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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | November 27, 2022 | | May 29, 2022 | | November 28, 2021 | | May 30, 2021 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 6,830 | | | $ | 1,643 | | | $ | 1,091 | | | $ | 1,159 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents, discontinued operations | — | | | — | | | — | | | 136 | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 6,830 | | | $ | 1,643 | | | $ | 1,091 | | | $ | 1,295 | |
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value and consist of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | November 27, 2022 | | May 29, 2022 |
| Finished goods | $ | 38,882 | | | $ | 33,029 | |
| Raw materials | 26,959 | | | 24,221 | |
| Work in progress | 11,683 | | | 9,595 | |
| Total | $ | 77,524 | | | $ | 66,845 | |
If the cost of the inventories exceeds their net realizable value, provisions are recorded currently to reduce them to net realizable value. The Company also records a provision for slow moving and obsolete inventories based on the estimate of demand for its products.
Accounts Receivable, Sales Returns and Allowance for Credit Losses
The Company carries its accounts receivable at their face amounts less an allowance for estimated sales returns and credit losses. Sales return allowances are estimated based on historical sales return amounts.
The Company uses the loss rate method to estimate its expected credit losses on trade accounts receivable and contract assets. In order to estimate expected credit losses, the Company assessed recent historical experience, current economic conditions and any reasonable and supportable forecasts to identify risk characteristics that are shared within the financial asset. These risk characteristics are then used to bifurcate the loss rate method into risk pools. The risk pools were determined based on the industries in which the Company operates. Historical credit loss for each risk pool is then applied to the current period aging as presented in the identified risk pools to determine the needed reserve allowance. At times when there are no current economic conditions or forecasts that may affect future credit losses, the Company has determined that recent historical experience provides the best basis for estimating credit losses.
The information obtained from assessing historical experience, current economic conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts were used to identify risk characteristics that can affect future credit loss experience. There were no significant risk characteristics identified in the review of historical experiences or in the review of estimates of current economic conditions and forecasts.
Estimating credit losses based on risk characteristics requires significant judgment by management. Significant judgments include, but are not limited to: assessing current economic conditions and the extent to which they are relevant to the existing characteristics of the Company’s financial assets, the estimated life of financial assets, and the level of reliance on historical experience in light of economic conditions. The Company will continually review and update, when necessary, its
historical risk characteristics that are meaningful to estimating credit losses, any new risk characteristics that arise in the natural course of business, and the estimated life of its financial assets.
The changes in the Company’s allowance for credit losses are summarized in the following table (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Balance at
beginning of
period | | | | Provision (benefit) for expected credit losses | | Write offs,
net of
recoveries | | Balance at
end of period |
| Six months ended November 27, 2022 | $ | 65 | | | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 65 | |
| Six months ended November 28, 2021 | $ | 85 | | | | | $ | (14) | | | $ | — | | | $ | 71 | |
Debt Issuance Costs
The Company records its line of credit debt issuance costs as an asset, and as such, $0.7 million and $1.5 million were recorded as Prepaid expenses and other current assets, and Other assets in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets, respectively, as of November 27, 2022, and $0.7 million and $1.9 million, respectively, as of May 29, 2022. The Company records its term debt issuance costs as a contra-liability, and as such, $4.7 million was recorded as a reduction to Current portion of long-term debt, net, and Long-term debt, net in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets, respectively, as of November 27, 2022, and $5.5 million as of May 29, 2022.
Financial Instruments
The Company’s financial instruments are primarily composed of commercial-term trade payables, debt instruments, and derivative instruments. For short-term instruments, the historical carrying amount approximates the fair value of the instrument. The fair value of long-term debt and lines of credit approximates their carrying value.
Cash Flow Hedges
The Company has entered into interest rate swap agreements to manage interest rate risk. These derivative instruments may offset a portion of the changes in interest expense. The Company designates these derivative instruments as cash flow hedges. The Company accounts for its derivative instruments as either an asset or a liability and carries them at fair value in Other assets or Other non-current liabilities. The accounting for changes in the fair value of the derivative instrument depends on the intended use of the derivative instrument and the resulting designation.
For derivative instruments that hedge the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows and are designated as cash flow hedges, the entire change in the fair value of the hedging instrument is recorded as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss (“AOCL”) in Stockholders’ Equity. Those amounts are subsequently reclassified to earnings in the same line item in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income as impacted when the hedged item affects earnings. To receive hedge accounting treatment, cash flow hedges must be highly effective in offsetting changes to expected future cash flows on hedged transactions.
During the third quarter of fiscal year 2021, the Company discontinued its hedge accounting prospectively since it was determined that the derivatives are no longer highly effective in offsetting changes in the net investment. The derivatives continue to be carried at fair value in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets with changes in their fair values from the date of discontinued hedge accounting recognized in current period earnings in Other income (expense), net in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income. Amounts previously accumulated in AOCL during the period of effectiveness will continue to be realized over the remaining term of the underlying forecasted debt payments as a component of AOCL in Stockholders’ Equity.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Comprehensive income (loss) consists of two components, net loss and other comprehensive income (loss) (“OCI”). OCI refers to revenue, expenses, and gains and losses that under GAAP are recorded as a component of stockholders’ equity but are excluded from net loss. The Company’s OCI consists of net deferred gains and losses on its interest rate swap derivative instruments. The components of AOCL, net of tax, are as follows:
| | | | | |
| (In thousands) | AOCL |
Balance as of May 29, 2022 | $ | (586) | |
| |
| Amounts reclassified from OCI | 586 | |
| Other comprehensive income, net | $ | 586 | |
Balance as of November 27, 2022 | $ | — | |
Assets Held for Sale
In May 2021 the Board of Directors approved a plan to sell Curation Foods’ Rock Hill, South Carolina distribution facility. There was no impairment recorded in fiscal year 2021. The asset was sold on June 9, 2021 for gross proceeds of $1.1 million. A gain of $0.6 million was recorded upon the sale, which is included in loss from discontinued operations within the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income.
In May 2022 the Board of Directors approved a plan to sell the assets of Curation Foods’ BreatheWay packaging technology business. The $1.0 million carrying value of these assets ($0.9 million of inventory and $0.1 million net book value of property and equipment) are included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of May 29, 2022 and were classified as assets held for sale. There was no impairment recorded in fiscal year 2022. These assets were sold during the first quarter of fiscal year 2023 for net proceeds of $3.1 million. A gain of $2.1 million was recorded upon the sale, which is included in Selling, general and administrative within the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income.
Leases
Under Topic 842, the Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of remaining lease payments over the lease term. For this purpose, the Company considers only payments that are fixed and determinable at the time of commencement. As most of the leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The incremental borrowing rate is a quoted rate based on the understanding of what the Company’s credit rating would be. Certain agreements may contain the option to extend the lease term, terminate the lease before the contractual expiration date, or purchase the leased asset. The Company, when reasonably certain to exercise the option, considers these options in determining the measurement of the lease. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees.
The Company’s lease agreements generally contain lease and non-lease components. Non-lease components primarily include payments for maintenance and utilities. The Company combines fixed payments for non-lease components with lease payments and accounts for them together as a single lease component which increases the amount of lease assets and liabilities.
Payments under lease arrangements are primarily fixed; however, certain lease agreements contain variable payments, which are expensed as incurred and are not included in the operating lease assets and liabilities. These amounts primarily include payments affected by changes in price indices.
Long-lived and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets
The Company’s intangible assets are comprised of customer relationships with a finite estimated useful life of 12 years, and trademarks/tradenames and goodwill with indefinite useful lives.
During the quarter ended November 27, 2022, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $1.0 million related to Yucatan Foods indefinite-lived intangible asset related to trademarks/tradenames. In addition, during the quarter ended November 27, 2022, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $0.3 million related to O Olive’s indefinite-lived intangible asset for their trademarks/tradenames. The impairments were determined using the royalty savings method to estimate the fair value of its trademarks and was primarily a result of an indication of a decrease in the fair market value of the Yucatan Foods and O Olive businesses driven by lower market valuations and a decrease in projected cash flows. The impairment charge is included in the line item “Impairment of indefinite-lived intangible assets” on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income, and is reported in the Curation Foods business segment (See Note 7).
Fair Value Measurements
The Company uses fair value measurement accounting for financial assets and liabilities and for financial instruments and certain other items measured at fair value. The Company has elected the fair value option for its investment in a non-public company. The Company has not elected the fair value option for any of its other eligible financial assets or liabilities.
The accounting guidance established a three-tier hierarchy for fair value measurements, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
Level 1 – observable inputs such as quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.
Level 2 – inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are observable either directly or indirectly through corroboration with observable market data.
Level 3 – unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which would require the Company to develop its own assumptions.
As of November 27, 2022 and May 29, 2022, the Company held certain assets and liabilities that are required or it elected to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis, including its interest rate swap contracts.
As of May 29, 2022, related to the assets of Curation Foods’ BreatheWay packaging technology business, the Company had $1.0 million in Prepaid expenses and other current assets within the Consolidated Balance Sheet meeting the criteria of held for sale. These assets are recognized at the lower of cost or fair value less cost to sell using market approach. The fair value of these assets are classified as level 3 in the fair value hierarchy due to a mix of unobservable inputs utilized such as independent research in the market as well as actual quotes from market participants.
Imprecision in estimating unobservable market inputs can affect the amount of gain or loss recorded for a particular position. The use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date.
The following table summarizes the fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Fair Value at November 27, 2022 | | Fair Value at May 29, 2022 |
| Assets: | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 |
| Assets held for sale - nonrecurring | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 1,027 | |
| Current assets, discontinued operation | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Assets held for sale - nonrecurring | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Property & equipment, as restated | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 3,500 | | | — | |
| Customer relationship, as restated | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 1,400 | |
| Tradenames, as restated | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 4,000 | |
| Total assets | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 3,500 | | | 6,427 | |
Revenue Recognition
The Company follows the five step, principles-based model to recognize revenue upon the transfer of promised goods or services to customers and in an amount that reflects the consideration for which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Revenue, net of estimated allowances and returns, is recognized when or as the Company satisfies its performance obligations under a contract and control of the product is transferred to the customer.
Lifecore
Lifecore generates revenue from two integrated activities: CDMO and Fermentation. CDMO is comprised of aseptic and development services. Lifecore’s standard terms of sale are generally included in its contracts and purchase orders. Shipping and other transportation costs charged to customers are recorded in both revenue and cost of goods sold. Lifecore has elected to account for shipping and handling as fulfillment activities, and not as a separate performance obligation. Lifecore’s standard payment terms with its customers generally range from 30 days to 60 days.
