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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 
FORM 10-Q
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2020
OR
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.
Commission File No. 001-35210
HCHC-20200930_G1.JPG
HC2 HOLDINGS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware   54-1708481
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
450 Park Avenue, 29th Floor, New York, NY
10022
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(212) 235-2690
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Trading Symbol Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share HCHC New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No   ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer", "accelerated filer", "smaller reporting company", and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer  ☐ Accelerated filer
☒
Non-accelerated filer  ☐ Smaller reporting company
☒
Emerging growth company
 ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No  ý

As of October 31, 2020, 47,353,275 shares of common stock, par value $0.001, were outstanding.


HC2 HOLDINGS, INC.
INDEX TO FORM 10-Q

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
2
3
4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
5
7
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
8
(1) Organization and Business
8
(2) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
9
13
(4) Revenue
14
(5) Business Combinations
17
(6) Investments
18
(7) Fair Value of Financial Instruments
21
(8) Accounts Receivable
26
(9) Recoverable from Reinsurers
27
(10) Property, Plant and Equipment, net
27
(11) Goodwill and Intangible Assets
27
(12) Life, Accident and Health Reserves
29
(13) Accounts Payable and Other Current Liabilities
29
(14) Debt Obligations
30
(15) Income Taxes
31
(16) Commitments and Contingencies
31
(17) Share-based Compensation
36
(18) Equity
37
(19) Related Parties
39
(20) Operating Segment and Related Information
41
(21) Basic and Diluted (Loss) Income Per Common Share
43
(22) Subsequent Events
45
46
73
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.
Legal Proceedings
74
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
74
Item 2.
76
Item 3.
76
Item 4.
Mine Safety Disclosures
76
Item 5.
Other Information
76
Item 6.
Exhibits
76


1
HC2 HOLDINGS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited, in millions, except per share amounts)
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements
  Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
  2020 2019 2020 2019
Revenue $ 317.2  $ 349.3  $ 1,000.0  $ 1,112.3 
Life, accident and health earned premiums, net 28.6  28.9  86.8  88.7 
Net investment income 46.7  51.2  147.1  152.6 
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments 0.8  (1.9) (18.8) 2.1 
Net revenue 393.3  427.5  1,215.1  1,355.7 
Operating expenses
Cost of revenue 278.7  301.3  886.9  976.4 
Policy benefits, changes in reserves, and commissions 59.6  66.1  195.0  166.8 
Selling, general and administrative 45.2  50.7  145.6  143.8 
Depreciation and amortization 2.4  2.2  4.1  3.7 
Other operating income (expense) 9.5  (0.3) 7.5  (1.7)
Total operating expenses 395.4  420.0  1,239.1  1,289.0 
(Loss) income from operations (2.1) 7.5  (24.0) 66.7 
Interest expense (19.7) (20.1) (62.4) (58.0)
Loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt (4.2) —  (13.4) — 
Loss from equity investees (1.3) (1.3) (4.0) — 
Gain on bargain purchase —  —  —  1.1 
Other income (loss) 7.3  6.1  74.1  4.7 
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes (20.0) (7.8) (29.7) 14.5 
Income tax expense (1.6) (1.1) (4.4) (6.2)
(Loss) income from continuing operations (21.6) (8.9) (34.1) 8.3 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations (including loss on disposal of $39.3 million)
—  0.6  (60.0) (13.7)
Net loss (21.6) (8.3) (94.1) (5.4)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest and redeemable noncontrolling interest 4.3  1.2  6.8  4.9 
Net loss attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc. (17.3) (7.1) (87.3) (0.5)
Less: Preferred dividends, deemed dividends and repurchase gains 0.4  0.4  1.2  (0.4)
Net loss attributable to common stock and participating preferred stockholders $ (17.7) $ (7.5) $ (88.5) $ (0.1)
(Loss) income per share - continuing operations
Basic: $ (0.38) $ (0.16) $ (0.94) $ 0.28 
Diluted: $ (0.38) $ (0.16) $ (0.94) $ 0.23 
Loss per share - discontinued operations
Basic: $ —  $ —  $ (0.95) $ (0.28)
Diluted: $ —  $ —  $ (0.95) $ (0.21)
(Loss) income per share - Net (loss) income attributable to participating securities
Basic: $ (0.38) $ (0.16) $ (1.89) $ — 
Diluted: $ (0.38) $ (0.16) $ (1.89) $ 0.02 
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic: 46.9  45.7  46.7  45.4 
Diluted: 46.9  45.7  46.7  60.1 


See notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
2
HC2 HOLDINGS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited, in millions)
  Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
  2020 2019 2020 2019
Net loss $ (21.6) $ (8.3) $ (94.1) $ (5.4)
Other comprehensive income
Foreign currency translation adjustment (0.5) (2.7) 3.5  (2.5)
Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities 65.0  82.4  72.8  312.0 
Dispositions —  —  22.1  — 
Other comprehensive income 64.5  79.7  98.4  309.5 
Comprehensive income 42.9  71.4  4.3  304.1 
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests (4.6) 1.9  2.7  5.5 
Comprehensive income attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc. $ 38.3  $ 73.3  $ 7.0  $ 309.6 























See notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
3
HC2 HOLDINGS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited, in millions, except share amounts)
September 30, December 31,
2020 2019
Assets
Investments:
Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale at fair value $ 4,295.2  $ 4,028.9 
Equity securities 74.2  92.5 
Mortgage loans 121.1  183.5 
Policy loans 18.2  19.1 
Other invested assets 60.7  68.1 
Total investments 4,569.4  4,392.1 
Cash and cash equivalents 163.6  228.8 
Accounts receivable, net 252.3  311.8 
Recoverable from reinsurers 961.4  953.7 
Deferred tax asset 1.8  2.7 
Property, plant and equipment, net 213.8  223.7 
Goodwill 112.7  112.5 
Intangibles, net 202.2  221.7 
Assets held for sale 5.6  323.3 
Other assets 205.6  188.0 
Total assets $ 6,688.4  $ 6,958.3 
Liabilities, temporary equity and stockholders’ equity
Life, accident and health reserves $ 4,622.9  $ 4,567.1 
Annuity reserves 230.9  236.4 
Value of business acquired 205.0  221.1 
Accounts payable and other current liabilities 298.6  306.2 
Deferred tax liability 113.2  83.7 
Debt obligations 646.4  773.6 
Liabilities held for sale 0.1  153.9 
Other liabilities 135.7  151.1 
Total liabilities 6,252.8  6,493.1 
Commitments and contingencies
Temporary equity
Preferred stock 15.9  10.3 
Redeemable noncontrolling interest 7.0  11.3 
Total temporary equity 22.9  21.6 
Stockholders’ equity
Common stock, $0.001 par value
—  — 
Shares authorized: 80,000,000 at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019;
Shares issued: 48,413,438 and 46,810,676 at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019;
Shares outstanding: 47,303,687 and 46,067,852 at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively
Additional paid-in capital 293.6  281.1 
Treasury stock, at cost: 1,109,751 and 742,824 shares at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively
(4.2) (3.3)
Accumulated deficit (184.0) (96.7)
Accumulated other comprehensive income 266.4  168.7 
Total HC2 Holdings, Inc. stockholders’ equity 371.8  349.8 
Noncontrolling interest 40.9  93.8 
Total stockholders’ equity 412.7  443.6 
Total liabilities, temporary equity and stockholders’ equity $ 6,688.4  $ 6,958.3 





See notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
4
HC2 HOLDINGS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited, in millions)


Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Common Stock Additional
Paid-In
Capital 		Treasury
Stock 		Accumulated Deficit Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Total HC2 Stockholders' Equity Non-
controlling
Interest 		Total Stockholders’ Equity Temporary Equity
Shares Amount
Balance as of June 30, 2020 46.6  $ —  $ 288.5  $ (4.2) $ (166.7) $ 201.7  $ 319.3  $ 45.9  $ 365.2  $ 18.7 
Share-based compensation —  —  3.0  —  —  —  3.0  —  3.0  — 
Fair value adjustment of redeemable noncontrolling interest —  —  (0.2) —  —  —  (0.2) —  (0.2) 0.2 
Preferred stock dividend —  —  (0.2) —  —  —  (0.2) —  (0.2) — 
Issuance of common stock 0.7  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Issuance of preferred stock —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  5.6 
Transactions with noncontrolling interests —  —  0.8  —  —  —  0.8  (2.0) (1.2) — 
Other —  —  1.7  —  —  —  1.7  —  1.7  — 
Net loss —  —  —  —  (17.3) —  (17.3) (2.8) (20.1) (1.5)
Other comprehensive income (loss) —  —  —  —  —  64.7  64.7  (0.2) 64.5  (0.1)
Balance as of September 30, 2020
47.3  $ —  $ 293.6  $ (4.2) $ (184.0) $ 266.4  $ 371.8  $ 40.9  $ 412.7  $ 22.9 


Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital Treasury Stock Accumulated Deficit Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Total HC2 Stockholders' Equity Non- controlling Interest Total Stockholders’ Equity Temporary Equity
Shares Amount
Balance as of December 31, 2019 46.1  $ —  $ 281.1  $ (3.3) $ (96.7) $ 168.7  $ 349.8  $ 93.8  $ 443.6  $ 21.6 
Share-based compensation —  —  5.9  —  —  —  5.9  —  5.9  — 
Fair value adjustment of redeemable noncontrolling interest —  —  (1.4) —  —  —  (1.4) —  (1.4) 1.4 
Taxes paid in lieu of shares issued for share-based compensation (0.4) —  —  (0.9) —  —  (0.9) —  (0.9) — 
Preferred stock dividend —  —  (0.6) —  —  —  (0.6) —  (0.6) — 
Issuance of common stock 1.6  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Issuance of preferred stock —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  5.6 
Transactions with noncontrolling interests —  —  6.9  —  —  —  6.9  (57.3) (50.4) (4.0)
Other —  —  1.7  —  —  —  1.7  —  1.7  — 
Net loss —  —  —  —  (87.3) —  (87.3) (3.8) (91.1) (3.0)
Other comprehensive income —  —  —  —  —  97.7  97.7  8.2  105.9  1.3 
Balance as of September 30, 2020
47.3  $ —  $ 293.6  $ (4.2) $ (184.0) $ 266.4  $ 371.8  $ 40.9  $ 412.7  $ 22.9 








See notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

5
HC2 HOLDINGS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited, in millions)


Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
Common Stock Additional
Paid-In
Capital 		Treasury
Stock 		Accumulated Deficit Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Total HC2 Stockholders' Equity Non-
controlling
Interest 		Total Stockholders’ Equity Temporary Equity
Shares Amount
Balance as of June 30, 2019 45.8  $ —  $ 270.9  $ (3.2) $ (54.9) $ 117.1  $ 329.9  $ 100.9  $ 430.8  $ 20.6 
Share-based compensation —  —  2.0  —  —  —  2.0  —  2.0  — 
Fair value adjustment of redeemable noncontrolling interest —  —  (1.1) —  —  —  (1.1) —  (1.1) 1.1 
Preferred stock dividend —  —  (0.2) —  —  —  (0.2) —  (0.2) — 
Issuance of common stock 0.1  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Transactions with noncontrolling interests —  —  1.3  —  —  —  1.3  (2.9) (1.6) 0.1 
Other —  —  (0.3) —  —  —  (0.3) —  (0.3) — 
Net loss —  —  —  —  (7.1) —  (7.1) (0.8) (7.9) (0.4)
Other comprehensive income (loss) —  —  —  —  —  80.3  80.3  (0.6) 79.7  (0.1)
Balance as of September 30, 2019
45.9  $ —  $ 272.6  $ (3.2) $ (62.0) $ 197.4  $ 404.8  $ 96.6  $ 501.4  $ 21.3 


Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital Treasury Stock Accumulated Deficit Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Total HC2 Stockholders' Equity Non- controlling Interest Total Stockholders’ Equity Temporary Equity
Shares Amount
Balance as of December 31, 2018 44.9  $ —  $ 260.5  $ (2.6) $ (57.2) $ (112.6) $ 88.1  $ 105.6  $ 193.7  $ 28.3 
Cumulative effect of accounting for leases —  —  —  —  (4.3) —  (4.3) (0.7) (5.0) (0.1)
Share-based compensation —  —  6.7  —  —  —  6.7  —  6.7  — 
Fair value adjustment of redeemable noncontrolling interest —  —  (0.9) —  —  —  (0.9) —  (0.9) 0.9 
Taxes paid in lieu of shares issued for share-based compensation (0.2) —  —  (0.6) —  —  (0.6) —  (0.6) — 
Preferred stock dividend —  —  (0.7) —  —  —  (0.7) —  (0.7) — 
Issuance of common stock 1.2  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Purchase of preferred stock by subsidiary —  —  1.7  —  —  —  1.7  —  1.7  (10.0)
Transactions with noncontrolling interests —  —  6.0  —  —  —  6.0  (3.8) 2.2  3.2 
Other —  —  (0.7) —  —  —  (0.7) —  (0.7) — 
Net loss —  —  —  —  (0.5) —  (0.5) (4.0) (4.5) (0.9)
Other comprehensive income (loss) —  —  —  —  —  310.0  310.0  (0.5) 309.5  (0.1)
Balance as of September 30, 2019
45.9  $ —  $ 272.6  $ (3.2) $ (62.0) $ 197.4  $ 404.8  $ 96.6  $ 501.4  $ 21.3 








See notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
6
HC2 HOLDINGS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited, in millions)

Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019
Cash flows from operating activities
Net loss $ (94.1) $ (5.4)
Less: Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax (60.0) (13.7)
(Loss) income from continuing operations (34.1) 8.3 
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to cash provided by continuing operating activities
Depreciation and amortization 11.0  10.4 
Amortization of deferred financing costs and debt discount 11.4  9.0 
Amortization of (discount) premium on investments 6.1  6.2 
Loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt 13.4  — 
Loss from equity investees 4.0  — 
Deferred income taxes 12.6  (1.9)
Net realized and unrealized gains on investments (58.7) (8.7)
Other operating activities 24.3  11.8 
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions and disposition:
Accounts receivable 59.0  85.0 
Recoverable from reinsurers (7.8) 7.1 
Other assets (10.2) 3.1 
Life, accident and health reserves 56.0  24.5 
Accounts payable and other current liabilities 12.5  (34.8)
Other liabilities (21.3) (37.5)
Cash provided by continuing operating activities 78.2  82.5 
Cash (used in) provided by discontinued operating activities (0.8) 13.2 
Cash provided by operating activities 77.4  95.7 
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of property, plant and equipment (16.7) (16.5)
Disposal of property, plant and equipment 0.6  1.3 
Purchase of investments (759.2) (806.4)
Sale of investments 539.2  565.0 
Maturities and redemptions of investments 78.1  100.1 
Sale of equity method investments 85.5  — 
Cash received from dispositions, net 144.0  13.5 
Cash paid for acquisitions, net —  (56.9)
Other investing activities 5.9  6.7 
Cash provided by (used in) continuing investing activities 77.4  (193.2)
Cash used in discontinued investing activities (7.0) (8.3)
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities 70.4  (201.5)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from debt obligations 58.6  73.5 
Principal payments on debt obligations (207.7) (8.4)
Proceeds from sale of preferred stock 5.6  — 
Redemption of preferred stock of affiliate (9.6) — 
Cash received by subsidiary to issue preferred stock —  9.0 
Cash paid by subsidiary to purchase HC2 preferred stock —  (8.3)
Annuity receipts 1.2  1.6 
Annuity surrenders (11.6) (13.6)
Transactions with noncontrolling interests (53.0) 3.4 
Other financing activities (4.9) (3.6)
Cash (used in) provided by continuing financing activities (221.4) 53.6 
Cash (used in) provided by discontinued financing activities (2.4) (0.2)
Cash (used in) provided by financing activities (223.8) 53.4 
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 0.7  0.3 
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (65.1) (56.8)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period 230.4  321.3 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period $ 165.3  $ 264.5 


See notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
7

HC2 HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

1. Organization and Business

HC2 Holdings, Inc. ("HC2" and, together with its consolidated subsidiaries, the "Company", "we" and "our") is a diversified holding company which seeks to acquire and grow attractive businesses that we believe can generate long-term sustainable free cash flow and attractive returns. While the Company generally intends to acquire controlling equity interests in its operating subsidiaries, the Company may invest to a limited extent in a variety of debt instruments or noncontrolling equity interest positions. The Company’s shares of common stock trade on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") under the symbol "HCHC".

The Company currently has seven reportable segments based on management’s organization of the enterprise - Infrastructure, Clean Energy, Telecommunications, Insurance, Life Sciences, Spectrum, and Other, which includes businesses that do not meet the separately reportable segment thresholds.

1.Our Infrastructure segment (f/k/a Construction segment) is comprised of DBM Global Inc. ("DBMG") and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. DBMG is a fully integrated Building Information Modelling modeler, detailer, fabricator and erector of structural steel and heavy steel plate. DBMG models, details, fabricates and erects structural steel for commercial and industrial construction projects such as high- and low-rise buildings and office complexes, hotels and casinos, convention centers, sports arenas, shopping malls, hospitals, dams, bridges, mines and power plants. DBMG also fabricates trusses and girders and specializes in the fabrication and erection of large-diameter water pipe and water storage tanks. Through GrayWolf, DBMG provides services including maintenance, repair, and installation to a diverse range of end markets in order to provide high-quality outage, turnaround, and new installation services to customers. Through Aitken Manufacturing, DBMG manufactures pollution control scrubbers, tunnel liners, pressure vessels, strainers, filters, separators and a variety of customized products. The Company maintains an approximately 92% controlling interest in DBMG.

2.Our Clean Energy segment (f/k/a Energy segment) is comprised of Beyond6, Inc. (f/k/a American Natural Energy Corp. and American Natural Gas, Inc.) ("Beyond6"). Beyond6 is a premier distributor of natural gas motor fuel. Beyond6 designs, builds, owns, acquires, operates and maintains compressed natural gas fueling stations for transportation vehicles. The Company maintains an approximately 69% controlling interest in Beyond6.

3.Our Telecommunications segment is comprised of PTGi International Carrier Services, Inc. ("ICS"). ICS operates a telecommunications business including a network of direct routes and provides premium voice communication services for national telecommunications operators, mobile operators, wholesale carriers, prepaid operators, voice over internet protocol service operators and internet service providers. ICS provides a quality service via direct routes and by forming strong relationships with carefully selected partners. The Company maintains a 100% interest in ICS.

4.Our Insurance segment is comprised of Continental Insurance Group Ltd. ("CIG") and its wholly-owned subsidiary Continental General Insurance Company ("CGI"). CGI provides long-term care, life, annuity, and other accident and health coverage that help protect policy and certificate holders from the financial hardships associated with illness, injury, loss of life, or income continuation. The Company maintains a 100% interest in CIG.

5.Our Life Sciences segment is comprised of Pansend Life Sciences, LLC ("Pansend"). Pansend maintains controlling interests of approximately 80% in Genovel Orthopedics, Inc. ("Genovel"), which seeks to develop products to treat early osteoarthritis of the knee and approximately 56% in R2 Technologies, Inc. ("R2"), which develops aesthetic and medical technologies for the skin. Pansend also invests in other early stage or developmental stage healthcare companies including an approximately 47% interest in MediBeacon Inc., and an investment in Triple Ring Technologies, Inc.

6.Our Spectrum segment (f/k/a Broadcasting segment) is comprised of HC2 Broadcasting Holdings Inc. ("HC2 Broadcasting") and its subsidiaries. HC2 Broadcasting strategically acquires and operates over-the-air broadcasting stations across the United States. In addition, HC2 Broadcasting, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, HC2 Network Inc. ("Network"), operates Azteca America, a Spanish-language broadcast network offering high quality Hispanic content to a diverse demographic across the United States. The Company maintains an approximately 98% controlling interest in HC2 Broadcasting and an approximately 50% controlling interest in DTV America Corporation ("DTV") as well as approximately 10% proxy and voting rights from minority holders.

7.Our Other segment represents all other businesses or investments that do not meet the definition of a segment individually or in the aggregate. Included in the Other segment is the former Marine Services segment, which includes its holding company, Global Marine Holdings, LLC ("GMH"), in which the Company maintains approximately 73% controlling interest. GMH results include the current and prior year equity investment in Huawei Marine Networks Co., Limited (“HMN”), its 19% equity method investment with Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., and the discontinued operations of Global Marine Systems Limited ("GMSL").
8

HC2 HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation

The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly owned subsidiaries and all other subsidiaries over which the Company exerts control. All intercompany profits, transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. As of September 30, 2020, the results of DBMG, Beyond6, ICS, CIG, Genovel, R2, HC2 Broadcasting, and GMH have been consolidated into the Company’s results based on guidance from the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC" 810, Consolidation). The remaining interests not owned by the Company are presented as a noncontrolling interest component of total equity.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company included herein have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). The financial statements reflect all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair statement of such information. All such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. Certain information and note disclosures, including a description of significant accounting policies normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP"), have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. Certain prior amounts have been reclassified or combined to conform to the current year presentation.

These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s annual Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, filed with the SEC on March 16, 2020 and Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 7, 2020. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results for any subsequent periods or the entire fiscal year ending December 31, 2020.

Use of Estimates and Assumptions

The preparation of the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions used.

Liquidity

At this time, we believe that we will be able to continue to meet our liquidity requirements and fund our fixed obligations (such as debt service and operating leases) and other cash needs for our operations for at least the next twelve months from the issuance of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements through a combination of distributions from our subsidiaries and from raising of additional debt or equity, refinancing of certain of our indebtedness or preferred stock, other financing arrangements and/or the sale of assets and certain investments. Historically, we have chosen to reinvest cash and receivables into the growth of our various businesses, and therefore have not kept a large amount of cash on hand at the holding company level, a practice which we expect to continue in the future. The ability of HC2’s subsidiaries to make distributions to HC2 is subject to numerous factors, including restrictions contained in each subsidiary’s financing agreements, regulatory requirements, availability of sufficient funds at each subsidiary and the approval of such payment by each subsidiary’s board of directors, which must consider various factors, including general economic and business conditions, tax considerations, strategic plans, financial results and condition, expansion plans, any contractual, legal or regulatory restrictions on the payment of dividends, and such other factors each subsidiary’s board of directors considers relevant. Our ability to sell assets and certain of our investments to meet our existing financing needs may also be limited by our existing financing instruments. Although the Company believes that it will be able to raise additional equity capital, refinance indebtedness or preferred stock, enter into other financing arrangements or engage in asset sales and sales of certain investments sufficient to fund any cash needs that we are not able to satisfy with the funds expected to be provided by our subsidiaries, there can be no assurance that it will be able to do so on terms satisfactory to the Company if at all. Such financing options, if pursued, may also ultimately have the effect of negatively impacting our liquidity profile and prospects over the long-term. In addition, the sale of assets or the Company’s investments may also make the Company less attractive to potential investors or future financing partners.

COVID-19

There are many uncertainties regarding the current coronavirus ("COVID-19") pandemic, and the Company is closely monitoring the continued impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on all aspects of its business, including how it will impact its customers, employees, suppliers, vendors, business partners and distribution channels. We are unable to predict the impact that COVID-19 will have on its financial position and operating results due to numerous uncertainties, however as the pandemic continues, it may have an adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity for fiscal year 2020. The Company expects to continue to assess the evolving impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED
Other Income (Loss)

The following table provides information related to Other income (loss) (in millions):
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
Gain (loss) on embedded derivatives $ 6.5  $ (1.6) $ 0.8  $ 4.0 
Gain on sale of equity method investments 0.1  7.9  71.2  7.9 
Other income (expense), net 0.7  (0.2) 2.1  (7.2)
Total $ 7.3  $ 6.1  $ 74.1  $ 4.7 

Statement of Cash Flows

The following table provides supplemental cash flow information and a reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash to amounts reported within the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in millions):
September 30,
2020 2019
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period $ 228.8  $ 315.9 
Restricted cash included in other assets 1.6  5.4 
Total cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 230.4  $ 321.3 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period $ 163.6  $ 263.0 
Restricted cash included in other assets 1.7  1.5 
Total cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 165.3  $ 264.5 
Supplemental cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest $ 37.1  $ 35.6 
Cash paid for taxes, net of (refunds) $ (12.7) $ 6.6 
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Property, plant and equipment included in accounts payable $ 3.1  $ 3.0 
Investments included in accounts payable $ 10.1  $ 14.6 

Reclassification

Certain previous year amounts have been reclassified to conform with current year presentations, including:

•The recasting of GMSL's results to discontinued operations. Further, the reclassification of prior period assets and liabilities have been classified as held for sale. See Note 3. Discontinued Operations for further information;

•As a result of the sale of GMSL, and in accordance with ASC 280, the Company no longer considers the results of operations and Balance Sheets of GMH and its subsidiaries as a separate segment. Formerly the Marine Services segment, these entities and the investment in HMN have been reclassified to the Other segment. See Note 20. Operating Segment and Related Information for further information; and

•The recasting of prior year Earnings per share as a result of the discontinued operations noted above. This includes presenting EPS for Net (loss) income from continuing operations, Net (loss) income from discontinuing operations, and Net (loss) income. See Note 21. Basic and Diluted (Loss) Income Per Common Share for further details.

Accounting Pronouncements Adopted in the Current Year

The Company has implemented all new accounting pronouncements that are in effect and that may impact its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company does not believe that there are any new accounting pronouncements issued since the filing of its 2019 Form 10-K that will have a material impact on its financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED
Accounting Pronouncements to be Adopted Subsequent to December 31, 2020

Credit Loss Standard

ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, was issued by FASB in June 2016. This standard is effective January 1, 2020 (with early adoption permitted), and will impact, at least to some extent, the Company's accounting and disclosure requirements for it's recoverable from reinsurers, accounts receivable, and mortgage loans. The FASB has voted to delay the effective date of ASU 2016-13 to January 1, 2023 for smaller reporting companies with a revised ASU in the fourth quarter of 2019. Currently, the Company continues to focus on developing models and procedures, with testing and refinement of models occurring in 2020 and 2021 with parallel testing to be performed in 2022. 

Available for sale fixed maturity securities are not in scope of the new credit loss model, but will undergo targeted improvements to the current reporting model including the establishment of a valuation allowance for credit losses versus the current direct write down approach. The Company will continue to identify any other financial assets not excluded from scope.

The Company plans to use the modified retrospective method which will include a cumulative effect adjustment on the balance sheet as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. However, prospective application is required for purchased credit deteriorated assets previously accounted for under ASU 310-30 for debt securities for which an other-than-temporary impairment ("OTTI") was recognized prior to the date of adoption. The Company does not currently expect to early adopt this standard and is currently evaluating the impact of this new accounting guidance on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Outlined below are key areas of change, although there are other changes not noted below:

•Financial assets (or a group of financial assets) measured at amortized cost will be required to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected, with an allowance for credit losses deducted from the amortized cost basis, resulting in a net carrying value that reflects the amount the entity expects to collect on the financial asset at purchase.

•Credit losses relating to available for sale fixed maturity securities will be recorded through an allowance for credit losses, rather than reductions in the amortized cost of the securities and is anticipated to increase volatility in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The allowance methodology recognizes that value may be realized either through collection of contractual cash flows or through the sale of the security. Therefore, the amount of the allowance for credit losses will be limited to the amount by which fair value is below amortized cost because the classification as available for sale is premised on an investment strategy that recognizes that the investment could be sold at fair value, if cash collection would result in the realization of an amount less than fair value.

•The Company's Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations will reflect the measurement of expected credit losses for newly recognized financial assets as well as the expected increases or decreases (including the reversal of previously recognized losses) of expected credit losses that have taken place during the period. The measurement of expected credit losses is based on relevant information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount.

•Disclosures will be required to include information around how the credit loss allowance was developed, further details on information currently disclosed about credit quality of financing receivables and net investments in leases, and a rollforward of the allowance for credit losses for available for sale fixed maturity securities as well as an aging analysis for securities that are past due.

The Company anticipates a significant impact on its systems, processes and controls. While the requirements of the new guidance represent a material change from existing GAAP, the underlying economics of items in scope and related cash flows are unchanged. Focus areas will include, but not be limited to: (i) updating procedures to reflect new guidance requiring establishment of allowance for credit losses on available for sale debt securities; (ii) establishing procedures to review reinsurance risk to include but not limited to review of reinsurer ratings, trust agreements where applicable and historical and current performance; (iii) establishing procedures to identify and review all remaining financial assets within scope; and (iv) developing, testing, and implementing controls for newly developed procedures, as well as for additional annual reporting requirements.

Long-Duration Contracts

ASU 2018-12, Financial Services - Insurance (Topic 944): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Long-Duration Contracts, was issued by the FASB in August 2018 and is expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The standard is effective January 1, 2021 (with early adoption permitted), and will impact, at least to some extent, the Company's accounting and disclosure requirements for it's long-duration insurance contracts. The Company does not currently expect to early adopt this standard and is currently evaluating the impact of this new accounting guidance on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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HC2 HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED
Outlined below are key areas of change, although there are other changes not noted below:

•Cash flow assumptions must be reviewed at least annually and updated if necessary. The impact of these updates will be reported through net income. Current accounting policy requires the liability assumptions for long-duration contracts and limited payment contracts be locked in at contract inception, unless the contracts project a loss position which would allow the liability assumptions to be unlocked so that the loss could be recognized.

•The rate used to discount the liability projections is to be based on an A-rated asset with observable market inputs and duration consistent with the duration of the liabilities. The discount rate is to be updated quarterly with the impact of the change in the discount rate recognized through other comprehensive income. Current accounting policy allows the use of an expected investment yield (which is not required to be observable in the market) to discount the liability projections.

•Deferred acquisition costs for long-duration contracts are to be amortized in proportion to premiums, gross profits, or gross margins and those balances must be amortized on a constant-level basis over the expected life of the contract. Current accounting policy would amortize deferred acquisition costs based on revenue and profits. The Company does not have any deferred acquisition costs but VOBA amortization will follow this new guidance.

•Market risk benefits are to be measured at fair value and presented separately in the statement of financial position. Under current accounting policy benefit features that will meet the definition of market risk benefits are accounted for as embedded derivatives or insurance liabilities via the benefit ratio model. The Company does not have any benefit features that will be categorized as market risk benefits.

•Disaggregated rollforwards of beginning to ending balances of the liability for future policy benefits, policyholder account balances, VOBA, as well as information about significant inputs, judgments, assumptions, and methods used in measurement are required to be disclosed.

The Company anticipates that the requirement to update assumptions for liability for future policy benefits will increase volatility in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations while the requirement to update the discount rate will increase volatility in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity. The Company anticipates a significant impact on the systems, processes and controls. While the requirements of the new guidance represent a material change from existing GAAP, the underlying economics of the Company's Insurance segment and related cash flows are unchanged.

