such change or elimination shall become effective only when there is no Security Outstanding of any series created prior to the execution of such supplemental Indenture which is entitled to the benefit of such provision; or

(6) to secure the Securities; or

(7) to establish the form or terms of Securities of any series as permitted by Sections 201 and 301; or

(8) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a Trustee or a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, pursuant to the requirements of Section 611(b); or

(9) to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency or to correct or supplement any provision herein which may be inconsistent with any other provision herein; or

(10) to make any change that does not materially adversely affect the interests of the Holders of Securities of such series; or

(11) to qualify, or maintain the qualification of the Indenture under the Trust Indenture Act.

Upon request of the Company, accompanied by a Board Resolution authorizing the execution of any such supplemental indenture, and upon receipt by the Trustee of the

documents described in (and subject to the last sentence of) Section 903, the Trustee shall join with the Company in the execution of any supplemental indenture authorized or permitted by the terms of this Indenture.

SECTION 902. SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES WITH CONSENT OF HOLDERS.

With the written consent of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of each series affected by such supplemental indenture, by Act of said Holders delivered to the Company and the Trustee, the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee shall, subject to Section 903, enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series under this Indenture; provided, however, that no such supplemental indenture shall, without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding security affected thereby,

(1) change the Stated Maturity of the principal of, or any installment of principal of or interest on, any security, or reduce the principal amount thereof or the rate of interest thereon or any premium payable upon the redemption thereof or extend the time for payment thereof, or reduce the amount of the principal of an Original Issue Discount security that would be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to
Section 502, or change any Place of Payment where, or the coin or currency in which, any security or any premium or the interest thereon is payable, or impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after the Stated Maturity thereof (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the Redemption Date);

(2) reduce the percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series, the consent of whose Holders is required for any such supplemental indenture, or the consent of whose Holders is required for any waiver of compliance with certain provisions of this Indenture or Defaults or Events of Default hereunder and their consequences provided for in this Indenture; or

(3) change the redemption provisions (including Article Eleven) hereof in a manner adverse to such Holder; or

(4) modify any of the provisions of this Section or
Section 513, except to increase any such percentage or to provide that certain other provisions of this Indenture cannot be modified or waived without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security affected thereby; provided, however, that this clause shall not be deemed to require the consent of any Holder with respect to changes in the references to "the Trustee" and concomitant changes in this Section, or the deletion of this proviso, in accordance with the requirements of Sections 611(b) and 901(8).

A supplemental indenture which changes or eliminates any covenant or other provisions of this Indenture which has expressly been included solely for the benefit of one or more particular series of Securities, or which modifies the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series with respect to such covenant or other provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights under this Indenture of the Holders of Securities of any other series.

It shall not be necessary for any Act of Holders under this
Section to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it shall be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof.

SECTION 903. EXECUTION OF SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES.

The Trustee shall sign any supplemental indenture authorized pursuant to this Article, subject to the last sentence of this Section 903. In executing, or accepting the additional trusts created by, any supplemental indenture permitted by this Article or the modifications thereby of the trusts created by this Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to Section 601) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Officer's Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such supplemental indenture is authorized or permitted by this Indenture. The Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such supplemental indenture which affects the Trustee's own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.

SECTION 904. EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES.

Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture under this Article, this Indenture shall be modified in accordance therewith, and such supplemental Indenture shall form a part of this Indenture for all purposes; and every Holder of Securities theretofore or thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder shall be bound thereby.

SECTION 905. CONFORMITY WITH TRUST INDENTURE ACT.

Every supplemental indenture executed pursuant to this Article shall conform to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect.

SECTION 906. REFERENCE IN SECURITIES TO SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES.

Securities of any series authenticated and delivered after the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article may, and shall if required by the Trustee, bear a notation in form approved by the Trustee as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Company shall so determine, new Securities of any series so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Trustee and the Company, to any such supplemental indenture may be prepared and executed by the Company and authenticate and delivered by the Trustee in exchange for Outstanding Securities of such series.

ARTICLE 10

COVENANTS

SECTION 1001. PAYMENTS OF SECURITIES.

With respect to each series of Securities, the Company will duly and punctually pay the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on such Securities in accordance with their terms and this Indenture, and will duly comply with all the other terms, agreements and conditions contained in, or made in the Indenture for the benefit of, the Securities of such series.

SECTION 1002. MAINTENANCE OF OFFICE OR AGENCY.

The Company will maintain an office or agency in each Place of Payment where Securities may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange or for presentation for payment, where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities and this Indenture may be served. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in location, of such office or agency. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the address of the Trustee as set forth in
Section 105 hereof.

The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies where the Securities may be presented or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the location of any such other office or agency.

Unless otherwise set forth in, or pursuant to, a Board Resolution or indenture supplemental hereto with respect to a series of Securities, the Company hereby initially designates the Corporate Trust Office as such office of the Company.

SECTION 1003. CORPORATE EXISTENCE.

Subject to Article 8 hereof, the Company will do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its corporate existence and that of each of its Subsidiaries and the rights (charter and statutory) of the Company and its Subsidiaries; provided, however, that (a) the Company shall not be required to preserve any such right, license or franchise or the corporate existence of any of its Subsidiaries if the Board of Directors, or the board of directors of the Subsidiary concerned, as the case may be, shall determine that the preservation thereof is no longer desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and that the loss thereof is not materially disadvantageous to the Holders, and (b) nothing herein contained shall prevent any Subsidiary of the Company from liquidating or dissolving, or merging into, or consolidating with the Company (provided that the Company shall be the continuing or surviving corporation) or with any one or more Subsidiaries if the Board of Directors or the board of directors of the Subsidiary concerned, as the case may be, shall so determine.

SECTION 1004. PAYMENT OF TAXES AND OTHER CLAIMS.

The Company will pay or discharge, or cause to be paid or discharged, before the same shall become delinquent, (1) all material taxes, assessments and governmental charges levied or imposed upon the Company or any Subsidiary or upon the income, profits or property of the Company or any Subsidiary material to the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, and
(2) all lawful claims for labor, materials and supplies which, if unpaid, might by law become a material lien upon the property of the Company or any Subsidiary material to the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged any such tax, assessment, charge or claim whose amount, applicability or validity is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which adequate provision has been made.

SECTION 1005. COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATES.

(a) The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within 10 days after the occurrence thereof, notice of any acceleration which with the giving of notice and the lapse of time would be an Event of Default within the meaning of
Section 501(4) hereof.

(b) The Company shall deliver to the Trustee forthwith upon becoming aware of a Default or Event of Default (but in no event later than 10 days after the occurrence of each Default or Event of Default that is continuing), an Officer's Certificate setting forth the details of such Default or Event of Default and the action that the Company proposes to take with respect thereto and the specific section or sections of this Indenture in connection with which such Default or Event of Default has occurred.

SECTION 1006. COMMISSION REPORTS.

(a) So long as the Securities remain outstanding, the Company shall cause its annual report to shareholders and any other financial reports furnished by it to shareholders generally, to be mailed to the Holders at their addresses appearing in the register of Securities maintained by the Security Registrar in each case at the time of such mailing or furnishing to shareholders. If the Company is not required to furnish annual reports to its shareholders pursuant to the Exchange Act, the Company shall cause its financial statements, including any notes thereto and, with respect to annual reports, an auditors' report by an accounting firm of established national reputation and a "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," to be so filed with the Trustee and mailed to the Holders within 90 days after the end of each of the Company's fiscal years and within 45 days after the end of each of the first three quarters of each fiscal year.

(b) The Company shall provide the Trustee with a sufficient number of copies of all reports and other documents and information that the Company may be required to deliver to the Holders under this Section 1006.

SECTION 1007. WAIVER OF STAY, EXTENSION OR USURY LAWS.

The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon, or plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim, and will actively resist any and all efforts to be compelled to take the benefit or advantage of, any stay or extension law or any usury law or other law, which would prohibit or forgive the Company from paying all or any portion of the principal of and/or interest on the Securities as contemplated herein, wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, or which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) the Company hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted.

SECTION 1008. MONEY FOR SECURITIES PAYMENTS TO BE HELD IN TRUST.

If the Company shall at any time act as its own Paying Agent with respect to any series of Securities, it will, on or before each due date of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on any of the Securities of that series, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto a sum sufficient to pay the principal (and premium, if any) or interest so becoming due until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided and will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to act.

