SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
450 Fifth Street, N.W.
Washington, D. C. 20549
 
FORM 10-SB
 
General Form for Registration of Securities
 
Pursuant to Section 12(b) or (g) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
 
BLUEFIRE ETHANOL FUELS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specific in its charter)
 
Nevada
20-4590982
(State of Incorporation)
(I.R.S. Employer I.D. No.)
 
31 Musick
Irvine, California 92618
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
 
(949) 588-3767
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
Copies to:
Scott D. Olson, Esq.
251 High Drive
Laguna Beach, California 92651
(310) 985-1034
 
Securities to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
 
None
(Title of Class)
 
Securities to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
 
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share
(Title of Class)
 

 
INFORMATION REQUIRED IN REGISTRATION STATEMENT
 
   
Page
Part I
     
Item 1.
Description of Business
3
Item 2.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
11
Item 3.
Description of Property
19
Item 4.
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management
19
Item 5.
Directors, Executive Officers, Promoters and Control Persons
19
Item 6.
Executive Compensation
21
Item 7.
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions
22
Item 8.
Description of Securities
22
     
 
Part II
 
     
Item 1.
Market Price of and Dividends on the Registrant's Common Equity and Related Shareholder Matters
23
Item 2.
Legal Proceedings
24
Item 3.
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants
24
Item 4.
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
24
Item 5.
Indemnification of Directors and Officers
24
     
 
Part F/S
 
     
Item 1.
Financial Statements
F-1
     
 
Part III
 
     
Item 1.
Index to Exhibits
25
Item 2.
Description of Exhibits
25
Signatures
 
25
Exhibits
   
 
1


PART I
 
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
 
Included in this prospectus are "forward-looking" statements, as well as historical information. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot assure you that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements will prove to be correct. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including matters described in the section titled "Risk Factors." Forward-looking statements include those that use forward-looking terminology, such as the words "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "may," "project," "plan," "will," "shall," "should," and similar expressions, including when used in the negative. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable and achievable, these statements involve risks and uncertainties and we cannot assure you that actual results will be consistent with these forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ from these forward-looking statements include the following:
 
o
the availability and adequacy of our cash flow to meet our requirements,
 
o
economic, competitive, demographic, business and other conditions in our local and regional markets,
 
o
changes or developments in laws, regulations or taxes in the ethanol or energy industries,
 
o
actions taken or not taken by third-parties, including our suppliers and competitors, as well as legislative, regulatory, judicial and other governmental authorities,
 
o
competition in the ethanol industry,
 
o
the failure to obtain or loss of any license or permit,
 
o
changes in our business and growth strategy (including our plant building strategy and co-location strategy), capital improvements or development plans,
 
o
the availability of additional capital to support capital improvements and development, and
 
o
other factors discussed under the section entitled "Risk Factors" or elsewhere in this registration statement.
 
All forward-looking statements attributable to us are expressly qualified in their entirety by these and other factors. We undertake no obligation to update or revise these forward-looking statements, whether to reflect events or circumstances after the date initially filed or published, to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events or otherwise.
 
2

 
ITEM I:  DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
 
Company History
 
BlueFire Ethanol Fuels, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Company”), was initially organized as Atlanta Technology Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation, on October 12, 1993. The Company was re-named Docplus.net Corporation on December 31, 1998, and further re-named Sucre Agricultural Corp. and re-domiciled as a Nevada corporation on March 6, 2006. Finally, on May 24, 2006, in anticipation of the reverse merger by which it would acquire BlueFire Ethanol, Inc. (“BlueFire”), a privately held Nevada corporation organized on March 28, 2006, as described below, the Company was re-named to its current name BlueFire Ethanol Fuels, Inc.
 
On June 27, 2006, the Company purchased all 10,000 shares of the issued and outstanding common stock, par value $1.00, of BlueFire in exchange for 17,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001, pursuant to a Stock Purchase Agreement and Plan of Reorganization (“Reverse Merger”). On June 21, 2006, prior to and in anticipation of the Reverse Merger, Sucre Agricultural Corp. (“Sucre”) sold 3,000,000 shares of its common stock to two related investors in a private offering of shares pursuant to Rule 504 for proceeds of $1,000,000. Prior to the Reverse Merger, Sucre was not operational and considered a blank-check company, therefore, all references to the Company’s business and financials throughout this registration statement reflect the operations of BlueFire. BlueFire is the Company’s only wholly owned operating subsidiary.
 
The Company’s shares of common stock began trading under the symbol “BFRE” on the Pink Sheets of the National Quotation Bureau on July 11, 2006. On December 8, 2006, the closing price of the common stock was $3.05 per share.
 
Business of Issuer
 
Principal products or services and their markets

The Company has licensed for use a patented process from Arkenol, Inc. (“Arkenol”) which produces ethanol from cellulose (“Arkenol Technology”) for sale into the transportation fuel market. The Company is the exclusive North America licensee of the Arkenol Technology. The Company has also received, for future consideration, certain ethanol plant related rights, assets, work-product, intellectual property and other know-how on 19 ethanol project opportunities from ARK Energy, Inc., which may be used by the Company to accelerate its deployment of the Arkenol technology. The Company’s goal is to develop and operate high-value carbohydrate-based transportation fuel plants to provide a viable alternative to fossil fuels. These "biorefineries" will convert widely available, inexpensive, organic materials such as agricultural residues, high-content biomass crops, wood residues, and cellulose in municipal solid wastes into ethanol. This versatility enables the Company to consider a wide variety of feedstocks and locations in which to develop facilities to become a low cost producer of ethanol.
 
With Arkenol’s research and development work completed at pilot plants in Southern California and Izumi, Japan in coordination with JGC Corp., a Japanese corporation, patent protections in place, the product markets researched, and plants currently in early stages of development, the Company is positioned to become a leader in the development, ownership and operation of cellulose to ethanol biorefineries.
 
Arkenol Technology

The production of chemicals by fermenting various sugars is a well-accepted science. Its use ranges from producing beverage alcohol and fuel-ethanol to making citric acid and xantham gum for food uses. However, the high price of sugar and the relatively low cost of competing petroleum based fuel has kept the production of chemicals mainly confined to producing ethanol from corn sugar.

3

 
Arkenol has developed proprietary improvements to a well known conversion technology known as concentrated acid hydrolysis such that the process is ready for commercial implementation. These improvements, are: (i) efficient acid recovery and reconcentration; (ii) high sugar concentration at high purity; (iii) the ability to ferment C6 and C5 sugars efficiently with conventional microbes; (iv) the ability to handle silica in biomass feedstocks; and (v) all by-products are usable and marketable.
 
An integrated, full-scale commercial process plant consists of six basic unit operations: (i) Feedstock preparation; (ii) Decrystallization/Hydrolysis Reaction Vessel; (iii) Solids/Liquid Filtration; (iv) Separation of the acid and sugars; (v) Fermentation of the sugars; and (vi) Product purification.
 
Incoming biomass feedstocks are cleaned and ground to reduce the particle size for the process equipment. The pretreated material is then dried to a moisture content consistent with the acid concentration requirements for decrystallization (separation of the cellulose and hemicellulose from the lignin), then hydrolyzed (degrading the chemical bonds of the cellulose) to produce hexose and pentose sugars at the high concentrations necessary for commercial fermentation. Insoluble materials, principally the lignin portion of the biomass input, are separated from the hydrolyzate by filtering and pressing and further processed into fuel or other beneficial uses. The remaining acid-sugar solution is separated into its acid and sugar components by means of an Arkenol-developed technology that uses commercially available ion exchange resins to separate the components without diluting the sugar. The separated sulfuric acid is recirculated and reconcentrated to the level required by the decrystallization and hydrolysis steps. The small quantity of acid left in the sugar solution is neutralized with lime to make hydrated gypsum, CaSO4 · 2H2O, an insoluble precipitate which is readily separated from the sugar solution and which also has beneficial use as an agricultural soil conditioner. At this point the process has produced a clean stream of mixed sugars (both C6 and C5) for fermentation. In an ethanol production plant, naturally-occurring yeast, which Arkenol has been specifically cultured by a proprietary method to ferment the mixed sugar stream, is mixed with nutrients and added to the sugar solution where it efficiently converts both the C6 and C5 sugars to fermentation beer (an ethanol, yeast and water mixture) and carbon dioxide. The yeast culture is separated from the fermentation beer by a centrifuge and returned to the fermentation tanks for reuse. Ethanol is separated from the now clear fermentation beer by conventional distillation technology, dehydrated to 200 proof with conventional molecular sieve technology, and denatured with unleaded gasoline to produce the final fuel-grade ethanol product. The still bottoms, containing principally water and unfermented pentose sugar, is returned to the process for economic water use and for further conversion of the pentose sugars.
 
Simply put, the process separates the biomass into two main constituents: cellulose and hemicellulose (the main building blocks of plant life) and lignin (the "glue" that holds the building blocks together), converts the cellulose and hemicellulose to sugars, ferments them and purifies the fermentation liquids into products.
 
From time to time, BlueFire may enter into agreements to provide professional services with various parties that are interested in developing and building an ethanol plant based on BlueFire’s licensed Arkenol Process. Professional services include work related to project site selection, feedstock selection and contracting, product marketing and sales, site development and engineering design. Such services will be provided by BlueFire on market rates for similar expertise.
 
4

 
Status of Publicly Announced New Products and Services
 
None.
 
Distribution methods of the products or services
 
The Company will utilize existing distribution channels to sell its ethanol into that is produced from its plants. For example, the Company has entered into a Letter of Intent with Petro-Diamond, Inc. (“PDI”) to purchase the ethanol produced from the Company’s first North American biomass-to-ethanol conversion facility to be located at a Southern California landfill. PDI is a significant blender of denatured ethanol into motor fuel in Southern California. Ethanol is currently blended year-round at PDI’s terminal facility located in Long Beach, California.
 
Competitive business conditions and the small business issuer's competitive position in the industry and methods of competition
 
Competition
 
Most of the ethanol supply in the United States is derived from corn and is produced at approximately 106 facilities, ranging in size from 300,000 to 110 million gallons per year, located predominately in the corn belt in the Midwest. According to the Renewable Fuels Association, about 20% of the current production is by the Archer-Daniels-Midland Company, which owns some of the largest plants in the country.
 
Archer-Daniels-Midland Company accounts for approximately 20% of all domestic capacity with more than 1 billion gallons of production. Its larger plants are wet milling, as opposed to dry milling, and each plant produces 150 to 300 million gallons of ethanol per year. These large plants have certain cost advantages and economies of scale.
 
Traditional corn-based production techniques are mature and well entrenched in the marketplace, and the entire industry's infrastructure is geared toward corn as the principal feedstock. However, in the area of biomass-to-ethanol production, there are few companies and no commercial production infrastructure is built. We believe our long-term growth prospects in biomass-to-ethanol depend on our ability to fund and build new bio-refineries. As we continue to advance our biomass technology platform, we are likely to encounter competition for the same technologies from other companies that are also attempting to manufacture ethanol from cellulosic biomass feedstocks.
 
Ethanol production is also expanding internationally. Ethanol produced or processed in certain countries in Central American and the Caribbean region is eligible for tariff reduction or elimination upon importation to the United States under a program known as the Caribbean Basin Initiative. Large ethanol producers, such as Cargill, have expressed interest in building dehydration plants in participating Caribbean Basin countries, such as El Salvador, which would convert ethanol into fuel-grade ethanol for shipment to the United States. Ethanol imported from Caribbean Basin countries may be a less expensive alternative to domestically produced ethanol and may affect our ability to sell our ethanol profitably.
 
5

 
Industry Overview
 
On August 8, 2005, President Bush signed into law the Energy Policy Act of 2005. The Energy Policy Act transformed ethanol from a gasoline additive under the 1990 Clean Air Act to a primary gasoline substitute, which we believe will serve to strengthen and expand the role of ethanol in the U.S. fuel economy. A highlight of the Energy Policy Act is the creation of a 7.5 billion gallon renewable fuel standard (RFS) increasing use of renewable domestic fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel. The newly approved RFS of the Energy Policy Act establishes that a percentage of the U.S. fuel supply will be provided by renewable, domestic fuels such as ethanol. In addition, the Energy Policy Act establishes a 30% tax credit up to $30,000 for the cost of installing clean fuel refueling equipment, such as an E85 ethanol fuel pump.
 
Historically, producers and blenders had a choice of fuel additives to increase the oxygen content of fuels. MTBE (methyl tertiary butyl ether), a petroleum-based additive, was the most popular additive, accounting for up to 75% of the fuel oxygenate market. However, in the United States, ethanol is replacing MTBE as a common fuel additive. While both increase octane and reduce air pollution, MTBE is a presumed carcinogen which contaminates ground water. It has already been banned in California, New York, Illinois and 16 other states. Major oil companies have voluntarily abandoned MTBE and it is scheduled to be phased out under the Energy Policy Act. As MTBE is phased out, we expect demand for ethanol as a fuel additive and fuel extender to rise. A blend of 5.5% or more of ethanol, which does not contaminate ground water like MTBE, effectively complies with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency requirements for reformulated gasoline, which is mandated in most urban areas. We believe there are no economically feasible substitutes for MTBE other than ethanol.
 
Ethanol is a clean, high-octane, high-performance automotive fuel commonly blended in gasoline to extend supplies and reduce emissions. In 2004, according to the American Coalition for Ethanol, 3% of all United States gasoline was blended with some percentage of ethanol. The most common blend is E10, which contains 10% ethanol and 90% gasoline. There is also growing federal government support for E85, which is a blend of 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline.
 
Ethanol is a renewable fuel produced by the fermentation of starches and sugars such as those found in grains and other crops. Ethanol contains 35% oxygen by weight and, when combined with gasoline, it acts as an oxygenate, artificially introducing oxygen into gasoline and raising oxygen concentration in the combustion mixture with air. As a result, the gasoline burns more completely and releases less unburnt hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and other harmful exhaust emissions into the atmosphere. The use of ethanol as an automotive fuel is commonly viewed as a way to reduce harmful automobile exhaust emissions. Ethanol can also be blended with regular unleaded gasoline as an octane booster to provide a mid-grade octane product which is commonly distributed as a premium unleaded gasoline.
 
Studies published by the Renewable Fuel Association indicate that approximately 5.0 billion gallons of ethanol will be consumed this year in the United States and every automobile manufacturer approves and warrants the use of E10. Because the ethanol molecule contains oxygen, it allows an automobile engine to more completely combust fuel, resulting in fewer emissions and improved performance. Fuel ethanol has an octane value of 113 compared to 87 for regular unleaded gasoline. Domestic ethanol consumption has tripled in the last eight years, and consumption increases in some foreign countries, such as Brazil, are even greater in recent years. For instance, 40% of the automobiles in Brazil operate on 100% ethanol, and others use a mixture of 22% ethanol and 78% gasoline. The European Union and Japan also encourage and mandate the increased use of ethanol.
 
6

 
For every barrel of ethanol produced, the American Coalition for Ethanol estimates that 1.2 barrels of petroleum are displaced at the refinery level, and that since 1978, U.S. ethanol production has replaced over 14.0 billion gallons of imported gasoline or crude oil. According to a Mississippi State University Department of Agricultural Economics Staff Report in August 2003, a 10% ethanol blend results in a 25% to 30% reduction in carbon monoxide emissions by making combustion more complete. The same 10% blend lowers carbon dioxide emissions by 6% to 10%.
 
During the last 20 years, ethanol production capacity in the United States has grown from almost nothing to an estimated 3.7 billion gallons per year in 2004. In the United States, ethanol is primarily made from starch crops, principally from the starch fraction of corn. Consequently, the production plants are concentrated in the grain belt of the Midwest, principally in Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska and South Dakota.
 
In the United States, there are two principal commercial applications for ethanol. The first is as a mandatory oxygenate additive to gasoline to comply with clean air regulations. The second is as a voluntary substitute for gasoline - this is a purely economic choice by gasoline retailers who can make higher margins on selling ethanol-blended gasoline, provided ethanol is available in the local market. The U.S. gasoline market is currently approximately 140 billion gallons annually, so the potential market for ethanol (assuming only a 10% blend) is 14 billion gallons per year. Increasingly, motor manufacturers are producing flexible fuel vehicles (particularly sports utility vehicle models) which can run off ethanol blends of up to 85% (known as E85) in order to obtain exemptions from fleet fuel economy quotas. There are now in excess of 5 million flexible fuel vehicles on the road in the United States and automakers will produce several millions per year, offering further potential for significant growth in ethanol demand.
 
Cellulose to Ethanol Production
 
In a recent report, "Outlook For Biomass Ethanol Production Demand," the U.S. Energy Information Administration found that advancements in production technology of ethanol from cellulose could reduce costs and result in production increases of 40% to 160% by 2010. Biomass (cellulosic feedstocks) includes agricultural waste, woody fibrous materials, forestry residues, waste paper, municipal solid waste and most plant material. Like waste starches and sugars, they are often available for relatively low cost, or are even free. However, cellulosic feedstocks are more abundant, global and renewable in nature. These waste streams, which would otherwise be abandoned, land-filled or incinerated, exist in populated metropolitan areas where ethanol prices are higher.
 
In addition to its lower raw material costs, biomass-to-ethanol production has the following advantages over corn-based production:
 
·
biomass allows producers to avoid the pressure on margins created by rises in corn prices,
 
·
a key limitation for ethanol is that there are currently no pipelines available for the transportation of ethanol; this create a competitive advantage for for biomass ethanol because it can be produced locally with a variety of waste products.
 
7

 
·
Biomass allows for immediate proximity to urban ethanol markets reduces freight costs and increases potential margins.
 
·
biomass generates an additional class of valuable co-products which are not derived from corn.
 
·
biomass is more energy efficient than its corn counterpart.
 
·
Biomass ethanol provides significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions compared to petroleum based fuels
 
Sources and availability of raw materials and the names of principal suppliers
 
The main sources of raw cellulose fuel for the Company will be North American landfills. Landfills are mainly owned by large waste disposal companies and by municipalities.
 
Additionally, the U.S. DOE and USDA in its April 2005 report Biomass as Feedstock for a Bioenergy and Bioproducts Industry: The technical Feasibility of a Billion-Ton Annual Supply found that about one billion tons of cellulosic materials from agricultural and forest residues are available to produce more than one-third of the current U.S. demand for transportation fuels. While BlueFire’s deployment begins with the use of cellulosic materials already collected through an existing infrastructure and available for minimum costs, the potential for using agricultural and forest residues provide additional business opportunities for the Technology as issues surrounding the collection, handling and supply of these feedstock are resolved.  
 
Dependence on one or a few major customers
 
Currently, the Company has no dependence on one or a few major customers, although it has entered into a letter of intent with Petro-Diamond, Inc. to be the Company’s sole purchaser of ethanol from its first scheduled plant in Southern California. See “ Distribution methods of the products or services .”
 
Patents, trademarks, licenses, franchises, concessions, royalty agreements or labor contracts
 
On March 1, 2006, the Company entered into a Technology License Agreement with Arkenol, Inc. (“Arkenol”). For the Arkenol technology, Arkenol holds eleven U.S. patents, twenty one foreign patents, and one pending foreign patent. According to the terms of the agreement, the Company was granted an exclusive, non-transferable, North American license to use and to sub-license the Arkenol technology. The Arkenol Technology, converts cellulose and waste materials into ethanol and other high value chemicals. As consideration for the grant of the license, the Company shall make a one time payment of $1,000,000 at first project construction funding and for each plant make the following payments: (1) royalty payment of 4% of the gross sales price for sales by the Company or its sublicensees of all products produced from the use of the Arkenol Technology (2) and a one time license fee of $40.00 per 1,000 gallons of production capacity per plant. According to the terms of the agreement, the Company made a one time exclusivity fee prepayment of $30,000 during the period ended August 31, 2006. As of August 31, 2006, the Company had not incurred any liabilities related to the agreement. All sub-licenses issued by BlueFire will provide for payments of the license fees and royalties due Arkenol.
 
8

 
Need for any government approval of principal products or services
 
BlueFire Ethanol is not subject to any government oversight for its current operations other than for corporate governance and taxes. However, the production facilities that the Company will be constructing will be subject to various federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations, including those relating to the discharge of materials into the air, water and ground, the generation, storage, handling, use, transportation and disposal of hazardous materials, and the health and safety of our employees. In addition, some of these laws and regulations will require our facilities to operate under permits that are subject to renewal or modification. These laws, regulations and permits can often require expensive pollution control equipment or operational changes to limit actual or potential impacts to the environment. A violation of these laws and regulations or permit conditions can result in substantial fines, natural resource damages, criminal sanctions, permit revocations and/or facility shutdowns.

Effect of existing or probable governmental regulations on the business
 
Currently, the federal government encourages the use of ethanol as a component in oxygenated gasoline as a measure to protect the environment as a viable renewable domestic fuel to reduce U.S. dependence on foreign oil.
 
The ethanol industry is heavily dependent on several economic incentives to produce ethanol, including federal ethanol supports. Ethanol sales have been favorably affected by the Clean Air Act amendments of 1990, particularly the Federal Oxygen Program which became effective November 1, 1992. The Federal Oxygen Program requires the sale of oxygenated motor fuels during the winter months in certain major metropolitan areas to reduce carbon monoxide pollution. Ethanol use has increased due to a second Clean Air Act program, the Reformulated Gasoline Program. This program became effective January 1, 1995, and requires the sale of reformulated gasoline in nine major urban areas to reduce pollutants, including those that contribute to ground level ozone, better known as smog. Increasingly stricter EPA regulations are expected to increase the number of metropolitan areas deemed in non-compliance with Clean Air Standards, which could increase the demand for ethanol.
 
On August 8, 2005, President Bush signed the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (H.R. 6) into law. The comprehensive energy legislation includes a nationwide renewable fuels standard (RFS) that will double the use of ethanol and biodiesel by 2012.
 
Under the RFS, a small percentage of our nation's fuel supply will be provided by renewable, domestic fuels. The increased use of renewable fuels will expand U.S. fuel supplies while easing an overburdened refining industry. The Energy Policy Act of 2005 established Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) provisions that mandates use of renewable fuels starting at 4 billion gallons in 2006 and increases to 7.5 billion gallons in 2012. The Act also provides that, beginning in 2013, a minimum of 250 million gallons a year of cellulosic derived ethanol be included in the RFS. Flexibility in meeting RFS is provided for refiners through a credit trading program that allows refiners to use renewable fuels where and when it is most efficient and cost-effective for them to do so. The credit trading program will result in lower costs to refiners and thus, consumers. RFS credits have a lifespan of 12 months. The credit trading program allows for every gallon of cellulose-derived ethanol to be equal to 2.5 gallons of renewable fuel. The reformulated gasoline (RFG) 2.0 wt percentage oxygenate standard under the Clean Air Act is eliminated 270 days after enactment.  (Requirement was lifted by U.S. EPA May 8, 2006).
 
9

 
The Energy Policy Act also provides for grants and loan guarantee programs to incentivize the growth of the cellulosic ethanol market. These programs include a Cellulosic Biomass Ethanol and Municipal Solid Waste Guarantee Program that could provide loan guarantees up to $250,000,000 per qualified project. The U.S. Department of Energy has issued a request for pre-applications under this program with submittal due by December 31, 2006. The Company intends to file a response to the solicitation. The 2005 Energy Act also created a Biorefinery Demonstration Project Program under which $100,000,000 is available to fund up to 3 biorefinery demonstration project. The Company submitted a proposal for funding under this solicitation and has recently been notified that it has been selected to be part of the “short-list” for further review. The U.S. Department of Energy expects to determine successful applicants for the biorefinery grant program by early 2007. As available and as applicable to the business plans of the Company, applications for public funding will be submitted to leverage private capital raised by the Company.
 
The use of ethanol as an oxygenate to blend with fuel to comply with federal mandates also has been aided by federal tax policy. The Energy Tax Act of 1978 exempted ethanol blended gasoline from the federal gas tax as a means of stimulating the development of a domestic ethanol industry and mitigating the country's dependence on foreign oil. As amended, the federal tax exemption currently allows the market price of ethanol to compete with the price of domestic gasoline. The exemption for a 10% ethanol blend is the equivalent of providing a per gallon "equalization" payment that allows blenders to pay more for ethanol than the wholesale price of gasoline and still retain profit margins equal to those received upon the sale of gasoline that is not blended with ethanol. Under current legislation, the federal gasoline tax exemption for a 10% ethanol blend is 5.2 cents per gallon. This exemption was to gradually drop to 5.1 cents per gallon in 2005, however, as of January 1, 2005, this federal tax incentive was be replaced by a new volumetric ethanol excise tax credit discussed below.
 
On October 22, 2004, President Bush signed H.R. 4520, which contained the Volumetric Ethanol Excise Tax Credit ("VEETC") and amended the federal excise tax structure effective as of January 1, 2005. Currently, ethanol-blended fuel is taxed at a lower rate than regular gasoline (13.2 cents on a 10% blend). Under VEETC, the existing ethanol excise tax exemption is eliminated, thereby allowing the full federal excise tax of 18.4 cents per gallon of gasoline to be collected on all gasoline and allocated to the highway trust fund. This would add approximately $1.4 billion to the highway trust fund revenue annually. In place of the current exemption, the bill creates a new volumetric ethanol excise tax credit of 5.1 cents per gallon of ethanol blended. Refiners and gasoline blenders would apply for this credit on the same tax form as before only it would be a credit from general revenue, not the highway trust fund. Based on volume, the VEETC is expected to allow much greater refinery flexibility in blending ethanol.
 
Estimate of the amount spent during each of the last two fiscal years on research and development activities
 
None. The Company has not developed its own proprietary technology but rather is a licensee of the Arkenol Technology.
 
Costs and effects of compliance with environmental laws (federal, state and local)
 
We will be subject to extensive air, water and other environmental regulations and we will have to obtain a number of environmental permits to construct and operate our plants, including, air pollution construction permits, a pollutant discharge elimination system general permit, storm water discharge permits, a water withdrawal permit, and an alcohol fuel producer's permit. In addition, we may have to complete spill prevention control and countermeasures plans.
 
10

 
The production facilities that we will build are subject to oversight activities by the federal, state, and local regulatory agencies. There is always a risk that the federal agencies may enforce certain rules and regulations differently than state environmental administrators. State or federal rules are subject to change, and any such changes could result in greater regulatory burdens on plant operations. We could also be subject to environmental or nuisance claims from adjacent property owners or residents in the area arising from possible foul smells or other air or water discharges from the plant.
 
Number of total employees and number of full time employees
 
We had three (3) full time employees as of December 8, 2006 and no part time employees.
 
Reports to Security Holders
 
As a result of its filing of this Form 10-SB, the Company expects to become subject to the reporting obligations of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). These obligations include filing an annual report under cover of Form 10-KSB, with audited financial statements, unaudited quarterly reports on Form 10-QSB and the requisite proxy statements with regard to annual shareholder meetings. The public may read and copy any materials the Company files with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) at the Commission’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the Commission at 1-800-SEC-0030. The Commission maintains an Internet site (http://www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the Commission.
 
Management’s Discussion and Plan of Operation
 
The following discussion of our Plan of Operation should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes to the financial statements included elsewhere in this registration statement. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that relate to future events or our future financial performance. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These risks and other factors include, among others, those listed under “Forward-Looking Statements” and “Risk Factors” and those included elsewhere in this registration statement.
 
Plan of operation
 
Management plans to raise additional funds through project financings or through future sales of their common stock, until such time as the Company’s revenues are sufficient to meet its cost structure, and ultimately achieve profitable operations. There is no assurance that the Company will be successful in raising additional capital or achieving profitable operations. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of these uncertainties. The Company s will need financing within 12 months to continue its operations.
 
The Company has not developed its own proprietary technology but rather is a licensee of the Arkenol Technology and therefore has benefited from Arkenol’s research and development efforts and cost expenditures. Any additional research and development related to BlueFire’s licensed technology will be the responsibility of Arkenol.
 
11

 
BlueFire’s business will encompass development activities leading to the construction and long-term operation of production facilities. BlueFire is currently in the development-stage of deploying project opportunities for converting cellulose fractions of municipal solid waste and other opportunistic feedstock into ethanol fuels. The Company entered into an Asset Transfer and Acquisition Agreement with ARK Energy, Inc. (“ARK Energy”). Based upon the terms of the agreement, ARK Energy transferred certain rights, assets, work-product, intellectual property and other know-how on 19 project opportunities, that management estimates is worth approximately $16,000,000, which may be used by BlueFire to accelerate its deployment of the Arkenol technology. In consideration, the Company has agreed to pay a performance bonus of up to $16,000,000 when certain milestones are met. These milestones include transferee’s project implementation which would be demonstrated by start of the construction of a facility or completion of financial closing whichever is earlier. The payment is based on ARK Energy’s cost to develop 19 sites which are currently at different stages of development. As of August 31, 2006, the Company had not incurred any liabilities related to the agreement.
 
The Company anticipates beginning construction of a plant within the next six (6) months and expects to complete the project and to begin production of ethanol within the next 24 months. Although the cost of construction is not readily determinable, the Company estimates the cost to be approximately $20 million for the first plant. Management plans to raise additional funds through project financings or through future sales of their common stock to purchase the capital equipment for the plant.
 
BlueFire is in discussions with potential candidates and plans to retain a Chief Financial Officer as soon as possible. Other positions will be filled as need arises and funding is available. Currently, the Company anticipates hiring three to four personnel in the next 12 months.
 
Off-balance sheet arrangements
 
There are no off-balance sheet arrangements.
 
Risk Factors
 
This registration statement contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. These statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “believes,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “may,” “will,” “should,” or “anticipation” or the negative thereof or other variations thereon or comparable terminology. Actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including those set forth below and elsewhere in this Registration Statement. The following risk factors should be considered carefully in addition to the other information in this Registration Statement, before purchasing any of the Company’s securities.
 
Risks Related to Our Business and Industry
 
The Company has had limited operations and revenue and has incurred losses.
 
The Company has had limited operations and has incurred net losses of $343,000 for the period from March 28, 2006 (Inception) through August 31, 2006,. The Company has yet to begin ethanol production or construction of ethanol producing plants. Since the reverse acquisition, we have been engaged in organizational activities, including developing a strategic operating plan, entering into contracts, hiring personnel, developing processing technology, and raising private capital. Accordingly, we have limited relevant operating history upon which an evaluation of our performance and prospects can be made. We are subject to all of the business risks associated with a new enterprise, including, but not limited to, risks of unforeseen capital requirements, failure of market acceptance, failure to establish business relationships and competitive disadvantages as against larger and more established companies.
 
12

 
The Company received a going concern paragraph in the report from its auditors.
 
In their report dated November 9, 2006, the Company’s auditors indicated there was substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Accordingly, unless the we raise additional working capital, construction financing and/or revenues grow to support our business plan, we may be unable to remain in business.
 
The Company will require additional capital.
 
We will need additional funds to continue its operations, to build ethanol production plants, and to distribute and market ethanol. We cannot guarantee that it will have access to these required funds in the future, or that such funds will be available on acceptable terms and conditions. If we are unable to raise additional funds, it will be unable to market its products and may be unable to remain in business. If we are successful in raising funds, we may be required to issue additional equity securities which will dilute the ownership of its current shareholders.
 
Our cellulose-to-ethanol technologies are unproven on a large-scale commercial basis and performance could fail to meet projections, which could have a detrimental effect on the long-term capital appreciation of our stock.
 
While production of ethanol from corn, sugars and starches is a mature technology, newer technologies for production of ethanol from cellulose biomass have not been built at large commercial scales.. The technologies being pursued by us for ethanol production from biomass have not been demonstrated at commercial scale. All of the tests conducted to date by us with respect to our technologies have been performed on limited quantities of feedstocks, and we cannot assure you that the same or similar results could be obtained at competitive costs on a large-scale commercial basis. We have never utilized these technologies under the conditions or in the volumes that will be required to be profitable and cannot predict all of the difficulties that may arise. It is possible that the technologies, when used, may require further research, development, design and testing prior to larger-scale commercialization. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that these technologies will perform successfully on a large-scale commercial basis or that they will be profitable to us.
 
Our business employs licensed Arkenol Technology which may be difficult to protect and may infringe on the intellectual property rights of third parties.
 
We currently license our technology from Arkenol. Arkenol owns eleven U.S. patents, twenty-one foreign patents, and has one foreign patent pending and may file more patent applications in the future. Our success depends, in part, on our ability to use the Arkenol Technology, and for Arkenol to obtain patents, maintain trade secrecy and not infringe the proprietary rights of third parties. We cannot assure you that the patents of others will not have an adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business, that we will develop additional proprietary technology that is patentable or that any patents issued to us or Arkenol will provide us with competitive advantages or will not be challenged by third parties. Further, we cannot assure you that others will not independently develop similar or superior technologies, duplicate elements of the Arkenol Technology or design around it.
 
13


It is possible that we may need to acquire other licenses to, or to contest the validity of, issued or pending patents or claims of third parties. We cannot assure you that any license would be made available to us on acceptable terms, if at all, or that we would prevail in any such contest. In addition, we could incur substantial costs in defending ourselves in suits brought against us for alleged infringement of another party's patents in bringing patent infringement suits against other parties based on our licensed patents.
 
In addition to licensed patent protection, we also rely on trade secrets, proprietary know-how and technology that we seek to protect, in part, by confidentiality agreements with our prospective joint venture partners, employees and consultants. We cannot assure you that these agreements will not be breached, that we will have adequate remedies for any breach, or that our trade secrets and proprietary know-how will not otherwise become known or be independently discovered by others.
 
We are dependent upon Arnie Klann, our Chairman and President, and John Cuzens, our VP Engineering, who we need to succeed.
 
We believe that our continued success will depend to a significant extent upon the efforts and abilities of (i) Arnie Klann, our Chairman and President, due to his contacts in the ethanol and cellulose industries and his overall insight into our business direction, and (ii) John Cuzens, our VP Engineering for his comprehension of the Arkenol Technology. Our failure to retain Mr. Klann or Mr. Cuzens, or to attract and retain additional qualified personnel, could adversely affect our operations. We do not currently carry key-man life insurance on any of our officers. See "Management."
 
Because we are smaller and currently have fewer financial resources than many larger ethanol producers, we may not be able to successfully compete in the very competitive ethanol industry.
 
There is significant competition among ethanol producers. Our business faces competition from larger corn ethanol plants, , and from other proposed plants using cellulose. Our ethanol plants will be in direct competition with other ethanol producers, many of which have greater resources than we currently have. While, BlueFire’s competitive position will come from our projected lower production costs because we are using cheaper feedstock and lower transportation costs because our production facilities will be located closer to the urban markets for ethanol, the large ethanol producers are capable of producing a significantly greater amount of ethanol than we can and expect to produce initially.
 
Competition from large producers of petroleum-based gasoline additives and other competitive products may impact our profitability.
 
Our proposed ethanol plants will also compete with producers of other gasoline additives made from other raw materials having similar octane and oxygenate values as ethanol. The major oil companies have significantly greater resources than we have to develop alternative products and to influence legislation and public perception of ethanol. These other companies also have significant resources to begin production of ethanol should they choose to do so. Ethanol is sold into the gasoline blending market where it competes with other oxygenates and octane components and with gasoline itself. Therefore, ethanol's price is significantly affected by its value to refiners in these markets. Ethanol prices are highly correlated with the price of gasoline and gasoline blending components. The price of corn has very little to do with the price of ethanol. That is why low corn prices do not always indicate low ethanol prices and high corn prices do not always indicate high ethanol prices. Ethanol prices are determined by the supply and demand for ethanol in specific markets.
 
14

 
Our profits are impacted by corn supply.
 
Our ethanol will be produced from cellulose, however currently most ethanol is produced from corn, which is affected by weather, governmental policy, disease and other conditions. A significant increase in the availability of corn and resulting reduction in the price of corn may decrease the price of ethanol and harm our business.
 
If ethanol and gasoline prices drop significantly, we will also be forced to reduce our prices, which potentially may lead to further losses.
 
Prices for ethanol products can vary significantly over time and decreases in price levels could adversely affect our profitability and viability. The price of ethanol has some relation to the price of gasoline. The price of ethanol tends to increase as the price of gasoline increases, and the price of ethanol tends to decrease as the price of gasoline decreases. Any lowering of gasoline prices will likely also lead to lower prices for ethanol and adversely affect our operating results. We cannot assure you that we will be able to sell our ethanol profitably, or at all.
 
Increased ethanol production from cellulose in the United States could increase the demand for feedstocks and the resulting price of feedstocks, reducing our profitability.
 
New ethanol plants that utilize cellulose as their feedstock may be under construction or in the planning stages throughout the United States. This increased ethanol production could increase cellulose demand and prices, resulting in higher production costs and lower profits.
 
Price increases or interruptions in needed energy supplies could cause loss of customers and impair our profitability.
 
Ethanol production requires a constant and consistent supply of energy. If there is any interruption in our supply of energy for whatever reason, such as availability, delivery or mechanical problems, we may be required to halt production. If we halt production for any extended period of time, it will have a material adverse effect on our business. Natural gas and electricity prices have historically fluctuated significantly. We purchase significant amounts of these resources as part of our ethanol production. Increases in the price of natural gas or electricity would harm our business and financial results by increasing our energy costs.
 
Risks Related to Government Regulation and Subsidization
 
Federal regulations concerning tax incentives could expire or change, which could cause an erosion of the current competitive strength of the ethanol industry.
 
Congress currently provides certain federal tax credits for ethanol producers and marketers. The current ethanol industry and our business initially depend on continuation of these credits. The credits have supported a market for ethanol that might disappear without the credits. The credits are scheduled to expire December 31, 2010. These credits may not continue beyond their scheduled expiration date or, if they continue, the incentives may not be at the same level. The revocation or amendment of any one or more of these tax incentives could adversely affect the future use of ethanol in a material way, and we cannot assure investors that any of these tax incentives will be continued. The elimination or reduction of federal tax incentives to the ethanol industry could have a material adverse impact on the industry as a whole. If BlueFire is successful in meeting its target production costs, our business could continue to compete in the market in the event the existing tax incentives are eliminated. If the federal ethanol tax incentives are eliminated or sharply curtailed, we believe that a decreased production from corn could result.
 
15


Lax enforcement of environmental and energy policy regulations may adversely affect demand for ethanol
 
Our success will depend in part on effective enforcement of existing environmental and energy policy regulations. Many of our potential customers are unlikely to switch from the use of conventional fuels unless compliance with applicable regulatory requirements leads, directly or indirectly, to the use of ethanol. Both additional regulation and enforcement of such regulatory provisions are likely to be vigorously opposed by the entities affected by such requirements. If existing emissions-reducing standards are weakened, or if governments are not active and effective in enforcing such standards, our business and results of operations could be adversely affected. Even if the current trend toward more stringent emissions standards continues, we will depend on the ability of ethanol to satisfy these emissions standards more efficiently than other alternative technologies. Certain standards imposed by regulatory programs may limit or preclude the use of our products to comply with environmental or energy requirements. Any decrease in the emission standards or the failure to enforce existing emission standards and other regulations could result in a reduced demand for ethanol. A significant decrease in the demand for ethanol will reduce the price of ethanol, adversely affect our profitability and decrease the value of your stock.
 
Costs of compliance with burdensome or changing environmental and operational safety regulations could cause our focus to be diverted away from our business and our results of operations to suffer
 
Ethanol production involves the emission of various airborne pollutants, including particulate matter, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, volatile organic compounds and sulfur dioxide. The production facilities that we will build will discharge water into the environment. As a result, we are subject to complicated environmental regulations of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and regulations and permitting requirements of the states where our plants are to be located. These regulations are subject to change and such changes may require additional capital expenditures or increased operating costs. Consequently, considerable resources may be required to comply with future environmental regulations. In addition, our ethanol plants could be subject to environmental nuisance or related claims by employees, property owners or residents near the ethanol plants arising from air or water discharges. Ethanol production has been known to produce an odor to which surrounding residents could object. Environmental and public nuisance claims, or tort claims based on emissions, or increased environmental compliance costs could significantly increase our operating costs.
 
Our proposed new ethanol plants will also be subject to federal and state laws regarding occupational safety
 
Risks of substantial compliance costs and liabilities are inherent in ethanol production. We may be subject to costs and liabilities related to worker safety and job related injuries, some of which may be significant. Possible future developments, including stricter safety laws for workers and other individuals, regulations and enforcement policies and claims for personal or property damages resulting from operation of the ethanol plants could reduce the amount of cash that would otherwise be available to further enhance our business.
 
16

 
Risks Related to Our Common Stock
 
Our common stock price has fluctuated considerably and stockholders may not be able to resell their shares at or above the price at which such shares were purchased
 
The market price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly (since July 11, 2006, the day we began trading publicly as BFRE and December 8, 2006, the high and low bid price for our common stock has been $1.30 and $7.25 per share, respectively) in response to factors, including not yet beginning construction of first plant and therefore operational results, due to needing time to organize engineering resources, feedstock sources, locating suitable plant locations, locating distributors and finding funding sources.
 
The stock market in general has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations
 
The market prices of securities of fuel-related companies have experienced fluctuations that often have been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating results of these companies. Continued market fluctuations could result in extreme volatility in the price of our common stock, which could cause a decline in the value of our common stock. Price volatility might be worse if the trading volume of our common stock is low .
 
Because we became public by means of a reverse acquisition with a public shell company,, we may not be able to attract the attention of major brokerage firms for research and support
 
Additional risks may exist since we became public through a "reverse acquisition." Securities analysts of major brokerage firms may not provide us with coverage since there is no incentive to brokerage firms to recommend the purchase of our common stock. We cannot assure you that brokerage firms will want to conduct any secondary offerings on our behalf in the future.
 
Our common stock may be considered "a penny stock" and may be difficult for you to sell
 
The SEC has adopted regulations which generally define "penny stock" to be an equity security that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share or an exercise price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to specific exemptions. The market price of our common stock has been for much of its trading history since July 11, 2006, and may continue to be less than $5.00 per share, and therefore may be designated as a "penny stock" according to SEC rules. This designation requires any broker or dealer selling these securities to disclose certain information concerning the transaction, obtain a written agreement from the purchaser and determine that the purchaser is reasonably suitable to purchase the securities. These rules may restrict the ability of brokers or dealers to sell our common stock and may affect the ability of investors to sell their shares. In addition, since our common stock is currently traded on the NASD's OTC Pink Sheets, investors may find it difficult to obtain accurate quotations of our common stock and may experience a lack of buyers to purchase such stock or a lack of market makers to support the stock price.
 