The FASB has voted to delay the effective date of ASU 2018-12 to January 1, 2024 for smaller reporting companies with a revised ASU in the fourth quarter of 2019. On September 30, 2020, the FASB approved a one year deferral of the effective date. Currently, the Company plans to focus on developing models and procedures through 2021, with testing and refinement of models occurring in 2022 and parallel testing performed in 2023. The Company may choose one of two adoption methods for the liability for future policy benefits: (i) a modified retrospective transition method whereby the entity will apply the amendments to contracts inforce as of the beginning of the earliest period presented on the basis of their existing carrying amounts adjusted for the removal of any related amounts in AOCI or (ii) a full retrospective transition method. Focus areas will include, but not be limited to: (i) determining an appropriate upper-medium grade fixed income instrument yield source from the market; (ii) establishing appropriate aggregation of liabilities; (iii) establishing liability models for each contract grouping identified that may be quickly updated to reflect current inforce listing and new discount rates on a quarterly basis; (iv) establishing appropriate best estimate assumptions with no provision for adverse deviation; (v) establishing procedures for annual review of assumptions including tracking of actual experience for enhanced reporting requirements; (vi) establishing new VOBA amortization that will align with new guidance for DAC amortization; and (vii) developing, testing, and implementing controls for newly developed procedures, as well as for additional annual reporting requirements.    

Subsequent Events

ASC 855, Subsequent Events requires the Company to evaluate events that occur after the balance sheet date as of which the financial statements are issued, and to determine whether adjustments to or additional disclosures in the financial statements are necessary. See Note 22. Subsequent Events for the summary of the subsequent events.

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HC2 HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUE
3. Discontinued Operations

The sale of GMSL closed on February 28, 2020. As a result of the sale, the results of GMSL and transaction related expenses directly attributable to the sale were reported as discontinued operations. Summarized operating results of the discontinued operations are as follows (in millions):
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
Net revenue $ —  $ 48.2  $ 17.3  $ 130.0 
Cost of revenue —  35.7  18.2  99.5 
Selling, general and administrative —  3.7  13.7  15.6 
Depreciation and amortization —  6.4  3.8  19.4 
Other operating expenses —  0.3  —  0.1 
Loss from operations —  2.1  (18.4) (4.6)
Interest expense —  (3.9) (3.6) (11.3)
Loss on sale of subsidiary —  —  (39.3) — 
(Loss) income from equity investees —  1.6  0.5  1.5 
Other income —  0.7  0.9  0.7 
Pre-tax loss from discontinued operations —  0.5  (59.9) (13.7)
Income tax benefit (expense) —  0.1  (0.1) — 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations $ —  $ 0.6  $ (60.0) $ (13.7)


The Company recorded a $39.3 million loss on the sale, inclusive of recognizing a $31.3 million loss from the realization of AOCI.

The net proceeds from the sale of GMSL were used to repay $15.0 million under the 2019 Revolving Credit Agreement (as defined below) and redeem $76.9 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Secured Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest since December 1, 2019 (the last regularly scheduled interest payment date).

As a result of the repayment of $15.0 million 2019 Revolving Credit Agreement, the Company allocated the following interest and the amortization of deferred financing costs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 associated with the principal prepayment from continuing operations to discontinued operations on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations:

Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
Interest expense $ —  $ 0.3  $ 0.2  $ 0.5 
Amortization of deferred financing costs and original issuance discount $ —  $ 0.1  $ 0.1  $ 0.2 

As a result of the mandatory redemption of $76.9 million on the Senior Secured Notes, the Company allocated the following pro-rata interest and amortization of deferred financing costs and original issuance discount for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, from continuing operations to discontinued operations on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:

Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
Interest expense $ —  $ 2.2  $ 2.2  $ 6.6 
Amortization of deferred financing costs and original issuance discount $ —  $ 0.2  $ 0.2  $ 0.7 

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HC2 HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUE
Summarized assets and liabilities of the discontinued operations are as follows (in millions):
December 31,
2019
Assets
Other invested assets $ 16.9 
Cash and cash equivalents 10.2 
Accounts receivable, net 26.0 
Property, plant and equipment, net 182.1 
Goodwill 14.3 
Intangibles, net 5.3 
Other assets 68.5 
Total assets held for sale $ 323.3 
Liabilities
Accounts payable and other current liabilities $ 33.4 
Debt obligations 65.6 
Pension Liability 18.8 
Other liabilities 36.1 
Total liabilities held for sale $ 153.9 

For further details related to the sale of GMSL, see note 5. Acquisitions, Dispositions, and Deconsolidations.

4. Revenue

Revenue from contracts with customers consist of the following (in millions):

Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
  2020 2019 2020 2019
Revenue (1)
Infrastructure $ 160.8  $ 168.4  $ 509.6  $ 556.2 
Clean Energy 10.3  8.7  31.0  19.3 
Telecommunications 136.4  162.2  430.1  507.0 
Spectrum 9.7  10.0  29.3  29.8 
Total revenue $ 317.2  $ 349.3  $ 1,000.0  $ 1,112.3 
(1) The Insurance segment does not have revenues in scope of ASC 606.

Accounts receivables, net from contracts with customers consist of the following (in millions):

September 30, December 31,
  2020 2019
Accounts receivables with customers
Infrastructure $ 170.4  $ 199.2 
Clean Energy 15.0  31.1 
Telecommunications 50.7  51.9 
Spectrum 6.8  8.5 
Total accounts receivables with customers $ 242.9  $ 290.7 
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HC2 HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUE

Infrastructure Segment

The following table disaggregates DBMG's revenue by market (in millions):

Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
  2020 2019 2020 2019
Commercial $ 48.2  $ 50.6  $ 165.0  $ 162.9 
Convention 1.2  9.7  5.0  66.8 
Healthcare 7.9  12.1  20.6  34.5 
Industrial 52.2  63.1  170.6  179.6 
Transportation 18.2  14.4  58.0  48.8 
Leisure 8.2  10.8  35.5  37.2 
Other 24.8  7.5  54.2  26.0 
Total revenue from contracts with customers 160.7  168.2  508.9  555.8 
Other revenue 0.1  0.2  0.7  0.4 
Total Infrastructure segment revenue $ 160.8  $ 168.4  $ 509.6  $ 556.2 

Contract assets and contract liabilities consisted of the following (in millions):
September 30, December 31,
  2020 2019
Contract assets $ 48.2  $ 50.6 
Contract liabilities $ (60.3) $ (50.6)

The change in contract assets is a result of the recording of $22.2 million of costs in excess of billings driven by new commercial projects, offset by $24.6 million of costs in excess of billings transferred to receivables from contract assets recognized at the beginning of the period. The change in contract liabilities is a result of periodic billing in excess of costs of $50.0 million driven largely by new commercial projects, offset by revenue recognized that was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period in the amount of $40.3 million.

The transaction price allocated to remaining unsatisfied performance obligations consisted of the following (in millions):

  Within one year Within five years Total
Commercial $ 156.7  $ 25.0  $ 181.7 
Convention 24.5  2.0  26.5 
Healthcare 39.7  —  39.7 
Industrial 47.3  —  47.3 
Transportation 27.1  —  27.1 
Leisure 14.7  —  14.7 
Other 82.6  3.0  85.6 
Remaining unsatisfied performance obligations $ 392.6  $ 30.0  $ 422.6 

DBMG includes an additional $13.3 million in its backlog that is not included in the remaining unsatisfied performance obligations noted above. This backlog represents commitments under master service agreements that are estimated amounts of work to be performed based on customer communications, historic experience and knowledge of our customers' intentions.

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HC2 HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUE
Clean Energy Segment

The following table disaggregates Beyond6's revenue by type (in millions):

Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
Volume-related $ 8.7  $ 8.5  $ 25.7  $ 18.5 
Maintenance services —  —  —  0.1 
Total revenue from contracts with customers 8.7  8.5  25.7  18.6 
Clean Energy incentives 0.4  0.1  0.6  0.5 
Alternative fuel tax credit 1.2  —  3.9  — 
Other revenue —  0.1  0.8  0.2 
Total Clean Energy segment revenue $ 10.3  $ 8.7  $ 31.0  $ 19.3 

Telecommunications Segment

ICS's revenues are predominantly derived from wholesale of international long distance minutes (in millions):

Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
Termination of long distance minutes $ 136.4  $ 162.2  $ 430.1  $ 507.0 
Total revenue from contracts with customers 136.4  162.2  430.1  507.0 
Other revenue —  —  —  — 
Total Telecommunications segment revenue $ 136.4  $ 162.2  $ 430.1  $ 507.0 

Spectrum Segment

The following table disaggregates the Spectrum segment's revenue by type (in millions):

Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
Network advertising $ 4.1  $ 5.1  $ 13.1  $ 15.9 
Broadcast station 4.0  3.1  11.3  8.7 
Network distribution 1.0  1.1  3.0  3.8 
Other 0.6  0.7  1.9  1.4 
Total revenue from contracts with customers 9.7  10.0  29.3  29.8 
Other revenue —  —  —  — 
Total Spectrum segment revenue $ 9.7  $ 10.0  $ 29.3  $ 29.8 

The transaction price allocated to remaining unsatisfied performance obligations consisted of $3.2 million, $7.0 million, and $0.2 million of network advertising, broadcasting station revenues, and other revenues, respectively, of which $5.4 million is expected to be recognized within one year and an additional $5.0 million is expected to be recognized within five years.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUE
5. Acquisitions, Dispositions, and Deconsolidations

Other Segment

Sale of GMSL

On January 30, 2020, the Company announced that, through its indirect subsidiary GMH in which the Company holds an approximately 73% controlling interest, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to sell 100% of the shares of GMSL to Trafalgar AcquisitionCo, Ltd. and an affiliate of J.F. Lehman & Company, LLC. The total base consideration was $250.0 million, subject to customary purchase price adjustments, working capital adjustments, and a potential earn-out of up to $12.5 million at such time, if any, if J.F. Lehman & Company, LLC and its investment affiliates achieve a specified multiple of their invested capital.

The purchase price is subject to customary potential downward or upward post-closing adjustments based on net working capital, cash, unpaid transaction expenses, indebtedness and certain of the Company’s pre-closing paid capital expenditures. The Share Purchase Agreement contains customary representations, warranties and covenants for a transaction of this nature. In connection with the closing of the transaction, the purchaser deposited (i) $1.25 million of the base price into an escrow fund for the purpose of securing certain indemnification obligations for losses payable in the first twelve months after closing and (ii) $1.91 million of the base price into an escrow fund for the purpose of securing a purchase price adjustment, if any, in favor of purchaser. Following the closing, the purchaser shall pay an amount equal to $2.4 million on the earlier of December 31, 2020 and the date on which a cash collateralized bonding facility is released.

The transaction closed on February 28, 2020. GMH received approximately $144.0 million of net proceeds from the sale, of which $36.8 million and $5.5 million were paid to noncontrolling interest holders and redeemable noncontrolling interest holders, respectively. HC2 received net proceeds of approximately $100.8 million.

The Company recorded a $39.3 million loss on the sale, inclusive of recognizing a $31.3 million loss from the realization of AOCI. The Company recorded an overall gain of $31.8 million from the disposition of the Marine Segment upon the sale of the portion of New Saxon’s interest in HMN that represents 30% of HMN, which closed in May 2020.

See Note 3. Discontinued Operations for further details.

Sale of HMN

On October 30, 2019, the Company announced the sale of its stake in HMN, its 49% joint venture with Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., to Hengtong Optic-Electric Co Ltd. The sale valued HMN at $285 million, and GMH's 49% stake, through New Saxon, at approximately $140 million.

Under the terms of the Sale and Purchase Agreement, the sale of New Saxon’s 49% interest in HMN will be affected in two tranches. The sale of the portion of New Saxon’s 30% interest of HMN, closed on May 12, 2020 (the "First HMN Close"). The remaining 19% interest of HMN is retained by New Saxon and subject to a put option agreement by New Saxon, exercisable starting on the second year anniversary of the closing date of the First HMN Close at a price equal to the greater of the share price paid for the 30% interest or fair market value as of the exercisable date.

In conjunction with the first tranche of the sale, the Company received $85.5 million in cash, of which $17.5 million and $2.1 million were paid to noncontrolling interest holders and redeemable noncontrolling interest holders, respectively. New Saxon recorded a $71.1 million gain, included in Other income (loss) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The gain recognized includes $11.3 million related to the fair value of the put option. In addition, the Company recorded a $7.2 million tax expense related to a foreign tax payment when the first tranche closed.

Clean Energy Segment

On June 14, 2019, Beyond6 acquired ampCNG's 20 natural gas fueling stations, located primarily in the Southeastern U.S. and Texas, for cash consideration of $41.2 million. Beyond6’s network reach expanded to over 60 stations, making it one of the largest owners and operators of compressed natural gas stations in the country. Transaction was accounted for as asset acquisition.

To finance the acquisition, Beyond6 entered into a term loan with M&T bank for $28.0 million and issued preferred stock and ten year warrants for common stock for $14.0 million. The preferred stock bears a 14% coupon and is mandatorily redeemable in four years. The warrants are exercisable at $0.001 per share of common stock and will represent 6% of Beyond6 when exercised. Beyond6 received $5.0 million of proceeds from CGI. Consequently, related preferred stock and warrants are eliminated in consolidation. Mandatorily redeemable preferred stock and warrants are recorded within Other liabilities.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUE
Spectrum Segment

During the year ended December 31, 2019, HC2 Broadcasting acquired a series of licenses for a total consideration of $71.4 million. All transactions were accounted for as asset acquisitions.

6. Investments

Fixed Maturity Securities

The following tables provide information relating to investments in fixed maturity securities (in millions):

September 30, 2020
Amortized
Cost
Unrealized
Gains 		Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
U.S. Government and government agencies $ 7.3  $ 1.2  $ —  $ 8.5 
States, municipalities and political subdivisions 375.2  54.5  —  429.7 
Residential mortgage-backed securities 53.4  4.7  (1.1) 57.0 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 109.2  1.4  (16.6) 94.0 
Asset-backed securities 528.2  3.0  (33.9) 497.3 
Corporate and other 2,847.6  415.6  (54.5) 3,208.7 
Total fixed maturity securities $ 3,920.9  $ 480.4  $ (106.1) $ 4,295.2 

December 31, 2019 Amortized
Cost 		Unrealized
Gains 		Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
U.S. Government and government agencies $ 7.0  $ 0.7  $ —  $ 7.7 
States, municipalities and political subdivisions 405.4  34.7  —  440.1 
Residential mortgage-backed securities 63.0  4.5  (0.6) 66.9 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 108.2  1.8  (0.6) 109.4 
Asset-backed securities 592.6  2.2  (17.0) 577.8 
Corporate and other 2,569.1  273.1  (15.2) 2,827.0 
Total fixed maturity securities $ 3,745.3  $ 317.0  $ (33.4) $ 4,028.9 

The amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturity securities available-for-sale as of September 30, 2020 are shown by contractual maturity in the table below (in millions). Actual maturities can differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Asset and mortgage-backed securities are shown separately in the table below, as they are not due at a single maturity date:
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUE
Amortized
Cost 		Fair
Value
Corporate, Municipal, U.S. Government and Other securities
Due in one year or less $ 44.8  $ 45.3 
Due after one year through five years 266.6  276.4 
Due after five years through ten years 439.6  466.3 
Due after ten years 2,479.1  2,858.9 
Subtotal 3,230.1  3,646.9 
Mortgage-backed securities 162.6  151.0 
Asset-backed securities 528.2  497.3 
Total $ 3,920.9  $ 4,295.2 

The tables below show the major industry types of the Company’s corporate and other fixed maturity securities (in millions):

September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
Amortized
Cost 		Fair
Value 		% of
Total 		Amortized
Cost 		Fair
Value 		% of
Total
Finance, insurance, and real estate $ 1,013.5  $ 1,060.4  33.1  % $ 632.2  $ 674.9  23.8  %
Transportation, communication and other services 677.4  757.8  23.6  % 785.7  855.2  30.3  %
Manufacturing 700.6  854.9  26.6  % 728.7  825.9  29.2  %
Other 456.1  535.6  16.7  % 422.5  471.0  16.7  %
Total $ 2,847.6  $ 3,208.7  100.0  % $ 2,569.1  $ 2,827.0  100.0  %

A portion of certain OTTI losses on fixed maturity securities is recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income ("AOCI"). For these securities the net amount represents the difference between the amortized cost of the security and the net present value of its projected future cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate implicit in the debt security prior to impairment. Any remaining difference between the fair value and amortized cost is recognized in AOCI. The Company recognized the following (in millions):

Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
Net realized and unrealized gains on investments $ 4.9  $ —  $ 5.8  $ — 
Other income (expenses), net —  —  0.1  — 
Total other-than-temporary impairments $ 4.9  $ —  $ 5.9  $ — 

The following table presents the total unrealized losses for the 185 and 139 fixed maturity securities held by the Company as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, where the estimated fair value had declined and remained below amortized cost by the indicated amount (in millions):
September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
Fixed maturity securities Unrealized Losses % of
Total 		Unrealized Losses % of
Total
Less than 20% $ (65.7) 62.0  % $ (32.6) 97.6  %
20% or more for less than six months (21.8) 20.5  % —  —  %
20% or more for six months or greater (18.6) 17.5  % (0.8) 2.4  %
Total $ (106.1) 100.0  % $ (33.4) 100.0  %

The determination of whether unrealized losses are "other-than-temporary" requires judgment based on subjective as well as objective factors. Factors considered and resources used by management include (i) whether the unrealized loss is credit-driven or a result of changes in market interest rates, (ii) the extent to which fair value is less than cost basis, (iii) cash flow projections received from independent sources, (iv) historical operating, balance sheet and cash flow data contained in issuer SEC filings and news releases, (v) near-term prospects for improvement in the issuer and/or its industry, (vi) third party research and communications with industry specialists, (vii) financial models and forecasts, (viii) the continuity of dividend payments, maintenance of investment grade ratings and hybrid nature of certain investments, (ix) discussions with issuer management, and (x) ability and intent to hold the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for anticipated recovery in fair value.

The Company analyzes its MBS for OTTI each quarter based upon expected future cash flows. Management estimates expected future cash flows based upon its knowledge of the MBS market, cash flow projections (which reflect loan-to-collateral values, subordination, vintage and geographic concentration) received from independent sources, implied cash flows inherent in security ratings and analysis of historical payment data.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUE
The Company believes it will recover its cost basis in the non-impaired securities with unrealized losses and that the Company has the ability to hold the securities until they recover in value. The Company neither intends to sell nor does it expect to be required to sell the securities with unrealized losses as of September 30, 2020. However, unforeseen facts and circumstances may cause the Company to sell fixed maturity and equity securities in the ordinary course of managing its portfolio to meet certain diversification, credit quality and liquidity guidelines.

The following tables present the estimated fair values and gross unrealized losses for the 185 and 139 fixed maturity securities held by the Company that have estimated fair values below amortized cost as of each of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The Company does not have any OTTI losses reported in AOCI. These investments are presented by investment category and the length of time the related fair value has remained below amortized cost (in millions):

September 30, 2020 Less than 12 months 12 months or greater Total
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses 		Fair
Value 		Unrealized
Losses 		Fair
Value 		Unrealized
Losses
States, municipalities and political subdivisions $ 3.6  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 3.6  $ — 
Residential mortgage-backed securities 5.3  (0.5) 5.4  (0.6) 10.7  (1.1)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 57.0  (16.6) 0.2  —  57.2  (16.6)
Asset-backed securities 197.2  (10.2) 162.0  (23.7) 359.2  (33.9)
Corporate and other 468.2  (29.4) 105.1  (25.1) 573.3  (54.5)
Total fixed maturity securities $ 731.3  $ (56.7) $ 272.7  $ (49.4) $ 1,004.0  $ (106.1)

December 31, 2019 Less than 12 months 12 months of greater Total
Fair
Value 		Unrealized
Losses 		Fair
Value 		Unrealized
Losses 		Fair
Value 		Unrealized
Losses
U.S. Government and government agencies $ 0.3  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 0.3  $ — 
States, municipalities and political subdivisions 2.0  —  —  —  2.0  — 
Residential mortgage-backed securities 2.3  —  8.2  (0.6) 10.5  (0.6)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 58.1  (0.6) 0.2  —  58.3  (0.6)
Asset-backed securities 126.5  (1.5) 255.8  (15.5) 382.3  (17.0)
Corporate and other 169.6  (3.7) 177.4  (11.5) 347.0  (15.2)
Total fixed maturity securities $ 358.8  $ (5.8) $ 441.6  $ (27.6) $ 800.4  $ (33.4)

As of September 30, 2020, investment grade fixed maturity securities (as determined by nationally recognized rating agencies) represented approximately 68.6% of the gross unrealized loss and 86.7% of the fair value. As of December 31, 2019, investment grade fixed maturity securities represented approximately 68.3% of the gross unrealized loss and 81.8% of the fair value. Certain risks are inherent in connection with fixed maturity securities, including loss upon default, price volatility in reaction to changes in interest rates, and general market factors and risks associated with reinvestment of proceeds due to prepayments or redemptions in a period of declining interest rates.

Equity securities

The following tables provide information relating to investments in equity securities measured at fair value (in millions):

September 30, December 31,
Equity securities 2020 2019
Common stock $ 4.4  $ 10.5 
Perpetual preferred stock 69.8  82.0 
Total equity securities $ 74.2  $ 92.5 
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUE

Net investment income

The major sources of net investment income were as follows (in millions):

Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale at fair value $ 43.5  $ 45.2  $ 134.1  $ 132.5 
Equity securities 0.5  1.9  2.4  6.5 
Mortgage loans 2.7  3.4  11.2  10.2 
Policy loans 0.3  0.3  0.9  0.9 
Other invested assets (0.1) 0.8  (0.6) 3.4 
Gross investment income 46.9  51.6  148.0  153.5 
External investment expense (0.2) (0.4) (0.9) (0.9)
Net investment income $ 46.7  $ 51.2  $ 147.1  $ 152.6 

Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments

The major sources of net realized and unrealized gains and losses on investments were as follows (in millions):
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
Realized gains on fixed maturity securities $ 3.3  $ 1.4  $ 15.3  $ 6.4 
Realized losses on fixed maturity securities (2.3) (2.9) (15.4) (8.0)
Realized gains on equity securities —  1.4  0.2  1.8 
Realized losses on equity securities (2.2) (0.1) (2.3) (1.2)
Realized gains on mortgage loans 1.9  1.0  2.1  1.0 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities 4.6  (1.6) (13.9) 4.2 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments 0.4  (1.1) 1.0  (2.1)
Impairment loss (4.9) —  (5.8) — 
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) $ 0.8  $ (1.9) $ (18.8) $ 2.1 

7. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Assets by Hierarchy Level

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below (in millions):

September 30, 2020 Fair Value Measurement Using:
Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Assets
Fixed maturity securities
U.S. Government and government agencies $ 8.5  $ 5.4  $ 3.1  $ — 
States, municipalities and political subdivisions 429.7  —  427.7  2.0 
Residential mortgage-backed securities 57.0  —  47.5  9.5 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 94.0  —  39.8  54.2 
Asset-backed securities 497.3  —  29.5  467.8 
Corporate and other 3,208.7  43.1  2,973.8  191.8 
Total fixed maturity securities 4,295.2  48.5  3,521.4  725.3 
Equity securities
Common stocks 4.4  4.0  —  0.4 
Perpetual preferred stocks 69.8  4.9  20.1  44.8 
Total equity securities 74.2  8.9  20.1  45.2 
Total assets accounted for at fair value $ 4,369.4  $ 57.4  $ 3,541.5  $ 770.5 
Liabilities
Embedded derivative $ 2.2  $ —  $ —  $ 2.2 
Other 4.7  —  —  4.7 
Total liabilities accounted for at fair value $ 6.9  $ —  $ —  $ 6.9 

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December 31, 2019 Fair Value Measurement Using:
Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Assets
Fixed maturity securities
U.S. Government and government agencies $ 7.7  $ 4.8  $ 2.9  $ — 
States, municipalities and political subdivisions 440.1  —  440.1  — 
Residential mortgage-backed securities 66.9  —  57.7  9.2 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 109.4  —  74.8  34.6 
Asset-backed securities 577.8  —  27.2  550.6 
Corporate and other 2,827.0  46.5  2,669.5  111.0 
Total fixed maturity securities 4,028.9  51.3  3,272.2  705.4 
Equity securities
Common stocks 10.5  7.1  —  3.4 
Perpetual preferred stocks 82.0  5.0  22.8  54.2 
Total equity securities 92.5  12.1  22.8  57.6 
Total assets accounted for at fair value $ 4,121.4  $ 63.4  $ 3,295.0  $ 763.0 
Liabilities
Embedded Derivatives $ 3.0  $ —  $ —  $ 3.0 
Other 4.8  —  —  4.8 
Total liabilities accounted for at fair value $ 7.8  $ —  $ —  $ 7.8 

The Company reviews the fair value hierarchy classifications each reporting period. Changes in the observability of the valuation attributes may result in a reclassification of certain financial assets or liabilities. Such reclassifications are reported as transfers in and out of Level 3 at the beginning fair value for the reporting period in which the changes occur. Availability of secondary market activity and consistency of pricing from third-party sources impacts the Company's ability to classify securities as Level 2 or Level 3.

The Company’s assessment resulted in a net transfer into Level 3 of $76.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The Company’s assessment resulted in a net transfer out of Level 3 of $41.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

The methods and assumptions the Company uses to estimate the fair value of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below:

Fixed Maturity Securities. The fair values of the Company’s publicly-traded fixed maturity securities are generally based on prices obtained from independent pricing services. Prices from pricing services are sourced from multiple vendors, and a vendor hierarchy is maintained by asset type based on historical pricing experience and vendor expertise. In some cases, the Company receives prices from multiple pricing services for each security, but ultimately uses the price from the pricing service highest in the vendor hierarchy based on the respective asset type. Consistent with the fair value hierarchy described above, securities with validated quotes from pricing services are generally reflected within Level 2, as they are primarily based on observable pricing for similar assets and/or other market observable inputs.

If the Company ultimately concludes that pricing information received from the independent pricing service is not reflective of market activity, non-binding broker quotes are used, if available. If the Company concludes the values from both pricing services and brokers are not reflective of market activity, it may override the information from the pricing service or broker with an internally developed valuation, however, this occurs infrequently. Internally developed valuations or non-binding broker quotes are also used to determine fair value in circumstances where vendor pricing is not available. These estimates may use significant unobservable inputs, which reflect the Company’s assumptions about the inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset. Pricing service overrides, internally developed valuations and non-binding broker quotes are generally based on significant unobservable inputs and are reflected as Level 3 in the valuation hierarchy.

The inputs used in the valuation of corporate and government securities include, but are not limited to, standard market observable inputs which are derived from, or corroborated by, market observable data including market yield curve, duration, call provisions, observable prices and spreads for similar publicly traded or privately traded issues that incorporate the credit quality and industry sector of the issuer.

For structured securities, valuation is based primarily on matrix pricing or other similar techniques using standard market inputs including spreads for actively traded securities, spreads off benchmark yields, expected prepayment speeds and volumes, current and forecasted loss severity, rating, weighted average coupon, weighted average maturity, average delinquency rates, geographic region, debt-service coverage ratios and issuance-specific information including, but not limited to: collateral type, payment terms of the underlying assets, payment priority within the tranche, structure of the security, deal performance and vintage of loans.

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When observable inputs are not available, the market standard valuation techniques for determining the estimated fair value of certain types of securities that trade infrequently, and therefore have little or no price transparency, rely on inputs that are significant to the estimated fair value but that are not observable in the market or cannot be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data. These unobservable inputs are sometimes based in large part on management judgment or estimation, and cannot be supported by reference to market activity. Even though unobservable, these inputs are based on assumptions deemed appropriate given the circumstances and are believed to be consistent with what other market participants would use when pricing such securities.

The fair values of private placement securities are primarily determined using a discounted cash flow model. In certain cases, these models primarily use observable inputs with a discount rate based upon the average of spread surveys collected from private market intermediaries who are active in both primary and secondary transactions, taking into account, among other factors, the credit quality and industry sector of the issuer and the reduced liquidity associated with private placements. Generally, these securities have been reflected within Level 3. For certain private fixed maturities, the discounted cash flow model may also incorporate significant unobservable inputs, which reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the inputs market participants would use in pricing the security. To the extent management determines that such unobservable inputs are not significant to the price of a security, a Level 2 classification is made. Otherwise, a Level 3 classification is used.

Equity Securities. The balance consists principally of common and preferred stock of publicly and privately traded companies. The fair values of publicly traded equity securities are primarily based on quoted market prices in active markets and are classified within Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. The fair values of preferred equity securities, for which quoted market prices are not readily available, are based on prices obtained from independent pricing services and these securities are generally classified within Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of common stock of privately held companies was determined using unobservable market inputs, including volatility and underlying security values and was classified as Level 3.

Cash Equivalents. The balance consists of money market instruments, which are generally valued using unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible for identical assets and are primarily classified as Level 1. Various time deposits carried as cash equivalents are not measured at estimated fair value and, therefore, are excluded from the tables presented.

