Table of Contents

 
 
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
     
þ   ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006
     
o   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                                           to                                          
Commission File Number 0-13814
CORTLAND BANCORP
 
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
     
Ohio   34-14511184
     
(State or Other Jurisdiction of   (I.R.S. Employer
Incorporation or Organization)   Identification No.)
     
194 West Main Street, Cortland, Ohio   44410
     
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)   (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (330) 637-8040
Securities registered pursuant to Section l2(b) of the Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section l2(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, no par value
 
(Title of Class)
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.       o Yes       þ No
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.       o Yes      þ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (l) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section l3 or l5(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of l934 during the preceding l2 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.      þ Yes      o No
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (229.405 of the chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of the Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K       þ .
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer o       Accelerated filer þ       Non-accelerated filer o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).       o Yes       þ No
Based upon the closing price of the registrant’s common stock of June 30, 2006 the aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $71,674,848. For purposes of this response directors and executive officers are considered the affiliates of the issuer at that date.
The number of shares outstanding of the issuer’s classes of common stock as of March 13, 2007: 4,511,519 shares
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Annual Shareholders Report for the year ended December 31, 2006 are incorporated by reference into Parts I, II and IV. Portions of the Proxy Statement for the annual shareholders meeting to be held April 24, 2007 are incorporated by reference into Part III.
 
 

 


 

FORM 10-K
2006
INDEX
     
    Page
   
 
   
   
  I-2
  I-4
 
   
  I-7
 
   
  I-9
 
   
  I-9
 
   
  I-9
 
   
  I-10
 
   
  I-10
 
   
   
 
   
  II-1
 
   
  II-2
 
   
  II-2
 
   
  II-2
 
   
  II-2
 
   
  II-2
 
   
  II-2
 
   
  II-2
 
   
   
 
   
  III-1
 
   
  III-1
 
   
  III-1
 
   
  III-1
 
   
  III-1
 
   
   
 
   
  IV-1
 
   
  IV-2
 
   
  IV-3
  EX-3.2
  EX-10.12
  EX-10.27
  EX-13
  EX-21
  EX-23
  EX-31.1
  EX-31.2
  EX-32

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PART I
Item l. Business
General
THE CORPORATION
     Information relating to Item 1 — Business General – THE CORPORATION — is set forth in the Corporation’s 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders, Page 4, Brief Description of the Business and is incorporated herein by reference.
CORTLAND BANKS
     Information relating to Item 1 — Business General – CORTLAND BANKS — is set forth in the Corporation’s 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders, Page 4, Brief Description of the Business and is incorporated herein by reference.
NEW RESOURCES LEASING COMPANY
     Information relating to Item 1 — Business General — NEW RESOURCES LEASING COMPANY — is set forth in the Corporation’s 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders, Page 4, Brief Description of the Business and is incorporated herein by reference.
SUPERVISION AND REGULATION
     The Company is subject to supervision and regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve Board”). As a financial holding company, the Company may engage in activities that are financial in nature or incidental to a financial activity, as authorized by the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 (The Financial Services Reform Act). Under the Financial Services Reform Act, the Company may continue to claim the benefits of financial holding company status as long as each depository institution that it controls remains well capitalized and well managed. The Company is required to provide notice to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System when it becomes aware that any depository institution controlled by the Company ceases to be well capitalized or well managed. Furthermore, current regulation specifies that prior to initiating or engaging in any new activities that are authorized for financial holding companies, the Company’s insured depository institutions must be rated “satisfactory” or better under the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA). As of December 31, 2006, the Company’s bank subsidiary was rated “satisfactory” for CRA purposes, and remained well capitalized and, in management’s opinion, well managed. Cortland Bancorp owns no property. Operations are conducted at 194 West Main Street, Cortland, Ohio.
     The Bank, as a state chartered banking organization and member of the Federal Reserve System, is subject to periodic examination and regulation by both the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland and the State of Ohio Division of Financial Institutions. These examinations, which include such areas as capital, liquidity, asset quality, management practices and other aspects of the Bank’s operations, are primarily for the protection of the Bank’s depositors. In addition to these regular examinations, the Bank must furnish periodic reports to regulatory authorities containing a full and accurate statement of its affairs. The Bank’s deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) up to the statutory limit of $100,000 per customer. Individual Retirement Account deposits are insured by the FDIC to $250,000 per customer.

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Item l. Business
General (Continued)
     On July 30, 2002, President Bush signed into law the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which contains important new requirements for public companies in the area of financial disclosure and corporate governance. In accordance with section 302(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, written certifications by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer are required. These certifications attest that the Company’s quarterly and annual reports filed with the SEC do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact. The Company has also implemented a program designed to comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which includes the identification of significant processes and accounts, documentation of the design of control effectiveness over process and entity level controls, and testing of the operating effectiveness of key controls.
COMPETITION
     Information relating to Item 1 — Business General — COMPETITION — is set forth in the Corporation’s 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders, Page 4, Brief Description of the Business and is incorporated herein by reference.
EMPLOYEES
     Information relating to Item 1 — Business General – EMPLOYEES — is set forth in the Corporation’s 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders, Page 4, Brief Description of the Business and is incorporated herein by reference
AVAILABLE INFORMATION
     The Company files an annual report on Form 10K, quarterly reports on Form 10Q, current reports on Form 8K and amendments to those reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. The Company’s Internet address is www.cortland-banks.com . The Company makes available through this address, free of charge, the reports filed, as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed, or furnished to, the SEC. The SEC also maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC at www.sec.gov.

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Item l. Business
Statistical Disclosure
I. DISTRIBUTION OF ASSETS, LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY;
      INTEREST RATES AND INTEREST DIFFERENTIAL
     Information relating to I — Distribution of Assets, Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity; Interest Rates and Interest Differential is set forth in the Corporation’s 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders under the pages indicated below and is incorporated herein by reference:
     
    Pages in 2006
    Annual Report
    to Shareholders
A. Average Balance Sheet —
   
December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
  32  &  33
 
   
B. Analysis of Net Interest Earnings —
   
Years ending December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
  32 & 33
 
   
C. Rate and Volume Analysis —
   
2006 change from 2005
   
and 2005 change from 2004
  40
II. INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO
     Information relating to II – Investment Portfolio is set forth in the Corporation’s 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders under the pages indicated below and is incorporated herein by reference:
     
    Pages in 2006
    Annual Report
    to Shareholders
A. Book value of investments —
   
December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
  49 - 50
 
   
B. Summary of securities held —
   
December 31, 2006
  50 & 51
 
   
C. N/A
   

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III. LOAN PORTFOLIO (ALL DOMESTIC)
A. TYPES OF LOANS
     Information relating to III — Loan Portfolio — A. Types of Loans is set forth in the Corporation’s 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders, Page 47, Loan Portfolio and is incorporated herein by reference.
B. MATURITIES AND SENSITIVITIES OF LOANS TO CHANGES IN INTEREST RATES
     Information relating to III — Loan Portfolio – B. Maturities and Sensitivities of Loans to Interest Rates is set forth in the Corporation’s 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders, Page 47, Loan Portfolio and is incorporated herein by reference.
C. RISK ELEMENTS
     Information relating to III – Loan Portfolio – C. Risk Elements, is set forth in the Corporation’s 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders under the pages indicated below and is incorporated herein by reference:
     
    Pages in 2006
    Annual Report
    to Shareholders
1. Nonaccrual, Past Due and Restructured Loans
   
 
   
(1) Aggregate amount in each category (5 years)
  37
 
   
(2) Interest income
   
 
   
(i) That would have been recorded
  19 & 37
 
(ii) That was included in income
  19 & 37
 
   
(3) Policy for placing loans on non-accrual status
  11-13 & 19
 
   
2. Potential Problem Loans
  20
 
   
3. Foreign Outstandings
  N/A
 
   
4. Loan concentrations over 10% not otherwise disclosed
  N/A
D. Other Interest Bearing Assets — N/A

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IV. SUMMARY OF LOAN LOSS EXPERIENCE
A. Analysis of the Allowance for Loan Loss
     Information relating to IV — Summary of Loan Loss Experience — A. Analysis of the Allowance for Loan Loss is set forth in the Corporation’s 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders, Pages 45-46, Loan Loss Experience and is incorporated herein by reference.
B. Breakdown of the Allowance for Loan Losses
     Information relating to IV — Summary of Loan Loss Experience — B. Breakdown of the Allowance for Loan Losses is set forth in the Corporation’s 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders under the pages indicated below and is incorporated herein by reference.
     
    Pages in 2006
    Annual Report
    to Shareholders
Breakdown of the Allowance for Loan Losses
  46
 
Percentage of loans in each category
  45 - 47
 
Loan Commitments and Lines of Credit
  23-24 & 55-56
V. DEPOSITS (ALL DOMESTIC)
A. Average Deposits and Average Rates Paid on Deposit Categories
     Information relating to V — Deposits — A. Average Deposits and Rates is set forth in the Corporation’s 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders, Pages 32 & 33, Three Year Summary Average Balance Sheet, Yields and Rates and is incorporated herein by reference.
B. Not applicable
C. Not applicable
D. Summary of Time Deposits of $100,000 or More
     Information relating to V — Deposits — D. Summary of Time Deposits of $100,000 or More by Maturity Range, is set forth in the Corporation’s 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders, Page 21, Note 6, Deposits and is incorporated herein by reference.
E. Not applicable
VI. RETURN ON EQUITY AND ASSETS
     Information relating to VI — Return on Equity and Assets is set forth in the Corporation’s 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders, page 31, Selected Financial Data and is incorporated herein by reference.
VII. SHORT TERM BORROWINGS
     Not required

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Item 1A. Risk Factors
          The material risks and uncertainties that management believes affect the Company are described below. Before making an investment decision with respect to the Company’s stock, you should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties as described below together with all of the information included herein. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only risks and uncertainties the Company faces. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known and that are deemed immaterial also may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s result of operations and financial condition. If any of the following risks actually occur, the Company’s common stock could decline.
           Fluctuations in interest rates could adversely affect the Company’s earnings and financial condition.
     As is the case for most financial institutions, the Company’s earnings are substantially dependent upon net interest income, which is the difference between (a) the rates earned on loans, securities and other earning assets and (b) the interest rates paid on borrowings and deposits. These interest rates are highly sensitive to various factors beyond the Banks control, including but not limited to:
    the general economic conditions;
 
    governmental monetary policy;
 
    regulatory policies;
 
    rate of inflation;
 
    rate of unemployment.
     For instance, an economic downturn, increase in unemployment, or higher interest rates could decrease the demand for loans and other products and services and/or result in a deterioration in credit quality and/or loan performance.
      The Company’s business may be adversely affected by changes in government policies.
     The Company operates as a State Chartered Financial Institution and is subject to the Banking regulations of the Ohio Department of Commerce and the Division of Financial Institutions. The Company is also a member of the Federal Reserve Banks 6 th District. As such, the Company’s success depends not only on competitive factors but also on regulations that are issued by these organizations. Congress and state legislatures and federal and state regulatory agencies continually review and change banking laws, regulations and policies. Changes to statutes, regulations or regulatory policies, including changes in interpretation or implementations of statutes, regulations or policies, could affect the Company in substantial and unpredictable ways, with the potential to significantly impact the Company’s cost structure. Also, the Company’s failure to comply with laws, regulations or policies could result in sanctions by the regulatory agencies and damage its reputation.
      The Company’s earnings and reputation may be adversely affected by credit risk.
     A significant portion of the Company’s loan portfolio is secured by real property. Originating and underwriting loans properly are integral to the Company’s success. Credit risk is the risk of not being able to collect the contractual obligation, including all principal and interest income when the borrower is unable to repay the obligation as agreed. Credit risk could be affected by a variety of negative conditions, including, (1) general, regional or local economic conditions, (2) rapid increase in interest rates, and/or (3) a downturn in an industry sector.

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Item 1A. Risk Factors (Continued)
     The Company’s general and specific credit risk are significant components of the Company’s reserve for loan losses which is also based upon, among other things:
    historical experience;
 
    economic conditions;
 
    regular reviews of delinquencies and loan portfolio quality;
 
    industry concentrations;
 
    and results of regulatory examinations.
Based upon such factors, management makes various assumptions and judgments about the ultimate collectibility of the respective loan portfolios. Although the Company believes that the reserve for loan losses is adequate, there can be no assurance that such reserve will prove sufficient to cover future losses. These determinations are based upon estimates that are inherently subjective. As such, future adjustments will be necessary if economic conditions change or adverse developments arise with respect to nonperforming or performing loans or if regulatory supervision changes. Material losses would result in a material decrease in the Company’s net income, and possibly its capital, and could result in the inability to pay dividends, among other adverse conditions.
      The Company’s industry is very competitive and intense.
     The Bank competes with a variety of competition including: other commercial banks, savings and loan associations, finance companies, insurance companies, brokerage and investment banking firms and credit unions. Many of these competitors have greater resources and lending limits than the Bank and may offer certain services that the Bank does not provide. The Company’s profitability depends upon the continued ability to compete effectively in our markets with the Company’s core products.
      The Company’s business could be adversely affected by a downturn in the local geographic markets where we operate and depend.
     The Bank derives the majority of its loans and deposits from the communities located in Northeast Ohio region. The local economic conditions in these areas have a significant impact on the generation of the Bank’s loan and deposit portfolios; the ability of borrowers to repay these loans; and the value of collateral securing these loans. Adverse changes in the economic conditions of the Northeast Ohio region in general could result in a negative impact on the financial results of the Company’s operations and have a negative effect on our profitability.
      A significant challenge for the future of the Company is recruiting and retaining top talent.
     In the Company’s competitive market, success will be determined in large part by who can hire and retain the best talent. Finding and retaining high performance employees is a particular challenge for banks in the Company’s core market of Northeast Ohio.
      International conflicts and terrorism could adversely impact the Company’s earnings and operations.
     The potential for terrorist activity is unpredictable and could negatively impact general and economic conditions in the United States and the Bank’s local economy in particular. The impact of such terrorism could have a significant adverse impact to the Company’s earnings and operations in ways that cannot be anticipated and/or estimated.

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Item 1A. Risk Factors (Continued)
           The Company’s stock price is volatile.
     The Company’s stock price has been volatile in the past, and several factors could cause the price to fluctuate substantially in the future. These factors include:
    Actual or anticipated variations in earnings;
 
    Changes in analysts recommendations or projections;
 
    Operating and stock performance of other companies deemed to be peers;
 
    News reports of trends, concerns and other issues related to the financial services industry;
 
    Low volume of stock trades.
     The Bank’s stock price may fluctuate significantly in the future, and these fluctuations may be unrelated to the Bank’s performance. General market price declines or market volatility in the future could adversely affect the price of the Bank’s stock, and the current market price may not be indicative of future market prices.
     Further information relating to Item 1A. Risk Factors is set forth in the Corporations 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders Management’s Discussion Analysis. Including but not limited to Page 34, Note regarding Forward-Looking Statements; pages 45-46, Loan Loss Experience; pages 58-59, Market Risk; pages 59-60, Critical Accounting Policies and page 60, Impact of Inflation, and incorporated herein by reference.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments — N/A
Item 2. Properties
CORTLAND BANCORP’S PROPERTY
     Information relating to Item 2 — Properties — is set forth in the Corporation’s 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders, page 4, Brief Description of the Business – CORTLAND BANCORP – and is incorporated herein by reference.
CORTLAND BANKS’ PROPERTY
     Information relating to Item 2 — Properties — is set forth in the Corporation’s 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders, page 4, Brief Description of the Business, THE CORTLAND SAVINGS AND BANKING COMPANY — and is incorporated herein by reference.
     Information relating to Item 2 — Properties — Location of Offices is set forth in the Corporation’s 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders, page 64, Cortland Banks Offices and Locations and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
     Information relating to Item 3 — Legal Proceedings — is set forth in the Corporation’s 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders, page 30, Note 16, Litigation, and is incorporated herein by reference.

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Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
     No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year covered by this report.
Item 4A. Identification of Executive Officers of the Registrant
The names, ages and positions of the executive officers as of March 13, 2007 are as follows:
             
Name   Age   Position Held
Lawrence A. Fantauzzi
    59     President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
 
           
James M. Gasior
    47     Senior Vice President, Secretary, Chief Financial Officer and Director
 
           
Craig M. Phythyon
    45     Senior Vice President, Treasurer and Chief Investment Officer
     All of the officers listed above will hold office until the next annual meeting of shareholders and until their successors are duly elected and qualified.
Principal Occupation and Business Experience of Executive Officers
     During the past five years the business experience of each of the executive officers has been as follows:
     Mr. Fantauzzi succeeded Mr. Platt as President and Chief Executive Officer of The Cortland Savings and Banking Company beginning October 3, 2005. Mr. Fantauzzi also succeeded Mr. Platt as President of Cortland Bancorp beginning November 1, 2005. Previously, Mr. Fantauzzi has served as Senior Vice President of the Bank since 1996. He served as Controller and Chief Financial Officer, as well as Secretary-Treasurer of both Cortland Bancorp and The Cortland Savings and Banking Company (the “Bank”). Mr. Fantauzzi has also been Vice President and Director of New Resources Leasing Corporation, a subsidiary of the Bancorp, since 1995. Mr. Fantauzzi is 59 years old and has been a member of the Board of Directors since February 9, 1999.
     Mr. Gasior is Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary of Cortland Bancorp. He is also Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary of the Bank. Mr. Gasior is a Certified Public Accountant, a member of the American Institute of CPA’s and the Ohio Society of CPA’s, is 47 years of age and has been a member of the Board of Directors since November of 2005. Previously, Mr. Gasior served as Senior Vice President of Lending and Administration of Cortland Bancorp and its subsidiary bank from April 1999 to October 2005.
     Mr. Phythyon is Senior Vice President, Chief Investment Officer and Treasurer of Cortland Bancorp. He is also Senior Vice President, Chief Investment Officer and Treasurer of the Bank. Previously, Mr. Phythyon served as Vice President – Assistant Controller of the Bank beginning in 2002 and Assistant Vice President – Assistant Controller beginning in 1997. Mr. Phythyon is 45 years old.

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PART II
     Information relating to Items 5, 6, 7, 7A and 8 is set forth in the Corporation’s 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders under the pages indicated below and is incorporated herein by reference:
     
    Pages in 2006
    Annual Report
    to Shareholders
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer Purchase of Equity Securities
   
   
a) Market Information
  30 & 61
   
b) Holders
  61
   
c) Dividends
  30, 35 & 61
   
d) N/A
   
   
e) Shareholder Return Performance Graph
   
CUMULATIVE VALUE OF $100 INVESTMENT
Comparison of Five-Year Cumulative Total Return Among Cortland Bancorp,
The Russell 2000 Index and SNL Securities Index of Banks with Assets Under $500 Million. (1)

Cortland Bancorp
(PERFORMANCE GRAPH)
                                                 
    Period Ending
Index   12/31/01     12/31/02     12/31/03     12/31/04     12/31/05     12/31/06  
 
Cortland Bancorp
    100.00       129.98       158.79       135.69       117.00       125.34  
Russell 2000
    100.00       79.52       117.09       138.55       144.86       171.47  
SNL <$500M Bank Index
    100.00       128.07       186.94       215.79       228.47       240.01  
 
(1)   Assumes that on December 31, 2001, $100 each was invested in the common shares of Cortland Bancorp, the Russell 2000 index, and the SNL Bank Index, with all subsequent dividends reinvested. Cortland Bancorp is not among the banking companies included in the SNL Bank Index, nor is it included in the Russell 2000 index. SNL Securities provided information for Cortland Bancorp, The Russell 2000 index and the SNL Bank Index. Past performance provides no guarantee or assurance that similar results can or will be achieved in the future.
 

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Item 6. Selected Financial Data
  31
     
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
  34-60
     
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
  53-54, 58-59
     
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
  4-33
 
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures

None
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
      Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures . With the supervision and participation of management, including the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the effectiveness of disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)) has been evaluated as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that such disclosure controls and procedures are, to the best of their knowledge, effective as of the end of the period covered by this report to ensure that material information relating to the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries is made known to them, particularly during the period for which our periodic reports, including this report, are being prepared.
      Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting . The Report on Management’s Assessment of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting is included on page 5 of the 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders and is incorporated herein by reference.
      Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm . The Attestation Report of the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm is included on page 6 of the 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders and is incorporated herein by reference.
      Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting . Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that there have been no significant changes during the period covered by this report in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-13 and 15d-15 of the Exchange Act) that have materially affected, or are reasonable likely to materially affect, internal control over financial reporting.
Item 9B. Other Information
     Not applicable

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PART III
Item l0. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
     Information relating to this item will be set forth in the Corporation’s definitive proxy statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A of the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of our 2006 fiscal year in connection with its annual meeting of shareholders to be held April 24, 2007. Such information is incorporated herein by reference. This information will be found under the captions of “Board Nominees”, “Continuing Directors”, “The Board of Directors and Committees of the Board”, “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance”, “Election of Directors” and “Audit Committee Matters”.
Information relating to executive officers of the Corporation is set forth in Part I. Item 4A.
Item 11. Executive Compensation
     Information relating to this item will be set forth in the Corporation’s definitive proxy statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A of the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of our 2006 fiscal year in connection with its annual meeting of shareholders to be held April 24, 2007. Such information is incorporated herein by reference. This information will be found under the captions of “Board Compensation”, “Compensation Discussion and Analysis”, “Executive Compensation”, “Directors Compensation”, “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” and “Executive Compensation Committee Report”.
Item l2. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Shareholders Matters
     Information relating to this item will be set forth in the Corporation’s definitive proxy statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A of the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of our 2006 fiscal year in connection with its annual meeting of shareholders to be held April 24, 2007. Such information is incorporated herein by reference. This information will be found under the captions of “Share Ownership by Directors and Executive Officers”.
Item l3. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
     Information relating to this item will be set forth in the Corporation’s definitive proxy statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A of the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of our 2006 fiscal year in connection with its annual meeting of shareholders to be held April 24, 2007. Such information is incorporated herein by reference. This information will be found under the captions of “Related Party Transactions”, “Transactions with Affiliates” and “The Board of Directors and Committees of the Board”.
Item l4. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
Information relating to this item will be set forth in the Corporation’s definitive proxy statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A of the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of our 2006 fiscal year in connection with its annual meeting of shareholders to be held April 24, 2007. Such information is incorporated herein by reference. This information will be found under the captions of “Audit Committee Matters”.

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PART IV
Item l5. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
(a) l. Financial Statements
Included in Part II of this report:
Item 8., Financial Statements and Accompanying Information, is set forth in the Corporation’s 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders and is incorporated by reference in Part II of this report.
     
    Pages in 2006
    Annual Report
    To Shareholders
Consolidated Financial Statements:
   
 
   
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
  6
 
   
Consolidated Statements of Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
  7
 
   
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2006 and 2005
  8
 
   
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
  9
 
   
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
  10
 
   
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
  11 - 30
(a) 2. Financial Statement Schedules
Included in Part IV of this report as Exhibit 23:
Independent Accountants’ Consent
Schedules:
All schedules are omitted because they are not applicable.
(a) 3. Exhibits Required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K
The exhibits filed or incorporated by reference as a part of this report are listed in the Index to Exhibits which appears at page IV-3 hereof and is incorporated herein by reference.
Exhibit 11 — Statement regarding computation of earnings per share - is set forth in the Corporation’s 2006 Annual Report to Shareholders page 14, Note 1 — SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES — Per Share Amounts — and is incorporated herein by reference.

IV-1


Table of Contents

SIGNATURES
     Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
                 
            CORTLAND BANCORP    
 
               
March 13, 2007
      By   /s/ Lawrence A. Fantauzzi    
 
               
Date
          Lawrence A. Fantauzzi,    
 
          President, Chief Executive Officer and Director    
     Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
         
/s/ K. Ray Mahan
  Director and Chairman of the Board   March 13, 2007
 
       
K. Ray Mahan
      Date
 
       
/s/ Lawrence A. Fantauzzi
  President, Chief Executive Officer and Director   March 13, 2007
 
       
Lawrence A. Fantauzzi
      Date
 
       
/s/ James M. Gasior
  Senior Vice President, Secretary and Director   March 13, 2007
 
       
James M. Gasior
  (Chief Financial Officer)   Date
 
       
/s/ Jerry A. Carleton
  Director   March 13, 2007
 
       
Jerry A. Carleton
      Date
 
       
/s/ David C. Cole
  Director   March 13, 2007
 
       
David C. Cole
      Date
 
       
/s/ George E. Gessner
  Director   March 13, 2007
 
       
George E. Gessner
      Date
 
       
/s/ James E. Hoffman, III
  Director   March 13, 2007
 
       
James E. Hoffman, III
      Date
 
       
/s/ Neil J. Kaback
  Director   March 13, 2007
 
       
Neil J. Kaback
      Date
 
       
/s/ Richard B. Thompson
  Director   March 13, 2007
 
       
Richard B. Thompson
      Date
 
       
/s/ Timothy K. Woofter
  Director   March 13, 2007
 
       
Timothy K. Woofter
      Date

IV-2


Table of Contents

INDEX TO EXHIBITS
     The following exhibits are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this report:
Item 15(b). Exhibits
     
Exhibit 3.1
  Restated Amended Articles of Cortland Bancorp reflecting amendment dated May 18, 1999. Note: filed for purposes of SEC reporting compliance only. This restated document has not been filed with the State of Ohio. (filed with December 2005 10-K)
 
   
Exhibit 3.2
  Code of Regulations, for the Bancorp as amended (filed with December 2005 10-K) Code of Regulations, Cortland Savings and Banking Company (filed herewith).
 
   
Exhibit 4
  The rights of holders of equity securities are defined in portions of the Articles of Incorporation and Code of Regulations as referenced in 3.1 and 3.2.
 
   
* Exhibit 10.1
  Group Term Carve Out Plan dated February 23,2001 by The Cortland Savings and Banking Company with each executive officer other than Rodger W. Platt and with selected other officers, as amended by the August 2002 letter amendment.
 
   
* Exhibit 10.2
  Group Term Carve Out Plan Amended Split Dollar Policy Endorsement entered into by The Cortland Savings and Banking Company on December 15, 2003 with Stephen A. Telego, Sr.
 
   
* Exhibit 10.3
  Director Retirement Agreement between Cortland Bancorp and Jerry A. Carleton, dated as of July 26, 2005
 
   
* Exhibit 10.4
  Director Retirement Agreement between Cortland Bancorp and David C. Cole, dated as of March 1, 2001, as amended by letter amendment dated February 12, 2004
 
   
* Exhibit 10.5
  Director Retirement Agreement between Cortland Bancorp and George E. Gessner, dated as of March 1, 2001, as amended by letter amendment dated February 12, 2004
 
   
* Exhibit 10.6
  Amended Director Retirement Agreement between Cortland Bancorp and William A. Hagood, dated as of October 12, 2003
 
   
* Exhibit 10.7
  Director Retirement Agreement between Cortland Bancorp and James E. Hoffman III, dated as of March 1, 2001, as amended by letter amendment dated February 12, 2004
 
   
* Exhibit 10.8
  Director Retirement Agreement between Cortland Bancorp and Neil J. Kaback, dated as of March 1, 2004
 
   
* Exhibit 10.9
  Director Retirement Agreement between Cortland Bancorp and K. Ray Mahan, dated as of March 1, 2001
 
   
* Exhibit 10.10
  Amended and Restated Director Retirement Agreement between Cortland Bancorp and Richard B. Thompson, dated as of May 1, 2004
 
   
* Exhibit 10.11
  Director Retirement Agreement between Cortland Bancorp and Timothy K. Woofter, dated as of March 1, 2001, as amended by letter amendment dated February 12, 2004

IV-3


Table of Contents

INDEX TO EXHIBITS (Continued)
     
* Exhibit 10.12
  Form of Split Dollar Agreement entered into by Cortland Bancorp and each of Directors David C. Cole, George E. Gessner, William A. Hagood, James E. Hoffman III, K. Ray Mahan, and Timothy K. Woofter as of February 23, 2001, as of March 1, 2004 with Director Neil J. Kaback, and as of October 1, 2001 with Director Richard B. Thompson; as amended on December 26, 2006, for Directors Cole, Gessner, Hoffman, Mahan, Thompson, and Woofter; and Split Dollar Agreement and Endorsement entered into by Cortland Bancorp as of July 26, 2005 with Director Jerry A. Carleton
 
   
* Exhibit 10.13
  Split Dollar Agreement between The Cortland Savings and Banking Company and Rodger W. Platt dated of as February 23, 2001, as amended on August 15, 2002 and September 29, 2005
 
   
* Exhibit 10.14
  Endorsement Split Dollar Agreement between The Cortland Savings and Banking Company and Rodger W. Platt dated as of September 29, 2005
 
   
* Exhibit 10.15
  Form of Indemnification Agreement entered into by Cortland Bancorp with each of its directors as of May 24, 2005
 
   
* Exhibit 10.16
  Amended Salary Continuation Agreement between The Cortland Savings and Banking Company and Rodger W. Platt, dated as of August 15, 2002
 
   
* Exhibit 10.17
  Second Amended and Restated Salary Continuation Agreement between The Cortland Savings and Banking Company and Timothy Carney, dated as of December 17, 2003
 
   
* Exhibit 10.18
  Second Amended and Restated Salary Continuation Agreement between The Cortland Savings and Banking Company and Lawrence A. Fantauzzi, dated as of December 16, 2003
 
   
* Exhibit 10.19
  Second Amended and Restated Salary Continuation Agreement between The Cortland Savings and Banking Company and James M. Gasior, dated as of December 15, 2003
 
   
* Exhibit 10.20
  Amended Salary Continuation Agreement between The Cortland Savings and Banking Company and Marlene Lenio, dated as of September 9, 2002
 
   
* Exhibit 10.21
  Salary Continuation Agreement between The Cortland Savings and Banking Company and Craig Phythyon, dated as of December 15, 2003
 
   
* Exhibit 10.22
  Second Amended and Restated Salary Continuation Agreement between The Cortland Savings and Banking Company and Stephen A. Telego, Sr., dated as of December 15, 2003
 
   
* Exhibit 10.23
  Second Amended and Restated Salary Continuation Agreement between The Cortland Savings and Banking Company and Danny L. White, dated as of December 15, 2003
 
   
* Exhibit 10.24
  Second Amended Split Dollar Agreement and Endorsement between The Cortland Savings and Banking Company and Timothy Carney, dated as of December 17, 2003

IV-4


Table of Contents

INDEX TO EXHIBITS (Continued)
     
* Exhibit 10.25
  Second Amended Split Dollar Agreement and Endorsement between The Cortland Savings and Banking Company and Lawrence A. Fantauzzi, dated as of December 16, 2003
 
   
* Exhibit 10.26
  Second Amended Split Dollar Agreement and Endorsement between The Cortland Savings and Banking Company and James M. Gasior, dated as of December 15, 2003
 
   
* Exhibit 10.27
  Amended Split Dollar Agreement between The Cortland Savings and Banking Company and Marlene Lenio, dated as of September 9, 2002, as amended on December 11, 2006
 
   
* Exhibit 10.28
  Split Dollar Agreement and Endorsement between The Cortland Savings and Banking Company and Craig Phythyon, dated as of December 15, 2003
 
   
* Exhibit 10.29
  Second Amended Split Dollar Agreement and Endorsement between The Cortland Savings and Banking Company and Stephen A. Telego, Sr., dated as of December 15, 2003
 
   
* Exhibit 10.30
  Second Amended Split Dollar Agreement and Endorsement between The Cortland Savings and Banking Company and Danny L. White, dated as of December 15, 2003
 
   
* Exhibit 10.31
  Severance Agreement Due to Change in Control of Cortland Bancorp entered by Cortland Bancorp and The Cortland Savings and Banking Company in January 2001 with each of Timothy Carney, Lawrence A. Fantauzzi, James M. Gasior, and Stephen A. Telego, Sr.
 
