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Table of contents
Index to financial statements
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 6, 2006.
Registration No. 333-129935
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
PRE-EFFECTIVE
AMENDMENT NO. 1
TO
FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
EXCO RESOURCES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Texas
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
1311
(Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number) |
74-1492779
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
12377 Merit Drive, Suite 1700, LB 82
Dallas, Texas 75251
(214) 368-2084
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant's principal executive offices)
Douglas H. Miller
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
12377 Merit Drive, Suite 1700, LB 82
Dallas, Texas 75251
(214) 368-2084
(Name and address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
Copies to:
William L. Boeing
Haynes and Boone, LLP 2505 North Plano Road, Suite 4000 Richardson, Texas 75082 (972) 680-7550 (972) 680-7551 (fax) |
Gary L. Sellers
Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP 425 Lexington Avenue New York, New York 10017-3954 (212) 455-2695 (212) 455-2502 (fax) |
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale of securities to the public:
As soon as practical after the effective date of this Registration Statement.
If any of the securities being registered on this form are being offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. o
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434, check the following box. o
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
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Title of Each Class of
Securities to be Registered |
Proposed Maximum
Aggregate Offering Price(1) |
Amount of
Registration Fee |
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Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share | $825,000,000 | $96,300(2) | ||
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The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
Subject to completion, dated January 6, 2006
Prospectus
The information contained in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and we are not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
shares
EXCO Resources, Inc.
Common stock
This is an initial public offering of shares of common stock by EXCO Resources, Inc. We are offering shares of our common stock. We anticipate the initial public offering price to be between $ and $ per share.
We have applied for the listing of our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange. We expect our common stock to be quoted under the symbol "XCO".
This investment involves risk. See "Risk factors" beginning on page 14.
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Per share
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Total
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Public offering price | $ | $ | ||||
Underwriting discount |
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Proceeds, before expenses, to EXCO Resources, Inc. |
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$ |
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The underwriters have a 30-day option to purchase up to additional shares of common stock from us to cover over-allotments, if any.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The underwriters expect to deliver the shares against payment in New York, New York on , 2006.
JPMorgan | Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. | Goldman, Sachs & Co. |
A.G. Edwards | ||||
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Credit Suisse First Boston |
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KeyBanc Capital Markets |
The date of this prospectus is , 2006.
You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. We have not, and the underwriters have not, authorized any person to provide you with different information. This prospectus is not an offer to sell, nor is it an offer to buy, these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted. The information in this prospectus is complete and accurate as of the date on the front cover, but the information may have changed since that date.
The items in the following summary are described in more detail later in this prospectus. This summary provides a brief overview of the key aspects of this offering and does not contain all of the information you should consider. Therefore, you should also read the more detailed information set forth in this prospectus, including the financial statements and related notes, before investing in our common stock. Unless the context requires otherwise, references in this prospectus to "EXCO," "we," "us," and "our" are to EXCO Resources, Inc., its consolidated subsidiaries, and our parent, EXCO Holdings Inc., which will merge with and into EXCO Resources immediately prior to this offering.
All reserve and other non-financial operating data described as being presented on a pro forma basis excludes data relating to our former Canadian subsidiary, Addison Energy Inc., or Addison, that we sold in February 2005, but includes data relating to ONEOK Energy Resources Company and ONEOK Energy Resources Holdings, L.L.C., collectively ONEOK Energy, acquired in September 2005 by TXOK Acquisition, Inc., or TXOK, which will become our wholly-owned subsidiary immediately following this offering. For a description of these and other significant events involving EXCO, see "Our history." We have provided definitions for some of the oil and natural gas industry terms used in this prospectus in the "Glossary of selected oil and natural gas terms" beginning on page 173.
Our company
We are an independent oil and natural gas company engaged in the acquisition, development and exploitation of onshore North American oil and natural gas properties. We expect to continue to grow by leveraging our management team's experience, exploiting our multi-year inventory of development drilling locations and exploitation projects, and selectively pursuing acquisitions that meet our strategic and financial objectives. Our management team first purchased a significant ownership interest in us in December 1997, and since then we have achieved substantial growth in reserves and production. Since the beginning of 1998, we have increased our Proved Reserves from 4.7 Bcfe to 684.1 Bcfe on a pro forma basis, and our average daily production increased from less than 1 Mmcfe per day in 1997 to 118.9 Mmcfe per day in September 2005, on a pro forma basis. The related pre-tax PV-10 of our pro forma Proved Reserves was $3.1 billion as of September 30, 2005.
Our operations are focused in key North American oil and natural gas areas including Appalachia, East Texas, Mid-Continent, Permian, and the Rockies. Our assets are characterized by long reserve lives, a multi-year inventory of development drilling and exploitation projects, high drilling success rates, and a high natural gas concentration. For the month ended September 30, 2005, on a pro forma basis we produced 118.9 Mmcfe per day of oil and natural gas, which implies a Reserve Life of 15.8 years. As of September 30, 2005, on a pro forma basis, we have identified approximately 1,600 drilling locations and over 500 exploitation projects. From January 1, 2002 to September 30, 2005, we have drilled and completed 218 wells and experienced a 96% drilling success rate. As of September 30, 2005, 90% of our pro forma Proved Reserves were natural gas and 82% were Proved Developed Reserves.
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Our management team has led both public and private oil and natural gas companies over the past 20 years. The average industry experience of our management team is over 26 years. Since the beginning of 1998, on a pro forma basis, we have completed 136 acquisitions totaling 941.2 Bcfe of Proved Reserves, calculated as of the effective date of purchase, for approximately $1.4 billion. Included in these amounts are the January 2004 acquisition of North Coast Energy, Inc., or North Coast, for $225.1 million and the September 2005 acquisition of ONEOK Energy by TXOK for $634.8 million after contractual adjustments. The North Coast acquisition added 171.1 Bcfe of Proved Reserves, as estimated as of September 30, 2003, and established a new core operating area for us in the Appalachian Basin, which positioned us to benefit from the attractive qualities of the basin and to capitalize on consolidation opportunities in the area. The acquisition of ONEOK Energy will add 223.3 Bcfe of Proved Reserves, as estimated as of July 31, 2005, and will strengthen our position in the East Texas and Mid-Continent areas. Both acquisitions significantly increase our pro forma multi-year inventory of development drilling locations and exploitation projects.
Summary of geographic areas of operation
The following tables and descriptions set forth summary information attributable to our principal geographic areas of operation. The operating information contained in the tables below is presented as of September 30, 2005 on a pro forma basis:
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Areas
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Identified
drilling locations(4) |
Identified
exploitation projects(5) |
Total gross
acreage |
Total net
acreage |
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Appalachia | 1,053 | 83 | 665,919 | 639,077 | (6) | |||||
East Texas(3) | 209 | 171 | 56,579 | 31,669 | ||||||
Mid-Continent(3) | 193 | 178 | 177,992 | 103,435 | ||||||
Permian | 84 | 33 | 47,755 | 27,394 | ||||||
Rockies | 59 | 55 | 56,439 | 30,108 | ||||||
Other | 3 | 17 | 8,100 | 4,461 | ||||||
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Total | 1,601 | 537 | 1,012,784 | 836,144 | ||||||
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(in millions)
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PV-10 | $ | 3,073.9 | ||
Future income taxes | (2,321.2 | ) | ||
Discount of future income taxes at 10% per annum | 1,348.4 | |||
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Standardized Measure | $ | 2,101.1 | ||
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Appalachia. Appalachia is our largest operating area on the basis of reserves and production. These operations primarily include development drilling on our existing acreage, as well as the acquisition of properties with established production and growth opportunities. Our activities are conducted primarily in five general project areas located in Pennsylvania, West Virginia and Ohio. All references to our Appalachia operations are to the operations and assets of our wholly-owned subsidiary, North Coast.
East Texas. We expect our East Texas area to provide the most significant contribution to our 2005 and 2006 growth in Proved Reserves and production. Our exploitation and development drilling in the area will be substantially enhanced with the ONEOK Energy acquisition. Our activities are conducted primarily in four principal fields in the Cotton Valley Sand trend.
Mid-Continent. Our Mid-Continent area is primarily comprised of properties being acquired in the ONEOK Energy acquisition located in the Anadarko Shelf and Anadarko Basin of Oklahoma. Our operations are focused on exploitation, development drilling and acquisitions. We drill shallow wells as well as deeper wells that target more prolific formations. Our activities are conducted primarily in three principal fields.
Permian. Our Permian area is comprised primarily of natural gas properties in two principal fields in West Texas. Our operations center on conventional natural gas drilling and workovers to exploit the higher potential of this area.
Rockies. In our Rockies area, we are focused on the Wattenberg Field in the DJ Basin of northeastern Colorado. Our activities in this area primarily include development drilling and exploitation enhanced by the application of improved fracturing technology.
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We plan to achieve reserve, production, and cash flow growth by executing our strategy as highlighted below:
Our strengths
We have a number of strengths that we believe will help us successfully execute our strategy.
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Our challenges and risks
The implementation of our business strategy, maintenance of our strengths, and our future operating results and financial condition are subject to a number of challenges, risks and uncertainties. These challenges and risks include the following:
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You should carefully consider these challenges and risks as well as all of the information contained in this prospectus prior to investing in the common stock. In particular, we urge you to carefully review the information under "Risk factors" beginning on page 14 of this prospectus so that you understand the risks associated with an investment in our company and our common stock.
Our history
Going private transaction. On July 29, 2003, EXCO Resources, Inc. consummated a going private transaction pursuant to which it became a wholly-owned subsidiary of EXCO Holdings. Prior to July 29, 2003, EXCO Resources had registered equity securities that were publicly traded on the NASDAQ National Market. Prior to the going private transaction, EXCO Holdings had no assets, liabilities or operations other than those nominal to its formation. Accordingly, EXCO Resources was deemed the predecessor entity to EXCO Holdings through July 28, 2003.
North Coast acquisition. On January 27, 2004, we acquired North Coast for a purchase price of $225.1 million. The North Coast acquisition established a new core operating area for us in the Appalachian Basin, which positioned us to benefit from the attractive qualities of the basin and to capitalize on consolidation opportunities in the area.
Sale of Addison. On February 10, 2005, we sold Addison, our former wholly-owned subsidiary through which all of our Canadian operations were conducted, for an aggregate purchase price of Cdn. $551.3 million ($443.3 million).
ONEOK Energy acquisition. On September 27, 2005, our affiliate, TXOK, completed the acquisition of ONEOK Energy, or the ONEOK Energy acquisition, for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $642.9 million ($634.8 million after contractual adjustments). ONEOK Energy had Proved Reserves, estimated as of July 31, 2005, of approximately 223.3 Bcfe primarily located in the East Texas and Mid-Continent areas. We have a $20.0 million equity investment in TXOK, which constitutes all of the outstanding common stock and 10% of the voting rights of TXOK. Immediately following this offering, we intend to redeem all of the outstanding 15% Series A Convertible Preferred Stock of TXOK, or the TXOK preferred stock, which represents 90% of the voting rights of TXOK. The redemption price for the TXOK preferred stock will be (a) cash in the amount of $150.0 million plus accrued and unpaid dividends at a rate of 15% and (b) that number of shares of common stock of EXCO Resources, cash, or any combination thereof, at the election of the TXOK preferred stock holder, necessary to produce an overall 23% annualized rate of return on the stated value of the TXOK preferred stock as of the date of redemption. Once the TXOK preferred stock is redeemed, TXOK will become our wholly-owned subsidiary.
TXOK funded the ONEOK Energy acquisition with (i) $20.0 million in private debt financing, which has since been repaid; (ii) the issuance of $150.0 million of the TXOK preferred stock to BP EXCO Holdings LP, an entity controlled by Mr. Boone Pickens, one of our directors; (iii) approximately $308.8 million of borrowings under the revolving credit facility of TXOK, or the TXOK credit facility; and (iv) $200.0 million of borrowings under the second lien term loan
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facility of TXOK, or the TXOK term loan. See "Interim financing arrangements" for a description of these financing arrangements.
Equity Buyout. On October 3, 2005, EXCO Holdings II, Inc., or Holdings II, an entity formed by our management, purchased 100% of the outstanding equity securities of EXCO Holdings for an aggregate price of approximately $699.3 million, resulting in a change of control and a new basis of accounting. To fund this purchase, Holdings II incurred $350.0 million in indebtedness under an interim bank loan, including $0.7 million for working capital, and raised $183.1 million of equity financing. Current management and other stockholders of EXCO Holdings, who had an option to take cash or equity in Holdings II, exchanged EXCO Holdings capital stock for $166.9 million of Holdings II common stock. Immediately following the completion of these transactions, Holdings II merged with and into EXCO Holdings. See "Related party transactionsEquity Buyout" for a discussion of the agreements we entered into in connection with these transactions.
Merger of EXCO Holdings into EXCO Resources. Immediately prior to the consummation of this offering, EXCO Holdings will merge with and into EXCO Resources.
General. EXCO Resources is a Texas corporation incorporated in October 1955. We expect our shares of common stock to be listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "XCO". Our principal executive office is located at 12377 Merit Drive, Suite 1700, Dallas, Texas 75251. Our telephone number is (214) 368-2084.
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The offering
Common stock offered by us | shares(1) | |
Common stock to be outstanding after this offering |
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shares(2) |
Use of proceeds |
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We intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the common stock offered hereby, together with cash and additional borrowings under the EXCO Resources revolving credit agreement, as amended, or our credit agreement, as follows (assuming a closing date for this offering of January 31, 2006): |
$358.4 million to repay $350.0 million in principal plus accrued and unpaid interest under the interim bank loan incurred in connection with the Equity Buyout; | ||
$513.9 million to repay $508.8 million in principal plus accrued and unpaid interest under the TXOK credit facility and the TXOK term loan incurred in connection with the ONEOK Energy acquisition; | ||
$162.0 million to fund the redemption of the $150.0 million of TXOK preferred stock, plus accumulated and unpaid dividends and redemption premium, issued to a related party in connection with the ONEOK Energy acquisition; and | ||
$3.0 million to pay fees and expenses in connection with this offering. | ||
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For more information, see "Use of proceeds." |
Listing |
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We have applied for the listing of our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "XCO." |
Risk factors |
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For a discussion of certain risks associated with an investment in our common stock, including risks related to market price volatility, commodity price risk management activities, acquisition, development and exploitation activities, and estimates of reserves, please see the section entitled "Risk factors" beginning on page 14 of this prospectus. |
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Summary consolidated financial data
The following table presents our summary historical and pro forma financial and operating data.
For historical financial data:
subsequent to July 28, 2003, have been derived from our historical consolidated financial statements included in this prospectus.
For pro forma financial information:
Immediately prior to this offering, EXCO Holdings will merge with and into EXCO Resources, with EXCO Resources as the surviving entity and the successor for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, we have included in this prospectus the financial statements of EXCO Resources (formerly Holdings II for financial reporting purposes) as of September 30, 2005 and from August 12, 2005 (date of inception of Holdings II) to September 30, 2005.
Recent accounting transactions
On October 3, 2005, EXCO Holdings recorded a $44.1 million non-cash stock based compensation expense and a $28.7 million stock based and other compensation expense as a result of the Equity Buyout. Except for the $10.8 million cash compensation payments made in conjunction with the Equity Buyout, these charges are excluded from the pro forma consolidated statements of operations as they are nonrecurring charges related to the Equity Buyout. Further, we have adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R), "Share Based Payments," which will result in an additional non-cash stock based compensation expense of $ million in the fourth quarter related to the October 2005 grant of options under our 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan. See "Management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operationStock based and other compensation expense" and "Management2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan."
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For the 209 day
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For the 156 day
period from July 29, 2003 to December 31, 2003 |
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Nine months ended
September 30, |
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Year ended
December 31, 2002 |
Year ended
December 31, 2004 |
Year ended
December 31, 2004 |
Nine months
ended September 30, 2005 |
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unaudited
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Statement of Cash Flow Data: |
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Operating activities(1) | $ | 31,660 | $ | 20,418 | $ | 21,495 | $ | 118,528 | $ | 88,304 | $ | (80,844 | ) | |||||||||||||
Investing activities | (76,937 | ) | (23,520 | ) | (237,623 | ) | (381,476 | ) | (334,140 | ) | 337,842 | |||||||||||||||
Financing activities | 45,928 | 9,982 | 214,284 | 283,708 | 266,453 | (47,035 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Other Financial and Operating Data: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
EBITDA(2) | 6,583 | 7,034 | 3,716 | 74,228 | 16,090 | 45,036 | $ | 126,706 | $ | (36,260 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA(2) | 9,039 | 1,927 | 5,044 | 73,372 | 50,472 | 90,628 | 152,164 | 161,517 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Balance Sheet Data: | |||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 3,372 | $ | 16,007 | $ | 236,371 | $ | 27,577 | |||||
Total assets | 505,056 | 922,052 | 910,519 | 1,997,897 | |||||||||
Current liabilities | 45,188 | 105,695 | 135,303 | 175,499 | |||||||||
Long-term debt (including current portion) | 99,470 | 487,453 | 452,644 | 637,825 | |||||||||
Stockholders' equity | 183,895 | 203,885 | 230,883 | 954,893 | |||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | 505,056 | 922,052 | 910,519 | 1,997,897 | |||||||||
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Summary operating data
The following table summarizes our historical oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids production, net of royalties, for the periods indicated. The pro forma amounts include the effect of ONEOK Energy, as if their operations were acquired on January 1, 2004.
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The following figures depict our corporate structure prior to this offering and after this offering.
Corporate structure prior to this offering
Corporate structure after this offering
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An investment in our common stock offered by this prospectus involves a substantial risk of loss. You should carefully consider these risk factors, together with all of the other information included in this prospectus, before you decide to purchase shares of our common stock. We believe the risks and uncertainties described below are the most significant we face. The occurrence of any of the following risks could harm our business. In that case, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our operations.
Risks relating to our business
Fluctuations in oil and natural gas prices, which have been volatile at times, may adversely affect our revenues as well as our ability to maintain or increase our borrowing capacity, repay current or future indebtedness and obtain additional capital on attractive terms.
Our future financial condition, access to capital, cash flow and results of operations depend upon the prices we receive for our oil and natural gas. We are particularly dependent on prices for natural gas. As of September 30, 2005, 90% of our pro forma Proved Reserves were natural gas. Historically, oil and natural gas prices have been volatile and are subject to fluctuations in response to changes in supply and demand, market uncertainty and a variety of additional factors that are beyond our control. Factors that affect the prices we receive for our oil and natural gas include:
Our revenues and our ability to maintain or increase our borrowing capacity, to repay current or future indebtedness and to obtain additional capital on attractive terms, all of which can affect the value of our common stock and our ability to pay dividends on our common stock, depends substantially upon oil and natural gas prices.
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Our commodity price risk management program may cause us to forego additional future profits or result in our making cash payments.
To reduce our exposure to changes in the prices of oil and natural gas, we have entered into and may in the future enter into commodity price risk management arrangements for a portion of our oil and natural gas production. The agreements that we have entered into generally have the effect of providing us with a fixed price for a portion of our expected future oil and natural gas production over a fixed period of time. Commodity price risk management arrangements expose us to the risk of financial loss and may limit our ability to benefit from increases in oil and natural gas prices in some circumstances, including the following:
Our commodity price risk management activities could have the effect of reducing our revenues and the value of our common stock, and making it more difficult for us to pay dividends on our common stock. During the year ended December 31, 2004 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, we made cash settlement payments on our commodity price risk management contracts totaling $26.1 million and $62.8 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2005, a $1 increase in the average commodity price per Mcfe would have resulted in an increase in cash settlement payments for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 of approximately $10.6 million. As of December 31, 2004 and September 30, 2005, the net unrealized loss on our commodity price risk management contracts was $54.2 million and $156.5 million, respectively. Since December 31, 2004, we have terminated several of our commodity price risk management contracts upon the payment of $67.6 million to our counterparties, of which $15.0 million was related to the sale of Addison and $52.6 million was related to our U.S. production. Concurrent with the ONEOK Energy acquisition, additional commodity price risk management contracts were entered into to cover an additional portion of the estimated future production. See "Significant transactionsONEOK Energy acquisition". We may continue to incur significant unrealized losses in the future from our commodity price risk management activities to the extent market prices continue to increase and our derivatives contracts remain in place. See "Management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operationOur liquidity, capital resources and capital commitmentsCommodity price risk management activities."
We will face risks associated with the ONEOK Energy acquisition relating to difficulties in integrating operations, potential disruptions of operations, and related negative impact on earnings.
The ONEOK Energy acquisition will represent a significant increase in our reserves and production. The ONEOK Energy acquisition will be larger than any acquisition that we have completed to date. The Proved Reserves in the ONEOK Energy acquisition represent approximately 33% of our pro forma Proved Reserves as of September 30, 2005. In addition, on a pro forma basis, we will be adding 1,041 gross (445.1 net) wells to our consolidated portfolio
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of wells, including approximately 514 gross operated wells, which will materially increase the number of wells we currently operate. All of these factors could present significant integration challenges for us. In addition to the other general acquisition risks described elsewhere in this section, the magnitude of the ONEOK Energy acquisition could strain our managerial, financial, accounting, technical, operational and administrative resources, disrupt our ongoing business, distract management, divert resources and make it difficult to maintain our current business standards as well as our internal controls and procedures. In addition, since we will acquire only one field office in connection with the ONEOK Energy acquisition, we may be unable to open field or other offices on terms acceptable to us required to accommodate the employees we hired in connection with the ONEOK Energy acquisition. We may not be successful in overcoming these risks or any other problems encountered in connection with the ONEOK Energy acquisition, all of which could negatively impact our results of operations and our ability to generate cash needed to service our debt and fund our capital program and other working capital requirements.
We may be unable to acquire or develop additional reserves, which would reduce our revenues and access to capital.
Our success depends upon our ability to find, develop or acquire additional oil and natural gas reserves that are profitable to produce. Factors that may hinder our ability to acquire additional oil and natural gas reserves include competition, access to capital, prevailing oil and natural gas prices and the number and attractiveness of properties for sale. If we are unable to conduct successful development activities or acquire properties containing Proved Reserves, our total Proved Reserves will generally decline as a result of production. Also, our production will generally decline. In addition, if our reserves and production decline, then the amount we are able to borrow under our credit agreement will also decline. We may be unable to locate additional reserves, drill economically productive wells or acquire properties containing Proved Reserves.
We may not identify all risks associated with the acquisition of oil and natural gas properties, which may result in unexpected liabilities and costs to us.
Generally, it is not feasible for us to review in detail every individual property involved in an acquisition. Our business strategy focuses on acquisitions of producing oil and natural gas properties. Any future acquisitions will require an assessment of recoverable reserves, title, future oil and natural gas prices, operating costs, potential environmental hazards, potential tax and ERISA liabilities, and other liabilities and other similar factors. Ordinarily, our review efforts are focused on the higher-valued properties. For example, in both the North Coast and ONEOK Energy acquisitions we did not review title or production data, or physically inspect, every well we acquired. Even a detailed review of properties and records may not reveal existing or potential problems, nor will it permit us to become sufficiently familiar with the properties to assess fully their deficiencies and capabilities. We do not inspect every well that we acquire. Potential problems, such as deficiencies in the mechanical integrity of equipment or environmental conditions that may require significant remedial expenditures, are not necessarily observable even when we inspect a well. Any unidentified problems could result in material liabilities and costs that negatively impact our financial condition and results of operations.
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Even if we are able to identify problems with an acquisition, the seller may be unwilling or unable to provide effective contractual protection or indemnity against all or part of these problems. Even if a seller agrees to provide indemnity, the indemnity may not be fully enforceable and may be limited by floors and caps on such indemnity. The indemnifications we received in the North Coast and ONEOK Energy acquisitions are subject to floors and caps and do not cover all these types of risks. In addition, the entity from which we acquired North Coast is a foreign entity. As a result, we may face difficulties or incur additional expenses in enforcing a judgment obtained in a U.S. court against such entity for any breach of its obligations to provide indemnity to us.
We may be unable to obtain additional financing to implement our growth strategy.
The growth of our business will require substantial capital on a continuing basis. Because of our issuance of the senior notes and the pledge of substantially all of our assets as collateral under our credit facility, it may be difficult for us in the foreseeable future to obtain debt financing on an unsecured basis or to obtain additional secured financing other than purchase money indebtedness. If we are unable to obtain additional capital on satisfactory terms and conditions, we may lose opportunities to acquire oil and natural gas properties and businesses and, therefore, unable to implement our growth strategy.
We may not be successful in managing our growth, which could adversely affect our operations and net revenues.
The pursuit of additional acquisitions is a key part of our strategy. We face challenges in growing our managerial, financial, accounting, technical, operational and administrative resources to keep up with the pace of the growth of our business and our significant corporate transactions such as the Equity Buyout and this offering. For example, our rapid growth and significant transactions over the past two years have strained, and could continue to strain, our financial, tax and accounting staff. The North Coast and ONEOK Energy acquisitions substantially increased the size and scope of our business from an operational, personnel, financial reporting and accounting perspective. Our growth could disrupt our ongoing business, distract management, divert resources and make it difficult to maintain our current business standards as well as internal controls and procedures. Failure to manage our growth successfully could adversely affect our operations and net revenues through increased operating costs and revenues that do not meet our expectations, as well as adversely affect our ability to satisfy our disclosure and other obligations. We may also be unable to successfully integrate acquired oil and natural gas properties into our operations or achieve desired profitability.
If we are unable to successfully address the material weakness in our internal controls, or any other control deficiencies, our ability to report our financial results on a timely and accurate basis and to comply with disclosure and other requirements may be adversely affected.
We are not currently required to comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and are therefore not required to make an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting for that purpose. However, in connection with the 2004 audit of the financial statements of EXCO Resources and EXCO Holdings, we identified a material weakness in our processes, procedures and controls related to the preparation of our quarterly and annual tax provisions. A material weakness is defined as a significant deficiency, or a combination of significant deficiencies, that results in more than a remote likelihood that a
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material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected. Our independent registered public accounting firm informed members of our senior management and the audit committee of our board of directors that our processes, procedures and controls related to the preparation and review of quarterly and annual tax provisions were not adequate to ensure that the deferred tax provision and the classification of deferred tax balances were prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. This control deficiency resulted in year end audit adjustments to the tax provision and deferred tax balance. The errors resulted in an increase in the deferred tax liability accounts, an increase in the federal income tax provision and a decrease in the deferred state income tax provision, although they did not affect the reported results of operations or disclosures in any prior interim or annual period. The control deficiency, however, could have resulted in a misstatement in the aforementioned tax accounts that would result in a material misstatement to the annual or interim financial statements that would not be prevented or detected. Accordingly, management concluded that this deficiency in internal control over financial reporting was a material weakness.
In 2005 and through the date of this prospectus, we have implemented additional controls including more stringent reviews of the quarterly tax provision, hired additional finance and accounting personnel and expanded the scope of work of the outside consulting firm that we use to review our quarterly tax provision. However, in a recent evaluation carried out under the supervision and with the participation of our senior management, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, who is also our Chief Accounting Officer, concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures continued to be ineffective as of September 30, 2005 as a result of the material weakness identified as of December 31, 2004.
In connection with the preparation of our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the third quarter ended September 30, 2005, we reconsidered our position with respect to technical correction notices from the IRS related to the tax provision made on an extraordinary dividend received from our former wholly-owned Canadian subsidiary. Accordingly, we restated our financial statements for the quarter ended June 30, 2005 and September 30, 2005, to reflect the tax benefit in the earlier quarter and to classify the benefit as a component of continuing rather than discontinued operations in the September 30, 2005 quarter. We also reclassified a Canadian tax benefit resulting from a tax rate change in the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2004 and the nine months ended September 30, 2004 from discontinued to continuing operations. In view of these restatements, we continue to evaluate the effectiveness of our processes, procedures and controls, with continued emphasis on accounting for income taxes.
In connection with their audit as of December 31, 2004, our independent registered public accounting firm made recommendations to our management concerning adding additional accounting staff and implementing an internal audit function. Deficiencies in these areas may have contributed to accounting adjustments made in our financial statements and could, in the future, contribute to accounting adjustments. Accordingly, we have hired a new controller, added other finance and accounting personnel and are finalizing the implementation of an internal audit function to be conducted, under our supervision, by an outside consulting firm.
We will continue to monitor the effectiveness of these and other processes, procedures and controls and will make any further changes management determines appropriate, including to effect compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 when we are required to
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make an assessment of internal controls under Section 404 for fiscal 2006. The steps we have taken and will take in the future may not remediate the material weakness. In addition, we may identify additional material weaknesses or other deficiencies in our internal controls in the future.
Any material weaknesses or other deficiencies in our control systems may affect our ability to comply with, Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, reporting requirements and NYSE listing standards or cause our financial statements to contain material misstatements, which could negatively affect the market price and trading liquidity of our common stock, cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, as well as subject us to civil or criminal investigations and penalties.
There are inherent limitations in all control systems, and misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.
While EXCO Resources, as a voluntary filer with the Securities and Exchange Commission, has taken actions designed to address compliance with the internal control, disclosure control and other requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC implementing these requirements, there are inherent limitations in its ability to control all circumstances. Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our internal controls and disclosure controls will prevent all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. In addition, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and the benefit of controls must be relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, in our company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple errors or mistakes. Further, controls can be circumvented by individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more persons, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, a control may be inadequate because of changes in conditions, such as growth of the company or increased transaction volume, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.
We may encounter obstacles to marketing our oil and natural gas, which could adversely impact our revenues.
Our ability to market our oil and natural gas production will depend upon the availability and capacity of natural gas gathering systems, pipelines and other transportation facilities. We are primarily dependent upon third parties to transport our products. Transportation space on the gathering systems and pipelines we utilize is occasionally limited or unavailable due to repairs or improvements to facilities or due to space being utilized by other companies that have priority transportation agreements. We have experienced production curtailments in the Appalachian Basin during 2004 and 2005 resulting from capacity restraints and short term shutdowns of certain pipelines for maintenance purposes. Our access to transportation options
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can also be affected by U.S. federal and state regulation of oil and natural gas production and transportation, general economic conditions and changes in supply and demand. These factors and the availability of markets are beyond our control. If market factors dramatically change, the impact on our revenues could be substantial and could adversely affect our ability to produce and market oil and natural gas, the value of our common stock and our ability to pay dividends on our company stock.
There are risks associated with our drilling activity that could impact the results of our operations.
Our drilling involves numerous risks, including the risk that we will not encounter commercially productive oil or natural gas reservoirs. We must incur significant expenditures to identify and acquire properties and to drill and complete wells. Additionally, seismic technology does not allow us to know conclusively prior to drilling a well that oil or natural gas is present or economically producible. The costs of drilling and completing wells are often uncertain, and drilling operations may be curtailed, delayed or canceled as a result of a variety of factors, including unexpected drilling conditions, pressure or irregularities in formations, equipment failures or accidents, weather conditions and shortages or delays in the delivery of equipment. We have experienced some delays in contracting for drilling rigs and increasing costs to drill wells. All of these risks could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.
We may not correctly evaluate reserve data or the exploitation potential of properties as we engage in our acquisition, development, and exploitation activities.
Our future success will depend on the success of our acquisition, development, and exploitation activities. Our decisions to purchase, develop or otherwise exploit properties or prospects will depend in part on the evaluation of data obtained from production reports and engineering studies, geophysical and geological analyses and seismic and other information, the results of which are often inconclusive and subject to various interpretations. Our estimates regarding the increase in our reserves and production resulting from the ONEOK Energy acquisition may prove to be incorrect, which could significantly reduce our ability to generate cash needed to service our debt and fund our capital program and other working capital requirements.
We cannot control the development of the properties we own but do not operate, which may adversely affect our production, revenues and results of operations.
As of September 30, 2005, on a pro forma basis, third parties operate wells that represent approximately 12% of our Proved Reserves. As a result, the success and timing of our drilling and development activities on those properties depend upon a number of factors outside of our control, including:
If drilling and development activities are not conducted on these properties or are not conducted on a timely basis, we may be unable to increase our production or offset normal
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production declines, which may adversely affect our production, revenues and results of operations.
Our estimates of oil, natural gas and NGL reserves involve inherent uncertainty, which could materially affect the quantity and value of our reported reserves and our financial condition.
Numerous uncertainties are inherent in estimating quantities of proved oil, natural gas and NGL reserves, including many factors beyond our control. This prospectus contains estimates of our proved oil, natural gas and NGL reserves and the PV-10 of our proved oil, natural gas and NGL reserves. These estimates are based upon reports of our own engineers and our independent petroleum engineers. These reports rely upon various assumptions, including assumptions required by the SEC as to constant oil, natural gas and NGL prices, drilling and operating expenses, capital expenditures, taxes and availability of funds. These estimates should not be construed as the current market value of our estimated Proved Reserves. The process of estimating oil, natural gas and NGL reserves is complex, requiring significant decisions and assumptions in the evaluation of available geological, engineering and economic data for each reservoir. As a result, the estimates are inherently imprecise evaluations of reserve quantities and future net revenue. Our actual future production, revenues, taxes, development expenditures, operating expenses and quantities of recoverable oil, natural gas and NGL reserves may vary substantially from those we have assumed in the estimates. Any significant variance in our assumptions could materially affect the quantity and value of reserves, the amount of PV-10 described in this prospectus, and our financial condition. In addition, our reserves or PV-10 may be revised downward or upward, based upon production history, results of future exploitation and development activities, prevailing oil and natural gas prices and other factors. A material decline in prices paid for our production can adversely impact the estimated volumes of our reserves. Similarly, a decline in market prices for oil or natural gas may adversely affect our PV-10. Any of these negative effects on our reserves or PV-10 may decrease the value of our common stock.
We are exposed to operating hazards and uninsured risks that could adversely impact our results of operations and cash flow.
Our operations are subject to the risks inherent in the oil and natural gas industry, including the risks of:
We have in the past experienced some of these events during our drilling operations. These events may result in substantial losses to us from:
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As is customary in our industry, we maintain insurance against some, but not all, of these risks. Our insurance may not be adequate to cover these losses or liabilities. Furthermore, insurance coverage may not continue to be available at commercially acceptable premium levels or at all. Due to cost considerations, from time to time we have declined to obtain coverage for certain drilling activities and have therefore been restricted from conducting these types of drilling activities during the period we were uninsured. We do not carry business interruption insurance. Losses and liabilities arising from uninsured or under-insured events could require us to make large unbudgeted cash expenditures that could adversely impact our results of operations and cash flow.
We may experience production curtailments, which could adversely impact our revenues.
Some of the producing wells that we own an interest in have, from time to time, experienced reduced or terminated production. These curtailments may result from mechanical failures, contract terms, pipeline and processing plant interruptions, market conditions and weather conditions. These curtailments may last from a few days to many months and can decrease our revenues, the value of our common stock, and our ability to pay dividends on our common stock.
Our business exposes us to liability and extensive regulation on environmental matters, which could result in substantial expenditures.
Our operations are subject to numerous U.S. federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment, including those governing the discharge of materials into the water and air, the generation, management and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes and the clean-up of contaminated sites. We could incur material costs, including clean-up costs, fines and civil and criminal sanctions and third-party claims for property damage and personal injury as a result of violations of, or liabilities under, environmental laws and regulations. Such laws and regulations not only expose us to liability for our own activities, but may also expose us to liability for the conduct of others or for actions by us that were in compliance with all applicable laws at the time those actions were taken. In addition, we could incur substantial expenditures complying with environmental laws and regulations, including future environmental laws and regulations which may be more stringent.
Our business substantially depends on Douglas H. Miller, our CEO.
We are substantially dependent upon the skills of Mr. Douglas H. Miller. Mr. Miller has extensive experience in acquiring, financing and restructuring oil and natural gas companies. We do not have an employment agreement with Mr. Miller or maintain key man insurance. The loss of the services of Mr. Miller could hinder our ability to successfully implement our business strategy.
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We may have write-downs of our asset values, which could negatively affect our results of operations and net worth.
Depending upon oil and natural gas prices in the future, we may be required to write-down the value of our oil and natural gas properties if the present value of the after-tax future cash flows from our oil and natural gas properties falls below the net book value of these properties. We have in the past experienced ceiling test writedowns with respect to our oil and natural gas properties. Future non-cash ceiling test write-downs would negatively affect our results of operations and net worth.
We also test goodwill for impairment annually or when circumstances indicate that an impairment may exist. If the book value of our reporting units, as defined, exceeds the fair value of those reporting units, an impairment charge will occur, which would negatively impact our net worth.
We may experience a financial loss if any of our significant customers fail to pay us for our oil or natural gas.
Our ability to collect the proceeds from the sale of oil and natural gas from our customers depends on the payment ability of our customer base, which includes several significant customers. If any one or more of our significant customers fails to pay us for any reason, we could experience a material loss. In addition, in recent years, a number of energy marketing and trading companies have discontinued their marketing and trading operations, which has significantly reduced the number of potential purchasers for our oil and natural gas production. This reduction in potential customers has reduced market liquidity and, in some cases, has made it difficult for us to identify creditworthy customers. We also sell a portion of our natural gas directly to end users. We may experience a material loss as a result of the failure of our customers to pay us for prior purchases of our oil or natural gas.
Competition in our industry is intense and we may be unable to compete in acquiring properties, contracting for drilling equipment and hiring experienced personnel.
The oil and natural gas industry is highly competitive. We encounter strong competition from other independent operators and from major oil companies in acquiring properties, contracting for drilling equipment and securing trained personnel. Many of these competitors have financial and technical resources and staffs substantially larger than ours. As a result, our competitors may be able to pay more for desirable leases, or to evaluate, bid for and purchase a greater number of properties or prospects than our financial or personnel resources will permit. The oil and natural gas industry has periodically experienced shortages of drilling rigs, equipment, pipe and personnel, which has delayed development drilling and other exploitation activities and has caused significant price increases. We are currently experiencing difficulties in obtaining drilling rigs and other services in certain areas as well as an increase in the cost for these services and related material and equipment. We are unable to predict how such shortages and price increases will affect our development and exploitation program. Competition has also been strong in hiring experienced personnel, particularly in the accounting and financial reporting, tax and land departments. In addition, competition is strong for attractive oil and natural gas producing properties, oil and natural gas companies, and undeveloped leases and drilling rights. We are often outbid by competitors in our attempts to acquire properties or companies. All of these challenges could make it more difficult to execute our growth strategy and increase our costs.
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We agreed to indemnify 1143928 Alberta Ltd. for any breaches of the representations and warranties we made in the Addison purchase agreement.
We may become liable for losses that 1143928 Alberta Ltd. incurs as a result of our breach of any of the representations and warranties we made in the Addison purchase agreement. We may not have sufficient cash available to implement our growth strategy if we are required to indemnify 1143928 Alberta Ltd. pursuant to the terms of the Addison purchase agreement.
Risks relating to our indebtedness
We have a substantial amount of indebtedness, which may adversely affect our cash flow and our ability to operate our business, remain in compliance with debt covenants and make payments on our debt.
As of September 30, 2005, on a pro forma basis and assuming completion of this offering, we would have had approximately $637.8 of indebtedness, which represents a 40% pro forma debt to total pro forma capitalization ratio, and $169.8 million of which indebtedness would be subject to variable interest rates. Our total pro forma interest expense on an annual basis would be $41.3 million and would change by approximately $1.7 million for every 1% change in interest rates.
Our level of debt could have important consequences, including the following:
Our ability to meet our expenses and debt obligations will depend on our future performance, which will be affected by financial, business, economic, regulatory and other factors. We will be unable to control many of these factors, such as economic conditions and governmental regulation. We cannot be certain that our earnings will be sufficient to allow us to pay the
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principal and interest on our debt and meet our other obligations. If we do not have enough money to service our debt, we may be required but unable to refinance all or part of our existing debt, sell assets, borrow more money or raise equity on terms acceptable to us, if at all. Further, failing to comply with the financial and other restrictive covenants in our credit agreement and the indenture governing our senior notes could result in an event of default, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We may incur substantially more debt, which may intensify the risks described above, including our ability to service our indebtedness.
Together with our subsidiaries, we may incur substantially more debt in the future in connection with our acquisition, development, exploitation and exploration of oil and natural gas producing properties. The restrictions in our debt agreements on our incurrence of additional indebtedness are subject to a number of qualifications and exceptions, and under certain circumstances, indebtedness incurred in compliance with these restrictions could be substantial. Also, these restrictions do not prevent us from incurring obligations that do not constitute indebtedness. To the extent new indebtedness is added to our current indebtedness levels, the risks described above could substantially increase.
To service our indebtedness, we will require a significant amount of cash. Our ability to generate cash depends on many factors beyond our control, and any failure to meet our debt obligations could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our ability to make payments on and to refinance our indebtedness, including our senior notes and loans under our credit agreement, and to fund planned capital expenditures will depend on our ability to generate cash from operations in the future. This, to a certain extent, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control, including the prices that we receive for oil and natural gas.
Our business may not generate sufficient cash flow from operations and future borrowings may not be available to us in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay our indebtedness, including our senior notes and loans under our credit agreement, or to fund our other liquidity needs. If our cash flow and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt obligations, we may be forced to sell assets, seek additional equity or debt capital or restructure our debt. None of these remedies may, if necessary, be effected on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. In addition, any failure to make scheduled payments of interest and principal on our outstanding indebtedness would likely result in a reduction of our credit rating, which could harm our ability to incur additional indebtedness on acceptable terms. Our cash flow and capital resources may be insufficient for payment of interest on and principal of our debt in the future, which could cause us to default on our obligations and could impair our liquidity.
Restrictive debt covenants could limit our growth and our ability to finance our operations, fund our capital needs, respond to changing conditions and engage in other business activities that may be in our best interests.
Our credit facility and the indenture governing our senior notes contain a number of significant covenants that, among other things, restrict our ability to:
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Also, our credit facility requires us to maintain compliance with specified financial ratios and satisfy certain financial condition tests. Our ability to comply with these ratios and financial condition tests may be affected by events beyond our control, and, as a result, we may be unable to meet these ratios and financial condition tests. These financial ratio restrictions and financial condition tests could limit our ability to obtain future financings, make needed capital expenditures, withstand a future downturn in our business or the economy in general or otherwise conduct necessary corporate activities. We may also be prevented from taking advantage of business opportunities that arise because of the limitations imposed on us by the restrictive covenants under our credit facility and the indenture governing our senior notes.
A breach of any of these covenants or our inability to comply with the required financial ratios or financial condition tests could result in a default under our credit facility and our senior notes. A default, if not cured or waived, could result in acceleration of all indebtedness outstanding under our credit facility and our senior notes. The accelerated debt would become immediately due and payable. If that should occur, we may be unable to pay all such debt or to borrow sufficient funds to refinance it. Even if new financing were then available, it may not be on terms that are acceptable to us.
Risks relating to our common stock and this offering
There currently is no public market for our common stock and our stock price may fluctuate significantly.
There currently is no public market for our common stock. An active trading market may not develop or be sustained after this offering. The initial public offering price will be determined through negotiation between us and representatives of the underwriters and may not be indicative of the market price for our common stock after this offering. The market price of our common stock could fluctuate significantly as a result of:
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Many of these factors are beyond our control and we cannot predict their potential effects on the price of our common stock. If the market price of our common stock declines significantly, you may be unable to resell your shares of common stock at or above the public offering price. In addition, the stock markets in general can experience considerable price and volume fluctuations.
Future sales of our common stock may cause our stock price to decline.
Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market after this offering, or the perception that these sales may occur, could cause the market price of our common stock to decline. See "Shares eligible for future sale." In addition, the sale of these shares could impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional common or preferred stock.
After this offering, we will have shares of common stock outstanding. Of these shares, all shares sold in this offering, other than shares, if any, held by our affiliates, will be freely tradable.
Many of our stockholders, including our executive officers and directors, are subject to agreements that limit their ability to sell our common stock held by them. These holders cannot sell or otherwise dispose of any shares of our common stock, subject to limited exceptions, for a period of at least 180 days after the date of this prospectus without the prior written approval of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., which could, in its sole discretion, elect to permit resale of shares by these holders, including their affiliates, prior to the lapse of the 180 day period.
On October 3, 2005, we entered into a registration rights agreement with all of the holders of our common stock, which agreement was amended by the First Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement. A total of 50,000,000 shares of common stock is covered by this agreement. Any holder who is a party to this agreement has the right, commencing 180 days after completion of this offering, to require us to register for resale up to one-third of its shares of common stock. All other parties to the registration rights agreement would then have the right to require us to register for resale up to one-third of their shares of common stock on the same registration statement. The same rights would exist commencing 365 days and 540 days after completion of this offering for an additional one-third of their shares at each such anniversary. Following this offering, these time and volume restrictions on resale registrations may be waived by J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. based on its evaluation of market and other conditions. In addition, at any time that we file a registration statement registering other shares, the holders of shares subject to the registration rights agreement can require that we include their shares in such registration statement, subject to certain exceptions. For more information on the terms of the registration rights agreement, see "Related party transactionsEquity BuyoutThe registration rights agreement." The filing of any resale registration statement and the sale of shares thereunder may have a material adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.
Purchasers in this offering will experience immediate dilution and will experience further dilution with the future exercise of stock options.
If you purchase common stock in this offering, you will pay more for your shares than the amount paid by shareholders who purchased their shares from us prior to this offering. You will experience immediate and substantial dilution of $ per share, representing the difference between our net tangible book value per share as of September 30, 2005 after
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giving effect to this offering and an initial public offering price of $ . Additionally, you will experience further dilution as holders of certain of our stock options exercise those options pursuant to our 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan. We have reserved a total of 10,000,000 shares of common stock for issuance under this plan. On December 31, 2005, we had options to purchase 4,979,575 shares outstanding, of which 1,245,738 currently are exercisable. See "Dilution" for additional information.
All of the proceeds from this offering will be used to repay indebtedness and therefore none of the proceeds will be available to expand or invest in our business.
We intend to use all of the proceeds from this offering to repay indebtedness incurred in connection with the Equity Buyout and the ONEOK Energy acquisition. None of the proceeds from this offering will be available for future acquisitions, capital expenditures, or working capital. Accordingly, funding for new business growth and other capital needs will require other sources of funding, which may not be available.
The equity trading markets may be volatile, which could result in losses for our shareholders.
The equity trading markets may experience periods of volatility, which could result in highly variable and unpredictable pricing of equity securities. The market price of our common stock could change in ways that may or may not be related to our business, our industry or our operating performance and financial condition.
Our articles of incorporation permit us to issue preferred stock that may restrict a takeover attempt that you may favor.
Our articles of incorporation permit our board to issue up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock and to establish, by resolution, one or more series of preferred stock and the powers, designations, preferences and participating, optional or other special rights of each series of preferred stock. The preferred stock may be issued on terms that are unfavorable to the holders of our common stock, including the grant of superior voting rights, the grant of preferences in favor of preferred shareholders in the payment of dividends and upon our liquidation and the designation of conversion rights that entitle holders of our preferred stock to convert their shares into our common stock on terms that are dilutive to holders of our common stock. The issuance of preferred stock in future offerings may make a takeover or change in control of us more difficult.
We have not paid dividends in the past and do not expect to pay dividends in the future, and any return on investment may be limited to the value of our stock.
We have never paid cash dividends on our common stock and do not anticipate paying cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. The payment of dividends will depend on our earnings, capital requirements, financial condition, prospects and other factors our board of directors may deem relevant. If we do not pay dividends, our stock may be less valuable because a return on your investment will only occur if our stock price appreciates. In addition, our credit agreement and indenture governing our senior notes restrict the payment of dividends.
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Information regarding forward-looking statements
This prospectus contains forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements relate to, among other things, the following:
We have based these forward-looking statements on our current assumptions, expectations and projections about future events.
We use the words "may," "expect," "anticipate," "estimate," "believe," "target," "continue," "intend," "plan," "budget" and other similar words to identify forward-looking statements. You should read statements that contain these words carefully because they discuss future expectations, contain projections of results of operations or of our financial condition and/or state other "forward-looking" information. We do not undertake any obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, except as required by law. These statements also involve risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results or financial condition to materially differ from our expectations in this prospectus, including, but not limited to:
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We believe that it is important to communicate our expectations of future performance to our investors. However, events may occur in the future that we are unable to accurately predict, or over which we have no control. When considering our forward-looking statements, you should keep in mind the risk factors and other cautionary statements in this prospectus. The risk factors noted in this prospectus and other factors noted throughout this prospectus provide examples of risks, uncertainties and events that may cause our actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement. Please read the section entitled "Risk factors" for a discussion of certain risks of our business and an investment in our common stock.
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We estimate that the net proceeds from the sale of the shares of our common stock that we are selling in this offering will be approximately $ million, based on an initial public offering price of $ per share, the mid-point of the range on the front cover of this prospectus, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses. If the underwriters' over-allotment option is exercised in full, we estimate that we will receive net proceeds of approximately $ million.
We intend to use these proceeds, together with cash and additional borrowings under our credit agreement, as follows (assuming a closing date for this offering of January 31, 2006):
Set forth below is a table indicating the expected sources and uses of funds in connection with this initial public offering (assuming a closing date of January 31, 2006 and gross proceeds of $650.0 million for this offering):
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Borrowings under the interim bank loan bear interest at a rate of 10% and mature on July 3, 2006. Borrowings under the interim bank loan were incurred by Holdings II to finance a portion of the purchase price for all the outstanding stock of EXCO Holdings in the Equity Buyout. See "Significant transactions2005 Equity Buyout." The interim bank loan is secured by a pledge of all outstanding common stock of EXCO Resources issued to EXCO Holdings. For additional information regarding the interim bank loan, see "Interim financing arrangementsEXCO Holdings interim bank loan."
Borrowings under the TXOK credit facility bear interest at a fluctuating rate of interest (the applicable interest rate was 7.125% as of December 31, 2005) and mature on September 27, 2009. Borrowings under the TXOK credit facility were incurred by TXOK to finance a portion of the purchase price for the ONEOK Energy acquisition and to provide working capital to TXOK. See "Significant transactionsONEOK Energy acquisition." The TXOK credit facility is secured by a first priority lien and security interest in TXOK's oil and natural gas properties as well as the capital stock of its subsidiaries. For additional information regarding the TXOK credit facility, see "Interim financing arrangementsTXOK credit facility."
Borrowings under the TXOK term loan bear interest at a rate of interest which is either the prime rate plus 3.5% or the London InterBank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, plus 4.5% (the applicable interest rate was 8.875% as of December 31, 2005) and mature on September 27, 2010. Borrowings under the TXOK term loan were incurred by TXOK to finance a portion of the purchase price for the ONEOK Energy acquisition. See "Significant transactionsONEOK Energy acquisition." The TXOK term loan is secured by a perfected second lien on all assets securing the TXOK credit facility. For additional information regarding the TXOK term loan, see "Interim financing arrangementsTXOK term loan."
The redemption price for the TXOK preferred stock will be (i) cash in the amount of $150.0 million plus accrued and unpaid dividends at an annualized rate of 15% and (ii) that number of shares of common stock of EXCO Resources, cash, or any combination thereof, at the election of the holder of the TXOK preferred stock, necessary to produce an overall 23% annualized rate of return on the stated value of the TXOK preferred stock as of the date of redemption. For purposes of calculating the rate of return, the common stock of EXCO Resources will be valued at the lesser of $12.00 or the per share offering price to the public in this offering. For purposes of this discussion of the use of proceeds we have assumed that the redemption price is paid entirely in cash. The holder of the TXOK preferred stock is BP EXCO Holdings LP, an entity controlled by Mr. Boone Pickens, one of our directors. For additional information regarding the TXOK preferred stock, see "Interim financing arrangementsTXOK preferred stock" and "Related party transactionsONEOK Energy acquisition."
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We currently intend to retain all available funds and any future earnings to finance the growth of our business, including development and acquisition activities. As a result, we do not anticipate paying cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. In addition, our credit agreement and the indenture governing our senior notes each contain a restriction on the payment of dividends to holders of our common stock. Accordingly, if our dividend policy were to change in the future, our ability to pay dividends would be subject to these restrictions as well as our results of operations, financial condition, contractual obligations, capital requirements, business prospects and other factors deemed relevant by our board of directors.
Even if our credit agreement and indenture permitted us to pay cash dividends, under Section 2.38 of the Texas Business Corporation Act we can make those payments only from our surplus (the excess of the fair value of our total assets over the sum of our liabilities plus our total paid-in share capital). In addition, we can pay cash dividends only if after paying those dividends we would be able to pay our liabilities as they become due.
33
The following table presents our capitalization at September 30, 2005:
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the Equity Buyout as described above; |
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the net proceeds of this offering from the sale of shares of our common stock at an assumed public offering price of $ per share, the midpoint of the range on the front cover of this prospectus, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses and an increase in borrowings under our credit agreement of $ million; |
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the use of the net proceeds of this offering, together with available cash and the additional borrowings under our credit agreement, to fund the following: |
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TXOK: |
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the redemption of the $150.0 million of TXOK preferred stock plus accumulated dividends and redemption premium; |
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the repayment of $308.8 million in principal under the TXOK credit facility; and |
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the repayment of $200.0 million in principal under the TXOK term loan plus accrued interest. |
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Other use of proceeds: |
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the repayment of the $350.0 million in principal under the interim bank loan plus accrued interest. |
This table should be read in conjunction with our historical consolidated financial statements and related notes, our unaudited pro forma consolidated balance sheet and related notes, "Use
34
of proceeds," "Management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations" and other financial information included elsewhere in this prospectus.
The table above excludes (i) the shares of common stock subject to the underwriters' over-allotment option; (ii) 4,979,575 shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding options at a weighted average exercise price of $7.50 per share; and (iii) and up to shares of common stock issuable upon redemption of the TXOK preferred stock issued to a related party in connection with the ONEOK Energy acquisition.
35
If you invest in our common stock, your investment will be diluted immediately to the extent of the difference between the initial public offering price of our common stock and the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock after this offering. Our historical net tangible book value as of September 30, 2005 was $ million, or $ per share of common stock. Our historical net tangible book value per share represents our total tangible assets less total liabilities, divided by the number of shares of our common stock outstanding on September 30, 2005. After giving effect to the Equity Buyout, the merger of Holdings II with and into EXCO Holdings, the merger of EXCO Holdings into us, and the sale of shares of common stock offered by this prospectus at an assumed initial public offering price of $ per share, the mid-point of the range on the front cover of this prospectus, and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and our estimated offering expenses, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of September 30, 2005 would have been approximately $ million. This amount represents an immediate increase in pro forma net tangible book value of $ per share to our existing stockholders, and an immediate dilution of $ per share to new investors purchasing shares of our common stock in this offering. The following table illustrates this dilution:
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Initial public offering price per share | $ | |||||
Historical net tangible book value per share as of September 30, 2005 | ||||||
Pro forma increase in net tangible book value per share attributable to the Equity Buyout and the merger of Holdings II into EXCO Holdings | ||||||
Pro forma net tangible book value per share at September 30, 2005 | ||||||
Pro forma increase in net tangible book value per share attributable to new investors | ||||||
Pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share after the offering |
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$ |
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Dilution per share to new investors |
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$ |
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The following table sets forth, on a pro forma as adjusted basis, as of September 30, 2005, the differences between the number of shares of common stock purchased from us, the total consideration paid, and the average price per share paid by existing stockholders and new investors purchasing shares of our common stock in this offering, before deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated expenses at an assumed initial public offering price of $ per share, the mid-point of the range on the front cover of this prospectus.
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Shares purchased
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Total consideration
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Average
price per share |
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Number
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Percent
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Amount
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Percent
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Existing stockholders | 50,000,000 | % | $ | 350,033,358 | % | $ | 7.00 | ||||||
New investors | |||||||||||||
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Total | 100 | % | $ | 100 | % | ||||||||
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If the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full, the percentage of shares of common stock held by existing stockholders will decrease to approximately % of the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding after this offering, and the number of shares held by new investors will be increased to , or approximately % of the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding after this offering.
The tables above exclude:
The exercise of options, all of which have an exercise price less than the assumed initial public offering price, would increase the dilution to new investors an additional $ per share, to $ per share.
37
The following table presents our selected historical and pro forma financial data.
For historical financial data:
For pro forma financial information:
Immediately prior to this offering, EXCO Holdings will merge with and into EXCO Resources, with EXCO Resources as the surviving entity and the successor for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, we have included in this prospectus the financial statements of EXCO Resources (formerly Holdings II for financial reporting purposes) as of September 30, 2005 and for the period August 12, 2005 (date of inception of Holdings II) to September 30, 2005.
Recent accounting transactions
On October 3, 2005, EXCO Holdings recorded a $44.1 million non-cash stock based compensation expense and a $28.7 million stock based and other compensation expense as a result of the Equity Buyout. Except for the $10.8 million cash compensation payments made in conjunction with the Equity Buyout, these charges are excluded from the pro forma consolidated statements of operations as they are nonrecurring charges related to the Equity Buyout. Further, we have adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, or SFAS, No. 123(R), "Share Based Payments," which will result in an additional non-cash stock based compensation expense of $ million in the fourth quarter related to the October 2005 grant of options under our 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan. See "Management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operationStock based and other compensation expense" and "Management2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan."
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At December 31,
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At September 30, 2005
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(in thousands)
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2000
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2001
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2002
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2003(1)
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2004
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Actual
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Pro forma
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unaudited
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Balance Sheet Data:(3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Current assets | $ | 20,262 | $ | 21,121 | $ | 26,198 | $ | 31,641 | $ | 75,877 | $ | 324,657 | $ | 159,653 | ||||||||
Total assets | 102,372 | 191,056 | 241,174 | 505,056 | 922,052 | 910,519 | 1,997,897 | |||||||||||||||
Current liabilities | 8,655 | 13,322 | 33,193 | 45,188 | 105,695 | 135,303 | 175,499 | |||||||||||||||
Long-term debt, less current maturities | 42,488 | 44,994 | 97,943 | 99,470 | 487,453 | 452,644 | 637,825 | |||||||||||||||
Shareholder's equity | 49,791 | 120,379 | 99,884 | 183,895 | 203,885 | 230,883 | 954,893 | |||||||||||||||
Total liabilities and shareholder's equity | 102,372 | 191,056 | 241,174 | 505,056 | 922,052 | 910,519 | 1,997,897 | |||||||||||||||
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41
ONEOK Energy acquisition
General
On September 16, 2005, Holdings II formed TXOK for the purpose of acquiring ONEOK Energy. Prior to the ONEOK Energy acquisition, we owned one share of common stock of TXOK and BP EXCO Holdings LP, an entity controlled by Mr. Boone Pickens, one of our directors, held all of the outstanding shares of TXOK preferred stock. On September 27, 2005, TXOK completed the ONEOK Energy acquisition for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $642.9 million, or $634.8 million after contractual adjustments. Effective upon closing, ONEOK Energy Resources Company and ONEOK Energy Resources Holdings, L.L.C. became wholly-owned subsidiaries of TXOK. We purchased an additional $20.0 million of common stock of TXOK on October 7, 2005, which investment represents a 12% equity interest and a 10% voting interest in TXOK. The TXOK preferred stock held by BP EXCO Holdings LP represents the remaining 88% equity interest and 90% voting interest of TXOK. Upon redemption of the TXOK preferred stock immediately after the completion of this offering, TXOK will become our wholly-owned subsidiary. For a discussion of the redemption terms see "Interim financing arrangementsTXOK preferred stockRedemption."
The properties acquired in the ONEOK Energy acquisition include 1,041 gross (445.1 net) producing oil and natural gas wells in Texas and Oklahoma. ONEOK Energy has Proved Reserves, estimated as of July 31, 2005, of approximately 223.3 Bcfe of oil and natural gas, and 151 miles of natural gas gathering lines. The acquired properties produced an average of 905 Bbls of oil per day and 47.7 Mmcf of natural gas per day during September 2005.
TXOK funded the ONEOK Energy acquisition with (i) $20.0 million in private debt financing, $15.0 million of which was provided by Mr. Boone Pickens, one of our directors; (ii) the issuance of $150.0 million of TXOK preferred stock to BP EXCO Holdings LP, an entity controlled by Mr. Pickens; (iii) the TXOK credit facility, with an initial borrowing base of $325.0 million, of which approximately $308.8 million was drawn at the closing of the ONEOK Energy acquisition; and (iv) the TXOK second lien term loan facility of $200.0 million. We funded the repayment of the $20.0 million in private debt financing with our purchase of additional shares of Class B common stock of TXOK on October 7, 2005. Neither EXCO Holdings nor EXCO Resources is an obligor or guarantor with respect to these financings; however, EXCO Holdings has pledged its stock in TXOK as collateral security for payment of the TXOK credit facility and the TXOK term loan. See "Interim financing arrangements" for a description of the credit facilities and the TXOK preferred stock.
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Commodity price risk management contracts related to the ONEOK Energy acquisition
As a result of the ONEOK Energy acquisition and in accordance with the terms of the TXOK credit facility, TXOK entered into additional commodity price risk management contracts for the next five years.
As of September 30, 2005, TXOK had contracts in place for the volumes and prices shown in the tables below:
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Floors
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Ceilings
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(in thousands, except
average contract prices) |
Gas volume
Mmbtus |
Weighted average contract price per Mmbtu
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Oil volume
Bbls |
Weighted average contract price per Bbl
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Gas volume
Mmbtus |
Weighted average contract price per Mmbtu
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Oil volume
Bbls |
Weighted average contract price per Bbl
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2006 | 5,475 | $ | 6.15 | 108 | $ | 50.35 | 5,475 | $ | 10.00 | 108 | $ | 60.00 | ||||||||
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2005 Equity Buyout
On October 3, 2005, Holdings II, an entity formed by our management, purchased 100% of the outstanding equity securities of EXCO Holdings for an aggregate price of approximately $699.3 million, resulting in a change of control and a new basis of accounting. To fund this purchase, Holdings II raised $350.0 million in interim debt financing, including $0.7 million for working capital, from a group of lenders and $183.1 million of equity financing from new institutional and other investors as well as stockholders of EXCO Holdings. In addition, current management and other stockholders of EXCO Holdings exchanged $166.9 million of their EXCO Holdings common stock for Holdings II common stock. EXCO Holdings' majority stockholder sold all of its EXCO Holdings common stock for cash. Promptly following the completion of the Equity Buyout, Holdings II merged with and into EXCO Holdings. As a result of the merger, each outstanding share of Holdings II common stock was cancelled and exchanged for one share of EXCO Holdings common stock and all shares of EXCO Holdings common stock held by Holdings II were cancelled. See "Related party transactionsEquity Buyout" for a discussion of the agreements we entered into in connection with the Equity Buyout.
Following completion of the Equity Buyout, Stephen F. Smith became our Vice Chairman, President and Secretary and Harold L. Hickey became our Vice President and Chief Operating Officer. See "Management."
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Merger of EXCO Holdings into EXCO Resources
Immediately prior to the consummation of this offering, EXCO Holdings will merge with and into us. As a result, the stockholders of EXCO Holdings will become our shareholders and, after redemption of the TXOK preferred stock, TXOK will become our wholly-owned subsidiary.
Transactions in 2004 and 2005 (other than ONEOK Energy)
North Coast
North Coast acquisition. On January 27, 2004, we acquired North Coast for a purchase price of $225.1 million, including the assumption of $57.1 million of North Coast's outstanding indebtedness. As a result, North Coast became one of our wholly-owned subsidiaries and continues to be an energy company focused on the acquisition, exploitation, development and production of natural gas reserves in the Appalachian Basin. The North Coast acquisition established a new core operating area for us in the Appalachian Basin, which positioned us to benefit from the attractive qualities of the basin and to capitalize on consolidation opportunities in the area. Since the time we acquired North Coast through September 30, 2005, North Coast has completed acquisitions for an aggregate net purchase price of $129.2 million, which added 78.4 Bcfe of Proved Reserves, estimated as of the effective date of acquisition.
Addison
Sale of Addison. On February 10, 2005, we sold Addison, our former wholly-owned subsidiary through which all of our Canadian operations were conducted, for an aggregate purchase price of Cdn. $551.3 million ($443.3 million). Of this amount, Cdn. $90.1 million ($72.1 million) was used to repay in full all outstanding balances under Addison's credit facility, while Cdn. $56.2 million ($45.2 million) was withheld and was remitted to the Canadian government for estimated income taxes resulting from the sale of the stock.
Addison dividend. Prior to the sale of Addison, on February 9, 2005, Addison made an earnings and profits dividend (as calculated under U.S. tax law) to us in an amount of Cdn. $74.5 million ($59.6 million). The dividend was subject to Canadian tax withholding of Cdn. $3.7 million ($3.0 million). See "Note 2. Significant transactions since January 1, 2005" of the notes to the consolidated financial statements for additional information.
Other transactions
Acquisitions. During the year ended December 31, 2004, we completed six oil and natural gas property acquisitions in the United States, not including North Coast. Estimated total Proved Reserves net to our interest from these acquisitions included approximately 0.3 Mmbbls of oil and NGLs and 51.3 Bcf of natural gas, estimated as of the effective date of acquisition. The total purchase price for the acquisitions was approximately $88.4 million funded with borrowings under our credit agreement and from surplus cash.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2005, we completed seven oil and natural gas property acquisitions in the United States, not including the ONEOK Energy acquisition. Estimated total Proved Reserves net to our interest from these acquisitions included approximately 0.1 Mmbbls of oil and NGLs and 59.8 Bcf of natural gas, estimated as of the effective date of acquisition. The total purchase price for the acquisitions was approximately $102.3 million funded with borrowings under our credit agreement and from surplus cash.
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Dispositions. During the year ended December 31, 2004, we completed 21 sales of oil and natural gas properties in the United States. As of January 1, 2004, estimated total Proved Reserves, net to our interest from these properties included approximately 5.2 Mmbbls of oil and NGLs and 27.9 Bcf of natural gas. The total sales proceeds we received were approximately $51.9 million. During 2003, we recorded revenue of approximately $16.3 million and oil and natural gas production costs of $6.9 million on these properties. During the year ended December 31, 2004, we recorded revenue of approximately $12.1 million and oil and natural gas production costs of $4.6 million on these properties through the date of their respective dispositions.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2005, we completed seven sales of oil and natural gas properties in the United States. As of January 1, 2005, estimated total Proved Reserves net to our interest from these properties included approximately 0.3 Mmbbls of oil and NGLs and 18.4 Bcf of natural gas. The total sales proceeds we received were approximately $45.4 million. During 2004, we recorded revenue of approximately $6.2 million and oil and natural gas production costs of $0.9 million on these properties. During the nine months ended September 30, 2005, we recorded revenues of approximately $3.7 million and oil and natural gas production costs of $1.2 million on these properties through the date of their respective dispositions.