Whenever the Company shall have one or more Paying Agents for any series of Securities, it will, prior to each due date of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on any Securities of that series, deposit with a Paying Agent a sum sufficient to pay the principal (and premium, if any) or interest so becoming due, such sum to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such principal, premium or interest, and (unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure to so act.

The Company will cause each Paying Agent for any series of Securities (other than the Trustee) to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section, that such Paying Agent will:

(i) hold all sums held by it for the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on Securities of that series in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided;

(ii) give the Trustee notice of any default by the Company (or any other obligor upon the Securities of that series) in the

making of any payment of principal (and
premium, if any) or interest on the
Securities of that series; and

(iii) at any time during the continuance of any such default, upon the written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums so held in trust by such Paying Agent.

The Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or by Company Order direct any Paying Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in trust by the Company or such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee upon the same trusts as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or such Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Trustee, such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such money.

Any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by the Company, in trust for the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on any security of any series and remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal (and premium, if any) or interest has become due and payable shall be paid to the Company on Company Request, or (if then held by the Company) shall be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such security shall thereafter, as an unsecured general creditor, look only to the Company for payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money, and all liability of the Company as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease; provided, however, that the Trustee of such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause to be published once, in a newspaper published in the English language, customarily published on each Business Day and of general circulation in New York, New York, notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company.

ARTICLE 11

REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES

SECTION 1101. APPLICABILITY OF ARTICLE.

Securities of any series which are redeemable before their Stated Maturity shall be redeemable in accordance with their terms in whole or in part (provided Securities issued in denominations larger than $50 may be redeemed in part only in integral multiples of $50) and (except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for Securities of any series) in accordance with this Article.

SECTION 1102. ELECTION TO REDEEM; NOTICE TO TRUSTEE.

The election of the Company to redeem any Securities shall be evidenced by a Board Resolution. In case of any redemption at the election of the Company of less than all the Securities of any series, the Company shall, at least 45 days prior to the Redemption Date fixed

by the Company (unless a shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee), notify the Trustee of such Redemption Date and of the principal amount of Securities of such series to be redeemed. In the case of any redemption of Securities prior to the expiration of any restriction on such redemption provided in the terms of such Securities or elsewhere in this Indenture, the Company shall furnish the Trustee with an Officer's Certificate evidencing compliance with such restriction.

SECTION 1103. SELECTION BY TRUSTEE OF SECURITIES TO BE REDEEMED.

If less than all the Securities of any series are to be redeemed, the particular Securities to be redeemed shall be selected not more than 90 days prior to the Redemption Date by the Trustee, from the Outstanding Securities of such series not previously called for redemption, substantially pro rata, by lot or by any other method as the Trustee considers fair and appropriate and that complies with the requirements of the principal national securities exchange, if any, on which such Securities are listed, and which may provide for the selection for redemption of portions (equal to the lesser of the minimum authorized denomination for Securities of that series or $50 per Security, and any integral multiple thereof) of the principal amount of Securities of such series of a denomination larger than the minimum authorized denomination for Securities of that series; provided that in case the Securities of such series have different terms and maturities, the Securities to be redeemed shall be selected by the Company and the Company shall give notice thereof to the Trustee.

The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company in writing of the Securities selected for redemption and, in the case of any Securities selected for partial redemption, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed.

For all purposes of this Indenture, unless the context otherwise requires, all provisions relating to the redemption of the Securities shall relate, in the case of any Securities redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the portion of the principal amount of such Securities which has been or is to be redeemed.

SECTION 1104. NOTICE OF REDEMPTION.

Notice of redemption shall be given by first-class mail, postage prepaid, mailed not less than 30 nor more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date, to each Holder of Securities to be redeemed, at this address appearing in the security Register.

All notices of redemption shall state:

(1) the Redemption Date;

(2) the Redemption Price;

(3) if less than all the Outstanding Securities of any series are to be redeemed, the identification (and, in the case of partial redemption, the principal amounts) of the particular Securities to be redeemed;

(4) that on the Redemption Date, the Redemption Price will become due and payable upon each such security to be redeemed and, if applicable, that interest thereon will cease to accrue on and after said date;

(5) the place or places where such Securities are to be surrendered for payment of the Redemption Price;

(6) that the redemption is for a sinking fund, if such is the case;

(7) the CUSIP number, if any, of the Securities to be redeemed; and

(8) unless otherwise provided as to a particular series of Securities, if at the time of publication or mailing of any notice of redemption the Company shall not have deposited with the Trustee or Paying Agent and/or irrevocably directed the Trustee or Paying Agent to apply, from money held by it available to be used for the redemption of Securities, an amount in cash sufficient to redeem all of the Securities called for redemption, including accrued interest to the Redemption Date, such notice shall state that it is subject to the receipt of the redemption moneys by the Trustee or Paying Agent before the Redemption Date (unless such redemption is mandatory) and such notice shall be of no effect unless such moneys are so received before such date.

Notice of redemption of Securities to be redeemed at the election of the Company shall be given by the Company or, at the Company's request, by the Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Company.

SECTION 1105. DEPOSIT OF REDEMPTION PRICE.

Prior to any Redemption Date, the Company shall deposit with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent (or, if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent, segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 10098) an amount of money sufficient to pay the Redemption Price of, and (except if the Redemption Date shall be an Interest Payment Date) accrued interest on, all the Securities which are to be redeemed on that date.

SECTION 1106. SECURITIES PAYABLE ON REDEMPTION DATE.

Notice of redemption having been given as aforesaid, the Securities so to be redeemed shall, on the Redemption Date, become due and payable at the Redemption Price therein specified, and from and after such date (unless the Company shall default in the payment of the Redemption Price and accrued interest) such Securities shall cease to bear interest. Upon surrender of any such security for redemption in accordance with said notice, such security shall be paid by the Company at the Redemption Price, together with accrued interest to the Redemption Date; provided, however, that installments of interest whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to the Redemption Date shall be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities, registered as such at the close of business on the relevant Regular or Special Record Dates according to their terms and the provisions of Section 307.

If any Security called for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender thereof for redemption, the principal (and premium, if any) shall, until paid, bear interest from the Redemption Date at the rate prescribed in the Security.

SECTION 1107. SECURITIES REDEEMED IN PART.

Any Security which is to be redeemed only in part shall be surrendered at an office or agency of the Company at a Place of Payment therefor (with, if the Company or the Trustee so requires, due endorsement by, or a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Trustee duly executed by, the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing), and the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such security without service charge, a new Security or Securities of the same series and Stated Maturity, of any authorized denomination as requested by such Holder, in aggregate principal amount equal to and in exchange for the unredeemed portion of the principal of the security so surrendered.

ARTICLE 12

SINKING FUNDS

SECTION 1201. APPLICABILITY OF ARTICLE.

The provisions of this Article shall be applicable to any sinking fund for the retirement of Securities of a series, except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for Securities of such series.

The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as a "Mandatory Sinking Fund Payment," and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as an "Optional Sinking Fund Payment." If provided for by the terms of Securities of any series, the cash amount of any sinking fund payment may be subject to redemption as provided in Section 1202. Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the redemption of Securities of any series as provided for by the terms of Securities of such series.

SECTION 1202. SATISFACTION OF SINKING FUND PAYMENTS WITH SECURITIES.

The Company (1) may deliver Securities of a series (other than any Securities previously called for redemption) and (2) may apply as a credit Securities of a series which have been (i) previously cancelled pursuant to
Section 309 or delivered for cancellation or (ii) redeemed either at the election of the Company pursuant to the terms of such Securities or through the application of permitted Optional Sinking Fund Payments pursuant to the terms of such Securities, in each case in satisfaction of all or any part of any Mandatory Sinking Fund Payment with respect to the Securities of such series required to be made pursuant to the terms of such Securities as provided for by the terms of such series; provided that such Securities have not been previously so credited. Such Securities shall be received and credited at the principal amount for such purpose by the Trustee at the Redemption Price specified in such Securities for

redemption through operation of the sinking fund and the amount of such Mandatory Sinking Fund Payment shall be reduced accordingly.

SECTION 1203. REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES FOR SINKING FUND.

Not less than 45 days prior to each sinking fund payment date for any series of Securities, the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officer's Certificate specifying the amount of the next ensuing sinking fund payment for that series pursuant to the terms of that series, the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by payment of cash and the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting Securities of that series pursuant to Section 1202 and will also deliver to the Trustee any Securities to be so delivered. Not less than 30 days before each such sinking fund payment date the Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund payment date in the manner specified in Section 1103 and cause notice of the redemption thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company in the manner provided in Section 1104. Such notice having been duly given, the redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the manner stated in Sections 1106 and 1107.