   
* Exhibit 10.32
  Severance Agreement Due to Change in Control of Cortland Bancorp entered by Cortland Bancorp and The Cortland Savings and Banking Company in January 2001 with each of Marlene Lenio, Barbara Sandrock, and Danny L. White
 
   
Exhibit 13
  Annual Report to security holders (filed herewith)
 
   
Exhibit 21
  Subsidiaries of the Registrant (filed herewith)
 
   
Exhibit 23
  Consents of experts and counsel – Consent of independent registered public Accounting firm. (filed herewith)
 
   
Exhibit 31.1
  Certification of the Chief Executive Officer under Rule 13a-14(a) (filed herewith)
 
   
Exhibit 31.2
  Certification of the Chief Financial Officer under Rule 13a-14(a) (filed herewith)
 
   
Exhibit 32
  Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer required under section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith)
 
*   Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement (filed with 10-K for 2005 except for amendments to 10.12 and 10.27 which are filed herewith)
          Copies of any exhibits will be furnished to shareholders upon written request. Requests should be directed to James Gasior, Secretary, Cortland Bancorp, 194 West Main Street, Cortland, Ohio 44410.

IV-5

 

Exhibit 3.2
CODE OF REGULATIONS
OF
THE CORTLAND SAVINGS AND BANKING COMPANY
INDEX
             
ARTICLE ONE
           
 
           
MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS        
 
           
Section 1.01.
  Annual Meetings     1  
Section 1.02.
  Calling of Meetings     1  
Section 1.03.
  Place of Meetings     1  
Section 1.04.
  Notice of Meetings     1  
Section 1.05.
  Waiver of Notice     2  
Section 1.06.
  Quorum     2  
Section 1.07.
  Votes Required     3  
Section 1.08.
  Order of Business     3  
Section 1.09.
  Shareholders Entitled to Vote     3  
Section 1.10.
  Proxies     3  
Section 1.11.
  Inspectors of Election     3  
 
           
ARTICLE TWO
           
 
           
DIRECTORS
           
 
           
Section 2.01.
  Authority and Qualifications     4  
Section 2.02.
  Number of Directors and Term of Office     4  
Section 2.03.
  Election and Oath of Office     5  
Section 2.04.
  Removal     6  
Section 2.05.
  Vacancies     6  
Section 2.06.
  Meetings     6  
Section 2.07.
  Notice of Meetings     6  
Section 2.08.
  Waiver of Notice     7  
Section 2.09.
  Quorum     7  
Section 2.10.
  Executive Committee     7  
Section 2.11.
  Compensation     8  
Section 2.12.
  By-Laws     8  
 
           
ARTICLE THREE
           
 
           
OFFICERS
           
 
           
Section 3.01.
  Officers     8  
Section 3.02.
  Tenure of Office     8  
Section 3.03.
  Duties of the Chairman of the Board     8  
Section 3.04.
  Duties of the President     8  
Section 3.05.
  Duties of the Vice Presidents     9  
Section 3.06.
  Duties of the Secretary     9  
Section 3.07.
  Duties of the Treasurer     9  
Section 3.08.
  Bond     9  
 
           
ARTICLE FOUR
           
 
           
SHARES
           
 
           
Section 4.01.
  Certificates     10  

 


 

             
Section 4.02.
  Transfers     10  
Section 4.03.
  Transfer Agents and Registrars     10  
Section 4.04.
  Lost, Wrongfully Taken or Destroyed Certificates     10  
Section 4.05.
  Uncertificated Shares     11  
 
           
ARTICLE FIVE
           
 
           
INDEMNIFICATION AND INSURANCE        
 
           
Section 5.01.
  Indemnification     11  
Section 5.02.
  Court-Approved Indemnification     11  
Section 5.03.
  Indemnification for Expenses     12  
Section 5.04.
  Determination Required     12  
Section 5.05.
  Advances for Expenses     12  
Section 5.06.
  Article Five Not Exclusive     13  
Section 5.07.
  Insurance     13  
Section 5.08.
  Certain Definitions     13  
Section 5.09.
  Venue     14  
Section 5.10.
  Limitations     14  
 
           
ARTICLE SIX
           
 
           
MISCELLANEOUS
           
 
           
Section 6.01.
  Amendments     15  
Section 6.02.
  Action by Shareholders or Directors Without a Meeting     15  

ii


 

CODE OF REGULATIONS
OF
THE CORTLAND SANVINGS AND BANKING COMPANY
ARTICLE ONE
MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS
           Section 1.01. Annual Meetings . The annual meeting of the shareholders for the election of directors, for the presentation of financial statements and for the transaction of such other business as may properly come before such meeting, shall be held in April, in conjunction with the Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Cortland Bancorp, each year or on such other date as may be fixed from time to time by the directors.
           Section 1.02. Calling of Meetings . Meetings of the shareholders may be called only by the chairman of the board, the president or, in case of the president’s absence, death, or disability, the vice president authorized to exercise the authority of the president; the secretary; the directors by action at a meeting, or a majority of the directors acting without a meeting; or the individual authorized by Cortland Bancorp, the holder of 100% of all shares outstanding and entitled to vote thereat.
           Section 1.03. Place of Meetings . All meetings of the shareholders shall be held at the principal office of the bank, unless otherwise provided by action of the directors. Meetings of shareholders may be held at any place within or without the State of Ohio. If authorized by the directors, meetings of shareholders may be held solely by means of communications equipment, as permitted by law.
           Section 1.04. Notice of Meetings . (A) Written notice stating the time, place, if applicable, and purposes of a meeting of the shareholders, and the means, if applicable, by which shareholders can be present and vote at the meeting through the use of communications equipment, shall be given either by personal delivery or by mail, overnight delivery service, or any other means of communication authorized by the shareholder to whom the notice is given, not less than seven nor more than sixty days before the date of the meeting, (1) to every shareholder of record entitled to notice of the meeting, (2) by or at the direction of the president, a vice-president, the secretary or any two directors. If mailed or sent by overnight delivery service, such notice shall be sent to the shareholder at the shareholder’s address as it appears on the records of the bank. If sent by another means of communication authorized by the shareholder, the notice shall be sent to the address furnished by the shareholder for those transmissions. In the event of a transfer of shares after the record date for determining the shareholders who are entitled to receive notice of a meeting of shareholders, it shall not be necessary to give notice to the transferee. Notice of adjournment of a meeting need not be given if the time and place, if applicable, to which it is adjourned and the means, if applicable, by which shareholders can be present and vote at the meeting through the use of communications equipment are fixed and announced at the meeting.
          Nothing herein contained shall prevent the setting of a record date in the manner provided by law or the Articles for the determination of shareholders who are entitled to

 


 

receive notice of or to vote at any meeting of shareholders or for any purpose required or permitted by law.
          (B) Following receipt by the president or the secretary of a request in writing, specifying the purpose or purposes for which the persons properly making such request have called a meeting of the shareholders, delivered either in person or by registered mail to such officer by any persons entitled to call a meeting of shareholders, such officer shall cause to be given to the shareholders entitled thereto notice of a meeting to be held on a date not less than seven nor more than sixty days after the receipt of such request, as such officer may fix. If such notice is not given within thirty days after the receipt of such request by the president or the secretary, then, and only then, the persons properly calling the meeting may fix the time of meeting and give notice thereof in accordance with the provisions of these Regulations.
          (C) Any authorization by a shareholder to send notices given pursuant to this Section 1.04 by any means other than in person or by mail or overnight delivery service is revocable by written notice to the bank either by personal delivery or by mail, overnight delivery service, or any other means of communication authorized by the bank. If sent by another means of communication authorized by the bank, the notice shall be sent to the address furnished by the bank for those transmissions. Any authorization by a shareholder to send notices given pursuant to this Section 1.04 by any means other than in person or by mail or overnight delivery service will be deemed to have been revoked by the shareholder if (1) the bank has attempted to make delivery of two consecutive notices in accordance with that authorization, and (2) the secretary or an assistant secretary of the bank, or other person responsible for giving notice, has received notice that, or otherwise believes that, delivery has not occurred; provided, however, that an inadvertent failure to treat the inability to deliver notice as a revocation will not invalidate any meeting of shareholders or other action.
           Section 1.05. Waiver of Notice . Notice of the time, place, if applicable, and purpose or purposes of any meeting of shareholders may be waived in writing, either before or after the holding of such meeting, by any shareholder, which writing shall be filed with or entered upon the records of such meeting. The attendance of any shareholder, in person, by proxy or by the use of communications equipment, at any such meeting without protesting the lack of proper notice, prior to or at the commencement of the meeting, shall be deemed to be a waiver by such shareholder of notice of such meeting. A telegram, cablegram, electronic mail, or an electronic or other transmission capable of authentication that appears to have been sent by a shareholder and that contains a waiver by such shareholder is a writing for the purposes of this Section 1.05.
           Section 1.06. Quorum . At any meeting of shareholders, the holders of a majority of the voting shares of the bank then outstanding and entitled to vote thereat, present in person, by proxy or by the use of communications equipment, shall constitute a quorum for such meeting. The holders of a majority of the voting shares represented at a meeting, whether or not a quorum is present, or the chairman of the board, the president, or the officer of the bank acting as chairman of the meeting, may adjourn such meeting from time to time, and if a quorum is present at such adjourned meeting any business may be transacted as if the meeting had been held as originally called.

2


 

           Section 1.07. Votes Required . At all elections of directors of Cortland Bancorp the candidates receiving the greatest number of votes shall be elected. The directors elected to serve for Cortland Bancorp will be appointed directors for The Cortland Savings and Banking Company. Unless otherwise specifically required by law, the Articles or these Regulations, any matter submitted to the shareholders at a meeting for their vote shall be decided by a majority of the shares of the bank that are present in person, by proxy or by the use of communications equipment and constitute a quorum for such meeting.
           Section 1.08. Order of Business . The order of business at any meeting of shareholders shall be determined by the officer of the bank acting as chairman of such meeting.
           Section 1.09. Shareholders Entitled to Vote . Each shareholder of record on the books of the bank on the record date for determining the shareholders who are entitled to vote at a meeting of shareholders shall be entitled at such meeting to one vote for each share of the bank held in such shareholder’s name on the books of the bank on such record date and shall not accumulate the votes. The directors may fix a record date for the determination of the shareholders who are entitled to receive notice of and to vote at a meeting of shareholders, which record date shall not be a date earlier than the date on which the record date is fixed and which record date may be a maximum of sixty days preceding the date of the meeting of shareholders.
           Section 1.10. Proxies .
          (A) At meetings of the shareholders, any shareholder of record entitled to vote thereat may be represented and may vote by a proxy or proxies appointed by an instrument in writing signed by such shareholder or appointed by a verifiable communication authorized by such shareholder, but such instrument shall be filed with the secretary of the meeting before the person holding such proxy shall be allowed to vote thereunder.
          (B) Any transmission that creates a record capable of authentication, including, but not limited to, a telegram, cablegram, electronic mail, or an electronic, telephonic or other transmission that appears to have been transmitted by a shareholder, and that appoints a proxy is a sufficient notifiable communication to appoint a proxy. A photographic, photostatic, facsimile transmission, or equivalent reproduction of a writing that is signed by a shareholder and that appoints a proxy is a sufficient writing to appoint a proxy.
          (C) No proxy shall be valid after the expiration of eleven months after the date of its execution, unless the shareholder executing it shall have specified therein the length of time it is to continue in force.
           Section 1.11. Inspectors of Election . In advance of any meeting of shareholders of Cortland Bancorp, the directors may appoint inspectors of election to act at such meeting or any adjournment thereof; if inspectors are not so appointed, the officer of the bank acting as chairman of any such meeting may make such appointment. In case any person appointed as inspector fails to appear or act, the vacancy may be filled only by appointment made by the directors in advance of such meeting or, if not so filled, at the meeting by the officer of the bank acting as chairman of such meeting. No other person or persons may appoint or require the appointment of inspectors of election.

3


 

ARTICLE TWO
DIRECTORS
           Section 2.01. Authority and Qualifications .
          (A) Except where the law, the Articles or these Regulations otherwise provide, all authority of the bank shall be vested in and exercised by its directors. Directors need not be shareholders of the bank.
          (B) Unless otherwise permitted by law, a majority of the directors shall be outside directors; provided, that if eighty per cent or more of any class of the bank’s voting shares are owned by a company, a majority of the directors may be officers or directors of one or more affiliates (as defined in Section 1101.01(A) of the Ohio Revised Code, or any amended or successor provision thereto) of the bank. In addition, a majority of the directors shall be residents of Ohio or live within one hundred miles of Ohio. If during a term of office a director causes the total membership of the board to be in violation of this Section 2.01(B), the director forfeits the directorship, and the director’s office shall become vacant. No new director, or former director who is elected after an interruption in services, shall be elected if such election would cause the board to be in violation of this Section 2.01(B).
          (C) No person who has been convicted of, or has pleaded guilty to, a felony involving dishonesty or breach of trust shall take office as a director. If during a term of office any director is convicted of, or pleads guilty to, a felony involving dishonesty or breach of trust, the director forfeits the directorship, and the director’s office shall become vacant.
           Section 2.02. Number of Directors and Term of Office .
          (A) The number of directors of the bank shall not be less than nine. Each director shall be elected to serve until a successor is duly elected and qualified or until such director’s earlier resignation, removal from office, or death.
          (B) The number of directors may be fixed or changed at a meeting of the shareholders called for the purpose of electing directors at which a quorum is present, by the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than a majority of the voting shares which are represented at the meeting, in person, by proxy or by the use of communications equipment, and entitled to vote on such proposal; provided, that the shareholders may not reduce the number of directors to less than five.
          (C) The directors may fix or change the number of directors and may fill any director’s office that is created by an increase in the number of directors; provided, that the directors may not reduce the number of directors to less than five.
          (D) No reduction in the number of directors shall of itself have the effect of shortening the term of any incumbent director.
          (E) If, pursuant to subsection (B) or (C) above, the number of directors is fixed at or changed to six or more, the directors may by resolution provide for the classification of the directors into either two or three classes and may determine the term of office of each such

4


 

class; provided, however, that no class shall consist of fewer than three directors and no term of office shall exceed three years.
           Section 2.03. Election and Oath of Office .
          (A) Any nominee for election as a director of the bank may be proposed only by the directors or by any shareholder entitled to vote for the election of directors. No person, other than a nominee proposed by the directors, may be nominated for election as a director of the bank unless such person shall have been proposed in a written notice, delivered or mailed by first-class United States mail, postage prepaid, to the secretary of the bank at the principal offices of the bank. In the case of a nominee proposed for election as a director at an annual meeting of shareholders, such written notice of a proposed nominee shall be received by the secretary of the bank not later than the close of business on the fourteenth calendar day preceding such annual meeting. In the case of a nominee proposed for election as a director at a special meeting of shareholders at which directors are to be elected, such written notice of a proposed nominee shall be received by the secretary of the bank not later than the close of business on the fourteenth calendar day preceding such special meeting.
          Each such written notice of a proposed nominee shall set forth (i) the name, age, business or residence address of each nominee proposed in such notice, (ii) the principal occupation or employment of each such nominee, and (iii) the number of common shares of the bank owned beneficially and/or of record by each such nominee and the length of time any such shares have been so owned.
          (B) If a shareholder shall attempt to nominate one or more persons for election as a director at any meeting at which directors are to be elected without having identified each such person in a written notice given as contemplated by, and/or without having provided therein the information specified in, subparagraph (A) of this Section 2.03, each such attempted nomination shall be invalid and shall be disregarded unless the person acting as chairman of the meeting determines that the facts warrant the acceptance of such nomination.
          (C) At each annual meeting of shareholders for the election of directors, the successors to the directors whose term shall expire in that year shall be elected, but if the annual meeting is not held or if one or more of such directors are not elected thereat, they may be elected at a special meeting called for that purpose. The election of directors shall be by ballot whenever requested by the presiding officer of the meeting or by the holders of a majority of the voting shares outstanding, entitled to vote at such meeting and present in person, by proxy or by the use of communications equipment, but unless such request is made, the election shall be viva voce.
          (D) To qualify as a director, each person elected shall, within sixty days after election, take and subscribe an oath to diligently and honestly perform the duties of a director and to not knowingly violate or permit to be violated any applicable federal or state banking law. Promptly upon execution, and within sixty days of the person’s election, the oath shall be filed with the secretary of the bank.

5


 

           Section 2.04. Removal . A director or directors may be removed from office, with or without assigning any cause, by the vote of the holders of shares entitling them to exercise not less than 75% of the voting power of the bank to elect directors in place of those to be removed. In case of any such removal, a new director may be elected at the same meeting for the unexpired term of each director removed. Failure to elect a director to fill the unexpired term of any director removed shall be deemed to create a vacancy in the board.
          The directors or superintendent of financial institutions may remove a director from office if (1) the director has filed for relief or is a debtor in a case filed under Title XI of the United States Code, or (2) a court has determined that such director is incompetent.
           Section 2.05. Vacancies . If a vacancy on the board exists due to resignation, death, removal or otherwise, the remaining directors, though less than a majority of the whole authorized number of directors, may, by the vote of a majority of their number, fill such vacancy for the unexpired term. A resignation takes effect immediately unless the director specifies another time.
           Section 2.06. Meetings .
          (A) A meeting of the directors shall be held immediately following the adjournment of each annual meeting of shareholders at which directors are elected, and notice of such meeting need not be given. The directors also shall hold regular meetings, not less frequently than quarterly, at such time as the directors fix or determine by resolution. The directors may hold such other meetings as may be called from time to time by the chairman of the board, the president, or any two directors.
          (B) All meetings of directors shall be held at the principal office of the bank or at such other place within or without the State of Ohio, as the directors may from time to time determine by a resolution. Meetings of the directors may be held through any communications equipment if all persons participating can communicate with each other and participation in a meeting pursuant to this provision shall constitute presence at such meeting.
           Section 2.07. Notice of Meetings . Notice of the time and place, if applicable, of each meeting of directors for which notice is required by law, the Articles, these Regulations or the bylaws, if any, shall be given to each of the directors by at least one of the following methods:
  (A)   In a writing mailed not less than three days before such meeting and addressed to the residence or usual place of business of a director, as such address appears on the records of the bank;
 
  (B)   In a writing sent by overnight delivery service not less than two days before such meeting and addressed to the residence or usual place of business of a director, as such address appears on the records of the bank;

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  (C)   By telegraph, cable, radio, wireless, or any other means of communication authorized by the director to the address furnished by the director for those transmissions, not later than the day before the date on which such meeting is to be held; or
 
  (D)   Personally or by telephone not later than the day before the date on which such meeting is to be held.
Notice given to a director by any one of the methods specified in these Regulations shall be sufficient, and the method of giving notice to all directors need not be uniform. Notice of any meeting of directors may be given only by the chairman of the board, the president or the secretary of the bank. Any such notice need not specify the purpose or purposes of the meeting. Notice of adjournment of a meeting of directors need not be given if the time and place to which it is adjourned are fixed and announced at such meeting.
           Section 2.08. Waiver of Notice . Notice of any meeting of directors may be waived in writing, either before or after the holding of such meeting, by any director, which writing shall be filed with or entered upon the records of the meeting. The attendance of any director, in person or by the use of communications equipment, at any meeting of directors without protesting, prior to or at the commencement of the meeting, the lack of proper notice, shall be deemed to be a waiver by such director of notice of such meeting. A telegram, cablegram, electronic mail, or an electronic or other transmission capable of authentication that appears to have been sent by a director and that contains a waiver by such director is a writing for the purposes of this Section 2.08.
           Section 2.09. Quorum . A majority of the whole authorized number of directors shall be necessary to constitute a quorum for a meeting of directors, except that a majority of the directors in office shall constitute a quorum for filling a vacancy in the board. The act of a majority of the directors present in person or by the use of communications equipment at a meeting at which a quorum is present in person or by the use of communications equipment is the act of the board, except as otherwise provided by law, the Articles or these Regulations.
           Section 2.10. Executive Committee . The directors may create an executive committee or any other committee of directors, to consist of not less than three directors, and may authorize the delegation to such executive committee or other committees of any of the authority of the directors, however conferred, other than that of filling vacancies among the directors or in the executive committee or in any other committee of the directors.
          Such executive committee or any other committee of directors shall serve at the pleasure of the directors, shall act only in the intervals between meetings of the directors, and shall be subject to the control and direction of the directors. Such executive committee or other committee of directors may act by a majority of its members at a meeting or by a writing or writings signed by all of its members. A telegram, cablegram, electronic mail, or an electronic or other transmission capable of authentication that appears to have been sent by a director is a writing for the purposes of this Section 2.10.

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          Any act or authorization of any act by the executive committee or any other committee within the authority delegated to it shall be as effective for all purposes as the act or authorization of the directors. No notice of a meeting of the executive committee or of any other committee of directors shall be required. A meeting of the executive committee or of any other committee of directors may be called only by the president or by a member of such executive or other committee of directors. Meetings of the executive committee or of any other committee of directors may be held through any communications equipment if all persons participating can communicate with each other and participation in such a meeting shall constitute presence thereat.
           Section 2.11. Compensation . Directors shall be entitled to receive as compensation for services rendered and expenses incurred as directors, such amounts as the directors may determine.
           Section 2.12. By-Laws . The directors may adopt, and amend from time to time, bylaws for their own government, which bylaws shall not be inconsistent with the law, the Articles or these Regulations.
ARTICLE THREE
OFFICERS
           Section 3.01. Officers . The officers of the bank to be elected by the directors shall include (1) a president, (2) a secretary and (3) a treasurer or, in lieu of a treasurer, a cashier, a controller, a comptroller or other officer whose authority and duties the superintendent of financial institutions has determined to be essentially equivalent to that of a treasurer. If desired, the directors also may elect one or more vice presidents and such other officers and assistant officers as the directors may from time to time elect. The directors may elect a chairman of the board, who must be a director. Officers need not be shareholders of the bank, and may be paid such compensation as the board of directors may determine. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person, but no officer shall execute, acknowledge, or verify any instrument in more than one capacity if such instrument is required by law, the Articles or these Regulations to be executed, acknowledged, or verified by two or more officers.
           Section 3.02. Tenure of Office . The officers of the bank shall hold office at the pleasure of the directors. Any officer of the bank may be removed, either with or without cause, at any time, by the affirmative vote of a majority of all the directors then in office; such removal, however, shall be without prejudice to the contract rights, if any, of the person so removed.
           Section 3.03. Duties of the Chairman of the Board . The chairman of the board, if any, shall preside at all meetings of the directors. The chairman shall have such other powers and duties as the directors shall from time to time assign.
           Section 3.04. Duties of the President . The president also may be the chief executive officer of the bank and shall exercise supervision over the business of the bank and shall have, among such additional powers and duties as the directors may from time to time

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assign, the power and authority to sign all certificates evidencing shares of the bank and all deeds, mortgages, bonds, contracts, notes and other instruments requiring the signature of the president of the bank. It shall be the duty of the president to preside at all meetings of shareholders.
           Section 3.05. Duties of the Vice Presidents . In the absence of the president or in the event of the president’s inability or refusal to act, the vice president, if any (or in the event there be more than one vice president, the vice presidents in the order designated, or in the absence of any designation, then in the order of their election), shall perform the duties of the president, and when so acting, shall have all the powers of and be subject to all restrictions upon the president. The vice presidents shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the directors or the president may from time to time prescribe.
           Section 3.06. Duties of the Secretary . It shall be the duty of the secretary, or of an assistant secretary, if any, in case of the absence or inability to act of the secretary, to keep minutes of all the proceedings of the shareholders and the directors and to make a proper record of the same; to perform such other duties as may be required by law, the Articles or these Regulations; to perform such other and further duties as may from time to time be assigned to the secretary by the directors or the president; and to deliver all books, paper and property of the bank in the secretary’s possession to the successor, or to the president.
           Section 3.07. Duties of the Treasurer . The treasurer, or an assistant treasurer, if any, in case of the absence or inability to act of the treasurer, shall receive and safely keep all funds, securities and properties belonging to the bank, and shall do with or disburse the same as directed by the president or the directors; shall keep an accurate account of the finances of the bank; shall, upon the expiration of the term of office, deliver all money and other property of the bank in the treasurer’s possession or custody to the successor treasurer or the president; and shall perform such other duties as from time to time may be assigned by the directors or the president.
          If the bank, in lieu of a treasurer, has a cashier, controller, comptroller or other officer whose authority and duties have been determined by the superintendent of financial institutions to be essentially equivalent to that of a treasurer, then such officer shall have each of the powers, and shall exercise each of the duties, set forth in this Section 3.07.
           Section 3.08. Bond . Each officer, prior to the discharge of the officer’s duties, shall be covered by an individual, schedule, or blanket fidelity bond in favor of the bank, with terms and issuing insurer approved by the directors. The amount of the bond shall be set by the directors and shall be reasonable given the size and nature of the business of the bank.