45
Unaudited pro forma financial data
The following unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2005 is based upon Holdings II's, EXCO Holdings' and TXOK's unaudited historical consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2005 and gives effect to the following events as if each had occurred on September 30, 2005:
The Equity Buyout On August 12, 2005 Holdings II was formed to acquire all of the outstanding equity of EXCO Holdings. Following the completion of the acquisition of EXCO Holdings on October 3, 2005, Holdings II was merged with and into EXCO Holdings. A portion of the purchase price was funded with borrowings under a $350.0 million interim bank loan. The acquisition by Holdings II of EXCO Holdings was accounted for as a purchase transaction in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141, "Business Combinations," or SFAS No. 141. The aggregate purchase price was allocated to the acquired assets and liabilities based upon their respective estimated fair market values at the date of the acquisition. For tax reporting purposes, we will receive carry over tax basis.
In connection with a change of control, we have 30 days under which we must offer our current senior note holders the option to put their securities to us at 101% of the aggregate principal amount plus accrued interest. We have made such an offer. The expiration date is December 9, 2005. We have assumed for pro forma preparation purposes that no senior note holders elect to put their senior notes to us.
This offering Immediately prior to the completion of this offering, EXCO Holdings will merge with and into EXCO Resources. This merger will be accounted for as a transaction between entities under common control and hence the historical basis of the combined assets and liabilities are maintained. For purposes of the pro forma financial statements, we have assumed that we will issue shares of our common stock at an aggregate offering price of $ million, that we will pay an underwriters' fee of % of the proceeds, and that we will pay $ million in expenses in connection with the offering. There are additional shares that can be issued at the discretion of the underwriters pursuant to an over-allotment option that have not been considered in the preparation of the pro forma financial statements. Additional shares may be issued in lieu of cash upon the redemption of the TXOK preferred stock. See note (n) to the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2005 for information concerning the possible issuance of these shares.
The repayment of the interim bank loan We will repay borrowings incurred in connection with the Equity Buyout under our interim bank loan of $350.0 million plus accrued interest.
The redemption of the TXOK preferred stock TXOK was formed by Holdings II and initially capitalized with a $1,000 investment. TXOK issued preferred voting stock to BP EXCO Holdings LP concurrent with TXOK's acquisition of ONEOK Energy. On October 7, 2005, we made a $20.0 million purchase of TXOK Class B common stock that represents a 12% equity interest in TXOK with the aforementioned preferred stock representing the remaining 88% equity interest. We intend to fund the redemption of the TXOK
46
preferred stock with available borrowings under our credit agreement upon consummation of this offering whereupon we will own all of the equity interest in TXOK. This redemption will be treated as a purchase transaction under SFAS No. 141. In connection with the redemption, we will also fund the repayment of the TXOK credit facility and the TXOK term loan plus accrued interest. The pro forma financial statements reflect the acquisition of ONEOK Energy by TXOK and the acquisition and consolidation of TXOK by us through the planned redemption of the TXOK preferred stock.
The unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2004 has been derived from EXCO Holdings' audited historical consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2004, the unaudited historical consolidated statement of operations of North Coast for the 26 day period ended January 26, 2004 prior to its acquisition on January 27, 2004, and the audited historical consolidated statement of operations for ONEOK Energy as predecessor to TXOK for the year ended December 31, 2004. The unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 has been derived from EXCO Holdings' unaudited historical consolidated statement of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, the unaudited historical consolidated statement of operations for ONEOK Energy as predecessor to TXOK for the 269 day period ended September 26, 2005, and the unaudited historical consolidated statement of operations for TXOK for the period from September 16, 2005 (date of inception) to September 30, 2005. The pro forma statements of operations give effect to the North Coast acquisition, the Equity Buyout, this offering, the ONEOK Energy acquisition where on September 27, 2005 TXOK purchased ONEOK Energy for $634.8 million after contractual adjustments, and the redemption of the TXOK preferred stock as if each occurred on January 1, 2004.
The pro forma financial statements are based on our preliminary determination of the values of the assets acquired or to be acquired and liabilities assumed or to be assumed in connection with the Equity Buyout and the redemption of the TXOK preferred stock. After we have finished our review of the valuation studies for the purchase price allocations for the Equity Buyout, we may make adjustments to our carrying values of acquired assets and liabilities assumed to reflect the final valuation information. In addition, the final allocations for the ONEOK Energy acquisition by TXOK are subject to working capital adjustments. Any adjustments will result in differences compared to those reflected in the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated balance sheet. There can be no assurance that such differences will not be material.
In addition, the purchase allocation of the values of the assets to be acquired and the liabilities to be assumed in connection with the redemption of the TXOK preferred stock as of the date of redemption will be completed after the redemption occurs. For purposes of these pro formas, we have assumed that the fair values of the TXOK properties do not change from their values determined at the time of the ONEOK Energy acquisition. It is likely that the final purchase allocation will result in differences compared to the estimates included in the accompanying condensed consolidated pro forma balance sheet.
The unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes to those financial statements. They should also be read in conjunction with EXCO Holdings' historical consolidated financial statements, the
47
historical consolidated financial statements of ONEOK Energy, and the historical consolidated financial statements of TXOK as well as "Management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations" for EXCO Holdings. The pro forma information presented herein does not purport to be indicative of the financial position or results of operations that would have actually occurred had the North Coast acquisition, the Equity Buyout, this offering, the ONEOK Energy acquisition or the redemption of the TXOK preferred stock occurred on the dates indicated. However, management believes that the assumptions provide a reasonable basis for presenting the significant effects of the North Coast acquisition, the Equity Buyout, this offering as contemplated, the ONEOK Energy acquisition and the redemption of TXOK preferred stock and that the pro forma adjustments give appropriate effect to those assumptions.
Non-recurring items excluded from the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statements of operations
During the fourth quarter of 2005, we will record the following stock based and other compensation expenses, none of which are reflected in the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statements of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 or for the year ended December 31, 2004:
For financial accounting purposes, the Class B shares were considered to be a "variable" plan since a holder of the shares had to be employed at the date of the change of control to receive fair value for the Class B shares. As a result, we did not recognize compensation expense prior to the consummation of the change of control event.
48
were reserved, but unissued, for the ESPP. All employees on the date of the Equity Buyout who were not direct owners of EXCO Holdings Class A or Class B common stock received payments under the ESPP. For financial accounting purposes, the ESPP was considered to be a "variable" plan since, to be eligible, a recipient had to be employed at the date of the change of control to receive a payment. As a result, we did not recognize compensation expense prior to the consummation of the change of control event.
49
EXCO Resources, Inc. unaudited pro forma
condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2005
50
Notes to EXCO Resources, Inc. unaudited
pro forma condensed consolidated balance sheet
as of September 30, 2005
(a) Represents the capital raised on October 3, 2005 to effect the Equity Buyout of $350.0 million from the interim bank loan, the issuance of Holdings II common stock for $183.1 million and the assumed payment of an estimated $9.0 million in deferred fees and expenses for the interim bank loan. An additional $0.5 million of deferred fees and expenses for the interim bank loan were incurred by Holdings II and are reflected in the unaudited historical consolidated balance sheet of Holdings II.
(b) Represents $28.6 million of cash payments made and recognized as expense by EXCO Holdings, in connection with the consummation of the Equity Buyout, to our employees who were holders of stock options ($17.8 million), participants in the EXCO Holdings Employee Stock Participation Plan ($8.2 million) and to our employees who were participants in the EXCO Holdings Employee Bonus Retention Plan ($2.6 million). Additional non-cash compensation expense related to the Equity Buyout as a result of the acquisition by Holdings II of all the shares of Class B common stock of EXCO Holdings held by members of our management and other employees of $44.1 million is not reflected as there is no net effect on stockholders' equity.
51
(c) Assumes the Equity Buyout had been consummated on September 30, 2005 for an acquisition cost of $906.0 million. The acquisition of EXCO Holdings will be accounted for as a purchase. The total estimated acquisition cost was calculated and allocated as follows:
52
The allocation of acquisition cost above has been estimated based on fair value information available as of September 30, 2005 and will be adjusted to reflect values at the acquisition date based upon the finished review of valuation studies. The historical carrying values of the assets and liabilities of EXCO Holdings were adjusted to reflect the allocation of acquisition cost as shown in the following table:
(d) Represents the elimination of intercompany amounts between Holdings II and EXCO.
(e) Represents the elimination of EXCO Holdings' historical stockholders' equity including the effect discussed in note (b) above.
(f) Assumes the issuance of shares of our common stock to the public at an aggregate offering price of $650.0 million with net proceeds of $614.5 million (after the estimated underwriters' fee of $32.5 million and expenses of $3.0 million).
(g) Represents the use of a portion of the net proceeds discussed in note (f) above to repay the interim bank loan of $350.0 million.
(h) Represents the reduction in the estimated deferred debt issuance costs of $9.5 million for the write-off of costs incurred related to the interim bank loan.
(i) Represents historical information for TXOK as of September 30, 2005.
(j) Reflects the assumed borrowings under our credit facility of $169.8 million that, along with cash on hand and a portion of the proceeds of this offering, will be used to redeem the TXOK preferred stock and repay the TXOK credit facility and the TXOK term loan. In addition, $20.0 millon is assumed to be cash available for working capital.
(k) Reflects EXCO Holdings' $20.0 million investment in TXOK Class B common stock and correspondingly the common stock issued by TXOK to EXCO Holdings, acquired on October 7, 2005, representing a 12% equity interest. These amounts are eliminated when TXOK is consolidated by EXCO Holdings in footnote (s).
(l) Reflects the repayment of the TXOK private debt financing on October 7, 2005.
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(m) Represents the use of cash in connection with the TXOK purchase as shown in the following table:
(n) Represents the redemption premium on the TXOK preferred stock at September 30, 2005. The terms of the TXOK preferred stock provide for the holder of the TXOK preferred stock to receive an overall 23% annualized rate of return. In addition to the payment of the initial purchase price plus accrued and unpaid dividends at 15%, the holder of the TXOK preferred stock, at the option of the holder, is to receive the redemption premium of either (1) the number of shares of our common stock calculated by taking the difference between a 23% rate of return less the cash dividend paid divided by the lesser of $12.00 or the offering price to the public for common stock sold in this offering, (2) additional cash dividends so that the total cash dividends paid will equal a 23% rate of return or (3) a combination of cash or our common stock. We have assumed that the redemption premium calculated as of September 30, 2005 of $0.1 million will be paid in cash.
(o) Represents the write-off of deferred loan issuance costs associated with the repayment of the TXOK credit facility and the TXOK term loan.
(p) Represents the write-off of the embedded derivative liability related to the redemption premium on TXOK preferred stock.
(q) Represents the deferred tax effect of note (o) above at a marginal tax rate of 37.0%.
(r) Assumes the TXOK preferred stock had been redeemed on September 30, 2005. The redemption of the TXOK preferred stock will be accounted for as a purchase. The total estimated acquisition cost below includes the carry over basis of assets and liabilities from EXCO Holdings' acquisition of its 12% equity interest plus the estimated market value of the 88% interest acquired in the remaining assets acquired and liabilities assumed.
54
The historical carrying values of the assets and liabilities of TXOK were adjusted to reflect the allocation of acquisition cost as shown in the following table:
(s) Represents the elimination of intercompany amounts between EXCO Holdings and TXOK of $0.7 million and the elimination of EXCO Holdings' $20.0 million investment in TXOK.
(t) Represents the reclassification of the deferred tax asset resulting from the purchase price allocation in connection with the TXOK acquisition against EXCO Holding's pro forma deferred tax liability.
(u) Represents the elimination of TXOK's stockholders' equity including the effects discussed in notes (n), (o), (p), and (q) above.
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EXCO Resources, Inc. unaudited pro forma
condensed consolidated statement of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2005
56
Notes to EXCO Resources, Inc. unaudited
pro forma condensed consolidated statement of operations
for the nine months ended September 30, 2005
(A) Marginal federal and state income tax rates differ depending on the state source and the mix of the taxable income (deduction). The following table indicates the approximate marginal rate applicable to federal and state rates by company:
|
||||
|
Tax rate
|
|||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||
Federal | 35.0 | % | ||
State: |
|
|
|
|
EXCO excluding North Coast | 2.0 | % | ||
North Coast | 6.0 | % | ||
ONEOK Energy | 2.9 | % | ||
TXOK | 2.9 | % | ||
|
(a) A change in control of EXCO Holdings occurred as a result of the Equity Buyout. Subsequent to this transaction, our financial statements will reflect a new basis of accounting.
(b) Represents increased depreciation, depletion and amortization expense to give effect to the step up in basis of oil and natural gas properties associated with the Equity Buyout.
(c) Represents the adjustment to historical interest expense and for interest expense on debt issued in connection with the Equity Buyout at rates assumed to be in effect during the period, as presented in the following table:
(d) Represents the federal and state income tax effect of the pro forma adjustments related to the Equity Buyout as discussed in notes (b) and (c) above at a marginal rate of approximately 38.1%.
(e) Represents the reduction of pro forma interest expense of $26.2 million resulting from the assumed repayment of $350.0 million in borrowings at a fixed rate of 10.0% under the interim bank loan with a portion of the proceeds from this offering.
(f) Represents the federal and state income tax effect of the pro forma adjustments to interest expense as discussed in note (e) above at a marginal tax rate of approximately 37.0%.
(g) We do not account for derivative financial instruments using hedge accounting. The ONEOK Energy entities historically have accounted for derivative financial instruments using
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hedge accounting. The pro forma statements of operations reflect the historical accounting treatment by ONEOK Energy for all periods presented.
(h) Represents reductions to the ONEOK Energy historical statement of operations to eliminate depreciation of $0.2 million on non-oil and natural gas assets not purchased and interest expense of $8.7 million on intercompany debt assumed by the seller.
(i) Represents the federal and state income tax effect of the pro forma adjustments to depreciation, depletion and amortization and interest expense as discussed in note (h) above at a marginal tax rate of approximately 37.9%.
(j) Represents increased depreciation, depletion and amortization expense related to the step up in basis of oil and natural gas properties associated with the purchase of ONEOK Energy by TXOK. During the nine months ended September 30, 2005, there were no exploration expenses for ONEOK Energy. Under the full cost method of accounting, any excess of total capitalized oil and natural gas property costs (net of related deferred income taxes and accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization) over the sum of the estimated future net revenues from proved properties using current period-end prices discounted at 10%, adjusted for related income tax effects, and the lower of cost or fair value of unproved properties is charged to operations as an impairment expense. Under the successful efforts method of accounting, developed properties are assessed for impairment on an individual field basis by comparing the carrying value of the asset with the asset's expected future undiscounted cash flows without interest costs. If there is an indication of impairment following this review, then additional analysis is required with the value of any impairment being charged to operations. During the periods indicated, impairment expense and impairment of developed properties were immaterial and accordingly did not generate any differences between the full cost and successful efforts methods of accounting. Although this pro forma statement of operations considers differences in depreciation, depletion and amortization expense between full cost and successful efforts methods, it does not consider what effect, if any, such differing accounting methods would have made in possible impairment and resulting basis of oil and natural gas properties.
(k) Represents the adjustment for interest expense on debt issued in connection with the ONEOK Energy acquisition at rates assumed to be in effect during the period, as presented in the following table:
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A 1 / 8 % change in interest rates on our variable rate debt would change pro forma interest expense by $474 thousand.
(l) Represents the federal and state income tax effect of the pro forma adjustments related to acquisition of ONEOK Energy by TXOK as discussed in notes (j) and (k) above at a marginal tax rate of approximately 37.9%.
(m) Represents the additional depreciation, depletion and amortization expense of $3.7 million related to the addition to our full-cost pool of the oil and natural gas properties acquired in the TXOK acquisition.
(n) Represents the federal and state income tax effect of the pro forma adjustments to depreciation, depletion and amortization expense as discussed in note (m) above at a marginal tax rate of approximately 37.0%.
(o) Represents the adjustment to pro forma interest expense on debt to be retired with a portion of the proceeds from this offering, together with cash on hand and additional borrowings under our credit agreement, as presented in the following table:
A 1 / 8 % change in interest rates on our variable rate debt would change pro forma interest expense by $159 thousand.
(p) Represents the federal and state income tax effect of the pro forma adjustment to interest expense as discussed in note (o) above at a marginal tax rate of approximately 37.0%.
(q) Weighted average shares outstanding represent:
|
||
Holdings II shares outstanding at its formation on August 12, 2005 | 3,333,330 | |
Shares issued in connection with the Equity Buyout | 46,666,670 | |
Shares issued in this offering | ||
|
||
Total weighted average shares outstanding | ||
|
59
EXCO Resources, Inc. unaudited pro forma
condensed consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2004
60
Notes to EXCO Resources, Inc. unaudited
pro forma condensed consolidated statement of operations
for the year ended December 31, 2004
(A) Marginal federal and state income tax rates differ depending on the state source and the mix of the taxable income (deduction). The following table indicates the approximate marginal rate applicable to federal and state rates by company:
|
||||
|
Tax rate
|
|||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||
Federal | 35.0 | % | ||
State: |
|
|
|
|
EXCO excluding North Coast | 2.0 | % | ||
North Coast | 6.0 | % | ||
ONEOK Energy | 2.9 | % | ||
TXOK | 2.9 | % | ||
|
(a) Represents the adjustment to capitalize exploration expense as required under the full-cost method of accounting employed by us. There were no significant differences between amounts determined using the successful efforts method employed by North Coast and the full cost method employed by us. Refer to footnote (s) for a further discussion of the differences between the full cost and successful efforts methods of accounting.
(b) Represents increased depreciation, depletion and amortization expense relating to the step up in basis of oil and natural gas properties associated with the allocation of acquisition cost for the North Coast acquisition as if it occurred on January 1, 2004.
(c) Represents additional accretion charges resulting from the revaluation of fair value based upon our management's assessment of certain factors as they relate to North Coast's asset retirement obligation.
(d) Represents transaction costs incurred by North Coast and expensed during the 26 day period from January 1 to January 26, 2004 primarily related to investment banking fees, employee bonus and severance payments and other costs incurred in connection with the acquisition of North Coast by us. These costs are not deductible for federal or state income tax purposes.
(e) We issued senior notes on January 20, 2004, the proceeds of which went to fund the North Coast acquisition and repay the then outstanding debt under our credit facilities and senior term loan. The adjustment represents the net interest expense that would have resulted had the $350.0 million of senior notes been issued on January 1, 2004 net of the reduction in interest expense for the repayment of outstanding debt under our credit facilities and the senior term loan.
(f) Represents the federal and state income tax effect of the taxable portion of the pro forma adjustments (a), (b), (c) and (e) at a marginal tax rate of approximately 41.0%.
(g) A change in control of EXCO Holdings occurred as a result of the Equity Buyout. Subsequent to this transaction, our financial statements will reflect a new basis in accounting.
(h) Represents increased depreciation, depletion and amortization expense relating to the step up in basis of oil and natural gas properties associated with the purchase price allocation for the Equity Buyout.
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(i) Represents the adjustment to historical interest expense and for interest expense on debt issued in connection with the Equity Buyout at rates assumed to be in effect during the period, as presented in the following table:
(j) Represents the federal and state income tax effect of the pro forma adjustments related to the Equity Buyout as discussed in notes (h) and (i) above at a marginal tax rate of approximately 37.9%.
(k) Represents the reduction of pro forma interest expense resulting from the assumed repayment of $350.0 million in borrowings under the interim bank loan with a portion of the proceeds from this offering, as presented in the following table:
(l) Represents the federal and state income tax effect of the pro forma adjustments to interest expense as discussed in note (k) above at a marginal tax rate of approximately 37.0%.
(m) We do not account for derivative financial instruments using hedge accounting. The ONEOK Energy entities historically have accounted for derivative financial instruments using hedge accounting. The pro forma statements of operations reflect the historical accounting treatment by ONEOK Energy for all periods presented.
(n) Represents adjustments to the ONEOK Energy historical statement of operations to eliminate depreciation of $0.3 million on non-oil and natural gas assets not purchased and interest expense of $9.2 million on intercompany debt assumed by the seller.
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(o) Represents the federal and state income tax effect of the pro forma adjustments to depreciation, depletion and amortization and interest expense as discussed in note (n) above at a marginal tax rate of approximately 37.9%.
(p) Represents increased depreciation, depletion and amortization expense related to the step up in basis of oil and natural gas properties associated with the purchase of ONEOK Energy by TXOK.
(q) Represents the adjustment for interest expense on debt issued in connection with the ONEOK Energy acquisition at rates assumed to be in effect during the period, as presented in the following table:
A 1 / 8 % change in interest rates on our variable rate debt would change pro forma interest expense by $636 thousand.
(r) Represents the federal and state income tax effect of the pro forma adjustments related to the acquisition of ONEOK Energy by TXOK as discussed in notes (p) and (q) above at a marginal tax rate of approximately 37.9%.
(s) Represents the additional depreciation, depletion and amortization expense of $5.2 million related to the addition to our full-cost pool of the oil and natural gas properties acquired in the TXOK acquisition. Under the full cost method of accounting, any excess of total capitalized oil and natural gas property costs (net of related deferred income taxes and accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization) over the sum of the estimated future net revenues from proved properties using current period-end prices discounted at 10%, adjusted for related income tax effects, and the lower of cost or fair value of unproved properties is charged to operations as an impairment expense. Under the successful efforts method of accounting, developed properties are assessed for impairment on an individual field basis by comparing the carrying value of the asset with the asset's expected future undiscounted cash flows without interest costs. If there is an indication of impairment following this review, then additional analysis is required with the value of any impairment being charged to operations. During the periods indicated, impairment expense and impairment of developed properties were immaterial and accordingly did not generate any differences between the full cost and successful efforts methods of accounting. Although this pro forma statement of operations considers differences in depreciation, depletion and amortization expense between full cost and successful efforts methods, it does not consider what effect, if any, such differing
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accounting methods would have made in possible impairment and resulting basis of oil and natural gas properties.
(t) Represents the federal and state income tax effect of the pro forma adjustments to depreciation, depletion and amortization expense as discussed in note (s) above at a marginal tax rate of approximately 37.0%.
(u) Represents the adjustment to pro forma interest expense on additional borrowings under our credit facility and debt to be retired with a portion of the proceeds from this offering, together with such borrowings and cash on hand, as presented in the following table:
A 1 / 8 % change in interest rates on our variable rate debt would change pro forma interest expense by $212 thousand.
(v) Represents the federal and state income tax effect of the pro forma adjustment to interest expense as discussed in note (u) above at a marginal tax rate of approximately 37.0%.
(w) Weighted average shares outstanding represent:
|
||
Holdings II shares outstanding at its formation on August 12, 2005 | 3,333,330 | |
Shares issued in connection with the Equity Buyout | 46,666,670 | |
Shares issued in this offering | ||
|
||
Total weighted average shares outstanding | ||
|
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Management's discussion and analysis of financial
condition and results of operation
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the related notes to those statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. In addition to historical financial information, the following discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results and timing of selected events may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including those discussed under "Risk factors" and elsewhere in this prospectus.
Overview
We are an independent oil and natural gas company engaged in the acquisition, development and exploitation of onshore North American oil and natural gas properties. We expect to continue to grow by leveraging our management team's experience, exploiting our multi-year inventory of development drilling locations and exploitation projects, and selectively pursuing acquisitions that meet our strategic and financial objectives. We employ the use of debt along with a comprehensive commodity price risk management program to support our acquisition strategy. This approach enhances our ability to execute our business plan over the entire commodity price cycle, protect our returns on investment, and manage our capital structure. For the three year period ended December 31, 2004, we spent in excess of $342.2 million on property and corporate acquisitions, excluding acquisitions in Canada. We spent an additional $103.3 million on property and lease acquisitions during the first nine months of 2005.
As oil and natural gas prices have increased, we have seen an increase in demand for drilling rigs, field supplies and other related field services. This has resulted in increases in the costs of these goods and services and some difficulty in timely scheduling of drilling rigs and other field services required to perform operations on our properties. To date, however, we have not encountered any significant operational problems or delays as a result of the difficulty in scheduling these services. Also, the higher sales prices for oil and natural gas have more than offset the higher field costs. Given the inherent volatility of oil and natural gas prices, we plan our activities and budget based on conservative sales price assumptions, which are generally lower than the average sales prices currently being received, as well as conservative assumptions as to expected oil and natural gas production volumes. We have budgeted approximately $159.1 million in 2006 for our drilling, exploitation and operational expenditures. We have also budgeted approximately $7.0 million in 2006 for our additional acquisition-related expenditures and approximately $1.6 million for information technology expenditures. Our future earnings and cash flows are dependent upon our ability to manage our overall cost structure to a level that allows for profitable production.
Like all oil and natural gas production companies, we face the challenge of natural production declines. Oil and natural gas production from a given well naturally decreases over time. We attempt to overcome this natural decline by drilling to develop and identify additional reserves and by acquisitions. Our future growth will depend upon our ability to continue to add oil and natural gas reserves in excess of production at a reasonable cost. We will maintain our focus on the costs of adding reserves through drilling and acquisitions as well as the costs necessary to produce such reserves.
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We also face the challenge of financing future acquisitions. We plan to use the proceeds of this offering, together with cash and additional borrowings under our credit agreement, to repay the $350.0 million interim bank loan plus accrued interest, the $508.8 million of borrowings under the TXOK credit facility and the TXOK term loan plus accrued interest, and to redeem the TXOK preferred stock plus accumulated and unpaid dividends and redemption premium. At that point, we believe we will have adequate unused borrowing capacity under our credit agreement, in addition to cash flow from operations, to fund capital development and working capital needs for the next 12 months. Funding for future acquisitions may require additional sources of financing, which may not be available.
On July 29, 2003, we completed a "going private" transaction that resulted in all of our outstanding common stock being acquired by EXCO Holdings, a holding company owned by certain members of our management and several institutional and other investors. This transaction resulted in a change in the valuation of our assets.
On January 27, 2004, we acquired all of the outstanding common stock, options and warrants of North Coast for a purchase price of approximately $225.1 million, including the assumption of $57.1 million of North Coast's outstanding indebtedness. As a result, North Coast became one of our wholly-owned subsidiaries and continues to be an energy company focused on the acquisition, exploitation, development and production of natural gas reserves in the Appalachian Basin. The North Coast acquisition established a new core operating area for us in the Appalachian Basin, which positioned us to benefit from the attractive qualities of the basin and to capitalize on consolidation opportunities in the area.
On February 10, 2005, 1143928 Alberta Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of NAL Oil & Gas Trust, purchased all of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of Addison and two intercompany notes that Addison owed to one of our subsidiaries, Taurus Acquisition, Inc. (now known as ROJO Pipeline, Inc., or ROJO). The aggregate purchase price was Cdn. $551.3 million ($443.3 million) after adjustments as specified in the purchase agreement.
On September 27, 2005, TXOK acquired all of the issued and outstanding equity interests of ONEOK Energy for a purchase price of $634.8 million after contractual adjustments. The ONEOK Energy acquisition will be accounted for using the purchase method of accounting in accordance with SFAS No. 141 "Accounting for Business Combination." The ONEOK Energy acquisition will significantly increase our multi-year inventory of development drilling locations and exploitation projects, and strengthen our position in the East Texas and Mid-Continent areas. EXCO Holdings has a $20.0 million equity investment in TXOK. While the TXOK preferred stock is outstanding, our investment represents 10% of the voting power of TXOK. Upon redemption of the TXOK preferred stock immediately after the completion of this offering, TXOK will become our wholly-owned subsidiary.
On August 12, 2005, our management formed a new entity, Holdings II, to consummate a purchase of all of the shares of capital stock of EXCO Holdings, our parent company at that time. On October 3, 2005, Holdings II purchased 100% of the outstanding equity of EXCO Holdings for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $699.3 million, which resulted in a change of control at EXCO Holdings and a change in its board of directors. To fund this purchase, Holdings II incurred $350.0 million in indebtedness, including $0.7 million for working capital, under an interim bank loan and raised $183.1 million of equity financing from institutional and other investors. Current management and other stockholders of EXCO
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Holdings, who had an option to take cash or equity in Holdings II, exchanged EXCO Holdings capital stock for $166.9 million of Holdings II common stock. Promptly following the completion of these transactions, Holdings II merged with and into EXCO Holdings. See "Significant transactions2005 Equity Buyout" for additional information.
Immediately prior to the consummation of this offering, EXCO Holdings will merge with and into us. As a result, the stockholders of EXCO Holdings will become our shareholders and, after redemption of the TXOK preferred stock, TXOK will become our wholly-owned subsidiary.
Critical accounting policies
In response to the SEC's Release No. 33-8040, "Cautionary Advice Regarding Disclosure About Critical Accounting Policies," we have identified the most critical accounting principles used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. We determined the critical principles by considering accounting policies that involve the most complex or subjective decisions or assessments. We identified our most critical accounting policies to be those related to our Proved Reserves, derivatives accounting, functional currency assessment, deferred tax asset valuations, our choice of accounting method for oil and natural gas properties, goodwill, asset retirement obligations and income taxes.
We prepared our consolidated financial statements for inclusion in this report in accordance with accounting principles that are generally accepted in the United States, or GAAP. GAAP represents a comprehensive set of accounting and disclosure rules and requirements, and applying these rules and requirements requires management judgments and estimates including, in certain circumstances, choices between acceptable GAAP alternatives. Effective July 29, 2003, in connection with our going private transaction, we discontinued hedge accounting for derivative financial instruments. See "Accounting for derivatives" for a discussion of this change. The following is a discussion of our most critical accounting policies, judgments and uncertainties that are inherent in our application of GAAP.
Estimates of Proved Reserves
The Proved Reserves data included in this prospectus was prepared in accordance with SEC guidelines. The accuracy of a reserve estimate is a function of:
Because these estimates depend on many assumptions, all of which may substantially differ from actual results, reserve estimates may be different from the quantities of oil and natural gas that are ultimately recovered. In addition, results of drilling, testing and production after the date of an estimate may justify material revisions to the estimate.
You should not assume that the present value of future net cash flows is the current market value of our estimated Proved Reserves. In accordance with SEC requirements, we based the estimated discounted future net cash flows from Proved Reserves on prices and costs on the date of the estimate. Actual future prices and costs may be materially higher or lower than the
67
prices and costs as of the date of the estimate. Further, a discount rate of 10% may not be an accurate assumption of future interest rates.
Proved Reserves materially impact depletion expense. If the Proved Reserves decline, then the rate at which we record depletion expense increases, reducing net income. A decline in the estimate of Proved Reserves may result from lower market prices, and a decline may make it uneconomical to drill or produce from higher cost fields. In addition, a decline in Proved Reserves may impact the outcome of our assessment of our oil and natural gas properties for impairment.
Accounting for derivatives
We engage in commodity price risk management activities to protect against commodity price fluctuations and in connection with the incurrence of debt related to our acquisition activities. Our objective in entering into these commodity price risk management transactions is to manage price fluctuations and achieve a more predictable cash flow to fund our development and acquisition activities. These derivatives are not held for trading purposes.
Prior to our going private transaction, when we entered into hedging transactions, we formally documented all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as our risk-management objective and strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions. The process included linking all derivatives that were designated as cash flow hedges to forecasted transactions. We also formally assessed, both at the hedge's inception and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivatives that were used in hedging transactions were highly effective in offsetting changes in cash flows of hedged items. When it was determined that a derivative was not highly effective as a hedge or that it ceased to be a highly effective hedge, we discontinued hedge accounting prospectively. Under hedge accounting, changes in fair value are recognized in other comprehensive income until the hedged item is recognized in earnings and the ineffective portion of any change in fair value of a derivative designated as a hedge is immediately recognized in earnings.
Effective July 29, 2003, in connection with our going private transaction, we discontinued hedge accounting for all existing derivatives. Currently, we do not designate derivative transactions as hedges for financial accounting purposes; accordingly, changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments are recognized currently in our statement of operations. We do continue to designate derivative financial instruments as hedges for income tax purposes.
Assessments of functional currencies
We determine the functional currencies of our subsidiaries by assessing the currency of the economic environment in which a subsidiary primarily realizes and expends its operating revenues, costs and expenses. We determined that the Canadian dollar was the functional currency of our international operations in Canada.
Effective April 13, 2004, Addison entered into a long-term note agreement with ROJO in the amount of $98.8 million. Addison used the proceeds of this borrowing to repay virtually all of its outstanding indebtedness under its Canadian credit agreement in April 2004. The indebtedness, which was repayable in U.S. dollars, was repaid in full on February 10, 2005 upon the sale of Addison. Under the provisions of SFAS No. 52 "Foreign Currency Translation," Addison was required to recognize a foreign currency transaction gain or loss when translating
68
this liability from U.S. dollars to Canadian dollars currently in its statement of operations. Gain or loss recognized by Addison was not eliminated when preparing EXCO's consolidated statement of operations.
By disposing of Addison in February 2005, we no longer have operations in Canada. As a result, we do not anticipate that our assessment of functional currencies will have a significant impact on our results of operations and our financial position going forward.
Deferred tax asset valuations
We periodically assess the probability of recovering recorded deferred tax assets based on our assessment of future earnings outlooks by tax jurisdiction. These estimates are inherently imprecise because we make many assumptions in the assessment process. For the year ended December 31, 2002 (predecessor basis), our net deferred tax asset in the U.S. of $3.5 million was fully reserved due to the uncertainty of the realization of such benefits. Effective with the going private transaction, as of July 29, 2003, EXCO Holdings was in a deferred tax liability position in the U.S. due to the step-up in basis for book purposes related to purchase accounting and the carryover of tax basis. Accordingly, no valuation allowance relating to the deferred tax asset was recognized in the purchase price allocation at July 29, 2003, at December 31, 2003, or at December 31, 2004, except for a valuation allowance that has been provided in the U.S. in the amount of $2.6 million that is related to net operating loss carryforwards that are expected to expire without utilization. As of September 30, 2005, this valuation allowance and its associated deferred tax asset have been written off because the deferred tax asset was deemed worthless.
Accounting for oil and natural gas properties
The accounting for and disclosure of oil and natural gas producing activities requires that we choose between GAAP alternatives and that we make judgments regarding estimates of future uncertainties.
We use the full cost method of accounting, which involves capitalizing all acquisition, exploration, exploitation and development costs. Once we incur costs, they are recorded in the full cost pool or in unevaluated properties. Unevaluated property costs are not subject to depletion. We review our unevaluated costs on an ongoing basis, and we expect these costs to be evaluated in one to three years and transferred to the full cost pool during that time. The full cost pool is comprised of lease and well equipment and exploration and development costs incurred plus intangible acquired proved leaseholds.
We calculate depletion using the unit-of-production method. Under this method, the sum of the full cost pool and all estimated future development costs are divided by the total amount of Proved Reserves. This rate is applied to our total production for the period, and the appropriate expense is recorded. We capitalize the portion of general and administrative costs that is attributable to our acquisition, exploration, exploitation and development activities.
To the extent that total capitalized oil and natural gas property costs (net of related deferred income taxes and accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization) exceed the estimated future net revenues from proved properties using current period-end prices discounted at 10%, adjusted for related income tax effects, plus the lower of cost or fair value of unproved properties, excess costs are charged to operations. Once incurred, a write-down of oil and
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natural gas properties is not reversible at a later date even if oil or natural gas prices increase. We could be required to write down our oil and natural gas properties if there is a decline in oil or natural gas prices, or downward adjustments are made to our Proved Reserves. During 2002, we recognized an impairment charge of $17.5 million with respect to our properties located in Canada. This charge was the result of low prices for natural gas at June 30, 2002.
In September 2004, the SEC released SAB No. 106 concerning the application of SFAS No. 143 "Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations" by oil and natural gas producing companies following the full cost method of accounting. In SAB No. 106, the SEC addressed the impact of SFAS No. 143 on the ceiling test calculation and on the calculation of depreciation, depletion and amortization. SAB No. 106 became effective for us on January 1, 2005 and has not had a significant impact on our ceiling test calculation. Also, as a result of SAB No. 106, we now include the estimated asset retirement obligation that will result from future development activity in our calculation of depreciation, depletion and amortization. This change has not had a significant impact on our depreciation, depletion and amortization expense.
Prior to the issuance of SFAS No. 143, we included expected future cash flows related to the asset retirement obligations from certain properties in our ceiling test calculation. Under SFAS No. 143, we must now initially capitalize asset retirement costs by increasing long-lived oil and natural gas assets by the same amount as the asset retirement liability before discount. After adoption of SFAS No. 143, if we were to continue to calculate the full cost ceiling test by reducing expected future net revenues by the cash flows required to settle the asset obligation, then the effect would be to "double-count" such costs in the ceiling test.
Goodwill
As a result of a change in control, the 2003 going private transaction has been accounted for using the purchase method of accounting pursuant to SFAS No. 141. As a result, EXCO Holdings' cost of acquiring EXCO Resources was allocated to the assets and liabilities acquired based upon estimated fair values. Therefore, our financial position and operating results subsequent to July 28, 2003 reflect a new basis of accounting and are not comparable to prior periods. In addition, tax basis was carried over from the formerly public company as a result of the merger. The going private purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed according to their estimated fair values. The purchase price allocation resulted in $51.1 million of goodwill being recorded, $24.2 million in our United States geographic operating segment and $26.9 million in the Canadian geographic operating segment. The goodwill amount related to the Canadian geographic operating segment was reclassified to assets of discontinued operations on our condensed consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2003 and 2004 and has been removed from the condensed consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2005, as a result of the sale of Addison on February 10, 2005. Changes in the balance of goodwill in our U.S. geographic operating segment from the date of the going private transaction to December 31, 2004 were the result of sales of oil and natural gas properties (based upon the relative fair value of our oil and natural gas properties prior to and after the sales) and the sale of a bankruptcy claim related to Enron Corp. In a recent letter to oil and natural gas companies, the SEC has provided guidance concerning the treatment of goodwill in situations when a company sells less than 25% of its proved oil and natural gas reserves in a cost pool. The guidance indicates that such dispositions may trigger a need to evaluate goodwill for impairment under SFAS No. 142. As a result of this guidance, beginning January 1, 2005, we no longer reduce the balance of goodwill for property dispositions of less
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than 25% of our oil and natural gas reserves unless there is an indication that our goodwill is impaired as a result of the sale.
None of the goodwill is currently deductible for income tax purposes. Furthermore, in accordance with SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and Intangible Assets," goodwill is not amortized, but is tested for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently as impairment indicators arise. Impairment tests, which involve the use of estimates related to the fair market value of the business operations with which goodwill is associated, are performed at the end of our fourth quarter. Losses, if any, resulting from impairment tests will be reflected in operating income in the statement of operations. There was no goodwill recorded as a result of the North Coast acquisition. We do anticipate that we will record additional goodwill as a result of the Equity Buyout.
Asset retirement obligations
In June 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued SFAS No. 143, "Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations." The statement requires legal obligations associated with the retirement of long-lived assets to be recognized at their fair value at the time that the obligations are incurred. Upon initial recognition of a liability, that cost should be capitalized as part of the related long-lived asset and allocated to expense over the useful life of the asset. We adopted the new rules on asset retirement obligations on January 1, 2003. Application of the new rules resulted in an increase in net proved developed and undeveloped oil and natural gas properties of approximately $5.6 million, recognition of an asset retirement obligation liability of approximately $6.1 million and a cumulative effect of adoption that increased net income and shareholder's equity by approximately $255,000.
Accounting for income taxes
Income taxes are accounted for based upon the liability method of accounting. Deferred taxes are recorded to reflect the tax benefit and consequences of future years' differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting basis. We record a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Prior to the planned disposition of Addison, we considered Addison's earnings to be permanently reinvested for use in those operations and, consequently, deferred federal income taxes, net of applicable foreign tax credits, had not been provided on the undistributed earnings of Addison that were reinvested. As a result of the sale of Addison, we have provided for deferred federal income taxes in the fourth quarter of 2004 on the undistributed earnings of Addison which is reflected as income tax expense of discontinued operations.
Recent accounting pronouncements
On December 16, 2004, FASB issued SFAS No. 123(R), "Share-Based Payment", which is a revision of SFAS No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation." SFAS No. 123(R) supersedes APB 25 and amends SFAS No. 95, "Statement of Cash Flows." Generally, the approach in SFAS No. 123(R) is similar to the approach described in SFAS No. 123. However, SFAS No. 123(R) will require all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in our consolidated statements of operations based on their estimated fair values. Pro forma disclosure is no longer an alternative.
71
Prior to October 3, 2005, we accounted for share-based payments to employees using the intrinsic value method prescribed by APB 25 and related interpretations. As such, we did not recognize compensation expense associated with employee stock options. Holdings II adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R) upon its formation in August 2005. As a result of the Equity Buyout, we currently follow SFAS No. 123(R). At December 31, 2005, our employees and directors held options under the Holdings 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the 2005 Incentive Plan) to purchase 4,979,575 shares of Holdings common stock at $7.50 per share. The options expire ten years from the date of grant. Pursuant to the 2005 Incentive Plan, 25% of the options vest immediately with an additional 25% to vest on each of the next three anniversaries of the date of grant. The adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) will result in a non-cash charge to stock option expense during the fourth quarter of 2005. We are evaluating methodologies with regard to the calculation of the share-based expense. We have not completed our evaluation of the impact that the adoption of SFAS 123(R) will have on our results of operations in subsequent periods.
On June 1, 2005, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 154, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections (SFAS No. 154), which will require entities that voluntarily make a change in accounting principle to apply that change retrospectively to prior periods' financial statements, unless this would be impracticable. SFAS No. 154 supersedes Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 20, Accounting Changes (APB 20), which previously required that most voluntary changes in accounting principle be recognized by including in the current period's net income the cumulative effect of changing to the new accounting principle. SFAS No. 154 also makes a distinction between "retrospective application" of an accounting principle and the "restatement" of financial statements to reflect the correction of an error.
Another significant change in practice under SFAS No. 154 will be that if an entity changes its method of depreciation, amortization, or depletion for long-lived, nonfinancial assets, the change must be accounted for as a change in accounting estimate. Under APB 20, such a change would have been reported as a change in accounting principle. SFAS No. 154 applies to accounting changes and error corrections that are made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. Management has not completed its assessment of the impact of SFAS No. 154, but does not anticipate any material impact from implementation of this accounting standard.
Our results of operations
The results of operations contain successor operations for 2004, a combination of successor and predecessor operations for 2003, and predecessor operations for 2002. Because the application of purchase accounting can inhibit a meaningful comparison of historical results, before and after such transactions, we analyzed the impact of our going private transaction that was completed in July 2003 on our statement of operations. Except as related to the discontinuation of hedge accounting for derivatives at the time of the going private transaction, discussed separately, we believe that all accounts are comparable between 2002 and 2003 and between 2003 and 2004 except for depreciation, depletion and amortization expense resulting from the change in basis of the underlying properties as part of the going private transaction. Accordingly, we have provided descriptions of other changes that resulted from, or occurred following the completion of, the transaction for all other income and expense accounts. As a result, we believe that providing comparisons of 2003 on a combined
72
basis against 2002 and 2004 enhances the understanding of changes in our results of operations, including with respect to items such as oil and natural gas production, oil and natural gas revenues before commodity price risk management activities and related average sales price disclosures and oil and natural gas production costs and related per unit disclosures. In addition, we have quantified the effect of the going private transaction on depreciation, depletion and amortization expense resulting from the change in basis of the underlying properties.
The following is a discussion of our financial condition and results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 and for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2004 and 2005. The information presented below for the year ended December 31, 2003 represents the total of our activity for the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003 and the 156 day period from July 29, 2003 to December 31, 2003.
The comparability of our results of operations from year to year is impacted by:
General
The availability of a ready market for oil, natural gas and NGLs and the prices of oil, natural gas and NGLs are dependent upon a number of factors that are beyond our control. These factors include, among other things:
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Accordingly, in light of the many uncertainties affecting the supply and demand for oil, natural gas and refined petroleum products, we cannot accurately predict the prices or marketability of the oil, natural gas or NGLs from any producing well in which we have or may acquire an interest.
Marketing arrangements
We produce oil, natural gas and NGLs. We do not refine or process the oil we produce. With the exception of our Black Lake Field in Louisiana, which we sold in November 2004, we do not process a significant portion of the natural gas or NGLs we produce. At the Black Lake Field, we operated a natural gas processing plant that was 100% dedicated to production from the field.
We sell the majority of the oil we produce under short-term contracts using market sensitive pricing. The majority of our contracts are based on NYMEX pricing, which is typically calculated as the average of the daily closing prices of oil to be delivered one month in the future. We also sell a portion of our oil at F.O.B. field prices posted by the principal purchaser of oil where our producing properties are located. Our sales contracts are of a type common within the industry, and we usually negotiate a separate contract for each property. Generally, we sell our oil to purchasers and refiners near the areas of our producing properties.
We sell the majority of our natural gas under individually negotiated gas purchase contracts using market sensitive pricing. Our sales contracts vary in length from spot market sales of a single day to term agreements that may extend for a year or more. Our natural gas customers include utilities, natural gas marketing companies and a variety of commercial and industrial end users. The natural gas purchase contracts define the terms and conditions unique to each of these sales. The price received for natural gas sold on the spot market varies daily, reflecting changing market conditions. We also gather natural gas for other producers for which we are compensated.
We sell our NGLs under both short-term and long-term contracts. We sell the NGLs to refiners and processors in the vicinity of our producing properties. Our sales contracts are of a type common within the industry, and we usually negotiate a separate contract for each property. Typically, the prices we receive for NGLs are based on the Oil Price Information Service, or OPIS, index, less transportation and fractionating fees.
We may be unable to market all the oil, natural gas or NGLs we produce. If our oil, natural gas or NGLs can be marketed, we may be unable to negotiate favorable price and contractual terms. Changes in oil or natural gas prices may significantly affect our revenues, cash flows, the value of our oil and natural gas properties and the estimates of recoverable oil, natural gas and NGLs contained in our properties. Further, significant declines in the prices of oil or natural gas may have a material adverse effect on our business and on our financial condition.
We engage in oil and natural gas production activities in geographic regions where, from time to time, the supply of oil or natural gas available for delivery exceeds the demand. In this situation, companies purchasing oil or natural gas in these areas reduce the amount of oil or natural gas that they purchase from us. If we cannot locate other buyers for our production or for any of our newly discovered oil or natural gas reserves, we may shut-in our oil or natural gas wells for periods of time. If this occurs, we may incur additional payment obligations under
74
our oil and natural gas leases and, under certain circumstances, the oil and natural gas leases might be terminated.
Revenues and production
The following tables present our oil and natural gas revenues (before commodity price risk management activities), production and average unit sales price for the three years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 and for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2004 and 2005. The tables also show the changes in these amounts between periods. The information presented below for the year ended December 31, 2003 represents the total of our activity for the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003 and for the 156 day period from July 29, 2003 to December 31, 2003. The data presented for Appalachia only reflects revenues and production since the date of our acquisition of North Coast on January 27, 2004.
For the year ended December 31, 2002 and for the 209 day period ended July 28, 2003, cash settlements of hedge transactions are included in oil and natural gas revenues in the consolidated statement of operations. These settlements, which totaled $7.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2002 and $14.5 million for the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003, are not reflected in the amounts shown below for oil and natural gas revenues (before commodity price risk management activities).
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|
||||||||||||
|
Year ended December 31,
|
Year to year change
|
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---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002
|
2003
|
2004
|
2002-2003
|
2003-2004
|
|||||||
|
||||||||||||
Production: | ||||||||||||
Oil (Mbbls): | ||||||||||||
U.S (excluding Appalachia) | 869 | 755 | 538 | (114 | ) | (217 | ) | |||||
Appalachia | | | 100 | | 100 | |||||||
|
||||||||||||
Total | 869 | 755 | 638 | (114 | ) | (117 | ) | |||||
|
||||||||||||
Natural gas (Mmcf): | ||||||||||||
U.S (excluding Appalachia) | 6,878 | 7,551 | 8,355 | 673 | 804 | |||||||
Appalachia | | | 10,505 | | 10,505 | |||||||
|
||||||||||||
Total | 6,878 | 7,551 | 18,860 | 673 | 11,309 | |||||||
|
||||||||||||
Natural gas liquids (Mbbls): | ||||||||||||
U.S (excluding Appalachia) | 74 | 59 | 60 | (15 | ) | 1 | ||||||
Appalachia | | | | | | |||||||
|
||||||||||||
Total | 74 | 59 | 60 | (15 | ) | 1 | ||||||
|
||||||||||||
Total production (Mmcfe): | ||||||||||||
U.S (excluding Appalachia) | 12,536 | 12,435 | 11,943 | (101 | ) | (492 | ) | |||||
Appalachia | | | 11,105 | | 11,105 | |||||||
|
||||||||||||
Total | 12,536 | 12,435 | 23,048 | (101 | ) | 10,613 | ||||||
|
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|
||||||||||||||||
|
Year ended December 31,
|
Year to year
change |
||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002
|
2003
|
2004
|
2002-2003
|
2003-2004
|
|||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||
Average sales price (before cash settlements of derivative financial instruments): | ||||||||||||||||
Oil (per Bbl): | ||||||||||||||||
U.S. (excluding Appalachia) | $ | 23.75 | $ | 29.59 | $ | 38.97 | $ | 5.84 | $ | 9.38 | ||||||
Appalachia | | | 37.28 | | n/a | |||||||||||
Total | 23.75 | 29.59 | 38.69 | 5.84 | 9.10 | |||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||
Natural gas (per Mcf): | ||||||||||||||||
U.S. (excluding Appalachia) | $ | 2.92 | $ | 4.51 | $ | 5.29 | $ | 1.59 | $ | 0.78 | ||||||
Appalachia | | | 6.78 | | n/a | |||||||||||
Total | 2.92 | 4.51 | 6.12 | 1.59 | 1.61 | |||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||
Natural gas liquids (per Bbl): | ||||||||||||||||
U.S. (excluding Appalachia) | $ | 16.66 | $ | 22.58 | $ | 30.78 | $ | 5.92 | $ | 8.20 | ||||||
Appalachia | | | | | | |||||||||||
Total | 16.66 | 22.58 | 30.78 | 5.92 | $ | 8.20 | ||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||
Total average sales price (per Mcfe): | ||||||||||||||||
U.S. (excluding Appalachia) | $ | 3.35 | $ | 4.64 | $ | 5.61 | $ | 1.29 | $ | 0.97 | ||||||
Appalachia | | | 6.75 | | n/a | |||||||||||
Total | 3.35 | 4.64 | 6.16 | 1.29 | 1.52 | |||||||||||
|
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Our revenues from the sale of oil, natural gas and NGLs, before cash settlements of derivative financial instruments, for the year ended December 31, 2004 increased by $84.2 million, or 146% over the year ended December 31, 2003 primarily due to the acquisition of our Appalachia properties. Oil and natural gas revenues for Appalachia for the period from January 27, 2004 to December 31, 2004 were $75.0 million. The increase in revenue was also due to a 11% increase in natural gas production volumes, excluding Appalachia. This increase in production volumes is due primarily to property acquisitions, including the Oak Hill properties that we acquired on July 29, 2004 and the completion in January 2004 of our Miami Corp. 35-1 sidetrack well. For the year ended December 31, 2004, increases in oil, natural gas and NGL prices increased revenues by $18.5 million. Oil production and oil revenues for our U.S. operations (excluding Appalachia) declined in 2004 due to property sales in 2003 and 2004 and a general decline in production from our oil producing properties.
Our revenues from the sale of oil, natural gas and NGLs, before cash settlements of derivative financial instruments, for the year ended December 31, 2003 increased by $15.8 million, or 38%, over the year ended December 31, 2002 primarily due to higher prices received for oil, natural gas and NGLs. The increase in revenue resulting from higher average oil, natural gas and NGL prices was approximately $15.7 million. Our average oil and natural gas price, before cash settlements of derivative financial instruments, received during the year ended December 31, 2003, were 25% and 54%, respectively, greater than received during the prior year.
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The increase in revenue for the year ended December 31, 2003 was also due to an increase in natural gas production volumes. Our increased production of natural gas for the year ended December 31, 2003 compared to the year ended December 31, 2002 increased revenues by $3.0 million. This increase is primarily attributable to our acquisition of the DJ Basin properties in November 2002 and the additional interests in the Vinegarone properties in October 2003. Oil volumes decreased 114.0 Mbbls from 869.0 Mbbls to 755.0 Mbbls during these same periods, which decreased revenue by $2.7 million. Oil volumes decreased primarily due to a general decline in production from our oil producing properties.
During 2002 we had one well control event that directly impacted revenues. During November and December 2002, we sold 254.0 Mmcf of natural gas from the Miami Corp. #35 well while it was experiencing an uncontrolled flow from the wellbore. These sales increased revenue by $1.0 million. Oil and natural gas production costs and production and ad valorem taxes for the Miami Corp. #35 during this period were less than $100,000. There was no production from this well during 2003 as the well was temporarily abandoned. In December 2003, we commenced sidetrack drilling operations on this well and, in January 2004, the well was completed and placed on production as a producing natural gas well.
Our revenues from the sale of oil, natural gas and NGLs, before cash settlements of derivative financial instruments, for the nine month period ended September 30, 2005 increased by $31.3 million or 31%, over the nine month period ended September 30, 2004 primarily due to an increase of $1.68 per Mcfe for the nine month period ended September 30, 2005 in our average sales price.
The increase in our weighted average sales prices increased our revenues by $27.5 million for the nine month period ended September 30, 2005 over the comparable period during 2004.
Oil production and oil revenues for our U.S. operations (excluding Appalachia) declined by 146 Mbbls and $1.1 million during the nine month period ended September 30, 2005 compared to the same period in 2004 due to property sales in 2004 and 2005 and a general decline in production from our oil producing properties. The decline in production volumes was partially offset by an increase in our average oil price received of $15.32 per barrel for the nine month period ended September 30, 2005.
For our U.S. operations (excluding Appalachia), natural gas production increased by 29 Mmcf during the nine months ended September 30, 2005 compared to the same period during 2004. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005 compared to 2004, production primarily from the Oak Hill Field (acquired in July 2004) and Minden Field (acquired in January 2005) increased production by 1,880 Mmcf. This increase was substantially offset by the absence of the production from properties sold during 2004 and 2005 of 1,231 Mmcf and an expected decline in production from our Miami Corp. #35-1 well of 620 Mmcf.
For Appalachia, natural gas production increased by 1,337 Mmcf during the nine months ended September 30, 2005 compared to the same period during 2004. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005 compared to 2004, production increased as a result of having 26 additional days of production during the 2005 period as we acquired our Appalachia properties on January 27, 2004. Production was further increased by 1,116 Mmcf from the acquisition of our Pinestone properties in Central Pennsylvania and other acquisitions during 2005. These increases were offset by reduced production from the Knox trend wells of 421 Mmcf and by
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production curtailments imposed upon us by natural gas pipeline companies resulting from capacity constraints and short-term shutdowns of certain pipelines for maintenance purposes.
The following tables present our commodity price risk management activities and our other income (expense) for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 and for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2004 and 2005. The table also shows changes in these amounts between periods.
|
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|
Nine months ended
September 30, |
Period to period
change |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(in thousands)
|
2004
|
2005
|
2004-2005
|
|||||||||
|
||||||||||||
Commodity price risk management activities: | ||||||||||||
Cash settlements on derivative financial instruments | $ | (18,000 | ) | $ | (62,843 | ) | $ | (44,843 | ) | |||
Non-cash change in fair value of derivative financial instruments. | (51,195 | ) | (114,410 | ) | (63,215 | ) | ||||||
|
||||||||||||
Total commodity price risk management activities. | $ | (69,195 | ) | $ | (177,253 | ) | $ | (108,058 | ) | |||
|
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Other income, net: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Gain (loss) from foreign currency transactions | $ | (5 | ) | $ | 516 | $ | 521 | |||||
Interest, dividend and other, net | 925 | 6,531 | 5,606 | |||||||||
|
||||||||||||
Total other income, net. | $ | 920 | $ | 7,047 | $ | 6,127 | ||||||
|
Our objective in entering into commodity price risk management contracts is to manage price fluctuations, protect our returns on investments, and achieve a more predictable cash flow in
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connection with our acquisition activities and borrowings related to these activities. These transactions limit exposure to declines in prices, but also limit the benefits we would realize if prices increase. When prices for oil and natural gas are volatile, a significant portion of the effect of our commodity price risk management activities consists of non-cash income or expenses due to changes in the fair value of our commodity price risk management contracts. Cash charges or gains only arise from payments made or received on monthly settlements of contracts or if we terminate a contract prior to its expiration.
Our cash settlements of derivative financial instruments reduced revenue by $26.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2004. The NYMEX oil and natural gas prices that are used to settle our hedges increased significantly over the oil and natural gas prices of our contracts. The increases in prices resulted in us making significant payments to our counterparties to settle our derivative financial instruments during the year and our revenues decreased as a result. We also had a significant increase in the volume of natural gas under derivative financial instruments to reflect the increase in our natural gas production as a result of the acquisition of North Coast.
Prior to the completion of the going private transaction, we accounted for our derivative financial instruments as cash flow hedges. During the 209 day period from January 1 to July 28, 2003, we reduced our revenues by $2.5 million for the ineffective portion of the change in the fair value of our hedges. The ineffectiveness was primarily due to a significant increase in March 2003 in the difference between the NYMEX price for oil and natural gas, which is the price we use to settle our derivative financial instruments, and the actual price that we receive in the field for the physical delivery of our oil and natural gas production. For the year ended December 31, 2004, we recognized as a reduction of revenue $24.3 million from the change in the fair value of our derivative financial instruments. Previously, the effective portion of this change was reflected in other comprehensive income while the ineffective portion was recognized in current period earnings. We expect that our revenues will continue to be significantly impacted in future periods by changes in the fair value of our derivative financial instruments as a result of the volatility in oil and natural gas prices and the volume of future oil and natural gas sales covered under our commodity price risk management program.
During the 209 day period from January 1 to July 28, 2003, we recorded approximately $1.8 million of non-cash income from terminated hedges as other income. As a result of the going private transaction, we ceased recording such income.
Our commodity price risk management activities reduced revenue by $69.2 million during the nine month period ended September 30, 2004 and by $177.3 million during the nine month period ended September 30, 2005. Included in cash settlements on derivative financial instruments for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 are payments totaling $52.6 million made in January and March 2005 to the counterparties of certain of our contracts to terminate these contracts. In January and March 2005, we entered into new commodity price risk management contracts for increased volumes at higher underlying product prices. There have been significant increases in the NYMEX oil and natural gas prices that are used to settle our derivative financial instruments over the oil and natural gas prices of our contracts. The increases in prices resulted in us making significant payments to our counterparties to settle our derivative financial instruments during the nine month periods ended September 30, 2004 and 2005 and our revenues decreased as a result. We also had a significant increase in the
81
volume of natural gas under derivative financial instruments to reflect the increase in our natural gas production as a result of the acquisition of North Coast.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2004 and 2005, we recognized as a reduction of revenue $51.2 million and $114.4 million, respectively, from the change in the fair value of our derivative financial instruments. We expect that our revenues will continue to be significantly impacted in future periods by changes in the fair value of our derivative financial instruments as a result of the volatility in oil and natural gas prices and the volume of future oil and natural gas sales covered under our commodity price risk management program. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, the following percentages of our oil and natural gas production were subject to derivative financial instruments: 49% and 70% of oil and natural gas production, respectively, were subject to swap agreements and 5% of natural gas production was subject to floor price agreements. As a result of the ONEOK Energy acquisition, additional commodity price risk management contracts were entered into to cover a portion of the additional production acquired.
We expect to continue our comprehensive commodity price risk management program as part of our overall acquisition and financing strategy to enchance our ability to execute our business plan over the entire commodity price cycle, protect our returns on investment, and manage our capital structure. In connection with our acquisitions, we typically hedge a portion of future production acquired in order to lessen the variability of our returns on shareholders' equity and to protect our shareholders' equity by supporting our ability to meet our debt service obligations and stabilize cash flows.
As of December 31, 2005, we had derivative financial instruments in place hedging 66% of our expected 2006 pro forma oil production and 76% of our expected 2006 pro forma natural gas production from proved developed producing reserves. These levels are consistent with our acquisition and financing strategy and average historical levels of hedged production.
Effective April 13, 2004, Addison entered into a long-term note agreement with ROJO in the amount of $98.8 million. Addison used the proceeds of this borrowing to repay virtually all of its outstanding indebtedness under its Canadian credit agreement in April 2004. The indebtedness was repayable in U.S. dollars on January 15, 2011 or upon sale of substantially all of its oil and gas properties. It accrued interest at 7 1 / 4 % per annum and contained similar terms and conditions to our senior notes. On February 10, 2005, we sold this intercompany note in the Addison disposition. Under the provisions of SFAS No 52, "Foreign Currency Translation", Addison is required to recognize any foreign transaction gains or losses in its statement of operations when translating this liability from U.S. dollars to Canadian dollars. Gain or loss recognized by Addison is not eliminated when preparing our consolidated statement of operations. As a result, we recorded a non-cash foreign currency transaction gain of $10.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2004 and a non-cash foreign currency transaction loss of $3.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2005, both of which are reflected in income from discontinued operations on our consolidated statements of operations.
The increase in other income during the nine month period ended September 30, 2005 when compared to the same period in 2004 is primarily the result of interest income earned on the investment of the proceeds received from the sale of Addison.
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Costs and expenses
The following tables present our oil and natural gas production costs and average oil and natural gas production cost per Mcfe for the three years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 and for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2004 and 2005. The data presented for Appalachia only reflects costs and expenses since the date of our acquisition of North Coast. Results for the predecessor and successor periods in 2003 are combined as the going private transaction had no impact on 2003 production costs. The table also shows the changes in these amounts between periods.
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|
|||||||||||||||||
|
Year ended December 31,
|
Year to year change
|
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---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002
|
2003
|
2004
|
2002-2003
|
2003-2004
|
||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||
Oil and natural gas production costs per Mcfe: | |||||||||||||||||
Oil and natural gas operating costs: | |||||||||||||||||
U.S. (excluding Appalachia) | $ | 1.20 | $ | 1.10 | $ | 0.97 | $ | (0.10 | ) | $ | (0.13 | ) | |||||
Appalachia | | | 0.70 | | n/a | ||||||||||||
Total | 1.20 | 1.10 | 0.84 | (0.10 | ) | (0.26 | ) | ||||||||||
|
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Production and ad valorem taxes: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. (excluding Appalachia) | $ | 0.32 | $ | 0.40 | $ | 0.44 | $ | 0.08 | $ | 0.04 | |||||||
Appalachia | | | 0.28 | | n/a | ||||||||||||
Total | 0.32 | 0.40 | 0.37 | 0.08 | (0.03 | ) | |||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||
Total oil and natural gas production costs: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. (excluding Appalachia) | $ | 1.52 | $ | 1.50 | $ | 1.41 | $ | (0.02 | ) | $ | (0.09 | ) | |||||
Appalachia | | | 0.98 | | n/a | ||||||||||||
Total | 1.52 | 1.50 | 1.21 | (0.02 | ) | (0.29 | ) | ||||||||||
|
84
Our oil and natural gas operating costs for the year ended December 31, 2004 increased $6.1 million, or 45%, from the same period in 2003. The primary reasons for the increases in oil and natural gas operating costs are:
Our oil and natural gas operating costs for the year ended December 31, 2003 decreased $1.3 million, or 9%, from the same period in 2002. This decrease is primarily the result of the absence of approximately $1.6 million in oil and natural gas operating costs incurred on oil and natural gas properties in the United States (excluding Appalachia) that were sold in late 2002 and in 2003. This decrease was partially offset by an increase in oil and natural gas operating costs of $0.7 million resulting from an acquisition of properties in the DJ Basin of Colorado and additional interests in our Vinegarone properties. Oil and natural gas production costs on a unit of production basis decreased $0.10 per Mcfe to $1.10 per Mcfe for the year ended December 31, 2003. This decrease is primarily due to the sale during 2002 and 2003 of oil and natural gas properties with higher per unit operating costs.
85
Production and ad valorem taxes for the year ended December 31, 2004 increased by $3.4 million, or 68%, over the same period in 2003. These increases are primarily attributable to our acquisition of North Coast which increased production and ad valorem taxes by $3.2 million and were partially offset by the absence of production taxes from oil and natural gas properties that were sold in 2003 and 2004. Production taxes are set by the state governments and vary as to the tax rate and the value to which that rate is applied. Further, ad valorem taxes in Texas and other states are based partially on the value of oil and natural gas reserves, which have increased as a result of the higher oil and natural gas prices. These taxes are generally based upon the price received for production.
Production and ad valorem taxes for the year ended December 31, 2003 increased by $1.0 million, or 26%, over 2002 from $4.0 million to $5.0 million. This increase is primarily attributable to higher production taxes as a result of the significantly increased prices received for production and $399,000 in production taxes on the DJ Basin and additional interest in the Vinegarone properties. These increases were partially offset by lower production taxes incurred on oil and natural gas properties that were sold in late 2002 and in 2003. These taxes are generally based upon the price received for production.
Our oil and natural gas operating costs for the nine month period ended September 30, 2005 decreased $820,000, or 4%, from the same period in 2004. The decrease resulted from sales during 2004 and 2005 of oil and natural gas properties that reduced operating costs by $3.3 million. These lower costs were offset by increases in operating costs totaling $2.5 million from the following:
For our U.S. operations (excluding Appalachia), oil and natural gas operating costs per unit for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 decreased $0.19 to $0.83 per Mcfe compared to 2004 as the properties we sold had relatively high per unit operating costs. The oil and natural gas operating cost per unit for Appalachia increased from $0.74 per Mcfe for the nine month period ended September 30, 2004 to $0.82 per Mcfe for the nine month period ended September 30, 2005. The increase is primarily a result of higher actual oil and natural gas operating costs (excluding the effect of the additional 26 days of operating results in 2005) without a comparable increase in oil and natural gas production volumes. Oil and natural gas operating costs increased primarily due to higher personnel related costs of goods and services used in our operations.