Failure to achieve and maintain effective internal controls in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 could have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results
 
17


Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports and effectively prevent fraud. If we cannot provide reliable financial reports or prevent fraud, our operating results could be harmed. Commencing December 15, 2007, we will be required to document and test our internal control procedures in order to satisfy the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which requires annual management assessments of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting and a report by our independent registered public accounting firm addressing these assessments. In connection with the audit by our independent accountants of our financial statements for the five month period ended August 31, 2006, they notified us and our board of directors that they had identified significant deficiencies that they considered material weaknesses in our internal controls. The material weaknesses related to the financial reporting process and segregation of duties. Although we intend to augment our internal controls procedures and expand our accounting staff, there is no guarantee that this effort will be adequate.
 
During the course of our testing, we may identify deficiencies which we may not be able to remediate in time to meet the deadline imposed by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act for compliance with the requirements of Section 404. In addition, if we fail to maintain the adequacy of our internal accounting controls, as such standards are modified, supplemented or amended from time to time, we may not be able to ensure that we can conclude on an ongoing basis that we have effective internal controls over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404. Failure to achieve and maintain an effective internal control environment could cause us to face regulatory action and also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, either of which could have an adverse effect on our stock price.
 
Our principal stockholder has significant voting power and may take actions that may not be in the best interest of all other stockholders
 
Our Chairman and President controls approximately 64.6% of our currently outstanding shares of common stock. He may be able to exert significant control over our management and affairs requiring stockholder approval, including approval of significant corporate transactions. This concentration of ownership may expedite approvals of company decisions, or have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control, adversely affect the market price of our common stock, or be in the best interests of all our stockholders.
 
Investors should not anticipate receiving cash dividends on our common stock
 
We have never declared or paid any cash dividends or distributions on our capital stock. We currently intend to retain our future earnings to support operations and to finance expansion and therefore we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future.
 
You could be diluted from the issuance of additional common stock .
 
Presently, we have 21,028,279 shares of common stock outstanding and no shares of preferred stock outstanding. We are authorized to issue up to 100,000,000 shares of common stock and 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock. To the extent of such authorization, our board of directors will have the ability, without seeking shareholder approval, to issue additional shares of common stock or preferred stock in the future for such consideration as the board may consider sufficient. The issuance of additional common stock or preferred stock in the future may reduce your proportionate ownership and voting power.
 
18

 
ITEM 3:  DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTY
 
The Company leases from FR Systems, LLC on a month-to-month basis, approximately 1950 square feet of furnished office space at 31 Musick, Irvine, California 92618, for $3,500 per month.
 
ITEM 4:  SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
 
The following table sets forth the current common stock ownership of (i) each person known by the Company to be the beneficial owner of five percent or more of the Company’s common stock based upon 21,028,279 shares outstanding as of November 17, 2006, (ii) each director of the Company individually and (iii) all officers and directors of the Company as a group.  Each person has sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares of common stock shown, and all ownership is of record and beneficial. No stock options have been issued. The address of each owner who is an officer or director is in care of the Company at 31 Musick, Irvine California 92618.
 
Title of
Class
Name of Beneficial Owner
Number of
shares
Percent of
Class
 
Common
Arnold Klann, President, CEO and Director
13,597,500
64.6%
 
Common
Necitas Sumait, Secretary, VP and Director
1,205,000
5.7%
 
Common
John Cuzens, Treasurer, VP and Director
1,205,000
5.7%
 
Common
Chris Nichols, Director
75,000
*
 
 
All officers and directors as a group (4 persons)
16,082,500
76.4%
 
 
*Less than 1%.

ITEM 5:  DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, PROMOTERS AND CONTROL PERSONS
 
The officers and directors of the Company, their ages and present positions held in the Company are as follows:
 
Name
 
Age
 
Position
 
Officer and
Director Since
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Arnold Klann
 
-55
 
President, CEO and Director
 
June 2006
Necitas Sumait
 
-46
 
Secretary, VP and Director
 
June 2006
John Cuzens
 
-55
 
Treasurer, VP and Director
 
June 2006
Chris Nichols
 
40-
 
Director
 
June 2006
 
The Company’s directors serve in such capacity until the first annual meeting of the Company’s shareholders and until their successors have been elected and qualified. The Company’s officers serve at the discretion of the Company’s Board of Directors, until their death, or until they resign or have been removed from office.
 
There are no agreements or understandings for any director or officer to resign at the request of another person and none of the directors or officers is acting on behalf of or will act at the direction of any other person. The activities of each director and officer are material to the operation of the Company. No other person’s activities are material to the operation of the Company.
 
19

 
Arnold R. Klann - Chairman of the Board / President / Chief Executive Officer
Mr. Klann has been BlueFire’s Chairman of the Board, and President/Chief Executive Officer since its inception in March 2006. Prior to this, he founded and was President of ARK Energy, Inc. and Arkenol, Inc. from January 1989 to present. Mr. Klann has an AA from Lakeland College in Electrical Engineering.
 
John E. Cuzens - Chief Technology Officer / Senior Vice President / Treasurer / Director
Mr. Cuzen has been BlueFire’s Director, CTO and Senior VP since its inception in March 2006. Prior to this, he was Director of Projects Wahlco Inc. . He was with ARK Energy and Arkenol for six years and is the co-inventor on seven of Arkenol's eight U.S. foundation patents for the conversion of cellulosic materials into fermentable sugar products using a modified strong acid hydrolysis process. Mr. Cuzens has a B.S. Chemical Engineering degree from the University of California at Berkeley.
 
Necitas Sumait - Senior Vice President / Secretary / Director
Mrs. Sumait has been BlueFire’s Director and Senior VP since its inception in March 2006. Prior to this, Mrs. Sumait was Vice President of ARK Energy/Arkenol from December 1992 to July 2006. Mrs. Sumait has a MBA in Technological Management from Illinois Institute of Technology and a B.S. in Biology from De Paul University.
 
Chris Nichols - Director
Mr. Nichols is currently the Chairman and President/CEO of Advanced Growing Systems, Inc. Prior to this role he headed Westcap Securities’ Private Client Group as the Senior Vice President in charge of sales and marketing from 2003 to 2006. Mr. Nichols is a graduate of California State University in Fullerton with a B.A. degree in Marketing.
 
Key Consultants
 
William Davis - VP Project Management.
Mr. Davis is currently Vice President of Project Management for BlueFire. Prior to this he was Director of Project Development for Diamond Energy from 2001 to 2006.
 
Kent A. Larsen - VP Project Finance.  
Mr. Larsen is currently Vice President of of Project Finance for BlueFire. Prior to this, Mr. Larsen has been a Vice President of ARK Energy, Inc. and has, for the last thirteen years, provided financial advisory services to and has successfully arranged multi-sourced and comprehensive project and structured financings on behalf of many of the major US and international independent power producers for power projects totaling more than US $5 billion in financing and over 7,000 MW. Mr. Larsen has been a co-founder and senior finance officer of three independent power companies, corporate treasurer of two US based, global engineering and construction companies, and a senior banking officer and managing director for project and international finance at two of the world's largest financial institutions. He holds an MBA-Finance from UCLA Graduate School of Business, and BS degrees in Civil Engineering and Mathematics from the University of Washington.
 
The Company has also entered into consulting agreements with accounting, legal, marketing and investor relations firms. These agreements are fee based and do not include issuance of any stocks. However, the Company may enter into future agreements that may include issuance of restricted stock.
 
20


There are no family relationships among our directors and executive officers.   No director or executive officer has been a director or executive officer of any business which has filed a bankruptcy petition or had a bankruptcy petition filed against it during the past five years. No director or executive officer has been convicted of a criminal offense or is the subject of a pending criminal proceeding during the past five years. No director or executive officer has been the subject of any order, judgment or decree of any court permanently or temporarily enjoining, barring, suspending or otherwise limiting his involvement in any type of business, securities or banking activities during the past five years. No director or officer has been found by a court to have violated a federal or state securities or commodities law during the past five years.
 
None of our directors or executive officers or their respective immediate family members or affiliates are indebted to us.
 
ITEM 6:  EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
 
The following table sets forth the total compensation earned by or paid to our executive officers and directors for the period from the date of organization of Bluefire - March 28, 2006 - until November 30, 2006.

SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE
 
Long Term Compensation
 
 
Annual Compensation
Awards
Payouts
 
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
Name and Principle Position
Year
Salary
($)
Bonus
($)
Other Annual
Compensation
($)
Restricted
Stock
Award(s) ($)
Securities
Underlying
Options/SARs (#)
LTIP
Payouts
($)
All Other
Compensation
($)
Arnie Klann
Director and President
2006
94,167
0
0
0
0
0
0
Necitas Sumait
Director, Secretary and VP
2006
65,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
John Cuzens
Director, Treasurer and VP
2006
62,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
Chris Nichols
Director
2006
2,500
0
0
0
0
0
 

On June 27, 2006, the Company entered into form employment agreements with its three executive officers. The employment agreements are for a period of three years, with prescribed percentage increases beginning in 2007 and can be cancelled upon a written notice by either employee or employer (if certain employee acts of misconduct are committed). The total aggregate annual amount due under the employment agreements is approximately $520,000.
 
21

 
In addition, on June 27, 2006, the Company entered into a Directors agreement with four individuals to join the Company’s board of directors. Under the terms of the agreement the non-employee Director (Chris Nichols) will receive annual compensation in the amount of $5,000 and all Directors receive a one time grant of 5,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. The common shares vest over the period of one year. The value of the common stock granted was determined to be approximately $67,000 based on the estimated fair market value of the Company’s common stock over a reasonable period of time.

ITEM 7:  CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
 
On March 1, 2006, the Company entered into a Technology License agreement with Arkenol, Inc. (“Arkenol”), which the Company’s majority shareholder and other family members hold an interest in. Arkenol has its own management and board separate and apart from the Company. According to the terms of the agreement, the Company was granted an exclusive, non-transferable, North American license to use and to sub-license the Arkenol technology. The Arkenol Technology, converts cellulose and waste materials into Ethanol and other high value chemicals. As consideration for the grant of the license, the Company shall make a one time payment of $1,000,000 at first project construction funding and for each plant make the following payments: (1) royalty payment of 4% of the gross sales price for sales by the Company or its sublicensees of all products produced from the use of the Arkenol Technology (2) and a one time license fee of $40.00 per 1,000 gallons of production capacity per plant. According to the terms of the agreement, the Company made a one time exclusivity fee prepayment of $30,000 during the period ended August 31, 2006.
 
On March 1, 2006, the Company entered into an Asset Transfer and Acquisition Agreement with ARK Energy, Inc. (“ARK Energy”), which is owned (50%) by the Company’s majority shareholder. ARK Energy, Inc. has its own management and board separate and apart from the Company. Based upon the terms of the agreement, ARK Energy transferred certain rights, assets, work-product, intellectual property and other know-how on project opportunities that may be used to deploy the Arkenol technology (as described in the above paragraph). In consideration, the Company has agreed to pay a performance bonus of up to $16,000,000 when certain milestones are met. These milestones include transferee’s project implementation which would be demonstrated by start of the construction of a facility or completion of financial closing which ever is earlier. The payment is based on ARK Energy’s cost to develop 19 sites which are currently at different stages of research.
 
ITEM 8:  DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES
 
The Company is authorized to issue 100,000,000 shares of $0.001 par value common stock, and 1,000,000 shares of no par value preferred stock. Currently, the Company has 21,028,279 shares of common stock outstanding.
 
22

 
Common Stock
 
Presently, the holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders, including the election of directors. Our common shareholders do not have cumulative voting rights. Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any outstanding series of our preferred stock which may be designated in the future, holders of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably such dividends, if any, as may be declared by our Board of Directors out of legally available funds. In the event of the liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of the Company, the holders of our common stock will be entitled to share ratably in the net assets legally available for distribution to our shareholders after the payment of all our debts and other liabilities, subject to the prior rights of any series of our preferred stock then outstanding. The holders of our common stock have no preemptive or conversion rights or other subscription rights and there are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to our common stock.
 
The issuance of additional shares to certain persons allied with our management could have the effect of making it more difficult to remove our current management by diluting the stock ownership or voting rights of persons seeking to cause such removal. In addition, an issuance of additional shares by us could have an effect on the potential realizable value of a shareholder's investment.
 
Preferred Stock
 
Our board of directors has the authority to issue up to 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, no par value per share, in one or more series and to fix the rights, preferences, privileges, qualifications, limitations, and restrictions thereof, and the number of shares constituting any series or the designation of such series without shareholder approval. The existence of unissued preferred stock may enable the board of directors, without further action by the stockholders, to issue such stock to persons friendly to current management or to issue such stock with terms that could render more difficult or discourage an attempt to obtain control of the Company, thereby protecting the continuity of the Company’s management. Our shares of preferred stock could therefore be issued quickly with terms that could delay, defer, or prevent a change in control of the Company, or make removal of management more difficult. No shares of preferred stock are outstanding.
 
PART II
 
ITEM 1.  MARKET PRICE OF AND DIVIDENDS ON THE COMPANY’S COMMON EQUITY AND OTHER SHAREHOLDER MATTERS
 
Market Information
 
The Company’s common stock has traded on the Pink Sheets of the National Quotation Bureau under the symbol BFRE since July 11, 2006. The following table sets forth the high and low sale prices for the Company’s common stock for the periods indicated. The prices below reflect inter-dealer quotations, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commissions and may not represent actual transactions.
 
Quarter ended
 
Low price
 
High price
 
               
September 30, 2006
 
$
1.30
 
$
7.25
 
 
23

 
Holders
 
A total of 21,028,279 shares of the Company’s common stock are currently outstanding held by approximately 731 shareholders of record.
 
Dividends
 
The Company has not paid any dividends since its inception. The Company currently intends to retain any earnings for use in its business, and therefore does not anticipate paying dividends in the foreseeable future.
 
ITEM 2.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
 
The Company is not a party to any litigation and, to its knowledge, no action, suit or proceeding has been threatened against the Company. There are no material proceedings to which any director, officer or affiliate of the Company or security holder is a party adverse to the Company or has a material interest adverse to the Company.
 
ITEM 3.  CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
 
There have been no disagreements on accounting and financial disclosures nor any change in accountants from the inception of the Company through the date of this Registration Statement.
 
ITEM 4.  RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES.
 
In March 2006, upon incorporation BlueFire issued 10,000 shares of $1.00 par value common stock to various individuals. In connection with the reverse acquisition, these individuals received an aggregate of 17,000,000 shares of the Company’s restricted common stock.
 
Prior to the reverse acquisition, Sucre entered into an agreement with two related investors for the sale of 3,000,000 free trading shares of the Sucre’s common stock for gross proceeds of $1,000,000. The previous management of Sucre erroneously issued 4,000,000 shares of the Sucre’s common stock to the investors. To date, the excess shares of 1,000,000 have not been returned to the transfer agent. The Company has demanded the return of the 1,000,000 and is actively pursuing every possible channel to get the shares returned. Since the Company cannot predict the ultimate outcome, the 1,000,000 shares have been accounted for as outstanding and included in the common shares retained by Sucre’s shareholders. These securities were issued exempt from registration pursuant to Rule 504 of Regulation D of the Securities Act of 1933 as amended.

ITEM 5. INDEMNIFICATION OF OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS

The Company’s Articles of Incorporation provide for indemnification of the Company’s officers, directors and controlling persons to the full extent provided by Nevada law. Further, the Articles of Incorporation provide that no director or officer is personally liable to the Company or its shareholders for monetary damages for any breach of fiduciary duty by such person as a director or officer. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, a director or officer is liable to the extent provided by Nevada law, (i) for acts or omissions which involve intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing violation of law, or (ii) for the payment of dividends in violation of Section 78.300 of the Nevada Revised Statutes.
 
24

 
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
F-2
     
Consolidated Balance Sheet as of August 31, 2006
 
F-3
     
Consolidated Statement of Operations from March 28, 2006 (Inception) to August 31, 2006
 
F-4
     
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the period from March 28, 2006 (Inception) to August 31, 2006
 
F-5
     
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the period March 28, 2006 (Inception) to August 31, 2006
 
F-6
     
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 
F-7
     

F-1

 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

November 9, 2006
 
Board of Directors
BlueFire Ethanol Fuels, Inc. and Subsidiary

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of BlueFire Ethanol Fuels, Inc. (formerly Sucre Agricultural Corp.) and subsidiary, BlueFire Ethanol, Inc., a development-stage company, (the “Company”) as of August 31, 2006, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the period from March 28, 2006 (Inception) to August 31, 2006. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall consolidated financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of BlueFire Ethanol Fuels, Inc. and subsidiary, BlueFire Ethanol, Inc., as of August 31, 2006, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the period from March 28, 2006 (Inception) to August 31, 2006, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 2 of the consolidated financial statements, the Company is a development-stage company and has incurred losses from operations and used cash flows in operations. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans regarding these matters are also described in Note 2 of the consolidated financial statements. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

F-2

 
BLUEFIRE ETHANOL FUELS, INC. (FORMERLY SUCRE AGRICULTURAL CORP.) AND SUBSIDIARY
(A DEVELOPMENT-STAGE COMPANY)
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
 
   
August 31, 2006
 
ASSETS
     
       
Current assets-
     
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
425,413
 
         
Prepaid fees to related party (Note 5)
   
30,000
 
Total assets
 
$
455,413
 
         
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
       
         
Current liabilities:
       
Accounts payable
 
$
63,963
 
Accrued liabilities
   
31,000
 
Total liabilities
   
94,963
 
         
Commitments and contingencies (Note 3)
       
         
Stockholders’ equity (Note 4):
       
Preferred stock, no par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding
   
-
 
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 21,028,279 shares issued and outstanding
   
21,028
 
Additional paid-in capital
   
682,422
 
Deficit accumulated during the development-stage
   
(343,000
)
Total stockholders’ equity
   
360,450
 
         
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
 
$
455,413
 

 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

F-3


BLUEFIRE ETHANOL FUELS, INC. (FORMERLY SUCRE AGRICULTURAL CORP.) AND SUBSIDIARY
(A DEVELOPMENT-STAGE COMPANY)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

   
Period from
March 28, 2006
(Inception) to
August 31,
 
   
2006
 
       
Revenues
 
$
-
 
         
Operating expenses:
       
Project development
   
160,806
 
General and administrative
   
184,994
 
Total operating expenses
   
345,800
 
         
Gross profit
   
(345,800
)
         
Other income
   
2,800
 
         
Net loss
 
$
(343,000
)
         
Basic and diluted loss per common shares:
 
$
(0.02
)
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted:
   
18,678,450
 
         

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

F-4


BLUEFIRE ETHANOL FUELS, INC. (FORMERLY SUCRE AGRICULTURAL CORP.)
AND SUBSIDIARY
(A DEVELOPMENT-STAGE COMPANY)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

   
Common Stock
 
Additional
Paid-in
 
Deficit Accumulated During Development
 
Stockholders’
 
   
Shares
 
Amount
 
Capital
 
Stage
 
Equity
 
Balances at March 28, 2006
(Inception)
   
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
Issuance of founder’s shares for
compensation at $0.001 per share
   
17,000,000
   
17,000
   
-
   
-
   
17,000
 
Common shares retained by
Sucre Agricultural Corp. Shareholders
   
4,028,279
   
4,028
   
685,972
   
-
   
690,000
 
Costs associated with the  acquisition of
Sucre Agricultural  Corp.
   
-
   
-
   
(3,550
)
 
-
   
(3,550
)
Net loss
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
(343,000
)
 
(343,000
)
Balances at August 31, 2006
   
21,028,279
 
$
21,028
 
$
682,422
 
$
(343,000
)
$
360,450
 
 
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
F-5

 
BLUEFIRE ETHANOL FUELS, INC. (FORMERLY SUCRE AGRICULTURAL CORP.) AND SUBSIDIARY
(A DEVELOPMENT-STAGE COMPANY)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
 
   
Period from
March 28, 2006
(Inception) to
August 31,
 
   
2006
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
     
Net loss
 
$
(343,000
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
       
Costs associated with acquisition of Sucre Agricultural Corp.
   
(3,550
)
Founders’ shares issued for compensation
   
17,000
 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
       
Long term prepaid
   
(30,000
)
Accounts payable
   
63,963
 
Accrued liabilities
   
31,000
 
Net cash used in operating activities
   
(264,587
)
         
Cash flows from financing activities-
       
Cash received in acquisition of Sucre Agricultural Corp.
   
690,000
 
         
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
   
425,413
 
         
Cash and cash equivalents beginning of period
   
-
 
         
Cash and cash equivalents end of period
 
$
425,413
 
         
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information
       
Cash paid during the period for:
       
Interest
 
$
-
 
Income taxes
 
$
-
 
 
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
F-6

 
BLUEFIRE ETHANOL FUELS, INC. (FORMERLY SUCRE AGRICULTURAL CORP.)
AND SUBSIDIARY
(A DEVELOPMENT-STAGE COMPANY)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
NOTE 1 - ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS

BlueFire Ethanol, Inc. (“BlueFire”) was incorporated in the state of Nevada on March 28, 2006 (“Inception”). BlueFire was established to deploy the commercially ready, patented, and proven process for the profitable conversion of cellulosic waste materials to ethanol (“Arkenol Process Technology”) under a technology license agreement with Arkenol, Inc. (“Arkenol”). BlueFire's use of the Arkenol Process Technology positions it as the only cellulose-to-ethanol company worldwide with demonstrated production of ethanol from urban trash (post-sorted MSW), rice and wheat straws, wood waste and other agricultural residues. The Company’s goal is to develop and operate high-value carbohydrate-based transportation fuel production facilities worldwide. These "biorefineries" will convert widely available, inexpensive, organic materials such as agricultural residues, high-content biomass crops, wood residues, and cellulose from MSW into ethanol.

BlueFire’s business will encompass development activities leading to the construction and long-term operation of production facilities.   BlueFire is currently in the development-stage of deploying project opportunities for converting cellulose fractions of municipal solid waste and other opportunistic feedstock into ethanol fuels. The Company entered into an Asset Transfer and Acquisition Agreement with ARK Energy, Inc. (“ARK Energy”). Based upon the terms of the agreement, ARK Energy transferred certain rights, assets, work-product, intellectual property and other know-how on 19 project opportunities, that management estimates is worth approximately $16,000,000, which may be used by BlueFire to accelerate its deployment of the Arkenol technology.

On June 27, 2006, BlueFire completed a reverse acquisition of Sucre Agricultural Corp (“Sucre”), a Delaware corporation. At the time of acquisition, Sucre had no operations, revenues or liabilities. The only asset possessed by Sucre was $690,000 in cash which was included in the acquisition. Sucre was considered a blank-check company prior to the acquisition. In connection with the acquisition Sucre issued BlueFire 17,000,000 shares of common stock, approximately 85% of the outstanding common stock of Sucre, for all the issued and outstanding BlueFire common stock. The Sucre stockholders retained 4,028,279 shares of Sucre common stock. BlueFire and Sucre will be collectively referred herein to as the “Company”. Immediately prior to the acquisition, Sucre changed its name to BlueFire Ethanol Fuels, Inc.

NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation and Change in Reporting Entity

The acquisition of Sucre Agricultural Corp. by BlueFire Ethanol, Inc., as discussed in Note 1, was accounted for as a reverse acquisition, whereby the assets and liabilities of BlueFire are reported at their historical cost since the entities are under common control immediately after the acquisition in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 141 “Business Combinations” . The assets and liabilities of Sucre, which were not significant, were recorded at fair value on June 27, 2006, the date of the acquisition. No goodwill was recorded in connection with the reverse acquisition since Sucre had no business. The reverse acquisition resulted in a change in the reporting entity of Sucre, for accounting and reporting purposes. Accordingly, the financial statements herein reflect the operations of BlueFire from Inception and Sucre from June 27, 2006, the date of acquisition, through August 31, 2006. The 4,028,279 shares retained by the stockholders of Sucre have been recorded on the date of acquisition of June 27, 2006.

F-7


BLUEFIRE ETHANOL FUELS, INC. (FORMERLY SUCRE AGRICULTURAL CORP.)
AND SUBSIDIARY
(A DEVELOPMENT-STAGE COMPANY)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
Going Concern Considerations

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company is currently a development-stage enterprise. The Company's continued existence is dependent upon the Company's ability to obtain additional debt and/or equity financing. The Company has incurred losses since Inception and, the Company has not generated any revenues from its products. These factors raise substantial doubt about the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern. The Company anticipates beginning construction of a plant within the next 6 months and expects to complete the project and to begin production of ethanol within the next 24 months. Although the cost of construction is not readily determinable, the Company estimates the cost to be approximately $20 million per plant. Management plans to raise additional funds through project financings or through future sales of their common stock, until such time as the Company’s revenues are sufficient to meet its cost structure, and ultimately achieve profitable operations. There is no assurance that the Company will be successful in raising additional capital or achieving profitable operations. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of these uncertainties.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of BlueFire Ethanol Fuels, Inc., and its wholly-owned subsidiary BlueFire Ethanol, Inc. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported periods. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

For purpose of the statement of cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Revenue Recognition

The Company is currently a developmental-stage company and has recognized minimal revenues to date. The Company will recognize revenues from 1) consulting services rendered to potential sub-licensees for development and construction of cellulose to ethanol projects, 2) sales of ethanol from its production facilities when (a) persuasive evidence that an agreement exists; (b) the products have been delivered; (c) the prices are fixed and determinable and not subject to refund or adjustment; and (d) collection of the amounts due is reasonably assured.
 
F-8


BLUEFIRE ETHANOL FUELS, INC. (FORMERLY SUCRE AGRICULTURAL CORP.)
AND SUBSIDIARY
(A DEVELOPMENT-STAGE COMPANY)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
Project Development

Project development costs are expensed as incurred. The costs of materials and equipment that will be acquired or constructed for project development activities, and that have alternative future uses, both in project development, marketing or sales, will be classified as property and equipment and depreciated over their estimated useful lives. To date, project development costs include the development, engineering, and marketing expenses related to the Company’s cellulose fractions of municipal solid waste into ethanol fuels.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with FASB Statement No. 109 “Accounting for Income Taxes.” SFAS No. 109 requires the Company to provide a net deferred tax asset/liability equal to the expected future tax benefit/expense of temporary reporting differences between book and tax accounting methods and any available operating loss or tax credit carry forwards.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The fair value of financial instruments approximated their carrying values at August 31, 2006. The financial instruments consist of cash and accounts payable.

Loss per Common Share

The Company presents basic loss per share (“EPS”) and diluted EPS on the face of the consolidated statement of operations. Basic loss per share is computed as net loss divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur from common shares issuable through stock options, warrants, and other convertible securities. During the period ended August 31, 2006, there were no dilutive instruments outstanding.

Risks and Uncertainties

The Company’s operations are subject to new innovations in product design and function. Significant technical changes can have an adverse effect on product lives. Design and development of new products are important elements to achieve and maintain profitability in the Company’s industry segment.

The Company may be subject to federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations. The Company does not anticipate expenditures to comply with such laws and does not believe that regulations will have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or liquidity. The Company believes that its operations comply, in all material respects, with applicable federal, state, and local environmental laws and regulations
 
F-9


BLUEFIRE ETHANOL FUELS, INC. (FORMERLY SUCRE AGRICULTURAL CORP.)
AND SUBSIDIARY
(A DEVELOPMENT-STAGE COMPANY)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
Concentrations of Credit Risk

The Company, at times, maintains cash balances at certain financial institutions in excess of amounts insured by federal agencies.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment,” which revises SFAS No. 123. SFAS No. 123(R) is effective July 1, 2005 for all calendar year-end companies and requires companies to expense the fair value of employee stock options and other forms of stock-based compensation. This expense will be recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide services in exchange for the award. Currently, the Company does not have any outstanding stock options, and as such the Company does not expect the guidance under SFAS No. 123(R) to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 3 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

On May 1, 2006, the Company began discussions with a certain consultant to negotiate project and operating financing for the Company. As of August 31, 2006, the Company had not finalized the consulting agreement and the consultant did not have any capital funding arrangements. However, the Company has made monthly payments in the amount of $7,500 to Consultant since July of 2006.

On June 27, 2006, the Company entered into employment agreements with three key employees. The employment agreements are for a period of three years, with prescribed percentage increases beginning in 2007 and can be cancelled upon a written notice by either employee or employer (if certain employee acts of misconduct are committed). The total aggregate annual payments under the employment agreements are approximately $520,000.

In addition, on June 27, 2006, the Company entered into an agreement with four individuals to join the Company’s board of directors. Under the terms of the agreement the individuals will receive annual compensation in the amount of $5,000 and a one time grant of 5,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. The common shares vest over the period of one year. The value of the common stock granted was determined to be approximately $67,000 based on the estimated fair market value of the Company’s common stock over a reasonable period of time. The Company is currently expensing the value of the common stock over the vesting period. As of August 31, 2006, the Company amortized $11,000 to general and administrative expenses and included in accrued liabilities as the shares had not been issued.
 
NOTE 4 -STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Founder Shares

In March 2006, upon incorporation BlueFire issued 10,000 shares of $1.00 par value common stock to various individuals. The shares were recorded at their par value of $10,000 and expensed. In connection with the reverse acquisition, as discussed in Note 2, these individuals received an aggregate of 17,000,000 shares of Sucre’s common stock in exchange for their 10,000 shares of BlueFire. At the time of the transaction BlueFire did not have sufficient paid-in capital to reclass the additional par value of the common shares to common stock, thus the Company expensed an additional $7,000. The amounts were recorded as general and administrative expense on the accompanying statement of operations.

F-10


BLUEFIRE ETHANOL FUELS, INC. (FORMERLY SUCRE AGRICULTURAL CORP.)
AND SUBSIDIARY
(A DEVELOPMENT-STAGE COMPANY)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
Acquisition Costs

In connection with the acquisition of Sucre, the Company incurred legal costs of $3,550. The costs have been treated as a reduction of additional paid-in capital.

Financings Prior to Reverse Acquisition

Prior to the reverse acquisition, Sucre entered into an agreement with an investor for the sale of 3,000,000 shares of the Sucre’s common stock for gross proceeds of $1,000,000. The previous management of Sucre erroneously issued 4,000,000 shares of Sucre’s common stock to the investor. To date, the excess shares of 1,000,000 have not been returned to the transfer agent. The Company has demanded the return of the 1,000,000 and is actively pursuing every possible channel to get the shares returned. Since the Company cannot predict the ultimate outcome, the 1,000,000 shares have been accounted for as outstanding and included in the common shares retained by Sucre shareholders.

NOTE 5 -RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

On March 1, 2006, the Company entered into a Technology License agreement with Arkenol, Inc. (“Arkenol”), which the Company’s majority shareholder and other family members hold an interest in. Arkenol has its own management and board separate and apart from the Company. According to the terms of the agreement, the Company was granted an exclusive, non-transferable, North American license to use and to sub-license the Arkenol technology. The Arkenol Technology, converts cellulose and waste materials into Ethanol and other high value chemicals. As consideration for the grant of the license, the Company shall make a one time payment of $1,000,000 at first project construction funding and for each plant make the following payments: (1) royalty payment of 4% of the gross sales price for sales by the Company or its sublicensees of all products produced from the use of the Arkenol Technology (2) and a one time license fee of $40.00 per 1,000 gallons of production capacity per plant. According to the terms of the agreement, the Company made a one time exclusivity fee prepayment of $30,000 during the period ended August 31, 2006. As of August 31, 2006, the amount has been reflected as a long term prepaid asset as the Company does not expect to incur any liabilities under this agreement prior to one year from the balance sheet date. As of August 31, 2006, the Company had not incurred any liabilities related to the agreement.

On March 1, 2006, the Company entered into an Asset Transfer and Acquisition Agreement with ARK Energy, Inc. (“ARK Energy”), which is owned (50%) by the Company’s majority shareholder. ARK Energy, Inc. has its own management and board separate and apart from the Company. Based upon the terms of the agreement, ARK Energy transferred certain rights, assets, work-product, intellectual property and other know-how on project opportunities that may be used to deploy the Arkenol technology (as described in the above paragraph). In consideration, the Company has agreed to pay a performance bonus of up to $16,000,000 when certain milestones are met. These milestones include transferee’s project implementation which would be demonstrated by start of the construction of a facility or completion of financial closing which ever is earlier. The payment is based on ARK Energy’s cost to acquire and develop 19 sites which are currently at different stages of research. As of August 31, 2006, the Company had not incurred any liabilities related to the agreement.

F-11


BLUEFIRE ETHANOL FUELS, INC. (FORMERLY SUCRE AGRICULTURAL CORP.)
AND SUBSIDIARY
(A DEVELOPMENT-STAGE COMPANY)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
NOTE 6 - INCOME TAXES

Income tax reporting primarily relates to the business of the parent company Sucre which experienced a change in ownership on June 27, 2006. A change in ownership requires management to compute the annual limitation under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code. The amount of benefits the Company may receive from the operating loss carry forwards for income tax purposes is further dependent, in part, upon the tax laws in effect, the future earnings of the Company, and other future events, the effects of which cannot be determined.

The Company’s deferred tax assets consist solely of net operating loss carry forwards of approximately $107,000. For federal tax purposes these carry forwards expire in twenty years beginning in 2026 and for the State of California purposes they expire in five years beginning in 2011. A full valuation allowance has been placed on 100% of the Company’s deferred tax assets as it cannot be determined if the assets will be ultimately used. During the period from Inception to August 31, 2006, the Company’s valuation allowance increased by approximately $107,000.

In addition, the Company expects that Sucre is not current in their federal and state income tax filings. The Company has not determined how delinquent the filings are. However, the effect of non filing is not expected to be significant as Sucre has not had active operations for a significant period of time.

F-12

 
PART III
 
ITEMS 1 AND 2.  INDEX TO EXHIBITS AND DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBITS
 
Exhibit No.
Description
2.1
Stock Purchase Agreement and Plan of Reorganization dated May 31, 2006, filed herewith.
3.1 
Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation dated July 2, 2006, filed herewith.
3.2
Amended and Restated Bylaws dated May 27, 2006, filed herewith.
10.1
Form Directors Agreement, filed herewith.
10.2
Form Executive Employment Agreement, filed herewith.
10.3
Arkenol Technology License Agreement, dated March 1, 2006, filed herewith.
10.4
ARK Energy Asset Transfer and Acquisition Agreement, dated March 1, 2006, filed herewith.
21.1  
Subsidiaries, filed herewith.  
 
 
SIGNATURES
 
In accordance with Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on December 8, 2006.
 
 
By:
/s/ Arnold Klann
 
 
 
President, CEO and Director
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities indicated on December 8, 2006.
 
Signature
 
Title
 
 
 
/s/ Arnie Klann  
Arnie Klann, President, CEO and Chairman
   
(Principal Executive Officer)
     
/s/ John Cuzens  
John Cuzens, Treasurer, VP and Director
   
(Principal Financial Officer)
     
/s/ Necitas Sumait  
Necitas Sumait, Secretary, VP and Director
     
     
/s/ Chris Nichols  
Chris Nichols, Director
     
 
25
Exhibit 2.1

STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT
AND PLAN OF REORGANIZATION

BY AND AMONG

SUCRE AGRICULTURAL CORP.

("BUYER"),
 
_____________________
 
THE SHAREHOLDERS OF BLUEFIRE ETHANOL INC.

(“SELLER’),

BLUEFIRE ETHANOL INC.

(“COMPANY”)

AND

TBECK CAPITAL, INC.


 
STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF REORGANIZATION

THIS STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF REORGANIZATION is made and entered into this 31st day of May, 2006, by and among Sucre Agriculatural Corp., a Delaware corporation (hereinafter referred to as “Buyer”), the shareholders of Blue Fire Ethanol, Inc., (collectively the “SELLER”, listed on Exhibit A ), BLUEFIRE ETHANOL INC., a Nevada corporation (hereinafter referred to as the “Company”), and TBeck Capital, Inc.
 
RECITALS:
 
a.    Seller owns all of the 10,000 shares of issued and outstanding common stock, par value $1.00, of the Company (“Company Shares”).

b.    Buyer has authorized capital stock consisting 50,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $.001 (“Buyer Common Stock”), of which 1,053,000 are currently issued and outstanding, however, of which 3,000,000 will be issued and outstanding prior to the Closing (defined below).

c.    Seller is willing to sell to Buyer, and Buyer is willing to purchase from Seller, all of the Company Shares in exchange for Buyer’s issuance of Seventeen Million (17,000.000) shares of Buyer Common Stock to Seller, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein.

d.    Buyer is to have $700,000 in cash assets at the time of Closing for the Company to utilize as working capital moving forward.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the above premises and of the mutual covenants, conditions and agreements set forth herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows:

ARTICLE 1
DEFINITIONS

1.1     Definitions .   In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement, for purposes of this Agreement:

"Affiliate" means, with respect to any Person, any other Person that directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, such first Person.

"Agreement" means this Stock Purchase Agreement and Plan of Reorganization, together with the Schedules and the Exhibits attached hereto, as the same may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.

2

 
“Buyer Balance Sheet Date” means April 30, 2006.  

“Buyer Charter Documents” means the organizational documents and By-laws of Buyer.  

"Closing" means the actual transfer and delivery of the documents transferring the Company Shares to Buyer, the payment of the Purchase Consideration and the exchange and delivery by the parties of the other documents and instruments contemplated by this Agreement.

"Closing Date" means, subject to the provisions of Section 6.1, on or before May 31, 2006. .

“Company Charter Documents” means the organizational documents and By-laws of the Company.

“Company Balance Sheet Date” means April 15 2006 .

“Code” shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
 
“Defensible Title” means such right, title and interest that is (a) evidenced by an instrument or instruments filed of record in accordance with the conveyance and recording laws of the applicable jurisdiction to the extent necessary to prevail against competing claims of bona fide purchasers for value without notice, and (b) subject to Permitted Encumbrances, free and clear of all Liens, claims, infringements, burdens and other defects.

“Dollars” means the lawful currency of the United States of America.

“Environmental Law” means any federal, state, local or foreign statute, code, ordinance, rule, regulation, policy, guideline, permit, consent, approval, license, judgment, order, writ, decree, common law, injunction or other authorization in effect on the date hereof, at the Closing Date, or at a previous time applicable to the operations of the Company: (a) relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of hazardous materials into the natural environment, including into ambient air, soil, sediments, land surface or subsurface, buildings or facilities, surface water, groundwater, publicly-owned treatment works, septic systems or land; (b) relating to the generation, treatment, storage, disposal, use, handling, manufacturing, recycling, transportation or shipment of hazardous materials; (c) relating to occupational health and safety; or (d) otherwise relating to the pollution of the environment, solid waste handling treatment or disposal, operation or reclamation of land, or protection of environmentally sensitive areas.
 
“GAAP” means United States generally accepted accounting principles, consistently applied.
 
"Knowledge" with respect to (i) Seller and the Company means the knowledge of each Seller and the knowledge of each Company's officers and directors listed in Exhibit A , after reasonable inquiry, and (ii) Buyer means the knowledge of the officers and directors of Buyer and TBeck Capital as listed in Exhibit B , after reasonable inquiry.

3

 
“Labor Claims” means any employment and/or social security related claim, whether judicial or administrative, including but not limited to claims for rights, benefits, indemnities or actions that could correspond to the employees pursuant to the Labor Law, Social Security Law, Civil Code, Working Environment and Conditions Law, Housing Policy Law, National Institute for Cooperative Education Law, Feeding Law for Employees, their Regulations, as well as any other legal or contractual provision related to the services performed by the employees. 

"Lien" means any mortgage, deed of trust, pledge, hypothecation, security interest, encumbrance, easement, claim, lien, lease (including any capitalized lease) or charge of any kind, whether voluntarily incurred or arising by operation of law or otherwise, affecting any assets or property, including any agreement to give or grant any of the foregoing, any conditional sale or other title retention agreement and the filing of or agreement to give any financing statement with respect to any assets or property.

"Material Adverse Effect" or "Material Adverse Change" means, when used in connection with any Person, any change or effect (or any development that, insofar as can reasonably be foreseen, is likely to result in any change or effect) that would result in an adverse change in the business, financial condition, operating results, assets, operations or business prospects of such Person, or in a labor disruption or casualty loss or damage to the assets of such Person.

“Permitted Encumbrances” means: (a) Liens for Taxes, assessments or other governmental charges or levies if the same shall not at the particular time in question be due and delinquent or (if foreclosure, distraint, sale or other similar proceedings shall not have been commenced or, if commenced, shall have been stayed) are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and if the Company shall have set aside on its books such reserves (segregated to the extent required by sound accounting practices) as may be required by or consistent with GAAP and, whether reserves are set aside or not, are listed on the applicable Disclosure Schedule; (b) Liens of carriers, warehousemen, mechanics, laborers, materialmen, landlords, vendors, workmen and operators arising by operation of any Companies business; (c) Liens incurred in the ordinary course of business in connection with workers' compensation, unemployment insurance and other social security legislation which would not and will not, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Effect on any Company; (d) Liens incurred in the ordinary course of business to secure the performance of bids, tenders, trade contracts, leases, statutory obligations, surety and appeal bonds, performance and repayment bonds and other obligations of a like nature which would not and will not, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Effect on any Company; (e) Liens, easements, rights-of-way, restrictions, servitudes, permits, conditions, covenants, exceptions, reservations, and other similar encumbrances incurred in the ordinary course of business or existing on property and not materially impairing the value of the assets of any Company, or interfering with the ordinary conduct of the business of any Company, or rights to any of its assets; and (f) any defects, irregularities or deficiencies in title to easements, rights-of-way or other surface use agreements that do not materially adversely affect the value of any asset of any Company by an amount in excess of $10,000 in the aggregate.

4

 
"Person" means an individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, association, trust, unincorporated organization or other entity.

"Purchase Consideration" means the aggregate price to be paid by Buyer for the Company Shares held by Seller, as provided for in Article 2.

“Taxes” means taxes of any kind, levies, or other like assessments, customs, duties, imposts, charges, or fees, including income, gross receipts, ad valorem, value added, excise, real or personal property, asset, sales, use, royalties, license, payroll, transaction, capital, net worth, and franchise taxes, estimated taxes, withholding, employment, Social Security, Workman’s Compensation, utility, severance, production, unemployment compensation, occupation, premium, windfall profits, transfer and gains taxes, and other governmental taxes imposed or payable to any state, local, municipal, or foreign governmental subdivision, or agency thereof, and in each instance such term shall include any interest, penalties, or additions to tax attributable to any such tax, including penalties for failure to file any tax return or report.