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ARTICLE FOUR
SHARES
           Section 4.01. Certificates . Certificates evidencing ownership of shares of the bank shall be issued to those entitled to them. Each certificate evidencing shares of the bank shall bear a distinguishing number; the signatures of the chairman of the board, the president, or a vice president, and of the secretary, an assistant secretary, the treasurer, or an assistant treasurer (except that when any such certificate is countersigned by an incorporated transfer agent or registrar, such signatures may be facsimile, engraved, stamped or printed); and such recitals as may be required by law. Certificates evidencing shares of the bank shall be of such tenor and design as the directors may from time to time adopt and may bear such recitals as are permitted by law.
           Section 4.02. Transfers . Where a certificate evidencing a share or shares of the bank is presented to the bank or its proper agents with a request to register transfer, the transfer shall be registered as requested if:
          (1) An appropriate person signs on each certificate so presented or signs on a separate document an assignment or transfer of shares evidenced by each such certificate, or signs a power to assign or transfer such shares, or when the signature of an appropriate person is written without more on the back of each such certificate;
          (2) Reasonable assurance is given that the endorsement of each appropriate person is genuine and effective; the bank or its agents may refuse to register a transfer of shares unless the signature of each appropriate person is guaranteed by an “eligible guarantor institution” as defined in Rule 17Ad-15 under the Securities Act of 1934 or any successor rule or regulation;
          (3) All applicable laws relating to the collection of transfer or other taxes have been complied with; and
          (4) The bank or its agents are not otherwise required or permitted to refuse to register such transfer.
           Section 4.03. Transfer Agents and Registrars . The directors may appoint one or more agents to transfer or to register shares of the bank, or both.
           Section 4.04. Lost, Wrongfully Taken or Destroyed Certificates . Except as otherwise provided by law, where the owner of a certificate evidencing shares of the bank claims that such certificate has been lost, destroyed or wrongfully taken, the directors must cause the bank to issue a new certificate in place of the original certificate if the owner:
          (1) So requests before the bank has notice that such original certificate has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser;
          (2) Files with the bank, unless waived by the directors, an indemnity bond, with surety or sureties satisfactory to the bank, in such sums as the directors may, in their

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discretion, deem reasonably sufficient as indemnity against any loss or liability that the bank may incur by reason of the issuance of each such new certificate; and
          (3) Satisfies any other reasonable requirements which may be imposed by the directors, in their discretion.
           Section 4.05. Uncertificated Shares . Anything contained in this Article Four to the contrary notwithstanding, the directors may provide by resolution that some or all of any or all classes and series of shares of the bank shall be uncertificated shares, provided that such resolution shall not apply to (A) shares of the bank represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the bank in accordance with applicable provisions of Ohio law or (B) any certificated security of the bank issued in exchange for an uncertificated security in accordance with applicable provisions of Ohio law. The rights and obligations of the holders of uncertificated shares and the rights and obligations of the holders of certificates representing shares of the same class and series shall be identical, except as otherwise expressly provided by law.
ARTICLE FIVE
INDEMNIFICATION AND INSURANCE
      Section 5.01. Indemnification. The bank shall indemnify any officer or director of the bank who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (including, without limitation, any action threatened or instituted by or in the right of the bank), by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the bank or of a subsidiary of the bank, or is or was serving at the request of the bank as a director, trustee, officer, employee or agent of another corporation (domestic or foreign, nonprofit or for profit), partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including, without limitation, attorneys’ fees, filing fees, court reporters’ fees and transcript costs), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if he or she acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the bank, and with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, he or she had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful. A person claiming indemnification under this Section 5.01 shall be presumed, in respect of any act or omission giving rise to such claim for indemnification, to have acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the bank, and with respect to any criminal matter, to have had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful, and the termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement or conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, rebut such presumption.
      Section 5.02. Court-Approved Indemnification . Anything contained in the Regulations or elsewhere to the contrary notwithstanding:
          (A) the bank shall not indemnify any officer or director of the bank who was a party to any completed action or suit instituted by or in the right of the bank to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director, officer, employee

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or agent of the bank, or is or was serving at the request of the bank as a director, trustee, officer, employee or agent of another corporation (domestic or foreign, nonprofit or for profit), partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, in respect of any claim, issue or matter asserted in such action or suit as to which he or she shall have been adjudged to be liable for gross negligence or misconduct (other than negligence) in the performance of his or her duty to the bank unless and only to the extent that the Court of Common Pleas of Trumbull County, Ohio or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite such adjudication of liability, and in view of all the circumstances of the case, he is fairly and reasonably entitled to such indemnity as such Court of Common Pleas of Trumbull County, Ohio or such other court shall deem proper; and
          (B) the bank shall promptly make any such unpaid indemnification as is determined by a court to be proper as contemplated by this Section 5.02.
      Section 5.03. Indemnification for Expenses . Anything contained in the Regulations or elsewhere to the contrary notwithstanding, to the extent that an officer or director of the bank has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or proceeding referred to in Section 5.01, or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, he shall be promptly indemnified by the bank against expenses (including, without limitation, attorneys’ fees, filing fees, court reporters’ fees and transcript costs) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection therewith.
      Section 5.04. Determination Required . Any indemnification required under Section 5.01 and not precluded under Section 5.02 shall be made by the bank only upon a determination that such indemnification of the officer or director is proper in the circumstances because such officer or director has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Section 5.01. Such determination may be made only (A) by a majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors of the bank who were not and are not parties to any such action, suit or proceeding, or (B) if such a quorum is not obtainable or if a majority of a quorum of disinterested directors so directs, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion, or (C) by the shareholders, or (D) by the Court of Common Pleas of Trumbull County, Ohio or (if the bank is a party thereto) the court in which such action, suit or proceeding was brought, if any; any such determination may be made by a court under division (D) of this Section 5.04 at any time [including, without limitation, any time before, during or after the time when any such determination may be requested of, be under consideration by or have been denied or disregarded by the disinterested directors under division (A) or by independent legal counsel under division (B) or by the shareholders under division (C) of this Section 5.04]; and no failure for any reason to make any such determination, and no decision for any reason to deny any such determination, by the disinterested directors under division (A) or by independent legal counsel under division (B) or by shareholders under division (C) of this Section 5.04 shall be evidence in rebuttal of the presumption recited in Section 5.01.
      Section 5.05. Advances for Expenses . Expenses (including, without limitation, attorneys’ fees, filing fees, court reporters’ fees and transcript costs) incurred in defending any action, suit or proceeding referred to in Section 5.01 shall be paid by the bank in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding to or on behalf of the officer or director promptly as such expenses are incurred by him or her, but only if such officer or director shall

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first agree, in writing, to repay all amounts so paid in respect of any claim, issue or other matter asserted in such action, suit or proceeding in defense of which he shall not have been successful on the merits or otherwise:
          (A) if it shall ultimately be determined as provided in Section 5.04 that such person is not entitled to be indemnified by the bank as provided under Section 5.01; or
          (B) if, in respect of any claim, issue or other matter asserted by or in the right of the bank in such action or suit, such person shall have been adjudged to be liable for gross negligence or misconduct (other than negligence) in the performance of his or her duty to the bank, unless and only to the extent that the Court of Common Pleas of Trumbull County, Ohio or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite such adjudication of liability, and in view of all the circumstances, he or she is fairly and reasonably entitled to all or part of such indemnification.
      Section 5.06. Article Five Not Exclusive . The indemnification provided by this Article Five shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which any person seeking indemnification may be entitled under the Articles or any Regulation, agreement, vote of shareholders or disinterested directors, or otherwise, both as to action in his or her official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office, and shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be an officer or director of the bank and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors, and administrators of such a person.
      Section 5.07. Insurance . The bank may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the bank, or is or was serving at the request of the bank as a director, trustee, officer, employee, or agent of another bank (domestic or foreign, nonprofit or for profit), partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by such person in any such capacity, or arising out of his or her status as such, whether or not the bank would have the obligation or the power to indemnify such person against such liability under the provisions of this Article Five.
      Section 5.08. Certain Definitions . For purposes of this Article Five, and as examples and not by way of limitation:
          (A) a person claiming indemnification under this Article Five shall be deemed to have been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or proceeding referred to in Section 5.01, or in defense of any claim, issue or other matter therein, if such action, suit or proceeding shall be terminated as to such person, with or without prejudice, without the entry of a judgment or order against him or her, without a conviction, without the imposition of a fine and without his or her payment or agreement to pay any amount in settlement thereof (whether or not any such termination is based upon a judicial or other determination of the lack of merit of the claims made against him or otherwise results in a vindication of such person); and
          (B) references to an “other enterprise” shall include employee benefit plans; references to a “fine” shall include any excise taxes assessed on a person with respect to an

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employee benefit plan; references to “serving at the request of the bank” shall include any service as a director, officer, employee or agent of the bank which imposes duties on, or involves services by, such director, officer, employee or agent with respect to an employee benefit plan, its participants or beneficiaries; and references to “a subsidiary of the bank” shall include another bank if securities representing at least a majority of the voting power of such other bank are owned by the bank; and a person who acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in the best interests of the participants and beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan shall be deemed to have acted in a manner “not opposed to the best interests of the bank” within the meaning of that term as used in this Article Five.
      Section 5.09. Venue . Any action, suit or proceeding to determine a claim for indemnification under this Article Five may be maintained by the person claiming such indemnification, or by the bank, in the Court of Common Pleas of Trumbull County, Ohio. The bank and (by claiming such indemnification) each such person consent to the exercise of jurisdiction over its or his person by the Court of Common Pleas of Trumbull County, Ohio in any such action, suit or proceeding.
      Section 5.10 Limitations . Notwithstanding anything in this Article Five to the contrary, the bank shall not indemnify any of its officers, employees, or directors for any of the following: personal liability for damages to the bank, its shareholders, or other persons pursuant to Section 1105.11 of the Ohio Revised Code for knowingly violating or knowingly permitting any of the bank’s officers, agents, or employees to violate any provision of Chapters 1101. to 1127. of the Ohio Revised Code or damages pursuant to any successor law or other similar law of this state, any other state, or the United States; civil penalties assessed against the officer, employee, or director personally by the Superintendent of Financial Institutions or other regulatory authority of this state, any other state, or the United States having jurisdiction over the bank or any of its business; restitution pursuant to a cease and desist or similar order or supervisory action that is issued by the Superintendent of Financial Institutions or other regulatory authority of this state, any other state, or the United States having jurisdiction over the bank or any of its business; or the cost of defense against any action resulting in damages, civil penalties, or restitution for which there can be no indemnification under this provision or resulting in any formal or informal supervisory action against the officer, employee, or director personally that is issued by the Superintendent of Financial Institutions or other regulatory authority of this state, another state, or the United States having jurisdiction over the bank or any of its business.

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ARTICLE SIX
MISCELLANEOUS
           Section 6.01. Amendments . These Regulations may be amended, or new regulations may be adopted, at a meeting of shareholders held for such purpose, only by the affirmative vote of the holders of shares entitling them to exercise not less than a majority of the voting power of the bank on such proposal, or without a meeting (without regard to whether the shareholders have been provided a copy of the proposed amendments or new code of regulations at least ten days prior to the last day the shareholders could consent to or deny consent to the proposed amendments or new code of regulations) by the written consent of the holders of shares entitling them to exercise not less than a majority of the voting power of the bank on such proposal.
          If the code of regulations is amended or a new code of regulations is adopted without a meeting of the shareholders, the secretary shall mail a copy of the amendment or the new code of regulations, or notice of the adoption of the amendment or new code of regulations, to each shareholder who would have been entitled to vote on the amendment or adoption.
           Section 6.02. Action by Shareholders or Directors Without a Meeting . Anything contained in the Regulations to the contrary notwithstanding, except as provided in Section 6.01, any action which may be authorized or taken at a meeting of the shareholders or of the directors or of a committee of the directors, as the case may be, may be authorized or taken without a meeting with the affirmative vote or approval of, and in a writing or writings signed by, all the shareholders who would be entitled to notice of a meeting of the shareholders held for such purpose, or all the directors, or all the members of such committee of the directors, respectively, which writings shall be filed with or entered upon the records of the bank. A telegram, cablegram, electronic mail, or an electronic or other transmission capable of authentication that appears to have been sent by a shareholder or a director, as the case may be, and that contains an affirmative vote or approval of such shareholder or director is a writing for the purposes of this Section 6.02. The date on which that telegram, cablegram electronic mail, or electronic or other transmission is sent is the date on which the writing is signed.


 

CERTIFIED RESOLUTION
OF
THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
     The undersigned Secretary of The Cortland Savings and Banking Company, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of Ohio, do hereby certify that a meeting of the of the Board of Directors of said Company, held at Cortland, Ohio, on the 23 rd day of January at which meeting a quorum was present, the following resolution was authorized and duly adopted, and is in full force and effect, to wit:
RESOLVED: The Code of Regulations of The Cortland Savings and Banking Company, effective as of the date of acceptance, presented to this meeting is hereby approved and adopted.
     In witness whereof, I have set my hand and seal as of this 23 day of January, 2007.
         
 
 
 
James M. Gasior, Corporate Secretary
   


 

CERTIFIED RESOLUTION
OF
THE SOLE SHAREHOLDER
     I, the undersigned, K. Ray Mahan, Chairman of the Board of Directors Cortland Bancorp, which is the sole shareholder of The Cortland Savings and Banking Company, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of Ohio, do hereby certify that a meeting of the of the Board of Directors of Cortland Bancorp, held at Cortland, Ohio, on the 23 rd day of January at which meeting a quorum was present, the following resolution was authorized, adopted, and recorded according to the Amended Articles of said Cortland Bancorp and is in full force and effect, to wit:
RESOLVED: The Code of Regulations of The Cortland Savings and Banking Company, effective as of the date of acceptance, presented to this meeting is hereby approved and adopted.
     In witness whereof, I have set my hand and seal as of this 23 day of January, 2007.
         
 
 
 
K. Ray Mahan, Chairman
   

 

Exhibit 10.12
FIRST AMENDMENT
TO THE
CORTLAND BANCORP.
SPLIT DOLLAR AGREEMENT
DATED FEBRUARY 23, 2001
      THIS FIRST AMENDMENT is adopted this                       day of                                              , 20                       , by and between CORTLAND BANCORP., a holding company located in Cortland, Ohio (the “Company”) and David Cole (the “Director”).
     On February 23, 2001, the Company and the Director executed the Split Dollar Agreement (the “Agreement”).
     According to the terms of Article 7, the undersigned hereby amend, in part, said Agreement for the purpose of updating (1) the definition of Insurer and (2) the definition of Policy. Therefore,
      Section 1.1 of the Agreement shall be deleted in its entirety and replaced by the new Section 1.1 as follows:
1.1   Insurer ” means each life insurance carrier for which there is a Split Dollar Policy Endorsement for this Agreement.
      Section 1.2 of the Agreement shall be deleted in its entirety and replaced by the new Section 1.2 as follows:
1.2   Policy ” means the specific life insurance policy or policies issued by the Insurer(s).
      IN WITNESS OF THE ABOVE , the Company and Director hereby consent to this First Amendment.
                 
DIRECTOR:       CORTLAND BANCORP.    
 
               
 
      By:        
 
DAVID COLE
      Title:  
 
   
 
         
 
   

 


 

FIRST AMENDMENT
TO THE
CORTLAND BANCORP.
SPLIT DOLLAR AGREEMENT
DATED FEBRUARY 23, 2001
     THIS FIRST AMENDMENT is adopted this                      day of                                           , 20                      , by and between CORTLAND BANCORP., a holding company located in Cortland, Ohio (the “Company”) and Timothy Woofter (the “Director”).
     On February 23, 2001, the Company and the Director executed the Split Dollar Agreement (the “Agreement”).
     According to the terms of Article 7, the undersigned hereby amend, in part, said Agreement for the purpose of updating (1) the definition of Insurer and (2) the definition of Policy. Therefore,
      Section 1.1 of the Agreement shall be deleted in its entirety and replaced by the new Section 1.1 as follows:
1.1   Insurer ” means each life insurance carrier for which there is a Split Dollar Policy Endorsement for this Agreement.
      Section 1.2 of the Agreement shall be deleted in its entirety and replaced by the new Section 1.2 as follows:
1.2   Policy ” means the specific life insurance policy or policies issued by the Insurer(s).
      IN WITNESS OF THE ABOVE , the Company and Director hereby consent to this First Amendment.
                 
DIRECTOR:       CORTLAND BANCORP.    
 
               
 
      By:        
 
TIMOTHY WOOFTER
      Title:  
 
   
 
         
 
   

 


 

FIRST AMENDMENT
TO THE
CORTLAND BANCORP.
SPLIT DOLLAR AGREEMENT
DATED OCTOBER 1, 2001
     THIS FIRST AMENDMENT is adopted this                      day of                                            , 20                      , by and between CORTLAND BANCORP., a holding company located in Cortland, Ohio (the “Company”) and Richard Thompson (the “Director”).
     On October 1, 2001, the Company and the Director executed the Split Dollar Agreement (the “Agreement”).
     According to the terms of Article 7, the undersigned hereby amend, in part, said Agreement for the purpose of updating (1) the definition of Insurer and (2) the definition of Policy. Therefore,
      Section 1.1 of the Agreement shall be deleted in its entirety and replaced by the new Section 1.1 as follows:
1.1   Insurer ” means each life insurance carrier for which there is a Split Dollar Policy Endorsement for this Agreement.
      Section 1.2 of the Agreement shall be deleted in its entirety and replaced by the new Section 1.2 as follows:
1.2   Policy ” means the specific life insurance policy or policies issued by the Insurer(s).
      IN WITNESS OF THE ABOVE , the Company and Director hereby consent to this First Amendment.
                 
DIRECTOR:       CORTLAND BANCORP.    
 
               
 
      By:        
 
RICHARD THOMPSON
      Title:  
 
   
 
         
 
   

 


 

FIRST AMENDMENT
TO THE
CORTLAND BANCORP.
SPLIT DOLLAR AGREEMENT
DATED FEBRUARY 23, 2001
     THIS FIRST AMENDMENT is adopted this                      day of                                          , 20                      , by and between CORTLAND BANCORP., a holding company located in Cortland, Ohio (the “Company”) and Karl Mahan (the “Director”).
     On February 23, 2001, the Company and the Director executed the Split Dollar Agreement (the “Agreement”).
     According to the terms of Article 7, the undersigned hereby amend, in part, said Agreement for the purpose of updating (1) the definition of Insurer and (2) the definition of Policy. Therefore,
      Section 1.1 of the Agreement shall be deleted in its entirety and replaced by the new Section 1.1 as follows:
1.1   Insurer ” means each life insurance carrier for which there is a Split Dollar Policy Endorsement for this Agreement.
      Section 1.2 of the Agreement shall be deleted in its entirety and replaced by the new Section 1.2 as follows:
1.2   Policy ” means the specific life insurance policy or policies issued by the Insurer(s).
      IN WITNESS OF THE ABOVE , the Company and Director hereby consent to this First Amendment.
                 
DIRECTOR:       CORTLAND BANCORP.    
 
               
 
      By:        
 
KARL MAHAN
      Title:  
 
   
 
         
 
   

 


 

FIRST AMENDMENT
TO THE
CORTLAND BANCORP.
SPLIT DOLLAR AGREEMENT
DATED FEBRUARY 23, 2001
     THIS FIRST AMENDMENT is adopted this                      day of                                            , 20                      , by and between CORTLAND BANCORP., a holding company located in Cortland, Ohio (the “Company”) and James Hoffman III (the “Director”).
     On February 23, 2001, the Company and the Director executed the Split Dollar Agreement (the “Agreement”).
     According to the terms of Article 7, the undersigned hereby amend, in part, said Agreement for the purpose of updating (1) the definition of Insurer and (2) the definition of Policy. Therefore,
      Section 1.1 of the Agreement shall be deleted in its entirety and replaced by the new Section 1.1 as follows:
1.1   Insurer ” means each life insurance carrier for which there is a Split Dollar Policy Endorsement for this Agreement.
      Section 1.2 of the Agreement shall be deleted in its entirety and replaced by the new Section 1.2 as follows:
1.2   Policy ” means the specific life insurance policy or policies issued by the Insurer(s).
      IN WITNESS OF THE ABOVE , the Company and Director hereby consent to this First Amendment.
                 
DIRECTOR:       CORTLAND BANCORP.    
 
               
 
      By:        
 
JAMES HOFFMAN III
      Title:  
 
   
 
         
 
   

 


 

FIRST AMENDMENT
TO THE
CORTLAND BANCORP.
SPLIT DOLLAR AGREEMENT
DATED FEBRUARY 23, 2001
     THIS FIRST AMENDMENT is adopted this                      day of                                            , 20                      , by and between CORTLAND BANCORP., a holding company located in Cortland, Ohio (the “Company”) and George Gessner (the “Director”).
     On February 23, 2001, the Company and the Director executed the Split Dollar Agreement (the “Agreement”).
     According to the terms of Article 7, the undersigned hereby amend, in part, said Agreement for the purpose of updating (1) the definition of Insurer and (2) the definition of Policy. Therefore,
      Section 1.1 of the Agreement shall be deleted in its entirety and replaced by the new Section 1.1 as follows:
1.1   Insurer ” means each life insurance carrier for which there is a Split Dollar Policy Endorsement for this Agreement.
      Section 1.2 of the Agreement shall be deleted in its entirety and replaced by the new Section 1.2 as follows:
1.2   Policy ” means the specific life insurance policy or policies issued by the Insurer(s).
      IN WITNESS OF THE ABOVE , the Company and Director hereby consent to this First Amendment.
                 
DIRECTOR:       CORTLAND BANCORP.    
 
               
 
      By:        
 
GEORGE GESSNER
      Title:  
 
   
 
         
 
   

 

 

Exhibit 10.27
FIRST AMENDMENT
TO THE
CORTLAND SAVINGS & BANKING COMPANY
AMENDED SPLIT DOLLAR AGREEMENT
DATED SEPTEMBER 9, 2002
     THIS AMENDMENT is adopted this 11th day of December, 2006, by and between THE CORTLAND SAVINGS & BANKING COMPANY, a state-chartered commercial bank located in Cortland, Ohio (the “Bank”) and Marlene Lenio (the “Executive”).
     On September 9, 2002, the Bank and the Executive executed the Amended Split Dollar Agreement (the “Agreement”).
     According to the terms of Article 7, the undersigned hereby amend, in part, said Agreement for the purpose of updating (1) the definition of Insurer and (2) the definition of Policy. Therefore,
      Section 1.1 of the Agreement shall be deleted in its entirety and replaced by the new Section 1.1 as follows:
1.1   Insurer” means each life insurance carrier for which there is a Split Dollar Policy Endorsement for this Agreement.
      Section 1.2 of the Agreement shall be deleted in its entirety and replaced by the new Section 1.2 as follows:
1.2   “Policy” means the specific life insurance policy or policies issued by the Insurer(s).
      IN WITNESS OF THE ABOVE, the Company and Executive hereby consent to this First Amendment.
                 
EXECUTIVE:   THE CORTLAND SAVINGS & BANK COMPANY    
 
               
 
      By:        
 
MARLENE LENIO
         
 
Stephen A. Telego, Sr.
   
        Title: Senior Vice President,
Chief of Corporate Administration
   

 

 

 
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS
 
CORTLAND BANCORP
Cortland Bancorp (the “Company”) was incorporated under the laws of the State of Ohio in 1984, as a one bank holding company registered under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended. On March 13, 2000, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve system approved the Company’s application to become a financial holding company as authorized by the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999. The principal activity of the Company is to own, manage and supervise the Cortland Savings and Banking Company (“Cortland Banks” or the “Bank”). The Company owns all of the outstanding shares of the Bank.
The Company is subject to supervision and regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve Board”). As a financial holding company, the Company may engage in activities that are financial in nature or incidental to a financial activity, as authorized by the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 (The Financial Services Reform Act). Under the Financial Services Reform Act, the Company may continue to claim the benefits of financial holding company status as long as each depository institution that it controls remains well capitalized and well managed. The Company is required to provide notice to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System when it becomes aware that any depository institution controlled by the Company ceases to be well capitalized or well managed. Furthermore, current regulation specifies that prior to initiating or engaging in any new activities that are authorized for financial holding companies, the Company’s insured depository institutions must be rated “satisfactory” or better under the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA). As of December 31, 2006, the Company’s bank subsidiary was rated “satisfactory” for CRA purposes, and remained well capitalized and, in management’s opinion, well managed. Cortland Bancorp owns no property. Operations are conducted at 194 West Main Street, Cortland, Ohio.
The business of the Company and the Bank is not seasonal to any significant extent and is not dependent on any single customer or group of customers.
NEW RESOURCES LEASING COMPANY
New Resources Leasing Company was formed in December 1988 as a separate entity to handle the function of commercial and consumer leasing. The wholly owned subsidiary has been inactive since incorporation.
THE CORTLAND SAVINGS
AND BANKING COMPANY
The Cortland Savings and Banking Company is a full service state chartered bank engaged in commercial and retail banking and trust services. The Bank’s services include checking accounts, savings accounts, time deposit accounts, commercial, mortgage and installment loans, night depository, automated teller services, safe deposit boxes and other miscellaneous services normally offered by commercial banks. Cortland Banks also offers a variety of Internet Banking products as well as discount brokerage services.
Business is conducted at a total of thirteen offices, eight of which are located in Trumbull County, Ohio. Two offices are located in the communities of Windham and Mantua, in Portage County, Ohio. One office is located in the community of Williamsfield, Ashtabula County, Ohio, while two are located in the community of Boardman, Mahoning County, Ohio.
Cortland Bank’s main office (as described in its charter) is located at 194 West Main Street, Cortland, Ohio. Administrative offices are located at the main office. The Brookfield, Windham, Hubbard, Niles Park Plaza and both Boardman offices are leased, while all of the other offices are owned by Cortland Banks.
The Bank, as a state chartered banking organization and member of the Federal Reserve System, is subject to periodic examination and regulation by both the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland and the State of Ohio Division of Financial Institutions. These examinations, which include such areas as capital, liquidity, asset quality, management practices and other aspects of the Bank’s operations, are primarily for the protection of the Bank’s depositors. In addition to these regular examinations, the Bank must furnish periodic reports to regulatory authorities containing a full and accurate statement of its affairs. The Bank’s deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) up to the statutory limit of $100,000 per customer. Individual Retirement Account deposits are insured by the FDIC to $250,000 per customer.
COMPETITION
Cortland Banks actively competes with state and national banks located in Northeast Ohio and Western Pennsylvania. It also competes for deposits, loans and other service business with a large number of other financial institutions, such as savings and loan associations, credit unions, insurance companies, consumer finance companies and commercial finance companies. Also, money market mutual funds, brokerage houses and similar institutions provide in a relatively unregulated environment many of the financial services offered by banks. In the opinion of management, the principal methods of competition are the rates of interest charged on loans, the rates of interest paid on deposit funds, the fees charged for services, and the convenience, availability, timeliness and quality of the customer services offered.
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 2006 the Company through its subsidiary bank, employed 144 full-time and 41 part-time employees. The Company provides its employees with a full range of benefit plans, and considers its relations with its employees to be satisfactory.
 
4  


 

(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
REPORT ON MANAGEMENT’S ASSESSMENT OF
INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
 
Cortland Bancorp is responsible for the preparation, integrity, and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements included in this annual report. The consolidated financial statements and notes included in this annual report have been prepared in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles and necessarily include some amounts that are based on management’s best estimates and judgments.
We, as management of Cortland Bancorp, are responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting that is designed to produce reliable financial statements in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles. The system of internal control over financial reporting as it relates to the financial statements is evaluated for effectiveness by management and tested for reliability through a program of internal audits. Actions are taken to correct potential deficiencies as they are identified. Any system of internal control, no matter how well designed, has inherent limitations, including the possibility that a control can be circumvented or overridden and misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected. Also, because of changes in conditions, internal control effectiveness may vary over time. Accordingly, even an effective system of internal control will provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation.
Management assessed the Company’s system of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, in relation to criteria for effective internal control over financial reporting as described in Internal Control-Integrated Framework , issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organization of the Treadway Commission. Based on this assessment, management concludes that, as of December 31, 2006, its system of internal control over financial reporting is effective and meets the criteria of the Internal Control-Integrated Framework . Packer Thomas, independent registered public accounting firm, has issued an attestation report on management’s assessment of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
     
-S- LARRY A. FANTAUZZI

Lawrence A. Fantauzzi
President and
Chief Executive
Officer
  -S- JAMES M. GASIOR

James M. Gasior
Secretary
Chief Financial
Officer
 
Cortland, Ohio
March 7, 2007
   
 
  5


 

REPORT OF PACKER THOMAS
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
 
SHAREHOLDERS AND BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Cortland Bancorp
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Cortland Bancorp and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2006. We also have audited management’s assessment, included in the accompanying Report on Management’s Assessment of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting, that Cortland Bancorp and subsidiaries maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Cortland Bancorp’s management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements, an opinion on management’s assessment, and an opinion on the effectiveness of the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating management’s assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Cortland Bancorp and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2006 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, management’s assessment that Cortland Bancorp and subsidiaries maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006 is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Furthermore, in our opinion, Cortland Bancorp and subsidiaries maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
  -S- PACKER THOMAS
 
  Packer Thomas
Youngstown, Ohio
March 7, 2007
 
6  


 

(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
(Amounts in thousands except per share data)
                                 
    2006   2005   2004
             
Interest income
                       
 
Interest and fees on loans
  $ 14,291     $ 12,941     $ 12,383  
 
Interest and dividends on investment securities:
                       
   
Taxable interest
    5,943       4,387       3,501  
   
Nontaxable interest
    2,051       2,162       2,553  
   
Dividends
    202       167       135  
 
Interest on mortgage-backed securities
    3,795       3,810       3,633  
 
Other interest income
    215       119       83  
                   
     
Total interest income
    26,497       23,586       22,288  
                   
Interest expense
                       
 
Deposits
    8,509       6,159       5,787  
 
Borrowed funds
    3,073       2,506       2,223  
                   
     
Total interest expense
    11,582       8,665       8,010  
                   
       
Net interest income
    14,915       14,921       14,278  
       
Provision for loan losses (Note 4)
    225       545       415  
                   
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
    14,690       14,376       13,863  
                   
Other income
                       
 
Fees for other customer services
    2,239       2,254       2,327  
 
Investment securities gains - net
    18       308       1,052  
 
Gain on sale of loans - net
    106       89       54  
 
Other real estate losses - net
    (47 )     (3 )     (171 )
 
Earnings on bank owned life insurance
    433       341       444  
 
Other non-interest income
    86       126       125  
                   
     
Total other income
    2,835       3,115       3,831  
                   
Other expenses
                       
 
Salaries and employee benefits
    6,776       7,052       6,722  
 
Net occupancy and equipment expense
    1,811       1,870       1,853  
 
State and local taxes
    552       548       544  
 
Office supplies
    367       338       346  
 
Bank exam and audit expense
    486       427       515  
 
Other operating expenses
    2,029       1,965       1,881  
                   
     
Total other expenses
    12,021       12,200       11,861  
                   
Income before federal income taxes
    5,504       5,291       5,833  
Federal income taxes (Note 10)
    928       957       990  
                   
Net income
  $ 4,576     $ 4,334     $ 4,843  
                   
Net income per share, both basic and diluted (Note 1)
  $ 1.02     $ 0.98     $ 1.11  
                   
Dividends declared per share
  $ 0.86     $ 1.05     $ 1.02  
                   
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
  7


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
As of December 31, 2006 and 2005
 
(Amounts in thousands except per share data)
                       
    2006   2005
         
ASSETS
               
Cash and due from banks
  $ 10,100     $ 14,587  
Federal funds sold
    4,275       4,650  
             
 
Total cash and cash equivalents
    14,375       19,237  
             
Investment securities available for sale (Note 2)
    108,484       113,247  
Investment securities held to maturity (approximate
market value of $124,136 in 2006 and $121,395 in 2005) (Note 2)
    124,619       121,405  
Total loans (Note 3)
    205,208       188,202  
 
Less allowance for loan losses (Note 4)
    (2,211 )     (2,168 )
             
 
Net loans
    202,997       186,034  
             
Premises and equipment (Note 5)
    4,780       4,088  
Other assets
    16,496       15,690  
             
     
Total assets
  $ 471,751     $ 459,701  
             
 
LIABILITIES
               
Noninterest-bearing deposits
  $ 60,983     $ 61,782  
Interest-bearing deposits (Note 6)
    294,835       288,593  
             
 
Total deposits
    355,818       350,375  
             
Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowings (Note 7)
    62,015       58,111  
Other liabilities
    3,326       2,890  
             