Aseptic
Lifecore provides aseptic formulation and filling of syringes and vials with precisely formulated medical grade HA and non-HA materials for injectable products used for medical purposes. In instances where our customers contract with us to aseptically fill syringes or vials with our HA, the goods are not distinct in the context of the contract. Lifecore recognizes revenue
for these products at the point in time when legal title to the product is transferred to the customer, which is at the time that shipment is made or upon delivery of the product.
Development Services
Lifecore provides product development services to assist its customers in obtaining regulatory approval for the commercial sale of their drug product. These services include activities such as technology development, material component changes, analytical method development, formulation development, pilot studies, stability studies, process validation and production of materials for use within clinical studies. The Company’s customers benefit from the expertise of its scientists who have extensive experience performing such tasks.
Each of the promised goods and services are not distinct in the context of the contract as the goods and services are highly interdependent and interrelated. The services described above are significantly affected by each other because Lifecore would not be able to fulfill its promise by transferring each of the goods or services independently.
Revenues generated from development services arrangements are recognized over time as Lifecore is creating an asset without an alternate use as it is unique to the customer. Furthermore, the Company has an enforceable right to payment for the performance completed to date for its costs incurred in satisfying the performance obligation plus a reasonable profit margin. For each of the development activities performed by Lifecore as described above, labor is the primary input (i.e., labor costs represent the majority of the costs incurred in the completion of the services). The Company determined that labor hours are the best measure of progress as it most accurately depicts the effort extended to satisfy the performance obligation over time.
Fermentation
Lifecore manufactures and sells pharmaceutical-grade sodium hyaluronate (“HA”) in bulk form to its customers. The HA produced is distinct as customers are able to utilize the product provided under HA supply contracts when they obtain control. Lifecore recognizes revenue for these products at the point in time when legal title to the product is transferred to the customer, which is at the time that shipment is made or upon delivery of the product to our customer.
Curation Foods
Curation Foods’ standard terms of sale, both prior to and following the Eat Smart Disposition, are generally included in its contracts and purchase orders. Revenue is recognized at the time shipment is made or upon delivery as control of the product is transferred to the customer. Shipping and other transportation costs charged to customers are recorded in both revenue and cost of goods sold. Curation Foods has elected to account for shipping and handling as fulfillment activities, and not as a separate performance obligation. Curation Foods’ standard payment terms with its customers generally range from 30 days to 90 days. Certain customers may receive cash-based incentives (including: volume rebates, discounts, and promotions), which are accounted for as variable consideration to Curation Foods’ performance obligations. Curation Foods estimates these sales incentives based on the expected amount to be provided to its customers and reduces revenues recognized towards its performance obligations. The Company has not historically had and does not anticipate significant changes in its estimates for variable consideration.
The Company disaggregates its revenue by segment based on how it markets its products and services and reviews results of operations. The following tables disaggregate segment revenue by major product lines and services:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | |
| Lifecore: | November 27, 2022 | | November 28, 2021 | | November 27, 2022 | | November 28, 2021 | | | |
| Contact development and manufacturing organization | $ | 16,032 | | | $ | 21,363 | | | $ | 34,279 | | | $ | 39,152 | | | | |
| Fermentation | 5,659 | | | 3,583 | | | 11,114 | | | 7,746 | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Total | $ | 21,691 | | | $ | 24,946 | | | $ | 45,393 | | | $ | 46,898 | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | |
| Curation Foods: | November 27, 2022 | | November 28, 2021 | | November 27, 2022 | | November 28, 2021 | | | |
| Avocado products | $ | 14,915 | | | $ | 15,381 | | | $ | 32,009 | | | $ | 32,343 | | | | |
| Olive Oil and vinegars | 2,196 | | | 2,508 | | | 4,755 | | | 4,848 | | | | |
| Technology | — | | | 617 | | | — | | | 995 | | | | |
| Total | $ | 17,111 | | | $ | 18,506 | | | $ | 36,764 | | | $ | 38,186 | | | | |
Contract Assets and Liabilities
Contract assets primarily relate to the Company’s conditional right to consideration for work completed but not billed at the reporting date. The Company’s contract assets as of November 27, 2022 and May 29, 2022, were $8.4 million and $10.2 million, respectively.
Contract liabilities primarily relate to payments received from customers in advance of performance under the contract. The Company’s contract liabilities as of November 27, 2022 and May 29, 2022, were $0.7 million and $0.9 million, respectively. Revenue recognized during the three and six months ended November 27, 2022, that was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of fiscal year 2023, was $0.1 million and $0.4 million, respectively.
Shipping and Handling Costs
Amounts billed to third-party customers for shipping and handling are included as a component of revenues. Shipping and handling costs incurred are included as a component of cost of products sold and represent costs incurred to ship product from the processing facility or distribution center to the end consumer markets.
Legal Contingencies
In the ordinary course of business, the Company is involved in various legal proceedings and claims.
The Company makes a provision for a liability relating to legal matters when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. These provisions are reviewed at least each fiscal quarter and adjusted to reflect the impacts of negotiations, estimated settlements, legal rulings, advice of legal counsel and other information and events pertaining to a particular matter. Legal fees are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.
Compliance Matters and Related Litigation
On December 1, 2018, the Company acquired all of the voting interests and substantially all of the assets of Yucatan Foods (the “Yucatan Acquisition”), which owns a guacamole manufacturing plant in Mexico called Procesadora Tanok, S de RL de C.V. (“Tanok”).
On October 21, 2019, the Company retained Latham & Watkins, LLP to conduct an internal investigation relating to potential environmental and Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”) compliance matters associated with regulatory permitting at the Tanok facility in Mexico. The Company subsequently disclosed to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and the U.S. Department of Justice (“DOJ”) the conduct under investigation, and these agencies have commenced an investigation. The Company has also disclosed the conduct under investigation to the Mexican Attorney General’s Office, which has commenced an investigation, and to Mexican regulatory agencies. The Company is cooperating in the government investigations and requests for information. The conduct at issue began prior to the Yucatan Acquisition, and the agreement for the Yucatan Acquisition provides the Company with certain indemnification rights that may allow the Company to recover the cost of a portion of the liabilities that have been and may be incurred by the Company in connection with these compliance matters. On September 2, 2020, one of the former owners of Yucatan filed a lawsuit against the Company in Los Angeles County Superior Court for breach of employment agreement, breach of contract, breach of holdback agreement, declaratory relief and accounting, and related claims. The Plaintiff seeks over $10 million in damages, including delivery of shares of his stock held in escrow for the indemnification claims described above. On November 3, 2020, the Company filed an answer and cross-complaint against the Plaintiff and other parties for fraud, indemnification, and other claims, and seeking no less than $80 million in damages.
At this stage, the ultimate outcome of these or any other investigations, legal actions, or potential claims that may arise from the matters under investigation is uncertain and the Company cannot reasonably predict the timing or outcomes, or estimate
the amount of net loss after indemnification, or its effect, if any, on its financial statements. Separately, there are indemnification provisions in the purchase agreement that may allow the Company to recover costs for fraud or breach of the purchase agreement from the seller. Because recovery of amounts are contingent upon a legal settlement, no amounts have been recorded as recoverable costs for the three and six months ended November 27, 2022.
During the third quarter of fiscal year 2021 the Company reached a resolution with its insurance carrier that resulted in a recovery of $1.6 million which is recorded as a reduction of Selling, general and administrative in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the fiscal year ended May 30, 2021. Absent further material developments in the investigation, the Company does not expect additional material recovery from the insurance carrier.
2. Investment in Non-public Company
On February 15, 2011, Curation Foods entered into a share purchase agreement (the “Windset Purchase Agreement”) with Windset. Pursuant to the Windset Purchase Agreement, Curation Foods purchased from Windset 150,000 Senior A preferred shares for $15.0 million and 201 common shares for $201. On July 15, 2014, Curation Foods increased its investment in Windset by purchasing from the Newell Capital Corporation an additional 68 common shares and 51,211 junior preferred shares of Windset for $11.0 million. After this purchase, the Company’s common shares represented a 26.9% ownership interest in Windset. The Senior A preferred shares yielded a cash dividend of 7.5% annually. The dividend was payable within 90 days of each anniversary of the execution of the Windset Purchase Agreement. The non-voting junior preferred stock did not yield a dividend unless declared by the Board of Directors of Windset and no such dividend has been declared.
On June 1, 2021, the Company and Curation Foods entered into and closed a share purchase agreement (the “Newell Purchase Agreement”) with Newell Capital Corporation and Newell Brothers Investment 2 Corp., as purchasers (the “Purchasers”) and Windset, pursuant to which Curation Foods sold all of its equity interests of Windset to the Purchasers in exchange for an aggregate purchase price of $45.1 million.
3. Stock-based Compensation and Stockholders’ Equity
Stock-Based Compensation Activity
The estimated fair value for stock options, which determines the Company’s calculation of stock-based compensation expense, is based on the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Restricted stock units (“RSUs”) are valued at the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date. The Company uses the straight-line method to recognize the fair value of stock-based compensation arrangements.
During the three months ended November 27, 2022, the Company granted 17,850 options to purchase shares of common stock and awarded 3,825 RSUs. During the six months ended November 27, 2022, the Company granted 743,050 options to purchase shares of common stock and awarded 259,090 RSUs.
As of November 27, 2022, the Company has reserved 3.4 million shares of common stock for future issuance under its current and former equity plans.
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
The Company’s stock-based awards include stock option grants and RSUs. The Company records compensation expense for stock-based awards issued to employees and directors in exchange for services provided based on the estimated fair value of the awards on their grant dates and is recognized over the required service periods, generally the vesting period.
The following table summarizes stock-based compensation by income statement line item:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended | | Six months ended |
| (In thousands) | November 27, 2022 | | November 28, 2021 | | November 27, 2022 | | November 28, 2021 |
| Continuing operations: | | | | | | | |
| Cost of product sales | $ | 97 | | | $ | 75 | | | 198 | | | $ | 153 | |
| Research and development | 52 | | | 51 | | | 142 | | | 100 | |
| Selling, general and administrative | 959 | | | 552 | | | 1,553 | | | 1,087 | |
| Discontinued Operations: | | | | | | | |
| Cost of product sales | — | | | 8 | | | — | | | (34) | |
| Total stock-based compensation | $ | 1,108 | | | $ | 686 | | | $ | 1,893 | | | $ | 1,306 | |
As of November 27, 2022, there was $5.7 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested equity compensation awards granted under the Lifecore incentive stock plans. Total expense is expected to be recognized over the weighted-average period of 2.26 for stock options and 2.29 years for RSUs.