ARTICLE 13

DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE

SECTION 1301. APPLICABILITY OF ARTICLE; COMPANY'S OPTION TO EFFECT DEFEASANCE OR COVENANT DEFEASANCE.

Unless pursuant to Section 301 provision is made for the inapplicability of either or both of (a) Defeasance of the Securities of a series under Section 1302 or (b) Covenant Defeasance of the Securities of a series under Section 1303, then the provisions of such Section or Sections, as the case may be, together with the other provisions of this Article, shall be applicable to the Securities of such series, and the Company may at its option by Board Resolution, at any time, with respect to the Securities of such series, elect to have either Section 1302 (unless inapplicable) or Section 1303 (unless inapplicable) be applied to the Outstanding Securities of such series upon compliance with the applicable conditions set forth below in this Article.

SECTION 1302. DEFEASANCE AND DISCHARGE.

Upon the Company's exercise of the option provided in Section 1301 to defease the Outstanding Securities of a particular series, the Company shall be discharged from its obligations with respect to the Outstanding Securities of such series on the date the applicable conditions set forth in
Section 1304 are satisfied (hereinafter, "Defeasance"). Defeasance shall mean that the Company shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness represented by the Outstanding Securities of such series and to have satisfied all its other obligations under such Securities and this Indenture insofar as such Securities are concerned (and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging the same); provided, however, that the following rights, obligations, powers, trusts, duties and immunities shall survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder: (A) the rights of

Holders of Outstanding Securities of such series to receive, solely from the trust fund provided for in Section 1304, payments in respect of the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on such Securities when such payments are due, (B) the Company's obligations with respect to such Securities under Sections 304, 305, 306, 1001, 1002 and 1008, (C) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and (D) this Article. Subject to compliance with this Article, the Company may exercise its option with respect to Defeasance under this Section 1302 notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option with respect to Covenant Defeasance under Section 1303 in regard to the Securities of such series.

SECTION 1303. COVENANT DEFEASANCE.

Upon the Company's exercise of the option provided in Section 1301 to obtain a Covenant Defeasance with respect to the Outstanding Securities of a particular series, the Company shall be released from its obligations under this Indenture (except its obligations under Sections 304, 305, 306, 506, 509, 610, 1001, 1002, 1005, 1007 and 1008) with respect to the Outstanding Securities of such series on and after the date the applicable conditions set forth in
Section 1304 are satisfied (hereinafter, "Covenant Defeasance"). Covenant Defeasance shall mean that, with respect to the Outstanding Securities of such series, the Company may omit to comply with and shall have no liability in respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in this Indenture (except its obligations under Sections 304, 305, 306, 506, 509, 610, 1001, 1002, 1005, 1007 and 1008), whether directly or indirectly by reason of any reference elsewhere herein or by reason of any reference to any other provision herein or in any other document, and such omission to comply shall not constitute an Event of Default under Section 501(4) with respect to Outstanding Securities of such series, and the remainder of this Indenture and of the Securities of such series shall be unaffected thereby.

SECTION 1304. CONDITIONS TO DEFEASANCE OR COVENANT DEFEASANCE.

The following shall be the conditions to Defeasance under
Section 1302 and Covenant Defeasance under Section 1303 with respect to the Outstanding Securities of a particular series:

(1) the Company shall irrevocably have deposited or caused to be deposited (and in the case of Defeasance such deposit shall have been made 121 days prior to Defeasance with the Trustee (or another trustee satisfying the requirements of Section 609 who shall agree to comply with the provisions of this Article applicable to it), under the terms of an irrevocable trust agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to such Trustee, as trust funds in trust for the purpose of making the following payments, specifically pledged as security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the Holders of such Securities, (A) Dollars in an amount, or (B) U.S. Government Obligations which through the scheduled payment of principal and interest in respect thereof in accordance with their terms will provide, not later than the due date of any payment, money in an amount, or (C) a combination thereof, in each case sufficient, after payment of all federal, state and local taxes or other charges or assessments in respect thereof payable by the Trustee, in the opinion of a

nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge, and which shall be applied by the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee) to pay and discharge,
(i) the principal of (and premium, if any, on) and each installment of principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on the Outstanding Securities of such series on the Stated Maturity of such principal or installment of principal or interest and (ii) any mandatory sinking fund payments or analogous payments applicable to the Outstanding Securities of such series on the day on which such payments are due and payable in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and of such Securities.

(2) No Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities of such series shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit or shall occur as a result of such deposit, and no Default or Event of Default under clause (5) or (6) of Section 501 hereof shall occur and be continuing, at any time during the period ending on the 31st day after the date of such deposit (it being understood that this condition shall not be deemed satisfied until the expiration of such period).

(3) Such deposit, Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any other agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound.

(4) In the case of an election with respect to Section 1302, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee either (A) a ruling directed to the Trustee received from the Internal Revenue Service to the effect that the Holders of the Outstanding Securities of such series will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Defeasance had not occurred or (B) an Opinion of Counsel, based on a ruling published by the Internal Revenue Service or on a change in the applicable federal income tax law since the date of this Indenture, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such opinion shall confirm that, the Holders of the Outstanding Securities of such series will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Defeasance had not occurred.

(5) In the case of an election with respect to Section 1303, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel or a ruling directed to the Trustee received from the Internal Revenue Service to the effect that the Holders of the Outstanding Securities of such series will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such Covenant Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the

same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Covenant Defeasance had not occurred.

(6) Such Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall be effected in compliance with any additional terms, conditions or limitations which may be imposed on the Company in connection therewith pursuant to Section 301.

(7) The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer's Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent provided for relating to either the Defeasance under Section 1302 or the Covenant Defeasance under Section 1303 (as the case may be) have been complied with.

SECTION 1305. DEPOSITED MONEY AND GOVERNMENT OBLIGATIONS TO BE HELD IN TRUST.

Subject to the provisions of the last paragraph of Section 1009, all money and Government Obligations (including the proceeds thereof) deposited with the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee--collectively for purposes of this Section 1305, the "Trustee") pursuant to Section 1304 in respect of the Outstanding Securities of a particular series shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with the provisions of such Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Holders of such Securities of all sums due and to become due thereon in respect of principal (and premium, if any) and interest, but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

The Company shall pay and indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against the Government Obligations deposited pursuant to Section 1304 or the principal and interest received in respect thereof, other than any such tax, fee or other charge which by law is for the account of the Holders of the Outstanding Securities of such series.

Anything in this Article to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee shall deliver to pay to the Company from time to time upon Company Request any money or Government Obligations held by it as provided in Section 1304 which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, are in excess of the amount thereof which would then be required to be deposited for the purpose for which such money or Government Obligations were deposited.

ARTICLE 14

MISCELLANEOUS

SECTION 1401. MISCELLANEOUS.

This instrument may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which so executed shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.

[Signatures follow]

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized, as of the day and year first above written.

KENNAMETAL INC.,
as Issuer

By  /s/ James E. Morrison
   -----------------------------------------
Name: James E. Morrison
Title: Vice President and Treasurer

BANK ONE TRUST COMPANY, N.A.,
as Trustee

By  /s/ Jeffery L. Eubank
   -----------------------------------------
Name: Jeffery L. Eubank
Title: Authorized Officer

Exhibit 4.2

FIRST SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE

Dated as of June 19, 2002

between

KENNAMETAL INC.,

AS ISSUER

and

BANK ONE TRUST COMPANY, N.A.,

AS TRUSTEE

                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                                           PAGE

ARTICLE I  DEFINITIONS........................................................1

         SECTION 1.1.   Definition of Terms...................................1

ARTICLE II  GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE NOTES.........................4

         SECTION 2.1.   Designation and Principal Amount......................4

         SECTION 2.2.   Maturity..............................................5

         SECTION 2.3.   Form and Payment......................................5

         SECTION 2.4.   Interest..............................................6

ARTICLE III  REDEMPTION OF THE NOTES..........................................6

         SECTION 3.1.   Optional Redemption...................................6

         SECTION 3.2.   No Sinking Fund.......................................7

ARTICLE IV  COVENANTS.........................................................7

         SECTION 4.1.   Amendments to Article 10 of the Indenture.............7

ARTICLE V  CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, LEASE, SALE OR TRANSFER.....................8

         SECTION 5.1.   Amendments to Article 8 of the Indenture..............8

ARTICLE VI  FORM OF NOTES.....................................................8

         SECTION 6.1.   Form of Notes.........................................8

ARTICLE VII  ORIGINAL ISSUE OF NOTES..........................................9

         SECTION 7.1.   Original Issue of Notes...............................9

ARTICLE VIII  MISCELLANEOUS...................................................9

         SECTION 8.1.   Ratification of Indenture.............................9

         SECTION 8.2.   Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals..................9

         SECTION 8.3.   Governing Law.........................................9

         SECTION 8.4.   Severability..........................................9

         SECTION 8.5.   Counterparts.........................................10

EXHIBITS

Exhibit A       Form of Senior Notes

FIRST SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE, dated as of June 19, 2002 (the "First Supplemental Indenture"), between KENNAMETAL INC., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (the "Company"), and Bank One Trust Company, N.A., a national banking association, as trustee (the "Trustee").