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Production and ad valorem taxes for the nine month period ended September 30, 2005 increased by $1.7 million, or 29%, over the same period in 2004. These increases are primarily attributable to the increase in oil and natural gas revenues resulting from increased sales volumes of natural gas and higher oil and natural gas sales prices. The increases were partially offset by the absence of production taxes from oil and natural gas properties that we sold in 2004 and 2005. Production taxes are set by the state and local governments and vary as to the tax rate and the value to which that rate is applied. Further, ad valorem taxes in Texas and other states are based partially on the value of oil and natural gas reserves, which have increased as a result of the higher oil and natural gas prices.
Our depreciation, depletion and amortization costs for the year ended December 31, 2004 increased by $18.0 million, or 171%, from the same period in 2003. The primary reasons for this increase are:
Our depreciation, depletion and amortization costs for the year ended December 31, 2003 increased by $1.5 million, or 17%, to $10.5 million from $9.0 million for the same period in 2002. The primary reasons for this increase are:
Partially offsetting the above increases was a decrease in production volumes in 2003 as compared with 2002 which reduced depletion expense by approximately $0.1 million and a decrease in the 2003 depletion rate, prior to the going private transaction, which reduced depletion expense by approximately $0.2 million.
Our depreciation, depletion and amortization costs for the nine month period ended September 30, 2005 increased by $3.5 million, or 17%, from the same period in 2004. The primary reasons for this increase resulted from an increase in the per unit depletion rate and an increase in the equivalent sales volume during the period. The increase in the rate is due primarily to the average per unit prices paid for property acquisitions made during 2004 and 2005 being in excess of the prior period per unit depletion rate.
Accretion of discount on asset retirement obligations is the result of the adoption, as of January 1, 2003, of SFAS No. 143, "Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations." This non-cash
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expense measures the changes in the liability for an asset retirement obligation due to the passage of time by applying an interest method of allocation to the amount of the liability at the beginning of the period. See "Note 3. Summary of significant accounting policiesDeferred abandonment and asset retirement obligations" of the notes to our consolidated financial statements.
The following tables present our general and administrative costs for the three years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 and for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2004 and 2005. Results for the predecessor and successor periods in 2003 are combined as the going private transaction had no impact on the accounting for our 2003 general and administrative costs. The table also shows the changes in these amounts between periods.
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Nine months ended
September 30, |
Period to period
change |
||||||||||
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(in thousands, except per unit amounts)
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2004
|
2005
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2004-2005
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General and administrative costs: | ||||||||||||
Gross G&A expense | $ | 14,039 | $ | 18,140 | $ | 4,101 | ||||||
Operator overhead reimbursements | (1,630 | ) | (1,284 | ) | 346 | |||||||
Capitalized acquisition, development and exploitation charges | (962 | ) | (1,187 | ) | (225 | ) | ||||||
|
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Net G&A expense | $ | 11,447 | $ | 15,669 | $ | 4,222 | ||||||
|
||||||||||||
General and administrative expense per Mcfe |
|
$ |
0.66 |
|
$ |
0.89 |
|
$ |
0.23 |
|
||
|
Our general and administrative costs for the year ended December 31, 2004 increased by $245,000, or 2%, over the same period in 2003. This increase was primarily attributable to:
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This increase was partially offset by:
Our general and administrative costs for the year ended December 31, 2003 increased by $8.4 million, or 124%, over the same period in 2002. This increase was primarily attributable to:
Our general and administrative costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 increased by $4.2 million, or 37%, over the same period in 2004. The increase was primarily attributable to:
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The following tables present our interest expense for the three years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 and for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2004 and 2005. Results for the predecessor and successor periods in 2003 are combined as the going private transaction had no impact on the accounting for 2003 interest expense. The table also shows the changes in these amounts between periods.
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Nine months ended
September 30, |
Period to period
change |
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(In thousands)
|
2004
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2005
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2004-2005
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Interest expense: | |||||||||||
7 1 / 4 % senior notes due 2011 | $ | 20,679 | $ | 24,765 | $ | 4,086 | |||||
U.S. credit agreement | 356 | 436 | 80 | ||||||||
$50 million senior term loan | 222 | | (222 | ) | |||||||
Amortization and write-off of deferred financing costs | 3,596 | 1,297 | (2,299 | ) | |||||||
Interest rate swaps and other | 635 | 4 | (631 | ) | |||||||
|
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Total interest expense | $ | 25,488 | $ | 26,502 | $ | 1,014 | |||||
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Our interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2004 increased $31.6 million from 2003. The increase is primarily due to the issuance on January 20, 2004 of $350.0 million aggregate principal amount and on April 13, 2004 of $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of 7 1 / 4 % senior notes due 2011. Additionally, the amortization of deferred financing costs related to the senior notes and the amendment and restatement of our credit facility increased interest expense by $3.7 million. Amortization of deferred financing costs in 2004 includes approximately $1.7 million in costs relating to the senior term loan that was repaid in full in January 2004 and fees incurred on an interim loan facility related to the North Coast acquisition. No funds were borrowed under the interim loan facility. Our long-term debt balance at December 31, 2004 was $487.5 million compared to $99.5 million at December 31, 2003. As a result of the issuance of the senior notes on January 20, 2004 and April 13, 2004, our interest expense was significantly higher in 2004 than it was in 2003.
Our interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2003 increased $1.8 million, or 150%, to $3.0 million from $1.2 million for the same period in 2002. This increase was primarily due to greater amounts of outstanding borrowings resulting from the going private transaction, our
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acquisition of the DJ Basin properties, the acquisition of the additional interests in the Vinegarone properties, other smaller property acquisitions and borrowings for working capital needs.
Our interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 increased $1.0 million from the same period in 2004 due to a $3.6 million increase in interest expense attributable to $100.0 million of senior notes issued on April 13, 2004 and to a $309,000 adjustment to interest expense related to these notes and the prior year. The increases of $3.9 million in 2005 are partially offset by lower interest costs associated with (i) $2.3 million of amortization and write-offs of deferred financing costs related to a bridge facility incurred in connection with the North Coast acquisition, (ii) the absence of $631,000 of expense from interest rate swaps we assumed in 2004 upon the acquisition of North Coast, and (iii) reduced interest expense from our credit agreement of $222,000. No funds were borrowed under the bridge facility related to the North Coast acquisition.
Periodically, we invest in the marketable securities of other companies prior to initiating discussions of potential business combinations with those companies. We consider these investments to be "available for sale", which means that unrealized gains and losses are excluded from earnings and included in other comprehensive income unless the decline in the fair value of the investment is "other than temporary." During the year ended December 31, 2002, we determined that, due to the significant decline in market value of two of our investments, the decline in the fair value of those two investments was "other than temporary" and, as a result, we recognized a non-cash pre-tax impairment expense of $1.1 million. We did not have similar impairment charges during 2003 or 2004.
A reconciliation of our income tax provision (benefit) computed by applying the statutory United States federal income tax rate to our income (loss) before income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2002, the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003, the
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156 day period from July 29, 2003 to December 31, 2003, and for the year ended December 31, 2004, is presented in the following table:
A reconciliation of our income tax benefit computed by applying the statutory United States federal income tax rate to our income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 and 2005 is presented in the following table:
Prior to the completion of the going private transaction, we did not record any income tax benefit in the U.S. associated with losses generated in the U.S., as it was uncertain whether we would be able to utilize our net deferred tax asset. Accordingly, the tax effects of our U.S. generated losses were offset by an increase in our valuation allowance. This resulted in an
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overall higher effective tax rate for the 209 day period ended July 28, 2003, as we increased our U.S. valuation allowance by approximately $2.5 million.
Effective July 29, 2003 and in conjunction with our going private transaction, the deferred tax asset valuation allowance was reduced in the purchase price allocation as EXCO Resources (successor basis) was in a deferred tax liability position; however, we have maintained a valuation allowance of approximately $2.6 million for net operating loss carryforwards that are subject to limitations and are expected to expire before being utilized.
For the 156 day period ended December 31, 2003, we included $4.9 million of tax benefit attributable to a phase in of reduced income tax rates enacted in Canada effective November of 2003. The impact of this benefit created an effective tax rate of 98.0%. When the effects of this benefit are excluded, the effective rate decreases to 35.7%. These benefits from Canadian taxes are reflected in continuing operations as required by SFAS No. 109 and EITF 93-13, which require that a tax effect of a change in enacted tax rates be allocated to continuing operations without regard to whether the item giving rise to the effect is a component of discontinued operations.
The effective tax rate on our loss from continuing operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 and the year ended December 31, 2004 was 26.8% and 34.7%, respectively. Both periods include a $909,000 tax benefit from reductions to income tax rates and provisions for the deduction of crown royalties in Canada which became effective in May 2004. This benefit is reflected as a component of continuing operations pursuant to SFAS No. 109 and EITF 93-13 previously discussed.
On October 22, 2004, the President signed the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004, or the Act. The Act creates a temporary incentive for U.S. corporations to repatriate accumulated income earned abroad by providing an 85% dividends received deduction for certain dividends from controlled foreign corporations. We repatriated Cdn. $74.5 million ($59.6 million) in an extraordinary dividend, as defined in the Act, from Addison on February 9, 2005. We recognized a tax liability of $8.2 million as of December 31, 2004 related to the extraordinary dividend. As a result of certain technical advice issued by the U.S. Treasury Department, we reduced the tax liability by $2.1 million during the three months ended June 30, 2005. EXCO Resources filed amended quarterly reports on Form 10-Q/A that included restated financial statements for the quarters ended June 30, 2005 and September 30, 2005 to reflect the tax benefit in the earlier quarter and to classify the benefit as a component of continuing rather than discontinued operations in the September 30, 2005 quarter. This additional tax benefit is recognized as a component of taxes from continuing operations pursuant to SFAS No. 109 and EITF 93-13, which require that a tax effect of a change in enacted rates be allocated to continuing operations without regard to whether the item giving rise to the effect is a component of discontinued operations.
In June 2005, the state of Ohio enacted new legislation that changed the method of taxing businesses that operate in Ohio. We have significant operations in the state of Ohio through our North Coast subsidiary. As a result of the new tax legislation in Ohio, we recognized a deferred income tax benefit in the amount of $132,000 during the nine months ended September 30, 2005. The remaining income tax benefit for the three month period ended September 30, 2005 on income from continuing operations is primarily the result of state income tax benefits on our North Coast operations. The nine months ended September 30,
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2005 also includes a $2.1 million tax benefit related to an extraordinary dividend received from Addison, our former wholly-owned Canadian subsidiary.
Our effective tax rate on losses from continuing operations for the nine month period ended September 30, 2005 approximated 42.2% as compared to an effective tax rate that approximated 26.8% for the nine month period ended September 30, 2004. The increase in the effective tax rate is a result of the benefit of $2.1 million related to clarification of the Act, the deferred income tax benefit of $132,000 recognized for changes in the Ohio tax laws and the result of higher state taxes in states in which North Coast operates, partially offset by the deferred income tax benefit of $909,000 during the nine months ended September 30, 2004 as a result of enacted changes in Canadian tax laws.
The Company incurred significant losses from mark-to-market transactions associated with its derivatives during the three months ended September 30, 2005. The resulting deferred tax benefits from these losses are presented as deferred tax assets on the September 30, 2005 condensed consolidated balance sheet. No valuation allowance has been established due to the anticipated step-up in the book basis of oil and natural gas producing properties as a result of the October 3, 2005 Equity Buyout, which will create deferred tax liabilities that will more than offset these deferred tax assets.
On February 10, 2005, we sold all of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of Addison and two intercompany notes that Addison owed to ROJO. The aggregate purchase price after contractual adjustments was Cdn $551.3 million ($443.3 million) less the payment of the outstanding balance under Addison's credit facility of Cdn. $90.1 million ($72.1 million). We have recognized a gain from the sale of Addison of $175.7 million before income tax expense of $50.1 million related to the gain. The income tax is composed of:
Income taxes from discontinued operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 reflects the income tax on the gain of $50.1 million as discussed above, an income tax benefit of $1.3 million from Addison's operations during the period January 1, 2005 to February 10, 2005, and approximately $500,000 of Canadian income taxes withheld on interest paid by Addison in 2005 on the intercompany notes.
The loss from discontinued operations of $4.4 million before the gain on the sale of Addison and income taxes from discontinued operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 includes:
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The cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle, net of income tax, is the result of the adoption of SFAS No. 143 on January 1, 2003. In accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 143, we recognized a $255,000 benefit from the cumulative effect of change in accounting principle, net of $696,000 of associated deferred income taxes.
Stock based and other compensation expense
During the fourth quarter of 2005, we will record stock based and other compensation expense for the following items:
For financial accounting purposes, the Class B shares were considered to be a "variable" plan since a holder of the shares had to be employed at the date of the change of control to receive fair value for the Class B shares. As a result, we did not recognize compensation expense prior to the consummation of the change of control event.
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Plan, or the Retention Plan. The Retention Plan was accelerated, paid in full and terminated upon consummation of the Equity Buyout.
Our liquidity, capital resources and capital commitments
General
Most of our growth has resulted from recent acquisitions and our development and exploitation program. Consistent with our strategy of acquiring and developing reserves, we have an objective of maintaining financing flexibility. In the past, we have utilized a variety of sources of capital to fund our acquisition, development and exploitation programs and to fund our operations. Our general financial strategy is to use a combination of cash received from the sales of oil and natural gas properties, cash flow from operations, bank financing and the sale or issuance of equity and debt securities to fund our operations, conduct development and exploitation activities and to fund acquisitions. We do not have a set budget for acquisitions as these tend to be opportunity driven. Historically, we have used the proceeds from the issuance of equity and debt securities and borrowings under our credit agreements to raise cash to fund acquisitions. Our ability to borrow from sources other than our credit agreement is subject to restrictions imposed by our lenders. In addition, our indenture governing our senior notes contains restrictions on incurring indebtedness and pledging our assets.
On February 10, 2005, we sold Addison for $443.3 million after contractual adjustments. The net cash proceeds may only be utilized by us in accordance with the terms of the indenture governing the senior notes and our credit facility. In addition, $120.6 million of these proceeds are pledged as collateral under the credit facility and the senior notes. The credit agreement security interest on these proceeds was released in conjunction with the commencement of the senior notes purchase offer on November 2, 2005 related to the sale of Addison, or the Addison senior notes purchase offer. Upon completion of the Addison senior notes purchase offer, the senior notes security interest will also be released.
On January 20, 2004, we issued $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of 7 1 / 4 % senior notes due January 15, 2011. Additionally, on April 13, 2004, we completed a private placement of an additional $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 7 1 / 4 % senior notes due January 15, 2011 having the same terms and governed by the same indenture as the notes issued on January 20, 2004. The notes issued April 13, 2004 were issued at a price of 103.25% of the principal amount plus interest accrued since January 20, 2004. We used approximately $98.8 million of the proceeds from the April 2004 offering to repay substantially all of the indebtedness outstanding under our Canadian credit agreement.
We had negative operating cash flow after changes in working capital of approximately $80.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. This was primarily the result of $67.6 million paid in January and March 2005 to terminate certain of our commodity price risk management contracts, of which $15.0 million was related to the sale of Addison and
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$52.6 million was related to our U.S. production, and approximately $50.1 million in U.S. and Canadian taxes incurred on the gain from the sale of Addison. These payments were funded by cash received from the sale of Addison. At September 30, 2005, our cash and cash equivalents balance was $236.4 million, an increase of $210.0 million from December 31, 2004 primarily as a result of the sale of Addison on February 10, 2005. On January 18, 2005 and July 15, 2005, we made interest payments on our 7 1 / 4 % senior notes totaling $32.6 million. Our working capital at September 30, 2005 increased to $189.3 million from a working capital deficit of $29.8 million at December 31, 2004 primarily as a result of the sale of Addison. See "Commodity price risk management activities" below for a discussion of various transactions completed during the nine months ended September 30, 2005 with respect to our derivative contracts.
Acquisitions and capital expenditures
On January 27, 2004, we completed the North Coast acquisition. We funded the North Coast acquisition from the net proceeds from the $350.0 million offering of the senior notes.
The following table presents our capital expenditures for the three years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. Results for the predecessor and successor periods in 2003 are combined as the going private transaction had no impact on the accounting for our 2003 capital expenditures.
On July 29, 2004, we acquired natural gas properties located in Rusk County, Texas for a total purchase price of $35.9 million ($35.6 million after contractual adjustments). Additionally, in August 2004, we paid $2.3 million to acquire additional interests in certain of the same properties after the seller was able to satisfy certain contractual obligations. Estimated total Proved Reserves acquired, net to our interest and as of the date of acquisition, include approximately 224 Mbbls of oil and 18.1 Bcf of natural gas. We funded the acquisition with $32.0 million in borrowings under our credit agreement and from surplus cash. The properties acquired consist of 32 producing natural gas wells, which we now operate, and a significant number of proved undeveloped and unproved drilling locations.
In November and December 2004 we acquired working interests in, and became operator of, 228 oil and natural gas wells and related natural gas gathering systems in Centre and Clearfield Counties, Pennsylvania. Estimated total Proved Reserves acquired, net to our interests and as of the date of acquisition, include approximately 23.3 Bcf of natural gas. We believe that there are 54 additional unproved drilling locations on these properties. The total purchase price, before contractual adjustments, was approximately $43.5 million and was funded with borrowings under our credit agreement.
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On January 21, 2005, we acquired natural gas properties located in the Minden Field in East Texas for a total purchase price of $17.9 million (approximately $17.7 million net of contractual adjustments). Estimated total Proved Reserves acquired, net to our interest and as of the date of acquisition, include approximately 35 Mbbls of oil and 8.8 Bcf of natural gas. We funded the acquisition with $13.3 million in borrowings under our credit agreement and from surplus cash. The properties acquired consist of 13 producing natural gas wells, which we now operate, and a number of proved and unproved drilling locations. We also acquired a small natural gas gathering system as part of this acquisition for an additional $700,000.
In the third quarter of 2005, we acquired natural gas properties located in the Appalachia area for an aggregate purchase price of $81.7 million. Estimated total Proved Reserves, net to our interest and as of the date of acquisition, include approximately 48.7 Bcf of natural gas. We funded these acqusitions with surplus cash. The properties acquired consist of 744 producing natural gas wells, which we now operate, as well as 512 future drilling locations, of which 320 are classified as proved.
For the year 2005, we have budgeted approximately $60.1 million for drilling, exploitation and development capital expenditures in the United States. As of September 30, 2005, we had incurred $39.9 million and we were contractually obligated to spend $4.2 million for our drilling and exploitation activities.
On a pro forma basis, we have budgeted approximately $159.1 million in 2006 for drilling, exploitation and operational capital expenditures, including $66.7 million for TXOK. We have also budgeted approximately $7.0 million in 2006 for our additional acquisition-related expenditures and approximately $1.6 million for information technology expenditures.
We expect to utilize our current cash balance, cash flow from operations and available funds under our credit agreement to fund our acquisitions, capital expenditures and working capital. During the nine months ended September 30, 2005, we completed seven sales of oil and natural gas properties. As of January 1, 2005, estimated total Proved Reserves net to our interest from these properties included approximately 0.3 Mmbbls of oil and NGLs and 18.4 Bcf of natural gas. The total sales proceeds we received were approximately $45.4 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2004, we recorded revenue of approximately $5.0 million and oil and natural gas production costs of approximately $913,000 on these properties. During the nine months ended September 30, 2005, we recorded revenues of approximately $3.7 million and oil and natural gas production costs of approximately $1.2 million on these properties through the date of their respective dispositions. We also plan on selling additional non-strategic assets during the remainder of 2005.
We believe that our capital resources from existing cash balances, cash flow from operating activities and borrowing capacity under our credit facility are adequate to meet the cash requirements of our business. However, future cash flows are subject to a number of variables including production volumes and oil and natural gas prices. If cash flows decline we would be required to reduce our capital expenditure budget which in turn may affect our production in future periods. Cash flow from operations and other capital resources may not provide cash in sufficient amounts to maintain or initiate planned levels of capital expenditures. We have experienced increased costs for tubular goods and for certain services during 2004 and 2005. Further, we have encountered difficulties in contracting for drilling rigs and other services due to high demand. Currently, we do not believe that these conditions have had a significant
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impact upon our capital expenditures programs or our results of operations. If these conditions continue, however, projects may be delayed due to lack of services or materials or we may have to delay projects to stay within our capital budget.
In accordance with the terms of the indenture governing our senior notes, at the time of the closing of the Addison disposition, the security interest of the holders of our senior notes in two-thirds of the common stock of Addison was released and a second lien security interest (behind the first lien security interest under our credit agreement) was effected in $120.6 million of cash equivalents, which represents two-thirds of the net cash proceeds from the sale of the Addison stock. An additional $75.9 million of proceeds from the Addison disposition were applied to temporarily pay down borrowings under our credit agreement to a nominal amount. The remaining Addison disposition proceeds of $130.3 million have been invested in short-term investments as permitted under our credit agreement and the indenture governing our senior notes. The net cash proceeds from the Addison disposition as determined under the indenture governing our senior notes was $326.8 million and may be used only in accordance with the terms of the indenture. Section 4.07 of the indenture provides that the net cash proceeds from an asset disposition must be used to permanently reduce debt, reinvest in our business or make an offer to the holders to repurchase their senior notes. As of the date of this prospectus, all but $120.6 million of net proceeds have been used to repay debt or have been reinvested in our business.
On November 2, 2005, we commenced an offer to the holders of senior notes to repurchase up to $120.6 million of senior notes at 100% of the principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest of the notes pursuant to Section 4.07 of the indenture. Simultaneously therewith, we commenced an offer to repurchase all outstanding senior notes at 101% of the principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest in connection with the change in control provision contained in the indenture as a result of the Equity Buyout. Upon completion of the offer to repurchase related to the Addison sale, the second lien security interest on $120.6 million of the proceeds from the sale and the general restrictions under section 4.07 of the indenture on the entire proceeds shall terminate.
7 1 / 4 % senior notes due January 15, 2011
On January 20, 2004, we issued $350.0 million principal amount of our 7 1 / 4 % senior notes due January 15, 2011 pursuant to Rule 144A and Regulation S under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, at a price of 100% of the principal amount. Approximately $168.3 million of the proceeds of the issuance of the senior notes was used to finance the acquisition of outstanding common stock, options and warrants of North Coast along with associated fees and expenses. Of the remaining proceeds, $113.8 million was used to repay a portion of our debt under our U.S. credit agreement, North Coast's credit facility indebtedness and accrued interest and fees, $50.1 million was used to repay in full principal and interest on our senior term loan, approximately $10.6 million was used to pay fees and costs associated with the offering, with the remainder, approximately $7.2 million, available for general working capital purposes.
On April 13, 2004, we issued an additional $100.0 million principal amount of our 7 1 / 4 % senior notes due January 15, 2011 pursuant to Rule 144A at a price of 103.25% of the principal amount having the same terms and governed by the same indenture as the senior notes issued on January 20, 2004. Of the total proceeds of $103.3 million, approximately $98.8 million was
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used to repay substantially all of our outstanding indebtedness under the Canadian credit agreement, approximately $1.2 million was used for fees and expenses associated with the offering, with the remainder, approximately $3.3 million, available for general working capital purposes.
As required by the senior notes registration rights agreements, we exchanged the senior notes for a new issue of substantially identical notes registered under the Securities Act. The exchange offer expired on May 28, 2004 and holders of all but $300,000 of the senior notes accepted our offer. The exchange offer was closed on June 1, 2004.
Interest is payable on the senior notes semi-annually in arrears on January 15 and July 15 of each year. The senior notes mature on January 15, 2011. Prior to January 15, 2007, we may redeem all, but not less than all, of the senior notes in cash at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the senior notes plus a premium. We may redeem some or all of the senior notes beginning on January 15, 2007 for the redemption price set forth in the senior notes. On November 2, 2005, we commenced two offers to the holders of our senior notes to purchase their senior notes at 100% and 101%, respectively, of the principal amount of the senior notes plus accrued and unpaid interest. The offer at 100% of the principal amount of the senior notes, or the Addison sale offer, was made pursuant to Section 4.07 of the indenture governing the senior notes. Section 4.07 restricted our use of the net proceeds from the sale of Addison. The Addison sale offer was for up to $120.6 million of senior notes, which represented the net proceeds remaining from the sale of Addison. This offer expired on December 2, 2005 and $5,000 in principal amount of senior notes were tendered pursuant to this offer. The remaining net proceeds from the sale of Addison have been released from the pledge of collateral under the indenture and will no longer be restricted as to their use under Section 4.07.
The Equity Buyout constitutes a change of control under the indenture. As required by the indenture, we commenced an offer to purchase all $450.0 million of senior notes outstanding at 101% of the principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest through the date of purchase (the change of control offer). The change of control offer expired on December 9, 2005 and $5.3 million in principal amount of senior notes were tendered pursuant to the change in control offer, which was paid with available cash on hand, including the remaining net proceeds from the sale of Addison.
The indenture governing the senior notes contains covenants which limit our ability and the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to:
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Credit agreement
On January 27, 2004, our credit agreement was amended and restated to provide for borrowings up to $250.0 million with a borrowing base of $120.0 million. The amendment also provided for an extension of the credit agreement maturity date to January 27, 2007. Upon the issuance of the $100.0 million in additional 7 1 / 4 % senior notes on April 13, 2004, the credit agreement borrowing base was reduced to $95.0 million. Effective June 28, 2004, the borrowing base was redetermined at $145.0 million. Effective October 8, 2004 and again on August 12, 2005, the borrowing base was reaffirmed at $145.0 million. The borrowing base will be redetermined each May 1 and November 1 thereafter. Our borrowing base is determined based on a number of factors including commodity prices. We use derivative financial instruments to lessen the impact of volatility in commodity prices. At September 30, 2005, we had $1,000 of outstanding indebtedness. Pursuant to the interim bank loan incurred by Holdings II in connection with the Equity Buyout on October 3, 2005, total advances under our credit agreement cannot exceed $10.0 million until the interim bank loan is repaid in full. Borrowings under our amended and restated credit agreement are collateralized by a first lien mortgage providing a security interest in 90% of our U.S. oil and natural gas properties including North Coast. In addition, a first lien security interest was effected in $120.6 million of cash equivalents, which represents two-thirds of the net cash proceeds from the sale of the Addison stock. This security interest was released in conjunction with the commencement of the Addison senior notes purchase offer on November 2, 2005. At our election, interest on borrowings may be (i) the greater of the administrative agent's prime rate or the federal funds effective rate plus 0.50% plus an applicable margin or (ii) LIBOR plus an applicable margin. At September 30, 2005, the six month LIBOR rate was 4.23%, which would result in an interest rate of approximately 5.48% on any new indebtedness we may incur under the credit agreement.
On September 30, 2005, we entered into the Fourth Amendment to the credit agreement, which amended the credit agreement to, among other things (i) permit the acquisition of EXCO Holdings by Holdings II, (ii) adjust the restriction on sales of assets by the borrowers and certain subsidiary guarantors under the credit agreement and the application of the proceeds from such sales of assets and (iii) permit the redemption of our senior notes pursuant to the terms of the indenture.
Financial covenants and ratios. Our amended and restated credit agreement contains certain financial covenants and other restrictions which require that we:
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Additionally, the credit agreement contains a number of other covenants regarding our liquidity and capital resources, including restrictions on our ability to incur additional indebtedness, restrictions on our ability to pledge assets, and a prohibition on the payment of dividends on our common stock.
As of September 30, 2005, we were in compliance with the covenants contained in our credit agreement.
Senior term loan. On October 17, 2003, we entered into a $50.0 million senior term credit agreement. We borrowed all $50.0 million under the senior term agreement and we used the proceeds to repay a portion of our indebtedness under our credit agreement. The senior term loan was paid in full on January 27, 2004 from the proceeds of the $350.0 million of 7 1 / 4 % senior notes issued on January 20, 2004.
Dividend restrictions. We have not paid any cash dividends on our common stock. In addition, our credit agreement and the indenture governing our senior notes currently prohibit us from paying dividends on our common stock. Even if our credit agreement and the indenture governing our senior notes permitted us to pay cash dividends, we can make those payments only from our surplus (the excess of the fair value of our total assets over the sum of our liabilities plus our total paid-in share capital). In addition, we can pay cash dividends only if after paying those dividends we would be able to pay our liabilities as they become due.
Derivative financial instruments
We may use derivative financial instruments to manage exposure to commodity prices, foreign currency and interest rate risks. Our objectives for holding derivatives are to minimize risks using the most effective methods to eliminate or reduce the impacts of these exposures.
Commodity price risk management activities
Our production is generally sold at prevailing market prices. However, we periodically enter into commodity price risk management contracts for a portion of our production to support our acquisiton strategy and when market conditions are deemed favorable and oil and natural gas prices exceed our minimum internal price targets.
Our objective in entering into commodity price risk management contracts is to manage price fluctuations, protect our returns on investments, and achieve a more predictable cash flow in connection with our acquisition activities and borrowings related to these activities. These
102
transactions limit exposure to declines in prices, but also limit the benefits we would realize if prices increase. During January and March 2005, we closed several of our commodity price risk management contracts upon the payment of $67.6 million to our counterparties, of which $15.0 million was related to the sale of Addison and $52.6 million was related to our production. We also entered into new commodity price risk management contracts at higher prices.
As of September 30, 2005, on pro forma basis, we had contracts in place for the volumes and prices shown in the tables below:
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Floors
|
Ceilings
|
||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(In thousands, except
average contract prices) |
Gas volume
Mmbtus |
Weighted average contract price per Mmbtu
|
Oil volumeBbls
|
Weighted average contract price per Bbl
|
Gas volumeMmbtus
|
Weighted average contract price per Mmbtu
|
Oil volumeBbls
|
Weighted average contract price per Bbl
|
||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Q4 2005 | 267 | $ | 4.25 | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | ||||||||
2006 | 5,475 | 6.15 | 108 | 50.35 | 5,475 | 10.00 | 108 | 60.00 | ||||||||||||
|
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As of September 30, 2005, we had contracts in place for the volumes and prices shown in the tables below:
|
|||||
|
Floor
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(in thousands, except
average contract prices) |
Gas volume
Mmbtus |
Weighted average
contract price per Mmbtu |
|||
Q4 2005 | 267 | $ | 4.25 | ||
|
As of September 30, 2005, TXOK had contracts in place for the volumes and prices shown in the tables below:
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Floors
|
Ceilings
|
||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(in thousands, except
average contract prices) |
Gas volume
Mmbtus |
Weighted average contract price per Mmbtu
|
Oil volume
Bbls |
Weighted average contract perce per Bbl
|
Gas volume
Mmbtus |
Weighted average contract price per Mmbtu
|
Oil volume
Bbls |
Weighted average contract price per Bbl
|
||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Q4 2005 | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | ||||||||
2006 | 5,475 | 6.15 | 108 | 50.35 | 5,475 | 10.00 | 108 | 60.00 | ||||||||||||
|
We occasionally enter into fixed-price physical delivery contracts as well as commodity price swap derivatives to manage price risk with regard to a portion of our oil and natural gas production.
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Off-balance sheet arrangements
On October 3, 2005, we entered into an agreement with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as agent for certain lenders, in connection with the interim bank loan. The principal amount outstanding of the interim bank loan is $350.0 million. Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, we agreed to redeem all of our outstanding senior notes if the interim bank loan is not repaid on or prior to July 3, 2006. Upon completion of the redemption, if any, we and our subsidiaries will deliver guarantees of the exchange notes issuable by EXCO Holdings upon maturity of the interim bank loan.
Contractual obligations and commercial commitments
The following table presents a summary of our contractual obligations at September 30, 2005, together with existing contractual obligations accelerated on October 3, 2005 and new contractual obligations entered into on November 4, 2005, with set and determinable payments.
Quantitative and qualitative disclosure about market risk
Some of the information below contains forward-looking statements. The primary objective of the following information is to provide forward-looking quantitative and qualitative information about our potential exposure to market risks. The term "market risk" refers to the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in oil and natural gas prices, interest rates charged on borrowings and earned on cash equivalent investments, and adverse changes in the market value of marketable securities. The disclosure is not meant to be a precise indicator of expected future losses, but rather an indicator of reasonably possible losses. This forward-looking information provides an indicator of how we view and manage our ongoing market risk
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exposures. Our market risk sensitive instruments were entered into for hedging and investment purposes, not for trading purposes.
Commodity price risk
Our major market risk exposure is in the pricing applicable to our oil and natural gas production. Realized pricing is primarily driven by the prevailing worldwide price for crude oil and spot market prices for natural gas. Pricing for oil and natural gas production is volatile.
The following table sets forth our commodity price risk management activities as of September 30, 2005.
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At September 30, 2005, the average forward NYMEX oil prices per Bbl for the remainder of calendar 2005 and for 2006 were $66.62 and $66.72, respectively, and the average forward NYMEX natural gas prices per Mmbtu for the remainder of calendar 2005 and for 2006 were $14.07 and $11.46, respectively.
Realized gains or losses from the settlement of derivative financial instruments are recorded in our financial statements as increases or decreases in commodity price risk management activities. For example, using the oil swaps in place at September 30, 2005, if the settlement price exceeded the actual weighted average strike price of $52.84, then a reduction in commodity price risk management activities revenue would have been recorded for the difference between the settlement price and $52.84 multiplied by the hedged volume of 55,000 Bbls. Conversely, if the settlement price was less than $52.84, then an increase in commodity price risk management activities revenue would have been recorded for the difference between the settlement price and $52.84 multiplied by the hedged volume of 55,000 Bbls. For example, for a hedged volume of 55,000 Bbls, if the settlement price was $53.84, then commodity price risk management activities revenue would have decreased by $55,000. Conversely, if the settlement price was $51.84, commodity price risk management activities revenue would have increased by $55,000.
Interest rate risk
At September 30, 2005, our exposure to interest rates related primarily to borrowings under our credit agreement and interest earned on short-term investments. The interest rate is fixed at 7 1 / 4 % on our $450.0 million in senior notes. As of September 30, 2005, we were not using any derivatives to manage interest rate risk. Interest is payable on borrowings under our credit agreement based on a floating rate as more fully described in "Management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operationsOur liquidity, capital resources and capital commitments." At September 30, 2005, we had $1,000 in outstanding borrowings under our credit agreement. The interest we pay on these borrowings is set periodically based upon market rates. A 1% change in the market value would not have a significant effect on interest on these borrowings.
Marketable securities risk
As a result of our sale of Addison, we have a substantial cash position as of September 30, 2005. In addition, we only have a nominal amount of indebtedness outstanding under our credit facility. In compliance with the indenture governing our senior notes, we have invested our cash in short-term commercial paper having an average maturity of 30 days or in overnight funds at J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. The commercial paper is issued by issuers having a credit rating of A1/P1 or better. Our principal risks with respect to these investments are interest rate risk and default risk. At September 30, 2005, we had approximately $204.5 million of such cash equivalent investments. On November 2, 2005, in conjunction with the Addison sale offer, we deposited $120.6 million with an indenture trustee. The funds are invested in U.S. government securities. A 1% change in market value would affect interest on these investments by approximately $2.0 million per year.
Foreign currency exchange rate risk
At September 30, 2005, we had a current receivable in the amount of Cdn. $14.6 million ($12.1 million) and a current payable in the amount of Cdn. $1.6 million ($1.4 million) related
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to the sale of Addison that are denominated in Canadian dollars. Foreign currency exchange gains and/or losses related to these amounts have not been significant. The receivable and payable are translated monthly using current exchange rates, with any resulting unrealized transaction gain or loss being recognized as other income (expense) in our statement of operations. As of September 30, 2005, we were not using any derivatives to manage foreign currency exchange rate risk. The liability was paid on October 11, 2005.
Equity price risk
Our investments in marketable equity securities are recorded at market value. We consider these investments to be "available for sale," which means that unrealized gains and losses are excluded from earnings and included in other comprehensive income unless the decline in the fair value of the investments is "other than temporary." As of September 30, 2005, we had no investments in marketable equity securities.
Other market risk
During 2000 and through September 2001, we entered into several swap transactions with Enron North America Corp., an affiliate of Enron Corp. On December 2, 2001, Enron Corp. and other Enron related entities, including Enron North America, filed for bankruptcy under Chapter 11 of the United States Code in the United States Bankruptcy Court. We terminated our Enron hedges and discontinued hedge accounting for our Enron derivatives effective December 5, 2001. At July 29, 2003, the date of the going private transaction, we had valued our asset from Enron at $2.8 million, or approximately 20% of the value on the day we terminated our positions. This valuation was based on the low range of informal offers we received for our position with Enron and other market information. In April 2004, we sold this claim to a third party for approximately $4.7 million.
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Our company
We are an independent oil and natural gas company engaged in the acquisition, development and exploitation of onshore North American oil and natural gas properties. Our operations are focused in key North American oil and natural gas areas including Appalachia, East Texas, Mid-Continent, Permian, and the Rockies. Since the beginning of 1998, on a pro forma basis, we have completed 136 acquisitions totaling 941.2 Bcfe of Proved Reserves, calculated as of the effective date of purchase, for approximately $1.4 billion. Included in these amounts are the January 2004 acquisition of North Coast for $225.1 million and the September 2005 acquisition of ONEOK Energy by TXOK for $634.8 million after contractual adjustments. The North Coast acquisition added 171.1 Bcfe of Proved Reserves, as estimated as of September 30, 2003, and established a new core operating area for us in the Appalachian Basin, which positioned us to benefit from the attractive qualities of the basin and to capitalize on consolidation opportunities in the area. The acquisition of ONEOK Energy will add 223.3 Bcfe of Proved Reserves, as estimated as of July 31, 2005, and will strengthen our position in the East Texas and Mid-Continent areas. Both acquisitions significantly increase our pro forma multi-year inventory of development drilling locations and exploitation projects.
The following table sets forth summary information regarding Proved Reserves, PV-10 of Proved Reserves and Standardized Measure of Proved Reserves as of September 30, 2005:
Our PV-10 is an estimate of future net revenues from a property at the date indicated, after deducting production and ad valorem taxes, future capital costs, abandonment costs and operating expenses, but before deducting federal income taxes. The future net revenues have
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been discounted at an annual rate of 10% to determine their "present value." The present value is shown to indicate the effect of time on the value of the net revenue stream and should not be construed as being the fair market value of the properties. Estimates have been made using constant oil, natural gas and NGL prices and operating costs at the date indicated. The prices used do not reflect any adjustments for derivatives. We believe that the PV-10 before income taxes, while not a financial measure in accordance with GAAP, is an important financial measure used by investors and independent oil and natural gas producers for evaluating the relative significance of oil and natural gas properties and acquisitions because the tax characteristics of comparable companies can differ materially.
The Standardized Measure represents the PV-10 after giving effect to income taxes, and is calculated in accordance with SFAS 69.
The following table provides a reconciliation of our PV-10 to our Standardized Measure as of September 30, 2005:
Our business strategy
We plan to achieve reserve, production, and cash flow growth by executing our strategy as highlighted below:
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areas. We also seek to opportunistically divest properties in areas in which acquisitions and investment economics no longer meet our objectives, most notably evidenced by the sale of our Canadian operations for $443.3 million in February 2005.
Our strengths
We have a number of strengths that we believe will help us successfully execute our strategy.
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Summary of geographic areas of operation
The following tables set forth summary operating information attributable to our principal geographic areas of operation as of September 30, 2005 on a pro forma basis:
|
||||||||||
Areas
|
Identified
drilling locations(4) |
Identified
exploitation projects(5) |
Total gross
acreage |
Total net
acreage |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||
Appalachia | 1,053 | 83 | 665,919 | 639,077 | (6) | |||||
East Texas(7) | 209 | 171 | 56,579 | 31,669 | ||||||
Mid-Continent(7) | 193 | 178 | 177,992 | 103,435 | ||||||
Permian | 84 | 33 | 47,755 | 27,394 | ||||||
Rockies | 59 | 55 | 56,439 | 30,108 | ||||||
Other | 3 | 17 | 8,100 | 4,461 | ||||||
|
||||||||||
Total | 1,601 | 537 | 1,012,784 | 836,144 | ||||||
|
The following table provides a reconciliation of our PV-10 to our Standardized Measure as of September 30, 2005 on a pro forma basis:
|
||||
(in millions) |
|
|
|
|
---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||
PV-10 | $ | 3,073.9 | ||
Future income taxes | (2,321.2 | ) | ||
Discount of future income taxes at 10% per annum | 1,348.4 | |||
|
||||
Standardized Measure | $ | 2,101.1 | ||
|
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|
||||||||||
Areas
|
Total
proved reserves |
PV-10
|
Average
September daily net production |
Reserve life
|
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||
East Texas | 133.9 | $ | 643.4 | 25.6 | 14.3 | |||||
Mid-Continent | 92.2 | 519.1 | 27.5 | 9.2 | ||||||
|
||||||||||
Total | 226.1 | $ | 1,162.5 | 53.1 | 11.7 | |||||
|
Our development and exploitation project areas
Appalachia
The Appalachian Basin includes portions of the states of Kentucky, Maryland, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia and Tennessee, and covers an area of over 185,000 square miles. It is the most mature oil and natural gas producing region in the United States, first establishing oil production in 1859. Despite its long production history, the Appalachian Basin remains one of the most undeveloped areas for natural gas, as established in the 2003 undiscovered natural gas resource assessment of over 70 trillion cubic feet by the United States Geological Survey. In addition, the Appalachian Basin is strategically located near high energy demand areas with limited supply. As a result, the natural gas from the area typically commands a higher well head price relative to other North American areas.
Although the Appalachian Basin has sedimentary formations indicating the potential for deposits of oil and natural gas reserves up to depths of 30,000 feet or more, most production in this area has been derived from relatively shallow, low porosity and permeability sand and shale formations at depths of 1,000 to 6,000 feet. Operations in the area are generally characterized by long Reserve Lives, high drilling success rates and a large number of low productivity wells in these shallow formations. In the Appalachian Basin, there are more than 200,000 producing wells and 3,100 operators, with most being relatively small, private enterprises. Our operations in the area primarily include development drilling on our existing acreage, as well as the acquisition of properties with established production and growth opportunities. We believe that the number of wells and operators presents a significant consolidation opportunity.
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Central Pennsylvania Area
The Central Pennsylvania Area stretches across six counties in central Pennsylvania. At September 30, 2005, we had Proved Reserves of 76.3 Bcfe and 839 gross producing wells. We operate 100% of our Proved Reserves in this area. Production is primarily from the Upper Devonian, Venango, Bradford, and Elk formations at depths from 1,800 to 4,600 feet. We have identified 568 total drilling locations and currently plan to drill 83 wells during 2006.
Ravenswood Area
The Ravenswood Area is located in the western portion of West Virginia. At September 30, 2005, we had Proved Reserves of 47.6 Bcfe and 588 gross producing wells. We operate 99% of our Proved Reserves in this area. Production in the Ravenswood area is primarily from the Mississippian and Devonian formations at depths of 2,500 to 4,400 feet. We have identified 26 total drilling locations and currently plan to drill eight wells during 2006.
Maben Area
The Maben Area is located in southwest West Virginia. At September 30, 2005, we had Proved Reserves of 34.8 Bcfe and 316 gross producing wells. We operate 100% of our Proved Reserves in this area. In Maben, we produce from the Mississippian and Devonian formations at depths ranging from 1,500 to 5,500 feet. Our drilling activity targets seven separate shallow formations, with a typical well completed in two or more horizons. We have identified 45 total drilling locations and currently plan to drill seven wells during 2006.
Adamsville Area
The Adamsville Area is located in South Central Ohio. At September 30, 2005, we had Proved Reserves of 12.7 Bcfe and 357 gross producing wells. We operate 99% of our Proved Reserves in this area. Adamsville produces from the Clinton reservoir and the Knox series at depths from 3,000 to 6,300 feet. We have identified 31 total drilling locations and currently plan to drill five wells during 2006.
Jamestown Area
The Jamestown Area is located in western Pennsylvania. At September 30, 2005, we had Proved Reserves of 17.7 Bcfe. We operate 120 gross producing wells which represent 100% of our Proved Reserves in the area. Production is primarily from the Medina Sandstone formation at depths of 4,500 to 5,100 feet. We currently plan to drill 31 wells during 2006 and we have identified 99 total drilling locations.
East Texas
The East Texas area is a part of the Cotton Valley Sand trend, which covers parts of the East Texas Basin and the Northern Louisiana Salt Basin. The ONEOK Energy acquisition will significantly enhance our position in this area. We are targeting tight sand reservoirs along the Cotton Valley Sand trend at depths of 6,500 to 12,000 feet. Operations in the area are generally characterized by long-lived reserves, high drilling success rates and wells with relatively high initial production rates. Due to the tight nature of the reservoirs, development programs in the area are mostly focused on infill development drilling. Many areas have been
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down spaced to 80-acres per well, with some areas having economically established 40 acre spacing.
Cotton Valley Area
Within our Cotton Valley Area, we are active in Rusk, Upshur and Gregg Counties in Texas primarily across four fieldsOak Hill, Minden, Glenwood and White Oak. At September 30, 2005 on a pro forma basis, we had Proved Reserves of 167.0 Bcfe and 457 gross producing wells. We operate 96% of our pro forma Proved Reserves in this area. We are focused on developing the Lower Cotton Valley (Taylor) and Upper Cotton Valley sands at depths of 10,400 to 11,000 feet, the Pettit Lime at depths of 7,000 to 8,500 feet and Travis Peak Sands at depths of 7,800 to 9,000 feet. Our natural gas is gathered through our own gathering lines in these fields. Including the ONEOK Energy properties, we currently plan to drill 40 wells during 2006 and have identified 209 total drilling locations.
Mid-Continent
Our Mid-Continent area includes parts of Oklahoma, southwestern Kansas and the Texas Panhandle. The major properties in the Mid-Continent area are being acquired in the ONEOK Energy acquisition and are located in the Anadarko Shelf and Anadarko Basin of Oklahoma. The Mid-Continent area is characterized by stratigraphic plays with multiple, stacked pay zones and more complex geology than in our other operating areas. Similar to our other operating areas, the Mid-Continent area contains a number of fields with long production histories. We also recognize the potential for additional attractive acquisition opportunities, as this area contains a number of smaller operators seeking liquidity opportunities and some larger companies seeking to divest non-core assets.
Mocane-Laverne Field
Our Mocane-Laverne Field, being acquired in the ONEOK Energy acquisition, is located in Beaver, Harper and Ellis Counties of Oklahoma. At September 30, 2005 on a pro forma basis, we had Proved Reserves of 42.1 Bcfe and we had 473 gross producing wells. We operate 76% of our pro forma Proved Reserves. At Mocane-Laverne, we are targeting eight productive formations at depths from 2,500 to 9,000 feet. We currently plan to drill 18 wells during 2006 and have identified 95 total drilling locations.
Cement Field
Our Cement Field, being acquired in the ONEOK Energy acquisition, is located in Caddo and Grady Counties of Oklahoma. At September 30, 2005 on a pro forma basis, we had Proved Reserves of 26.7 Bcfe and we had 130 gross producing wells, all operated by others. Production in the Cement field is primarily from multi-pay Pennsylvanian formations at depths of 4,500 to 18,000 feet. We currently plan to participate in the drilling of 13 wells during 2006 and have identified 50 total drilling locations.
Chitwood Field
Our Chitwood Field, being acquired in the ONEOK Energy acquisition, is near our Cement Field in Grady County, Oklahoma. At September 30, 2005 on a pro forma basis, we had Proved Reserves of 23.4 Bcfe and we had 49 gross producing wells. We operate 67% of our pro forma Proved Reserves. At Chitwood, we are targeting four productive formations at depths of 15,000
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to 17,600 feet. We currently plan to drill eight wells during 2006 and have identified 30 total drilling locations.
Permian
The Permian Basin is located in West Texas and the adjoining area of southeastern New Mexico. Though the Permian Basin is better known as a mature oil focused basin exploited with waterflood and other enhanced oil recovery techniques, our activities are focused on conventional gas properties. With the use of 3-D seismic, we are targeting prolific natural gas reservoirs with potential for multi-pay horizons. The properties are characterized by long reserve lives and low operating costs.
Vinegarone Field
Our Vinegarone Field is located in Val Verde County, Texas. At September 30, 2005, we had Proved Reserves of 31.1 Bcfe and 26 gross producing wells. We operate 99% of the Proved Reserves in the field. Production in the Vinegarone field is primarily from the Pennsylvanian Strawn formation at depths of 10,000 to 10,500 feet. We currently plan to drill three wells during 2006 and have identified eight total drilling locations.
Gomez Field
Our Gomez Field is located in Pecos County, Texas. At September 30, 2005, we had Proved Reserves of 10.7 Bcfe and 11 gross producing wells, all operated by others. At Gomez, we are primarily targeting the Ellenberger, Devonian, Wolfcamp and Atoka formations at depths of from 15,000 to 22,000 feet. We currently plan to participate in the drilling of three wells during 2006 and have identified six total drilling locations.
Rockies
The Rockies is a well known oil and gas province which encompasses several oil and natural gas basins. Our activities are currently focused on the Wattenberg Field of the Denver-Julesberg Basin of northeastern Colorado. Though the Wattenberg Field has been under extensive development since the early 1970s, improvements in fracturing technology have enhanced recoveries from these tight sand reservoirs and supported continued active development of the field. Operations in the area are generally characterized by high drilling success rates and low cost wells with significant potential for refracs.
Wattenberg Field
The Wattenberg Field encompasses more than 1,000 square miles, between 20 and 55 miles northeast of Denver, Colorado. At September 30, 2005, we had Proved Reserves of 37.2 Bcfe and 126 gross producing wells. Our activities at Wattenberg are focused on a portion of the field in which the primary productive reservoirs are in the Codell and Niobrara formations and in selected deeper "J" Sand formations. These formations cover large areas of the field and are found at depths of approximately 6,500 to 8,500 feet. We currently plan to drill nine wells and perform exploitation operations on four wells during 2006. We have identified 48 total drilling locations and 53 exploitation projects.
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Our oil, natural gas and NGL reserves
The following tables summarize historical information regarding Proved Reserves at December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 and historical and pro forma information at September 30, 2005 and exclude information with respect to Canada as a result of the sale of Addison in February 2005. The historical information was prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC.
|
||||||
|
NYMEX spot price
|
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Date |
|
Natural gas (per Mmbtu) |
|
Oil (per Bbl) |
||
|
||||||
December 31, 2002 |
|
$ |
4.79 |
|
$ |
31.20 |
December 31, 2003 | 6.19 | 32.52 | ||||
December 31, 2004 | 6.15 | 43.45 | ||||
September 30, 2005 | 13.92 | 66.24 | ||||
|
We believe that PV-10 before income taxes, while not a financial measure in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, is an important financial measure used by investors and independent oil and natural gas producers for evaluating the relative significance of oil and natural gas properties and acquisitions because the tax characteristics of comparable
117
companies can differ materially. The Standardized Measure represents the PV-10 after giving effect to income taxes, and is calculated in accordance with SFAS 69. The following table provides a reconciliation of our PV-10 to our Standardized Measure:
The reserve estimates presented as of December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 have been prepared by Lee Keeling and Associates, Inc., an independent petroleum engineering firm in Tulsa, Oklahoma. For 2002, the estimate of our PV-10 and Standardized Measure is based upon the report on our Proved Reserves as prepared by Lee Keeling and Associates. For 2003 and 2004, the estimate of our PV-10 and Standardized Measure is based upon our estimate of future abandonment costs and the report on our Proved Reserves as prepared by Lee Keeling and Associates. The Proved Reserves and the PV-10 of the Proved Reserves as of September 30, 2005 were prepared by our internal engineers. Lee Keeling and Associates audited properties representing approximately 80% of these Proved Reserves. Estimates of oil, natural gas and NGL reserves are projections based on engineering data and are forward-looking in nature. These reports rely upon various assumptions, including assumptions required by the SEC, such as constant oil, natural gas and NGL prices, drilling and operating expenses, capital expenditures, production and ad valorem taxes and availability of funds. These reports should not be construed as the current market value of our Proved Reserves. The process of estimating oil and natural gas reserves is also dependent on geological, engineering and economic data for each reservoir. Because of the uncertainties inherent in the interpretation of this data, we cannot ensure that the reserves will ultimately be realized. Our actual results could differ materially. See "Note 17. Supplemental information relating to oil and natural gas producing activitiescontinuing operations (unaudited)" of the notes to the consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding our oil, natural gas and NGL reserves, including the PV-10 and our Standardized Measure.
Our production, prices and expenses
The following tables summarize for the periods indicated, revenues (before cash settlements of derivative financial instruments), net production of oil, natural gas and NGLs sold, average sales price per unit of oil, natural gas and NGLs and costs and expenses associated with the production of oil, natural gas and NGLs. Revenues shown in this table do not reflect the impact of derivatives that were treated as hedges for the year ended December 31, 2002 and for the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003 in order to show revenues on a consistent basis for the three years presented. Oil and natural gas revenues for the year ended December 31, 2002 and for the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003 as shown on the consolidated statements of operations have been reduced by $7.7 million and by $14.5 million, respectively, for cash settlements paid on hedges. These tables exclude information with respect to Canada as a result of the sale of Addison in February 2005.
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|
||||||||||||||||
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
2004
|
|||||||||||||
(in thousands, except production and per unit amounts)
|
2002
|
2003
|
U.S. (excluding
Appalachia) |
Appalachia(2)
|
Total
|
|||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||
Sales: | ||||||||||||||||
Oil: | ||||||||||||||||
Revenue(1) | $ | 20,648 | $ | 22,351 | $ | 20,966 | $ | 3,728 | $ | 24,694 | ||||||
Production sold (Mbbl) | 869 | 755 | 538 | 100 | 638 | |||||||||||
Average sales price per Bbl(1) | $ | 23.75 | $ | 29.59 | $ | 38.97 | $ | 37.28 | $ | 38.69 | ||||||
Natural Gas: | ||||||||||||||||
Revenue(1) | $ | 20,083 | $ | 34,051 | $ | 44,193 | $ | 71,262 | $ | 115,455 | ||||||
Production sold (Mmcf) | 6,878 | 7,551 | 8,355 | 10,505 | 18,860 | |||||||||||
Average sales price per Mcf(1) | $ | 2.92 | $ | 4.51 | $ | 5.29 | $ | 6.78 | $ | 6.12 | ||||||
Natural Gas Liquids: | ||||||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 1,227 | $ | 1,342 | $ | 1,844 | $ | | $ | 1,844 | ||||||
Production sold (Mbbl) | 74 | 59 | 60 | | 60 | |||||||||||
Average sales price per Bbl | $ | 16.66 | $ | 22.58 | $ | 30.78 | $ | | $ | 30.78 | ||||||
Costs and Expenses: | ||||||||||||||||
Average production cost per Mcfe | $ | 1.52 | $ | 1.50 | $ | 1.41 | $ | 0.98 | $ | 1.21 | ||||||
General and administrative expense per Mcfe | $ | 0.54 | $ | 1.22 | $ | 0.96 | $ | 0.38 | $ | 0.68 | ||||||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization per Mcfe | $ | 0.76 | $ | 0.88 | $ | 1.17 | $ | 1.31 | $ | 1.24 | ||||||
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Our interest in productive wells
The following table quantifies as of the dates indicated information regarding productive wells (wells that are currently producing oil or natural gas or are capable of production), including temporarily shut-in wells. The number of total gross oil and natural gas wells excludes any multiple completions. Gross wells refers to the total number of physical wells that we hold any working interest in, regardless of our percentage interest. A net well is not a physical well, but is a concept that reflects the actual total working interests we hold in all wells. We compute the number of net wells we own by totaling the percentage interests we hold in all our gross wells. This table excludes information with respect to Canada as a result of the sale of Addison in February 2005. The information for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 is presented on a pro forma basis.
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East Texas | 5 | 384 | 389 | 3.2 | 212.4 | 215.6 | |||||||
Mid-Continent | 93 | 559 | 652 | 38.4 | 191.1 | 229.5 | |||||||
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Total | 98 | 943 | 1,041 | 41.6 | 403.5 | 445.1 | |||||||
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As of December 31, 2004 excluding Addison, we were the operator of 4,230 gross (3,856.1 net) wells, which represented approximately 94% of our Proved Reserves as of December 31, 2004. As of September 30, 2005 on a pro forma basis, we were the operator of 5,557 gross (4,962.1 net) wells, which represented approximately 88% of our Proved Reserves.
Our drilling activities
We intend to concentrate our drilling activity on lower risk, development-type properties. The number and types of wells we drill will vary depending on the amount of funds we have available for drilling, the cost of each well, the size of the fractional working interests we acquire in each well, the estimated recoverable reserves attributable to each well and accessibility to the well site.
The following tables summarize our approximate gross and net interests in the wells we drilled during the periods indicated and refers to the number of wells completed at any time during the period, regardless of when drilling was initiated. These tables exclude information with respect to Canada as a result of the sale of Addison in February 2005. The information for the
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nine months ended September 30, 2005 is presented on an actual basis and therefore excludes ONEOK Energy's drilling activities.
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Year ended December 31, 2003 |
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Year ended December 31, 2004 |
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Appalachia | 6 | 1 | 7 | 6.0 | 1.0 | 7.0 | |||||||
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Total | 6 | 1 | 7 | 6.0 | 1.0 | 7.0 | |||||||
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Nine months ended September 30, 2005 |
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Appalachia | 4 | | 4 | 2.7 | | 2.7 | |||||||
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Total | 4 | | 4 | 2.7 | | 2.7 | |||||||
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The drilling activities in the United States referenced in the above table were primarily conducted in Texas, Oklahoma, Colorado, Louisiana, Kansas, Ohio, Pennsylvania and West Virginia. As of September 30, 2005, we owned a 100% working interest in one well being drilled in Texas, a 100% working interest in one well being drilled in Kentucky and a 100% working interest in one well being drilled in Pennsylvania.
Our developed and undeveloped acreage
Developed acreage are those acres spaced or assignable to producing wells. Undeveloped acreage are those acres that do not currently have completed wells capable of producing commercial quantities of oil or natural gas, regardless of whether the acreage contains Proved Reserves. The following table sets forth our developed and undeveloped acreage at December 31, 2004 and, on a pro forma basis, at September 30, 2005 and excludes Canada as a result of the sale of Addison in February 2005:
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East Texas | 45,343 | 23,776 | 3,074 | 1,497 | |||||
Mid-Continent | 117,316 | 69,077 | 17,868 | 10,419 | |||||
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Total | 162,659 | 92,853 | 20,942 | 11,916 | |||||
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The primary terms of our oil and natural gas leases expire at various dates, generally ranging from one to five years. Almost all of our undeveloped acreage is "held by production," which means that these leases are active as long as we produce oil or natural gas from the acreage. Upon ceasing production, these leases will expire. In Appalachia, we have 33,360, 28,485 and 42,747 net acres with leases expiring in 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively. Leases expiring over the next three years in the other geographic areas are immaterial.
The undeveloped "held by production" acreage in many cases represents potential additional drilling opportunities through down spacing and drilling of proved undeveloped and unproved locations in the same formation(s) already producing in a given oil or natural gas field without the necessity of purchasing additional leases or producing properties.
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Sales of producing properties and undeveloped acreage
We regularly review our properties to identify cost savings opportunities and divestiture candidates. We actively seek to dispose of properties with higher operating costs and properties that are not within our core geographic operating areas. We also seek to opportunistically divest properties in areas in which acquisitions and investment economics no longer meet our objectives, most notably evidenced by the sale of our Canadian operations for $443.3 million. During 2004, we received proceeds of $51.9 million from the sale of properties in the United States. During the nine months ended September 30, 2005, we received proceeds of $45.4 million from the sale of properties in the United States.
Our principal customers
During the year ended December 31, 2004, an industrial purchaser accounted for 11% of our total oil and natural gas revenues. Our top eight purchasers accounted for approximately 39% of our total oil and natural gas revenues. During the year ended December 31, 2003, sales of oil to Plains All American, Inc. and affiliates and sales of natural gas to Nexen Marketing U.S.A., Inc. and to Coral Canada U.S. Inc. accounted for 16.6%, 12.9% and 11.4%, respectively, of our total oil and natural gas revenues. In most of our operating areas, if we were to lose any one of our oil and natural gas purchasers, the loss could temporarily cease or delay production and sale of our oil and natural gas in that particular purchaser's service area. If we were to lose a purchaser, we believe we could identify a substitute purchaser.
Competition
The oil and natural gas industry is highly competitive. We encounter strong competition from other independent operators and from major oil companies in acquiring properties, contracting for drilling equipment and securing trained personnel. Many of these competitors have financial and technical resources and staffs substantially larger than ours. As a result, our competitors may be able to pay more for desirable leases, or to evaluate, bid for and purchase a greater number of properties or prospects than our financial or personnel resources will permit.
We are also affected by competition for drilling rigs and the availability of related equipment. In the past, the oil and natural gas industry has experienced shortages of drilling rigs, equipment, pipe and personnel, which has delayed development drilling and other exploitation activities and has caused significant price increases. We are unable to predict when, or if, such shortages may again occur or how they would affect our development and exploitation program.
Competition is also strong for attractive oil and natural gas producing properties, undeveloped leases and drilling rights, and we cannot assure you that we will be able to compete satisfactorily. Many large oil companies have been actively marketing some of their existing producing properties for sale to independent producers. Although we regularly evaluate acquisition opportunities and submit bids as part of our growth strategy, we do not have any current agreements, understandings or arrangements with respect to any material acquisition.
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Applicable laws and regulations
U.S. regulations
The availability of a ready market for oil and natural gas production depends upon numerous factors beyond our control. These factors include state and federal regulation of oil and natural gas production and transportation, as well as regulations governing environmental quality and pollution control, state limits on allowable rates of production by a well or proration unit, the amount of oil and natural gas available for sale, the availability of adequate pipeline and other transportation and processing facilities and the marketing of competitive fuels. For example, a productive natural gas well may be "shut-in" because of an over-supply of natural gas or lack of an available natural gas pipeline in the areas in which we may conduct operations. State and federal regulations generally are intended to prevent waste of oil and natural gas, protect rights to produce oil and natural gas between owners in a common reservoir, control the amount of oil and natural gas produced by assigning allowable rates of production and control contamination of the environment. Pipelines and gas plants also are subject to the jurisdiction of various federal, state and local agencies.
Our sales of natural gas are affected by the availability, terms and costs of transportation. The rates, terms and conditions applicable to the interstate transportation of natural gas by pipelines are regulated by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, or FERC, under the Natural Gas Act, as well as under Section 311 of the Natural Gas Policy Act. Since 1985, the FERC has implemented regulations intended to increase competition within the natural gas industry by making natural gas transportation more accessible to gas buyers and sellers on an open-access, non-discriminatory basis. The FERC has announced several important transportation-related policy statements and rule changes, including a statement of policy and final rule issued February 25, 2000, concerning alternatives to its traditional cost-of-service rate-making methodology to establish the rates interstate natural gas pipelines may charge for their services. The final rule revises FERC's pricing policy and current regulatory framework to improve the efficiency of the market and further enhance competition in natural gas markets.
In the event we conduct operations on federal, state or Indian oil and natural gas leases, these operations must comply with numerous regulatory restrictions, including various nondiscrimination statutes, royalty and related valuation requirements, and certain of these operations must be conducted pursuant to certain on-site security regulations and other appropriate permits issued by the Bureau of Land Management, or BLM, or Minerals Management Service or other appropriate federal or state agencies.
The pipelines we use to gather and transport our oil and natural gas may be subject to regulation by the Department of Transportation, or DOT, under the Hazardous Liquids Pipeline Safety Act of 1979, as amended, or the HLPSA. The HLPSA governs the design, installation, testing, construction, operation, replacement and management of pipeline facilities. Where applicable, the HLPSA requires us and other pipeline operators to comply with regulations issued pursuant to HLPSA that are designed to permit access to and allow copying of records and to make certain reports available and provide information as required by the Secretary of Transportation.
The Pipeline Safety Act of 1992 amends the HLPSA in several important respects. The Pipeline Safety Act requires the Research and Special Programs Administration of DOT, or the RSPA, to consider environmental impacts, as well as its traditional public safety mandate, when
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developing pipeline safety regulations. In addition, the Pipeline Safety Act mandates the establishment by DOT of pipeline operator qualification rules requiring minimum training requirements for operators and requires that pipeline operators provide maps and records to RSPA. It also authorizes RSPA to require certain pipeline modifications as well as operational and maintenance changes. We believe our pipelines are in substantial compliance with the HLPSA and the Pipeline Safety Act and their regulations and comparable state laws and regulations where such laws and regulations are applicable. However, we could incur significant expenses if new or additional safety measures are required.
U.S. federal taxation
The federal government may propose tax initiatives that affect us. We are unable to determine what effect, if any, future proposals would have on product demand or our results of operations.
U.S. environmental regulations
The exploration, development and production of oil and natural gas, including the operation of saltwater injection and disposal wells, are subject to various federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations. These laws and regulations can increase the costs of planning, designing, installing and operating oil and natural gas wells. Our domestic activities are subject to federal environmental laws and regulations, including, but not limited to:
Our domestic activities are also controlled by state regulations promulgated under comparable state statutes. We also are subject to regulations governing the handling, transportation, storage and disposal of naturally occurring radioactive materials that are found in our oil and natural gas operations. Civil and criminal fines and penalties may be imposed for non-compliance with environmental laws and regulations. Additionally, these laws and regulations require the acquisition of permits or other governmental authorizations before undertaking certain of our activities, limit or prohibit other activities because of protected areas or species, can impose certain substantial liabilities for the clean-up of pollution, impose certain reporting requirements, regulate remedial plugging operations to prevent future contamination and can require substantial expenditures for compliance. We cannot predict what effect future regulation or legislation, enforcement policies, and claims for damages to property, employees, other persons and the environment resulting from our operations could have on our activities.
Under CWA, which was amended and augmented by OPA, our release or threatened release of oil or hazardous substances into or upon waters of the United States, adjoining shorelines and wetlands and offshore areas could result in our being held responsible for: (1) the costs of
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removing or remediating a release; (2) administrative, civil or criminal fines or penalties; or (3) OPA specified damages, such as loss of use, and natural resource damages. The extent of our liability could be extensive depending upon the circumstances of the release. Liability can be joint and several and without regard to fault. The CWA also may impose permitting requirements for certain discharges of pollutants and requirements to develop Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasure Plans and Facility Response Plans to address potential discharges of oil into or upon waters of the United States and adjoining shorelines. State laws governing discharges to water also provide varying civil, criminal and administrative penalties and impose liabilities in the case of a discharge of petroleum or its derivatives, or other hazardous substances, into state waters.