Stock Repurchase Plan
On July 14, 2010, the Board of Directors of the Company approved the establishment of a stock repurchase plan which allows for the repurchase of up to $10.0 million of the Company’s common stock. The Company may still repurchase up to $3.8 million of the Company’s common stock under the Company’s stock repurchase plan. The Company may repurchase its common stock from time to time in open market purchases or in privately negotiated transactions. The timing and actual number of shares repurchased is at the discretion of management of the Company and will depend on a variety of factors, including stock price, corporate and regulatory requirements, market conditions, the relative attractiveness of other capital deployment opportunities and other corporate priorities. The stock repurchase program does not obligate Lifecore Biomedical to acquire any amount of its common stock and the program may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time at the Company’s discretion without prior notice. During the six months ended November 27, 2022 and November 28, 2021, the Company did not purchase any shares on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions.
4. Diluted Earnings Per Share
The following table sets forth the computation of diluted earnings per share:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | | |
(In thousands, except per share amounts) | November 27, 2022 | | November 28, 2021 | | November 27, 2022 | | November 28, 2021 | | | | |
| Numerator: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Net loss | $ | (12,449) | | | $ | (38,441) | | | $ | (23,800) | | | $ | (47,918) | | | | | |
| Denominator: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Weighted average shares for basic net loss per share | 29,634 | | | 29,471 | | | 29,605 | | | 29,448 | | | | | |
| Effect of dilutive securities: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Stock options and restricted stock units | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | | | |
| Weighted average shares for diluted net loss per share | 29,634 | | | 29,471 | | | 29,605 | | | 29,448 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Basic and Diluted net loss per share | $ | (0.42) | | | $ | (1.30) | | | $ | (0.80) | | | $ | (1.63) | | | | | |
Due to the Company’s net loss for the three and six months ended November 27, 2022 and November 28, 2021, the net loss per share includes only the weighted average shares outstanding and thus excludes RSUs and stock options, as such impact would be antidilutive. See Note 3 - Stock Based Compensation and Stockholders' Equity for more information on outstanding RSUs and stock options.
5. Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes from continuing operations for the six months ended November 27, 2022 and November 28, 2021, was an (expense)/benefit of $(8.0) thousand and $4.7 million, respectively. The effective tax rate for the six months ended November 27, 2022 and November 28, 2021 was 0.1% and 9.4%, respectively. The effective tax rate for the six months ended November 27, 2022, was lower than the statutory federal income tax rate of 21% primarily due to the movement of the valuation allowance recorded against certain deferred tax assets, partially offset by the federal and state research and development tax credits.
As of November 27, 2022 and May 29, 2022, the Company had unrecognized tax benefits of $1.0 million and $1.0 million, respectively. Included in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits as of November 27, 2022 and May 29, 2022, is $1.0 million and $0.9 million, respectively, of tax benefits that, if recognized, would result in an adjustment to the Company’s effective tax rate. The Company does not expect its unrecognized tax benefits to change significantly within the next twelve months.
The Company has elected to classify interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as a component of its provision for income taxes. The Company has accrued an insignificant amount of interest and penalties relating to the income tax on the unrecognized tax benefits as of November 27, 2022 and May 29, 2022.
Due to tax attribute carryforwards, the Company is subject to examination for tax years 2013 forward for U.S. tax purposes. The Company is also subject to examination in various state jurisdictions for tax years 2012 forward, none of which were significant.
6. Debt
Long-term debt, net consists of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | November 27, 2022 | | May 29, 2022 |
Term loan | $ | 103,712 | | | $ | 103,712 | |
| Total principal amount of long-term debt | 103,712 | | | 103,712 | |
| Less: unamortized debt issuance costs | (4,759) | | | (5,534) | |
| Total long-term debt, net of unamortized debt issuance costs | 98,953 | | | 98,178 | |
| Less: current portion of long-term debt, net | (98,953) | | | (98,178) | |
| Long-term debt, net | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
On December 31, 2020, the Company refinanced its existing term loan and revolving credit facility by entering into two separate Credit Agreements (the “New Credit Agreements”) with BMO and Goldman Sachs Specialty Lending Group, L.P. (“Goldman”) and Guggenheim Credit Services, LLC (“Guggenheim”), as lenders (collectively, the “Lenders”). Pursuant to the credit agreement related to the revolving credit facility, BMO has provided the Company, Curation Foods and Lifecore, as co-borrowers, with an up to $75.0 million revolving line of credit (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) and serves as administrative agent of the Revolving Credit Facility. Pursuant to the credit agreement related to the term loan, Goldman and Guggenheim have provided the Company, Curation Foods and Lifecore, as co-borrowers, with an up to $170.0 million term loan facility (split equally between Goldman and Guggenheim) (the “Term Loan”) and Goldman serves as administrative agent of the Term Loan. The Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan are guaranteed, and secured by, substantially all of the Company’s and the Company’s direct and indirect subsidiaries’ assets.
The Term Loan matures on December 31, 2025. The Revolving Credit Facility matures on December 31, 2025 or, if the Term Loan remains outstanding on such date, ninety (90) days prior to the maturity date of the Term Loan (on October 2, 2025).
The Term Loan provides for principal payments by the Company of 5% per annum, payable quarterly in arrears in equal installments, commencing on March 30, 2023, with the remainder due at maturity.
Interest on the Revolving Credit Facility is based upon the Company’s average availability, at a per annum rate of either (i) LIBOR rate plus a spread of between 2.00% and 2.50% or (ii) base rate plus a spread of between 1.00% and 1.50%, plus a commitment fee, as applicable, of 0.375%. Interest on the Term Loan is at a per annum rate based on either (i) the base rate plus a spread of 7.50% or (ii) the LIBOR rate plus a spread of 8.50%. The Term Loan Credit Agreement also provides that in the event of a prepayment of any amount other than the scheduled installments within twelve months after the closing date, a penalty will be assessed equal to the aggregate amount of interest that would have otherwise been payable from date of prepayment event until twelve months after the closing date plus 3% of the amount prepaid.
The New Credit Agreements provide the Company the right to increase the revolver commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions (including consent from BMO), by obtaining additional commitments from either BMO or another lending institution at an amount of up to $15.0 million.
The New Credit Agreements contain customary financial covenants and events of default under which the obligations thereunder could be accelerated and/or the interest rate increased in specified circumstances.
In connection with the New Credit Agreements, the Company incurred debt issuance costs from the lender and third-parties of $10.3 million.
Concurrent with the close of the New Credit Agreements, the Company repaid all outstanding borrowings under the previous Credit Agreement, and terminated such previous Credit Agreement. In connection with the repayment of borrowings under such previous Credit Agreement, the Company recognized a loss in fiscal year 2021 of $1.1 million, as a result of the non-cash write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs related to the refinancing under the New Credit Agreements.
In April 2022 the Company amended the New Credit Agreements to make available again $20.0 million of term debt that had been previously repaid. In connection with this amendment, the Company incurred debt issuance costs from the lender of $0.7 million.
As of November 27, 2022, $48.0 million was outstanding on the Revolving Credit Facility, at an interest rate of 5.6%. As of November 27, 2022, the Term Loan had an interest rate of 10.1%.
As of November 27, 2022, the Company was in compliance with all financial covenants and had no events of default under the New Credit Agreements. However, as of the Filing Date, the Company was not compliance with the covenants under the New Credit Agreements. Please see Note 1 – Going Concern for more information.
Derivative Instruments
On November 1, 2016, the Company entered into an interest rate swap contract (the “2016 Swap”) with BMO at a notional amount of $50.0 million. The 2016 Swap had the effect of changing the Company’s previous term loan obligation from a variable interest rate to a fixed 30-day LIBOR rate of 1.22%. The 2016 Swap matured in September 2021.
On June 25, 2018, the Company entered into an interest rate swap contract (the “2018 Swap”) with BMO at a notional amount of $30.0 million. The 2018 Swap had the effect on the Company’s previous debt of converting the first $30.0 million of the total outstanding amount of the Company’s 30-day LIBOR borrowings from a variable interest rate to a fixed 30-day LIBOR rate of 2.74%. The 2018 Swap matured in September 2021.
On December 2, 2019, the Company entered into an interest rate swap contract (the “2019 Swap”) with BMO at a notional amount of $110.0 million which decreases quarterly. The 2019 Swap had the effect on our previous debt of converting primarily all of the $110.0 million of the total outstanding amount of the Company’s 30-day LIBOR borrowings from a variable interest rate to a fixed 30-day LIBOR rate of 1.53%. The 2019 Swap matured in November 2022.
7. Business Segment Reporting
The Company operates using three strategic reportable business segments, aligned with how the Chief Executive Officer, who is the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), manages the business: the Lifecore segment, the Curation Foods segment, and the Other segment.
The Lifecore segment sells products utilizing hyaluronan, a naturally occurring polysaccharide that is widely distributed in the extracellular matrix of connective tissues in both animals and humans, and non-HA products for medical use primarily in the Ophthalmic, Orthopedic and other markets.
The Curation Foods business includes activities from three natural food brands, including O Olive Oil & Vinegar, Yucatan Foods, and Cabo Fresh. The Curation Foods segment includes sales of olive oils and wine vinegars under the O brand, and sales of avocado products under the brands Yucatan Foods and Cabo Fresh. In December 2021, the Company completed the Eat Smart Disposition. As a result, the Company met the requirements of ASC 205-20 to report the results of the Eat Smart business as discontinued operations. The operating results for the Eat Smart business, in all periods presented, have been reclassified to discontinued operations and are no longer reported in the Curation Foods business segment. See Note 1 – Organization, Basis of Presentation, and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Eat Smart Sale and Discontinued Operations for further discussion.
The Other segment includes corporate general and administrative expenses, non-Lifecore and non-Curation Foods interest expense, interest income, and income tax expenses. Corporate overhead is allocated between segments based on actual utilization and relative size.
All of the Company’s assets are located within the United States of America except for its Yucatan production facility in Mexico.