WHEREAS, the Company executed and delivered the indenture dated as of June 19, 2002 (the "Base Indenture"), to the Trustee to provide for the future issuance of the Company's unsecured debentures, notes or other evidence of indebtedness (the "Securities"), to be issued from time to time in one or more series as determined by the Company under the Base Indenture;

WHEREAS, pursuant to the terms of the Base Indenture, the Company desires to provide for the establishment of a new series of its Securities to be known as its 7.20% Senior Notes due 2012 (the "Notes"), the form and substance of such Notes and the terms, provisions and conditions thereof to be set forth as provided in the Base Indenture and this First Supplemental Indenture (together, the "Indenture"); and

WHEREAS, the Company has requested that the Trustee execute and deliver this First Supplemental Indenture and all requirements necessary to make this First Supplemental Indenture a valid instrument in accordance with its terms, and to make the Notes, when executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee, the valid obligations of the Company, and all acts and things necessary have been done and performed to make this First Supplemental Indenture enforceable in accordance with its terms, and the execution and delivery of this First Supplemental Indenture has been duly authorized in all respects.

NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the purchase and acceptance of the Notes by the Holders thereof, and for the purpose of setting forth, as provided in the Indenture, the form and substance of the Notes and the terms, provisions and conditions thereof, the Company covenants and agrees with the Trustee as follows:

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS

SECTION 1.1. Definition of Terms.

Unless the context otherwise requires:

(a) a term defined in the Base Indenture has the same meaning when used in this First Supplemental Indenture;

(b) a term defined anywhere in this First Supplemental Indenture has the same meaning throughout;

(c) a term defined in both the Base Indenture and in this First Supplemental Indenture shall have the meaning set forth in this First Supplemental Indenture;

(d) the singular includes the plural and vice versa;

(e) headings are for convenience of reference only and do not affect interpretation; and

(f) the following terms have the meanings given to them in this Section 1.1(f):

"Capitalized Lease Obligation" means an obligation that is required to be classified and accounted for as a capitalized lease for financial reporting purposes in accordance with GAAP, and the amount of Indebtedness represented by such obligation shall be the capitalized amount of such obligation determined in accordance with such principles.

"Comparable Treasury Issue" means the United States Treasury security selected by the Independent Investment Banker as having a maturity comparable to the remaining term of the Notes to be redeemed that would be used, at the time of selection and in accordance with customary market practice, in pricing new issues of corporate debt securities of comparable maturity to the remaining term of the Notes.

"Comparable Treasury Price" means, with respect to any Redemption Date: (i) the average of the bid and asked prices for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed as a percentage of its principal amount) on the third Business Day preceding the Redemption Date, as set forth in the daily statistical release (or any successor release) published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and designated "Composite 3:30 p.m. Quotations for U.S. Government Securities," or
(ii) if such release (or any successor release) is not published or does not contain such prices on such Business Day, (A) the average of the Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations for such Redemption Date, after excluding the highest and lowest of such Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations, or (B) if the Trustee obtains fewer than three such Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations, the average of all such Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations so received.

"Consolidated Net Worth" means the excess of assets over liabilities of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries, plus minority interest, as determined from time to time in accordance with GAAP.

"Consolidated Tangible Assets" means, on the date of any determination, total assets less goodwill and other intangibles of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries, in each case as set forth on the most recently available consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries in accordance with GAAP.

"GAAP" means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America as in effect as of the date of this First Supplemental Indenture, including those set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other statements by such other entity as approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession. All ratios and

computations based on GAAP contained in the Indenture will be computed in conformity with GAAP.

"Independent Investment Banker" means one of the Reference Treasury Dealers appointed by the Company.

"Issue Date" shall mean the first date on which a Note is authenticated by the Trustee pursuant to this First Supplemental Indenture.

"Permitted Liens" shall mean, with respect to any Person: (i) Liens existing on the Issue Date; (ii) Liens on property or assets of, or any shares of stock of or secured debt of, any corporation existing at the time such corporation becomes a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries or at the time such corporation is merged into the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; (iii) Liens in favor of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; (iv) Liens in favor of governmental bodies to secure progress or advance payments; (v) Liens securing industrial revenue or pollution control bonds; (vi) Liens on Property to secure Indebtedness incurred for the purpose of (a) financing all or any part of the purchase price of such Property incurred prior to, at the time of, or within 180 days after, the acquisition of such Property or (b) financing all or any part of the cost of construction, improvement, development or expansion of any such Property; (vii) statutory liens or landlords', carriers', warehouseman's, mechanics', suppliers', materialmen's, repairmen's or other like Liens arising in the ordinary course of business and with respect to amounts not yet delinquent or being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, if a reserve or other appropriate provisions, if any, as shall be required in conformity with GAAP shall have been made therefor; (viii) Liens incurred in connection with any accounts receivable programs up to an aggregate of $125 million; (ix) Liens on current assets of the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries securing Indebtedness of the Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries and Liens in connection with Sale and Leaseback Transactions; provided that at the time of the incurrence of such Indebtedness or the entering into of such Sale and Leaseback Transaction, the aggregate amount of Indebtedness (other than Indebtedness secured by Liens described in clauses (i) through (viii) above) of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries secured by Liens does not exceed 10% of Consolidated Tangible Assets; and (x) any extensions, substitutions, replacements or renewals in whole or in part of a Lien (an "existing Lien") enumerated in clauses (i) through (ix) above; provided that the Lien may not extend beyond (A) the Property or Indebtedness subject to the existing Lien and (B) improvements and construction on such Property and the Indebtedness secured by the Lien may not exceed the Indebtedness secured at the time by the existing Lien.

"Principal Property" means any manufacturing plant or warehouse owned or leased by the Company or any Subsidiary, the gross book value of which exceeds four percent of Consolidated Net Worth, other than manufacturing plants and warehouses which the Board of Directors by resolution declares, together with all other plants and warehouses previously so declared, is not of material importance to the total business conducted by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries as an entirety.

"Property" of any Person means all types of real, personal, tangible, intangible or mixed property owned by such Person whether or not included in the most recent consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries under GAAP.

"Reference Treasury Dealer" means each of Goldman, Sachs & Co. and J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. and their respective successors; provided, however, that if any of the foregoing shall cease to be a primary U.S. government securities dealer in New York City (a "Primary Treasury Dealer"), the Company shall substitute therefor another Primary Treasury Dealer.

"Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations" means, with respect to each Reference Treasury Dealer and any Redemption Date, the average, as determined by the Trustee, of the bid and asked prices for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed in each case as a percentage of its principal amount) quoted in writing to the Trustee by such Reference Treasury Dealer at 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the third Business Day preceding such Redemption Date.

"Restricted Subsidiary" shall mean any Subsidiary of the Company that is not an Unrestricted Subsidiary.

"Unrestricted Subsidiary" means (1) any Subsidiary not organized under the laws of a state of the United States or the District of Columbia and any Subsidiary of such Subsidiary which is not organized under the laws of a state of the United States or the District of Columbia and (2) any Subsidiaries that at the time of determination shall be designated an Unrestricted Subsidiary by the Board of Directors and any Subsidiary of such Subsidiary. The Board of Directors may designate any Subsidiaries (including any newly-acquired or newly-formed Subsidiary) organized under the laws of a state of the United States or of the District of Columbia to be an Unrestricted Subsidiary unless such Subsidiary owns any capital stock of, or owns or holds any Property of, the Company or any other Restricted Subsidiary, provided, however, that the Subsidiary to be so designated has total assets of $35,000,000 or less.