CERCLA and comparable state statutes, also known as Superfund laws, can impose joint, several and retroactive liability for costs of investigation and remediation and for natural resource damages, without regard to fault or the legality of the original conduct, on specified classes of persons for the release of a "hazardous substance" into the environment. In practice, clean-up costs are usually allocated among various persons. These classes of persons, or so-called potentially responsible parties, or PRPs, include the current and certain past owners and operators of a facility where there has been a release or threat of release of a hazardous substance and persons who disposed of or arranged for the disposal of hazardous substances found at a site. CERCLA also authorizes the EPA and, in some cases, third parties to take actions in response to threats to the public health or the environment and to seek to recover from the PRPs the cost of such action. Liability can arise from conditions on properties where operations are conducted and/or from conditions at third party disposal facilities where wastes from operations were sent. Although CERCLA, as amended, currently exempts petroleum (including oil, natural gas and NGLs) from the definition of hazardous substance, some similar state statutes do not provide such an exemption. We cannot assure you that the exemption will be preserved in any future amendments of the act. Such amendments could have a significant impact on our costs or operations. Additionally, our operations may involve the use or handling of other materials that may be classified as hazardous substances under CERCLA and similar state statutes at a future date. We may also be the owner or operator of sites on which hazardous substances have been released. To our knowledge, neither we nor our predecessors have been designated as a PRP by the EPA under CERCLA. We also do not know of any prior owners or operators of our properties that are named as PRPs related to their ownership or operation of such properties. Certain states have comparable statutes. In the event contamination is discovered at a site on which we are or have been an owner or operator, we could be liable for costs of investigation and remediation and natural resource damages.
RCRA and comparable state and local programs impose requirements on the management, treatment, storage and disposal of both hazardous and nonhazardous solid wastes. Although we believe we have utilized operating and waste disposal practices that were standard in the industry at the time, hydrocarbons or other solid wastes may have been disposed or released on or under the properties we own or lease or the locations where such wastes have been taken for disposal. In addition, many of these properties have been owned or operated by third parties. We have not had control over such parties' treatment of hydrocarbons or other solid wastes and the manner in which such substances may have been disposed or released. We also generate hazardous and nonhazardous solid waste in our routine operations. From time to time, proposals have been made that would reclassify certain oil and natural gas wastes,
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including wastes generated during pipeline, drilling and production operations, as "hazardous wastes" under RCRA, which would make these solid wastes subject to much more stringent handling, transportation, storage, disposal and clean-up requirements. Adoption of these proposals could have a significant impact on our operating costs. While state laws vary on this issue, state initiatives to further regulate oil and natural gas wastes could have a similar impact on our operations.
Our operations are subject to local, state and federal regulations for the control of emissions from sources of air pollution. Federal and state laws require new and modified sources of air pollutants to obtain permits prior to commencing construction. Smaller sources may qualify for exemption from permit requirement of existing authorizations such as permits by rule or general permits. Major sources of air pollutants are subject to more stringent, federally imposed requirements including additional permits. Federal and state laws designed to control hazardous (toxic) air pollutants might require installation of additional controls. Administrative enforcement actions for failure to comply strictly with air pollution regulations or permits are generally resolved by payment of monetary fines and correction of any identified deficiencies. Alternatively, regulatory agencies could bring lawsuits for civil penalties or require us to forgo construction, modification or operation of certain air emission sources.
Oil and natural gas exploration and production, and possibly other activities, have been conducted at the majority of our properties by previous owners and operators. Materials from these operations remain on some of the properties and in some instances may require remediation. In some instances, we have agreed to indemnify the sellers of producing properties from whom we have acquired reserves against certain liabilities for environmental claims associated with the properties. We do not believe the costs to be incurred by us for compliance and remediating previously or currently owned or operated properties will be material, but we cannot guarantee that result.
If in the course of our routine oil and natural gas operations surface spills and leaks occur, including casing leaks of oil or other materials, we may incur penalties and costs for waste handling, remediation and third party actions for damages. Moreover, we are only able to directly control the operations of the wells that we operate. Notwithstanding our lack of control over wells owned by us but operated by others, the failure of the operator to comply with applicable environmental regulations may be attributable to us and may create legal liabilities for us.
In 2003, DOT through RSPA adopted new requirements for certain shippers of hazardous materials. These have both training and security planning requirements that may apply to our operations. We do not believe that the costs that will be incurred by us for compliance will be significant, but cannot guarantee that result or predict the ultimate cost to us.
There are various federal and state programs that regulate the conservation and development of coastal resources. The federal Coastal Zone Management Act was passed in 1972 to preserve and, where possible, restore the natural resources of the Nation's coastal zone. The CZMA provides for federal grants for state management programs that regulate land use, water use and coastal development. States, such as Texas, also have coastal management programs, which provide for, among other things, the coordination among local and state authorities to protect coastal resources through regulating land use, water, and coastal development. Coastal management programs also may provide for the review of state and federal agency rules and
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agency actions for consistency with the goals and policies of the state coastal management plan. In the event our activities trigger these programs, this review may impact agency permitting and review activities and add an additional layer of review to certain activities undertaken by us.
We do not anticipate that we will be required in the near future to expend amounts that are material in relation to our total capital expenditures program complying with current environmental laws and regulations. As these laws and regulations are frequently changed and are subject to interpretation, our assessment regarding the cost of compliance or the extent of liability risks may change in the future. We are also unable to assure you that more stringent laws and regulations protecting the environment will not be adopted and that we will not incur material expenses in complying with environmental laws and regulations in the future. If substantial liabilities to third parties or governmental entities are incurred, the payment of such claims may reduce or eliminate the funds available for project investment or result in loss of our properties. Although we maintain insurance coverage we consider to be customary in the industry, we are not fully insured against all of these risks, either because insurance is not available or because of high premiums. Accordingly, we may be subject to liability or may lose substantial portions of properties due to hazards that cannot be insured against or have not been insured against due to prohibitive premiums or for other reasons. The imposition of any of these liabilities or compliance obligations on us may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
OSHA and other regulations
We are subject to the requirements of the federal Occupational Safety and Health Act, or OSHA, and comparable state statutes. The OSHA hazard communication standard, the EPA community right-to-know regulations under the Title III of CERCLA and similar state statutes require that we organize and/or disclose information about hazardous materials used or produced in our operations. We believe that we are in substantial compliance with these applicable requirements and with other OSHA and comparable requirements.
Title to our properties
When we acquire developed properties, we conduct a title investigation. However, when we acquire undeveloped properties, as is common industry practice, we usually conduct little or no investigation of title other than a preliminary review of local mineral records. We do conduct title investigations and, in most cases, obtain a title opinion of local counsel before we begin drilling operations. We believe that the methods we utilize for investigating title prior to acquiring any property are consistent with practices customary in the oil and natural gas industry and that our practices are adequately designed to enable us to acquire good title to properties. However, some title risks cannot be avoided, despite the use of customary industry practices.
Our properties are generally burdened by:
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We believe that none of these burdens either materially detract from the value of our properties or materially interfere with property used in the operation of our business. Substantially all of our properties are pledged as collateral under our credit agreement.
Our employees
As of October 15, 2005, we employed 303 persons of which 151 were involved in field operations and 152 were engaged in technical, office or administrative activities. None of our employees are represented by unions or covered by collective bargaining agreements. To date, we have not experienced any strikes or work stoppages due to labor problems, and we consider our relations with our employees to be good. We also utilize the services of independent consultants on a contract basis.
Properties
Corporate offices
We lease approximately 33,500 square feet of office space in Dallas, Texas for our corporate offices. The lease expires December 31, 2011, and requires monthly rental payments of approximately $48,300. We are leasing an office in Akron, Ohio for our corporate offices in Appalachia. The Akron office contains approximately 11,097 square feet of rentable space and requires monthly rental payments of approximately $15,490. We also have small offices for technical and field operations in Texas, Oklahoma, Colorado, Nebraska, Ohio and West Virginia.
Other
We have described our oil and natural gas properties, oil, natural gas and NGL reserves, acreage, wells, production and drilling activity above in this "Business" section.
Legal proceedings
In the ordinary course of business, we are periodically a party to lawsuits. We do not believe that any resulting liability from existing legal proceedings, individually or in the aggregate, will have a materially adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition. However, future costs associated with legal proceedings may be material to our operating results and liquidity.
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Interim financing arrangements
The following interim financing arrangements were entered into in connection with the consummation of the Equity Buyout and the ONEOK Energy acquisition by TXOK. We expect to repay, retire and redeem these interim financing arrangements in connection with this offering. For a discussion of our credit agreement and other financing arrangements, please see "Management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operationOur liquidity, capital resources and capital commitments."
EXCO Holdings interim bank loan
In order to fund the Equity Buyout, we raised $350.0 million in interim debt financing, including $0.7 million for working capital, which is secured by a first priority lien on all of the common stock of EXCO Resources.
Maturity
The interim bank loan will initially mature on July 3, 2006.
Interest
Prior to the maturity date, the interim bank loan will accrue interest at a rate per annum equal to 10%. During any period in which an event of default is in existence, the interest rate on the interim bank loan will increase by 2%.
Prepayment
The interim bank loan may be prepaid, in whole or in part, at the option of EXCO Holdings, at any time upon three days' prior notice, at par plus accrued and unpaid interest. The interim bank loan will be prepaid (and, if issued, the exchange notes will be redeemed, to the extent required by the terms of such exchange notes) on a pro rata basis, at par plus accrued and unpaid interest, from the net proceeds of the sale of certain assets outside the ordinary course of business, the incurrence of certain debt and the issuance of any equity, in each case subject to exceptions. In addition, we will be required to offer to redeem the initial loan amount upon the occurrence of a change of control at 101% of the principal amount of the initial loans plus accrued and unpaid interest.
Representations and warranties, covenants and conditions
We entered into agreements with the lenders of the interim bank loan that are customary for a transaction of this type. These agreements contain representations and warranties, covenants and conditions usual for a transaction of this type. Covenants contained in the agreements include, among other things, restrictions on the incurrence of indebtedness, the payment of dividends, redemption of capital stock and making of certain investments, the sale of assets and subsidiary stock, entering into sale and leaseback transactions, entering into agreements that restrict the payment of dividends by subsidiaries or the repayment of intercompany loans and advances, entering into affiliate transactions, entering into mergers, consolidations and sales of substantially all of our assets, amending material debt instruments, and certain other activities.
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TXOK credit facility
The TXOK credit facility is a $500.0 million revolving credit facility, subject to a semi-annually determined borrowing base. The initial borrowing base is $325.0 million, of which approximately $308.8 million has been drawn down in connection with the closing of the ONEOK Energy acquisition.
The TXOK credit facility bears interest at a fluctuating rate of interest which is a variable margin in excess of reference rates based on either the prime rate or LIBOR. The margin increases with the borrowing base usage under the TXOK credit facility. The TXOK credit facility matures September 27, 2009 and is secured by a first priority lien and security interest in TXOK's oil and natural gas properties as well as the capital stock of its subsidiaries. The TXOK credit facility is guaranteed by all existing and future direct or indirect material domestic subsidiaries of TXOK.
The TXOK credit facility financial covenants include, among other covenants, the following:
TXOK term loan
The TXOK term loan, which provided TXOK with the funds for the ONEOK Energy acquisitition, is a $200.0 million second lien term loan. The TXOK term loan matures on September 27, 2010 and is secured by a perfected second lien on all assets securing the TXOK credit facility. The TXOK term loan bears interest at a rate of interest which is either 3.5% in excess of a fluctuating reference rate of interest based on the prime rate or 4.5% in excess of a fluctuating reference rate of interest based on LIBOR. The TXOK term loan is guaranteed by all existing and future direct or indirect material domestic subsidiaries of TXOK. The TXOK term loan will be callable at 101% of the principal amount until September 27, 2006, and thereafter at par.
The TXOK term loan financial covenants include, among other covenants, the following:
TXOK preferred stock
General
In connection with the ONEOK Energy acquisition, TXOK issued 150,000 shares of TXOK preferred stock to BP EXCO Holdings LP, an entity controlled by Mr. Boone Pickens, one of our directors. The TXOK preferred stock has an initial issue price of $1,000.00 per share and a 15%
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annual cumulative dividend. The TXOK preferred stock currently has full voting rights to vote on an as converted basis with the TXOK common stock on all matters submitted to a vote of TXOK stockholders. Accordingly, the holder of the TXOK preferred stock currently holds 90% voting control of TXOK. Upon the redemption of all the TXOK preferred stock immediately after the completion of this offering, we will own all the outstanding capital stock of TXOK.
Redemption
The TXOK preferred stock is to be redeemed upon consummation of this offering. The redemption price for the TXOK preferred stock will be (a) cash in the amount of $150.0 million plus accrued and unpaid dividends at a rate of 15% and (b) that number of shares of common stock of EXCO Resources, cash, or any combination thereof, at the election of the majority TXOK preferred stock holder or holders, necessary to produce an overall 23% annualized rate of return on the stated value of the TXOK preferred stock as of the date of redemption. For purposes of calculating the rate of return, the common stock of EXCO Resources will be valued at the lesser of $12.00 or the offering price to the public in this offering.
Conversion
If, within one year after closing of the issuance of the TXOK preferred stock, we are unable to consummate an initial public offering with aggregate proceeds sufficient to redeem the preferred stock, the outstanding shares of TXOK preferred stock shall automatically convert into 90% of the fully diluted common stock of TXOK, in the form of Class A common stock of TXOK.
Liquidation preference
The TXOK preferred stock is entitled to a liquidation preference equal to the stated value plus accumulated and unpaid dividends prior to any payment on the Class A or Class B common stock. The Class A common stock has a $1,000.00 per share liquidation preference over the Class B common stock. After payment of the liquidation preference to the Class A common stock, the Class B common stock has a $1,000.00 per share liquidation preference. After payment in full of the liquidation preferences on the TXOK preferred stock, Class A common stock and Class B common stock, the holders of the TXOK preferred stock share ratably with the holders of the Class A and Class B common stock in any additional distribution of assets.
Right of first refusal and co-sale agreement
EXCO Holdings and the holder of the TXOK preferred stock entered into a Right of First Refusal and Co-Sale Agreement pursuant to which EXCO Holdings gave such holder a right of first refusal, a co-sale right and, if the TXOK preferred stock is converted into Class A common stock, a drag along right on the Class B common stock of TXOK held by EXCO Holdings.
Preferred stock purchase agreement
In connection with the purchase of the TXOK preferred stock, TXOK and the purchaser of the TXOK preferred stock entered into a preferred stock purchase agreement. This agreement contains standard representations and warranties and indemnification by TXOK. In addition, each of TXOK and Holdings II agreed that if the proceeds of an initial public offering of its or its subsidiary's capital stock are not sufficient to redeem all of the outstanding shares of TXOK preferred stock, then each of TXOK and Holdings II will use its reasonable best efforts to redeem all of the TXOK preferred stock with available cash and available borrowings under its credit facilities. As a result of the consummation of the merger of Holdings II into EXCO Holdings, this agreement became an obligation of EXCO Holdings.
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Executive officers and directors
The following table sets forth certain information with respect to our executive officers and directors.
Douglas H. Miller became the Chairman of our board of directors and our Chief Executive Officer in December 1997. Mr. Miller was Chairman of the board of directors and Chief Executive Officer of Coda Energy, Inc., or Coda, an independent oil and natural gas company, from October 1989 until November 1997 and served as a director of Coda from 1987 until November 1997.
Stephen F. Smith joined us in June 2004 as Vice Chairman of our board of directors and was appointed President and Secretary in October 2005. Prior to joining us, Mr. Smith was co-founder and Executive Vice President of Sandefer Oil and Gas, Inc., an independent oil and gas exploration and production company, from January 1980 to June 2004. Mr. Smith was one of our directors from March 1998 to July 2003. Prior to 1980, Mr. Smith was an Audit Partner with Arthur Andersen LLP.
J. Douglas Ramsey, Ph.D., became our Chief Financial Officer and a Vice President in December 1997. Dr. Ramsey was one of our directors from March 1998 until October 5, 2005. From March 1992 to December 1997, Dr. Ramsey worked for Coda as Financial Analyst and Assistant to the President and then as Financial Planning Manager. Dr. Ramsey also taught finance at Southern Methodist University in their undergraduate and professional MBA programs.
Harold L. Hickey became our Vice President and Chief Operating Officer in October 2005. Prior to then and beginning in January 2004, Mr. Hickey served as President of our wholly-owned subsidiary, North Coast. Mr. Hickey was our Production and Asset Manager from February 2001 to January 2004. From April 2000 until he joined us, Mr. Hickey was Chief Operating Officer of Inca Natural Resources Group, L.P., an independent oil and natural gas exploration company. Prior to that, Mr. Hickey worked at Mobil Oil Corporation from 1979 to March 2000.
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Jeffrey D. Benjamin became one of our directors in October 2005 and was previously one of our directors from August 1998 through July 2003 and a director of our parent holding company from July 2003 through its merger into us. Mr. Benjamin has been a Senior Advisor to Apollo Management, LP since September 2002. He had previously been a Managing Director of Libra Securities LLC, an investment banking firm, from January 2002 to September 2002 and served as Co-Chief Executive Officer of Libra Securities from January 1999 to December 2001. Mr. Benjamin is also a director of Dade Behring Holdings Inc., Chiquita Brands International, Inc. and NTL Incorporated.
Earl E. Ellis became one of our directors in October 2005 and was previously one of our directors from March 1998 through July 2003. Mr. Ellis has served as chairman and chief executive officer of Carolina Soy Products, a soy based product manufacturing company since September 2003. Mr. Ellis has also been a private investor since 2001. He served as a Director of Coda from 1992 until 1996. Mr. Ellis served as a managing partner of Benjamin Jacobson & Sons, LLC, specialists on the New York Stock Exchange. He had been associated with Benjamin Jacobson & Sons, LLC from 1977 to 2001.
Robert H. Niehaus became one of our directors in November 2004 and was a director of our parent holding company from July 2003 through its merger into us. Mr. Niehaus is the Chairman and Managing Partner of Greenhill Capital Partners, LLC, a private equity investment firm, and a Managing Director of Greenhill & Co., LLC. Prior to joining Greenhill in January 2000 to start its private equity business, Mr. Niehaus was a Managing Director in Morgan Stanley's private equity investment department from 1990 to 1999. Mr. Niehaus is a director of the American Italian Pasta Company, Global Signal Inc., Heartland Payment Systems, Inc. and several private companies.
Boone Pickens became one of our directors in October 2005 and was previously one of our directors from March 1998 through July 2003. Mr. Pickens has served as the Chairman and CEO of BP Capital LP since September 1996 and Mesa Water, Inc. since August 2000 and is a board member of Clean Energy. BP Capital LP or affiliates is the general partner and an investment advisor of private funds investing in energy commodities (BP Capital Energy Fund) and publicly-traded energy equities (BP Capital Equity Fund and its offshore counterpart). Clean Energy is the largest provider of natural gas (CNG and LNG) and related services in North America. He was the founder of Mesa Petroleum Co., an independent oil and natural gas exploration and production company. He served as CEO and Chairman of the Board of Mesa from its inception until his departure in 1996. See "Related party transactionsONEOK Energy acquisition" for a description of certain related party transactions involving Mr. Pickens.
Robert L. Stillwell became one of our directors in October 2005. Mr. Stillwell has served as the General Counsel of BP Capital LP, Mesa Water, Inc. and affiliated companies engaged in the petroleum business since 2001. Mr. Stillwell was a lawyer and Senior Partner at Baker Botts LLP in Houston, Texas from 1969 to 2001. He also served as a director of Mesa Petroleum Co. and Pioneer Natural Resources Company from 1969 to 2001.
Our directors serve terms of one year. As a result, stockholders will elect our board of directors each year. Our executive officers are elected by, and serve at the discretion of, our board of directors. There are no family relationships between our directors and executive officers.
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Other officers of our company
Charles R. Evans joined us in February 1998, became one of our Vice Presidents in March 1998 and was our Chief Operating Officer from December 2000 until October 2005. He currently serves as our Vice President of Marketing and Outside Operations. After working for Sun Oil Co., he joined TXO Production Corp. in 1979 and was appointed Vice President of Engineering and Evaluation in 1989. In 1990, he was named Vice President of Engineering and Project Development for Delhi Gas Pipeline Corporation, a natural gas gathering, processing and marketing company. Mr. Evans served as Director-Environmental Affairs and Safety for Delhi until December 1997.
Richard L. Hodges became one of our Vice Presidents in October 2000. He began his career with Texaco, Inc. and has served in various land management capacities with several independent oil and gas companies during the past 27 years. He served as Vice President of Land for Central Resources, Inc. until we acquired the Central properties in September 2000.
John D. Jacobi became one of our Vice Presidents in February 1999. In 1991, he co-founded Jacobi-Johnson Energy, Inc., an independent oil and natural gas producer, and served as its President until January 1997. He served as the Vice President and Treasurer of Jacobi-Johnson from January 1997 until May 8, 1998, when the company was sold to us.
Daniel A. Johnson became one of our Vice Presidents in February 1999. In 1991, he co-founded Jacobi-Johnson Energy, Inc., an independent oil and natural gas producer. He served as its President from January 1997 until the company was sold to us on May 8, 1998.
Mark E. Wilson became our Controller and one of our Vice Presidents in August 2005. He began his career in 1980 with Diamond Shamrock Corporation. Since that time, he has served in Controller roles with Maxus Energy, Snyder Oil Company and Repsol-YPF International. From September 2000 to August 2005, Mr. Wilson has served as Chief Financial Officer of Epoch Holdings Corporation and its predecessor, an investment management and advisory firm.
Board committees
Our board of directors has an audit committee, a compensation committee, and a nominating and corporate governance committee.
Audit committee
The audit committee of our board of directors recommends the appointment of our independent auditors, reviews our internal accounting procedures and financial statements and consults with and reviews the services provided by our independent auditors, including the results and scope of their audit. The audit committee is currently comprised of Messrs. Benjamin (chair), Ellis and Niehaus, each of whom will be independent, within the meaning of applicable SEC and New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE, rules, upon completion of this offering. Mr. Benjamin has been designated as an audit committee financial expert, as currently defined under the SEC rules implementing the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. We believe that the composition and functioning of our audit committee complies with all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as NYSE and SEC rules and regulations. We intend to comply with future requirements to the extent they become applicable to us.
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Compensation committee
The compensation committee of our board of directors reviews and recommends to our board of directors the compensation and benefits for all of our executive officers, administers our stock plans, and establishes and reviews general policies relating to compensation and benefits for our employees. The compensation committee is currently comprised of Messrs. Stillwell (chair), Benjamin, Ellis and Niehaus, each of whom will be independent, within the meaning of applicable NYSE rules, upon completion of this offering. We believe that the composition and functioning of our compensation committee complies with all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as NYSE and SEC rules and regulations. We intend to comply with future requirements to the extent they become applicable to us.
Nominating and corporate governance committee
The nominating and corporate governance committee of our board of directors is responsible for:
The nominating and corporate governance committee currently consists of Messrs. Ellis (chair), Benjamin, Stillwell and Niehaus, each of whom is independent within the meaning of applicable NYSE rules. We believe that the composition and functioning of our nominating and governance committee complies with all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as NYSE and SEC rules and regulations. We intend to comply with future requirements to the extent they become applicable to us.
Codes of ethics
We have adopted Corporate Governance Guidelines, a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, and a Code of Ethics for all executive officers. These documents will be available in print to any shareholder requesting a copy in writing from our corporate secretary at our executive offices set forth in this prospectus.
Executive compensation
The following table provides compensation information for the fiscal years 2002, 2003 and 2004 for our Chief Executive Officer, Douglas H. Miller, and the four most highly compensated executive officers during that period other than Mr. Douglas H. Miller: T. W. Eubank, J. Douglas Ramsey, Richard E. Miller and Charles R. Evans.
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Douglas H. Miller
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer |
2004
2003 2002 |
475,000
431,250 300,000 |
914,980
291,245 30,000 |
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2,657,407
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16,000
14,257,044 9,600 |
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T. W. Eubank(4) President and Treasurer |
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2004 2003 2002 |
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300,000 275,000 200,000 |
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160,000 80,000 20,000 |
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324,074 |
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16,000 4,006,445 8,800 |
J. Douglas Ramsey, Ph.D Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
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2004 2003 2002 |
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175,000 168,750 150,000 |
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75,000 43,750 15,000 |
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150,000 |
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13,000 2,519,270 8,800 |
Richard E. Miller(4) Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel |
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2004 2003 2002 |
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175,000 168,750 150,000 |
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75,000 43,750 15,000 |
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129,630 |
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16,000 863,021 8,800 |
Charles R. Evans(4) Vice President and Chief Operating Officer |
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2004 2003 2002 |
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250,000 225,000 150,000 |
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130,000 65,000 15,000 |
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259,259 |
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16,000 1,037,080 8,800 |
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The compensation described in this table does not include medical, group life insurance or other benefits that are available generally to all of EXCO's salaried employees. It also does not include certain perquisites and other personal benefits, securities or property received by these executive officers that are not material in amount.
The Board's compensation committee approved 2006 salaries for our executive officers as follows: Douglas H. Miller$600,000; Stephen F. Smith$400,000; J. Douglas Ramsey$300,000; and Harold L. Hickey$300,000.
Option grants in fiscal 2004
EXCO Holdings did not grant any stock options during 2004 other than the stock options discussed in the table above under its 2004 Long-Term Incentive Plan.
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Option exercises in fiscal year 2004 and value at fiscal year end 2004
The equity securities of EXCO Holdings were used to incentivize our management and our employees. The following table shows the number of shares of EXCO Holdings common stock acquired upon exercise of stock options, or, if no shares were received, the number of securities, if any, with respect to which stock options were exercised and the aggregate dollar value realized, if any, upon such exercise during fiscal 2004. This table also shows the number of shares of EXCO Holdings common stock, if any, covered by both exercisable and non-exercisable stock options held by Messrs. D. H. Miller, Eubank, Ramsey, R. E. Miller, and Evans as of December 31, 2004. All of these options were purchased in October 2005 in connection with the Equity Buyout. See "2004 Long-Term Incentive Plan."
Compensation of directors
Prior to the Equity Buyout, our directors did not receive any compensation for acting as a director, but were reimbursed for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with their attendance at meetings of the board of directors and committee meetings. Following the Equity Buyout, our non-employee directors are paid a retainer of $25,000 per year. The chair of each committee is paid an additional $10,000 per year, other than the chair of the audit committee who is paid an additional $50,000 per year. Each other committee member is paid an additional $5,000 per year. We pay no additional remuneration to our employees serving as directors.
All directors, including our employee directors, are reimbursed for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with their attendance at meetings of the board of directors and committee meetings and, on October 5, 2005, were given a one-time grant of an option to purchase 50,000 shares of our common stock with an exercise price of $7.50 per share, the price at which shares of common stock of Holdings II were issued in connection with the Equity Buyout.
2004 Long-Term Incentive Plan
In June 2004, EXCO Holdings adopted the 2004 Long-Term Incentive Plan. In 2004, we granted options covering 8,801,354 shares of Class A common stock to employees, including executive
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officers, under the terms of the option plan. No stock options were exercised during 2004. In connection with the Equity Buyout, all of the then outstanding options granted under the EXCO Holdings' 2004 Long-Term Incentive Plan were terminated for cash in an amount per share issuable upon exercise of these options, without regard to any vesting restrictions, equal to $5.1971277, less the applicable exercise price and withholding taxes.
2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan
Our 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan was adopted by our Board of Directors and approved by our stockholders in September 2005. A total of 10,000,000 shares of our common stock have been authorized for issuance under this plan. The stated purpose of the stock option plan is to provide financial incentives to selected employees and to promote our long-term growth and financial success by:
Our board of directors administers the stock option plan and the awards granted under the plan. Awards under the stock option plan can consist of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, restricted stock, stock appreciation rights and other awards.
Pursuant to the terms of the stock option agreements that we entered into with our option holders, the stock options granted:
As of December 31, 2005, there were 4,979,575 outstanding incentive and nonqualified stock options to purchase shares of our common stock pursuant to this plan exercisable at $7.50 per share through October 5, 2015, of which 1,245,738 currently are exercisable. The shares that may be issued pursuant to the exercise of any option awarded under this plan have not been registered under the Securities Act.
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On October 5, 2005, we granted options to purchase shares of our common stock to our named executive officers for 2005 as follows.
The following table provides information as of December 31, 2005 with respect to shares of our common stock that may be issued under our only existing equity compensation plan, which has been approved by our stockholders.
Severance Plan
Our Amended and Restated Severance Plan, as amended, or the Severance Plan, provides for severance pay to eligible employees in the event they are terminated on the effective date of a change of control of us or within six months following the effective date of a change of control. The plan was amended to clarify that the Equity Buyout was not considered a change in control as defined in the Severance Plan. Eligible employees under this plan include our regular full-time employees, except those employees who own common stock of EXCO Holdings. The severance pay for each eligible employee is equal to one year's salary, before deductions and excluding bonuses and overtime, less any amounts due the eligible employee from the exercise of EXCO Holdings stock options. None of Messrs. Douglas H. Miller, T. W. Eubank, J. Douglas Ramsey, Richard E. Miller or Charles R. Evans are eligible to receive payments under this plan.
Employee Bonus Retention Plan
The board of directors of EXCO Holdings and the board of directors of Addison adopted identical employee bonus retention plans effective upon the completion of the 2003 going private transaction in order to provide certain employees with an incentive to remain employed with us and Addison after the going private transaction. On February 10, 2005, the Addison employee bonus retention plan was terminated and all bonus retention amounts payable thereunder, aggregating approximately $1.0 million, were accelerated and paid in full.
In conjunction with the closing of the Equity Buyout, on October 3, 2005, the EXCO Holdings employee bonus retention plan was terminated and all bonus retention amounts payable
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thereunder, aggregating approximately $2.8 million, were accelerated and paid in full. The participants in the plan agreed to customary confidentiality and nonsolicitation provisions. Messrs. R.E. Miller and Eubank, together with other of our continuing shareholders, agreed to customary non-compete provisions in connection with the EXCO Holdings employee bonus retention plan. The executive officers received the following payments in 2005, which includes three quarterly payments and the acceleration of the remaining bonus retention amounts payable thereunder: Douglas H. Miller$2,254,945; T.W. Eubank$275,000; J. Douglas Ramsey$110,000; Richard E. Miller$110,000; and Charles R. Evans$220,000. None of Messrs. Douglas H. Miller, T.W. Eubank, J. Douglas Ramsey, Richard E. Miller or Charles R. Evans is a party to an employment agreement.
Compensation committee interlocks and insider participation
None of our executive officers is a director or member of a compensation committee of any entity of which a member of our board of directors was or is an executive officer, except as described below. Two of our executive officers, Messrs. D. Miller and Smith, were directors of Carolina Soy Products, a private company with no compensation committee. One of our directors, Mr. Ellis, is the chief executive officer of Carolina Soy Products. Messrs. Miller and Smith have resigned from the board of Carolina Soy Products effective November 2, 2005, so no compensation committee interlock currently exists. Furthermore, Messrs. Miller and Smith were never involved in setting the compensation of Mr. Ellis during their tenure as directors of Carolina Soy Products and Mr. Ellis draws no compensation for his services as chief executive officer of Carolina Soy Products.
Limitations of liability and indemnification of directors and officers
As permitted by Texas law, our articles of incorporation provide that our directors will not be personally liable to us or our shareholders for or with respect to any acts or omissions in the performance of such person's duties as a director to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law. Our articles of incorporation and bylaws provide that we must indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by Texas law. Our bylaws further provide that we must pay or reimburse reasonable expenses incurred by one of our directors or officers who was, is or is threatened to be made a named defendant or respondent in a proceeding to the maximum extent permitted under Texas law. We believe that these provisions are necessary to attract and retain qualified persons as directors and officers.
We have entered into indemnification agreements with our directors and officers. These agreements, among other things, require us to indemnify the director or officer to the fullest extent permitted by Texas law, including indemnification for judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses actually incurred by the director or officer in any action or proceeding, including any action by or in our right, arising out of the person's services as our director or officer or as the director or officer of any subsidiary of ours or any other company or enterprise to which the person provides services at our request. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling us pursuant to the foregoing provision, we have been informed that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is therefore unenforceable.
The indemnification provisions contained in our articles of incorporation and bylaws are exclusive of any other right that a person may have or acquire under any statute, bylaw,
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resolution or shareholders or directors or otherwise. In addition, we maintain insurance on behalf of our directors and officers insuring them against any liability asserted against them in their capacities as directors or officers or arising out of their service in these capacities.
We are not aware of any pending or threatened litigation or proceeding involving any of our directors, officers, employees or agencies in which indemnification would be required or permitted. We believe that the provisions of our articles of incorporation and bylaws and our indemnification agreements are necessary to attract and retain qualified persons to serve as directors and officers of our company.
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Going private transaction
On July 29, 2003, pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of March 11, 2003, among EXCO Resources, EXCO Holdings, and ER Acquisition, Inc., a Texas corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of EXCO Holdings, ER Acquisition was merged with and into EXCO Resources. EXCO Resources was the surviving corporation in the merger and, at the effective time of the merger, became a wholly-owned subsidiary of EXCO Holdings. Pursuant to the terms of the merger agreement, at the effective time of the merger, each issued and outstanding share of EXCO Resources common stock was converted into the right to receive $18.00 in cash, other than shares of common stock owned by EXCO Holdings. Following the merger, EXCO Resources common stock was delisted from the Nasdaq National Market.
Immediately prior to the merger, EXCO Resources was publicly held. Upon consummation of the merger, EXCO Resources became a wholly-owned subsidiary of EXCO Holdings. The capital stock of EXCO Holdings was owned by (i) EXCO Acquisition LLC, the members of which are certain funds or affiliates of Cerberus Capital Management, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, or Cerberus, which collectively owned approximately 55% of the capital stock of EXCO Holdings, (ii) certain other institutional investors, which collectively owned approximately 18% of the capital stock of EXCO Holdings through the purchase of Class A common stock of EXCO Holdings, (iii) certain of our directors, officers and employees, or the Continuing Shareholders, who collectively owned approximately 16% of the capital stock of EXCO Holdings and (iv) EXCO Investors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, or EXCO Investors, which owned approximately 11% of the capital stock of EXCO Holdings, or clauses (i) through (iv) above, collectively, the equity contributions.
The financing to complete the merger was funded by borrowings under our then-existing credit facilities and approximately $172.0 million of equity.
The EXCO Holdings stockholders entered into a stock repurchase agreement, stockholders agreement and registration rights agreement, all of which were terminated as part of the Equity Buyout. The merger agreement also provided that EXCO Holdings and EXCO Resources will indemnify each of our present and former directors and officers until the later of six years after the effective time of the merger or the expiration of any statute of limitations applicable to the claim under which indemnification is sought against liabilities for their actions or omissions as directors or officers before the effective time of the merger. The merger agreement further provided that for a period of six years after the effective time of the merger, the surviving corporation will provide to our directors and officers liability insurance protection with the same coverage and in the same amount as and on terms no less favorable to such individuals than that provided by our insurance policies in effect immediately prior to the merger. The persons benefiting from the insurance provisions of the merger agreement include all persons who served as our directors and executive officers during the period from August 1, 2002 until the effective time of the merger.
ONEOK Energy acquisition
On September 16, 2005, Mr. Boone Pickens, one of our directors, provided $20.0 million in debt financing to TXOK, an affiliate of EXCO Holdings, to fund the $19.4 million in deposits paid in connection with the ONEOK Energy acquisition. This loan was amended on September 21, 2005
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to reduce the principal amount of the loan to $15.0 million. The loan matured and was repaid, together with approximately $100,000 of interest under this loan, on October 7, 2005. On September 21, 2005, Mr. Pickens also entered into a contract with TXOK to render financial advisory services to it with respect to the ONEOK Energy acquisition pursuant to which he was paid $3.6 million on October 7, 2005. No other sums are due Mr. Pickens under this agreement.
On September 27, 2005, BP EXCO Holdings LP acquired 150,000 shares of TXOK preferred stock for $150.0 million to fund the ONEOK Energy acquisition in part. Mr. Pickens is the controlling member of BP EXCO Holdings GP, LLC, the general partner of BP EXCO Holdings LP. The TXOK preferred stock will be redeemed upon consummation of this offering. For a description of the terms of the TXOK preferred stock, please see "Interim financing arrangementsTXOK preferred stock." In connection with the sale of the TXOK preferred stock, each of TXOK and EXCO Holdings agreed, if the proceeds of an initial public offering of its or its subsidiary's capital stock are not sufficient to redeem all of the TXOK preferred stock, to use its reasonable best efforts to redeem all of the TXOK preferred stock with available cash and borrowings under its credit facilities.
In connection with the formation of TXOK on September 15, 2005, TXOK issued 1,000 shares of its common stock to Holdings II in exchange for $1,000. On September 27, 2005, TXOK reclassified its capital structure in connection with the issuance of the TXOK preferred stock. In this recapitalization, Holdings II's 1,000 shares of TXOK common stock were converted into one share of Class B common stock of TXOK. On October 7, 2005, EXCO Holdings purchased 19,999 shares of Class B common stock for a purchase price of $19,999,000. TXOK used a portion of these proceeds to repay the $15.0 million of debt financing provided by Mr. Pickens as described above. Upon the merger of Holdings II with and into EXCO Holdings, EXCO Holdings became the owner of the 20,000 shares of Class B common stock.
In connection with the issuance of the TXOK preferred stock, EXCO Holdings gave BP EXCO Holdings LP a right of first refusal, a co-sale right and, if the TXOK preferred stock is converted into Class A common stock of TXOK, a drag along right on the Class B common stock of TXOK held by EXCO Holdings.
Effective October 15, 2005, EXCO Resources entered into an intercompany agreement with TXOK to manage TXOK's business affairs. Mr. Pickens controls TXOK through BP EXCO Holdings LP's ownership of the TXOK preferred stock. The agreement provides that we will provide TXOK with general management, treasury, finance, legal, audit, tax, information technology, and payroll and benefit administration services. TXOK has agreed to reimburse us on a monthly basis for the total amount of compensation, taxes and benefits we provide to employees providing services to TXOK. TXOK has also agreed to pay us $25,000 per month for the additional services we provide, as well as reimbursement of all costs directly related to the operations of TXOK.
Equity Buyout
On October 3, 2005, Holdings II acquired all the capital stock of EXCO Holdings and subsequently merged into EXCO Holdings. Upon its formation, Holdings II issued 3,333,330 shares of common stock to its founders for $0.01 per share. This group of founders included Mr. Douglas H. Miller, who purchased 1,655,000 shares, Mr. T. W. Eubank, who purchased 50,000 shares, Mr. Stephen F. Smith, who purchased 333,330 shares, Dr. J. Douglas Ramsey, who purchased 166,670 shares (these shares were issued to a limited partnership in which
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Dr. Ramsey owns a 98.0% limited partnership interest), Mr. Harold L. Hickey, who purchased 166,670 shares and Mr. Charles R. Evans, who purchased 66,660 shares, as well as a number of our employees. Each of these persons and many of our employees also exchanged shares of EXCO Holdings common stock for Holdings II common stock or purchased additional shares of Holdings II common stock for cash pursuant to the terms of the stock purchase agreements described below. See "Significant transactions2005 Equity Buyout."
A summary of the main agreements entered into in connection with the Equity Buyout is set forth below.
The EXCO Holdings stockholders' stock purchase agreement
Overview. All EXCO Holdings stockholders, whether they received cash for their EXCO Holdings shares or common stock of Holdings II, were required to enter into a Stock Purchase Agreement with Holdings II, referred to in this prospectus as the Rollover Investors SPA.
Consideration. The Rollover Investors SPA provided, among other things, that Holdings II would purchase for cash all of the outstanding shares of EXCO Holdings Class A common stock and Class B common stock for $5.1971277 and $3.6971277 per share, respectively, should the holder of such shares elect to receive cash for his, her or its shares. Should a stockholder elect to exchange all or a portion of such holder's EXCO Holdings stock for common stock of Holdings II, this holder would receive one share of Holdings II common stock for each $7.50 in EXCO Holdings capital stock exchanged.
Representations and warranties, covenants and conditions. The Rollover Investors SPA contained certain representations and warranties, conditions and covenants of both Holdings II and the selling stockholders. Holdings II made representations with respect to the following subjects: corporate existence, good standing and qualification to conduct business; requisite power and authorization to enter into and carry out its obligations under the Rollover Investors SPA; absence of any conflict or violation of organizational documents, third party agreements or law or regulation as a result of entering into or carrying out the obligations of the Rollover Investors SPA and the related documents and transactions; investment intent; capitalization; and valid issuance of the common stock of Holdings II.
Holdings II further covenanted with respect to the following subjects: execution of certain related documents and taking of reasonable actions required in connection with the Rollover Investors SPA; satisfaction of conditions; securing of required consents and approvals; required filings and actions under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Act of 1976, or HSR; cooperation with EXCO Holdings in fulfillment of EXCO Holdings' notice obligations under the related transaction documents, termination of the EXCO Holdings Employee Bonus Retention Plan, termination of the EXCO Holdings Employee Stock Participation Plan, and the collection by EXCO Holdings of certain obligations owed to it.
The selling stockholders made representations with respect to the following subjects: requisite power and authorization to enter into and carry out the obligations of the Rollover Investors SPA and the related documents and transactions; enforceability of the Rollover Investors SPA and the obligations entered into in connection with the Rollover Investors SPA; absence of any conflict or violation of organizational documents, third party agreements or law or regulation as a result of entering into or carrying out the obligations of the Rollover Investors SPA and the related documents and transactions; beneficial ownership, free and clear, of the EXCO Holdings stock to be transferred; absence of filing requirements or required consents; corporate
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existence and good standing; and absence of broker, finder, or agent fees in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Rollover Investors SPA.
The selling stockholders further covenanted with respect to the following subjects: execution of certain related documents and taking of reasonable actions required in connection with the Rollover Investors SPA; satisfaction of conditions; securing of required consents and approvals; HSR filings and actions; notification of breach or likely breach of representations and warranties; competing transactions; and confidentiality.
Release. The Rollover Investors SPA also provided that EXCO Holdings stockholders would release Holdings II, EXCO Holdings, EXCO Resources and their respective successors, officers, directors, employees and stockholders (and each of their respective heirs, executors and administrators acting in such capacities) of and from any and all manner of action or actions, or cause or causes of action of any nature whatsoever which they then had or may hereafter have against any of them, subject to certain exceptions. Holdings II, EXCO Holdings and EXCO Resources provided a similar release to the EXCO Holdings stockholders, subject to certain exceptions.
Indemnity. The Rollover Investors SPA provided for certain indemnities on the part of Holdings II and the EXCO Holdings stockholders. Each of the stockholders agreed to indemnify Holdings II and its respective successors and assigns and officers, directors, employees, representatives and others from and against losses with respect to any breach of a representation or warranty of such stockholder contained in the Rollover Investors SPA or the breach of any covenant or other agreement of such stockholder. Likewise, Holdings II agreed to indemnify each of the selling stockholders from and against losses with respect to any breach of a representation or warranty by Holdings II or of any of Holdings II's covenants or other agreements. EXCO Acquisition LLC, EXCO Holdings' controlling stockholder prior to the Equity Buyout, was appointed as the representative of, and attorney-in-fact for, all other selling stockholders under the indemnity provision with full power and authority to act on behalf of the selling stockholders with respect to indemnification claims.
The equity investors stock purchase agreement
Overview. All equity investors making a cash investment in Holdings II were required to enter into a Stock Purchase Agreement with Holdings II, referred to in this prospectus as the Equity Investors SPA.
Consideration. The equity investors purchased 24,415,440 shares of common stock of Holdings II for a cash payment of $7.50 per share.
Representations and warranties, covenants and conditions. The Equity Investors SPA contains certain representations and warranties, conditions and covenants of both Holdings II and the equity investors. Holdings II made representations with respect to the following subjects: corporate existence, good standing and qualification to conduct business; requisite power and authorization to enter into and carry out its obligations under the Equity Investors SPA; capitalization; SEC filings and financial statements of EXCO Resources; absence of violations of law; absence of any material adverse change, prohibited distribution or dividend, or material change in accounting; possession of permits; preparation of reserve reports; completeness of information; absence of certain related party transactions; environmental matters, labor and employment matters; absence of litigation; property matters; hedging; absence of preemptive rights and rights of first refusal and exemption from registration and prospectus delivery
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requirements under the Securities Act; and the absence of material misstatements or omissions in the confidential disclosure statement accompanying the Equity Buyout.
Holdings II further covenanted with respect to the following subjects: access to information; supplementing of information that has been provided; execution of certain related documents and taking of reasonable actions required in connection with the Equity Investors SPA; satisfaction of conditions; required filings and actions under HSR; securing of required consents and approvals; use of proceeds to fund the Equity Buyout; and filing of a certificate of merger with respect to the merger of Holdings II into EXCO Holdings.
The equity investors made representations with respect to the following subjects: investment intent and other Securities Act matters; recognition that the common stock of Holdings II had not been registered under the Securities Act; accredited investor status; requisite power and authorization to enter into and carry out the obligations of the Equity Investors SPA and the related documents and transactions; absence of any conflict or violation of organizational documents, third party agreements or law or regulation as a result of entering into or carrying out the obligations of the Equity Investors SPA and the related documents and transactions; enforceability of the Equity Investors SPA and the obligations entered into in connection with the Equity Investors SPA; and absence of broker or finder fees in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Equity Investors SPA.
The equity investors further covenanted with respect to the following subjects: execution of certain related documents and taking of reasonable actions required in connection with the Equity Investors SPA; satisfaction of conditions; and securing of required consents and approvals.
Indemnification. The Equity Investors SPA also provided that Holdings II and the equity investors would indemnify each other (and their respective successors, officers, directors, employees, attorneys, consultants and agents) for losses arising from any material breach or inaccuracy of a representation or warranty, covenant, agreement or other obligations contained in the Equity Investors SPA or in any related document.
The stockholders' agreement
Overview. Each stockholder of Holdings II after the Equity Buyout was required to enter into a Stockholders' Agreement with Holdings II and the other stockholders of Holdings II. As a result of the merger of Holdings II with and into EXCO Holdings, the Stockholders' Agreement was assumed by EXCO Holdings. The Stockholders' Agreement generally prohibits stockholders of EXCO Holdings from selling or otherwise conveying their shares of EXCO Holdings common stock other than as permitted by the Stockholders' Agreement. The Stockholders' Agreement also provides, among other things, for the rights described below.
Right of first refusal. A right of first refusal exists with respect to any proposed transfer of EXCO Holdings common stock by management stockholders to a third party. Management stockholders are generally those stockholders of EXCO Holdings who are employees of EXCO Holdings or our subsidiaries. Generally, if a management stockholder intends to sell his or her shares and has a buyer for the shares, the selling management stockholder must notify the other non-selling management stockholders of the offer and the management stockholders then have the right to buy the shares, pro rata, at the offered price. If the non-selling management stockholders do not indicate their intention to acquire all of the offered shares, then EXCO Holdings has the right to purchase the remaining shares not being purchased by
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the non-selling management stockholders at the offered price. Finally, if neither the non-selling management stockholders nor EXCO Holdings purchase all of the offered shares, then the other stockholders have the right to purchase the offered shares. If there remain unpurchased shares, then the selling management stockholder may sell his or her shares to the third party buyer which made the initial offer.
Right of first offer. At any time a non-management stockholder of EXCO Holdings proposes to sell or transfer any shares of EXCO Holdings common stock, the other stockholders have a right of first offer, allowing them to make an offer to purchase the shares proposed to be sold. The right of first offer provides that a non-management stockholder who desires to sell shares of EXCO Holdings common stock must first permit the other non-selling stockholders of EXCO Holdings the right to make the first offer to purchase the shares of common stock proposed to be sold. The other non-selling EXCO Holdings stockholders (which would include management stockholders) have a designated period of time to make an offer to the selling non-management stockholder to purchase all of the shares proposed to be sold. If the selling non-management stockholder rejects the offer, such selling stockholder has sixty (60) days in which to market the shares to a third party at a price that must be greater than the price offered by the non-selling EXCO Holdings stockholders.
Right of co-sale. Each EXCO Holdings stockholder has a right of co-sale that affords such stockholder the opportunity to sell a pro rata portion of its shares when another stockholder proposes to transfer shares to any third party or to EXCO Holdings. In effect, if non-selling stockholders or EXCO Holdings do not elect to purchase offered shares pursuant to the right of first refusal or right of first offer, the non-selling stockholders have the right to sell a pro rata portion of their shares with the selling stockholder.
Drag-along right. In the event that one or more stockholders holding at least 50% of the outstanding shares of common stock of EXCO Holdings proposes to sell or transfer all of the shares held by it to a third party, such stockholder may require the non-selling stockholders to sell or transfer all of their shares in the manner and on the same terms and conditions that apply to the selling stockholder or stockholders.
Preemptive rights. All stockholders are given preemptive rights. Subject to customary limitations, in the event EXCO Holdings proposes to issue, grant or sell additional common stock, each stockholder shall have the right to purchase its pro rata amount of additional shares of such common stock. Preemptive rights do not apply to shares issued pursuant to this offering or in connection with a merger or other acquisition transaction with respect to EXCO Holdings.
Voting provisions. The Stockholders' Agreement provides that each party will vote all of its shares for the directors designated in the Stockholders' Agreement. In addition to its effect on the voting rights of the stockholders, the Stockholders' Agreement could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control.
Termination of the Stockholders' Agreement. The Stockholders Agreement will terminate upon the consummation of this offering.
The registration rights agreement
Overview. Each stockholder of Holdings II after the Equity Buyout was required to enter into a Registration Rights Agreement with Holdings II and the other stockholders of Holdings II. The Registration Rights Agreement was amended and restated pursuant to the terms and
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conditions of the First Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, or the Registration Rights Agreement. As a result of the merger of Holdings II with and into EXCO Holdings and upon consummation of the merger of EXCO Holdings into us, the Registration Rights Agreement will be assumed by us. The Registration Rights Agreement entitles the EXCO Holdings stockholders to certain rights with respect to the registration of shares of our common stock for resale under the Securities Act.
Registrations. Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, after this offering, all holders of unregistered shares of our common stock who are subject to the Registration Rights Agreement can require us to register their shares in certain circumstances. In addition, at any time that we file a registration statement registering other shares, the holders of shares subject to the Registration Rights Agreement can require that we include their shares in such registration statement, subject to certain exceptions.
At any time on or after 180 days after the completion of this offering, any holder of unregistered shares of our common stock who is party to the Registration Rights Agreement may request that we register up to one-third of the holder's registrable securities in a resale registration statement. At any time on or after 365 days after the completion of this offering, any holder of registrable securities may again require us to register up to an additional one-third of the holder's registrable securities initially covered by the Registration Rights Agreement in the same manner as the initial resale registration was made. A similar demand right will be invocable by any holder with respect to its remaining registrable securities commencing 540 days after completion of this offering. Upon any such request for registration, we would then be required to give notice of the requested registration to all other holders of registrable securities to allow such other holders to register up to one-third of their registrable securities on the same registration statement. Following this offering, we may request in writing that J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. (or the lead underwriter and sole stabilization agent of this offering, if other than J.P. Morgan Securities Inc.) to waive the registration waiting periods and registration volume limitations on resale registrations described in this paragraph. Upon or without such a request, J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. (or such other underwriter), in its sole discretion and based upon its evaluation of market conditions, the historical trading activity and liquidity of our common shares and other considerations it deems relevant, may waive continued application of the registration waiting periods and registration volume limitations described in this paragraph.
If EXCO Holdings (or, after the merger of EXCO Holdings into us, we) at any time or from time to time proposes to register any of its securities under the Securities Act, other than in an initial public offering or registrations on Form S-4 or Form S-8, then all holders, or all former holders, of EXCO Holdings registrable securities, if such shares have not been previously registered, will be entitled to piggyback registration rights, allowing them to have their shares included in the registration. These piggyback registrations are subject to delay or termination of the registration in certain circumstances.
Postponements and limitations. Under certain circumstances, we may postpone a registration if our board of directors determines in good faith that effecting such a registration or continuing the disposition of common stock would have a material adverse effect on us, or would not be in our best interests. Furthermore, the underwriters of the registration may, subject to certain limitations, limit the number of shares included in the registration.
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Founders common stock. The Registration Rights Agreement provides, until the third anniversary of the Registration Rights Agreement, that the holders of our common stock representing common stock of Holdings II issued prior to the Equity Buyout, or the founders, may only sell their common stock pursuant to an effective registration statement covering the resale of such founder's shares and may not sell their shares pursuant to Rule 144 or any other exemption from registration or otherwise.
Amendments and waivers. The provisions of the Registration Rights Agreement may not be amended, terminated or waived without the written consent of us, of holders of a majority of the shares then held by the outside investors and holders of a majority of the shares then held by the management investors.
Holdback arrangements. Upon entering into the Registration Rights Agreement, each holder of registrable securities agrees that, at the request of the sole or lead managing underwriter in an underwritten offering, it will not make any short sale of, loan, grant any option for the purchase of or effect any public sale or distribution, including a sale pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act, of any registrable securities during the five days prior to, and the time period (up to 90 days) requested by the underwriter following an underwritten offering. The holders of registrable securities will be subject to these restrictions for 180 days following the effective date of the registration statement filed with respect to this offering.
Robert Stillwell, Jr., the son of Robert L. Stillwell, one of our directors, was employed by us from October 2002 until July 2005 as a financial analyst. In connection with the Equity Buyout in 2005, Robert Stillwell, Jr. received a payment of $71,187 for certain options granted to him as compensation for his employment with us and a payment of $41,064 under the Employee Stock Participation Plan. These payments were in addition to the prorated annualized salary of $45,000 that Robert Stillwell, Jr. received during the period of his employment in 2005.
Corporate use of personal aircraft
During 2003, 2004 and 2005, EXCO Resources has reimbursed DHM Aviation, LLC, a company owned by Mr. Douglas H. Miller, for the use of an aircraft owned by DHM Aviation on corporate business. In 2003, the reimbursement totaled approximately $100,000. In 2004, the reimbursement totaled approximately $484,000, which does not reflect $93,000 in reimbursements that EXCO Resources received from the underwriters of its senior notes offering for the use of Mr. Miller's aircraft. We pay an hourly rate of $2,500 for the use of the aircraft as well as catering expenses.
Intercompany promissory note
On October 7, 2005, EXCO Resources agreed to provide a revolving line of credit for the benefit of its parent, EXCO Holdings, in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $10.0 million. This indebtedness is evidenced by an intercompany promissory note, which bears interest at 7.0% per annum and matures on October 7, 2007.
We believe that the terms of the transactions described above, each taken as whole, were at least as favorable to us as could have been obtained through arm's length negotiations with unaffiliated third parties. In the future, any transactions with our affiliates will be subject to compliance with our conflicts of interest policy set forth in our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics. The policy defines a conflict of interest as any instance in which an individual's private interest interferes, or appears to interfere, with the interests of the Company. Procedures are set out for reporting, assessing and handling a conflict of interest when it arises. In addition, any transaction that would influence an employee to act in a manner other than in the best interest of the Company or that involves an undisclosed personal benefit is prohibited.
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The following table sets forth as of December 31, 2005 the number and percentage of shares of the common stock of EXCO Holdings (and after the merger of EXCO Holdings into EXCO Resources, of EXCO Resources) beneficially owned by:
Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC. In computing the number of shares beneficially owned by a person and the percentage ownership of that person, shares of common stock subject to options held by that person that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of December 31, 2005 are deemed outstanding, but are not deemed outstanding for computing the percentage ownership of any other person. Percentage of beneficial ownership is based upon 50,000,000 shares of common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2005. To our knowledge, except as set forth in the footnotes to this table and subject to applicable community property laws, each person named in the table has sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares set forth opposite such person's name. Unless otherwise indicated in a footnote, the address for each individual listed below is c/o EXCO Resources, Inc., 12377 Merit Drive, Suite 1700, Dallas, Texas 75251.
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Named executive officers | ||||||||||
Douglas H. Miller(4) | 4,979,223 | 426,250 | 10.0% | % | ||||||
Stephen F. Smith(5) | 682,488 | 95,825 | 1.4% | (9 | ) | |||||
J. Douglas Ramsey, Ph.D.(6) | 713,197 | 41,675 | 1.4% | (9 | ) | |||||
Harold L. Hickey | 296,140 | 41,675 | (9 | ) | (9 | ) | ||||
Directors |
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Jeffrey D. Benjamin | 474,503 | 12,500 | (9 | ) | (9 | ) | ||||
Earl E. Ellis | 474,503 | 12,500 | (9 | ) | (9 | ) | ||||
Robert H. Niehaus(7) | 2,356,982 | 12,500 | 4.7% | % | ||||||
Boone Pickens(8) | 12,950,733 | 12,500 | 25.9% | % | ||||||
Robert L. Stillwell | 39,200 | 12,500 | (9 | ) | (9 | ) | ||||
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All executive officers and directors as a group (9 persons) | 22,966,969 | 667,925 | 45.9% | % | ||||||
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Our articles of incorporation permit the issuance of up to 250,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001. Upon the completion of this offering, shares of our common stock and no shares of preferred stock will be outstanding. The following description of our capital stock is intended to be a summary, and you should read it in conjunction with our amended and restated articles of incorporation filed with the SEC.
Common stock
Under our articles of incorporation, we may issue 250,000,000 shares of common stock, with a par value of $0.001 per share. As of December 31, 2005, there were 50,000,000 shares outstanding. All shares of our common stock have one vote per share. Shareholders may not utilize cumulative voting for the election of directors. The vote or concurrence of two-thirds of the outstanding voting shares of our common stock is necessary to effectuate:
Shareholders of our common stock may receive dividends, when and as declared by the board of directors, if funds are legally available for the payment of dividends. Shares of our common stock have no preemptive, conversion, sinking fund, redemption or similar provisions. In the event of our liquidation, shareholders of our common stock participate on a pro rata basis in the distribution of any of our assets that are remaining after the payment of liabilities and any liquidation preference on outstanding shares of preferred stock. All outstanding shares of our common stock are fully paid and nonassessable.
We have reserved a total of 10,000,000 shares of our common stock for issuance under our 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan. As of December 31, 2005, we have granted options to purchase 4,979,575 shares of common stock and 5,020,425 shares remain available for grants of stock options under the plan.
Preferred stock
Our articles of incorporation authorize the issuance of up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock. We may issue the preferred stock in series, and the shares of each series shall have rights and preferences as designated by the resolution of the board of directors. In the designation of any series of preferred stock, the board of directors has authority, without further action by the holders of our common stock, to fix the number of shares constituting that series and to fix the dividend rights, dividend rate, conversion rights, terms of redemption and the liquidation preferences of that series of preferred stock. The issuance of preferred stock could adversely affect the voting power of holders of our common stock and the likelihood that
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holders of our common stock will receive dividend payments and payments upon liquidation and could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control.
As of October 31, 2005, there were no shares of preferred stock outstanding. Under the Texas Business Corporation Act, or TBCA, class voting is required in connection with certain amendments of a corporation's charter, a merger or consolidation requiring shareholder approval (if the plan of merger or consolidation contains any provision which if contained in a charter amendment would require class voting) and certain sales of all or substantially all of the corporation's assets.
Registration rights
After the closing of this offering, the current holders of our common stock will be entitled to certain rights with respect to the registration of such shares under the Securities Act. A total of 50,000,000 shares of common stock is covered by the Registration Rights Agreement. Any holder who is a party to this agreement has the right, commencing 180 days after completion of this offering, to require us to register for resale up to one-third of its shares of common stock. All other parties to the Registration Rights Agreement would then have the right to require us to register for resale up to one-third of their shares of common stock on the same registration statement. The same rights would exist commencing 365 days and 540 days after completion of this offering for an additional one-third of their shares at each such anniversary. Following this offering, however, these time and volume restrictions may be waived by J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. based on its evaluation of market and other conditions. In the event that we propose to register any of our securities under the Securities Act, either for our own account or for the account of other security holders, these holders are entitled to notice of such registration and are entitled to include their common stock in such registration, subject to certain marketing and other limitations. We may, in certain circumstances, defer such registrations and the underwriters have the right, subject to certain limitations, to limit the number of shares included in such registrations. In an underwritten offering, the managing underwriter, if any, has the right, subject to specified conditions, to limit the number of registrable securities such holders may include. Additionally, piggyback registrations are subject to delay or termination of the registration under certain circumstances. The underwriters named in this prospectus have notified us that no holders of registration rights will be permitted to include any of their shares in this offering. For more information with respect to the registration rights of our security holders, see "Related party transactionsEquity BuyoutThe registration rights agreement."
Anti-takeover effects of provisions of the amended and restated articles of incorporation and bylaws
Our articles of incorporation currently permit our board to issue up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock and to establish, by resolution, one or more series of preferred stock and the powers, designations, preferences and participating, optional or other special rights of each share of preferred stock. The preferred stock may be issued on terms that are unfavorable to the holders of our common stock, including the grant of superior voting rights, the grant of preferences in favor of preferred shareholders in the payment of dividends and upon our liquidation and the designation of conversion rights that entitle holders of our preferred stock
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to convert their shares into our common stock on terms that are dilutive to holders of our common stock.
The issuance of preferred stock in future offerings may make a takeover or change in control of us more difficult, and may discourage an attempt to obtain control of us by means of a proxy contest, tender offer, merger or otherwise. It could, therefore, prevent shareholders from receiving a premium over the market price for the shares of common stock they hold.
Our articles of incorporation will be amended to provide that special meetings of our shareholders may be called by one or more shareholders only if such shareholder(s) hold shares aggregating at least 25% of our outstanding common stock. Finally, our articles of incorporation will be amended to provide that shareholders seeking to bring business before, or to nominate candidates for election as directors at, an annual meeting of shareholders must provide timely notice of their proposal in writing to the corporate secretary. We anticipate that to be timely, a shareholders' notice would have to be delivered or mailed to and received by our corporate secretary at our principal offices on or between the 90 th and 180 th day before the anniversary of the preceding year's annual meeting. These provisions could have the effect of discouraging attempts to acquire us or change the policies formulated by our management even if some or a majority of our shareholders believe these actions are in their best interest. These provisions could, therefore, prevent shareholders from receiving a premium over the market price for the shares of common stock they hold.
Texas law and certain corporate provisions
Prior to completion of this offering we intend to amend our articles of incorporation to opt out of the provisions of Article 13 of the TBCA. This statute prohibits a publicly-held Texas corporation from engaging in selected types of business combinations with an affiliated shareholder for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person becomes an affiliated shareholder. An otherwise prohibited business combination is permissible if:
An affiliated shareholder is a person who, together with or through affiliates and associates, beneficially owns or within the preceding three years was the beneficial owner of 20% or more of our outstanding voting stock. Article 13 defines a business combination to include any merger, share exchange, conversion, asset based transaction, or other transaction that results in a financial benefit to the affiliated shareholder or an associate or affiliate of the affiliated shareholder.
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Limitations on liability
As authorized by Article 1302-7.06 of the Texas Miscellaneous Corporation Laws Act, our articles of incorporation provide that to the fullest extent permitted by Texas law, our directors will have no personal liability to us or our shareholders for monetary damages for breach or alleged breach of the directors' duty of care. This provision in the articles of incorporation will not eliminate the directors' liability resulting from suits by third parties, and does not affect our ability or the ability of our shareholders to obtain equitable remedies. Each director will continue to be subject to liability for:
Transfer agent and registrar
The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, 17 Battery Place, New York, New York 10004-1123, (212) 509-4000.
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Shares eligible for future sale
There has been no market for our common stock. Future sales of substantial amounts of common stock, including shares issued upon exercise of outstanding options, in the public market could adversely affect prevailing market prices. Furthermore, as described below, 50,000,000 shares of common stock will be available for sale after the expiration of the lock-up agreements between us and the underwriters. Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market after contractual restrictions lapse could adversely affect the prevailing market price and our ability to raise capital in the future.
Upon completion of this offering, we will have outstanding shares of common stock and outstanding options to purchase shares of common stock, assuming no exercise of the underwriters' over-allotment option and no exercise of outstanding stock options. Of these shares, all of the shares of the common stock sold in this offering will be freely tradable without restriction under the Securities Act unless purchased by our affiliates as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act. The remaining shares of common stock outstanding will be restricted securities under Rule 144 and may in the future be sold without registration under the Securities Act to the extent permitted by Rule 144 or any other applicable exemption under the Securities Act, subject to the restrictions on transfer contained in the lock-up agreements described below in "Underwriting."
Lock-up agreements
In connection with this offering, we, our executive officers, directors and certain shareholders will enter into 180 day lock-up agreements with the underwriters of this offering under which neither we nor they may, for a period of 180 days after the date of this prospectus, directly or indirectly sell or dispose of any shares of common stock or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for shares of common stock without the prior written consent of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., except for certain dispositions.
The 180 day restricted period described in the preceding paragraph may be automatically extended if: (1) during the last 17 days of the initial 180 day restricted period we issue an earnings release or announce material news or a material event; or (2) prior to the expiration of the initial 180 day restricted period, we announce that we will release earnings results during the 16 day period beginning on the last day of the initial 180 day period, in which case the restrictions described in the preceding paragraph will continue to apply until the expiration of the 18 day period beginning on the date of issuance of the earnings release or the occurrence of the material news or material event.
Rule 144
In general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect, beginning 90 days after the date of this prospectus, a person who has beneficially owned shares of our common stock for at least one year would be entitled to sell within any three-month period a number of shares that does not exceed the greater of: (1) 1% of the number of shares of our common stock then outstanding, which will equal approximately shares immediately after this offering; or (2) the average weekly trading volume of our common stock on the NYSE during the four calendar weeks preceding the filing of a notice on Form 144. Sales under Rule 144 are also subject to
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manner of sale provisions and notice requirements and to the availability of current public information about us.
Under Rule 144(k), a person who has not been one of our affiliates at any time during the 90 days preceding a sale, and who has beneficially owned the shares proposed to be sold for at least two years, is entitled to sell those shares without complying with the manner of sale, public information, volume limitation or notice provisions of Rule 144.