The Company’s international sales by geography are based on the billing address of the customer and were as follows, excluding discontinued operations:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended | | |
| (In millions) | November 27, 2022 | | November 28, 2021 | | November 27, 2022 | | November 28, 2021 | | | | |
| Switzerland | $ | 4.0 | | | $ | 2.0 | | | $ | 8.0 | | | $ | 5.4 | | | | | |
| Canada | 2.6 | | | 2.9 | | | 6.2 | | | 6.4 | | | | | |
| Czech Republic | 1.0 | | | 0.8 | | | 1.7 | | | 1.7 | | | | | |
| Ireland | 1.0 | | | 0.7 | | | 1.7 | | | 0.8 | | | | | |
| All Other Countries | 0.5 | | | 0.9 | | | 1.0 | | | 1.7 | | | | | |
Operations by business segment consisted of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Lifecore | | Curation Foods | | Other | | Total |
| Three Months Ended November 27, 2022 | | | | | | | |
| Net sales | $ | 21,691 | | | $ | 17,111 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 38,802 | |
| Gross profit | 6,675 | | | 433 | | | — | | | 7,108 | |
| Net (loss) income from continuing operations | 916 | | | (3,295) | | | (10,070) | | | (12,449) | |
| Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Depreciation and amortization | 1,843 | | | 588 | | | 11 | | | 2,442 | |
| | | | | | | |
| Interest income | 16 | | | — | | | — | | | 16 | |
| Interest expense | — | | | — | | | 4,219 | | | 4,219 | |
| Income tax (benefit) expense | 290 | | | (836) | | | 550 | | | 4 | |
| Corporate overhead allocation | 1,022 | | | 283 | | | (1,305) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | |
| Six Months Ended November 27, 2022 | | | | | | | |
| Net sales | $ | 45,393 | | | $ | 36,764 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 82,157 | |
| Gross profit | 12,776 | | | 584 | | | — | | | 13,360 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Net (loss) income from continuing operations | 1,419 | | | (6,017) | | | (19,202) | | | (23,800) | |
| Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Depreciation and amortization | 3,614 | | | 2,756 | | | 21 | | | 6,391 | |
| Dividend income | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Interest income | 31 | | | — | | | — | | | 31 | |
| Interest expense | — | | | 1 | | | 7,896 | | | 7,897 | |
| Income tax (benefit) expense | 448 | | | (1,901) | | | 1,461 | | | 8 | |
| Corporate overhead allocation | 2,060 | | | 617 | | | (2,677) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Lifecore | | Curation Foods | | Other | | Total |
| Three Months Ended November 28, 2021 | | | | | | | |
| Net sales | $ | 24,946 | | | $ | 18,506 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 43,452 | |
| Gross profit | 11,715 | | | 3,000 | | | — | | | 14,715 | |
| Net (loss) income from continuing operations | 5,682 | | | (747) | | | (706) | | | 4,229 | |
| Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax | — | | | (42,670) | | | — | | | (42,670) | |
| Depreciation and amortization | 1,673 | | | 886 | | | 26 | | | 2,585 | |
| | | | | | | |
| Interest income | 19 | | | — | | | — | | | 19 | |
| Interest expense | — | | | 136 | | | 2,958 | | | 3,094 | |
| Income tax (benefit) expense | 1,794 | | | (579) | | | (4,300) | | | (3,085) | |
| Corporate overhead allocation | 1,078 | | | 1,231 | | | (2,309) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | |
| Six Months Ended November 28, 2021 | | | | | | | |
| Net sales | $ | 46,898 | | | $ | 38,186 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 85,084 | |
| Gross profit | 17,479 | | | 7,671 | | | — | | | 25,150 | |
| Net (loss) income from continuing operations | 6,262 | | | (1,030) | | | (8,636) | | | (3,404) | |
| Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax | — | | | (44,514) | | | — | | | (44,514) | |
| Depreciation and amortization | 3,220 | | | 1,767 | | | 52 | | | 5,039 | |
| Dividend income | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Interest income | 39 | | | — | | | 7 | | | 46 | |
| Interest expense | — | | | 273 | | | 9,499 | | | 9,772 | |
| Income tax (benefit) expense | 1,977 | | | (797) | | | (5,916) | | | (4,736) | |
| Corporate overhead allocation | 2,215 | | | 2,702 | | | (4,917) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | |
During the six months ended November 27, 2022 and November 28, 2021, the Company had sales concentrations of 10% or greater from two customers. The Company’s top two customers accounted for 19% and 10% of revenues for the six months ended November 27, 2022, and 13% and 12% for the six months ended November 28, 2021. The Company had accounts receivable concentrations of 10% or greater from three customers accounting for 21%, 14%, and 10% of accounts receivable as of November 27, 2022, and two customers as of November 28, 2021 accounting for 14% and 10%.
8. Restructuring Costs
During fiscal year 2020, the Company announced a restructuring plan to drive enhanced profitability, focus the business on its strategic assets and redesign the organization to be the appropriate size to compete and thrive. This includes a reduction-in-force, a reduction in leased office spaces and the sale of non-strategic assets.
The following table summarizes the restructuring costs recognized in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income, by Business Segment, excluding discontinued operations:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in thousands) | Curation Foods | | | | Other | | Total |
| Three Months Ended November 27, 2022 | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| Employee severance and benefit costs | $ | 36 | | | | | $ | — | | | $ | 36 | |
| Lease costs | 25 | | | | | — | | | 25 | |
| Other restructuring costs | 125 | | | | | 637 | | | 762 | |
| Total restructuring costs | $ | 186 | | | | | $ | 637 | | | $ | 823 | |
| | | | | | | |
| (in thousands) | Curation Foods | | | | Other | | Total |
| Six Months Ended November 27, 2022 | | | | | | | |
| Employee severance and benefit costs | 244 | | | | | — | | | 244 | |
| Lease costs | 45 | | | | | — | | | 45 | |
| Other restructuring costs | 319 | | | | | 1,262 | | | 1,581 | |
| Total restructuring costs | $ | 608 | | | | | $ | 1,262 | | | $ | 1,870 | |
Employee severance and benefit costs
Employee severance and benefit costs are costs incurred as a result of reduction-in-force driven by our restructuring plan and closure of offices and facilities. These costs were driven primarily by reduction-in-force related to our Curation Foods segment.
Lease Costs
In August 2020, the Company closed its leased Santa Clara, California office and entered into a sublease agreement. In the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2020 the Company closed its leased Los Angeles, California office and plans to sublease the
office. The Company approved a plan to explore opportunities to sub lease its Santa Maria office and expects to complete the sublease plan within the next 12 months.
Other restructuring costs
Other restructuring costs are primarily related to consulting costs incurred in connection with the execution of the Company’s restructuring plan to drive enhanced profitability, focus the business on its strategic assets, and redesign the organization to be the appropriate size to compete and thrive.
The following table summarizes the restructuring costs recognized in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income, by Business Segment, since inception of the restructuring plan in fiscal year 2020 through the six months ended November 27, 2022, excluding discontinued operations:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Curation Foods | | | | Other | | Total |
| (in thousands) | | | | | | | |
| Asset write-off costs, net | $ | 7,552 | | | | | $ | 418 | | | $ | 7,970 | |
| Employee severance and benefit costs | 803 | | | | | 784 | | | 1,587 | |
| Lease costs | 2,263 | | | | | 26 | | | 2,289 | |
| Other restructuring costs | 642 | | | | | 6,160 | | | 6,802 | |
| Total restructuring costs | $ | 11,260 | | | | | $ | 7,388 | | | $ | 18,648 | |
The total expected cost related to the restructuring plan is approximately $23.0 million.
9. Discontinued Operations
As discussed in Note 1 – Organization, Basis of Presentation, and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Eat Smart Sale and Discontinued Operations, on December 13, 2021, we completed the Eat Smart Disposition. Eat Smart represented a component of the business within the Curation Foods segment and its sale represents a strategic shift in the Company going forward. Accordingly, concurrent with the execution of the Asset Purchase Agreement, Eat Smart meets the accounting requirements for reporting as discontinued operations for all periods presented.
The key components of income from discontinued operations for the three and six months ended November 27, 2022 and November 28, 2021 were as follows (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | | | Six Months Ended |
| | November 28, 2021 | | | November 28, 2021 |
| Product sales | | $ | 86,040 | | | | $ | 173,196 | |
| Cost of product sales | | 87,763 | | | | 167,835 | |
| Gross profit | | (1,723) | | | | 5,361 | |
| Operating costs and expenses: | | | | | |
| Research and development | | 862 | | | | 1,815 | |
| Selling, general and administrative | | 5,823 | | | | 12,292 | |
| Impairment of goodwill | | 32,057 | | | | 32,057 | |
| Loss on sale of Eat Smart | | — | | | | — | |
| Restructuring costs | | 705 | | | | 1,433 | |
| Total operating costs and expenses | | 39,447 | | | | 47,597 | |
| Operating loss | | (41,170) | | | | (42,236) | |
| Dividend income | | — | | | | — | |
| Interest expense | | (1,239) | | | | (2,478) | |
| Other income (expense), net | | — | | | | — | |
| Loss from discontinued operations before taxes | | (42,409) | | | | (44,714) | |
| Income tax benefit (expense) | | (261) | | | | 200 | |
| Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax | | $ | (42,670) | | | | $ | (44,514) | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
Cash used in operating activities by the Eat Smart business totaled $4.4 million for the six months ended November 28, 2021. Cash provided by investing activities from the Eat Smart business totaled $44.4 million for the six months ended November 28, 2021. Depreciation and amortization expense of the Eat Smart business totaled $5 million for the six months ended November 28, 2021. Capital expenditures of the Eat Smart business totaled $1.8 million for the six months ended November 28, 2021. There was no cash used, provided by, nor any capital expenditures of, the Eat Smart business for the six months ended November 27, 2022.
Interest expense was allocated to discontinued operations based on the interest expense related to the amount of debt required to be paid down under the New Credit Agreements as a result of the Eat Smart Disposition.
There were no assets or liabilities of Eat Smart as of November 27, 2022 or May 29, 2022.
10. Subsequent Events
Limited waiver and Fourth Amendment to Term Loan and Revolver Credit Agreements
On January 9, 2023, the Company entered into a Limited Waiver and Fourth Amendment to its existing term loan agreement with Goldman Sachs Specialty Lending Group, L.P. and Guggenheim Credit Services, LLC (“Amended Term Loan”) and its revolver credit agreement with BMO Harris Bank, N.A. (“Amended Revolver Credit Agreement” together with the Amended Term Loan, the “Credit Agreements”). Among other things, the limited waiver provided relief from events of default
under the Credit Agreements related to certain financial covenant requirements as of November 27, 2022. There were no changes to the respective lending parties to the Credit Agreements.
The Credit Agreements also provided for certain updates to the existing terms and covenants, including waiving the Fixed Charge Coverage and Leverage Ratios for the quarters ending November 27, 2022 and February 26, 2023 and were revised for all subsequent quarters; and the Minimum Consolidated Liquidity was reduced from $7.5 million to $1.0 million for the period from the effective date of the Amended Term Loan until May 28, 2023, then increasing to $7.5 million for subsequent periods. The Credit Agreements do not provide for any waiver of forecasted covenant violations as of the date of issuance of the consolidated financial statements.