Level 3 Measurements and Transfers

The following tables summarize changes to the Company’s financial instruments carried at fair value and classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 (in millions):

Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in
Balance at June 30, 2020 Net earnings (loss) Other comp.
income (loss) 		Purchases and issuances Sales and
settlements 		Transfer to Level 3 Transfer out of Level 3 Balance at September 30, 2020
Assets
Fixed maturity securities
States, municipalities and political subdivisions $ 3.0  $ —  $ (0.3) $ —  $ (3.0) $ 2.3  $ —  $ 2.0 
Residential mortgage-backed securities 9.6  —  0.4  —  (0.5) —  —  9.5 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 51.1  (2.1) 5.4  —  (0.2) —  —  54.2 
Asset-backed securities 502.8  (1.2) 12.9  0.1  (46.8) —  —  467.8 
Corporate and other 142.6  (2.8) 4.8  29.3  (2.4) 25.9  (5.6) 191.8 
Total fixed maturity securities 709.1  (6.1) 23.2  29.4  (52.9) 28.2  (5.6) 725.3 
Equity securities
Common stocks 1.5  (1.1) —  —  —  —  —  0.4 
Perpetual preferred stocks 43.9  —  0.9  —  —  —  —  44.8 
Total equity securities 45.4  (1.1) 0.9  —  —  —  —  45.2 
Total financial assets $ 754.5  $ (7.2) $ 24.1  $ 29.4  $ (52.9) $ 28.2  $ (5.6) $ 770.5 

Total realized/unrealized (gains) losses included in
Balance at June 30, 2020 Net earnings (loss) Other comp. income (loss) Purchases and issuances Sales and settlements Transfer to Level 3 Transfer out of Level 3 Balance at September 30, 2020
Liabilities
Embedded derivative $ 8.7  $ (6.5) $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 2.2 
Other 3.9  0.8  —  —  —  —  —  4.7 
Total financial liabilities $ 12.6  $ (5.7) $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 6.9 
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUE

Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in
Balance at
December 31, 2019 		Net earnings
(loss) 		Other comp.
income (loss) 		Purchases and
issuances 		Sales and
settlements 		Transfer to
Level 3 		Transfer out of
Level 3 		Balance at
September 30, 2020
Assets
Fixed maturity securities
States, municipalities and political subdivisions $ —  $ 0.2  $ 0.6  $ —  $ (3.0) $ 15.2  $ (11.0) $ 2.0 
Residential mortgage-backed securities 9.2  —  (1.2) —  (2.0) 6.8  (3.3) 9.5 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 34.6  (2.0) (8.0) —  (0.4) 30.0  —  54.2 
Asset-backed securities 550.6  (7.1) (14.8) 60.1  (132.5) 191.8  (180.3) 467.8 
Corporate and other 111.0  (3.0) (0.7) 65.2  (6.5) 71.4  (45.6) 191.8 
Total fixed maturity securities 705.4  (11.9) (24.1) 125.3  (144.4) 315.2  (240.2) 725.3 
Equity securities
Common stocks 3.4  (3.0) —  —  —  —  —  0.4 
Perpetual preferred stocks 54.2  2.3  (13.4) —  —  1.7  —  44.8 
Total equity securities 57.6  (0.7) (13.4) —  —  1.7  —  45.2 
Total financial assets $ 763.0  $ (12.6) $ (37.5) $ 125.3  $ (144.4) $ 316.9  $ (240.2) $ 770.5 

Total realized/unrealized (gains) losses included in
Balance at
December 31, 2019 		Net earnings
(loss) 		Other comp.
income (loss) 		Purchases and
issuances 		Sales and
settlements 		Transfer to
Level 3 		Transfer out of
Level 3 		Balance at
September 30, 2020
Liabilities
Embedded derivative $ 3.0  $ (0.8) $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 2.2 
Other 4.8  (0.1) —  —  —  —  —  4.7 
Total financial liabilities $ 7.8  $ (0.9) $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 6.9 

Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in
Balance at June 30, 2019 Net earnings (loss) Other comp. income (loss) Purchases and issuances Sales and settlements Transfer to Level 3 Transfer out of Level 3 Balance at September 30, 2019
Assets
Fixed maturity securities
States, municipalities and political subdivisions $ 3.7  $ —  $ 0.1  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ (3.8) $ — 
Residential mortgage-backed securities 12.5  —  (0.1) —  (0.7) —  (3.5) 8.2 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 66.4  0.2  1.3  —  (7.4) —  —  60.5 
Asset-backed securities 412.6  (0.5) (6.3) 13.6  (38.3) 14.2  (76.4) 318.9 
Corporate and other 158.1  (0.4) 2.2  3.1  (10.3) —  (45.8) 106.9 
Total fixed maturity securities 653.3  (0.7) (2.8) 16.7  (56.7) 14.2  (129.5) 494.5 
Equity securities
Common stocks 4.9  (0.5) 0.1  —  (0.2) —  —  4.3 
Perpetual preferred stocks 57.1  (0.2) (1.5) —  (2.6) —  —  52.8 
Total equity securities 62.0  (0.7) (1.4) —  (2.8) —  —  57.1 
Total financial assets $ 715.3  $ (1.4) $ (4.2) $ 16.7  $ (59.5) $ 14.2  $ (129.5) $ 551.6 

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HC2 HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUE
Total realized/unrealized (gains) losses included in
Balance at June 30, 2019 Net earnings (loss) Other comp. income (loss) Purchases and issuances Sales and settlements Transfer to Level 3 Transfer out of Level 3 Balance at September 30, 2019
Liabilities
Embedded derivatives $ 2.9  $ 1.6  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 4.5 
Other 5.4  —  —  —  —  —  —  5.4 
Total financial liabilities $ 8.3  $ 1.6  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 9.9 

Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in
Balance at
December 31, 2018 		Net earnings
(loss) 		Other comp.
income (loss) 		Purchases and
issuances 		Sales and
settlements 		Transfer to
Level 3 		Transfer out of
Level 3 		Balance at
September 30, 2019
Assets
Fixed maturity securities
States, municipalities and political subdivisions $ —  $ —  $ 0.1  $ —  $ (0.5) $ 4.2  $ (3.8) $ — 
Residential mortgage-backed securities 19.0  —  0.2  —  (1.5) —  (9.5) 8.2 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 58.2  0.2  3.4  7.5  (7.9) —  (0.9) 60.5 
Asset-backed securities 478.2  (2.1) 11.7  102.1  (214.4) 19.8  (76.4) 318.9 
Corporate and other 85.0  (0.5) 4.5  23.5  (27.8) 105.0  (82.8) 106.9 
Total fixed maturity securities 640.4  (2.4) 19.9  133.1  (252.1) 129.0  (173.4) 494.5 
Equity securities
Common stocks 5.9  (0.3) 0.1  —  (1.2) —  (0.2) 4.3 
Perpetual preferred stocks 55.3  (3.9) (1.5) 2.5  (2.6) 3.0  —  52.8 
Total equity securities 61.2  (4.2) (1.4) 2.5  (3.8) 3.0  (0.2) 57.1 
Total financial assets $ 701.6  $ (6.6) $ 18.5  $ 135.6  $ (255.9) $ 132.0  $ (173.6) $ 551.6 
Total realized/unrealized (gains) losses included in
Balance at
December 31, 2018 		Net earnings
(loss) 		Other comp.
income (loss) 		Purchases and
issuances 		Sales and
settlements 		Transfer to
Level 3 		Transfer out of
Level 3 		Balance at
September 30, 2020
Liabilities
Embedded derivatives $ 8.4  $ (3.9) $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 4.5 
Other 3.5  (1.1) —  3.0  —  —  —  5.4 
Total financial liabilities $ 11.9  $ (5.0) $ —  $ 3.0  $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 9.9 

Internally developed fair values of Level 3 assets represent less than 1% of the Company’s total assets. Any justifiable changes in unobservable inputs used to determine internally developed fair values would not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position.

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Fair Value of Financial Instruments Not Measured at Fair Value

The following table presents the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments, which were not measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The table excludes carrying amounts for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and other current liabilities, and other assets and liabilities approximate fair value due to relatively short periods to maturity (in millions):

September 30, 2020 Fair Value Measurement Using:
Carrying Value Estimated Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Assets
Mortgage loans $ 121.1  $ 121.1  $ —  $ —  $ 121.1 
Policy loans 18.2  18.2  —  18.2  — 
Other invested assets 11.3  11.3  —  —  11.3 
Total assets not accounted for at fair value $ 150.6  $ 150.6  $ —  $ 18.2  $ 132.4 
Liabilities
Annuity benefits accumulated (1)
$ 228.1  $ 228.4  $ —  $ —  $ 228.4 
Long-term obligations (2)
647.5  643.7  —  643.7  — 
Total liabilities not accounted for at fair value $ 875.6  $ 872.1  $ —  $ 643.7  $ 228.4 

December 31, 2019 Fair Value Measurement Using:
Carrying Value Estimated Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Assets
Mortgage loans $ 183.5  $ 183.5  $ —  $ —  $ 183.5 
Policy loans 19.1  19.1  —  19.1  — 
Total assets not accounted for at fair value $ 202.6  $ 202.6  $ —  $ 19.1  $ 183.5 
Liabilities
Annuity benefits accumulated (1)
$ 233.9  $ 231.0  $ —  $ —  $ 231.0 
Long-term obligations (2)
772.0  768.9  —  768.9  — 
Total liabilities not accounted for at fair value $ 1,005.9  $ 999.9  $ —  $ 768.9  $ 231.0 
(1) Excludes life contingent annuities in the payout phase.
(2) Excludes certain lease obligations accounted for under ASC 842, Leases.

Mortgage Loans on Real Estate. The fair value of mortgage loans on real estate is estimated by discounting cash flows, both principal and interest, using current interest rates for mortgage loans with similar credit ratings and similar remaining maturities. As such, inputs include current treasury yields and spreads, which are based on the credit rating and average life of the loan, corresponding to the market spreads. The valuation of mortgage loans on real estate is considered Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

Annuity Benefits Accumulated. The fair value of annuity benefits was determined using the surrender values of the annuities and classified as Level 3.

Long-term Obligations. The fair value of the Company’s long-term obligations was determined using Bloomberg Valuation Service BVAL. The methodology combines direct market observations from contributed sources with quantitative pricing models to generate evaluated prices and classified as Level 2.

8. Accounts Receivable, net

Accounts receivable, net consist of the following (in millions):
September 30, December 31,
  2020 2019
Contracts in progress $ 121.8  $ 177.8 
Trade receivables 57.9  60.6 
Unbilled retentions 64.6  53.9 
Other receivables 9.4  21.0 
Allowance for doubtful accounts (1.4) (1.5)
Total accounts receivable, net $ 252.3  $ 311.8 

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9. Recoverable from Reinsurers

Recoverable from reinsurers consists of the following (in millions):
September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
Reinsurer A.M. Best Rating Amount % of Total Amount % of Total
Munich American Reassurance Company A+ $ 362.2  37.6  % $ 347.6  36.4  %
Hannover Life Reassurance Company of America A+ 314.7  32.7  % 323.3  33.9  %
Loyal American Life Insurance Company A 150.0  15.6  % 147.5  15.5  %
Great American Life Insurance Company A 56.7  5.9  % 56.2  5.9  %
ManhattanLife Assurance Company of America B+ 46.7  4.9  % 47.0  4.9  %
Other 31.1  3.3  % 32.1  3.4  %
Total $ 961.4  100.0  % $ 953.7  100.0  %
10. Property, Plant and Equipment, net

Property, plant and equipment consists of the following (in millions):
September 30, December 31,
  2020 2019
Equipment, furniture and fixtures, and software $ 221.0  $ 212.8 
Building and leasehold improvements 41.3  40.1 
Land 36.5  36.8 
Construction in progress 3.9  4.8 
Plant and transportation equipment 4.9  5.2 
307.6  299.7 
Less: Accumulated depreciation 93.8  76.0 
Total $ 213.8  $ 223.7 

Depreciation expense was $7.2 million and $7.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. These amounts included $2.3 million and $2.2 million of depreciation expense recognized within cost of revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Depreciation expense was $21.0 million and $19.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. These amounts included $6.9 million and $6.7 million of depreciation expense recognized within cost of revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

11. Goodwill and Intangibles, net

HC2 is required to assess goodwill and indefinite-intangible assets for impairment annually, or more frequently if circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. The Company considered the current and expected future economic and market conditions surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on each of the reporting units. Further, the Company assessed the current market capitalization, forecasts and the amount of headroom in the 2019 impairment test.

As a result of this assessment, the Company determined that a “triggering event” had occurred relative to its Spectrum segment in the first quarter of 2020 and, as required, performed a quantitative analysis, with the assistance of a third-party valuation firm, of the value of the Spectrum reporting unit and its indefinite-lived intangible assets. Based on the analysis, the Company determined that the fair value of the Spectrum reporting unit and the related indefinite-lived intangible assets continue to exceed their carrying values and were not impaired as of March 31, 2020.

Determining the fair value of the Spectrum reporting unit and indefinite-lived intangible assets requires significant judgment and estimates by management, utilizing the income-approach, which utilizes several key inputs, including future cash flows consistent with management’s strategic plans, sales growth rates and a discount rate, amongst others. Estimating sales growth rates requires significant judgment by management in areas such as future economic conditions, growth rates, pricing, and consumer tastes and preferences. Given the inherent uncertainties in estimating the future impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on global macroeconomic conditions and interest rates in general and on the Spectrum business, actual results may differ from management’s current estimates and could have an adverse impact on one or more of the assumptions used in our quantitative models related to the Spectrum reporting unit, resulting in potential impairment charges in subsequent periods. At March 31, 2020, while the fair value of the Spectrum reporting unit declined, the fair value of the Spectrum reporting unit continued to exceed its carrying value.

The Company reviewed qualitative factors of potential impairment for Goodwill in the third quarter of 2020, and noted there were no triggering events which would indicate impairment may have occurred.

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The COVID-19 pandemic or other events could cause a further and sustained decline in the value of our reporting units or other triggering event that could cause the Company to perform a goodwill impairment test and result in an impairment charge being recorded in a future period.

Goodwill

The carrying amount of goodwill by segment was as follows (in millions):
  Infrastructure Clean Energy Spectrum Total
Balance at December 31, 2019 $ 89.0  $ 2.1  $ 21.4  $ 112.5 
Translation 0.2  —  —  0.2 
Balance at September 30, 2020 $ 89.2  $ 2.1  $ 21.4  $ 112.7 

Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets

The carrying amount of indefinite-lived intangible assets were as follows (in millions):
September 30, December 31,
2020 2019
FCC licenses $ 129.3  $ 136.2 
State licenses 2.5  2.5 
Total $ 131.8  $ 138.7 


During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, FCC licenses decreased $6.9 million primarily due to reclassifications to held-for-sale as a result of our Spectrum segment's execution of an Asset Purchase Agreement of an FCC license.

Definite Lived Intangible Assets

The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of amortizable intangible assets by major intangible asset class were as follows (in millions):
Weighted-Average Original Useful Life September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net
Trade names  13 Years $ 24.3  $ (8.2) $ 16.1  $ 24.2  $ (6.6) $ 17.6 
Customer relationships 10 Years 48.6  (16.5) 32.1  48.6  (13.1) 35.5 
Channel sharing arrangements 35 Years 20.2  (1.5) 18.7  27.2  (0.9) 26.3 
Other 7 Years 5.9  (2.4) 3.5  5.5  (1.9) 3.6 
Total $ 99.0  $ (28.6) $ 70.4  $ 105.5  $ (22.5) $ 83.0 

Amortization expense for definite lived intangible assets was $2.0 million and $2.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $6.0 million and $8.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Amortization expense was included in Depreciation and amortization in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Spectrum segment recorded an impairment of certain channel sharing arrangements of $6.9 million as a result of management's decision to sell certain non-core assets.

Excluding the impact of any future acquisitions, dispositions or change in foreign currency, the Company estimates the annual amortization expense of amortizable intangible assets for the next five fiscal years will be as follows (in millions):

2020 $ 2.2 
2021 7.5 
2022 7.4 
2023 7.3 
2024 6.8 
Thereafter 39.2 
Total $ 70.4 

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12. Life, Accident and Health Reserves

Life, accident and health reserves consist of the following (in millions):
September 30, December 31,
2020 2019
Long-term care insurance reserves $ 4,262.2  $ 4,201.6 
Traditional life insurance reserves 167.1  173.4 
Other accident and health insurance reserves 193.6  192.1 
Total life, accident and health reserves $ 4,622.9  $ 4,567.1 

The following table sets forth changes in the liability for claims for the portion of our long-term care insurance reserves (in millions):

Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019
Beginning balance $ 761.3  $ 738.5 
Less: recoverable from reinsurers
(131.0) (136.4)
Beginning balance, net 630.3  602.1 
Incurred related to insured events of:
Current year 166.3  159.2 
Prior years (34.2) (46.9)
Total incurred 132.1  112.3 
Paid related to insured events of:
Current year (8.9) (8.4)
Prior years (119.4) (106.9)
Total paid (128.3) (115.3)
Interest on liability for policy and contract claims 17.0  16.2 
Ending balance, net 651.1  615.3 
Add: recoverable from reinsurers
137.2  129.6 
Ending balance $ 788.3  $ 744.9 

The Insurance segment experienced favorable claims reserve developments of $34.2 million and $46.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. There was favorable development with claim terminations and care transitions for claims incurred prior to 2020 that created the sufficiency within the nine months ended September 30, 2020. Due to favorable development in the estimates for benefits remaining during the nine months ended September 30, 2019, experience in the first three quarters of 2020 has been less favorable than in 2019, but it is too early to determine if this trend will be persistent or is the result of normal volatility in claims activity from period to period.

13. Accounts Payable and Other Current Liabilities

Accounts payable and other current liabilities consist of the following (in millions):
September 30, December 31,
  2020 2019
Accounts payable $ 97.7  $ 134.6 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 67.7  75.2 
Accrued interconnection costs 42.2  43.5 
Accrued payroll and employee benefits 43.7  39.6 
Accrued interest 26.5  11.3 
Accrued income taxes 20.8  2.0 
Total accounts payable and other current liabilities $ 298.6  $ 306.2 
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14. Debt Obligations

Debt obligations consist of the following (in millions):
September 30, December 31,
2020 2019
Infrastructure
LIBOR plus 5.85% Note, due 2023
$ 73.6  $ 77.0 
LIBOR plus 1.50% Line of Credit
29.5  48.9 
Obligations under finance leases 0.2  0.2 
Clean Energy
LIBOR plus 3.0% Term Loan due in 2023
—  27.1 
5.00% Term Loan due in 2022
—  11.2 
4.50% Note due in 2022
—  10.2 
5.00% Term Loan due in 2024
57.0  — 
Other, various maturity dates 0.4  2.4 
Spectrum
8.50% Note due 2021
43.3  36.2 
10.50% Note due 2021
42.5  42.5 
Other, various maturity dates 5.3  7.9 
Obligations under finance leases 0.8  1.4 
Non-Operating Corporate
11.50% Senior Secured Notes, due 2021
342.4  470.0 
7.50% Convertible Senior Notes, due 2022
55.0  55.0 
LIBOR plus 6.75% Line of Credit
15.0  15.0 
Total 665.0  805.0 
Issuance discount, net and deferred financing costs (18.6) (31.4)
Total debt obligations $ 646.4  $ 773.6 
Aggregate finance lease and debt payments, including interest, are as follows (in millions):

Finance Leases Debt Total
2020 $ 0.9  $ 42.1  $ 43.0 
2021 0.1  517.0  517.1 
2022 —  77.5  77.5 
2023 —  79.8  79.8 
2024 —  49.1  49.1 
Thereafter —  —  — 
Total minimum principal & interest payments 1.0  765.5  766.5 
Less: Amount representing interest —  (101.5) (101.5)
Total aggregate finance lease and debt payments $ 1.0  $ 664.0  $ 665.0 

The interest rates on the finance leases range from approximately 2.0% to 11.5%.

Clean Energy

In August 2020, Clean Energy entered into a new credit facility with M&T bank. Proceeds from the loan and cash on hand were used to pay down the existing credit facilities with M&T and Pioneer as well as redeem its outstanding $14.0 million mandatorily redeemable preferred stock, included within Other liabilities on the Balance Sheets. The new credit facility is comprised of a $57.0 million term loan facility, a $2.5 million revolving line of credit and an $8.0 million delayed draw term loan ear-marked for new station builds, as well as a $10.0 million accordion feature.

Clean Energy recognized $2.4 million and $1.8 million in extinguishment losses related to the pay down of the existing credit facilities with M&T and the redemption of its mandatorily redeemable preferred stock, respectively, which is included in Loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.
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Spectrum

In February 2020, Spectrum amended its agreement governing its privately placed note funded by MSD Partners, L.P., increasing the principal balance to $39.3 million. The proceeds were used to repay principal and interest on existing debt.

In August 2020, Spectrum modified its agreement with MSD Partners, L.P. and Great American Life Insurance Company to extend the maturity on its privately placed notes to October 2021.

In September 2020, Spectrum amended its agreement governing its privately placed note funded by MSD Partners, L.P., increasing the principal balance by $4.0 million to $43.3 million. The proceeds were used to repay principal and interest on existing debt and for general business purposes.

Non-Operating Corporate

In March 2020, with the cash proceeds from the sale of GMSL, HC2 fully repaid its $15.0 million secured revolving line of credit with MSD PCOF Partners IX, LLC (the "2019 Revolving Credit Agreement"). HC2 recognized $0.4 million in extinguishment loss related to the repayment of the 2019 Revolving Credit Agreement, which is included in Loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

In March 2020, HC2 entered into a new $15.0 million secured revolving credit agreement (the “2020 Revolving Credit Agreement”). The 2020 Revolving Credit Agreement matures in September 2021. Loans under the 2020 Revolving Credit Agreement bear interest at a per annum rate equal to, at HC2's option, one, two or three month LIBOR plus a margin of 6.75%. In April 2020 and May 2020, HC2 drew $10.0 million and $5.0 million of the 2020 Revolving Credit Agreement, respectively. The Company used the proceeds for general corporate purposes.

In March 2020, with the cash proceeds from the sale of GMSL, HC2 redeemed $76.9 million of its 11.50% senior secured notes due 2021 (the "Senior Secured Notes") at a price equal to 104.5% of the principal amount plus accrued interest through the redemption date. HC2 recognized $5.4 million in extinguishment loss related to the redemption of its Senior Secured Notes, which is included in Loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

In June 2020, with the cash proceeds from the partial sale of New Saxon's interest in HMN, HC2 redeemed $50.6 million of its Senior Secured Notes at a price equal to 104.5% of the principal amount plus accrued interest through the redemption date. HC2 recognized $3.4 million in extinguishment loss related to the this redemption, which is included in Loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

HC2 is in compliance with our debt covenants as of September 30, 2020.

15. Income Taxes

Income Tax Expense

The Company used the Annual Effective Tax Rate ("ETR") approach of ASC 740-270, Interim Reporting, to calculate its 2020 interim tax provision.

Income tax expense was $1.6 million and $1.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The income tax expense recorded for the three months ended September 30, 2020 relates to the projected expense as calculated under ASC 740 for taxpaying entities, primarily the Insurance segment, which is no longer in a valuation allowance. Additionally, the tax benefits associated with losses generated by the HC2 Holdings, Inc. U.S. consolidated income tax return and certain other businesses have been reduced by a full valuation allowance as we do not believe it is more-likely-than-not that the losses will be utilized prior to expiration. The income tax expense recorded for the three months ended September 30, 2019 relates to the projected expense as calculated under ASC 740 for taxpaying entities offset by a benefit from the release of the valuation allowance of the Insurance segment due to an increase in current year income.

Income tax expense was $4.4 million and $6.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The income tax expense recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily relates to tax expense incurred in China from the partial sale of HMN and projected expense as calculated under ASC 740 for taxpaying entities, primarily the Insurance segment, offset by a discrete tax benefit from the carryback of net operating losses at the Insurance segment as a result of the enactment of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) in the first quarter of 2020. Additionally, the tax benefits associated with losses generated by the HC2 Holdings, Inc. U.S. consolidated income tax return and certain other businesses have been reduced by a full valuation allowance as we do not believe it is more-likely-than-not that the losses will be utilized prior to expiration. The income tax expense recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 relates to the projected expense as calculated under ASC 740 for taxpaying entities offset by a benefit from the release of the valuation allowance of the Insurance segment due to an increase in current year income.

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Net Operating Losses

At December 31, 2019, the Company had gross U.S. net operating loss carryforwards available to reduce future taxable income in the amount of $147.5 million, of which a portion is subject to annual limitation under IRC Sec. 382. Based on estimates as of September 30, 2020, the Company expects that approximately $115.8 million of the gross U.S. net operating loss carryforwards would be available to offset taxable income in 2020. This estimate may change based on changes to the quarterly forecasts and actual results reported on the 2020 U.S. tax return.

Unrecognized Tax Benefits

The Company follows the provision of ASC 740-10, Income Taxes, which prescribes a comprehensive model for how a company should recognize, measure, present, and disclose in its financial statements uncertain tax positions that the Company has taken or expects to take on a tax return. The Company is subject to challenge from various taxing authorities relative to certain tax planning strategies, including certain intercompany transactions as well as regulatory taxes.

Examinations

The Company conducts business globally, and as a result, the Company or one or more of its subsidiaries files income tax returns in the United States federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions. In the normal course of business the Company is subject to examination by taxing authorities throughout the world. The open tax years contain matters that could be subject to differing interpretations of applicable tax laws and regulations as they relate to the amount, character, timing or inclusion of revenue and expenses or the applicability of income tax credits for the relevant tax period. Given the nature of tax audits there is a risk that disputes may arise. Tax years 2002 - 2019 remain open for examination.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUE
16. Commitments and Contingencies

Future minimum purchase obligations as of December 31, 2019 were as follows (in millions):
2020 $ 86.3 
2021 3.3 
2022 0.2 
2023 0.2 
2024 0.2 
Thereafter — 
Total obligations $ 90.2 

As of December 31, 2019, undiscounted cash flows for finance and operating leases are as follows (in millions):

Operating Leases Finance
Leases
2020 $ 15.1  $ 1.0 
2021 13.4  0.7 
2022 10.9  0.1 
2023 8.8  — 
2024 6.6  — 
Thereafter 8.2  — 
Total future lease payments 63.0  1.8 
Less: Present values (9.3) (0.1)
Total lease liability balance $ 53.7  $ 1.7 


Litigation

The Company is subject to claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. Such matters are inherently uncertain, and there can be no guarantee that the outcome of any such matter will be decided favorably to the Company or that the resolution of any such matter will not have a material adverse effect upon the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company does not believe that any of such pending claims and legal proceedings will have a material adverse effect on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company records a liability in its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for these matters when a loss is known or considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. The Company reviews these estimates each accounting period as additional information is known and adjusts the loss provision when appropriate. If a matter is both probable to result in a liability and the amounts of loss can be reasonably estimated, the Company estimates and discloses the possible loss or range of loss to the extent necessary for its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements not to be misleading. If the loss is not probable or cannot be reasonably estimated, a liability is not recorded in its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Based on a review of the current facts and circumstances with counsel in each of the matters disclosed, management has provided for what is believed to be a reasonable estimate of loss exposure. While acknowledging the uncertainties of litigation, management believes that the ultimate outcome of litigation will not have a material effect on its financial position and will defend itself vigorously.

VAT assessment

On February 20, 2017, and on August 15, 2017, the Company's subsidiary, ICS, received notices from Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs office in the U.K. (the "HMRC") indicating that it was required to pay certain Value-Added Taxes ("VAT") for the 2015 and 2016 tax years.  PTGI-ICS, LTd. disagrees with HMRC’s assessments on technical and factual grounds and intends to dispute the assessed liabilities and vigorously defend its interests. We do not believe the assessment to be probable and expect to prevail based on the facts and merits of our existing VAT position.
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DBMG Class Action

On November 6, 2014, a putative stockholder class action complaint challenging the tender offer by which HC2 acquired approximately 721,000 of the issued and outstanding common shares of DBMG was filed in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (the "Court"), captioned Mark Jacobs v. Philip A. Falcone, Keith M. Hladek, Paul Voigt, Michael R. Hill, Rustin Roach, D. Ronald Yagoda, Phillip O. Elbert, HC2 Holdings, Inc., and Schuff International, Inc., Civil Action No. 10323 (the “Complaint”). On November 17, 2014, a second lawsuit was filed in the Court, captioned Arlen Diercks v. Schuff International, Inc. Philip A. Falcone, Keith M. Hladek, Paul Voigt, Michael R. Hill, Rustin Roach, D. Ronald Yagoda, Phillip O. Elbert, HC2 Holdings, Inc., Civil Action No. 10359. On February 19, 2015, the Court consolidated the actions (now designated as Schuff International, Inc. Stockholders Litigation) and appointed lead plaintiff and counsel. The initially operative complaint filed by Mark Jacobs alleged, among other things, that in connection with the tender offer, the individual members of the DBMG Board of Directors and HC2, the now-controlling stockholder of DBMG, breached their fiduciary duties to members of the plaintiff class. The Complaint also challenged a potential short-form merger based upon plaintiff’s expectation that the Company would cash out the remaining public stockholders of DBMG following the completion of the tender offer. The Complaint sought rescission of the tender offer and/or compensatory damages, as well as attorney’s fees and other relief. The defendants filed answers to the Complaint on July 30, 2015. On November 15, 2019, the parties filed definitive documentation in support of a proposed settlement of the action. On January 14, 2020, plaintiff filed an amended complaint restating and elaborating on the claims raised in the Complaint (the "Amended Complaint"). The Amended Complaint sought compensatory and rescissory damages, as well as attorney’s fees and other relief.

On February 13, 2020, the Court held a settlement hearing to consider a proposed settlement and certain objections filed by two current DBMG stockholders. The Court expressed concerns about certain terms of the proposed settlement and the parties requested additional time to evaluate potential modifications to the proposed settlement. On May 8, 2020, the parties filed with the Court a revised settlement agreement for all claims relating to the Amended Complaint (the “Revised Settlement Framework”).

The Revised Settlement Framework provided for a settlement payment of $35.95 per share to a fund for the benefit of the former DBMG stockholders who tendered their shares in the 2014 tender offer other than stockholders who were defendants in the action or their immediate family members, officers of DBMG, or directors or officers of HC2 (the “Tendered Stockholders”). In total, the proposed settlement payment to the Tendered Stockholders applied to approximately 568,850 shares and totaled approximately $20.45 million.The Revised Settlement Framework provided that the amount received by the Tendered Stockholders would be reduced by the per share amount of any fee award to lead plaintiff’s counsel. HC2’s D&O insurers agreed to contribute approximately $12.38 million of this approximately $20.45 million settlement payment, and DBMG has agreed to fund the remaining approximately $8.07 million either through cash on hand or borrowing from a third-party lender.

The Revised Settlement Framework also provided that HC2 would fund two types of payments to the owners of the 289,902 902 shares of DBMG common stock not owned by HC2 or its affiliates (the “public DBMG stockholders”). The first payment of $2.51 per share, or approximately $0.7 million total, was intended to offset the indirect burden that the public DBMG stockholders arguably would bear (by virtue of their approximately 7.52% ownership of DBMG) from DBMG’s funding of the approximately $8.07 million portion of the settlement payment to the Tendered Stockholders. The second payment of $1.00 per share, or approximately $0.3 million total, represented consideration for a full release of claims from the public DBMG stockholders related to the action and the implementation of the Revised Settlement Framework. The Revised Settlement Framework provides that HC2 would fund payments of $3.51 per share, or approximately $1.0 million total, to the public DBMG stockholders.

On August 14, 2020, the Court entered a Final Order approving the Revised Settlement Framework, awarding plaintiff’s counsel fees and expenses totaling $5,795,886 out of the funds payable to the Tendered Stockholders, and awarding one of the objector’s counsel fees and expenses totaling $50,000 out of the fee and expense award to plaintiff’s counsel. The settlement of the action became final, and the settlement releases became effective, upon the expiration of the appeal period for the Final Order on September 14, 2020. As of October 12, 2020, the settlement distribution agents had distributed the settlement funds to the eligible former and present record holders of DBMG stock.