     
Total liabilities
    421,159       411,376  
             
 
Commitments and contingent liabilities (Notes 8 and 16)
               
 
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
Common stock - $5.00 stated value - authorized 20,000,000 shares;
issued 4,594,344 shares in 2006 and 4,504,576 shares in 2005 (Note 1)
    22,972       22,523  
Additional paid-in capital (Note 1)
    20,835       20,211  
Retained earnings
    9,553       10,310  
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income (Note 1)
    (455 )     (877 )
Treasury stock, at cost, 95,809 shares in 2006 and 155,945 shares in 2005
    (2,313 )     (3,842 )
             
   
Total shareholders’ equity (Note 15)
    50,592       48,325  
             
     
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
  $ 471,751     $ 459,701  
             
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
8  


 

(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
(Amounts in thousands except per share data)
                                                     
                Accumulated       Total
        Additional       Other       Share-
    Common   Paid-In   Retained   Comprehensive   Treasury   holders
    Stock   Capital   Earnings   Income (Loss)   Stock   Equity
                         
Balance at December 31, 2003
  $ 21,234     $ 16,469     $ 15,401     $ 2,203     $ (5,426 )   $ 49,881  
Comprehensive Income:
                                               
 
Net income
                    4,843                       4,843  
 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
                                               
   
Unrealized losses on available for sale securities, net of reclassification adjustment
                            (1,142 )             (1,142 )
                                     
Total comprehensive income
                                            3,701  
                                     
Common Stock Transactions:
                                               
 
Treasury shares reissued net of shares repurchased
            30                       232       262  
 
Cash dividends declared ($0.81 per share)
                    (3,547 )                     (3,547 )
 
Special cash dividend ($0.21 per share)
                    (890 )                     (890 )
 
3% stock dividend
    635       2,032       (2,667 )                        
 
Cash paid in lieu of fractional shares
                    (9 )                     (9 )
                                     
Balance at December 31, 2004
    21,869       18,531       13,131       1,061       (5,194 )     49,398  
Comprehensive Income:
                                               
 
Net income
                    4,334                       4,334  
 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
                                               
   
Unrealized gains on available for sale securities, net of reclassification adjustment
                            (1,938 )             (1,938 )
                                     
Total comprehensive income
                                            2,396  
                                     
Common Stock Transactions:
                                               
 
Treasury shares reissued net of shares repurchased
            (184 )                     1,352       1,168  
 
Cash dividends declared ($0.84 per share)
                    (3,701 )                     (3,701 )
 
Special cash dividend ($0.21 per share)
                    (929 )                     (929 )
 
3% stock dividend
    654       1,864       (2,518 )                        
 
Cash paid in lieu of fractional shares
                    (7 )                     (7 )
                                     
Balance at December 31, 2005
    22,523       20,211       10,310       (877 )     (3,842 )     48,325  
Comprehensive Income:
                                               
 
Net income
                    4,576                       4,576  
 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
                                               
   
Unrealized gains on available for sale securities, net of reclassification adjustment
                            422               422  
                                     
Total comprehensive income
                                            4,998  
                                     
Common Stock Transactions:
                                               
 
Treasury shares reissued net of shares repurchased
            (390 )                     1,529       1,139  
 
Cash dividends declared ($0.86 per share)
                    (3,865 )                     (3,865 )
 
2% stock dividend
    449       1,014       (1,463 )                        
 
Cash paid in lieu of fractional shares
                    (5 )                     (5 )
                                     
Balance at December 31, 2006
  $ 22,972     $ 20,835     $ 9,553     $ (455 )   $ (2,313 )   $ 50,592  
                                     
DISCLOSURE OF RECLASSIFICATION FOR AVAILABLE
FOR SALE SECURITY GAINS AND LOSSES:
                         
    2006   2005   2004
             
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on available for sale securities arising during
the period net of tax of $224, $(894), and $(231)
  $ 434     $ (1,735 )   $ (448 )
Less: Reclassification adjustment for gains realized in net income,
net of tax of $6, $105, and $358,
    12       203       694  
                   
Net unrealized gains (losses) on available for sale securities, net of tax
  $ 422     $ (1,938 )   $ (1,142 )
                   
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
  9


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
(Amounts in thousands)
                                 
    2006   2005   2004
             
Cash flows from operating activities
                       
 
Net income
  $ 4,576     $ 4,334     $ 4,843  
 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows from operating activities:
                       
   
Depreciation, amortization and accretion
    991       1,469       2,176  
   
Provision for loan loss
    225       545       415  
   
Deferred tax (benefit) expense
    (205 )     50       (129 )
   
Investment securities gains
    (18 )     (308 )     (1,052 )
   
Gains on sales of loans
    (106 )     (89 )     (54 )
   
Loss on the sale or disposal of fixed assets
    3                  
   
Other real estate losses
    47       3       171  
   
Loans originated for sale
    (6,978 )     (6,618 )     (3,993 )
   
Proceeds from sale of loans originated for sale
    6,975       6,707       4,150  
   
Changes in:
                       
     
Interest and fees receivable
    (245 )     (341 )     148  
     
Interest payable
    185       (30 )     (111 )
     
Other assets and liabilities
    (368 )     (1,447 )     818  
                   
       
Net cash flows from operating activities
    5,082       4,275       7,382  
                   
Cash flows from investing activities
                       
 
Purchases of securities available for sale
    (13,339 )     (19,593 )     (68,146 )
 
Purchases of securities held to maturity
    (12,017 )     (47,280 )     (43,601 )
 
Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale
    1,006       1,479       32,523  
 
Proceeds from call, maturity and principal payments on securities
    26,050       53,082       73,934  
 
Net(increase) decrease in loans made to customers
    (17,223 )     2,462       (2,812 )
 
Proceeds from disposition of other real estate
    143       22       815  
 
Purchases of premises and equipment
    (1,180 )     (316 )     (127 )
                   
       
Net cash flows from investing activities
    (16,560 )     (10,144 )     (7,414 )
                   
Cash flows from financing activities
                       
 
Net increase in deposit accounts
    5,443       5,456       7,363  
 
Net increase in borrowings
    3,904       10,222       3  
 
Dividends paid
    (3,870 )     (4,637 )     (4,446 )
 
Purchases of treasury stock
            (3 )     (1,032 )
 
Treasury shares reissued
    1,139       1,171       1,294  
                   
       
Net cash flows from financing activities
    6,616       12,209       3,182  
                   
 
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
    (4,862 )     6,340       3,150  
                   
Cash and cash equivalents
                       
 
Beginning of year
    19,237       12,897       9,747  
                   
 
End of year
  $ 14,375     $ 19,237     $ 12,897  
                   
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
10  


 

(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Principles of Consolidation:  The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Cortland Bancorp (the Company) and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Cortland Savings and Banking Company (the Bank) and New Resources Leasing Co. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.
Industry Segment Information:  The Company and its subsidiaries operate in the domestic banking industry which accounts for substantially all of the Company’s assets, revenues and operating income. The Company, through its subsidiary bank, grants residential, consumer, and commercial loans and offers a variety of saving plans to customers located primarily in the Northeastern Ohio and Western Pennsylvania area.
Use of Estimates:  The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash Flow:  Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, amounts due from banks and federal funds sold. Generally, federal funds are purchased and sold for one-day periods. The Company reports net cash flows for customer loan transactions, deposit transactions and deposits made with other financial institutions.
The Company paid interest of $11,397,000, $8,695,000 and $8,121,000 in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Cash paid for income taxes was $1,120,000 in 2006, $993,000 in 2005 and $1,005,000 in 2004. Transfers of loans to other real estate were, $144,000 in 2006, $107,000 in 2005 and none in 2004.
Investment Securities:  Investments in debt and equity securities are classified as held to maturity, trading or available for sale. Securities classified as held to maturity are those that management has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity. Securities classified as available for sale are those that could be sold for liquidity, investment management, or similar reasons, even though management has no present intentions to do so.
Securities held to maturity are stated at cost, adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts, with such amortization or accretion included in interest income. Securities available for sale are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recorded as a separate component of shareholders’ equity, net of tax effects. Realized gains or losses on dispositions are based on net proceeds and the adjusted carrying amount of securities sold, using the specific identification method. Interest on securities is accrued and credited to operations based on the principal balance outstanding, adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts.
Unrealized losses on corporate bonds have not been recognized into income. Management has the intent and ability to hold these securities for the foreseeable future. The fair value is expected to recover as the bonds approach their maturity date and/or market conditions become more favorable to the bonds’ intrinsic value.
Trading Securities:  Trading securities are principally held with the intention of selling in the near term and are carried at market value. Realized and unrealized gains and losses on trading account securities are recognized in the Statement of Income as they occur. The Company did not hold any trading securities at December 31, 2006, 2005 or 2004. There was no trading activity in 2006, 2005 or 2004.
Loans:  Loans are stated at the principal amount outstanding net of the unamortized balance of deferred loan origination fees and costs. Deferred loan origination fees and costs are amortized as an adjustment to the related loan yield over the contractual life using the level yield method. Interest income on loans is accrued over the term of the loans based on the amount of principal outstanding. The accrual of interest is discontinued on a loan when management determines that the collection of interest is doubtful. Generally a loan is placed on nonaccrual status once the borrower is 90 days past due on payments, or whenever sufficient information is received to question the collectability of the loan or any time legal proceedings are initiated involving a loan. Interest income accrued up to the date a loan is placed on nonaccrual is reversed
 
(Continued)
  11


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)
through interest income. Cash payments received while a loan is classified as nonaccrual are recorded as a reduction to principal or reported as interest income according to management’s judgment as to the collectibility of principal. A loan is returned to accrual status when either all of the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are, in management’s judgment, collectable, or when it otherwise becomes well secured and in the process of collection. When a loan is charged-off, any interest accrued but not collected on the loan is charged against earnings.
Loans Held for Sale:  The Company originates certain residential mortgage loans for sale in the secondary mortgage loan market. For the majority of loan sales, the Company concurrently sells the rights to service the related loans. In addition, the Company may periodically identify other loans which may be sold. These loans are classified as loans held for sale, and carried, in the aggregate, at the lower of cost or estimated market value based on secondary market prices. To mitigate interest rate risk, the Company may obtain fixed commitments to sell such loans at the time loans are originated or identified as being held for sale. Such a commitment would be referred to as a derivative loan commitment if the loan that will result from exercise of the commitment will be held for sale upon funding under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133 (“SFAS 133”), Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, as amended by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 149 (“SFAS 149”), Amendment of Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. Loans held for sale was $109,000 at December 31, 2006, and none at December 31, 2005.
Allowance for Loan Losses and Allowance for Losses on Lending Related Commitments:  Because some loans may not be repaid in full, an allowance for loan losses is recorded. Increases to the allowance consist of provisions for loan losses charged to expense and recoveries of previously charged-off loans. Reductions to the allowance result from the charge-off of loans deemed uncollectable by management. After a loan is charged-off, collection efforts continue and future recoveries may occur.
A loan is considered impaired when it appears probable that all principal and interest amounts will not be collected according to the loan contract. Allowances for loan losses on impaired loans are determined using the estimated future cash flows of the loan, discounted to their present value using the loan’s effective interest rate. Allowances for loan losses for impaired loans that are collateral dependent are generally determined based on the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral. Smaller balance homogeneous loans are evaluated for impairment in the aggregate. Such loans include one-to-four family residential, home equity and consumer loans. Commercial loans and commercial mortgage loans are evaluated individually for impairment. Impaired loans are generally classified as nonaccrual loans.
Estimating the risk of loss and the amount of loss on any loan is necessarily subjective. Accordingly, the allowance is maintained by management at a level considered adequate to cover possible losses that are currently anticipated. Management evaluates the portfolio in light of economic conditions, changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio, industry standards and other relevant factors. Specific factors considered by management in determining the amounts charged to operations include previous loss experience; the status of past due interest and principal payments; the quality of financial information supplied by customers; the cash flow coverage and trends evidenced by financial information supplied by customers; the nature and estimated value of any collateral supporting specific loan credits; risk classifications determined by the Company’s loan review systems or as the result of regulatory examination process; and general economic conditions in the lending area of the Company’s bank subsidiary. Key risk factors and assumptions are dynamically updated to reflect actual experience and changing circumstances. While management may periodically allocate portions of the allowance for specific problem loans, the entire allowance is available for any charge-offs that occur.
The Company maintains an allowance for losses on unfunded commercial lending commitments to provide for the risk of loss inherent in these arrangements. The allowance is computed using a methodology similar
 
(Continued)
12  


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)
to that used to determine the allowance for loan losses. This allowance is reported as a liability on the balance sheet within accrued expenses and other liabilities, while the corresponding provision for these losses is recorded as a component of other expense.
Certain asset-specific loans are evaluated individually for impairment, based on management’s best estimate of discounted cash repayments and the anticipated proceeds from liquidating collateral. The actual timing and amount of repayments and the ultimate realizable value of the collateral may differ from management’s estimates.
The expected loss for certain other commercial credits utilizes internal risk ratings. These loss estimates are sensitive to changes in the customer’s risk profile, the realizable value of collateral, other risk factors and the related loss experience of other credits of similar risk. Consumer credits generally employ statistical loss factors, adjusted for other risk indicators, applied to pools of similar loans stratified by asset type. These loss estimates are sensitive to changes in delinquency status and shifts in the aggregate risk profile.
Premises and Equipment:  Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed generally on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the various assets. Maintenance and repairs are expensed and major improvements are capitalized.
Other Real Estate:  Real estate acquired through foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure is included in other assets. Such real estate is carried at the lower of cost or fair value less estimated costs to sell. Any reduction from the carrying value of the related loan to fair value at the time of acquisition is accounted for as a loan loss. Any subsequent reduction in fair market value is reflected as a valuation allowance through a charge to income. Costs of significant property improvements are capitalized, whereas costs relating to holding and maintaining the property are charged to expense.
Intangible Asset:  A core deposit intangible asset resulting from a branch acquisition is being amortized over a 15 year period. The intangible asset, net of accumulated amortization, was $134,000 and $171,000 at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively, and is included in other assets. The annual expense was $37,000 at December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004. The estimated aggregate amortization expense for the next three years is $37,000 per year, and $23,000 in the fourth year.
Cash Surrender Value of Life Insurance:  Bank-owned life insurance (“BOLI”) represents life insurance on the lives of certain Company employees, officers and directors who have provided positive consent allowing the Company to be the co-beneficiary of such policies. Since the Company is the owner of the insurance policies, increases in the cash value of the policies, as well as its share of insurance proceeds received, are recorded in other noninterest income, and are not subject to income taxes. The cash value of the policies is included in other assets. The Company reviews the financial strength of the insurance carriers prior to the purchase of BOLI and quarterly thereafter. The amount of BOLI with any individual carrier is limited to 15% of Tier I Capital. The Company has purchased BOLI to provide a long-term asset to offset long-term benefit liabilities, while generating competitive investment yields.
Advertising:  The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred.
Income Taxes:  A deferred tax liability or asset is determined at each balance sheet date. It is measured by applying currently enacted tax laws to future amounts that result from differences in the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities.
Other Comprehensive Income:  Accumulated other comprehensive income for the Company is comprised solely of unrealized holding gains (losses) on available for sale securities, net of tax.
Per Share Amounts:  The Board of Directors declared 2% common stock dividends payable as of January 1, 2007, and 3% common stock dividends payable January 1, 2006 and 2005. The common stock dividend
 
(Continued)
  13


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)
issued on January 1, 2007 resulted in the issuance of 89,768 shares of common stock, which have been included in the 4,594,344 shares reported as issued at December 31, 2006.
Basic and diluted earnings per share are based on weighted average shares outstanding. Average shares outstanding and per share amounts have been restated to give retroactive effect to the 2% common stock dividend of January 1, 2007. Average shares outstanding and per share amounts similarly reflect the impact of the Company’s stock repurchase program.
The following table sets forth the computation of basic earnings per common share and diluted earnings per common share:
                         
    Years Ended December 31,
     
    2006   2005   2004
             
Net income ($000 omitted)
  $ 4,576     $ 4,334     $ 4,843  
Weighted average common shares outstanding
    4,478,165       4,416,776       4,363,888  
Basic earnings per share
  $ 1.02     $ 0.98     $ 1.11  
Diluted earnings per share
  $ 1.02     $ 0.98     $ 1.11  
Off Balance Sheet Financial Instruments:  Financial instruments include off-balance sheet credit instruments, such as commitments to make loans and commercial letters of credit, issued to meet customer financing needs. The face amount for these items represents the exposure to loss, before considering customer collateral or ability to repay. Such financial instruments are recorded when they are funded.
Reclassifications:  Certain items in the financial statements for 2005 and 2004 have been reclassified to conform to the 2006 presentation.
New Accounting Standards
In May 2005, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 154 “Accounting Changes and Error Corrections,” a replacement of APB Opinion No. 20, “Accounting Changes” and FASB Statement No. 3, “Reporting Accounting Changes in Interim Financial Statements.” SFAS No. 154 applies to all voluntary changes in accounting principle and changes the accounting for and reporting of a change in accounting principle. SFAS No. 154 requires retrospective application to prior periods’ financial statements of a voluntary change in accounting principle unless it is impracticable. APB No. 20 previously required that most voluntary changes in accounting principle be recognized by including in net income of the period of the change the cumulative effect of changing to the new accounting principle. SFAS No. 154 is effective for accounting changes made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. The Company’s adoption of SFAS No. 154 did not have a material impact on its earnings, cash flows and/or financial position.
In June 2006, the FASB issued FIN No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes”, which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes”. This interpretation prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. This interpretation also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. FIN No. 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company, has determined there will be no impact of adopting this interpretation.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements.” SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles and
 
(Continued)
14  


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)
expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The provisions of this standard apply to other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company believes that the adoption of SFAS No. 157 will not have a material impact on the financial statements.
In October 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 158, “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans.” SFAS No. 158 requires an employer to recognize the funded status of each of its defined pension and postretirement benefit plans in the balance sheet, to recognize changes in the funded status in the year in which changes occur through comprehensive income, and to measure the funded status as of the balance sheet date. The requirement to recognize the funded status of benefit plans and the disclosure requirements are effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2006. The requirement to measure the funded status as of the date of the balance sheet is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2008. The Company has determined that its adoption of SFAS No. 158 will not have a material impact on its earnings, cash flows and financial position.
In September 2006, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 108 which provides interpretative guidance on how the effects of the carryover or reversal of prior year misstatements should be considered in quantifying a potential current year misstatement. Prior to SAB No. 108, companies used either the income statement or balance sheet approach to evaluate the materiality of financial statement misstatements. The income statement approach focused on current year misstatements while the balance sheet approach focused on the cumulative amount of misstatement present in the balance sheet. Misstatements that would be material under one approach could be viewed as immaterial under another approach and not be corrected. SAB No. 108 now requires that companies view financial statement misstatements as material if they are material according to either the income statement or balance sheet approach. SAB No. 108 is effective for fiscal years ending after November 15, 2006. The Company has analyzed SAB No. 108 and determined that its adoption will have no impact on the reported results of operations or financial condition.
In September 2006, the Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) reached a final consensus on Issue 06-4, “Accounting for Deferred Compensation and Postretirement Benefit Aspects of Endorsement Split-Dollar Life Insurance Arrangements”. The consensus stipulates that an agreement by an employer to share a portion of the proceeds of a life insurance policy with an employee during the postretirement period is a postretirement benefit arrangement required to be accounted for under SFAS No. 106 (postretirement benefit plans) or APB No. 12 (deferred compensation plan). The consensus concludes that the purchase of a split-dollar life insurance policy does not constitute a settlement, therefore, a liability should be recognized for future benefits. Issue 06-4 is effective for years beginning after December 15, 2007. Management is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of adoption of Issue 06-4.
In September 2006, the Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) ratified the consensus on Issue 06-5, “Accounting for Purchases of Life Insurance — Determining the Amount that Could be Realized in Accordance with FASB Technical Bulletin No. 85-4”. The consensus stipulates that the policy owner should consider the cash surrender value as well as any additional amounts included in the contractual terms of the policy in determining the amount recognized as an asset pursuant to FASB Technical Bulletin No. 85-4. The consensus in this Issue is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adoption of Issue 06-5.
 
(Continued)
  15


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
NOTE 2 - INVESTMENT SECURITIES
The following is a summary of investment securities:
(Amounts in thousands)
                                   
        Gross   Gross   Estimated
    Amortized   Unrealized   Unrealized   Fair
    Cost   Gains   Losses   Value
                 
December 31, 2006
Investment securities available for sale
                               
U.S. Government agencies and corporations
  $ 12,919     $ 13     $ 136     $ 12,796  
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
    9,451       348       1       9,798  
Mortgage-backed and related securities
    55,062       192       1,057       54,197  
Corporate securities
    28,160       101       149       28,112  
                         
 
Total debt securities
    105,592       654       1,343       104,903  
Other securities
    3,581                       3,581  
                         
 
Total available for sale
  $ 109,173     $ 654     $ 1,343     $ 108,484  
                         
Investment securities held to maturity
                               
U.S. Treasury securities
  $ 143     $       $       $ 143  
U.S. Government agencies and corporations
    73,743               1,239       72,504  
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
    31,009       1,067       13       32,063  
Mortgage-backed and related securities
    19,724               298       19,426  
                         
 
Total held to maturity
  $ 124,619     $ 1,067     $ 1,550     $ 124,136  
                         
December 31, 2005
Investment securities available for sale
                       
U.S. Government agencies and corporations
  $ 14,010     $ 34     $ 196     $ 13,848  
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
    11,372       506       6       11,872  
Mortgage-backed and related securities
    61,494       314       1,174       60,634  
Corporate securities
    24,307       50       857       23,500  
                         
 
Total debt securities
    111,183       904       2,233       109,854  
Other securities
    3,393                       3,393  
                         
 
Total available for sale
  $ 114,576     $ 904     $ 2,233     $ 113,247  
                         
Investment securities held to maturity                        
U.S. Treasury securities
  $ 148     $ 2     $       $ 150  
U.S. Government agencies and corporations
    66,057       5       943       65,119  
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
    32,842       1,307       23       34,126  
Mortgage-backed and related securities
    22,358       14       372       22,000  
                         
 
Total held to maturity
  $ 121,405     $ 1,328     $ 1,338     $ 121,395  
                         
At December 31, 2006 and 2005, other securities consisted of $3,355,000 and $3,167,000 in Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) stock, respectively, and $226,000 in Federal Reserve Board (FED) stock. Each investment is carried at cost, and the Company is required to hold such investments as a condition of membership in order to transact business with the FHLB and the FED.
 
(Continued)
16  


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
NOTE 2 - INVESTMENT SECURITIES (Continued)
The amortized cost and estimated market value of debt securities at December 31, 2005, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Actual maturities will differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
(Amounts in thousands)
                   
    December 31, 2006
     
    Amortized   Estimated
    Cost   Fair Value
         
Investment securities available for sale
               
Due in one year or less
  $ 2,584     $ 2,574  
Due after one year through five years
    7,491       7,407  
Due after five years through ten years
    4,174       4,043  
Due after ten years
    36,281       36,682  
             
 
Subtotal
    50,530       50,706  
Mortgage-backed securities
    55,062       54,197  
             
 
Total
  $ 105,592     $ 104,903  
             
Investment securities held to maturity
               
Due in one year or less
  $ 905     $ 910  
Due after one year through five years
    4,432       4,386  
Due after five years through ten years
    34,949       34,651  
Due after ten years
    64,609       64,763  
             
 
Subtotal
    104,895       104,710  
Mortgage-backed securities
    19,724       19,426  
             
 
Total
  $ 124,619     $ 124,136  
             
The following table sets forth the proceeds, gains and losses realized on securities sold or called for each of the years ended December 31:
(Amounts in thousands)
                         
    2006   2005   2004
             
Proceeds
  $ 1,526     $ 13,563     $ 43,339  
Gross realized gains
    18       308       1,074  
Gross realized losses
                    22  
Investment securities with a carrying value of approximately $75,489,000 at December 31, 2006 and $64,082,000 at December 31, 2005 were pledged to secure deposits and for other purposes.
 
(Continued)
  17


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
NOTE 2 - INVESTMENT SECURITIES (Continued)
The following is a summary of the fair value of securities with unrealized losses and an aging of those unrealized losses at December 31, 2006:
(Amounts in thousands)
                                                 
    Less than 12 Months   12 Months or More   Total
             
    Fair   Unrealized   Fair   Unrealized   Fair   Unrealized
    Value   Losses   Value   Losses   Value   Losses
                         
U.S. Government agencies and corporations
  $ 11,716     $ 125     $ 69,233     $ 1,250     $ 80,949     $ 1,375  
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
                    1,043       14       1,043       14  
Mortgage-backed and related securities
    10,812       159       52,351       1,196       63,163       1,355  
Corporate securities
    2,012       6       4,215       143       6,227       149  
                                     
    $ 24,540     $ 290     $ 126,842     $ 2,603     $ 151,382     $ 2,893  
                                     
The above table represents 201 investment securities where the current value is less than the related amortized cost.
The following is a summary of the fair value of securities with unrealized losses and an aging of those unrealized losses at December 31, 2005:
(Amounts in thousands)
                                                 
    Less than 12 Months   12 Months or More   Total
             
    Fair   Unrealized   Fair   Unrealized   Fair   Unrealized
    Value   Losses   Value   Losses   Value   Losses
                         
U.S. Government agencies and corporations
  $ 53,229     $ 734     $ 19,359     $ 405     $ 72,588     $ 1,139  
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
    893       8       857       21       1,750       29  
Mortgage-backed and related securities
    33,976       522       32,556       1,024       66,532       1,546  
Corporate securities
    9,928       840       2,996       17       12,924       857  
                                     
    $ 98,026     $ 2,104     $ 55,768     $ 1,467     $ 153,794     $ 3,571  
                                     
The above table represents 207 investment securities where the current value is less than the related amortized cost.
The unrealized losses on the Bank’s investment in U.S. Government agencies and corporations, obligations of states and political subdivisions, and mortgage-backed and related securities were caused by interest rate increases. Accordingly, it is expected that the securities would not be settled at a price less than the amortized cost of the Bank’s investment because the decline in market value is attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, and because the Company has the ability and intent to hold those investments until a recovery of fair value, which may be maturity. The Bank does not consider those investments to be other than temporarily impaired at December 31, 2006.
The Bank’s unrealized loss on investments in corporate securities relates to a $2,350,000 investment in the General Motors Corporation. The unrealized loss was primarily caused by (a) the decrease in profitability and profit forecasts by industry analysts resulting from intense competitive pressure in the automotive
 
(Continued)
18  


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
NOTE 2 - INVESTMENT SECURITIES (Continued)
industry and (b) a sector downgrade by industry analysts. The contractual terms of those investments do not permit General Motors Corporation to settle the security at a price less than the amortized cost of the investment. While the General Motors Corporation credit rating has decreased from A3 to Caa1 (Moodys), the Bank believes it is probable that it will be able to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the investment. Therefore, it is expected that the bonds would not be settled at a price less than the amortized cost of the investment. Because the Bank has the ability and intent to hold the investments until a recovery of fair value, which may be maturity, it does not consider the investment in the General Motors Corporate notes to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2006.
NOTE 3 - LOANS RECEIVABLE
The following is a summary of loans:
(Amounts in thousands)
                   
    December 31,
     
    2006   2005
         
1-4 family residential mortgage loans
  $ 62,882     $ 59,910  
1-4 family residential mortgage loans held for sale
    109          
Commercial mortgage loans
    106,160       90,983  
Consumer loans
    7,745       6,714  
Commercial loans
    17,505       19,767  
Home equity loans
    10,807       10,828  
             
 
Total loans
  $ 205,208     $ 188,202  
             
NOTE 4 - ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
The following is an analysis of changes in the allowance for loan losses for the year ended:
(Amounts in thousands)
                           
    December 31,
     
    2006   2005   2004
             
Balance at beginning of year
  $ 2,168     $ 2,629     $ 2,408  
Loan charge-offs
    (288 )     (1,119 )     (264 )
Recoveries
    106       113       70  
                   
 
Net loan charge-offs
    (182 )     (1,006 )     (194 )
Provision charged to operations
    225       545       415  
                   
Balance at end of year
  $ 2,211     $ 2,168     $ 2,629  
                   
Loans on which the accrual of interest has been discontinued because circumstances indicate that collection is questionable amounted to $3,923,000, $3,746,000 and $3,395,000 at December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Interest income on these loans, if accrued, would have increased pretax income by approximately $315,000, $266,000 and $195,000 for 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Impaired loans are generally included in nonaccrual loans. Management does not individually evaluate certain smaller balance loans for impairment as such loans are evaluated on an aggregate basis. These loans generally include 1-4 family, consumer and home equity loans. Impaired loans are generally evaluated using
 
(Continued)
  19


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
NOTE 4 - ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)
the fair value of collateral as the measurement method. At December 31, 2006, December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, the recorded investment in impaired loans was $1,939,000, $1,857,000 and $2,985,000 while the allocated portion of the allowance for loan losses for such loans was $815,000, $714,000 and $1,355,000, respectively. Interest income recognized on impaired loans using the cash basis was $44,000 for 2006, $51,000 for 2005 and $100,000 for 2004.
There were no renegotiated loans for which interest has been reduced and that are still accruing interest at December 31, 2006, December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004.
As of December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, there were $13,765,000, $5,304,000 and $5,622,000 in loans that were neither classified as nonaccrual nor considered impaired, but which can be considered potential problem loans.
Any loans classified for regulatory purposes as loss, doubtful, substandard, or special mention that have not been disclosed above do not (i) represent or result from trends or uncertainties which management reasonably expects will materially impact future operating results, liquidity, or capital resources, or (ii) represent material credits about which management is aware of any information which causes management to have serious doubts as to the ability of such borrowers to comply with the loan repayment terms.
NOTE 5 - PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT
The following is a summary of premises and equipment:
(Amounts in thousands)
                   
    December 31,
     
    2006   2005
         
Land
  $ 877     $ 703  
Premises
    5,720       5,668  
Equipment
    7,488       9,430  
Leasehold improvements
    291       281  
Construction in progress
    349          
             
      14,725       16,082  
Less accumulated depreciation
    9,945       11,994  
             
 
Net book value
  $ 4,780     $ 4,088  
             
Depreciation expense was $485,000 in 2006, $597,000 for 2005 and $630,000 for 2004.
 