Amended Term Loan
Pursuant to the Amended Term Loan, the term loan facility will remain at $170.0 million (comprised of the Initial Term Loan and Multi-Draw Term Loan, collectively, the “Term Loan”). The Amended Term Loan provides for principal payments by the Company of 5% per annum, payable quarterly in arrears in equal installments, commencing on February 28, 2025 (formerly March 30, 2023) with the remainder due at its original maturity date of December 25, 2025. Interest on the amounts outstanding under the Term Loan will include payment-in-kind interest (“PIK interest”) at the annual rate of 2%. The PIK interest expense charges will be added to the outstanding principal of the Term Loan. There were no changes to the spreads used in the determination of interest. Interest on the Term Loan is at a per annum rate based on either (i) the base rate plus a spread of 7.50% for the Initial Term Lean; or (ii) the SOFR rate plus a spread of 8.50% % for the Multi-Draw Loan. The Company paid a one-time amendment fee to the Term Loan lenders in an amount equal to 3% of the principal amount as of January 9, 2023.
Amended Revolver Credit Agreement
Pursuant to the Amended Revolver Credit, the revolving line of credit commitment was reduced from $75.0 million to $60.0 million. This commitment was further reduced to $50.0 million upon the sale of Yucatan. The Amended Revolver Credit maintained the original maturity date of December 25, 2025. There were no changes to the spreads used in the determination of the interest rate. Interest on Revolver is based upon the Company’s average availability, at a per annum rate of either (i) secured overnight finance rate or SOFR rate (formerly used LIBOR) plus a spread of between 2.00% and 2.50% or (ii) base rate plus a spread of between 1.00% and 1.50%, plus a commitment fee, as applicable, of 0.375%; and plus (iii) for the period from December 1, 2022 until January 31, 2023, additional 2% per annum.
Series A Preferred Share Purchase Agreement
On January 9, 2023, the Company simultaneously signed and closed a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with a group of qualified investors. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Company issued and sold an aggregate of 38,750 shares of a new series of convertible preferred stock of the Company designated as Series A Preferred Shares, par value $0.001 per share (the "Preferred Shares") for an aggregate of $38.75 million. The Preferred Shares rank senior to the Company’s Common Stock with respect to dividends, distributions and payments on liquidation, winding up and dissolution. Each holder of Preferred Shares has the right, at its option, to convert its Preferred Share, in whole or in part, into fully paid and non-assessable shares of our Common Stock at an initial conversion price equal to $7.00 per share. The conversion price is subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, including in the event of any stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization or similar events, and is also subject to adjustment in the event of subsequent offerings of Common Stock or convertible securities by the Company for less than the conversion price. Immediately following the Closing, two Series A Preferred Share Directors were appointed to the Company’s Board of Directors.
Sale of Curation Foods’ Avocado Business
On February 7, 2023, the Company simultaneously signed and closed a Securities Purchase Agreement for the sale of all its outstanding equity interests in its Curation Foods’ avocado products business (the “SPA”) for an aggregate purchase price of $17.5 million in cash, subject to customary net working capital adjustments (the “Sale”). The SPA included a working capital adjustment period, various representations, warranties, and covenants of the parties generally customary for a transaction of this nature. The Company has entered into a Transition Services Agreement with the buyer to provide for a customary and orderly transition of the business, and such fees earned, and costs incurred for such transition services shall be included in continuing operations in subsequent periods. The Company expects to recognize a loss on the Sale in the third quarter ended February 26, 2023 of approximately $15 million to $17 million.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the unaudited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in Part I, Item 1, of this Form 10-Q and the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in Lifecore Biomedical’s Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended May 29, 2022.
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” contains forward-looking statements regarding future events and our future results that are subject to the safe harbor created under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and other safe harbors under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Words such as “anticipate”, “estimate”, “expect”, “project”, “plan”, “intend”, “believe”, “may”, “might”, “will”, “should”, “can have”, “likely” and similar expressions are used to identify forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those that we expected. Potential risks and uncertainties include, without limitation, the timing and expenses associated with operations, the ability to achieve acceptance of our new products in the market place, weather conditions that can affect the supply and price of produce, government regulations affecting our business, uncertainties related to COVID-19 and the impact of our responses to it, the timing of regulatory approvals, the impact of adverse and uncertain economic conditions in the U.S. and international markets, the mix between domestic and international sales, our ability to continue as a going concern, and those other risks mentioned in this report and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended May 29, 2022.
We derive many of our forward-looking statements from our operating budgets and forecasts, which are based upon detailed assumptions. While we believe that our assumptions are reasonable, we caution that it is very difficult to predict the impact of known factors, and it is impossible for us to anticipate all factors that could affect our actual results. Accordingly, our actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements for many reasons, including the risk factors listed in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended May 29, 2022.
All forward-looking statements attributable to us are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements as well as others made in this report, our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended May 29, 2022, and hereafter in our other SEC filings and public communications.
You should evaluate all forward-looking statements made by us in the context of all risks and uncertainties described with respect to our business. We caution you that the risks and uncertainties identified by us may not be all of the factors that are important to you. Furthermore, the forward-looking statements included in this report are made only as of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as otherwise required by law. Given these risks and uncertainties, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements.
Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates
There have been no material changes to the Company’s critical accounting policies and use of estimates from those disclosed in the Company’s Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended May 29, 2022. For a discussion of our critical accounting policies and use of estimates, refer to Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates in Part II, Item 7 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended May 29, 2022.
The Company
Corporate Overview
Lifecore Biomedical and its subsidiaries (“Lifecore Biomedical,” the “Company”, “we” or “us”) design, develop, manufacture, and sell differentiated products for food and biomaterials markets, and license technology applications to partners.
Lifecore Biomedical’s biomedical company, Lifecore Biomedical Operating Company, Inc. (“Lifecore”), is a fully integrated CDMO that offers highly differentiated capabilities in the development, fill and finish of sterile, injectable pharmaceutical products in syringes and vials. As a leading manufacturer of premium, injectable grade Hyaluronic Acid, Lifecore brings 37 years of expertise as a partner for global and emerging biopharmaceutical and biotechnology companies across multiple therapeutic categories to bring their innovations to market.
Lifecore Biomedical’s natural food company, Curation Foods, Inc. (“Curation Foods”) is focused on innovating and distributing plant-based foods with 100% clean ingredients to retail, club and foodservice channels throughout North America.
Lifecore Biomedical was incorporated in California on October 31, 1986 and reincorporated as a Delaware corporation on November 6, 2008. Landec’s common stock was previously listed on The NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “LNDC”. The Company’s principal executive offices are located at 3515 Lyman Boulevard Chaska, Minnesota 55318, and the telephone number is (952) 368-4300.
On November 14, 2022, the Company filed an amendment to its Certificate of Incorporation to change the Company’s name from Landec Corporation to Lifecore Biomedical, Inc. (“Name Change”), which was approved by the board of directors of the Company and became effective on November 14, 2022. In connection with the Name Change, the Company’s common stock began trading under its new NASDAQ ticker symbol “LFCR” on November 15, 2022. References to “Landec” or “Landec Corporation” refer to operations and/or transactions of the Company prior to the Name Change.
Going Concern
As of November 27, 2022, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $6.8 million and outstanding borrowings of $147.0 million, net of issuance costs. The Company continues to experience unfavorable market conditions leading to lower than projected sales proceeds from the disposition of its Curation Foods businesses.
The Company performed an assessment, which occurred on the date of the filing of this Form 10-Q, to determine whether there were conditions or events that, considered in the aggregate, raised substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year following the date the accompanying consolidated financial statements are being issued (the “Filing Date”).
The Company’s ability to meet its liquidity needs for one year following the Filing Date will largely depend on its ability to generate cash in the future. As of November 27, 2022, the Company incurred net losses of $23.8 million, and the Company’s ability to generate cash in the future is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory, and other factors that are beyond the Company’s control. Based on the Company’s financial projections as of the Filing Date, the Company does not believe that it will have adequate liquidity to meet its obligations for at least one year following the Filing Date.
The Company further considered how these factors and uncertainties have and could impact its ability to meet the obligations specified in the New Credit Agreements with the Lenders for at least one year following the Filing Date. As of the Filing Date, the Company determined that it was not in compliance with the covenant under the New Credit Agreements requiring the timely filing of financial statements. In addition, the inclusion of a going concern explanatory paragraph in the auditor’s report issued by Ernst and Young LLP in connection with the restated audited financial statements for the year ended May 29, 2022 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K/A also violates the covenants under the New Credit Agreements.
In addition, based on the Company’s current financial projections for the one-year period following the Filing Date, the Company anticipates that it will not be in compliance with certain financial covenants under the New Credit Agreements during the one-year period following the Filing Date, including the minimum fixed charge coverage ratio covenant for the fiscal quarters ending May 30, 2023 through November 30, 2023; the maximum leverage ratio covenant as of the fiscal quarters ending May 30, 2023 through November 30, 2023; the minimum liquidity covenant for each of the fiscal quarters ended as of February 26, 2023 through May 30, 2024; and the minimum Lifecore gross profit covenant for the fiscal quarters ending February 26, 2023 through August 30, 2023. Pursuant to the terms of the New Credit Agreements, as a result of the Company’s failure to comply with the covenants described above, the agents and the lenders under the New Credit Agreements are entitled to immediately cancel all unfunded commitments and to accelerate the maturity of all of the outstanding debt thereunder, at which time all such outstanding borrowings would become immediately due and payable by the Company. In addition, as a result of such defaults, under the New Credit Agreements, the Company will be subject to increased interest rates for any outstanding borrowings thereunder prior to repayment and, even if the agent and the lenders under the Revolving Credit Facility (as defined in “Part I, Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Liquidity and Capital Resources — Debt”) do not exercise their rights to immediately accelerate all outstanding obligations, such lenders may refuse to fund additional borrowings thereunder, which the Company relies upon for short-term liquidity needs.
Although the Company is currently in default, as of the Filing Date, the agents and the Lenders have not taken any action to accelerate the maturity of the debt under the New Credit Agreements, nor have the Lenders under the Revolving Credit Facility indicated that they intend to prevent the Company from incurring additional borrowings thereunder. In such an event, however, the Company does not currently have sufficient liquidity to fund payment of the amounts that would be due under the New Credit Agreements nor does management have projected future cash flows to repay these outstanding borrowings under the New Credit Agreements if such amounts were to become payable. The Company’s inability to raise additional capital on acceptable terms in
the near future, whether for purposes of funding payments required under the New Credit Agreements or providing additional liquidity needed for its operations, could have a material adverse effect on its business, results of operations, liquidity and financial condition.