ARTICLE 2
PURCHASE AND SALE

2.1       Purchase and Sale . At the Closing on the Closing Date, and upon all of the terms and subject to all of the conditions of this Agreement, each Seller shall sell, assign, convey, transfer and deliver to Buyer, and Buyer shall purchase, all of Sellers' Company Shares, such sale and purchase transactions being collectively referred to herein as the " Purchase ".
 
2.2       Payments on Closing . At the Closing on the Closing Date, Buyer shall, in consideration for good and marketable title to the Company Shares, free and clear of all Liens, charges, encumbrances and restrictions of any kind (other than those imposed pursuant to the terms of this Agreement), issue Seventeen Million Shares of the restricted Buyer Common Stock to Sellers on a pro rata basis of their holdings of Company Stock. The exact breakdown on the 17,000,000 shares is attached as Schedule 3.4 to this Agreement.

2.3.     Buyer Assets . At the time of Closing, Buyer shall have cash assets of $700,000 ($1,00,000 net of $300,000 commissions to be paid as discussed in Section 3.23 herein) to be used as working capital for the Company. Prior to the Closing, Buyer shall have raised the $700,000 (plus $300,000 paid in commissions for this transaction) by a private offering of equity to investors related to TBeck Capital. The offering documents and sample subscription agreement are attached hereto as Exhibit C . The shares sold pursuant to this offering are included in the 3,000,000 shares of issued Buyer Common Stock as Buyer is capitalized prior to the Closing. Buyer warrants that it has filed all necessary state and federal securities law filings in regards to this financing prior to the Closing.

Furthermore, TBeck Capital and Westcap Securities Inc., financial advisers to Buyer, shall agree to raise a minimum of $4,000,000 within 180 days for the date of the Closing, on terms and conditions acceptable to BlueFire Ethanol, as well as $5,000,000 during the fourth quarter of 2007 as institutional financing.

5

 
2.4       Additional Consideration at Closing. Prior to the Closing, Buyer will effect a name change with the Pink Sheets trading organization from Sucre Agricultural, Inc. to Blue Fire Ethanol, Inc., and a ticker symbol change (and CUSIP # change) from SAGR to an available ticker symbol as issued by the NASD.

2.5       The Closing .   The Closing of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall take place at 10:00 a.m., local time on the Closing Date, at the offices of the Company, or at such other time and place as the parties might hereafter mutually agree in writing.

2.6       Deliveries . At the Closing on the Closing Date:

(a)       Seller will deliver to Buyer:

(i)       certificates representing the Company Shares, duly endorsed (or   accompanied by duly executed stock powers);
 
(ii)       a certificate executed by each Seller representing and warranting to Buyer that, except as otherwise stated in such certificate, each of Seller' representations and warranties in this Agreement was accurate in all respects as of the date of this Agreement and is accurate in all material respects as of the Closing Date as if made on the Closing Date, except that representations and warranties that are by their express provisions made as of a specific date need be true and correct only as of such specific date; and

(b)       Buyer will deliver or cause to be delivered to Seller:

(i)       the certificates evidencing the Buyer Company Stock;

(ii)       $700,000 of cash capital available for the working capital needs of the Company;

                                (iii)    
written resignation of the entire board of directors of the Buyer, as well as its officers, with a consent to appoint to the board of directors of the Buyer the appointees of the Seller, which shall include one designee of TBeck Capital Inc. on such board.

                                (iv)    
a certificate executed by Buyer to the effect that, except as otherwise stated in such certificate, each of Buyer's representations and warranties in this Agreement is accurate in all material respects as of the Closing Date as if made on the Closing Date.

2.7       Tax Free Reorganization . The parties intend that the transaction under this Agreement qualify as a tax-free reorganization under Sections 368 and 354 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

6

 
ARTICLE 3
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
SELLER AND THE COMPANY

Seller and the Company, jointly and severally, represent and warrant to Buyer that the statements contained in this Article 3 are true, correct and complete as of the date of this Agreement.

3.1       Organization, Standing and Power . The Company is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Nevada, and is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the nature of its business or the ownership or leasing of its properties makes such qualification necessary, other than in such jurisdictions where the failure to be so qualified to do business or in good standing (individually or in the aggregate) would not have, or would not reasonably be likely to have, a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. The Company has all requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease, and operate its properties and assets and to carry on its business as now conducted. Complete and correct copies of the certificate and articles of incorporation, as amended, and the bylaws, as amended, of the Company as in effect on the date of this Agreement have been previously delivered by Seller to Buyer.

3.2       No Subsidiaries . (a) The Company has no subsidiaries, and does not own, directly or indirectly, any capital stock or other ownership, participation or equity interest in any corporation, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture or other entity , and (b) there are no outstanding contractual obligations or commitments of the Company to acquire or make any investment in any shares of capital stock or other ownership, participation, or equity interest in any corporation, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, or other entity.
 
3.3       Capital Structure .

(a)       As of the date hereof, the authorized capital stock of the Company consists of 10,000 shares of common stock, par value $1.00. At the close of business on April 30, 2006, 10,000 shares of common stock were issued and outstanding (see Schedule 3.4 for shareholder list). No shares of common stock were held by the Company in its treasury. The Company has no outstanding stock options, stock appreciation rights, phantom units, profit participation or similar rights with respect to the Company. No shares of capital stock or other equity or voting securities of the Company are reserved for issuance or are outstanding. All of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and have not been issued in violation of any preemptive rights or in violation of state or federal securities laws, and there are no preemptive rights with respect thereto. No capital stock has been issued by the Company since the Company Balance Sheet Date. Except as set forth above, as of the date hereof there are no outstanding or authorized securities, options, warrants, calls, rights, commitments, preemptive rights, agreements, arrangements, or undertakings of any kind to which the Company is a party, or by which it is bound, obligating the Company to issue, deliver or sell, or cause to be issued, delivered or sold, any shares of capital stock or other equity or voting securities of, or other ownership interests in, the Company or obligating the Company to issue, grant, extend, or enter into any such security, option, warrant, call, right, commitment, agreement, arrangement, or undertaking. There are not as of the date of this Agreement and there will not be at the Closing Date any shareholder agreements, voting trusts or other agreements or understandings to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound relating to the voting of any shares of the capital stock of the Company.

7

 
(b)       The shares of capital stock of the Company held by Seller (the " Company Shares ") constitute all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock or other ownership interests of the Company. Except for the purchase and sale of the Company Shares pursuant to this Agreement, there are no outstanding claims, options, or other rights of any Person to purchase from Seller, and no contracts or commitments providing for the granting of rights to acquire, any of the Company Shares. There are no claims pending or, to the Knowledge of Seller and the Company, threatened, against the Company or any Seller that concern or affect title to the Company Shares, or that seek to compel the issuance of capital stock or other securities of the Company.

(c)       There are no outstanding obligations in connection with the redemption by the Company of any of the previously issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company.

3.4       Title to Company Shares . Each Seller has legal, beneficial, and record title to the Company Shares set forth opposite such Seller's name on Schedule 3.4 , free and clear of any and all Liens, restrictions, options, voting trusts or agreements, proxies, encumbrances, claims or charges of any kind whatsoever (except as set forth in Section 3.3) and are validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable. Seller has or will have at the Closing physical custody of the certificates evidencing all of the Company Shares. At Closing, Buyer will acquire good and defensible title to the Company Shares, free and clear of any and all Liens, restrictions, options, voting trusts, or agreements, proxies, encumbrances, claims or charges of any kind.

3.5       Authorization; Enforceability .

(a)       The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority, to enter into this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby. The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Company. This Agreement has been duly and validly executed and delivered by the Company and constitutes a valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except that (i) such enforcement may be subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, or other similar laws or judicial decisions now or hereafter in effect relating to creditors' rights generally and (ii) the remedy of specific performance and injunctive relief may be subject to equitable defenses and to the discretion of the court before which any proceeding may be brought. The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company do not, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and compliance with the provisions hereof will not, conflict with, or result in any violation of, or default (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both ) under, or give rise to a right of termination, cancellation, or acceleration of or "put" right with respect to any obligation or to loss of a material benefit under, or result in the creation of any Lien on any of the properties or assets of the Company under, any provision of (i) the articles of incorporation or bylaws of the Company, each as amended through the date hereof (the " Company Charter Documents "), (ii) any loan or credit agreement, note, bond, mortgage, indenture, lease, or other agreement, instrument, permit, concession, franchise, or license applicable to the Company or its properties or assets or (iii) subject to governmental filings and other matters referred to in the following sentence, any judgment, order, decree, statute, law, ordinance, rule or regulation, or arbitration award applicable to the Company or its properties or assets, other than in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), any such conflicts, violations, defaults, rights, or Liens that individually or in the aggregate would not have, or would not reasonably be likely to have, a Material Adverse Effect on the Company and would not, or would not reasonably be likely to, materially impair the ability of the Company to perform its obligations hereunder or prevent the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated hereby. No consent, approval, order, or authorization of, or registration, declaration, or filing with, any court, administrative agency, or commission or other governmental authority or agency, domestic or foreign, including local authorities (a " Governmental Authority "), is required by or with respect to the Company in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company or the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby.

8

 
(b)       The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and all of the agreements, documents and instruments required under this Agreement by Seller and the consummation by Seller of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby (including the sale, transfer, assignment, and delivery of the Company Shares), are within the power, legal rights, legal capacity, and authority of Seller. This Agreement is, and the other agreements, documents and instruments required by this Agreement will be, when executed and delivered by Seller, the valid and binding obligations of Seller, enforceable against Seller in accordance with their terms, except as (i) such enforcement may be subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, or other similar laws or judicial decisions now or hereafter in effect relating to creditors' rights generally and (ii) the remedy of specific performance and injunctive relief may be subject to equitable defenses and to the discretion of the court before which any proceeding may be brought.

3.6       Absence of Conflicting Agreements . Neither the execution, delivery, or performance of this Agreement by Seller or the Company, nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby does or will, after the giving of notice, or the lapse of time or both, or otherwise:

(a)       subject to receipt of any necessary third party consents, conflict with, result in a breach of, constitute a default, or give rise to a right of termination under the certificate and articles of incorporation or bylaws of the Company, any federal, state, or local law, statute, ordinance, rule, or regulation applicable to the Company or Seller, or any court or administrative order or process, or any contract, agreement, arrangement, commitment, or plan to which Seller or the Company is a party or by which Seller or the Company is bound;

(b)       result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the Company Shares, or the assets, business, and properties of the Company;

(c)       subject to receipt of any necessary third party consents, terminate, amend, or modify, or give any party the right to terminate, amend, modify, abandon, or refuse to perform any contract, agreement, arrangement, commitment, or plan to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound;

(d)       accelerate or modify, or give any party the right to accelerate or modify, the time within which, or the terms under which, any duties or obligations are to be performed, or any rights or benefits are to be received, under any contract, agreement, arrangement, commitment, or plan to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound; or

(e)       to the Knowledge of Seller and the Company, require the consent, waiver, approval, permit, license, clearance or authorization of, or any declaration or filing with, any court or public agency or other authority. All Parties agree to cooperate fully with each other to have change of control in the Company to be approved by all necessary government authorities.

9

 
3.7       Condition of Properties . To the Knowledge of Seller and the Company, except as may be limited by the ordinary course of business occurring on a day-to-day basis, all properties and assets owned or utilized by the Company are in good operating condition and repair, free from any defects (except such minor defects as do not interfere with the use thereof in the conduct of the normal operations of the Company), ordinary wear and tear excepted, and have been maintained consistent with prudent industry practice. No other assets or properties are needed to permit the Company to carry on its business as conducted during the preceding 12 months and as proposed to be conducted. To the Knowledge of Seller and the Company, all buildings, plants and other structures owned or otherwise utilized by the Company are in good condition and repair, ordinary wear and tear excepted, and have no structural defects or defects (except such minor defects as do not significantly interfere with the use thereof in the conduct of the normal operations of the Company) and are suitable and adequate for the purposes for which they are presently being used.

 
3.8
Contracts .

(a)       Schedule 3.8 is a true, correct and complete list of all contracts of the categories described below (whether written or oral), including all amendments thereto, existing as of the date of this Agreement to which the Company is a party or by which any of the properties, business or assets of the Company is bound or is materially affected (" Material Contracts "):

(i)       any note, agreement, mortgage, indenture, security agreement, and other instrument relating to the borrowing of money or evidence of credit for the deferred purchase price of property, or the direct or indirect guarantee by the Company of any such indebtedness or deferred purchase price in excess of $10,000.00;

(ii)       any lease of real property or material personal property providing for annual payments by the Company under any such lease or group of related leases in excess of $10,000.00;

(iii)       any agreement that has a term of one year or more and/or provides for future payments in excess of $10,000.00 that is not terminable (without penalty) on no more than one month's notice;

(iv)     any management, employment and consulting agreement or other contract for personal services that is not terminated simultaneously with the execution of this Agreement or is not terminable on no more than one month's notice without penalty;

10

 
(v)       any agreement providing for severance pay, collective bargaining agreements, and labor contracts;

(vi)     any surety, performance and maintenance bond in excess of $10,000.00;

(vii)          any plan, contract or arrangement providing for bonuses, pensions, deferred compensation, retirement plan payments, profit sharing, incentive pay, or for any other employee benefit plan;

(viii)          any brokerage or finder's agreement obligating the Company to make a payment thereunder;

(ix)     any agreement that restricts the right of the Company to engage in any place in any line of business;

(x)       any contract, commitment, agreement or arrangement between the Company and any Affiliate thereof;-

(xi)       any contract or agreement relating to the sale, lease or other disposition of any of the properties, business or assets of the Company having a value, individually or in the aggregate, in excess of $10,000.00;

(xii)     any contract, commitment, or agreement that involves commodity or interest rate swaps, floors, caps, collars, futures, options or other similar transactions; and

(xiii)         any obligation currently outstanding affecting any of the properties, business or assets of the Company which requires a single or series of related future expenditures in the aggregate in excess of $10,000.00.

(b)       Seller and the Company have provided Buyer with access to true, correct and complete copies of all written Material Contracts and all amendments, modifications and supplements thereto, and have provided Buyer with accurate descriptions of all oral Material Contracts, including the parties thereto, the value of the goods and services to be provided thereunder, and the financial obligations of the parties thereunder.

11

 
(c)       To the Knowledge of Seller and the Company, as of the date of this Agreement, the Company's relationships are generally satisfactory with its suppliers who are material to the conduct of the Company's business.

(d)       As of the date of this Agreement, the Company does not have outstanding any powers of attorney with any Person.

(e)       Each of the Material Contracts to which the Company is a signatory has been duly executed by the Company, and to the Knowledge of Seller and the Company, as of the date of this Agreement, the Company is not in breach of any Material Contract.

(f)       The Company has performed in all material respects each material term, covenant and condition of each of the Material Contracts to which it is a party or by which it is bound, and, to the Knowledge of Seller and the Company, no material event of default on the part of any other party thereto exists under any of the Material Contracts. The Company is current on all payment obligations under all Material Contracts to which it is a party or by which it is bound.

(g)       To the Knowledge of Seller and the Company, no event has occurred under any of the Material Contracts that would constitute a material default thereunder on the part of any other party thereto.

(h)       Each of the Material Contracts is valid, binding, enforceable, and in full force and effect, unimpaired by any acts or omissions of the Company or its officers, directors, and agents, and constitutes the legal and binding obligation of the Company in accordance with its terms, except that (i) such enforcement may be subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws or judicial decisions now or hereafter in effect relating to creditors' rights generally, and (ii) the remedy of specific performance and injunctive relief may be subject to equitable defenses and to the discretion of the court before which any proceeding therefor may be brought.

3.9       No Default . The Company is not in default, breach or violation (and, to the Knowledge of Seller and the Company, no event has occurred which, with notice or the lapse of time or both, would constitute a default or violation) of any term, condition, or provision of (i) the Company Charter Documents; (ii) any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, license, agreement or other instrument or obligation to which the Company is now a party or by which the Company or any of its properties, business or assets is bound; or (iii) any order, writ, injunction, decree, statute, rule or regulation applicable to the Company, except in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) for defaults or violations which in the aggregate would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company.

3.10         Intellectual Property . The Company owns, or is licensed or otherwise has the right to use, all patents, patent rights, trademarks, trademark rights, trade names, trade name rights, service marks, service mark rights, copyrights, technology, know-how, processes and other proprietary intellectual property rights and computer programs (" Intellectual Property Rights ") which are material to the condition (financial or otherwise) or conduct of the business and operations of the Company. To the Knowledge of Seller and the Company, (i) the use of Intellectual Property Rights by the Company in its current operations does not infringe on the Intellectual Property Rights of any Person, subject to such claims and infringements as do not, in the aggregate, give rise to any liability on the part of the Company which could have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company, and (ii) no Person is, in any manner that could have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company, infringing on any Intellectual Property Right of the Company. No claims are pending or, to the Knowledge of Seller and the Company, threatened that the Company is infringing or otherwise adversely affecting the rights of any Person with regard to any Intellectual Property Right.

12

 
 
3.11
Leases .

(a)       The leases described on Schedule 3.11 constitute all of the lease agreements between the Company and third Persons affecting the Company's real property, material personal property, or relating to the operation of the business of the Company. The Company and Seller have furnished true and complete copies of each of the leases to Buyer, including any and all amendments, supplements or modifications thereto.

(b)       The Company has performed in all material respects each material term, covenant and condition of each of the leases to which it is a party or which is required to be performed by it at or before the date hereof, and no material event of default on the part of the Company and, to the Knowledge of Seller and the Company, on the part of any other party thereto, exists under any lease.

(c)       Each of the leases is legal, valid, binding, enforceable and in full force and effect, unimpaired by any acts or omissions of the Company and constitutes the legal and binding obligation of the Company in accordance with its terms, except (i) such enforcement may be subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws or judicial decisions now or hereafter in effect relating to creditors' rights generally and (ii) the remedy of specific performance and injunctive relief may be subject to equitable defenses and to the discretion of the court before which any proceeding therefore may be brought.

(d)       To the Knowledge of Seller and the Company, there is no law, ordinance, regulation or requirement in existence, including any Environmental Law, as amended, which would require any expenditure to remediate, remedy, remove, modify, or improve any of the real property that is the subject of any lease in order to bring it into compliance therewith.

(e)       There are no leasing commissions or similar payments due, arising out of, resulting from or with respect to any lease which are owed by the Company, except to the extent accrued on the Company Balance Sheet.

(f)       The Company has not assigned, transferred, conveyed, mortgaged, or deeded in trust any interest in the leases.

(g)       The Company has not subordinated its interest under any of the leases to any third party, mortgagee, or otherwise.

13

 
(h)       The Company enjoys peaceful and undisturbed possession under all leases.
 
3.12         Financial Statements . The Company and Seller have provided to Buyer true and complete copies of (i) the unaudited balance sheet of the Company as of December 31,2005, and the related unaudited statements of operations and changes in stockholders' equity for the fiscal year then ended and (ii) the unaudited balance sheet of the Company and the related unaudited statements of operations for the three-month period ended on March 31, 2006 (collectively, the " Financial Statements "). The Financial Statements (i) have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”)(except for certain balance sheet classifications, and certain required reports and all footnote disclosures have been omitted) on a basis consistent throughout the periods covered thereby; (ii) present fairly, in all material respects, the financial condition of the Company as of the dates thereof and the results of its operations for the periods then ended (subject to normal year-end audit adjustments); and (iii) are consistent with the books and records of the Company, which books and records are true, correct and complete in all material respects. As referred to herein, the Company’s Balance Sheet Date shall mean March 31, 2006. The Seller and the Company will take the following steps prior to the Closing Date:

(a)     Execution of an exclusive license from Arkenol Inc. with the Company to deploy the Arkenol cellulose to ethanol technology in North America.

(b)     Execution of an asset transfer agreement of certain assets from Arkenol to the Company with a estimated fair market value of at least $16million.

3.13       Absence of Certain Changes or Events . Since the Company Balance Sheet Date, the Company has conducted its business only in the ordinary course consistent with past practices and there has not been:

(a)    any event, occurrence, circumstance or development that has had, or has been reasonably likely to have, a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Company;

(b)     any default on the part of the Company under any indebtedness of the Company, or any event which with the lapse of time or the giving of notice, or both, would constitute such a default;

(c)       any issuance, sale, or other disposal of any capital stock or other equity security of the Company, or any grant of options, warrants or other rights to obtain any of its capital stock;

(d)       (A) any contract or agreement entered into by the Company on or prior to the date  hereof relating to any material acquisition or disposition of any assets or business, or (B) any modification, amendment, assignment, termination, or relinquishment by the Company of any contract, license or other right (including any insurance policy naming it as a beneficiary or loss payable payee) that reasonably would be likely to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company, in each case other than transactions, commitments, contracts or agreements in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practices and those contemplated by this Agreement;

14

 
(e)       any amendment made or authorized to the Company Charter Documents;

(f)       any creation or assumption by the Company of any security interest or other Lien imposed upon any material assets of the Company;

(g)       any damage, destruction, or loss, whether or not covered by insurance, that has or reasonably could be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company;

(h)     any commitment to or liability to any labor organization which represents, or proposes to represent, employees of the Company;

(i)       any sale, assignment, lease, or other transfer or disposition of any of the assets or properties of the Company, except in the ordinary course of business or in connection with the acquisition of similar property or assets or retirements of assets in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practices;

(j)       any write down of the value of, or write off as uncollectible, any asset or accounts receivable of the Company;

(k)       any declaration, setting aside or payment, directly or indirectly, of any cash or non-cash dividend or other cash or non-cash distribution in respect of any of the securities of the Company, or any direct or indirect redemption, purchase, or other acquisition of any securities of the Company or agreement to do so;

(l)       any material change in the Company's accounting methods, principles or practices;

(m)     any amendment of any term of any outstanding security of the Company that would materially increase the obligations of the Company under such security;

(n)       any making of any loan, advance, or capital contribution to or material investment in any Person by the Company other than loans, advances, capital contributions, or investments, in each case not exceeding $10,000.00; or

(o)       (A) any incurrence or assumption by the Company of any indebtedness for borrowed money other than under existing credit facilities (or any renewals, replacements or extensions thereof that do not materially increase the commitments thereunder) or otherwise by the Company in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practices, or (B) any guaranty, endorsement, or other incurrence or assumption of liability, whether directly, contingently or otherwise, by the Company for the obligations of any other Person, other than in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice.

15

 
3.14       No Undisclosed Liabilities . The Company has no debt, liability or obligation of any kind, whether accrued, absolute, contingent, inchoate, determined, determinable, or otherwise, except for (i) liabilities or obligations which, individually or in the aggregate, would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company, (ii) liabilities or obligations under this Agreement or incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, (iii) liabilities or obligations disclosed in Schedule 3.14 ; (iv) liabilities or obligations disclosed in the Financial Statements; and (v) liabilities or obligations arising in the ordinary course of business after the Balance Sheet Date and which do not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. Specifically, the Seller agree that all debt of the Company not listed on Schedule 3.14 shall be repaid or forgiven as of the date of the Closing.

3.15       No Litigation . There is no suit, action, proceeding, or investigation presently pending or, to the Knowledge of Seller or the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company that has had or could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company or prevent, hinder or materially delay the ability of the Company to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, nor is there any judgment, decree, injunction, rule or order of any Governmental Authority or arbitrator outstanding against the Company which has had, or which, insofar as reasonably can be foreseen, in the future could have, any such effect.

3.16       Compliance with Laws and Permits. The Company is not in violation of, or in default in any material respect under, and no event has occurred that (with notice or the lapse of time or both) would constitute a violation of or default under (a) its certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational documents, or (b) any applicable law, rule, regulation, ordinance, order, writ, decree or judgment of any Governmental Authority. The Company has obtained and holds all permits, licenses, variances, exemptions, orders, franchises, approvals and authorizations of all Governmental Authorities necessary for the lawful conduct of its business and the lawful ownership, use and operation of its assets ("Company Permits"), except for Company Permits which the failure to obtain or hold would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. None of the Company Permits will be adversely affected by the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereunder or requires any filing or consent in connection therewith. The Company is in compliance with the terms of its Company Permits, except where the failure to comply would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. No investigation or review by any Governmental Authority with respect to the Company is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, other than those the outcome of which would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. To the knowledge of the Company, no other party to any Material Contract is in material breach of the terms, provisions or conditions of such Material Contract.

3.17       Title to Assets. The Company has Defensible Title to all of its assets. Except for Permitted Encumbrances, the Company has good, marketable, and Defensible Title to its assets. All leases pursuant to which the Company leases any assets are in full force and effect, and the Company has not received any notice of default under any such lease.

16

 
3.18         Financial and Commodity Hedging. The Company has no currently outstanding financial hedging positions (including fixed price controls, collars, swaps, caps, hedges or puts).

3.19          Environmental Matters. Based upon claims asserted or notices transmitted by Governmental Authorities or other third parties:

(a)       The Company has conducted its business and operated its assets, and is conducting its business and operating its assets, in material compliance with all Environmental Laws;

(b)       The Company has not been notified by any Governmental Authority or other third party that any of the operations or assets of the Company is the subject of any investigation or inquiry by any Governmental Authority or other third party evaluating whether any material remedial action is needed to respond to a release or threatened release of any Hazardous Material or to the improper storage or disposal (including storage or disposal at offsite locations) of any Hazardous Material;

(c)       Neither the Company nor, to the Company's Knowledge, any Governmental Authority or other third person has filed any notice under any federal, state or local law indicating that (i) the Company is responsible for the improper release into the environment, or the improper storage or disposal, of any Hazardous Material, or (ii) any Hazardous Material is improperly stored or disposed of upon any property of the Company or any property formerly owned, leased or operated by the Company;

(d)       The Company has no knowledge of any material contingent liability in connection with (i) the release or threatened release into the environment at, beneath, or on any property now or previously owned, leased or operated by the Company, or (ii) the storage or disposal of any Hazardous Material;

(e)       The Company has not received any claim, complaint, notice, inquiry or request for information from any Governmental Authority or other third person involving any matter which remains unresolved as of the date hereof with respect to any alleged material violation of any Environmental Law or regarding potential liability under any Environmental Law relating to or in connection with operations or conditions of any facilities or property (including off-site storage or disposal of any Hazardous Material from such facilities or property) currently or formerly owned, leased or operated by the Company;
 
(f)       All underground storage tanks and solid waste storage, treatment and/or disposal facilities owned or operated by the Company are used and operated in material compliance with Environmental Laws;

(g)       The Company has obtained all material permits, licenses, approvals, and other authorizations that are required with respect to the operation of the Company's properties and assets under the Environmental Laws, and the Company is in material compliance with all terms and conditions of such required permits, licenses, approvals, and authorizations;

17

 
(h)       To the Knowledge of the Company and the Seller, there are no polychlorinated biphenyls or asbestos located in, at, on, or under any facility or real property owned, leased or operated by the Company that require removal, decontamination or abatement pursuant to Environmental Laws;

(i)       There are no past or present events, conditions, circumstances, activities, practices, incidents or actions that could reasonably be expected to interfere with or prevent material compliance by the Company with any Environmental Law, or that could reasonably be expected to give rise to any material liability under the Environmental Laws;

(j)       No Lien has been recorded against any property, facility or assets currently owned by the Company under any Environmental Law; and

(k)       The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby will not affect the validity or require the transfer of any permits, licenses or approvals held by the Company under any Environmental Law, and will not require any notification, disclosure, registration, reporting, filing, investigation or remediation under any Environmental law.

3.20          Taxes .

(a)       The Company has timely filed (taking into account any extensions) all Tax Returns required to be filed by it on or before the date of this Agreement and has timely paid or deposited all Taxes and estimated Taxes which are required to be paid or deposited on or before such date. Each of the Tax Returns filed by the Company is accurate and complete in all material respects and has been completed in all material respects in accordance with applicable laws, regulations and rules. The Company Balance Sheet reflects an adequate reserve for all Taxes for which the Company may be liable for all taxable periods and portions thereof through the date thereof. The Company has not waived any statute of limitations with respect to any Taxes of the Company. No material deficiencies for any Taxes have been proposed, asserted or assessed against the Company, no requests for waivers of the time to assess any such Taxes have been granted or are pending, and there are no Tax Liens upon any assets of the Company (except for liens for ad valorem Taxes not yet delinquent and other Taxes not yet due and payable). There are no current examinations of any Tax Return of the Company being conducted by any Governmental Authority and there are no settlements of any prior examinations which could reasonably be expected to adversely affect any taxable period for which the statute of limitations has not run. The Company is not a party to a Tax allocation agreement, Tax sharing agreement, Tax indemnity agreement, Tax partnership agreement or similar agreement or arrangement. The Company has complied in all material respects with all applicable laws, rules and regulations relating to the payment and withholding of Taxes and has in all respects timely withheld from employee wages and paid over such taxes to the appropriate Governmental Authority.

      3.21     Governmental Authorizations . The Company holds, and on the Closing Date will hold, all the necessary, regular and valid licenses and authorizations from any Governmental Authority required to own its properties and assets and operate its business, and each such authorization is validly issued and in full force and effect.

18

 
3.22     Insurance . The Company has in full force and effect the liability and casualty insurance, errors and omissions insurance. The Company is not in default in any material respect with respect to such insurance policies, and the Company has not failed to give any notice or present any claim under any policies in due and timely fashion.

3.23     Brokers . Other than the shell cost reimbursemet due to TBeck Capital for $200,000, and the consulting fee due to BGLR Consulting Inc. for $100,000, both of which are payable by the Buyer at Closing, neither party has any obligation or liability to pay any fees or commission to any broker, finder, agent or similar Person, with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

3.24     Bank Accounts . All bank or other financial institution accounts of the Company are described in Schedule 3.24 , and such Schedule also lists all Persons with check writing authority on behalf of the Company.

3.25     Related Party Transactions . Except as disclosed in Schedule 3.25 , there are no currently existing business arrangements, other than employment, between the Company and any of Seller, officers, or directors of the Company, or any of their respective Affiliates and there are no continuing obligations owing from the Company to any third Person created by any of Seller, officers, or directors of the Company or any of their Affiliates. None of Seller, officers or directors of the Company, or any of their respective Affiliates owns any material asset, tangible or intangible, which is used in the operation of the business of the Company. At the time of the Closing, the Seller shall have compromised and settled all claims from previous shareholder or investors in the Seller’s or Company’s investors.
 
3.26     Real Properties .
 
(a)       Schedule 3.26 lists all real property owned, leased, or occupied by the Company (the " Real Property "), including the legal description of all land, and all encumbrances thereon, and sets forth a description of all plants, buildings, or other structures located thereon. There are now in full force and effect, to the extent legally required, duly issued certificates of occupancy permitting the Real Property and improvements located thereon to be legally used and occupied as the same are now constituted, and the business activities of the Company thereon are, in all material respects, consistent with and permitted under, and not in default of, applicable zoning ordinances, restrictive covenants, or other restrictions. To the Knowledge of Seller and the Company, there is not:
 
(i)       any claim of adverse possession or prescriptive rights involving any of the Real Property;

(ii)     any structure located on any Real Property which encroaches on or over the boundaries of neighboring or adjacent properties; or

(iii)    any structure of any other Person which encroaches on or over the boundaries of any of such Real Property.

19

 
To the knowledge of Seller and the Company, no public improvements have been commenced and none are planned which in either case may result in special assessments against or otherwise materially adversely affect any Real Property. To the Knowledge of Seller and the Company, there are no:

(i)            proposed increases in assessed valuations of any Real Property;
 
(ii)           orders requiring repair, alteration or correction of any existing condition affecting any Real Property or the systems or improvements thereto;
 
(iii)          conditions or defects which could give rise to an order of the sort referred to in clause (ii) above;
 
(iv)          pending or proposed modifications of zoning or similar laws affecting the Real Property; or
 
(v)     structural, mechanical, or other defects of material significance affecting any of the Real Property.
 
(b)       No Condemnation or Expropriation . Neither the whole nor any portion of the Real Property is subject to any order to be sold or is being condemned, expropriated or otherwise taken by any Governmental Authority with or without payment of compensation therefor, nor to the Knowledge of Seller and the Company has any such condemnation, expropriation or taking been proposed.

(c)       Utilities . All utilities, including telephone, sewer and water, electricity and gas necessary for the use of the Real Property, as currently used by the Company, are available, connected and operational.

3.27          Prospects; Outstanding Commitments; Customers and Suppliers .

(a)       Seller and the Company have no Knowledge of, nor have any of them been informed of, any existing or anticipated changes in the policies of the customers, suppliers or others with whom the Company transacts business that could affect the availability of materials, or supplies, in any material respect, or of any legislation or regulation, that will have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company. As of the date of this Agreement, Seller and the Company have no Knowledge of any proposed or contemplated changes in the employment status of any members of management or key employees of the Company.

(b)       All outstanding commitments of the Company for the delivery of goods or the performance of services were made on an arms’ length basis, and to the Knowledge of Seller and the Company there are no facts or circumstances that could have a Material Adverse Effect with respect thereto.

20

 
3.28       Minute Books . The minute books of the Company, as previously made available to Buyer, contain complete and accurate records of all meetings and accurately reflect all other corporate action of the shareholders and board of directors of the Company. The stock certificate books and stock transfer ledgers of the Company are true and complete.

3.29       Absence of Certain Business Practices . Neither the Company nor any officer, employee or agent of the Company has, directly or indirectly, within the past five years, given or agreed to give any gift or similar benefit to any customer, supplier, government employee or other Person who is or may be in a position to help or hinder the business of the Company (or to assist the Company in connection with any actual or proposed transaction) which (i) might subject the Company to any damage or penalty in any civil, criminal, or governmental litigation or proceeding, (ii) if not given in the past, might have had a Material Adverse Effect on the assets, business, or operations of the Company as reflected in the Financial Statements, or (iii) if not continued in the future, might materially adversely effect the assets, business operations or prospects of the Company or which might subject the Company to suit or penalty in a private or governmental litigation or proceeding.

3.30       Completeness of Disclosure . No statement of material fact by Seller or the Company contained in this Agreement and no written statement of material fact furnished or to be furnished by Seller or the Company to Buyer pursuant to or in connection with this Agreement contains or will contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omits or will omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements herein or therein contained not misleading.

Disclosure of any fact in any provision of this Agreement or in any Schedule to which reference is made herein shall constitute disclosure thereof for the purposes of all other provisions and Schedules.

ARTICLE 4
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF BUYER

Buyer represents and warrants to the Companies and Seller as follows:

4.1       Organization; Standing and Power . Buyer is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under laws of the State of Delaware and is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the nature of its business or the ownership or leasing of its properties makes such qualification necessary, other than in such jurisdictions where the failure to be so qualified to do business or in good standing (individually or in the aggregate) would not have, or would not reasonably be likely to have, a Material Adverse Effect on Buyer. Buyer has all requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and assets and to carry on its business as now being conducted.

4.2       Authorization; Enforceability . Buyer has the corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement have been duly and validly authorized by all requisite corporate action on the part of the Buyer. This Agreement has been duly and validly executed and delivered by the Seller, and constitutes a valid and binding agreement of the Buyer.

21

 
4.3       Absence of Conflicting Agreements . Neither the execution, delivery, or performance of this Agreement by Buyer, nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby does or will, after the giving of notice, or the lapse of time or both, or otherwise:

(a)       subject to receipt of any necessary third party consents, conflict with, result in a breach of, constitute a default, or give rise to a right of termination under the Buyer Charter Documents, any federal, state, or local law, statute, ordinance, rule, or regulation applicable to Buyer, or any court or administrative order or process, or any contract, agreement, arrangement, commitment, or plan to which Buyer is a party or by Buyer is bound;

(b)       result in the creation of any Lien upon the assets, business, and properties of Buyer;

(c)       subject to receipt of any necessary third party consents, terminate, amend, or modify, or give any party the right to terminate, amend, modify, abandon, or refuse to perform any contract, agreement, arrangement, commitment, or plan to which Buyer is a party or by which it is bound;

(d)       accelerate or modify, or give any party the right to accelerate or modify, the time within which, or the terms under which, any duties or obligations are to be performed, or any rights or benefits are to be received, under any contract, agreement, arrangement, commitment, or plan to which Buyer is a party or by which it is bound; or

(e)       to the Knowledge of Buyer, require the consent, waiver, approval, permit, license, clearance or authorization of, or any declaration or filing with, any court or public agency or other authority.

4.4       Absence of Material Adverse Effect . Since the Buyer Balance Sheet Date, there has been no Material Adverse Effect on the business, assets, operations or condition, financial or otherwise, of Buyer.

4.4       No Default . Buyer is not in default, breach or violation (and no event has occurred which, with notice or the lapse of time or both, would constitute a default or violation) of any term, condition or provision of (i) the Buyer Charter Documents; (ii) any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, license, agreement or other instrument or obligation to which Buyer is now a party or by which Buyer or any of its properties, business or assets is bound; or (iii) any order, writ, injunction, decree, statute, rule or regulation applicable to Buyer, except in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) for defaults or violations which in the aggregate would not have a Material Adverse Effect on Buyer.

4.5       No Undisclosed Liabilities . Buyer has no debt, liability or obligation of any kind, whether accrued, absolute, contingent, inchoate, determined, determinable or otherwise (and there is no basis for any present or future action, suit, proceeding, hearing, investigation, charge, complaint, claim or demand against Buyer giving rise to any such debt, liability or obligation), except for (i) liabilities or obligations which, individually or in the aggregate would not have a Material Adverse Effect on Buyer; (ii) liabilities or obligations under this Agreement or incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby; or (iii) liabilities or obligations disclosed or provided for in the Buyer Balance Sheet.

22

 
4.6       No Litigation . There is no suit, action, proceeding or investigation presently pending or, to the Knowledge of Buyer, threatened against or affecting Buyer or any of its subsidiaries that has had or could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on Buyer or prevent, hinder or materially delay the ability of Buyer to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, nor is there any judgment, decree, injunction, rule or order of any governmental authority or arbitrator outstanding against Buyer or any of its subsidiaries which has had, or which, insofar as reasonably can be foreseen, in the future could have, any such effect.

4.7       Financing . Buyer has or will have at closing sufficient funds available to perform all of its other obligations under this Agreement.

4.8       Completeness of Disclosure . No statement of material fact by Buyer contained in this Agreement and no written statement of material fact furnished or to be furnished by Buyer to Seller pursuant to or in connection with this Agreement contains or will contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omits or will omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements herein or therein contained not misleading.

4.9       Capital Structure .

(a)       As of the date hereof, the authorized capital stock of the Buyer consists of 50,000,000 shares of common stock, .001 par value. As of the Closing, 1,053,295 shares of common stock were issued and outstanding. Schedule 4.9 is the shareholder list of Buyer at the time of Closing. No shares of common stock were held by the Buyer in its treasury. The Buyer has no outstanding stock options, stock appreciation rights, phantom units, profit participation or similar rights with respect to the Buyer. No shares of capital stock or other equity or voting securities of the Buyer are reserved for issuance or are outstanding. All of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Buyer are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and have not been issued in violation of any preemptive rights or in violation of state or federal securities laws, and there are no preemptive rights with respect thereto. No capital stock has been issued by the Buyer since the Buyer Balance Sheet Date. Except as set forth above, as of the date hereof there are no outstanding or authorized securities, options, warrants, calls, rights, commitments, preemptive rights, agreements, arrangements, or undertakings of any kind to which the Buyer is a party, or by which it is bound, obligating the Buyer to issue, deliver or sell, or cause to be issued, delivered or sold, any shares of capital stock or other equity or voting securities of, or other ownership interests in, the Buyer or obligating the Buyer to issue, grant, extend, or enter into any such security, option, warrant, call, right, commitment, agreement, arrangement, or undertaking. There are not as of the date of this Agreement and there will not be at the Closing Date any shareholder agreements, voting trusts or other agreements or understandings to which the Buyer is a party or by which it is bound relating to the voting of any shares of the capital stock of the Buyer.

23

 
(b)       The shares of capital stock of the Buyer constitute all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock or other ownership interests of the Buyer. Except for the purchase and sale of the Buyer Common Stock pursuant to this Agreement, there are no outstanding claims, options, or other rights of any Person to purchase from Buyer, and no contracts or commitments providing for the granting of rights to acquire, any of the Buyer Common Stock. There are no claims pending or, to the Knowledge of Buyer, threatened, against the Buyer that concern or affect title to the Buyer Common Stock, or that seek to compel the issuance of capital stock or other securities of the Buyer.

(c)       There are no outstanding obligations in connection with the redemption by the Buyer of any of the previously issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Buyer.

4.10.         Environmental Matters. Based upon claims asserted or notices transmitted by Governmental Authorities or other third parties:

(a)       The Buyer has conducted its business and operated its assets, and is conducting its business and operating its assets, in material compliance with all Environmental Laws;

(b)       The Buyer has not been notified by any Governmental Authority or other third party that any of the operations or assets of the Buyer is the subject of any investigation or inquiry by any Governmental Authority or other third party evaluating whether any material remedial action is needed to respond to a release or threatened release of any Hazardous Material or to the improper storage or disposal (including storage or disposal at offsite locations) of any Hazardous Material;

(c)       Neither the Buyer nor, to the Company's Knowledge, any Governmental Authority or other third person has filed any notice under any federal, state or local law indicating that (i) the Buyer is responsible for the improper release into the environment, or the improper storage or disposal, of any Hazardous Material, or (ii) any Hazardous Material is improperly stored or disposed of upon any property of the Buyer or any property formerly owned, leased or operated by the Buyer;

(d)       The Buyer has no knowledge of any material contingent liability in connection with (i) the release or threatened release into the environment at, beneath, or on any property now or previously owned, leased or operated by the Buyer, or (ii) the storage or disposal of any Hazardous Material;

(e)       The Buyer has not received any claim, complaint, notice, inquiry or request for information from any Governmental Authority or other third person involving any matter which remains unresolved as of the date hereof with respect to any alleged material violation of any Environmental Law or regarding potential liability under any Environmental Law relating to or in connection with operations or conditions of any facilities or property (including off-site storage or disposal of any Hazardous Material from such facilities or property) currently or formerly owned, leased or operated by the Buyer;

24

 
(f)       All underground storage tanks and solid waste storage, treatment and/or disposal facilities owned or operated by the Buyer are used and operated in material compliance with Environmental Laws;

(g)     The Buyer has obtained all material permits, licenses, approvals, and other authorizations that are required with respect to the operation of the Company's properties and assets under the Environmental Laws, and the Buyer is in material compliance with all terms and conditions of such required permits, licenses, approvals, and authorizations;

(h)       To the Knowledge of the Buyer, there are no polychlorinated biphenyls or asbestos located in, at, on, or under any facility or real property owned, leased or operated by the Company that require removal, decontamination or abatement pursuant to Environmental Laws;

(i)       There are no past or present events, conditions, circumstances, activities, practices, incidents or actions that could reasonably be expected to interfere with or prevent material compliance by the Buyer with any Environmental Law, or that could reasonably be expected to give rise to any material liability under the Environmental Laws;

(j)       No Lien has been recorded against any property, facility or assets currently owned by the Buyer under any Environmental Law; and

(k)       The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby will not affect the validity or require the transfer of any permits, licenses or approvals held by the Buyer under any Environmental Law, and will not require any notification, disclosure, registration, reporting, filing, investigation or remediation under any Environmental law.