Fair Value Investments Litigation

On October 1, 2020, Fair Value Investments Incorporated (“FVI”) filed a putative stockholder class action and derivative complaint in the Delaware Court of Chancery against HC2 and certain of DMBG’s current and former officers and directors, including current and former HC2 officers and directors AJ Stahl, Kenneth S. Courtis, Robert V. Leffler, Jr., Philip A. Falcone, Michael J. Sena, and Paul Voigt (together with HC2, the “HC2 Defendants”) styled Fair Value Investments Incorporated v. Roach, et al., C.A. No. 2020-0847-JTL (Del. Ch.) (the “FVI Action”). In the FVI Action, FVI alleges that HC2, in its capacity as DBMG’s controlling stockholder, and DBMG’s current and former officers and directors breached their fiduciary duties to DBMG and DBMG’s minority stockholders by approving certain transactions that allegedly provide disproportionate benefits to HC2. FVI challenges the following transactions: (i) DBMG’s payments to HC2 from 2016–present pursuant to a Tax Sharing Agreement between DBMG and HC2; (ii) DBMG acting as a guarantor or providing collateral for loans taken on by HC2; (iii) DBMG’s issuance of dividends to its common and preferred stockholders in 2017–2020; (iv) DBMG’s issuance of preferred stock to HC2 to finance DBMG’s 2018 acquisition of GrayWolf Industrial; and (v) HC2’s appointment of directors to DBMG’s board of directors by written consent in lieu of holding an annual stockholder meeting. HC2 believes the allegations in the FVI complaint are without merit, and HC2 intends to vigorously defend this litigation.

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Non-Operating Corporate

Stockholder Litigation

On April 10, 2020, a purported stockholder of the Company filed a class action complaint in the Delaware Court of Chancery captioned Tera v. HC2 Holdings Inc., et al., C.A. No. 2020-0275-JRS (the “Stockholder Litigation”). The complaint alleged that the Company’s consent revocation materials (i) contain misleading disclosures relating to the Certificates of Designation, (ii) fail to disclose that a majority of the Board may approve the nominees set forth by Percy Rockdale LLC and certain of its affiliates (collectively, “Percy Rockdale”), for purposes of the Certificates of Designation such that the Percy Rockdale nominees would be considered “Continuing Directors” (as defined in the Certificates of Designation) and (iii) inaccurately state that electing the Percy Rockdale nominees will cause a Change of Control (as defined in the Certificates of Designation) under the Certificates of Designation because it will lead to a person or group obtaining the power to elect a majority of the members of the Board. The complaint sought (i) a declaration requiring the Board to approve the Percy Rockdale nominees for purposes of the Certificates of Designation, (ii) a declaration that the Board breached its fiduciary duties by issuing misleading disclosures and (iii) an injunction requiring the Board to issue additional disclosures relating to the Change of Control provisions in the Certificates of Designation. On April 19, 2020, the plaintiff amended his complaint to allege that the Supplement to the Consent Revocation Statement, filed with the SEC on April 17, 2020, contained misleading disclosures relating to the Certificates of Designation. The amended complaint sought, among other remedies, (i) a declaration that the Board breached its fiduciary duties by issuing misleading disclosures; (ii) a declaration that, if a Change of Control could be deemed to occur under the Certificates of Designation, that such Change of Control provisions are invalid and unenforceable under Delaware law; (iii) an injunction requiring the defendants to issue corrective disclosures; and (iv) an order enjoining the Board from relying upon consent revocations received to date. On April 20, 2020, the Court of Chancery granted the plaintiff’s motion for expedited proceedings.

On April 15, 2020, the Board (with Mr. Falcone recusing himself as a non-Independent Director) determined to approve the Percy Rockdale nominees, solely and specifically for the purposes of deeming them Continuing Directors pursuant to the Certificates of Designation, to avoid triggering, and to render inapplicable, such prong of the Change of Control definition. On April 17, 2020 and April 21, 2020, each of the holder of the Series A Preferred Stock and the holder of the Series A-2 Preferred Stock, respectively, and, in each case, entitled to give a waiver, agreed that such holder will not seek to exercise its right to require the Company to redeem the shares of such Series A Preferred Stock or Series A-2 Preferred Stock, as applicable, if such redemption right were to arise as a result of the outcome of the Consent Solicitation based on one of the Change of Control prongs of the Certificate of Designation (which prong may require the Company to make an offer to redeem the Preferred Stock if any person or “group” (within the meaning of Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 under the Exchange Act) obtains the power to elect a majority of the members of the Board). Therefore, in light of the foregoing, if the Percy Rockdale nominees became a majority of the Board pursuant to Percy Rockdale’s consent solicitation, the Company would not be required to offer to redeem the shares of the Series A Preferred Stock and the Series A-2 Preferred Stock. On April 23, 2020, the parties agreed that the waiver and additional disclosures, combined with the prior disclosures and approval of Percy Rockdale’s nominees as Continuing Directors, mooted the need for expedition and a preliminary injunction hearing, and the parties informed the court that the plaintiff was withdrawing its request for expedition and a preliminary injunction. On May 14, 2020, the Company announced that it had reached a resolution of Percy Rockdale's consent solicitation.

On May 6, 2020, the plaintiff filed a motion for an order awarding attorneys’ fees and expenses, requesting a $2.5 million fee. On August 12, 2020, the parties informed the court that they had reached a resolution. That same day, the court entered an order closing the case.

OSHA Complaint

On November 4, 2020, the Company received notice that a complaint was filed on August 27, 2020, with the U.S. Department of Labor (OSHA Complaint Number 2-4173-20-156), by a former employee of Continental Insurance Group Ltd. alleging retaliatory employment practices in violation of the whistleblower provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Company has yet to submit a statement of position to the DOL but denies the material allegations in the complaint. The DOL has not issued a determination.

Tax Matters

Currently, the Canada Revenue Agency ("CRA") is auditing a subsidiary previously held by the Company. The Company intends to cooperate in audit matters. To date, CRA has not proposed any specific adjustments and the audit is ongoing.

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17. Share-based Compensation

The Company granted 143,096 options during the three and nine ended September 30, 2020. The weighted average fair value at date of grant for options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $1.47 per option. The fair value of each option grant was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions shown as a weighted average for the year:

Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020
Expected option life 4.27 years
Risk-free interest rate 23.96  %
Expected volatility 62.23  %
Dividend yield —  %

Total share-based compensation expense recognized by HC2 and its subsidiaries under all equity compensation arrangements was $0.8 million and $1.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Total share-based compensation expense recognized by HC2 and its subsidiaries under all equity compensation arrangements was $2.5 million and $4.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

All grants are time based and vest either immediately or over a period established at grant. The Company recognizes compensation expense for equity awards, reduced by actual forfeitures, using the straight-line basis.

Restricted Stock

A summary of HC2’s restricted stock activity is as follows:
Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested - December 31, 2019 2,213,775  $ 5.12 
Granted 1,094,399  $ 2.70 
Vested (2,088,519) $ 4.00 
Forfeited (478,639) $ 5.87 
Unvested - September 30, 2020 741,016  $ 4.24 

At September 30, 2020, the total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested restricted stock was $1.2 million. The unrecognized compensation cost is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted average period of 1.3 years.

Stock Options

A summary of HC2’s stock option activity is as follows:
Shares Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding - December 31, 2019 7,067,592  $ 6.52 
Granted 143,096  $ 2.62 
Exercised —  $ — 
Forfeited (142,503) $ 5.45 
Expired (51,745) $ 5.48 
Outstanding - September 30, 2020 7,016,440  $ 6.47 
Eligible for exercise 6,974,235  $ 6.48 

At September 30, 2020, the intrinsic value and average remaining life of the Company's outstanding options were zero and approximately 2.6 years, and intrinsic value and average remaining life of the Company's exercisable options were zero and approximately 2.6 years.

At September 30, 2020, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested stock options was $0.03 million. The unrecognized compensation cost is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted average period of 0.6 years. There are 42,205
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HC2 HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUE
unvested stock options expected to vest, with a weighted average remaining life of 4.1 years, a weighted average exercise price of $5.27, and an intrinsic value of zero.

18. Equity

Rights Offering

On September 9, 2020, HC2 announced its intention to commence a rights offering (the “Rights Offering”), pursuant to which each holder of its outstanding common stock and participating preferred stock would receive transferable subscription rights entitling such stockholder to purchase shares of HC2’s common stock at a subscription price equal to $2.27 per share based on last sale price for our common stock on the trading day prior to September 9, 2020.

On the same date, HC2 entered into an investment agreement (the "Investment Agreement") with Lancer Capital LLC ("Lancer Capital"), an investment fund led by Avram Glazer, the Chairman of our Board of Directors, pursuant to which Lancer Capital agreed to purchase up to $35.0 million of Series B Preferred Stock (as defined below) in connection with the Rights Offering based on subscription participation of common shareholders (the "Backstop Commitment"). The Investment Agreement provides for an advance of up to $10.0 million of the Backstop Commitment at the option of the Company.

The Investment Agreement provides that, to the extent that Lancer Capital is precluded by applicable rules and regulations (including those of the NYSE, the Texas Department of Insurance and any other applicable regulators) from purchasing common stock by exercising rights received in the Rights Offering, Lancer Capital will purchase additional shares of Series B Preferred Stock (in excess of any Initial Funding amount) equivalent to its allocable participation right. The Investment Agreement also restricts Lancer Capital from purchasing or otherwise acquiring any other rights we issue in the Rights Offering.

Lancer Capital did not receive any compensation or other consideration for entering into or consummating the Investment Agreement. The Backstop Commitment is defined as a financial instrument and measurable at fair value on each reporting period. HC2 used both market observable inputs and unobservable data to derive the fair value as of the reporting date. The Backstop Commitment is classified as Level 3. Fair value for the Backstop Commitment as of September 30, 2020, was zero. The Backstop Commitment will cease upon the consummation of the Rights Offering.

Series A Preferred Stock, Series A-2 Preferred Stock, and Series B Preferred Stock

The Company’s preferred shares authorized, issued and outstanding consisted of the following:
September 30, December 31,
2020 2019
Preferred shares authorized, $0.001 par value
20,000,000  20,000,000 
Series A shares issued and outstanding 6,375  6,375 
Series A-2 shares issued and outstanding 4,000  4,000 
Series B shares issued and outstanding 5,560  — 

Issuance of Series B Shares

On September 9, 2020, HC2 issued a Certificate of Designation for 35,000 Series B Non-Voting participating Convertible Preferred Shares (the "Series B Preferred Stock") of HC2. The certificate of designation authorized the existing 20,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 to apply to this series.

The Series B Preferred Stock is intended to be the economic equivalent of common stock, participating on an as-converted basis in all dividends, distributions, merger consideration and all other consideration receivable by holders of common stock, and a means through which the Backstop Arrangement can be effected prior to the completion of the stockholder vote and the satisfaction of any other regulatory requirements. The issued Series B Prefered Stock was classified as temporary equity as it is not mandatorily redeemable due to the presence of substantive conversion features, and will become mandatorily redeemable on the sixth anniversary of initial issuance if not previously converted.

The Series B Prefered Stock issued was recognized at fair value upon issuance. As the Series B was contingently redeemable, subsequent accretion to redemption value will occur once the contingency is resolved and the redemption becomes probable (i.e., Rights Offering and Stockholder Approval is no longer reasonably possible).

On September 17, 2020 Lancer Capital funded $5.56 million of the Backstop Commitment, and the Company issued Lancer Capital 5,560 shares of Series B Preferred Stock (the "Initial Funding").

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CGI Purchase

On January 11, 2019, CGI purchased 10,000 shares of Series A-2 Preferred Stock, which are convertible into a total of 1,426,534 shares of the Company's common stock, for a total consideration of $8.3 million. The shares and dividends accrued related to the Series A-2 Preferred Stock owned by CGI are eliminated in consolidation. The shares were purchased at a discount of $1.7 million, which was recorded within the Preferred dividends, deemed dividends, and repurchase gains line item of the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as a deemed dividend.

Luxor and Corrib Conversions

On August 2, 2016, the Company entered into separate agreements with each of Corrib Master Fund, Ltd. ("Corrib"), then a holder of 1,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock, and certain investment entities managed by Luxor Capital Group, LP ( "Luxor"), that together then held 9,000 shares of Series A-1 Preferred Stock. In conjunction with the conversions, the Company agreed to provide the following two forms of additional consideration for as long as the Series A Preferred Stock and Series A-2 Preferred Stock remained entitled to receive dividend payments (the "Additional Share Consideration"):

•The Company agreed that in the event that Corrib and Luxor would have been entitled to any Participating Dividends payable, had they not converted the Preferred Stock (as defined in the respective Series A and Series A-1 Certificate of Designation), after the date of their Preferred Share conversion, then the Company will issue to Corrib and Luxor, on the date such Participating Dividends become payable by the Company, in a transaction exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act the number of shares of common stock equal to (a) the value of the Participating Dividends Corrib or Luxor would have received pursuant to Sections (2)(c) and (2)(d) of the respective Series A and Series A-1 Certificate of Designation, divided by (b) the Thirty Day VWAP (as defined in the respective Series A and Series A-1 Certificate of Designation) for the period ending two business days prior to the underlying event or transaction that would have entitled Corrib or Luxor to such Participating Dividend had Corrib’s or Luxor’s Preferred Stock remain unconverted.

•The Company agreed that it will issue to Corrib and Luxor, on each quarterly anniversary commencing May 29, 2017 (or, if later, the date on which the corresponding dividend payment is made to the holders of the outstanding Preferred Stock), through and until the Maturity Date (as defined in the respective Series A and Series A-1 Certificate of Designation), in a transaction exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act the number of shares of common stock equal to (a) 1.875% the Accrued Value (as defined in the respective Series A and Series A-1 Certificate of Designation) of Corrib’s or Luxor’s Preferred Stock as of the Closing Date (as defined in applicable Voluntary Conversion Agreements) divided by (b) the Thirty Day VWAP (as defined in the respective Series A and Series A-1 Certificate of Designation) for the period ending two business days prior to the applicable Dividend Payment Date (as defined in the respective Series A and Series A-1 Certificate of Designation).

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, 209,467 and 23,566 shares of the Company's common stock have been issued to Luxor and Corrib, respectively, in conjunction with the Conversion agreement.

The fair value of the Additional Share Consideration was valued by the Company at $0.6 million on the date of issuance and was recorded within Preferred stock and deemed dividends from conversion line item of the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as a deemed dividend.

Preferred Share Dividends

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, HC2's Board of Directors declared cash dividends with respect to HC2’s issued and outstanding Preferred Stock, excluding Preferred Stock owned by CGI which is eliminated in consolidation, as presented in the following table (in millions):

2020
Declaration Date March 31, 2020 June 30, 2020 September 30, 2020
Holders of Record Date March 31, 2020 June 30, 2020 September 30, 2020
Payment Date April 15, 2020 July 15, 2020 October 15, 2020
Total Dividend $ 0.2  $ 0.2  $ 0.2 

2019
Declaration Date March 31, 2019 June 30, 2019 September 30, 2019
Holders of Record Date March 31, 2019 June 30, 2019 September 30, 2019
Payment Date April 15, 2019 July 15, 2019 October 15, 2019
Total Dividend $ 0.2  $ 0.2  $ 0.2 

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19. Related Parties

HC2

Series B Preferred Stock

As detailed in Note 18. Equity, HC2 entered into the Investment Agreement with Lancer Capital, an investment fund led by Avram Glazer, the Chairman of our Board of Directors, pursuant to which Lancer Capital agreed to the Backstop Commitment to purchase up to $35.0 million of Series B Preferred Stock in connection with the Rights Offering, based on subscription participation of common shareholders, of which $10.0 million may be funded in advance.

On September 17, 2020, Lancer Capital funded $5.56 million, receiving 5,560 shares of Series B Preferred stock. Please see Note 18. Equity for further details.

HCP Services Agreement

In January 2015, the Company entered into a services agreement (the "Services Agreement") with Harbinger Capital Partners ("HCP"), which was a related party of the Company, with respect to the provision of services that may include providing office space and operational support and each party making available their respective employees to provide services as reasonably requested by the other party, subject to any limitations contained in applicable employment agreements and the terms of the Services Agreement. The Company recognized expenses of $0.2 million and $0.6 million, and income of $0.0 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The Company recognized expenses of $1.7 million and $2.5 million and income of $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Three Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019
Corporate
Other (1)
Total Corporate
Other (1)
Total
Allocated to HC2 by HCP
Office space $ 0.2  $ —  $ 0.2  $ 0.4  $ 0.2  $ 0.6 
Administrative salaries and benefits —  —  —  —  —  — 
Other shared overhead —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total Expenses 0.2  —  0.2  0.4  0.2  0.6 
Charged back to HCP by HC2
Administrative salaries and benefits —  —  —  —  —  — 
Other shared overhead —  —  —  0.1  —  0.1 
Total Income —  —  —  0.1  —  0.1 
Net related party activity $ 0.2  $ —  $ 0.2  $ 0.3  $ 0.2  $ 0.5 

Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019
Corporate
Other (1)
Total Corporate
Other (1)
Total
Allocated to HC2 by HCP
Office space $ 1.2  $ 0.5  $ 1.7  $ 1.6  $ 0.8  $ 2.4 
Administrative salaries and benefits —  —  —  0.1  —  0.1 
Other shared overhead —  —  —  —  —  — 
Total Expenses 1.2  0.5  1.7  1.7  0.8  2.5 
Charged back to HCP by HC2
Administrative salaries and benefits —  —  —  —  —  — 
Other shared overhead 0.1  —  0.1  0.2  —  0.2 
Total Income 0.1  —  0.1  0.2  —  0.2 
Net related party activity $ 1.1  $ 0.5  $ 1.6  $ 1.5  $ 0.8  $ 2.3 

(1) Other in the above table represent certain entities within our Spectrum, Life Sciences and Insurance segments.

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HC2 HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUE
With the announcement of the departure of Phillip Falcone, the former CEO and Chairman of the Company, on June 11, 2020, HCP is no longer considered a related party. On August 2, 2020, the Company issued a notice of termination, effectively ending the Services Agreement with HCP, a former related party.

Other

GMH's subsidiary, GMSL, prior to its sale in February 2020, had transactions with several of its equity method investees. A summary of transactions with such equity method investees and balances outstanding are as follows (in millions). Such activity is reclassified to discontinued operations as a result of the sale of GMSL. See note 3. Discontinued Operations for further information:

Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019
Net revenue $ —  $ 2.6  $ 0.7  $ 5.6 
Operating expenses $ —  $ 0.1  $ —  $ 0.8 
Interest expense $ —  $ 0.3  $ 0.1  $ 0.8 
Dividend $ —  $ 1.9  $ —  $ 3.0 

September 30, December 31,
2020 2019
Accounts receivable $ —  $ 1.2 
Debt obligations $ —  $ 22.5 
Accounts payable $ —  $ 0.1 
Dividends $ —  $ 4.5 
 
Life Sciences

Pansend has an investment in Triple Ring Technologies, Inc. ("Triple Ring"). Various subsidiaries of HC2 utilize the services of Triple Ring, incurring zero and $0.5 million in services for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, and $1.0 million and $1.3 million in services for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUE
20. Operating Segment and Related Information

The Company currently has one primary reportable geographic segment - United States. The Company has seven reportable operating segments based on management’s organization of the enterprise - Infrastructure, Clean Energy, Telecommunications, Insurance, Life Sciences, Spectrum, Other, and a Non-operating Corporate segment. All inter-segment revenues are eliminated.

While the names of certain segments have changed as detailed in Note 1. Organization and Business, other than noted below, the Company's organizational structure has not changed during the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

As a result of the sale of GMSL, and in accordance with ASC 280, the Company no longer considers the Results of Operations and Balance Sheets of GMH and its subsidiaries as a separate segment. Formerly the Marine Services segment, these entities and the investment in HMN have been reclassified to the Other segment. In addition, GMSL is a discontinued operation all operating results of GMSL have been reclassified to Discontinued operations. This has been reflected in the tables below for both the current and historical periods presented.

The Company's revenue concentrations of 10% and greater are as follows:

Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
  Segment 2020 2019 2020 2019
Customer A Telecommunications * * * 10.7%
* Less than 10% revenue concentration

Summary information with respect to the Company’s operating segments is as follows (in millions):
  Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
  2020 2019 2020 2019
Net revenue
Infrastructure $ 160.8  $ 168.4  $ 509.6  $ 556.2 
Clean Energy 10.3  8.7  31.0  19.3 
Telecommunications 136.4  162.2  430.1  507.0 
Insurance 78.9  80.4  223.2  251.3 
Spectrum 9.7  10.0  29.3  29.8 
Eliminations (*)
(2.8) (2.2) (8.1) (7.9)
Total net revenue $ 393.3  $ 427.5  $ 1,215.1  $ 1,355.7 
(*) The Insurance segment revenues are inclusive of realized and unrealized gains and net investment income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, inclusive of transactions between entities under common control, which are eliminated or are reclassified in consolidation.

  Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
  2020 2019 2020 2019
Income (loss) from operations
Infrastructure $ 6.0  $ 12.4  $ 13.1  $ 34.3 
Clean Energy 1.5  0.4  5.4  (0.3)
Telecommunications 0.3  (0.4) 0.6  0.4 
Insurance 15.1  10.6  16.7  75.9 
Life Sciences (4.7) (3.0) (11.4) (6.6)
Spectrum (11.7) (3.8) (15.8) (8.8)
Other (0.5) 0.1  (2.1) — 
Non-operating Corporate (5.3) (6.6) (22.4) (20.3)
Eliminations (*)
(2.8) (2.2) (8.1) (7.9)
Total income (loss) from operations $ (2.1) $ 7.5  $ (24.0) $ 66.7 
(*) The Insurance segment revenues are inclusive of realized and unrealized gains and net investment income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, inclusive of transactions between entities under common control, which are eliminated or are reclassified in consolidation.

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HC2 HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUE
A reconciliation of the Company's consolidated segment operating income to consolidated earnings before income taxes is as follows (in millions):
  Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
  2020 2019 2020 2019
(Loss) income from operations $ (2.1) $ 7.5  $ (24.0) $ 66.7 
Interest expense (19.7) (20.1) (62.4) (58.0)
Loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt (4.2) —  (13.4) — 
Loss from equity investees (1.3) (1.3) (4.0) — 
Gain on bargain purchase —  —  —  1.1 
Other income (loss) 7.3  6.1  74.1  4.7 
(Loss) income from continuing operations (20.0) (7.8) (29.7) 14.5 
Income tax expense (1.6) (1.1) (4.4) (6.2)
(Loss) income from continuing operations (21.6) (8.9) (34.1) 8.3 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations (including loss on disposal of $39.3 million)
—  0.6  (60.0) (13.7)
Net loss (21.6) (8.3) (94.1) (5.4)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest and redeemable noncontrolling interest 4.3  1.2  6.8  4.9 
Net loss attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc. (17.3) (7.1) (87.3) (0.5)
Less: Preferred dividends, deemed dividends and repurchase gains 0.4  0.4  1.2  (0.4)
Net loss attributable to common stock and participating preferred stockholders $ (17.7) $ (7.5) $ (88.5) $ (0.1)

  Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
  2020 2019 2020 2019
Depreciation and Amortization
Infrastructure $ 2.7  $ 3.9  $ 8.0  $ 11.8 
Clean Energy 2.2  2.0  6.3  4.9 
Telecommunications 0.1  0.1  0.3  0.3 
Insurance (*)
(4.4) (5.7) (15.8) (18.2)
Life Sciences —  —  0.1  0.1 
Spectrum 1.7  1.8  5.1  4.7 
Other —  —  —  — 
Non-operating Corporate 0.1  0.1  0.1  0.1 
Total $ 2.4  $ 2.2  $ 4.1  $ 3.7 
(*) Balance includes amortization of negative VOBA, which increases net income.
  Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
  2020 2019 2020 2019
Capital Expenditures (*)
Infrastructure $ 1.4  $ 1.4  $ 4.8  $ 6.8 
Clean Energy 0.4  0.1  2.0  0.4 
Insurance —  0.4  0.1  0.6 
Life Sciences —  0.1  0.1  0.1 
Spectrum 3.2  3.5  9.6  8.6 
Other —  —  0.1  — 
Total $ 5.0  $ 5.5  $ 16.7  $ 16.5 
(*) The above capital expenditures exclude assets acquired under terms of capital lease and vendor financing obligations.

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HC2 HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUE
September 30, December 31,
  2020 2019
Investments
Infrastructure $ 0.9  $ 0.9 
Insurance 4,616.0  4,423.0 
Life Sciences 20.8  22.0 
Other 30.0  43.1 
Eliminations (98.3) (96.9)
Total $ 4,569.4  $ 4,392.1 

September 30, December 31,
  2020 2019
Total Assets
Infrastructure $ 506.4  $ 530.4 
Clean Energy 130.5  142.8 
Telecommunications 75.5  89.3 
Insurance 5,752.7  5,611.9 
Life Sciences 27.1  28.4 
Spectrum 248.1  257.9 
Other 32.8  366.3 
Non-operating Corporate 12.4  27.2 
Eliminations (97.1) (95.9)
Total $ 6,688.4  $ 6,958.3 


21. Basic and Diluted (Loss) Income Per Common Share

Earnings per share ("EPS") is calculated using the two-class method, which allocates earnings among common stock and participating securities to calculate EPS when an entity's capital structure includes either two or more classes of common stock or common stock and participating securities. Unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities. As such, shares of any unvested restricted stock of the Company are considered participating securities. The dilutive effect of options and their equivalents (including non-vested stock issued under stock-based compensation plans), is computed using the "treasury" method as this measurement was determined to be more dilutive between the two available methods in each period.

The following potential weighted common shares were excluded from diluted EPS for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 due to the antidilutive impact to diluted EPS: 2,168,454 for outstanding warrants to purchase the Company's stock, 2,088,568 for Series A Peferred Stock and Series A-2 Prefered Stock. The Company had zero dilutive common share equivalents during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, and three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 due to the results being a loss from continuing operations and discontinued operations, net of tax.

The Company had no dilutive common shares equivalents during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 due to the results of operations being a loss from continuing operations.

The following table presents a reconciliation of net (loss) income used in basic and diluted EPS calculations (in millions, except per share amounts):

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Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
  2020 2019 2020 2019
(Loss) income from continuing operations $ (21.6) $ (8.9) $ (34.1) $ 8.3 
Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest and redeemable noncontrolling interest 4.3  1.6  (8.5) 3.8 
(Loss) income from continuing operations attributable to the Company (17.3) (7.3) (42.6) 12.1 
Less: Preferred dividends, deemed dividends and repurchase gains 0.4  0.4  1.2  (0.4)
(Loss) income from continuing operations attributable to HC2 common stockholders (17.7) (7.7) (43.8) 12.5 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations (including loss on disposal of $39.3 million)
—  0.6  (60.0) (13.7)
(Loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interest and redeemable noncontrolling interest —  (0.4) 15.3  1.1 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax and noncontrolling interest —  0.2  (44.7) (12.6)
Net (loss) income attributable to common stock and participating preferred stockholders $ (17.7) $ (7.5) $ (88.5) $ (0.1)
Earnings allocable to common shares:
Participating shares at end of period:
Weighted-average common stock outstanding 46.9  45.7  46.7  45.4 
Unvested restricted stock —  —  —  — 
Preferred stock (as-converted basis) 0.3  —  0.1  — 
Total 47.2  45.7  46.8  45.4 
Percentage of income (loss) allocated to:
Common stock 99.4  % 100.0  % 99.8  % 100.0  %
Unvested restricted stock —  % —  % —  % —  %
Preferred stock 0.6  % —  % 0.2  % —  %
Numerator for earnings per share, basic:
Net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to common stock, basic $ (17.6) $ (7.7) $ (43.7) $ 12.5 
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations attributable to common stock, basic and diluted $ —  $ 0.2  $ (44.7) $ (12.6)
Net income (loss) attributable to common stock and participating preferred stockholders, basic and diluted $ (17.6) $ (7.5) $ (88.3) $ (0.1)
Earnings allocable to common shares, diluted:
Numerator for earnings per share, diluted
Effect of assumed shares for stock options, restricted shares and convertible instruments $ —  $ —  $ —  $ 1.6 
Net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to common stock, diluted $ (17.6) $ (7.7) $ (43.7) $ 14.1 
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations attributable to common stock, diluted $ —  $ 0.2  $ (44.7) $ (12.6)
Net income (loss) attributable to common stock and participating preferred stockholders, diluted $ (17.6) $ (7.5) $ (88.3) $ 1.5 
Denominator for basic and dilutive earnings per share:
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic 46.9  45.7  46.7  45.4 
Effect of assumed shares under treasury stock method for stock options and restricted shares and if-converted method for convertible instruments —  —  —  14.7 
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted 46.9  45.7  46.7  60.1 
(Loss) income per share - continuing operations
Basic: $ (0.38) $ (0.16) $ (0.94) $ 0.28 
Diluted: $ (0.38) $ (0.16) $ (0.94) $ 0.23 
Loss per share - Discontinued operations
Basic: $ —  $ —  $ (0.95) $ (0.28)
Diluted: $ —  $ —  $ (0.95) $ (0.21)
(Loss) income per share - Net (loss) income attributable to participating security holders
Basic: $ (0.38) $ (0.16) $ (1.89) $ — 
Diluted: $ (0.38) $ (0.16) $ (1.89) $ 0.02 

44
HC2 HOLDINGS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUE
22. Subsequent Events

On October 2, 2020 a subsidiary of the Company entered into a stock purchase agreement with TransWorld Holdings Inc, formerly GoIP Global Inc, to sell 100% of ICS and its subsidiary. As of September 30, 2020, the ICS entity did not meet the criteria for held-for-sale under ASC 360, as approval from the Board of Directors was sought by management, and obtained subsequent to September 30, 2020. The transaction closed on October 31, 2020.

On October 7, 2020, the Company publicly filed a prospectus supplement to the prospectus dated September 9, 2020 in connection with the Rights Offering, detailing the rights for voting shareholders to purchase up to 28,634,361 shares of common stock.
45

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with the information in our annual audited Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, filed with the SEC on March 16, 2020, each of which are contained in Item 8 entitled "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data," and other financial information included herein. Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysis includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. You should review the "Risk Factors" section in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, filed with the SEC on March 16, 2020 and on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 7, 2020, as well as the section below entitled "Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" for a discussion of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the following discussion and analysis.

Unless the context otherwise requires, in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, "HC2" means HC2 Holdings, Inc. and the "Company," "we" and "our" mean HC2 together with its consolidated subsidiaries. "U.S. GAAP" means accounting principles accepted in the United States of America.