"Treasury Rate" means, with respect to any Redemption Date, the rate per annum equal to the semi-annual equivalent yield to maturity of the Comparable Treasury Issue, assuming a price for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed as a percentage of its principal amount) equal to the Comparable Treasury Price for that Redemption Date.

ARTICLE II

GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE NOTES

SECTION 2.1. Designation and Principal Amount.

The Notes are hereby authorized and are designated the 7.20% Senior Notes due 2012, unlimited in aggregate principal amount. The Notes issued on the date hereof pursuant to

the terms of this Indenture will be in an aggregate principal amount of $300,000,000, which amount shall be set forth in the written order of the Company for the authentication and delivery of the Notes pursuant to Section 303 of the Base Indenture. In addition, the Company may issue, from time to time in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture, additional Notes ranking equally and ratably with the Notes issued hereunder in all respects (or in all respects except for the payment of interest following the Issue Date of such further Notes), so that such further Notes shall be consolidated and form a single series with the Notes and shall be governed by the terms of this Indenture.

SECTION 2.2. Maturity.

The principal amount of the Notes will be payable on June 15, 2012.

SECTION 2.3. Form and Payment.

The Notes will be issued as global notes, in fully registered book-entry form without coupons in denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples thereof.

Principal, premium, if any, and/or interest, if any, on the global notes representing the Notes will be made to The Depository Trust Company (the "Depositary").

The global notes representing the Notes will be deposited with, or on behalf of, the Depositary and will be registered in the name of the Depositary or a nominee of the Depositary. No global note may be transferred except as a whole by a nominee of the Depositary to the Depositary or to another nominee of the Depositary, or by the Depositary or such nominee to a successor of the Depositary or a nominee of such successor.

So long as the Depositary or its nominee is the registered owner of a global note, the Depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, will be the sole Holder of the Notes represented thereby for all purposes under the Indenture. Except as otherwise provided herein, each actual purchaser of each Note represented by a global note ("Beneficial Owner") will not be entitled to receive physical delivery of certificated Notes and will not be considered the holders thereof for any purpose under the Indenture, and no global note representing the Notes shall be exchangeable or transferable. Accordingly, each Beneficial Owner must rely on the procedures of the Depositary and, if such Beneficial Owner is not a participant, on the procedures of the participant through which such Beneficial Owner owns its interest in order to exercise any rights of a Holder under such global note or the Indenture.

The global notes representing the Notes will be exchangeable for certificated Notes of like tenor and terms and of differing authorized denominations aggregating a like principal amount, only if (i) the Depositary notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for the global debt securities, (ii) the Depositary ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act and a successor to the Depository is not appointed by the Company within 90 days, (iii) the Company in its sole discretion determines that the global notes shall be exchangeable for certificated Notes and notifies the Trustee of such determination or (iv) there shall have occurred and be continuing an Event of Default under the Indenture with

respect to the Notes. Upon any such exchange, the certificated Notes shall be registered in the names of the Beneficial Owners of the global notes representing the Notes, which names shall be provided by the Depositary's relevant participants (as identified by the Depositary) to the Trustee. In such event the Company will execute, and subject to Section 303 of the Indenture, the Trustee, upon receipt of an Officer's Certificate evidencing such determination by the Company, will authenticate and deliver the Notes in definitive registered form without coupons, in authorized denominations, and in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of the global notes in exchange for such global notes. Upon the exchange of the global notes for such Notes in definitive registered form without coupons, in authorized denominations, the global notes shall be cancelled by the Trustee. Such Notes in definitive registered form issued in exchange for the global notes shall be registered in such names and in such authorized denominations as the Depositary, pursuant to instructions from its direct or indirect participants or otherwise, shall instruct the Trustee. The Trustee shall deliver such Notes to the Depositary for delivery to the Persons in whose names such Notes are so registered.

SECTION 2.4. Interest.

The Notes shall bear interest at a rate equal to 7.20% per annum. Interest on the Notes shall accrue from June 19, 2002, or from the most recent interest payment date to which interest has been paid or duly provided upon for the Notes, as the case may be. Interest on the Notes shall be payable semi-annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15, commencing December 15, 2002 (each an "Interest Payment Date"), to the persons in whose names the Notes are registered at the close of business on June 1 and December 1, as the case may be, preceding such Interest Payment Date.

ARTICLE III

REDEMPTION OF THE NOTES

SECTION 3.1. Optional Redemption.

The Notes will be redeemable, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company at any time, upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days' notice, at a Redemption Price equal to the greater of (i) 100% of the principal amount of the Notes, or (ii) as determined by the Independent Investment Banker, the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest on the Notes to be redeemed (not including the portion of any such payments of interest accrued as of the Redemption Date), discounted to the Redemption Date in accordance with customary market practice on a semi-annual basis (assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) at the Treasury Rate plus 40 basis points, plus, in each case, accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the Redemption Date. Unless the Company defaults in payment of the Redemption Price, on and after the Redemption Date, interest will cease to accrue on the Notes, or portions thereof called for redemption.

If less than all of the Notes are to be redeemed, the Trustee will select the Notes to be redeemed by such method as the Trustee shall deem fair and appropriate. The Trustee may select for redemption Notes and portions of the Notes in amounts of whole multiples of $1,000.

SECTION 3.2. No Sinking Fund.

The Notes are not entitled to the benefit of any sinking fund.

ARTICLE IV

COVENANTS

SECTION 4.1. Amendments to Article 10 of the Base Indenture.

Article 10 of the Base Indenture is hereby amended in respect of the Notes and only in respect of the Notes by adding Sections 1009, 1010 and 1011 as follows:

SECTION 1009. LIMITATION ON LIENS.

The Company will not, and will not permit any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to, create, incur or otherwise cause to exist or become effective any Liens of any kind upon any asset now owned or hereafter acquired unless all payments due under the Indenture and the Notes are secured on an equal and ratable basis with the obligations so secured until such time as such obligations are no longer secured by a Lien, except for Permitted Liens.

SECTION 1010. LIMITATION ON SALE AND LEASEBACK TRANSACTIONS.

Neither the Company nor any Restricted Subsidiary will enter into any sale and leaseback transaction with respect to any Principal Property (except for temporary leases of a term, including renewals, not exceeding five years) unless either (a) the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary would be entitled, pursuant to the provisions of the Indenture, to incur Indebtedness secured by a Lien on the property to be leased without equally and ratably securing the Notes, or (b) the Company within 180 days after the effective date of such transaction applies to the voluntary retirement of its funded debt an amount equal to the value of such transaction, defined as the greater of the net proceeds of the sale of the property leased in such transaction or the fair value, in the opinion of the Board of Directors, of the leased property at the time such transaction was entered into.

SECTION 1011. WAIVER OF CERTAIN COVENANTS.

Compliance with Sections 1009 and 1010 may not be waived by the Trustee unless the Holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes Outstanding consent to such waiver; provided, however, that the Company need not comply with Sections 1009 and 1010 in the event it elects to comply with Section 1302 or Section 1303 of this Indenture.

ARTICLE V

CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, LEASE, SALE OR TRANSFER

SECTION 5.1. Amendments to Article 8 of the Base Indenture.

Article 8 of the Base Indenture is hereby amended in respect of the Notes and only in respect of the Notes by deleting Section 801 in its entirety and replacing it with Section 801 as follows:

SECTION 801. WHEN COMPANY MAY MERGE, ETC.

The Company shall not consolidate or merge with or into, or sell, lease, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets or assign any of its obligations under this Indenture or under the First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 19, 2002 (the "First Supplemental Indenture") to another entity unless:

(1) the entity formed by or surviving any such consolidation or merger (if other than the Company), or to which such sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition shall have been made (the "Surviving Entity"), is a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the United States, any state thereof, or the District of Columbia;

(2) the Surviving Entity expressly assumes by supplemental indenture all of the obligations of the Company under the Notes (as defined in the First Supplemental Indenture), this Indenture and the First Supplemental Indenture; and

(3) immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing.

ARTICLE VI

FORM OF NOTES

SECTION 6.1. Form of Notes.

The Notes and the Trustee's Certificates of Authentication to be endorsed thereon are to be substantially in the form of Exhibit A, which form is hereby incorporated in and made a part of this First Supplemental Indenture.