In response to these conditions, the Company is currently in negotiations with the Lenders to seek a forbearance and amendment agreement to remedy the Company’s current and anticipated noncompliance with its covenants under the New Credit Agreements. The Company also intends to conduct a review of its strategic alternatives, which may involve seeking additional or alternative financing or the sale of all or a portion the Company. These processes are ongoing, however, and there can be no assurances that they will result in the completion of any such amendment, transaction or other alternative that would alleviate such conditions under the New Credit Agreements or the circumstances that give rise to substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for the twelve-month period following the Filing Date.
Accordingly, the Company determined that it cannot be certain that the Company’s plans and initiatives would be effectively implemented within one year after the Filing Date. Without giving effect to the Company’s plans and initiatives, it is unlikely that the Company will be able to generate sufficient cash flows to meet its required financial obligations, including its debt service and other obligations due to third parties within one year after the Filing Date. The existence of these conditions and events raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for the twelve-month period following the Filing Date.
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates continuity of operations, realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business for one year following the Filing Date. As such, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of assets and their carrying amounts, or the amount and classification of liabilities that may result should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
As a result, all outstanding borrowings under the New Credit Agreements are classified as short term on the consolidated balance sheets as of November 27, 2022 and May 29, 2022 contained in this report.
Securities Purchase Agreement
On November 25, 2022, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Wynnefield Purchase Agreement”) with entities affiliated with Wynnefield Capital, Inc. (the “Purchasers”). Pursuant to the Wynnefield Purchase Agreement, the Company agreed to sell an aggregate of 627,746 shares of its common stock (the “Shares”) for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $5.0 million (the “Offering”). The purchase price for each Share was $7.97. The Offering closed on November 25, 2022. Pursuant to the Wynnefield Purchase Agreement, the Company granted the Purchasers certain piggyback registration rights and agreed, among other things, to indemnify such parties under any registration statement filed that includes the Shares from certain losses, claims, damages and liabilities.
Reportable Segments
Lifecore Biomedical has three reportable business segments – Lifecore, Curation Foods, and Other, which are described below.
Lifecore
Lifecore, located in Chaska, Minnesota, is a fully integrated CDMO that offers highly differentiated capabilities in the development, fill and finish of sterile, injectable pharmaceutical products in syringes and vials. It is involved in the manufacture of pharmaceutical-grade sodium hyaluronate (“HA”) in bulk form as well as formulated and filled syringes and vials for injectable products used in treating a broad spectrum of medical conditions and procedures. Lifecore uses its fermentation process and aseptic formulation and filling expertise to be a leader in the development of HA-based products for multiple applications and to take advantage of non-HA device and drug opportunities which leverage its expertise in manufacturing and aseptic syringe filling capabilities.
Lifecore CDMO provides product development services to its partners for HA-based, as well as non-HA based, aseptically formulated and filled products. These services include activities such as technology development, material component changes, analytical method development, formulation development, pilot studies, stability studies, process validation and production of materials for clinical studies.
Built over many years of experience, Lifecore separates itself from its competition based on its five areas of expertise, including but not limited to Lifecore’s ability to:
Establish strategic relationships with market leaders:
Lifecore continues to develop applications for products with partners who have strong marketing, sales, and distribution capabilities to end-user markets. Through its strong reputation and history of providing pharmaceutical grade HA and products, Lifecore has established long-term relationships with global and emerging biopharmaceutical and biotechnology companies across multiple therapeutic categories, and leverages those partnerships to attract new relationships in other medical markets.
Expand medical applications for HA:
Due to the growing knowledge of the unique characteristics of HA and Lifecore’s unique strength and history as a trusted manufacturer of pharmaceutical injectable grade HA products, Lifecore continues to identify and pursue opportunities for the use of HA in other medical applications, such as wound care, aesthetic surgery, drug delivery, next generation orthopedics and device coatings, and through sales to academic and corporate research customers. Further applications may involve expanding process development activity and/or additional licensing of technology.
Utilize manufacturing infrastructure to meet customer demand:
Lifecore has made strategic capital investments in its CDMO business focusing on extending its aseptic filling capacity and capabilities to meet increasing partner demand and to attract new contract filling opportunities outside of HA markets. Lifecore is using its manufacturing capabilities to provide contract manufacturing and development services to its partners in the area of sterile pre-filled syringes and vials, as well as fermentation and purification requirements.
Maintain flexibility in product development and supply relationships:
Lifecore’s vertically integrated development and manufacturing capabilities allow it to establish a variety of contractual relationships with global corporate partners. Lifecore’s role in these relationships extends from supplying HA raw materials to providing technology transfer and development services to manufacturing aseptically filled, finished sterile products, and assuming full supply chain responsibilities.
Deliver consistent quality:
Lifecore has built a world class quality and regulatory system that is demonstrated in its results, processes and customer relationships. With over 37 years of a superior track record with global regulatory bodies (FDA, EMA, ANVISA, etc.), Lifecore is the partner of choice for companies looking for proven experience in delivering QbD, cGMP compliance, and manufacturing excellence with pharmaceutical elegance and quality. Lifecore’s world class quality and regulatory system and excellent track record with the global regulatory bodies ensure partners that they will safely bring innovative therapies to market.
Curation Foods
Curation Foods Overview
Based in Santa Maria, California, Curation Foods’ primary business is the processing, marketing and selling of guacamole, avocado products, and olive oils and wine vinegars. Curation Foods serves as the corporate umbrella for its portfolio of three natural food brands, O Olive Oil & Vinegar® products, and Yucatan® and Cabo Fresh® authentic guacamole and avocado products. We believe that the major distinguishing characteristics of Curation Foods that provide competitive advantage are insight driven product innovation, diversified fresh food supply chain, refrigerated supply chain and customer reach. We believe that Curation Foods is well positioned as a single source of a broad range of its products.
On December 13, 2021 (the “Closing Date”), Landec and Curation Foods (together, the “Sellers”), and Taylor Farms Retail, Inc. (“Taylor Farms” and together with the Sellers, the “Parties”) completed the sale (the “Eat Smart Disposition”) of Curation Foods’ Eat Smart business, including its salad and cut vegetable businesses (the “Business”), pursuant to the terms of an asset purchase agreement executed by the Parties on December 13, 2021 (the “Asset Purchase Agreement”). Pursuant to the Asset Purchase Agreement, Taylor Farms acquired the Business for a purchase price of $73.5 million in cash, subject to post-closing adjustments based upon net working capital at the Closing Date. As part of the Eat Smart Disposition, Taylor Farms acquired, among other assets related to the Business, the manufacturing facility and warehouses (and corresponding equipment) located in Bowling Green, Ohio and Guadalupe, California, as well as inventory, accounts receivable and accounts payable, intellectual property and information related to the Business, and assumed certain liabilities and executory obligations under the Company’s and Curation Foods’ outstanding contracts related to the Business, in each case, subject to the terms of the Asset Purchase Agreement.
On June 2, 2022, the Company sold its BreatheWay technology business for $3.2 million in cash (the “BreatheWay Sale”).
Following the Eat Smart Disposition, as well as the BreatheWay and Yucatan sales subsequent to fiscal year end, Curation Foods retained its O Olive business, and the Company retained its Lifecore business.
As a result of the Eat Smart Disposition, the Company met the requirements of ASC 205-20, to report the results of the Eat Smart business as a discontinued operation. Accordingly, the operating results for the Eat Smart business have therefore been reclassified as a discontinued operation within these consolidated financial statements.
Curation Foods Brands
O Olive Oil & Vinegar: The Company acquired O on March 1, 2017. O, founded in 1995, is based in Petaluma, California, and is the premier producer of California specialty olive oils and wine vinegars. Its products are sold in natural food, conventional grocery and mass retail stores, primarily in the United States and Canada.
Yucatan & Cabo Fresh Avocado Products: The Company acquired Yucatan Foods on December 1, 2018. Yucatan Foods was founded in 1991. As part of the acquisition of Yucatan Foods, Curation Foods acquired the newly built production facility in Guanajuato, Mexico. The Yucatan Foods business added a double-digit growth platform, a lower-cost infrastructure in Mexico, and higher margin product offerings that generally exhibit less sourcing volatility. The Company manufactures and sells Yucatan and Cabo Fresh guacamole and avocado food products primarily to the U.S. grocery channel, but also to the U.S. mass retail, Canadian grocery retail and foodservice channels. Subsequent to the fiscal year ended May 29, 2022, on February 7, 2023, the Company sold its Yucatan Foods business for $17.5 million in cash and expects to recognize a loss in the third quarter ended February 26, 2023 of approximately $15 million to $17 million.
The Company intends to continue exploring potential sale opportunities for its remaining Curation Foods assets. Subject to market conditions, the Company anticipates completing these sales during fiscal year 2023.
Impairment Review of Long-lived and Indefinite-lived assets
During the quarter ended November 27, 2022, the Company recorded impairment charges of $1.0 million related to Yucatan Foods indefinite-lived intangible asset related to tradenames. In addition, during the quarter ended November 27, 2022, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $0.3 million related to O Olive’s indefinite-lived intangible asset for tradenames. The impairments were determined using the royalty savings method to estimate the fair value of its trademarks and was primarily a result of an indication of a decrease in the fair market value of the Yucatan Foods and O Olive businesses driven by lower market valuations and a decrease in projected cash flows. The impairment charge is included in the line item “Impairment of indefinite-lived intangible assets” on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income and is reported in the Curation Foods business segment (See Note 7 – Business Segment Reporting).
Other
Included in the Other segment is Corporate, which includes corporate general and administrative expenses, non-Lifecore and non-Curation Food interest income, interest expense, and income tax expenses.
COVID-19 Pandemic
There are many uncertainties regarding the current novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic, including the scope of scientific and health issues, the anticipated duration of the pandemic, and the extent of local and worldwide social, political, and economic disruption it may cause. The COVID-19 pandemic, as well as actions taken in response to the pandemic, have had and we believe will continue to have significant adverse impacts on many aspects of the Company’s operations, directly and indirectly, including with respect to sales, customer behaviors, business and manufacturing operations, inventory, the Company’s employees, and the market generally, and the scope and nature of these impacts continue to evolve each day. The Company expects to continue to assess the evolving impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and intends to continue to make adjustments to its responses accordingly.
Results of Operations
Revenues:
Lifecore generates revenues from the development and manufacture of pharmaceutical-grade sodium hyaluronate (“HA”) products and providing contract development and aseptic manufacturing services to customers. Lifecore generates revenues from two integrated activities: (1) CDMO and (2) fermentation.