Rule 701
In general, under Rule 701, any of our employees, directors, officers, consultants or advisors who purchased shares from us in connection with a compensatory stock or option plan or other written agreement before the effective date of this offering, or who purchased shares from us after that date upon the exercise of options granted before that date, may be eligible to resell such shares in reliance upon Rule 144. If such person is not an affiliate, such sale may be made under Rule 144 without compliance with its one-year minimum holding period, but subject to the other Rule 144 restrictions. However, some of the shares that we have issued under Rule 701 are subject to lock-up agreements, which shares will only become eligible for sale when the 180 day lock-up agreements expire.
Stock options
In addition, on December 31, 2005, employee stock options to purchase a total of 4,979,575 shares of common stock were outstanding pursuant to our 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan. Of these 4,979,575 shares, 1,245,738 are currently exercisable. We had reserved a total of 10,000,000 shares of our common stock for issuance under the plan. We intend to file a registration statement on Form S-8 under the Securities Act to register the issuance and resale of those shares issuable under our stock option plan. That registration statement automatically becomes effective upon filing. As a result, when the options are exercised, such shares issuable on exercise thereof will be freely tradable under the Securities Act, except that any shares held by "affiliates," as that term is defined in Rule 144, would be subject to limitations and restrictions that are described above. For a discussion of key terms of our stock option plan, see "Management2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan."
Registration rights
We have entered into a Registration Rights Agreement with all of the holders of our common stock. Pursuant to this agreement, after this offering, holders of the shares of our common stock can require us to register their shares in certain circumstances. In addition, at any time that we file a registration statement registering other shares, the holders of shares subject to the Registration Rights Agreement can require that we include their shares in such registration statement, subject to certain exceptions. For more information on the terms of the Registration Rights Agreement, see "Related party transactionsEquity BuyoutThe registration rights agreement."
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Certain United States federal income and estate tax
consequences to non-U.S. holders
The following is a summary of the material United States federal income and estate tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of shares of our common stock as of the date hereof. Except where noted, this summary deals only with shares of common stock that are held as capital assets by a non-U.S. holder.
A "non-U.S. holder" means a person, other than a partnership, that is not for United States federal income tax purposes any of the following:
This summary is based upon provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, and regulations, rulings and judicial decisions as of the date hereof. Those authorities may be changed, perhaps retroactively, so as to result in United States federal income and estate tax consequences different from those summarized below. This summary does not address all aspects of United States federal income and estate taxes and does not deal with foreign, state, local or other tax considerations that may be relevant to non-U.S. holders in light of their personal circumstances. In addition, it does not represent a detailed description of the United States federal income and estate tax consequences applicable to you if you are subject to special treatment under the United States federal income tax laws, including if you are a United States expatriate, "controlled foreign corporation," "passive foreign investment company," or an investor in a pass-through entity. We cannot assure you that a change in law will not alter significantly the tax considerations that we describe in this summary.
If a partnership holds shares of our common stock, the tax treatment of a partner will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. If you are a partner of a partnership holding shares of our common stock, you should consult your own tax advisors.
If you are considering the purchase of shares of our common stock, you should consult your own tax advisors concerning the particular United States federal income and estate tax consequences to you of the ownership of shares of the common stock, as well as the consequences to you arising under the laws of any other taxing jurisdiction.
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Dividends
Dividends paid to a non-U.S. holder of shares of our common stock generally will be subject to withholding of United States federal income tax at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty. However, dividends that are effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business by the non-U.S. holder within the United States are not subject to the withholding tax, provided certain certification and disclosure requirements are satisfied. Instead, such dividends are subject to United States federal income tax on a net income basis in the same manner as if the non-U.S. holder were a United States person as defined under the Code, unless an applicable income tax treaty provides otherwise. Any such effectively connected dividends received by a foreign corporation may be subject to an additional "branch profits tax" at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty.
A non-U.S. holder of shares of our common stock who wishes to claim the benefit of an applicable treaty rate and avoid backup withholding, as discussed below, for dividends will be required to (a) complete Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN or other applicable form and certify under penalties of perjury that such holder is not a United States person as defined under the Code or (b) if shares of our common stock are held through certain foreign intermediaries, satisfy the relevant certification requirements of applicable United States Treasury regulations. Special certification and other requirements apply to certain non-U.S. holders that are pass-through entities rather than corporations or individuals.
A non-U.S. holder of shares of our common stock eligible for a reduced rate of United States withholding tax pursuant to an income tax treaty may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld by filing an appropriate claim for refund with the Internal Revenue Service.
Gain on disposition of shares of common stock
Any gain realized on the disposition of shares of our common stock generally will not be subject to United States federal income tax unless:
An individual non-U.S. holder described in the first bullet point immediately above will be subject to tax on the net gain derived from the sale under regular graduated United States federal income tax rates. An individual non-U.S. holder described in the second bullet point immediately above will be subject to a flat 30% tax on the gain derived from the sale, which may be offset by United States source capital losses, even though the individual is not considered a resident of the United States. If a non-U.S. holder that is a foreign corporation falls under the first bullet point immediately above, it will be subject to tax on its net gain in the same manner as if it were a United States person as defined under the Code and, in
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addition, may be subject to the branch profits tax equal to 30% or at such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty on its effectively connected earnings and profits.
We believe that we currently are a United States real property holding corporation, or USRPHC, for United States federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, a non-U.S. holder of shares of our common stock may be required to recognize gain or loss on the disposition of shares of our common stock to the extent that the amount of cash and/or the fair market value of any property received exceeds, or is less than, the non-U.S. holder's tax basis in its shares of our common stock. This gain or loss will treated as effectively connected with a trade or business conducted by the non-U.S. holder in the United States, regardless of whether the non-U.S. holder is actually engaged in such trade or business. Consequently, such non-U.S. holder will be subject to tax on the net gain or loss derived from the sale under regular graduated United States federal income tax rates. Moreover, 10% of the amount realized by the non-U.S. holder upon the disposition of shares of our common stock generally must be withheld and paid over to the U.S. tax authorities unless the non-U.S. holder timely obtains from the Internal Revenue Service and submits to the transferee a withholding certificate providing for a reduced rate of withholding. Notwithstanding the foregoing, so long as our common stock is regularly traded on an established securities market (such as the New York Stock Exchange), a non-U.S. holder will not be subject to these special rules but may be subject to taxation on the disposition of shares of our common stock pursuant to the rules discussed earlier if the non-U.S. holder has not held more than 5% of our common stock at any time during the shorter of (i) the period during which the non-U.S. holder has held shares of our common stock or (ii) the 5-year period ending on the date of the disposition.
Amounts that are withheld upon the disposition of shares of our common stock may be credited against the United States federal income tax liability of the non-U.S. holder. If the amount withheld exceeds the reported United States federal income tax liability of the non-U.S holder, the excess may be refunded.
Federal estate tax
Shares of common stock held by an individual non-U.S. holder at the time of death will be included in such holder's gross estate for United States federal estate tax purposes, unless an applicable estate tax treaty provides otherwise.
Information reporting and backup withholding
We must report annually to the Internal Revenue Service and to each non-U.S. holder the amount of dividends paid to such holder and the tax withheld with respect to such dividends, regardless of whether withholding was required. Copies of the information returns reporting such dividends and withholding may also be made available to the tax authorities in the country in which the non-U.S. holder resides under the provisions of an applicable income tax treaty.
A non-U.S. holder will be subject to backup withholding for dividends paid to such holder unless such holder certifies under penalty of perjury that it is a non-U.S. holder and the payor does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that such holder is a United States person as defined under the Code, or such holder otherwise establishes an exemption.
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Information reporting and, depending on the circumstances, backup withholding will apply to the proceeds of a sale of shares of our common stock within the United States or conducted through certain United States-related financial intermediaries, unless the beneficial owner certifies under penalty of perjury that it is a non-U.S. holder and the payor does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that the beneficial owner is a United States person as defined under the Code, or such owner otherwise establishes an exemption.
Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules may be allowed as a refund or a credit against a non-U.S. holder's United States federal income tax liability provided the required information is furnished to the Internal Revenue Service.
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We are offering the shares of common stock described in this prospectus through a number of underwriters. J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. and Goldman, Sachs & Co. are acting as joint book running managers of the offering and as representatives of the underwriters. We have entered into an underwriting agreement with the underwriters. Subject to the terms and conditions of the underwriting agreement, we have agreed to sell to the underwriters, and each underwriter has severally agreed to purchase, at the public offering price less the underwriting discounts and commissions set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, the number of shares of common stock listed next to its name in the following table:
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Underwriters
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Number of shares
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J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. | ||
Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. | ||
Goldman, Sachs & Co. | ||
A.G. Edwards & Sons, Inc. | ||
Credit Suisse First Boston LLC | ||
KeyBanc Capital Markets, a division of McDonald Investments Inc. | ||
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Total | ||
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The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the several underwriters to purchase shares of our common stock are subject to the satisfaction of the conditions contained in the underwriting agreement, which include that:
The underwriters are committed to purchase all the common shares offered by us if they purchase any shares. The underwriting agreement also provides that if an underwriter defaults, the purchase commitments of non-defaulting underwriters may also be increased or the offering may be terminated.
The underwriters propose to offer the common shares directly to the public at the initial public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus and to certain dealers at that price less a concession not in excess of $ per share. Any such dealers may resell shares to certain other brokers or dealers at a discount of up to $ per share from the initial public offering price. After the initial public offering of the shares, the offering price and other selling terms may be changed by the underwriters. Sales of shares made outside of the United States may be made by affiliates of the underwriters. The representatives have advised us that
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the underwriters do not intend to confirm discretionary sales in excess of 5% of the common shares offered in this offering.
The underwriters have an option to buy up to additional shares of common stock from us to cover sales of shares by the underwriters which exceed the number of shares specified in the table above. The underwriters have 30 days from the date of this prospectus to exercise this over-allotment option. If any shares are purchased with this over-allotment option, the underwriters will purchase shares in approximately the same proportion as shown in the table above. If any additional shares of common stock are purchased, the underwriters will offer the additional shares on the same terms as those on which the shares are being offered.
The underwriting fee is equal to the public offering price per share of common stock less the amount paid by the underwriters to us per share of common stock. The underwriting fee is $ per share. The following table shows the per share and total underwriting discounts and commissions to be paid to the underwriters assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters' option to purchase additional shares.
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Without
over-allotment exercise |
With full
over-allotment exercise |
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Per share | $ | $ | ||||
Total | $ | $ | ||||
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We estimate that the total expenses of this offering payable by us, including registration, filing and listing fees, printing fees and legal and accounting expenses, but excluding underwriting discounts and commissions, will be approximately $ .
We have directed the underwriters to reserve up to shares of common stock for sale to our directors, officers and employees at the initial public offering price through a directed share program. The number of shares of common stock available for sale to the general public in the public offering will be reduced to the extent these persons purchase any reserved shares. Any shares not so purchased will be offered by the underwriters to the general public on the same basis as other shares offered hereby. Shares purchased by our directors and officers in the directed share program will be subject to the lock-up agreements described below.
The offering of our shares of common stock is made for delivery when and if accepted by the underwriters and subject to prior sale and to withdrawal, cancellation or modification of this offering without notice. The underwriters reserve the right to reject an order for the purchase of shares in whole or part.
A prospectus in electronic format may be made available on the web sites maintained by one or more underwriters, or selling group members, if any, participating in the offering. The underwriters may agree to allocate a number of shares to underwriters and selling group members for sale to their online brokerage account holders. Internet distributions will be allocated by the representatives to underwriters and selling group members that may make Internet distributions on the same basis as other allocations.
Other than this prospectus in electronic format, the information on any underwriter's website and any information contained in any other website maintained by the underwriters is not part of this prospectus or the registration statement of which the prospectus forms a part, has not
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been approved or endorsed by us or the underwriters in its capacity as underwriter and should not be relied upon by investors.
We and each of our directors, executive officers, and certain other holders of shares of our common stock, have agreed not to offer, pledge, announce the intention to sell, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right, or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of our common stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for our common stock, or enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of our common stock, whether any transaction is to be settled by delivery of common stock or other securities, in cash or otherwise, without the prior written consent of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. for a period of 180 days after the date of this prospectus. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for the purpose of allowing the underwriters to comply with NASD Rule 2711(f)(4), if (1) during the last 17 days of the initial 180-day lock-up period, we issue an earnings release or material news or a material event relating to us occurs or (2) prior to the expiration of the initial 180-day lock-up period, we announce that we will release earnings results during the 16-day period beginning on the last day of the initial 180-day lock-up period, then in each case the initial 180-day lock-up period will be extended until the expiration of the 18-day period beginning on the issuance of the earnings release or the occurrence of the material news or material event, as applicable. The restrictions described in this paragraph do not apply to our sale of the shares to the underwriters in this offering, our issuance of any shares upon the exercise of options granted under existing employee stock option plans, and any issuance by us of common stock to the holder of the TXOK preferred stock in connection with the redemption of the preferred stock. They also do not apply to holders who are individuals with respect to bona fide gifts to charitable or nonprofit institutions, transfers by will or the laws of intestacy, transfers to family members (including to vehicles of which they are beneficial owners) or transfers pursuant to domestic relations or court orders, in each case so long as the transferee agrees to be bound by these restrictions. J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. has informed us that it has no current intention to release any of these restrictions prior to their expiration.
We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities, including civil liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute to payments that the underwriters may be required to make in respect of those liabilities.
We have applied for the listing of our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "XCO". In order to meet the requirements for listing on that exchange, the underwriters have undertaken to sell lots of 100 or more shares to a minimum of 2,000 beneficial holders and thereby establish at least 1,100,000 shares in the public float having a minimum aggregate market value of $60 million, as well as to sell the shares in a manner so that we have a global market capitalization of at least $750 million.
Each of the underwriters has represented and agreed that:
(a) it has not made or will not make an offer of shares to the public in the United Kingdom within the meaning of section 102B of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, as amended, or the FSMA, except to legal entities which are authorized or regulated to operate in the financial markets or, if not so authorized or regulated, whose corporate purpose is solely
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to invest in securities or otherwise in circumstances which do not require the publication by the company of a prospectus pursuant to the Prospectus Rules of the Financial Services Authority;
(b) it has only communicated or caused to be communicated and will only communicate or cause to be communicated an invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of section 21 of FSMA) to persons who have professional experience in matters relating to investments falling within Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005 or in circumstances in which section 21 of FSMA does not apply to the company; and
(c) it has complied with, and will comply with all applicable provisions of FSMA with respect to anything done by it in relation to the shares in, from or otherwise involving the United Kingdom.
In relation to each member state of the European Economic Area which has implemented the Prospectus Directive (each, a Relevant Member State), each underwriter has represented and agreed that with effect from and including the date on which the Prospectus Directive is implemented in that Relevant Member State, or the Relevant Implementation Date, it has not made and will not make an offer of shares to the public in that Relevant Member State prior to the publication of a prospectus in relation to the shares which has been approved by the competent authority in that Relevant Member State or, where appropriate, approved in another Relevant Member State and notified to the competent authority in that Relevant Member State, all in accordance with the Prospectus Directive, except that it may, with effect from and including the Relevant Implementation Date, make an offer of shares to the public in that Relevant Member State at any time:
(a) to legal entities which are authorized or regulated to operate in the financial markets or, if not so authorized or regulated, whose corporate purpose is solely to invest in securities;
(b) to any legal entity which has two or more of (1) an average of at least 250 employees during the last financial year; (2) a total balance sheet of more than €43,000,000 and (3) an annual net turnover of more than €50,000,000, as shown in its last annual or consolidated accounts; or
(c) in any other circumstances which do not require the publication by us of a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Directive.
For the purposes of this provision, the expression an "offer of shares to the public" in relation to any shares in any Relevant Member State means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the shares to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe the shares, as the same may be varied in that Relevant Member State by any measure implementing the Prospectus Directive in that Relevant Member State, and the expression Prospectus Directive means Directive 2003/71/EC and includes any relevant implementing measure in each Relevant Member State.
The shares may not be offered or sold by means of any document other than to persons whose ordinary business is to buy or sell shares or debentures, whether as principal or agent, or in circumstances which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 32) of Hong Kong, and no advertisement, invitation or document relating to the shares may be issued, whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere, which is directed at,
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or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public in Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the securities laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to shares which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to "professional investors" within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571) of Hong Kong and any rules made thereunder.
This prospectus has not been registered as a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Accordingly, this prospectus and any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the shares may not be circulated or distributed, nor may the shares be offered or sold, or be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in Singapore other than (i) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the Securities and Futures Act, Chapter 289 of Singapore, or the SFA, (ii) to a relevant person, or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A), and in accordance with the conditions, specified in Section 275 of the SFA or (iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA.
Where the shares are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 by a relevant person which is: (a) a corporation (which is not an accredited investor) the sole business of which is to hold investments and the entire share capital of which is owned by one or more individuals, each of whom is an accredited investor; or (b) a trust (where the trustee is not an accredited investor) whose sole purpose is to hold investments and each beneficiary is an accredited investor, shares, debentures and units of shares and debentures of that corporation or the beneficiaries' rights and interest in that trust shall not be transferable for 6 months after that corporation or that trust has acquired the shares under Section 275 except: (1) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the SFA or to a relevant person, or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A), and in accordance with the conditions, specified in Section 275 or the SFA; (2) where no consideration is given for the transfer; or (3) by operation of law.
The securities have not been and will not be registered under the Securities and Exchange Law of Japan and each underwriter has agreed that it will not offer or sell any securities, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to, or for the benefit of, any resident of Japan (which term as used herein means any person resident in Japan, including any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan), or to others for re-offering or resale, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to a resident of Japan, except pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of, and otherwise in compliance with, the Securities and Exchange Law and any other applicable laws, regulations and ministerial guidelines of Japan.
In connection with this offering, the underwriters may engage in stabilizing transactions, which involves making bids for, purchasing and selling shares of common stock in the open market for the purpose of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the common stock while this offering is in progress. These stabilizing transactions may include making short sales of the common stock, which involves the sale by the underwriters of a greater number of shares of common stock than they are required to purchase in this offering, and purchasing shares of common stock on the open market to cover positions created by short sales. Short sales may be "covered" shorts, which are short positions in an amount not greater than the underwriters' over allotment option referred to above, or may be "naked" shorts, which are short positions in excess of that amount. The underwriters may close out any covered short position either by exercising their over allotment option, in whole or in part, or by purchasing shares in the open market. In
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making this determination, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of shares available for purchase in the open market compared to the price at which the underwriters may purchase shares through the over allotment option. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the common stock in the open market that could adversely affect investors who purchase in this offering. To the extent that the underwriters create a naked short position, they will purchase shares in the open market to cover the position.
The underwriters have advised us that, pursuant to Regulation M of the Securities Act of 1933, they may also engage in other activities that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the common stock, including the imposition of penalty bids. This means that if the representatives of the underwriters purchase common stock in the open market in stabilizing transactions or to cover short sales, the representatives can require the underwriters that sold those shares as part of this offering to repay the underwriting discount received by them.
These activities may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of the common stock or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the common stock, and, as a result, the price of the common stock may be higher than the price that otherwise might exist in the open market. If the underwriters commence these activities, they may discontinue them at any time. The underwriters may carry out these transactions on the New York Stock Exchange, in the over the counter market or otherwise.
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our common stock. The initial public offering price will be determined by negotiations between us and the representatives of the underwriters. In determining the initial public offering price, we and the representatives of the underwriters expect to consider the following factors:
Neither we nor the underwriters can assure investors that an active trading market will develop for our common shares, or that the shares will trade in the public market at or above the initial public offering price.
Certain of the underwriters and their affiliates have provided in the past to us and our affiliates and may provide from time to time in the future certain commercial banking, financial advisory, investment banking and other services for us and such affiliates in the ordinary course of their business, for which they have received and may continue to receive customary fees and commissions. In addition, from time to time, certain of the underwriters and their affiliates may effect transactions for their own account or the account of customers, and hold on behalf of themselves or their customers, long or short positions in our debt or
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equity securities or loans, and may do so in the future. JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., Bear Stearns Corporate Lending Inc., Goldman Sachs Credit Partners L.P., Credit Suisse First Boston (acting through its Cayman Islands Branch) and McDonald Investments Inc., affiliates of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc., Goldman, Sachs & Co., Credit Suisse First Boston LLC and KeyBanc Capital Markets, respectively, are lenders under our interim loan facility. JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and KeyBank National Association, an affiliate of KeyBanc Capital Markets, are also lenders under the TXOK credit facility, and Credit Suisse First Boston (acting through its Cayman Islands Branch) is a lender under the TXOK term loan. J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. was the sole bookrunner and sole lead arranger under the interim loan facility, the TXOK credit facility, and the TXOK term loan. In addition, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., Credit Suisse First Boston (acting through its Cayman Islands Branch) and KeyBank National Association are lenders, J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. and Credit Suisse First Boston are joint lead arrangers, and J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. is sole bookrunner under our credit facility. JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. is the administrative agent for all four facilities. A portion of the proceeds from this offering will be used to repay borrowings under our interim loan facility, the TXOK credit facility and the TXOK term loan. Bear Growth Capital Partners, LLC, an affiliate of Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc., and two employees of Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. purchased in aggregate 2.0 million shares of common stock of EXCO Holdings in the Equity Buyout. We are a party to derivative financial instruments with affiliates of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. Because more than 10% of the net proceeds of this offering will be paid to affiliates of the underwriters, this offering is being conducted pursuant to Conduct Rule 2710(h) of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., or the NASD. That rule requires that the price at which shares of our common stock are to be distributed to the public can be no higher than that recommended by a "qualified independent underwriter," as defined by the NASD. A.G. Edwards & Sons, Inc. has served in that capacity and performed due diligence investigations and reviewed and participated in the preparation of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. We have agreed to indemnify A.G. Edwards & Sons, Inc. against liabilities incurred in connection with acting as a qualified independent underwriter, including liabilities under the Securities Act.
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Where you can find more information
We have filed a registration statement on Form S-1 with the SEC for the stock we are offering by this prospectus. This prospectus does not include all of the information contained in the registration statement. You should refer to the registration statement and its exhibits for additional information. Whenever we make reference in this prospectus to any of our contracts, agreements or other documents, the references are not necessarily complete and you should refer to the exhibits attached to the registration statement for copies of the actual contract, agreement or other document.
EXCO Resources voluntarily files annual, quarterly and current reports and other information with the SEC. You can read these SEC filings, and this registration statement, over the Internet at the SEC's web site at www.sec.gov . You may also read and copy any document we file with the SEC at its public reference facilities at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, DC 20549. You may also obtain copies of the documents at prescribed rates by writing to the Public Reference Section of the SEC at 450 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, DC 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the operation of the public reference facilities.
The validity of the shares of common stock offered hereby will be passed upon for us by Haynes and Boone, LLP. Certain legal matters will be passed upon for the underwriters by Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP.
The (i) financial statements of EXCO Holdings II, Inc. as of September 30, 2005 and for the period from August 12, 2005 (date of inception) to September 30, 2005, (ii) consolidated financial statements of EXCO Holdings Inc. as of December 31, 2003 and 2004 and for the period from July 28, 2003 to December 31, 2003 and for the year ended December 31, 2004, and (iii) consolidated financial statements of EXCO Resources, Inc. (Predecessor Company) for the period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003, included in this prospectus have been so included in reliance on the reports of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of such firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
The consolidated financial statements of EXCO Resources, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2002, appearing in this prospectus and Registration Statement have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their report thereon appearing elsewhere herein, and are included in reliance upon such report given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
The audited consolidated financial statements of ONEOK Energy Resources Company and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2003 and 2004 and for each of the years in the three year period ended December 31, 2004 have been included herein in reliance upon the report of KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, appearing elsewhere herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing. The audit report covering the December 31, 2004 consolidated financial statements refers to an adoption of
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Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 143, Accounting for Asset Retirement, effective January 1, 2003.
The consolidated financial statements of North Coast Energy, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2003 and 2002 and for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 and the nine months ended December 31, 2001 included in the registration statement on Form S-1 have been audited by Hausser + Taylor LLC, an independent registered public accounting firm. Such financial statements have been included in reliance upon the report of such independent registered public accounting firm given on their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
Independent petroleum engineers
Lee Keeling and Associates, Inc., independent petroleum engineers, Tulsa, Oklahoma, prepared the Proved Reserves estimates with respect to all of our properties, presented as of December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, which Proved Reserved estimates have been included in this prospectus in reliance upon the authority of said firm as experts in petroleum engineering. Lee Keeling and Associates, Inc. audited our pro forma Proved Reserve estimates presented as of September 30, 2005.
Ralph E. Davis Associates, Inc., independent reserve engineers, prepared the Proved Reserves estimates with respect to all of the ONEOK Energy properties, presented as of December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, which Proved Reserves have been included in this prospectus in reliance upon the authority of said firm as experts in reserve engineering.
The oil and natural gas reserves of North Coast included in its consolidated financial statements at December 31, 2003 are estimates by North Coast, which estimates were reviewed and agreed to by Schlumberger Data & Consulting Services, independent consulting petroleum engineers, and have been included in this prospectus upon authority of said firm as experts with respect to the matters covered by such reports and in giving such reports.
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Glossary of selected oil and natural gas terms
The following are abbreviations and definitions of terms commonly used in the oil and natural gas industry and this annual report.
Bbl. One stock tank barrel, or 42 U.S. gallons liquid volume, used in reference to oil or other liquid hydrocarbons.
Bcf. One billion cubic feet of natural gas.
Bcfe. One billion cubic feet equivalent calculated by converting one Bbl of oil or NGLs to six Mcf of natural gas.
Btu. British thermal unit, which is the heat required to raise the temperature of a one pound mass of water from 58.5 to 59.5 degrees Fahrenheit.
Completion. The installation of permanent equipment for the production of oil or natural gas, or, in the case of a dry hole, the reporting of abandonment to the appropriate agency.
Infill drilling. Drilling of a well between known producing wells to better exploit the reservoir.
Mbbl. One thousand stock tank barrels.
Mcf. One thousand cubic feet of natural gas.
Mcfe. One thousand cubic feet equivalent calculated by converting one Bbl of oil or NGLs to six Mcf of natural gas.
Mmbbl. One million stock tank barrels.
Mmbtu. One million British thermal units.
Mmcf. One million cubic feet of natural gas.
Mmcfe. One million cubic feet equivalent calculated by converting one Bbl of oil or NGLs to six Mcf of natural gas.
Mmcfe/d. One million cubic feet equivalent per day calculated by converting one Bbl of oil or NGLs to six Mcf of natural gas.
Mmmbtu. One billion British thermal units.
NGLs. The combination of ethane, propane, butane and natural gasolines that when removed from natural gas become liquid under various levels of higher pressure and lower temperature.
NYMEX. New York Mercantile Exchange.
Overriding royalty interest. An interest in an oil and/or natural gas property entitling the owner to a share of oil and natural gas production free of costs of production.
Present value of estimated future net revenues or PV-10. The present value of estimated future net revenues is an estimate of future net revenues from a property at the date indicated, without giving effect to commodity price risk management activities, after deducting production and ad valorem taxes, future capital costs, abandonment costs and operating
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expenses, but before deducting federal income taxes. The future net revenues have been discounted at an annual rate of 10% to determine their "present value." The present value is shown to indicate the effect of time on the value of the net revenue stream and should not be construed as being the fair market value of the properties. Estimates have been made using constant oil, natural gas and NGL prices and operating costs at the date indicated, at its acquisition date, or as otherwise indicated. We believe that the present value of estimated future net revenues before income taxes, while not a financial measure in accordance with GAAP, is an important financial measure used by investors and independent oil and natural gas producers for evaluating the relative significance of oil and natural gas properties and acquisitions because the tax characteristics of comparable companies can differ materially.
Proved Developed Reserves. Reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods. Additional oil and gas expected to be obtained through the application of fluid injection or other improved recovery techniques for supplementing the natural forces and mechanisms of primary recovery should be included as "proved developed reserves" only after testing by a pilot project or after the operation of an installed program has confirmed through production response that increased recovery will be achieved.
Proved Reserves. The estimated quantities of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids which geological engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions, i.e., prices and costs as of the date the estimate is made. Prices include consideration of changes in existing prices provided only by contractual arrangements, but not on escalations based upon future conditions.
Proved Undeveloped Reserves. Reserves that are expected to be recovered from new wells on undrilled acreage or from existing wells where a relatively major expenditure is required for recompletion. Reserves on undrilled acreage shall be limited to those drilling units offsetting productive units that are reasonably certain of production when drilled. Proved reserves for other undrilled units can be claimed only where it can be demonstrated with certainty that there is continuity of production from the existing productive formation. Under no circumstances should estimates for proved undeveloped reserves be attributable to any acreage for which an application of fluid injection or other improved recovery technique is contemplated, unless such techniques have been proved effective by actual tests in the area and in the same reservoir.
Recompletion. An operation within an existing well bore to make the well produce oil and/or gas from a different, separately producible zone other than the zone from which the well had been producing.
Reserve Life. The estimated productive life, in years, of a proved reservoir based upon the economic limit of such reservoir producing hydrocarbons in paying quantities assuming certain price and cost parameters. For purposes of this prospectus, reserve life is calculated by dividing the Proved Reserves (on a Mmcfe basis) at the end of the period by the daily production volumes for the month then ended, which production volume is annualized by multiplying by 365.
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Royalty interest. An interest in an oil and/or natural gas property entitling the owner to a share of oil and natural gas production free of costs of production.
Standardized Measure of discounted future net cash flows or the Standardized Measure. Under the Standardized Measure, future cash flows are estimated by applying year-end prices, adjusted for fixed and determinable escalations, to the estimated future production of year-end Proved Reserves. Future cash inflows are reduced by estimated future production and development costs based on period-end costs to determine pre-tax cash inflows. Future income taxes are computed by applying the statutory tax rate to the excess of pre-tax cash inflows over our tax basis in the associated properties. Future net cash inflows after income taxes are discounted using a 10% annual discount rate to arrive at the Standardized Measure.
3-D seismic. Geophysical data that depict the subsurface strata in three dimensions. 3-D seismic typically provides a more detailed and accurate interpretation of the subsurface strata than 2-D, or two-dimensional, seismic.
Workovers. Operations on a producing well to restore or increase production.
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Financial statements and supplementary data
Index to financial statements
Contents
F-1
F-2
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of EXCO Resources, Inc.:
The merger of EXCO Holdings Inc., (formerly EXCO Holdings II, Inc.) with and into EXCO Resources, Inc. described in Note 1 to the financial statements has not been consummated at November 22, 2005. When it has been consummated, we will be in a position to furnish the following report:
"In our opinion, the accompanying balance sheet and the related statements of operations, shareholders' deficit and cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of EXCO Resources, Inc. (formerly EXCO Holdings II, Inc.) at September 30, 2005, and the results of its operations and its cash flows from August 12, 2005 (date of inception) through September 30, 2005, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit of these statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion."
/s/
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
November 22, 2005
Dallas, Texas
F-3
EXCO Resources, Inc.
(formerly EXCO Holdings II, Inc.)
Balance sheet
As of September 30, 2005
See accompanying notes.
F-4
EXCO Resources, Inc.
(formerly EXCO Holdings II, Inc.)
Statement of operations
August 12, 2005 (date of inception)
through September 30, 2005
|
|||||||
Revenues: | |||||||
Interest income | $ | 6,109 | |||||
Expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|||
General and administrative expenses | 1,846 | ||||||
Share-based compensation | 24,966,642 | ||||||
|
|||||||
Total expenses | 24,968,488 | ||||||
|
|||||||
Loss before income taxes | (24,962,379 | ) | |||||
Provision for income taxes | 1,492 | ||||||
|
|||||||
Net loss | $ | (24,963,871 | ) | ||||
|
|||||||
Basic and diluted loss per share | $ | (7.49 | ) | ||||
|
See accompanying notes.
F-5
EXCO Resources, Inc.
(formerly EXCO Holdings II, Inc.)
Statement of cash flows
August 12, 2005 (date of inception)
through September 30, 2005
|
|||||
Operating activities: | |||||
Net loss | $ | (24,963,871 | ) | ||
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||
Stock compensation expense | 24,966,642 | ||||
Trade accounts payable | 1,846 | ||||
Income taxes payable | 1,492 | ||||
|
|||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 6,109 | ||||
Investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
Advances from TXOK Acquisition, Inc. | 650,000 | ||||
Investment in TXOK Acquisition, Inc. | (1,000 | ) | |||
|
|||||
Net cash used in investing activities | 649,000 | ||||
Financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from issuance of common stock | 33,333 | ||||
|
|||||
Net cash provided by financing activities | 33,333 | ||||
|
|||||
Net increase in cash | 688,442 | ||||
Cash at beginning of period | | ||||
|
|||||
Cash at end of period | $ | 688,442 | |||
|
|||||
Supplemental cash flow information: |
|
|
|
|
|
Formation and other deferred costs incurred but unpaid | $ | 664,954 | |||
|
See accompanying notes.
F-6
EXCO Resources, Inc.
(formerly EXCO Holdings II, Inc.)
Statement of stockholders' deficit
August 12, 2005 (date of inception)
through September 30, 2005
|
|||||||||||||||
|
Common Stock
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
Total
Stockholders' Deficit |
||||||||||||
|
Additional
Paid-in-Capital |
Accumulated
Deficit |
|||||||||||||
|
Shares
|
$
|
|||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||
Balance as of August 11, 2005 | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||
Issuance of common stock |
|
3,333,330 |
|
|
3,333 |
|
|
30,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
33,333 |
|
Share based compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24,966,642 |
|
|
|
|
|
24,966,642 |
|
Formation costs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(143,227 |
) |
|
|
|
|
(143,227 |
) |
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(24,963,871 |
) |
|
(24,963,871 |
) |
|
|||||||||||||||
Balance as of September 30, 2005 | 3,333,330 | $ | 3,333 | $ | 24,853,415 | $ | (24,963,871 | ) | $ | (107,123 | ) | ||||
|
See accompanying notes.
F-7
EXCO Resources, Inc.
(formerly EXCO Holdings II, Inc.)
Notes to consolidated financial statements
1. Basis of presentation, structure, and business strategy
EXCO Holdings II, Inc. (Holdings II) is a privately-held Delaware Corporation formed on August 12, 2005. The business plan of Holdings II is to purchase 100% of the outstanding capital stock of EXCO Holdings Inc. (Holdings), a privately held corporation that owns EXCO Resources, Inc. (EXCO). EXCO is primarily engaged in acquiring interests in producing oil and natural gas properties in North America. At its formation on August 12, 2005, a group of investors consisting of management and employees of EXCO (Founders) paid $33,333 for 3,333,330 shares of common stock in September 2005.
On October 3, 2005, Holdings II raised additional capital from the issuance of 46,666,670 shares of common stock to new equity investors and from the exchange of common stock held by the management and employees of Holdings for shares of Holdings II in connection with its purchase of Holdings for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $699.3 million. The purchase was funded by a combination of (i) $350.0 million in term loan indebtedness, including $0.7 million for working capital; (ii) approximately $183.1 million from the issuance of Holdings II common stock to new private equity investors and EXCO employees; and (iii) the exchange of approximately $166.9 million of Holdings common stock for Holdings II common stock. Upon completion of the buyout of Holdings, Holdings II was merged with and into Holdings. Holdings is now in the process of pursuing an underwritten initial public offering of the common stock of EXCO. Assuming successful completion of the initial public offering, Holdings will then merge with EXCO. Accordingly, these are the financial statements of Holdings II at September 30, 2005, but in the name of EXCO due to its subsequent mergers with and into Holdings and then with and into EXCO.
Upon completion of the purchase of Holdings, the pro forma financial information, as of September 30, 2005, of Holdings II was as follows (in thousands):
Total assets | $ | 1,536,960 | |
Total liabilities | $ | 1,187,067 | |
Stockholders' equity | $ | 349,893 |
Pro forma results of operations (derived from Holdings unaudited consolidated statement of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2005) (in thousands):
Oil and natural gas revenues | $ | 131,469 | ||
Total revenues and other income | $ | (38,737 | ) | |
Loss from continuing operations | $ | (73,979 | ) |
F-8
2. Summary of significant accounting policies
Cash equivalents and marketable securities
Holdings II considers all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Holdings II does not have any investment securities other than cash equivalents as of September 30, 2005.
Management estimates
In preparing financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, we are required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The most significant estimates pertain to the stock compensation expense associated with shares issued to Founders and estimated incurred but unbilled professional fees for services related to the formation costs of Holdings II and debt issuance costs. Actual costs may differ from the estimates used by management.
Share-based compensation
The Founders of Holdings II cost basis in their shares is $0.01 per share. Based on the estimated fair value of $7.50 per share for the additional common stock to be sold by Holdings II, it was determined that the Founders received compensation value for their 3,333,330 shares purchased when Holdings II was formed. For purposes of determining the fair market value, Holdings II relied on the willingness of the additional equity investors to pay a $7.50 per share price and on internal valuation estimates of EXCO. There were no valuation specialists retained to analyze or provide an opinion on the price. Pursuant to the $7.50 per share price, the accompanying Statement of Operations includes a charge of $24,966,642 for stock compensation expense, for promotional services provided to Holdings II equal to the difference in the price per share paid by the Founders and the fair market price per share of the additional common stock contemplated to be sold to new equity investors in Holdings II.
Stock options
SFAS No. 123(R), "Share-Based Payment," was issued December 16, 2004, and is a revision of SFAS No. 123. SFAS No. 123(R) supersedes APB No. 25 and amends SFAS No. 95, "Statement of Cash Flows." Generally, the approach in SFAS No. 123(R) is similar to the approach described in SFAS No. 123. However, SFAS No. 123(R) will require all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in our consolidated statements of operations based on their estimated fair values as the services are performed. The pro forma disclosure allowed by APB 25 is no longer an alternative.
Holdings II did not have any issued and outstanding stock options as of September 30, 2005. However, the 2005 Long-Term Incentive plan was adopted by the Board of Directors and approved by the stockholders in September 2005. A total of 10,000,000 shares of common stock have been authorized for issuance under this plan. Stock options granted under this plan will be accounted for under SFAS 123(R).
As of October 5, 2005, a total of 4,985,950 stock options to purchase shares of Holdings II common stock were outstanding, of which 1,246,488 are currently exercisable. The exercise price for each option is $7.50 per share. The options expire ten years from the date of grant. Pursuant to the option award, 25% are immediately vested with an additional 25% vesting occurring on each of the next three anniversaries of the date of grant.
F-9
Investments
Holdings II uses the cost method to account for its investment in TXOK Acquisition, Inc. (TXOK). See "Note 3Investment in ONEOK Energy Acquisition, Inc."
Deferred costs
Costs incurred for the proposed equity buyout, contemplated debt financing, and the anticipated initial public offering are deferred until each of the transactions is closed or expensed in the period in which it becomes probable the transaction will not occur.
Income taxes
Income taxes are accounted for using the liability method under which deferred income taxes are recognized for the future tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amount in the financial statements and the tax basis of existing assets and liabilities using the enacted statutory tax rates at year-end. The effect on deferred taxes for a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance for deferred tax assets is recorded when it is more likely than not that the benefit from the deferred tax asset will not be realized. As of September 30, 2005, there were no deferred tax liabilities or assets. The $24,966,642 of non-cash stock compensation expense for promotional services is not deductible for tax purposes.
Earnings per share
SFAS No. 128, "Earnings per share," requires companies to present two calculations of earnings per share; basic and diluted. Basic loss per common share from August 12, 2005 (date of inception) through September 30, 2005 is computed by dividing the net loss of $25.0 million by the 3,333,330 weighted average common shares outstanding during the period. Holdings II does not have any securities which are convertible into common stock or any options, warrants or other instruments which could be considered a common stock equivalent. Therefore, diluted loss per share is equal to basic loss per share.
3. Investment in TXOK Acquisition, Inc.
On September 16, 2005 Holdings II incorporated TXOK, a Delaware corporation with a $1,000 investment in TXOK common stock. TXOK was formed to acquire (i) all the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of ONEOK Energy Resources Company (ONEOK Energy) and (ii) all of the issued and outstanding membership interests of ONEOK Energy Resources Holdings, LLC (ONEOK Energy LLC). ONEOK Energy was wholly-owned by ONEOK, Inc., a Tulsa-based public utility company, and ONEOK Energy LLC was owned by ONEOK Energy.
The ONEOK Energy acquisition closed on September 27, 2005. The purchase price paid at closing, based upon adjustments as of that date, was $642.9 million. TXOK funded the ONEOK Energy acquisition with (i) $20.0 million in private debt financing from the preferred stockholder and another private investor; (ii) the issuance of $150.0 million 15% redeemable, participating, convertible preferred stock; (iii) a TXOK bank credit facility, with an initial borrowing base of $325.0 million, of which approximately $308.8 million was drawn at the closing of the ONEOK Energy acquisition; and (iv) a TXOK second lien bank term loan facility of $200.0 million. Proceeds TXOK received under these facilites in excess of the purchase price were used to fund the fees and expenses of the ONEOK Energy acquisition with the remainder being held for working capital purposes.
F-10
On October 7, 2005, EXCO advanced $4.0 million and combined with available cash at Holdings, Holdings made a $20.0 million investment in TXOK class B common stock. The TXOK preferred stock has full voting rights to vote with the TXOK common stock on all matters submitted to a vote by stockholders. Accordingly, holders of the TXOK preferred stock currently hold voting control of TXOK. Pursuant to the preferred stock purchase agreement, each of TXOK and Holdings II agreed that if the proceeds of an inital public offering of the shares of its or its subsidiary's capital stock are not sufficient to redeem all of the outstanding shares of TXOK preferred stock, then each of TXOK and Holdings II will use its reasonable best efforts to redeem all of the TXOK preferred stock with available cash and available borrowings under its credit facilities. If the TXOK preferred stock is not redeemed on or before September 27, 2006, the TXOK preferred stock and accumulated dividends will automatically convert into common stock representing 90% of the outstanding common stock of TXOK. Holdings II accounts for its investment in TXOK using the cost method of accounting.
The properties acquired in the ONEOK Energy acquisition include 1,041 gross (445.1 net) producing oil and natural gas wells in Texas and Oklahoma. Combined, the acquired companies have Proved Reserves (estimated as of July 31, 2005) of approximately 223.3 Bcfe of oil and natural gas, and 151 miles of natural gas gathering lines. The acquired properties produced an average of 905 Bbls of oil per day and 47.7 Mmcf of natural gas per day during September 2005.
In connection with the ONEOK Energy acquisition, EXCO hired 57 employees of ONEOK in October 2005 that have historically worked on these assets and will direct these operations from a new office in Tulsa, Oklahoma.
The preferred stockholder and another private investor funded a total of $20.0 million in loans to TXOK (via Holdings II) to fund the $19.4 million in deposits paid in connection with the ONEOK Energy acquisition. These loans and interest of $0.1 million was repaid by TXOK on October 7, 2005 with the proceeds from Holdings investment in TXOK class B common stock. These private investors also entered into contracts with TXOK to render financial advisory services to TXOK pursuant to which they were paid approximately $4.9 million on October 7, 2005.
4. Concentration of credit risk and fair value of financial instruments
Financial instruments that expose Holdings II to a concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash and trade accounts payable and estimated liabilities incurred related to the formation of Holdings II and costs incurred to execute its business plan which include, but are not limited to, legal fees for (i) the stock offering memorandum, (ii) stockholder agreements with the Founders and new equity investors, (iii) registration rights agreements, and (iv) costs associated with anticipated bank credit facilities to facilitate the purchase of 100% of the equity of Holdings. Cash is placed with high credit quality financial institutions. The carrying value of payables and accrued liabilities approximates fair value due to their short maturities.
5. Related party transactions
Certain members of the Board of Directors and Executive Management of Holdings II hold similar capacities in Holdings, EXCO, and TXOK. In addition to the executive management, there were approximately fifty stockholders of Holdings II that are also employees of EXCO.
F-11
While Holdings II does not have voting control of TXOK, there are significant interlocks which exist, or interlocks that will be created after September 30, 2005. Such interlocks include (i) Executive management, (ii) Board of Director participation, and (iii) field operations and administrative services to be performed by EXCO for the benefit of TXOK.
Formation costs
Certain expenses incurred related to the proposed Equity Buyout were paid by EXCO. Upon completion of the Equity Buyout, these costs will be reimbursed to EXCO by Holdings II.
F-12
Report of independent registered public accounting firm
The
Board of Directors
EXCO Resources, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, cash flows, changes in shareholders' equity, and comprehensive income (loss) of EXCO Resources, Inc. and subsidiaries for the year ended December 31, 2002. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated results of operations and cash flows of EXCO Resources, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2002, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP |
Dallas, Texas
February 28, 2003
F-13
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholder of EXCO Resources, Inc.:
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, shareholders' equity and of cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the results of operations and cash flows of EXCO Resources, Inc. and its subsidiaries (Predecessor Company) for the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit of these statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
As discussed in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 143, "Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations," as of January 1, 2003 and changed the manner in which it accounts for asset retirement costs.
/s/
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
March 18, 2004, except as to
Note 2, for which the date is
November 22, 2005.
Dallas, Texas
F-14
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholder of EXCO Holdings Inc.:
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, shareholders' equity and cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of EXCO Holdings Inc. and its subsidiaries (Successor Company) at December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2004 and the 156 day period from July 29, 2003 to December 31, 2003 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Subsequent to December 31, 2004 the Company sold its Canadian operating segment, see Note 2.
/s/
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
November 22, 2005
Dallas, Texas
F-15
EXCO Holdings Inc.
Consolidated balance sheets
|
|||||||||||||
|
December 31,
|
|
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
September 30,
2005 |
||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
|
2003
|
2004
|
|||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
||||||||||
Assets | |||||||||||||
Current assets: | |||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 3,372 | $ | 16,007 | $ | 236,371 | |||||||
Accounts receivable: | |||||||||||||
Oil and natural gas sales | 5,408 | 18,130 | 26,883 | ||||||||||
Joint interest | 1,552 | 2,213 | 1,221 | ||||||||||
Interest and other | 1,122 | 418 | 15,355 | ||||||||||
Related parties | | | 805 | ||||||||||
Deferred tax asset | | | 39,492 | ||||||||||
Oil and natural gas derivatives | | 242 | | ||||||||||
Marketable securities | 818 | 69 | | ||||||||||
Other | 1,434 | 3,991 | 4,530 | ||||||||||
Current assets of discontinued operations | 17,935 | 34,807 | | ||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
Total current assets | 31,641 | 75,877 | 324,657 | ||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
Oil and natural gas properties (full cost accounting method): | |||||||||||||
Unproved oil and natural gas properties | 2,598 | 18,829 | 22,026 | ||||||||||
Proved developed and undeveloped oil and natural gas properties | 187,371 | 454,328 | 554,568 | ||||||||||
Accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization | (5,253 | ) | (31,707 | ) | (54,067 | ) | |||||||
|
|||||||||||||
Oil and natural gas properties, net | 184,716 | 441,450 | 522,527 | ||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
Gas gathering, office and field equipment, net | 811 | 27,014 | 30,733 | ||||||||||
Assets of discontinued operations | 259,172 | 346,926 | | ||||||||||
Deferred financing costs, net | 1,501 | 10,779 | 9,147 | ||||||||||
Goodwill | 24,218 | 19,984 | 19,984 | ||||||||||
Deferred tax asset | | | 3,471 | ||||||||||
Other assets | 2,997 | 22 | | ||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 505,056 | $ | 922,052 | $ | 910,519 | |||||||
|
See accompanying notes.
F-16
EXCO Holdings Inc.
Consolidated balance sheets (continued)
See accompanying notes.
F-17
EXCO Holdings Inc.
Consolidated statements of operations
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Predecessor
|
Successor
|
|||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
For the 209 day
period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003 |
For the 156 day
period from July 29, 2003 to December 31, 2003 |
|
Nine months ended
September 30, |
||||||||||||||||
|
Year ended
December 31, 2002 |
Year ended
December 31, 2004 |
|||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
2004
|
2005
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
||||||||||||||||
Revenues and other income: | |||||||||||||||||||||
Oil and natural gas | $ | 34,287 | $ | 22,403 | $ | 21,767 | $ | 141,993 | $ | 100,120 | $ | 131,469 | |||||||||
Commodity price risk management activities | | | (10,800 | ) | (50,343 | ) | (69,195 | ) | (177,253 | ) | |||||||||||
Other income (loss) | 6,599 | (1,129 | ) | (141 | ) | 1,184 | 920 | 7,047 | |||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues and other income | 40,886 | 21,274 | 10,826 | 92,834 | 31,845 | (38,737 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Costs and expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||
Oil and natural gas production | 19,018 | 11,380 | 7,331 | 28,256 | 21,121 | 21,979 | |||||||||||||||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization | 9,031 | 5,125 | 5,413 | 28,519 | 20,960 | 24,490 | |||||||||||||||
Accretion of discount on asset retirement obligations | | 320 | 205 | 800 | 607 | 612 | |||||||||||||||
General and administrative | 6,777 | 11,347 | 3,874 | 15,466 | 11,447 | 15,669 | |||||||||||||||
Interest | 1,191 | 1,058 | 1,921 | 34,570 | 25,487 | 26,502 | |||||||||||||||
Impairment of marketable securities | 1,136 | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total costs and expenses | 37,153 | 29,230 | 18,744 | 107,611 | 79,622 | 89,252 | |||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | 3,733 | (7,956 | ) | (7,918 | ) | (14,777 | ) | (47,777 | ) | (127,989 | ) | ||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | (2,672 | ) | (181 | ) | (7,764 | ) | 5,126 | (12,818 | ) | (54,010 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) before discontinued operations and cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | 6,405 | (7,775 | ) | (154 | ) | (19,903 | ) | (34,959 | ) | (73,979 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Discontinued operations: | |||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from operations | (11,382 | ) | 13,534 | 6,217 | 36,274 | 24,882 | (4,402 | ) | |||||||||||||
Gain on disposition of Addison Energy Inc. | | | | | | 175,717 | |||||||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | (4,010 | ) | 4,982 | 1,917 | 10,358 | 7,462 | 49,282 | ||||||||||||||
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle for discontinued operations, net of tax | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from discontinued operations | (7,372 | ) | 8,552 | 4,300 | 25,916 | 17,420 | 122,033 | ||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | (967 | ) | 777 | 4,146 | 6,013 | (17,539 | ) | 48,054 | |||||||||||||
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle, net of income taxes of $696 | | 255 | | | | | |||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | (967 | ) | 1,032 | $ | 4,146 | $ | 6,013 | $ | (17,539 | ) | $ | 48,054 | |||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends on preferred stock | 5,256 | 2,620 | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Loss on common stock | $ | (6,223 | ) | $ | (1,588 | ) | |||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Basic income (loss) per share from continuing operations | $ | 0.16 | $ | (1.25 | ) | $ | 0.00 | $ | (0.17 | ) | $ | (0.30 | ) | $ | (0.64 | ) | |||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Diluted income (loss) per share from continuing operations | $ | 0.16 | $ | (1.25 | ) | $ | 0.00 | $ | (0.17 | ) | $ | (0.30 | ) | $ | (0.64 | ) | |||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding: | |||||||||||||||||||||
Basic | 7,061 | 8,084 | 115,947 | 115,947 | 115,947 | 115,947 | |||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Diluted | 12,533 | 8,084 | 115,947 | 115,947 | 115,947 | 115,947 | |||||||||||||||
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See accompanying notes.
F-18
EXCO Holdings Inc.
Consolidated statements of cash flows
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Predecessor
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Successor
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For the 209 day
period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003 |
For the 156 day
period from July 29, 2003 to December 31, 2003 |
|
Nine months ended
September 30, |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Year ended
December 31, 2002 |
Year ended
December 31, 2004 |
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(in thousands)
|
2004
|
2005
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
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Operating activities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | (967 | ) | $ | 1,032 | $ | 4,146 | $ | 6,013 | $ | (17,539 | ) | $ | 48,054 | ||||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Gain on sale of Addison Energy Inc | | | | | | (175,717 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Gain on sale of other assets | | | | | | (373 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization | 9,031 | 5,125 | 5,413 | 28,519 | 20,960 | 24,490 | ||||||||||||||||
Stock option compensation expense | 239 | 3,567 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Accretion of discount on asset retirement obligations | | 320 | 205 | 800 | 607 | 612 | ||||||||||||||||
Non-cash change in fair value of derivatives | | | 5,423 | 24,260 | 51,195 | 114,410 | ||||||||||||||||
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle, net of income tax | | (255 | ) | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes | | | (7,764 | ) | 3,681 | (12,821 | ) | (59,467 | ) | |||||||||||||
Amortization of deferred financing costs | 703 | 358 | 100 | 3,859 | 3,396 | 1,311 | ||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from sale of Enron claim | | | | 4,750 | 4,750 | | ||||||||||||||||
Other operating activities | | | | | (14 | ) | 3 | |||||||||||||||
Impairment of marketable securities | 1,136 | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Income from derivative ineffectiveness and terminated hedges | (6,291 | ) | (187 | ) | | | | | ||||||||||||||
(Gains) losses from sales of marketable securities and other property and equipment | | (245 | ) | 30 | (14 | ) | | | ||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities of discontinued operations | 27,606 | 10,894 | 7,073 | 28,855 | 25,971 | (16,087 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Other, net | 205 | 205 | (12 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||
Effect of changes in: | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts receivable | (3,079 | ) | 1,553 | 4,983 | (2,487 | ) | 2,439 | (23,458 | ) | |||||||||||||
Other current assets | 1,126 | (1,419 | ) | 210 | (1,307 | ) | (616 | ) | (330 | ) | ||||||||||||
Accounts payable and other current liabilities | 1,951 | (530 | ) | 1,688 | 21,599 | 9,976 | 5,708 | |||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | 31,660 | 20,418 | 21,495 | 118,528 | 88,304 | (80,844 | ) | |||||||||||||||
|
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Investing activities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition of EXCO Resources, Inc., less cash acquired | | | (197,146 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||
Acquisition of North Coast Energy, Inc., less cash acquired | | | | (215,133 | ) | (215,133 | ) | | ||||||||||||||
Additions to oil and natural gas properties, gathering systems and equipment | (33,603 | ) | (4,201 | ) | (21,722 | ) | (139,521 | ) | (73,559 | ) | (151,182 | ) | ||||||||||
Proceeds from disposition of property and equipment | 3,523 | 6,020 | 2,303 | 51,865 | 23,418 | 45,383 | ||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from sale of Addison Energy Inc., net of cash sold of $1,415 | | | | | | 443,397 | ||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from disposition of non-oil and natural gas properties | | | | | | 627 | ||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from sales of marketable securities | | 422 | 1,393 | 1,296 | 1,296 | 59 | ||||||||||||||||
Net cash provided (used in) investing activities of discontinued operations | (46,857 | ) | (25,760 | ) | (22,918 | ) | (79,983 | ) | (70,162 | ) | (442 | ) | ||||||||||
Other investing activities | | (1 | ) | 467 | | | | |||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Net cash used in investing activities | (76,937 | ) | (23,520 | ) | (237,623 | ) | (381,476 | ) | (334,140 | ) | 337,842 | |||||||||||
|
F-19
Financing activities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from long-term debt | 41,150 | 20,638 | 112,132 | 546,350 | 494,850 | 41,300 | ||||||||||||||||
Payments on long-term debt | (10,200 | ) | (11,750 | ) | (56,000 | ) | (158,070 | ) | (124,070 | ) | (148,247 | ) | ||||||||||
Proceeds from the issuance of Class A and Class B common stock | | | 147,537 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from exercise of stock options | 1,027 | 12,737 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Purchase of common stock from employees in connection with the merger | | (17,874 | ) | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Purchase of director and employee stock options in connection with the merger | | (3,567 | ) | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Payment of fees and expenses in connection with the merger | | (563 | ) | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Notes issued by officers and employees for purchase of Class A common stock | | | (1,886 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||
Principal and interest on notes receivableofficers and employees | 944 | | 57 | 256 | 188 | 311 | ||||||||||||||||
Purchases of treasury stock | (2,802 | ) | | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Issuance of treasury stock | 120 | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Preferred stock dividends | (5,256 | ) | (2,620 | ) | | | | | ||||||||||||||
Deferred financing costs and other | (218 | ) | (1,136 | ) | (1,592 | ) | (13,431 | ) | (13,230 | ) | | |||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities of discontinued operations, including dividends received | 21,164 | 13,945 | 14,035 | (91,397 | ) | (91,285 | ) | 59,601 | ||||||||||||||
Other financing activities | (1 | ) | 172 | 1 | | | | |||||||||||||||
|
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Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 45,928 | 9,982 | 214,284 | 283,708 | 266,453 | (47,035 | ) | |||||||||||||||
|
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Net increase (decrease) in cash | 651 | 6,880 | (1,844 | ) | 20,760 | 20,617 | 209,963 | |||||||||||||||
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents | (565 | ) | 58 | 297 | (1,685 | ) | (2,246 | ) | | |||||||||||||
Cash at beginning of period | 1,856 | 1,942 | 8,880 | 7,333 | 7,333 | 26,408 | ||||||||||||||||
|
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Cash at end of period including cash of discontinued operations | 1,942 | 8,880 | 7,333 | 26,408 | 25,704 | 236,371 | ||||||||||||||||
Cash of discontinued operations at end of period | 75 | 1,697 | 3,961 | 10,401 | 8,323 | | ||||||||||||||||
|
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Cash at end of period | $ | 1,867 | $ | 7,183 | $ | 3,372 | $ | 16,007 | $ | 17,381 | $ | 236,371 | ||||||||||
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Supplemental cash flow information: | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest paid | $ | 793 | $ | 618 | $ | 1,658 | $ | 17,102 | $ | 16,990 | $ | 33,099 | ||||||||||
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Income taxes paid | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 436 | $ | 1,253 | ||||||||||
Value of shares contributed from EXCO management and other investors to Holdings | $ | | $ | | $ | 26,395 | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||||||
|
See accompanying notes.
F-20
EXCO Holdings Inc.
Consolidated statements of changes in stockholders' equity
See accompanying notes.
F-21
EXCO Holdings Inc.
Consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss)
See accompanying notes.
F-22
EXCO Holdings Inc.
Notes to consolidated financial statements
1. The merger
EXCO Holdings Inc. a Delaware corporation, (Holdings) was formed March 4, 2003 and had no operations prior to July 29, 2003 when it acquired all of the outstanding stock and options of EXCO Resources, Inc. (EXCO). Prior to July 29, 2003, EXCO was a public company whose common stock was traded on the NASDAQ. For the period from March 4, 2003 (date of inception) and after the acquisition of EXCO on July 29, 2003, Holdings and EXCO are collectively referred to herein as the Company or Successor. On July 29, 2003, pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger, ER Acquisition, Inc., a Texas corporation, and wholly-owned subsidiary of Holdings merged into Resources. Prior to July 29, 2003 the EXCO's financial statements are referred to as Predecessor and subsequent to that date they are referred to as Successor and include purchase accounting adjustments related to this change in control.
EXCO's operations consist primarily of acquiring interests in producing oil and natural gas properties located in the continental United States and until February 10, 2005, Canada. EXCO also acts as the operator of most of these properties and receives overhead reimbursement fees as a result.
Holdings was formed by our chairman and chief executive officer, Douglas H. Miller, and his buying group for the purpose of entering into the merger agreement. The holders of EXCO's common stock, other than Holdings and its subsidiaries, received cash of $18.00 per share. The buyout of EXCO was funded with borrowings from EXCO's existing credit facilities of approximately $53.6 million and approximately $172.0 million of Holdings' equity. The equity capital for Holdings was provided by:
Upon completion of the merger transaction, EXCO's common stock was delisted from trading on the NASDAQ National Market or any other exchange and EXCO's common stock registration pursuant to Section 12(g)(4) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 was terminated.
The total purchase price for EXCO was $353.5 million representing the purchase of all outstanding common stock and stock options including the amounts contributed to Holdings
F-23
by management and key employees and other investors, and liabilities assumed as detailed below and has been allocated as follows (dollars in thousands):
As a result of the change in control, generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) requires the acquisition by Holdings to be accounted for as a purchase transaction in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 141, "Business Combinations." Accordingly, the financial statements for periods subsequent to July 28, 2003, reflect Holdings' stepped-up basis resulting from the acquisition. The aggregate purchase price has been allocated to the underlying assets and liabilities based upon the respective estimated fair values at July 29, 2003 (date of acquisition). Carryover basis accounting applies for tax purposes. All financial information presented prior to July 29, 2003 represents predecessor basis of accounting.
The purchase price allocation resulted in $51.1 million of goodwill, $24.2 million in the EXCO operating segment and $26.9 million in the Canadian geographic operating segment (reflected on the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2003 and 2004 as Assets of Discontinued Operations). None of the goodwill is deductible for income tax purposes. Furthermore, in accordance with SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and Intangible Assets", goodwill is not amortized, but is tested for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently as impairment indicators arise. Impairment tests, which involve the use of estimates related to the fair market value of the business operations with which goodwill is associated, are performed at the end of our fourth quarter. Losses, if any, resulting from impairment tests will be reflected in operating income in the statement of operations. In a recent letter to oil and natural gas companies, the SEC has provided guidance concerning the treatment of goodwill in situations when a company sells less than 25% of its proved oil and natural gas reserves in a cost pool. The guidance indicates
F-24
that such dispositions may trigger a need to evaluate goodwill for impairment under SFAS No. 142. As a result of this guidance, beginning January 1, 2005, we no longer reduce the balance of goodwill for property dispositions of less than 25% of our oil and natural gas reserves unless there is an indication that our goodwill is impaired as a result of the sale.
The following table reflects our balances for goodwill as of July 29, 2003, December 31, 2003 and December 31, 2004 (in thousands of dollars):
Pro forma results of operations
The following table reflects the pro forma results of operations as though the merger had been consummated at the beginning of each respective period.
2. Significant transactions since January 1, 2005
Sale of Addison Energy Inc.
On January 17, 2005, our directors approved the Share and Debt Purchase Agreement (the Addison Purchase Agreement), dated effective January 12, 2005, among 1143928 Alberta Ltd., a corporation organized under the laws of the Province of Alberta (Purchaser) and a wholly-owned subsidiary of NAL Oil & Gas Trust, an Alberta trust, EXCO and Taurus Acquisition, Inc. (Taurus), our wholly-owned subsidiary. The Addison Purchase Agreement provided that EXCO, our wholly-owned subsidiary would sell to Purchaser all of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of Addison Energy Inc. (Addison), which was at that time our wholly-owned Canadian subsidiary. The Addison Purchase Agreement also provided that Taurus would sell to Purchaser a promissory note in the amount of U.S. $98.8 million and a promissory note in the amount of Cdn. $108.3 million (U.S. $79.3 million) (collectively, the Addison Notes), each of which were issued by Addison in favor of Taurus. This transaction closed on February 10, 2005.
The aggregate purchase price for the stock and the Addison Notes was Cdn. $551.3 million (U.S. $443.3 million). Of this amount, Cdn. $90.1 million (U.S. $72.1 million) was used to repay
F-25
in full all outstanding balances under Addison's credit facility while Cdn. $56.2 million (U.S. $45.2 million) was withheld and has been remitted to the Canadian government for potential income taxes that we may owe resulting from the sale of the stock. We have recorded a receivable in the amount of Cdn. $14.6 million (U.S. $11.9 million) for our estimate of the excess of the amount withheld for Canadian income taxes from the sales proceeds over the estimated amount of Canadian income taxes that are actually owed on the gain from the sale. The purchase price was subject to further adjustment based upon, among other items, the final determination of Addison's working capital balance. In June 2005, we adjusted the liability and the gain recognized on the sale to Cdn. $1.6 million ($1.3 million). In October 2005, we paid the Purchaser the Cdn. $1.6 million (U.S. $1.1 million) in settlement of the working capital balance. The purchase price is also subject to additional adjustments based upon the outcome of Crown royalty and joint venture audits, if any, that may occur in the future that cover periods prior to February 1, 2005.
All severance payments paid or payable in respect of employees terminated up to May 31, 2005 were borne by EXCO. If Purchaser or its affiliates makes an employment offer to a terminated employee and the employee accepts the offer, Purchaser is obligated to pay EXCO an amount equal to all severance payments paid to that employee. This obligation is in effect for a period of six months for any employee terminated at closing and for an indefinite period for any employee terminated after closing but prior to May 31, 2005. At closing, Cdn. $2.1 million (U.S. $1.7 million) was deducted from the sales proceeds for severance payments made to Addison employees who were terminated at closing.
We have recognized a gain from the sale of Addison in the amount of U.S. $175.7 million before income tax expense of U.S. $50.1 million related to the gain. The cumulative adjustment resulting from the translation of Addison's financial statements has been eliminated. These amounts were considered in the determination of the gain on the sale.
The net carrying value of Addison's assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2003 and December 31, 2004 are as follows (in thousands of U.S. dollars):
F-26
The following table presents the summary operating results for Addison, which has been reported as a discontinued operation (dollars in thousands):
In accordance with the terms of the indenture governing our senior notes (see "Note 6. Issuance of senior notes and the acquisition of North Coast Energy, Inc."), at the time of the closing of the Addison disposition, the security interest of the holders of our senior notes in two-thirds of the common stock of Addison was released and a second lien security interest (behind the first lien security interest under our U.S. credit agreement) was effected in U.S. $120.6 million of cash equivalents, which represents two-thirds of the net cash proceeds from the sale of the Addison stock. An additional U.S. $75.8 million of proceeds from the Addison disposition were applied to temporarily pay down borrowings under our U.S. credit agreement to a nominal amount. The remaining Addison disposition proceeds of U.S. $130.3 million have been invested in short-term investments as permitted under our U.S. credit agreement and our senior notes. The net cash proceeds from the Addison disposition as determined under the indenture governing our senior notes was U.S. $326.8 million and may be used only in accordance with the terms of the indenture. Section 4.07 of the indenture provides that the net cash proceeds from an asset disposition must be used to permanently reduce debt, reinvest in our business or make an offer to the holders to repurchase their senior notes.
Addison Energy Inc. dividend
On February 9, 2005 Addison made an earnings and profits dividend (as calculated under U.S. tax law) to EXCO in an amount of Cdn. $74.5 million (U.S. $59.6 million). This dividend was funded by Addison by an additional drawdown on its bank credit facility. The dividend was subject to Canadian tax withholding of 5% or Cdn. $3.7 million (U.S. $3.0 million), which amount has been included in the 2004 tax provision.