Our Business

We are a diversified holding company with principal operations conducted through seven operating platforms or reportable segments: Infrastructure ("DBMG"), Clean Energy ("Beyond6"), Telecommunications ("ICS"), Insurance ("CIG"), Life Sciences ("Pansend"), Spectrum, and Other, which includes businesses that do not meet the separately reportable segment thresholds.

Certain previous year amounts have been reclassified to conform with current year presentations, including:

•The recasting of GMSL's results to discontinued operations. Further, the reclassification of prior period assets and liabilities have been classified as held for sale;

•As a result of the sale of GMSL, and in accordance with ASC 280, the Company no longer considers the results of operations and Balance Sheets of GMH and its subsidiaries as a separate segment. Formerly the Marine Services segment, these entities and the investment in HMN have been reclassified to the Other segment.

•The recasting of Earnings per share in the prior period, as a result of the discontinued operations noted above. This includes presenting EPS for Net (loss) income from continuing operations, Net (loss) income from discontinuing operations, and Net (loss) income.

We continually evaluate acquisition opportunities, as well as monitor a variety of key indicators of our underlying platform companies in order to maximize stakeholder value. These indicators include, but are not limited to, revenue, cost of revenue, operating profit, Adjusted EBITDA and free cash flow. Furthermore, we work very closely with our subsidiary platform executive management teams on their operations and assist them in the evaluation and diligence of asset acquisitions, dispositions and any financing or operational needs at the subsidiary level. We believe that this close relationship allows us to capture synergies within the organization across all platforms and strategically position the Company for ongoing growth and value creation.

The potential for additional acquisitions and new business opportunities, while strategic, may result in acquiring assets unrelated to our current or historical operations. As part of any acquisition strategy, we may raise capital in the form of debt and/or equity securities (including preferred stock) or a combination thereof. We have broad discretion and experience in identifying and selecting acquisition and business combination opportunities and the industries in which we seek such opportunities. Many times, we face significant competition for these opportunities, including from numerous companies with a business plan similar to ours. As such, there can be no assurance that any of the past or future discussions we have had or may have with candidates will result in a definitive agreement and, if they do, what the terms or timing of any potential agreement would be. As part of our acquisition strategy, we may utilize a portion of our available cash to acquire interests in possible acquisition targets. Any securities acquired are marked to market and may increase short-term earnings volatility as a result.

Our Operations

Refer to Note 1. Organization and Business to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

46

Seasonality and Cyclical Patterns
 
Our segments' operations can be highly cyclical and subject to seasonal patterns. Our volume of business in our Infrastructure segment may be adversely affected by declines or delays in projects, which may vary by geographic region. Project schedules, particularly in connection with large, complex, and longer-term projects can also create fluctuations in the services provided, which may adversely affect us in a given period.

For example, in connection with larger, more complicated projects, the timing of obtaining permits and other approvals may be delayed, and we may need to maintain a portion of our workforce and equipment in an underutilized capacity to ensure we are strategically positioned to deliver on such projects when they move forward.

Examples of other items that may cause our results or demand for our services to fluctuate materially from quarter to quarter include: weather or project site conditions, financial condition of our customers and their access to capital; margins of projects performed during any particular period; economic, and political and market conditions on a regional, national or global scale.

Accordingly, our operating results in any particular period may not be indicative of the results that can be expected for any other period.

Recent Developments

COVID-19 Impact on our Business

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of the novel coronavirus ("COVID-19") a pandemic resulting in action from federal, state and local governments that has significantly affected virtually all facets of the U.S. and global economies. The U.S. federal and various state governments, have implemented enhanced screenings, quarantine requirements, and travel restrictions in connection with the COVID-19 outbreak.

The Company’s top priority is to protect its employees and their families, and those of the Company’s customers. The Company continues to take precautionary measures as directed by health authorities and the local government, including changing operational procedures as necessary, providing additional protective gear and cleaning to protect them, which has resulted and may continue to result in disruptions to and increased costs of the Company’s operations. We may take further actions as may be required by government authorities or that we determine are in the best interests of our employees, customers, partners, vendors, and suppliers. Work-from-home and other measures introduce additional operational risks, including cybersecurity risks, and have affected the way we conduct our operations. There is no certainty that such measures will be sufficient to mitigate the risks posed by the virus, and illness and workforce disruptions could lead to unavailability of key personnel and harm our ability to perform critical functions.

The extent of the impact of COVID-19 on our operational and financial performance will depend on future developments, including, but not limited to, the duration and spread of the outbreak and related travel advisories and restrictions, and its impact to the U.S. and global financial markets, all of which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted. Preventing the effects from and responding to this market disruption if any other public health threat, related or otherwise, may further increase costs of our business and may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We continue to monitor the rapidly evolving situation and guidance from authorities, including federal, state and local public health departments, and may take additional actions based on their recommendations. In these circumstances, there may be developments outside our control requiring us to adjust our plans. As such, given the dynamic nature of this situation, we cannot reasonably estimate the impact of COVID-19 on our results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows in the future. However, we do expect that it could have a material adverse impact on our future revenue growth as well as our overall profitability and may lead to revised payment terms with certain of our customers.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the effects of COVID-19 and the related actions undertaken in the U.S. to attempt to control its spread, specifically impact certain of our segments as follows:
47


Infrastructure

DBMG is dependent on its workforce to carry out its services. Developments resulting from governmental responses to COVID-19 such as social distancing and shelter-in-place directives have impacted, and will continue to impact, DBMG’s ability to deploy its workforce in its facilities and project sites efficiently. The nature of DBMG’s business does not permit alternative workforce arrangements in its facilities and project sites such as remote work schemes to be implemented effectively, and as a result of potential workforce disruptions, DBMG may experience delays or suspensions of projects. DBMG has incurred significant costs related to additional procedures to maintain COVID-19 related safety measures. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, $6.4 million and $15.2 million of COVID-19 related expenses were incurred. DBMG may also experience disruptions in the supply chain depending on the spread of COVID-19 and related governmental orders. These delays, suspensions, and impacts to supply chain may negatively impact DBMG’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition. This could cause the timing of revenue to be delayed and possibly impact earnings and backlog. Persistent delays, suspensions or cancellations of projects under contract may occur while governments implement policies designed to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. Any such continued loss or suspension of projects under contract may negatively impact the DBMG’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.

Insurance

Our Insurance segment has been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, including multiple reductions in target interest rates by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, and significant market volatility, driving actual and projected results of our business operations as well as our views on potential effectiveness of certain prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. The Company’s September 30, 2020 results reflected in earnings are primarily impacted by the Insurance segment's net unrealized losses on investments of $12.3 million, included in the Net realized and unrealized gains (loss) on investments line, primarily driven by preferred stock mark to market adjustments. The impact on other comprehensive income was $91.2 million of unrealized gain on fixed maturity securities, a significant improvement as compared to March 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020 results, which reflected $355.5 million of unrealized loss and $9.2 million of unrealized gain, respectively, on fixed maturity securities. Both of these were largely attributable to market factors caused by the COVID-19 crisis for each of the three month
periods ended March 31, 2020, June 30, 2020, and September 30, 2020 respectively. Additional future recovery of losses will largely depend upon market reaction to additional COVID-19 stimulus packages, interest rates and timing and manner in which the economy is reopened. The unrealized losses are considered temporary in nature, as we have the ability to hold these securities to maturity.

Spectrum

As a result of COVID-19, our Spectrum segment has experienced adverse effects on its advertising business because of weakness in the advertising market as advertisers seek to reduce their own costs in response to the pandemic’s impact on their businesses. We are not able to predict when or whether advertising budgets and the advertising market generally will return or be comparable to historical levels.

In addition, COVID-19 could impact our Spectrum segment’s business, financial condition and results of operations in a number of other ways, including, but not limited to:

•negative impact on our broadcast station revenue, as many of our customers also rely on advertising revenues and might be negatively affected by COVID-19;
•slow-down of our ability to build out additional broadcast television stations, as illness, social distancing, and other pandemic-related precautions may result in equipment delivery delays and labor shortages, including the availability of tower crews, an already limited, highly-specialized work force necessary to install broadcast equipment;
•negative impact on our network distribution revenues, as consumers may seek to reduce discretionary spending by cutting back or foregoing subscriptions to cable television or other multichannel video programming distributors;
•negative impact on our financial condition or our ability to fund operations or future investment opportunities due to an increase in the cost or difficulty in obtaining debt or equity financing, or refinancing our debt in the future, or our ability to comply with our covenants;
•impairments of our programming inventory, goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets, and other long-lived assets; and
•increased cyber and payment fraud risk, as cybercriminals attempt to profit from the disruption, given increased online activity.

The magnitude of the impact on our Spectrum segment will depend on numerous evolving factors that we may not be able to accurately predict, including the duration and extent of the pandemic, the impact of federal, state, local and foreign governmental actions, consumer behavior in response to the pandemic and such governmental actions, and the economic and operating conditions that we may face in the aftermath of COVID-19. Even after COVID-19 has subsided, we may experience materially adverse impacts to our business as a result of its global economic impact, including any recession that has occurred or may occur in the future.

For further discussion regarding the potential future impacts of COVID-19 and related economic conditions on the Company's liquidity and capital resources, see "Part II-Item 1A-Risk Factors."




Debt Obligations

Clean Energy

In August 2020, Clean Energy entered into a new credit facility with M&T bank. Proceeds from the loan and cash on hand were used to repay the existing credit facilities with M&T and Pioneer as well as redeem its outstanding $14.0 million mandatorily redeemable preferred stock, included within Other liabilities on the Balance Sheets. The new credit facility is comprised of a $57.0 million term loan facility, a $2.5 million revolving line of credit and an $8.0 million delayed draw term loan ear-marked for new station builds, as well as a $10.0 million accordion feature.

Clean Energy recognized $2.4 million and $1.8 million in extinguishment losses related to the pay down of the existing credit facilities with M&T and the redemption of its mandatorily redeemable preferred stock, respectively, which is included in Loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

Spectrum

In February 2020, Spectrum amended its agreement governing its privately placed note funded by MSD Partners, L.P., increasing the principal balance to $39.3 million. The proceeds were used to repay principal and interest on existing debt.

In August 2020, Spectrum modified its agreement with MSD Partners, L.P. and Great American Life Insurance Company to extend the maturity on its privately placed notes to October 2021.

In September 2020, Spectrum amended its agreement governing its privately placed note funded by MSD Partners, L.P., increasing the principal balance by $4.0 million to $43.3 million. The proceeds were used to repay principal and interest on existing debt and for general business purposes.

Non-Operating Corporate

In March 2020, with the cash proceeds from the sale of GMSL, HC2 fully repaid its $15.0 million secured revolving line of credit with MSD PCOF Partners IX, LLC (the "2019 Revolving Credit Agreement"). HC2 recognized $0.4 million in extinguishment loss related to the repayment of the 2019 Revolving Credit Agreement, which is included in Loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

In March 2020, HC2 entered into a new $15.0 million secured revolving credit agreement (the “2020 Revolving Credit Agreement”). The 2020 Revolving Credit Agreement matures in September 2021. Loans under the 2020 Revolving Credit Agreement bear interest at a per annum rate equal to, at HC2's option, one, two or three month LIBOR plus a margin of 6.75%. In April 2020 and May 2020, HC2 drew $10.0 million and $5.0 million of the 2020 Revolving Credit Agreement, respectively. The Company used the proceeds for general corporate purposes.

In March 2020, with the cash proceeds from the sale of GMSL, HC2 redeemed $76.9 million of its 11.50% senior secured notes due 2021 (the "Senior Secured Notes") at a price equal to 104.5% of the principal amount plus accrued interest through the redemption date. HC2 recognized $5.4 million in extinguishment loss related to the redemption of its Senior Secured Notes, which is included in Loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

In June 2020, with the cash proceeds from the partial sale of New Saxon's interest in HMN, HC2 redeemed $50.6 million of its Senior Secured Notes at a price equal to 104.5% of the principal amount plus accrued interest through the redemption date. HC2 recognized $3.4 million in extinguishment loss related to the this redemption, which is included in Loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

Separation from Philip A. Falcone

The Company has engaged in ongoing negotiations with Mr. Falcone, the former CEO and Chairman of the Company, regarding his separation. Mr. Falcone rejected the Company’s most recent severance offer. In addition, Mr. Falcone made two books and records demands of the Company in his capacity as a director, which the Company, among other reasons, has denied in light of the fact that Mr. Falcone is no longer a director of the Company.

Sale of ICS

On October 2, 2020, a subsidiary of the Company entered into a stock purchase agreement with TransWorld Holdings Inc, formerly GoIP Global Inc, to sell 100% of ICS and its subsidiary. The disposition closed on October 31, 2020.


Pansend

In April 2020, R2 received $10 million in funding from Huadong Medicine Company Limited as part of Huadong's $30 million Series B equity investment in R2. These funds will be used to commercialize R2's revolutionary CryoAesthetic technology which promises physicians a new way to lighten, brighten and rejuvenate skin. This investment represents the second tranche of Huadong's investment at an approximate post-money valuation of $90 million and reduces Pansend's ownership by 7.8% to 56.1%.

Financial Presentation

In the below section within this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, we compare, pursuant to U.S. GAAP and SEC disclosure rules, the Company’s results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 as compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019.



Results of Operations

The following table summarizes our results of operations and a comparison of the change between the periods (in millions):

  Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
  2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease) 2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease)
Net revenue
Infrastructure $ 160.8  $ 168.4  $ (7.6) $ 509.6  $ 556.2  $ (46.6)
Clean Energy 10.3  8.7  1.6  31.0  19.3  11.7 
Telecommunications 136.4  162.2  (25.8) 430.1  507.0  (76.9)
Insurance 78.9  80.4  (1.5) 223.2  251.3  (28.1)
Spectrum 9.7  10.0  (0.3) 29.3  29.8  (0.5)
Eliminations (1)
(2.8) (2.2) (0.6) (8.1) (7.9) (0.2)
Total net revenue 393.3  427.5  (34.2) 1,215.1  1,355.7  (140.6)
Income (loss) from operations
Infrastructure 6.0  12.4  (6.4) 13.1  34.3  (21.2)
Clean Energy 1.5  0.4  1.1  5.4  (0.3) 5.7 
Telecommunications 0.3  (0.4) 0.7  0.6  0.4  0.2 
Insurance 15.1  10.6  4.5  16.7  75.9  (59.2)
Life Sciences (4.7) (3.0) (1.7) (11.4) (6.6) (4.8)
Spectrum (11.7) (3.8) (7.9) (15.8) (8.8) (7.0)
Other (0.5) 0.1  (0.6) (2.1) —  (2.1)
Non-operating Corporate (5.3) (6.6) 1.3  (22.4) (20.3) (2.1)
Eliminations (1)
(2.8) (2.2) (0.6) (8.1) (7.9) (0.2)
Total income (loss) from operations (2.1) 7.5  (9.6) (24.0) 66.7  (90.7)
Interest expense (19.7) (20.1) 0.4  (62.4) (58.0) (4.4)
Loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt (4.2) —  (4.2) (13.4) —  (13.4)
Loss from equity investees (1.3) (1.3) —  (4.0) —  (4.0)
Gain on bargain purchase —  —  —  —  1.1  (1.1)
Other income (loss) 7.3  6.1  1.2  74.1  4.7  69.4 
(Loss) income from continuing operations (20.0) (7.8) (12.2) (29.7) 14.5  (44.2)
Income tax expense (1.6) (1.1) (0.5) (4.4) (6.2) 1.8 
(Loss) income from continuing operations (21.6) (8.9) (12.7) (34.1) 8.3  (42.4)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations (including loss on disposal of $39.3 million) —  0.6  (0.6) (60.0) (13.7) (46.3)
Net loss (21.6) (8.3) (13.3) (94.1) (5.4) (88.7)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest and redeemable noncontrolling interest 4.3  1.2  3.1  6.8  4.9  1.9 
Net loss attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc. (17.3) (7.1) (10.2) (87.3) (0.5) (86.8)
Less: Preferred dividends, deemed dividends, and repurchase gains 0.4  0.4  —  1.2  (0.4) 1.6 
Net loss attributable to common stock and participating preferred stockholders $ (17.7) $ (7.5) $ (10.2) $ (88.5) $ (0.1) $ (88.4)
(1) The Insurance segment results are inclusive of realized and unrealized gains and net investment income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, inclusive of transactions between entities under common control, which are eliminated or are reclassified in consolidation.

Net revenue: Net revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $34.2 million to $393.3 million from $427.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease in revenue was driven by our Telecommunications segment, which can be attributed to changes in customer mix and fluctuations in wholesale traffic volumes, and our Infrastructure segment, primarily driven by a decline in power and industrial repair and maintenance work performed.

Net revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $140.6 million to $1,215.1 million from $1,355.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease in revenue was driven by our Telecommunications segment, which can be attributed to changes in customer mix and fluctuations in wholesale traffic volumes, our Infrastructure segment, primarily driven by lower revenues from our structural steel fabrication and erection business, and our Insurance segment, net of eliminations, largely driven by lower net investment income and unfavorable market movements in values for preferred stock holdings and fixed maturity impairments. These were partially offset by increases at our Clean Energy segment due to the acquisition of the ampCNG stations and the Alternative Fuels Tax Credit ("AFTC") revenue related to CNG sales recognized in the current period.



(Loss) income from operations: Income from operations for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $9.6 million to a loss of $2.1 million from income of $7.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease in income from operations was driven by our Spectrum segment, due to the impairment of licenses in the current period and our Infrastructure segment, driven by declines in power and industrial repair and maintenance work performed and decreased revenues from our structural steel fabrication and erection business. The decrease was partially offset by an increase in our Insurance segment, due to favorable claims activity recognized in the current period.

(Loss) income from operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $90.7 million to a loss of $24.0 million from income of $66.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease was primarily driven by our Insurance segment due to an increase in policy benefits, changes in reserves, and commissions due to non-recurring favorable claims activity recognized in the comparable period along with unfavorable claims activity and reserves development in the first half of 2020. In addition there was a decline in revenues, due to unrealized losses from unfavorable market movements in preferred stock holdings. The decrease is also attributable to our Infrastructure segment due to lower revenues from our structural steel fabrication and erection business.

Interest expense: Interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $0.4 million to $19.7 million from $20.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease was attributable to a decrease in the aggregate principal amount of debt at our Corporate segment, partially offset by an increase in the aggregate principal amount of debt at our Spectrum segment.

Interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased $4.4 million to $62.4 million from $58.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was attributable to an increase in the aggregate principal amount of debt at our Spectrum and Clean Energy segments.

Loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt: Loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt for the three months ended September 30, 2020 was $4.2 million. This was driven by the write-off of deferred financing costs and original issuance discount related to the repayment of existing credit facilities and redemption of the mandatorily redeemable preferred stock at our Clean Energy segment.

Loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $13.4 million. This was driven by the write-off of deferred financing costs and original issuance discount related to the $15.0 million pay down of the 2019 Revolving Credit Agreement and the $76.9 million redemption of the Senior Secured Notes at a 4.5% premium in the first quarter of 2020 and the $50.6 million redemption of the Senior Secured Notes at a 4.5% premium in the second quarter of 2020. This was also driven by the write-off of deferred financing costs and original issuance discount related to the pay down of the existing credit facilities and redemption of the mandatorily redeemable preferred stock at our Clean Energy segment.

Loss from equity investees: Loss from equity investees for the three months ended September 30, 2020 remained unchanged from the three months ended September 30, 2019 at a loss of $1.3 million. Loss from equity investees for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $4.0 million to a loss of $4.0 million from zero for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease was driven by a decrease in income for the HMN investment, which is generally attributable to the timing of turnkey project work.

Other income (loss): Other income (loss) for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased $1.2 million to a gain of $7.3 million from a gain of $6.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Other income (loss) for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased $69.4 million to a gain of $74.1 million from a gain of $4.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The increases were primarily driven by the gain recognized on the First HMN Sale, which closed during the second quarter of 2020.

Income tax expense: Income tax expense was an expense of $1.6 million and $1.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The income tax expense recorded for the three months ended September 30, 2020 relates to the projected expense as calculated under ASC 740 for taxpaying entities, primarily the Insurance segment, which is no longer in a valuation allowance. Additionally, the tax benefits associated with losses generated by the HC2 Holdings, Inc. U.S. consolidated income tax return and certain other businesses have been reduced by a full valuation allowance as we do not believe it is more-likely-than-not that the losses will be utilized prior to expiration. The income tax expense recorded for the three months ended September 30, 2019 relates to the projected expense as calculated under ASC 740 for taxpaying entities offset by a benefit from the release of the valuation allowance of the Insurance segment due to an increase in current year income.

Income tax expense was an expense of $4.4 million and $6.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The income tax expense recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily relates to tax expense incurred in China from the partial sale of HMN and projected expense as calculated under ASC 740 for taxpaying entities, primarily the Insurance segment, offset by a discrete tax benefit from the carryback of net operating losses at the Insurance segment as a result of the enactment of the CARES Act. Additionally, the tax benefits associated with losses generated by the HC2 Holdings, Inc. U.S. consolidated income tax return and certain other businesses have been reduced by a full valuation allowance as we do not believe it is more-likely-than-not that the losses will be utilized prior to expiration. The income tax expense recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 relates to the projected expense as calculated under ASC 740 for taxpaying entities offset by a benefit from the release of the valuation allowance of the Insurance segment due to an increase in current year income.



Income (loss) from discontinued operations (including loss on disposal of $39.3 million): Income (loss) from discontinued operations for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $0.6 million to zero from income of $0.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Loss from discontinued operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased $46.3 million to a loss of $60.0 million from a loss of $13.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in loss was largely driven by the $39.3 million loss on the sale of GMSL in the first quarter of 2020. Also contributing to the increase in loss was a $9.0 million increase in net loss from the discontinued entity, GMSL. The company did not recognize a tax benefit in discontinued operations from the loss on sale of GMSL and its subsidiaries due to the application of the UK Substantial Shareholder Exception, which exempt capital gains and losses from taxation.

Preferred dividends, deemed dividends, and repurchase gains: Preferred dividends, and deemed dividends, and repurchase gains for the three months ended September 30, 2020 remained unchanged from the three months ended September 30, 2019 at loss of $0.4 million. Preferred dividends, and deemed dividends, and repurchase gains for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $1.6 million to a loss of $1.2 million compared to a gain of $0.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease was largely driven by the Insurance segment's 2019 purchase of 10,000 shares of the Company's Series A-2 Preferred Stock at a $1.7 million discount.

Segment Results of Operations

In the Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, other operating (income) expense includes (i) (gain) loss on sale or disposal of assets, (ii) lease termination costs, (iii) asset impairment expense, (iv) accretion of asset retirement obligations, and (v) FCC reimbursements. Each table summarizes the results of operations of our operating segments and compares the amount of the change between the periods presented (in millions).

Infrastructure Segment
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease) 2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease)
Net revenue $ 160.8  $ 168.4  $ (7.6) $ 509.6  $ 556.2  $ (46.6)
Cost of revenue 133.0  130.8  2.2  430.8  448.9  (18.1)
Selling, general and administrative 19.3  21.3  (2.0) 57.8  61.3  (3.5)
Depreciation and amortization 2.7  3.9  (1.2) 8.0  11.8  (3.8)
Other operating (income) expense (0.2) —  (0.2) (0.1) (0.1) — 
Income from operations $ 6.0  $ 12.4  $ (6.4) $ 13.1  $ 34.3  $ (21.2)

Net revenue: Net revenue from our Infrastructure segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $7.6 million to $160.8 million from $168.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease was primarily driven by a decline in industrial maintenance and repair work performed, as well as a slight decline in revenues from our structural steel fabrication and erection business, which had increased activity in the comparable period on certain large commercial construction projects that are now at or near completion.

Net revenue from our Infrastructure segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $46.6 million to $509.6 million from $556.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decreases were primarily driven by lower revenues from our structural steel fabrication and erection business, which had increased activity in the comparable period on certain large commercial construction projects that are now at or near completion, as well as slight decreases in power and industrial maintenance and repair work performed.

Cost of revenue: Cost of revenue from our Infrastructure segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased $2.2 million to $133.0 million from $130.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was primarily due to higher costs incurred in response to the COVID-19 pandemic along with timing of project work under execution and change in backlog mix.

Cost of revenue from our Infrastructure segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $18.1 million to $430.8 million from $448.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease was primarily driven by the timing of project work under execution and change in backlog mix, including a reduction in large commercial construction projects in the current period. The decrease was partially offset by higher costs incurred in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Selling, general and administrative: Selling, general and administrative from our Infrastructure segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $2.0 million to $19.3 million from $21.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Selling, general and administrative from our Infrastructure segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $3.5 million to $57.8 million from $61.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decreases were primarily driven by lower travel expenses and bonus expense in the current period, partially offset by higher costs incurred due to COVID-19 pandemic.

Depreciation and amortization: Depreciation and amortization from our Infrastructure segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $1.2 million to $2.7 million from $3.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Depreciation and amortization from our Infrastructure segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $3.8 million to $8.0 million from $11.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decreases were primarily related to the full depreciation and amortization of assets that took place subsequent to the comparable periods.



Clean Energy Segment
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease) 2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease)
Net revenue $ 10.3  $ 8.7  $ 1.6  $ 31.0  $ 19.3  $ 11.7 
Cost of revenue 5.1  5.1  —  14.8  11.6  3.2 
Selling, general and administrative 1.5  1.3  0.2  4.5  3.2  1.3 
Depreciation and amortization 2.2  2.0  0.2  6.3  4.9  1.4 
Other operating expense —  (0.1) 0.1  —  (0.1) 0.1 
Income (loss) from operations $ 1.5  $ 0.4  $ 1.1  $ 5.4  $ (0.3) $ 5.7 

Net revenue: Net revenue from our Clean Energy segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased $1.6 million to $10.3 million from $8.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was primarily driven by AFTC revenue related to CNG sales recognized in the current period, which had not yet been renewed for 2019 in the comparable period, as well as slight increases in income recognized from renewable energy tax credits under recently signed agreements related to the sale of renewable natural gas ("RNG").

Net revenue from our Clean Energy segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased $11.7 million to $31.0 million from $19.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was primarily driven by higher volume-related revenues attributable to the inclusion of the acquired ampCNG stations, which was acquired in June 2019. Additionally, the increases were driven by AFTC revenue related to CNG sales recognized in the current period. The AFTC had not yet been renewed for 2019 in the comparable period.

Cost of revenue: Cost of revenue from our Clean Energy segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 remained unchanged from the three months ended September 30, 2019 at $5.1 million. Cost of revenue from our Clean Energy segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased $3.2 million to $14.8 million from $11.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was due to the overall growth in volume of gasoline gallon equivalents delivered and higher commodity and utility costs driven by the acquisition of ampCNG stations.

Selling, general and administrative: Selling, general and administrative expenses from our Clean Energy segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased $0.2 million to $1.5 million from $1.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Selling, general and administrative expenses from our Clean Energy segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased $1.3 million to $4.5 million from $3.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increases were driven by the overall growth of the Clean Energy segment as it continues to increase its national footprint.

Depreciation and amortization: Depreciation and amortization from our Clean Energy segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased $0.2 million to $2.2 million from $2.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Depreciation and amortization from our Clean Energy segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased $1.4 million to $6.3 million from $4.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was due to additional depreciation and amortization from the acquisition of ampCNG stations completed in June 2019.


Telecommunications Segment
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease) 2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease)
Net revenue $ 136.4  $ 162.2  $ (25.8) $ 430.1  $ 507.0  $ (76.9)
Cost of revenue 134.8  159.8  (25.0) 424.4  498.5  (74.1)
Selling, general and administrative 1.2  1.8  (0.6) 4.8  6.4  (1.6)
Depreciation and amortization 0.1  0.1  —  0.3  0.3  — 
Other operating expense —  0.9  (0.9) —  1.4  (1.4)
Income from operations $ 0.3  $ (0.4) $ 0.7  $ 0.6  $ 0.4  $ 0.2 

Net revenue: Net revenue from our Telecommunications segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $25.8 million to $136.4 million from $162.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Net revenue from our Telecommunications segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $76.9 million to $430.1 million from $507.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decreases can be attributed to changes in our customer mix and fluctuations in wholesale traffic volumes, which can result in variability across periods.



Cost of revenue: Cost of revenue from our Telecommunications segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $25.0 million to $134.8 million from $159.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Cost of revenue from our Telecommunications segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $74.1 million to $424.4 million from $498.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decreases were directly correlated to the fluctuations in wholesale voice termination volumes, in addition to a slight reduction in margin mix attributable to market pressures on call termination rates.

Selling, general and administrative: Selling, general and administrative expenses from our Telecommunications segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $0.6 million to $1.2 million from $1.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Selling, general and administrative expenses from our Telecommunications segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $1.6 million to $4.8 million from $6.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decreases were primarily due to a decrease in compensation expense due to a lower headcount along with a reduction in accounting and legal costs.

Other operating expense: Other operating expense expenses from our Telecommunications segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $0.9 million to zero from $0.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Other operating expense expenses from our Telecommunications segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $1.4 million to zero from $1.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decreases were driven by impairment of goodwill in the comparable period as a result of declining performance at the segment.

Insurance Segment
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease) 2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease)
Life, accident and health earned premiums, net $ 28.6  $ 28.8  $ (0.2) $ 86.8  $ 88.7  $ (1.9)
Net investment income 49.2  53.5  (4.3) 154.7  159.0  (4.3)
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments 1.1  (1.9) 3.0  (18.3) 3.6  (21.9)
Net revenue 78.9  80.4  (1.5) 223.2  251.3  (28.1)
Policy benefits, changes in reserves, and commissions 59.6  66.1  (6.5) 195.0  166.8  28.2 
Selling, general and administrative 8.6  9.4  (0.8) 27.3  26.8  0.5 
Depreciation and amortization (4.4) (5.7) 1.3  (15.8) (18.2) 2.4 
Income from operations (1)
$ 15.1  $ 10.6  $ 4.5  $ 16.7  $ 75.9  $ (59.2)
(1) The Insurance segment revenues are inclusive of realized and unrealized gains and net investment income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, inclusive of transactions between entities under common control, which are eliminated or are reclassified in consolidation.

Life, accident and health earned premiums, net: Life, accident and health earned premiums, net from our Insurance segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $0.2 million to $28.6 million from $28.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Life, accident and health earned premiums, net from our Insurance segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $1.9 million to $86.8 million from $88.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decreases were primarily related to natural run-off of the closed blocks of business.