Curation Foods revenues for the periods presented consist of revenues generated from sales of (1) Yucatan, Cabo Fresh, and private label branded guacamole and avocado products, (2) O olive oils and wine vinegars, and (3) BreatheWay packaging to license partners. As a result of the Eat Smart Disposition, the Company met the requirements of ASC 205-20, to report the results of the Eat Smart business as a discontinued operation. Accordingly, the operating results for the Eat Smart business have therefore been reclassified as a discontinued operations for the periods presented.
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| (In thousands) | Three Months Ended | | Change | | Six Months Ended | | Change | | | | |
| November 27, 2022 | | November 28, 2021 | | Amount | | % | | November 27, 2022 | | November 28, 2021 | | Amount | | % | | | | | | | | |
| Lifecore | $ | 21,691 | | | $ | 24,946 | | | (3,255) | | | (13) | % | | $ | 45,393 | | | $ | 46,898 | | | (1,505) | | | (3) | % | | | | | | | | |
| Curation Foods | 17,111 | | | 18,506 | | | (1,395) | | | (8) | % | | 36,764 | | | 38,186 | | | (1,422) | | | (4) | % | | | | | | | | |
| Total Revenues | $ | 38,802 | | | $ | 43,452 | | | $ | (4,650) | | | (11) | % | | $ | 82,157 | | | $ | 85,084 | | | $ | (2,927) | | | (3) | % | | | | | | | | |
Lifecore
The decrease in Lifecore’s revenues for the three months ended November 27, 2022, compared to the same period last year, was due to a $5.3 million decrease in CDMO sales primarily due to the timing of shipments and the timing of development activities within the fiscal year, partially offset by a $2.1 million increase in fermentation revenues primarily due to the timing of shipments, which was influenced by excess channel inventory as a result of the global pandemic’s negative impact on elective procedures.
The decrease in Lifecore’s revenues for the six months ended November 27, 2022, compared to the same period last year, was due to a $4.9 million decrease in CDMO offset by a $3.4 million increase in fermentation revenues, for the same reasons as described above for the three months ended November 27, 2022.
Curation Foods
The decrease in Curation Foods’ revenues for the three and six months ended November 27, 2022, compared to the same period last year, was driven by the sale of our BreatheWay packaging technology business on June 2, 2022 which as a result of the sale did not earn any revenue during the three and six months ended November 27, 2022 compared to $0.6 million and $1.0 million, respectively, during the three months ended November 28, 2021.
Gross Profit:
There are numerous factors that can influence gross profit including product mix, customer mix, manufacturing costs, volume, sales discounts and charges for excess or obsolete inventory, to name a few. Many of these factors influence or are interrelated with other factors. The Company includes in cost of sales all of the following costs: raw materials (including packaging, syringes, fermentation and purification supplies), direct labor, overhead (including indirect labor, depreciation, and facility-related costs), and shipping and shipping-related costs.
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| (In thousands) | Three Months Ended | | Change | | Six Months Ended | | Change | | | | |
| November 27, 2022 | | November 28, 2021 | | Amount | | % | | November 27, 2022 | | November 28, 2021 | | Amount | | % | | | | | | | | |
| Lifecore | $ | 6,675 | | | $ | 11,715 | | | $ | (5,040) | | | (43) | % | | $ | 12,775 | | | $ | 17,479 | | | $ | (4,704) | | | (27) | % | | | | | | | | |
| Curation Foods | 433 | | | 3,000 | | | (2,567) | | | (86) | % | | 585 | | | 7,671 | | | (7,086) | | | (92) | % | | | | | | | | |
| Total Gross Profit | $ | 7,108 | | | $ | 14,715 | | | $ | (7,607) | | | (52) | % | | $ | 13,360 | | | $ | 25,150 | | | $ | (11,790) | | | (47) | % | | | | | | | | |
Lifecore
The decrease in gross profit for the Lifecore business for the three and six months ended November 27, 2022, compared to the same period last year, was due primarily to decreased revenue, as well as an unfavorable sales mix.
Curation Foods
The decrease in gross profit for the Curation Foods business for the three and six months ended November 27, 2022, compared to the same period last year, was primarily driven by increased freight costs combined with increased raw product sourcing costs.
Operating Expenses:
Research and Development
R&D expenses consist primarily of product development and commercialization initiatives. R&D expenses in our Lifecore business are focused on new products and applications for HA-based and non-HA biomaterials. In the Curation Foods business R&D expenses are primarily focused on innovating our current product lines.
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| (In thousands) | Three Months Ended | | Change | | Six Months Ended | | Change | | | | |
| November 27, 2022 | | November 28, 2021 | | Amount | | % | | November 27, 2022 | | November 28, 2021 | | Amount | | % | | | | | | | | |
| Lifecore | $ | 2,109 | | | $ | 1,663 | | | $ | 446 | | | 27 | % | | $ | 4,155 | | | $ | 3,331 | | | $ | 824 | | | 25 | % | | | | | | | | |
| Curation Foods | 9 | | | 193 | | | (184) | | | (95) | % | | 11 | | | 398 | | | (387) | | | (97) | % | | | | | | | | |
| Total R&D | $ | 2,118 | | | $ | 1,856 | | | $ | 262 | | | 14 | % | | $ | 4,166 | | | $ | 3,729 | | | $ | 437 | | | 12 | % | | | | | | | | |
The increase in R&D expenses for the three and six months ended November 27, 2022, compared to the same period last year, was primarily due to higher salary and benefits expenses, including increased headcount, in our Lifecore Segment. These increases were offset by small decreases in the Curation foods segment.
Selling, General, and Administrative (“SG&A”)
SG&A expenses consist primarily of sales and marketing expenses associated with Lifecore’s product sales and services, business development expenses, and staff and administrative expenses.
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| (In thousands) | Three Months Ended | | Change | | Six Months Ended | | Change | | | | |
| November 27, 2022 | | November 28, 2021 | | Amount | | % | | November 27, 2022 | | November 28, 2021 | | Amount | | % | | | | | | | | |
| Lifecore | $ | 2,353 | | | $ | 1,517 | | | $ | 836 | | | 55 | % | | $ | 4,725 | | | $ | 3,733 | | | $ | 992 | | | 27 | % | | | | | | | | |
| Curation Foods | 2,808 | | | 2,766 | | | 42 | | | 2 | % | | 6,031 | | | 5,658 | | | 373 | | | 7 | % | | | | | | | | |
| Other | 5,612 | | | 3,729 | | | 1,883 | | | 50 | % | | 10,679 | | | 8,091 | | | 2,588 | | | 32 | % | | | | | | | | |
| Total SG&A | $ | 10,773 | | | $ | 8,012 | | | $ | 2,761 | | | 34 | % | | $ | 21,435 | | | $ | 17,482 | | | $ | 3,953 | | | 23 | % | | | | | | | | |
The increase in total SG&A expenses for the three and six months ended November 27, 2022, compared to the same period last year, was due primarily to an increase at our Other segment primarily due to an increase in legal fees from compliance and other litigation matters, combined with increased salary and benefits expenses in our Lifecore and Curation Foods segments.
Restructuring Costs
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| (In thousands) | Three Months Ended | | Change | | Six Months Ended | | Change | | | | |
| November 27, 2022 | | November 28, 2021 | | Amount | | % | | November 27, 2022 | | November 28, 2021 | | Amount | | % | | | | | | | | |
| Lifecore | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | — | % | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | — | % | | | | | | | | |
| Curation Foods | 186 | | | (1) | | | 187 | | | (18,700) | % | | 608 | | | 466 | | | 142 | | | 30 | % | | | | | | | | |
| Other | 637 | | | 708 | | | (71) | | | (10) | % | | 1,262 | | | 2,075 | | | (813) | | | (39) | % | | | | | | | | |
| Total SG&A | $ | 823 | | | $ | 707 | | | $ | 116 | | | 16 | % | | $ | 1,870 | | | $ | 2,541 | | | $ | (671) | | | (26) | % | | | | | | | | |
During fiscal year 2020, the Company announced a restructuring plan to drive enhanced profitability, focus the business on its strategic assets and redesign the organization to be the appropriate size to compete and thrive. This includes a reduction-in-force, a reduction in leased office spaces and the sale of non-strategic assets. The Company recorded $0.8 million and $0.7 million during the three months ended November 27, 2022 and November 28, 2021, respectively, related to the restructuring plan. Restructuring costs for the six months ended November 27, 2022 decreased $0.7 million compared to the prior year period due to decreased restructuring activity in our Other Segment as part of our Project SWIFT initiatives to sell Curation Foods assets. Refer to Note 8 - Restructuring Costs in the notes to our consolidated financial statements for more information.
Impairment of Long-lived and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets
As discussed above, during the three and six months ended November 27, 2022, the Company recorded impairment charges on Yucatan’s and O'Olive's tradenames, which amounted to $1.3 million in the aggregate. A similar charge did not occur during the three and six months ended November 28, 2021. The impairment charge is allocated to the Curation Foods segment in its entirety. Refer to “Impairment Review of Long-Lived and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets” in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis for additional details and information.
Other:
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| (In thousands) | Three Months Ended | | Change | | Six Months Ended | | Change | | | | |
| November 27, 2022 | | November 28, 2021 | | Amount | | % | | November 27, 2022 | | November 28, 2021 | | Amount | | % | | | | | | | | |
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| Interest Income | $ | 16 | | | $ | 19 | | | $ | (3) | | | (16) | % | | $ | 31 | | | $ | 46 | | | $ | (15) | | | (33) | % | | | | | | | | |
| Interest Expense | $ | (4,219) | | | $ | (3,094) | | | $ | (1,125) | | | 36 | % | | $ | (7,897) | | | $ | (9,772) | | | $ | 1,875 | | | (19) | % | | | | | | | | |
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| Other Income (Expense), net | $ | (336) | | | $ | 79 | | | $ | (415) | | | N/M | | $ | (515) | | | $ | 188 | | | $ | (703) | | | N/M | | | | | | | | |
| Income Tax (Expense) Benefit | $ | (4) | | | $ | 3,085 | | | $ | (3,089) | | | N/M | | $ | (8) | | | $ | 4,736 | | | $ | (4,744) | | | N/M | | | | | | | | |
Interest Income
The decrease in interest income for the three and six months ended November 27, 2022, compared to the same period last year, was not significant.
Interest Expense
The increase in interest expense for the three months ended November 27, 2022, compared to the same period last year, was primarily a result of increased interest rates.