4.11.        SEC Filings. The Buyer warrants that it is a non-reporting public company, in that it has never been required to file disclosure documents with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). To the extent that Buyer has filed any documents with the SEC, such documents are listed on Schedule 4.11 and have been provided to Seller and the Company prior to Closing.

4.12.        Pink Sheets. Buyer warrants that it is listed and trading on the Pink Sheets under the ticker SAGR as of the Closing Date. For purposes of being listed on the Pink Sheets, the Buyer’s market maker is Knight Securities and Lampost Capital.

4.13.        Taxes . The Buyer has timely filed (taking into account any extensions) all Tax Returns required to be filed by it on or before the date of this Agreement and has timely paid or deposited all Taxes and estimated Taxes which are required to be paid or deposited on or before such date. Each of the Tax Returns filed by the Buyer is accurate and complete in all material respects and has been completed in all material respects in accordance with applicable laws, regulations and rules. The Buyer Balance Sheet reflects an adequate reserve for all Taxes for which the Buyer may be liable for all taxable periods and portions thereof through the date thereof. The Buyer has not waived any statute of limitations with respect to any Taxes of the Buyer. No material deficiencies for any Taxes have been proposed, asserted or assessed against the Buyer, no requests for waivers of the time to assess any such Taxes have been granted or are pending, and there are no Tax Liens upon any assets of the Buyer (except for liens for ad valorem Taxes not yet delinquent and other Taxes not yet due and payable). There are no current examinations of any Tax Return of the Buyer being conducted by any Governmental Authority and there are no settlements of any prior examinations which could reasonably be expected to adversely affect any taxable period for which the statute of limitations has not run. The Buyer is not a party to a Tax allocation agreement, Tax sharing agreement, Tax indemnity agreement, Tax partnership agreement or similar agreement or arrangement. The Buyer has complied in all material respects with all applicable laws, rules and regulations relating to the payment and withholding of Taxes and has in all respects timely withheld from employee wages and paid over such taxes to the appropriate Governmental Authority.

25

 
ARTICLE 5
COVENANTS RELATING TO CONDUCT OF BUSINESS
AND ADDITIONAL AGREEMENTS

5.1       Conduct of Business of each Company .

(a)       Ordinary Course. During the period from the date of this Agreement to the Closing Date (except as otherwise specifically contemplated by the terms of this Agreement), each Company shall, and Seller shall cause each Company to, carry on its businesses in the usual, regular, and ordinary course in substantially the same manner as conducted at the date hereof, and, to the extent consistent therewith, use all reasonable efforts to preserve intact its current business organization, keep available the services of its current officers and employees and preserve its relationships with Blue Fire Ethanol Inc., customers, suppliers, licensors, licensees, distributors, and others having business dealings with the Company, in each case consistent with past practice, to the end that their goodwill and ongoing businesses shall be unimpaired to the fullest extent possible at the Closing Date. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, and except as otherwise expressly contemplated by this Agreement, prior to the Closing Date the Companies will not, and Seller will not, without the prior written consent of Buyer, permit or allow the Companies to:

(i)       (A) declare, set aside, or pay any dividends on, or make any other distributions (other than distributions to the Seller for amounts not exceeding their respective income tax liabilities) in respect of, any of its capital stock, (B) split, combine, or reclassify any of its capital stock or issue or authorize the issuance of any other securities in respect of, in lieu of or in substitution for shares of its capital stock or (C) purchase, redeem, or otherwise acquire any shares of capital stock of each Company or any other securities thereof or any rights, warrants or options to acquire any such shares or other securities;

(ii)       issue, deliver, sell, pledge, dispose of, or otherwise encumber any of its capital stock or any securities convertible into, or any rights, warrants or options to acquire, any such capital stock;

(iii)     amend the Company Charter Document;

(iv)     acquire or agree to acquire (A) by merging or consolidating with, or by purchasing a substantial portion of the stock, or other ownership interests in, or assets of, or by any other manner, any business or any corporation, partnership, association, joint venture, limited liability company, or other entity or division thereof, or (B) any assets that would be material, individually or in the aggregate, to each Company, except purchases of supplies and inventory in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice;

26

 
(v)       sell, lease, mortgage, pledge, grant a Lien on, or otherwise encumber or dispose of any of its properties or assets, except (A) in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice or (B) other transactions involving not in excess of $20,000.00 in the aggregate;

(vi)       (A) incur any indebtedness for borrowed money or guarantee any such indebtedness of another person, issue or sell any debt securities or warrants or other rights to acquire any debt securities of each Company, guarantee any debt securities of another person, enter into any "keep well" or other agreement to maintain any financial statement condition of another person or enter into any arrangement having the economic effect of any of the foregoing, except for (1) working capital borrowings under revolving credit facilities incurred in the ordinary course of business, and (2) indebtedness incurred to refund, refinance, or replace indebtedness for borrowed money outstanding on the date hereof, or (B) make any loans, advances or capital contributions to, or investments in, any other person, other than employees of each Company in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice;

(vii)     make or incur capital expenditures in the aggregate in excess of $20,000;

(viii)          make any material election relating to Taxes or settle or compromise any material Tax liability;

(ix)       pay, discharge, or satisfy any claims, liabilities, or obligations (accrued, asserted or unasserted, contingent, or otherwise), other than the payment, discharge, or satisfaction, in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice or in accordance with their terms of liabilities reflected or reserved against in, or contemplated by, each Company Balance Sheet;

(x)       waive the benefits of, or agree to modify in any manner, any confidentiality, standstill or similar agreement to which each Company is a party;

(xi)       adopt a plan of complete or partial liquidation or resolutions providing for or authorizing such a liquidation or a dissolution, merger, consolidation, restructuring, recapitalization, or reorganization;

27

 
(xii)       change any accounting principle used by it;

(xiii)     settle or compromise any litigation (whether or not commenced prior to the date of this Agreement) other than settlements or compromises of litigation where the amount paid in settlement or compromise does not exceed $10,000.00;

(xiv)     (A) enter into any new, or amend any existing, severance agreement or arrangement, deferred compensation arrangement or employment agreement with any officer, director, or employee, except that, each Company may hire additional employees to the extent deemed by its management to be in the best interests of the relevant Company; provided, that the Company may not enter into any employment or severance agreement or any deferred compensation arrangement with any such additional employees; (B) adopt any new incentive, retirement or welfare benefit arrangements, plans or programs for the benefit of current, former or retired employees or amend any existing Company benefit plan (other than amendments required by law); (C) grant any increases in employee compensation, other than in the ordinary course or pursuant to promotions, in each case consistent with past practice (which shall include normal individual periodic performance reviews and related compensation and benefit increases and bonus payments consistent with past practices); or (D) grant any stock options or stock awards; or

(xv)       authorize any of, or commit or agree to take any of, the foregoing actions.

(b)       Other Actions. During the period from the date of this Agreement to the Closing Date, neither the Companies nor the Seller shall take any action that would, or that could reasonably be expected to, result in any of the representations and warranties of the Companies and Seller set forth in this Agreement becoming untrue in any material respect.

5.2       Access to Information .

(a)       Subject to the terms of the Confidentiality Agreement and Section 5.2(b), during the period from the date hereof to the Closing Date:

(i)       The Companies and Seller shall, and shall cause each of their respective officers, employees, counsel, financial advisors and other representatives to, afford to Buyer, and to Buyer's accountants, counsel, financial advisors and other representatives, reasonable access to each Company's properties, books, contracts, commitments and records for the purpose of conducting such inspections, evaluations and assessments, as Buyer deems appropriate, and, during such period, each Company and Seller shall, and shall cause each of their respective officers, employees, counsel, financial advisors and other representatives to, furnish promptly to Buyer, all other information concerning its business, properties, financial condition, operations and personnel as Buyer may from time to time reasonably request so as to afford Buyer a reasonable opportunity to make at its sole cost and expense such review, examination and investigation of the relevant Company as Buyer may reasonably desire to make. The Company and Seller agree to advise Buyer of all material developments with respect to the Company and its assets and liabilities.

28

 
(ii)       The Companies and Seller shall notify Buyer promptly of any notices from or investigations by governmental authority relating to the relevant Company's business or assets or the consummation of the Purchase. Buyer shall notify the Companies and Seller promptly of any notices from or investigations by governmental authority that could materially affect Buyer's consummation of the Purchase.

(b)     Except as required by law, each of the Companies, Seller, and Buyer shall, and shall cause their respective directors, officers, employees, accountants, counsel, financial advisors, and representatives and affiliates to: (i) hold in confidence, unless compelled to disclose by judicial or administrative process, or, in the opinion of its counsel, by other requirements of law, all nonpublic information concerning the other party furnished in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement until such time as such information becomes publicly available (otherwise than through the wrongful act of such Person), (ii) not release or disclose such information to any other Person, except in connection with this Agreement to its auditors, attorneys, financial advisors, other consultants and advisors, and (iii) not use such information for any competitive or other purpose other than with respect to its consideration and evaluation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Any investigation by any party of the assets and business of the other party and its subsidiaries shall not affect any representations and warranties hereunder, any conditions to the obligations of either party or either party's right to terminate this Agreement as provided in Article 7.

(c)       In the event of the termination of this Agreement, each party promptly will deliver to the other party (and destroy all electronic data reflecting the same) all documents, work papers and other material (and any reproductions or extracts thereof and any notes or summaries thereto) obtained by such party or on its behalf from such other party or its subsidiaries as a result of this Agreement or in connection therewith so obtained before or after the execution hereof.

5.3       Reasonable Efforts; Notification .

(a)       Reasonable Efforts. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, except to the extent otherwise provided in this Section 5.3, each of the parties agrees to use commercially reasonable efforts to take, or cause to be taken, all actions, and to do, or cause to be done, and to assist and cooperate with the other parties in doing, all things necessary, proper or advisable to consummate and make effective, in the most expeditious manner practicable, the Purchase, and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including (i) the obtaining of all necessary actions or non-actions, waivers, consents and approvals from governmental authority and the making of all necessary registrations and filings (including filings with Blue Fire Ethanol, Inc.) and the taking of all reasonable steps as may be necessary to obtain an approval or waiver from, or to avoid an action or proceeding by, any governmental authority, (ii) the obtaining of all necessary consents, approvals or waivers from third parties, (iii) the defending of any lawsuits or other legal proceedings, whether judicial or administrative, challenging this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, including seeking to have any stay or temporary restraining order entered by any court or other governmental authority vacated or reversed, and (iv) the execution and delivery of any additional instruments necessary to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; provided, however, that neither the Companies nor Buyer shall be under any obligation to take any action to the extent that the Board of Directors of such party shall conclude in good faith, after consultation with and based upon the written advice of their respective outside legal counsel (which advice in each case need not constitute an opinion), that such action would cause a breach of that Board of Directors' fiduciary obligations under applicable law.

29

 
(b)       Notification. The Companies and Seller shall give prompt notice to Buyer, and Buyer shall give prompt notice to the Company, when (i) any representation or warranty made by either under the terms of this Agreement becomes untrue or inaccurate in any material respect or (ii) Seller, Companies or Buyer, as the case may be, fails to comply with or satisfy in any material respect any covenant, condition, or agreement to be complied with or satisfied by it under this Agreement; provided, however, that no such notification shall affect the representations or warranties or covenants or agreements of the parties or the conditions to the obligations of the parties hereunder.

5.4       Fees and Expenses . Except as provided in Section 8.2, all fees and expenses incurred in connection with the Purchase, this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby shall be paid by the party incurring such fees or expenses, whether or not the Purchase is consummated.

5.5       Public Announcements . The Company and Seller, on the one hand, and Buyer, on the other hand, will consult with each other before issuing any press release or otherwise making any public statements with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and shall not issue any such press release or make any such public statement prior to such consultation, except that each party may respond to questions from shareholders or holders of ownership interests in either the Companies or the Buyer.

5.6       Agreement to Defend . In the event any claim, action, suit, investigation, or other proceeding by any governmental authority or other person or other legal administrative proceeding is commenced that questions the validity or legality of the transactions contemplated hereby or seeks damages in connection therewith, the parties hereto agree to cooperate and use their reasonable efforts to defend against and respond thereto.

30

 
ARTICLE 6
CONDITIONS PRECEDENT

6.1       Conditions to Each Party's Obligation to Effect the Purchase . The respective obligations of each party to effect the Purchase are subject to the satisfaction of the requirement that the parties shall have arranged for the filing of all authorizations, consents, orders or approvals of, or declarations or filings with, or terminations or expirations of waiting periods imposed by, any governmental authority necessary for the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

6.2       Conditions to Obligations of Buyer . The obligations of Buyer to effect the Purchase are subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions, any or all of which may be waived in whole or in part by Buyer:

(a)       Obligations. The   Companies and Seller shall have performed in all material respects all obligations to be performed by them under this Agreement at or prior to the Closing Date.

(b)       Representations and Warranties. All of the representations and warranties of each Company and Seller contained in this Agreement (considered collectively) and each of the representations and warranties of each Company and Seller contained in this Agreement (considered individually) shall be true and correct in all material respects (disregarding for these purposes any exceptions or supplemental disclosures contained in the certificates delivered to Buyer pursuant to Section 2.5(a) and disregarding any materiality qualifications contained therein) as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date as if made on and as of such date; provided, that such representations and warranties that are by their express provisions made as of a specific date need be true and correct only as of such specific date.

(c)       Third Party Consents. All required authorizations, consents or approvals of any third party, including BlueFire Ethanol Inc. approval, the failure of which to obtain would have a Material Adverse Effect on Buyer, assuming the Purchase had taken place, shall have been obtained.

(d)       Material Adverse Change. There shall not have occurred a Material Adverse Change to the Companies or Seller.

(e)       Absence of Proceedings . No claim, suit, action, or other proceeding shall be pending or threatened before or by any court, governmental authority, arbitrator or other Person against any of the parties to this Agreement (i) with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement with the object of challenging or preventing the Closing, and no other proceedings shall be pending with such object or to collect damages from Buyer on account thereof, (ii) which would materially and adversely affect the Company Shares or the assets, property, operations, result of operations, financial condition, or prospects of the Company, and (iii) there shall not have been made or threatened by any Person any claim asserting that such Person (a) is the holder or the beneficial owner of, or has the right to acquire or to obtain beneficial ownership of, any stock of, or any other voting, equity or ownership interest in, the Company, or (b) is entitled to all or any portion of the Purchase Consideration payable for the Company Shares. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, no suit, action or other proceeding shall be pending before any court or governmental authority in which it is sought to restrain or prohibit, or obtain damages or other relief in connection with, this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.

31

 
(f)       Deliveries at Closing . Seller shall have delivered, or caused to be delivered, to Buyer, the documents, properly executed and dated as of the Closing Date, required by Section 2.5(a).

(g)       Additional Documents. Buyer shall have been furnished with such certificates, documents and opinions as they may reasonably request.

6.3       Condition to Obligations of the Company and Seller . The obligations of the Seller to effect the Purchase is subject to satisfaction of the following conditions, any or all of which may be waived in whole or in part by the Seller:

(a)       Obligations. Buyer shall have performed in all material respects all obligations to be performed by it under this Agreement at or prior to the Closing Date.

(b)       Representations and Warranties. All of the representations and warranties of Buyer contained in this Agreement (considered collectively) and each of the representations and warranties of Buyer contained in this Agreement (considered individually) shall be true and correct in all material respects (disregarding for these purposes any materiality qualifications contained therein) as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date as if made on and as of such date; provided, that such representations and warranties that are by their express provisions made as of a specific date need be true and correct only as of such specific date.

(c)       Material Adverse Change. There shall not have occurred a Material Adverse Change to Buyer.

(d)       Absence of Proceedings . No claim, suit, action or other proceeding shall be pending or threatened before or by any court, governmental authority, arbitrator or other Person against any of the parties to this Agreement with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement with the object of challenging or preventing the Closing, and no other proceedings shall be pending with such object or to collect damages from Seller on account thereof.

(e)       Deliveries at Closing . Buyer shall have delivered, or caused to be delivered, to Seller, the documents, properly executed and dated as of the Closing Date, required by Section 2.5(b).

(f)       Seller shall have been furnished with such certificates, documents and opinions as it may reasonably request.

32

 
ARTICLE 7
TERMINATION, AMENDMENT AND WAIVER

7.1       Termination . This Agreement may, by written notice given prior to the Closing, be terminated at any time:

(a)       by mutual written consent of Seller and Buyer;

(b)       without liability on the part of any party hereto (unless occasioned by reason of failure of one of the parties hereto to perform its obligations or a default of its representations and warranties hereunder), by either Buyer or Seller, if the transactions contemplated hereby are not consummated on or before the Closing Date;

(c)       by Buyer, if Seller or the Company materially breach or default in the performance of any of their representations, warranties, covenants, or obligations hereunder, and either (i) such breach or default in performance shall not have been cured or waived within thirty (30) days after written notice thereof from Buyer to Seller; or (ii) Seller shall not have provided reasonable assurance satisfactory to Buyer that such breach or default will be cured on or before the Closing Date;

(d)       by Seller, if Buyer shall materially breach or default in performance of any of its representations, warranties, covenants, or obligations hereunder, and either (i) such breach or default in performance shall not have been cured or waived within thirty (30) days after notice thereof from Seller to Buyer; or (ii) Buyer shall not have provided reasonable assurance satisfactory to Seller that such breach or default will be cured on or before the Closing Date;

(e)       by Buyer, if any of the conditions set forth in Section 6.1 or Section 6.2 shall not have been fulfilled by the Closing Date in any material respect or if satisfaction of such condition is or becomes impossible (unless the failure to fulfill such conditions results primarily from Buyer’s breach of any representation or warranty or failing to perform any covenant or agreement contained in this Agreement) and Buyer has not waived such condition on or prior to the Closing;

(f)       by Seller, if any of the conditions set forth in Section 6.1 or Section 6.3   shall not have been fulfilled by the Closing Date in any material respect or if satisfaction of such condition is or becomes impossible (unless the failure to fulfill such conditions results primarily from the breach by the Company or Seller themselves of any representation or warranty or failing to perform any covenant or agreement contained in this Agreement) and Seller have not waived such condition on or prior to the Closing.

7.2       Procedure for Termination, Amendment, Extension or Waiver . A termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 7.1, an amendment of this Agreement pursuant to Section 7.4 or an extension or waiver pursuant to Section 7.5 shall, in order to be effective, require action by its governing body, or the duly authorized designee of that governing body, of Seller, Buyer and the Company.

33

 
7.3       Effect of Termination . In the event of termination of this Agreement by either Seller or Buyer as provided in Section 7.1, this Agreement shall forthwith become void and have no effect, without any further liability or obligation on the part of Seller, the Company or Buyer, or any director, officer, employee, or shareholder thereof, other than the provisions of Article 11; provided, however, that any such termination shall not limit or relieve a party's liability or obligation for damages suffered by the other party hereto as a result of such party's breach of any representation, warranty or covenant in this Agreement.

7.4       Amendment . This Agreement may not be amended except by an instrument in writing signed by or on behalf of each of the parties.

7.5       Extension; Waiver . At any time on or prior to the Closing Date, the parties may (a) extend the time for the performance of any of the obligations or the other acts of the other parties, (b) waive any inaccuracies in the representations and warranties contained herein or in any document delivered pursuant hereto, or (c) waive compliance with any of the agreements or conditions contained herein. Any agreement on the part of a party to any such extension or waiver shall be valid only if set forth in an instrument in writing signed by or on behalf of such party. No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other provision or breach of this Agreement, whether or not similar, unless otherwise expressly provided. The failure of any party to this Agreement to assert any of his or its rights under this Agreement or otherwise shall not constitute a waiver of such rights.

ARTICLE 8
NO NEGOTIATION

Provided that Buyer is not in default hereunder, from the date of this Agreement until the earlier date of the Closing or the termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 7.1, Seller will not, and will cause the Company and its officers, directors, employees, agents, Affiliates and other representatives not to, directly or indirectly, solicit, initiate, or encourage any inquiries or proposals from, discuss or negotiate with, provide any non-public information to, or consider the merits of any unsolicited inquiries or proposals from, any Person (other than Buyer) relating to any transaction involving the sale of the business or all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any of the capital stock of the Company, or any merger, consolidation, business combination, or similar transaction involving the Company.

ARTICLE 9
INDEMNIFICATION

9.1       Indemnification of Buyer . Seller agrees, jointly and severally, to defend, indemnify, and hold harmless Buyer, and their respective successors and assigns (individually a " Buyer Indemnitee ," and collectively the " Buyer Indemnitees ") from, against, and in respect of the following:

34

 
(a)       any and all losses, damages, deficiencies or liabilities caused by, resulting or arising from, or otherwise relating to: (i) any breach of the representations and warranties of Seller or the Companies contained in this Agreement or in any instrument, certificate or affidavit delivered by or on behalf of Seller or the Companies at the Closing in accordance with this Agreement; or (ii) any failure by either Seller or the Companies to perform or otherwise fulfill or comply with (X) if this Agreement shall have been terminated, any covenant, undertaking, agreement or obligation to be performed, fulfilled or complied with by Seller or the Companies prior to or in connection with the Closing or (Y) if the Closing shall occur, any covenant, undertaking or other agreement or obligation of Seller under this Agreement to be performed, fulfilled or otherwise complied with by Seller after the Closing. Without limiting the foregoing in any manner, Seller shall indemnify Buyer from any and all claims made by the previous shareholders or investors in the Company or any predecessor company of which the Seller was in control of day to day operations; and

(b)       subject to the provision of Article 10, any Taxes (i) imposed on the Company, with respect to any taxable period, or portion thereof, ending on or before the Closing Date, or, (ii) imposed with respect to the ownership, use or operation of, including income and revenues from, the Company Shares and the Company’s assets on or before the date of this Agreement.
 
(c)       any Labor Claims asserted against the Company, with respect to periods prior to the Closing Date.
 
(d)       any and all actions, suits, proceedings, claims, liabilities, demands, assessments, judgments, interest, penalties, costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees, incurred by the Buyer Indemnities in connection with investigating, defending, settling or prosecuting any action, suit, proceeding or claim against Buyer hereunder, incident to any of the items referred to in this Section 9.1; provided , that, if any action, suit, proceeding, claim, liability, demand or assessment shall be asserted against any Buyer Indemnitee in respect of which such Buyer Indemnitee proposes to demand indemnification, such Buyer Indemnitee shall notify Seller thereof within a reasonable period of time after assertion thereof, and such notice shall include copies of all suit, service and claim documents and all other relevant documents in the possession of the Buyer Indemnities and an explanation of the Buyer Indemnities contentions and defenses with as much specificity and particularity as the circumstances permit; provided , further , that the failure of the Buyer Indemnities to give such notice or provide such documentation shall not relieve Seller of their obligations under this Section 9.1, if Seller shall not have been prejudiced thereby (and then solely to the extent thereof). Subject to rights of or duties to any insurer or other third Person having liability therefore, Seller shall have the right within ten (10) days after receipt of such notice to assume in writing the control of the defense, compromise or settlement of any such action, suit, proceeding, claim, liability, demand, or assessment, including, at their own expense, employment of counsel; provided further , however , that, if Seller shall have exercised their right to assume such control, the Buyer Indemnities may, in its sole discretion and at its sole expense, employ counsel to represent it (in addition to counsel employed by Seller) in any such matter, and in such event counsel selected by Seller shall be required to cooperate with such counsel of the Buyer Indemnitee in such defense, compromise or settlement for the purpose of informing and sharing information with such Buyer Indemnitee. So long as Seller are defending in good faith any such claim or demand asserted by a third Person against the Buyer Indemnitee, the Buyer Indemnitee shall not settle or compromise such claim or demand. If Seller has assumed the defense of any such claim or demand, then they shall not consent to the entry of judgment or enter into any settlement without the prior written consent of the Buyer Indemnitee, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. The Buyer Indemnitee shall make available to Seller or their agents all records and other materials in the Buyer Indemnitee's possession reasonably required by them for their use in contesting any third party claim or demand.
 
35

 
9.2       Indemnification of Seller . Buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Seller and the Company, and their respective successors and assigns (individually a " Seller Indemnitee ," and collectively the " Seller Indemnitees ") from, against and in respect of the following:

(a)       any and all losses, damages, deficiencies or liabilities caused by, resulting or arising from or otherwise relating to (i) any breach of the representations and warranties of Buyer contained in this Agreement or in any instrument, certificate or affidavit delivered by or on behalf of Buyer at the Closing in accordance with this Agreement; (ii) any failure by Buyer to perform or otherwise fulfill or comply with: (X) if this Agreement shall have been terminated, Section 5.3 or any other covenant, undertaking, agreement or obligation to be performed, fulfilled or complied with by Buyer prior to or in connection with the Closing; or (Y) if the Closing shall occur, any covenant, undertaking or other agreement or obligation hereunder to be performed, fulfilled or otherwise complied with by Buyer after the Closing or (iii) any obligation or liability with respect to the operation of the Company by Buyer after the Closing;

(b)       any and all actions, suits, proceedings, claims, liabilities, demands, assessments, judgments, interest, penalties, costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees, incurred by the Seller Indemnities in connection with investigating, defending, settling or prosecuting any action, suit, proceeding or claim against any Seller Indemnitee hereunder, incident to any of the items referred to in Section 9.2(a); provided , that, if any action, suit, proceeding, claim, liability, demand or assessment shall be asserted against any Seller Indemnitee in respect of which such Seller Indemnitee proposes to demand indemnification, such Seller Indemnitee shall notify Buyer thereof within a reasonable period of time after assertion thereof, and such notice shall include copies of all suit, service and claim documents, all other relevant documents in the possession of the Seller Indemnitee and an explanation of the Seller Indemnitee's contentions and defenses with as much specificity and particularity as the circumstances permit; provided , further , that the failure of the Seller Indemnitee to give such notice or provide such documentation shall not relieve Buyer of its obligations under this Section 9.2 if Buyer shall not have been prejudiced thereby (and then solely to the extent thereof). Subject to rights of or duties to any insurer or other third Person having liability therefore, Buyer shall have the right within ten (10) days after receipt of such notice to assume the control of the defense, compromise or settlement of any such action, suit, proceeding, claim, liability, demand, or assessment, including, at its own expense, employment of counsel; provided , that, if Buyer shall have exercised its right to assume such control, the Seller Indemnitee may, in its sole discretion and at its sole expense, employ counsel to represent it (in addition to counsel employed by Buyer) in any such matter, and in such event counsel selected by Buyer shall be required to cooperate with such counsel of the Seller Indemnitee in such defense, compromise or settlement for the purpose of informing and sharing information with such Seller Indemnitee. So long as Buyer is defending in good faith any such claims or demands asserted by a third Person against the Seller Indemnitee, the Seller Indemnitee shall not settle or compromise such claim or demand. If Buyer has assumed the defense of any such claim or demand, then it shall not consent to the entry of judgment or enter into any settlement without the prior written consent of the Seller Indemnitee (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld). The Seller Indemnitee shall make available to Buyer or its agents all records and other materials in the Seller Indemnitee's possession reasonably required by it for its use in contesting any third party claim or demand.

9.3       Indemnification of Seller and Buyer by TBeck Capital, Inc. (“TBeck”) . TBeck agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Seller, the Buyer, and their respective successors and assigns (individually a " TBeck Indemnitee ," and collectively the " TBeck Indemnitees ") from, against and in respect of the following:

36

 
(a)       any and all losses, damages, deficiencies or liabilities caused by, related to or arising from liabilities incurred by prior to Closing or breach of warranties by Buyer at Closing;

(b)       any and all actions, suits, proceedings, claims, liabilities, demands, assessments, judgments, interest, penalties, costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees, incurred by the TBeck Indemnities in connection with investigating, defending, settling or prosecuting any action, suit, proceeding or claim against any TBeck Indemnitee hereunder, incident to any of the items referred to in Section 9.3(a); provided , that, if any action, suit, proceeding, claim, liability, demand or assessment shall be asserted against any TBeck Indemnitee in respect of which such TBeck Indemnitee proposes to demand indemnification, such TBeck Indemnitee shall notify Buyer thereof within a reasonable period of time after assertion thereof, and such notice shall include copies of all suit, service and claim documents, all other relevant documents in the possession of the TBeck Indemnitee and an explanation of the TBeck Indemnitee's contentions and defenses with as much specificity and particularity as the circumstances permit; provided , further , that the failure of the TBeck Indemnitee to give such notice or provide such documentation shall not relieve Buyer of its obligations under this Section 9.3 if Buyer shall not have been prejudiced thereby (and then solely to the extent thereof). Subject to rights of or duties to any insurer or other third Person having liability therefore, Buyer shall have the right within ten (10) days after receipt of such notice to assume the control of the defense, compromise or settlement of any such action, suit, proceeding, claim, liability, demand, or assessment, including, at its own expense, employment of counsel; provided , that, if Buyer shall have exercised its right to assume such control, the TBeck Indemnitee may, in its sole discretion and at its sole expense, employ counsel to represent it (in addition to counsel employed by Buyer) in any such matter, and in such event counsel selected by Buyer shall be required to cooperate with such counsel of the TBeck Indemnitee in such defense, compromise or settlement for the purpose of informing and sharing information with such TBeck Indemnitee. So long as Buyer is defending in good faith any such claims or demands asserted by a third Person against the TBeck Indemnitee, the TBeck Indemnitee shall not settle or compromise such claim or demand. If Buyer has assumed the defense of any such claim or demand, then it shall not consent to the entry of judgment or enter into any settlement without the prior written consent of the TBeck Indemnitee (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld). The TBeck Indemnitee shall make available to Buyer or its agents all records and other materials in the TBeck Indemnitee's possession reasonably required by it for its use in contesting any third party claim or demand.

9.4       Remedies; Specific Performance .

(a)       The indemnification provisions of this Article 9 are in addition to, and not in lieu or in derogation of, any other rights or remedies any party may have at law or in equity for a breach of any representations, warranties or covenants contained in this Agreement.

37

 
(b)       Each of the parties to this Agreement acknowledges and agrees that Buyer would be damaged irreparably if any of the covenants of Seller or the Company under this Agreement are not performed in accordance with their specific terms or otherwise are breached. Accordingly, each of the parties hereto agrees that Buyer shall be entitled to an injunction or injunctions to prevent breaches of the covenants set forth in this Agreement by Seller and to enforce specifically this Agreement and the terms and provisions hereof in any competent court having jurisdiction over the parties, in addition to any other remedy to which it may be entitled, at law or in equity.

(c)       Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, Buyer's and Seller' sole remedy for any breach of any of the provisions of Article 3 or 4 shall be to exercise their rights under this Article 9, which shall be subject to the procedures and limitations set forth in this Article 9, excluding however, any cause of action for specific performance.

9.5       Survival . Notwithstanding any other provision to the contrary in this Agreement, this Article 9 shall survive termination of this Agreement.
 
ARTICLE 10
TAX MATTERS

The following provisions shall govern the allocation of responsibility as between Buyer, on the one hand, and Seller and the Company, on the other hand, for certain Tax matters following the Closing Date:

10.1         Tax Periods Ending on or Before the Closing Date . The Company shall prepare or cause to be prepared and file or cause to be filed all tax returns, reports and other informational statements and documentation for the Company for all periods ending on or prior to the Closing Date, which are required to be filed on, before or after the Closing Date. Seller shall permit Buyer (with respect to Tax Returns filed after the date hereof and before the Closing Date) or Buyer and the Company shall permit Seller (with respect to Tax Returns filed after the Closing Date) to review and comment on each such Tax Return described in the preceding sentence prior to filing. The Company shall pay or cause to be paid any Taxes owed by the Company for all periods ending on or before the Closing Date, whether or not such Taxes are shown as owed on the appropriate Tax Returns.

10.2        Tax Periods Beginning Before and Ending After the Closing Date . Buyer shall prepare or cause to be prepared and file or cause to be filed any Tax Returns of the Company for Tax periods which begin before the Closing Date and end after the Closing Date. Buyer shall permit Seller to review and comment on each such Tax Return.

38

 
 10.3       Cooperation on Tax Matters .

(a)     Buyer, the Company, and Seller shall reasonably cooperate, as and to the extent reasonably requested by the other party, in connection with the filing of Tax Returns pursuant to this Article 10 and any audit, litigation or other proceeding with respect to Taxes for which the other party shall have liability therefore under this Agreement. Such cooperation shall include the retention and (upon the other party's request) the provision of records and information which are reasonably relevant to any such audit, litigation or other proceeding and making employees reasonably available on a mutually convenient basis to provide additional information and explanation of any material provided hereunder. The Company shall retain all books and records with respect to Tax matters pertinent to the Company relating to any Tax period beginning before the Closing Date until the expiration of the statute of limitations (and, to the extent notified by Buyer or Seller, any extensions thereof) of the respective Tax periods, and to abide by all record retention agreements entered into with any taxing authority.

(b)     Buyer, the Company and Seller further agree, upon request, to use their commercially reasonable efforts to obtain any certificate or other document from any governmental authority or any other Person as may be necessary to mitigate, reduce or eliminate any Tax that could be imposed (including with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby).

(c)     Buyer, the Company and Seller further agree, upon request, to provide the other party with all information that either party may be required to report pursuant to tax laws of the United States or any other jurisdiction.

10.4       Certain Taxes . All transfer, documentary, sales, use, stamp, registration and other such Taxes incurred in connection with this Agreement shall be paid by Seller when due, and Seller will, at their own expense, file all necessary Tax returns and other documentation with respect to all such transfer, documentary, sales, use, stamp, registration and other Taxes and fees, and, if required by applicable law, Buyer will join in the execution of any such Tax Returns and other documentation.

39

 
ARTICLE 11
GENERAL PROVISIONS

11.1       Survival of Representations and Warranties . All of the representations and warranties of the parties hereto contained in this Agreement shall survive the Closing and shall continue in full force and effect. Any claims with respect to the foregoing sentence under Section 9.1 and Section 9.2 must be asserted in writing with reasonable particularity by the party making such claims.

11.2       Survival of Covenants and Agreements . The respective covenants and agreements of the parties contained in this Agreement shall survive the Closing. Any claims as to a breach of a covenant or agreement under Article 9 or Article 10 must be asserted in writing with reasonable particularity by the party making such claim.

11.3       Interpretation . When a reference is made in this Agreement to a Section, Exhibit or Schedule, such reference shall be to a Section of, or an Exhibit or Schedule to, this Agreement unless otherwise indicated. The words "hereof', "herein" and "hereunder" and similar terms refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement, unless the context otherwise requires. The table of contents and headings contained in this Agreement are for reference purposes only and shall not affect in any way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. Whenever the words "include", "includes" or "including" are used in this Agreement, they shall be deemed to be followed by the words "without limitation".

11.4       Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each of the parties and delivered to the other parties.

11.5       Entire Agreement; No Third-Party Beneficiaries . The Confidentiality Agreement and this Agreement (including the Exhibits and Schedules hereto and the documents and instruments referred to herein) (a) constitute the entire agreement and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, both written and oral, among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and (b) are not intended to confer upon any Person other than the parties any rights or remedies hereunder.

11.6       Governing Law . This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Nevada.

11.7       Assignment . Neither this Agreement nor any of the rights, interests or obligations hereunder shall be assigned by any of the parties without the prior written consent of the other parties, except that Buyer may assign its rights to purchase the Company Shares, but not any of its obligations under this Agreement, to one of its Affiliates. Subject to the preceding sentence, this Agreement will be binding upon, inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by, the parties and their respective successors and assigns.

11.8       Submission to Jurisdiction . Each party hereto hereby agrees that any suit, action or proceeding with respect to this Agreement may be brought in the courts of the State of Florida; and each party hereto hereby irrevocably submits to the jurisdiction of such courts and all appellate courts thereof for the purpose of any such suit, action, proceeding or judgment.

40

 
    11.9       WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL . EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR ANY OTHER THEORY). EACH PARTY HERETO (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND (B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS,
THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION.

11.10          Performance by Companies . Seller hereby agrees to cause the Companies to comply with its obligations under this Agreement.

11.11         Severability . If any one or more of the provisions contained in this Agreement should be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions contained herein shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby. The parties shall endeavor in good-faith negotiations to replace the invalid, illegal or unenforceable provisions with valid provisions, the economic effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the invalid, illegal or unenforceable provisions.

11.12        Notices . All notices, requests, demands, claims and other communications required or permitted to be given hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given by (a) personal delivery (effective upon delivery), (b) facsimile (effective on the next day after transmission), or (c) recognized overnight delivery service (effective on the next day after delivery to the service), in each case addressed to the intended recipient as set forth below:

If to Buyer:
 
                    Sucre Agricultural, Inc.
                    1340 South Main St, Ste. 190
                    Grapevine, TX 76051
 
                    Attention: Lyle Mortensen

Cc:     David Evans, Attorney at Law
                    1412 Main St, Ste 1075
                    Dallas, TX 75202
 
41



If to Seller:

                    Arnold Klann
                    37 Via Monarca
                    Dana Point, Ca. 92629

If to Company:

                    BlueFire Ethanol Inc.
                    8275 So. Eastern Ave., Suite 200
                    Las Vegas, Nv. 89123
                   Attention: Arnold Klann

Cc:             Scott D. Olson, Esq.
                    766 Hoska Drive
                   Del Mar, CA 92014

If to TBeck:
 
                   TBeck Capital, Inc.
                   1340 South Main St, Ste. 190
                   Grapevine, TX 76051
                   Attention: Lyle Mortensen

Cc:              David Evans, Attorney at Law
                   1412 Main St, Ste 1075
                   Dallas, TX 75202

Any party may change his or its address for receiving notices by giving written notice of such change to the other parties in accordance with this Section 11.12.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Agreement to be executed by their duly authorized representatives as of the date first above written.
 
  BUYER 
   
  SUCRE AGRICULTURAL, INC.
   
  By: /s/ Lyle Mortensen                                                
  Name: Lyle Mortensen  
  Title: President
 
42

 
  SELLER 
   
 
/s/ Arnold Klann                                                            
Arnold Klann  
   
 
/s/ Arnold Klann                                                            
Arnold Klann, as trustee for RCR Trust 1 
   
 
/s/ Necitas Camanga Sumait                                         
Necitas Camanga Sumait 
   
 
/s/ John Earl Cuzens                                                      
John Earl Cuzens 
   
 
/s/ Richard Klann                                                           
Richard Klann 
   
 
/s/ Chris Klann                                                                
Chris Klann 
   
 
/s/ [illegible signature]                                                   
Life Church, Inc. 
   
 
/s/ Susan Courtright                                                      
Cottonwood Christian Center, Inc. 
   
 
/s/ Kent A. Larsen                                                          
Kent A. Larsen 
   
 
/s/ Dorinda L. Gullo                                                        
Dorinda L. Gullo 
   
 
/s/ David C. Gullo                                                           
David C. Gullo 
 
43

 
   
 
/s/ Daniel J. Gullo                                                            
Daniel J. Gullo 
   
 
/s/ Deann M. Salcius                                                      
Deann M. Salcius 
   
 
/s/ Brenda S. Russell                                                      
Brenda S. Russell 
   
 
/s/ Ronald J. McLoud                                                    
Ronald J. McLoud 
   
 
/s/ Dorthea M. Klann                                                     
Dorthea M. Klann 
   
 
/s/ Gregory M. Klann                                                     
Gregory M. Klann 
   
 
/s/ Theodore M. Klann                                                  
Theodore M. Klann 
   
 
/s/ Gaylen H. Oderdirk                                                    
Gaylen H. Oderdirk 
   
 
/s/ Paul Gallegos                                                              
Paul Gallegos 
   
 
COMPANY

BLUEFIRE ETHANOL INC.
 
By:                     /s/ Arnold Klann                                    
Name: Arnold Klann
Title: President
 
44

 
 
TBECK CAPITAL, INC. 
 