Net investment income: Net investment income from our Insurance segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $4.3 million to $49.2 million from $53.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Net investment income from our Insurance segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $4.3 million to $154.7 million from $159.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decreases were primarily due to lower net investment income and unfavorable market movements in values for preferred stock holdings and fixed maturity impairments.

Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments: Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments from our Insurance segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased $3.0 million to a gain of $1.1 million from a loss of $1.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was largely due to favorable market movements on common and preferred stock, partially offset by an impairment of select investments in the current period.

Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments from our Insurance segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $21.9 million to a loss of $18.3 million from a gain of $3.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease was driven by unfavorable market movements in common and preferred stocks driven by interest rate reductions due to the COVID-19 pandemic and impairment of select investments in the current period.

Policy benefits, changes in reserves, and commissions: Policy benefits, changes in reserves, and commissions from our Insurance segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $6.5 million to $59.6 million from $66.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease was due to favorable claims activity recognized in the current period, partially offset by unfavorable reserves development.



Policy benefits, changes in reserves, and commissions from our Insurance segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased $28.2 million to $195.0 million from $166.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was due to favorable claims activity recognized in the comparable period primarily driven by an increase in contingent non-forfeiture option activity as a result of in-force rate actions approved and implemented and unfavorable claims activity and reserves development in the current period.

Selling, general and administrative: Selling, general and administrative expenses from our Insurance segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $0.8 million to $8.6 million from $9.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease was primarily due to a reduction in bonus expense in the current period.

Selling, general and administrative expenses from our Insurance segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased $0.5 million to $27.3 million from $26.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was primarily driven by increases in salaries due to headcount increases, severance expense incurred in the current period, third party management fees and premium taxes, largely offset by a reduction in bonus expense.

Depreciation and amortization: Depreciation and amortization from our Insurance segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $1.3 million to $4.4 million from $5.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Depreciation and amortization from our Insurance segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $2.4 million to $15.8 million from $18.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decreases were driven by a reduction in negative VOBA amortization largely due to lower policy terminations for the LTC policies acquired in 2018.

Life Sciences Segment
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease) 2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease)
Selling, general and administrative $ 4.6  $ 3.0  $ 1.6  $ 11.2  $ 6.4  $ 4.8 
Depreciation and amortization —  —  —  0.1  0.1  — 
Other operating expense 0.1  —  0.1  0.1  0.1  — 
Loss from operations $ (4.7) $ (3.0) $ (1.7) $ (11.4) $ (6.6) $ (4.8)

Selling, general and administrative: Selling, general and administrative expenses from our Life Sciences segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased $1.6 million to $4.6 million from $3.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Selling, general and administrative expenses from our Life Sciences segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased $4.8 million to $11.2 million from $6.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increases were driven by higher expenses at R2 Technologies, which increased spending from the comparable period to ramp up efforts to achieve commercialization of its products.

Spectrum Segment
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease) 2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease)
Net revenue $ 9.7  $ 10.0  $ (0.3) $ 29.3  $ 29.8  $ (0.5)
Cost of revenue 5.8  5.6  0.2  16.9  17.4  (0.5)
Selling, general and administrative 4.3  7.4  (3.1) 15.6  19.4  (3.8)
Depreciation and amortization 1.7  1.8  (0.1) 5.1  4.7  0.4 
Other operating (income) expense 9.6  (1.0) 10.6  7.5  (2.9) 10.4 
Loss from operations $ (11.7) $ (3.8) $ (7.9) $ (15.8) $ (8.8) $ (7.0)

Net revenue: Net revenue from our Spectrum segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $0.3 million to $9.7 million from $10.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Net revenue from our Spectrum segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $0.5 million to $29.3 million from $29.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decreases were primarily driven by a decrease in advertising revenues at the Azteca network driven by the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, partially offset by higher station revenues as our Spectrum segment grew the number of operating stations and launched new customers across its broadcast platform.

Cost of revenue: Cost of revenue from our Spectrum segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased $0.2 million to $5.8 million from $5.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was primarily driven by increased cost of revenues associated with the higher number of operating stations, mostly offset by cost reductions at Network.

Cost of revenue from our Spectrum segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $0.5 million to $16.9 million from $17.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease was primarily driven by cost reductions at Network, partially offset by increased cost of revenues associated with the higher number of operating stations.



Selling, general and administrative: Selling, general and administrative expenses from our Spectrum segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $3.1 million to $4.3 million from $7.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Selling, general and administrative expenses from our Spectrum segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $3.8 million to $15.6 million from $19.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decreases were primarily due to lower compensation and acquisition expenses.

Depreciation and amortization: Depreciation and amortization from our Spectrum segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased $0.4 million to $5.1 million from $4.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was driven by additional amortization of fixed assets at new stations which were acquired subsequent to the comparable period.

Other operating (income) expense: Other operating (income) expense from our Spectrum segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $10.6 million to an expense of $9.6 million from income of $1.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Other operating (income) expense from our Spectrum segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $10.4 million to an expense of $7.5 million from income of $2.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decreases were primarily due to the impairment of licenses in the current period and a decrease in gains from FCC reimbursements.

Other
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease) 2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease)
Selling, general and administrative $ 0.5  $ —  $ 0.5  $ 2.1  $ 0.1  $ 2.0 
Depreciation and amortization —  —  —  —  —  — 
Other operating (income) expense —  (0.1) 0.1  —  (0.1) 0.1 
Loss from operations $ (0.5) $ 0.1  $ (0.6) $ (2.1) $ —  $ (2.1)

Selling, general and administrative: Selling, general and administrative expenses from our Other segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased $0.5 million to $0.5 million from zero for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Selling, general and administrative expenses from our Other segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased $2.0 million to $2.1 million from $0.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increases were predominantly driven by costs associated with the sale of HMN, which closed during the second quarter of 2020.


Non-operating Corporate
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease) 2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease)
Selling, general and administrative $ 5.2  $ 6.5  $ (1.3) $ 22.3  $ 20.2  $ 2.1 
Depreciation and amortization 0.1  0.1  —  0.1  0.1  — 
Loss from operations $ (5.3) $ (6.6) $ 1.3  $ (22.4) $ (20.3) $ (2.1)

Selling, general and administrative: Selling, general and administrative expenses from our Non-operating Corporate segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $1.3 million to $5.2 million from $6.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in bonus, stock compensation expense, rent expense and various consulting expenses, partially offset by an increase in legal fees incurred.

Selling, general and administrative expenses from our Non-operating Corporate segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased $2.1 million to $22.3 million from $20.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was driven by legal costs incurred associated with the consent revocation, acquisition costs, and the annual stockholder meeting related to the board solicitation matter with certain stockholders of the Company. This was partially offset by a decrease in bonus, stock compensation expense, rent expense and various consulting expenses in the current period.



Income (loss) from Equity Investees
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease) 2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease)
Life Sciences $ (1.5) $ (1.2) $ (0.3) $ (3.6) $ (2.5) $ (1.1)
Other 0.2  (0.1) 0.3  (0.4) 2.5  (2.9)
Loss from equity investees $ (1.3) $ (1.3) $ —  $ (4.0) $ —  $ (4.0)

Life Sciences: Loss from equity investees within our Life Sciences segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased $0.3 million to $1.5 million from $1.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Loss from equity investees within our Life Sciences segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased $1.1 million to $3.6 million from $2.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increases in losses were largely due to higher equity method losses recorded from our investment in MediBeacon due to the timing of clinical trials.

Other: Income (loss) from equity investees within our Other segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased $0.3 million to income of $0.2 million from a loss of $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was driven by the equity investment in HMN, as the joint venture produced higher profits than in the comparable period, which is generally attributable to timing of turnkey project work.

Income (loss) from equity investees within our Other segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $2.9 million to a loss of $0.4 million from income $2.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease was driven by the equity investment in HMN, as the joint venture produced lower profits than in the comparable period, which is generally attributable to timing of turnkey project work, and a reduction in ownership as a result of the partial sale in the second quarter of 2020.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Other Information

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA is not a measurement recognized under U.S. GAAP. In addition, other companies may define Adjusted EBITDA differently than we do, which could limit its usefulness.

Management believes that Adjusted EBITDA provides investors with meaningful information for gaining an understanding of our results as it is frequently used by the financial community to provide insight into an organization’s operating trends and facilitates comparisons between peer companies, since interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and the other items listed in the definition of Adjusted EBITDA below can differ greatly between organizations as a result of differing capital structures and tax strategies. Adjusted EBITDA can also be a useful measure of a company’s ability to service debt. While management believes that non-U.S. GAAP measurements are useful supplemental information, such adjusted results are not intended to replace our U.S. GAAP financial results. Using Adjusted EBITDA as a performance measure has inherent limitations as an analytical tool as compared to net income (loss) or other U.S. GAAP financial measures, as this non-GAAP measure excludes certain items, including items that are recurring in nature, which may be meaningful to investors. As a result of the exclusions, Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered in isolation and does not purport to be an alternative to net income (loss) or other U.S. GAAP financial measures as a measure of our operating performance. Adjusted EBITDA excludes the results of operations and any consolidating eliminations of our Insurance segment.

The calculation of Adjusted EBITDA, as defined by us, consists of Net income (loss) as adjusted for depreciation and amortization; Other operating (income) expense, which is inclusive of (gain) loss on sale or disposal of assets, lease termination costs, and FCC reimbursements; asset impairment expense; interest expense; net gain (loss) on contingent consideration; loss on early extinguishment or restructuring of debt; gain (loss) on sale of subsidiaries; other (income) expense, net; foreign currency transaction (gain) loss included in cost of revenue; income tax (benefit) expense; noncontrolling interest; bonus to be settled in equity; share-based compensation expense; discontinued operations; non-recurring items; costs associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, and acquisition and disposition costs.

To help our board, management and investors assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on our results of operations, we are excluding the impacts of COVID-19 response initiatives for the cost of personal protective equipment distributed to employees, cleaning and sanitization equipment and procedures, and additional overhead costs to maintain proper social distancing from Adjusted EBITDA. Our board and management find the exclusion of the impact of these COVID-19 response initiatives from Adjusted EBITDA to be useful because it allows us and our investors to assess the impact of these response initiatives on our results of operations.



(in millions) Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Non-operating Corporate HC2
Infrastructure Clean Energy Telecom Life Sciences Spectrum Other and Eliminations
Net loss attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc. $ (17.3)
Less: Net income attributable to HC2 Holdings Insurance segment 12.7 
Less: Consolidating eliminations attributable to HC2 Holdings Insurance segment (2.0)
Net Income (loss) attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc., excluding Insurance segment $ 2.5  $ (3.4) $ 2.4  $ (4.3) $ (15.7) $ 0.2  $ (9.7) $ (28.0)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA:
Depreciation and amortization 2.7  2.2  0.1  —  1.7  —  0.1  6.8 
Depreciation and amortization (included in cost of revenue) 2.3  —  —  —  —  —  —  2.3 
Other operating (income) expenses (0.3) —  —  0.1  9.7  —  —  9.5 
Interest expense 2.1  0.6  —  —  3.6  —  13.4  19.7 
Other (income) expense, net (0.1) 0.7  (2.1) 0.1  1.4  (0.5) (6.7) (7.2)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt —  5.0  —  —  —  —  —  5.0 
Income tax (benefit) expense 1.4  —  —  —  —  0.1  (2.3) (0.8)
Noncontrolling interest 0.1  (1.4) —  (1.8) (1.1) (0.1) —  (4.3)
Bonus to be settled in equity —  —  —  —  —  —  (0.1) (0.1)
Share-based payment expense —  —  —  —  0.1  —  0.7  0.8 
Discontinued Operations —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Non-recurring items 0.4  —  —  —  —  —  0.1  0.5 
Covid-19 Costs 6.4  —  —  —  —  —  —  6.4 
Acquisition and disposition costs 0.2  —  —  —  0.1  0.2  0.8  1.3 
Adjusted EBITDA $ 17.7  $ 3.7  $ 0.4  $ (5.9) $ (0.2) $ (0.1) $ (3.7) $ 11.9 

(in millions) Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
Non-operating Corporate HC2
Infrastructure Clean Energy Telecom Life Sciences Spectrum Other and Eliminations
Net loss attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc. $ (7.1)
Less: Net income attributable to HC2 Holdings Insurance segment 10.5 
Less: Consolidating eliminations attributable to HC2 Holdings Insurance segment (2.1)
Net Income (loss) attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc., excluding Insurance Segment $ 7.0  $ (0.1) $ (0.3) $ 5.6  $ (6.2) $ 2.4  $ (23.9) $ (15.5)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA:
Depreciation and amortization 3.9  2.0  0.1  —  1.8  —  0.1  7.9 
Depreciation and amortization (included in cost of revenue) 2.2  —  —  —  —  —  —  2.2 
Other operating (income) expenses —  (0.2) 0.8  —  (0.8) —  —  (0.2)
Interest expense 2.3  1.0  —  —  2.4  —  14.4  20.1 
Net loss (gain) on contingent consideration —  —  (0.1) —  —  —  —  (0.1)
Other (income) expense, net (0.1) (0.3) —  (8.2) 0.9  0.1  2.7  (4.9)
Foreign currency (gain) loss (included in cost of revenue) —  —  0.1  —  —  —  —  0.1 
Income tax (benefit) expense 2.9  —  —  —  —  —  (2.8) 0.1 
Noncontrolling interest 0.5  (0.1) —  (1.4) (1.1) 0.9  —  (1.2)
Share-based payment expense —  —  —  —  0.1  —  1.5  1.6 
Discontinued operations —  —  —  —  —  (3.5) 2.9  (0.6)
Non-recurring items —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Acquisition and disposition costs 0.7  —  0.2  —  1.0  —  0.4  2.3 
Adjusted EBITDA $ 19.4  $ 2.3  $ 0.8  $ (4.0) $ (1.9) $ (0.1) $ (4.7) $ 11.8 



Infrastructure: Net income from our Infrastructure segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased by $4.5 million to $2.5 million from $7.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Adjusted EBITDA from our Infrastructure segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $1.7 million to $17.7 million from $19.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily driven by a decline in power and industrial repair and maintenance work performed, as well as a slight decline in revenues from our structural steel fabrication and erection business, which had increased activity in the comparable period on certain large commercial construction projects that are now at or near completion. Partially offsetting this were decreases in corporate overhead, including a reduction in bonus expense.

Clean Energy: Net income (loss) from our Clean Energy segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased by $3.3 million to a loss of $3.4 million from a loss of $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Adjusted EBITDA from our Clean Energy segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased $1.4 million to $3.7 million from $2.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily driven the AFTC recognized in the current period which had not yet been renewed in the comparable period, as well as slight increases in income recognized from renewable energy tax credits under recently signed agreements related to the sale of RNG.

Telecommunications: Net income (loss) from our Telecommunications segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased by $2.7 million to income of $2.4 million from a loss of $0.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Adjusted EBITDA from our Telecommunications segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $0.4 million to $0.4 million from $0.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to a decline in the contracting of call termination margin as a result of the continued decline in the international long distance market, partially offset by a decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses, primarily compensation expense due to a lower headcount along with a reduction in accounting and legal costs.

Life Sciences: Net income (loss) from our Life Sciences segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $9.9 million to a loss of $4.3 million from income of $5.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Adjusted EBITDA loss from our Life Sciences segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased $1.9 million to $5.9 million from $4.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in Adjusted EBITDA loss was primarily driven by higher expenses at R2 Technologies, which increased spending from the comparable period to ramp up efforts to achieve commercialization of its products.

Spectrum: Net loss from our Spectrum segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased $9.5 million to $15.7 million from $6.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Adjusted EBITDA loss from our Spectrum segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $1.7 million to $0.2 million from $1.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The overall decrease in Adjusted EBITDA loss was primarily driven by a decrease in compensation expense, as well as higher station revenues as our Spectrum segment grew the number of operating stations and launched new customers across its broadcast platform. This was partially offset by a decrease in advertising revenues at the Azteca network driven by the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Other and Eliminations: Net income from our Other and Eliminations segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $2.2 million to $0.2 million from $2.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Adjusted EBITDA from our Other and Eliminations segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 remained unchanged from the three months ended September 30, 2019 at a loss of $0.1 million.

Non-operating Corporate: Net loss from our Non-operating Corporate segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $14.2 million to $9.7 million from $23.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Adjusted EBITDA loss from our Non-operating Corporate segment for the three months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $1.0 million to $3.7 million from $4.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease in Adjusted EBITDA loss was driven by a decrease in discretionary bonus and a general reduction in overhead expenses, including professional fees, travel and entertainment expenses, and rent expense, partially offset by an increase in recurring legal fees.


(in millions) Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Non-operating Corporate HC2
Infrastructure Clean Energy Telecom Life Sciences Spectrum Other and Eliminations
Net loss attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc. $ (87.3)
Less: Net income attributable to HC2 Holdings Insurance segment 24.1 
Less: Consolidating eliminations attributable to HC2 Holdings Insurance segment (5.1)
Net Income (loss) attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc., excluding Insurance segment $ 4.0  $ (2.4) $ 2.9  $ (8.7) $ (26.6) $ 4.2  $ (79.7) $ (106.3)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA:
Depreciation and amortization 8.0  6.3  0.3  0.1  5.1  —  0.1  19.9 
Depreciation and amortization (included in cost of revenue) 6.9  —  —  —  —  —  —  6.9 
Other operating (income) expenses (0.2) —  —  0.1  7.6  —  —  7.5 
Interest expense 6.5  3.0  —  —  10.3  —  42.7  62.5 
Other (income) expense, net —  0.8  (2.4) (2.2) 4.0  (71.8) (0.1) (71.7)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt —  5.0  —  —  —  —  9.2  14.2 
Income tax (benefit) expense 2.5  —  —  —  —  7.4  1.7  11.6 
Noncontrolling interest 0.2  (1.0) —  (4.0) (3.5) 1.5  —  (6.8)
Bonus to be settled in equity —  —  —  —  —  —  (0.5) (0.5)
Share-based payment expense —  —  —  0.1  0.3  —  2.2  2.6 
Discontinued Operations —  —  —  —  —  56.2  3.8  60.0 
Non-recurring items 2.2  —  —  —  —  —  5.3  7.5 
Covid-19 costs 15.2  —  —  —  —  —  —  15.2 
Acquisition and disposition costs 0.5  —  0.2  —  0.5  1.7  3.0  5.9 
Adjusted EBITDA $ 45.8  $ 11.7  $ 1.0  $ (14.6) $ (2.3) $ (0.8) $ (12.3) $ 28.5 


(in millions) Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
Non-operating Corporate HC2
Infrastructure Clean Energy Telecom Life Sciences Spectrum Other and Eliminations
Net loss attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc. $ (0.5)
Less: Net income attributable to HC2 Holdings Insurance segment 74.6 
Less: Consolidating eliminations attributable to HC2 Holdings Insurance segment (7.6)
Net Income (loss) attributable to HC2 Holdings, Inc., excluding Insurance Segment $ 18.0  $ (1.4) $ 0.7  $ 1.6  $ (14.1) $ (2.3) $ (70.0) $ (67.5)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA:
Depreciation and amortization 11.8  4.9  0.3  0.1  4.7  —  0.1  21.9 
Depreciation and amortization (included in cost of revenue) 6.7  —  —  —  —  —  —  6.7 
Other operating (income) expenses (0.1) (0.1) 1.3  —  (2.7) —  —  (1.6)
Interest expense 7.0  1.9  —  —  6.3  —  43.1  58.3 
Net loss (gain) on contingent consideration —  —  (0.3) —  —  —  —  (0.3)
Other (income) expense, net 0.1  (0.1) —  (8.3) 1.3  (0.1) 3.7  (3.4)
Foreign currency (gain) loss (included in cost of revenue) —  —  0.1  —  —  —  —  0.1 
Income tax (benefit) expense 8.0  —  —  —  0.1  —  (5.3) 2.8 
Noncontrolling interest 1.4  (0.7) —  (2.2) (2.7) (0.7) —  (4.9)
Bonus to be settled in equity —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Share-based payment expense —  —  —  0.1  0.5  —  4.0  4.6 
Discontinued operations —  —  —  —  —  5.5  8.2  13.7 
Non-recurring items —  —  —  —  —  —  —  — 
Acquisition and disposition costs 2.0  0.1  0.3  —  1.3  —  1.0  4.7 
Adjusted EBITDA $ 54.9  $ 4.6  $ 2.4  $ (8.7) $ (5.3) $ 2.4  $ (15.2) $ 35.1 



Infrastructure: Net income from our Infrastructure segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $14.0 million to $4.0 million from $18.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Adjusted EBITDA from our Infrastructure segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $9.1 million to $45.8 million from $54.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease in Adjusted EBITDA can be attributed to the timing of project work under execution and change in backlog mix, including a reduction in large commercial construction projects in the current period, as well as a decline in power and industrial repair and maintenance work performed. This was partially offset by a decrease in recurring corporate overhead, including a reduction in bonus expense.

Clean Energy: Net loss from our Clean Energy segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased by $1.0 million to a loss of $2.4 million from a loss of $1.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Adjusted EBITDA from our Clean Energy segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased $7.1 million to $11.7 million from $4.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily driven by higher volume-related revenues from the acquisition of ampCNG stations in June 2019 and the AFTC recognized in the current period which had not yet been renewed in the comparable period. Partially offsetting these increases were higher costs of revenue and selling, general and administrative expenses as a result of the acquisition of the ampCNG stations.

Telecommunications: Net income from our Telecommunications segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased by $2.2 million to $2.9 million from $0.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Adjusted EBITDA from our Telecommunications segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $1.4 million to $1.0 million from $2.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease in Adjusted EBITDA was primarily due to a decline in call termination margin as a result of the continued decline in the international long distance market, partially offset by a decrease in compensation expense due to headcount decreases.

Life Sciences: Net income (loss) from our Life Sciences segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $10.3 million to a loss of $8.7 million from income of $1.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Adjusted EBITDA loss from our Life Sciences segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased $5.9 million to $14.6 million from $8.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in Adjusted EBITDA loss was primarily driven by higher expenses at R2 Technologies, which increased spending from the comparable period to ramp up efforts to achieve commercialization of its products and higher equity method losses recorded from our investment in MediBeacon due to the timing of clinical trials.

Spectrum: Net loss from our Spectrum segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased $12.5 million to $26.6 million from $14.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Adjusted EBITDA loss from our Spectrum segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $3.0 million to $2.3 million from $5.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The overall decrease in Adjusted EBITDA loss was primarily driven a decrease in compensation expense, as well as higher station revenues as our Spectrum segment grew the number of operating stations and launched new customers across its broadcast platform. This was partially offset by a decrease in advertising revenues at the Azteca network driven by the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Other and Eliminations: Net income (loss) from our Other and Eliminations segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased $6.5 million to income of $4.2 million from a loss of $2.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Adjusted EBITDA from our Other and Eliminations segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $3.2 million to a loss of $0.8 million from income of $2.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease in EBITDA for Other and Eliminations was driven by lower profits for the HMN investment, which is generally attributable to the timing of turnkey project work.

Non-operating Corporate: Net loss from our Non-operating Corporate segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased $9.7 million to $79.7 million from $70.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Adjusted EBITDA loss from our Non-operating Corporate segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $2.9 million to $12.3 million from $15.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease in Adjusted EBITDA loss was driven by a decrease in discretionary bonus and a general reduction in overhead expenses, including professional fees, travel and entertainment expenses, and rent expense, partially offset by an increase in recurring legal fees.

(in millions): Three Months Ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease) 2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease)
Infrastructure $ 17.7  $ 19.4  $ (1.7) $ 45.8  $ 54.9  $ (9.1)
Clean Energy 3.7  2.3  1.4  11.7  4.6  7.1 
Telecommunications 0.4  0.8  (0.4) 1.0  2.4  (1.4)
Life Sciences (5.9) (4.0) (1.9) (14.6) (8.7) (5.9)
Spectrum (0.2) (1.9) 1.7  (2.3) (5.3) 3.0 
Other and Eliminations (0.1) (0.1) —  (0.8) 2.4  (3.2)
Non-Operating Corporate (3.7) (4.7) 1.0  (12.3) (15.2) 2.9 
Adjusted EBITDA $ 11.9  $ 11.8  $ 0.1  $ 28.5  $ 35.1  $ (6.6)



Adjusted Operating Income - Insurance

Adjusted Operating Income ("Insurance AOI") and Pre-tax Adjusted Operating Income (“Pre-tax Insurance AOI”) for the Insurance segment are non-U.S. GAAP financial measures frequently used throughout the insurance industry and are economic measures the Insurance segment uses to evaluate its financial performance. Management believes that Insurance AOI and Pre-tax Insurance AOI measures provide investors with meaningful information for gaining an understanding of certain results and provide insight into an organization’s operating trends and facilitates comparisons between peer companies. However, Insurance AOI and Pre-tax Insurance AOI have certain limitations, and we may not calculate it the same as other companies in our industry. It should, therefore, be read together with the Company's results calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
 
Similarly to Adjusted EBITDA, using Insurance AOI and Pre-tax Insurance AOI as performance measures have inherent limitations as an analytical tool as compared to income (loss) from operations or other U.S. GAAP financial measures, as these non-U.S. GAAP measures exclude certain items, including items that are recurring in nature, which may be meaningful to investors. As a result of the exclusions, Insurance AOI and Pre-tax Insurance AOI should not be considered in isolation and do not purport to be an alternative to income (loss) from operations or other U.S. GAAP financial measures as measures of our operating performance.

Management defines Insurance AOI as Net income for the Insurance segment adjusted to exclude the impact of net investment gains (losses), including OTTI losses recognized in operations; asset impairment; intercompany elimination; gain on bargain purchase; gain on reinsurance recaptures; and acquisition costs. Management defines Pre-tax Insurance AOI as Insurance AOI adjusted to exclude the impact of income tax (benefit) expense recognized during the current period. Management believes that Insurance AOI and Pre-tax Insurance AOI provide meaningful financial metrics that help investors understand certain results and profitability. While these adjustments are an integral part of the overall performance of the Insurance segment, market conditions impacting these items can overshadow the underlying performance of the business. Accordingly, we believe using a measure which excludes their impact is effective in analyzing the trends of our operations.

The table below shows the adjustments made to the reported Net income (loss) of the Insurance segment to calculate Insurance AOI and Pre-tax Insurance AOI (in millions). Refer to the analysis of the fluctuations within the results of operations section:

Three Months Ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease) 2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease)
Net income - Insurance segment $ 12.7  $ 10.5  $ 2.2  $ 24.1  $ 74.6  $ (50.5)
Effect of investment losses (gains) (1)
(1.1) 1.9  (3.0) 18.3  (3.6) 21.9 
Gain on bargain purchase —  —  —  —  (1.1) 1.1 
Acquisition costs 0.1  0.2  (0.1) 0.1  2.0  (1.9)
Insurance AOI 11.7  12.6  (0.9) 42.5  71.9  (29.4)
Income tax expense (benefit) 2.6  0.9  1.7  (7.0) 3.3  (10.3)
Pre-tax Insurance AOI $ 14.3  $ 13.5  $ 0.8  $ 35.5  $ 75.2  $ (39.7)
(1) The Insurance segment revenues are inclusive of realized and unrealized gains and net investment income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, inclusive of transactions between entities under common control, which are eliminated or are reclassified in consolidation.

Net income for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased $2.2 million to $12.7 million from $10.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Pre-tax Insurance AOI for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased $0.8 million to $14.3 million from $13.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was due to favorable claims activity recognized in the current period. This was partially offset by a reduction in net investment income due to lower net investment income and unfavorable market movements in values for preferred stock holdings and fixed maturity impairments and unfavorable VOBA amortization largely due to lower policy terminations for the LTC policies acquired in 2018.

Net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $50.5 million to $24.1 million from $74.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Pre-tax Insurance AOI for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $39.7 million to $35.5 million from $75.2 million for nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease was primarily driven by non-recurring favorable claims activity recognized in the comparable period and additional unfavorable claims activity and reserve developments in the current year. Additionally, the Insurance segment had a reduction in net investment income due to lower net investment income and unfavorable market movements in values for preferred stock holdings and fixed maturity impairments and unfavorable VOBA amortization largely due to lower policy terminations for the LTC policies acquired in 2018.



Backlog

Projects in backlog consist of awarded contracts, letters of intent, notices to proceed, change orders, and purchase orders obtained. Backlog increases as contract commitments are obtained, decreases as revenues are recognized and increases or decreases to reflect modifications in the work to be performed under the contracts. Backlog is converted to sales in future periods as work is performed or projects are completed. Backlog can be significantly affected by the receipt or loss of individual contracts.

Infrastructure Segment

At September 30, 2020, DBMG's backlog was $435.9 million, consisting of $336.7 million under contracts or purchase orders and $99.2 million under letters of intent or notices to proceed. Approximately $145.2 million, representing 33.3% of DBMG’s backlog at September 30, 2020, was attributable to five contracts, letters of intent, notices to proceed or purchase orders. If one or more of these projects terminate or reduce their scope, DBMG’s backlog could decrease substantially.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Short- and Long-Term Liquidity Considerations and Risks

HC2 is a holding company and its liquidity needs are primarily for interest payments on its Senior Secured Notes, 2020 Revolving Credit Agreement, 7.50% convertible notes due 2022 (the "Convertible Notes"), dividend payments on its Preferred Stock and recurring operational expenses. 

As of September 30, 2020, the Company had $163.6 million of cash and cash equivalents compared to $228.8 million as of December 31, 2019. On a stand-alone basis, as of September 30, 2020, HC2 had cash and cash equivalents of $8.9 million compared to $11.6 million at December 31, 2019. At September 30, 2020, cash and cash equivalents in our Insurance segment was $114.7 million compared to $170.5 million at December 31, 2019.

Our subsidiaries' principal liquidity requirements arise from cash used in operating activities, debt service, and capital expenditures, including purchases of steel construction equipment, fueling stations, network equipment (such as switches, related transmission equipment and capacity), and service infrastructure, liabilities associated with insurance products, development of back-office systems, operating costs and expenses, and income taxes.

As of September 30, 2020, the Company had $665.0 million of indebtedness on a consolidated basis compared to $805.0 million as of December 31, 2019. On a stand-alone basis, as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, HC2 had indebtedness of $412.4 million and $540.0 million, respectively.

HC2's stand-alone debt consists of the $342.4 million aggregate principal amount of the Senior Secured Notes, the $55.0 million aggregate principal amount of the Convertible Notes, and the $15.0 million 2020 Revolving Credit Agreement. HC2 is required to make semi-annual interest payments on its Senior Secured Notes and Convertible Notes, and quarterly interest payments on its 2020 Revolving Credit Agreement.