The decrease in interest expense for the six months ended November 27, 2022, compared to the same period last year, was primarily due to (i) prepayment penalties incurred related to payments made on our term debt resulting from the sales of our investment in Windset during the three months ended November 28, 2021, which did not reoccur during the six months ended November 27, 2022; and (ii) lower outstanding debt balances for the six months ended November 27, 2022 compared to the six months November 28, 2021. This decrease was offset by the change in interest rates during the three months ended November 27, 2022 as described above.
Other Income (Expense)
The decrease in other income (expense) for the three months ended November 27, 2022, compared to the same period last year, was primarily the result of the change in the fair value of our interest rate swap liability that is no longer an effective hedge as a result of our debt refinancing in December 2020.
Income Taxes
The change in income tax benefit for the three months ended November 27, 2022 compared to the same period last year was primarily due to the Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended November 27, 2022 changed from a tax benefit of 6.8% to a tax provision expense of 0.4% in comparison to the same period last year. The decrease in the effective tax rate for the three months ended November 27, 2022 was primarily due to an increase in valuation allowance recorded against certain deferred tax assets, partially offset by the impact of federal and state research and development tax credits.
The change in income tax benefit for the six months ended November 27, 2022 compared to the same period last year was primarily due to the Company’s effective tax rate for the six months ended November 27, 2022 changed from a tax provision benefit of 9.4% to a tax provision expense of 0.4% in comparison to the same period last year. The decrease in the effective tax rate for the six months ended November 27, 2022 was primarily due to an increase in valuation allowance recorded against certain deferred tax assets, partially offset by the impact of federal and state research and development tax credits.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of November 27, 2022, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $6.8 million, a net increase of $5.2 million from $1.6 million as of May 29, 2022.
Cash Flow from Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities during the six months ended November 27, 2022 was $4.5 million, compared to $4.3 million of net cash used in operating activities for the same period last year. The primary uses of net cash in operating activities during the six months ended November 27, 2022 were (1) a $23.8 million net loss and (2) $2.1 million gain on sale of BreatheWay assets. These uses of cash were partially offset by (1) a $10.9 million net decrease in working capital and (2) $9.1 million of depreciation/amortization and stock-based compensation expense.
The primary factors for the decrease in working capital during the six months ended November 27, 2022, was a $10.7 million increase in inventory driven by the increased in finished goods of $9.9 million at Curation Foods, which is in alignment with our expectations for production season, a $12.5 million decrease in accounts receivable driven by timing of customer payments, partially offset by a $4.6 million decrease in accrued compensation driven by severance payments. In addition, cash used in accounts payable increased $3.4 million due to timing.
Cash Flow from Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities during the six months ended November 27, 2022 was $3.0 million, compared to $33.2 million of net cash provided by for the same period last year. Net cash used in investing activities during the six months ended November 27, 2022 was primarily due to the receipt of $3.1 million related to the sale of our BreatheWay assets, partially offset by the purchase of $6.2 million of equipment to support the growth of the Company’s Lifecore business. The three months ended November 28, 2021 included cash provided of $45.1 million related to the sale of investment in non-public company, which did not reoccur in the three months ended November 27, 2022.
Cash Flow from Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities during the six months ended November 27, 2022 was $12.7 million compared to $29.1 million of net cash used in financing activities for the same period last year. The net cash provided by financing activities during the six months ended November 27, 2022 was primarily due to proceeds from a sale of common stock for $5.0 million and an $8.8 million net increase in the Company’s line of credit. The six months ended November 28, 2021 included cash provided of $41.4 million related to payments on long-term debt, which were minimal in the six months ended November 27, 2022.
Capital Expenditures
During the six months ended November 27, 2022, the Company incurred $6.2 million of capital expenditures, which was primarily represented by facility expansions and purchased equipment to support the growth of the Lifecore business, compared to capital expenditures of $13.0 million for the six months ended November 28, 2021. During the six months ended November 27, 2022, capital expenditures for Lifecore and Curation Foods were $6.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively.
Debt
On December 31, 2020, the Company refinanced its existing term loan and revolving credit facility by entering into two separate Credit Agreements (the “New Credit Agreements”) with BMO and Goldman Sachs Specialty Lending Group, L.P. (“Goldman”) and Guggenheim Credit Services, LLC (“Guggenheim”), as lenders (collectively, the “Lenders”). Pursuant to the credit agreement related to the revolving credit facility, BMO has provided the Company, Curation Foods and Lifecore, as co-borrowers, with an up to $75.0 million revolving line of credit (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) and serves as administrative agent of the Revolving Credit Facility. Pursuant to the credit agreement related to the term loan, Goldman and Guggenheim have provided the Company, Curation Foods and Lifecore, as co-borrowers, with an up to $170.0 million term loan facility (split equally between Goldman and Guggenheim) (the “Term Loan”) and Goldman serves as administrative agent of the Term Loan. The Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan are guaranteed, and secured by, substantially all of the Company’s and the Company’s direct and indirect subsidiaries’ assets.
The Term Loan matures on December 31, 2025. The Revolving Credit Facility matures on December 31, 2025 or, if the Term Loan remains outstanding on such date, ninety (90) days prior to the maturity date of the Term Loan (on October 2, 2025).
The Term Loan provides for principal payments by the Company of 5% per annum, payable quarterly in arrears in equal installments, commencing on March 30, 2023, with the remainder due at maturity.
Interest on the Revolving Credit Facility is based upon the Company’s average availability, at a per annum rate of either (i) LIBOR rate plus a spread of between 2.00% and 2.50% or (ii) base rate plus a spread of between 1.00% and 1.50%, plus a commitment fee, as applicable, of 0.375%. Interest on the Term Loan is at a per annum rate based on either (i) the base rate plus a spread of 7.50% or (ii) the LIBOR rate plus a spread of 8.50%. The Term Loan Credit Agreement also provides that in the event
of a prepayment of any amount other than the scheduled installments within twelve months after the closing date, a penalty will be assessed equal to the aggregate amount of interest that would have otherwise been payable from date of prepayment event until twelve months after the closing date plus 3% of the amount prepaid.
The New Credit Agreements provide the Company the right to increase the revolver commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions (including consent from BMO), by obtaining additional commitments from either BMO or another lending institution at an amount of up to $15.0 million.
The New Credit Agreements contain customary financial covenants and events of default under which the obligations thereunder could be accelerated and/or the interest rate increased in specified circumstances.
In connection with the New Credit Agreements, the Company incurred debt issuance costs from the lender and third-parties of $10.3 million.
Concurrent with the close of the New Credit Agreements, the Company repaid all outstanding borrowings under the previous Credit Agreement, and terminated such previous Credit Agreement. In connection with the repayment of borrowings under such previous Credit Agreement, the Company recognized a loss in fiscal year 2021 of $1.1 million, as a result of the non-cash write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs related to the refinancing under the New Credit Agreements.
In April 2022 the Company amended the New Credit Agreements related to the Term Loan to make available again $20.0 million of term debt that had been previously repaid. In connection with this amendment, the Company incurred debt issuance costs from the lender of $0.7 million.
As of November 27, 2022, $48.0 million was outstanding on the Revolving Credit Facility, at an interest rate of 5.6%. As of November 27, 2022, the Term Loan had an interest rate of 10.1%.
As of November 27, 2022, $48.0 million was outstanding on the Revolving Credit Facility, at an interest rate of 5.6%. As of November 27, 2022, the Term Loan had an interest rate of 10.1%. As of November 27, 2022, the Company was in compliance with all financial covenants and had no events of default under the New Credit Agreements. However, as of the Filing Date, the Company was not compliance with the covenants under the New Credit Agreements. Please see “— Going Concern” for more information.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations
The Company is not a party to any agreements with, or commitments to, any special purpose entities that would constitute material off-balance sheet financing. There have been no material changes to our long-term contractual obligations as reported in our most recent Annual Report filed on Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended May 29, 2022. See Note 6 – Debt for further information on the Company’s loans.
Going Concern
Please see “Part I, Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Going Concern” above for discussion on our ability to continue as a going concern, as of the Filing Date.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
There have been no material changes to the information provided under Item 7A. “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” which is included and described in the Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended May 29, 2022 filed with the SEC on March 15, 2023.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As required by Rule 13a-15(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), we have evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required
disclosure and is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC. Based upon the evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of November 27, 2022, due to the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting that were disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended May 29, 2022.
Previously Disclosed Material Weakness in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
As previously disclosed in Item 9A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended May 29, 2022, management identified material weaknesses as of such date. The first identified material weakness was that we did not design and operate effective internal controls over the assessment of recoverability and measurement of fair value of certain indefinite-lived and long-lived assets. This resulted in a material error for the fiscal year ended May 29, 2022, that was corrected in the Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended May 29, 2022, and for the first quarter ended August 28, 2022, was corrected in the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the quarter ended August 28, 2022, with the impacted financial information corrected in Note 1 - Correction of Error in Previously Reported Interim Financial Statements (Unaudited) to our consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A. The second identified material weakness was that we did not design and operate effective internal controls over the completeness and accuracy of the accounting for non-standard transactions, that would include discontinued operations and restructuring activity. Specifically, we did not design controls for non-standard transactions to ensure the accurate presentation of non-standard transactions, which would include discontinued operations and certain restructuring costs in our financial statements. These two material weaknesses remain unremediated.
In response to the material weaknesses described above, with the oversight of the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors, management has corrected the errors in its annual and interim financial statements. Management is currently evaluating remediation activities related to our processes for assessing recoverability and measurement of fair value of certain indefinite-lived and long-lived assets that will include, but are not limited to the following (i) developing a more comprehensive review over the periodic assessment of recoverability of indefinite-lived and long-lived assets; and (ii) enhancing and developing a more comprehensive review process and monitoring controls related to the measurement of fair values of indefinite-lived and long-lived assets. In addition, management is currently evaluating remediation activities related to our non-standard transaction processes that will include, but are not limited to the following (i) enhancing and developing a more comprehensive review process and monitoring controls related to non-standard transactions; and (ii) continuing to provide training and development to our accounting team related to non-standard transactions, including discontinued operations and restructuring activity.
The remediation efforts, which are ongoing, are intended to both address the identified material weaknesses and to enhance our overall financial control environment and will be subject to ongoing senior management review, as well as Audit Committee oversight. We plan to complete this remediation process as quickly as possible. Management is committed to continuous improvement of our internal control over financial reporting and will continue to diligently review our internal control over financial reporting.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
The change described under “Previously Disclosed Material Weakness in Internal Control over Financial Reporting” above represents a change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the six months ended November 27, 2022 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. There were no other changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.