The terms and provisions contained in the Notes shall constitute, and are hereby expressly made, a part of this First Supplemental Indenture, and the Company and the Trustee, by their execution and delivery of this First Supplemental Indenture, expressly agree to such terms and provisions and to be bound thereby.

ARTICLE VII

ORIGINAL ISSUE OF Notes

SECTION 7.1. Original Issue of Notes.

Notes in the aggregate principal amount of $300,000,000 may, upon execution of this First Supplemental Indenture, be executed by the Company and delivered to the Trustee for authentication, and the Trustee shall thereupon authenticate and deliver said Notes to or upon Company Order.

ARTICLE VIII

MISCELLANEOUS

SECTION 8.1. Ratification of Indenture.

The Base Indenture as supplemented by this First Supplemental Indenture, is in all respects ratified and confirmed, and this First Supplemental Indenture shall be deemed part of the Indenture in the manner and to the extent herein and therein provided.

SECTION 8.2. Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals.

The recitals herein contained are made by the Company and not by the Trustee, and the Trustee assumes no responsibility for the correctness thereof. The Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or sufficiency of this First Supplemental Indenture.

SECTION 8.3. Governing Law.

This First Supplemental Indenture and each Note shall be deemed to be a contract made under the laws of the State of New York, and the rights and duties of the parties hereunder and thereunder shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the law of the State of New York.

SECTION 8.4. Severability.

In case any one or more of the provisions contained in this First Supplemental Indenture or in the Notes shall for any reason be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, the validity, legality and enforceability of any such provision in every other respect and of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby, it being intended that all of the provisions of this First Supplemental Indenture or of the Notes shall be construed as if such invalid or illegal or unenforceable provision had never been contained herein or therein.

SECTION 8.5. Counterparts.

This First Supplemental Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts each of which shall be an original; but such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.

[remainder of the page left intentionally blank]

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this First Supplemental Indenture to be duly executed, and their respective corporate seals to be affixed and attested, on the date or dates indicated in the acknowledgments and as of the day and year first above written.

KENNAMETAL INC., as Issuer

By  /s/ James E. Morrison
   --------------------------------
Name: James E. Morrison
Title: Vice President and Treasurer

BANK ONE TRUST COMPANY, N.A.,
as Trustee

By  /s/ Jeffery L. Eubank
   ------------------------------
Name: Jeffery L. Eubank
Title: Authorized Officer

EXHIBIT A

(FORM OF SENIOR NOTES)

This Note is a Global Note within the meaning of the Indenture hereinafter referred to and is registered in the name of the Depositary or a nominee of the Depositary. This Note is exchangeable for Notes registered in the name of a person other than the Depositary or its nominee only in the limited circumstances described in the Indenture, and no transfer of this Note (other than a transfer of this Note as a whole by the Depositary to a nominee of the Depositary or by a nominee of the Depositary to the Depositary or another nominee of the Depositary) may be registered except in limited circumstances.

Unless this Note is presented by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company, a New York corporation (55 Water Street, New York, New York), to the issuer or its agent for registration of transfer, exchange or payment, and any Note issued is registered in the name of Cede & Co. or in such other name as is requested by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company (and any payment is made to Cede & Co. or such other entity as is requested by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL inasmuch as the registered owner hereof, Cede & Co., has an interest herein.

FORM OF SENIOR NOTES A-1

KENNAMETAL INC.
___% Senior Notes due 2012

No. __________________ $_______________
CUSIP No: ____________________

KENNAMETAL INC., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (the "Company", which term includes any successor corporation under the Indenture hereinafter referred to), for value received, hereby promises to pay to Cede & Co., or registered assigns, the principal sum of ________________________ dollars ($___________) on _______, 2012 (such date is hereinafter referred to as the "Maturity Date"), and to pay interest on said principal sum from __________, 20__, or from the most recent interest payment date (each such date, an "Interest Payment Date") to which interest has been paid or duly provided for, semi-annually in arrears on _______ and _______ of each year, commencing on _______, 20__, at the rate of ___% per annum until the principal hereof shall have become due and payable. The interest so payable, and punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date will, as provided in the Indenture, be paid to the Person in whose name this Note (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the regular record date for such interest which shall be the close of business on the _______ or _______, (whether or not a Business Day), as the case may be, preceding such Interest Payment Date. Any such interest not punctually paid or duly provided for shall forthwith cease to be payable to the registered Holders on such regular record date and may be paid to the Person in whose name this Note (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest to be fixed by the Trustee, notice whereof shall be given to the registered Holders of this series of Notes not less than 10 days prior to such Special Record Date, or may be paid at any time in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange on which the Notes of this series may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, all as more fully provided in the Indenture. The principal of, and premium, if any, and the interest on this Note shall be payable at the office or agency of the Trustee maintained for that purpose in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, in any coin or currency of the United States of America that at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts; provided, however, that payment of interest may be made at the option of the Company by check mailed to the registered Holder at such address as shall appear in the Security Register.

The indebtedness evidenced by this Note is, to the extent provided in the Indenture, senior and unsecured and will rank in right of payment on parity with all other senior unsecured obligations of the Company. Each Holder of this Note by accepting the same, (a) agrees to and shall be bound by such provisions and (b) appoints the Trustee his or her attorney-in-fact for any and all such purposes.

This Note shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture hereinafter referred to, be valid or become obligatory for any purpose until the Certificate of Authentication hereon shall have been signed by or on behalf of the Trustee.

The provisions of this Note are continued on the reverse side hereof and such continued provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as though fully set forth at this place.

FORM OF SENIOR NOTES A-2

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be executed.

Dated: ____________, 20__
KENNAMETAL INC.

By:______________________________
Name:
Title:

Attest:
By:______________________________
Name:
Title:

FORM OF SENIOR NOTES A-4

CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION

This is one of the Notes of the series of Notes described in the within-mentioned Indenture.

Dated:___________________________

BANK ONE TRUST COMPANY, N.A., as Trustee

By______________________________
Authorized Signatory

FORM OF SENIOR NOTES A-5

(REVERSE OF NOTE)

KENNAMETAL INC.
___% Senior Notes due 2012

This Note is one of a duly authorized series of Securities of the Company (herein sometimes referred to as the "Securities") specified in the Indenture (as defined below), all issued or to be issued in one or more series under and pursuant to an Indenture dated as of June 19, 2002 (the "Base Indenture"), duly executed and delivered between the Company and Bank One Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee (the "Trustee"), as supplemented by a First Supplemental Indenture, dated June 19, 2002 (the Base Indenture as so supplemented, the "Indenture"), to which Indenture and all indentures supplemental thereto reference is hereby made for a description of the rights, limitations of rights, obligations, duties and immunities thereunder of the Trustee, the Company and the Holders of the Securities and of the terms upon which the Securities are, and are to be, authenticated and delivered. By the terms of the Indenture, the Securities are issuable in series that may vary as to amount, date of maturity, rate of interest and in other respects as provided in the Indenture.

The Notes are not entitled to the benefit of any sinking fund.

The Notes will be redeemable, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company at any time, upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days' notice, at a Redemption Price equal to the greater of (i) 100% of the principal amount of the Notes, or (ii) as determined by the Independent Investment Banker, the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest on the Notes to be redeemed (not including the portion of any such payments of interest accrued as of the Redemption Date) discounted to the Redemption Date in accordance with customary market practice on a semi-annual basis (assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) at the Treasury Rate plus __ basis points, plus, in each case, accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the Redemption Date. Unless the Company defaults in payment of the Redemption Price, on and after the Redemption Date, interest will cease to accrue on the Notes or portions thereof called for redemption.

"Comparable Treasury Price" means, with respect to any Redemption Date: (i) the average of the bid and asked prices for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed as a percentage of its principal amount) on the third Business Day preceding the Redemption Date, as set forth in the daily statistical release (or any successor release) published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and designated "Composite 3:30 p.m. Quotations for U.S. Government Securities," or (ii) if such release (or any successor release) is not published or does not contain such prices on such Business Day, (A) the average of the Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations for such Redemption Date, after excluding the highest and lowest of such Reference Treasury Dealer

FORM OF SENIOR NOTES A-6

Quotations, or (B) if the Trustee obtains fewer than three such Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations, the average of all such Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations so received.

"Independent Investment Banker" means one of the Reference Treasury Dealers appointed by the Company.