(Continued)
20  


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
NOTE 6 - DEPOSITS
The following is a summary of interest-bearing deposits:
(Amounts in thousands)
                     
    December 31,
     
    2006   2005
         
Demand
  $ 27,136     $ 29,677  
Money Market
    19,117       17,866  
Savings
    79,585       86,359  
Time:
               
 
In denominations under $100,000
    114,052       109,488  
 
In denominations of $100,000 or more
    54,945       45,203  
             
   
Total
  $ 294,835     $ 288,593  
             
The following is a summary of time deposits of $100,000 or more by remaining maturities:
(Amounts in thousands)
                                                   
    December 31,
     
    2006   2005
         
    Certificates   Other Time       Certificates   Other Time    
    of Deposit   Deposits   Total   of Deposit   Deposits   Total
                         
Three months or less
  $ 17,997     $       $ 17,997     $ 10,760     $ 100     $ 10,860  
Three to six months
    7,775       543       8,318       11,521       334       11,855  
Six to twelve months
    11,786       749       12,535       6,428       350       6,778  
One through five years
    8,219       2,087       10,306       7,195       1,647       8,842  
Over five years
    1,529       4,260       5,789       1,829       5,039       6,868  
                                     
 
Total
  $ 47,306     $ 7,639     $ 54,945     $ 37,733     $ 7,470     $ 45,203  
                                     
 
(Continued)
  21


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
NOTE 7 - FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK ADVANCES AND OTHER BORROWINGS
The following is a summary of total Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowings:
(Amounts in thousands)
                               
    Weighted    
    Average   December 31,
    Interest    
    Rate   2006   2005
             
Federal Home Loan Bank advances
                       
Variable rate Prime based Federal Home Loan Bank advances, with monthly interest payments:
                       
 
Due in 2007
    5.6000 %   $ 5,000     $ 5,000  
Variable rate LIBOR based Federal Home Loan Bank advances, with monthly interest payments:
                       
 
Due 2009
    5.3747 %     5,000          
 
Due 2011
    5.3719 %     3,000          
Fixed rate payable and convertible fixed rate Federal Home Loan Bank advances, with monthly interest payments:
                       
 
Due in 2006
                    2,000  
 
Due in 2007
    4.3952 %     11,500       10,000  
 
Due in 2008
    5.6340 %     5,000       5,000  
 
Due in 2009
    5.5600 %     5,000       10,000  
 
Due in 2010
    5.9293 %     13,500       13,500  
 
Due in 2011
    5.1850 %     5,000       9,500  
 
Due in 2016
    4.0700 %     2,000          
                   
   
Total Federal Home Loan Bank advances
    5.3021 %     55,000       55,000  
Other borrowings
                       
Securities sold under repurchase agreements
    4.3420 %     5,862       2,336  
U.S. Treasury interest-bearing demand note
    5.0440 %     1,153       775  
                   
   
Total other borrowings
    4.4574 %     7,015       3,111  
                   
     
Total Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowings
    5.2065 %   $ 62,015     $ 58,111  
                   
Securities sold under repurchase agreements represent arrangements that the Bank has entered into with certain deposit customers within its local market areas. These borrowings are collateralized with securities. There are $10.7 million in securities, allocated for this purpose, owned by the Bank and held in safekeeping accounts at independent correspondent banks.
Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) advances are collateralized by the FHLB stock owned by the Bank, which had a carrying value of $3,355,000 at December 31, 2006, and a blanket lien against the Bank’s qualified mortgage loan portfolio, $12,413,000 in collateralized mortgage obligations and $10,415,000 in Federal Agency Securities. Maximum borrowing capacity from the FHLB totaled $59,942,000 at December 31, 2006.
As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, $28,500,000 and $38,000,000 of the FHLB fixed rate advances are convertible to quarterly LIBOR floating rate advances on or after certain specified dates at the option of the FHLB. Should the FHLB elect to convert, the Company acquires the right to prepay any or all of the borrowing at the time of conversion and on any interest payment due date, thereafter, without penalty.
 
(Continued)
22  


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
NOTE 7 - FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK ADVANCES AND OTHER BORROWINGS (Continued)
As of December 31, 2006, $2,000,000 of the FHLB fixed rate advances are putable on or after certain specified dates at the option of the FHLB. Should the FHLB elect to exercise the put, the Company is required to pay the advance off on that date without penalty.
NOTE 8 - COMMITMENTS
The Bank occupies office facilities under operating leases extending to 2011. Most of these leases contain an option to renew at the then fair rental value for periods of five and ten years. These options enable the Bank to retain use of facilities in desirable operating areas. In most cases, management expects that in the normal course of business, leases will be renewed or replaced by other leases. Rental and lease expense was $299,000 for 2006, $295,000 for 2005 and $287,000 for 2004. The following is a summary of remaining future minimum lease payments under current noncancelable operating leases for office facilities:
(Amounts in thousands)
             
Years ending:
       
 
December 31, 2007
  $ 182  
 
December 31, 2008
    131  
 
December 31, 2009
    84  
 
December 31, 2010
    84  
 
December 31, 2011
    44  
       
   
Total
  $ 525  
       
At December 31, 2006, the Bank was required to maintain aggregate cash reserves amounting to $4,962,000 in order to satisfy federal regulatory requirements. These amounts do not earn interest.
The Bank grants commercial and industrial loans, commercial and residential mortgages, and consumer loans to customers in Northeast Ohio and Western Pennsylvania. Although the Bank has a diversified portfolio, exposure to credit loss can be adversely impacted by downturns in local economic and employment conditions. Approximately 1.94% of total loans are unsecured at December 31, 2006, compared to 3.31% at December 31, 2005.
The Company currently does not enter into derivative financial instruments including futures, forwards, interest rate risk swaps, option contracts, or other financial instruments with similar characteristics. The Company also does not participate in any partnerships or other special purpose entities that might give rise to off-balance sheet liabilities.
The Company, through its subsidiary bank, is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, standby letters of credit and financial guarantees. Such instruments involve, to varying degrees elements of credit risk in excess of the amount recognized on the balance sheet. The contract or notional amounts or those instruments reflect the extent of involvement the Company has in particular classes of financial instruments.
In the event of nonperformance by the other party, the Company’s exposure to credit loss on these financial instruments is represented by the contract or notional amount of the instrument. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for instruments recorded on the balance sheet. The amount and nature of collateral obtained, if any, is based on management’s credit evaluation.
 
(Continued)
  23


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
NOTE 8 - COMMITMENTS (Continued)
The following is a summary of such contractual commitments:
(Amounts in thousands)
                     
    December 31,
     
    2006   2005
         
Financial instruments whose contract
amounts represent credit risk:
               
 
Commitments to extend credit
               
   
Fixed rate
  $ 3,102     $ 2,101  
   
Variable rate
    44,422       39,180  
 
Standby letters of credit
    1,810       1,195  
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Generally these financial arrangements have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Bank to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Bank evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Bank upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the counterparty. Collateral held varies but may include accounts receivable, inventory, property, plant and equipment and income-producing commercial properties.
The Company’s subsidiary bank also offers limited overdraft protection as a non-contractual courtesy which is available to businesses as well as individually/jointly owned accounts in good standing for personal or household use. The Company reserves the right to discontinue this service without prior notice. The available amount of overdraft protection on depositors’ accounts at December 31, 2006, totaled $9,827,000. The total average daily balance of overdrafts used in 2006 was $151,000, or less than 2% of the total aggregate overdraft protection available to depositors.
NOTE 9 - BENEFIT PLANS
The Bank has a contributory defined contribution retirement plan (a 401(k) plan) which covers substantially all employees. Total expense under the plan was $229,000 for 2006, $224,000 for 2005 and $215,000 for 2004. The Bank matches participants’ voluntary contributions up to 5% of gross pay. Participants may make voluntary contributions to the plan up to a maximum of $15,000 with an additional $5,000 catchup deferral for plan participants over the age of 50. The Bank makes monthly contributions to this plan equal to amounts accrued for plan expense.
The Bank and Bancorp provide supplemental retirement benefit plans for the benefit of certain officers and non officer directors. The plan for officers is designed to provide post-retirement benefits to supplement other sources of retirement income such as social security and 401(k) benefits. The benefits will be paid for a period of 15 years after retirement. The amount of each officer’s benefit is determined by their salary at retirement as well as their other sources of retirement income. Director Retirement Agreements provide for a benefit of $10,000 annually on or after the director reaches normal retirement age, which is based on a combination of age and years of service. Director retirement benefits are paid over a period of 10 years following retirement. The Bank and Bancorp accrue the cost of these post-retirement benefits during the
 
(Continued)
24  


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
NOTE 9 - BENEFIT PLANS (Continued)
working careers of the officers and directors. At December 31, 2006, the cumulative expense accrued for these benefits totaled $1,484,000, with $1,214,000 accrued for the officers’ plan and $270,000 for the directors’ plan.
The following table reconciles the accumulated liability for the benefit obligation of these agreements:
(Amounts in thousands)
                 
    Years Ended
    December 31,
     
    2006   2005
         
Beginning balance
  $ 1,283     $ 996  
Benefit expense
    263       303  
Benefit payments
    (62 )     (16 )
             
Ending balance
  $ 1,484     $ 1,283  
             
Supplemental executive retirement agreements are unfunded plans and have no plan assets. The benefit obligation represents the vested net present value of future payments to individuals under the agreements. The benefit expense, as specified in the agreements for the entire year 2007, is expected to be under $300,000. The benefits expected to be paid in the next year is $62,000.
The Bank has purchased insurance contracts on the lives of the participants in the supplemental retirement benefit plan and has named the Bank as the beneficiary. Similarly, the Bancorp has purchased insurance contracts on the lives of the directors with the Bancorp as beneficiary. While no direct linkage exists between the supplemental retirement benefit plan and the life insurance contracts, it is management’s current intent that the revenue from the insurance contracts be used as a funding source for the plan. At December 31, 2006, the cumulative income accrued on these contracts totaled $2,079,000 on a tax equivalent basis, with $1,441,000 accrued on the officers’ contracts and $638,000 on the directors’ contracts.
NOTE 10 - FEDERAL INCOME TAXES
The composition of income tax expense is as follows:
(Amounts in thousands)
                           
    Years Ended
    December 31,
     
    2006   2005   2004
             
Current
  $ 1,133     $ 907     $ 1,119  
Deferred
    (205 )     50       (129 )
                   
 
Total
  $ 928     $ 957     $ 990  
                   
 
(Continued)
  25


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
NOTE 10 - FEDERAL INCOME TAXES (Continued)
The following is a summary of net deferred taxes included in other assets (liabilities):
(Amounts in thousands)
                             
    December 31,
     
    2006   2005   2004
             
Gross deferred tax assets:
                       
 
Provision for loan and other real estate losses
  $ 428     $ 413     $ 570  
 
AMT credit*
    47       29       29  
 
Other items
    764       641       494  
 
Loan origination cost - net
    103       28       6  
 
Unrealized loss (gain) on available for sale securities
    235       452       (547 )
Gross deferred tax liabilities:
                       
 
Depreciation
    (350 )     (387 )     (389 )
 
Other items
    (561 )     (498 )     (434 )
                   
   
Net deferred tax asset (liability)
  $ 666     $ 678     $ (271 )
                   
Represents the Company’s cumulative alternative minimum tax credit which can be carried forward indefinitely.
The following is a reconciliation between tax expense using the statutory tax rate of 34% and the income tax provision:
(Amounts in thousands)
                           
    Years Ended
    December 31,
     
    2006   2005   2004
             
Statutory tax
  $ 1,871     $ 1,798     $ 1,983  
Tax effect of non-taxable income
    (909 )     (921 )     (1,084 )
Tax effect of non-deductible expense
    111       80       91  
Tax effect of change in estimate*
    (145 )                
                   
 
Total income taxes
  $ 928     $ 957     $ 990  
                   
A one time adjustment to tax accrual estimate was recorded in the first quarter of 2006.
The related income tax expense on investment securities gains and losses amounted to $6,000 for 2006 $105,000 for 2005 and $358,000 for 2004, and is included in the total federal income tax provision.
 
(Continued)
26  


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
NOTE 11 - FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments are as follows:
(Amounts in thousands)
                                 
    December 31, 2006   December 31, 2005
         
    Carrying   Estimated   Carrying   Estimated
    Amount   Fair Value   Amount   Fair Value
                 
ASSETS:
                               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 10,100     $ 10,100     $ 14,587     $ 14,587  
Federal Funds sold
    4,275       4,275       4,650       4,650  
Investment securities
    233,792       232,620       234,652       234,642  
Loans, net of allowance for loan losses
    202,997       201,269       186,034       184,389  
LIABILITIES:
                               
Demand and savings deposits
  $ 186,821     $ 186,821     $ 195,684     $ 195,684  
Time deposits
    168,997       169,113       154,691       154,608  
FHLB advances
    55,000       54,917       55,000       54,957  
Other borrowings
    7,015       7,015       3,111       3,111  
For purposes of the above disclosures of estimated fair value, the following assumptions were used as of December 31, 2006 and 2005. The estimated fair value for cash and cash equivalents is considered to approximate cost. The estimated fair value for securities is based on quoted market values for individual securities or for equivalent securities when specific quoted prices are not available. Carrying value is considered to approximate fair value for loans, FHLB advances and other borrowings that reprice frequently and for deposit liabilities subject to immediate withdrawal. The fair values of loans, FHLB advances and other borrowings and time deposits that reprice less frequently are approximated by a discount rate valuation technique utilizing estimated market interest rates as of December 31, 2006 and 2005. The fair value of unrecorded commitments at December 31, 2006 and 2005, is not material.
In addition, other assets and liabilities of the Company that are not defined as financial instruments are not included in the above disclosures, such as property and equipment. Also, non-financial instruments typically not recognized in financial statements nevertheless may have value but are not included in the above disclosures. These include, among other items, the estimated earning power of core deposit accounts, the trained work force, customer goodwill and similar items. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented do not represent the underlying value of the Company.
NOTE 12 - REGULATORY MATTERS
The Company is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Company must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Company’s assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Company’s capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors.
Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Company to maintain: (1) a minimum ratio of 4% both for total Tier I risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets and for
 
(Continued)
  27


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
NOTE 12 - REGULATORY MATTERS (Continued)
Tier I risk-based capital to average assets, and (2) a minimum ratio of 8% for total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets.
Under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Company is categorized as well capitalized, which requires minimum capital ratios of 10% for total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets, 6% for Tier I risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets, and 5% for Tier I risk-based capital to average assets (also known as the leverage ratio). There are no conditions or events since the most recent communication from regulators that management believes would change the Company’s capital classification.
                                   
    (Amounts in thousands)
    December 31,   December 31,
    2006   2005
         
    Amount   Ratio   Amount   Ratio
                 
Total Risk-Based Capital
  $ 53,151             $ 51,220          
 
Ratio to Risk-Weighted Assets
            19.93 %             21.16 %
Tier I Risk-Based Capital
  $ 50,913             $ 49,031          
 
Ratio to Risk-Weighted Assets
            19.09 %             20.25 %
 
Ratio to Average Assets
            11.04 %             11.05 %
Tier I risk-based capital is shareholders’ equity less intangibles and the unrealized market value adjustment of investment securities available for sale. Total risk-based capital is Tier I risk-based capital plus the qualifying portion of the allowance for loan losses. Assets and certain off balance sheet items adjusted in accordance with risk classification comprise risk-weighted assets of $266,686,000 and $242,106,000 as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Assets less intangibles and the net unrealized market value adjustment of investment securities available for sale averaged $461,215,000 and $443,677,000 for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
NOTE 13 - RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Certain directors, executive officers and companies with which they are affiliated were loan customers during 2006. The following is an analysis of such loans:
(Amounts in thousands)
           
Total related-party loans at December 31, 2005
  $ 1,850  
New related-party loans
    148  
Repayments or other
    350  
       
 
Total related-party loans at December 31, 2006
  $ 1,648  
       
 
(Continued)
28  


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
NOTE 14 - CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Below is condensed financial information of Cortland Bancorp (parent company only). In this information, the parent’s investment in subsidiaries is stated at cost, including equity in the undistributed earnings of the subsidiaries since inception, adjusted for any unrealized gains or losses on available for sale securities.
BALANCE SHEETS
(Amounts in thousands)
                     
    December 31,
     
    2006   2005
         
Assets:
               
 
Cash
  $ 2,949     $ 3,102  
 
Investment securities available for sale
    684       587  
 
Investment in bank subsidiary
    44,638       42,435  
 
Investment in non-bank subsidiary
    15       15  
 
Other assets
    2,507       2,447  
             
      $ 50,793     $ 48,586  
             
Liabilities:
               
 
Other liabilities
  $ 201     $ 261  
 
Shareholders’ equity:
               
 
Common stock (Note 1)
    22,972       22,523  
 
Additional paid-in capital (Note 1)
    20,835       20,211  
 
Retained earnings
    9,553       10,310  
 
Accumulated other comprehensive income
    (455 )     (877 )
 
Treasury stock
    (2,313 )     (3,842 )
             
   
Total shareholders’ equity
    50,592       48,325  
             
      $ 50,793     $ 48,586  
             
STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Amounts in thousands)
                             
    Years ended December 31,
     
    2006   2005   2004
             
Dividends from bank subsidiary
  $ 2,800     $ 3,500     $ 3,500  
Interest and dividend income
    46       56       166  
Investment securities gains
                    88  
Other income
    89       70       81  
Other expenses
    (283 )     (270 )     (299 )
                   
 
Income before income tax and equity in
undistributed net income of subsidiaries
    2,652       3,356       3,536  
Income tax benefit (expense)
    78       72       12  
Equity in undistributed net income of subsidiaries
    1,846       906       1,295  
                   
   
Net income
  $ 4,576     $ 4,334     $ 4,843  
                   
 
(Continued)
  29


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004
 
NOTE 14 - CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION (Continued)
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Amounts in thousands)
                               
    Years ended December 31,
     
    2006   2005   2004
             
Cash flows from operating activities
                       
 
Net income
  $ 4,576     $ 4,334     $ 4,843  
 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows from operating activities:
                       
   
Equity in undistributed net income of subsidiaries
    (1,846 )     (906 )     (1,295 )
   
Investment securities gains
                    (88 )
   
Accretion on securities
    2       3       38  
   
Deferred tax benefit
    (13 )     (7 )     (7 )
   
Change in other assets and liabilities
    (141 )     (148 )     (570 )
                   
     
Net cash flows from operating activities
    2,578       3,276       2,921  
                   
Cash flows from investing activities
                       
 
Purchases of investment securities available for sale
            (356 )        
 
Purchases of investment securities held to maturity
                       
 
Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale
                    2,295  
 
Proceeds from call, maturity and principal payments
on securities
            450          
                   
     
Net cash flows from investing activities
            94       2,295  
                   
Cash flows from financing activities
                       
 
Dividends paid
    (3,870 )     (4,637 )     (4,446 )
 
Net treasury shares (repurchased) reissued
    1,139       1,168       262  
                   
     
Net cash flows from financing activities
    (2,731 )     (3,469 )     (4,184 )
                   
 
Net change in cash
    (153 )     (99 )     1,032  
Cash
                       
 
Beginning of year
    3,102       3,201       2,169  
                   
 
End of year
  $ 2,949     $ 3,102     $ 3,201  
                   
NOTE 15 - DIVIDEND RESTRICTIONS
The Bank is subject to regulations of the Ohio Division of Banks which restrict dividends to retained earnings (as defined by statute) of the current and prior two years. Under this restriction, at December 31, 2006, approximately $4,046,000 is available for the payment of dividends by the Bank without seeking prior regulatory approval. In addition, regulations specify that dividend payments may not reduce capital levels below minimum regulatory guidelines.
NOTE 16 - LITIGATION
The Bank is involved in legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, the outcomes from these other matters, either individually or in the aggregate, are not expected to have any material effect on the Company.
 
30  


 

(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
 
(In thousands of dollars, except for ratios and per share amounts)
                                           
    Years Ended December 31,
     
SUMMARY OF OPERATIONS   2006   2005   2004   2003   2002
                     
Total Interest Income
  $ 26,497     $ 23,586     $ 22,288     $ 22,907     $ 26,911  
Total Interest Expense
    11,582       8,665       8,010       8,132       10,004  
                               
NET INTEREST INCOME (NII)
    14,915       14,921       14,278       14,775       16,907  
Provision for Loan Losses
    225       545       415       240       460  
                               
NII After Loss Provision
    14,690       14,376       13,863       14,535       16,447  
Security gains (losses)
    18       308       1,052       946       215  
Gain on sale of loans
    106       89       54       470       318  
Total Other Income
    2,711       2,718       2,725       2,433       2,167  
                               
INCOME BEFORE EXPENSE
    17,525       17,491       17,694       18,384       19,147  
Total Other Expenses
    12,021       12,200       11,861       11,529       11,826  
                               
INCOME BEFORE TAX
    5,504       5,291       5,833       6,855       7,321  
Federal Income Tax
    928       957       990       1,371       1,579  
                               
NET INCOME
  $ 4,576     $ 4,334     $ 4,843     $ 5,484     $ 5,742  
                               
 
BALANCE SHEET DATA
                                       
Assets
  $ 471,751     $ 459,701     $ 446,393     $ 438,392     $ 437,598  
Investments
    233,103       234,652       225,841       222,775       199,903  
Total Loans
    205,208       188,202       191,777       189,262       191,477  
Allowance for loan losses
    2,211       2,168       2,629       2,408       3,134  
Deposits
    355,818       350,375       344,919       337,556       335,758  
Borrowings
    62,015       58,111       47,889       47,886       46,669  
Shareholders’ Equity
    50,592       48,325       49,398       49,881       52,039  
 
AVERAGE BALANCES
                                       
Assets
  $ 460,359     $ 444,487     $ 444,275     $ 436,239     $ 439,730  
Investments
    234,969       221,844       216,560       204,599       197,679  
Net Loans
    193,648       190,329       191,428       188,360       198,049  
Deposits
    348,581       341,575       343,969       335,133       336,792  
Borrowings
    59,251       49,932       46,093       44,905       47,518  
Shareholders’ Equity
    49,313       49,665       49,828       51,807       51,797  
 
PER COMMON SHARE DATA (1)
                                       
Net Income, both Basic and Diluted
  $ 1.02     $ 0.98     $ 1.11     $ 1.24     $ 1.27  
Cash Dividends Declared
    0.86       1.05       1.02       0.99       0.96  
Book Value
    11.25       10.89       11.28       11.42       11.69  
 
ASSET QUALITY RATIOS
                                       
Loans 30 days or more beyond their contractual due date as a percent of total loans
    2.26 %     2.95 %     2.45 %     1.77 %     1.89 %
Underperforming Assets as a
Percentage of:
                                       
 
Total Assets
    0.84       0.83       0.76       0.70       0.51  
 
Equity plus Allowance for Loan Losses
    7.50       7.58       6.52       5.84       4.07  
 
Tier I Capital
    7.78       7.81       7.05       6.44       4.62  
 
FINANCIAL RATIOS
                                       
Return on Average Equity
    9.28 %     8.73 %     9.72 %     10.59 %     11.09 %
Return on Average Assets
    0.99       0.98       1.09       1.26       1.31  
Effective Tax Rate
    16.86       18.09       16.97       20.00       21.56  
Average Equity to Average Assets
    10.71       11.17       11.22       11.88       11.78  
Equity to Asset Ratio
    10.72       10.51       11.07       11.38       11.89  
Tangible Equity to Tangible Asset Ratio
    10.70       10.48       11.02       11.33       11.84  
Cash Dividend Payout Ratio
    84.31       107.00       91.45       79.85       74.83  
Net Interest Margin Ratio
    3.67       3.83       3.74       3.94       4.39  
(1) Basic and diluted earnings per common share are based on weighted average shares outstanding adjusted retroactively for stock dividends. Cash dividends per common share are based on actual cash dividends declared, adjusted retroactively for the stock dividends. Book value per common share is based on shares outstanding at each period, adjusted retroactively for the stock dividends.
 
  31


 

THREE YEAR SUMMARY
AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET, YIELDS AND RATES
 
The following schedules show average balances of interest-earning and non interest-earning assets and liabilities, and Shareholders’ equity for the years indicated. Also shown are the related amounts of interest earned or paid and the related average yields or interest rates paid for the years indicated. The averages are based on daily balances.
(Fully taxable equivalent basis in thousands of dollars)
                             
    2006
     
    Average   Interest   Yield
    Balance   Earned   or
    Outstanding   or Paid   Rate
             
Interest-earning assets:
                       
 
Federal funds sold and other money markets
  $ 4,228     $ 215       5.1 %
 
Investment securities:
                       
   
U.S. Treasury and other U.S.
Government agencies and corporations
    83,615       4,257       5.1 %
   
U.S. Government mortgage-backed
pass through certificates
    79,317       3,795       4.8 %
   
States of the U.S. and political
subdivisions (Note 1, 2, 3)
    42,409       2,995       7.1 %
   
Other securities
    29,628       1,888       6.4 %
                   
TOTAL INVESTMENT SECURITIES
    234,969       12,935       5.5 %
 
Loans (Note 2, 3, 4)
    195,838       14,381       7.4 %
                   
TOTAL INTEREST-EARNING ASSETS
    435,035     $ 27,531       6.3 %
                   
Non interest-earning assets:
                       
 
Cash and due from banks
    8,733                  
 
Premises and equipment
    4,226                  
 
Other
    12,365                  
                   
TOTAL ASSETS
  $ 460,359                  
                   
Interest-bearing liabilities:
                       
 
Deposits:
                       
   
Interest-bearing demand deposits
  $ 47,415     $ 752       1.6 %
   
Savings
    82,845       850       1.0 %
   
Time
    161,050       6,907       4.3 %
                   
TOTAL INTEREST-BEARING DEPOSITS
    291,310       8,509       2.9 %
                   
Borrowings:
                       
 
Federal funds purchased
    478       25       5.3 %
 
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase
    3,991       158       4.0 %
 
Other borrowings under one year
    7,924       365       4.6 %
 
Other borrowings over one year
    46,858       2,525       5.4 %
                   
TOTAL BORROWINGS
    59,251       3,073       5.2 %
                   
TOTAL INTEREST-BEARING LIABILITIES
    350,561     $ 11,582       3.3 %
                   
Non interest-bearing liabilities:
                       
 
Demand deposits
    57,271                  
 
Other liabilities
    3,214                  
 
Shareholders equity
    49,313                  
                   
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
  $ 460,359                  
                   
Net interest income
          $ 15,949          
                   
Net interest rate spread (Note 5)
                    3.0 %
                   
Net interest margin (Note 6)
                    3.7 %
                   
Note 1 –  Includes both taxable and tax exempt securities.
 
Note 2 –  The amounts are presented on a fully taxable equivalent basis using the statutory tax rate of 34% in 2006, 2005 and 2004, and have been adjusted to reflect the effect of disallowed interest expense related to carrying tax exempt assets. Tax-free income from states of the U.S. and political subdivisions, and loans amounted to $2,045 and $192 for 2006, $2,156 and $209 for 2005, and $2,545 and $193 for 2004, respectively.
 
Note 3 –  Average balance outstanding includes the average amount outstanding of all nonaccrual investment securities and loans. States and political subdivisions consist of average total principal adjusted for amortization of premium and accretion of discount less average allowance for estimated losses, and include both taxable and tax exempt securities. Loans consist of average total loans less average unearned income.
 
32  


 

 
(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
(Fully taxable equivalent basis in thousands of dollars)  
                                                         
    2005       2004
             
    Average   Interest   Yield       Average   Interest   Yield
    Balance   Earned   or       Balance   Earned   or
    Outstanding   or Paid   Rate       Outstanding   or Paid   Rate
                             
 
 
    $ 3,619     $ 119       3.3%             $ 5,623     $ 83       1.5%  
 
 
 
      67,402       3,259       4.8%               62,418       2,920       4.7%  
 
      84,928       3,810       4.5%               85,357       3,634       4.3%  
 
      44,756       3,184       7.1%               53,832       3,764       7.0%  
      24,758       1,294       5.2%               14,953       716       4.8%  
                                                   
      221,844       11,547       5.2%               216,560       11,034       5.1%  
      192,873       13,040       6.8%               193,927       12,474       6.4%  
                                                   
      418,336     $ 24,706       5.9%               416,110     $ 23,591       5.7%  
                                               
 
      9,417                               9,276                  
      4,316                               4,637                  
      12,418                               14,252                  
                                               
    $ 444,487                             $ 444,275                  
                                               
 
    $ 49,355     $ 389       0.8%             $ 48,945     $ 263       0.5%  
      89,107       647       0.7%               90,584       501       0.6%  
      144,793       5,123       3.5%               147,662       5,023       3.4%  
                                                   
      283,255       6,159       2.2%               287,191       5,787       2.0%  
                                                   
 
      428       15       3.5%               289       4       1.4%  
      2,540       59       2.3%               2,698       26       1.0%  
      599       21       3.5%               2,781       37       1.3%  
      46,365       2,411       5.2%               40,325       2,156       5.3%  
                                                   
      49,932       2,506       5.0%               46,093       2,223       4.8%  
                                               
      333,187     $ 8,665       2.6%               333,284     $ 8,010       2.4%  
                                               
 
      58,320                               56,778                  
      3,315                               4,385                  
      49,665                               49,828                  
                                               
    $ 444,487                             $ 444,275                  
                                               
            $ 16,041                             $ 15,581          
                                               
                      3.3%                               3.3%  
                                               
                      3.8%                               3.7%  
                                               
Note 4   – Interest earned on loans includes net loan fees of $291 in 2006, $242 in 2005 and $203 in 2004.
 