By:                               /s/ Ron Williams                                     
Name: Ron Williams
Title: President
 
 
45

 
EXHIBIT A

LIST OF SELLERS AND COMPANY’S OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS

Sellers:

Arnold R. Klann, as trustee for RCR Trust 1
Arnold R. Klann
Necitas Camanga Sumait
John Earl Cuzens

Directors:

Arnold R. Klann
John Earl Cuzens
Necitas Camangas Sumait
Robert Moore

Officers:

President: Arnold R. Klann
Secretary: Necitas Camangas Sumait
Treasurer: Robert Moore
 
46


EXHIBIT B

LIST OF BUYER’S AND TBECK CAPITAL’S OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS

Buyer’s Directors:
Lyle Mortenson, Sole Director

TBeck Capital Officers and Directors:
Ron Williams, President and Director

47


EXHIBIT C

BUYER PRIVATE EQUITY OFFERING AGREEMENTS
 

 
48


SCHEDULE 3.4

COMPANY SHAREHOLDER LIST
 
Shareholder
Company Shares Held
Cert No.
Percentage Ownership
Buyer Shares to be Issued
         
Arnold R. Klann, as trustee for RCR Trust 1
6,996
001A
69.96
11,892,500
Arnold R. Klann
1,000
002
10.00
1,700,000
John Earl Cuzens
706
003A
7.06
1,200,000
Necitas Camanga Sumait
706
004A
7.06
1,200,000
Richard Klann
235
005
2.35
400,000
Chris Klann
235
006
2.35
400,000
Life Church, Inc.
29
007
0.29
50,000
Cottonwood Christian Center, Inc.
29
008
0.29
50,000
Kent A. Larsen
15
009
0.15
25,000
Dorinda L. Gullo
6
010
0.06
10,000
David C. Gullo
6
011
0.06
10,000
Daniel J. Gullo
6
012
0.06
10,000
Deann M. Salcius
6
013
0.06
10,000
Brenda S. Russell
6
014
0.06
10,000
Ronald J. McLoud
6
015
0.06
10,000
Dorthea M. Klann
3
016
0.03
5,000
Gregory M. Klann
3
017
0.03
5,000
Theodore M. Klann
3
018
0.03
5,000
Gaylen H. Oderdirk
3
019
0.03
5,000
Paul Gallegos
1
020
0.01
2,500
 
 
     
TOTALS
10,000
 
100%
17,000,000


49


SCHEDULE 3.8

CONTRACTS
 
 
50


SCHEDULE 3.11

LEASES
 
 
51


SCHEDULE 3.14

LIABILITIES AND OBLIGATIONS


52


SCHEDULE 3.24

COMPANY BANK ACCOUNTS

 
Persons with check writing authority on behalf of the Company:

53


SCHEDULE 3.25

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
 
 
54


SCHEDULE 3.26

REAL PROPERTY
 
 
55


SCHEDULE 4.9

BUYER SHAREHOLDER LIST

Shareholder
Share Amounts
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
56


SCHEDULE 4.11

BUYER SEC FILINGS
 
 
 
 
 
 
57
Exhibit 3.1
 
AMENDED AND RESTATED
ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
OF
BLUE FIRE ETHANOL FUELS, INC.

(FORMERLY SUCRE AGRICULTURAL CORP.)


Pursuant to the provisions of Sections 78.385 and 78.403 of the Nevada Revised Statutes, as amended, the undersigned does hereby declare and certify that:

1.       He is the duly elected and acting President of Blue Fire Ethanol Fuels, Inc., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the State of Nevada (the “Corporation.”), and he has been authorized to execute this certificate by resolution of the Corporation’s board of directors.

2.       The Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation were originally filed by the Secretary of State on March 8, 2006.

3.       The board of directors of this Corporation duly adopted resolutions on July 2, 2006, proposing to amend and restate the Articles of Incorporation, declaring said amendment and restatement to be advisable and in the best interests of this Corporation and its stockholders and authorizing the appropriate officers of this Corporation to solicit the consent of the stockholders therefore, which resolution setting forth the proposed amendment and restatement is as follows:

RESOLVED, that the Articles of Incorporation of this Corporation be amended and restated as follows:
 
ARTICLE I

The name of the Corporation is: Blue Fire Ethanol Fuels, Inc.

ARTICLE II

The name of the corporation’s resident agent is The Corporation Trust Company of Nevada, and the street address of the said resident agent where process may be served is 6100 Neil Road, Suite 500, Reno, NV 89511.

ARTICLE III

The nature of the business and the objects and purposes proposed to be transacted, promoted or carried on by the Corporation to engage in any lawful activity. To do any and all things necessary, suitable and proper for the accomplishment of any of the purposes, the fulfillment of any of the obligations, or the furtherance of any of the powers hereinbefore set forth, either alone or in association, partnership, or joint venture with other persons, firms, or corporations, and to do every other act or acts, thing or things, incidental or appurtenant to, growing out of, or connected with, the aforesaid business or powers, any part or parts thereof, provided the same be not inconsistent with the laws under which Corporation is organized.

The above and foregoing statement of purposes shall be construed as a statement of both purposes and powers and shall not be construed as limiting in any way the powers conferred upon corporations generally by the laws of the State of Nevada.

1

 
ARTICLE IV

Section 1:       Number. The aggregate number of shares which the Corporation shall have authority to issue is One Hundred Million (100,000,000) Common Shares of one class, with unlimited voting rights, all with par value of $0.001. and One Million (1,000,000) shares of Preferred Stock, no par value, and which may be issued in one or more series at the discretion of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors is hereby vested with authority to fix by resolution or resolutions the designations and the powers, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, and qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, including without limitation the dividend rate, conversion or exchange rights, redemption price and liquidation preference, of any series of shares of Preferred Stock, and to fix the number of shares constituting any such series, and to increase or decrease the number of shares of any such series (but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding). In case the number of shares of any such series shall be so decreased, the shares constituting such decrease shall resume the status which they had prior to the adoption of the resolution or resolutions originally fixing the number of shares of such series. All shares of any one series shall be alike in every particular except as otherwise provided by these Articles of Incorporation or the Nevada Business Corporation Act.
 
Section 2:       Dividends. Dividends in cash, property or shares of the Corporation may be paid upon the stock, as and when declared by the Board of Directors, out of funds of the Corporation to the extent and in the manner permitted by law.

ARTICLE V

The holders of the capital stock of this Corporation shall not have the preemptive right to acquire additional unmissed Shares or treasury shares of the capital stock of this Corporation, or securities convertible into the shares of capital stock or carrying capital purchase warrants or privileges.

ARTICLE VI

Cumulative Voting of shares of stock of the Corporation shall not be allowed or authorized in the election of the Board of Directors of the Corporation.

ARTICLE VII

The number of directors of the Corporation shall be established in accordance with the Bylaws of the Corporation.

ARTICLE VIII

The capital stock of Corporation, after the fixed consideration thereof has been paid or performed, shall not be subject to assessment, and Stockholders of Corporation shall not be individually liable for the debts and liabilities of Corporation.

ARTICLE IX

This Corporation shall have perpetual existence.

2

 
ARTICLE X

The Board of Directors shall have the power and authority to make, alter, or amend the Bylaws; to fix the amount, in cash or otherwise, to be reserved as working capital; and to authorize and cease to be executed the mortgages and liens upon the property and franchises of Corporation.

ARTICLE XI

Section 1:       Indemnification of Directors. A director of the Corporation shall not be personally liable to the Corporation or to its shareholders for damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director of the Corporation or to its shareholders for damages otherwise existing for (i) any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to the Corporation or to its shareholders; (ii) acts or omission not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of the law; (Iii) acts revolving around any unlawful distribution or contribution; or (iv) any transaction from which the director directly or indirectly derived any improper personal benefit. If Nevada Law is hereafter amended to eliminate or limit further liability of a director, then, in addition to the elimination and limitation of liability provided by the foregoing, the liability of each director shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted under the provisions of Nevada Law as so amended. Any repeal or modification of the indemnification provided in these Articles shall not adversely affect any right or protection of a director of the Corporation under these Articles, as in effect immediately prior to such repeal or modification, with respect to any liability that would have accrued, but for this limitation of liability, prior to such repeal or modification.

Section 2:       Indemnification. The Corporation shall indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law in effect from time to time, any person, and the estate and personal representative of any such person, against all liability and expense (including, but not limited to attorney’s fees) incurred by reason of the fact that he is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, he is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, partner, trustee, employee, fiduciary, or agent of, or in any similar managerial or fiduciary position of, another domestic or foreign corporation or other individual or entity of an employee benefit plan. The Corporation shall also indemnify any person who is serving or has served the Corporation as a director, officer, employee, fiduciary, or agent and that person’s estate and personal representative to the extent and in the manner provided in any bylaw, resolution of the shareholders or directors, contract, or otherwise, so long as such provision is legally permissible.

ARTICLE XII

This Corporation shall not be governed by, nor shall the provisions of Sections 78.378 through and including 78.3793 and Section 78.411 through and including 78.444 of the Nevada Revised Statutes, as amended, in any way whatsoever affect the management, operation or be applied to Corporation. This Article XII may only be amended by a majority vote of not less than 90% of the then issued and outstanding shares of Corporation. A quorum of outstanding shares for voting on an Amendment to this Article XII shall not be met unless 95% or more of the issues and outstanding shares are present at a properly called and noticed meeting of the Stockholders. The super-majority set forth in this Article XII only applies to any attempted amendment to this Article.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation this 2nd day of July, 2006.
 
 
 
/s/ Arnold Klann, President                           
Arnold Klann, President
 
 
3
Exhibit 3.2
 
AMENDED AND RESTATED
 
BYLAWS
 
OF
 
BLUEFIRE ETHANOL FUELS, INC.
a Nevada Corporation
 
(formerly Sucre Agricultural Corp.)
 
ARTICLE I
 
OFFICES
 
Section 1.       PRINCIPAL OFFICES . The principal office shall be in the City of Las Vegas, State of California.
 
Section 2.       OTHER OFFICES . The board of directors may at any time establish branch or subordinate offices at any place or places where the corporation is qualified to do business.
 
ARTICLE II
 
MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS
 
Section 1.       PLACE OF MEETINGS . Meetings of stockholders shall be held at any place within or without the State of Nevada designated by the board of directors. In the absence of any such designation, stockholders’ meetings shall be held at the principal executive office of the corporation.
 
Section 2.       ANNUAL MEETINGS . The annual meetings of stockholders shall be held at a date and time designated by the board of directors. At such meetings, directors shall be elected and any other proper business may be transacted by a plurality vote of stockholders.
 
Section 3.       SPECIAL MEETINGS . A special meeting of the stockholders, for any purpose or purposes whatsoever, unless prescribed by statute or by the articles of incorporation, may be called at any time by the president and shall be called by the president or secretary at the request in writing of a majority of the board of directors, or at the request in writing of stockholders holding shares in the aggregate entitled to cast not less than a majority of the votes at any such meeting.
 
The request shall be in writing, specifying the time of such meeting, the place where it is to be held and the general nature of the business proposed to be transacted, and shall be delivered personally or sent by registered mail or by telegraphic or other facsimile transmission to the chairman of the board, the president, any vice president or the secretary of the corporation. The officer receiving such request forthwith shall cause notice to be given to the stockholders entitled to vote, in accordance with the provisions of Sections 4 and 5 of this Article II, that a meeting will be held at the time requested by the person or persons calling the meeting, not less than thirty-five (35) nor more than sixty (60) days after the receipt of the request. If the notice is not given within twenty (20) days after receipt of the request, the person or persons requesting the meeting may give the notice. Nothing contained in this paragraph of this Section 3 shall be construed as limiting, fixing or affecting the time when a meeting of stockholders called by action of the board of directors may be held.
 
1

 
Section 4.       NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS . All notices of meetings of stockholders shall be sent or otherwise given in accordance with Section 5 of this Article II not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days before the date of the meeting being noticed. The notice shall specify the place, date and hour of the meeting and (i) in the case of a special meeting the general nature of the business to be transacted, or (ii) in the case of the annual meeting those matters which the board of directors, at the time of giving the notice, intends to present for action by the stockholders. The notice of any meeting at which directors are to be elected shall include the name of any nominee or nominees which, at the time of the notice, management intends to present for election.
 
If action is proposed to be taken at any meeting for approval of (i) contracts or transactions in which a director has a direct or indirect financial interest, (ii) an amendment to the articles of incorporation, (iii) a reorganization of the corporation, (iv) dissolution of the corporation, or (v) a distribution to preferred stockholders, the notice shall also state the general nature of such proposal.
 
Section 5.       MANNER OF GIVING NOTICE; AFFIDAVIT OF NOTICE . Notice of any meeting of stockholders shall be given either personally or by first-class mail or telegraphic or other written communication, charges prepaid, addressed to the stockholder at the address of such stockholder appearing on the books of the corporation or given by the stockholder to the corporation for the purpose of notice. If no such address appears on the corporation’s books or is given, notice shall be deemed to have been given if sent by mail or telegram to the corporation’s principal executive office, or if published at least once in a newspaper of general circulation in the county where this office is located. Personal delivery of any such notice to any officer of a corporation or association or to any member of a partnership shall constitute delivery of such notice to such corporation, association or partnership. Notice shall be deemed to have been given at the time when delivered personally or deposited in the mail or sent by telegram or other means of written communication. In the event of the transfer of stock after delivery or mailing of the notice of and prior to the holding of the meeting, it shall not be necessary to deliver or mail notice of the meeting to the transferee.
 
If any notice addressed to a stockholder at the address of such stockholder appearing on the books of the corporation is returned to the corporation by the United States Postal Service marked to indicate that the United States Postal Service is unable to deliver the notice to the stockholder at such address, all future notices or reports shall be deemed to have been duly given without further mailing if the same shall be available to the stockholder upon written demand of the stockholder at the principal executive office of the corporation for a period of one year from the date of the giving of such notice.
 
2

 
An affidavit of the mailing or other means of giving any notice of any stockholders’ meeting shall be executed by the secretary, assistant secretary or any transfer agent of the corporation giving such notice, and shall be filed and maintained in the minute book of the corporation.
 
Business transacted at any special meeting of stockholders shall be limited to the purposes stated in the notice.
 
Section 6.       QUORUM . The presence in person or by proxy of the holders of a majority of the shares entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, except as otherwise provided by statute or the articles of incorporation. The stockholders present at a duly called or held meeting at which a quorum is present may continue to do business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum, if any action taken (other than adjournment) is approved by at least a majority of the shares required to constitute a quorum.
 
Section 7.       ADJOURNED MEETING AND NOTICE THEREOF . Any stockholders’ meeting, annual or special, whether or not a quorum is present, may be adjourned from time to time by the vote of the majority of the shares represented at such meeting, either in person or by proxy, but in the absence of a quorum, no other business may be transacted at such meeting.
 
When any meeting of stockholders, either annual or special, is adjourned to another time or place, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the time and place thereof are announced at a meeting at which the adjournment is taken. At any adjourned meeting the corporation may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting.
 
Section 8.       VOTING . Unless a record date set for voting purposes be fixed as provided in Section 1 of Article VIII of these bylaws, only persons in whose names shares entitled to vote stand on the stock records of the corporation at the close of business on the business day next preceding the day on which notice is given (or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the business day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held) shall be entitled to vote at such meeting. Any stockholder entitled to vote on any matter other than elections of directors or officers, may vote part of the shares in favor of the proposal and refrain from voting the remaining shares or vote them against the proposal, but, if the stockholder fails to specify the number of shares such stockholder is voting affirmatively, it will be conclusively presumed that the stockholder’s approving vote is with respect to all shares such stockholder is entitled to vote. Such vote may be by voice vote or by ballot; provided, however, that all elections for directors must be by ballot upon demand by a stockholder at any election and before the voting begins.
 
When a quorum is present or represented at any meeting, the vote of the holders of a majority of the stock having voting power present in person or represented by proxy shall decide any question brought before such meeting, unless the question is one upon which by express provision of the statutes or of the articles of incorporation a different vote is required in which case such express provision shall govern and control the decision of such question. Every stockholder of record of the corporation shall be entitled at each meeting of stockholders to one vote for each share of stock standing in his name on the books of the corporation.
 
3

 
Section 9.       WAIVER OF NOTICE OR CONSENT BY ABSENT   STOCKHOLDERS . The transactions at any meeting of stockholders, either annual or special, however called and noticed, and wherever held, shall be as valid as though had at a meeting duly held after regular call and notice, if a quorum be present either in person or by proxy, and if, either before or after the meeting, each person entitled to vote, not present in person or by proxy, signs a written waiver of notice or a consent to a holding of the meeting, or an approval of the minutes thereof. The waiver of notice or consent need not specify either the business to be transacted or the purpose of any regular or special meeting of stockholders, except that if action is taken or proposed to be taken for approval of any of those matters specified in the second paragraph of Section 4 of this Article II, the waiver of notice or consent shall state the general nature of such proposal. All such waivers, consents or approvals shall be filed with the corporate records or made a part of the minutes of the meeting.
 
Attendance of a person at a meeting shall also constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person objects, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened, and except that attendance at a meeting is not a waiver of any right to object to the consideration of matters not included in the notice if such objection is expressly made at the meeting.
 
Section 10.       STOCKHOLDER ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING . Any action which may be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders may be taken without a meeting and without prior notice, if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, is signed by the holders of outstanding shares having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted. All such consents shall be filed with the secretary of the corporation and shall be maintained in the corporate records. Any stockholder giving a written consent, or the stockholder’s proxy holders, or a transferee of the shares of a personal representative of the stockholder of their respective proxy holders, may revoke the consent by a writing received by the secretary of the corporation prior to the time that written consents of the number of shares required to authorize the proposed action have been filed with the secretary.
 
Section 11.       PROXIES . Every person entitled to vote for directors or on any other matter shall have the right to do so either in person or by one or more agents authorized by a written proxy signed by the person and filed with the secretary of the corporation. A proxy shall be deemed signed if the stockholder’s name is placed on the proxy (whether by manual signature, typewriting, telegraphic transmission or otherwise) by the stockholder or the stockholder’s attorney in fact. A validly executed proxy which does not state that it is irrevocable shall continue in full force and effect unless revoked by the person executing it, prior to the vote pursuant thereto, by a writing delivered to the corporation stating that the proxy is revoked or by a subsequent proxy executed by, or attendance at the meeting and voting in person by the person executing the proxy; provided, however, that no such proxy shall be valid after the expiration of six (6) months from the date of such proxy, unless coupled with an interest, or unless the person executing it specifies therein the length of time for which it is to continue in force, which in no case shall exceed seven (7) years from the date of its execution. Subject to the above and the provisions of Section 78.355 of the Nevada General Corporation Law, any proxy duly executed is not revoked and continues in full force and effect until an instrument revoking it or a duly executed proxy bearing a later date is filed with the secretary of the corporation.
 
4

 
Section 12.       INSPECTORS OF ELECTION . Before any meeting of stockholders, the board of directors may appoint any persons other than nominees for office to act as inspectors of election at the meeting or its adjournment. If no inspectors of election are appointed, the chairman of the meeting may, and on the request of any stockholder or his proxy shall, appoint inspectors of election at the meeting. The number of inspectors shall be either one (1) or three (3). If inspectors are appointed at a meeting on the request of one or more stockholders or proxies, the holders of a majority of shares or their proxies present at the meeting shall determine whether one (1) or three (3) inspectors are to be appointed. If any person appointed as inspector fails to appear or fails or refuses to act, the vacancy may be filled by appointment by the board of directors before the meeting, or by the chairman at the meeting.
 
The duties of these inspectors shall be as follows:
 
(a)       Determine the number of shares outstanding and the voting power of each, the shares represented at the meeting, the existence of a quorum, and the authenticity, validity, and effect of proxies;
 
(b)       Receive votes, ballots, or consents;
 
(c)       Hear and determine all challenges and questions in any way arising in connection with the right to vote;
 
(d)       Count and tabulate all votes or consents;
 
(e)       Determine the election result; and
 
(f)       Do any other acts that may be proper to conduct the election or vote with fairness to all stockholders.
 
ARTICLE III
 
DIRECTORS
 
Section 1.       POWERS . Subject to the provisions of the Nevada General Corporation Law and any limitations in the articles of incorporation and these bylaws relating to action required to be approved by the stockholders or by the outstanding shares, the business and affairs of the corporation shall be managed and all corporate powers shall be exercised by or under the direction of the board of directors.
 
Without prejudice to such general powers, but subject to the same limitations, it is hereby expressly declared that the directors shall have the power and authority to:
 
(a)       Select and remove all officers, agents, and employees of the corporation, prescribe such powers and duties for them as may not be inconsistent with law, with the articles of incorporation or these bylaws, fix their compensation, and require from them security for faithful service.
 
5

 
(b)       Change the principal executive office or the principal business office from one location to another; cause the corporation to be qualified to do business in any other state, territory, dependency, or foreign country and conduct business within or without the State; designate any place within or without the State for the holding of any stockholders’ meeting, or meetings, including annual meetings; adopt, make and use a corporate seal, and prescribe the forms of certificates of stock, and alter the form of such seal and of such certificates from time to time as in their judgment they may deem best, provided that such forms shall at all times comply with the provisions of law.
 
(c)       Authorize the issuance of shares of stock of the corporation from time to time, upon such terms as may be lawful, in consideration of money paid, labor done or services actually rendered, debts or securities cancelled, tangible or intangible property actually received.
 
(d)       Borrow money and incur indebtedness for the purpose of the corporation, and cause to be executed and delivered therefor, in the corporate name, promissory notes, bonds, debentures, deeds of trust, mortgages, pledges, hypothecations, or other evidences of debt and securities therefor.
 
Section 2.       NUMBER OF DIRECTORS . The number of directors which shall constitute the whole board shall not be less than one (1) nor more than nine (9). The exact number of authorized directors shall be set by resolution of the board of directors, within the limits specified above. The maximum or minimum number of directors cannot be changed, nor can a fixed number be substituted for the maximum and minimum numbers, except by a duly adopted amendment to the articles of incorporation or by an amendment to this bylaw.
 
Section 3.       QUALIFICATION, ELECTION AND TERM OF OFFICE OF DIRECTORS . Directors shall be elected at each annual meeting of the stockholders to hold office until the next annual meeting, but if any such annual meeting is not held or the directors are not elected at any annual meeting, the directors may be elected at any special meeting of stockholders held for that purpose, or at the next annual meeting of stockholders held thereafter. Each director, including a director elected to fill a vacancy, shall hold office until the expiration of the term for which elected and until a successor has been elected and qualified or until his earlier resignation or removal or his office has been declared vacant in the manner provided in these bylaws. Directors need not be stockholders.
 
Section 4.       RESIGNATION AND REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS . Any director may resign effective upon giving written notice to the chairman of the board, the president, the secretary or the board of directors of the corporation, unless the notice specifies a later time for the effectiveness of such resignation, in which case such resignation shall be effective at the time specified. Unless such resignation specifies otherwise, its acceptance by the corporation shall not be necessary to make it effective. The board of directors may declare vacant the office of a director who has been declared of unsound mind by an order of a court or convicted of a felony. Any or all of the directors may be removed without cause of such removal is approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote. No reduction of the authorized number of directors shall have the effect of removing any director before his term of office expires.
 
6

 
Section 5.       VACANCIES . Vacancies in the board of directors, may be filled by a majority of the remaining directors, though less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. Each director so elected shall hold office until the next annual meeting of the stockholders and until a successor has been elected and qualified.
 
A vacancy in the board of directors exists as to any authorized position of directors which is not then filled by a duly elected director, whether caused by death, resignation, removal, increase in the authorized number of directors or otherwise.
 
The stockholders may elect a director or directors at any time to fill any vacancy or vacancies not filled by the directors, but any such election by written consent shall require the consent of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote. If the resignation of a director is effective at a future time, the board of directors may elect a successor to take office when the resignation becomes effective.
 
If after the filling of any vacancy by the directors, the directors then in office who have been elected by the stockholders shall constitute less than a majority of the directors then in office, any holder or holders of an aggregate of five percent or more of the total number of shares at the time outstanding having the right to vote for such directors may call a special meeting of the stockholders to elect the entire board. The term of office of any director not elected by the stockholders shall terminate upon the election of a successor.
 
Section 6.       PLACE OF MEETINGS . Regular meetings of the board of directors shall be held at any place within or without the State of Nevada that has been designated from time to time by resolution of the board. In the absence of such designation, regular meetings shall be held at the principal executive office of the corporation. Special meetings of the board shall be held at any place within or without the State of Nevada that has been designated in the notice of the meeting or, if not stated in the notice or there is not notice, at the principal executive office of the corporation. Any meeting, regular or special, may be held by conference telephone or similar communication equipment, so long as all directors participating in such meeting can hear one another, and all such directors shall be deemed to be present in person at such meeting.
 
Section 7.       ANNUAL MEETINGS . Immediately following each annual meeting of stockholders, the board of directors shall hold a regular meeting for the purpose of transaction of other business. Notice of this meeting shall not be required.
 
Section 8.       OTHER REGULAR MEETINGS . Other regular meetings of the board of directors shall be held without call at such time as shall from time to time be fixed by the board of directors. Such regular meetings may be held without notice, provided the notice of any change in the time of any such meetings shall be given to all of the directors. Notice of a change in the determination of the time shall be given to each director in the same manner as notice for special meetings of the board of directors.
 
7

 
Section 9.       SPECIAL MEETINGS . Special meetings of the board of directors for any purpose or purposes may be called at any time by the chairman of the board or the president or any vice president or the secretary or any two directors.
 
Notice of the time and place of special meetings shall be delivered personally or by telephone to each director or sent by first-class mail or telegram, charges prepaid, addressed to each director at his or her address as it is shown upon the records of the corporation. In case such notice is mailed, it shall be deposited in the United States mail at least four (4) days prior to the time of the holding of the meeting. In case such notice is delivered personally, or by telephone or telegram, it shall be delivered personally or by telephone or to the telegraph company at least forty-eight (48) hours prior to the time of the holding of the meeting. Any oral notice given personally or by telephone may be communicated to either the director or to a person at the office of the director who the person giving the notice has reason to believe will promptly communicate it to the director. The notice need not specify the purpose of the meeting nor the place if the meeting is to be held at the principal executive office of the corporation.
 
Section 10.       QUORUM . A majority of the authorized number of directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, except to adjourn as hereinafter provided. Every act or decision done or made by a majority of the directors present at a meeting duly held at which a quorum is present shall be regarded as the act of the board of directors, subject to the provisions of Section 78.140 of the Nevada General Corporation Law (approval of contracts or transactions in which a director has a direct or indirect material financial interest), Section 78.125 (appointment of committees), and Section 78.751 (indemnification of directors). A meeting at which a quorum is initially present may continue to transact business notwithstanding the withdrawal of directors, if any action taken is approved by at least a majority of the required quorum for such meeting.
 
Section 11.       WAIVER OF NOTICE . The transactions of any meeting of the board of directors, however called and noticed or wherever held, shall be as valid as though had at a meeting duly held after regular call and notice if a quorum be present and if, either before or after the meeting, each of the directors not present signs a written waiver of notice, a consent to holding the meeting or an approval of the minutes thereof. The waiver of notice of consent need not specify the purpose of the meeting. All such waivers, consents and approvals shall be filed with the corporate records or made a part of the minutes of the meeting. Notice of a meeting shall also be deemed given to any director who attends the meeting without protesting, prior thereto or at its commencement, the lack of notice to such director.
 
Section 12.       ADJOURNMENT . A majority of the directors present, whether or not constituting a quorum, may adjourn any meeting to another time and place.
 
Section 13.       NOTICE OF ADJOURNMENT . Notice of the time and place of holding an adjourned meeting need not be given, unless the meeting is adjourned for more than twenty-four (24) hours, in which case notice of such time and place shall be given prior to the time of the adjourned meeting, in the manner specified in Section 8 of this Article III, to the directors who were not present at the time of the adjournment.
 
Section 14.       ACTION WITHOUT MEETING . Any action required or permitted to be taken by the board of directors may be taken without a meeting, if all members of the board shall individually or collectively consent in writing to such action. Such action by written consent shall have the same force and effect as a unanimous vote of the board of directors. Such written consent or consents shall be filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the board.
 
8

 
Section 15.       FEES AND COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS . Directors and members of committees may receive such compensation, if any, for their services, and such reimbursement of expenses, as may be fixed or determined by resolution of the board of directors. Nothing herein contained shall be construed to preclude any director from serving the corporation in any other capacity as an officer, agent, employee, or otherwise, and receiving compensation for such services. Members of special or standing committees may be allowed like compensation for attending committee meetings.
 
ARTICLE IV
 
COMMITTEES
 
Section 1.       COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS . The board of directors may, by resolution adopted by a majority of the authorized number of directors, designate one or more committees, each consisting of one or more directors, to serve at the pleasure of the board. The board may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committees, who may replace any absent member at any meeting of the committee. Any such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the board, shall have all the authority of the board, except with regard to:
 
(a)       the approval of any action which, under the Nevada General Corporation Law, also requires stockholders’ approval or approval of the outstanding shares;
 
(b)       the filing of vacancies on the board of directors or in any committees;
 
(c)       the fixing of compensation of the directors for serving on the board or on any committee;
 
(d)       the amendment or repeal of bylaws or the adoption of new bylaws;
 
(e)       the amendment or repeal of any resolution of the board of directors which by its express terms is not so amendable or repealable;
 
(f)       a distribution to the stockholders of the corporation, except at a rate or in a periodic amount or within a price range determined by the board of directors; or
 
(g)       the appointment of any other committees of the board of directors or the members thereof.
 
Section 2.       MEETINGS AND ACTION BY COMMITTEES . Meetings and action of committees shall be governed by, and held and taken in accordance with, the provisions of Article III, Sections 6 (place of meetings), 8 (regular meetings), 9 (special meetings and notice), 10 (quorum), 11 (waiver of notice), 12 (adjournment), 13 (notice of adjournment) and 14 (action without meeting), with such changes in the context of those bylaws as are necessary to substitute the committee and its members for the board of directors and its members, except that the time or regular meetings of committees may be determined by resolutions of the board of directors and notice of special meetings of committees shall also be given to all alternate members, who shall have the right to attend all meetings of the committee. The board of directors may adopt rules for the government of any committee not inconsistent with the provisions of these bylaws. The committees shall keep regular minutes of their proceedings and report the same to the board when required.
 
9

 
ARTICLE V
 
OFFICERS
 
Section 1.       OFFICERS . The officers of the corporation shall be a president, a secretary and a treasurer. The corporation may also have, at the discretion of the board of directors, a chairman of the board, one or more vice presidents, one or more assistant secretaries, one or more assistant treasurers, and such other officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 3 of this Article V. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person.
 
Section 2.       ELECTION OF OFFICERS . The officers of the corporation, except such officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 3 or Section 5 of this Article V, shall be chosen by the board of directors, and each shall serve at the pleasure of the board, subject to the rights, if any, of an officer under any contract of employment. The board of directors at its first meeting after each annual meeting of stockholders shall choose a president, a vice president, a secretary and a treasurer, none of whom need be a member of the board. The salaries of all officers and agents of the corporation shall be fixed by the board of directors.
 
Section 3.       SUBORDINATE OFFICERS, ETC . The board of directors may appoint, and may empower the president to appoint, such other officers as the business of the corporation may require, each of whom shall hold office for such period, have such authority and perform such duties as are provided in the bylaws or as the board of directors may from time to time determine.
 
Section 4.       REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION OF OFFICERS . The officers of the corporation shall hold office until their successors are chosen and qualify. Subject to the rights, if any, of an officer under any contract of employment, any officer may be removed, either with or without cause, by the board of directors, at any regular or special meeting thereof, or, except in case of an officer chosen by the board of directors, by any officer upon whom such power or removal may be conferred by the board of directors.
 
Any officer may resign at any time by giving written notice to the corporation. Any such resignation shall take effect at the date of the receipt of such notice or at any later time specified therein; and, unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Any such resignation is without prejudice to the rights, if any, of the corporation under any contract to which the officer is a party.
 
10

 
Section 5.       VACANCIES IN OFFICES . A vacancy in any office because of death, resignation, removal, disqualification or any other cause shall be filled in the manner prescribed in these bylaws for regular appointments to such office.
 
Section 6.       CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD . The chairman of the board, if such an officer be elected, shall, if present, preside at all meetings of the board of directors and exercise and perform such other powers and duties as may be from time to time assigned to him by the board of directors or prescribed by the bylaws. If there is no president, the chairman of the board shall in addition be the chief executive officer of the corporation and shall have the powers and duties prescribed in Section 7 of this Article V.
 
Section 7.       PRESIDENT . Subject to such supervisory powers, if any, as may be given by the board of directors to the chairman of the board, if there be such an officer, the president shall be the chief executive officer of the corporation and shall, subject to the control of the board of directors, have general supervision, direction and control of the business and the officers of the corporation. He shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and, in the absence of the chairman of the board, of if there be none, at all meetings of the board of directors. He shall have the general powers and duties of management usually vested in the office of president of a corporation, and shall have such other powers and duties as may be prescribed by the board of directors or the bylaws. He shall execute bonds, mortgages and other contracts requiring a seal, under the seal of the corporation, except where required or permitted by law to be otherwise signed and executed and except where the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the board of directors to some other officer or agent of the corporation.
 
Section 8.       VICE PRESIDENTS . In the absence or disability of the president, the vice presidents, if any, in order of their rank as fixed by the board of directors or, if not ranked, a vice president designated by the board of directors, shall perform all the duties of the president, and when so acting shall have all the powers of, and be subject to all the restrictions upon, the president. The vice presidents shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as from time to time may be prescribed for them respectively by the board of directors or the bylaws, the president or the chairman of the board.
 
Section 9.       SECRETARY . The secretary shall attend all meetings of the board of directors and all meetings of the stockholders and shall record, keep or cause to be kept, at the principal executive office or such other place as the board of directors may order, a book of minutes of all meetings of directors, committees of directors and stockholders, with the time and place of holding, whether regular or special, and, if special, how authorized, the notice thereof given, the names of those present at directors’ and committee meetings, the number of shares present or represented at stockholders’ meetings, and the proceedings thereof.
 
The secretary shall keep, or cause to be kept, at the principal executive office or at the office of the corporation’s transfer agent or registrar, as determined by resolution of the board of directors, a share register, or a duplicate share register, showing the names of all stockholders and their addresses, the number and classes of shares held by each, the number and date of certificates issued for the same, and the number and date of cancellation of every certificate surrendered for cancellation.
 
11

 
The secretary shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of stockholders and of the board of directors required by the bylaws or by law to be given, and he shall keep the seal of the corporation in safe custody, as may be prescribed by the board of directors or by the bylaws.
 
Section 10.       CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER/TREASURER . Unless otherwise provided by the board of directors, the chief financial officer shall be the treasurer of the Corporation. The treasurer shall keep and maintain, or cause to be kept and maintained, adequate and correct books and records of accounts of the properties and business transactions of the corporation, including accounts of its assets, liabilities, receipts, disbursements, gains, losses, capital, retained earnings and shares. The books of account shall at all reasonable times be open to inspection by any director.
 
The treasurer shall deposit all moneys and other valuables in the name and to the credit of the corporation with such depositaries as may be designated by the board of directors. He shall disburse the funds of the corporation as may be ordered by the board of directors, shall render to the president and directors, whenever they request it, an account of all of his transactions as treasurer and of the financial condition of the corporation, and shall have other powers and perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the board of directors or the bylaws.
 
If required by the board of directors, the treasurer shall give the corporation a bond in such sum and with such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the board of directors for the faithful performance of the duties of his office and for the restoration to the corporation, in case of his death, resignation, retirement or removal from office, of all books, papers, vouchers, money and other property of whatever kind in his possession or under his control belonging to the corporation.
 
ARTICLE VI
 
INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES,
AND OTHER AGENTS
 
Section 1.       ACTIONS OTHER THAN BY THE CORPORATION . The corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, except an action by or in the right of the corporation, by reason of the fact that he is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses, including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with the action, suit or proceeding if he acted in good faith and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, has no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, does not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and that, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, he had reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.
 
12

 
Section 2.       ACTIONS BY THE CORPORATION . The corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that he is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against expenses, including amounts paid in settlement and attorneys’ fees, actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with the defense or settlement of the action or suit if he acted in good faith and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation. Indemnification may not be made for any claim, issue or matter as to which such a person has been adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction, after exhaustion of all appeals therefrom, to be liable to the corporation or for amounts paid in settlement to the corporation, unless and only to the extent that the court in which the action or suit was brought or other court of competent jurisdiction determines upon application that in view of all the circumstances of the case, the person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses as the court deems proper.
 
Section 3.       SUCCESSFUL DEFENSE . To the extent that a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or proceeding referred to in Sections 1 and 2, or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, he must be indemnified by the corporation against expenses, including attorneys’ fees, actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with the defense.
 
Section 4.       REQUIRED APPROVAL . Any indemnification under Sections 1 and 2, unless ordered by a court or advanced pursuant to Section 5, must be made by the corporation only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination that indemnification of the director, officer, employee or agent is proper in the circumstances. The determination must be made:
 
(a)    By the stockholders;
 
(b)    By the board of directors by majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to the act, suit or proceeding;
 
(c)    If a majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to the act, suit or proceeding so orders, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion; or
 
(d)    If a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to the act, suit or proceeding cannot be obtained, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion.
 
Section 5.       ADVANCE OF EXPENSES . The articles of incorporation, the bylaws or an agreement made by the corporation may provide that the expenses of officers and directors incurred in defending a civil or criminal action, suit or proceeding must be paid by the corporation as they are incurred and in advance of the final disposition of the action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the director or officer to repay the amount if it is ultimately determined by a court of competent jurisdiction that he is not entitled to be indemnified by the corporation. The provisions of this section do not affect any rights to advancement of expenses to which corporate personnel other than directors or officers may be entitled under any contract or otherwise by law.
 
13

 
Section 6.       OTHER RIGHTS . The indemnification and advancement of expenses authorized in or ordered by a court pursuant to this Article VI:
 
(a)    Does not exclude any other rights to which a person seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under the articles of incorporation or any bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, for either an action in his official capacity or an action in another capacity while holding his office, except that indemnification, unless ordered by a court pursuant to Section 2 or for the advancement of expenses made pursuant to Section 5, may not be made to or on behalf of any director or officer if a final adjudication establishes that his acts or omissions involved intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing violation of the law and was material to the cause of action.
 
(b)    Continues for a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and inures to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person.
 
Section 7.       INSURANCE . The corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise for any liability asserted against him and incurred by him in any such capacity, or arising out of his status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify him against such liability under the provisions of this Article VI.
 
Section 8.       RELIANCE ON PROVISIONS . Each person who shall act as an authorized representative of the corporation shall be deemed to be doing so in reliance upon the rights of indemnification provided by this Article.
 
Section 9.       SEVERABILITY . If any of the provisions of this Article are held to be invalid or unenforceable, this Article shall be construed as if it did not contain such invalid or unenforceable provision and the remaining provisions of this Article shall remain in full force and effect.
 
Section 10.     RETROACTIVE EFFECT . To the extent permitted by applicable law, the rights and powers granted pursuant to this Article VI shall apply to acts and actions occurring or in progress prior to its adoption by the board of directors.
 
ARTICLE VII
 
RECORDS AND BOOKS
 
Section 1.       MAINTENANCE OF SHARE REGISTER . The corporation shall keep at its principal executive office, or at the office of its transfer agent or registrar, if either be appointed and as determined by resolution of the board of directors, a record of its stockholders, giving the names and addresses of all stockholders and the number and class of shares held by each stockholder.
 
14

 
Section 2.       MAINTENANCE OF BYLAWS . The corporation shall keep at its principal executive office, or if its principal executive office is not in this State at its principal business office in this State, the original or a copy of the bylaws as amended to date, which shall be open to inspection by the stockholders at all reasonable times during office hours. If the principal executive office of the corporation is outside this state and the corporation has no principal business office in this state, the secretary shall, upon the written request of any stockholder, furnish to such stockholder a copy of the bylaws as amended to date.
 
Section 3.       MAINTENANCE OF OTHER CORPORATE RECORDS . The accounting books and records and minutes of proceedings of the stockholders and the board of directors and any committee or committees of the board of directors shall be kept at such place or places designated by the board of directors, or, in the absence of such designation, at the principal executive office of the corporation. The minutes shall be kept in written form and the accounting books and records shall be kept either in written form or in any other form capable of being converted into written form.
 
Every director shall have the absolute right at any reasonable time to inspect and copy all books, records and documents of every kind and to inspect the physical properties of this corporation and any subsidiary of this corporation. Such inspection by a director may be made in person or by agent or attorney and the right of inspection includes the right to copy and make extracts. The foregoing rights of inspection shall extend to the records of each subsidiary of the corporation.
 
Section 4.       ANNUAL REPORT TO STOCKHOLDERS . Nothing herein shall be interpreted as prohibiting the board of directors from issuing annual or other periodic reports to the stockholders of the corporation as they deem appropriate.
 
Section 5.       FINANCIAL STATEMENTS . A copy of any annual financial statement and any income statement of the corporation for each quarterly period of each fiscal year, and any accompanying balance sheet of the corporation as of the end of each such period, that has been prepared by the corporation shall be kept on file in the principal executive office of the corporation for twelve (12) months.
 
Section 6.       ANNUAL LIST OF DIRECTORS, OFFICERS AND RESIDENT AGENTS . The corporation shall, on or before December 31st of each year, file with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada, on the prescribed form, a list of its officers and directors and a designation of its resident agent in Nevada.
 
ARTICLE VIII
 
GENERAL CORPORATE MATTERS
 
Section 1.       RECORD DATE . For purposes of determining the stockholders entitled to notice of any meeting or to vote or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any other lawful action, the board of directors may fix, in advance, a record date, which shall not be more than sixty (60) days nor less than ten (10) days prior to the date of any such meeting nor more than sixty (60) days prior to any other action, and in such case only stockholders of record on the date so fixed are entitled to notice and to vote or to receive the dividend, distribution or allotment of rights or to exercise the rights, as the case may be, notwithstanding any transfer of any shares on the books of the corporation after the record date fixed as aforesaid, except as otherwise provided in the Nevada General Corporation Law.
 
15

 
If the board of directors does not so fix a record date:
 
(a)    The record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the business day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held.
 
(b)    The record date for determining stockholders entitled to give consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, when no prior action by the board has been taken, shall be the day on which the first written consent is given.
 
(c)    The record date for determining stockholders for any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the board adopts the resolution relating thereto, or the sixtieth (60th) day prior to the date of such other action, whichever is later.
 
Section 2.       CLOSING OF TRANSFER BOOKS PROHIBITED . In connection with the determination of stockholders entitled to notice of any meeting or to vote or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or entitled to exercise any right in respect of any other lawful action, the board of directors shall not close the stock transfer books of the corporation for any reason but shall instead fix a record date for such determination in the manner provided in Section 1 of Article VIII of these bylaws.
 
Section 3.       REGISTERED STOCKHOLDERS . The corporation shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to receive dividends, and to vote as such owner, and to hold liable for calls and assessments a person registered on its books as the owner of shares, and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of Nevada.
 
Section 4.       CHECKS, DRAFTS, EVIDENCES OF INDEBTEDNESS . All checks, drafts or other orders for payment of money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness, issued in the name of or payable to the corporation, shall be signed or endorsed by such person or persons and in such manner as, from time to time, shall be determined by resolution of the board of directors.
 