If less than all of the Notes of a series are to redeemed, the Trustee will select the Notes to be redeemed by such method as the Trustee shall deem fair and appropriate. The Trustee may select for redemption Notes and portions of Notes in amounts of whole multiples of $1,000.

The Indenture contains provisions for defeasance of (a) the entire indebtedness of this Note and (b) certain restrictive covenants upon compliance by the Company with certain conditions set forth therein.

In case an Event of Default, shall have occurred and be continuing, the principal of all of the Notes may be declared, and upon such declaration shall become, due and payable, in the manner, with the effect and subject to the conditions provided in the Indenture.

The Indenture contains provisions permitting the Company and the Trustee, with the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes of each series affected at the time Outstanding, to execute supplemental indentures for the purpose of, among other things, adding any provisions to or changing or eliminating any of the provisions of the Indenture or of any supplemental indenture or of modifying the rights of the Holders of the Notes; provided, however, that, among other things, no such supplemental indenture shall (i) reduce the principal amount thereof, or reduce the rate or extend the time of payment of interest thereon (subject to the Company's right to defer such payments in the manner set forth herein), or reduce any premium payable upon the redemption thereof, without the consent of the Holder of each Note so affected, or (ii) reduce the aforesaid percentage of Notes,

FORM OF SENIOR NOTES A-7

the Holders of which are required to consent to any such supplemental indenture, without the consent of the Holders of each Note then Outstanding and affected thereby. The Indenture also contains provisions permitting, among other things, the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time Outstanding affected thereby, on behalf of all of the Holders of all Securities of such series, to waive a Default or Event of Default with respect to such series, and its consequences, except a Default or Event of Default in the payment of the principal of or premium, if any, or interest on any of the Securities of such series. Any such consent or waiver by the registered Holder of this Note (unless revoked as provided in the Indenture) shall be conclusive and binding upon such Holder and upon all future Holders and owners of this Note and of any Note issued in exchange for or in place hereof (whether by registration of transfer or otherwise), irrespective of whether or not any notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Note.

No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Note or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of and premium, if any, and interest on this Note at the times, place and at the rates and in the money herein prescribed.

As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, this Note is transferable by the registered Holder hereof on the Security Register of the Company, upon surrender of this Note for registration of transfer at the office or agency of the Trustee in The City of New York duly endorsed by, or accompanied by, a written instrument or instruments of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company or the Trustee duly executed by the registered Holder hereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing, and thereupon one or more new Notes of authorized denominations and for the same aggregate principal amount and series will be issued to the designated transferee or transferees. No service charge will be made for any such transfer, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in relation thereto.

Prior to due presentment for registration of transfer of this Note, the Company, the Trustee, any Paying Agent and the Security Registrar may deem and treat the registered Holder hereof as the absolute owner hereof (whether or not this Note shall be overdue and notwithstanding any notice of ownership or writing hereon made by anyone other than the Security Registrar) for the purpose of receiving payment of or on account of the principal hereof and premium, if any, and interest due hereon and for all other purposes, and neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any Paying Agent nor any Security Registrar shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.

No recourse shall be had for the payment of the principal of or the interest on this Note, or for any claim based hereon, or otherwise in respect hereof, or based on or in respect of the Indenture, against any incorporator, shareholder, officer or director, past, present or future, as such, of the Company or of any predecessor or successor corporation, whether by virtue of any constitution, statute or rule of law, or by the enforcement of any assessment or penalty or otherwise, and such liability being, by the acceptance hereof and as part of the consideration for the issuance hereof, expressly waived and released.

FORM OF SENIOR NOTES A-8

The Indenture imposes certain limitations on the ability of the Company to, among other things, merge or consolidate with any other Person, sell, assign, transfer or lease all or substantially all of its properties or assets or create or incur liens on certain of its property. All such covenants and limitations are subject to a number of important qualifications and exceptions. The Company must report periodically to the Trustee on compliance with the covenants in the Indenture.

A director, officer, employee or stockholder, as such, of the Company shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company under the Notes of this series or the Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of, such obligations or their creation. Each Holder, by accepting a Note, waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for the issuance of this Note.

Pursuant to a recommendation promulgated by the Committee on Uniform Security Identification Procedures ("CUSIP"), the Company has caused CUSIP numbers to be printed on the Notes. No representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of such numbers as printed on the Notes and reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed hereon.

The Notes of this series are issuable only in fully registered book-entry form without coupons in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof. This Global Note is exchangeable for Notes in definitive form only under certain limited circumstances set forth in the Indenture. As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, Notes of this series so issued are exchangeable for a like aggregate principal amount of Notes of this series of a different authorized denomination, as requested by the Holder surrendering the same.

This Note shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the law of the State of New York.

All terms used in this Note that are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.

FORM OF SENIOR NOTES A-9

ASSIGNMENT

To assign this Security, fill in the form below: (I) or (we) assign and transfer this Security to:

(Insert assignee's social security or tax I.D. number)

(Print or type assignee's name, address and zip code)

and irrevocably appoint
agent to transfer this Security on the books of the Company. The agent may substitute another to act for him.

Dated:                             Your Signature:
      ------------------------                    ------------------------------
                                                     (Sign exactly as your name
                                                      appears on the other side
                                                      of this Security)

Social Security Number or Taxpayer Identification Number: ______________________

Exhibit 4.3

KENNAMETAL INC.
7.20% Senior Notes due 2012

No. 1 $300,000,000
CUSIP No. 489170 AB 6

KENNAMETAL INC., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (the "Company", which term includes any successor corporation under the Indenture hereinafter referred to), for value received, hereby promises to pay to Cede & Co., or registered assigns, the principal sum of Three Hundred Million Dollars ($300,000,000) on June 15, 2012 (such date is hereinafter referred to as the "Maturity Date"), and to pay interest on said principal sum from June 19, 2002, or from the most recent interest payment date (each such date, an "Interest Payment Date") to which interest has been paid or duly provided for, semi-annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year, commencing on December 15, 2002, at the rate of 7.20% per annum until the principal hereof shall have become due and payable. The interest so payable, and punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date will, as provided in the Indenture, be paid to the Person in whose name this Note (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the regular record date for such interest which shall be the close of business on the June 1 or December 1 (whether or not a Business Day), as the case may be, preceding such Interest Payment Date. Any such interest not punctually paid or duly provided for shall forthwith cease to be payable to the registered Holders on such regular record date and may be paid to the Person in whose name this Note (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest to be fixed by the Trustee, notice whereof shall be given to the registered Holders of this series of Notes not less than 10 days prior to such Special Record Date, or may be paid at any time in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange on which the Notes of this series may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, all as more fully provided in the Indenture. The principal of, and premium, if any, and the interest on this Note shall be payable at the office or agency of the Trustee maintained for that purpose in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, in any coin or currency of the United States of America that at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts; provided, however, that payment of interest may be made at the option of the Company by check mailed to the registered Holder at such address as shall appear in the Security Register.

The provisions of this Note are continued on the reverse side hereof and such continued provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as though fully set forth at this place.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be executed.

Dated: June 19, 2002
KENNAMETAL INC.

                                            By  /s/ James E. Morrison
                                               -------------------------------
                                            Name: James E. Morrison
                                            Title: Vice President and Treasurer
Attest:
By: /s/ David W. Greenfield
    ---------------------------------
    Name: David W. Greenfield
    Title: Vice President, Secretary
           and General Counsel

[SEAL]

CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION

This is one of the Notes of the series of Notes described in the within-mentioned Indenture.

Dated: June 19, 2002

Bank One Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee

By  /s/ Jeffery L. Eubank
   ------------------------------------
   Authorized Signatory

(REVERSE OF NOTE)

KENNAMETAL INC.
7.20% Senior Notes due 2012

This Note is one of a duly authorized series of Securities of the Company (herein sometimes referred to as the "Securities") specified in the Indenture (as defined below), all issued or to be issued in one or more series under and pursuant to an Indenture dated as of June 19, 2002 (the "Base Indenture"), duly executed and delivered between the Company and Bank One Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee (the "Trustee"), as supplemented by a First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 19, 2002 (the Base Indenture as so supplemented, the "Indenture"), to which Indenture and all indentures supplemental thereto reference is hereby made for a description of the rights, limitations of rights, obligations, duties and immunities thereunder of the Trustee, the Company and the Holders of the Securities and of the terms upon which the Securities are, and are to be, authenticated and delivered. By the terms of the Indenture, the Securities are issuable in series that may vary as to amount, date of maturity, rate of interest and in other respects as provided in the Indenture.