Note 5   – Net interest rate spread represents the difference between the yield on earning assets and the rate paid on interest bearing liabilities.
 
Note 6   – Net interest margin is calculated by dividing the difference between total interest earned and total interest expensed by total interest-earning assets.
 
  33


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
FINANCIAL REVIEW
The following is management’s discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations of Cortland Bancorp (the “Company”). The discussion should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes and summary financial information included elsewhere in this annual report.
NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a “safe harbor” for forward-looking statements. In addition to historical information, certain information included in this discussion and other material filed or to be filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission (as well as information included in oral statements or other written statements made or to be made by the Company) may contain forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. The words “believes,” “expects,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “projects,” “contemplates,” “anticipates,” “forecasts,” “intends,” or similar terminology identify forward-looking statements. These statements reflect management’s beliefs and assumptions, and are based on information currently available to management.
Economic circumstances, the Company’s operations and actual results could differ significantly from those discussed in any forward-looking statements. Some of the factors that could cause or contribute to such differences are changes in the economy and interest rates either nationally or in the Company’s market area; changes in customer preferences and consumer behavior; increased competitive pressures or changes in either the nature or composition of competitors; changes in the legal and regulatory environment; changes in factors influencing liquidity such as expectations regarding the rate of inflation or deflation, currency exchange rates, and other factors influencing market volatility; unforeseen risks associated with other global economic, political and financial factors.
While actual results may differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements, the Company undertakes no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statement for any reason, even if new information becomes available.
CERTAIN NON GAAP MEASURES
Certain financial information has been determined by methods other than Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). Specifically, certain financial measures are based on core earnings rather than net income. Core earnings exclude income, expense, gains and losses that either are not reflective of ongoing operations or that are not expected to reoccur with any regularity or reoccur with a high degree of uncertainty and volatility. Such information may be useful to both investors and management, and can aid them in understanding the Company’s current performance trends and financial condition. Core earnings are a supplemental tool for analysis and not a substitute for GAAP net income. Reconciliation from GAAP net income to the non GAAP measure of core earnings is shown as part of management’s discussion and analysis of quarterly and year-to -date financial results of operations.
OVERVIEW and OUTLOOK
Net income for 2006 was $4,576. The performance represented an increase of $242 from the $4,334 earned in 2005. Earnings per share measured $1.02, up $0.04 or 4.1% from $0.98 in 2005.
Core earnings, which exclude the net gains on loans sold and investment securities either sold or called, loss on other real estate, and certain other non recurring items, were $4.382 million in 2006, compared to the $4.234 million earned in 2005. Core earnings per share were $0.98 in 2006 and $0.96 in 2005, up $0.02 or 2.0%.
 
34  


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
The following is a reconciliation between core earnings and earnings under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (GAAP earnings):
                 
    Years Ended
    December 31,
     
    2006   2005
         
GAAP earnings
  $ 4,576     $ 4,334  
Investment security gains
    (18 )     (308 )
Gain on sale of loans
    (106 )     (89 )
Other real estate loss
    47       3  
Other non-recurring items*
    (142 )     243  
Tax effect of adjustments
    25       51  
             
Core earnings
  $ 4,382     $ 4,234  
             
Includes a one-time change in tax accrual estimate made in the first quarter of 2006, and a one-time cash bonus declared in the third quarter of 2005 in recognition of the Bank’s performance under the retiring C.E.O.
The Company’s net interest margin continues to be affected by a sustained flattening and subsequent inversion of the yield curve as represented by the difference between long and short term interest rates. The Company’s net interest margin, on a fully taxable equivalent basis, decreased by $92 from the preceding year, with the net interest margin ratio declining from 3.83% to 3.67%.
To mitigate the effect of this net interest margin compression the Company has continued its practice of cost containment over non-interest related expenses. Total non-interest expense decreased from $12,200 in 2005 to $12,021 in 2006, a decrease of approximately 1.47%.
As of December 31, 2006, the ratio of equity capital to total assets remained well above regulatory minimums at 10.72%, up from 10.51% a year ago. Risk-based capital measured 19.93% compared to 21.16% at December 31, 2005. All capital ratios continue to register well in excess of required regulatory minimums.
Return on average equity was 9.28% in 2006 compared to 8.73% in 2005, while the year-over-year return on average assets improved from 0.98% to 0.99%. Book value per share increased by $0.36 to $11.25. The price of the Company’s common stock traded in a range between a low of $15.74 and a high of $19.36, closing the year at $18.25 per share. Although a special cash dividend was not paid in 2006, as it had been in prior years, the Company’s dividend payout remained aggressive at 84.3% of 2006 earnings in cash dividends compared to 107.0% in the prior year. Dividends per share were $0.86 compared to $1.05 per share in 2005, which included a $0.21 per share special cash dividend.
The Company is committed to an on-going investment in technology, assuring an infrastructure that effectively delivers to consumers and small-to-medium-sized business owners leading edge financial products and services. The Company’s integrated approach to technology includes internet banking services; an Integrated Voice Response system that provides customers with remote access to banking services; platform products that enhance both productivity and customer service; and check and document-imaging products, which further capitalize on the Company’s Internet banking cash management initiative. Technology is a core ingredient for the Company, enabling it to extend services to customers beyond geographic boundaries, while increasing employee productivity. These flexible and robust product solutions also offer customers capabilities which enable them to streamline their own operations and to bank around the clock.
The Company’s Internet based banking solution, NetTeller, delivers interactive information by providing customers the following capabilities: access to account information, statement information and check imaging; on-line bill payment and electronic loan payments; and the ability to remotely transfer money between accounts and to initiate wire transfers and ACH transactions. Consumers, retail and commercial customers, alike, are offered such services 24 hours a day, 365 days a year with a high level of functionality, security and ease of operation.
The Check Clearing for the 21st Century Act, or “Check 21” as it is commonly known, became
 
  35


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
effective October 28, 2004. Check 21 facilitates check collection by creating a new negotiable instrument called a “substitute check,” which permits, but does not require, banks to replace original checks with substitute checks or information from the original check and process check information electronically. Banks that do use substitute checks must comply with certain notice and recredit rights. Check 21 is expected to cut the time and cost involved in physically transporting paper items and reduce float, i.e., the time between the deposit of a check in a bank and its actual payment, in those cases where items are not already being delivered same-day or overnight. The Company is utilizing the Check 21 authority, and expects to incur additional costs for technology necessary to fully realize the potential of processing check information electronically.
During 2006, the Company acquired property in the Village of Windham and is in the process of constructing a 2,500 square foot banking facility. The banking office will replace an existing leased bank location. Construction of the full service office, which is located at the intersection of Maple Grove Road and East Center Street, is expected to be completed in the Spring of 2007.
During 2006, the Company engaged a consultant to assist management and the Board of Directors in developing a Strategic Plan. The Strategic Plan, which covers the period 2007-2010, was completed in October 2006. It establishes the Company’s Mission Statement, which is “to earn the enthusiastic, long-term loyalty of customers by being responsive to their needs for products, convenience and personal service in a manner that routinely exceeds expectations.” Several strategic initiatives are expected to be implemented during 2007, and will require a relentless focus on identifying and meeting the wants and needs of our customers, shareholders and the communities in which we operate. Incremental noninterest expenses in 2007 will be required to implement these strategic initiatives, with benefits accruing primarily to subsequent years.
BALANCE SHEET COMPOSITION
The following table illustrates, during the years presented, the mix of the Company’s funding sources and the assets in which those funds are invested as a percentage of the Company’s average total assets for the period indicated. Average assets totaled $460,359 in 2006 compared to $444,487 in 2005 and $444,275 in 2004.
                               
    2006   2005   2004
             
Sources of Funds:
                       
 
Deposits:
                       
   
Non-interest-bearing
    12.4 %     13.1 %     12.8 %
   
Interest-bearing
    63.3       63.7       64.6  
 
Federal funds purchased and repurchase agreements
    1.0       0.7       0.7  
 
Long-term debt and other borrowings
    11.9       10.6       9.7  
 
Other non-interest-bearing liabilities
    0.7       0.7       1.0  
 
Equity capital
    10.7       11.2       11.2  
 
     
Total
    100.0 %     100.0 %     100.0 %
 
Uses of Funds:
                       
 
Loans
    42.6 %     43.4 %     43.7 %
 
Securities
    51.0       49.9       48.7  
 
Federal funds sold, and other money market instruments
    0.9       0.8       1.3  
 
Bank owned life insurance
    2.5       2.5       2.3  
 
Other non-interest-earning assets
    3.0       3.4       4.0  
 
     
Total
    100 %     100.0 %     100.0 %
Deposits continue to be the Company’s primary source of funding. During 2006, the relative mix of deposits has remained steady with interest-bearing being the main source. Average non-interest bearing deposits totaled 16.4% of total average deposits in 2006 compared to 17.1% in 2005 and 16.5% in 2004. (Also see section captioned “Deposits” included elsewhere in this discussion.)
The Company primarily invests funds in loans and securities. Securities have been the largest component of the Company’s mix of invested assets. During 2006 average securities increased by $13,125 or 5.9%, while average loans increased by $2,965 or 1.5%.
The Company has also purchased bank owned life insurance policies on the lives of directors, certain employees and key members of management in conjunction with the Company’s benefit plans. The average balance increased from $10,336 in 2004 to $11,500 in 2006, reflecting the purchase of additional policies and the buildup of cash surrender
 
36  


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
value. (See additional information regarding the Company’s loan and securities portfolio in the sections captioned “Loan Portfolio” and “Investment Securities” included elsewhere in this discussion.)
ASSET QUALITY
The Company’s management regularly monitors and evaluates trends and developments in asset quality. Loan review systems require detailed monthly analysis of delinquencies, nonperforming assets and other sensitive credits. Mortgage, commercial and consumer loans are moved to nonaccrual status once they reach 90 days past due or when analysis of a borrower’s creditworthiness indicates the collection of interest and principal is in doubt.
In addition to nonperforming loans, total nonperforming assets include nonperforming investment securities and real estate acquired in satisfaction of debts previously contracted. Total underperforming assets add to this amount loans which have been restructured to provide for a reduction of interest or principal because of a deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower. Also included as underperforming assets are loans which are more than 89 days past due that continue to accrue interest income. The following table depicts the trend in these potentially problematic asset categories.
                                           
    2006   2005   2004   2003   2002
                     
Nonaccrual loans:
                                       
 
1-4 residential mortgages
  $ 887     $ 719     $ 661     $ 529     $ 474  
 
Commercial mortgages
    2,497       2,472       2,734       1,538       600  
 
Commercial loans
    188       210                       327  
 
Consumer loans
    129       41                       5  
 
Home equity loans
    222       304                          
 
Total Nonaccrual Loans
    3,923       3,746       3,395       2,067       1,406  
Other real estate owned
    35       82               986       811  
 
Nonperforming Assets
    3,958       3,828       3,395       3,053       2,217  
Restructured loans
                                    26  
 
Underperforming Assets
  $ 3,958     $ 3,828     $ 3,395     $ 3,053     $ 2,243  
The following table provides a number of asset quality ratios based on this data. Overall, asset quality reflected the cumulative effects of a general economic weakness evidenced since 2002 in the local area markets where the Company operates, but remained within limits that management considers acceptable.
                                         
    2006   2005   2004   2003   2002
                     
Nonperforming loans as a percentage of total loans
    1.91%       1.99%       1.77%       1.09%       0.73%  
Nonperforming assets as a percentage of total assets
    0.84%       0.83%       0.76%       0.70%       0.51%  
Underperforming assets as a percentage of total assets
    0.84%       0.83%       0.76%       0.70%       0.51%  
Underperforming assets as a percentage of equity capital plus allowance for loan losses
    7.50%       7.58%       6.52%       5.84%       4.07%  
Gross income that would have been recorded in 2006 on these loans, had they been in compliance with their original terms, was $398. Interest income that actually was included in income on these loans amounted to $83.
Additionally, as part of the Company’s loan review process, management seeks to evaluate potential risks which could potentially affect the ability to collect loan balances in their entirety. Reviews of individual credits as well as any concentration of credits in particular industries are subject to a detailed loan review.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
     Analysis of Net Interest Income Years Ended December 31, 2006 and 2005
Net interest income, the principal source of the Company’s earnings, is the amount by which interest and fees generated by interest-earning assets, primarily loans and investment securities, exceed the interest cost of deposits and borrowed funds. The net interest margin ratio registered 3.67% in 2006, 3.83% in 2005, and 3.74% in 2004.
Compression in the Company’s net interest margin resulted from a sustained flattening and subsequent inversion of the yield curve and, in part, from an increased level of nonperforming assets which has occurred over the past three years.
 
  37


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
                                                   
    NET INTEREST MARGIN FOR YEAR ENDED
     
    December 31, 2006   December 31, 2005
         
    Average       Average   Average       Average
    Balance(1)   Interest   Rate   Balance(1)   Interest   Rate
                         
INTEREST-EARNING ASSETS
                                               
 
Federal funds sold and other money market funds
  $ 4,228     $ 215       5.1%     $ 3,619     $ 119       3.3%  
 
Investment securities(1)(2)
    234,969       12,935       5.5%       221,844       11,547       5.2%  
 
Loans(2)(3)
    195,838       14,381       7.4%       192,873       13,040       6.8%  
                                     
Total interest-earning assets
  $ 435,035     $ 27,531       6.3%     $ 418,336     $ 24,706       5.9%  
                                     
INTEREST-BEARING LIABILITIES
                                               
 
Interest-bearing demand deposits
  $ 47,415     $ 752       1.6%     $ 49,355     $ 389       0.8%  
 
Savings
    82,845       850       1.0%       89,107       647       0.7%  
 
Time
    161,050       6,907       4.3%       144,793       5,123       3.5%  
                                     
Total interest-bearing deposits
    291,310       8,509       2.9%       283,255       6,159       2.2%  
 
Federal funds purchased
    478       25       5.3%       428       15       3.5%  
 
Other borrowings
    58,773       3,048       5.2%       49,504       2,491       5.0%  
                                     
Total interest-bearing liabilities
  $ 350,561     $ 11,582       3.3%     $ 333,187     $ 8,665       2.6%  
                                     
Net interest income
          $ 15,949                     $ 16,041          
                                     
Net interest rate spread(4)
                    3.0%                       3.3%  
                                     
Net interest margin(5)
                    3.7%                       3.8%  
                                     
(1)  Includes both taxable and tax exempt securities.
(2)   Tax exempt interest is shown on a tax equivalent basis for proper comparison using a statutory federal income tax rate of 34%.
 
(3)   Includes loan origination and commitment fees.
 
(4)   Interest rate spread represents the difference between the yield on earning assets and the rate paid on interest bearing liabilities.
(5)  Interest margin is calculated by dividing the difference between total interest earned and total interest expensed by total interest-earning assets.
The increase in interest income was the product of a 4.0% year-over-year increase in average earning assets and a 43 basis point increase in interest rates earned, while the increase in interest expense was a product of a 5.2% increase in interest-bearing liabilities and a 70 basis point increase in rates paid. The net result was a 0.6% decrease in net interest income on a fully tax equivalent basis and a 16 basis point decrease in the net interest margin.
Interest and dividend income on securities registered an increase of $1,465, or 13.9%, during the year ended December 31, 2006 when compared to 2005. On a fully tax equivalent basis, income on investment securities increased by $1,388, or 12.0%. The average invested balances increased by $13,125 from the levels of a year ago. The increase in the average balance of investment securities was accompanied by a 30 basis point increase in the tax equivalent yield of the portfolio.
Interest and fees on loans increased by $1,341 on a fully tax equivalent basis, or 10.3%, for the twelve months of 2006 compared to 2005. A $2,965 increase in the average balance of the loan portfolio, or 1.5%, was accompanied by a 60 basis point increase in the portfolio’s tax equivalent yield. Also contributing to the increase in loan income in 2006 was $185 in back interest and loan fees collected on three loans which had been in foreclosure.
Other interest income increased by $96 from the same period a year ago. The average balance of federal funds sold and other money market funds increased by $609, or 16.8%. The yield increased by 180 basis points during 2006 compared to 2005.
Average interest-bearing demand deposits and money market accounts decreased by $1,940, and savings decreased by $6,262. The average rate paid on these products increased by 48 basis points in the aggregate. The average balance on time deposit products increased by $16,257, as the average rate paid increased by 75 basis points, from 3.5% to 4.3%.
Compared to last year, average borrowings and federal funds purchased increased by $9,319 while the average rate paid on borrowings increased by 17 basis points.
 
38  


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
     Analysis of Net Interest Income — Years Ended December 31, 2005 and 2004
                                                   
    NET INTEREST MARGIN FOR YEAR ENDED
     
    December 31, 2005   December 31, 2004
         
    Average       Average   Average       Average
    Balance(1)   Interest   Rate   Balance(1)   Interest   Rate
                         
INTEREST-EARNING ASSETS
                                               
 
Federal funds sold and other money market funds
  $ 3,619     $ 119       3.3%     $ 5,623     $ 83       1.5%  
 
Investment securities(1)(2)
    221,844       11,547       5.2%       216,560       11,034       5.1%  
 
Loans(2)(3)
    192,873       13,040       6.8%       193,927       12,474       6.4%  
                                     
Total interest-earning assets
  $ 418,336     $ 24,706       5.9%     $ 416,110     $ 23,591       5.7%  
                                     
INTEREST-BEARING LIABILITIES
                                               
 
Interest-bearing demand deposits
  $ 49,355     $ 389       0.8%     $ 48,945     $ 263       0.5%  
 
Savings
    89,107       647       0.7%       90,584       501       0.6%  
 
Time
    144,793       5,123       3.5%       147,662       5,023       3.4%  
                                     
Total interest-bearing deposits
    283,255       6,159       2.2%       287,191       5,787       2.0%  
 
Federal funds purchased
    428       15       3.5%       289       4       1.4%  
 
Other borrowings
    49,504       2,491       5.0%       45,804       2,219       4.8%  
                                     
Total interest-bearing liabilities
  $ 333,187     $ 8,665       2.6%     $ 333,284     $ 8,010       2.4%  
                                     
Net interest income
          $ 16,041                     $ 15,581          
                                     
Net interest rate spread(4)
                    3.3%                       3.3%  
                                     
Net interest margin(5)
                    3.8%                       3.7%  
                                     
(1)  Includes both taxable and tax exempt securities.
(2)   Tax exempt interest is shown on a tax equivalent basis for proper comparison using a statutory federal income tax rate of 34%.
 
(3)   Includes loan origination and commitment fees.
 
(4)   Interest rate spread represents the difference between the yield on earning assets and the rate paid on interest bearing liabilities.
(5)  Interest margin is calculated by dividing the difference between total interest earned and total interest expensed by total interest-earning assets.
The increase in net interest income was the product of a 0.5% year-over-year increase in average earning assets and a 24 basis point increase in interest rates earned.
Interest and dividend income on securities registered an increase of $704, or 7.2%, during the year ended December 31, 2005 when compared to 2004. On a fully tax equivalent basis, income on investment securities increased by $513, or 4.6%. The average invested balances increased by $5,284 from the levels of a year ago. The increase in the average balance of investment securities was accompanied by an 11 basis point increase in the tax equivalent yield of the portfolio.
Interest and fees on loans increased by $566 on a fully tax equivalent basis, or 4.5%, for the twelve months of 2005 compared to 2004. A $1,054 decrease in the average balance of the loan portfolio, or 0.5%, was accompanied by a 33 basis point increase in the portfolio’s tax equivalent yield.
Other interest income increased by $36 from the same period a year ago. The average balance of Federal Funds sold and other money market funds decreased by $2,004, or 35.6%. The yield increased by 181 basis points during 2005 compared to 2004.
Average interest-bearing demand deposits and money market accounts increased by $410, while savings decreased by $1,477. The average rate paid on these products increased by 20 basis points in the aggregate. The average balance on time deposit products decreased by $2,869, as the average rate paid increased by 14 basis points, from 3.4% to 3.5%.
The average rate paid on interest sensitive liabilities increased by 20 basis points year-over-year. The average balance of interest sensitive liabilities decreased by only $97. Compared to last year, average borrowings increased by $3,839 while the average rate paid on borrowings increased by 20 basis points.
 
  39


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
The following table provides a detailed analysis of changes in net interest income, identifying that portion of the change that is due to a change in the volume of average assets and liabilities outstanding versus that portion which is due to a change in the average yields on earning assets and average rates on interest-bearing liabilities. Changes in interest due to both rate and volume which cannot be segregated have been allocated to rate and volume changes in proportion to the relationship of the absolute dollar amounts of the change in each.
Analysis of Net Interest Income Changes (Taxable Equivalent Basis)
                                                         
    2006 Compared to 2005   2005 Compared to 2004    
      Volume       Rate       Total       Volume       Rate       Total      
         
Increase (Decrease) in Interest Income:                                                    
 
Federal funds sold and other money markets
  $ 23     $ 73     $ 96     $ (38 )   $ 74     $ 36      
 
Investment Securities
                                                   
   
U.S. Treasury and other U.S. Government agencies and corporations
    818       180       998       239       100       339      
   
U.S. Government mortgage-backed pass-through certificates
    (260 )     245       (15 )     (18 )     194       176      
   
States of the U.S. and political subdivisions
    (166 )     (23 )     (189 )     (645 )     65       (580 )    
   
Other securities
    281       313       594       507       71       578      
 
Loans
    203       1,138       1,341       (68 )     634       566      
         
Total Interest Income Change
    899       1,926       2,825       (23 )     1,138       1,115      
         
Increase (Decrease) in Interest Expense:                                                    
 
Interest-bearing demand deposits
    (16 )     379       363       2       124       126      
 
Savings deposits
    (48 )     251       203       (8 )     154       146      
 
Time deposits
    617       1,167       1,784       (99 )     199       100      
 
Federal funds purchased
    2       8       10       3       8       11      
 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
    44       55       99       (1 )     34       33      
 
Other borrowings under one year
    335       9       344       (44 )     28       (16 )    
 
Other borrowings over one year
    26       88       114       315       (60 )     255      
         
Total Interest Expense Change
    960       1,957       2,917       168       487       655      
         
Increase (Decrease) in Net Interest Income on a Taxable Equivalent Basis
  $ (61 )   $ (31 )   $ (92 )   $ (191 )   $ 651     $ 460      
         
 
 
40  


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
Analysis of Other Income, Other Expense and Federal Income Tax
Total other income for 2006 decreased $280, or 9.0% compared to a decrease of $716, or 18.7% in 2005. Fees for customer services decreased by $15, or 0.7%, compared to a decrease of $73 in the prior year. The decrease is primarily due to a decline in service charge income.
Loans originated for sale in the secondary market showed gains of $106 in 2006, compared to $89 and $54 in 2005 and 2004, respectively. The early call of held to maturity securities, and transactions involving available for sale securities, combined to produce net gains of $18 in 2006, $308 in 2005 and $1,052 in 2004.
Other real estate losses amounted to $47 in 2006, $3 in 2005 and $171 in 2004. Earnings on bank owned life insurance showed an increase of $92 in 2006 compared to a decrease of $103 in 2005. Other non-interest income decreased by $40 during 2006 following a $1 increase in 2005. This income category is subject to fluctuation due to nonrecurring items.
                         
Other Income
      2006       2005       2004  
                   
Fees for other customer services
  $ 2,239     $ 2,254     $ 2,327  
Gain on sale of loans
    106       89       54  
Other real estate losses
    (47 )     (3 )     (171 )
Earnings on bank owned life insurance
    433       341       444  
Other operating income
    86       126       125  
                   
      2,817       2,807       2,779  
Investment securities net gains
    18       308       1,052  
                   
Total other income   $ 2,835     $ 3,115     $ 3,831  
Total other expenses decreased by $179 or 1.5% in 2006. This compares to an increase of $339 or 2.9% in 2005. During 2006, expenditures for salaries and employee benefits decreased by $276 or 3.9%, compared to an increase of $330 or 4.9% in 2005. This is due mainly to a one time cash bonus of $243 awarded to the retiring President and CEO in 2005. Occupancy and equipment expense decreased by $59, or 3.2%, during 2006 and increased by $17, or 0.9%, in 2005. The decrease in 2006 is due mainly to a $112 decrease in depreciation expense as some assets became fully depreciated, and a $36 increase in equipment and building maintenance.
State and local taxes stayed fairly consistent from 2004 to 2006. Bank exam and audit expense increased by $59 or 13.8% in 2006 following a decrease of $88 or 17.1% in 2005 primarily due to expenses associated with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. All other categories of non-interest expense increased by $93 in 2006 following an increase of $76 in 2005. This expense category is subject to fluctuation due to non-recurring items. The increase in 2006 is due partly to an increase in collection and foreclosure expense of $41, a one-time sundry charge-off of $22, and a $29 increase in office supplies expense.
                         
Non-Interest Expense
      2006       2005       2004  
                   
Salaries and benefits
  $ 6,776     $ 7,052     $ 6,722  
Net occupancy and equipment expense
    1,811       1,870       1,853  
State and local taxes
    552       548       544  
Office supplies
    367       338       346  
Bank exam and audit
    486       427       515  
Other operating expense
    2,029       1,965       1,881  
                   
Total other expenses
  $ 12,021     $ 12,200     $ 11,861  
 
  41


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
Salaries and employee benefits represented 56.4% of all non-interest expenses in 2006, 57.8% in 2005 and 56.7% in 2004. Salaries and employee benefits decreased by $276 in 2006 following an increase of $330 in 2005. The following details components of these increases:
                                                 
    Analysis of Changes in Salaries & Benefits
    Amounts                   Percent
     
      2006       2005       2004       2006       2005       2004  
     
Salaries
  $ (176 )   $ 317     $ (28 )     (3.2 )%     6.1 %     (1.14 )%
Benefits
    (77 )     (29 )     85       (4.6 )     (1.7 )     5.2  
                                     
      (253 )     288       57       (3.5 )     4.2       0.8  
Def’d Loan Origination
    (23 )     42       79       (16.7 )     23.3       30.5  
                                     
    $ (276 )   $ 330     $ 136       (3.9 )     4.9 %     2.1 %
Wage and salary expense per employee averaged $33,063 in 2006, $33,942 in 2005 and $31,981 in 2004. Excluding the one-time retirement bonus, the average per employee would have been $32,444 in 2005. Full-time equivalent employment averaged 161 employees in 2006 and 162 employees in 2005 and 2004. Average earning assets per employee measured $2,702 in 2006 and $2,582 in 2005, $2,569 in 2004.
Income before income tax expense amounted to $5,504 for the year ended 2006 compared to $5,291 and $5,833 for the similar periods of 2005 and 2004, respectively. The effective tax rate was 16.9% in 2006 compared to 18.1% and 17.0% in 2005 and 2004, respectively, resulting in income tax expenses of $928, $957 and $990, respectively. The decrease in the effective tax rate reflects a one time adjustment to tax expense of $145 due to a change in tax accrual estimate. The effective tax rate before the $145 adjustment was 19.5%. This would be an increase from prior years because of a reduction in tax free income. The provision for income taxes differs from the amount of income tax determined applying the applicable U.S. statutory federal income tax rate to pre-tax income as a result of the following differences:
                         
    December 31,
     
    2006   2005   2004
             
Provision at statutory rate
  $ 1,871     $ 1,798     $ 1,983  
Add (Deduct):
                       
Tax effect of non-taxable income
    (909 )     (921 )     (1,084 )
Tax effect of non-deductible expense
    111       80       91  
Tax effect of change in estimate*
    (145 )                
                   
Federal income taxes
  $ 928     $ 957     $ 990  
                   
 
One time adjustment to tax accrual estimate
Net income registered $4,576 in 2006 compared to $4,334 in 2005 and $4,843 in 2004, representing per share amounts of $1.02 in 2006, $0.98 in 2005 and $1.11 in 2004. Dividends declared per share were $0.86 in 2006, $1.05 in 2005 and $1.02 in 2004. The decrease in 2006 is due to elimination of the special dividend. Per share amounts have been restated to give retroactive effect to the 2% common stock dividend of January 1, 2007.
 
42  


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
FOURTH QUARTER 2006 AS
COMPARED TO FOURTH QUARTER 2005
                                                 
    NET INTEREST MARGIN FOR QUARTER ENDED
     
    December 31, 2006   December 31, 2005
         
    Average       Average   Average       Average
    Balance(1)   Interest   Rate   Balance(1)   Interest   Rate
(Unaudited)                        
INTEREST-EARNING ASSETS
                                               
Federal funds sold and other money market funds
  $ 9,882     $ 132       5.3%     $ 4,409     $ 44       3.9%  
Investment securities(1)(2)
    231,009       3,231       5.6%       232,498       3,104       5.3%  
Loans(2)(3)
    202,709       3,773       7.3%       190,592       3,340       7.0%  
                                     
Total interest-earning assets
  $ 443,600     $ 7,136       6.4%     $ 427,499     $ 6,488       6.1%  
                                     
INTEREST-BEARING LIABILITIES
                                               
Interest-bearing demand deposits
  $ 48,286     $ 225       1.9%     $ 50,587     $ 136       1.1%  
Savings
    80,207       207       1.0%       86,974       209       1.0%  
Time
    169,222       1,942       4.6%       148,925       1,398       3.7%  
                                     
Total interest-bearing deposits
    297,715       2,374       3.2%       286,486       1,743       2.4%  
                                     
Federal funds purchased
                    %       644       7       4.2%  
Other borrowings
    59,795       792       5.2%       54,642       689       5.0%  
                                     
Total interest-bearing liabilities
  $ 357,510     $ 3,166       3.5%     $ 341,772     $ 2,439       2.8%  
                                     
Net interest income
          $ 3,970                     $ 4,049          
                                     
Net interest rate spread(4)
                    2.9%                       3.3%  
                                     
Net interest margin(5)
                    3.5%                       3.8%  
                                     
(1)  Includes both taxable and tax exempt securities.
 