Equity Buyout
On August 29, 2005, EXCO announced that the Board of Directors of Holdings approved for consideration by the Holdings stockholders the proposed terms of an equity buyout (Equity Buyout) pursuant to a purchase of all of the outstanding shares of capital stock of Holdings by EXCO Holdings II, Inc. (Holdings II), a Delaware corporation controlled by a group of investors led by Douglas H. Miller, the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Holdings.
F-27
On October 3, 2005, Holdings II completed its purchase of all of the outstanding shares of capital stock of Holdings for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $699.3 million. The Equity Buyout was funded by a combination of (i) $350.0 million of interim loan indebtedness (Interim Bank Loan), including $0.7 million for working capital, (ii) approximately $183.1 million from the issuance of Holdings II common stock to new private equity investors and EXCO employees and (iii) the exchange of Holdings Class A and Class B common stock valued at approximately $166.9 million for Holdings II common stock. Holdings' majority stockholder sold all of its shares for cash. JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. was the lead lender under the Interim Bank Loan.
GAAP requires the application of "push down accounting" in situations where the ownership of an entity has changed. Holdings II is deemed to be the acquiror of Holdings. The assets and liabilities of Holdings II will be recorded at their fair value under SAB No. 54. The preliminary cost and allocation for this transaction are as follows:
F-28
As a result of the Equity Buyout, we will be recording stock based and other compensation expense for the following items during the fourth quarter of 2005:
For financial accounting purposes, the Class B shares were considered to be a "variable" plan since a holder of the shares had to be employed at the date of a participation event, such as a change of control, to receive fair value for the Class B shares.
Holdings II adopted the 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the 2005 Incentive Plan) which provides for the granting of options to purchase up to 10,000,000 shares of Holdings (formerly Holdings II) common stock. On October 5, 2005, options were granted under the 2005 Incentive Plan to our employees to purchase 4,985,950 shares of Holdings common stock at $7.50 per share. The options expire ten years from the date of grant. Pursuant to the 2005 Incentive
F-29
Plan, 25% of the options vest immediately with an additional 25% to vest on each of the next three anniversaries of the date of grant. As a result of the new basis in accounting due to the Equity Buyout, we will adopt the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R), "Share Based Payments" as of October 3, 2005 in connection with the Equity Buyout. This will result in a non-cash charge to stock option compensation expense during the fourth quarter of 2005. We have not completed our evaluation of the impact that the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) will have on our future results of operations.
Merger of Holdings II into Holdings
Promptly following the consummation of the Equity Buyout, Holdings II merged with and into Holdings (Holdings II Merger). As a result of the Holdings II Merger, each outstanding share of Holdings II common stock was cancelled and exchanged for one share of Holdings common stock. In addition, all shares of Holdings Class A and Class B common stock held by Holdings II were cancelled in connection with the Holdings II Merger. The Equity Buyout will be accounted for as a purchase pursuant to SFAS No. 141"Business Combinations," which will result in the assets and liabilities being recorded at their fair value. Holdings II is deemed the accounting acquiror of Holdings.
Pursuant to the Holdings II Merger, the indebtedness incurred by Holdings II to fund the Equity Buyout was assumed by Holdings.
ONEOK Energy acquisition
On September 16, 2005, Holdings II incorporated TXOK Acquisition, Inc. (TXOK), a Delaware corporation with a $1,000 investment in TXOK common stock. TXOK was formed to acquire (i) all of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of ONEOK Energy Resources Company (ONEOK Energy) and (ii) all of the issued and outstanding membership interests of ONEOK Energy Resources Holdings, LLC (ONEOK Energy LLC) (collectively ONEOK Energy). ONEOK Energy was wholly-owned by ONEOK, Inc., a Tulsa-based public utility company.
The ONEOK Energy acquisition closed on September 27, 2005. The purchase price paid at closing, based upon adjustments as of that date, was $642.9 million. Effective upon closing, ONEOK Energy and ONEOK Energy LLC became wholly-owned subsidiaries of TXOK.
TXOK funded the ONEOK Energy acquisition with (i) $20.0 million in private debt financing, $15.0 million of which was provided by Mr. Boone Pickens, one of our directors; (ii) the issuance of $150.0 million of TXOK preferred stock to BP EXCO Holdings LP, an entity controlled by Mr. Pickens; (iii) the TXOK credit facility, with an initial borrowing base of $325.0 million, of which approximately $308.8 million was drawn at the closing of the ONEOK Energy acquisition; and (iv) the TXOK second lien term loan facility of $200.0 million. We repaid the $20.0 million in private debt financing by our equity investment in TXOK on October 7, 2005. Neither EXCO Holdings nor EXCO Resources is an obligor or guarantor with respect to these financings; however, EXCO Holdings has pledged its stock in TXOK as collateral security for payment of the TXOK credit facility and the TXOK term loan. See "Interim financing arrangements" for a description of the credit facilities and the TXOK preferred stock.
On October 7, 2005, EXCO advanced $4.0 million to Holdings (formerly Holdings II), which was used to fund an additional $20.0 million investment in TXOK class B common stock by Holdings. The TXOK preferred stock currently has full voting rights to vote with the TXOK common stock on all matters submitted to a vote by stockholders. Accordingly, holders of the
F-30
TXOK preferred stock currently hold voting control of TXOK. If the TXOK preferred stock is not redeemed on or before September 27, 2006, the TXOK preferred stock and accumulated dividends will automatically convert into common stock representing 90% of the outstanding common stock of TXOK. Holdings accounts for its investment in TXOK using the cost method of accounting.
The properties acquired in the ONEOK Energy acquisition include 1,041 gross (445.1 net) producing oil and natural gas wells in Texas and Oklahoma. ONEOK Energy has Proved Reserves (estimated as of July 31, 2005) of approximately 223.3 Bcfe of oil and natural gas and 151 miles of natural gas gathering lines. The acquired properties produced an average of 905 Bbls of oil per day and 47.7 Mmcf of natural gas per day during September 2005.
In connection with the ONEOK Energy acquisition, EXCO hired 57 employees of ONEOK in October 2005 that have historically worked on these assets.
The preferred stockholder and another private investor funded a total of $20.0 million in loans to TXOK (via Holdings II) to fund the $19.4 million in deposits paid in connection with the ONEOK Energy acquisition. These loans and interest of $0.1 million were repaid by TXOK on October 7, 2005 with the proceeds from Holdings investment in TXOK class B common stock. These private investors also entered into contracts with TXOK to render financial advisory services to TXOK pursuant to which they were paid approximately $4.9 million on October 7, 2005.
Equity transaction
Holdings plans to pursue an underwritten initial public offering (IPO) of the common stock of EXCO in order to raise funds, in addition to cash on hand and additional borrowings under EXCO's revolving credit facility, to repay the Interim bank loan, repay the TXOK credit facility, repay the TXOK second lien term loan facility, redeem the TXOK preferred stock and provide additional working capital.
Holdings would be merged with and into EXCO immediately prior to the IPO. It is anticipated that the IPO would be completed in the first quarter of 2006. The plan to pursue the IPO is subject to SEC clearance, the receipt of any other necessary approvals and market conditions. There can be no assurance as to whether or when any such offering would be completed or as to the size or terms of any such offering. TXOK and its subsidiaries would become subsidiaries of EXCO after the merger.
3. Summary of significant accounting policies
Organization
EXCO Holdings Inc., a Delaware corporation, was formed in March 2003 for the purpose of acquiring EXCO. Our operations consist primarily of acquiring interests in producing oil and natural gas properties located in the continental United States and, until February 10, 2005, Canada. We also act as the operator of some of these properties and receive overhead reimbursement fees as a result.
Principles of consolidation
The accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2003 and 2004 and September 30, 2005 (unaudited) and the results of operations, cash flows and comprehensive
F-31
income for the 156 day period from July 29, 2003 to December 31, 2003, for the year ended December 31, 2004 and for the unaudited nine month periods ended September 30, 2004 and 2005 are for Holdings and its subsidiaries and represent the stepped up successor basis of accounting.
The accompanying consolidated statements of operations, cash flows and comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2002 and for the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003 are for EXCO and its subsidiaries and represent the predecessor basis of accounting. These financial statements have been restated to reflect the operations, cash flow and comprehensive income of Addison as discontinued operations.
All inter-company transactions have been eliminated.
Functional currency
The assets, liabilities and operations of Addison were measured using the Canadian dollar as the functional currency. These assets and liabilities were translated into U.S. dollars using end-of-period exchange rates. Revenue and expenses were translated into U.S. dollars at the average exchange rates in effect during the period. Translation adjustments were deferred and accumulated in other comprehensive income.
Management estimates
In preparing financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, we are required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The most significant estimates pertain to proved oil, natural gas and NGL reserve volumes, future development, dismantlement and abandonment costs, valuation of deferred tax assets, estimates relating to certain oil, natural gas and NGL revenues and expenses and the fair market value of derivatives and equity securities. Actual results may differ from management's estimates.
Cash equivalents and marketable securities
We consider all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased, to be cash equivalents.
We have evaluated our investment policies in accordance with SFAS No. 115, "Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities" and determined that all of our investment securities, other than cash equivalents, are to be classified as available for sale. Available for sale securities are carried at fair value, with the unrealized gains and losses reported in other comprehensive income. Realized gains and losses are included in other income on the consolidated statement of operations. Declines in value that are considered to be "other than temporary" on available for sale securities are shown separately on the consolidated statement of operations. Realized gains and losses are determined using the first-in, first-out method.
Concentration of credit risk and accounts receivable
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to a concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash, trade receivables and our derivative financial instruments. We place our cash with high credit quality financial institutions. We sell oil and natural gas to various customers. In addition, we participate with other parties in the drilling, completion and operation of oil and natural gas wells. The majority of our accounts receivable are due from
F-32
either purchasers of oil, natural gas or NGLs or participants in oil and natural gas wells for which we serve as the operator. Generally, operators of oil and natural gas properties have the right to offset future revenues against unpaid charges related to operated wells. Oil, natural gas and NGL sales are generally unsecured. We have provided for credit losses in the financial statements and these losses have been within management's expectations. The allowance for doubtful accounts receivable aggregated $198,000, $1.5 million and $1.4 million at December 31, 2003 and 2004 and September 30, 2005 (unaudited), respectively. In 2004, an allowance for doubtful accounts receivable of $1.3 million was established in purchase accounting for North Coast. During the nine month period ended September 30, 2005, $115,000 was charged against the allowance for doubtful accounts receivable. We place our derivative financial instruments with financial institutions and other firms that we believe have high credit ratings. For a discussion of the credit risks associated with our commodity price risk management activities, please see "Note 12. Derivative financial instruments."
Derivative financial instruments
We engage in commodity price risk management activities to protect against commodity price fluctuations and in connection with the incurrence of debt related to our acquisition activities. In conjunction with the incurrence of debt related to our acquisition activities, our objective in entering into these commodity price risk management transactions is to manage price fluctuations and achieve a more predictable cash flow for our development and acquisition activities. These derivatives are not held for trading purposes.
Prior to July 28, 2003, EXCO's derivative financial instruments were designated as cash flow hedges under SFAS No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities." On the date the derivative contract was entered into, it designated the derivative as a hedge. Changes in the fair value of a derivative that was highly effective as a cash flow hedge were recorded in other comprehensive income, until earnings were affected by the variability of cash flows.
EXCO formally documented all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk-management objective and strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions. This process included linking all derivatives that were designated as cash flow hedges to forecasted transactions. EXCO also formally assessed, both at the hedge's inception and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivatives that were used in hedging transactions were highly effective in offsetting changes in cash flows of hedged items. When it was determined that a derivative was not highly effective as a hedge or that it has ceased to be a highly effective hedge, EXCO discontinued hedge accounting prospectively, as discussed below.
EXCO discontinued hedge accounting prospectively when: (1) it was determined that the derivative was no longer highly effective in offsetting changes in cash flows of a hedged item; (2) the derivative expired or was sold, terminated or exercised; (3) the derivative was not designated as a hedge instrument, because it was unlikely that a forecasted transaction would occur; or (4) management determined that designation of the derivative as a hedge instrument was no longer appropriate.
Effective as of November 30, 2001, EXCO ceased hedge accounting for its hedge transactions then in place with Enron North America Corp., the counterparty to its swap agreements, due to Enron North America's bankruptcy filing. See "Note 12. Derivative financial instruments" for a discussion of these derivative transactions.
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Effective July 29, 2003, in connection with the going private transaction, we discontinued hedge accounting for all existing derivatives. Currently, we do not designate derivative transactions as hedges for accounting purposes; accordingly, all derivatives are recorded at fair value on our consolidated balance sheet and changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments including interest rate swaps are recognized currently in our consolidated statement of operations. We continue to designate derivative financial instruments as hedges for income tax purposes.
For the year ended December 31, 2002 and for the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003, EXCO recorded as other income in the statement of operations, a loss of $886,000 and a loss of $2.5 million, respectively, from hedge ineffectiveness. For the year ended December 31, 2002 and for the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003, EXCO also recorded as other income in the statement of operations $7.0 million and $1.8 million, respectively, from derivative transactions for which hedge accounting was discontinued.
Oil and natural gas properties
We have recorded oil and natural gas properties at cost using the full cost method of accounting. Under the full cost method, all costs associated with the acquisition, exploration or development of oil and natural gas properties are capitalized as part of the full cost pool. Capitalized costs are limited to the aggregate of the after-tax present value of future net revenues plus the lower of cost or fair market value of unproved properties. The full cost pool is comprised of lease and well equipment and exploration and development costs incurred, plus intangible acquired proved leaseholds.
Unproved oil and natural gas properties are excluded from the calculation of depreciation, depletion and amortization until it is determined whether or not Proved Reserves can be assigned to such properties. At December 31, 2003 and 2004 and September 30, 2005 (unaudited), the $2.6 million, $18.8 million and $22.0 million, respectively, in unproved oil and natural gas properties resulted from the allocation of the estimated fair value of undeveloped acreage and possible and probable reserves. We assess our unproved oil and natural gas properties for impairment on a quarterly basis.
Depreciation, depletion and amortization of evaluated oil and natural gas properties is calculated for the United States full cost pools using the unit-of-production method based on total Proved Reserves, as determined by independent petroleum reservoir engineers.
Sales, dispositions and other oil and natural gas property retirements are accounted for as adjustments to the full cost pool, with no recognition of gain or loss unless the disposition would significantly alter the amortization rate.
At the end of each quarterly period, the unamortized cost of proved oil and natural gas properties, net of related deferred income taxes, is limited to the sum of the estimated future net revenues from proved properties using current period-end prices discounted at 10%, adjusted for related income tax effects (ceiling test). This ceiling test calculation is done separately for the United States and, until February 10, 2005, the Canadian full cost pools.
The calculation of the ceiling test is based upon estimates of Proved Reserves. There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities of Proved Reserves, in projecting the future rates of production and in the timing of development activities. The accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of the quality of available data and of engineering and
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geological interpretation and judgment. Results of drilling, testing and production subsequent to the date of the estimate may justify revision of such estimate. Accordingly, reserve estimates are often different from the quantities of oil and natural gas that are ultimately recovered.
In September 2004, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 106 (SAB 106), which clarifies the calculation of the full cost ceiling and depreciation, depletion, and amortization of oil and natural gas properties in conjunction with accounting for asset retirement obligations under SFAS No. 143. The guidance in SAB 106 has not had a significant impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Gas gathering, office and field equipment
Gas gathering, office and field equipment are capitalized at cost and depreciated on a straight line basis over their estimated useful lives. Gathering systems are depreciated over estimated useful lives ranging from 10 to 25 years. Field and office equipment useful lives range from 3 to 15 years.
Environmental costs
Environmental costs that relate to current operations are expensed as incurred. Remediation costs that relate to an existing condition caused by past operations are accrued when it is probable that those costs will be incurred and can be reasonably estimated based upon evaluations of currently available facts related to each site.
Deferred abandonment and asset retirement obligations
Prior to 2003, EXCO did not provide for site restoration costs on its United States properties as it estimated that salvage values would exceed the asset retirement costs.
In June 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 143, "Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations". The statement requires legal obligations associated with the retirement of long-lived assets to be recognized at their fair value at the time that the obligations are incurred. Upon initial recognition of a liability, that cost should be capitalized as part of the related long-lived asset and allocated to expense over the useful life of the asset. EXCO adopted the new rules on asset retirement obligations on January 1, 2003. Application of the new rules resulted in an increase in net proved developed and undeveloped oil and natural gas properties of approximately $5.6 million, recognition of an asset retirement obligation liability of approximately $6.1 million, and a cumulative effect of adoption that increased net income and stockholder's equity by approximately $255,000. The increase in net income resulting from the cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle increased basic and diluted earnings per share by $0.03 for the 209 day period from January 1 to July 28, 2003.
The following pro forma data summarizes our net income as if the provisions of SFAS 143 had been applied as of January 1, 2002. The pro forma adjustments from the adoption of SFAS 143 had no impact to the reported basic and diluted per share amounts for the year ended 2002.
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Year ended
December 31, 2002 |
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Net income (loss), as reported | $ | (967 | ) | |
Pro forma adjustments to reflect adoption of SFAS 143 | 21 | |||
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Pro forma net income (loss) | $ | (946 | ) | |
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The following is a reconciliation of our asset retirement obligations for the periods indicated (in thousands of dollars):
We have no assets that are legally restricted for purposes of settling asset retirement obligations.
Revenue recognition and gas imbalances
We use the sales method of accounting for oil and natural gas revenues. Under the sales method, revenues are recognized based on actual volumes of oil and natural gas sold to purchasers. Gas imbalances at December 31, 2003 and 2004 and September 30, 2005 (unaudited) were not significant; however, we recorded a liability of $92,000 at December 31, 2003, for those wells where there were insufficient reserves to retire the imbalance. There was no liability recorded at December 31, 2004 or September 30, 2005 (unaudited).
Capitalization of internal costs
We capitalize as part of our proved developed oil and natural gas properties a portion of salaries paid to employees who are directly involved in the acquisition and exploitation of oil and natural gas properties. During the year ended December 31, 2002, the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003, the 156 day period from July 29, 2003 to December 31, 2003, and the year ended December 31, 2004, we have capitalized $1.0 million, $518,000, $546,000, and $1.6 million, respectively. During the unaudited nine month periods ended September 30, 2004 and 2005, we have capitalized $962,000 and $1.2 million, respectively.
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Overhead reimbursement fees
We have classified fees from overhead charges billed to working interest owners, including ourselves, of $2.7 million, $1.3 million, $943,000 and $2.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2002, the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003, the 156 day period from July 29, 2003 to December 31, 2003, and the year ended December 31, 2004, respectively, as a reduction of general and administrative expenses in the accompanying statements of operations. Our share of these charges was $1.8 million, $947,000, $658,000 and $1.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2002, for the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003, the 156 day period from July 29, 2003 to December 31, 2003, and the year ended December 31, 2004, respectively, and are classified as oil and natural gas production costs.
During the unaudited nine month periods ended September 30, 2004 and 2005, we have classified fees from overhead charges billed to working interest owners, including ourselves, of $1.6 million and $1.3 million, respectively, as a reduction of general and administrative expenses in the accompany unaudited statements of operations. Our share of these charges was $1.2 million and $816,000 for the unaudited nine month periods ended September 30, 2004 and 2005, respectively, and are classified as oil and gas production costs.
Income taxes
Income taxes are accounted for using the liability method under which deferred income taxes are recognized for the future tax effects of temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of existing assets and liabilities using the enacted statutory tax rates in effect at year-end. The effect on deferred taxes for a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance for deferred tax assets is recorded when it is more likely than not that the benefit from the deferred tax asset will not be realized.
Earnings per share
SFAS No. 128, "Earnings per share," requires companies to present two calculations of earnings per share; basic and diluted. Basic earnings per common share for the year ended December 31, 2002 and for the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003 equals the net income less preferred stock dividends divided by the weighted average common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per common share for the year ended December 31, 2002 and for the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003 equals net income divided by the sum of weighted average common shares outstanding during the period plus any dilutive common stock equivalents assumed to be issued. Common stock equivalents for the year ended December 31, 2002 and for the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003 are shares assumed to be issued if (1) EXCO's outstanding stock options were in-the-money and exercised, and (2) the outstanding 5% convertible preferred stock was converted to common stock.
For the year ended December 31, 2002, EXCO reported income from continuing operations of $6.4 million, a loss from discontinued operations of $7.4 million, and accrued $5.2 million in preferred dividends which resulted in a net loss of $6.2 million available to common stockholders. Pursuant to SFAS No. 128, income from continuing operations (adjusted for preferred stock dividends) is used to determine whether potential common shares are dilutive or antidilutive. Specifically, the same number of potential common shares used when
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computing the diluted per share amount for income from continuing operation shall be used in computing all other reported diluted per share amounts, even if those amounts are antidilutive to their respective basic per share amounts. Therefore, for the year ended December 31, 2002 the outstanding director and employee stock options and the 5% convertible preferred stock of 467,000 shares and 5,004,869 shares, respectively, have been included in the diluted per share computation for continuing operations. The effect of the stock options and conversion of preferred was antidilutive to the discontinued operations. As a result, the diluted loss per share is computed using the average issued and outstanding common shares only.
For the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 through July 28, 2003, EXCO reported a loss from continuing operations of $7.8 million. As a result, the common stock equivalents of director and employee stock options and the 5% convertible preferred stock, which would have increased the weighted average number of shares outstanding by approximately 535,000 and 4,363,000 shares, respectively, are considered to be anti-dilutive and are not considered in the earnings per share calculation due to a loss from continuing operations being reported for that period. The following table presents the basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share
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computations for the year ended December 31, 2002 and the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 through July 28, 2003:
Basic earnings per common share for the 156 day period from July 29, 2003 to December 31, 2003, for the year ended December 31, 2004 and for the unaudited nine month periods ended September 30, 2004 and 2005 equals the net income divided by the weighted average common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per common share for the 156 day period from July 29, 2003 to December 31, 2003, for the year ended December 31, 2004 and for the unaudited nine month periods ended September 30, 2004 and 2005 equals net income divided by the sum of weighted average common shares outstanding during the period plus
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any dilutive common stock equivalents assumed to be issued. Common stock equivalents for the 156 day period from July 29, 2003 to December 31, 2003, for the year ended December 31, 2004 and for the unaudited nine month periods ended September 30, 2004 and 2005 are shares assumed to be issued if the outstanding stock options were in-the-money and exercised.
Following the completion of the going private transaction, our capital structure consisted of 115,946,667 shares of Class A common stock and 11,925,925 shares of Class B common stock. There were no stock options outstanding on our Class A common stock until June 3, 2004.
The shareholder agreements governing the Class A and Class B common stock of EXCO provided that, upon the occurrence of certain specified events, such as a change in control, that
For financial accounting purposes, the Class B shares were considered to be a "variable" plan since a holder of the shares had to be employed at the date of a change in control to receive fair value for the Class B shares. As a result, the Class B shares have been excluded from per share calculations as required under SFAS No. 128.
For the year ended December 31, 2004, we reported a loss from continuing operations of $19.9 million, income from discontinued operations of $25.9 million and net income of $6.0 million for the year. As a result of the loss from continuing operations, the potential common stock equivalents from the assumed conversion of stock options on our Class A common stock of approximately 5,097,369 have been excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation as required under SFAS No. 128. The following table presents the computation of the basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share for the 156 day period from July 29, 2003 through December 31, 2003 and the year ended December 31, 2004:
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For the unaudited nine month period ended September 30, 2004, we reported a loss from continuing operations of $34.9 million, income from discontinued operations of $17.4 million and a net loss of $17.5 million. For the unaudited nine month period ended September 30, 2005, we reported a loss from continuing operations of $74.0 million, income from discontinued operations of $122.0 million and net income of $48.1 million. As a result of the loss from continuing operations, the potential common stock equivalents from the assumed conversion of stock options on our Class A common stock of approximately 3,853,696 shares for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 and 8,801,351 shares for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 have been excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation as required under SFAS No. 128. The follow table presents the computation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share for the unaudited nine month periods ending September 30, 2004 and September 30, 2005:
Stock options and benefit plan
SFAS No. 123, "Accounting for StockBased Compensation" defines a fair value based method of accounting for employee stock compensation plans, but allows for the continuation of the intrinsic value based method of accounting to measure compensation cost prescribed by Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees" (APB 25). For companies electing not to change their accounting, SFAS 123 requires pro forma disclosures of earnings and earnings per share as if the change in accounting provision of SFAS 123 has been adopted.
EXCO elected to continue to utilize the accounting method prescribed by APB 25, under which no compensation cost was recognized, and adopted the disclosure requirements of SFAS 123. As a result, SFAS 123 had no effect on EXCO's financial condition or results of operations at December 31, 2002 and the year then ended and for the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003. Stock based compensation expense reflected in the table below for the year ended December 31, 2002 and for the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003, is a result of options issued under EXCO's 1998 Stock Option Plan that were issued subject to shareholders' approval and options that were issued to the management and key employees of Addison. See "Note 8. Stock transactions" for a further description of these stock options.
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Had compensation costs for these plans been determined consistent with SFAS No. 123, EXCO's net income (loss) and earnings per share (EPS) would have been adjusted to the following pro forma amounts:
We sponsor a 401(k) plan for our U.S. employees and match up to 100% of employee contributions based on years of service with us. Our matching contributions of $151,000, $155,000, $59,000, and $404,000 for the year ended December 31, 2002, for the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003, for the 156 day period from July 29, 2003 to December 31, 2003, for the year ended December 31, 2004, respectively, have been included as general and administrative expense. For the unaudited nine month periods ended September 30, 2004 and 2005, our matching contributions have been $344,000 and $421,000, respectively.
Certain employees have been granted EXCO Holdings stock options under Holdings' 2004 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the Holdings Plan). The Holdings Plan provides for grants of stock options that can be exercised for Class A common shares of EXCO Holdings. The stock options vest upon the earlier of a change in control of EXCO Holdings, the consummation of an initial public offering or three years from the date of grant, and expire ten years after the date of grant. EXCO Holdings has reserved 12,962,968 shares of its Class A common stock for issuance upon the exercise of stock options. As of December 31, 2004 and September 30, 2005 (unaudited), options for 8,801,354 and 8,671,906 shares, respectively, of common stock have been granted by EXCO Holdings. The Equity Buyout was a change of control under the Holdings Plan. All EXCO Holdings stock options outstanding on October 3, 2005 were cancelled upon the payment of an aggregate amount of $18.9 million to the holders of the stock options. This amount will be expensed in October 2005.
Effective with the grant of these options on June 3 and June 4, 2004, we have elected to continue to utilize the accounting method prescribed by APB 25 under which no compensation expense is required to be recognized upon the issuance of stock options to our employees as the exercise price of the option is equal to or higher than the fair value of the underlying common stock at the date of grant.
Under the minimum value method as prescribed under SFAS No. 123, no compensation expense was incurred during the year ended December 31, 2004 from the granting of these stock options and as such, no pro forma disclosure is required.
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On December 16, 2004, FASB issued SFAS No. 123(R), "Share-Based Payment", which is a revision of SFAS No. 123. SFAS No. 123(R) supersedes APB 25 and amends SFAS No. 95, "Statement of Cash Flows." Generally, the approach in SFAS No. 123(R) is similar to the approach described in SFAS No. 123. However, SFAS No. 123(R) will require all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in our consolidated statements of operations based on their estimated fair values. Pro forma disclosure is no longer an alternative.
SFAS No. 123(R) must be adopted by us effective January 1, 2006 and permits public companies to adopt its requirements using one of two methods:
As permitted by SFAS No. 123, we currently account for share-based payments to employees using the intrinsic value method prescribed by APB 25 and related interpretations. As such, we generally do not recognize compensation expense associated with employee stock options. However, as a result of the Equity Buyout, all of the outstanding stock options were purchased by Holdings which will result in a charge to stock option compensation expense during the fourth quarter of 2005. See "Note 2. Significant transactions since January 1, 2005," for additional information.
Foreign currency translation
Addison, our former Canadian subsidiary, entered into a long-term note agreement with a U.S. subsidiary of EXCO in the amount of $98.8 million. Addison used the proceeds of this borrowing to repay virtually all of its outstanding indebtedness under its Canadian credit agreement in April 2004. The indebtedness was denominated in U.S. dollars and was repaid upon the sale of Addison on February 10, 2005. Under the provisions of SFAS No. 52 "Foreign Currency Translation", Addison was required to recognize any foreign transaction gains or losses in its statement of operations when translating this liability from U.S. dollars to Canadian dollars. Gain or loss recognized by Addison was not eliminated when preparing EXCO's consolidated statement of operations. As a result, we recorded a non-cash foreign currency transaction gain of $10.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2004 and a non-cash foreign currency loss of $3.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 (unaudited). These amounts are included in income (loss) from operations of discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
4. Marketable securities
Marketable securities at December 31, 2003 and 2004, are common stock investments in public corporations, which are classified as available for sale securities. At December 31, 2003, our cost basis of marketable securities was $784,000 while the aggregate fair value was $818,000. At
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December 31, 2004, our cost basis of marketable securities was $37,000 while the aggregate fair value was $69,000. We had no marketable securities at September 30, 2005 (unaudited).
In May 2004, we received common stock of a public corporation valued at approximately $500,000 as a portion of the proceeds from the sale of oil and natural gas properties. We sold all of these shares in September 2004 for approximately $515,000.
At December 31, 2004, we had gross unrealized holding gains from available for sale securities of $32,000. Investment income is presented in the following table:
5. Long-term debt
Long-term debt is summarized as follows:
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Credit agreement. At December 31, 2003, our former restated U.S. credit agreement provided for borrowings of up to $124.0 million under a revolving credit facility with a borrowing base of $95.0 million. At December 31, 2003, we had approximately $49.5 million of outstanding indebtedness, letter of credit commitments of $275,000 and approximately $45.2 million available for borrowing.
On January 27, 2004, our credit agreement was amended and restated to provide for borrowings up to $250.0 million with a borrowing base of $120.0 million. The amendment also provided for an extension of the credit agreement maturity date to January 27, 2007. Upon the issuance of the $100.0 million in additional 7 1 / 4 % senior notes on April 13, 2004, the credit agreement borrowing base was reduced to $95.0 million. (See "Note 6. Issuance of senior notes and the acquisition of North Coast Energy, Inc."). Effective June 28, 2004, the borrowing base was redetermined at $145.0 million. Effective October 8, 2004 and August 12, 2005, the borrowing base was redetermined at $145.0 million, and will be redetermined each May 1 and November 1 thereafter. Our borrowing base is determined based on a number of factors including commodity prices. We use derivative financial instruments to lessen the impact of volatility in commodity prices. At December 31, 2004, we had $34.5 million of outstanding indebtedness and letter of credit commitments of $275,000 and approximately $110.2 million available for borrowing. At September 30, 2005 (unaudited), we had $1,000 of outstanding indebtedness and, as a result of borrowings incurred under the interim bank loan in connection with the Equity Buyout on October 3, 2005, total advances under our U.S. credit agreement cannot exceed $10.0 million until the interim bank loan is repaid in full. Borrowings under our amended and restated credit agreement are secured by a first lien mortgage providing a security interest in 90% of our U.S. oil and natural gas properties including North Coast. In addition, at September 30, 2005 (unaudited), a first lien security interest was effected in $120.6 million of cash equivalents, which represents two-thirds from the net cash proceeds from the sale of Addison stock (see Note 2"Significant transactions since January 1, 2005 (unaudited)"). At our election, interest on borrowings may be (i) the greater of the administrative agent's prime rate or the federal funds effective rate plus .50% plus an applicable margin or (ii) LIBOR (London InterBank Offered Rate) plus an applicable margin. At December 31, 2004 and September 30, 2005 (unaudited), the six month LIBOR rate was 2.78% and 4.23%, respectively, which would result in an interest rate of approximately 4.03% and 5.48%, respectively, on any new indebtedness we may incur under the U.S. credit agreement.
Canadian credit agreement. At December 31, 2004, we had approximately $12.9 million of outstanding indebtedness under our Canadian credit agreement (which has been reclassified as Liabilities of Discontinued Operations on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2004). Borrowings under the credit agreement were secured by a first lien mortgage providing a security interest in 90% of our Canadian oil and natural gas properties. We repaid all outstanding indebtedness under our Canadian credit agreement in full on February 10, 2005 with a portion of the proceeds received from the sale of Addison.
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Financial covenants and ratios. Our amended and restated credit agreements contain certain financial covenants and other restrictions which require that we:
Additionally, the credit agreements contain a number of other covenants regarding our liquidity and capital resources, including restrictions on our ability to incur additional indebtedness, restrictions on our ability to pledge assets, and prohibit the payment of dividends on our common stock. At December 31, 2003 and 2004, we were in compliance with the covenants contained in our U.S. and Canadian credit agreements. At September 30, 2005 (unaudited), we were in compliance with the covenants contained in our U.S. credit agreement.
U.S. senior term loan. On October 17, 2003, we entered into a $50.0 million senior term credit agreement. We borrowed all $50.0 million under the senior term credit agreement and we used the proceeds to repay a portion of our indebtedness under our U.S. credit agreement. The U.S. senior term loan was paid in full on January 27, 2004 from the proceeds of the $350 million 7 1 / 4 % senior notes issued on January 20, 2004. See "Note 6. Issuance of senior notes and the acquisition of North Coast Energy, Inc."
Dividend restrictions. We have not paid any cash dividends on our common stock, and do not anticipate paying cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. In addition, our credit agreements currently prohibit us from paying dividends on our common stock. Even if our credit agreements permitted us to pay cash dividends, we can make those payments only from our surplus (the excess of the fair value of our total assets over the sum of our liabilities plus our total paid-in share capital). In addition, we can pay cash dividends only if after paying those dividends we would be able to pay our liabilities as they become due.
6. Issuance of senior notes and the acquisition of North Coast Energy, Inc.
On November 26, 2003, EXCO entered into the North Coast Acquisition Agreement, as amended and restated on December 4, 2003, to acquire all of the issued and outstanding stock of North Coast pursuant to a tender offer and merger. EXCO acquired all of the outstanding common stock, options and warrants of North Coast on January 27, 2004 for a purchase price of $168.0 million, including transaction related costs, and we assumed $57.1 million of North Coast's outstanding indebtedness. As a result, on January 27, 2004, North Coast became a
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wholly-owned subsidiary and established a new core operating area for us in the Appalachian Basin. We have accounted for the North Coast acquisition using the purchase method of accounting and have consolidated its operations effective January 27, 2004.
On January 20, 2004, EXCO completed the private placement of $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of 7 1 / 4 % senior notes due 2011 pursuant to Rule 144A and Regulation S under the Securities Act at a price of 100% of the principal amount. The net proceeds of the offering were used to acquire North Coast, pay down debt under our credit facilities and North Coast's credit facility, repay our senior term loan in full and pay fees and expenses associated with those transactions.
Concurrent with the issuance of the senior notes, we wrote-off $938,000 of costs incurred in January 2004 to secure interim loan financing which was not utilized upon issuance of the senior notes and deferred financing costs of approximately $726,000 related to the senior term loan, which was retired with the proceeds of the senior notes. These amounts are reflected in the Consolidated Statement of Operations as interest expense.
On April 13, 2004, EXCO completed a private placement of an additional $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of 7 1 / 4 % senior notes due 2011 pursuant to Rule 144A, having the same terms and governed by the same indenture as the notes issued on January 20, 2004. The notes issued on April 13, 2004 were issued at a price of 103.25% of the principal amount plus interest accrued since January 20, 2004. The net proceeds of the April 13, 2004 offering were used to repay substantially all of our outstanding indebtedness under our Canadian credit agreement and pay fees and expenses associated therewith.
On May 28, 2004, EXCO concluded an exchange offer of $450.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 7 1 / 4 % senior notes due 2011, which were privately placed in January and April 2004, for $450.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 7 1 / 4 % senior notes due 2011 that have been registered under the Securities Act. Holders of all but $300,000 of the senior notes elected to accept our exchange offer.
Interest is payable on the senior notes semi-annually in arrears on January 15 and July 15 of each year. EXCO made interest payments on July 15, 2004 and January 18, 2005 in the amounts of $15.9 million and $16.3 million, respectively. The senior notes mature on January 15, 2011. Prior to January 15, 2007, EXCO may redeem all, but not less than all, of the senior notes in cash at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes plus a premium. We may redeem some or all of the senior notes beginning on January 15, 2007 for the redemption price set forth in the notes. Since a change of control has occurred, subject to certain conditions, EXCO must offer holders of the notes an opportunity to sell us their notes at a purchase price of 101% of the principal amount of the notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of the purchase. The Equity Buyout is a change of control under the indenture. As a result of this change of control and also in connection with the sale of Addison, on November 2, 2005, we commenced an offer to the holders of senior notes to repurchase up to $120.6 million of senior notes at 100% of the principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest of the notes pursuant to Section 4.07 of the indenture. Simultaneously therewith, we commenced an offer to repurchase all outstanding senior notes at 101% of the principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest in connection with the change in control provision contained in the indenture as a result of the Equity Buyout. Upon completion of the offer to repurchase related to the Addison sale, the second lien security interest on
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$120.6 million of the proceeds from the sale and the general restrictions under section 4.07 of the indenture on the entire proceeds shall terminate.
The indenture governing the senior notes contains covenants which limit our ability and the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to:
The estimated fair value of our 7 1 / 4 % senior notes due 2011 at December 31, 2004 and September 30, 2005 (unaudited) was $483.8 million and $468.0 million, respectively, as compared to the carrying amount of $453.0 million (including $3.0 million of unamortized premium) at December 31, 2004 and $452.6 million (including $2.6 million of unamortized premium) at September 30, 2005 (unaudited). The fair value of the senior notes is estimated based on quoted market prices for the senior notes.
If the net cash proceeds, as defined in the indenture, from the sale of Addison are not reinvested in oil and natural gas assets within 12 months from the date of sale, then we are required to offer to buy back the senior notes up to the amount of the net cash that was not reinvested. The purchase price would be equal to 101% of the principal amount of each senior note.
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The total purchase price for North Coast was $225.1 million representing the purchase of all outstanding common stock and liabilities assumed as detailed below and has been allocated as follows (in thousands):
The following table reflects the pro forma results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004 and for the unaudited nine month period ended September 30, 2004. The information for the year ended December 31, 2003 has been derived from EXCO's audited consolidated statement of operations for the 209 day period ended July 28, 2003 and our audited consolidated statement of operations for the 156 day period ended December 31, 2003, and North Coast's audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2003. The information for the year ended December 31, 2004 has been derived from our audited consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2004 and North Coast's unaudited consolidated financial statement of operations for the 26 day period from January 1 to January 26, 2004. The information for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 has been derived from our unaudited consolidated statement of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 and North Coast's unaudited consolidated financial statement of operations for the 26 day period from January 1 to January 26, 2004. The pro forma results of operations give effect to the following events as if each occurred on January 1 of each respective year.
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During North Coast's year ended December 31, 2003 and the 26 day period from January 1, 2004 to January 26, 2004, there were $1.5 million and $11.9 million in investment banking fees, employee bonus and severance payments and other costs incurred in connection with the merger with EXCO that have been recognized as decreases in net income in the following table.
The pro forma information presented herein does not purport to be indicative of the financial position or results of operations that would have actually occurred had the events discussed above occurred on the dates indicated or which may occur in the future.
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The income tax provision attributable to our income (loss) before income taxes consists of the following:
We have net operating loss carryforwards (NOLs) for United States income tax purposes that have either been generated from our operations or were purchased in our acquisitions. Our ability to use the purchased NOLs has been restricted by Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code due to ownership changes which occurred on December 19, 1997 and July 29, 2003, as well as the change in ownership of Rio Grande, Inc. which occurred on March 16, 1999. We estimate that approximately $7.4 million of the NOLs limited by Section 382 may expire prior to their utilization. Expiration is expected to occur from 2005 through 2019. Accordingly, a valuation allowance of $2.6 million was established to reserve the portion of NOLs in excess of the Section 382 limitation which we believe will more likely than not expire unutilized. As of September 30, 2005, this valuation allowance and its associated deferred tax asset have been written off because it was deemed worthless.
During the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003, we had a U.S. operating loss and we accordingly increased our valuation allowance to reflect that loss. Effective with the merger, we were in a deferred tax liability position in the United States at the time of the transaction due to the step up in basis for book purposes related to purchase accounting and the carryover of tax basis. Except for the valuation allowance against NOLs limited by Section 382 described above, no valuation allowance was recognized in the purchase price allocation at the acquisition date, at December 31, 2003 or December 31, 2004. As of September 30, 2005, the valuation allowance against NOLs limited by Section 382 and its associated deferred tax asset have been written off.
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Prior to the fourth quarter of 2004, we had not provided for any U.S. deferred income taxes on the undistributed earnings of Addison, our former Canadian subsidiary, based upon the determination that those earnings would be indefinitely reinvested in Canada. On October 22, 2004, the President signed the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 (the Act). The Act creates a temporary incentive for U.S. corporations to repatriate accumulated income earned abroad by providing an 85 percent dividends received deduction for certain dividends from controlled foreign corporations. In February 2005, we repatriated Cdn. $74.5 million (U.S. $59.6 million) in an extraordinary dividend, as defined in the Act, from Addison (See "Note 2. Significant transactions since January 1, 2005 (unaudited)"). Accordingly, we have recognized a tax liability of $8.2 million as of December 31, 2004 related to the extraordinary dividend. This dividend represented all of the undistributed earnings of Addison, based upon its earnings and profits as determined under U.S. federal income tax law, as of December 31, 2004. As a result of certain technical corrections to the Act, we have recognized a benefit of $2.1 million in our current income taxes during the nine months ended September 30, 2005 related to this dividend.
For the 156 day period ended December 31, 2003 and for the year ended December 31, 2004, we recognized a deferred income tax benefit of approximately $4.9 million and $909,000, respectively, related to Canadian legislation which became effective in November 2003 and May 2004 to phase in reduced income tax rates and allow for deductibility of crown royalties. These amounts have been reflected as income tax benefits in continuing operations pursuant to SFAS No. 109 and EITF 93-13, which require that the tax effect of a change in enacted tax rates be allocated to continuing operations without regard to whether the item giving rise to the effect is a component of discontinued operations.
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of our deferred tax liabilities and assets are as follows:
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A reconciliation of our income tax provision (benefit) computed by applying the statutory United States federal income tax rate to our income (loss) before income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2002, the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003, the 156 day period from July 29, 2003 to December 31, 2003, and for the year ended December 31, 2004, is presented in the following table:
A reconciliation of our income tax benefit computed by applying the statutory United States federal income tax rate to our income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 and 2005 is presented in the following table:
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8. Stock transactions
Issuance of common stock
During the year ended December 31, 2002, 24 employees exercised stock options covering 90,366 shares of EXCO's common stock at strike prices ranging from $6.00 per share to $15.50 per share. EXCO received aggregate proceeds of approximately $1,026,200 for these shares, all of which was paid in cash.
In 1998 and 1999, EXCO loaned Douglas H. Miller, its Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, a total of $915,625 in order to enable him to exercise stock options granted to him under EXCO's 1998 stock option plan. Of the outstanding balance, $465,625 plus accrued interest was due and payable on November 29, 2002, and $450,000 plus accrued interest was due and payable on September 15, 2004. Mr. Miller paid all outstanding amounts owed under these loans on November 29, 2002. At December 31, 2002, EXCO had one executive officer with an outstanding loan balance of $60,000. This loan was used to exercise stock options granted under our 1998 stock option plan and was paid in full at the time of the going private transaction.
In connection with the going private transaction, we issued to certain officers and employees shares of our Class A common stock in exchange for notes receivable. The notes receivable were for a four year term and bore interest at an annual rate of 2.53%. The officers and employees pledged their shares of the Class A common stock as security for the notes receivable. The officers and employees were to make quarterly payments, first to accrued but unpaid interest and then to principal, from the quarterly payments to the officers and employees under the bonus retention program (see Note 14. "Bonus retention program"). On October 3, 2005, in conjunction with the Equity Buyout, all unpaid amounts under the notes receivables were paid in full by the officers and employees. The notes receivable have been reflected on the consolidated balance sheets as a reduction in stockholders' equity.
The following table sets forth (in thousands of dollars) activity related to the officer and employee notes receivable and the balance of these notes receivable as of December 31, 2003 and 2004 and as of September 30, 2005 (unaudited):
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The following table summarizes EXCO's stock option activity:
The present value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The following assumptions were used for the EXCO options:
See "Note 3. Summary of significant accounting policiesStock options and benefit plan" for a comparison of our net income/(loss) and net income/(loss) per share as reported and as adjusted for the pro forma effects of determining compensation expense in accordance with SFAS 123. All outstanding stock options were either exercised prior to or cashed out as a result of the going private transaction.
During the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003, EXCO recognized $3.6 million of stock-based compensation expense in general and administrative expense. This amount was paid to option holders at the time of the going private transaction to cancel all unexercised stock options outstanding at that time. The amount represented the cumulative difference between the $18.00 per share proceeds and the exercise price of the outstanding stock options times the number of stock options outstanding.
As an incentive to the management and certain key employees of Addison, the board of directors of Addison established the Addison Energy Inc. stock option plan effective June 30, 2002. Addison stock options were issued as of June 30, 2002, under the plan that, if fully exercised, would allow the participants to own in the aggregate 1,000 shares of Addison common stock, approximately 10% of the shares of common stock in Addison on a fully-diluted
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basis. The Addison stock options were exercisable for a term of five years from the date of the grant. The Addison stock options were subject to vesting. The vesting schedule is as follows:
|
||
Vesting date
|
Cumulative
percent vested |
|
---|---|---|
|
||
Prior to April 26, 2003 | None | |
April 26, 2003 | 50% | |
April 26, 2004 | 75% | |
April 26, 2005 | 100% | |
|
The exercise price under the Addison stock option plan as of June 30, 2002 was Cdn. $1,031.61 per share. The price was determined by using a formula as set forth in the Addison stock option agreement. The formula was based upon:
This formula was to be calculated as of December 31 of each year, beginning December 31, 2002, to determine the value of each share of Addison's common stock.
If an Addison stock option were exercised, we would be obligated to purchase the shares of Addison common stock from the employee six months later at the then-current price as calculated using the above formula. Each employee receiving an Addison stock option entered into an agreement that restricts their ability to sell or transfer any Addison common stock acquired under the Addison stock option plan to any party other than to us.
The Addison stock options became fully vested and exercisable if any of the following occurs:
The Merger (See "Note 1. The Merger") was a triggering event under the Addison stock option plan. We calculated the value of each share of Addison common stock as of the date of the event to be Cdn. $10,014.50 per share. We paid approximately Cdn. $9.0 million in cash to the
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holders of the Addison stock options, which represented the difference between the calculated value per share and the Addison stock option exercise price times the number of shares of Addison common stock that the participant had the right to purchase under the Addison stock option plan.
The value of a share of Addison common stock was calculated to be Cdn. $7,013.94 per share as of December 31, 2002. The following table summarizes our Addison stock option activity:
During the year ended December 31, 2002 and for the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003, U.S. $1.4 million and U.S. $5.5 million of stock-based compensation expense for the Addison stock option plan has been recognized in income from discontinued operations.
As discussed in "Note 3. Summary of significant accounting policies", certain of our employees have been granted Holdings stock options under the Holdings Plan. The following table summarizes Holdings stock option activity:
All of the issued and outstanding stock options as of October 3, 2005 were purchased by EXCO as a part of the Equity Buyout transaction.
Issuance of preferred stock
EXCO was authorized to issue up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $.01 par value per share. On June 29, 2001, EXCO closed its rights offering to existing shareholders that resulted in the sale of 5,004,869 shares of 5% convertible preferred stock at $21.00 per share. EXCO
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raised a total of approximately $105.1 million in gross proceeds (approximately $101.2 million in net proceeds after fees and commissions), through the exercise of 4,466,869 rights and the sale of 538,000 shares of 5% convertible preferred stock by dealer managers. Old EXCO applied approximately $97.6 million of the offering proceeds to pay-off its bank loans and used the remaining proceeds for general corporate purposes. Dividends on the 5% convertible preferred stock were payable quarterly in cash and the dividend payment was approximately $1.3 million per quarter beginning September 30, 2001. Preferred stock dividends of approximately $2.7 million, $5.3 million and $2.6 million were paid during the years ended December 31, 2001 and 2002 and for the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003. Each share of 5% convertible preferred stock was converted into one share of Old EXCO's common stock on or before June 30, 2003.
In July 2003, Holdings issued 115.9 million of its Class A common stock valued at $1.50 per share to institutional investors, members of EXCO's management and key employees, and other investors in exchange for cash, shares of EXCO common stock and, in the case of certain members of management and key employees, notes receivable. Also in July 2003, Holdings issued 11.9 million shares of Class B common stock valued at $0.001 per share to members of management and key employees for cash. The shareholder agreement governing the Class A and Class B common stock provided that, upon the occurrence of certain specified events, including a change in control as occurred upon the Equity Buyout, the Class A common stock was entitled to receive the first $175.0 million upon the sale or liquidation of Holdings. Thereafter, the Class A and Class B common stock shared all proceeds on a pro-rata basis. As discussed in Note 2"Significant transactions since January 1, 2005 (unaudited)", the Class B common stock was considered to be a "variable" plan for financial accounting purposes. As a result, we will recognize a non-cash charge of approximately $47.9 million during the fourth quarter of 2005 related to the Class B common stock.
9. Commitments and contingencies
We lease our offices and certain equipment. Our rental expenses were approximately $500,000, $325,000, $221,000 and $565,000 for 2002, for the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003, for the 156 day period from July 29, 2003 to December 31, 2003, and for the year ended December 31, 2004, respectively. Our future minimum rental payments under operating leases with remaining noncancellable lease terms at December 31, 2004, are as follows:
|
|||
(in thousands)
|
Amount
|
||
---|---|---|---|
|
|||
2005 | $ | 2,007 | |
2006 | 1,880 | ||
2007 | 938 | ||
2008 | 921 | ||
2009 | 568 | ||
Thereafter | 830 | ||
|
|||
$ | 7,144 | ||
|
In the ordinary course of business, we are periodically a party to lawsuits. We do not believe that any resulting liability from existing legal proceedings, individually or in the aggregate, will have a materially adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition. However,
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future costs associated with legal proceedings may be material to our operating results and liquidity.
10. Environmental regulation
Various federal, state and local laws and regulations covering discharge of materials into the environment, or otherwise relating to the protection of the environment, may affect our operations and the costs of our oil and natural gas exploitation, development and production operations. We do not anticipate that we will be required in the foreseeable future to expend amounts material in relation to the financial statements taken as a whole by reason of environmental laws and regulations. Because these laws and regulations are constantly being changed, we are unable to predict the conditions and other factors, over which we do not exercise control, that may give rise to environmental liabilities affecting us.
11. Geographic operating segment information and oil and natural gas disclosures
We have operations in only one industry segment, that being the oil and natural gas exploration and production industry; however, we are organizationally structured along geographic operating segments. We have geographic operating segments in the United States and, until February 10, 2005, in Canada. Upon the acquisition of North Coast during 2004, our geographic operating segments in the United States were EXCO and North Coast. The following tables provide our geographic operating segment data.
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The following table presents total capitalized costs of proved and unproved properties, accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization related to oil and natural gas production, and total assets:
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The results of operations from our oil and natural gas producing activities, excluding information relating to Addison, are as follows:
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The following tables present the results of operations for our oil and natural gas producing activities for the nine month periods ending September 30, 2004 and 2005.
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12. Derivative financial instruments
In connection with the incurrence of debt related to our acquisition activities, our management has adopted a policy of entering into oil and natural gas derivative financial instruments to protect against commodity price fluctuations and to achieve a more predictable cash flow. SFAS No. 133 "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activity," requires that every derivative instrument (including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts) be recorded on the balance sheet as either an asset or liability measured at its fair value. SFAS No. 133 requires that changes in the derivative's fair value be recognized currently in earnings unless specific hedge accounting criteria are met. Special accounting for qualifying hedges allows a derivative's gains and losses to offset related results from the hedged item on the income statement. Companies must formally document, designate, and assess the effectiveness of transactions that receive hedge accounting. For derivatives classified as cash flow hedges, changes in fair value are recognized in other comprehensive income until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The ineffective portion of any change in the fair value of a derivative designated as a hedge is immediately recognized in earnings in our predecessor basis financial statements. Prior to July 29, 2003, all of EXCO's derivative financial instruments were designated as cash flow hedges. Beginning July 29, 2003, the date of the merger, we have not designated our derivative financial instruments as hedging instruments and, as a result, we recognize the change in the derivative's fair value currently in earnings (See "Note 3. Summary of significant accounting policies").
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EXCO entered into several swap transactions during 2000 and 2001 with Enron North America Corp., an affiliate of Enron Corp. (the Enron Hedges). On December 2, 2001, Enron Corp. and other Enron related entities, including Enron North America, filed for bankruptcy under Chapter 11 of the United States Code in the United States Bankruptcy Court in the Southern District of New York. We terminated all of our hedging contracts with Enron North America, effective as of December 5, 2001. We believe that we were owed approximately $15.3 million, including settlements already due but not paid, but the exact amount of the claim was determined pursuant to the terms of the ISDA Master Agreement. We valued the Enron derivative asset at $2.8 million, which represented our estimate of the fair market value of our bankruptcy claim against Enron North America, which is shown in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2003 in other assets. Our estimate of the value of our bankruptcy claim was based upon informal offers that we received from third parties attempting to purchase those claims as well as management's best estimate of the financial condition of Enron's bankruptcy estate as determined from published reports and court filings related to the bankruptcy. Our claim was sold to a third party in April 2004 for approximately $4.7 million. The difference between the $4.7 million received for the claim and the $2.8 million derivative asset was treated as a purchase price adjustment for the going private transaction. As a result, we reduced goodwill by $1.2 million and increased deferred income taxes payable by $715,000.
The following table sets forth our oil and natural gas derivatives as of December 31, 2004. The fair values at December 31, 2004 are estimated from quotes from the counterparties and represent the amount that we would expect to receive or pay to terminate the contracts at December 31, 2004. We have the right to offset amounts we expect to receive or pay among
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our individual counterparties. As a result, we have offset amounts for financial statement presentation purposes.
At December 31, 2004, the average forward NYMEX oil prices per Bbl for calendar 2005 and 2006 were $42.60 and $40.42, respectively, and the average forward NYMEX natural gas prices per Mmbtu for calendar 2005 and 2006 were $6.27 and $6.23, respectively.
Since December 31, 2004, we have closed several of our commodity price risk management contracts upon the payment of $67.6 million to our counterparties, of which $15.0 million was related to the sale of Addison. We also entered into new commodity price risk management contracts at higher prices.
The following unaudited table sets forth our oil and natural gas derivatives as of September 30, 2005. The fair values at September 30, 2005 are estimated from quotes from the counterparties and represent the amount that we would expect to receive or pay to terminate
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the contracts at September 30, 2005. We have the right to offset amounts we expect to receive or pay among our individual counterparties. As a result, we have offset amounts for financial statement presentation purposes.
At September 30, 2005, the average forward NYMEX oil price per Bbl for the remainder of calendar 2005 and for 2006 was $66.62 and $66.72, respectively, and the average forward NYMEX natural gas prices per Mmbtu for the remainder of calendar 2005 and for 2006 were $14.07 and $11.46, respectively.
Oil and natural gas revenues for the year ended December 31, 2002 include a net loss of $7.7 million from the settlement of cash flow hedges. For the year ended December 31, 2002, other income included a loss of $886,000, from hedge ineffectiveness.
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13. Acquisitions and dispositions
We have accounted for acquisitions in accordance with APB No. 16, "Business Combinations" and SFAS No. 141 "Business Combinations" where applicable.
The following significant transaction closed during 2002:
DJ Basin properties acquisition
On November 1, 2002, we acquired oil and natural gas properties located in the DJ Basin in Colorado. As of October 1, 2002, estimated total Proved Reserves net to our interest included approximately 2.1 Mmbbls of oil and NGLs, and 13.5 Bcf of natural gas from 111 gross (103 net) wells. Net daily production in September 2002, was approximately 630 Bbls of oil and NGLs, and 3.7 Mmcf of natural gas. The purchase price was approximately $22.0 million cash ($21.1 million after contractual adjustments), funded with $19.7 million of bank debt from our U.S. credit agreement and $1.4 million from surplus cash.
Significant transactions that occurred during 2003
During the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003, we completed several oil and natural gas property acquisitions in the United States. The total purchase price for the acquisitions was approximately $1.8 million funded from surplus cash. During this period, we sold our interest in several oil and natural gas properties in the United States for total sales proceeds of approximately $6.1 million.
During the 156 day period from July 29, 2003 to December 31, 2003, we completed several oil and natural gas property acquisitions in the United States. The total purchase price for the acquisitions was approximately $14.4 million funded with borrowings under our Canadian credit agreement and from surplus cash. The most significant purchase during this period was the acquisition of additional interests in certain natural gas properties that we operate in the United States that we closed in October 2003. As of October 1, 2003, estimated total Proved Reserves net to our interest from these properties included approximately 19.8 Bcf of natural gas. The total purchase price for the properties was approximately $13.9 million (after contractual adjustments).
Transactions, other than the acquisition of North Coast, that occurred during 2004
During the year ended December 31, 2004, we completed six oil and natural gas property acquisitions in the United States. Estimated total Proved Reserves net to our interest from these acquisitions included approximately 0.3 Mmbbls of oil and NGLs and 52.1 Bcf of natural gas. The total purchase price for the acquisitions was approximately $88.4 million funded with borrowings under our U.S. credit agreement and from surplus cash. During 2004, since the date of the respective acquisitions, we recorded revenue of approximately $3.7 million and oil and natural gas production costs of $619,000 on these properties.
During the year ended December 31, 2004, we completed 21 sales of oil and natural gas properties in the United States. As of January 1, 2004, estimated total Proved Reserves, net to our interest from these properties included approximately 5.2 Mmbbls of oil and NGLs and 27.9 Bcf of natural gas. The total sales proceeds we received were approximately $51.9 million. During 2003, we recorded revenue of approximately $16.3 million and oil and natural gas production costs of $6.9 million on these properties. During 2004, we recorded revenue of
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approximately $12.1 million and oil and natural gas production costs of $4.6 million on these properties through the date of their respective disposition.
Transactions, other than the sale of Addison, that occurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2005 (unaudited)
During the nine months ended September 30, 2005, we completed seven oil and natural gas property acquisitions. Estimated total Proved Reserves net to our interest from the acquisitions included approximately 0.1 Mmbbls of oil and 59.8 Bcf of natural gas. The total purchase price for the acquisitions was approximately $102.3 million, funded with borrowings under our U.S. credit agreement and from surplus cash. In addition, we acquired a small natural gas gathering system for $700,000 as part of one of the acquisitions.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2005, we completed seven sales of oil and natural gas properties. As of January 1, 2005, estimated total Proved Reserves net to our interest from these properties included approximately 0.3 Mmbbls of oil and NGLs and 18.4 Bcf of natural gas. The total sales proceeds we received were approximately $45.4 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2004, we recorded revenue of approximately $5.0 million and oil and natural gas production costs of approximately $913,000 on these properties. During the nine months ended September 30, 2005, we recorded revenues of approximately $3.7 million and oil and natural gas production costs of approximately $1.2 million on these properties through the date of their respective dispositions.
Pro forma financial information has not been provided because management believes the acquisitions, other than North Coast, and dispositions were not material.
14. Bonus retention program
In connection with the Merger, Holdings established a bonus retention program to provide an incentive for the employee stockholders of Holdings to remain employed with the company and its subsidiaries. The program provided for equal quarterly payments to the employee stockholders totaling $1.8 million on an annual basis. The first payments under the program were made on October 29, 2003. During the 156 day period from July 29, 2003 to December 31, 2003, and for the year ended December 31, 2004, we have included approximately $600,000 and $1.4 million, respectively, in general and administrative expense and $167,000 and $400,000, respectively, in income from operations of discontinued operations related to this program. For the unaudited nine month periods ended September 30, 2004 and 2005, we have included approximately $1.0 million and $1.0 million, respectively, in general and administrative expense and $300,000 and $1.0 million, respectively, in income from operations of discontinued operations related to this program.
The payments to employee stockholders was to continue for four years unless the employee stockholder voluntarily terminated employment or was dismissed for cause, at which time the payments would cease. On February 10, 2005, in conjunction with the sale of Addison, the Addison employee bonus retention plan was terminated and all bonus retention amounts payable thereunder, aggregating approximately $1.0 million, were accelerated and paid in full pursuant to the terms of the plan and has been reflected in loss from operations of discontinued operations in the unaudited consolidated statement of operations for the nine month period ended September 30, 2005.
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The Equity Buyout on October 3, 2005 constituted a change of control as defined in the agreement. As a result, the employee bonus retention plan was terminated and all bonus retention amounts payable thereunder, aggregating approximately $2.8 million, were accelerated and paid in full pursuant to the terms of the plan. Of this amount, approximately $240,000 will be reflected in our consolidated statement of operations during the three month period ended September 30, 2005 with the remaining $2.6 million to be reflected in our consolidated statement of operations during October 2005.
15. Concentration of credit risk
During 2004, sales of natural gas to an industrial customer accounted for 10.6% of our total oil and natural gas revenues. If we were to lose any one of our oil and natural gas purchasers, the loss could temporarily cease or delay production and sale of our oil and natural gas in that particular purchaser's service area. If we were to lose a purchaser, we believe we could identify a substitute purchaser.
During 2003, sales of oil to Plains All American, Inc. and affiliates and sales of natural gas to Western Gas Resources, Inc., Duke Energy Field Services, Inc., and Oneok Gas Marketing, Inc. accounted for 18.5%, 14.4%, 12.2% and 11.5%, respectively, of our total oil and natural gas revenues.
During 2002, sales of oil to Plains All American, Inc. and affiliates and to EOTT Energy accounted for 19.1% and 11.8%, respectively, of our total oil and natural gas revenues.
16. Related party transactions
We have chartered for company business a jet aircraft from a company owned by Douglas H. Miller, our chairman and chief executive officer. During the year ended December 31, 2002 and for the 209 day period from January 1, 2003 to July 28, 2003, we did not charter any aircraft services from Mr. Miller's company. During the 156 day period from July 29, 2003 to December 31, 2003, and for the year ended December 31, 2004, we paid Mr. Miller's company approximately $100,000 and $484,000, respectively, for the use of the jet aircraft. During the year ended December 31, 2004, we were reimbursed a total of $93,000 of the charter fees by the underwriters of our senior notes offering.
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17. Supplemental information relating to oil and natural gas producing activitiescontinuing operations (unaudited)
Presented below are costs incurred in oil and natural gas property acquisition, exploration and development activities (excluding all amounts related to Addison, our former Canadian subsidiary):
We retain independent engineering firms to provide annual year-end estimates of our future net recoverable oil, natural gas and NGL reserves. The estimated proved net recoverable reserves we show below include only those quantities that we expect to be commercially recoverable at prices and costs in effect at the balance sheet dates under existing regulatory practices and with conventional equipment and operating methods. Proved Developed Reserves represent only those reserves that we may recover through existing wells. Proved Undeveloped Reserves include those reserves that we may recover from new wells on undrilled acreage or from existing wells on which we must make a relatively major expenditure for recompletion or secondary recovery operations.
Discounted future cash flow estimates like those shown below are not intended to represent estimates of the fair value of our oil and natural gas properties. Estimates of fair value should also consider probable reserves, anticipated future oil and natural gas prices, interest rates, changes in development and production costs and risks associated with future production. Because of these and other considerations, any estimate of fair value is subjective and imprecise. All amounts related to Addison, our former Canadian subsidiary, have been excluded from the information contained in this note.
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Estimated quantities of proved reserves
Estimated quantities of proved developed reserves
|
||||||||
(in thousands)
|
Oil
(Bbls) |
Natural
gas (Mcf) |
NGLs
(Bbls) |
Mcfe(1)
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||
December 31, 2002 | 9,067 | 115,222 | 985 | 175,534 | ||||
December 31, 2003 | 7,750 | 123,897 | 724 | 174,741 | ||||
December 31, 2004 | 6,022 | 318,044 | 211 | 355,442 | ||||
|
Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows
We have summarized the Standardized Measure related to our proved oil, natural gas, and NGL reserves. We have based the following summary on a valuation of Proved Reserves using discounted cash flows based on year-end prices, costs and economic conditions and a 10% discount rate. The additions to Proved Reserves from the purchase of reserves in place, and new discoveries and extensions could vary significantly from year to year; additionally, the impact of changes to reflect current prices and costs of reserves proved in prior years could also be significant. Accordingly, you should not view the information presented below as an
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estimate of the fair value of our oil and natural gas properties, nor should you consider the information indicative of any trends.
During recent years, prices paid for oil and natural gas have fluctuated significantly. The NYMEX spot prices at December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 used in the above table, were $31.20, $32.52 and $43.45 per Bbl of oil, respectively, and $4.79, $6.19 and $6.15 per Mmbtu of natural gas, respectively, in each case adjusted for historical differentials between NYMEX and local prices.
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Changes in standardized measure
The following are the principal sources of change in the Standardized Measure:
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18. Supplemental information relating to oil and natural gas producing activitiesdiscontinued operations (unaudited)
Presented below are costs incurred in oil and natural gas property acquisition, exploration and development activities of our discontinued operations, which relate to Addison, our former Canadian subsidiary:
We retained independent engineering firms for 2002 and 2003 and used our internal engineers for 2004 to provide annual year-end estimates of our future net recoverable oil, natural gas and NGL reserves. The estimated proved net recoverable reserves we show below include only those quantities that we expect to be commercially recoverable at prices and costs in effect at the balance sheet dates under existing regulatory practices and with conventional equipment and operating methods. Proved Developed Reserves represent only those reserves that we may recover through existing wells. Proved Undeveloped Reserves include those reserves that we may recover from new wells on undrilled acreage or from existing wells on which we must make a relatively major expenditure for recompletion or secondary recovery operations.
Discounted future cash flow estimates like those shown below are not intended to represent estimates of the fair value of our oil and natural gas properties. Estimates of fair value should also consider probable reserves, anticipated future oil and natural gas prices, interest rates, changes in development and production costs and risks associated with future production. Because of these and other considerations, any estimate of fair value is subjective and imprecise.