Section 5.       CORPORATE CONTRACTS AND INSTRUMENTS; HOW EXECUTED . The board of directors, except as in the bylaws otherwise provided, may authorize any officer or officers, agent or agents, to enter into any contract or execute any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the corporation, and such authority may be general or confined to specific instances; and, unless so authorized or ratified by the board of directors or within the agency power or authority to bind the corporation by any contract or engagement or to pledge its credit or to render it liable for any purpose or to any amount.
 
16

 
Section 6.       STOCK CERTIFICATES . A certificate or certificates for shares of the capital stock of the corporation shall be issued to each stockholder when any such shares are fully paid, and the board of directors may authorize the issuance of certificates or shares as partly paid provided that such certificates shall state the amount of the consideration to be paid therefor and the amount paid thereon. All certificates shall be signed in the name of the corporation by the president or vice president and by the treasurer or an assistant treasurer or the secretary or any assistant secretary, certifying the number of shares and the class or series of shares owned by the stockholder. When the corporation is authorized to issue shares of more than one class or more than one series of any class, there shall be set forth upon the face or back of the certificate, or the certificate shall have a statement that the corporation will furnish to any stockholders upon request and without charge, a full or summary statement of the designations, preferences and relatives, participating, optional or other special rights of the various classes of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such rights, and, if the corporation shall be authorized to issue only special stock, such certificate must set forth in full or summarize the rights of the holders of such stock. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the corporation with the same effect as if such person were an officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.
 
No new certificate for shares shall be issued in place of any certificate theretofore issued unless the latter is surrendered and cancelled at the same time; provided, however, that a new certificate may be issued without the surrender and cancellation of the old certificate if the certificate thereto fore issued is alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed. In case of any such allegedly lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, the corporation may require the owner thereof or the legal representative of such owner to give the corporation a bond (or other adequate security) sufficient to indemnify it against any claim that may be made against it (including any expense or liability) on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of any such certificate or the issuance of such new certificate.
 
Section 7.       DIVIDENDS . Dividends upon the capital stock of the corporation, subject to the provisions of the articles of incorporation, if any, may be declared by the board of directors at any regular or special meeting pursuant to law. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property, or in shares of the capital stock, subject to the provisions of the articles of incorporation.
 
Before payment of any dividend, there may be set aside out of any funds of the corporation available for dividends such sum or sums as the directors from time to time, in their absolute discretion, think proper as a reserve or reserves to meet contingencies, or for equalizing dividends, or for repairing or maintaining any property of the corporation, or for such other purpose as the directors shall think conducive to the interest of the corporation, and the directors may modify or abolish any such reserves in the manner in which it was created.
 
17

 
Section 8.       FISCAL YEAR . The fiscal year of the corporation shall be fixed by resolution of the board of directors.
 
Section 9.       SEAL . The corporate seal shall have inscribed thereon the name of the corporation, the year of its incorporation and the words “Corporate Seal, Nevada.”
 
Section 10.       REPRESENTATION OF SHARES OF OTHER CORPORA-TIONS . The chairman of the board, the president, or any vice president, or any other person authorized by resolution of the board of directors by any of the foregoing designated officers, is authorized to vote on behalf of the corporation any and all shares of any other corporation or corporations, foreign or domestic, standing in the name of the corporation. The authority herein granted to said officers to vote or represent on behalf of the corporation any and all shares held by the corporation in any other corporation or corporations may be exercised by any such officer in person or by any person authorized to do so by proxy duly executed by said officer.
 
Section 11.       CONSTRUCTION AND DEFINITIONS . Unless the context requires otherwise, the general provisions, rules of construction, and definitions in the Nevada General Corporation Law shall govern the construction of the bylaws. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the singular number includes the plural, the plural number includes the singular, and the term “person” includes both a corporation and a natural person.
 
ARTICLE IX
 
AMENDMENTS
 
Section 1.       AMENDMENT BY STOCKHOLDERS . New bylaws may be adopted or these bylaws may be amended or repealed by the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, or by the written assent of stockholders entitled to vote such shares, except as otherwise provided by law or by the articles of incorporation.
 
Section 2.       AMENDMENT BY DIRECTORS . Subject to the rights of the stockholders as provided in Section 1 of this Article, bylaws may be adopted, amended or repealed by the board of directors.
18


C E R T I F I C A T E O F S E C R E T A R Y
 
I, the undersigned, do hereby certify:
 
1.       That I am the duly elected and acting secretary of BlueFire Ethanol Fuels, Inc. (formerly Sucre Agricultural Corp.), a Nevada corporation; and
 
2.       That the foregoing Amended and Restated Bylaws, comprising eighteen (18) pages, constitute the Bylaws of said corporation as duly adopted by the board of directors of said corporation by a Unanimous Written Consent dated as of May 27, 2006.
 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto subscribed my name and affixed the seal of said corporation this 27th day of May 2006.
 

 
 
/s/ Necitas Camanga Sumait                         
 
 
19
Exhibit 10.1
 
BOARD OF DIRECTORS  - RETAINER AGREEMENT
 
This agreement made as of the 1 st day of May, 2006 between BlueFire Ethanol, Inc., with its principal place of business at 18201 Von Karman Ste 550, CA 92612 (“BlueFire”) and ________________, with an address of ____________________________________, provides for director services, according to the following:
 
I. Services Provided
     
BlueFire agrees to engage --_________________ to serve as a member of the Board of Directors (the “Director”) and to provide those services required of a director under BlueFire’s Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws (“Articles and Bylaws”), as both may be amended from time, to time and under the General Corporation Law of Delaware, the federal securities laws and other state and federal laws and regulations, as applicable.
 
II. Nature of Relationship
 
The Director is an independent contractor and will not be deemed an employee of BlueFire for purposes of employee benefits, income tax withholding, F.I.C.A. taxes, unemployment benefits or otherwise.  The Director shall not enter into any agreement or incur any obligations on BlueFire’s behalf.
 
BlueFire will supply, at no cost to the Director:  periodic briefings on the business, director packages for each board and committee meeting, copies of minutes of meetings and any other materials that are required under BlueFire’s Articles and Bylaws or the charter of any committee of the board on which the director serves and any other materials which may, by mutual agreement, be necessary for performing the services requested under this contract.
 
III. Director’s Warranties
 
The Director warrants that no other party has exclusive rights to his services in the specific areas described and that the Director is in no way compromising any rights or trust between any other party and the Director or creating a conflict of interest.  The Director also warrants that no other agreement will be entered into that will create a conflict of interest with this agreement.  The Director further warrants that he will comply with all applicable state and federal laws and regulations, as applicable, including Sections 10 and 16 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934.
 
Throughout the term of this agreement and for a period of six months thereafter, the Director agrees he will not, without obtaining BlueFire’s prior written consent, directly or indirectly engage or prepare to engage in any activity in competition with any BlueFire business or product, including products in the development stage, accept employment or provide services to (including service as a member of a board of directors), or establish a business in competition with BlueFire.
 
IV. Compensation
     
A.  Retainer
 
BlueFire shall pay the Director a nonrefundable retainer of $5,000 per year during the term of this agreement (prorate for the first year) to provide the services described in Section I which shall compensate him for all time spent preparing for, traveling to (if applicable) and attending board of director meetings during the year; provided, however, that if more than three board meetings require out-of-town travel time, such additional travel time may be billed at the rate set forth in subparagraph C. below.  The retainer shall be provided for portions of the term less than a full calendar year.  This retainer may be revised by action of BlueFire’s Board of Directors from time to time.  Such revision shall be effective as of the date specified in the resolution for payments not yet made and need not be documented by an amendment to this agreement.
 
1

 
B.  Stock Options
 
Subject to approval by the Board of Directors, an annual grant of an option to purchase BlueFire common stock, par value $.001 per share, shall be made to the Director.  The grant shall consist of an option to purchase a specified number of shares under the term of BlueFire’s 2006 Equity Incentive Plan or then effective incentive plan.  The specified number of shares for a new appointment to the Board shall be 5,000 shares in 2006, which grant has already been made, and an annual grant at the discretion of the Board.  Currently this grant is of 1,000 shares.  Twenty-five percent of the option shall vest on each quarterly anniversary of the date of grant.  The amount and terms of the annual option grant may be revised by action of BlueFire’s Board of Directors from time to time.  Such revision shall be effective as of the date specified in the resolution for any grants not yet made and need not be documented by an amendment to this agreement.
 
C.  Additional Payments
 
To the extent services described in Section I require more than three out-of-town trips, such additional travel time may be charged at the rate of $1,000 per day or part thereof.   This rate may be revised by action of BlueFire’s Board of Directors from time to time for payments not yet made.  Such revision shall be effective as of the date specified in the resolution and need not be documented by an amendment to this agreement.
 
D.  Payment
 
Retainer payments shall be made quarterly in cash in advance on the first day of each accounting quarter.  Additional payments shall be made in arrears.  No invoices need be submitted by the Director for payment of the retainer.  Invoices for additional payments under C, above, shall be submitted. Such invoices must be approved by BlueFire’s Chief Executive Officer as to form and completeness.
 
E.  Expenses
 
BlueFire will reimburse the Director for reasonable expenses approved in advance, such approval not to be unreasonably withheld.  Invoices for expenses, with receipts attached, shall be submitted. Such invoices must be approved by BlueFire’s Chief Executive Officer as to form and completeness.
 
V. Indemnification and Insurance
 
BlueFire will execute an indemnification agreement in favor of the Director substantially in the form of the agreement attached hereto as Exhibit B.  In addition, BlueFire will provide directors and officers liability insurance.
 
VI. Term of Agreement
 
This agreement shall be in effect from 1 st day of May, 2006 through the last date of the Director’s current term as a member of BlueFire’s Board of Directors.  This agreement shall be automatically renewed on the date of the Director’s reelection as a member of BlueFire’s Board of Director’s for the period of such new term unless the Board of Directors determines not to renew this agreement.   Any amendment to this agreement must be approved by a written action of BlueFire’s Board of Directors.  Amendments to Section IV Compensation hereof do not require the Director’s consent to be effective.
 
2

 
VII. Termination
 
This agreement shall automatically terminate upon the death of the Director or upon his resignation or removal from, or failure to win election or reelection to, the BlueFire Board of Directors.
 
In the event of any termination of this agreement, the Director agrees to return any materials transferred to the Director under this agreement except as may be necessary to fulfill any outstanding obligations hereunder.  The Director agrees that BlueFire has the right of injunctive relief to enforce this provision.
 
BlueFire’s obligation in the event of such termination shall be to pay the Director the retainer and other payments due through the date of termination.
 
Termination shall not relieve either party of its continuing obligation under this agreement with respect to confidentiality of proprietary information.
 
VIII. Limitation of Liability
 
Under no circumstances shall BlueFire be liable to the Director for any consequential damages claimed by any other party as a result of representations made by the Director with respect to BlueFire which are different from any to those made in writing by BlueFire.
 
Furthermore, except for the maintenance of confidentiality, neither party shall be liable to the other for delay in any performance, or for failure to render any performance under this agreement when such delay or failure is caused by Government regulations (whether or not valid), fire, strike, differences with workmen, illness of employees, flood, accident, or any other cause or causes beyond reasonable control of such delinquent party.
 
IX. Confidentiality
 
The Director agrees to sign and abide by BlueFire’s Director Proprietary Information and Inventions Agreement, a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit A.
 
X. Resolution of Dispute
 
Any dispute regarding the agreement (including without limitation its validity, interpretation, performance, enforcement, termination and damages) shall be determined in accordance with the laws of the State of California, the United States of America.  Any action under this paragraph shall not preclude any party hereto from seeking injunctive or other legal relief to which each party may be entitled.
 
XI. Sole Agreement
 
This agreement (including agreements executed in substantially in the form of the exhibits attached hereto) supersedes all prior or contemporaneous written or oral understandings or agreements, and may not be added to, modified, or waived, in whole or in part, except by a writing signed by the party against whom such addition, modification or waiver is sought to be asserted.
 
XII. Assignment
 
This agreement and all of the provisions hereof shall be binding upon and insure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and, except as otherwise expressly provided herein, neither this agreement, nor any of the rights, interests or obligations hereunder shall be assigned by either of the parties hereto without the prior written consent of the other party.
 
3

 
XIII. Notices
 
Any and all notices, requests and other communications required or permitted hereunder shall be in writing, registered mail or by facsimile, to each of the parties at the addresses set forth above or the numbers set forth below:
 
The Director:
Attention:
Telephone:
 
 
Facsimile:
 
     
BlueFire:
Attention:
Arnold R. Klann
 
Telephone:
800-511-4471
Facsimile:
949-752-9389
 
Any such notice shall be deemed given when received and notice given by registered mail shall be considered to have been given on the tenth (10th) day after having been sent in the manner provided for above.
 
XIV. Survival of Obligations
 
Notwithstanding the expiration of termination of this agreement, neither party hereto shall be released hereunder from any liability or obligation to the other which has already accrued as of the time of such expiration or termination (including, without limitation, BlueFire’s obligation to make any fees and expense payments required pursuant to Article IV hereof) or which thereafter might accrue in respect of any act or omission of such party prior to such expiration or termination.
 
XV. Severability
 
Any provision of this agreement which is determined to be invalid or unenforceable shall not affect the remainder of this agreement, which shall remain in effect as though the invalid or unenforceable provision had not been included herein, unless the removal of the invalid or unenforceable provision would substantially defeat the intent, purpose or spirit of this agreement.
 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this agreement to be executed by their duly authorized officers, as of the date first written above.
 
Signature:
   
Date:
___/___/06
   
By:
   
Title:
Director
   
 
BlueFire Ethanol, Inc.
   
Signature:
   
Date:
___/___/06
   
By:
Arnold R. Klann
Title:
 
President and Chief Executive Officer
             
 
4

 
EXHIBIT A
 
 
BOARD OF DIRECTORS PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
 
AND INVENTIONS AGREEMENT
 
 
WHEREAS, the parties desire to assure the confidential status of the information which may be disclosed by BlueFire to the Director; NOW THEREFORE, in reliance upon and in consideration of the following undertaking, the parties agree as follows:
 
1.      Subject to the limitations set forth in Paragraph 2, all information disclosed by BlueFire to the Director shall be deemed to be "Proprietary Information".  In particular, Proprietary Information shall be deemed to include any information, process, technique, algorithm, program, design, drawing, formula or test data relating to any research project, work in process, future development, engineering, manufacturing, marketing, servicing, financing or personnel matter relating to BlueFire, its present or future products, sales, suppliers, customers, employees, investors, or business, whether or oral, written, graphic or electronic form.
 
2.      The term "Proprietary Information" shall not be deemed to include information which the Director can demonstrate by competent written proof. (i) is now, or hereafter becomes, through no act or failure to act on the part of the Director, generally known or available; (ii) is known by the Director at the time of receiving such information as evidenced by its records: (iii) is hereafter furnished to the Director by a third party, as a matter of right and without restriction on disclosure; or (iv) is the subject of a written permission to disclose provided by BlueFire.
 
3.      The Director shall maintain in trust and confidence and not disclose to any third party or use for any unauthorized purpose any Proprietary Information received from BlueFire.  The Director may use such Proprietary Information only to the extent required to accomplish the purposes of this Agreement.  The Director shall not use Proprietary Information for any purpose or in any manner which would constitute a violation of any laws or regulations, including without limitation the export control laws of the United States.  No other rights of licenses to trademarks, inventions, copyrights, or patents are implied or granted under this Agreement.
 
4.      Proprietary Information supplied shall not be reproduced in any form except as required to accomplish the intent of this Agreement.
 
5.      The Director represents and warrants that he shall protect the Proprietary Information received with at least the same degree of care used to protect its own Proprietary Information from unauthorized use or disclosure.  The Director shall advise its employees or agents who might have access to such Proprietary Information of the confidential nature thereof and shall obtain from each of such employers and agents an agreement to abide by the terms of this Agreement.  The Director shall not disclose any Proprietary Information to any officer, employee or agent who does not have a need for such information.
 
6.      All Proprietary Information (including all copies thereof) shall remain in the property of BlueFire, and shall be returned to BlueFire after Director's need for it has expired, or upon request of BlueFire, and in any event, upon completion or termination of this Agreement.
 
A-1

 
7.      Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, disclosure of Proprietary Information shall not be precluded if such disclosure:
 
(a)   is in response to a valid order of a court or other governmental body of the United States or any political subdivision thereof; provided, however, that the responding party shall first have given notice to the other party hereto and shall have made a reasonable effort to obtain a protective order requiring that the Proprietary Information so disclosed be used only for the purpose for which the order was issued;
 
(b)   is otherwise required by law; or
 
(c)   is otherwise necessary to establish rights or enforced obligations under this Agreement, but only to the extent that any such disclosure is necessary.
 
8.      This Agreement shall continue in full force and effect for so long as the Director continues to receive Proprietary Information.  This Agreement may be terminated at any time upon thirty (30) days written notice to the other party.  The termination of the Agreement shall not relieve the Director of the obligations imposed by Paragraphs 3, 4, 5 and 12 of this Agreement with respect to Proprietary information disclosed prior to the effective date of such termination and the provisions of these Paragraphs shall survive the termination of this Agreement for a period of five (5) years from the date of such termination.
 
9.      The Director agrees to indemnify BlueFire for any loss or damage suffered as a result of any breach by the Director of the terms of this Agreement, including any reasonable fees incurred by BlueFire in the collection of such indemnity.
 
10.     This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of California as those laws are applied to contracts entered into and to be performed entirely in California by California residents.
 
11.     This Agreement contains the final, complete and exclusive agreement of the parties relative to the subject matter hereof and may not be changed, modified, amended or supplemented except by a written instrument signed by both parties.
 
12.     Each party hereby acknowledges and agrees that in the event of any breach of this Agreement by the Director, including, without limitation, an actual or threatened disclosure of Proprietary Information without the prior express written consent of BlueFire, BlueFire will suffer an irreparable injury, such that no remedy at law will afford it adequate protection against, or appropriate compensation for, such injury.  Accordingly, each party hereby agrees that BlueFire shall be entitled to specific performance of the Director's obligations under this Agreement, as well as such further injunctive relief as may be granted by a court of competent jurisdiction.
 
AGREED TO:
AGREED TO:
BlueFire Ethanol, Inc.
 
18201 Von Karman Ste 550
 
Irvine, CA 92612
By:
/s/ Arnold R. Klann
 
By:
 
Name:
Arnold R. Klann
 
Name:
 
Title:
President & CEO
 
Title:
Director
 
A-2

 
EXHIBIT B
 
 
INDEMNITY AGREEMENT
 
 
THIS AGREEMENT is made and entered into this _____ day of _______, 2006 by and between BLUEFIRE ETHANOL, INC ., Delaware corporation (the “Corporation”), and _________________ (“Agent”).
 
RECITALS
 
 
WHEREAS, Agent performs a valuable service to the Corporation in his capacity as Director of the Corporation;
 
WHEREAS, the stockholders of the Corporation have adopted bylaws (the “Bylaws”) providing for the indemnification of the directors, officers, employees and other agents of the Corporation, including persons serving at the request of the Corporation in such capacities with other corporations or enterprises, as authorized by the Delaware General Corporation Law, as amended (the “Code”);
 
WHEREAS, the Bylaws and the Code, by their non-exclusive nature, permit contracts between the Corporation and its agents, officers, employees and other agents with respect to indemnification of such persons; and
 
WHEREAS, in order to induce Agent to continue to serve as Director of the Corporation, the Corporation has determined and agreed to enter into this Agreement with Agent;
 
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of Agent’s continued service as Director after the date hereof, the parties hereto agree as follows:
 
AGREEMENT
 
1. Services to the Corporation. Agent will serve, at the will of the Corporation or under separate contract, if any such contract exists, as Director of the Corporation or as a director, officer or other fiduciary of an affiliate of the Corporation (including any employee benefit plan of the Corporation) faithfully and to the best of his ability so long as he is duly elected and qualified in accordance with the provisions of the Bylaws or other applicable charter documents of the Corporation or such affiliate; provided, however, that Agent may at anytime and for any reason resign from such position (subject to any contractual obligation that Agent may have assumed apart from this Agreement) and that the Corporation or any affiliate shall have no obligation under this Agreement to continue Agent in any such position.
 
2. Indemnity of Agent. The Corporation hereby agrees to hold harmless and indemnify Agent to the fullest extent authorized or permitted by the provisions of the Bylaws and the Code, as the same may be amended from time to time (but, only to the extent that such amendment permits the Corporation to provide broader indemnification rights than the Bylaws or the Code permitted prior to adoption of such amendment).
 
B-1

 
3. Additional Indemnity. In addition to and not in limitation of the indemnification otherwise provided for herein, and subject only to the exclusions set forth in Section 4 hereof, the Corporation hereby further agrees to hold harmless and indemnify Agent:
 
(a) against any and all expenses (including attorneys’ fees), witness fees, damages, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement and any other amounts that Agent becomes legally obligated to pay because of any claim or claims made against or by him in connection with any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, arbitrational, administrative or investigative (including an action by or in the right of the Corporation) to which Agent is, was or at any time becomes a party, or is threatened to be made a party, by reason of the fact that Agent is, was or at any time becomes a director, officer, employee or other agent of Corporation, or is or was serving or at any time serves at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or other agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise; and
 
(b) otherwise to the fullest extent as may be provided to Agent by the Corporation under the non-exclusivity provisions of the Code and Section 41 of the Bylaws.
 
4. Limitations on Additional Indemnity. No indemnity pursuant to Section 3 hereof shall be paid by the Corporation:
 
(a) on account of any claim against Agent solely for an accounting of profits made from the purchase or sale by Agent of securities of the Corporation pursuant to the provisions of Section 16(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and amendments thereto or similar provisions of any federal, state or local statutory law;
 
(b) on account of Agent’s conduct that is established by a final judgment as knowingly fraudulent or deliberately dishonest or that constituted willful misconduct;
 
(c) on account of Agent’s conduct that is established by a final judgment as constituting a breach of Agent’s duty of loyalty to the Corporation or resulting in any personal profit or advantage to which Agent was not legally entitled;
 
(d) for which payment is actually made to Agent under a valid and collectible insurance policy or under a valid and enforceable indemnity clause, bylaw or agreement, except in respect of any excess beyond payment under such insurance, clause, bylaw or agreement;
 
(e) if indemnification is not lawful (and, in this respect, both the Corporation and Agent have been advised that the Securities and Exchange Commission believes that indemnification for liabilities arising under the federal securities laws is against public policy and is, therefore, unenforceable and that claims for indemnification should be submitted to appropriate courts for adjudication); or
 
(f) in connection with any proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by Agent, or any proceeding by Agent against the Corporation or its directors, officers, employees or other agents, unless (i) such indemnification is expressly required to be made by law, (ii) the proceeding was authorized by the Board of Directors of the Corporation, (iii) such indemnification is provided by the Corporation, in its sole discretion, pursuant to the powers vested in the Corporation under the Code, or (iv) the proceeding is initiated pursuant to Section 9 hereof.
 
B-2

 
5. Continuation of Indemnity. All agreements and obligations of the Corporation contained herein shall continue during the period Agent is a director, officer, employee or other agent of the Corporation (or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or other agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise) and shall continue thereafter so long as Agent shall be subject to any possible claim or threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, arbitrational, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that Agent was serving in the capacity referred to herein.
 
6. Partial Indemnification. Agent shall be entitled under this Agreement to indemnification by the Corporation for a portion of the expenses (including attorneys’ fees), witness fees, damages, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement and any other amounts that Agent becomes legally obligated to pay in connection with any action, suit or proceeding referred to in Section 3 hereof even if not entitled hereunder to indemnification for the total amount thereof, and the Corporation shall indemnify Agent for the portion thereof to which Agent is entitled.
 
7. Notification and Defense of Claim. Not later than thirty (30) days after receipt by Agent of notice of the commencement of any action, suit or proceeding, Agent will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the Corporation under this Agreement, notify the Corporation of the commencement thereof; but the omission so to notify the Corporation will not relieve it from any liability which it may have to Agent otherwise than under this Agreement. With respect to any such action, suit or proceeding as to which Agent notifies the Corporation of the commencement thereof:
 
(a)   the Corporation will be entitled to participate therein at its own expense;
 
(b)   except as otherwise provided below, the Corporation may, at its option and jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified and electing to assume such defense, assume the defense thereof, with counsel reasonably satisfactory to Agent. After notice from the Corporation to Agent of its election to assume the defense thereof, the Corporation will not be liable to Agent under this Agreement for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by Agent in connection with the defense thereof except for reasonable costs of investigation or otherwise as provided below. Agent shall have the right to employ separate counsel in such action, suit or proceeding but the fees and expenses of such counsel incurred after notice from the Corporation of its assumption of the defense thereof shall be at the expense of Agent unless (i) the employment of counsel by Agent has been authorized by the Corporation, (ii) Agent shall have reasonably concluded, and so notified the Corporation, that there is an actual conflict of interest between the Corporation and Agent in the conduct of the defense of such action or (iii) the Corporation shall not in fact have employed counsel to assume the defense of such action, in each of which cases the fees and expenses of Agent’s separate counsel shall be at the expense of the Corporation. The Corporation shall not be entitled to assume the defense of any action, suit or proceeding brought by or on behalf of the Corporation or as to which Agent shall have made the conclusion provided for in clause (ii) above; and
 
(c)   the Corporation shall not be liable to indemnify Agent under this Agreement for any amounts paid in settlement of any action or claim effected without its written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld. The Corporation shall be permitted to settle any action except that it shall not settle any action or claim in any manner which would impose any penalty or limitation on Agent without Agent’s written consent, which may be given or withheld in Agent’s sole discretion.
 
8. Expenses. The Corporation shall advance, prior to the final disposition of any proceeding, promptly following request therefore, all expenses incurred by Agent in connection with such proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of Agent to repay said amounts if it shall be determined ultimately that Agent is not entitled to be indemnified under the provisions of this Agreement, the Bylaws, the Code or otherwise.
 
B-3

 
9. Enforcement. Any right to indemnification or advances granted by this Agreement to Agent shall be enforceable by or on behalf of Agent in any court of competent jurisdiction if (i) the claim for indemnification or advances is denied, in whole or in part, or (ii) no disposition of such claim is made within ninety (90) days of request therefore. Agent, in such enforcement action, if successful in whole or in part, shall be entitled to be paid also the expense of prosecuting his claim. It shall be a defense to any action for which a claim for indemnification is made under Section 3 hereof (other than an action brought to enforce a claim for expenses pursuant to Section 8 hereof, provided that the required undertaking has been tendered to the Corporation) that Agent is not entitled to indemnification because of the limitations set forth in Section 4 hereof. Neither the failure of the Corporation (including its Board of Directors or its stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such enforcement action that indemnification of Agent is proper in the circumstances, nor an actual determination by the Corporation (including its Board of Directors or its stockholders) that such indemnification is improper shall be a defense to the action or create a presumption that Agent is not entitled to indemnification under this Agreement or otherwise.
 
10. Subrogation. In the event of payment under this Agreement, the Corporation shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of recovery of Agent, who shall execute all documents required and shall do all acts that may be necessary to secure such rights and to enable the Corporation effectively to bring suit to enforce such rights.
 
11. Non-Exclusivity of Rights. The rights conferred on Agent by this Agreement shall not be exclusive of any other right which Agent may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws, agreement, vote of stockholders or directors, or otherwise, both as to action in his official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding office.
 
12. Survival of Rights.
 
(a)   The rights conferred on Agent by this Agreement shall continue after Agent has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or other agent of the Corporation or to serve at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or other agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise and shall inure to the benefit of Agent’s heirs, executors and administrators.
 
(b)   The Corporation shall require any successor (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business or assets of the Corporation, expressly to assume and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the Corporation would be required to perform if no such succession had taken place.
 
13. Separability. Each of the provisions of this Agreement is a separate and distinct agreement and independent of the others, so that if any provision hereof shall be held to be invalid for any reason, such invalidity or unenforceability shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the other provisions hereof. Furthermore, if this Agreement shall be invalidated in its entirety on any ground, then the Corporation shall nevertheless indemnify Agent to the fullest extent provided by the Bylaws, the Code or any other applicable law.
 
14. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be interpreted and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware.
 
15. Amendment and Termination. No amendment, modification, termination or cancellation of this Agreement shall be effective unless in writing signed by both parties hereto.
 
16. Identical Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute but one and the same Agreement. Only one such counterpart need be produced to evidence the existence of this Agreement.
 
17. Headings. The headings of the sections of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not be deemed to constitute part of this Agreement or to affect the construction hereof.
 
B-4

 
18. Notices. All notices, requests, demands and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given (i) upon delivery if delivered by hand to the party to whom such communication was directed or (ii) upon the third business day after the date on which such communication was mailed if mailed by certified or registered mail with postage prepaid:
 
(a)   If to Agent, to: 
 
(b)   If to the Corporation, to:
 
BLUEFIRE ETHANOL, INC.
 
18201 Von Karman Ste 550
Irvine, CA 92612
 
or to such other address as may have been furnished to Agent by the Corporation.
 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement on and as of the day and year first above written.
 
BLUEFIRE ETHANOL, INC,
 
   
By: /s/ Arnold R. Klann                      
 
Name: Arnold R. Klann
Title: President & CEO
 
   
AGENT
 
By:
 
   
Name:
 
 
 
 
B-5
Exhibit 10.2
 
EXECUTIVE EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

This Agreement is made and entered into as of the 1 st day of June, 20 06 (“Agreement Date”) by and between BlueFire Ethanol, Inc., a Nevada corporation and subsidiary of BlueFire Ethanol, Inc, a Delaware corporation (hereinafter referred to as the “Company”), and ____________ , an individual (hereinafter referred to as the “Employee”). The Company and the Employee are collectively referred to as the “Parties”. This Agreement supersedes any similar agreement between the Parties.

WITNESSETH:

Whereas it is in the best interest of the Company to retain quality personnel such as the Employee; and
Whereas the Employee is willing to enter into an employment agreement with the Company in accordance with the conditions hereinafter provided.

Now, therefore, for and in consideration of the terms and conditions contained herein, the Parties agree as follows, to wit:

1.
Definitions. As used in this Agreement:
 
A.    
“Company” means BlueFire Ethanol, Inc. its successors and assigns, and any of its present or future subsidiaries or organizations controlled by, controlling, or under common control with it.
 
B.    
“Confidential Information” means any and all information disclosed or made available to the Employee or known by the Employee as a direct or indirect consequence of or through Employee’s employment by the Company and not generally known in the industry in which the Company is or may become engaged, or any information related to the Company’s products, processes, or services, including, but not limited to, information relating to research, development, inventions, manufacture, purchasing, accounting, engineering, marketing, merchandising, or selling.
 
C.    
“Inventions” mean discoveries, concepts and ideas, whether patentable or not, relating to any present or prospective activities of the Company, including, but not limited to, devices, processes, methods, formulae, techniques, applications, technology and any improvements to the foregoing. Such definition shall also encompass all such discoveries, concepts and ideas, even if formulated by the Employee prior to his employment by the Company.
 
D.    
“Company Monthly Base Pay” means the employee’s last monthly remuneration, prior to termination of Employee’s employment with the Company, before federal, state, and local taxes and other withholding, but exclusive of extra compensation, such as that attributable to bonuses, overtime or employee retirement or pension benefits.
 
E.    
“Conflicting Organization” means any person or organization engaged, directly or indirectly, in the research, development, production, marketing or selling of a Conflicting Product.
 
F.    
“Conflicting Product” means any product, process, technology, application, or service of any person or organization, other than the Company, in existence or under development, which resembles, competes with or is marketed or offered for sale or lease to the same or similar potential customers as a product, process, technology, application, or service which is the subject of research, development, production, marketing or selling activities of the Company.

2.
Employment . The Company hereby employs the Employee and the Employee hereby agrees to accept employment with the Company upon the terms and conditions herein set forth.

3.
Term. The Company hereby employs the Employee for a period of three (3) years beginning on the 1st day of June, 2006, and ending on the 31st day of May, 2009, unless sooner terminated as provided in Section 13 (Disability), Section 14 (Death During Employment) or Section 16 (Termination), hereof; provided, this Agreement may be extended for additional periods or its terms amended upon the mutual written agreement of the Parties.
 
Initials ____
Initials ____
1

 
4.
Position. The Employee shall be employed in the capacity of   with such managerial, administrative and other services as are customarily associated with or incident to such position and shall perform such other duties and responsibilities for the Company as the Company may reasonably require, consistent with such position. The Employee shall not be assigned nor requested to perform duties or functions for which he has not been adequately trained or for which he does not have adequate education and/or professional experience.

5.
Extent of Services. The Employee shall diligently and conscientiously devote Employee’s time, attention and energies to the business of the Company and shall not, during the term of this Agreement, be engaged in any other full time business activity whether or not such business activity is pursued for gain, profit, or other pecuniary advantage; however, except as set forth in Section 16, this provision shall not be construed as preventing the Employee from investing Employee’s assets in such form or manner as will not require full-time services on the part of the Employee outside of the Company.

6.
Working Facilities. The Employee shall be furnished with such facilities suitable to Employee’s position and adequate for the performance of Employee’s duties and the conduct of the Company’s business. The Employee’s principal office shall be located in the area selected by the Company; provided, however, the Employee agrees to do such traveling as is required to carry out Employee’s duties hereunder.

7.
Compensation. The Company’s Board of Directors or the management of the Company may increase the Employee’s Company Monthly Base Pay from time to time as the Board may see fit to grant such an increase. The Employee shall be a participant in any deferred compensation, bonus and/or stock option plans designed and implemented by the Company’s Board of Directors for the benefit of the Company’s key executives and employees. The Employee shall participate in any such plans at a level commensurate with Employee’s position with the Company.
 
A.    
Company Monthly Base Pay. For all services rendered by the Employee under this Agreement, Employee shall be paid a salary in the sum of $ per year, beginning on June   1, 2006 through December 31, 2006. These amounts shall be paid in equal monthly or bi-monthly installments to the Employee as Company Monthly Base Pay.
 
B.    
Benefits. Employee shall be eligible for Company-paid health insurance, dental insurance, 401K Plan when available, short/long term disability coverage and other benefits that are and may become available. Employee shall be eligible to participate in any such benefits at a level commensurate with Employee’s position with the Company.

8.
Expenses. All expenses for transportation and travel, including business use of personal automobile, incurred by the Employee for the furtherance of the legitimate business interests of the Company, shall be reimbursed or directly paid by the Company upon presentment of receipts in accordance with the record keeping requirements of the Internal Revenue Service.

9.
Right to Participate. The Employee shall have the right to participate in all other benefits of employment generally made available to the Company’s executive and managerial employees including but not limited to medical, dental, disability, life insurance, retirement plans and any other benefit(s) presented by the Company’s Board of Directors and befitting the Employee’s position and performance as available.

9.
Right to Participate. The Employee shall have the right to participate in all other benefits of employment generally made available to the Company’s executive and managerial employees including but not limited to medical, dental, disability, life insurance, retirement plans and any other benefit(s) presented by the Company’s Board of Directors and befitting the Employee’s position and performance as available.

10.
Vacation. The Employee shall be entitled to paid vacation, as follows:
 
Ten (10) working days during the 2006 calendar year
 
fifteen (15) working days during the 2007 calendar year
 
twenty (20) working days during the 2008 calendar year
 
For purposes hereunder, the term “working days” refers to Monday through Friday, exclusive of weekends and holidays, observed by the Company as determined by the Board of Directors. Employee will not schedule vacation without prior written approval from the Company’s CEO. Unused vacation days may not be carried into the next calendar year nor will the Employee receive compensation for unused vacation days, unless Employee’s work requirements cause Employee to miss vacation days, in which case Employee can carry over unused vacation days or be compensated for unused vacation days.
 
Initials ____
Initials ____
2

 
11.
Right to Inventions. With respect to all Inventions made or conceived by the Employee, whether or not during the hours of Employee’s employment or with the use of Company facilities, materials or personnel, either solely or jointly with others, during the term of Employee’s employment by the Company, and without royalty or any other consideration:
 
A.    
Reports. The Employee shall inform the Company promptly and fully of such inventions by a written report, setting forth in detail the structures, procedures, and methodology employed and the result achieved. A report shall also be submitted by the Employee upon completion of any study or research project undertaken on the Company’s behalf, whether or not in the Employee’s opinion a given study or project has resulted in an invention.
 
B.    
Assignment. The Employee hereby assigns and agrees to assign to the Company all of Employee’s rights to such Inventions and to all proprietary right therein, based thereon or related thereto, including, but not limited to, applications for United States and foreign letters patent and resulting letters patent.
 
C.    
Patents. At the Company’s request and expense, the Employee shall execute such documents and provide such assistance as may be deemed necessary by the Company to apply for, defend or enforce any United States or foreign letters of patent based on or related to such Inventions.
 
D.    
Prior Inventions and Intellectual Property. All prior technical knowledge, inventions, know-how developed or learned by the Employee concerning the business of the Company, shall become the property of the Company upon execution of this Agreement, and the Employee shall not have any further proprietary rights to such Intellectual Property.
 
12.
Disclosure of Confidential Information.
 
A.    
Confidentiality. Except as required in the performance of Employee’s duties during the term of Employee’s employment by the Company, the Employee shall treat as confidential and shall not, directly or indirectly, use, disseminate, disclose, publish, or otherwise make available any Confidential Information or any portion thereof. This provision shall remain in effect for a period of two (2) years after any termination of such employment.
 
B.    
Return of Confidential Information. Upon termination of Employee’s employment with the Company, all documents, records, notebooks, and similar repositories containing Confidential Information, including copies thereof, then in the Employee’s possession, whether prepared by him or others, shall be promptly returned to the Company. If at any time after the termination of employment the Employee determines that he has any Confidential Information in Employee’s possession or control, he shall immediately return to the Company all such Confidential Information, including all copies and portions thereof.
 
13.
Disability. To the extent not covered by the Company’s disability insurance, if any, if the Employee is unable to perform Employee’s services during the term of this agreement by reason of illness or incapacity, he shall receive Employee’s full compensation during the first two (2) months of such disability, to the extent not covered by the Company’s disability insurance, if any. If such disability should continue for longer than two (2) months, the compensation otherwise payable to the Employee during the continued period of disability shall be reduced by fifty percent (50%) provided such continued period of disability lasts no longer than four (4) months. The Employee’s full compensation shall be reinstated upon Employee’s return to employment and the discharge of Employee’s full duties hereunder. This provision shall not be operative until all benefits under the Company’s long-term disability insurance plan, if any, have been calculated and shall not be considered in determining the amount of benefits under any such insurance plan.
 
A.    
In the event of disability of the Employee, shares of the Company, as provided in Section 7(B) of this Agreement shall continue as if this Agreement were in full force and effect.
 
14.
Death during Employment. If the Employee dies during the term of this Agreement, this Agreement shall be terminated; provided, however, the Company shall pay to the estate of the employee any salary which would have otherwise been earned for the balance of the month in which the Employee’s death occurred.
 
Initials ____
Initials ____
3

 
15.
Non-Competition. During the term of this Agreement and or as long as thereafter as Employee is receiving unemployment insurance:
 
A.     
For a period of Three (3) years after Termination, the Employee shall not engage in competition with the Company, either directly or indirectly, in any manner or capacity, as advisor, consultant, principal, agent, partner, officer, director, stockholder, employee, representative, spokesman or otherwise, in any phase of the business carried on by the Company at any time.
 
B.    
For a period of Three (3) years after the termination of this Agreement, the Employee shall not solicit anyone who was an employee of the Company when the Employee’s employment with the company terminated or solicit anyone then employed by the Company to terminate or refrain from renewing Employee’s or her employment with the Company.
 
C.    
For a period of Three (3) years after the termination of this Agreement, the Employee shall not, either directly or indirectly, solicit any customer, broker, or distributor of the Employer, for such products as are manufactured and/or sold by the Employer, and Employee will similarly not engage in the business of the manufacture and sales of such products as are manufactured and/or sold by the Employer within the said period.
 
16.
Termination. The Employee may terminate this Agreement upon thirty days (30) written notice to the Company. Upon the effective date of the Employee terminating this Agreement, the Employee’s entitlement to any salary or other benefits hereunder shall cease subject to the provisions of Section 13.
 
A.     
The Employer may terminate this Agreement at any time with twenty-four (24) hours prior written notice if the Employee commits any material act of dishonesty, discloses confidential information, is guilty of gross misconduct, or acts in any way that has a direct, substantial and adverse effect on the Company’s reputation. Upon the effective date of the Company terminating this Agreement, the Employee’s entitlement to any salary or other benefits hereunder shall cease.
 
17.
Certain Provisions to Survive Termination. Notwithstanding any termination of this employment under this Agreement, the Employee, in consideration of Employee’s employment hereunder to the date of such termination, shall remain bound by the provisions of Section 12 and 15. It is acknowledged that the Company would be irrevocably damaged if the Employee were to violate the provisions of Section 12 and/or 15, and consequently, in addition to all other remedies that may be available to it, the Company shall be entitled to injunctive relief for any actual or threatened violation of such Sections.
 
A.    
In the event of termination of the Agreement as a result of the disability or death of the Employee, it is agreed that the provisions of Section 7(B) relating to shares of the Company shall continue as if the Employee were alive and fulfilling Employee’s obligations under this Agreement and not disabled or dead.
 
18.
Notice. All notices herein shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given at the time personally delivered or deposited in the United States Mail, postage prepaid, to the address of the respective parties set forth below their signatures hereto, subject to changes upon notice to the other party.
 
19.
Waiver. Failure to insist upon a strict compliance with any of the terms or conditions of this Agreement shall not be deemed waiver of such terms or conditions, nor shall any waiver of any term, condition or right of any party at any time be deemed a waiver of any other term, condition or right of any party hereto, nor shall it preclude the party from subsequently asserting or relying upon such term, condition or right.
 
20.
Severability. The invalidity or enforceability of any provision hereof shall in no way affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision.
 
21.
Modification. There are no verbal understandings between the Parties. This Agreement contains the entire agreement of the Parties and shall not be changed, modified, or terminated, except in writing signed by the Parties.
 
22.
Construction. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with the laws of the State of California.
 
23.
Assignment. The rights and obligations of the Company under this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and shall be binding upon the successors and assigns of the Company. The Employee’s rights, powers, privileges and immunities under this Agreement shall not be assignable by the Employee without the prior written consent of the Company.
 
Initials ____
Initials ____
4

 
24.
Binding Effect. This Agreement shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of the Parties and their respective heirs, legal representatives, successors and assigns.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have hereto set their hands on the day and year first above written.
 