(2)  Tax exempt interest is shown on a tax equivalent basis for proper comparison using a statutory federal income tax rate of 34%.
 
(3)  Includes loan origination and commitment fees.
 
(4)  Interest rate spread represents the difference between the yield on earning assets and the rate paid on interest bearing liabilities.
 
(5)  Interest margin is calculated by dividing the difference between total interest earned and total interest expensed by total interest-earning assets.
Tax equivalent net interest income for the Company during the fourth quarter of 2006 decreased by $79, a 2.0% decrease from the fourth quarter of 2005. The yield on earning assets increased by 33 basis points while fourth quarter average earning assets increased by 3.8%, or $16,101, when compared to a year ago. This was due partly to $60 in back interest realized in the fourth quarter of 2006 on a loan which had been in foreclosure. The result was an increase in tax equivalent interest income of $648. The rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities increased by 68 basis points, while fourth quarter average interest-bearing liabilities increased by $15,738 when compared to a year ago, resulting in an increase in total interest expense of $727. The net interest margin for the quarter registered 3.55%, down 24 basis points from the same quarter a year ago.
 
  43


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
The following table shows financial results by quarter for the years ending December 31, 2006 and 2005:
FINANCIAL RESULTS BY QUARTER
(Unaudited)
                                                                 
    2006   2005
         
    For the Quarter Ended   For the Quarter Ended
         
    Dec. 31   Sept. 30   June 30   March 31   Dec. 31   Sept. 30   June 30   March 31
                                 
Interest Income
  $ 6,889     $ 6,796     $ 6,493     $ 6,319     $ 6,212     $ 5,884     $ 5,829     $ 5,661  
Interest Expense
    3,166       2,980       2,783       2,653       2,439       2,197       2,024       2,005  
                                                 
Net Interest Income
    3,723       3,816       3,710       3,666       3,773       3,687       3,805       3,656  
Loan Loss Provision
    (50 )     (45 )     (64 )     (66 )     (135 )     (160 )     (138 )     (112 )
Net Security Gains
                    18                       4       2       302  
Net Gain on Loans
    37       13       42       14       30       28       22       9  
Other real estate losses
    (12 )     (7 )     (28 )             (3 )                        
Other Income
    747       703       700       608       665       700       677       679  
Other Expenses
    (2,962 )     (3,041 )     (3,049 )     (2,969 )     (2,990 )     (3,288 )     (2,972 )     (2,950 )
                                                 
Income Before Tax
    1,483       1,439       1,329       1,253       1,340       971       1,396       1,584  
Federal Income Tax
    301       296       253       78       247       120       264       326  
                                                 
Net Income
  $ 1,182     $ 1,143     $ 1,076     $ 1,175     $ 1,093     $ 851     $ 1,132     $ 1,258  
Net Income Per Share
  $ 0.26     $ 0.26     $ 0.24     $ 0.26     $ 0.25     $ 0.19     $ 0.26     $ 0.28  
Net Core Income
  $ 1,166     $ 1,139     $ 1,057     $ 1,020     $ 1,075     $ 990     $ 1,116     $ 1,053  
Net Core Income Per Share
  $ 0.26     $ 0.25     $ 0.24     $ 0.23     $ 0.24     $ 0.22     $ 0.26     $ 0.24  
Net Interest Income
(fully taxable equivalent basis)
  $ 3,970     $ 4,067     $ 3,973     $ 3,939     $ 4,049     $ 3,964     $ 4,088     $ 3,940  
Net Interest Rate Spread
    2.9%       3.1%       3.0%       3.1%       3.3%       3.3%       3.4%       3.2%  
Net Interest Margin
    3.5%       3.7%       3.7%       3.7%       3.8%       3.8%       3.9%       3.8%  
Loan charge-offs during the quarter were $67 in 2006 compared to $185 in 2005, while the recovery of previously charged-off loans amounted to $19 during the fourth quarter of 2006 compared to $14 in the same period of 2005. The Company’s provision for loan losses during the quarter was $50 compared to $135 a year ago.
Other income increased by $82 from a year ago, due primarily to an increase in service charge income of $32 and a $55 increase in non-taxable income on bank owned life insurance policies, reflecting increases in the investment yields associated with these policies. The net gain on loans sold during the quarter amounted to $37, compared to $30 a year ago. Loss on the sale of other real estate increased from $3 in 2005 to $12 in 2006.
Total other non-interest expenses in the fourth quarter were $2,962 in 2006 compared to $2,990 in 2005, a decrease of $28 or 0.9%. Salaries and benefits constituted a $34 decrease, or 2.0%. Bank exam and audit fees decreased by $14 or 10.4% mainly due to the timing of expenses associated with the implementation of the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Other expenses increased by $20 or 1.8%.
Income before income tax during the fourth quarter amounted to $1,483 in 2006 compared to $1,340 in 2005. Income tax expense for the fourth quarter of 2006 was $301 as compared to $247 in 2005. Fourth quarter net income was $1,182 in 2006 compared to $1,093 in 2005, representing an increase of $89, or 8.1%.
Earnings per share for the fourth quarter, adjusted for the 2% stock dividend paid January 1, 2007, were $0.26 in 2006 and $0.25 in 2005.
Core earnings (earnings before gains on loans sold, investment securities sold or called and certain other non recurring items) increased by 8.5% in the fourth quarter of 2006 compared to 2005. Core earnings for the fourth quarter of 2006 were $1,166 compared to last year’s $1,075. Core earnings per share were $0.26 in 2006 and $0.24 in 2005. The
 
44  


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
following is a reconciliation between core earnings and earnings under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (GAAP earnings):
                 
    Three Months Ended
    December 31,
     
    2006   2005
         
GAAP Earnings
  $ 1,182     $ 1,093  
Gain on sale of loans
    (37 )     (30 )
Other real estate loss
    12       3  
Tax effect of adjustments
    9       9  
             
Core Earnings
  $ 1,166     $ 1,075  
             
Realized gains or losses on securities are based on net proceeds and the adjusted carrying amount of the securities, using the specific identification method. The table below sets forth the proceeds, gains and losses realized on securities sold or called for the period ended:
                 
    Three   Twelve
    Months   Months
    December 31,   December 31,
    2006   2006
         
Proceeds on securities sold or called
  $ 40     $ 1,526  
Gross realized gains
            18  
Gross realized losses
               
LOAN LOSS EXPERIENCE
For each year presented in the table on the following page, the provision for loan losses charged to operations is based on management’s judgment after taking into consideration all known factors connected with the collectability of the existing portfolio. Management evaluates the portfolio in light of economic conditions, changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio, industry standards and other relevant factors. Specific factors considered by management in determining the amounts charged to operations include previous loan loss experience; the status of past due interest and principal payments; the quality of financial information supplied by customers; the cashflow coverage and trends evidenced by financial information supplied by customers; the nature and estimated value of any collateral supporting specific loan credits; risk classifications determined by the Company’s loan review systems or as the result of the regulatory examination process; and general economic conditions in the lending area of the Company’s bank subsidiary. Key risk factors and assumptions are dynamically updated to reflect actual experience and changing circumstances.
The Company maintains an allowance for losses on unfunded commercial lending commitments to provide for the risk of loss inherent in these arrangements. The allowance is computed using a methodology similar to that used to determine the allowance for loan losses. This allowance is reported as a liability on the balance sheet within accrued expenses and other liabilities, while the corresponding provision for these losses is recorded as a component of other expense.
Certain asset-specific loans are evaluated individually for impairment, based on management’s best estimate of discounted cash repayments and the anticipated proceeds from liquidating collateral. The actual timing and amount of repayments and the ultimate realizable value of the collateral may differ from management’s estimates.
The expected loss for certain other commercial credits utilizes internal risk ratings. These loss estimates are sensitive to changes in the customer’s risk profile, the realizable value of collateral, other risk factors and the related loss experience of other credits of similar risk. Consumer credits generally employ statistical loss factors, adjusted for other risk indicators, applied to pools of similar loans stratified by asset type. These loss estimates are sensitive to changes in delinquency status and shifts in the aggregate risk profile.
 
  45


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
                                           
    2006   2005   2004   2003   2002
                     
Balance at beginning of year
  $ 2,168     $ 2,629     $ 2,408     $ 3,134     $ 2,998  
Loan losses:
                                       
 
1-4 family residential mortgages
    (29 )     (87 )     (80 )     (101 )     (97 )
 
Commercial mortgages
    (20 )     (734 )     (108 )     (589 )        
 
Consumer and other loans
    (199 )     (203 )     (66 )     (160 )     (157 )
 
Commercial loans
    (40 )     (89 )     (10 )     (270 )     (187 )
 
Home equity loans
            (6 )                        
                               
      (288 )     (1,119 )     (264 )     (1,120 )     (441 )
                               
Recoveries on previous loan losses:
                                       
 
1-4 family residential mortgages
                                       
 
Commercial mortgages
                            40          
 
Consumer and other loans
    99       100       65       108       93  
 
Commercial loans
    7       13       5       6       24  
 
Home equity loans
                                       
                               
      106       113       70       154       117  
                               
Net loan losses
    (182 )     (1,006 )     (194 )     (966 )     (324 )
                               
Provision charged to operations
    225       545       415       240       460  
                               
Balance at end of year
  $ 2,211     $ 2,168     $ 2,629     $ 2,408     $ 3,134  
                               
Ratio of net loan losses to
average net loans outstanding
    0.09%       0.53%       0.10%       0.51%       0.16%  
                               
Ratio of loan loss allowance to total loans
    1.08%       1.15%       1.37%       1.27%       1.64%  
                               
The spike in charge-offs during 2005 and 2003 primarily reflected certain impaired commercial loan credits for which specific loss reserves had previously been established. Based on its analysis and review of all known factors, management has determined the current level of the allowance to be adequate.
The following is an allocation of the allowance for loan losses. The allowance has been allocated according to the amount deemed to be reasonably necessary to provide for the possibility of losses being incurred within the following categories of loans as of December 31, for the years indicated:
                                         
    2006   2005   2004   2003   2002
                     
Types of Loans
                                       
1-4 family residential mortgages
  $ 209     $ 243     $ 265     $ 241     $ 370  
Commercial mortgages
    1,441       1,397       1,808       1,932       2,239  
Consumer loans
    183       160       50       58       109  
Commercial loans
    376       364       505       176       393  
Home equity loans
    2       4       1       1       23  
                               
    $ 2,211     $ 2,168     $ 2,629     $ 2,408     $ 3,134  
                               
The allocations of the allowance as shown in the table above should not be interpreted as an indication that future loan losses will occur in the same proportions or that the allocations indicate future loan loss trends. Furthermore, the portion allocated to each loan category is not the total amount available for future losses that might occur within such categories since the total allowance is applicable to the entire portfolio.
 
46  


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
LOAN PORTFOLIO
The following table represents the composition of the loan portfolio as of December 31, for the years indicated:
                                                                                 
    2006   2005   2004   2003   2002
                     
    Balance   %   Balance   %   Balance   %   Balance   %   Balance   %
Types of Loans
                                                                               
1-4 family residential mortgages
  $ 62,882       30.6     $ 59,910       31.8     $ 61,238       31.9     $ 57,854       30.6     $ 62,365       32.6  
Commercial mortgages
    106,160       51.7       90,983       48.3       94,019       49.0       92,822       49.0       86,929       45.4  
Consumer loans
    7,745       3.8       6,714       3.6       6,087       3.2       7,231       3.8       9,792       5.1  
Commercial loans
    17,505       8.5       19,767       10.5       19,188       10.0       21,711       11.5       22,016       11.5  
Home equity loans
    10,807       5.3       10,828       5.8       11,245       5.9       9,541       5.0       8,353       4.4  
1-4 family residential loans held for sale
    109       0.1                                       103       0.1       2,022       1.0  
                                                             
Total loans
  $ 205,208             $ 188,202             $ 191,777             $ 189,262             $ 191,477          
                                                             
The following schedule sets forth maturities based on remaining scheduled repayments of principal or next repricing opportunity for loans (excluding mortgage and consumer loans) as of December 31, 2006:
                                   
    1 Year   1 to   Over    
    or Less   5 Years   5 Years   Total
                 
Types of Loans
                               
Commercial loans
  $ 6,834     $ 4,753     $ 5,918     $ 17,505  
Home Equity
    10,807                       10,807  
                         
 
Total loans (excluding mortgage and consumer loans)
  $ 17,641     $ 4,753     $ 5,918     $ 28,312  
                         
The following schedule sets forth loans as of December 31, 2006 based on next repricing opportunity for floating and adjustable interest rate products, and by remaining scheduled principal payments for loan products with fixed rates of interest. Mortgage and consumer loans have again been excluded.
                           
    1 Year   Over    
    or Less   1 Year   Total
             
Types of Loans
                       
Floating or adjustable rates of interest
  $ 17,077     $ 730     $ 17,807  
Fixed rates of interest
    564       9,941       10,505  
                   
 
Total loans
  $ 17,641     $ 10,671     $ 28,312  
                   
 
  47


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
The Company recorded an increase of $17,006 in the loan portfolio from the level of $188,202 recorded at December 31, 2005.
Between 2005 and 2006, the balance of residential mortgage loans remained relatively unchanged. 1-4 family residential mortgages represent 30.7% of total loans in the loan portfolio compared to 31.8% in 2005. The portion of the loan portfolio represented by commercial loans (including commercial real estate) increased from 58.8% in 2005 to 60.2%. Consumer loans (including home equity loans) decreased from 9.4% in 2005 to 9.1%.
Real estate loans which include residential loans and commercial loans continue to comprise the largest share of the Company’s loan portfolio. At the end of 2006, residential loans and commercial loans comprised a combined 90.9% of the portfolio, compared to 89.0% five years ago. Home equity loans at 5.3% and consumer installment at 3.8% comprise the remainder of the portfolio in 2006. Five years ago in 2001, home equity loans comprised 3.8% of the overall loan portfolio, while consumer installment loans comprised 7.2%.
(LOAN PORTFOLIO COMPOSITION)
During 2006, approximately $15,200 in new mortgage loans were originated by the Company, an increase of $1,000 from 2005. The Company’s product offerings continue to include a service release sales program, which permits the Company to offer competitive long-term fixed interest rates without incurring additional credit or interest rate risk.
The following shows the disposition of mortgage loans originated during 2006 and 2005 (in millions):
                 
    2006   2005
         
Retained in Portfolio
  $ 8.3     $ 7.6  
Loans Sold to Investors with Servicing Rights Released
  $ 6.9     $ 6.6  
During 2006, the Company originated and retained in portfolio a larger percentage of residential mortgage loans than it sold in the secondary market. These retained loans met the Company’s asset quality criteria. Although management anticipates that secondary market originations will continue as an important aspect of loan administration, loans which are retained by the Bank portfolio will become more predominant as portfolio lending strategies are developed to enhance overall customer relationships.
The Bank is also active in home equity financing. Home Equity term loans and credit lines remain popular with consumers wishing to finance home improvements, educational costs, vacations and consumer goods purchased at favorable interest rates.
In order to improve customer retention and provide better overall balance, management also will continue to revamp and reposition the Company’s In-Portfolio product offerings during 2007.
The balance of the commercial loan portfolio as of December 31, 2006 was $123,700, an increase of $12,900 from the balance of $110,800 recorded at December 31, 2005. Short term, asset based, commercial loans including lines of credit decreased by $2,300. Commercial real estate loans increased by $15,200 during the same period. The increase in these loans has primarily resulted from a marketing campaign designed to increase market share for commercial and small business loans secured by real estate.
Management is expanding commercial real estate product offerings in an effort to establish new business relationships and capture additional market share. Loan personnel will continue to aggressively pursue both commercial and small business opportunities supported by product incentives and
 
48  


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
marketing efforts. The Bank’s lending function continues to provide business services to a wide array of medium and small businesses, including but not limited to commercial and residential real estate builders, automobile dealers, manufacturers, trucking companies, nursing homes, physicians and medical groups, funeral homes, general contractors, service contractors, restaurants, hotels/motels, retailers, wholesalers, as well as area educational institutions and other political subdivisions. For those businesses electing to finance business assets through a lease instrument the Bank also offers lease financing through a third party vendor.
Small business loans are originated by loan personnel assigned to the Community Bank offices. These loans are processed in accordance with established business loan underwriting standards and practices.
The following table provides an overview of commercial loans by various business sectors reflecting the areas of largest concentration. It should be noted that these are open balances and do not reflect existing commitments that may be currently outstanding but unfunded.
Commercial Loan Concentrations
                                 
    2006   2005
         
        % of       % of
Sector   Balances   Portfolio   Balances   Portfolio
                 
Non Residential Building/ Apartment Building
  $ 17.963       14.82%     $ 8,534       7.76%  
Hotels/Motels
    12,374       10.21%       15,005       13.65%  
Real Property Lessors
    8,315       6.86%       8,155       7.42%  
Eating Places
    7,575       6.25%       5,669       5.16%  
Steel Related Industries
    5,200       4.29%       5,317       4.84%  
Trucking and Courier Services
    4,722       3.90%       3,506       3.19%  
The single largest customer balance at year end had a balance of $4,900 in 2006 compared to $4,500 in 2005. This balance represented approximately 4.0% of the total commercial portfolio, compared to 4.1% in 2005.
In the consumer lending area, the Company provides financing for a variety of consumer purchases: fixed rate amortizing mortgage products that consumers utilize for home improvements; the purchase of consumer goods of all types; education, travel and other personal expenditures. The consolidation of credit card and other existing debt into term payout continues to remain a popular financing option among consumers.
Additional information regarding the loan portfolio can be found in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (NOTES 1, 3, 8, 11 and 13).
INVESTMENT SECURITIES
In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 115 (SFAS 115), “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities,” investment securities are segregated into three separate portfolios: held to maturity, available for sale, and trading. Each portfolio type has its own method of accounting.
Held to maturity securities are recorded at historical cost, adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts. Trading securities are marked-to-market, with any gain or loss reflected in the determination of income. Securities designated as available for sale are similarly carried at their fair market value. However, any unrealized gain or loss (net of tax) is recorded as an adjustment to shareholders’ equity as a component of Other Comprehensive Income.
One effect of SFAS 115 is to expose shareholders’ equity to fluctuations resulting from market volatility related to the available for sale portfolio. The potential adverse impact of this volatility is somewhat mitigated as bank regulatory agencies measure capital adequacy for regulatory purposes without regard to the effects of SFAS 115.
Securities designated by the Company as held to maturity tend to be higher yielding but less liquid either due to maturity, size or other characteristics of the issue. The Company must have both the intent and the ability to hold such securities to maturity.
 
  49


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
Securities the Company has designated as available for sale may be sold prior to maturity in order to fund loan demand, to adjust for interest rate sensitivity, to reallocate bank resources, or to reposition the portfolio to reflect changing economic conditions and shifts in the relative values of market sectors. Available for sale securities tend to be more liquid investments and generally exhibit less price volatility as interest rates fluctuate.
The following table shows the book value of investment securities by type of obligation at the dates indicated:
                         
    December 31,
     
    2006   2005   2004
             
U.S. Treasury and other U.S. Government agencies and corporations
  $ 86,682     $ 80,053     $ 69,670  
U.S. Government mortgage-backed pass-through certificates
    73,921       82,992       91,226  
States of the U.S. and political subdivisions
    40,807       44,714       45,689  
Other securities
    31,693       26,893       19,256  
                   
    $ 233,103     $ 234,652     $ 225,841  
                   
A summary of securities held at December 31, 2006, classified according to the earlier of next repricing or the maturity date and the weighted average yield for each range of maturities, is set forth below. Fixed rate mortgage-backed securities are classified by their estimated contractual cash flow, adjusted for current prepayment assumptions. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
                     
    December 31, 2006
     
    Book   Weighted
Type and Maturity or Repricing Grouping   Value   Average Yield(1)
         
U.S. Treasury and other U.S. Government agencies and corporations:
               
 
Maturing or repricing within one year
  $ 2,050       4.545 %
 
Maturing or repricing after one year but within five years
    11,301       4.512  
 
Maturing or repricing after five years but within ten years
    29,614       5.439  
 
Maturing or repricing after ten years
    43,717       6.033  
             
   
Total U.S. Treasury and other U.S. Government agencies and corporations
  $ 86,682       5.596 %
             
U.S. Government mortgage-backed pass-through certificates, REMICS & CMO’s:
               
 
Maturing or repricing within one year
  $ 28,359       5.137 %
 
Maturing or repricing after one year but within five years
    39,000       4.777  
 
Maturing or repricing after five years but within ten years
    5,413       4.763  
 
Maturing or repricing after ten years
    1,149       4.880  
             
   
Total U.S. Government mortgage-backed pass-through certificates, REMICS & CMO’s
  $ 73,921       4.916 %
             
States of the U.S. and political subdivisions:
               
 
Maturing or repricing within one year
  $ 2,097       7.370 %
 
Maturing or repricing after one year but within five years
    538       7.712  
 
Maturing or repricing after five years but within ten years
    7,099       7.307  
 
Maturing or repricing after ten years
    31,073       7.325  
             
   
Total States of the U.S. and political subdivisions
  $ 40,807       7.329 %
             
Other securities:
               
 
Maturing or repricing within one year
  $ 18,379       7.136 %
 
Maturing or repricing after one year but within five years
    7,518       5.501  
 
Maturing or repricing after five years but within ten years
    2,215       7.183  
 
Maturing or repricing after ten years
    3,581       6.000  
             
   
Total other securities
  $ 31,693       6.623 %
             
 
 
  (1)  The weighted average yield has been computed by dividing the total interest income adjusted for amortization of premium or accretion of discount over the life of the security by the amortized cost of the securities outstanding. The weighted average yield of tax-exempt obligations of states of the U.S. and political subdivisions has been calculated on a fully taxable equivalent basis. The amounts of adjustments to interest which are based on the statutory tax rate of 34% were $50, $13, $162 and $711 for the four ranges of maturities.  
 
50  


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
As of December 31, 2006, there were $20,154 in callable U.S. Government Agencies, $6,424 in callable obligations of states and political subdivisions that given current and expected interest rate environments are likely to be called within the one year time horizon. These securities are categorized according to their contractual maturities, with $201 classified as maturing after one year but within five years, $5,159 classified as maturing after five years but within ten years, and $21,218 classified as maturing after 10 years.
Additionally, as of December 31, 2006, there were $11,343 in callable U.S. Government Agencies and $23,902 in callable obligations of states and political subdivisions that given current and expected interest rate environments are likely to be called within the time frame defined as after one year but within five years. These securities are categorized according to their contractual maturities, with $7,693 maturing after five years but within ten years and $27,552 maturing after 10 years.
As of December 31, 2006, the carrying value of all investment securities, both available for sale and held to maturity, tallied $233,103, a decrease of $1,549 or 0.66% from the prior year. The allocation between single maturity investment securities and mortgage-backed securities shifted to a 68/32 split versus the 64/36 division of the previous year, as mortgage-backed securities decreased by $9,071, or 10.9%.
Holdings of obligations of states and political subdivisions showed a decrease of $3,907, or 8.7%, as several bonds were called during the year.
Amortization of purchase premium resulted in the decrease of holdings of U.S. Treasury securities by approximately $5, or 3.4%. Investments in U.S. government agencies and sponsored corporations increased by approximately $6,634, or 8.3%. The Company also purchased $6,026 in corporate debt securities during 2006 primarily to take advantage of floating rate repricing characteristics. The purchases were partially offset by $1,125 in debt securities that were called and $1,006 that were sold during 2006. Additionally, a $668 reversal in unrealized losses on General Motors bonds was reflected at December 31, 2006. The net result was an increase in the corporate portfolio of $4,612
Holdings of other securities increased by $188, primarily reflecting stock dividends received from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Cincinnati.
The mix of mortgage-backed securities remained weighted in favor of fixed rate securities in 2006. The portion of the mortgage-backed portfolio allocated to fixed rate securities rose to 67% in 2006 versus 64% in 2005. Floating rate and adjustable rate mortgage-backed securities provide some degree of protection against rising interest rates, while fixed rate securities perform better in periods of stable to slightly declining interest rates. Included in the mortgage-backed securities portfolio are investments in collateralized mortgage obligations which totalled $18,184 and $20,554 at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. No collateralized mortgage obligations were sold in 2006.
At December 31, 2006, a net unrealized loss of $455, net of tax, was included in shareholders’ equity as a component of Other Comprehensive Income, as compared to a net unrealized loss of $877, net of tax, as of December 31, 2005. This $422 improvement reflects the increased market value of debt securities resulting from changes in the shape of the yield curve and the level of interest rates that occurred during the year, as well as improvement in the perceived credit quality of the General Motors issues. Lower interest rates generally translate into more favorable market prices for debt securities; conversely rising interest rates generally result in a depreciation in the market value of debt securities.
The Company had $8,715 in investments considered to be structured notes as of December 31, 2006, an increase of $35, or 0.40%. The Company had no investments in inverse floating rate securities or other derivative products.
Additional information regarding investments can be found in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (NOTES 1 and 2).
 
  51


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
DEPOSITS
The Company’s deposits are derived from the individuals and businesses located in its primary market area. Total deposits at year-end exhibited an increase of 1.6% to $355,818 at December 31, 2006, as compared to $350,375 at December 31, 2005.
The Company’s deposit base consists of demand deposits, savings, money market and time deposit accounts. Average noninterest-bearing deposits decreased 1.8% during 2006, while average interest-bearing deposits increased by 2.8%.
During 2006, noninterest-bearing deposits averaged $57,271 or 16.4% of total average deposits as compared to $58,320 or 17.1% of total deposits in 2005. Core deposits averaged $299,749 for the year ended December 31, 2006, a decrease of $6,877 from the average level of 2005. During 2005, core deposits had averaged $306,626, a decrease of $4,674 from the preceding year.
Historically, the deposit base of the Company has been characterized by a significant aggregate amount of core deposits. Core deposits represented 86.0% of average total deposits in 2006 compared to 89.8% in 2005 and 90.3% in 2004. Non core deposits are represented by Jumbo CD’s, certificates of deposit in the amount of $100 or more. The Company’s portfolio of Jumbo CD’s are sourced primarily from customers in the subsidiary bank’s immediate market area, and does not include any brokered deposits.
Over the past five years, the Company has successfully increased the share of deposits represented by noninterest-bearing and NOW checking accounts. These products now comprise 24.4% of total deposits compared to 23.1% five years ago. The following depicts how the deposit mix has shifted during this five-year time frame.
(AVERAGE DEPOSIT MIX PIE CHARTS)
Additional information regarding interest-bearing deposits is presented in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (NOTE 6).
 