F-75
Estimated quantities of proved reservesdiscontinued operations
Estimated quantities of proved developed reservesdiscontinued operations
Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flowsdiscontinued operations
We have summarized the Standardized Measure related to Addison's proved oil, natural gas, and NGL reserves. We have based the following summary on a valuation of Proved Reserves using discounted cash flows based on year-end prices, costs and economic conditions and a 10% discount rate. The additions to Proved Reserves from the purchase of reserves in place, and new discoveries and extensions could vary significantly from year to year; additionally, the impact of changes to reflect current prices and costs of reserves proved in prior years could also be significant. Accordingly, you should not view the information presented below as an
F-76
estimate of the fair value of our oil and natural gas properties, nor should you consider the information indicative of any trends.
During recent years, prices paid for oil and natural gas have fluctuated significantly. The NYMEX spot prices at December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 used in the above table, were $31.20, $32.52 and $43.45 per Bbl of oil, respectively, and $4.79, $6.19 and $6.15 per Mmbtu of natural gas, respectively, in each case adjusted for historical differentials between NYMEX and local prices.
F-77
Changes in standardized measurediscontinued operations
The following are the principal sources of change in the Standardized Measure:
F-78
19. Parent company stand alone financials
The following balance sheets and statements of operations and cash flow are presented on a parent company stand alone basis.
EXCO Holdings Inc.
Balance sheets-parent company only
|
||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
|
December 31,
2003 |
December 31,
2004 |
September 30,
2005 |
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|||||||||
Assets: | ||||||||||||
Current assets-prepaid expenses | $ | 72 | $ | 29 | $ | 55 | ||||||
Investment in EXCO Resources, Inc | 176,223 | 182,384 | 230,515 | |||||||||
Receivable from EXCO Resources, Inc | | 105 | 313 | |||||||||
|
||||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 176,295 | $ | 182,518 | $ | 230,883 | ||||||
|
||||||||||||
Liabilities and shareholders' equity: | ||||||||||||
Current liabilities | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||
Payable to EXCO Resources, Inc | 46 | | | |||||||||
Commitments and contingencies | | | | |||||||||
Stockholders' equity: | ||||||||||||
Class A common stock, $.001 par value: Authorized shares-129,962,986 Issued and outstanding shares-115,946,667 at December 31, 2003 and 2004 and at September 30, 2005 | 116 | 116 | 116 | |||||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 173,804 | 173,804 | 173,804 | |||||||||
Class B common stock, $.001 par value: Authorized shares-12,962,968 Issued and outstanding shares-11,925,925 at December 31, 2003 and 2004 and at September 30, 2005 | 12 | 12 | 12 | |||||||||
Notes receivable from stockholders | (1,829 | ) | (1,573 | ) | (1,262 | ) | ||||||
Retained earnings | 4,146 | 10,159 | 58,213 | |||||||||
|
||||||||||||
Total stockholders' equity | 176,249 | 182,518 | 230,883 | |||||||||
|
||||||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 176,295 | $ | 182,518 | $ | 230,883 | ||||||
|
F-79
EXCO Holdings Inc.
Statements of operations-parent company only
|
|||||||||||||
|
For the 156 day
period from July 29, 2003 to December 31, 2003 |
|
Nine months ended
September 30, |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Year ended
December 31, 2004 |
||||||||||||
(unaudited, in thousands)
|
2004
|
2005
|
|||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
Income: | |||||||||||||
Equity in earnings (loss) of subsidiary | $ | 4,177 | $ | 6,161 | $ | (17,400 | ) | $ | 48,131 | ||||
Interest income | 20 | 43 | 33 | 22 | |||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
Total income | 4,197 | 6,204 | (17,367 | ) | 48,153 | ||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
Expenses: | |||||||||||||
General and administrative | 51 | 191 | 172 | 99 | |||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
Total expenses | 51 | 191 | 172 | 99 | |||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes | 4,146 | 6,013 | (17,539 | ) | 48,054 | ||||||||
Income tax expense | | | | | |||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 4,146 | $ | 6,013 | $ | (17,539 | ) | $ | 48,054 | ||||
|
F-80
EXCO Holdings Inc.
Statements of cash flows-parent company only
|
||||||||||||||
|
For the 156 day
period from July 29, 2003 to December 31, 2003 |
|
Nine months ended
September 30, |
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Year ended
December 31, 2004 |
|||||||||||||
(unaudited, in thousands)
|
2004
|
2005
|
||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||
Operating activities: | ||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 4,146 | $ | 6,013 | $ | (17,539 | ) | $ | 48,054 | |||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||||||||||
Equity in earnings (loss) of subsidiary | (4,177 | ) | (6,161 | ) | 17,400 | (48,131 | ) | |||||||
Effect of changes in prepaid insurance | (194 | ) | 43 | 31 | (26 | ) | ||||||||
|
||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | (225 | ) | (105 | ) | (108 | ) | (103 | ) | ||||||
|
||||||||||||||
Investing activities: | ||||||||||||||
Acquisition of EXCO Resources, Inc., less cash acquired | (197,146 | ) | | | | |||||||||
Advances/investments with affiliates | (1,949 | ) | (151 | ) | (80 | ) | (209 | ) | ||||||
|
||||||||||||||
Net cash used in investing activities | (199,095 | ) | (151 | ) | (80 | ) | (209 | ) | ||||||
|
||||||||||||||
Financing activities: | ||||||||||||||
Proceeds from long-term debt | 53,612 | | | | ||||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of Class A and Class B common shares | 147,537 | | | | ||||||||||
Advances to employees for purchase of Class A common shares | (1,886 | ) | | | | |||||||||
Payments of principal and interest on employee notes | 57 | 256 | 188 | 312 | ||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities | 199,320 | 256 | 188 | 312 | ||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash | | | | | ||||||||||
Cash at beginning of period | | | | | ||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||
Cash at end of period | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||
|
F-81
Independent auditor's report
To
the Board of Directors and Shareholders
TXOK Acquisition, Inc.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of ONEOK Energy Resources Company and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2004 and 2003 and the related consolidated statements of income, shareholder's equity and comprehensive income, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2004. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of ONEOK Energy Resources Company and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2004, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
As discussed in Notes A and G to the consolidated financial statements, the Company adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 143, Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations, effective January 1, 2003.
/s/ KPMG LLP |
Tulsa, Oklahoma
October 30, 2005
F-82
ONEOK Energy Resources Company and Subsidiaries
Consolidated statements of income
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-83
ONEOK Energy Resources Company and Subsidiaries
Consolidated balance sheets
|
||||||||||
(in thousands)
|
December 31,
2003 |
December 31,
2004 |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||
Current assets | ||||||||||
Trade accounts and notes receivable, net | $ | 7,028 | $ | 19,564 | ||||||
Materials and supplies | 595 | 877 | ||||||||
Deferred income taxes | 211 | 1,592 | ||||||||
Oil and natural gas derivatives | 5,874 | 1,891 | ||||||||
Other current assets | 364 | 323 | ||||||||
|
||||||||||
Total current assets | 14,072 | 24,247 | ||||||||
|
||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment | ||||||||||
Oil and gas properties, successful efforts method of accounting: | ||||||||||
Producing properties | 387,801 | 434,707 | ||||||||
Nonproducing properties | 461 | 618 | ||||||||
Gathering properties | 15,250 | 17,218 | ||||||||
Furniture and fixtures | 2,977 | 3,071 | ||||||||
Land and buildings | | 350 | ||||||||
|
||||||||||
Total property, plant and equipment | 406,489 | 455,964 | ||||||||
Accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization | 63,853 | 87,935 | ||||||||
|
||||||||||
Net property, plant and equipment | 342,636 | 368,029 | ||||||||
Deferred charges and other assets | ||||||||||
Other | 1,166 | 1,885 | ||||||||
|
||||||||||
Total deferred charges and other assets | 1,166 | 1,885 | ||||||||
|
||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 357,874 | $ | 394,161 | ||||||
|
||||||||||
Liabilities and shareholders' equity | ||||||||||
current liabilities | ||||||||||
Accounts payable | $ | 631 | $ | 18,914 | ||||||
Accounts payable to related parties | 1,689 | 4,212 | ||||||||
Oil and natural gas derivatives | 6,414 | 6,007 | ||||||||
Accrued liabilities | 1,097 | 3,495 | ||||||||
|
||||||||||
Total current liabilities | 9,831 | 32,628 | ||||||||
|
||||||||||
Due to parent | 261,648 | 234,935 | ||||||||
Deferred credits and other liabilities | ||||||||||
Deferred income taxes | 26,567 | 42,839 | ||||||||
Other deferred credits | 7,124 | 9,546 | ||||||||
|
||||||||||
Total deferred credits and other liabilities | 33,691 | 52,385 | ||||||||
|
||||||||||
Total liabilities | 305,170 | 319,948 | ||||||||
|
||||||||||
Commitments and contingencies | ||||||||||
shareholder's equity | ||||||||||
Common stock, $0.01 par value: | ||||||||||
authorized, issued and outstanding 1,000 shares at December 31, 2003 and 2004 and June 30, 2005 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Paid in capital | 46,379 | 46,379 | ||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (390 | ) | (2,524 | ) | ||||||
Retained earnings | 6,714 | 30,357 | ||||||||
|
||||||||||
Total shareholder's equity | 52,704 | 74,213 | ||||||||
|
||||||||||
Total liabilities and shareholder's equity | $ | 357,874 | $ | 394,161 | ||||||
|
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-84
ONEOK Energy Resources Company and Subsidiaries
Consolidated statements of cash flows
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-85
ONEOK Energy Resources Company and Subsidiaries
Consolidated statements of shareholder's equity and comprehensive income
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-86
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(A) Summary of accounting policies
Basis of Presentation ONEOK Energy Resources Company (the "Company") is a wholly-owned subsidiary of ONEOK, Inc. (ONEOK or the "Parent"), and is engaged in the ownership, control and production of natural gas and oil and related assets located in Oklahoma and Texas. We were formed in January 2003 in connection with the sale of approximately 70% of the natural gas and oil reserves of the Production segment of ONEOK. In connection with that transaction, ONEOK transferred its remaining natural gas and oil reserves located in Oklahoma (the ONEOK legacy reserves) to us. This transaction was a common control transaction and, accordingly, was accounted for in a manner similar to a pooling of interests.
In December 2003, we acquired certain natural gas and oil properties and related flow lines located in Texas from a partnership owned by Wagner and Brown Ltd. (the Texas properties) as more fully described in Note B. Our consolidated statements prior to the acquisition of the Texas properties include solely the results of operations for the ONEOK legacy properties as if our formation occurred on January 1, 2002.
Our accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and reflect all adjustments that, in our opinion, are necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. All such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature.
On September 16, 2005, TXOK Acquisition, Inc. (TXOK), a Delaware corporation, agreed to acquire all of our issued and outstanding shares of common stock. The acquisition closed on September 27, 2005. The purchase price paid at closing, based upon adjustments as of that date, was $642.9 million. Effective upon the closing, we became a wholly-owned subsidiary of TXOK. Our unaudited results of operations from January 1, 2005 through September 26, 2005 (the 269 day period) are included herein.
Critical accounting policies
The following is a summary of our most critical accounting policies, which are defined as those policies most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations and requiring management's most difficult, subjective, or complex judgment, particularly because of the need to make estimates concerning the impact of inherently uncertain matters.
Oil and gas derivatives We engage in wholesale risk management activities. We account for derivative instruments utilized in connection with these activities under the fair value basis of accounting in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities" (Statement 133), as amended.
Under Statement 133, entities are required to record derivative instruments at fair value. The fair value of derivative instruments is determined by commodity exchange prices and over-the-counter quotes. Market value changes result in a change in the fair value of our derivative instruments. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship and, if so, the reason for holding it. If the derivative instrument does not qualify or is not
F-87
designated as part of a hedging relationship, we account for changes in fair value of the derivative in earnings as they occur. Commodity price volatility may have a significant impact on the gain or loss in any given period.
To minimize the risk of fluctuations in natural gas and crude oil prices, we periodically enter into futures transactions and swaps in order to hedge anticipated sales of natural gas and crude oil production. Under certain conditions, we designate these derivative instruments as a hedge of exposure to changes in cash flows. For hedges of exposure to changes in cash flow, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument is reported initially as a component of other comprehensive income and is subsequently reclassified into earnings when the forecasted transaction affects earnings. Any ineffectiveness of designated hedges is reported in earnings.
See Note C for more discussion of derivatives and risk management activities.
Impairment of long-lived assets We assess our long-lived assets for impairment based on Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144, "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets" (Statement 144). A long-lived asset is tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that its carrying amount may exceed its fair value. Fair values are based on the sum of the undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the assets.
We assess developed properties on an individual field basis for impairment on at least an annual basis. For developed properties, the review consists of a comparison of the carrying value of the asset with the asset's expected future undiscounted cash flows without interest costs. As a result of such assessment, we recorded no impairment provision attributable to producing properties for the years ended December 30, 2002, 2003, and 2004.
For undeveloped properties, the need for an impairment reserve is based on our plans for future development and other activities impacting the life of the property and our ability to recover our investment. When we believe the costs of the undeveloped property are no longer recoverable, an impairment charge is recorded based on the estimated fair value of the property. As a result of such assessment, we recorded no impairment provision attributable to undeveloped properties for the years ended December 30 2002, 2003 and 2004.
Estimate of proved reserves Proved reserves are estimated annually, both internally and by an independent reserve engineer, Ralph E. Davis Associates. This estimate was prepared in accordance with SEC guidelines and is a function of:
Because these estimates depend on many assumptions, all of which may substantially differ from actual results, reserve estimates may be different from the quantities of oil and natural gas that are ultimately recovered. In addition, results of drilling, testing and production after the date of an estimate may justify material revisions to the estimate.
F-88
Proved reserves materially impact depletion expense. If the proved reserves decline, then the rate at which we record depletion expense increases, reducing net income. A decline in the estimate of proved reserves may result from lower market prices, and a decline may make it uneconomical to drill or produce from higher cost fields. In addition, a decline in proved reserves may impact the outcome of our assessment of our oil and natural gas properties for impairment.
Significant accounting policies
Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, including ONEOK Energy Resources Holdings, L.L.C. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Production property We use the successful-efforts method to account for costs incurred in the acquisition and development of natural gas and oil reserves. Costs to acquire mineral interests in proved reserves and to drill and equip development wells are capitalized. Geological and geophysical costs and costs to drill exploratory wells which do not find proved reserves are expensed. Unproved oil and gas properties, which are individually significant, are periodically assessed for impairment. The remaining unproved oil and gas properties are aggregated and amortized based upon remaining lease terms and exploratory and developmental drilling experience. Depreciation and depletion are calculated using the unit-of-production method based upon periodic estimates of proved gas and oil reserves.
Other property Gathering and all other properties are stated at cost and are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life.
Revenue recognition and gas imbalances We use the sales method of accounting for natural gas and oil revenues. Under the sales method, revenues are recognized based on actual volumes of natural gas and oil sold to purchasers, regardless of whether the sales are proportionate to our ownership in the property. A liability is recorded when our excess takes of natural gas volumes exceed our estimated remaining recoverable reserves. At December 31, 2003 and 2004 and September 30, 2005, we have recorded liabilities of $211 thousand, $429 thousand and $393 thousand, respectively, for those wells for which there were insufficient reserves to retire the imbalance.
Overhead reimbursement We classify fees from overhead charges billed to working interest owners, including ourselves, as a reduction of general and administrative expenses.
Income taxes Income taxes are accounted for using the liability method under which deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences of temporary differences by applying enacted statutory tax rates applicable to future years to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of existing assets and liabilities. The effect on deferred taxes of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. We are included in the consolidated state and federal income tax returns of ONEOK and, accordingly, current taxes payable are allocated based on ONEOK's effective rate. Our income tax liabilities and provisions have been calculated on a stand-alone basis. All taxes payable or receivable are due to or from ONEOK and have been included in Due to Parent in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
F-89
Asset retirement obligations On January 1, 2003, we adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 143, "Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations" (Statement 143). Statement 143 applies to legal obligations associated with the retirement of long-lived assets that result from the acquisition, construction, development and/or normal use of the asset.
Statement 143 requires that we recognize the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation in the period when it is incurred if a reasonable estimate of the fair value can be made. The fair value of the liability is added to the carrying amount of the associated asset and this additional carrying amount is depreciated over the life of the asset. The liability is accreted at the end of each period through charges to operating expense. If the obligation is settled for an amount other than the carrying amount of the liability, we will recognize a gain or loss on settlement.
(B) Acquisitions
In December 2003, we acquired approximately $240 million of natural gas and oil properties and related flow lines located in Texas from a partnership owned by Wagner & Brown, Ltd. of Midland, Texas. The purchase price was allocated approximately $224.7 million to oil and natural gas properties and $15.3 million to gathering properties. The results of operations for these assets have been included in our consolidated financial statements since that date. The acquisition included approximately 318 wells, 271 of which we operate, and 177.2 Bcfe (unaudited) of estimated proved natural gas and oil reserves as of the September 1, 2003 effective date, with additional unproved natural gas reserve potential. Net production from these properties was approximately 26,000 Mcfe per day as of the date of the acquisition.
(C) Oil and natural gas derivatives and fair value of financial instruments
Risk policy and oversight Market risks are monitored by ONEOK's risk control group that operates independently from the operating segments that create or actively manage our commodity risk exposures. The risk control group ensures compliance with ONEOK's risk management policies. We enter into derivative contracts with a ONEOK affiliate; the affiliate in turn enters into an opposing position with a third party. The terms and conditions of the derivative held with the affiliate match that of the derivative held with the third party.
ONEOK controls the scope of risk management operations through a comprehensive set of policies and procedures involving senior levels of ONEOK's management. The audit committee of ONEOK's Board of Directors has oversight responsibilities for risk management limits and policies. ONEOK's risk oversight committee, comprised of corporate and business segment officers, oversees all activities related to risk management activities. Key risk control activities include credit review and approval, credit and performance risk measurement and monitoring, validation of transactions, portfolio valuation, VAR and other risk metrics.
To the extent open commodity positions exist, fluctuating commodity prices can impact our financial results and financial position, either favorably or unfavorably. As a result, we cannot predict with precision the impact risk management decisions may have on our business, operating results or financial position.
Accounting treatment We account for derivative instruments and hedging activities in accordance with Statement 133. Under Statement 133, we are required to record all derivative
F-90
instruments at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship and, if so, the reason for holding it. For hedges of exposure to changes in cash flow, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument is reported initially as a component of other comprehensive income and is subsequently reclassified into earnings when the forecasted transaction affects earnings.
As required by Statement 133, we formally document all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as risk management objectives, strategies for undertaking various hedge transactions and methods for assessing and testing correlation and hedge ineffectiveness. We specifically identify the forecasted transaction that has been designated as the hedged item. We assess the effectiveness of hedging relationships, both at the inception of the hedge and on an ongoing basis. Gains and losses on derivatives are included in natural gas and oil revenues in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
Ineffectiveness related to cash flow hedges was approximately $184 thousand and $497 thousand in 2003 and 2004, respectively. There was no ineffectiveness for the year ended December 31, 2002, the nine months ended September 30, 2004 or the 269 days ended September 26, 2005.
Fair value of financial instruments The fair value of our oil and natural gas derivatives is summarized in the table below:
Fair value estimates consider the market in which the transactions are executed. We utilize third party references for pricing points from NYMEX and third party over-the-counter brokers to establish commodity pricing and volatility curves. We believe the reported transactions from these sources are the most reflective of current market prices. Fair values are subject to change based on valuation factors. The fair value estimate also considers the risk of nonperformance based on credit considerations of the counterparty.
The fair value of accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate the book value due to the short-term nature of these instruments.
F-91
(D) Comprehensive income
The table below gives an overview of comprehensive income for the periods indicated.
Accumulated other comprehensive loss at December 31, 2003 and 2004 and June 30, 2005, includes unrealized gains and losses on derivative instruments.
(E) Commitments and contingencies
From time to time, we may be a party to other litigation matters and claims, which are normal in the course of our operations. While the results of litigation and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, we believe the final outcome of such matters will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations, financial position, or liquidity.
F-92
(F) Income taxes
The following table sets forth our provisions for income taxes for the periods indicated.
The following table is a reconciliation of our provision for income taxes for the periods indicated.
F-93
The following table sets forth the tax effects of temporary differences that gave rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and liabilities for the periods indicated.
(G) Asset retirement obligations
In June 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 143, "Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations" ("SFAS 143"). SFAS 143 requires legal obligations associated with the retirement of long-lived assets to be recognized at their fair value at the time that the obligations are incurred. Upon initial recognition of a liability, that cost should be capitalized as part of the related long-lived asset and allocated to expense over the useful life of the asset. We adopted SFAS 143 on January 1, 2003, and accordingly, recorded an increase in production plant in service of $4.3 million, net of a reduction in accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of $1 million including an adjustment to salvage values, a liability for asset retirement obligations of $4.2 million and a cumulative effect of change in accounting principle of $117 thousand, net of taxes.
The following table sets forth the changes in the liability for asset retirement obligations for the periods presented.
If the Company had adopted SFAS 143 on January 1, 2002, the accrual of initial obligation would have been $3.8 million on that date. Net income before the cumulative effect of the
F-94
change in accounting principle would have been $896 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2002.
(H) Supplemental cash flow
The following table sets forth supplemental information relative to our cash flow for the periods indicated.
(I) Related party transactions
ONEOK and its subsidiaries ("affiliates") provide a variety of services to the Company, including cash management and financing services, employee benefits provided through ONEOK's benefit plans, administrative services provided by ONEOK employees and management, insurance and office space leased in ONEOK's headquarters building and other field locations. Where costs are specifically incurred on behalf of an affiliate, the costs are billed directly to the affiliate by ONEOK. In other situations, the costs are allocated to the affiliates through a variety of methods, depending upon the nature of the expense and the activities of the affiliates. For example, a benefit which applies equally to all employees is allocated based upon the number of employees in each affiliate. On the other hand, an expense benefiting the consolidated company but having no direct basis for allocation is allocated by the Distrigas method, a method using a combination of gross plant and investment, operating income and labor expense. All costs directly charged or allocated to the Company by affiliates are included in the consolidated statements of income and all such operating costs have been allocated by ONEOK to its affiliates.
Our cash management function, including cash receipts and disbursements, is performed by ONEOK. These cash receipts and disbursements are included in long-term debt due to parent reflected in our consolidated balance sheets. The net amount payable to ONEOK was approximately $269.2 million and $241.5 million at December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively, and $185.0 million at September 26, 2005, as reflected in our consolidated balance sheets. Amounts payable to ONEOK have no stated maturity date or interest rate. As of December 31, 2003 and 2004, ONEOK represented that the balance due to parent would not be called within a twelve month period. As a result, the amount classified as due to parent has been classified as a non- current liability in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The interest rate is calculated periodically based upon ONEOK's cost of capital. Interest charges from ONEOK were $9.5 million, $5.6 million and $8.8 million for 2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively, and $6.6 million and $8.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 and for the
F-95
269 days ended September 26, 2005, respectively, as reflected in our consolidated statements of income.
Effective January 1, 2005, Parent recapitalized our debt and equity structure to more closely reflect the current ONEOK structure. As a result, approximately $87 million of our Due to Parent was transferred to our equity. All of our price risk management contracts are with a ONEOK affiliate (see Note C).
ONEOK has a defined benefit pension plan covering most employees and all such pension costs have been allocated by ONEOK to its affiliates. The assets and liabilities related to this plan are not being transferred to TXOK Acquisition, Inc. and, accordingly, are not reflected in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The amount of net periodic benefit income under the ONEOK plan allocated to us was $244 thousand, $318 thousand, and $148 thousand for 2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2004, net periodic benefit income was $100 thousand and for the 269 days ended September 26, 2005, net periodic benefit cost was $72 thousand. These amounts are included in employee benefits in the table below.
We also sell natural gas to ONEOK affiliates. Natural gas sales to affiliates are on the same basis as sales to unaffiliated parties. The following table sets forth the transactions with related parties for the periods shown.
The increased expenses charged by ONEOK in 2004 reflect a full year of operating the Texas properties acquired in December 2003.
F-96
(J) Oil and gas producing activities
The following table sets forth our historical cost information relating to our production operations for the periods indicated.
The following table sets forth the results of our oil and gas producing operations, including gathering revenues, for the periods indicated. The results exclude general office overhead and interest expense attributable to oil and gas production.
(K) Supplemental oil and gas reserve information (unaudited)
The volumes of reserves shown are estimates, which, by their nature, are subject to later revision. We estimate the reserves utilizing all available geological and reservoir data as well as production performance data. These estimates are reviewed annually both internally and by an independent reserve engineer, Ralph E. Davis Associates, and revised, either upward or downward, as warranted by additional performance data. See the discussion of estimate of proved reserves in Note A.
F-97
The following table sets forth estimates of our proved oil and gas reserves, net of royalty interests and changes herein, for the periods indicated.
(L) Standardized measure of future net cash flows (unaudited)
The following table sets forth estimates of the standard measure of discounted future cash flows from proved reserves of oil and natural gas for the periods indicated.
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Future cash inflows are computed by applying year-end prices (averaging $42.63 per barrel of oil, adjusted for transportation and other charges, and $5.75 per Mcf of gas at December 31, 2004) to the year-end quantities of proved reserves. As of December 31, 2004, a portion of 2005 proved developed gas production has been hedged. The effects of these hedges are not reflected in the computation of future cash flows above. If the effects of the hedges had been included, the future cash inflows would have decreased by approximately $4.1 million for 2004.
These estimated future cash flows are reduced by estimated future development and production costs based on year-end cost levels, assuming continuation of existing economic conditions, and by estimated future income tax expense. The tax expense is calculated by applying the current year-end statutory tax rates to pretax net cash flows (net of tax depreciation, depletion and lease amortization allowances) applicable to oil and gas production.
The following table sets forth the changes in standardized measure of discounted future net cash flow relating to proved oil and gas reserves for the periods indicated.
F-99
TXOK Acquisition, Inc.
Condensed consolidated balance sheet
|
|||||||
(In thousands, except share data)
|
September 30,
2005 |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||||
|
(Unaudited)
|
||||||
Assets | |||||||
Current assets: | |||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 18,698 | |||||
Accounts receivable | 33,391 | ||||||
Accounts receivableEXCO Holdings II, Inc. | 650 | ||||||
Income tax receivable | 770 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes | 9,080 | ||||||
Materials and supplies | 667 | ||||||
Other | 150 | ||||||
|
|||||||
Total current assets | 63,406 | ||||||
|
|||||||
Oil and natural gas properties (full cost accounting method): | |||||||
Unproved oil and natural gas properties | 59,053 | ||||||
Proved developed and undeveloped oil and natural gas properties | 550,205 | ||||||
Accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization | (623 | ) | |||||
|
|||||||
Oil and natural gas properties, net | 608,635 | ||||||
|
|||||||
Gas gathering, office and field equipment, net | 19,468 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes | 5,104 | ||||||
Goodwill | 18,865 | ||||||
Deferred financing costs, net | 16,648 | ||||||
|
|||||||
Total assets | $ | 732,126 | |||||
|
|||||||
Liabilities and stockholder's equity | |||||||
Current liabilities: | |||||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | $ | 7,113 | |||||
Accrued interest payable | 497 | ||||||
Revenues and royalties payable | 18,332 | ||||||
Notes payablerelated parties | 20,000 | ||||||
Embedded derivative | 14,400 | ||||||
Oil and natural gas derivatives | 24,754 | ||||||
|
|||||||
Total current liabilities | 85,096 | ||||||
|
|||||||
Long-term debt | 508,750 | ||||||
Asset retirement obligations and other long-term liabilities | 5,912 | ||||||
Oil and natural gas derivatives | 619 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies | | ||||||
|
|||||||
Total liabilities | 600,377 | ||||||
|
|||||||
Preferred stock, $.001 par value: Authorized shares200,000; | |||||||
Issued and outstanding shares150,000 at September 30, 2005 | 150,247 | ||||||
Stockholder's equity: | |||||||
Class A common stock, $.001 par value: Authorized shares350,000; | |||||||
Issued and outstanding sharesnone at September 30, 2005 | | ||||||
Class B common stock, $.001 par value: Authorized shares50,000; | |||||||
Issued and outstanding shares1 at September 30, 2005 | | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 1 | ||||||
Accumulated deficit | (18,499 | ) | |||||
|
|||||||
Total stockholder's equity | (18,498 | ) | |||||
|
|||||||
Total liabilities and stockholder's equity | $ | 732,126 | |||||
|
See accompanying notes.
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TXOK Acquisition, Inc.
Condensed consolidated statement of operations
See accompanying notes.
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TXOK Acquisition, Inc.
Condensed consolidated statement of cash flows
See accompanying notes.
F-102
TXOK Acquisition, Inc.
Condensed consolidated statement of stockholders' equity
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Class A
Common Stock |
Class B
Common Stock |
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Unaudited, in thousands, except share amounts)
|
Additional
paid-in capital |
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Accumulated Deficit
|
Total Stockholders'
Equity |
|||||||||||||||||||
Shares
|
$
|
Shares
|
$
|
|||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as of September 16, 2005 | | $ | | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||||
Issuance of common stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
Accretion of preferred stock redemption value |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(14,400 |
) |
|
(14,400 |
) |
Preferred stock dividends |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(247 |
) |
|
(247 |
) |
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3,852 |
) |
|
(3,852 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of September 30, 2005 |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
1 |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
1 |
|
$ |
(18,499 |
) |
$ |
(18,498 |
) |
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes.
F-103
TXOK Acquisition, Inc.
Notes to condensed consolidated financial statements
1. Formation of TXOK Acquisition, Inc. and the ONEOK Energy acquisition
On September 16, 2005, TXOK Acquisition, Inc., a Delaware corporation (TXOK), was formed through a $1,000 cash contribution from EXCO Holdings II, Inc. (Holdings II) to acquire one share of our Class B common stock. TXOK was formed to acquire (i) all of the issued and outstanding common stock of ONEOK Energy Resources Company and (ii) all of the outstanding membership interests in ONEOK Texas Energy Holdings, L.L.C. (collectively, ONEOK Energy). TXOK had no significant operations prior to its acquisition of ONEOK Energy. ONEOK Energy was wholly-owned by ONEOK, Inc. (ONEOK), a Tulsa-based public utility company. Following the ONEOK Energy acquisition, our operations consist primarily of the acquisition and development of interests in producing oil and natural gas properties located in the continental United States. We also act as the operator of some of these properties and receive overhead reimbursement fees as a result.
The ONEOK Energy acquisition closed on September 27, 2005. The purchase price paid at closing, based upon adjustments as of that date, was $642.9 million. We have recorded $8.1 million as an account receivable at September 30, 2005 for additional contractual adjustments to be received from ONEOK. TXOK funded the ONEOK Energy acquisition with (1) $20 million in private debt financing, $15 million of which was provided by Mr. Boone Pickens, one of Holdings II directors; (ii) the issuance of $150.0 million of preferred stock to BP EXCO Holdings, LP, an entity controlled by Mr. Pickens; (iii) a credit facility, with an initial borrowing base of $325.0 million, of which approximately $308.8 million was drawn at the closing of the ONEOK Energy acquisition; and (iv) a second lien term loan of $200.0 million. (See Note 4, "Long-term debt" for additional information concerning the credit facility and the second lien term loan and Note 5, "Preferred stock and embedded derivative" for additional information concerning the preferred stock.) On October 7, 2005, we repaid the $20.0 million in private debt financing from the proceeds of an additional $20.0 million equity investment in shares of Class B common stock by Holdings II.
The total purchase price for the ONEOK Energy acquisition was $642.9 million ($634.8 million after certain contractual adjustments) representing the purchase of all outstanding equity interest and liabilities assumed. The ONEOK Energy acquisition was accounted for using the purchase method of accounting in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141, "Business Combinations." Accordingly, TXOK's historical financial statements reflect the allocation of the purchase price to the underlying assets and liabilities based upon their estimated fair values. For tax purposes we received a step up in the tax basis to
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$648.4 million for the oil and natural gas properties acquired. This purchase price has been allocated as follows (in thousands):
The following table reflecting the pro forma results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 has been derived from our unaudited consolidated statement of operations for the period from September 16, 2005 (date of inception) to September 30, 2005 and ONEOK Energy's unaudited consolidated financial statement of operations for the period from January 1 to September 26, 2005. The pro forma results of operations give effect to the following events as if each occurred on January 1, 2005.
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|
||||
|
Nine months
ended September 30, 2005 |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
(Unaudited, in thousands)
|
|||
Revenues and other income | $ | 95,393 | ||
Net loss | $ | (7,802 | ) | |
|
The pro forma information presented herein does not purport to be indicative of the financial position or results of operations that would have actually occurred had the events discussed above occurred on the dates indicated or which may occur in the future.
2. Summary of significant accounting policies
Principles of consolidation
The accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2005 and the results of operations and cash flows for the period from September 16, 2005 (date of inception) to September 30, 2005 are for TXOK and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.
All inter-company transactions have been eliminated. The results of operations for the interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results we expect for the full year.
Management estimates
In preparing financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, we are required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The most significant estimates pertain to proved oil and natural gas reserve volumes, the fair value of assets and liabilities used in purchase accounting, future development, dismantlement and abandonment costs, valuation of deferred tax assets, estimates relating to certain oil and natural gas revenues and expenses and the fair market value of derivatives and equity securities. Actual results may differ from management's estimates.
Cash equivalents
We consider all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased, to be cash equivalents.
Concentration of credit risk and accounts receivable
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to a concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash, trade receivables and our derivative financial instruments. We place our cash with high credit quality financial institutions. We sell oil and natural gas to various customers. In addition, we participate with other parties in the drilling, completion and operation of oil and natural gas wells. The majority of our accounts receivable are due from either purchasers of oil or natural gas or participants in oil and natural gas wells for which we serve as the operator. Generally, operators of oil and natural gas properties have the right to offset future revenues against unpaid charges related to operated wells. Oil and natural gas sales are generally unsecured. We place our derivative financial instruments with financial
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institutions and other firms that we believe have high credit ratings. For a discussion of the credit risks associated with our commodity price risk management activities, please see "Note 7. Oil and natural gas derivatives."
Derivative financial instruments
We engage in commodity price risk management activities to protect against commodity price fluctuations and in connection with the incurrence of debt. Our objective in entering into these commodity price risk management transactions is to manage price fluctuations and achieve a more predictable cash flow for our development and acquisition activities. These derivatives are not held for trading purposes.
Currently, we do not designate derivative transactions as hedges for accounting purposes; accordingly, all derivatives are recorded at fair value in our consolidated balance sheet and changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments are recognized currently in our consolidated statement of operations. We do designate derivative financial instruments as hedges for income tax purposes.
Oil and natural gas properties
The oil and natural gas properties acquired in the ONEOK Energy acquisition have been recorded at estimated fair value. Subsequently, all oil and natural gas properties will be recorded at cost using the full cost method of accounting. Under the full cost method, all costs associated with the acquisition, exploration or development of oil and natural gas properties are capitalized as part of the full cost pool. Capitalized costs are limited to the aggregate of the after-tax present value of future net revenues plus the lower of cost or fair market value of unproved properties. The full cost pool is comprised of lease and well equipment and exploration and development costs incurred, plus intangible acquired proved leaseholds.
Unproved oil and natural gas properties are excluded from the calculation of depreciation, depletion and amortization until it is determined whether or not Proved Reserves can be assigned to such properties. At September 30, 2005, the $59.1 million in unproved oil and natural gas properties resulted from the allocation of the estimated fair value of undeveloped acreage and possible and probable reserves. We assess our unproved oil and natural gas properties for impairment on a quarterly basis.
Depreciation, depletion and amortization of evaluated oil and natural gas properties is calculated using the unit-of-production method based on total proved reserves, as determined by us and as audited by an independent petroleum engineering firm.
Sales, dispositions and other oil and natural gas property retirements are accounted for as adjustments to the full cost pool, with no recognition of gain or loss unless the disposition would significantly alter the amortization rate.
At the end of each quarterly period, the unamortized cost of proved oil and natural gas properties, net of related deferred income taxes, is limited to the sum of the estimated future net revenues from proved properties using current period-end prices discounted at 10%, adjusted for related income tax effects (ceiling test).
F-107
The calculation of the ceiling test is based upon estimates of Proved Reserves. There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities of Proved Reserves, in projecting the future rates of production and in the timing of development activities. The accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of the quality of available data and of engineering and geological interpretation and judgment. Results of drilling, testing and production subsequent to the date of the estimate may justify revision of such estimate. Accordingly, reserve estimates are often different from the quantities of oil and natural gas that are ultimately recovered.
Gas gathering, office and field equipment
Gas gathering, office and field equipment are capitalized at cost and depreciated on a straight line basis over their estimated useful lives. These useful lives range from 20 years for gas gathering systems and from 3 to 10 years for office and field equipment.
Goodwill
The ONEOK Energy acquisition purchase price allocation resulted in $18.9 million of goodwill (see "Note 1. Formation of TXOK Acquisition, Inc. and the ONEOK Energy Acquisition"). None of the goodwill is deductible for income tax purposes. Furthermore, in accordance with SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and Intangible Assets", goodwill is not amortized, but is tested for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently as impairment indicators arise. Impairment tests, which involve the use of estimates related to the fair market value of the business operations with which goodwill is associated, will be performed at the end of our fourth quarter. Losses, if any, resulting from impairment tests will be reflected in operating income in the statement of operations.
Environmental costs
Environmental costs that relate to current operations are expensed as incurred. Remediation costs that relate to an existing condition caused by past operations are accrued when it is probable that those costs will be incurred and can be reasonably estimated based upon evaluations of currently available facts related to each site.
Asset retirement obligations
The following is a reconciliation of our asset retirement obligations as of September 30, 2005 (in thousands of dollars):
|
For the period from
September 16, 2005 (date of inception) to September 30, 2005 |
||
---|---|---|---|
Asset retirement obligation at beginning of period | $ | | |
Activity from September 16 to September 30: | |||
ONEOK Energy acquisition | 5,907 | ||
Accretion of discount | 5 | ||
|
|||
Asset retirement obligation as of September 30 | $ | 5,912 | |
|
We have no assets that are legally restricted for purposes of settling asset retirement obligations.
F-108
Revenue recognition and gas imbalances
We use the sales method of accounting for oil and natural gas revenues. Under the sales method, revenues are recognized based on actual volumes of oil and natural gas sold to purchasers. Gas imbalances at September 30, 2005 were not significant. There was no liability recorded at September 30, 2005.
Capitalization of internal costs
We capitalize as part of our proved developed oil and natural gas properties a portion of salaries paid to employees who are directly involved in the acquisition and exploitation of oil and natural gas properties. During the period from September 16, 2005 (date of inception) to September 30, 2005, there were no internal costs capitalized.
Overhead reimbursement fees
We have classified fees from overhead charges billed to working interest owners, including ourselves, as a reduction of general and administrative expenses in the accompanying statements of operations. Our share of these charges, which are classified as oil and natural gas production costs, were not significant during the period from September 16, 2005 (date of inception) to September 30, 2005.
Income taxes
Income taxes are accounted for using the liability method under which deferred income taxes are recognized for the future tax effects of temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of existing assets and liabilities using the enacted statutory tax rates in effect at year-end. The effect on deferred taxes for a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance for deferred tax assets is recorded when it is more likely than not that the benefit from the deferred tax asset will not be realized.
Stock options
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123(R), "Share-Based Payment," was issued December 16, 2004 and is a revision of SFAS No. 123. SFAS No. 123(R) supersedes Accounting Principles Board (APB) 25 and amends SFAS No. 95, "Statement of Cash Flows." Generally, the approach in SFAS No. 123(R) is similar to the approach described in SFAS No. 123. However, SFAS No. 123(R) will require all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in our consolidated statements of operations based on their estimated values as the services are performed. The pro forma disclosure allowed by APB 25 is no longer an alternative.
On October 5, 2005, a total of 411,650 stock options to purchase shares of Holdings II common stock were granted to EXCO Resources, Inc. (Resources) employees who have been assigned to TXOK, of which 102,913 are currently exercisable. The exercise price for each option is $7.50 per share. The options expire on October 5, 2015. Pursuant to the option award, 25% are immediately vested with an additional 25% vesting occurring on each of the next three anniversaries of the date of the grant. We will adopt the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R) upon the granting of these stock options. We have not yet completed our evaluation of the impact
F-109
that the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) will have on our results of operations for the fourth quarter of 2005 or on subsequent periods.
3. Basis of presentation
We have prepared the accompanying unaudited interim financial statements pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
4. Long-term debt
Credit facility
The credit facility is a $500.9 million revolving credit facility, subject to a semi-annually determined borrowing base. The initial borrowing base is $325.0 million, of which approximately $308.8 million has been drawn in connection with the closing of the ONEOK Energy acquisition. The credit facility matures on September 27, 2009 and is secured by a first priority lien and security interest in our oil and natural gas properties as well as the capital stock of our subsidiaries. The credit facility is guaranteed by all of our existing and future direct or indirect material domestic subsidiaries. At our election, the credit facility bears interest at a fluctuating rate of interest which is a variable margin in excess of reference rates based on either the prime rate or the London InterBank Offered Rate (LIBOR). The margin increases with the borrowing base usage under the TXOK credit facility. At September 30, 2005, the interest rate on our borrowings under the credit facility was 6.625%, which was based upon a one-month LIBOR rate of 3.875% and an applicable margin of 2.750%.
The credit facility financial covenants include, among other covenants, the following:
Term loan
The term loan is a $200.0 million second lien term loan and the initial proceeds of $200.0 million were used to help fund the ONEOK Energy acquisition. The term loan matures on September 27, 2010 and is secured by a perfected second lien on all assets securing the credit facility. The term loan is guaranteed by all of our existing and future direct or indirect material domestic subsidiaries and is callable at 101% of the principal amount until September 27, 2006 and at par thereafter. The term loan bears interest at a rate of interest which is either 3.5% in excess of a fluctuating reference rate of interest based on the prime rate or 4.5% in excess of a fluctuating reference rate of interest based on LIBOR. At September 30, 2005, the interest rate on our borrowings under the term loan was 8.375%, which was based upon a one-month LIBOR rate of 3.875% and an applicable margin of 4.500%.
F-110
The term loan financial covenants include, among other covenants, the following:
At September 30, 2005, the estimated fair value of our long-term debt under the credit facility and the estimated fair value of the long-term debt under the term loan was equal to the carrying values of $308.8 million and $200.0 million, respectively.
Dividend restrictions. We have not paid any cash dividends on our common or preferred stock. In addition, the provisions of our credit facility and term loan currently prohibit us from paying cash dividends on our common or preferred stock. Even if the provisions of our credit facility and term loan permitted us to pay cash dividends, we can make those payments only from our surplus (the excess of the fair value of our total assets over the sum of our liabilities plus our total paid-in share capital). In addition, we can pay cash dividends only if after paying those dividends we would be able to pay our liabilities as they become due . The provisions of our credit facility and term loan do allow for the declaration and payment of dividends on our common and preferred stock solely in additional shares of such stock. Further, the credit facility and term loan does provide for the redemption of the preferred stock on or within five days of the initial public offering discussed in "Note 5. Preferred stock and embedded derivative."
5. Preferred stock and embedded derivative
General
We issued 150,000 shares of our preferred stock to BP EXCO Holdings LP, an entity controlled by Mr. Boone Pickens, a director of Holdings II. The preferred stock has an initial issue price of $1,000 per share and a 15% annual cumulative dividend. The preferred stock currently has full voting rights to vote on an as converted basis with our common stock on all matters submitted to a vote of our stockholders. Accordingly, the holder the preferred stock currently holds a 90% voting control of us.
Redemption provision and embedded derivative
The preferred stock is to be redeemed upon the consummation of an initial public offering of the common stock of Resources, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Holdings II. The redemption price for the preferred stock will be (a) cash in the amount of $150.0 million plus accrued and unpaid dividends at a rate of 15% and (b) that number of common stock of Resources, cash or any combination thereof, at the election of the majority of our preferred stock holder or holders, necessary to produce an overall 23% annualized rate of return on the stated value of our preferred stock as of the date of redemption. For purposes of calculating the rate of
F-111
return, the common stock of Resources will be valued at the lesser of $12.00 or the offering price to the public at the time of the initial public offering. In accordance with SFAS No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities", the redemption provision of the preferred stock is considered to be an embedded derivative. As the redemption provision and preferred stock economic characteristics are not clearly and closely related, the fair value of the embedded derivative must be separated from the value of the preferred stock and recorded as an embedded derivative liability. The fair value of the derivative was remeasured using weighted probability of future cash flows of the redemption feature. The redemption feature is to be valued at each reporting period with changes in the fair value being marked to market through the income statement. We recognize the change in the redemption value of the preferred stock as they occur and adjust the carrying value of the preferred stock to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. For the period from September 16, 2005 (date of inception) to September 30, 2005, we increased the redemption value of the preferred stock to its stated value of $150.0 million plus $247,000 for accrued but unpaid dividends on the preferred stock.
Conversion
If, within one year after the closing of the issuance of the preferred stock (by September 26, 2006), Resources has been unable to consummate an initial public offering with aggregate proceeds sufficient to redeem our preferred stock, the outstanding shares of our preferred stock shall automatically convert into 90% of our common stock on a fully diluted basis in the form of our Class A common stock.
Right of first refusal and co-sale agreement
Holdings II and the holder of our preferred stock entered into a Right of First Refusal and Co-Sale Agreement pursuant to which Holdings II gave the holder a right of first refusal, a co-sale right and, if the preferred stock is converted into Class A common stock, a drag along right on our Class B common stock held by Holdings II.
Preferred stock purchase agreement
In connection with the purchase of our preferred stock, we entered into a preferred stock purchase agreement with the purchaser of our preferred stock. This agreement contains standard representations and warranties and indemnification by us. We, along with Holdings II, agreed that if the proceeds of the proposed initial public offering of Resources are not sufficient to redeem all of our outstanding shares of preferred stock, then we and Holdings II will each use its best efforts to redeem all of our preferred stock with available cash and available borrowings under our credit facilities or under Holdings II's credit facilities.
F-112
6. Income taxes
The income tax provision attributable to our loss before income taxes consists of the following:
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:
A reconciliation of our income tax benefit computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to our loss before income taxes for the period from September 16, 2005 (date of inception) to September 30, 2005 is presented in the following table:
7. Oil and natural gas derivatives
In connection with the incurrence of debt related to our acquisition activities, our management has adopted a policy of entering into oil and natural gas derivative financial instruments to protect against commodity price fluctuations and to achieve a more predictable cash flow. SFAS No. 133 "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," requires that every
F-113
derivative instrument (including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts) be recorded on the balance sheet as either an asset or liability measured at its fair value. SFAS No. 133 requires that changes in the derivative's fair value be recognized currently in earnings unless specific hedge accounting criteria are met. Special accounting for qualifying hedges allows a derivative's gains and losses to offset related results from the hedged item on the income statement. Companies must formally document, designate, and assess the effectiveness of transactions that receive hedge accounting. For derivatives classified as cash flow hedges, changes in fair value are recognized in other comprehensive income until the hedged item is recognized in earnings.
We do not designate our derivative financial instruments as hedging instruments for financial accounting purposes and, as a result, we recognize the change in the derivative's fair value currently in earnings.
The following table sets forth our oil and natural gas derivatives as of September 30, 2005. The fair values at September 30, 2005 are estimated from quotes from the counterparties and represent the amount that we would expect to receive or pay to terminate the contracts at September 30, 2005. We have the right to offset amounts we expect to receive or pay among
F-114
our individual counterparties. As a result, we have offset amounts for financial statement presentation purposes.
F-115
At September 30, 2005, the average forward NYMEX oil price per Bbl for the remainder of calendar 2005 and for calendar 2006 was $66.62 and $66.72, respectively and the average forward NYMEX natural gas prices per Mmbtu for the remainder of calendar 2005 and for 2006 were $14.07 and $11.46, respectively.
8. Related party transactions
Resources hired approximately 57 people who were formerly employed by ONEOK, Inc. and historically worked on these assets. In accordance with the terms of a services agreement between Resources and TXOK, TXOK will reimburse Resources for all compensation expense of these employees. In addition, pursuant to terms of the service agreement, Resources will provide us with general management, treasury, finance, legal, audit, tax, information technology, and payroll and benefit administration services. We have agreed to reimburse Resources for all costs incurred on our behalf and to pay Resources $25,000 per month for these additional services. Our operations are currently being directed from ONEOK Energy's former office in Tulsa.
Pursuant to a transition services agreement that we entered into with ONEOK, we are to receive certain services and office space from ONEOK for a period of 180 days from September 27, 2005 unless sooner terminated. These services generally consist of information technology, telecommunications, general office support, and transition services from former ONEOK Energy employees who did not accept employment with TXOK. Charges for these services are specified in the agreement. We are also to reimburse ONEOK for any costs it incurs on our behalf.
The private investors who funded a total of $20.0 million in loans to TXOK to fund the $19.4 million in deposits paid in connection with the ONEOK Energy acquisition also entered into contracts with us to render financial advisory services pursuant to which we paid them approximately $4.9 million on October 7, 2005. TXOK borrowed the $20.0 million under the terms of two promissory notes entered into in September 2005. Interest on the promissory notes was a fixed amount of $130,000. The maturity date of the promissory notes was the later of the fifth business day following the completion of the acquisition of EXCO Holdings Inc. by Holdings II or the ONEOK Energy acquisition. The principal and interest of the promissory notes were paid in full on October 7, 2005.
At September 30, 2005, we have a receivable from Holdings II in the amount of $650,000. This represents funds received by Holdings II on our behalf. These funds are to be paid to us by Holdings II during the fourth quarter of 2005.
9. Commitments and contingencies
Pursuant to the transition services agreement discussed in "Note 8. Related party transactions", we are obligated to pay monthly rent for office space to ONEOK of approximately $48,700 for a period of six months.
In the ordinary course of business, we are periodically a party to lawsuits. We do not believe that any resulting liability from existing legal proceedings, individually or in the aggregate, will have a materially adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition. However, costs associated with future legal proceedings may be material to our operating results and liquidity.
F-116
10. Environmental regulation
Various federal, state and local laws and regulations covering discharge of materials into the environment, or otherwise relating to the protection of the environment, may affect our operations and the costs of our oil and natural gas exploitation, development and production operations. We do not anticipate that we will be required in the foreseeable future to expend amounts material in relation to the financial statements taken as a whole by reason of environmental laws and regulations. Because these laws and regulations are constantly being changed, we are unable to predict the conditions and other factors, over which we do not exercise control, that may give rise to environmental liabilities affecting us.
11. Supplemental information relating to oil and natural gas producing activities
The estimated proved net recoverable reserves we show below have been prepared by our petroleum engineers and have been audited by an independent petroleum engineering firm. These reserves include only those quantities that we expect to be commercially recoverable at prices and costs in effect at the balance sheet dates under existing regulatory practices and with conventional equipment and operating methods. Estimated proved developed reserves represent only those reserves that we may recover through existing wells. Estimated proved undeveloped reserves include those reserves that we may recover from new wells on undrilled acreage or from existing wells on which we must make a relatively major expenditure for recompletion or secondary recovery operations.
Estimated quantities of proved reserves
Estimated quantities of proved developed reserves
|
||||||
|
Natural
gas (Bcf) |
Oil
(Mmbls) |
Bcfe (1)
|
|||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||
September 30, 2005 | 165.4 | 3.2 | 184.6 | |||
|
F-117
Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows
We have summarized the Standardized Measure related to our proved oil and natural gas reserves. We have based the following summary on a valuation of Proved Reserves using discounted cash flows based on period-end prices, costs and economic conditions and a 10% discount rate. You should not view the information presented below as an estimate of the fair value of our oil and natural gas properties, nor should you consider the information indicative of any trends.
Discounted future cash flow estimates like those shown below are not intended to represent estimates of the fair value of our oil and natural gas properties. Estimates of fair value should also consider probable reserves, anticipated future oil and natural gas prices, interest rates, changes in development and production costs and risks associated with future production. Because of these and other considerations, any estimate of fair value is subjective and imprecise.
The reserves and cash flows in the above tables are based on September 30, 2005 NYMEX spot prices of $13.92 per Mmbtu for natural gas and $66.24 per Bbl for oil, in each case adjusted for historical differentials between NYMEX and local prices.
For the four day period from September 27, 2005 (date of the ONEOK Energy acquisition) to September 30, 2005, changes in standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows is due to oil and natural gas revenues of $2.1 million and our oil and natural gas production costs were $293,000. There were no oil and natural gas development costs incurred during that period.
F-118
Report of independent registered public accounting firm
To
the Board of Directors and Stockholders
North Coast Energy, Inc.
Cleveland, Ohio
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of North Coast Energy, Inc. (a Delaware corporation) and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2003 and 2002 and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders' equity and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 and the nine month period ended December 31, 2001. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of North Coast Energy, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2003 and 2002 and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 and the nine month period ended December 31, 2001, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
HAUSSER + TAYLOR LLC
Cleveland,
Ohio
January 30, 2004
F-119
North Coast Energy, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated balance sheets
|
||||||||
|
December 31,
2003 |
December 31,
2002 |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||
Assets | ||||||||
Current assets | ||||||||
Cash and equivalents | $ | 20,247,671 | $ | 14,711,205 | ||||
Notes and accounts receivabletrade | 10,441,719 | 5,796,537 | ||||||
Inventories | 209,858 | 353,722 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses | 493,688 | 404,726 | ||||||
|
||||||||
Total current assets | 31,392,936 | 21,266,190 | ||||||
Property and equipment, at cost |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Land | 222,822 | 222,822 | ||||||
Oil and gas properties (successful efforts) | 163,201,304 | 143,952,276 | ||||||
Gathering systems | 18,012,014 | 17,137,184 | ||||||
Vehicles | 3,022,546 | 2,288,388 | ||||||
Furniture and fixtures | 1,129,232 | 991,438 | ||||||
Buildings and improvements | 2,164,649 | 1,877,667 | ||||||
|
||||||||
187,752,567 | 166,469,775 | |||||||
Less accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization |
|
|
46,098,399 |
|
|
37,213,430 |
||
|
||||||||
141,654,168 | 129,256,345 | |||||||
Other assets, net |
|
|
414,569 |
|
|
1,328,595 |
||
|
||||||||
Total assets | $ | 173,461,673 | $ | 151,851,130 | ||||
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
F-120
North Coast Energy, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated balance sheets
|
|||||||||
|
December 31,
2003 |
December 31,
2002 |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||||||
Liabilities and stockholders' equity | |||||||||
Current liabilities | |||||||||
Accounts payable | $ | 3,570,927 | $ | 3,369,632 | |||||
Accrued expenses | 12,892,941 | 7,077,717 | |||||||
|
|||||||||
Total current liabilities | 16,463,868 | 10,447,349 | |||||||
Long-term debt |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Affiliates | | 10,000,000 | |||||||
Non-affiliates | 57,000,000 | 57,000,000 | |||||||
|
|||||||||
57,000,000 | 67,000,000 | ||||||||
Asset retirement and other liabilities |
|
|
963,246 |
|
|
208,456 |
|
||
Deferred income taxes |
|
|
17,240,612 |
|
|
9,458,421 |
|
||
Commitments and contingencies |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Stockholders' equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Series A, 6% Noncumulative Convertible Preferred stock, par value $.01 per share; 563,270 shares authorized; 0 and 72,336 shares issued and outstanding (aggregate liquidation value of $0 and $723,360) | | 723 | |||||||
Series B, Cumulative Convertible Preferred stock, par value $.01 per share; 625,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Undesignated Serial Preferred stock, par value $.01 per share; 811,730 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Common stock, par value $.01 per share; 60,000,000 shares authorized; 15,392,101 and 15,208,634 shares issued and outstanding |
|
|
153,921 |
|
|
152,086 |
|
||
Additional paid-in capital |
|
|
47,913,456 |
|
|
47,889,111 |
|
||
Retained earnings | 36,132,166 | 18,125,209 | |||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (2,405,596 | ) | (1,430,225 | ) | |||||
|
|||||||||
Total stockholders' equity | 81,793,947 | 64,736,904 | |||||||
|
|||||||||
Total liabilities & stockholders' equity | $ | 173,461,673 | $ | 151,851,130 | |||||
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
F-121
North Coast Energy, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated statements of income
|
||||||||||
|
Year ended
December 31, 2003 |
Year ended
December 31, 2002 |
Nine-month
period ended December 31, 2001 |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||
Revenue | ||||||||||
Oil and gas production | $ | 58,415,289 | $ | 37,414,188 | $ | 22,851,489 | ||||
Drilling revenues | | 2,082,351 | 1,795,047 | |||||||
Well operating, gathering and other | 6,880,974 | 6,766,608 | 7,474,679 | |||||||
|
||||||||||
65,296,263 | 46,263,147 | 32,121,215 | ||||||||
Costs and expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and gas production expenses | 10,219,886 | 8,583,185 | 6,399,658 | |||||||
Drilling costs | | 1,752,456 | 1,990,415 | |||||||
Well operating, gathering and other | 5,210,591 | 3,488,709 | 3,213,867 | |||||||
Exploration expense | 3,270,867 | 1,572,638 | 847,303 | |||||||
General and administrative expenses | 7,301,940 | 4,168,323 | 2,725,611 | |||||||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization | 9,215,534 | 9,022,370 | 6,330,099 | |||||||
|
||||||||||
35,218,818 | 28,587,681 | 21,506,953 | ||||||||
|
||||||||||
Income from operations |
|
|
30,077,445 |
|
|
17,675,466 |
|
|
10,614,262 |
|
Interest expense, net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income | 477,637 | 371,807 | 420,226 | |||||||
Interest expense | 2,756,865 | 3,146,609 | 3,190,118 | |||||||
|
||||||||||
2,279,228 | 2,774,802 | 2,769,892 | ||||||||
|
||||||||||
Income before provision for income taxes |
|
|
27,798,217 |
|
|
14,900,664 |
|
|
7,844,370 |
|
Provision for income taxes | 9,791,260 | 5,148,332 | 2,496,376 | |||||||
|
||||||||||
Net income | $ | 18,006,957 | $ | 9,752,332 | $ | 5,347,994 | ||||
|
||||||||||
Net income applicable to common stock (after dividends on cumulative Preferred Stock of $0, $58,165 and $174,647, respectively) | $ | 18,006,957 | $ | 9,694,167 | $ | 5,173,347 | ||||
|
||||||||||
Net income per share (basic and diluted) | ||||||||||
Basic | $ | 1.18 | $ | 0.64 | $ | 0.34 | ||||
|
||||||||||
Diluted | $ | 1.16 | $ | 0.64 | $ | 0.34 | ||||
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
F-122
North Coast Energy, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated statements of stockholders' equity
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
F-123
North Coast Energy, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated statements of cash flows
|
||||||||||||||||
|
Year ended
December 31, 2003 |
Year ended
December 31, 2002 |
Nine-month
period ended December 31, 2001 |
|||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities | ||||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 18,006,957 | $ | 9,752,332 | $ | 5,347,994 | ||||||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||||||||||||
Depreciation, depletion and amortization | 9,215,534 | 9,022,370 | 6,330,099 | |||||||||||||
Gain on sale of property and equipment | (4,297 | ) | (398 | ) | (28,541 | ) | ||||||||||
Deferred income taxes | 8,561,260 | 5,090,000 | 2,496,376 | |||||||||||||
Change in: | ||||||||||||||||
Notes and accounts receivabletrade | (4,645,182 | ) | (597,365 | ) | 2,647,297 | |||||||||||
Inventories and other current assets | 54,902 | 6,444 | (158,034 | ) | ||||||||||||
Other assets, net | 725,874 | 292,575 | 16,138 | |||||||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | 4,527,972 | (2,414,741 | ) | 712,644 | ||||||||||||
Other liabilities | (85,285 | ) | | | ||||||||||||
Billings in excess of costs on uncompleted contracts | | (2,062,094 | ) | 1,184,813 | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||
Total adjustments | 18,350,778 | 9,336,791 | 13,200,792 | |||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 36,357,735 | 19,089,123 | 18,548,786 | |||||||||||||
Cash flows from investing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
Purchases of property and equipment | (20,968,525 | ) | (24,083,729 | ) | (13,801,713 | ) | ||||||||||
Proceeds on sale of property and equipment | 387,694 | 54,694 | 224,720 | |||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||
Net cash used by investing activities | (20,580,831 | ) | (24,029,035 | ) | (13,576,993 | ) | ||||||||||
Cash flows from financing activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
Exercise of stock options and warrants | 480,172 | | | |||||||||||||
Repayment of long-term debt | (10,000,000 | ) | | (724,026 | ) | |||||||||||
Redemption of Preferred A shares | (720,610 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Redemption of Preferred B shares | | (2,326,642 | ) | | ||||||||||||
Dividends | | (58,165 | ) | (500,657 | ) | |||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||
Net cash used by financing activities | (10,240,438 | ) | (2,384,807 | ) | (1,224,683 | ) | ||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) in cash and equivalents | 5,536,466 | (7,324,719 | ) | 3,747,110 | ||||||||||||
Cash and equivalents at beginning of period |
|
|
14,711,205 |
|
|
22,035,924 |
|
|
18,288,814 |
|
||||||
|
||||||||||||||||
Cash and equivalents at end of period | $ | 20,247,671 | $ | 14,711,205 | $ | 22,035,924 | ||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: | ||||||||||||||||
Cash paid during the period for: | ||||||||||||||||
Interest | $ | 2,871,131 | $ | 3,218,081 | $ | 3,556,283 | ||||||||||
Income taxes | | | 222,969 | |||||||||||||
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
F-124
North Coast Energy, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Note 1. Organization and summary of significant accounting policies
Costs to drill exploratory wells that do not find proved reserves, costs of developmental wells on properties the Company has no further interest in, geological and geophysical costs, and costs of carrying and retaining unproved properties are expensed.
Unproved oil and gas properties that are significant are periodically assessed for impairment of value and a loss is recognized at the time of impairment by providing an impairment allowance. Historically, impairment losses on unproved properties have not been material. Other unproved properties are expensed when surrendered or expired.
F-125
When a property is determined to contain proved reserves, the capitalized costs of such properties are transferred from unproved properties to proved properties and are amortized on a group (pool) basis by the unit-of-production method based upon estimated proved developed reserves having similar characteristics. To the extent that capitalized costs of each pool of proved properties exceed the estimated future net cash flow from such pool, the excess capitalized costs are written down to the present value of such amount. Estimated future net cash flows are determined based primarily upon the estimated future proved developed reserves related to the Company's current proved properties.
The Company has adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 143. It requires that the fair value of the liability for asset retirement obligations be recognized in the period in which it is incurred and capitalized as part of the properties. For the Company, these obligations include plugging and abandonment of oil and gas wells and associated pipelines and equipment (See Note 14).
The Company follows SFAS 144 which requires a review for impairment whenever circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Impairment is recorded as impaired properties are identified.
On sale or abandonment of an entire interest in an unproved property, gain or loss is recognized, taking into consideration the amount of any recorded impairment. If a partial interest in an unproved property is sold, the amount received is treated as a reduction of the cost of the interest retained. The net carrying cost of unproved properties is approximately $3,473,000 and $3,310,000 at December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
Oil and gas production revenue is recognized as income as it is extracted from the properties and sold. Well operating, gathering and other revenues include operating fees charged to outside working interest owners in NCE operated wells, gathering fees (including transportation allowances and compression fees), third party gas sales associated with purchased natural gas and other miscellaneous revenues. Such revenue is recognized at the time it is earned and the Company has a contractual right to receive payment. Administrative fees received from NCE organized and managed oil and gas partnerships are treated as a reduction of the Company's general and administrative expenses.
For diluted income per share, the assumed conversion of Series A preferred stock had the effect of increasing average outstanding shares by 8,293, 33,251 and 33,624 shares, for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 and the nine month period ended December 31, 2001, respectively. Assumed exercise of dilutive stock options had the effect of adding 149,881,
F-126
108 and 3,705 shares to the average outstanding shares for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 and the nine months ended December 31, 2001, respectively. The assumed exercise of dilutive warrants had the effect of adding 50,486 shares to the average outstanding shares for the year ended December 31, 2003. The effect of warrants were anti-dilutive for the year ended December 31, 2002 and the nine-month period ended December 31, 2001.
The Company accounts for stock based compensation issued to its employees and directors in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees." Accordingly, no compensation cost has been recognized for the stock option plans, as all options granted under the plans have an exercise price equal to the average of the closing price for each of the twenty trading days prior to the date of the grant. The fair value of options granted during 2003 and 2002 was approximately $810,800 and $205,900, respectively. Options granted prior to 2002 were not material enough to significantly impact the Company's previous years' income per share. The fair value of options granted was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, assuming no dividend yield, and
F-127
weighted average risk-free interest rates of 2.5% and 4.6% for 2003 and 2002, respectively; volatility of 67% and 52% for 2003 and 2002, respectively; and expected life of 5 years.
The following table illustrates the effect on net income and earnings per share if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Statement No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation," to stock-based employee compensation:
Note 2. Acquisitions
During 2003 and 2002 the Company acquired interests in proved oil and gas properties and related equipment for approximately $1,330,000 and $3,710,000, respectively. These acquisitions related to the purchase of interests in existing oil and gas properties. The pro forma effect of the acquisitions is not material and therefore has not been presented.
Note 3. Details of current liabilities
Accrued expenses consist of the following:
|
||||||
|
December 31, 2003
|
December 31, 2002
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||
Production taxes | $ | 2,039,671 | $ | 1,689,351 | ||
Drilling costs | 2,380,922 | 826,185 | ||||
Compensation | 1,851,066 | 1,268,716 | ||||
Other expenses | 1,632,539 | 1,023,267 | ||||
Federal income tax | 1,230,000 | | ||||
Mark-to-market | 3,758,743 | 2,270,198 | ||||
|
||||||
$ | 12,892,941 | $ | 7,077,717 | |||
|
F-128
Note 4. Long-term debt
Long-term debt consists of the following:
|
||||||
|
December 31, 2003
|
December 31, 2002
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||
NUON Non-Negotiable Subordinated Promissory Note due February 28, 2015 | $ | 0 | $ | 10,000,000 | ||
Notes payablebank | 57,000,000 | 57,000,000 | ||||
|
||||||
$ | 57,000,000 | $ | 67,000,000 | |||
|
The Non-Negotiable Subordinated Promissory Note was repaid in August 2003. This note bore interest at the six-month LIBOR plus 2.3%. The weighted average interest rate was 3.8%, 4.5% and 4.9% for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 and the nine-month period ended December 31, 2001, respectively.