  COMPANY: BlueFire Ethanol, Inc.
 
This agreement is hereby ratified by a majority of the BlueFire Ethanol, Inc. Board of Directors on this 1st day of May, 2006.
 
 
By:       /s/ Arnold R. Klann
Name:       Arnold R. Klann
Title:         Chairman/CEO

 
EMPLOYEE:
 
 
By:   __________________________________
Name:  
 
 
Initials ____
Initials ____
5

 
EXHIBIT A

Operating Targets

1.  Individual goals:
 
 
 
Initials ____
Initials ____
A-1
 
 
 
Exhibit 10.3
 


TECHNOLOGY LICENSE

FROM

ARKENOL, INC.

IN FAVOR OF

BlueFire Ethanol, Inc.

FOR THE PROCESSING OF

CELLULOSE TO ETHANOL

IN NORTH AMERICA


 
Dated as of
March 1, 2006


 

 
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
ARTICLE I       DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION  
1
   
1.1    Terms Defined Above  
  1
1.2    Additional Defined Terms  
  1
1.3    References
  5
1.4    Articles and Sections  
  5
1.5    Number and Gender
  5
1.6    Incorporation of Exhibits  
  5
   
ARTICLE II            TERMINATION OF ORIGINAL AGREEMENT; GRANT OF RIGHTS  
  5
   
2.1    License  
  5
2.2    Limitation on Use of Technology  
6
2.3    Confidentiality  
  6
2.5    Royalty Payment  
  7
   
ARTICLE III          OWNERSHIP AND IMPROVEMENTS  
  8
   
3.1    Licensor as Sole Owner  
  8
3.2    Improvements Assigned to Licensor  
  8
3.3    Cooperation  
  8
3.4    No Challenge to Ownership  
  8
3.5    Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights  
9
3.6    Appointment of Licensor as Attorney-in-Fact  
  9
   
ARTICLE IV           ACCESS TO PROJECTS AND INFORMATION  
  10
   
ARTICLE V            REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES  
  10
   
5.1    Licensor Representations  
  10
5.2    Negation of Certain Warranties  
  11
5.3    Licensee Representations  
  11
   
ARTICLE VI           TERM AND TERMINATION  
  11
   
6.1    Term  
  11
6.2    Event of Default  
  12
6.4    Default Remedies  
  13
6.5    Obligations of the Parties  
  13
6.6    Survival of Claims  
  13
6.7    Survival of Certain Provisions  
  13
 
 
i


ARTICLE VII     INDEMNIFICATION 
 13
 
 
7.1    Indemnification by Licensor 
 13
7.2    Indemnification by Licensee 
  14
7.3    Duty to Defend  
  14
7.4    Settlement 
  14
   
ARTICLE VIII          DISPUTE RESOLUTION 
  15
   
8.1    Agreement to Dispute Resolution  
  15
8.2    Initiation of Dispute Resolution  
  15
8.3    Mediation  
  15
8.4      Expense of Mediation
  15
   
ARTICLE IX              MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS  
  16
   
9.1    Assignment and Sublicensing  
  16
9.2    Successors and Assigns 
16
9.3    Parties in Interest  
  16
9.4    Amendments 
  16
9.5    Non-Waiver 
  16
9.6    Notices  
  16
9.7    Attorneys' Fees  
  17
9.8    Injunctive Relief 
  18
9.9    Remedies  
  18
9.10    Further Assurances  
  18
9.11    No Agency, Joint Venture, Partnership  
  18
9.12    Severability  
  18
9.13    Negotiated Transaction  
  18
9.14    Counterparts 
  19
9.15     Entire Agreement  
  19
9.16    Jurisdiction and Venue  
  19
9.17    Governing Law  
  19
 
 
ii


TECHNOLOGY LICENSE
 
THIS TECHNOLOGY LICENSE (as amended, modified, supplemented or restated from time to time, this " Agreement ") is made and entered into as of the 1st day of March, 2006, by and between ARKENOL, INC., a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Nevada (" Licensor "), and BlueFire Ethanol, Inc., a to be formed Nevada corporation (" Licensee "). Licensor and Licensee are sometimes hereinafter referred to individually as a " Party " and collectively as the " Parties ."
 
RECITALS

WHEREAS, Licensee is a to be formed company to promote, among other things, conversion of the cellulose fractions of municipal solid waste and other opportunistic feedstocks into ethanol;

WHEREAS, Licensor has developed the Technology, owns the patents and intellectual property for and has maintained exclusive rights to license the Technology (as herein defined);

WHEREAS, Licensee wishes to license the Technology from Licensor for use and sublicense in connection with Licensee’s desire to develop and commercialize the production of Ethanol from cellulose, and Licensor desires to grant such license to Licensee, all on the terms and conditions set forth herein;

WHEREAS, Licensor’s Technology is capable and pre-commercially developed to process this type of feedstock; and

WHEREAS, Licensee desires to obtain from Licensor an exclusive license to use and sublicense the Technology in North America, and Licensor desires to grant such license to Licensee, all on the terms and conditions set forth herein;

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing premises and the mutual promises and covenants contained herein, Licensor and Licensee hereby agree as follows:
 
ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION

1.1       Terms Defined Above . As used in this Technology License, each of the terms " Agreement ," " Licensee ," " Licensor ," " Party ," and " Parties " shall have the meaning assigned to such term hereinabove.

1.2       Additional Defined Terms . As used in this Agreement, each of the following terms shall have the meaning assigned to such term below.

1

 
" Additional Facility License " shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.7 .

" Affiliate " shall mean, with respect to any Person, any other Person who, directly or indirectly, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with such Person. For purposes of this definition, "control" means the ability to direct or cause the direction of the management or affairs of a Person, whether through the direct or indirect ownership of voting interests, by contract or otherwise. For purposes of this Agreement, neither Party shall be considered an Affiliate of the other Party unless otherwise expressly stated.

" By-Products " shall mean salable materials, which result from operation of the Process to create sugars from lignocellulosic feedstocks, and which are not the intended final product from sugars fermentation; for example lignin, gypsum, yeast, carbon dioxide.

" Commercial Operation " shall mean the continuous operation of a Project after completion of the commissioning of the Project, which shall be deemed to occur no earlier than the satisfaction of all contractual requirements (e.g., completion of all tests required under applicable construction contracts) and material regulatory requirements (e.g., tests required under applicable governmental permits and approvals) in connection with the commencement of continuous commercial operations.

" Confidential Information " shall mean, in whatever form, tangible or intangible, whether written, oral or visual, including electronic data recorded or retrieved by any means, any and all trade secrets, confidential knowledge, and proprietary data of a Party (the "Disclosing Party"), including technical specifications, diagrams, flow charts, methods, processes, procedures, discoveries, concepts, calculations, techniques, formulas, systems, production plans, designs, research and development plans, business opportunities, cost and pricing data, customer records and lists, special chemical, engineering, manufacturing, financial, and marketing know-how, but expressly excluding information which (a) was generally available to the public prior to the time of disclosure to the other Party (the "Receiving Party"), (b) becomes generally available to the public through no act or omission of the Receiving Party, or any employee, Affiliate, agent or contractor of the Receiving Party, or (c) becomes available to the Receiving Party through or from a third party who is not an agent, contractor, employee or Affiliate of the Receiving Party and who is not, to the knowledge of the Receiving Party after reasonable investigation, under any obligation of confidentiality to the Disclosing Party.

" Effective Date " shall mean the date first hereinabove written.

" Event of Default " shall have the meaning set forth in Section 6.2 .

" Exclusive Payment " shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.5 .

" Force Majeure " shall mean an event or occurrence that is not reasonably foreseeable by a Party, is beyond such Party's reasonable control, and is not caused by its negligence or lack of due diligence, including acts of God, strikes, labor disputes, lockouts or other industrial disturbances, riots, epidemics, landslides, lightning, earthquakes, fires, storms, washouts, the enactment of, or changes in, Laws, the cancellation or withdrawal of a governmental permit, arrests and restraints of governments and people, civil disturbances and explosions; provided , however , neither economic hardship of either Party nor changes in market conditions shall constitute a Force Majeure.

2

 
" Governmental Authority " shall mean any national, state or local government, any political subdivision or any governmental, quasi-governmental, judicial, public or statutory instrumentality, authority, body or entity, or other regulatory bureau, authority, body or entity.

" Improvements " shall mean all inventions, modifications, revisions, alterations, enhancements, betterments, ideas, and discoveries (whether or not patentable) conceived or reduced to practice (actually or constructively) by either Party or under the direction of either Party or acquired by Licensor or Licensee by operation of any license or sublicense of the Technology to any Person, or from any other source and which, in any case, are based in any way on, or arise in any manner out of, all or any portion of the Process, the Patents, the Licensor Confidential Information or the Intellectual Property, or any such invention, modification, revision, alteration, enhancement, betterment, idea or discovery to any of the foregoing, including any developed through reverse engineering or independent derivation.

" Intellectual Property " shall mean the Patents and all United States and foreign patents, applications therefore, know-how, copyrightable works and applications for registration and registrations thereof, trademarks, trade names, service marks and all other intellectual property rights with respect to or relating to all or any portion of the Process.

" Law " shall mean any applicable Federal, state, local or other constitution, charter, act, statute, law, ordinance, code, rule, regulation, or order, or other legislative or administrative action of a Governmental Authority, or a final decree, judgment, or order of a court having jurisdiction over any relevant Project or any Party.

" License " shall have the meaning assigned in Section 2.1 .

" License Fee " shall have the meaning assigned in Section 2.6 .

" Licensee Indemnitees " shall have the meaning assigned in Section 7.1 .

" Licensor Confidential Information " shall mean any Confidential Information relating to or arising out of any aspect of the Technology or Licensor's business other than information specifically related to a Project that is in the public domain. For purposes of this Agreement, and without otherwise affecting the respective ownership rights of Persons thereto, where any Confidential Information relating to or arising out of any aspect of the Technology is developed by any Person who is an Affiliate of both Parties, then such Confidential Information shall be deemed to be Licensor Confidential Information.

" Licensor Indemnitees " shall have the meaning assigned in Section 7.2 .

3

 
" Notice " shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 9.6 .

" North America " shall include all 50 United States and Canada.

" Patents " shall mean, collectively, Patent Nos. 5,562,777 and 5,580,389 issued by the United States Patent and Trademark Office on October 8, 1996 and December 3, 1996, respectively; any and all continuations, continuations-in-part, divisionals, reissues, reexaminations or extensions thereof; all corresponding foreign counterpart patents and applications thereto; and any additional patents issued to Licensor from time to time by the United States Patent and Trademark Office.

" Person " shall mean any individual, partnership, corporation, Limited Liability Company, association, business, trust, government or political subdivision thereof, Governmental Authority, or other entity.

" Prime Rate " shall mean the per annum rate of interest announced or published from time to time by The Chase Manhattan Bank, N.A., as its reference or prime rate.

" Process " shall mean the acid hydrolysis process for lignocellulosic materials as more particularly described on Exhibit A .

" Products " shall mean By-Products, goods and materials produced through the Technology.

" Project " shall mean a facility established for the purpose of using and practicing the Technology in the production of one or more Products.

" Project Entity " shall mean each entity formed for the ownership of a Project.

" Project Lender " shall mean any bank, financial institution or other Person (or trustee or agent for any such Person) providing any financing for, in whole or in part, the design, acquisition, construction, refurbishment, modification, start-up, testing, operation, maintenance or repair of any Project.

" Royalty " shall have the meaning assigned in Section 2.4 .

" Technology " shall mean, collectively, the Process, the Patents, the Intellectual Property, the Licensor Confidential Information, and all Improvements.

" Term " shall have the meaning assigned in Section 6.1 .

4

 
1.3       References . References in this Agreement to Exhibit, Article or Section numbers shall be to Exhibits, Articles and Sections of this Agreement, unless expressly stated herein to the contrary. References in this Agreement to "hereby," "herein," "hereinabove," "hereinafter," "herein below," "hereof," "hereunder," or words of similar import shall be to this Agreement in its entirety and not only to the particular Exhibit, Article or Section in which such reference appears. References in this Agreement to "includes" or "including" shall mean "includes, without limitation," or "including, without limitation," as the case may be. References in this Agreement to statutes, sections or regulations are to be construed as including all statutory or regulatory provisions consolidating, amending, replacing, succeeding or supplementing the statute, section or regulation referred to. References in this Agreement to "writing" include printing, typing, lithography, facsimile reproduction and other means of reproducing words in a tangible visible form. References in this Agreement to agreements and other contractual instruments shall be deemed to include all exhibits and appendices attached thereto and all subsequent amendments and other modifications to such instruments, but only to the extent such amendments and other modifications are not prohibited by the terms of this Agreement. References in this Agreement to Persons include their respective successors and permitted assigns.

1.4       Articles and Sections . This Agreement, for convenience only, has been divided into Articles and Sections and it is understood that the rights, powers, privileges, duties, and other legal relations of the Parties shall be determined from this Agreement as an entirety and without regard to the aforesaid division into Articles and Sections and without regard to headings affixed to such Articles or Sections.

1.5       Number and Gender . Whenever the context requires, reference herein made to the single number shall be understood to include the plural and likewise the plural shall be understood to include the singular. Words denoting sex shall be construed to include the masculine, feminine, and neuter, when such construction is appropriate, and specific enumeration shall not exclude the general, but shall be construed as cumulative. Definitions of terms defined in the singular or plural shall be equally applicable to the plural or singular, as the case may be.

1.6       Incorporation of Exhibits . The Exhibits attached to this Agreement are incorporated herein and shall be considered a part of this Agreement for all purposes.
 
ARTICLE II

GRANT OF LICENSE

2.1       License . Subject to the further provisions of this Section 2.1 and Section 9.1 , and for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, Licensor hereby grants to Licensee from and after the Effective Date, and Licensee hereby accepts from and after the Effective Date, an exclusive, non-transferable, North American license (the " License ") during the Term to use and sublicense the Technology for any purpose pursuant to the terms and conditions set forth herein. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Licensee shall not use or sublicense the Technology, or allow the use of the Technology by any permitted assignee or sublicensee of Licensee, outside of North America. Licensor shall not permit any Person other than Licensee and its sublicensees to use the Technology; provided , however , this limitation shall not apply to rights established in other Persons in accordance with the express provisions of Section 9.1 or following termination of this Agreement. Licensor and Licensee acknowledge and agree that the proprietary rights of Licensor in the Technology are extremely valuable separate and apart from any patent rights related thereto, including the Patents and any rights related thereto, and that the issuance of any additional patent related to the Process or the Technology or the invalidation, expiration or failure to obtain or prosecute any of the Patents shall not in any way affect the rights granted in this Section 2.1 .
 
5

 
2.2       Limitation on Use of Technology . Licensee and its sublicensees shall use the Technology in the precise manner indicated in this Agreement and in any specifications that may be provided to Licensee by Licensor from time to time. Licensee and its sublicensees shall not make any material changes in the use or application of the Technology as set forth in such specifications without the prior written consent of Licensor, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld so long as Licensor has been provided with all reasonably necessary information as to the basis for the requested change and has received reimbursement for the reasonable direct cost to Licensor of evaluating such requested change and submitted information.

2.3       Confidentiality . ( a ) During the Term and for a period of two (2) years after the expiration of the Term or earlier termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 6.4 , each of Licensee and Licensor shall hold, and shall take all reasonable precautions to cause each of their Affiliates, and the directors, officers, managers, employees, agents, contractors and advisors of the Parties and their respective Affiliates, and, in the case of the Licensee, those of its permitted sub licensees, and each of such sub licensees' and its Affiliates' respective directors, officers, managers, employees, agents, and contractors coming into possession or knowledge of any Confidential Information of the other Party, to hold the Confidential Information of the other Party in strictest confidence and trust (making only such copies thereof as necessary or appropriate for the location, feasibility assessment, development, design, engineering, procurement, construction, testing, modification, operation and maintenance of the Projects). Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) Licensor may make all disclosures which are reasonably necessary, appropriate or advisable to obtain protection of the confidential and proprietary character of the Technology in the United States and Canada, and (ii) Licensee may disclose Licensor Confidential Information to other Persons in connection with any financing whether through debt, equity or otherwise), assignment, sale, transfer or other disposition of any Project Entity or interest in any Project Entity, provided , that Licensee shall be required to take all necessary precautions to cause such other Persons to hold the Licensor Confidential Information in strictest confidence and to prevent its misappropriation, including the execution of written confidentiality agreements with such Persons (containing terms and conditions similar to those in this Section 2.3 ) providing Licensor Confidential Information only on a limited need-to-know basis, and taking reasonable security measures to ensure that only such portion of the Licensor Confidential Information that is reasonable under the circumstances is disclosed. Licensor shall be either (i) expressly named as a party to any such confidentiality agreement entered into by Licensee with any of its Affiliates, directors, managers, employees, agents, contractors, creditors or other Persons permitted to come into possession or knowledge of any Licensor Confidential Information, or (ii) shall be expressly named as a third-party beneficiary of any such confidentiality agreement, and, in either case, Licensor shall be entitled to enforce any such confidentiality agreement, including, by way of injunctive or other equitable relief.

( b )       In addition to the disclosures permitted under the second sentence of Section   2.3 (a) , each Party may disclose Confidential Information of the other Party only (i) to those of its then current Affiliates, and the directors, officers, managers, employees, agents, contractors, and advisors (including attorneys, accountants, and consultants) of the Parties and such Affiliates, together with the permitted sub licensees of Licensee, and the directors, officers, managers, employees, agents, contractors, and advisors of such sub licensees and their Affiliates, who need to know the Confidential Information for purposes of performing the services for which they have been engaged, (ii) pursuant to the order or subpoena of a Governmental Authority with subpoena power or as otherwise required pursuant to applicable Law; provided , however , should either Party receive any such order or subpoena or propose to make voluntary disclosure pursuant to any Law deemed by such Party to require such disclosure, such Party shall notify the other Party promptly and in any event sufficiently prior to compliance with the relevant order or subpoena or deemed applicable Law to enable such other Party to seek an appropriate protective order; provided , further , any disclosure pursuant to such an order or subpoena or deemed applicable Law shall not act to relieve any Party of its continuing obligation to hold the Confidential Information in strictest confidence and trust and cause other Persons to do so as provided above in this Section 2.3 , and, except for such disclosure pursuant to order or subpoena or deemed applicable Law, each Party shall continue to be bound by the obligations of this Section 2.3 with respect to the Confidential Information.

6

 
( c )       The Parties may enter into a separate Confidentiality Agreement relating to the obligation to hold the Confidential Information in strictest confidence and trust. In such event, if there is any conflict between the terms and conditions of such Confidentiality Agreement and the terms and conditions of this Agreement relating to the Confidential Information and the obligations of the Parties in connection therewith, the terms and conditions of such Confidentiality Agreement shall govern and control.

2.4       Royalty Payment . As consideration for the grant of the License pursuant to Section 2.1 , Licensee shall pay Licensor a royalty (the " Royalty ") equal to three percent (3%) of the gross sales price for sales by Licensee, its Affiliates, sublicensees or assignees, of all Products produced from any use of the Technology pursuant to the License. For sales by sublicensees, the Royalty to Licensor is conditional upon the sublicense royalty fees being paid to Licensor. The Royalty shall be calculated on an accrual (rather than a cash) basis. The Royalty shall be payable semi-annually on each August 1 (as to sales accrued during the preceding January 1 through and including June 30) and on each February 1 (as to sales accrued during the preceding July 1 through and including December 31) during the Term. Royalty payments to Licensor shall be submitted with supporting documentation on a facility-by-facility basis as to (i) volumes of Products produced through the use or practice of the Technology pursuant to the License during the relevant period, (ii) the name, address, contact Person, and telephone number of the purchaser in each relevant sale of Products, and (iii) the gross sales price as to each relevant sale of Products. Any Royalty owed to Licensor by Licensee beyond the date such amount is due and payable shall accrue interest at the per annum rate equal to the Prime Rate in effect from time to time plus two percent (2%); provided , however , in no event shall such rate of interest exceed the maximum lawful rate under applicable Law. Failure to make any Royalty payment due shall constitute an Event of Default giving rise to a right of Licensor to terminate this Agreement and the License with notice from Licensor and the passage of time as provided in Section 6.2(a) .

2.5        Exclusivity Payment . As consideration for the grant of exclusive license for North America, Licensee shall pay Licensor a one time payment of One Million Dollars ($1,000,000) at first project construction funding or term of a Licensee or sublicense Project. A good faith payment of Thirty Thousand Dollars is to made upon first funding of BlueFire which is deducted from the total amount. These payments subject to subordination rights of lender only.

2.6       License Fee . A one-time License Fee will be paid by Licensee for Licensor and sublicensee Project in the amount of Forty Dollars U.S. ($40.00) per 1000 gallons of production capacity.

2.7       Commercial Operation . Licensee shall use its good faith efforts to effect Commercial Operation of any Licensee Project as soon as practicable after the Effective Date; provided , however , that Licensee must complete the following or this Agreement shall terminate pursuant to Section 6.2(b) : (i) the expenditure of at least Five Hundred Thousand Dollars ($500,000) toward the commencement of development and Commercial Operation of the Project within eighteen (18) months after the Effective Date, which may include the retention of Licensor or its agent to perform the testing and analysis described in Exhibit “B” hereto in order to produce data suitable for the preparation and implementation of an engineering, procurement and construction contract between Licensee and a third party contractor, containing appropriate financeable performance guarantees, which testing and analysis shall use a feedstock that has been delivered to Licensor in a form suitable for conversion using the Technology, (ii) the expenditure of an additional One Million Five Hundred Thousand Dollars ($1,500,000.00) prior to the third (3 rd ) anniversary of the Effective Date, and (iii) the taking, on or before the 3 rd anniversary of the Effective Date, of other significant actions to effectuate the commencement of Commercial Operation of the Project, such as obtaining significant written contracts for the sale of Ethanol, obtaining Project site control, and obtaining contracts for the supply of Biomass. Licensee’s compliance with all of the provisions of this Section 2.7 shall be deemed to be a material obligation within the meaning of paragraph (b) of Section 6.2 herein; provided , however , that Licensor’s sole remedy in the event Licensee shall fail to comply with this Section 2.7 shall be the termination of this agreement pursuant to Section 6.2(b) .

7


ARTICLE I II

OWNERSHIP AND IMPROVEMENTS

3.1       Licensor as Sole Owner . Licensee acknowledges and agrees that it does not now own, nor will it obtain any interest in, the Technology, except for the License granted herein.

3.2       Improvements Assigned to Licensor . Licensee acknowledges and agrees that all Improvements shall be the exclusive property of Licensor, and Licensee agrees to assign, and does hereby assign, and agrees to cause each of its Affiliates, permitted assignees and sublicensees, and the Project Entities to assign, to Licensor any and all right, title, and interest each of them may now hold or hereafter obtain in any such Improvements, including any and all (a) applications for Letters Patent and all divisionals, renewals, continuations and continuations-in-part thereof, (b) Letters Patent of the United States which may now or hereafter be granted thereon and all reissues and extensions thereof, (c) rights of priority under international conventions and applications for Letters Patent which may hereafter be filed for such Improvements in any country other than the United States, and (d) all Letters Patent which may be granted for such Improvements in any country or countries other than the United States and all extensions, renewals, and reissues thereof. Licensor agrees to license, and does hereby license, without further consideration to Licensor, all such Improvements to Licensee pursuant to the terms and provisions of this Agreement.

3.3       Cooperation . Licensee agrees to communicate to Licensor promptly upon becoming aware thereof, any facts known to Licensee respecting the Technology and to testify in any legal proceedings, sign all lawful papers, execute all divisional, continuing and reissue applications, make all rightful oaths and generally do everything possible to cooperate to effectuate the terms of this Article III . Upon the reasonable request of Licensee exercisable from time to time, the Parties shall meet to discuss any Improvements.

3.4       No Challenge to Ownership . Except in asserting rights of Licensee expressly granted hereunder, Licensee agrees not to take any action challenging or opposing, on any grounds whatsoever, the ownership or intellectual property rights of Licensor with respect to the Technology, the status thereof as the property of Licensor, or the validity or enforceability thereof by Licensor.

8

 
3.5       Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights . Subject to the further provisions of this Section 3.5 , Licensor shall have the first right, but not the obligation, to enforce any and/or all of the rights granted herein to Licensee against any third parties believed by Licensor to be infringing, or about to infringe, upon any rights forming a part of the Technology. Licensor is hereby authorized to initiate any legal proceeding in any court or administrative body for the enforcement of any such rights in the name of Licensor and/or Licensee (pursuant to the authority granted in Section 3.6 ), and Licensee shall do all lawful things required or desirable to assist Licensor in the enforcement of any such rights. The rights of enforcement by Licensor under this Section 3.5 shall include the initiation of any legal proceeding in any Federal or state court or administrative body in the form of an initial pleading or complaint, the filing of a counterclaim, the filing of a declaratory judgment action, and the defense of any action relating in any way to rights granted herein to Licensee. Any and all costs associated with such enforcement rights and actions initiated and continued by Licensor shall be the sole and exclusive obligation of Licensor, and Licensor shall retain all monetary damages, awards and recoveries there from and shall have the exclusive right to settle and/or compromise any matter relating thereto. Licensee shall be entitled to participate, at its sole expense, in any such action initiated by Licensor. Nothing contained in this Section 3.5 shall be construed as creating any obligation of Licensor to initiate or continue any proceedings involving the enforcement of the rights granted herein to Licensee. In the event that Licensor elects not to initiate and/or pursue any action against any third party relating to the rights granted herein to Licensee, Licensor shall so notify Licensee in writing within thirty (30) days (or ten (10) days in the event of receipt of a petition or other complaint) after the earlier of (a) receipt by Licensor from Licensee of actual notice of any alleged infringement or (b) actual knowledge by Licensor of any alleged or threatened infringement. After such notification by Licensor to Licensee, such right shall revert to Licensee and Licensee shall have thereafter the right to take, at the sole expense of Licensee, whatever action, in the sole and exclusive opinion of Licensee, is reasonably necessary to protect the use and practice by Licensee of the Technology in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. Should Licensee, following such notice from Licensor, proceed to take any action, Licensee shall retain all monetary damages, awards and recoveries from such action and shall have the exclusive right to settle and/or compromise the relevant matter; provided , however , Licensee shall not be entitled to enter into any settlement or compromise which could, in the good-faith opinion of Licensor, create a precedent or implication that any Person other than Licensor owns the Technology or otherwise have a materially adverse effect on Licensor.

3.6       Appointment of Licensor as Attorney-in-Fact . Licensee hereby appoints Licensor as its attorney-in-fact for the specific limited purpose of executing in the name of Licensee all documents and performing in the name of Licensee all other acts necessary, appropriate or desirable to protect, through filings with Governmental Authorities of the United States, any state thereof or any foreign country or legal proceedings before any court of other such Governmental Authority, the confidential and proprietary nature of the Technology or the ownership thereof by Licensor.

9


ARTICLE IV

ACCESS TO PROJECTS AND INFORMATION

Licensor and its Affiliates, directors, officers, employees, agents and contractors shall have the right to be present at any Project at any reasonable time during normal business hours during the Term upon no less than twenty-four (24) hours' advance telephonic notice, but such access shall be at the sole risk and expense of Licensor. Licensor and its shareholders, directors, officers, employees, agents and contractors shall also have reasonable access during normal business hours and upon no less than twenty-four (24) hours' advance telephonic notice to inspect, audit and review all applications of the Technology and all operating data, books, records, and other information of Licensee and the Project Entities relating to applications of the Technology, provided that such inspection and review does not interfere materially with the business of Licensee, or any Project Entity, as the case may be, and, provided further, that Licensor treats all such information which is Confidential Information (and which is not otherwise Licensor Confidential Information) in trust and confidence as provided in Section 2.3 .
ARTICLE V

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

5.1       Licensor Representations . Licensor represents and warrants to Licensee (each of which representations and warranties shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement for a period of two (2) years after the expiration of the Term or the earlier termination of this Agreement), subject to the provisions of Section 5.2 , that (a) Licensor is a corporation duly organized, validly existing, and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, (b) Licensor has clear title to the Technology, free of any judgments, liens or encumbrances, and has the right to grant the License under this Agreement, and the Technology does not infringe any issued United States or foreign patent rights of others or pending patent applications of which Licensor has notice, and Licensor has no notice of any claim that the Technology so infringes or that the use of the Technology by Licensee or its Affiliates or agents pursuant to this Agreement would so infringe, (c) the Technology includes patented technology which converts cellulosic materials into sugars through a concentrated acid hydrolysis, (d) Licensor has the power and all requisite authority to enter into this Agreement, (e) the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Licensor and the performance of its obligations hereunder do not conflict with or result in a default or imposition of any lien or encumbrance against any property of Licensor under any agreement to which Licensor is a party or by which any of its property is bound which, in any such case, could reasonably be expected to have a materially adverse effect on the business or financial performance of Licensor, and (f) this Agreement constitutes Licensor's legal, valid, and binding obligation.

10

 
5.2       Negation of Certain Warranties . LICENSOR MAKES NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO THE ADEQUACY OF THE TECHNOLOGY, OR ITS SUFFICIENCY FOR ANY SPECIFIC PURPOSE OR FREEDOM FROM ANY DEFECT OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING FREEDOM FROM ANY PATENT OR TRADE SECRET INFRINGEMENT THAT MAY RESULT FROM THE USE BY LICENSEE OF THE TECHNOLOGY (BUT WITHOUT IN ANY MANNER INTENDING TO LIMIT THE INDEMNIFICATION BY LICENSOR PURSUANT TO SECTION 7.1 ). FURTHER, LICENSOR MAKES NO REPRESENTATION, GUARANTY OR WARRANTY THAT THE TECHNOLOGY DESCRIBED IN ANY PATENT APPLICATIONS, ISSUED PATENTS OR TRADE SECRET DOCUMENTS IS SUITABLE FOR USE BY LICENSEE OR THAT ANY APPLICATION FOR A PATENT WILL RESULT IN THE GRANT OF A PATENT.

5.3       Licensee Representations . Licensee represents and warrants to Licensor (each of which representations and warranties shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement for a period of two (2) years after the expiration of the Term or the earlier termination this Agreement) that (a) Licensee is a to be duly formed and validly existing under the laws of its jurisdiction of formation, (b) Licensee has the power and all requisite authority to enter into this Agreement, (c) the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Licensee and the performance of Licensee's obligations hereunder do not conflict with or result in a default or imposition of any lien or encumbrance under any other agreement to which Licensee is a party or by which any of its property is bound which could reasonably be expected to have a materially adverse effect on the business or financial performance of Licensee, and (d) this Agreement constitutes Licensee's legal, valid, and binding obligation.
 
ARTICLE VI

TERM AND TERMINATION

6.1       Term . Subject to the further provisions of this Article VI , this Agreement shall remain in force and effect and the Parties shall remain obligated hereby and entitled to rights and benefits hereunder until the earlier of (the " Term ") (a) termination of this Agreement by mutual agreement of the Parties, or (b) the expiration of thirty (30) years from the Effective Date; provided , however , that with respect to any Project for which the owners thereof have, as of the effective date of such termination or expiration, expended material funds in connection with the development thereof, Licensor shall grant a license to such Project under substantially the same terms and conditions as set forth herein, which license shall be for a term equal to twenty-five (25) years from the commencement of Commercial Operation of such Project. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a project is not built and operating within the conditions set forth in Section 2.7 , Licensor has the right to revoke this License if substantial progress or financing has not been demonstrated or the company has not been formed within the first date shown on this agreement.

11

 
6.2       Event of Default . An event of default under this Agreement (an " Event of Default ") shall be deemed to exist upon the occurrence of any one or more of the following events:

( a )       failure by a Party to make payment of any amounts due under this Agreement, including the Royalty, which failure continues for a period of thirty (30) days after written notice of such nonpayment from the Party entitled to payment;

( b )       failure by a Party to perform fully any material provision of this Agreement, other than the payment of any amounts due, and (i) such failure continues for a period of sixty (60) days after notice of such nonperformance from the other Party describing in reasonable detail the relevant nonperformance or (ii) if such nonperforming Party shall commence within such thirty (30) days and shall thereafter proceed with all due diligence to cure such failure, such failure is not cured within such longer period as shall be necessary for such nonperforming Party to cure the same with all due diligence, such longer period, in all events, not to exceed ninety (90) days; or

( c )       either Party shall (i) file, or consent to the filing against it of or admit any allegations made against it in, a petition for relief or reorganization or arrangement or any other petition in bankruptcy, for liquidation or to take advantage of any bankruptcy or insolvency law of any jurisdiction; (ii) make an assignment for the benefit of its creditors; (iii) seek or consent to, or acquiesce in, the appointment of a custodian, receiver, trustee, or other officer with similar powers, for substantially all its property; (iv) be adjudicated bankrupt or insolvent, or (v) suffer the entry against such Party of an order for relief in any case or proceeding for liquidation or reorganization or otherwise to take advantage of any bankruptcy or insolvency law of any jurisdiction or ordering the dissolution, winding up or liquidation of all or any substantial part of the property of such Party or have filed against such Party any petition for any such relief and any such order or petition shall remain unvacated or pending and unstayed for an aggregate of ninety (90) days (whether or not consecutive).

6.3       Force Majeure . In the event that either Party is rendered unable, by reason of an event of Force Majeure, to perform, wholly or in part, any obligation or commitment set forth in this Agreement, then, provided such Party gives prompt written notice describing the particulars of such event, including the nature of the occurrence and its expected duration, and continues to furnish monthly reports with respect thereto during the period of the Force Majeure, the obligations of both Parties (except for the obligation of Licensee to pay accrued Royalties pursuant to Section 2.4 ) shall be suspended to the extent and for the period of such Force Majeure condition; provided , however , that (a) the suspension of performance is of no greater scope and of no longer duration than is required by the Force Majeure and (b) the Party whose performance is being excused shall use its reasonable efforts to perform its obligations hereunder and use its reasonable efforts to remedy its inability to perform. If a Force Majeure affects a material obligation or commitment and continues for more than six (6) consecutive months, either Party may terminate this Agreement upon thirty (30) days' prior written notice.

12

 
6.4       Default Remedies . Subject in each case to the provisions of Article VIII or Section 9.8 to the contrary, immediately upon the occurrence of an Event of Default under Section 6.2 on the part of either Party, the non-defaulting Party shall have the right, at its election, to terminate this Agreement and/or sue such defaulting Party for damages and/or injunctive or other equitable relief arising in connection with such Event of Default.

6.5       Obligations of the Parties . Upon the expiration of the Term or the earlier termination of this Agreement, Licensee shall, and shall cause each Project Entity, which is not a party to a separate sublicense with Licensee, or eligible under the proviso set forth in Section 9.1 to enter into a license with Licensor, to (a) immediately cease all uses of the Technology, (b) make no further use of any rights licensed to Licensee by this Agreement, except to the extent of rights granted in any other written agreement entered into after the Effective Date between Licensor and Licensee, and (c) return to Licensor promptly (i) all Improvements in the possession of Licensee and (ii) the originals and all copies of all Licensor Confidential Information. Upon any termination of this Agreement, Licensor shall promptly return upon request by Licensee the originals and all copies of all Confidential Information relating to Licensee's business.

6.6       Survival of Claims . Any claims by either Party against the other Party existing under this Agreement at the expiration or any termination of this Agreement shall survive such termination or expiration.

6.7       Survival of Certain Provisions . Any provisions, agreements, warranties or representations contained in this Agreement which expressly or by implication come into or remain in force following the termination or expiration of this Agreement shall survive such termination or expiration, including the provisions of Articles III, V, VII and VIII and Sections 2.3, 2.4, 9.1, 9.2, 9.7, 9.8, 9.16 and 9.17 .
 
ARTICLE VII

INDEMNIFICATION

7.1       Indemnification by Licensor . Licensor, as indemnitor, agrees to indemnify, defend, and hold harmless Licensee and its Affiliates (except for those Affiliates which are also Affiliates of Licensor), and their respective officers, directors, managers, members, shareholders, agents, employees, successors and assigns, as indemnitees (" Licensee Indemnitees ") from and against any and all claims, demands, liabilities, judgments, awards, liens, losses, damages, or costs (including reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses) of any kind or nature (unless caused by the conduct of or omission by any of the Licensee Indemnitees) arising from or in any manner related to (a) any allegation by any Person other than an Affiliate of Licensee that any portion of the Technology or the use or practice thereof by Licensee (or any permitted Sub licensee thereof) in accordance with this Agreement infringes upon prior rights of any other Person; (b) to the extent not covered by clause (a) immediately above, the failure by Licensor to observe or perform the covenants and agreements of Licensor under this Agreement or the inaccuracy of any representation or warranty made by Licensor in this Agreement.

13

 
7.2       Indemnification by Licensee . Licensee, as indemnitor, agrees to indemnify, defend, and hold harmless Licensor and its Affiliates (except for those Affiliates which are also Affiliates of Licensee), and their respective officers, directors, shareholders, agents, employees, successors and assigns, as indemnitees (" Licensor Indemnitees "), from and against any and all claims, demands, liabilities, judgments, awards, liens, losses, damages, or costs (including reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses) of any kind or nature (unless caused by the conduct of or omission by any of the Licensor Indemnitees) arising from or in any manner related to (a) the use or practice by Licensee of the Technology where such use and practice is not in compliance with the provisions of Section 2.2 , except to the extent arising from or related to any allegation by a Person other than an Affiliate of Licensee that any portion of the Technology or the use thereof by Licensee in accordance with this Agreement infringes upon prior rights of any other Person; (b) the operation of the business of Licensee and the Projects as they may relate to this Agreement or the Technology; or (c) to the extent not covered by clause (a) immediately above, the failure by Licensee to observe or perform the covenants and agreements of Licensee under this Agreement or the inaccuracy of any representation or warranty made by Licensee in this Agreement.

7.3       Duty to Defend . Each indemnitor, at its sole cost and expense, shall defend, with counsel reasonably satisfactory to each indemnitee, any claim, demand, suit, cause of action or proceeding covered by the indemnities set forth in Section 7.1 or Section 7.2 , as the case may be. Each indemnitor shall have the right to control the defense of any claim, demand, suit, cause of action, or proceeding without prejudice to its right to contest thereafter whether such was within the scope of the indemnities contained in Section 7.1 or Section 7.2 , as the case may be. Each indemnitee shall have the right, but not the obligation, at its sole cost and expense, to participate in the defense of any such claim, demand, suit, cause of action or proceeding. Each indemnitee shall have the right at any time, by notice to each indemnitor, to assume exclusive control of the defense of any claim, demand, suit, cause of action or proceeding insofar as such indemnitee is concerned, at the sole cost and expense of the relevant indemnitor (subject to the right of the relevant indemnitor to contest whether such claim, demand, suit, cause of action or proceeding is within the scope of the indemnities contained in Section 7.1 or Section 7.2 as the case may be), if (a) the relevant indemnitor fails to defend diligently such claim, demand, suit, cause of action or proceeding, (b) there is a conflict in the interests of the relevant indemnitor and such indemnitee with respect to such claim, demand, suit, cause of action or proceeding, or (c) at any time during the pendency of such claim, demand, suit, cause of action or proceeding the relevant indemnitor shall disaffirm its responsibility for the claim involved. Each indemnitor shall pay all reasonable costs that may be incurred by all indemnitees in such defense or in enforcing the indemnity set forth in Section 7.1 or Section 7.2 , as the case may be, including reasonable attorneys' fees, within ten (10) days after request therefor.

7.4       Settlement . Each indemnitor shall have the right to settle, at its sole cost and expense, any claim, demand, suit, cause of action, or proceeding within the scope of Section 7.1 or Section 7.2 , as the case may be, which results only in the payment of money. No indemnitor shall, however, have the right, without the prior written consent of the relevant indemnitee, to settle any claim, demand, suit, cause of action, or proceeding which claim, demand, suit, cause of action or proceeding or settlement thereof, involves nonmonetary obligations of any indemnitee; provided , however , any indemnitee not agreeing to any such settlement proposed by an indemnitor shall be responsible, without benefit of the indemnity contained in Section 7.1 or Section 7.2 , as the case may be, for damages of such indemnitee incurred as a result of not agreeing to such settlement and neither Licensee nor any Affiliate of Licensee shall enter into any such settlement if, in the good-faith opinion of Licensor, such settlement could create a precedent or implication that any Person other than Licensor owns the Technology.
 
14

 
ARTICLE VIII

DISPUTE RESOLUTION

8.1       Agreement to Dispute Resolution . Subject to the provisions of Section 9.8 , in the event a dispute arises between Licensor and Licensee regarding the application or interpretation of this Agreement, such dispute shall be the subject of a dispute resolution process, as provided below in this Article, before either Licensor or Licensee may resort to litigation. Any such dispute resolution process shall be conducted in Orange County, California, or at such other location as may be mutually agreed upon by the Parties.

8.2       Initiation of Dispute Resolution . The Party proposing that any dispute be submitted to dispute resolution shall do so by giving written notice to the other Party of its desire to submit the matter to dispute resolution. Promptly thereafter, but in any event within ten (10) days or such longer time as the Parties may agree upon, the Parties (each being represented by representatives with decision-making authority as to the relevant dispute) shall meet to attempt to resolve the relevant dispute. Each of the Parties shall bear its own expenses incurred in connection with any such meeting.

8.3       Mediation . If the Parties shall fail for any reason, within thirty (30) days from the initial notice provided for in Section 8.2 , to resolve the relevant dispute, then, prior to resorting to litigation, the Parties shall submit the relevant dispute to mediation before a single disinterested mediator, who shall be agreed upon mutually from among those affiliated with Judicial Arbitration & Mediation Services, Inc., or any other mediation service mutually agreed to by the Parties.

8.4       Expense of Mediation . The fees and expenses occasioned by a mediation, including reasonable attorneys' fees of the prevailing Party, shall be the obligation of the nonprevailing Party; provided , however , in the event that neither Party is the sole prevailing Party, unless otherwise agreed by the Parties, the fees and expenses of the mediation process shall be paid in equal proportions by the Parties and each of the Parties shall pay the fees and expenses of its counsel.
 