52  


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
ASSET-LIABILITY MANAGEMENT
The Company’s executive management and Board of Directors routinely review the Company’s balance sheet structure for stability, liquidity and capital adequacy. The Company has defined a set of key control parameters which provide various measures of the Company’s exposure to changes in interest rates. The Company’s asset-liability management goal is to produce a net interest margin that is relatively stable despite interest rate volatility while maintaining an acceptable level of earnings. Net Interest Margin is the difference between total interest earned on a fully taxable equivalent basis and total interest expensed. The Net Interest Margin Ratio expresses this difference as a percentage of average earning assets. In the past five years, the net interest margin ratio has averaged 3.91% ranging between 3.67% and 4.39%.
Included among the various measurement techniques used by the Company to identify and manage exposure to changing interest rates is the use of computer based simulation models. Computerized simulation techniques enable the Company to explore and measure net interest income volatility under alternative asset deployment strategies, different interest rate environments, various product offerings and changing growth patterns.
GAP TABLE
December 31, 2006
                                           
    Maturity or Repricing Interval
     
        Non Rate    
        Sensitive    
    3 Months   3 to 12   1 to 5   or  > 5    
    or Less   Months   Years   Years   Total
                     
Interest-Earning Assets
                                       
 
Interest-Bearing Balance from Depository Institution
  $ 24     $       $       $       $ 24  
 
Investments
    33,741       43,722       93,401       62,239       233,103  
 
Loans & Leases
    51,604       37,076       88,084       28,444       205,208  
 
Federal Fund Sold
    4,275                               4,275  
                               
Total Earning Assets
    89,644       80,798       181,485       90,683       442,610  
Other Assets
                            29,141       29,141  
                               
Total Assets
  $ 89,644     $ 80,798     $ 181,485     $ 119,824     $ 471,751  
                               
Interest-Bearing Liabilities
                                       
 
Interest-bearing Checking
  $ 27,136     $       $       $       $ 27,136  
 
Money Market Accounts
    19,117                               19,117  
 
Passbook Savings
    79,585                               79,585  
 
Time Deposits   ³ 100,000
    18,602       20,460       10,093       5,790       54,945  
 
Time Deposits  <100,000
    22,152       41,826       32,011       18,063       114,052  
 
Repurchase Agreements
    5,862                               5,862  
 
U.S. Treasury Demand
    1,153                               1,153  
 
Other Borrowings
    13,000       11,500       28,500       2,000       55,000  
                               
Total Interest-Bearing Liabilities
    186,607       73,786       70,604       25,853       356,850  
Demand Deposits
                            60,983       60,983  
Other Liabilities
                            3,326       3,326  
Shareholders’ Equity
                            50,592       50,592  
                               
Total Liabilities & Equity
  $ 186,607     $ 73,786     $ 70,604     $ 140,754     $ 471,751  
                               
Rate Sensitivity Gap
  $ (96,963 )   $ 7,012     $ 110,881     $ 64,830          
Cumulative Gap
  $ (96,963 )   $ (89,951 )   $ 20,930     $ 85,760          
Cumulative Gap to Total Assets
    (20.6 )%     (19.1 )%     4.4 %     18.2 %        
 
  53


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
The preceding Gap Table presents an analysis of the Company’s earliest repricing opportunity for each of its interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. Assets are distributed according to the earlier of interest rate repricing opportunity or expected cash flows. Time deposits and liabilities with defined maturities are distributed according to the earlier of the repricing interval or contractual maturity. Other core deposit accounts (Interest-bearing checking, Money Market and Savings accounts) are shown as being available for repricing in the earliest time frame, although management can exert considerable influence over the timing and manner of repricing such core deposits. Therefore, these accounts may reprice in later time intervals and reflect smaller incremental changes than other interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. Since management may reprice these accounts at its discretion, the impact of changing rates on net interest income is likely to be considerably different than inferred by this table.
During 2006, the effective maturities of earning assets tended to lengthen as short and intermediate rates in the credit markets rose sharply. Federal Reserve policy makers increased short-term interest rates four times during the year, from 4.25% to 5.25% in an attempt to avoid an unwelcome rise in inflation. With rates rising during the year, the volume of investment securities eligible to be called decreased, while prepayments on loans and mortgage-backed securities similarly decreased, causing the effective maturities of existing earning assets to lengthen. Management invested excess overnight funds (federal funds sold balances), with an increased allocation towards adjustable and floating rate corporate bonds, and U.S. Government agencies purchased at a discount that contain a lock-out period prior to the first call date.
While the preceding Gap Table provides a general indication of the potential effect that changing interest rates may have on net interest income, it does not by itself present a complete picture of interest rate sensitivity. Because the repricing of the various categories of assets and liabilities is subject to competitive pressures, customer preferences and other factors, such assets and liabilities may in fact reprice in different time periods and in different increments than assumed.
The computerized simulation techniques utilized by management provide a more sophisticated measure of the degree to which the Company’s interest sensitive assets and liabilities may be impacted by changes in the general level of interest rates. These analyses show the Company’s net interest income remaining relatively neutral within the economic and interest rate scenarios anticipated by management. As previously noted, the Company’s net interest margin has remained in the range of 3.67% to 4.39% over the past five years, a period characterized by significant shifts in the mix of earning assets and the direction and level of interest rates. The targeted federal funds rate during that period ranged from 1.00% to 5.25%, as Federal Reserve monetary policy turned from guarding against deflation to warding off inflationary threats.
(NET INTEREST MARGIN RATIO GRAPH)
LIQUIDITY
The central role of the Company’s liquidity management is to (1) ensure sufficient liquid funds to meet the normal transaction requirements of its customers, (2) take advantage of market opportunities requiring flexibility and speed, and (3) provide a cushion against unforeseen liquidity needs.
Principal sources of liquidity for the Company include assets considered relatively liquid, such as interest-bearing deposits in other banks, federal funds sold, cash and due from banks, as well as cash flows from maturities and repayments of
 
54  


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
loans, investment securities and mortgage-backed securities.
Anticipated principal repayments on mortgage-backed securities along with investment securities maturing, repricing, or expected to be called in one year or less amounted to $77,463 at December 31, 2006, representing 33.2% of the total combined portfolio, as compared to $73,603 or 31.4% of the portfolio a year ago.
Along with its liquid assets, the Company has other sources of liquidity available to it which help to ensure that adequate funds are available as needed. These other sources include, but are not limited to, the ability to obtain deposits through the adjustment of interest rates, the purchasing of federal funds, and access to the Federal Reserve Discount Window. The Company is also a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Cincinnati, which provides yet another source of liquidity.
Cash and cash equivalents increased from $12,897 in 2004 to $19,237 in 2005, then subsided to $14,375 in 2006. Operating activities provided cash of $5,082 in 2006, $4,275 in 2005 and $7,382 in 2004. Key differences stem mainly from: 1) a decrease in net income of $509 between 2005 and 2004 and a $242 increase between 2005 and 2006; 2) there were no loans held for sale at December 31, 2005 and 2004 and $109 at 2006; 3) gains on the sale of investments was $308 at December 31, 2005, $1,052 at December 31, 2004 and $18 in 2006; 4) amortization on securities was $506 in 2006 compared to $872 in 2005 and $1,546 in 2004; 5) loss on the sale of other real estate totaled $47 in 2006 and $171 in 2004 compared to $3 in 2005; 6) the purchase of an additional $500 of insurance contracts on the lives of participants in the supplemental post retirement benefit plan in 2004 compared to $128 in 2006 and none in 2005; 7) a liability for securities purchased yet to settle totaled $1,270 at December 31, 2004, with none at December 31, 2005 or 2006. Refer to the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for a summary of the sources and uses of cash for 2006, 2005 and 2004. The following table details the cash flows from operating activities.
                             
    December 31,
     
    2006   2005   2004
             
Net income
  $ 4,576     $ 4,334     $ 4,843  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows from operating activities:
                       
 
Depreciation, amortization and accretion
    991       1,469       2,176  
 
Provision for loan loss
    225       545       415  
 
Investment securities gains
    (18 )     (308 )     (1,052 )
 
Other real estate losses
    47       3       171  
 
Impact of loans held for sale
    (109 )             103  
 
Changes in:
                       
   
Securities to settle and securities sold to settle
            (1,270 )     1,270  
   
Purchase of insurance contracts
    (128 )             (500 )
   
Other assets and liabilities
    (502 )     (498 )     (44 )
                   
Net cash flows from operating activities
  $ 5,082     $ 4,275     $ 7,382  
                   
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMITMENTS
The Corporation has various obligations, including contractual obligations and commitments that may require future cash payments.
Contractual Obligations:  The following table presents, as of December 31, 2006, significant fixed and determinable contractual obligations to third parties by payment date. Further discussion of the nature of each obligation is included in the referenced note to the consolidated financial statements.
 
  55


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
                                                   
        Contractual Obligations
        as of December 31, 2006
         
        Payments Due in
         
        One   One to   Three   Over    
    See   Year   Three   to Five   Five    
    Note   or Less   Years   Years   Years   Total
                         
Non-interest bearing deposits
          $ 60,983     $       $       $       $ 60,983  
Interest bearing deposits(a)
    6       125,838                               125,838  
 
Average Rate(b)
            1.29 %                             1.29 %
Certificates of deposit(a)
    6       94,999       38,638       10,797       24,563       168,997  
 
Average Rate(b)
            4.54 %     4.57 %     4.80 %     4.82 %     4.61 %
Federal funds purchased and security repurchase agreements(a)
    7       5,862                               5,862  
 
Average Rate(b)
            4.34 %                             4.34 %
U.S. Treasury interest-bearing demand note(a)
    7       1,153                               1,153  
 
Average Rate(b)
            5.04 %                             5.04 %
Federal Home Loan Bank advances(a)
    7       16,500       15,000       21,500       2,000       55,000  
 
Average Rate(b)
            4.76 %     5.52 %     5.68 %     4.07 %     5.30 %
Operating leases
    8       182       215       128               525  
  (a)  Excludes present and future accrued interest.
 
  (b)  Variable rate obligations reflect interest rates in effect at December 31, 2006.
The Corporation’s operating lease obligations represent short and long-term lease and rental payments for the subsidiary bank’s branch facilities.
The Corporation also has obligations under its supplemental retirement plans as described in Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements. The postretirement benefit payments represent actuarially determined future benefit payments to eligible plan participants. The Corporation does not have any commitments or obligations to the defined contribution retirement plan (401(k) plan) at December 31, 2006 due to the funded status of the plan. (See further discussion in Note 9.)
Commitments:  The following table details the amounts and expected maturities of significant commitments as of December 31, 2006. (Further discussion of these commitments is included in Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements.)
                                           
    Expected Maturities of Commitments
    as of December 31, 2006
     
    One   One to   Three   Over    
    Year   Three   to Five   Five    
    or Less   Years   Years   Years   Total
                     
Commitments to extend credit:
                                       
 
Commercial
  $ 22,466     $ 2,459     $ 687     $ 11,167     $ 36,779  
 
Residential real estate
    280                               280  
 
Revolving home equity
    9,939                               9,939  
 
Overdraft protection
    9,827                               9,827  
 
Other
    526                               526  
Standby letters of credit
    1,810                               1,810  
Commitments to extend credit, including loan commitments, standby letters of credit, and commercial letters of credit do not necessarily represent future cash requirements, in that these commitments often expire without being drawn upon.
CAPITAL RESOURCES
Regulatory standards for measuring capital adequacy require banks and bank holding companies to maintain capital based on “risk-adjusted” assets so that categories of assets of potentially higher credit risk require more capital backing than assets
 
56  


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
with lower risk. In addition, banks and bank holding companies are required to maintain capital to support, on a risk-adjusted basis, certain off-balance sheet activities such as standby letters of credit and interest rate swaps.
The risk-based standards classify capital into two tiers. Tier 1 capital consists of common shareholders’ equity, noncumulative and cumulative perpetual preferred stock, and minority interests less goodwill. Tier 2 capital consists of a limited amount of the allowance for loan and lease losses, perpetual preferred stock (not included in Tier 1), hybrid capital instruments, term subordinated debt, and intermediate-term preferred stock.
The following graph, which is not “risk-adjusted,” depicts Tier 1 capital as a percentage of total average assets over the past several years. This measure of capital adequacy is known as the “leverage ratio.” The ratio was 11.05% in 2005 and 11.04% in 2006, and remains well above regulatory minimums.
(LEVERAGE RATIO CHART)
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 (FDICIA) required banking regulatory agencies to revise risk-based capital standards to ensure that they take adequate account of interest rate risk. Accordingly, regulators subjectively consider an institution’s exposure to declines in the economic value of its capital due to changes in interest rates in evaluating capital adequacy.
The following table illustrates the Company’s risk-weighted capital ratios at December 31, 2006 and 2005. Banks are required to maintain a minimum ratio of 8% of qualifying total capital to risk-adjusted total assets. The Tier 1 capital ratio must be at least 4%. Capital qualifying as Tier 2 capital is limited to 100% of Tier 1 capital. As the table indicates, the Company maintains both Tier 1 and total risk-based capital well in excess of the required regulatory minimum ratios.
                 
Risk-Based Capital
 
    December 31,   December 31,
    2006   2005
         
Tier 1 Capital
  $ 50,913     $ 49,031  
Tier 2 Capital
    2,238       2,189  
             
QUALIFYING CAPITAL
  $ 53,151     $ 51,220  
             
Risk-Adjusted Total Assets(*)
  $ 266,686     $ 242,106  
             
Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio
    19.09%       20.25%  
Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio
    19.93%       21.16%  
Total Leverage Capital Ratio
    11.04%       11.05%  
(*) Includes off-balance sheet exposures
In management’s opinion, as supported by the data in the table below, the Company met all capital adequacy requirements to which it was subject as of December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005. As of those dates, the Company was “well capitalized” under regulatory prompt corrective action provisions.
                                 
    Actual Regulatory   Regulatory Capital Ratio
    Capital Ratios as of:   requirements to be:
         
    Dec. 31,   Dec. 31,   Well   Adequately
    2006   2005   Capitalized   Capitalized
                 
Total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets
    19.93%       21.16%       10.00%       8.00%  
Tier I capital to risk-weighted assets
    19.09%       20.25%       6.00%       4.00%  
Tier I capital to average assets
    11.04%       11.05%       5.00%       4.00%  
SFAS 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities,” requires that investments designated as available for sale be marked-to-market with corresponding entries to the deferred tax account and shareholders’ equity. Regulatory agencies, however, exclude these ad-
 
  57


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
justments in computing risk-based capital, as their inclusion would tend to increase the volatility of this important measure of capital adequacy. Additional information regarding regulatory matters can be found in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (NOTE 12.)
REGULATORY MATTERS
On March 13, 2000, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System approved the Company’s application to become a financial holding company. As a financial holding company, the Company may engage in activities that are financial in nature or incidental to a financial activity, as authorized by the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 (The Financial Services Reform Act). Under the Financial Services Reform Act, the Company may continue to claim the benefits of financial holding company status as long as each depository institution that it controls remains well capitalized and well managed. The Company is required to provide notice to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System when it becomes aware that any depository institution controlled by the Company ceases to be well capitalized or well managed. Furthermore, current regulation specifies that prior to initiating or engaging in any new activities that are authorized for financial holding companies, the Company’s insured depository institutions must be rated “satisfactory” or better under the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA). As of December 31, 2006, the Company’s bank subsidiary was rated “satisfactory” for CRA purposes, and remained well capitalized and well managed, in management’s opinion.
MARKET RISK
Management considers interest rate risk to be the Company’s principal source of market risk. Interest rate risk is measured as the impact of interest rate changes on the Company’s net interest income. Components of interest rate risk comprise repricing risk, basis risk and yield curve risk. Repricing risk arises due to timing differences in the repricing of assets and liabilities as interest rate changes occur. Basis risk occurs when repricing assets and liabilities reference different key rates. Yield curve risk arises when a shift occurs in the relationship among key rates across the maturity spectrum.
The effective management of interest rate risk seeks to limit the adverse impact of interest rate changes on the Company’s net interest margin, providing the Company with the best opportunity for maintaining consistent earnings growth. Toward this end, management uses computer simulation to model the Company’s financial performance under varying interest rate scenarios. These scenarios may reflect changes in the level of interest rates, changes in the shape of the yield curve, and changes in interest rate relationships.
The simulation model allows management to test and evaluate alternative responses to a changing interest rate environment. Typically when confronted with a heightened risk of rising interest rates, the Company will evaluate strategies that shorten investment and loan repricing intervals and maturities, emphasize the acquisition of floating rate over fixed rate assets, and lengthen the maturities of liability funding sources. When the risk of falling rates is perceived, management will consider strategies that shorten the maturities of funding sources, lengthen the repricing intervals and maturities of investments and loans, and emphasize the acquisition of fixed rate assets over floating rate assets.
Run off rate assumptions are obtained from a service that provides forecasted prepayment speeds based on the median forecast of 11 dealer firms for various mortgage types. Repricing characteristics are based upon actual information obtained from the Bank’s information system data and other related programs. Actual results may differ from simulated results not only due to the timing, magnitude and frequency of interest rate changes, but also due to changes in general economic conditions, changes in customer preferences and behavior, and changes in strategies by both existing and potential competitors.
 
58  


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
The following table shows the Company’s current estimate of interest rate sensitivity based on the composition of its balance sheet at December 31, 2006. For purposes of this analysis, short term interest rates as measured by the federal funds rate and the prime lending rate are assumed to increase (decrease) gradually over the next twelve months reaching a level 300 basis points higher (lower) than the rates in effect at December 31, 2006. Under both the rising rate scenario and the falling rate scenario, the yield curve is assumed to exhibit a parallel shift.
During 2006, the Federal Reserve increased its target rate for overnight federal funds by 100 basis points. At year end December 31, 2006, the difference between the yield on the ten-year Treasury and the three-month Treasury had decreased to a negative 31 basis points from the positive 31 basis points that existed at December 31, 2005, indicating that the yield curve had inverted. At December 31, 2006, rates peaked at the six-month point on the Treasury yield curve. Interest rate yields for one year through thirty years were all below the maximum reached at the six-month point.
The base case against which interest rate sensitivity is measured assumes no change in short term rates. The base case also assumes no growth in assets and liabilities and no change in asset or liability mix. Under these simulated conditions, the base case projects net interest income of $15,354 for the year ending December 31, 2007.
                         
Simulated Net Interest Income Sensitivity
For the Twelve Months Ending December 31, 2007
    Net Interest    
Change in Interest Rates   Income   $ Change   % Change
             
Graduated increase of +300 basis points
  $ 15,357     $ 3       0.0 %
Short term rates unchanged (base case)
    15,354                  
Graduated decrease of -300 basis points
    15,391       37       0.3 %
The level of interest rate risk indicated is within limits that management considers acceptable. However, given that interest rate movements can be sudden and unanticipated, and are increasingly influenced by global events and circumstances beyond the purview of the Federal Reserve, no assurances can be made that interest rate movements will not impact key assumptions and parameters in a manner not presently embodied by the model.
It is management’s opinion that hedging instruments currently available are not a cost effective means of controlling interest rate risk for the Company. Accordingly, the Company does not currently use financial derivatives, such as interest rate options, swaps, caps, floors or other similar instruments.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
The Company’s consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and follow general practices within the industries in which it operates. The most significant accounting policies followed by the Company are presented in “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.” Application of these principles requires management to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Some of these policies and related methodologies are more critical than others. The Company has identified its policy on the allowance for loan losses as being critical because it requires management to make particularly difficult, subjective and/or complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain and because of the likelihood that materially different amounts would be reported under different conditions or by using different assumptions.
The allowance for loan losses represents management’s estimate of probable credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio. Determining the amount of the allowance for loan losses is considered a critical accounting estimate because it requires significant judgment and the use of subjective measurements including management’s assessment of the internal risk classifications of loans, changes in the nature
 
  59


 

CORTLAND BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
(In thousands of dollars, except for per share amounts)
 
of the loan portfolio, industry concentrations and the impact of current local, regional and national economic factors on the quality of the loan portfolio. Changes in these estimates and assumptions are reasonably possible and may have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements, results of operations or liquidity.
Accordingly, the Company has developed and maintains a comprehensive, systematic and consistently applied process to determine the appropriate amounts of the allowance for loan losses, and resultant provision for loan losses, necessary to absorb estimated credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio. The allowance for loan losses represents management’s best estimate from within an acceptable range of estimated losses that it considers appropriate and prudent, but not excessive.
While management’s evaluation of the allowance for loan losses as of December 31, 2006 has determined the allowance to be adequate, under adversely different conditions or assumptions, the Company would most likely need to increase the allowance. The assumptions and estimates used by the Company in its internal review of non-performing loans and potential problem loans, as well as the associated evaluation of the related collateral coverage for these loans, can have a significant impact on the overall assessment of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. While management has concluded that the current valuation of loan collateral is reasonable under present circumstances, if collateral valuations were significantly reduced due to either new information or other changing circumstances, additional provisions to the allowance for loan losses would most likely be necessary.
All accounting policies are important and the reader of these financial statements is encouraged to review the summary of significant accounting policies described in Note 1 of the Consolidated Financial Statements, in order to gain a better understanding of how the Company’s financial performance is reported.
For additional information regarding the allowance for loan losses, its relation to the provision for loan losses and risk related to asset quality, see sections of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” and “Management Discussion and Analysis” related to the allowance for loan losses.
IMPACT OF INFLATION
Consolidated financial information included herein has been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, which require the Company to measure financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars. Changes in the relative value of money due to inflation are generally not considered. Neither the price, timing nor the magnitude of changes directly coincide with changes in interest rates.
 
60  


 

(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
INFORMATION AS TO STOCK PRICES AND DIVIDENDS OF CORTLAND BANCORP
 
OTHER INFORMATION
The Company files quarterly reports, (Forms 10-Q), an annual report (Form 10-K), current reports on Form  8-K and proxy statements, as well as any amendments to those reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) pursuant to section 13(a) or (15)d of the Exchange Act. In 2007, the quarterly reports will be filed within 40 days of the end of each quarter, while the annual report is filed within 75 days of the end of the year. Any individual requesting copies of such reports may obtain these free of charge, as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC by visiting our web site at www.cortland-banks.com or by writing to:
Deborah L. Eazor
Cortland Bancorp
194 West Main Street
Cortland, Ohio 44410
The SEC also maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC at www.sec.gov.
The Company’s stock trades on the NASDAQ OTC market under the symbol CLDB. The following brokerage firms are known to be relatively active in trading the Company’s stock:
Community Banc Investments, Inc.
Columbus, Ohio
Contact: Greig A. McDonald
Telephone: 1-800-224-1013
Ferris Baker Watts, Incorporated
655 Metro Place South
Metro Center V, Suite 330
Dublin Ohio 43017
Telephone: 1-866-313-4803
Smith Barney Citigroup, Inc.
5048 Belmont Ave.
Youngstown, Ohio 44505
Telephone: 1-800-535-0017
Stifel, Nicholas & Co., Inc.
655 Metro Place South
Suite 200
Dublin, Ohio 43017
Telephone: 1-877-875-9352
UBS Financial Services
3701 Boardman Canfield Rd
P.O. Box 100
Canfield, Ohio 44406
Telephone: 330-533-7191
The following table shows the prices at which the common stock of the Company has actually been purchased and sold in market transactions during the periods indicated. The range of market price is compiled from data provided by brokers based on limited trading. Also shown in the table are the dividends per share on the outstanding common stock. All figures shown have been adjusted to give retroactive effect to the 2% stock dividend paid as of January 1, 2007 and the 3% stock dividend paid January 1, 2006 and 2005. The Company currently has approximately 1,696 shareholders.
                         
HIGH OR LOW TRADING PRICE PER QUARTER
    Price Per Share    
        Cash
            Dividends
    High   Low   Per Share
             
2006
                       
Fourth Quarter
  $ 18.25     $ 15.74     $ 0.22  
Third Quarter
    17.89       15.74       0.22  
Second Quarter
    18.38       17.35       0.21  
First Quarter
    19.36       17.65       0.21  
 
2005
                       
Fourth Quarter
  $ 19.99     $ 17.16     $ 0.42  
Third Quarter
    19.99       18.09       0.21  
Second Quarter
    21.33       19.04       0.21  
First Quarter
    22.14       20.18       0.21  
 
2004
                       
Fourth Quarter
  $ 23.11     $ 20.01     $ 0.42  
Third Quarter
    22.87       19.55       0.20  
Second Quarter
    25.19       20.33       0.20  
First Quarter
    28.20       24.04       0.20  
For the convenience of shareholders, the Company has established a plan whereby shareholders may have their dividends automatically reinvested in the common stock of Cortland Bancorp. Participation in the plan is completely voluntary and shareholders may withdraw at any time.
For current stock prices you may access our home page at www.cortland-banks.com.
For more information on the dividend reinvestment plan, you may contact Deborah L. Eazor at the following telephone number: (330)  637-8040 Ext. 130 or E-mail address DLEAZOR@cortland-banks.com.
 
  61


 

CORTLAND BANCORP
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
K. RAY MAHAN
Chairman
JERRY A. CARLETON
DAVID C. COLE
LAWRENCE A. FANTAUZZI
JAMES M. GASIOR
GEORGE E. GESSNER
JAMES E. HOFFMAN III
NEIL J. KABACK
RICHARD B. THOMPSON
TIMOTHY K. WOOFTER
WILLIAM A. HAGOOD
Director Emeritus
RODGER W. PLATT
Director Emeritus
OFFICERS
LAWRENCE A. FANTAUZZI
President and
Chief Executive Officer
JAMES M. GASIOR
Senior Vice President
Chief Financial Officer and
Corporate Secretary
CRAIG M. PHYTHYON
Senior Vice President
Chief Investment Officer
and Treasurer
62  


 

(CORTLAND BANCORP LOGO)
THE CORTLAND SAVINGS AND BANKING COMPANY
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
JERRY A. CARLETON
President, Carleton Enterprises Inc.
DAVID C. COLE
Partner and President
Cole Valley Motor Company
LAWRENCE A. FANTAUZZI
President and Chief Executive Officer
JAMES M. GASIOR
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
and Secretary
GEORGE E. GESSNER
Attorney
JAMES E. HOFFMAN III
Attorney
NEIL J. KABACK
Partner, Cohen & Company
K. RAY MAHAN
President, Mahan Packing Co.
and Chairman of the Board
RICHARD B. THOMPSON
Executive, Therm-O-Link, Inc.
TIMOTHY K. WOOFTER
President, Stan-Wade Metal Products
*  *  *  *  *
WILLIAM A. HAGOOD
Director Emeritus
RODGER W. PLATT
Director Emeritus
*  *  *  *  *
OFFICERS
LAWRENCE A. FANTAUZZI
President and Chief Executive Officer
JAMES M. GASIOR
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
and Secretary
STEPHEN A. TELEGO, SR.
Senior Vice President and Director of Human Resources and Corporate Administration
TIMOTHY CARNEY
Senior Vice President & Chief Operations Officer
CRAIG M. PHYTHYON
Senior Vice President, Chief Investment Officer and Treasurer
DANNY L. WHITE
Senior Vice President and Chief Lending Officer
CHARLES J. COMMONS
Vice President
MARLENE LENIO
Vice President
EMMA JEAN WOLLAM
Vice President
ROBERT J. HORVATH
Vice President
JUDY RUSSELL
Vice President
JAMES DUFF
Vice President
KEITH MROZEK
Vice President
DEBORAH L. EAZOR
Vice President
KAREN CLOWER
Vice President
ROBERT A. COGGESHALL
Vice President
GREG YURCO
Vice President
JOAN M. FRANGIAMORE
Vice President
BARBARA R. SANDROCK
Vice President
WILLIAM J. HOLLAND
Vice President
MICHAEL MATTOCKS
Vice President
DEAN S. EVANS
Vice President
MARCEL P. ARNAL
Assistant Vice President
GRACE J. BACOT
Assistant Vice President
SHIRLEY F. ROOT
Assistant Vice President
DARLENE MACK
Assistant Vice President
and Trust Officer
JANET K. HOUSER
Assistant Vice President
RUSSELL E. TAYLOR
Assistant Vice President
BARBARA McKENZIE
Assistant Vice President
JAMES HUGHES
Assistant Vice President
SHIRLEY A. WADE
Assistant Vice President
DESIREE SORBER
Assistant Vice President
LANA MUIR
Assistant Secretary-Treasurer
HEATHER J. BOWSER
Assistant Secretary-Treasurer
KAREN MILLER
Assistant Secretary
  63


 

CORTLAND BANKS OFFICES AND LOCATIONS
Thirteen Offices Serving These Fine Communities
BOARDMAN
8580 South Avenue
Youngstown, Ohio 44514
330-758-5884
BOARDMAN
Victor Hills Plaza
6538 South Avenue
Boardman, Ohio 44512
330-629-9151
BRISTOL
6090 State Route 45
Bristolville, Ohio 44402
330-889-3062
BROOKFIELD
7325 Warren-Sharon Road
Brookfield, Ohio 44403
330-448-6814
CORTLAND
194 West Main Street
Cortland, Ohio 44410
330-637-8040
HUBBARD
890 West Liberty Street
Hubbard, Ohio 44425
330-534-2265
MANTUA
11661 State Route 44
Mantua, Ohio 44255
330-274-3111
NILES PARK PLAZA
815 Youngstown-Warren Road
Suite 1
Niles, Ohio 44446
330-652-8700
NORTH BLOOMFIELD
8837 State Route 45
North Bloomfield, Ohio 44450
440-685-4731
VIENNA
4434 Warren-Sharon Road
Vienna, Ohio 44473
330-394-1438
WARREN
2935 Elm Road
Warren, Ohio 44483
330-372-1520
WILLIAMSFIELD
5917 U.S. Route 322
Williamsfield, Ohio 44093
440-293-7502
WINDHAM
9690 East Center Street
Windham, Ohio 44288
330-326-2340
Member
Federal Reserve System
and
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Visit us at our home page on the world wide web at
www.cortland-banks.com
or e-mail us at cbinfo@cortland-banks.com
64  
 

Exhibit 21
SUBSIDIARIES OF THE REGISTRANT
     The following lists the subsidiaries of the registrant and the state of incorporation of each:
     
NAME   INCORPORATED
1) The Cortland Savings and Banking Company
  Ohio
 
   
2) New Resources Leasing Company
  Ohio

 

 

Exhibit 23
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Prospectuses constituting part of the Registration Statements on Form S-8 for the Cortland Savings and Banking 401 (k) Plan and Form S-3 for the Cortland Bancorp Dividend Reinvestment Plan of our report dated March 7, 2007, with respect to the consolidated balance sheets of Cortland Bancorp and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2006, and management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Cortland Bancorp for the year ended December 31, 2006.
     
 
  -S- PACKER THOMAS
 
Youngstown, Ohio
  PACKER THOMAS
March 13, 2007
   

 

 

Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION
I, Lawrence A. Fantauzzi, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Cortland Bancorp;
2. Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b) Designed such internal controls over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter(the registrant’s fourth quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: March 13, 2007.
         
     
  /s/ Lawrence A. Fantauzzi    
  Lawrence A. Fantauzzi   
  Title:   Chief Executive Officer   
 

 

 

Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION
I, James M. Gasior, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Cortland Bancorp;
2. Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b) Designed such internal controls over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: March 13, 2007
         
     
  /s/ James M. Gasior    
  James M. Gasior,    
  Title:   Chief Financial Officer   
 

 

 

Exhibit 32
CERTIFICATIONS OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND
CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO TITLE 18, UNITED
STATES CODE, SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT
TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
     In connection with the Annual Report of Cortland Bancorp (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the annual period ended December 31, 2006 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Lawrence A. Fantauzzi, the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to Title 18, United States Code, Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
  (1)   The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
 
  (2)   The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
         
 
  /s/ Lawrence A. Fantauzzi *
 
Print Name: Lawrence A. Fantauzzi
   
 
  Title: Chief Executive Officer    
 
  Date: March 13, 2007    
     In connection with the Annual Report of Cortland Bancorp (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the annual period ended December 31, 2006 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, James M. Gasior, the Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to Title 18, United States Code, Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
  (1)   The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
 
  (2)   The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
         
 
  /s/ James M. Gasior *
 
Print Name: James M. Gasior
   
 
  Title: Chief Financial Officer    
 
  Date: March 13, 2007    
 
*   This certification is being furnished as required by Rule 13a-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code, and shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liability of that Section. This certification shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Exchange Act, except as otherwise stated in such filing.
A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906, or other document authenticating, acknowledging, or otherwise adopting the signature that appears in typed form within the electronic version of this written statement required by Section 906, has been provided to and is being retained by Cortland Bancorp and will be forwarded to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.