The Notes are not entitled to the benefit of any sinking fund.

The Notes will be redeemable, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company at any time, upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days' notice, at a Redemption Price equal to the greater of (i) 100% of the principal amount of the Notes, or (ii) as determined by the Independent Investment Banker, the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest on the Notes to be redeemed (not including the portion of any such payments of interest accrued as of the Redemption Date) discounted to the Redemption Date in accordance with customary market practice on a semi-annual basis (assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) at the Treasury Rate plus 40 basis points, plus, in each case, accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the Redemption Date. Unless the Company defaults in payment of the Redemption Price, on and after the Redemption Date, interest will cease to accrue on the Notes or portions thereof called for redemption.

"Comparable Treasury Price" means, with respect to any Redemption Date: (i) the average of the bid and asked prices for the Comparable Treasury Issue (expressed as a percentage of its principal amount) on the third Business Day preceding the Redemption Date, as set forth in the daily statistical release (or any successor release) published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and designated "Composite 3:30 p.m. Quotations for U.S. Government Securities," or (ii) if such release (or any successor release) is not published or does not contain such prices on such Business Day, (A) the average of the Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations for such Redemption Date, after excluding the highest and lowest of such Reference Treasury Dealer

Quotations, or (B) if the Trustee obtains fewer than three such Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations, the average of all such Reference Treasury Dealer Quotations so received.

"Independent Investment Banker" means one of the Reference Treasury Dealers appointed by the Company.

This Note shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the law of the State of New York.

All terms used in this Note that are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.

ASSIGNMENT

To assign this Security, fill in the form below: (I) or (we) assign and transfer this Security to:

(Insert assignee's social security or tax I.D. number)

(Print or type assignee's name, address and zip code)

and irrevocably appoint
as agent to transfer this Security on the books of the Company. The agent may substitute another to act for him.

Dated:                               Your Signature:
      ------------------                             --------------------------
                                                     (Sign exactly as your name
                                                     appears on the other side
                                                     of this Security)

Social Security Number or Taxpayer Identification Number:

Buchanan Ingersoll Professional Corporation 301 Grant Street One Oxford Centre, 20th Floor Pittsburgh, PA 15219 (412) 562-8800

Exhibit 5

June 14, 2002

Kennametal Inc.
World Headquarters
1600 Technology Way
P.O. Box 231
Latrobe, Pennsylvania 15650

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have acted as counsel to Kennametal Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation ("Kennametal" or the "Company"), in connection with its registration statement on Form S-3, as amended (File No. 333-40809) (the "Registration Statement"), previously declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission"), relating to the proposed public offering and sale by the Company of its securities from time to time as set forth in the prospectus (the "Prospectus") which forms a part of the Registration Statement, and as set forth in one or more supplements to the Prospectus. This opinion letter is rendered in connection with the issuance and sale of Senior Notes of the Company consisting of $300,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 7.20% Senior Notes due 2012 (the "Notes"), as described in the prospectus supplement dated June 14, 2002 (the "Prospectus Supplement") and to be filed with the Commission under Rule 424(b)(5) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), pursuant to an underwriting agreement (the "Underwriting Agreement") between the Company and Goldman, Sachs & Co., J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., Lehman Brothers Inc. and the several underwriters named in Schedule I thereto (the "Underwriters").

This opinion is being delivered in accordance with the requirements of Item 601(b)(5)(i) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act.

In connection with this opinion, we have examined originals or copies, certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of such documents, certificates or records as we have deemed necessary or appropriate as bases for the opinions set forth herein. In our examination, we have assumed the legal capacity of all natural persons, the genuineness of all signatures, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity

June 14, 2002

Page - 2 -

to original documents of all documents submitted to us as certified or photostatic copies and the authenticity of the originals of such copies.

Based on the foregoing, and subject to the other qualifications and limitations set forth herein, we are of the opinion that the issuance and sale of the Notes to the Underwriters has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate actions of the Company and, following (i) issuance of the Notes pursuant to the terms of the Underwriting Agreement, and (ii) the receipt by the Company of the consideration for the Notes, the Notes will be duly executed, authenticated, legally issued, delivered and will be binding obligations of the Company.

This opinion letter has been prepared for your use in connection with the sale of the Notes and speaks as of the date hereof. We assume no obligation to advise you of any changes in the foregoing subsequent to the delivery of this opinion.

In rendering the above opinions, we have assumed in all cases that the Registration Statement has been declared effective by order of the Commission and remains in effect. We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as Exhibit 5 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the Company and to the reference to this firm under the caption "Legal Matters" in the Prospectus and Prospectus Supplement, each of which constitutes a part of the Registration Statement. In giving such consent, we do not hereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission.

BUCHANAN INGERSOLL
PROFESSIONAL CORPORATION

By: /s/ Ronald Basso
    --------------------------------
    Ronald Basso

Exhibit 12.1

KENNAMETAL INC.
COMPUTATION OF RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
(UNAUDITED)

(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT RATIOS)

                                                  Nine Months
                                                     Ended
                                                   March 31,                              Year Ended June 30,
                                            ------------------------  -------------------------------------------------------------

                                                2002         2001         2001         2000         1999        1998        1997
                                            -----------  -----------  -----------  -----------  ----------- ----------- -----------

Earnings:

   Pretax Income                            $    35,586  $    76,278  $    94,329  $   100,411  $    78,410 $   130,576 $   118,163

Add:

   (Income) / loss from equity investees           (498)        (319)        (455)        (597)         127         248        (310)

   Fixed charges                                 30,975       45,138       58,445       62,532       75,567      66,193      15,187

   Amortization of capitalized interest              13           13           13           13           13          13           4

   Distributed income of equity investees          --           --             39         --           --          --          --
                                            -----------  -----------  -----------  -----------  ----------- ----------- -----------

Sub-Total                                   $    66,076  $   121,110  $   152,371  $   162,359  $   154,117 $   197,030 $   133,044

Less:  Interest capitalized                        --           --           --           --           --           375         150
                                            -----------  -----------  -----------  -----------  ----------- ----------- -----------

Earnings                                    $    66,076  $   121,110  $   152,371  $   162,359  $   154,117 $   196,655 $   132,894
                                            ===========  ===========  ===========  ===========  =========== =========== ===========


Fixed Charges:

   Interest expense, net of capitalized
   interest                                 $    25,076  $    39,091  $    50,381  $    55,079  $    68,594 $    59,536 $    10,393

   Capitalized interest                            --           --           --           --           --           375         150

   Amortization of debt issuance costs                6            6            9            9            9           6        --

   Portion of rent expense
   representative of interest                     5,893        6,041        8,055        7,444        6,964       6,276       4,644
                                            -----------  -----------  -----------  -----------  ----------- ----------- -----------

Fixed Charges                               $    30,975  $    45,138  $    58,445  $    62,532  $    75,567 $    66,193 $    15,187
                                            ===========  ===========  ===========  ===========  =========== =========== ===========


Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges                 2.13         2.68         2.61         2.60         2.04        2.97        8.75
                                            ===========  ===========  ===========  ===========  =========== =========== ===========

Exhibit 12.2

KENNAMETAL INC.
COMPUTATION OF PRO-FORMA RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
(UNAUDITED)

(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT RATIOS)

                                                   NINE MONTHS          YEAR
                                                      ENDED             ENDED
                                                    MARCH 31,          JUNE 30,
                                                   -----------        ---------
                                                      2002              2001
                                                   ----------         ---------
Earnings:

   Pretax Income                                   $  32,244          $  94,686

Add:

   (Income) / loss from equity investees                (498)              (455)

   Fixed charges                                      34,317             58,088

   Amortization of capitalized interest                   13                 13

   Distributed income of equity investees               --                   39
                                                   ---------          ---------

Sub-Total                                          $  66,076          $ 152,371

Less:  Interest capitalized                             --                 --
                                                   ---------          ---------

Earnings                                           $  66,076          $ 152,371
                                                   =========          =========


Fixed Charges:

   Interest expense, net of capitalized
   interest                                        $  28,418          $  50,024

   Capitalized interest                                 --                 --

   Amortization of debt issuance costs                     6                  9

   Portion of rent expense
   representative of interest                          5,893              8,055
                                                   ---------          ---------

Fixed Charges                                      $  34,317          $  58,088
                                                   =========          =========

Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges                      1.93               2.62
                                                   =========          =========