HC2 is required to make dividend payments on its outstanding Preferred Stock on January 15th, April 15th, July 15th, and October 15th of each year.

HC2 received $0.5 million in dividends from our Telecommunications segment during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. Additionally, HC2 received a deemed dividend in September 2020 to settle a $6.0 million cash advance from our Telecommunications segment in May of 2020.

HC2 received $1.1 million and $4.0 million in net management fees during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.

HC2 received $4.5 million and $18.0 million in dividends from its Infrastructure segment during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.

We have financed our growth and operations to date, and expect to finance our future growth and operations, through public offerings and private placements of debt and equity securities, credit facilities, vendor financing, capital lease financing and other financing arrangements, as well as cash generated from the operations of our subsidiaries. In the future, we may also choose to sell assets or certain investments to generate cash.



At this time, we believe that we will be able to continue to meet our liquidity requirements and fund our fixed obligations (such as debt service and operating leases) and other cash needs for our operations for at least the next twelve months through a combination of distributions from our subsidiaries and from raising of additional debt or equity, refinancing of certain of our indebtedness or preferred stock, other financing arrangements and/or the sale of assets and certain investments. Historically, we have chosen to reinvest cash and receivables into the growth of our various businesses, and therefore have not kept a large amount of cash on hand at the holding company level, a practice which we expect to continue in the future. The ability of HC2’s subsidiaries to make distributions to HC2 is subject to numerous factors, including restrictions contained in each subsidiary’s financing agreements, regulatory requirements, availability of sufficient funds at each subsidiary and the approval of such payment by each subsidiary’s board of directors, which must consider various factors, including general economic and business conditions, tax considerations, strategic plans, financial results and condition, expansion plans, any contractual, legal or regulatory restrictions on the payment of dividends, and such other factors each subsidiary’s board of directors considers relevant. Our ability to sell assets and certain of our investments to meet our existing financing needs may also be limited by our existing financing instruments. Although the Company believes that it will be able to raise additional equity capital, refinance indebtedness or preferred stock, enter into other financing arrangements or engage in asset sales and sales of certain investments sufficient to fund any cash needs that we are not able to satisfy with the funds expected to be provided by our subsidiaries, there can be no assurance that it will be able to do so on terms satisfactory to the Company if at all. Such financing options, if pursued, may also ultimately have the effect of negatively impacting our liquidity profile and prospects over the long-term. In addition, the sale of assets or the Company’s investments may also make the Company less attractive to potential investors or future financing partners.

We have begun to see significant costs increases, primarily at our Infrastructure segment, driven by expenses associated with maintaining a safe work environment, and while executing on their projects. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, $6.4 million and $15.2 million of COVID-19 costs were incurred. Although the COVID-19 pandemic did not have a material impact on the HC2’s liquidity in the first three quarters of 2020, management believes the continuation of the pandemic and its related effect on the U.S. and global economies could introduce added pressure on the Company’s liquidity position and financial performance. Our sources of liquidity are primarily from the dividends from our operating subsidiaries, tax sharing agreement with DBMG, cash proceeds from completed and anticipated monetization’s and other arrangements.

Additionally, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, our corporate staff is predominantly working remotely and many of our key vendors, and consultants have similarly begun to work remotely. As a result of such remote work arrangements, certain operational, reporting, accounting and other processes may slow, which could result in longer time to execute critical business functions.

Indebtedness

See Note 14. Debt Obligations, to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a description of our long-term debt.

Restrictive Covenants

The indenture governing the Senior Secured Notes dated November 20, 2018, by and among HC2, the guarantors party thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, a national banking association ("U.S. Bank"), as trustee (the "Secured Indenture"), contains certain affirmative and negative covenants limiting, among other things, the ability of the Company, and, in certain cases, the Company’s subsidiaries, to incur additional indebtedness; create liens; engage in sale-leaseback transactions; pay dividends or make distributions in respect of capital stock; make certain restricted payments; sell assets; engage in transactions with affiliates; or consolidate or merge with, or sell substantially all of its assets to, another person. These covenants are subject to a number of important exceptions and qualifications.

The Company is also required to comply with certain financial maintenance covenants, which are similarly subject to a number of important exceptions and qualifications. These covenants include maintenance of (1) liquidity; (2) collateral coverage; (3) secured net leverage ratio; and (4) fixed charge coverage ratio.

The maintenance of liquidity covenant provides that the Company will not permit the aggregate amount of (i) all unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of the Company and the Subsidiary Guarantors, (ii) amounts available for drawing under revolving credit facilities and undrawn letters of credit of the Company and the Subsidiary Guarantors and (iii) dividends, distributions or payments that are immediately available to be paid to the Company by any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to be less than the Company’s obligation to pay interest on the Senior Secured Notes and all other debt, including Convertible Preferred Stock mandatory cash dividends or any other mandatory cash pay Preferred Stock but excluding any obligation to pay interest on Convertible Preferred Stock or any other mandatory cash pay Preferred Stock which, in each case, may be paid by accretion or in-kind in accordance with its terms of the Company and its Subsidiary Guarantors for the next six months. As of September 30, 2020, the Company was in compliance with this covenant.

The maintenance of collateral coverage provides that the Company's Collateral Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Secured Indenture as the ratio of (i) the Loan Collateral to (ii) Consolidated Secured Debt (each as defined therein)) calculated on a pro forma basis as of the last day of each fiscal quarter may not be less than 1.50 to 1.00. As of September 30, 2020, the Company was in compliance with this covenant. 



The maintenance of secured net leverage ratio provides that the Company’s Secured Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Secured Indenture) as of any date of determination calculated on a pro forma basis after accounting for the net proceeds from any Asset Sale which the Company has determined to apply to the repayment of any Debt to exceed 7.75 to 1.00. As of September 30, 2020, the Company was in compliance with this covenant. 

The maintenance of fixed charge coverage ratio provides that commencing with the fiscal year ending December 31, 2020, that the Company will not permit the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Secured Indenture) calculated as of the last day of each fiscal year of the Company to be less than 1.00 to 1.00 or that the Company’s “HC2 Corporate Overhead” (as defined in the Secured Indenture) in any fiscal year not exceed the sum of $29.0 million for such fiscal year. As of September 30, 2020, the Company was in compliance.

The instruments governing the Company’s Preferred Stock also limit the Company’s and its subsidiaries ability to take certain actions, including, among other things, to incur additional indebtedness; issue additional Preferred Stock; engage in transactions with affiliates; and make certain restricted payments.  These limitations are subject to a number of important exceptions and qualifications.

The Company intends to conduct its operations in a manner that will result in continued compliance with the Secured Indenture; however, compliance with certain financial covenants for future periods may depend on the Company or one or more of the Company’s subsidiaries undertaking one or more non-operational transactions, such as the management of operating cash outflows, a monetization of assets, a debt incurrence or refinancing, the raising of equity capital, or similar transactions. If the Company is unable to remain in compliance and does not make alternate arrangements, an event of default would occur under the Company’s Secured Indenture which, among other remedies, could result in the outstanding obligations under the indenture becoming immediately due and payable and permitting the exercise of remedies with respect to the collateral. There is no assurance the Company will be able to complete any non-operational transaction it may undertake to maintain compliance with covenants under the Secured Indenture or, even if the Company completes any such transaction, that it will be able to maintain compliance for any subsequent period.

Summary of Consolidated Cash Flows

The below table summarizes the cash provided by or used in our continuing operating, investing and financing activities and the amount of the respective changes between the periods (in millions):
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020 2019 Increase / (Decrease)
Operating activities $ 78.2  $ 82.5  $ (4.3)
Investing activities 77.4  (193.2) 270.6 
Financing activities (221.4) 53.6  (275.0)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 0.7  0.3  0.4 
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ (65.1) $ (56.8) $ (8.3)

Operating Activities

Cash provided by operating activities was $78.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 as compared to cash provided by operating activities of $82.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The $4.3 million change was the result of the working capital improvements in our Infrastructure, Clean Energy, and Corporate segments. Our Infrastructure segment benefited from increased billings in excess of costs on new projects, while our Clean Energy segment benefited from AFTC related collections in the current period. In addition, our Corporate segment benefited from a decrease in discretionary bonus and a general reduction in overhead expenses, including professional fees, travel and entertainment expenses, and rent expense, partially offset by an increase in legal fees. These increases were offset by the working capital declines in our Telecommunication segment, which experienced a decline due to the timing of vendor payments and receivables collections.

Investing Activities

Cash provided by investing activities was $77.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 as compared to cash used in investing activities of $193.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The $270.6 million change was a result of the sales of GMSL and HMN during the current year and acquisition of ampCNG during the comparable period.

Financing Activities

Cash used in financing activities was $221.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 as compared to cash provided by financing activities of $53.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The $275.0 million change was largely a result of the principal payments on debt obligations at our Corporate segment and payments to minority stockholders at our Other segment for the portion of the proceeds received from the sale of GMSL and HMN. Further adding to the decline were payments on borrowings at our Infrastructure and Spectrum segments when compared to the prior period.



Infrastructure

Cash Flows

Cash flows from operating activities are the principal source of cash used to fund DBMG’s operating expenses, interest payments on debt, and capital expenditures. DBMG's short-term cash needs are primarily for working capital to support operations including receivables, inventories, and other costs incurred in performing its contracts. DBMG attempts to structure the payment arrangements under its contracts to match costs incurred under the project. To the extent it is able to bill in advance of costs incurred, DBMG generates working capital through billings in excess of costs and recognized earnings on uncompleted contracts. DBMG relies on its credit facilities to meet its working capital needs. DBMG believes that its existing borrowing availability, together with cash from operations, will be adequate to meet all funding requirements for its operating expenses, interest payments on debt, capital expenditures and dividends for the foreseeable future.

DBMG is required to make monthly or quarterly interest payments on all of its debt. Based upon the September 30, 2020 debt balance, DBMG anticipates that its interest payments will be approximately $1.6 million for the fourth quarter of 2020.

DBMG believes that its available funds, cash generated by operating activities and funds available under its bank credit facilities will be sufficient to fund its capital expenditures and its working capital needs. However, DBMG may expand its operations through future acquisitions and may require additional equity or debt financing. Market volatility resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic or other factors could adversely impact our ability to access capital as and when needed.


Insurance

Cash flows

CIG’s principal cash inflows from its operating activities relate to its premiums, annuity deposits and insurance, investment product fees and other income. CIG’s principal cash inflows from its invested assets result from investment income and the maturity and sales of invested assets. The primary liquidity concern with respect to these cash inflows relates to the risk of default by debtors and interest rate volatility. Additional sources of liquidity to meet unexpected cash outflows in excess of operating cash inflows and current cash and equivalents on hand include selling short-term investments or fixed maturity securities.

CIG's principal cash outflows relate to the payment of claims liabilities, interest credited and operating expenses. CIG’s management believes its current sources of liquidity are adequate to meet its cash requirements for the next 12 months.

Market environment

As of September 30, 2020, CIG was in a position to hold any investment security showing an unrealized loss until recovery, provided it remains comfortable with the credit of the issuer. CIG does not rely on short-term funding or commercial paper and to date it has experienced no liquidity pressure, nor does it anticipate such pressure in the foreseeable future. CIG projects its reserves to be sufficient and believes its current capital base is adequate to support its business. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, CIG performed adverse stress testing of investments and reserves which still yielded results in ending the year with a Risk-Based Capital ("RBC") well above regulatory minimums.

Dividend Limitations

CIG's insurance subsidiary is subject to Texas statutory provisions that restrict the payment of dividends. The maximum amount of dividends which can be paid to stockholders by life insurance companies domiciled in the State of Texas without prior approval of the Insurance Commissioner is the greater of 10% of surplus as regards to policyholders or net gain on operations as of the preceding year end, but only to the extent of earned surplus as of the preceding year end. The maximum amount of dividends payable in 2020 and 2019 without prior approval was $0 based on statutory earned deficit.

In addition to the limitations noted above, laws and regulations require, among other items, that the CIG’s insurance subsidiary maintain minimum solvency requirements, which may limit the amount of dividends this subsidiary can pay.

Along with solvency regulations, the primary driver in determining the amount of capital used for dividends is the level of capital needed to maintain desired financial strength in the form of its subsidiary RBC ratio. CIG monitors its insurance subsidiary's compliance with the RBC requirements specified by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners. As of September 30, 2020, CIG’s insurance subsidiary exceeded the minimum RBC requirements.



Insurance Companies Capital Contributions

The Company has an agreement with the Texas Department of Insurance (“TDOI”) that, for two years from August 9, 2018, CIG will contribute to CGI cash or marketable securities acceptable to the TDOI to the extent required for CGI’s total adjusted capital to be not less than 450% of CGI’s authorized control level risk-based capital and for three years from August 9, 2020, CIG will contribute to CGI cash or marketable securities acceptable to the TDOI to the extent required for CGI’s total adjusted capital to be not less than 400% of CGI’s authorized control level risk-based capital (each as defined under Texas law and reported in CGI’s statutory statements filed with the TDOI).

Additionally, CGI entered into a capital maintenance agreement with Great American. Under the agreement, if the applicable acquired company’s total adjusted capital reported in its annual statutory financial statements is less than 400% of its authorized control level risk-based capital, Great American has agreed to pay cash or assets to the applicable acquired company as required to eliminate such shortfall (after giving effect to any capital contributions made by the Company or its affiliates since the date of the relevant annual statutory financial statement). Great American’s obligation to make such payments is capped at $35.0 million under the capital maintenance agreement. The capital maintenance agreements will remain in effect from January 1, 2016 to January 1, 2021 or until payments by Great American under the applicable agreement equal the applicable cap. Pursuant to the purchase agreement, the Company is required to indemnify Great American for the amount of any payments made by Great American under the capital maintenance agreements.

Asset Liability Management

CIG’s insurance subsidiary maintains investment strategies intended to provide adequate funds to pay benefits without forced sales of investments. Products having liabilities with longer durations, such as long-term care insurance, are matched with investments such as long-term fixed maturity securities. Shorter-term liabilities are matched with fixed maturity securities that have short- and medium-term fixed maturities. The types of assets in which CIG may invest are influenced by state laws, which prescribe qualified investment assets applicable to insurance companies. Within the parameters of these laws, CIG invests in assets giving consideration to four primary investment objectives: (i) maintain robust absolute returns; (ii) provide reliable yield and investment income; (iii) preserve capital; and (iv) provide liquidity to meet policyholder and other corporate obligations. The Insurance segment’s investment portfolio is designed to contribute stable earnings and balance risk across diverse asset classes and is primarily invested in high quality fixed income securities. In addition, at any given time, CIG’s insurance subsidiary could hold cash, highly liquid, high-quality short-term investment securities and other liquid investment grade fixed maturity securities to fund anticipated operating expenses, surrenders and withdrawals.

Investments

At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, CIG’s investment portfolio is comprised of the following (in millions):
September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
Fair Value Percent Fair Value Percent
U.S. Government and government agencies $ 8.5  0.2  % $ 7.7  0.2  %
States, municipalities and political subdivisions 429.7  9.3  % 440.1  9.9  %
Residential mortgage-backed securities 57.0  1.2  % 66.9  1.5  %
Commercial mortgage-backed securities 94.0  2.0  % 109.4  2.5  %
Asset-backed securities 497.3  10.8  % 577.8  13.1  %
Corporate and other (*)
3,248.5  70.4  % 2,866.8  64.8  %
Common stocks (*)
21.5  0.5  % 25.6  0.6  %
Perpetual preferred stocks (*)
105.3  2.3  % 118.9  2.7  %
Mortgage loans 121.1  2.6  % 183.5  4.1  %
Policy loans 18.2  0.4  % 19.1  0.4  %
Other invested assets 14.9  0.3  % 7.2  0.2  %
Total $ 4,616.0  100.0  % $ 4,423.0  100.0  %
(*) Balance includes fair value of certain securities held by the Company, which are eliminated in consolidation.



Credit Quality

Insurance statutes regulate the type of investments that CIG is permitted to make and limit the amount of funds that may be used for any one type of investment. In light of these statutes and regulations, and CIG's business and investment strategy, CIG generally seeks to invest in (i) securities rated investment grade by established nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (each, a nationally recognized statistical rating organization ("NRSRO")), (ii) U.S. Government and government-sponsored agency securities, or (iii) securities of comparable investment quality, if not rated.

The following table summarizes the credit quality, by NRSRO rating, of CIG's fixed income portfolio (in millions):
September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
Fair Value Percent Fair Value Percent
AAA, AA, A $ 2,029.1  46.9  % $ 1,954.9  48.1  %
BBB 2,012.8  46.4  % 1,834.5  45.1  %
Total investment grade 4,041.9  93.3  % 3,789.4  93.2  %
BB 197.1  4.5  % 210.7  5.2  %
B 29.2  0.7  % 18.0  0.4  %
CCC, CC, C 58.3  1.3  % 37.9  0.9  %
D 8.5  0.2  % 12.7  0.3  %
Total non-investment grade 293.1  6.7  % 279.3  6.8  %
Total $ 4,335.0  100.0  % $ 4,068.7  100.0  %

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

DBMG’s off-balance sheet arrangements at September 30, 2020 included letters of credit of $9.8 million under Credit and Security Agreements and performance bonds of $100.2 million. DBMG’s contract arrangements with customers sometimes require DBMG to provide performance bonds to partially secure its obligations under its contracts. Bonding requirements typically arise in connection with public works projects and sometimes with respect to certain private contracts. DBMG’s performance bonds are obtained through surety companies and typically cover the entire project price.

New Accounting Pronouncements

For a discussion of our New Accounting Pronouncements, refer to Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Critical Accounting Policies

There have been no material changes in the Company’s critical accounting policies during the quarter ended September 30, 2020. For information about critical accounting policies, refer to “Critical Accounting Policies” under Item 7 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Related Party Transactions

For a discussion of our Related Party Transactions, refer to Note 19. Related Parties to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Corporate Information

HC2, a Delaware corporation, was incorporated in 1994. The Company’s executive offices are located at 450 Park Avenue, 29th Floor, New York, NY, 10022. The Company’s telephone number is (212) 235-2690. Our Internet address is www.hc2.com. We make available free of charge through our Internet website our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. The information on or accessible through our website is not a part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.



Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains or incorporates a number of "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such statements are based on current expectations, and are not strictly historical statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as "if," "may," "should," "believe," "anticipate," "future," "forward," "potential," "estimate," "opportunity," "goal," "objective," "growth," "outcome," "could," "expect," "intend," "plan," "strategy," "provide," "commitment," "result," "seek," "pursue," "ongoing," "include" or in the negative of such terms or comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements inherently involve certain risks and uncertainties and are not guarantees of performance, results, or the creation of stockholder value, although they are based on our current plans or assessments which we believe to be reasonable as of the date hereof.

Factors that could cause actual results, events and developments to differ include, without limitation: the ability of our subsidiaries (including, target businesses following their acquisition) to generate sufficient net income and cash flows to make upstream cash distributions, capital market conditions, our and our subsidiaries’ ability to identify any suitable future acquisition opportunities, efficiencies/cost avoidance, cost savings, income and margins, growth, economies of scale, combined operations, future economic performance, conditions to, and the timetable for, completing the integration of financial reporting of acquired or target businesses with HC2 or the applicable subsidiary of HC2, completing future acquisitions and dispositions, litigation, potential and contingent liabilities, management’s plans, changes in regulations and taxes.

We claim the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 for all forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of performance. You should understand that the following important factors, in addition to those discussed under the section entitled "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, and in the documents incorporated by reference, could affect our future results and could cause those results or other outcomes to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements. You should also understand that many factors described under one heading below may apply to more than one section in which we have grouped them for the purpose of this presentation. As a result, you should consider all of the following factors, together with all of the other information presented herein, in evaluating our business and that of our subsidiaries.

HC2 Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Our actual results or other outcomes may differ from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements contained herein due to a variety of important factors, including, without limitation, the following:

•the effect of the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic and related governmental responses on our business, financial condition and results of operations;
•limitations on our ability to successfully identify any strategic acquisitions or business opportunities and to compete for these opportunities with others who have greater resources;
•our possible inability to generate sufficient liquidity, margins, earnings per share, cash flow and working capital from our operating segments;
•the impact of catastrophic events including natural disasters, pandemic illness and the outbreak of war or acts of terrorism;
•our dependence on distributions from our subsidiaries to fund our operations and payments on our obligations;
•the impact on our business and financial condition of our substantial indebtedness and the significant additional indebtedness and other financing obligations we may incur;
•the impact of covenants in the Indenture governing HC2’s Notes, the Certificates of Designation governing HC2’s Preferred Stock and all other subsidiary debt obligations as summarized in Note 14. Debt Obligations and future financing agreements on our ability to operate our business and finance our pursuit of acquisition opportunities;
•our dependence on certain key personnel;
•the impact of our reconstituted Board on our business growth and value to stockholders;
•uncertain global economic conditions in the markets in which our operating segments conduct their businesses;
•the ability of our operating segments to attract and retain customers;
•increased competition in the markets in which our operating segments conduct their businesses;
•our expectations regarding the timing, extent and effectiveness of our cost reduction initiatives and management’s ability to moderate or control discretionary spending;
•management’s plans, goals, forecasts, expectations, guidance, objectives, strategies and timing for future operations, acquisitions, synergies, asset dispositions, fixed asset and goodwill impairment charges, tax and withholding expense, selling, general and administrative expenses, product plans, performance and results;
•management’s assessment of market factors and competitive developments, including pricing actions and regulatory rulings;
•the impact of additional material charges associated with our oversight of acquired or target businesses and the integration of our financial reporting;
•the impact of expending significant resources in considering acquisition targets or business opportunities that are not consummated;
•our expectations and timing with respect to our ordinary course acquisition activity and whether such acquisitions are accretive or dilutive to stockholders;


•our expectations and timing with respect to any strategic dispositions and sales of our operating subsidiaries or businesses that we may make in the future and the effect of any such dispositions or sales on our results of operations;
•the possibility of indemnification claims arising out of divestitures of businesses;
•tax consequences associated with our acquisition, holding and disposition of target companies and assets;
•the effect any interests our officers, directors, stockholders and their respective affiliates may have in certain transactions in which we are involved;
•our ability to effectively increase the size of our organization, if needed, and manage our growth;
•the potential for, and our ability to, remediate future material weaknesses in our internal controls over financial reporting;
•our possible inability to raise additional capital when needed or refinance our existing debt, on attractive terms, or at all; and
•our possible inability to hire and retain qualified executive management, sales, technical and other personnel.

Infrastructure / DBM Global Inc.

Our actual results or other outcomes of DBM Global, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries ("DBMG"), and, thus, our Infrastructure segment, may differ from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements contained herein due to a variety of important factors, including, without limitation, the following:

•our ability to maintain efficient staffing and productivity as well as delays and cancellations as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic;
•its ability to realize cost savings from expected performance of contracts, whether as a result of improper estimates, performance, or otherwise;
•potential impediments and limitations on our ability to complete ordinary course acquisitions in anticipated time frames or at all;
•uncertain timing and funding of new contract awards, as well as project cancellations;
•cost overruns on fixed-price or similar contracts or failure to receive timely or proper payments on cost-reimbursable contracts, whether as a result of improper estimates, performance, disputes, or otherwise;
•risks associated with labor productivity, including performance of subcontractors that DBMG hires to complete projects;
•its ability to settle or negotiate unapproved change orders and claims;
•changes in the costs or availability of, or delivery schedule for, equipment, components, materials, labor or subcontractors;
•adverse impacts from weather affecting DBMG’s performance and timeliness of completion of projects, which could lead to increased costs and affect the quality, costs or availability of, or delivery schedule for, equipment, components, materials, labor or subcontractors;
•fluctuating revenue resulting from a number of factors, including the cyclical nature of the individual markets in which our customers operate;
•adverse outcomes of pending claims or litigation or the possibility of new claims or litigation, and the potential effect of such claims or litigation on DBMG’s business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flow; and
•lack of necessary liquidity to provide bid, performance, advance payment and retention bonds, guarantees, or letters of credit securing DBMG’s obligations under bids and contracts or to finance expenditures prior to the receipt of payment for the performance of contracts.

Clean Energy / Beyond6, Inc.

Our actual results or other outcomes of Beyond6, and, thus, our Clean Energy segment, may differ from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements contained herein due to a variety of important factors, including, without limitation, the following:

•reductions in demand for our products as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic;
•automobile and engine manufacturers’ limited production of originally manufactured natural gas vehicles and engines for the markets in which Beyond6 participates;
•environmental regulations and programs mandating the use of cleaner burning fuels;
•competition from oil and gas companies, retail fuel providers, industrial gas companies, natural gas utilities and other organizations;
•the infrastructure for natural gas vehicle fuels;
•the safety and environmental risks of natural gas fueling operations and vehicle conversions;
•our Clean Energy segment’s ability to implement its business plan in a regulated environment;
•the adoption, modification or repeal in environmental, tax, government regulations, and other programs and incentives that encourage the use of clean fuel and alternative vehicles;
•demand for natural gas vehicles;
•advances in other alternative vehicle fuels or technologies, or improvements in gasoline, diesel or hybrid engines; and
•increases, decreases and general volatility in oil, gasoline, diesel and natural gas prices.



Telecommunications / PTGi International Carrier Services, Inc.

Our actual results or other outcomes of PTGi International Carrier Services, Inc. ("ICS"), and, thus, our Telecommunications segment, may differ from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements contained herein due to a variety of important factors, including, without limitation, the following:

•our expectations regarding increased competition, pricing pressures and usage patterns with respect to ICS’s product offerings;
•significant changes in ICS’s competitive environment, including as a result of industry consolidation, and the effect of competition in its markets, including pricing policies;
•its compliance with complex laws and regulations in the U.S. and internationally;
•further changes in the telecommunications industry, including rapid technological, regulatory and pricing changes in its principal markets; and
•an inability of ICS’ suppliers to obtain credit insurance on ICS in determining whether or not to extend credit.

Insurance / Continental Insurance Group Ltd.

Our actual results or other outcomes of Continental Insurance Group Ltd. ("CIG"), the parent operating company of Continental General Insurance Company ("CGI"), which together comprise our Insurance segment, may differ from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements contained herein due to a variety of important factors, including, without limitation, the following:

•our ability to timely collect premiums resulting from impacts of regulations responding to the COVID-19 pandemic;
•our Insurance segment’s ability to maintain statutory capital and maintain or improve their financial strength;
•our Insurance segment’s reserve adequacy, including the effect of changes to accounting or actuarial assumptions or methodologies;
•the accuracy of our Insurance segment’s assumptions and estimates regarding future events and ability to respond effectively to such events, including mortality, morbidity, persistency, expenses, interest rates, tax liability, business mix, frequency of claims, severity of claims, contingent liabilities, investment performance, and other factors related to its business and anticipated results;
•availability, affordability and adequacy of reinsurance and credit risk associated with reinsurance;
•extensive regulation and numerous legal restrictions on our Insurance segment;
•our Insurance segment’s ability to defend itself against litigation, inherent in the insurance business (including class action litigation) and respond to enforcement investigations or regulatory scrutiny;
•the performance of third parties, including distributors and technology service providers, and providers of outsourced services;
•the impact of changes in accounting and reporting standards;
•our Insurance segment’s ability to protect its intellectual property;
•general economic conditions and other factors, including prevailing interest and unemployment rate levels and stock and credit market performance which may affect, among other things, our Insurance segment’s ability to access capital resources and the costs associated therewith, the fair value of our Insurance segment’s investments, which could result in impairments and other-than-temporary impairments, and certain liabilities;
•our Insurance segment’s exposure to any particular sector of the economy or type of asset through concentrations in its investment portfolio;
•the ability to increase sufficiently, and in a timely manner, premiums on in-force long-term care insurance policies and/or reduce in-force benefits, as may be required from time to time in the future (including as a result of our Insurance segment’s failure to obtain any necessary regulatory approvals or unwillingness or inability of policyholders to pay increased premiums);
•other regulatory changes or actions, including those relating to regulation of financial services affecting, among other things, regulation of the sale, underwriting and pricing of products, and minimum capitalization, risk-based capital and statutory reserve requirements for our Insurance segment, and our Insurance segment’s ability to mitigate such requirements;
•our Insurance segment’s ability to effectively implement its business strategy or be successful in the operation of its business;
•our Insurance segment’s ability to retain, attract and motivate qualified employees;
•interruption in telecommunication, information technology and other operational systems, or a failure to maintain the security, confidentiality or privacy of sensitive data residing on such systems;
•medical advances, such as genetic research and diagnostic imaging, and related legislation; and
•the occurrence of natural or man-made disasters or a pandemic.

Life Sciences / Pansend Life Sciences, LLC

Our actual results or other outcomes of Pansend Life Sciences, LLC, and, thus, our Life Sciences segment, may differ from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements contained herein due to a variety of important factors, including, without limitation, the following:

•our Life Sciences segment’s ability to invest in development stage companies;
•our Life Sciences segment’s ability to develop products and treatments related to its portfolio companies;
•medical advances in healthcare and biotechnology; and
•governmental regulation in the healthcare industry.



Spectrum / HC2 Broadcasting Holdings Inc.

Our actual results or other outcomes of HC2 Broadcasting Holdings Inc., and, thus, our Spectrum segment, may differ from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements contained herein due to a variety of important factors, including, without limitation, the following:

•our ability to attract advertisers during the COVID-19 pandemic;
•our Spectrum segment’s ability to integrate our recent and pending broadcasting acquisitions;
•our Spectrum segment’s ability to operate in highly competitive markets and maintain market share;
•our Spectrum segment’s ability to effectively implement its business strategy or be successful in the operation of its business;
•new and growing sources of competition in the broadcasting industry; and
•FCC regulation of the television broadcasting industry.

Other

Our actual results or other outcomes of our Other segment may differ from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements contained herein due to a variety of important factors, including, without limitation, the following:

•our Other segment’s ability to operate in highly competitive markets and maintain market share;
•our Other segment’s ability to effectively implement its business strategy or be successful in the operation of its business; and
•risks associated with our equity method investment that operates in China (i.e., Huawei Marine Systems Co. Limited, a Hong Kong holding company with a Chinese operating subsidiary);

We caution the reader that undue reliance should not be placed on any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this document. Neither we nor any of our subsidiaries undertake any duty or responsibility to update any of these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this document or to reflect actual outcomes, except as required by applicable law.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management evaluated, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as amended (the "Exchange Act") as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of September 30, 2020, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective. Disclosure controls and procedures mean our controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in our reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in our reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2020, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.