15


ARTICLE IX

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

9.1       Assignment . Licensor may assign its rights under this Agreement, including in connection with any sale, transfer or other disposition of the Technology, to any other Person, without the consent of Licensee; provided , however , that any such Assignment shall be made expressly subject to this Agreement. Upon the prior written consent of Licensor, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, Licensee may assign all or any portion of its rights under this Agreement to a Project Entity, including any assignment or collateral assignment of this Agreement by Licensee to (a) any Project Lender, or a purchaser at a foreclosure sale who assumes the interests and obligations of Licensee hereunder, or (b) in connection with a sale, transfer or other disposition of a Project to a Project Entity in which the Project Entity assumes the interests and obligations of Licensee with respect to this Agreement. Any attempt by either Party to make any assignment, transfer or other disposition of this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder, other than in accordance with the provisions of this Section shall be null and void and of no effect.

9.2       Successors and Assigns . All terms and provisions contained herein shall inure to the benefit of and shall be binding on each of the Parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns.

9.3       Parties in Interest . Subject to the provisions of Sections 2.3 and 9.2 , and unless otherwise expressly provided herein, this Agreement and each and every provision hereof is for the exclusive benefit of the Parties and is not for the benefit of any third Person.

9.4       Amendments; Waivers . Neither this Agreement nor any provision hereof may be amended, waived, discharged, or terminated orally, but only by an instrument in writing signed by the Party against whom enforcement of the amendment, waiver, discharge, or termination is sought.

9.5       Non-Waiver . It is understood and agreed that any delay, waiver, or omission by any Party to exercise any right or power arising from any breach or default by the other Party with respect to any of the terms, provisions, or covenants of this Agreement shall not be construed to be a waiver by such Party of any subsequent breach or default of the same or other terms, provisions or covenants on the part of such other Party.

9.6       Notices . Any notice, demand, offer, or other written instrument required or permitted to be given pursuant to this Agreement shall be in writing signed by the Party giving such notice and shall be hand delivered or sent by overnight courier, certified mail (return receipt requested), or telefax to the other Party at the relevant address set forth below:

If delivered to Licensor:

Arkenol, Inc.
31 Musick
Irvine, California 92618
Attention:   Arnold R. Klann
Telephone:   (949) 588-3767
Telefax:   (949) 588-3972

16

 
with copy to:

Kathleen D. Klann
Arkenol, Inc.
31 Musick
Irvine, California 92618
Telephone:   (949) 795-4716
Telefax:   (949) 588-3972

If delivered to Licensee:

BlueFire Ethanol, Inc.

Attention:    Necy Sumait  
Telephone:  
Telefax:  

With a copy to:

Corporate attorney (To Be Determined)
BLUEFIRE ETHANOL, INC.

Telephone:  
Telefax:  

Either Party shall have the right to change the address to which notice shall be sent or delivered by similar notice sent in like manner to the other Party. Without limiting any other means by which a Party may be able to provide that a notice has been received by the other Party, a notice shall be deemed to be duly received (a) if sent by hand, on the date when left with a responsible Person at the address of the recipient; (b) if sent by registered mail or overnight courier, on the date of receipt; or (c) if sent by telefax upon receipt by the sender of an acknowledgment or transmission report generated by the machine from which the telefax was sent indicating that the telefax was sent in its entirety to the recipient's facsimile number.

9.7       Attorneys' Fees . In the event any dispute between the Parties to this Agreement should result in litigation or any other proceeding (including mediation), then, subject to the provisions of Section 8.4 to the contrary, the prevailing Party shall be reimbursed by the nonprevailing Party for all reasonable costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees, incurred by the prevailing Party in connection with such litigation or other proceeding and any appeal or enforcement thereof.

17

 
9.8       Injunctive Relief . It is understood and agreed that any breach by Licensee of any of its obligations or agreements under any of Sections 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 6.5 and 9.1 , and under either of Articles IV and VII would cause irreparable injury to Licensor for which money damages would not be a sufficient remedy. In addition, it is understood and agreed that any breach by Licensor of any of its obligations or agreements under any of Sections 2.3, 6.5 and 9.1 and under Article VII would cause irreparable injury to Licensee for which money damages would not be a sufficient remedy. Accordingly, in addition to any remedies available at law, the Parties shall each, as the case may be, be entitled to seek equitable relief, including a restraining order, an injunction and an order of specific performance in the event of any breach or threatened breach by the other Party of any of its respective obligations or agreements under the Sections and Articles of this Agreement referenced above in this Section. Such remedies shall not be deemed to be the exclusive remedy for any such breach or threatened breach of this Agreement, but shall be in addition to all other remedies available to the Parties at law or in equity. The breach or threatened breach of the provisions of the Sections and Articles of this Agreement referenced above shall not be subject to the dispute resolution provisions of this Agreement and the Parties need not pursue dispute resolution prior to seeking relief pursuant to this Section.

9.9       Remedies . Except as provided herein to the contrary, no remedy conferred by any specific provision of this Agreement is intended to be exclusive of any other remedy, and each and every remedy shall be cumulative and shall be in addition to every other remedy given hereunder, or now, or hereafter existing at law, in equity, by statute or otherwise. The election of one or more remedies by either Party shall not constitute a waiver of the right to pursue other available remedies.

9.10         Further Assurances . Each of the Parties agrees to execute and deliver any and all additional papers and documents, and to do any and all acts reasonably necessary in connection with the performance of its obligations hereunder or to carry out the intent of the Parties reflected herein.

9.11         No Agency, Joint Venture, Partnership . The Parties hereby agree that this Agreement merely constitutes a license agreement, and that no agency (except as expressly provided to the contrary in Section 3.6 ), joint venture or partnership is created hereby, and that neither Party shall incur obligations in the name of the other or be obligated in respect of any obligation of the other Party without the prior written consent of such other Party or such Party, as the case may be.

9.12        Severability . Should any part or provision of this Agreement be held unenforceable, the validity of the remaining parts or provisions shall not be affected by such holding so long as the primary purposes and intentions of the Parties can still be accomplished.

9.13        Negotiated Transaction . Each Party affirms to the other that it has had the opportunity to consult and discuss the provisions of this Agreement with independent legal counsel and fully understands the legal effect of each provision. For all purposes, this Agreement shall be deemed to have been drafted jointly by both Parties.

18

 
9.14         Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in multiple counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original instrument and which shall have the same force and effect as the original instrument, and all of which shall constitute one and the same agreement.

9.15         Entire Agreement . This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement of the Parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, both written and oral, between the Parties with respect to the subject matter hereof, including the Original Agreement.

9.16         Jurisdiction and Venue . Subject to the provisions of Article VIII , all actions or proceedings with respect to, arising directly or indirectly in connection with, out of, related to, or from this Agreement or any of the other documents or agreements contemplated herein to be executed by either of the Parties shall be litigated in courts having situs in Orange County, California, and each Party hereby submits to the jurisdiction of such courts in any such action and hereby waives any rights it may have to transfer or change the jurisdiction or venue of any litigation brought against it in accordance with this Section.

9.17         Governing Law . This Agreement shall be governed and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of California without giving effect to the principles thereof relating to conflicts of laws.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused this Agreement to be executed, effective as of the day and year first set forth hereinabove.
 
 
LICENSOR
ARKENOL, INC.
   
 
By:                        /s/ Arnold R. Klann                           
Arnold R. Klann, President
   
 
LICENSEE :
BLUEFIRE ETHANOL, INC.  
   
 
By:                        /s/ Arnold R. Klann                           
It’s President  
 
19

 
 
EXHIBIT A - Description of Process

EXHIBIT B - Description of Testing - Ethanol Specifications
 
 

 
EXHIBIT A

DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCESS
 
The Process relates to a method of producing sugars and other end products using strong acid hydrolysis of cellulosic and hemicellulosic materials, as described in U.S. Patents Nos. 5,562,777 and 5,580,389, issued October 8, 1996 and December 3, 1996, respectively. The Process also includes all related know-how and Improvements to the Technology, whether described in said Patents or in additional patents issued to Licensor from time to time in the future, and whether such know-how or Improvements are protected as trade secrets or not.

 
EXHIBIT B

DESCRIPTION OF TESTING - ETHANOL SPECIFICATIONS
 
 
                 ·   
Collection of target feedstock under Arkenol supervision;

                 ·   
Characterization of feedstock;

                 ·   
Conversion of feedstock to acid hydrolysis sugar;

                 ·   
Analysis of sugar for trace contaminants;

                 ·   
Conversion of acid hydrolysis sugar to Ethanol;

                 ·   
Evaluation of optimum separation techniques for sugar-acid separation.
Exhibit 10.4

ASSET TRANSFER AND ACQUISITION AGREEMENT

This ASSET TRANSFER AND ACQUISITION AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) dated as of the 1 st day of March, 2006 (“Execution Date”) is made and entered into by and between ARK ENERGY, INC ., a Nevada corporation (“Transferor”) and BLUEFIRE ETHANOL, INC ., a Nevada Corporation (“Transferee”), (Transferee and Transferor being sometimes hereinafter referred to individually as a “Party” and collectively as the “Parties”). Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein have the meaning set forth in Article I .

WHEREAS, Transferee has an exclusive license from ARKENOL, INC. to develop, own and operate ethanol plants using the Arkenol Technology for the North American Market, and to sublicense the Technology to third parties to develop, own and operate ethanol plants using the Arkenol Technology for the North American Market;

WHEREAS, Transferor owns certain rights, assets, Work-Product, intellectual property and other know-how on project opportunities that may be used for the deployment of the Arkenol Technology for the North American Market (all of the foregoing being hereafter referred to as the “Interests”) as described in Appendix I; and

WHEREAS, Transferee may use the Interests in its and its sublicensees’ deployment of the Arkenol Technology in the North American Market; and

WHEREAS, Transferor desires to transfer, and Transferee desires to receive all rights, title and interest held by Transferor in the Interests to Transferee, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements set forth in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Parties agree as follows:

ARTICLE I.
 
DEFINITIONS
Section 1.    Definitions .
 
(a)    Defined Terms. As used in this Agreement, the following defined terms have the meanings indicated below:
 
Actions or Proceedings ” means any action, suit, proceeding, arbitration or Government or Regulatory Authority investigation.
 
Affiliate ” means any Person that directly, or indirectly through one of more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control with the Person specified. For purposes of this definition, control of a Person means the power, direct or indirect, to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such Person whether by Contract or otherwise and, in any event and without limitation of the previous sentence, any Person owning ten percent (l0%) or more of the voting securities of another Person shall be deemed to control that Person.
 
 
1

 
 
Agreement ” means this Asset Transfer and Acquisition Agreement and the Appendices and Exhibits herewith, as the same shall be amended from time to time.
 
Arkenol Technology” means Arkenol’s patented technology for the production of ethanol from cellulosic materials.
 
Arkenol License ” means the exclusive license that Transferee has received from Arkenol, Inc.
 
Assets and Properties ” of any Person means all assets and properties of every kind, nature, character and description (whether real, personal or mixed, whether tangible or intangible, and wherever situated), including the goodwill related thereto, operated, owned or leased by such Person.
 
Assignment of Interests ” means the Assignment of Interests substantially in the form of Exhibit A.
 
Business Day ” means a day other than Saturday, Sunday or any day on which banks located in the State of California and Nevada are authorized or obligated to close.
 
Code ” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
 
Environmental Law ” means any Law or Order relating to the regulation or protection of human health, safety or the environment or to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of pollutants, contaminants, chemicals or industrial, toxic or hazardous substances or wastes into the environment (including, without limitation, ambient air, soil, surface water, ground water, wetlands, land or subsurface strata), or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of pollutants, contaminants, chemicals or industrial, toxic or hazardous substances or wastes.
 
Execution Date ” means the date first written in the introductory paragraph of this Agreement.
 
Financial Closing ” shall mean the long term non-recourse financing of the Transferee’s Project(s).
 
GAAP ” means generally accepted accounting principles, consistently applied throughout the specified period and in the immediately prior comparable period.
 
 
2

 
 
Governmental Approval ” means any authorization, approval, consent, license, exception, variance, order, franchise, lease, ruling, permit, tariff, certification, exception, filing, notice to, declarations of, or registration by or with any Governmental or Regulatory Authority.
 
Governmental or Regulatory Authority ” means any court, tribunal, arbitrator, authority, agency, commission, official or other instrumentality of the United States or any state, county, city or other political subdivision.
 
Interests ” has the meaning ascribed to it in the forepart of this Agreement. “Interests” includes the Work Product and any and all other assets, interests or property owned or held by Transferor described in Appendix I hereto.
 
Knowledge of Transferor ” means the actual knowledge of the officers and employees of Transferor.
 
Laws ” means all laws, statutes, treaties, rules, codes, ordinances, regulations, permits, official guidelines, certificates, orders, interpretations, licenses, leases and permits of any Governmental or Regulatory Authority, Governmental Approvals, Environmental Laws, and judgments, decrees, injunctions, writs, orders or like action of any court, arbitrator or other judicial or quasi-judicial tribunal of competent jurisdiction and all requirements of law.
 
Liens ” means any mortgage, pledge, assessment, security interest, lease, lien, adverse claim, levy, charge or other encumbrance of any kind, or any conditional sale contract, title retention contract or other contract to give any of the foregoing.
 
North American Market ” shall mean potential ethanol markets in the United States and Canada.
 
Order ” means any writ, judgment, decree, injunction or similar order of any Governmental or Regulatory Authority (in each such case whether preliminary or final).
 
Party ” or “ Parties ” shall have the meaning set forth in the introductory paragraph to this Agreement.
 
Person ” means any natural person, corporation, limited liability company, general partnership, limited partnership, proprietorship, other business organizations, trust, union, association or Governmental or Regulatory Authority.
 
Performance Bonus ” has the meaning ascribed to it in Article II, Section 2.
 
Start of Construction ” means either the first placement of permanent construction of a building on site, such as the pouring of a slab or footing, the installation of piles, the construction of columns, or any work beyond the stage of excavation; or the placement of a manufactured (mobile) home on a foundation.
 
“Transferee ” has the meaning ascribed to it in the forepart of this Agreement, and includes any successors and assigns.
 
 
3

 
 
“Transferee’s Project(s)” shall mean project(s) owned or controlled by the Transferee or by its sublicensees utilizing the Arkenol Technology in the North American Market.
 
Transferor ” has the meaning ascribed to it in the forepart of this Agreement and includes its successors and assigns.
 
Termination Date ” shall mean the date that is three (3) years after the Execution Date unless otherwise amended by both parties in writing if significant progress has not been made by Transferee to develop, design, and finance its first project
 
Work Product ” shall mean all rights appurtenant to the development of projects related to the Arkenol Technology, data, all reports of consultants, all know-how and information based or obtained in connection with the development of projects related to the Arkenol Technology and all of the other rights (including, but not limited to, development rights and other work products) comprising or relative to the Arkenol Technology.
 
(b)    Construction of Certain Terms and Phrases . Unless context of this Agreement otherwise requires, (i) words of any gender include each other gender, (ii) words using the singular of plural number also include the plural or singular number, respectively; (iii) the terms “ hereof ,” “ herein ,” “ hereby ” and derivative or similar words refer to this entire Agreement; and (iv) the terms “ Article ” or “ Section ” refer to the specified Article or Section of this Agreement. Whenever this Agreement refers to a number of days, such number shall refer to calendar days unless Business Days are specified. All accounting terms used herein and not expressly defined herein shall have the meanings given to them under GAAP. Any representation or warranty contained herein as to the enforceability of a Contract shall be subject to the effect of any bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar law affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and to general equitable principles (regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).
 
ARTICLE II.   
 
TRANSFER OF INTERESTS AND EXECUTION

Section 1.    Transfer and Receipt . Transferor agrees to transfer to Transferee, and Transferee agrees to receive from Transferor at the Execution Date, all of the rights, title and interests of Transferor in and to the Interests on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement.
 
Section 2.    Performance Bonus . In consideration of the receipt and transfer described above and in the event that the Interests are used by Transferee in Transferee’s Project(s), Transferee shall pay to Transferor an aggregate sum (the “Performance Bonus”) of up to a maximum of SIXTEEN MILLION DOLLARS ($16,000,000). The payment of the Performance Bonus is based on one hundred percent (100%) of the “at-cost” transfer basis of the Interests at the time of that specific Transferee’s Project’s implementation (as described on Table 1) as demonstrated by Start of Construction or Financial Closing, whichever is earlier, and subject to the limitations in Section 3 of this Article II.
 
 
4

 
 
Section 3.      Payment of Performance Bonus .
 
(a)    The Performance Bonus shall be due and payable as follows:
 
(i)    The Performance Bonus shall be paid in whole or in increments, based upon the value of the use of the Interests, or a portion thereof, by Transferee in Transferee’s Project(s). Such payment(s) shall be paid no later than thirty (30) days after the Financial Closing or Start of Construction of Transferee’s Project(s) utilizing the Interests, or a portion thereof, and receipt of an Invoice from Transferor of the amount due. All payments to Transferor under this Agreement will be solely by bank wire transfer in U.S. dollars.
 
Section 4.    Conversion Requirements . The Performance Bonus will be converted to preferred shares in the event BlueFire becomes or is reorganized into a publicly traded company. Such preferred shares issued will have a right of conversion to common stock at a ratio that will be limited to a maximum face value of sixteen million dollars ($ 16,000,000) as determined by the price of the common stock at the time of conversion to common shares which shall occur five years from the date of first trading of shares.
 
ARTICLE III.
 
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF TRANSFEROR
 
Except as otherwise provided herein, Transferor hereby represents and warrants to Transferee as follows:
 
Section 1.    Existence . Transferor is a corporation duly incorporated, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Nevada. Transferor has full corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and to perform its obligations hereunder and to consummate the sale of the Interests contemplated hereby.
 
Section 2.    Authority . The execution and delivery by Transferor of this Agreement, and the performance by Transferor of its obligations hereunder, have been duly and validly authorized by its board of directors, no other corporate action on the part of Transferor, its stockholders or any other person being necessary. This Agreement has been duly and validly executed and delivered by Transferor and constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of Transferor enforceable against Transferor in accordance with its terms.  
 
Section 3.    Title to Properties . Transferor has good, valid and marketable title to the Interests, subject to no encumbrance, Lien, charge or other restriction of any kind or character.
 
Section 4.    Interests . At the Execution Date, the delivery of an Assignment of Interests provided in Section 4 of Article II will transfer to Transferee good and valid title to the Interests, free and clear of all Liens, other than Liens created or suffered to exist by Transferee.
 
 
5

 
 
Section 5.    Legal Proceedings . There are no Actions or Proceedings pending or, to the Knowledge of Transferor, threatened against, relating to or affecting Transferor or any of its Assets and Properties which could reasonably be expected to result in the issuance of an Order restraining, enjoining or otherwise prohibiting or making illegal the consummation of the sale of the Interests contemplated by this Agreement.
 
Section 6.    Consents; No Violation of Agreements . No consent of any person is necessary for the consummation by Transferor of the transactions set forth herein, including, without limitation, consents from governmental agencies, whether federal, state or local, and neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Transferor nor the consummation or performance by Transferor of any of the transactions set forth herein, will directly or indirectly (with or without notice or lapse of time) contravene, conflict with, or result in a violation or breach of any provision of, or give any person the right to declare a default or exercise any remedy under, or to accelerate the maturity or performance of, or to cancel, terminate, or modify, any of the Interests.
 
Section 7.    Taxes .
 
(a)    Transferor is not a “foreign person” within the meaning of Section 1445(b)(2) of the Code;
 
(b)    There are no liens for Taxes upon any of the Interests;
 
(c)    None of the assets of Transferor is “tax-exempt use property” within the meaning of Section 168(h) of the Code or tax-exempt bond financed property within the meaning of Section 168(g)(5) of the Code and none of the assets of Transferor is subject to any lease made pursuant to Section 168(f)(8) of the Code (as in effect from time to time prior to the date hereof); and
 
Section 8.    Bankruptcy . Transferor has not filed any voluntary petition in bankruptcy or been adjudicated as bankrupt or insolvent, filed any petition or answer seeking any reorganization, liquidation, dissolution or similar relief under any federal or state bankruptcy act, insolvency, or other debtor relief law, nor sought or consented to or acquiesced in the appointment of any trustee, receiver, conservator or liquidator of all or any substantial part of its properties.
 
Section 9.    Brokers . All negotiations relative to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby have been carried out by Transferor directly with Transferee without the intervention of any Person on behalf of Transferor in such manner as to give rise to any valid claim by any Person against Transferee for a finder’s fee, brokerage commission or similar payment.
 
Section 10.    Disclosure . Transferor has made available to Transferee copies of all books and records in its possession relating to the Interests, including, but not limited to, all governmental communications, reviews, audits, investigations or inspections, whether pending, completed or, to Transferor’s knowledge, threatened, relating to the Projects or the Interests, which contain any material data or information with respect to the ownership or development of the Projects. The representations and warranties of Transferor, when taken as a whole, do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact nor do they omit to state a material fact which is or should have been known to Transferor or its Affiliates to be necessary in order to make the representations and warranties made, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
 
 
6

 
 
ARTICLE IV.
 
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF TRANSFEREE
 
Transferee hereby represents and warrants to Transferor as follows:
 
Section 1.    Corporate Existence . Transferee is a to be formed corporation that would be duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the State of Nevada. Transferee has full corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement, to perform its obligations hereunder and to consummate the receipt of the Interests contemplated hereby. If the corporation is not formed within one (1) year of the Execution Date, then this Agreement is voided.
 
Section 2.    Authority . The execution and delivery by Transferee of this Agreement, and the performance by Transferee of its obligations hereunder, have been duly and validly authorized by the President of Transferee, no other action on the part of Transferee being necessary. This Agreement has been duly and validly executed and delivered by Transferee and constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of Transferee enforceable against Transferee in accordance with its terms.
 
Section 3.    Legal Proceedings . There are no Actions or Proceedings pending or, to the knowledge of Transferee, threatened against, relating to or affecting Transferee or any of its Assets and Properties which could reasonably be expected to result in the issuance of an Order restraining, enjoining or otherwise prohibiting or making illegal the consummation of the receive of the Interests contemplated by this Agreement.
 
Section 4.    Brokers . All negotiations relative to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby have been carried out by Transferee directly with Transferor without the intervention of any Person on behalf of Transferee in such manner as to give rise to any valid claim by any Person against Transferor or any Subsidiary for a finder’s fee, brokerage commission or similar payment.
 
ARTICLE V.
 
COVENANTS OF TRANSFEROR
 
Transferor covenants and agrees with Transferee that, at all times from and after the date hereof until the Termination Date, Transferor will comply with all covenants and provisions of this Article V , except to the extent Transferee may otherwise consent in writing.
 
 
7

 
 
Section 1.    Fulfillment of Conditions . Transferor will proceed diligently and in good faith and will take all commercially reasonable steps necessary or desirable to satisfy each condition to the obligations of Transferee contained in this Agreement and will not take or fail to take any action that could reasonably be expected to result in the nonfulfillment of any such condition.
 
Section 2.    Duty to Notify . Transferor shall promptly notify Transferee of any actions or events that might have a material adverse effect or which may result in a breach of covenants in this Article V , may result in a breach of the representations and warranties in Article III, or may otherwise impede the use of the Interests by Transferee.
 
Section 3.    Duty to Cooperate . Transferor shall use its best reasonable efforts to cooperate with Transferee to facilitate the use of the Interests by Transferee.
 
Section 4.    Non-Competition . Transferor shall not engage in any activity that is in any way competitive with Transferee’s interest in the use of the Interests, and shall not assist any other person or organization in competing with or in preparing to compete with Transferee’s interest in the Interests.
 
ARTICLE VI.
 
COVENANTS OF TRANSFEREE
 
Transferee covenants and agrees with Transferor that, at all times from and after the date hereof until the Termination Date, Transferee will comply with all covenants and provisions of this Article VI , except to the extent Transferor may otherwise consent in writing.
 
Section 1.    Fulfillment of Conditions . Transferee will take all commercially reasonable steps necessary or desirable to satisfy each condition to the obligations of Transferor contained in this Agreement and will not take or fail to take any action that could reasonably be expected to result in the nonfulfillment of any such condition.
 
ARTICLE VII.
 
CONDITIONS TO OBLIGATIONS OF TRANSFEREE
 
The obligations of Transferee hereunder to receive the Interests are subject to the fulfillment, at or before the Execution Date, of each of the following conditions (all or any of which may be waived in whole or in part by Transferee in its sole discretion).
 
Section 1.    Performance . Transferor shall have performed and complied with, in all material respects, the agreements, covenants and obligations required by this Agreement to be so performed or complied with by Transferor at or before the Execution Date.
 
 
8

 
 
Section 2.    Accuracy of Representations and Warranties . The representations and warranties of the Transferors herein contained shall be true at the Execution Date in all material respects.
 
Section 3.    Assignment of Interests . Transferor shall have delivered the Assignment of Interests, substantially in the form of Exhibit A .
 
ARTICLE VIII.
 
CONDITIONS TO OBLIGATIONS OF TRANSFEROR
 
The obligations of Transferor hereunder to transfer the Interests are subjected to the fulfillment, at or before the Execution Date, of each of the following conditions (all or any of which may be waived in whole or in part by Transferor in its sole discretion).
 
Section 1.    Performance . Transferee shall have performed and complied with, in all material respects, the agreements, covenants and obligations required by this Agreement to be so performed or complied with by the Transferee at or before the Execution Date.
 
ARTICLE IX.
 
TERMINATION
 
Section 1.    Termination . This Agreement may be terminated by Transferee, and the transactions contemplated hereby may be abandoned, at any time before the Termination Date, at the sole discretion of Transferee with or without cause, by giving written notice to Transferor. Upon termination, Transferee shall relinquish all rights to the Interests.
 
Section 2.    Effect of Termination . If this Agreement is validly terminated pursuant to Section 1 of this Article IX, this Agreement will forthwith become null and void, and there shall be no liability or obligation on the part of Transferor or Transferee (or any of their respective officers, directors, employees, agents or other representatives or Affiliates), subject to the following exceptions:
 
(a)    Article X and Sections 3, 4, 5, 14, 15 and 16 of Article XI shall continue to apply following any such termination; and
 
ARTICLE X.
 
INDEMNIFICATION
 
Section 1.    Indemnification of Transferee by Transferor . Transferor hereby agrees to indemnify and hold harmless Transferee, its Affiliates and their respective shareholders, managers, officers, directors, members, employees, partners, agents, and their respective heirs, personal representatives, successors and assigns (the “Transferee Indemnified Parties”) from and against any and all claims, demands, actions, proceedings, investigations and rights of action asserted by any third party against any of the Transferee Indemnified Parties, including reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs, whether or not action is instituted and, if instituted, whether at any trial or appellate level, whether raised by the Transferee Indemnified Parties or a third party ,   which shall or   may arise by virtue of or in connection with (i) anything done or omitted to be done by Transferor in connection with this Agreement, (ii) any breach by Transferor of a covenant, warranty or representation contained herein, or (iii) anything done or omitted to be done by Transferor in connection with the Interests prior to the Execution Date or after the termination of this Agreement pursuant to Article IX. Indemnity claims shall be payable when incurred by the Transferee Indemnified Parties.
 
 
9

 
 
Section 2.    Indemnification of Transferor by Transferee . Transferee hereby agrees to indemnify and hold Transferor, its Affiliates, officers, directors, managers, members, employees, partners, shareholders, agents and their respective heirs, personal representatives, successors and assigns (the “Transferor Indemnified Parties”) harmless from and against any and all claims, demands, actions, proceedings, investigations and rights of action asserted by any third party against any of the Transferor Indemnified Parties, including reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs, whether action is instituted or not and, if instituted, whether at any trial or appellate level, whether raised by the Transferor Indemnified Parties or a third party, which shall or may arise by virtue of or in connection with (i) anything done or omitted to be done by Transferee with respect to the obligations of Transferee pursuant to this Agreement, or (ii) any breach by Transferee of a covenant; warranty or representation contained herein. Indemnity claims shall be payable when incurred by the Transferor Indemnified Parties.
 
Section 3.    Limitation on Indemnification . The maximum amount of losses that either Party will be responsible to bear under Sections 1 and 2, respectively, of this Article X is One Million Dollars ($1,000,000). This maximum amount shall not apply to losses resulting from either Party’s fraud, intentional misrepresentation, intentional breaches of covenants, or intentional violations of any Law.
 
ARTICLE XI.
 
MISCELLANEOUS
 
Section 1.    Notices . All notices, requests and other communications hereunder must be in writing and will be deemed to have been duly given only if delivered personally or by messenger (including by air courier) or by facsimile transmission or mailed (first class postage prepaid) to the Parties at the following addresses or facsimile numbers:
 
 
10

 
 
If to Transferee, to:
 
BLUEFIRE ETHANOL, INC .
31 Musick
Irvine, California 92618
Attn: Arnold Klann
Tel: (949) 588-3767 ext. 310
Fax: (949) 580-6935
 
If to Transferor, to:
 
ARK ENERGY, INC.
31 Musick
Irvine, California 92618
Attn: Necy Sumait
Tel: (949) 588-3767, ext. 304
Fax: (949) 588-3972
 
All such notices, requests and other communications will (i) if delivered personally or by messenger (including by air courier) to the address as provided in this Section, be deemed given upon delivery, (ii) if delivered by facsimile transmission to the facsimile number as provided in this Section, be deemed given upon receipt, and (iii) if delivered by mail in the manner described above to the address as provided in this Section, be deemed given upon receipt (in each case regardless of whether such notice, request or other communication is received by any other Person to whom a copy of such notice, request or other communication is to be delivered pursuant to this Section). Any Party from time to time may change its address, facsimile number or other information for the purpose of notices to that Party by giving notice specifying such change to the other Party.
 
Section 2.    Entire Agreement . Each appendix and exhibit delivered pursuant to this Agreement will be in writing and will constitute a part of this Agreement. This Agreement, together with those appendices and exhibits, constitutes the entire agreement among the Parties pertaining to the subject matter of this Agreement and supersedes all the Parties’ prior agreements and understandings in connection therewith.
 
Section 3.    Expenses . Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, whether or not the sale of the Interests contemplated hereby are consummated, each Party will pay its own costs and expenses incurred in connection with the negotiation, execution and Execution of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby.
 
Section 4.    Public Announcements . Any public announcement reporting the transfer hereunder or concerning the transactions contemplated hereby shall be made at the sole discretion of Transferee. Transferor will not issue or make any reports, statements or releases to the public with respect to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby without the prior written consent of Transferee.
 
 
11

 
 
Section 5.    Waiver . Any term or condition of this Agreement may be waived at any time by the Party that is entitled to the benefit thereof, but no such waiver shall be effective unless set forth in a written instrument duly executed by or on behalf of the Party waiving such term or condition. No waiver by any Party of any term or condition of this Agreement, in any one or more instances, shall deemed to be or construed as a waiver of the same or any other term or condition of this Agreement on any future occasion. All remedies, either under this Agreement or by Law or otherwise afforded, will be cumulative and not alternative.
 
Section 6.    Further Assurances . Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, at any time or from time to time after the Execution, each of the Parties shall execute and deliver such other documents and instruments, provide such materials and information and take such other actions as may reasonably be necessary, proper or advisable, to the extent permitted by Law, to fulfill its obligations under this Agreement.
 
Section 7.    Amendment . This Agreement may be amended, supplemented or modified only by a written instrument duly executed by or on behalf of each Party.
 
Section 8.    No Third Party Beneficiary . The terms and provisions of this Agreement are intended solely for the benefit of each Party and their respective successors or permitted assigns, and it is not the intention of the Parties to confer third-party beneficiary rights upon any other Person.
 
Section 9.    No Assignment; Binding Effect . Transferee may assign this Agreement in whole or in part at any time, or from time to time, in its sole discretion; provided, however, any such assignee shall assume Transferee’s obligations hereunder (in whole or in part, as appropriate). Neither this Agreement nor any right, interest or obligation hereunder may be assigned by Transferor without the prior written consent of Transferee and any attempt to do so will be void. Subject to the preceding sentences, this Agreement is binding upon, inures to the benefit of and is enforceable by the Parties and their respective successors and assigns.
 
Section 10.    Headings . The headings used in this Agreement have been inserted for convenience of reference only and do not define or limit the provisions hereof.
 
Section 11.    Invalid Provisions . If any provision of this Agreement is held to be illegal, invalid or unenforceable under any present or future Law, and if the rights or obligations of any Party under this Agreement will not be materially and adversely affected thereby, (a) such provision will be fully severable, (b) this Agreement will be construed and enforced as if such illegal, invalid or unenforceable provision had never comprised a part hereof, and (c) the remaining provisions of this Agreement will remain in full force and effect and will not be affected by the illegal, invalid or unenforceable provision or by its severance herefrom.
 
Section 12.    Governing Law . This Agreement shall be governed in all respects by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Nevada without regard to principles of conflicts of laws.
 
 
12

 
 
Section 13.    Arbitration . Any controversy or claim arising out of or relating to this Agreement, its enforcement or interpretation, or because of an alleged breach, default, or misrepresentation in connection with any of its provisions, shall be submitted to final and binding arbitration, to be held in Clark County, Nevada in accordance with the Commercial Arbitration Rules or then existing rules for commercial arbitration of the American Arbitration Association. The arbitrator shall be selected by mutual agreement of the parties; if none, then by striking from a panel of arbitrators from the American Arbitration Association.
 
Section 14.    Attorneys’ Fees . In the event of any arbitration or other proceeding between any of the Parties with respect to any of the transactions contemplated hereby or subject matter hereof, the prevailing Party shall, in addition to such other relief as the arbitrator may award, be entitled to recover reasonable attorneys’ fees, all costs of the arbitration, including but not limited to, the arbitration fees, court reporter fees, etc. (and including, if applicable, any costs at the trial and appellate levels and in any bankruptcy proceeding), and expenses of investigation.
 
Section 15.    Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which will be deemed an original, but all of which together will constitute one and the same instrument.
 
Section 17. Conflict . In the event of any conflict between the terms of this Asset Transfer and Acquisition Agreement and the terms of the Assignment of Interests, the terms of the Asset Transfer and Acquisition Agreement shall prevail.
 

 
[Remainder of page intentionally left blank]
 
 
13

 
 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the duly authorized officer of each Party as of the date first above written (“Execution Date”).
     
  BLUEFIRE ETHANOL, INC.
 
 
 
 
 
 
  By:   /s/ Arnold Klann
 
Name: Arnold Klann
  Title: President
 
     
 
ARK ENERGY, INC., A Nevada corporation
 
 
 
 
 
 
  By:   /s/ Necy Sumait
 
Name: Necy Sumait
  Title: Vice President 
 
             
 
14

 
 
  APPENDIX I
 
DESCRIPTION OF INTERESTS
 
·     
Process Design Package for the Sacramento Biorefinery Project prepared by Bateman Engineers;
 
·     
Permits, Work Product, reports, data and any and all information obtained in connection with the project opportunities listed on Table 1 in connection with the Arkenol Technology in the North American Market;
 
·     
Any and all data collected regarding the geographical location of potential sites, environmental conditions, infrastructure, regulatory requirements;
 
·     
Any and all correspondences regarding meetings or telephone calls with utilities, governmental or regulatory agencies, vendors, or potential clients for facility outputs;
 
·     
Any and all draft or completed business plans for potential facilities;
 
·     
Any and all engineering design or data developed for potential projects;
 
·     
Any and all research, data or reports on market information for facility outputs;
 
·     
All documents, studies, reports, material, data, files, contact lists or other information or know-how developed, owned, held or obtained by Transferor in connection with project opportunities; and
 
·     
All other rights of the Transferor (including, but not limited to, development rights, work product and other intellectual, tangible and intangible property) comprising or relative to project opportunities.
 
·     
All rights (including all intellectual property rights), title and interest in and to all assets, contract rights, products, reports, studies, drawings, tracings, schedules, photographs, slides, estimates, specifications, diagrams, models, calculations and other results of work by Transferor, including any and all development rights and assets that are part of or relate in any way to project opportunities .
 

 
1

 


Table 1
 
Project Name
 
Location
Pilot Analysis
Engineering
Site Development
Feedstock
Benefit to
BlueFire
1
California #1
 
El Sobrante, Simi, Bradley, Meccca, Orange County
   
$700
Urban wood & green waste
1,2,3,4,5
2
California #2
 
Colusa, CA
   
$200
Ag waste
 
3
California #3
 
Rio Linda, CA
$1,500
$2,000
$5,000
Ag waste
1,2,3,4,5,6
4
California #4
 
City of Industry
$10
   
Post sorted MSW
2
5
California #5
 
Alameda Corridor
   
$35
Urban green waste
1
6
California #6
 
Thermo Fibergen
$32
       
7
Canada
 
Suncor
   
$20
   
8
Florida # 1
 
Bartow, FL
$40
 
$100
Sorghum
1,2,3,4
9
Florida # 2
 
Ft. Myers, FL
   
$50
Urban green waste
1,2,5
10
Fort Worth
 
Euless, TX
$400
$2,000
$2,000
Urban green waste
1,2,3,4,5,6
11
Hawaii
 
Various
$30
 
$800
Ag waste
1,2,3,5
12
Illinois
 
Robbins, IL
$30
 
$300
Post sorted MSW
1,2
13
Minnesota #1
 
Becker, MN
$60
$50
$150
MSW/RDF
1,2,3
14
Minnesota #2
 
Mankato, MN
$60
$100
$150
MSW/RDF
1,2,3
15
Minnesota #3
 
Dakota County, MN
$30
$50
$200
MSW/RDF
1,2,3
16
Minnesota #4
 
Hibbing, MN
$30
$50
$200
Forest Waste
1,2
17
New Jersey
 
Plumstead
   
$50
Urban green waste
3
18
Pensylvania #1
 
Philadephia, PA
   
$300
Urban green waste
1,3
19
Pensylvania #2
         
Urban green waste
1,3
                 
 
Subtotal ($1000s)
   
$2,222
$4,250
$10,255
   
 
Grand Total ($1000s)
 
$16,727
         
 
 
  Benefits Legend:
1  
  Siting and location
2  
  Feedstock definition
3  
  Product off-take
options
4  
  Site use/ permitting
5  
  Infrstructure requirements
6  
  Co-location with
another facility
 
 
 
2

 
 
EXHIBIT A
 
ASSIGNMENT OF INTERESTS
 
THIS ASSIGNMENT OF INTERESTS, dated as of the 1 st day of March, 2006 by and between ARK ENERGY, INC., a Nevada corporation (the “Transferor”), and BLUEFIRE ETHANOL, INC., a to be formed Nevada corporation (the “Transferee”),
 
W I T N E S S E T H
 
WHEREAS, pursuant to that certain Asset Transfer and Acquisition Agreement dated as of March 1, 2006 (as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Asset Transfer and Acquisition Agreement”), by and between Transferor and Transferee, Transferor has agreed to transfer, assign, convey, transfer and deliver all of its respective rights, title and interest in and to the Interests (as defined in the Asset Transfer and Acquisition Agreement) to Transferee and Transferee has agreed to receive and acquire such Interests from Transferor, all as more fully described in the Asset Transfer and Acquisition Agreement; and
 
WHEREAS, pursuant to the Asset Transfer and Acquisition Agreement, Transferor and Transferee have agreed to enter into this Assignment of Interests pursuant to which the Interests will be conveyed to Transferee.
 
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing premises and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:
 
1.       Defined Terms . Capitalized terms which are used but not defined in this Assignment of Interests shall have the meaning ascribed to such terms in the Asset Transfer and Acquisition Agreement.
 
2.       Assignment . Subject to the terms and conditions of the Asset Transfer and Acquisition Agreement, Transferor does hereby transfer, assign, convey, transfer and deliver to Transferee all of Transferor’s right, title and interest in and to all of the Interests. Transferor agrees to execute and deliver such other documents and instruments requested from time to time by Transferee, including assignments in recordable form, and take such other actions as may reasonably be necessary, proper or advisable, to evidence the assignment of the Interests described herein.
 
3.       Appointment . Transferor hereby constitutes and appoints Transferee and its successors and assigns as Transferor’s true and lawful attorney, with full power of substitution, in Transferor’s name and stead, by, on behalf of and for the benefit of Transferee, and its successors and assigns, to demand and receive any and all of the Interests transferred hereunder and to give receipts and releases for and in respect of the same, and any part thereof, and from time to time to institute and prosecute, at the expense and for the benefit of Transferee, and its successors and assigns, any and all proceedings at law, in equity or otherwise, which Transferee, and its successors or assigns, may deem proper for the collection or reduction to possession of any of the Interests transferred hereunder or for the collection and enforcement of any claim or right of any kind herby sold, assigned, conveyed, transferred and delivered, and to do all acts and things in relation to the Interests transferred hereunder which Transferee, and its successors or assigns, shall deem desirable.
 
 
A-1

 
 
4.       No Third Party Beneficiaries . Nothing in this instrument, express or implied, is intended or shall be construed to confer upon, or give to, any person other than Transferee any remedy or claim under or by reason of this instrument or any agreements, terms, covenants or conditions hereof, and all the agreements, terms, covenants and conditions in this instrument contained shall be for the sole and exclusive benefit of Transferee and its successors and permitted assigns.
 
5.       Binding Effect, Assignment . This Assignment of Interests and all of the provisions hereof shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns.
 
6.       Governing Law . This Assignment of Interests shall be governed in all respects by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of California without regard to principles of conflicts of laws.
 
7.       Construction . This Assignment of Interests is delivered pursuant to and is subject to the Asset Transfer and Acquisition Agreement. In the event of any conflict between the terms of the Asset Transfer and Acquisition Agreement and the terms of this Assignment of Interests, the terms of the Asset Transfer and Acquisition Agreement shall prevail.
 
[Remainder of page intentionally left blank]
 
 
A-2

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Assignment of Interests has been duly executed and delivered by the duly authorized officers of the parties hereto as of the date first above written.
     
 
ARK ENERGY, INC., a Nevada corporation
 
 
 
 
 
 
  By:   /s/ Necy Sumait
 
Name: Necy Sumait
  Title: Vice President
 
     
 
BLUEFIRE ETHANOL, INC.
a to-be formed Nevada Corporation
 
 
 
 
 
 
  By:   /s/ Arnold Klann 
 
Name: Arnold Klann 
  Title: President  

                     
A-3

Exhibit 21.1

SUBSIDIARIES OF BLUEFIRE ETHANOL FUELS, INC.
 
1.             BlueFire Ethanol, Inc., a Nevada corporation, operates as a wholly-owned subsidiary of BlueFire Ethanol Fuels, Inc.