PART II

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The Company is subject to claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. Such matters are inherently uncertain, and there can be no guarantee that the outcome of any such matter will be decided favorably to the Company or that the resolution of any such matter will not have a material adverse effect upon the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company does not believe that any of such pending claims and legal proceedings will have a material adverse effect on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company records a liability in its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for these matters when a loss is known or considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. The Company reviews these estimates each accounting period as additional information is known and adjusts the loss provision when appropriate. If a matter is both probable to result in a liability and the amounts of loss can be reasonably estimated, the Company estimates and discloses the possible loss or range of loss to the extent necessary for the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements not to be misleading. If the loss is not probable or cannot be reasonably estimated, a liability is not recorded in its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. See Note 16. Commitments and Contingencies to our unaudited financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Other than noted below, there have been no additional material changes to the risk factors included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, filed with the SEC on March 16, 2020.

Risks Related to our Businesses

Our business, operating results and financial condition may be adversely impacted by COVID-19.

We are monitoring and continue to assess the ongoing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our businesses and operations. We operate in a number of industries and geographies that are expected to be impacted materially by the COVID-19 pandemic. The scope of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and its related economic impact on our businesses depends on many factors beyond our control, and the effects are difficult to assess or predict with meaningful precision both generally and specifically as to our businesses. While the full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic may adversely impact our results is uncertain, the adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic may be material to our businesses.

The pandemic has resulted in a widespread health crisis that is adversely affecting the economies and financial markets of many countries. During the COVID-19 pandemic and even after it has subsided, the Company may continue to experience adverse impacts to the Company’s business as a result of the pandemic’s global economic impact, including any recession, economic downturn, government spending cuts, tightening of credit markets or increased unemployment that has occurred or may occur in the future, which could cause its ultimate customers and potential customers to postpone or reduce spending on its products or put downward pressure on prices. In addition, the illness, incapacitation or death due to COVID-19 of any key personnel of our businesses can have a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

Many governments have implemented policies intended to stop or slow the further spread of COVID-19, such as shelter-in-place orders, travel bans, declarations of states of emergency, business closures, manufacturing and other commercial restrictions and closure of schools and non-essential businesses, and these measures may remain in place for a significant period of time.

The Company’s top priority is to protect its employees and their families, and those of the Company’s customers. The Company is taking precautionary measures as directed by health authorities and the local government, including changing operational procedures as necessary, providing additional protective gear and cleaning to protect them, which has resulted and may continue to result in disruptions to and increased costs of the Company’s operations.

Individually and collectively, the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic could adversely impact its business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and liquidity. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic ultimately impacts the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and liquidity may differ from management’s current estimates due to inherent uncertainties regarding the duration and further spread of the outbreak, its severity, actions taken to contain the virus or treat its impact, and how quickly and to what extent normal economic and operating conditions can resume. The extent that the COVID-19 pandemic adversely affects the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and liquidity, it may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in this “Risk Factors” section, such as those relating to the Company’s level of indebtedness, its ability to comply with the financial covenants contained in the agreements that govern the Company’s indebtedness and volatility of the Company’s common stock price.



Our newly reconstituted Board and change in executive management may not result in growth of our business or enhance stockholder value, and our search for a permanent Chief Executive Officer may not be successful.

On May 14, 2020, the Company announced a settlement agreement with MG Capital Management, Ltd. to reconstitute the Board as a result of ongoing engagement with stockholders. On June 11, 2020, the Company announced that the Board had appointed Wayne Barr, Jr. as interim Chief Executive Officer, succeeding Philip A. Falcone. As a result, the Board formed a CEO search committee and is currently conducting a search for the role of Chief Executive Officer. In connection with the change in executive management, the Company announced on July 6, 2020 that the Board had determined to reduce the number of nominees for Director from seven to six. Subsequently, Avram A. Glazer, Wayne Barr, Jr. Kenneth S. Courtis, Warren H. Gfeller, Michael Gorzynski and Shelly C. Lombard were elected to the Board at the 2020 Annual Meeting held on July 30, 2020, representing a significant turnover in the composition of the Board from prior years.

Our executive management team is critical to the overall management of the Company and also plays a key role in maintaining our culture and setting our strategic direction. Recent changes in our executive management and composition of the Board, and any related speculation and uncertainty regarding our future business strategy and direction, may cause or result in: disruption of our business and operations; difficulty recruiting, hiring, motivating and retaining talented and skilled personnel; departures of other members of management; increased stock price volatility; and difficulty in establishing, maintaining or negotiating business or strategic relationships or transactions. Furthermore, the transition to a permanent Chief Executive Officer could be a distraction to our executive management, business operations and customers. The search could also result in significant recruiting and relocation costs. If we fail to successfully and timely attract and appoint a Chief Executive Officer with the appropriate level of expertise, we could experience adverse impacts on our business and results of operations.

Risks Related to the Infrastructure Segment

DBMG is dependent on its workforce to carry out its services. Developments resulting from governmental responses to COVID-19, such as social distancing and shelter-in-place directives, have impacted, and will continue to impact, DBMG’s ability to deploy its workforce in its facilities and project sites efficiently. The nature of DBMG’s business does not permit alternative workforce arrangements in its facilities and project sites such as remote work schemes to be implemented effectively, and as a result of potential workforce disruptions, DBMG may experience delays or suspensions of projects. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, $6.4 million and $15.2 million were incurred. DBMG may also experience disruptions in the supply chain depending on the spread of COVID-19 and related governmental orders. These delays, suspensions, and impacts to supply chain, may negatively impact DBMG’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition. likely will cause the timing of revenue and possibly impact earnings and backlog. Persistent delays, suspensions or cancellations of projects under contract may occur while governments implement policies designed to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. Any such continued loss or suspension of projects under contract may negatively impact the DBMG’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.

Risks Related to the Insurance Segment

Our Insurance segment may incur increased losses under insurance policies that it has written including group life insurance, individual life insurance, and annuities, which may result in increased death claims due to COVID-19 mortality. Our Insurance segment has not written or does not retain any risk for workers’ compensation, short-term disability, general liability, surety, director and officer liability, and employment practices liability which are key insurance liabilities that may be directly impacted by COVID-19.

Our Insurance segment does not actively issue or market new policies, therefore there is no potential disruptions to brokers or agents that would have an impact on operations.

In addition, our insurance segment relies on timely collections of premiums due from our customers. Regulatory requirements applicable to our Insurance segment to extend premium grace periods (e.g., FL Memorandum OIR – 20-04M), potential delays in obtaining rate increase approvals for the long-term care liabilities, and increased demands for cash surrender values for life and annuity liabilities may negatively impacted our cash flows and result of operations.

75

Risks related to our Life Sciences Segment

Our Life Sciences segment may be adversely disrupted by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. For example, requirements to implement COVID-19 operational measures at clinical trial sites may result in clinical studies in some locations being delayed. Such delays may slow progress towards regulatory clearances and approval of our products in the U.S. and globally. In addition, stay-in-place orders of governmental authorities have impacted the ability of our employees to continue to conduct research and development activities despite our work-from-home policies. Disruptions in our labor force and in the labor force of our suppliers may also lead to delays in our manufacturing scale up, which in turn could result in delays in our product launch plans and ultimate customer adoption of our products. In the event that we are unable to achieve anticipated regulatory clearances or commence certain clinical trials in a timely manner due to the ongoing pandemic, we could fail to achieve the final milestones under our stock purchase agreements with Hangzhou Huasheng Investment Management Co., Ltd. (“Hangzhou”) which in turn could result in Hangzhou determining not to purchase the final $10.0 million of preferred stock for R2, and not to purchase the final $15.0 million of preferred stock for MediBeacon, and our inability to continue our operations.

The ultimate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the business operations of our Life Science segment is highly uncertain and subject to change and will depend on future developments, which cannot be accurately predicted, including the duration of the pandemic, additional or modified government actions, new information that will emerge concerning the severity and impact of COVID-19 and the actions taken to contain or address its impact in the short and long term, among others.

Risks related to our Spectrum Segment

Our Spectrum segment has been, and may continue to be, impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic in numerous ways. Spectrum is dependent on advertising revenue, and numerous advertisers have reduced or suspended their purchase of television advertising time, primarily due to the cessation of local consumer business activity mandated by state governors. Many of the top industries that are heavy television advertisers have suffered from these business shut downs, including the significant industry sectors relating to travel, entertainment and theme parks, auto sales, all consumer retail, casual dining and quick serve restaurants. We may also be indirectly impacted by the slow-down in television advertising by our spectrum lease clients. These clients pay us lease fees to air their programming on our television stations, and many of them rely on advertising revenue from those television stations to pay such spectrum lease fees. Losses in our clients’ advertising revenue could expose us to consequential loss of broadcast station revenue.

In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has slowed down our ability to build out our additional television stations. Illness, social distancing, and other pandemic-related precautions have resulted in equipment delivery delays and labor shortages, including the availability of tower crews, an already limited, highly-specialized and thinly-stretched work force necessary to install our broadcast antennas and related equipment. We depend on operational stations for our revenue, and delays in completing our station builds will directly result in delays in monetizing those stations.

Our ability to refinance our short term debt may be compromised to the extent COVID-19 disrupts our access to the high-yield debt markets.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities

None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

Not applicable.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

(a) Exhibits

Please note that the agreements included as exhibits to this Form 10-Q are included to provide information regarding their terms and are not intended to provide any other factual or disclosure information about HC2 Holdings, Inc. or the other parties to the agreements. The agreements contain representations and warranties by each of the parties to the applicable agreement that have been made solely for the benefit of the other parties to the applicable agreement and may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date they were made or at any other time.
76

Exhibit
Number 		Description
4.1
4.2
4.3
10.1
10.2
10.3
31.1
31.2
32.1*
101
The following materials from the registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, formatted in extensible business reporting language (XBRL); (i) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, (v) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, and (vi) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (filed herewith).
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).
* These certifications are being "furnished" and will not be deemed "filed" for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section. Such certifications will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, except to the extent that the registrant specifically incorporates it by reference.
77

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
HC2 Holdings, Inc.
Date: November 9, 2020 By: /S/ Michael J. Sena
Michael J. Sena
Chief Financial Officer
(Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
78

Exhibit 4.1
FIRST SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE
FIRST SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE (this “Supplemental Indenture”), dated as of August 19, 2020, between HC2 Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee under the Indenture referred to below (the “Trustee”).
W I T N E S S E T H
WHEREAS, the Company has heretofore executed and delivered to the Trustee an indenture (the “Indenture”), dated as of November 20, 2018 providing for the issuance of 7.5% Convertible Senior Notes due 2022 (the “Notes”);
WHEREAS, Section 14.01 of the Indenture provides that under certain circumstances the Company may execute and deliver to the Trustee a supplemental indenture to amend the Indenture without the consent of the Holders;
WHEREAS, Section 14.01(11) of the Indenture provides that the Company may enter into a supplemental indenture for the purpose of conforming the provisions of the Indenture to the “Description of Notes” section in the Offering Memorandum (and the Trustee may conclusively rely on an Officer’s Certificate from the Company for such purpose); and
WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 14.03 of the Indenture, the Trustee has received an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel from the Company and is authorized to execute and deliver this Supplemental Indenture.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Trustee covenant and agree for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the Notes as follows:
1.Capitalized Terms. Capitalized terms used herein without definition shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.
2.Amendments. The definition of “Significant Subsidiary” set forth in Article I of the Indenture is hereby amended to replace the reference therein to “Article I, Rule 1-02(w)(2) or (3) of Regulation S-X” with “Article I, Rule 1-02(w)(1) or (2) of Regulation S-X” in order to conform such provision to the “Description of Notes” section of the Offering Memorandum.
3.No Recourse Against Others. An incorporator, director, officer, employee, Affiliate or stockholder of the Company, solely by reason of this status, shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company under the Notes, the Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of such obligations or their creation. By accepting a Note, each Holder waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for the issue of the Notes.

1922698.02A-NYCSR03A - MSW

4.NEW YORK LAW TO GOVERN. THIS SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE, AND ANY CLAIM, CONTROVERSY OR DISPUTE ARISING UNDER OR RELATED TO THIS SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE, SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.
5.Counterparts. The parties may sign any number of copies of this Supplemental Indenture. Each signed copy shall be an original, but all of them together represent the same agreement.
6.Effect of Headings. The Section headings herein are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.
7.THE TRUSTEE. The Trustee shall not be responsible in any manner whatsoever for or in respect of the validity or sufficiency of this Supplemental Indenture or for or in respect of the recitals contained herein, all of which recitals are made solely by the Company.
* * *
2



IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Supplemental Indenture to be duly executed and attested, all as of the date first above written.

HC2 Holdings, Inc.
By:    /s/ Michael J. Sena            
    Name:    Michael J. Sena
    Title:    Chief Financial Officer


[Signature Page to First Supplemental Indenture]


U.S. Bank National Association
By:    /s/ Richard Prokosch            
    Name:    Richard Prokosch
    Title:    Vice President

[Signature Page to First Supplemental Indenture]


Exhibit 10.3
THIRD OMNIBUS AMENDMENT TO SECURED NOTES
AND SECOND AMENDMENT TO INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT
This THIRD OMNIBUS AMENDMENT TO SECURED NOTES AND SECOND AMENDMENT TO INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT (this “Amendment”), is entered into as of September 25, 2020, by and among HC2 STATION GROUP, INC., HC2 LPTV HOLDINGS, INC., HC2 BROADCASTING INC., HC2 NETWORK INC. (collectively, the “Subsidiary Borrowers”), HC2 BROADCASTING INTERMEDIATE HOLDINGS INC. (the “Intermediate Parent”), HC2 BROADCASTING HOLDINGS INC. (the “Parent Borrower” and, together with the Intermediate Parent and the Subsidiary Borrowers, the “Borrowers” and each, a “Borrower”), MSD PCOF PARTNERS XVIII, LLC (“MSD”), GREAT AMERICAN LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY (“GALIC”), and GREAT AMERICAN INSURANCE COMPANY (“GAIC”, and together with GALIC, “Great American”, and Great American together with MSD, the “Lenders”).
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS, pursuant to that certain Secured Note dated as of October 24, 2019 (the “MSD Secured Note”; the MSD Secured Note as amended by the Consent and First Amendment to Secured Note dated December 19, 2019, the First Omnibus Amendment to Secured Notes and Intercreditor Agreement dated February 21, 2020, the Consent dated August 17, 2020, the Consent dated August 31, 2020, the Consent to Asset Sale dated August 31, 2020, the Second Omnibus Amendment to Secured Notes dated August 31, 2020, and by this Amendment, the “Amended MSD Secured Note”), by and among the Borrowers and MSD, MSD made a Loan to the Borrowers pursuant to the terms and conditions thereof;
WHEREAS, pursuant to that certain Amended and Restated Secured Note dated as of October 24, 2019 (the “GA Secured Note”; the GA Secured Note as amended by the First Omnibus Amendment to Secured Notes and Intercreditor Agreement dated February 21, 2020, the Consent to Asset Sale dated August 31, 2020, the Second Omnibus Amendment to Secured Notes dated August 31, 2020, and this Amendment, the “Amended GA Secured Note”), by and among the Borrowers and Great American, Great American made a Loan to the Borrowers pursuant to the terms and conditions thereof;
WHEREAS, the relative rights and priorities of the security interests granted to the Lenders under the MSD Secured Note and the GA Secured Note are governed by the terms of that certain Intercreditor Agreement dated as of October 24, 2019 (the “Intercreditor Agreement”; the Intercreditor Agreement as amended by the First Omnibus Amendment to Secured Notes and Intercreditor Agreement dated February 21, 2020 and this Amendment, the “Amended Intercreditor Agreement”), by and among the Borrowers, MSD, and Great American;
WHEREAS, initially capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the MSD Secured Note;
WHEREAS, the Borrowers have requested and MSD has agreed that the principal amount under the MSD Secured Note be increased by an additional $4,000,000; and


WHEREAS, the Borrowers have requested that the Lenders amend each of the MSD Secured Note, the GA Secured Note, and the Intercreditor Agreement that such Person is a party to in certain respects, and the Lenders are willing to do so, on the terms and subject to the conditions specified herein.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the mutual covenants herein contained, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, each of the parties hereto hereby agrees as follows.
1.Amendments to MSD Secured Note. Subject to the satisfaction of the conditions precedent to the Amendment Effective Date set forth in Section 4 below, the MSD Secured Note is amended as follows:
(a)The header on the first page of the MSD Secured Note is hereby amended by replacing the reference to “$39,296,568” appearing therein with “$43,296,568”.
(b)The preamble to the MSD Secured Note is hereby amended by replacing the reference to “Thirty Nine Million Two Hundred and Ninety Six Thousand Five Hundred and Sixty Eight Dollars ($39,296,568)” appearing therein with “Forty Three Million Two Hundred and Ninety Six Thousand Five Hundred and Sixty Eight Dollars ($43,296,568)”.
(c)Section 1 of the MSD Secured Note is hereby amended by adding the following new defined terms in the proper alphabetical order:
“Second Additional Principal Amount” means $4,000,000.
“Third Omnibus Amendment” means that certain Third Omnibus Amendment to Secured Notes and Second Amendment to Intercreditor Agreement dated September 25, 2020 among the Borrowers, the Lender, and the Initial Lenders.
“Third Omnibus Amendment Effective Date” means the Amendment Effective Date, as defined in the Third Omnibus Amendment.
(d)Section 2.1 of the MSD Secured Note is hereby amended in its entirety as follows:
2.1    Disbursement. The Initial Principal Amount of this Note will be disbursed on the Closing Date to be used in accordance with Section 7.1(l). The Additional Principal Amount of this Note will be disbursed on the First Omnibus Amendment Effective Date to be used in accordance with Section 7.1(l). The Second Additional Principal Amount of this Note will be disbursed on the Third Omnibus Amendment Effective Date to be used in accordance with Section 7.1(l). The Borrowers shall not have the right to redraw any amount prepaid or repaid hereunder.
(e)Section 3.6 of the MSD Secured Note is hereby amended in its entirety as follows:
-2-


    3.6    Exit Fee. As consideration for the agreements of the Lender under the Secured Note, the Borrowers agree to pay to the Lender an exit fee (the “Exit Fee”) in an amount equal to 3.80% of the aggregate principal amount of this Note on the Third Omnibus Amendment Effective Date, including accrued and capitalized interest earned through the Exit Fee Payment Date (as defined below), which Exit Fee shall be earned in full on the Third Omnibus Amendment Effective Date and due and payable on the earliest to occur (such earliest date, the “Exit Fee Payment Date”) of (a) the Maturity Date and (b) the date on which all the Obligations are repaid, prepaid or required to be repaid or prepaid in full in cash (whether by scheduled maturity, voluntary prepayment, required prepayment, acceleration, demand, or otherwise). For the avoidance of doubt, the Exit Fee shall replace in full, and without any duplication of, the Exit Fee as defined under this Agreement and in existence immediately prior to the Third Omnibus Amendment Effective Date.
(f)Section 7.1(l) of the MSD Secured Note is hereby amended in its entirety as follows:
(l)    (a) use the net proceeds of the Initial Principal Amount to repay in full, in cash, all non-contingent obligations under the Arena Notes and the MBI Secured Note on the Closing Date; (b) use the net proceeds of the Additional Principal Amount to repay in full, in cash, all non-contingent obligations under the Mako Note by no later than the first Business Day following the First Omnibus Amendment Effective Date provided for the avoidance of doubt that upon such repayment the Mako Note shall be terminated and any reinstatement or reissuance thereof shall not constitute Permitted Indebtedness hereunder; (c) use the net proceeds of the Second Additional Principal Amount solely in connection with the transactions listed on Schedule 7.1(l); and (d) use the net proceeds of this Note to pay fees, costs and expenses related to the Note Documents, including interest and principal payments, to pay the cash consideration for acquisitions, including fees, costs and expenses related to such acquisitions, and for general corporate purposes not in contravention of any Law or any Note Document.
(g)Annex I to the MSD Secured Note is hereby amended by replacing the reference to “$39,296,568”.” appearing therein with “$43,296,568”.
(h)The MSD Secured Note is hereby amended by adding the new Schedule 7.1(l) attached hereto as Exhibit A.
2.Amendment to GA Secured Note. Subject to the satisfaction of the conditions precedent to the Amendment Effective Date set forth in Section 4 below, the GA Secured Note is hereby amended by replacing each reference to “$39,296,568” appearing in Section 1.65 and Section 1.77 therein with “$43,296,568”.
-3-


3.Amendment to Intercreditor Agreement. Subject to the satisfaction of the conditions precedent to the Amendment Effective Date set forth in Section 4 below, the Intercreditor Agreement is hereby amended by replacing the reference to “$39,296,568” appearing the definition of “MSD Agreement Cap” in Section 1.01 therein with “$43,296,568”.
4.Conditions to Effectiveness. This Amendment shall be effective as of the date when all of the following conditions have been satisfied (such date the “Amendment Effective Date”):
(a)    the Lenders shall have received a copy of this Amendment duly executed by each Borrower;
(b)    the Lenders shall have received a certificate from an authorized officer of the Parent Borrower in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Lenders certifying that the execution and performance of this Amendment by the Borrowers is not materially adverse to the Holders (as defined in the Preferred Equity Agreement) in accordance with Section 7.01(v) of the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Designation of Series A Fixed Rate Preferred Stock of HC2 Broadcasting Holdings Inc. dated as of August 31, 2020;
(d)    Borrowers shall have paid all fees costs and expenses due and payable as of the date hereof under the MSD Secured Note and the GA Secured Note, including without limitation all attorney’s fees and expenses incurred by the Lenders; and
(e)    the representations and warranties set forth in Section 5 hereof shall be true and correct as of the date hereof.
5.Representations and Warranties of the Borrowers. Each Borrower hereby represents and warrants to the Lenders as follows:
(a)the execution and delivery of this Amendment, and the performance of the Amended MSD Secured Note, the Amended GA Secured Note, and the Amended Intercreditor Agreement (i) have been duly authorized by all proper and necessary action of the board of directors of such Borrower; and (ii) do not and will not conflict with (x) any material provision of Law or regulatory requirements to which such Borrower is subject, or (y) any charter, bylaw, stock provision, partnership agreement or other document pertaining to the organization, power or authority of such Borrower;
(b)there is no material outstanding decree, decision, judgment or order that has been issued by any court, Governmental Authority, agency or arbitration authority against such Borrower or its FCC Licenses;
(c)(x) no Borrower is in default under or with respect to any Contractual Obligation of such Borrower that could, either individually or in the aggregate reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change; or (y) no consent or approval of any public authority or any other third party is required as a condition to the validity of this Amendment;
-4-


(d)each of this Amendment, the Amended MSD Secured Note, the Amended GA Secured Note, the Amended Intercreditor Agreement, each Note Document (as defined in the Amended MSD Secured Note), and each Note Document (as defined in the Amended GA Secured Note) is the valid and legally binding obligation of such Borrower, enforceable against such Borrower in accordance with its respective terms;
(e)the representations and warranties contained in Section 7.3 of the Amended MSD Secured Note and in Section 7.3 of the Amended GA Secured Note are true, correct and complete in all material respects (except that such materiality qualifier shall not be applicable to any representations and warranties that already are qualified or modified by materiality in the text thereof) on and as of the date of this Amendment (except to the extent that such representations and warranties relate solely to an earlier date, in which case such representations and warranties shall be true and correct in all material respects (except that such materiality qualifier shall not be applicable to any representations and warranties that already are qualified or modified by materiality in the text thereof) as of such earlier date); and
(f)no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.
6.Further Assurances. At any time upon the reasonable request of any Lender, each Borrower shall promptly execute and deliver to the Lenders any additional documents as such Lender shall reasonably request pursuant to the Amended MSD Secured Note and the other Note Documents (as defined in the Amended MSD Secured Note) or the Amended GA Secured Note and the other Note Documents (as defined in the Amended GA Secured Note), in each case in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Lenders.
7.Governing Law; Submission to Jurisdiction; Venue; Waiver of Jury Trial. THIS AMENDMENT SHALL BE SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS REGARDING GOVERNING LAW, SUBMISSION TO JURISDICTION, VENUE, AND WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL SET FORTH IN SECTION 11 OF THE AMENDED SECURED NOTE, AND SUCH PROVISIONS ARE INCORPORATED HEREIN BY THIS REFERENCE, MUTATIS MUTANDIS.
8.Binding Effect. This Amendment shall be binding upon the Borrowers and shall inure to the benefit of the Lenders, together with their respective successors and permitted assigns.
9.Effect on Note Documents.
(a)The terms and provisions set forth in this Amendment shall modify and supersede all inconsistent terms and provisions of the MSD Secured Note, the GA Secured Note, and the Intercreditor Agreement, and shall not be deemed to be a consent to or a modification or amendment of any other term or condition of the MSD Secured Note, the GA Secured Note, or the Intercreditor Agreement. Except as expressly modified and superseded by this Amendment, the terms and provisions of the MSD Secured Note and each of the other Note Documents (as defined in the MSD Secured Note), the GA Secured Note and each of the other Note Documents (as defined in the GA Secured Note), and the Intercreditor Agreement are ratified and confirmed and shall continue in full force and effect.
-5-


(b)Each reference in the MSD Secured Note or any other Note Document (as defined in the MSD Secured Note) to this “Note”, “hereunder”, “herein”, “hereof”, “thereunder”, “therein”, “thereof”, or words of like import referring to the MSD Secured Note shall on and from the date hereof mean and refer to the Amended MSD Secured Note.
(c)Each reference in the GA Secured Note or any other Note Document (as defined in the GA Secured Note) to this “Note”, “hereunder”, “herein”, “hereof”, “thereunder”, “therein”, “thereof”, or words of like import referring to the GA Secured Note shall on and from the date hereof mean and refer to the Amended GA Secured Note.
(d)Each reference in the Intercreditor Agreement to this “Agreement”, “hereunder”, “herein”, “hereof”, “thereunder”, “therein”, “thereof”, or words of like import referring to the Intercreditor Agreement shall on and from the date hereof mean and refer to the Amended Intercreditor Agreement.
10.Miscellaneous
(a)This Amendment is a “Note Document” under both the Amended MSD Secured Note and the Amended GA Secured Note. This Amendment may be executed in any number of counterparts and by different parties on separate counterparts, each of which, when executed and delivered, shall be deemed to be an original, and all of which, taken together, shall constitute but one and the same instrument. Delivery of an executed counterpart of this Amendment by telefacsimile or other electronic image scan transmission (e.g., “PDF” or “tif” via email) shall be equally effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Amendment.
(b)If any term or provision of this Amendment is invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other term or provision of this Amendment or invalidate or render unenforceable such term or provision in any other jurisdiction. Upon such determination that any term or other provision is invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the Parties hereto shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Amendment so as to effect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible in a mutually acceptable manner in order that the transactions contemplated hereby be consummated as originally contemplated to the greatest extent possible.
(c)The headings of the various Sections and subsections herein are for reference only and shall not define, modify, expand or limit any of the terms or provisions hereof.
(d)This Amendment shall be construed without regard to any presumption or rule requiring construction or interpretation against the party drafting an instrument or causing any instrument to be drafted.
[remainder of this page intentionally left blank]


-6-


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Borrowers and the Lenders have caused this Amendment to be duly executed by its authorized officer as of the day and year first above written.
HC2 Broadcasting Holdings Inc.,
as the Parent Borrower

By:       /s/ Ivan P. Minkov                
    Name:    Ivan P. Minkov
    Title:    Chief Financial Officer

HC2 BROADCASTING INTERMEDIATE Holdings Inc.,
as the Intermediate Borrower

By:        /s/ Ivan P. Minkov               
    Name:    Ivan P. Minkov
    Title:    Chief Financial Officer

HC2 STATION GROUP, INC.,
as a Subsidiary Borrower

By:       /s/ Ivan P. Minkov                
    Name:    Ivan P. Minkov
    Title:    Chief Financial Officer

HC2 LPTV HOLDINGS, INC.,
as a Subsidiary Borrower

By:       /s/ Ivan P. Minkov                
    Name:    Ivan P. Minkov
    Title:    Chief Financial Officer



Signature Page to Third Omnibus Amendment


HC2 BROADCASTING INC.,
as a Subsidiary Borrower

By:         /s/ Ivan P. Minkov              
    Name:    Ivan P. Minkov
    Title:    Chief Financial Officer

HC2 NETWORK INC.,
as a Subsidiary Borrower

By:         /s/ Ivan P. Minkov              
    Name:    Ivan P. Minkov
    Title:    Chief Financial Officer


Signature Page to Third Omnibus Amendment

MSD PCOF PARTNERS XVIII, LLC

By:     /s/ Marcello Liguori        
    Name:    Marcello Liguori
    Title:    Vice President


Signature Page to Third Omnibus Amendment

GREAT AMERICAN LIFE INSURANCE                                 COMPANY


By:     /s/ Mark F. Muething        
    Name:    Mark F. Muething
    Title:    President

GREAT AMERICAN INSURANCE                                 COMPANY


By:     /s/ Stephen C. Beraha        
    Name:    Stephen C. Beraha
    Title:    Assistant Vice President
    


Signature Page to Third Omnibus Amendment

Exhibit A
Schedule 7.1(l)
Second Additional Principal Amount: Use of Proceeds
1.Settlement of the Rohde & Schwartz litigation: $1,730,000
2.Contingent consideration due for previous station purchases: $250,000 ($200,000 for KOHC/Sunshine State and $50,000 for WPVN/Polenet)
3.Partial payment of certain other stations vendor accounts payable: $2,020,000
a.American Tower Corporation: $1,758,895
b. Elettronika: $429,739
c. Hitachi Kokusai: $466,661
d.Other station equipment vendors: approximately $500,000




Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATIONS
I, Wayne Barr, Jr., certify that:
1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of HC2 Holdings, Inc.;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Dated: November 9, 2020 By: /s/ Wayne Barr, Jr.
Name: Wayne Barr, Jr.
Title: President and Interim Chief Executive
Officer (Principal Executive Officer)



Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATIONS
I, Michael J. Sena, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of HC2 Holdings, Inc.;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Dated: November 9, 2020 By: /s/ Michael J. Sena
Name: Michael J. Sena
Title: Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)



Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION
Pursuant to Section 906 of the Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted), Wayne Barr, Jr., President and Interim Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) of HC2 Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”), and Michael J. Sena, the Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) of the Company, each hereby certifies that, to the best of his knowledge:
1. The Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2020, to which this Certification is attached as Exhibit 32.1 (the “Periodic Report”), fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and
2. The information contained in the Periodic Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition of the Company at the end of the period covered by the Periodic Report and results of operations of the Company for the period covered by the Periodic Report.
Dated: November 9, 2020
 
/s/ Wayne Barr, Jr. /s/ Michael J. Sena
Wayne Barr, Jr. Michael J. Sena
President and Interim Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer) 		Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)