The Company has a five-year, $125,000,000 credit agreement with a group of four banks with Union Bank of California acting as agent bank. The credit agreement provides for a borrowing base (presently $80,000,000 of which $57,000,000 is drawn upon) that is determined semiannually by the lenders based on the Company's financial position, oil and gas reserves and certain other factors. The credit agreement expires on September 26, 2005. The agreement provides for a 3 / 8 % commitment fee on amounts not borrowed up to the borrowing base and allows for a sub-limit of $15,000,000 for the issuance of letters of credit. At December 31, 2003 and 2002, amounts outstanding under bank credit agreements bear interest at LIBOR plus 1.625% and 1.875%, respectively, or approximately 2.8% and 3.3%, respectively. The weighted average interest rate on bank borrowings was 4.4%, 4.7% and 4.7% for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 and the nine-month period ended December 31, 2001, respectively. Amounts borrowed are secured by the Company's receivables, inventory, equipment and a first mortgage on certain of the Company's interests in oil and gas wells and reserves. The Company's credit agreement restricts the Company from incurring additional debt or liens, prohibits certain dividends and distributions, and requires the Company to maintain positive working capital and minimum interest and fixed charge coverage. The Company was in compliance with all covenants and restrictions at December 31, 2003.
Note 5. Stockholders' equity
The Board of Directors of NCE has designated 563,270 shares of the 2,000,000 shares of preferred stock authorized as Series A, 6% Noncumulative Convertible Preferred stock (Series A Preferred stock) and 625,000 shares of Preferred stock as Series B, Cumulative Convertible Preferred stock (Series B Preferred stock).
Stockholders of Series A Preferred stock were entitled to vote such shares on any and all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders of the Company based upon the number of votes such stockholders would have if the Series A Preferred stock had been converted into shares of common stock of the Company. Holders of shares of Series A Preferred stock were entitled to receive, when and if declared by the Board of Directors, noncumulative cash dividends at an annual rate of $.60 per share. Shares of Series A Preferred stock were senior to
F-129
shares of common stock with respect to such cash dividends. The Series A Preferred stock was redeemable at the option of NCE at a price of $10 per share. In June 2003, the Company redeemed all of its outstanding Series A Preferred stock for $720,610.
Holders of shares of Series B Preferred stock were entitled to receive, when and if declared by the Board of Directors, cash dividends at an annual rate of $1.00 per share, payable quarterly. The holders of Series B Preferred stock had the right, exercisable at their option, to convert any and all of such shares into 1.15 shares of common stock. The Series B Preferred stock was redeemable at the option of the Company, at $10 per share plus any accrued and unpaid dividends, as defined. In March 2002, the Series B Preferred stock was redeemed at $10 per share plus the accrued and unpaid dividends of $0.25 per share, as defined.
In each fiscal year 2000, 1999 and 1998, the Company issued warrants to purchase 26,800 shares of common stock for $4.375 per share. These warrants (half of which were issued to a former director and officer) expire between September 2002 and September 2004.
Effective April 1999, in connection with the signing of a separation agreement, the Company's then Chief Executive Officer received a ten-year warrant to purchase 60,000 shares of the Company's common stock at $5.00 per share. In December 2003, the warrants were exercised in a cashless transaction and 35,353 shares of common stock were issued.
On December 13, 1999, the stockholders of the Company approved the adoption of the North Coast Energy, Inc. 1999 Employee Stock Option Plan ("the Option Plan"). The Option Plan, as amended in 2003, provides 800,000 shares of common stock reserved for the exercise of options granted under the plan. The Option Plan provides for the granting of stock options to purchase common stock at an option price determined by North Coast's Stock Option and Compensation Committee ("the Committee"). Options granted under the plan have been at or above the fair market value of the stock at the date of grant. The Committee determines the expiration date but no option shall be exercisable for a period of more than 10 years. The aggregate fair market value of the common stock exercisable for the first time during any calendar year cannot exceed $100,000. Options granted under the Option Plan terminate upon, or within 90 days of the employee leaving the Company. The Company, from time to time, may issue additional options outside the plan.
F-130
Stock option transactions during for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 and the nine-month period ending December 31, 2001 are summarized as follows:
In the year ended December 31, 2003, the Company granted options for 27,600 shares to a Director of the Company at $5.71 per share, which vest one-third on each March 21, 2003, 2004 and 2005, granted options for 109,510 shares at $5.71 per share to two officers which vested upon grant, and granted options for 112,270 shares to key employees at $5.71 per share, which vested upon grant. During the year ended December 31, 2003, 97,548 of these options were exercised.
In January 2002, the Company granted 30,000 options to an independent Director at $3.36 per share. Those options vested 10,000 upon grant and 10,000 each on January 31, 2003 and 2004. In March 2002, the Company granted 34,050 options to an officer at $3.51 per share. All 34,050 options were vested upon grant. During the year ended December 31, 2003, 8,045 of these options were exercised. In addition, the Company granted 53,600 options to two officers and two key employees at $3.51 per share. One-third of those shares were vested upon grant and one-third will vest on each of March 28, 2003 and 2004. During the year ended December 31, 2003, 13,033 of these options were exercised.
In the nine months ended December 31, 2001, the Company granted options for 35,000 shares to an officer of the Company at $3.70 per share, all of which vested upon grant. During the year ended December 31, 2003, 20,000 of these options were exercised. In the nine months ended December 31, 2001, the Company granted 25,000 options to a key employee at $4.38, which vested one-half on each of May 7, 2001 and 2002. During the year ended December 31, 2003, all of these options were exercised.
In the year ended March 31, 2001, the Company granted 30,000 options to a Director of the Company at $3.99 per share with one-third of those options vesting on April 1, 2001 and one-third vesting each year thereafter. During the year ended December 31, 2003, 15,000 options were exercised. The Company also granted 30,000 options to an executive officer at
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$3.47 per option all of which vested upon grant. During the year ended December 31, 2003, the Company repurchased the options at an agreed upon value of $58,300.
Stock appreciation rights may be awarded by the Committee at the time, or subsequent to the time, of the granting of options. Stock appreciation rights awarded shall provide that the option holder shall have the right to receive an amount equal to 100% of the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the shares of common stock covered by the option over the option price payable, as defined. No stock appreciation rights have been awarded under the plan.
The Company has a Key Employees Stock Bonus Plan (the "Bonus Plan") to provide key employees, as defined, with greater incentive to serve and promote the interests of the Company and its stockholders. The aggregate number of shares of common stock, which may be issued as bonuses, shall be 400,000. The expenses of administering the Bonus Plan are borne by the Company. The Bonus Plan, as amended, terminates on February 1, 2011. The Company has issued 25,120 shares of common stock under the Bonus Plan since inception.
Note 6. Income taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under SFAS No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes." SFAS 109 is an asset and liability approach that requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in
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the Company's consolidated financial statements or tax returns. The provision for income taxes consisted of the following:
Income taxes differed from the amount computed by applying the federal statutory rates to pretax book income as follows:
The components of the net deferred tax liability as of December 31, 2003 and 2002 were as follows:
As of December 31, 2003, the Company had operating loss, statutory depletion and alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards of approximately $3,600,000, $3,400,000 and $1,599,000, respectively. The operating loss carryforwards expire in 2022. The percentage depletion and alternative minimum tax carryforwards can be carried forward indefinitely. Realization of these items is subject to certain limitations and is contingent upon future earnings. Additionally, a portion of the carryforwards may be subject to limitations imposed by Internal Revenue Code Section 382, which could further restrict the Company's utilization and realization of such carryforwards.
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Note 7. Retirement savings trust and plan
The Company has a Retirement Savings Trust and Plan ("the Plan") that covers all employees that meet the eligibility requirements of the Plan. During 2002, the Plan provided that the Company could make (i) profit sharing contributions and (ii) contributions to match fifty percent (50%) of employee pre-tax contributions with matching contributions on the first five percent (5%) of an employee's compensation contributed to the plan. The Plan was restated as of April 1, 2002 to comply with certain changes in law and to adopt a plan year ending December 31 of each year. The Plan was also restated as of January 1, 2003 to make certain changes in the Plan and to comply with certain changes in law. The Plan now provides for immediate vesting of all profit sharing contributions and all matching contributions. Also, effective January 1, 2003, the Plan provides that instead of making profit sharing contributions, the Company may make a non-elective contribution equal to three percent (3%) of each eligible employee's compensation. The Company must determine annually whether or not to make this contribution, which is designated under the Plan as an "ADP Test Safe Harbor Contribution," which satisfies the requirements of Internal Revenue Code Section 401(k)(12) and regulations issued thereunder. During 2003, the Company made $183,670 in non-elective contributions which represented three percent (3%) of each eligible employee's compensation.
For the plan year ended March 31, 2002, the profit sharing contribution was $75,000. Effective April 1, 2002, the Plan was amended to adopt a plan year ending December 31 of each year. Matching contributions were $109,594 and $90,906 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
Note 8. Commitments and contingencies
The Company has unlimited liability to third parties with respect to the operations of the remaining partnerships and may be liable to limited partners for losses attributable to breach of fiduciary obligations. In certain partnerships, certain investors have participated as co-general partners in such partnerships. To make such investments more acceptable to potential investors (from the standpoint of risks to such investors), NCE has agreed to indemnify these investor-general partners from any partnership liability, which they may incur in excess of their contributions.
Note 9. Industry segments and major customers
NCE and its subsidiaries operate in a single industry segment, the acquisition, exploration and development of oil and gas properties primarily in the Appalachian Basin. NCE and its subsidiaries both originate and acquire prospects and drill, or cause to be drilled, such prospects through joint drilling arrangements with other independent oil and gas companies.
The Company's revenue is derived from oil and gas related activities in the Appalachian Basin. Gas production revenues represented 95%, 94% and 93% of total oil and gas production revenues for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 and the nine-month period ended December 31, 2001, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2003, two customers purchased 18% and 11% of the gas produced by the Company. During the year ended December 31, 2002, one customer purchased 20% of the gas produced. During the nine-month period ended December 31, 2001, two customers purchased 21% and 13% of the gas produced
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by the Company. A significant portion of trade accounts receivable are attributable to these purchasers.
Note 10. Financial instruments
Derivative financial instruments: The Company only uses derivatives for hedging purposes. The following is a summary of the Company's risk management strategies and the effect of these strategies on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
Cash flow hedging strategy: The Company is exposed to commodity price risks related to natural gas and oil. As a result, the Company's financial results can be significantly impacted by changes in commodity prices. "Costless collars" are financial derivatives that consist of a sold call option and a purchased put option such that the combined revenue and cost of these individual transactions is equal to or near zero. Gains or losses on the hedges relative to the market are recognized monthly as additions to or subtractions from oil and gas sales. To lessen its exposure to commodity price risk, NCE expects to continue to sell natural gas under fixed price contracts, on the spot market and to use financial hedging instruments to realize a fixed- price on a portion of its production. As a result of the costless collars, oil and gas sales were decreased by approximately $5,632,000 for the year ended December 31, 2003 and increased by approximately $539,000 and $840,000 for the year ended December 31, 2002 and the nine months ended December 31, 2001, respectively. The following table reflects the natural gas volumes and the weighted average prices under costless collars and fixed-price contracts at December 31, 2003:
Interest rate swap: During 2001, the Company entered into interest rate swap agreements that effectively convert a portion of its variable-rate-long-term-debt to fixed rate debt, thus reducing the impact of interest rate changes on future income. As a result of the swap agreements interest expense was increased by approximately $830,000 and $500,000 in 2003 and 2002, respectively. The amount was immaterial in 2001. At December 31, 2003, the following contracts were outstanding:
|
||||||||||
|
Term
|
Notional amount
|
LIBOR
rate fixed |
NCE effective
fixed rate |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||
1. | January 1, 2003 to December 31, 2004 | $ | 20,000,000 | 3.2 | % | 4.9 | % | |||
2. | January 1, 2001 to December 31, 2004 | $ | 20,000,000 | 3.0 | % | 5.1 | % | |||
|
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The pre-tax mark-to-market liability and related deferred tax asset associated with the two interest rate swap contracts as calculated by counter parties was $704,253 and $974,318 and $253,531 and $360,498 at December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
The Company qualifies for special hedge accounting treatment under SFAS 133, whereby the fair value of the hedge is recorded in the balance sheet as either an asset or liability and changes in fair value are recognized in other comprehensive income until settled, when the resulting gains and losses are recorded in earnings. Hedge ineffectiveness is charged to earnings. To date, ineffectiveness in the Company's hedges is not material. The effect on earnings and other comprehensive income as a result of SFAS 133 will vary from period to period and will be dependent upon prevailing oil and gas prices, the volatility of forward prices for such commodities, the volumes of production the Company hedges and the time periods covered by such hedges.
As a result of the adoption of SFAS 133, the Company recorded a liability associated with its natural gas hedges based on gas prices in effect at April 1, 2001 of $3,200,000, with offsetting charges to deferred taxes of $1,100,000 and other comprehensive income of $2,100,000. The change was accounted for as a cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle. During the nine months ended December 31, 2001, natural gas prices decreased and one hedge instrument expired. Consequently, the liability at December 31, 2001 was eliminated along with the related deferred tax asset and a mark-to-market asset of $920,050 and a deferred tax liability of $340,420 were recorded. Accumulated other comprehensive income at December 31, 2001 was $579,630 and total comprehensive income for the nine months ended December 31, 2001 was $5,927,624. During 2002 natural gas prices increased resulting in a mark-to-market liability and a deferred tax asset of $1,295,880 and $479,476 respectively, at December 31, 2002. As a result, accumulated other comprehensive loss was $1,430,225 (interest rate swap $613,821 and costless collar $816,404) and total comprehensive income was $7,742,477 for the year ended December 31, 2002. During 2003, the changes in natural gas prices resulted in a mark-to-market liability and a deferred tax asset of $3,054,490 and $1,099,616, respectively, at December 31, 2003. As a result, accumulated other comprehensive loss was $2,405,596 ($1,954,874 costless collars and $450,722 interest rate swap) and total comprehensive income was $17,031,586 for the year ended December 31, 2003.
Concentrations of credit risk: Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable, and derivatives.
The Company maintains cash and cash equivalents with a large financial institution, which has an investment grade rating on its debt. This financial institution operates throughout the country and the Company's policy is to review the institution's credit worthiness periodically.
Concentrations of credit risk with respect to trade accounts receivable are limited due to the large number of diverse entities comprising the Company's customer base. The Company does not require collateral for trade accounts receivable, and, therefore, the Company could record losses if these customers fail to pay. The Company believes that established reserves, for nonpayment of $1,000,000 and $620,000 at December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively, based on a review of delinquent receivables and assessment of historical collections, are adequate.
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The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of non-performance by counterparties to derivative instruments. The Company limits this exposure by using counterparties with high credit ratings and monitors those ratings periodically.
The carrying amounts and fair values of the Company's financial instruments are as follows:
Note 11. Related party transactions
Accounts receivable from affiliates amounted to $120,727 and $72,385 at December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively, consist primarily of receivables from the partnerships managed by the Company and are for administrative fees charged to the partnerships and to reimburse the Company for amounts paid on behalf of the partnerships. In the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 and the nine months ended December 31, 2001, the Company acquired limited partnership interests in oil and gas drilling programs that it had sponsored at a cost of approximately $34,800, $1,517,000 and $1,250,000, respectively.
Note 12. Accounting standards
In June 2001, FASB issued SFAS No. 143, "Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations," which was effective the first quarter of fiscal year 2003. SFAS 143 addresses financial accounting and reporting for obligations associated with the retirement of long-lived assets and the associated asset retirement cost. The adoption of this standard has not had a material effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In June 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 146, "Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities." SFAS 146 is effective for the Company for disposal activities initiated after December 31, 2002. The adoption of this standard has not had a material effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In December 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 148, "Accounting for Stock-Based CompensationTransition and Disclosure" that amends SFAS No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation," to provide alternative methods of transition to Statement 123's fair value method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation. SFAS 148 also amends the disclosure provisions of SFAS 123 and APB Opinion No. 28, Interim Financial Reporting, to require disclosure of the effects of an entity's accounting policy with respect to stock-based employee compensation on reported net income and earnings per share in annual and interim financial statements. The Statement does not amend SFAS 123 to require companies to account for employee stock options using the fair value method. The Statement is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2002. The adoption of SFAS 148 has not had a material effect on the Company's results of operations.
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In April 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 149, "Amendment of Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities." This statement amends and clarifies financial reporting for derivative instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts and for hedging activities under SFAS No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities." This statement is effective for contracts entered into or modified after June 30, 2003, and for hedging relationships designated after June 30, 2003. The adoption of SFAS 149 has not had a material effect on the Company's results of operations.
In May 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 150, "Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity." This statement establishes standards for how an issuer classifies and measures certain financial instruments with characteristics of both liabilities and equity. SFAS 150 is effective for financial instruments entered into or modified after May 31, 2003, and otherwise is effective at the beginning of the first interim period beginning after June 15, 2003. The effective date for certain portions of SFAS 150 has been deferred indefinitely. The Company does not expect the application of the provisions of SFAS 150 to have a material impact on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In January 2003, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 46 ("FIN 46"), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an interpretation of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51. FIN 46 requires certain variable interest entities, or VIEs, to be consolidated by the primary beneficiary of the entity if the equity investors in the entity do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties. FIN 46 is effective for all VIEs created or acquired after January 31, 2003. For VIEs created or acquired prior to February 1, 2003, the provisions of FIN 46 must be applied for the first interim or annual period beginning after June 15, 2003. The Company currently has no contractual relationship or other business relationship with a variable interest entity and therefore the adoption of FIN 46 had no effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Note 13. Transition reporting
In August 2001, the Company elected to change its year end from March 31 to December 31. As a result, the Company's transition period was the nine months ended December 31, 2001.
The following table of consolidated financial data provides a year-to-year comparison of the results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001. The 2001 amounts are unaudited and reflect all adjustments, which are, in the opinion of management, necessary to
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a fair statement of the results for the period. All adjustments made were of a normal recurring nature.
Note 14. Asset retirement obligation
In 2003, the Company adopted SFAS No. 143, "Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations." SFAS 143 requires the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation to be recognized in the period in which it is incurred if a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. For the Company, these obligations include plugging and abandonment of oil and gas wells and associated pipelines and equipment. Consistent with industry practice, historically the Company has determined the cost of plugging and abandonment on its oil and gas properties would be offset by salvage values received. The associated asset retirement costs are capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the long-lived asset. The Company recorded a non-current liability and an increase to oil and gas properties of approximately $763,000 in connection with the adoption of this statement.
The estimated liability is based on historical experience in plugging and abandoning wells, estimated remaining lives of those wells based on reserves estimates, external estimates as to
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the cost to plug and abandon the wells in the future, and federal and state regulatory requirements. The liability is discounted using an assumed credit-adjusted risk-free interest rate. Revisions to the liability could occur due to changes in estimates of plugging and abandonment costs or remaining lives of the wells, or if federal or state regulators enact new plugging and abandonment requirements.
The Company has no significant assets legally restricted for purposes of settling asset retirement obligations. Except for the item previously referenced, the Company has determined that there are no other material retirement obligations associated with tangible long-lived assets.
The schedule below is a reconciliation of the Company's liability for the year ended December 31, 2003:
|
||||
|
Asset retirement
obligation |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||
Beginning balance | $ | 208,000 | ||
Upon adoption | 763,000 | |||
Liabilities incurred | 8,000 | |||
Liabilities settled | (185,000 | ) | ||
Accretion | 69,000 | |||
Other | 25,000 | |||
|
||||
$ | 888,000 | |||
|
The above accretion expense is included in depreciation, depletion and amortization in the Company's consolidated statements of operations and the asset retirement obligation is included in asset retirement and other liabilities in the Company's consolidated balance sheets.
Note 15. Supplemental information relating to oil and gas producing
activities (unaudited)
Capitalized costs relating to oil and gas producing activities
|
||||||||||
|
December 31, 2003
|
December 31, 2002
|
December 31, 2001
|
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||
Proved oil and gas properties | $ | 159,393,488 | $ | 140,098,372 | $ | 121,195,745 | ||||
Accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization |
|
|
(38,013,039 |
) |
|
(30,626,693 |
) |
|
(24,069,473 |
) |
|
||||||||||
Net capitalized costs | $ | 121,380,449 | $ | 109,471,679 | $ | 97,126,272 | ||||
|
Costs incurred in oil and gas producing activities
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Property acquisition costs include purchases of proved and unproved oil and gas properties acquired in business acquisitions. Additions to asset retirement costs are not material.
Results of operations for oil and gas producing activities
Provision for income taxes was computed using the statutory tax rates and reflects permanent differences, including statutory depletion and the Partnership's results of operations for oil and gas producing activities that are reflected in the Company's consolidated income tax provision for the periods.
The tables on the following pages set forth pertinent data with respect to the Company's oil and gas properties, all of which are located within the continental United States.
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Estimated quantities of proved oil and gas reserves
Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows
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Changes in the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows
Under the guidelines of SFAS 69, estimated future cash flows are determined based on period-end prices for crude oil, current allowable prices applicable to expected natural gas production (including transportation allowances), estimated production of proved crude oil and natural gas reserves, estimated future production and development costs of reserves based on current economic conditions, future plugging costs and the estimated future income tax expenses, based on year-end statutory tax rates (with consideration of true tax rates already legislated) to be incurred on pretax net cash flows less the tax basis of the properties involved. At December 31, 2003, such cash flows were discounted to present value using a 10% monthly discount rate and in 2002, they were discounted using a 10% year-end discount rate. The change in discount rates added approximately $9 million of discounted future net cash flow and is included in the "Other" category of changes in the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2003.
The estimated quantities of proved oil and gas reserves and standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows include reserves from proved undeveloped acreage. The proved undeveloped acreage includes only the acreage directly offsetting locations to wells that have indicated commercial production in the objective formation and which NCE expects to drill in the near future using prices, operating costs and development costs expected in the area of interest. The reserve quantities were reviewed by an independent petroleum engineering firm.
The methodology and assumptions used in calculating the standardized measure are those required by SFAS 69. It is not intended to be representative of the fair market value of the Company's proved reserves. The valuation of revenues and costs does not necessarily reflect the amounts to be received or expended by the Company. In addition to the valuations used, numerous other factors are considered in evaluating known and prospective oil and gas reserves.
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Note 16. Subsequent event
In April 2003, the Company announced that it had retained an investment banking firm to assist it in examining and evaluating its strategic alternatives. Subsequently, in connection with its evaluation, the Company received several third party proposals for the acquisition of the Company.
On November 26, 2003, North Coast Energy, Inc., NUON Energy & Water Investments, Inc., NCE Acquisition, Inc. and EXCO Resources, Inc. signed an agreement and plan of merger, which was amended and restated as of December 4, 2003, whereby EXCO Resources, Inc. agreed to commence a tender offer for all outstanding shares of common stock of North Coast Energy, Inc. On December 10, 2003, the Company announced that NUON Energy and Water Investments, which held approximately 86% of the outstanding common stock of the Company, entered into a Stock Tender Agreement with NCE Acquisition, Inc. a wholly owned subsidiary of EXCO Resources, Inc, under the terms of which it would tender all of its shares of North Coast Energy common stock to NCE Acquisition, Inc. for $10.75 per common share. The tender offer expired on January 23, 2004, and all tendered shares (96.8%) were accepted by EXCO Resources, Inc. All tendered and untendered shares will be redeemed for $10.75. Subsequently on January 27, 2004, EXCO Resources, Inc. caused the merger of NCE Acquisition, Inc. into North Coast Energy, Inc. and thereby became the sole stockholder of North Coast Energy, Inc.
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shares
EXCO Resources, Inc.
Common stock
Prospectus
JPMorgan
Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc.
Goldman, Sachs & Co.
A.G. Edwards
Credit Suisse First Boston
KeyBanc Capital Markets
, 2006
Until , all dealers that effect transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the dealers' obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.
Part II
Information not required in prospectus
Item 13. Other expenses of issuance and distribution
The following table sets forth the costs and expenses, other than underwriting discounts and commissions, expected to be incurred in connection with the offering described in the Registration Statement. All amounts are estimates except the registration and filing fees.
Item 14. Indemnification of directors and officers
Under Article Eleven of our Second Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, a director may not be held personally liable to us or our shareholders for monetary damages for an act or omission in the director's capacity as director, except for liability for any of the following:
(1) A breach of the director's duty of loyalty to the us or our shareholders;
(2) An act or omission not in good faith that constitutes a breach of duty of the director to us or an act or omission that involves intentional misconduct or knowing violation of the law;
(3) A transaction from which the director received an improper benefit, regardless of whether the benefit resulted in from an action taken within the scope of the director's office;
(4) An act of omission for which the liability of a director is expressly provided by an applicable statute.
Article Eleven further provides that if the TBCA or the Texas Miscellaneous Corporation Laws Act, or the TMCLA, is amended to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of directors, then the liability of a director shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by such Acts, as so amended.
Any repeal or modification of Article Eleven by our shareholders will not adversely affect any right or protection of a director existing at the time of such repeal or modification, nor will any repeal or modification of those provisions of the TBCA or TMCLA that concerns the limitations of director liability be construed to adversely affect any right or protection of a
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director existing at the time of such repeal or modification unless such adverse construction is required by law.
Article Twelve of our Amended Restated Articles of Incorporation and Article Sixth of our bylaws provide that we must indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by the TBCA, the TMCLA or any other applicable law, except as described below with respect to securities law violations. Out bylaws further provide that we must pay or reimburse reasonable expenses incurred by one of our directors or officers who was, is or is threatened to be made a named defendant or respondent in a proceeding to the maximum extent permitted under the TBCA. We believe that these provisions are necessary.
In the event that a claim for indemnification is made for liabilities arising under the Securities Act, the indemnification shall not be made or allowed unless:
(1) the claim for indemnification under the circumstances is predicated upon the prior successful defense by the applicant of any action, suit or proceeding;
(2) our Board of Directors receives an opinion of our counsel to the effect that it has been settled by controlling precedent that indemnification under the circumstances is not against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act; or
(3) a court of appropriate jurisdiction finally adjudicates in an action, suit or proceeding in which we submit the issue to the court prior to allowance of the claim that indemnification under the circumstances is not contrary to the public policy expressed in the Securities Act.
Under Article 2.02-1 of the TBCA, subject to the procedures and limitations stated therein, we may indemnify any person who was, is or is threatened to be made a named defendant or respondent in a proceeding because the person is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of ours against judgment, penalties (including excise and similar taxes), fines, settlements, and reasonable expenses (including court costs and attorneys' fees) actually incurred by the person in connection with the proceeding if it is determined that the person seeking indemnification:
We are required by Article 2.02-1 of the TBCA to indemnify a director or officer against reasonable expenses (including court costs and attorneys' fees) incurred by the director or officer in connection with a proceeding in which the director or officer is a named defendant or respondent because the director or officer is or was in that position if the director or officer has been wholly successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of the proceeding. The TBCA prohibits us from indemnifying a director or officer in respect of a proceeding in which the person is found liable to us or on the basis that a personal benefit was improperly received by him or her, other than for reasonable expenses (including court costs and attorneys' fees) actually incurred by him or her in connection with the proceeding; provided, that the TBCA further prohibits us from indemnifying a director or officer in respect of any such proceeding
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in which the person is found liable for willful or intentional misconduct in the performance of his or her duties.
Under Article 2.02-1(J) of the TBCA, a court of competent jurisdiction may order us to indemnify a director or officer if the court determines that the director or officer is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification in view of all the relevant circumstances; however, if the director or officer is found liable to us or is found liable on the basis that a personal benefit was improperly received by him or her, the indemnification will be limited to reasonable expenses (including court costs and attorneys' fees) actually incurred by him or her in connection with the proceeding.
Pursuant to the merger agreement dated March 11, 2003 between ER Acquisition, Inc., EXCO Holdings and us in connection with the going private transaction, EXCO Holdings and we indemnified each person who served as an officer or director of ours prior to the effective time of the merger until the later of six years after the effective time of the merger or the expiration of any statute of limitations applicable to the claim under which indemnification is sought, against liabilities for their actions or omissions as directors or officers before the effective time of the merger. The merger agreement further provided that for a period of six years after the effective time of the merger, we must maintain directors' and officers' liability insurance protection with the same coverage and in the same amount as and on terms no less favorable to the covered officers and directors than that provided by our pre-merger insurance policies. The persons benefiting from the insurance provisions of the merger agreement include all persons who served as our directors and executive officers during the period from August 1, 2002 until the effective time of the merger.
We maintain insurance for its officers and directors against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, under insurance policies, the premiums of which we pay. The effect of these policies is to indemnify any of our officers and directors against expenses, judgments, attorney's fees and other amounts paid in settlements incurred by an officer or director upon a determination that such person acted in good faith.
Item 15. Recent sales of unregistered securities
On June 30, 2003, all then-outstanding shares of our 5% convertible preferred stock were converted into shares of our common stock pursuant to the terms of the certificate of designation governing the preferred stock. The conversion was affected pursuant to an exemption claimed under Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act of 1933.
On July 29, 2003 we completed a "going private" merger transaction with EXCO Holdings whereby all of our then-outstanding shares of common stock were cancelled in exchange for the cash merger consideration. Pursuant to the merger, we issued one share of our common stock to EXCO Holdings pursuant to an exemption claimed under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933.
On January 20, 2004, we issued $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 7 1 / 4 % senior notes due 2011 to Credit Suisse First Boston LLC, Banc One Capital Markets, Inc., BNP Paribas Securities Corp., Comerica Securities, Inc., Scotia Capital (USA) Inc. and TD Securities (USA) Inc. who were the initial purchasers of the senior notes. On April 13, 2004, we issued an additional $100.0 million of our 7 1 / 4 % senior notes due 2011 to the same initial purchasers. We issued the
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senior notes to the initial purchasers in reliance on Section 4(2) of the Securities Act on the basis that each initial purchaser represented and warranted to us that it was (i) a qualified institutional buyer as defined in Rule 144A under the Securities Act and (ii) an "accredited investor" within the meaning of Rule 501(a) under the Securities Act. The initial purchasers then offered and resold the notes to qualified institutional buyers in reliance on Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933 and to non-U.S. persons in transactions outside the United States in reliance on Regulation S under the Securities Act of 1933. We exchanged all but $300,000 of the senior notes for new registered senior notes with substantially identical terms in June 2004.
A list of exhibits filed herewith is contained in the Exhibit Index that immediately precedes such exhibits and is incorporated by reference herein.
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-1 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Dallas, State of Texas, on the 5th day of January, 2006.
EXCO Resources, Inc. | ||||
|
|
By: |
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/s/ DOUGLAS H. MILLER Douglas H. Miller Chairman and Chief Executive Officer |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the registrant in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
Signature
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Title
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Date
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JEFFREY D. BENJAMIN*
Jeffrey D. Benjamin |
Director | January 5, 2006 | ||
EARL E. ELLIS* Earl E. Ellis |
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Director |
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January 5, 2006 |
DOUGLAS H. MILLER Douglas H. Miller |
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Chairman and Chief Executive Officer |
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January 5, 2006 |
ROBERT H. NIEHAUS* Robert H. Niehaus |
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Director |
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January 5, 2006 |
BOONE PICKENS* Boone Pickens |
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Director |
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January 5, 2006 |
II-5
J. DOUGLAS RAMSEY* J. Douglas Ramsey |
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Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
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January 5, 2006 |
STEPHEN F. SMITH* Stephen F. Smith |
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Vice Chairman, President and Secretary |
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January 5, 2006 |
ROBERT L. STILLWELL* Robert L. Stillwell |
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Director |
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January 5, 2006 |
Douglas H. Miller, by signing his name hereto, does sign and execute this Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of EXCO Resources, Inc. on behalf of each of the above-named officers and directors of the Registrant on this 5th day of January 2006, pursuant to the powers of attorney executed on behalf of such officer and director, previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
*By: |
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/s/ DOUGLAS H. MILLER Douglas H. Miller Attorney-in-Fact |
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II-6
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Exhibit
number |
Description of exhibit
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1.1 | Form of Underwriting Agreement, filed herewith. | |
3.1 |
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Form of Third Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of EXCO Resources, Inc., filed herewith. |
3.2 |
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Form of Bylaws of EXCO Resources, Inc., filed herewith. |
4.1 |
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Indenture among EXCO Resources, Inc., the Subsidiary Guarantors and Wilmington Trust Company, as Trustee, dated as of January 20, 2004, filed as exhibit (b)(2) to Amendment No. 4 to the Schedule TO filed by NCE Acquisition, Inc. and EXCO Resources, Inc. on January 21, 2004 and incorporated by reference herein. |
4.2 |
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First Supplemental Indenture by and among EXCO Resources, Inc., North Coast Energy, Inc., North Coast Energy Eastern, Inc. and Wilmington Trust Company, as Trustee, dated as of January 27, 2004.* |
4.3 |
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Second Supplemental Indenture by and among EXCO Resources, Inc., Pinestone Resources, LLC and Wilmington Trust Company, as Trustee, dated as of December 21, 2004, filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Annual Report on Form 10-K for 2004 filed March 31, 2005 and incorporated by reference herein. |
4.4 |
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Form of 7 1 / 4 % Global Note Due 2011.** |
4.5 |
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Registration Rights Agreement by and among EXCO Resources, Inc., Credit Suisse First Boston LLC, Banc One Capital Markets, Inc., Banc of America Securities LLC, BNP Paribas Securities Corp., Comerica Securities, Inc., Fleet Securities, Inc., Scotia Capital (USA) Inc. and TD Securities (USA) Inc., dated January 20, 2004.* |
4.6 |
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Registration Rights Agreement by and among EXCO Resources, Inc., certain domestic subsidiaries of EXCO Resources, Inc., as guarantors, and Credit Suisse First Boston LLC, Banc One Capital Markets, Inc., BNP Paribas Securities Corp., Comerica Securities, Inc., Scotia Capital (USA) Inc. and TD Securities (USA) Inc, dated April 1, 2004.** |
4.7 |
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Pledge Agreement by and between EXCO Resources, Inc. and Wilmington Trust Company, as trustee, dated January 20, 2004.* |
4.8 |
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Securities Account Control Agreement, dated as of February 10, 2005, among EXCO Resources, Inc., JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., Wilmington Trust Company and JPMorgan Securities Inc., filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 8-K/A Amendment No. 1 dated February 10, 2005 and filed February 16, 2005 and incorporated by reference herein. |
4.9 |
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Securities Account Control Agreement, dated as of February 10, 2005, among EXCO Resources, Inc., Wilmington Trust Company and J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 8-K/A Amendment No. 1 dated February 10, 2005 and filed February 16, 2005 and incorporated by reference herein. |
4.10 |
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Form of stock certificate for common stock offered hereby, filed herewith. |
5.1 |
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Form of legal opinion of Haynes and Boone, LLP, filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form S-1 (File No. 333-129935) filed on November 23, 2005 and incorporated by reference herein. |
10.1 |
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Agreement and Plan of Merger among EXCO Resources, Inc., EXCO Holdings Inc. and ER Acquisition, Inc., dated March 11, 2003, filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 8-K filed March 12, 2003 and incorporated by reference herein. |
10.2 |
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Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement among EXCO Resources, Inc., EXCO Operating, LP, North Coast Energy, Inc. and North Coast Energy Eastern, Inc., as Borrowers, and Bank One, NA, as Administrative Agent for itself and the Lenders defined therein.* |
10.3 |
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First Amendment to the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement among EXCO Resources, Inc., EXCO Operating, LP, North Coast Energy, Inc. and North Coast Energy Eastern, Inc., as Borrowers, and Bank One, NA, as Administrative Agent for itself and the Lenders defined therein, dated March 31, 2004.** |
10.4 |
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Second Amendment to the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement among EXCO Resources, Inc., EXCO Operating, LP, North Coast Energy, Inc. and North Coast Energy Eastern, Inc., as Borrowers, and Bank One, NA, as Administrative Agent for itself and the Lenders defined therein, dated March 31, 2004.** |
10.5 |
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Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement between Addison Energy Inc. and Bank One, NA, Canada Branch, as Administrative Agent for itself and the lenders named therein.* |
10.6 |
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First Amendment to the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement between Addison Energy Inc. and Bank One, NA, Canada Branch, as Administrative Agent for itself and the lenders named therein, dated March 31, 2004.** |
10.7 |
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Second Amendment to the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement between Addison Energy Inc. and Bank One, NA, Canada Branch, as Administrative Agent for itself and the lenders named therein, dated March 31, 2004.** |
10.8 |
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Amended and Restated Agreement and Plan of Merger among NCE Acquisition, Inc., EXCO Resources, Inc., North Coast Energy, Inc. and Nuon Energy & Water Investments, Inc., dated as of December 4, 2003, filed as exhibit (d)(1) to the Schedule TO filed by NCE Acquisition, Inc. and EXCO Resources, Inc. on December 5, 2003 and incorporated by reference herein. |
10.9 |
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Escrow Agreement among Nuon Energy & Water Investments, Inc., EXCO Resources, Inc. and Citibank, N.A., dated as of December 9, 2003.* |
10.10 |
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Unconditional Guaranty Agreement by and between EXCO Resources, Inc. and n.v. NUON, dated as of December 9, 2003.* |
10.11 |
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Commitment Letter among Credit Suisse First Boston Bank One, NA, Banc One Capital Markets, Inc. and EXCO Resources, Inc., dated November 25, 2003, filed as exhibit (b)(1) to the Schedule TO filed by NCE Acquisition, Inc. and EXCO Resources, Inc. on December 5, 2003 and incorporated by reference herein. |
10.12 |
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Pledge Agreement for Stock dated as of January 27, 2004, by North Coast Energy, Inc. in favor of Bank One, NA, Canada Branch, as Agent.* |
10.13 |
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Pledge Agreement for Partnership Interests dated as of January 27, 2004, by EXCO Investment I, LLC and EXCO Investment II, LLC, Inc. in favor of Bank One, NA, Canada Branch, as Agent.* |
10.14 |
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Pledge Agreement for Stock dated as of January 27, 2004, by EXCO Resources, Inc. in favor of Bank One, NA, Canada Branch, as agent.* |
10.15 |
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Second Restated Unlimited Guaranty dated as of January 27, 2004, by EXCO Resources, Inc., EXCO Operating, LP, North Coast Energy, Inc., North Coast Energy Eastern, Inc., EXCO Investment I, LLC, EXCO Investment II, LLC and Taurus Acquisition, Inc. in favor of Bank One, NA, Canada Branch, as Agent.* |
10.16 |
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Amended and Restated Pledge Agreement for Partnership Interests dated as of January 27, 2004, by EXCO Investment I, LLC and EXCO Investment II, LLC in favor of Bank One, NA, as Agent.* |
10.17 |
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Pledge Agreement for Stock dated as of January 27, 2004, by North Coast Energy, Inc. in favor of Bank One, NA, as Agent.* |
10.18 |
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Amended and Restated Pledge Agreement for Stock dated as of January 27, 2004, by EXCO Resources, Inc. in favor of Bank One, NA, as Agent.* |
10.19 |
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Amended and Restated Pledge Agreement for Stock dated as of January 27, 2004, by EXCO Holdings Inc. in favor of Bank One, NA, as Agent.* |
10.20 |
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Amended and Restated Subsidiary Guaranty dated as of January 27, 2004, by Taurus Acquisition, Inc., EXCO Investment I, LLC and EXCO Investment II, LLC in favor of Bank One, NA, as Agent.* |
10.21 |
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Third Amendment to the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement among EXCO Resources, Inc., EXCO Operating, LP, North Coast Energy, Inc. and North Coast Energy Eastern, Inc., as Borrowers, and Bank One, NA, as Administrative Agent for itself and the Lenders defined therein, dated June 28, 2004 filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2004 filed August 13, 2004 and incorporated by reference herein. |
10.22 |
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Third Amendment to the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement between Addison Energy Inc. and Bank One, NA, Canada Branch, as Administrative Agent for itself and the lenders named therein, dated June 28, 2004 filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2004 filed August 13, 2004 and incorporated by reference herein. |
10.23 |
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EXCO Holdings Inc. 2004 Long-term Incentive Plan, dated June 3, 2004 filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2004 filed August 13, 2004 and incorporated by reference herein. *** |
10.24 |
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First Amendment to the EXCO Holdings Inc. 2004 Long-term Incentive Plan, filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 8-K dated November 18, 2004 and filed November 24, 2004 and incorporated by reference herein.*** |
10.25 |
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Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement of the EXCO Holdings Inc. 2004 Long-term Incentive Plan, dated June 3, 2004 filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2004 filed August 13, 2004 and incorporated by reference herein.*** |
10.26 |
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Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement of the EXCO Holdings Inc. 2004 Long-term Incentive Plan, dated June 3, 2004 filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2004 filed August 13, 2004 and incorporated by reference herein.*** |
10.27 |
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EXCO Resources, Inc. Amended and Restated Severance Plan effective as of August 17, 2004 filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 8-K dated November 18, 2004 and filed November 24, 2004 and incorporated by reference herein.*** |
10.28 |
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EXCO Holdings Inc. Employee Bonus Retention Plan, dated July 29, 2003 filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2004 filed August 13, 2004 and incorporated by reference herein.*** |
10.29 |
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Addison Energy Inc. Employee Bonus Retention Plan, dated July 29, 2003 filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2004 filed August 13, 2004 and incorporated by reference herein.*** |
10.30 |
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Unlimited Guaranty dated as of December 21, 2004 made by Pinestone Resources, LLC in favor of Bank One, NA, Canada Branch, as Agent, filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Annual Report on Form 10-K for 2004 filed March 31, 2005 and incorporated by reference herein. |
10.31 |
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Subsidiary Guaranty dated as of December 21, 2004 made by Pinestone Resources, LLC in favor of Bank One, NA, as Agent, filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Annual Report on Form 10-K for 2004 filed March 31, 2005 and incorporated by reference herein. |
10.32 |
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Share and Debt Purchase Agreement, dated effective January 12, 2005, among 1143928 Alberta Ltd., EXCO Resources, Inc. and Taurus Acquisition, Inc. filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 8-K dated January 17, 2005 and filed January 21, 2005 and incorporated by reference herein. |
10.33 |
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First Amending Agreement to the Share and Debt Purchase Agreement, dated effective February 8, 2005, among 1143928 Alberta Ltd., EXCO Resources, Inc. and Taurus Acquisition, Inc., filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 8-K/A Amendment No. 1 dated January 17, 2005 and filed February 16, 2005 and incorporated by reference herein. |
10.34 |
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Securities Account Control Agreement, dated as of February 10, 2005, among EXCO Resources, Inc., JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., Wilmington Trust Company and JPMorgan Securities Inc., filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 8-K/A Amendment No. 1 dated January 17, 2005 and filed February 16, 2005 and incorporated by reference herein. |
10.35 |
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Securities Account Control Agreement, dated as of February 10, 2005, among EXCO Resources, Inc., Wilmington Trust Company and J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 8-K/A Amendment No. 1 dated January 17, 2005 and filed February 16, 2005 and incorporated by reference herein. |
10.36 |
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Indenture among EXCO Resources, Inc., the Subsidiary Guarantors and Wilmington Trust Company, as Trustee, dated as of January 20, 2004, filed as exhibit (b)(2) to Amendment No. 4 to the Schedule TO filed by NCE Acquisition, Inc. and EXCO Resources, Inc. on January 21, 2004 and incorporated by reference herein. |
10.37 |
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First Supplemental Indenture by and among EXCO Resources, Inc., North Coast Energy, Inc., North Coast Energy Eastern, Inc. and Wilmington Trust Company, as Trustee, dated as of January 27, 2004.* |
10.38 |
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Second Supplemental Indenture by and among EXCO Resources, Inc., Pinestone Resources, LLC and Wilmington Trust Company, as Trustee, filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Annual Report on Form 10-K for 2004 filed March 31, 2005 and incorporated by reference herein. |
10.39 |
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Form of 7 1 / 4 % Global Note Due 2011.** |
10.40 |
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Registration Rights Agreement by and among EXCO Resources, Inc., Credit Suisse First Boston LLC, Banc One Capital Markets, Inc., Banc of America Securities LLC, BNP Paribas Securities Corp., Comerica Securities, Inc., Fleet Securities, Inc., Scotia Capital (USA) Inc. and TD Securities (USA) Inc., dated January 20, 2004.* |
10.41 |
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EXCO Holdings Inc. 2005 Long-term Incentive Plan, dated October 5, 2005 filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 8-K dated October 7, 2005 and incorporated by reference herein.*** |
10.42 |
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Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement of the EXCO Holdings Inc. 2005 Long-term Incentive Plan filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 8-K dated October 7, 2005 and incorporated by reference herein.*** |
10.42 |
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Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement of the EXCO Holdings Inc. 2005 Long-term Incentive Plan filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 8-K dated October 7, 2005 and incorporated by reference herein.*** |
10.43 |
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Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement of the EXCO Holdings Inc. 2005 Long-term Incentive Plan filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 8-K dated October 7, 2005 and incorporated by reference herein.*** |
10.44 |
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Fourth Amendment to the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement among EXCO Resources, Inc., EXCO Operating, LP, North Coast Energy, Inc. and North Coast Energy Eastern, Inc., as Borrowers, and Bank One, NA, as Administrative Agent for itself and the Lenders defined therein, dated September 30, 2005, as filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 8-K dated September 30, 2005 and incorporated by reference herein. |
10.45 |
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Letter Agreement, dated October 3, 2005, between EXCO Resources, Inc. and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as agent for certain lenders under the Credit Agreement by and among EXCO Holdings II, Inc. (EXCO Holdings Inc. as successor by merger) as Borrower and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as Administrative Agent for itself and the Lenders defined therein, dated October 3, 2005, as filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended September 30, 2005 filed November 14, 2005 and incorporated by reference herein. |
10.46 |
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Promissory Note in the maximum amount of $10,000,000, dated October 7, 2005, made by EXCO Holdings Inc., payable to EXCO Resources, Inc., as filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended September 30, 2005 filed November 14, 2005 and incorporated by reference herein. |
10.47 |
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First Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, by and among EXCO Holdings Inc. and the Initial Holders (as defined therein), effective January 5, 2006, filed herewith. |
14.1 |
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Code of Ethics for the Chief Executive Officer and Senior Financial Officers, filed herewith. |
14.2 |
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Code of Business Conduct and Ethics for Directors, Officers and Employees, filed herewith. |
21.1 |
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Subsidiaries of the registrant, filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form S-1 (File No. 333-129935) filed on November 23, 2005 and incorporated by reference herein. |
23.1 |
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Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, filed herewith. |
23.2 |
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Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, filed herewith. |
23.3 |
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Consent of KPMG LLP, filed herewith. |
23.4 |
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Consent of Hausser + Taylor LLC, filed herewith. |
23.5 |
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Consent of Haynes and Boone, LLP (included in its opinion filed as Exhibit 5.1). |
23.6 |
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Consent of Lee Keeling and Associates, Inc., filed herewith. |
23.7 |
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Consent of Ralph E. Davis Associates, Inc., filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form S-1 (File No. 333-129935) filed on November 23, 2005 and incorporated by reference herein. |
23.8 |
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Consent of Schlumberger Data and Consulting Services, filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form S-1 (File No. 333-129935) filed on November 23, 2005 and incorporated by reference herein. |
24.1 |
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Power of Attorney (included in the signature page of the Registration Statement filed on November 23, 2005). |
99.1 |
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Audit Committee Charter, filed as an Exhibit to EXCO's Form 8-K dated November 18, 2004 and filed November 24, 2004 and incorporated by reference herein. |
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Exhibit 1.1
EXCO RESOURCES, INC.
Shares of Common Stock
Underwriting Agreement
, 2006
J.P.
Morgan Securities Inc.
Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc.
Goldman, Sachs & Co.
As Representatives of the
several Underwriters listed
in Schedule 1 hereto
c/o J.P. Morgan Securities Inc.
277 Park Avenue
New York, New York 10172
Ladies and Gentlemen:
EXCO Resources, Inc., a Texas corporation (the "Company"), proposes to issue and sell to the several Underwriters listed in Schedule 1 hereto (the "Underwriters"), for whom you are acting as representatives (the "Representatives"), an aggregate of shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Company (the "Underwritten Shares") and, at the option of the Underwriters, up to an additional shares of common stock of the Company (the "Option Shares"). The Underwritten Shares and the Option Shares are herein referred to as the "Shares". The shares of common stock of the Company to be outstanding after giving effect to the sale of the Shares are herein referred to as the "Stock".
Immediately prior to the closing of the sale of the Underwritten Shares, EXCO Holdings, Inc. ("Holdings") will merge with and into the Company with the Company as the surviving corporation (the "Merger"), pursuant to and on the terms and conditions contained in the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of , 200 , between Holdings and the Company (the "Merger Agreement"). Immediately following such closing, TXOK Acquisition, Inc. ("TXOK") will redeem (the "Redemption") all of the issued and outstanding shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock issued by it, upon which TXOK will become a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. The Merger, the Redemption, the sale of the Underwritten Shares, and the application of the proceeds therefrom are referred to as the "Transactions."
The Company hereby confirms its agreement with the several Underwriters concerning the purchase and sale of the Shares, as follows:
1. Registration Statement . The Company has prepared and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (collectively, the "Securities Act"), a registration statement (File No. ) including a prospectus, relating to the Shares. Such registration statement, as amended at the time it becomes effective, including the information, if any, deemed pursuant to Rule 430A or 430C under the Securities Act to be part of the registration statement at the time of its effectiveness ("Rule 430 Information"), is referred to herein as the "Registration Statement"; and as used herein, the term "Preliminary Prospectus" means each prospectus included in such registration statement (and any amendments thereto) before it becomes effective, any prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(a) under the Securities Act and the prospectus included in the Registration Statement at the time of its effectiveness that omits Rule 430 Information, and the term "Prospectus" means the prospectus in the form first used (or made available upon the request of purchasers pursuant to Rule 173 under the Securities Act) in connection with confirmation of sales of the Shares. If the Company has filed an abbreviated registration statement pursuant to Rule 462(b)
under the Securities Act (the "Rule 462 Registration Statement"), then any reference herein to the term "Registration Statement" shall be deemed to include such Rule 462 Registration Statement. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings given to such terms in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus.
At [A.M.] [P.M.] (Eastern time) on the date of this Agreement (the "Time of Sale"), the Company had prepared the following information (collectively with the information referred to in the next succeeding sentence, the "Time of Sale Information"): a Preliminary Prospectus dated , 2006, and each "free-writing prospectus" (as defined pursuant to Rule 405 under the Securities Act) listed on Annex B hereto. [In addition, you have informed us that the Underwriters have or will orally provide the pricing information set out on Annex B to prospective purchasers prior to confirming sales.] If, subsequent to the date of this Agreement, the Company and the Underwriters have determined that such Time of Sale Information included an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted a statement of material fact necessary to make the information therein, in the light of the circumstances under which it was made, not misleading and have agreed to provide an opportunity to purchasers of the Shares to terminate their old purchase contracts and enter into new purchase contracts, then "Time of Sale Information" will refer to the information available to purchasers at the time of entry into the first such new purchase contract.
2. Purchase of the Shares by the Underwriters . (a) The Company agrees to issue and sell the Shares to the several Underwriters as provided in this Agreement, and each Underwriter, on the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements set forth herein and subject to the conditions set forth herein, agrees, severally and not jointly, to purchase from the Company the respective number of Underwritten Shares set forth opposite such Underwriter's name in Schedule 1 hereto at a price per share (the "Purchase Price") of $ . The public offering price of the Shares is not in excess of the price recommended by A.G. Edwards & Sons, Inc., acting as a "qualified independent underwriter" within the meaning of Rule 2720 of the Rules of Conduct of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.
In addition, the Company agrees to issue and sell the Option Shares to the several Underwriters as provided in this Agreement, and the Underwriters, on the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements set forth herein and subject to the conditions set forth herein, shall have the option to purchase, severally and not jointly, from the Company the Option Shares at the Purchase Price.
If any Option Shares are to be purchased, the number of Option Shares to be purchased by each Underwriter shall be the number of Option Shares which bears the same ratio to the aggregate number of Option Shares being purchased as the number of Underwritten Shares set forth opposite the name of such Underwriter in Schedule 1 hereto (or such number increased as set forth in Section 10 hereof) bears to the aggregate number of Underwritten Shares being purchased from the Company by the several Underwriters, subject, however, to such adjustments to eliminate any fractional Shares as the Representatives in their sole discretion shall make.
The Underwriters may exercise the option to purchase the Option Shares at any time in whole, or from time to time in part, on or before the thirtieth day following the date of this Agreement, by written notice from the Representatives to the Company. Such notice shall set forth the aggregate number of Option Shares as to which the option is being exercised and the date and time when the Option Shares are to be delivered and paid for which may be the same date and time as the Closing Date (as hereinafter defined) but shall not be earlier than the Closing Date nor later than the tenth full business day (as hereinafter defined) after the date of such notice (unless such time and date are postponed in accordance with the provisions of Section 10 hereof). Any such notice shall be given at least two Business Days prior to the date and time of delivery specified therein.
(b) The Company understands that the Underwriters intend to make a public offering of the Shares as soon after the effectiveness of this Agreement as in the judgment of the Representatives is
2
advisable, and initially to offer the Shares on the terms set forth in the Prospectus. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Underwriters may offer and sell Shares to or through any affiliate of an Underwriter and that any such affiliate may offer and sell Shares purchased by it to or through any Underwriter.
(c) It is understood that approximately [ ] Shares (the "Directed Shares") will initially be reserved by the several Underwriters for offer and sale upon the terms and conditions set forth in the Prospectus and in accordance with the rules and regulations of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (the "NASD") to directors, officers and employees of the Company who have heretofore delivered to Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. ("Bear Stearns") offers or indications of interest to purchase Shares in form satisfactory to Bear Stearns (such program, the "Directed Share Program") and that any allocation of such Shares among such persons will be made in accordance with timely directions received by Bear Stearns from the Company; provided that, except as expressly provided under Section 7(b) of this Agreement, under no circumstances will Bear Stearns or any Underwriter be liable to the Company or to any such person for any action taken or omitted in good faith in connection with such Directed Share Program. It is further understood that any Shares which are not orally confirmed for purchase by such persons by 8 A.M. on the first trading day after the date of this Agreement will be offered by the Underwriters to the public upon the terms and conditions set forth in the Prospectus.
(d) Payment for the Shares shall be made by wire transfer in immediately available funds to the account specified by the Company to the Representatives, in the case of the Underwritten Shares, at the offices of Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP at 10:00 A.M. New York City time on , 2006, or at such other time or place on the same or such other date, not later than the fifth business day thereafter, as the Representatives and the Company may agree upon in writing or, in the case of the Option Shares, on the date and at the time and place specified by the Representatives in the written notice of the Underwriters' election to purchase such Option Shares. The time and date of such payment for the Underwritten Shares is referred to herein as the "Closing Date" and the time and date for such payment for the Option Shares, if other than the Closing Date, are herein referred to as the "Additional Closing Date".
Payment for the Shares to be purchased on the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, shall be made against delivery to the Representatives for the respective accounts of the several Underwriters of the Shares to be purchased on such date in definitive form registered in such names and in such denominations as the Representatives shall request in writing not later than two full business days prior to the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, with any transfer taxes payable in connection with the sale of the Shares duly paid by the Company. The certificates for the Shares will be made available for inspection and packaging by the Representatives at the office of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. set forth above not later than 1:00 P.M., New York City time, on the business day prior to the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be.
(e) The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Underwriters are acting solely in the capacity of an arm's length contractual counterparty to the Company with respect to the offering of Shares contemplated hereby (including in connection with determining the terms of the offering) and not as a financial advisor or a fiduciary to, or an agent of, the Company or any other person. Additionally, neither the Representatives nor any other Underwriter is advising the Company or any other person as to any legal, tax, investment, accounting or regulatory matters in any jurisdiction. The Company shall consult with its own advisors concerning such matters and shall be responsible for making its own independent investigation and appraisal of the transactions contemplated hereby, and the Underwriters shall have no responsibility or liability to the Company with respect thereto. Any review by the Underwriters of the Company, the transactions contemplated hereby or other matters relating to such transactions will be performed solely for the benefit of the Underwriters and shall not be on behalf of the Company.
3
3. Representations and Warranties of the Company . The Company represents and warrants to each Underwriter that:
(a) Preliminary Prospectus. No order preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus has been issued by the Commission, and each Preliminary Prospectus, at the time of filing thereof, complied in all material respects with the Securities Act and did not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that the Company makes no representation and warranty with respect to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to any Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use in any Preliminary Prospectus.
(b) Time of Sale Information . The Time of Sale Information, at the Time of Sale did not, and at the Closing Date and at the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that the Company makes no representation and warranty with respect to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to any Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use in such Time of Sale Information. No statement of material fact included in the Prospectus has been omitted from the Time of Sale Information and no statement of material fact included in the Time of Sale Information that is required to be included in the Prospectus has been omitted therefrom.
(c) Issuer Free Writing Prospectus . Other than the Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus, the Company (including its agents and representatives, other than the Underwriters in their capacity as such) has not made, used, prepared, authorized, approved or referred to and will not make, use, prepare, authorize, approve or refer to any "written communication" (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) that constitutes an offer to sell or solicitation of an offer to buy the Shares (each such communication by the Company or its agents and representatives (other than a communication referred to in clause (i) below) an "Issuer Free Writing Prospectus") other than (i) any document not constituting a prospectus pursuant to Section 2(a)(10)(a) of the Securities Act or Rule 134 under the Securities Act or (ii) the documents listed on Annex B hereto and other written communications approved in writing in advance by the Representatives. Each such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus complied in all material respects with the Securities Act, has been filed in accordance with the Securities Act (to the extent required thereby) and, when taken together with the Preliminary Prospectus accompanying, or delivered prior to delivery of, such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, did not, and at the Closing Date and at the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that the Company makes no representation and warranty with respect to any statements or omissions made in each such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to any Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use in any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus.
(d) Registration Statement and Prospectus. The Registration Statement has been declared effective by the Commission. No order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement has been issued by the Commission and no proceeding for that purpose or pursuant to Section 8A of the Securities Act against the Company or related to the offering has been initiated or threatened by the Commission; as of the applicable effective date of the Registration Statement and any amendment thereto, the Registration Statement complied and will comply in all material
4
respects with the Securities Act, and did not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading; and as of the date of the Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto and as of the Closing Date and as of the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, the Prospectus will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that the Company makes no representation and warranty with respect to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to any Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto.
(e) Financial Statements. The financial statements and the related notes thereto of EXCO Holdings II, Inc., Holdings, ONEOK Energy Resources Company, TXOK, North Coast Energy, Inc. and their respective consolidated subsidiaries included in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (collectively, the "Exchange Act"), as applicable, and present fairly the financial position of EXCO Holdings II, Inc., Holdings, ONEOK Energy Resources Company, TXOK, North Coast Energy, Inc. and their respective subsidiaries as of the dates indicated and the results of their operations and the changes in their cash flows for the periods specified; such financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods covered thereby, and the supporting schedules included in the Registration Statement present fairly the information required to be stated therein; the other financial information included in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus have been derived from the accounting records of EXCO Holdings II, Inc., Holdings, ONEOK Energy Resources Company, TXOK, North Coast Energy, Inc., the Company and their respective subsidiaries and presents fairly the information shown thereby; and the pro forma financial information and the related notes thereto included in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus have been prepared in accordance with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable, and the assumptions underlying such pro forma financial information are reasonable and are set forth in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus.
(f) No Material Adverse Change. Since the date of the most recent financial statements of Holdings included in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus, (i) there has not been any change in the capital stock or long-term debt of Holdings, TXOK or any of their respective subsidiaries, or any dividend or distribution of any kind declared, set aside for payment, paid or made by the Company, Holdings or TXOK on any class of capital stock, or any material adverse change, or any development involving a prospective material adverse change, in or affecting the business, properties, management, financial position, stockholders' equity, results of operations or prospects of Holdings, TXOK and their respective subsidiaries taken as a whole; (ii) neither Holdings, TXOK nor any of their respective subsidiaries has entered into any transaction or agreement that is material to Holdings, TXOK and their respective subsidiaries taken as a whole or incurred any liability or obligation, direct or contingent, that is material to Holdings, TXOK and their respective subsidiaries taken as a whole; and (iii) neither Holdings, TXOK nor any of their respective subsidiaries has sustained any material loss or interference with its business from fire, explosion, flood or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor disturbance or dispute or any action, order or decree of any court or arbitrator or
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governmental or regulatory authority, except in each case as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus.
(g) Organization and Good Standing. The Company has been duly incorporated and is an existing corporation in good standing under the laws of Texas, and Holdings has been duly incorporated and is an existing corporation in good standing under the laws of Delaware; each of the Company and Holdings has power and authority (corporate and other) to own its properties and conduct its business as described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus; and each of the Company and Holdings is duly qualified to do business as a foreign corporation in good standing in all other jurisdictions in which its ownership or lease of property or the conduct of its business requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the business, condition (financial or otherwise), properties or results of operations, after giving effect to the Transactions, of the Company and the Company's subsidiaries taken as a whole (a "Material Adverse Effect"). The Company does not own or control, directly or indirectly, any corporation, association or other entity other than the subsidiaries listed in Exhibit 21.1 to the Registration Statement; Holdings does not own or control, directly or indirectly, any corporation, association or other entity other than the Company. Each subsidiary of the Company, TXOK and each subsidiary of TXOK has been duly incorporated or formed and is an existing corporation, limited liability company or partnership, as the case may be, in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or formation, with corporate, limited liability company or partnership power and authority, as the case may be, to own its properties and conduct its business as described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus; and each subsidiary of the Company, TXOK and each subsidiary of TXOK is duly qualified to do business as a foreign corporation or entity in good standing in all other jurisdictions in which its ownership or lease of property or the conduct of its business requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect; and all of the issued and outstanding capital stock or equity interest of each subsidiary of the Company, TXOK and each subsidiary of TXOK has been duly authorized and validly issued and is fully paid and nonassessable.
(h) Capitalization. Holdings has an authorized capitalization as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus under the heading "Capitalization"; all the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company and Holdings have been duly and validly authorized and issued and are fully paid and non-assessable and are not subject to any pre-emptive or similar rights; except as described in or expressly contemplated by the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus, there are no outstanding rights (including, without limitation, pre-emptive rights), warrants or options to acquire, or instruments convertible into or exchangeable for, any shares of capital stock or other equity interest in the Company, Holdings or any of their respective subsidiaries, or any contract, commitment, agreement, understanding or arrangement of any kind relating to the issuance of any capital stock of the Company, Holdings or any such subsidiary, any such convertible or exchangeable securities or any such rights, warrants or options; the capital stock of Holdings conforms, and the capital stock of the Company on the Closing Date and the Additional Closing Date will conform, in all material respects to the description thereof contained in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus; and all the outstanding shares of capital stock or other equity interests of TXOK and of each subsidiary of Holdings and TXOK are owned directly or indirectly by Holdings or TXOK, free and clear of any lien, charge, encumbrance, security interest, restriction on voting or transfer or any other claim of any third party, except for such liens, charges, encumbrances, security interests, restrictions or claims (i) under the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement among EXCO Resources, Inc., EXCO Operating, LP, North Coast Energy, Inc. and North Coast Energy Eastern, Inc., as Borrowers, and Bank One, NA, as
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Administrative Agent for itself and the Lenders defined therein, dated January 27, 2004, as amended, (ii) under the indenture, dated as of January 20, 2004, among the Company, certain guarantors and Wilmington Trust Company, as Trustee, (iii) under the Credit Agreement among EXCO Holdings Inc., as Borrower, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the Lenders defined therein, dated as of October 3, 2005; (iv) under the Credit Agreement for the Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility among TXOK Acquisition, Inc., as Borrower, certain of its subsidiaries as Guarantors, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the Lenders defined therein, dated September 27, 2005; or (v) under the Credit Agreement for the Senior Secured Term Credit Facility among TXOK Acquisition, Inc., as Borrower, certain of its subsidiaries as Guarantors, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the Lenders defined therein, dated September 27, 2005, and except (with respect to the date hereof) for the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock of TXOK.
(i) Due Authorization. The Company has full right, power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and to perform its obligations hereunder; each of the Company and Holdings has full right, power and authority to execute and deliver the Merger Agreement (together with this Agreement, the "Transaction Documents") and to perform its obligations thereunder; and all action required to be taken for the due and proper authorization, execution and delivery of each of the Transaction Documents and the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby (including the Redemption) has been duly and validly taken.
(j) Underwriting Agreement. This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company.
(k) The Shares. The Shares to be issued and sold by the Company hereunder have been duly authorized by the Company and, when issued and delivered and paid for as provided herein, will be duly and validly issued and will be fully paid and nonassessable and will conform to the descriptions thereof in the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus; and the issuance of the Shares is not subject to any preemptive or similar rights.
(l) Other Transaction Documents. The Merger Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by each of the Company and Holdings. The Merger Agreement is a valid and legally binding agreement enforceable against the Company and Holdings in accordance with its terms, except as enforcement thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws affecting enforcement of creditors' rights generally or by equitable principles relating to enforceability.
(m) Descriptions of the Transaction Documents. Each Transaction Document conforms in all material respects to the description thereof contained in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus.
(n) No Violation or Default. None of Holdings, TXOK, or any of their respective subsidiaries is (i) in violation of its charter or by-laws or similar organizational documents; (ii) in default, and no event has occurred that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute such a default, in the due performance or observance of any term, covenant or condition contained in any indenture, loan agreement, mortgage, lease or other agreement or instrument to which Holdings, TXOK or any of their subsidiaries is a party or by which Holdings, TXOK or any of their subsidiaries is bound or to which any of the property or assets of Holdings, TXOK or any of their respective subsidiaries is subject; or (iii) in violation of any law or statute or any judgment, order, rule or regulation of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority, except, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) above, for any such default or violation that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
(o) No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company (and, in the case of the Merger Agreement, by Holdings) of each of the Transaction Documents, the issuance and
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sale of the Shares and compliance by the Company (and, in the case of the Merger Agreement, by Holdings) with the terms of, and the consummation of the transactions (including the Redemption) contemplated by, the Transaction Documents will not (i) conflict with or result in a breach or violation of any of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of Holdings, TXOK or any of their respective subsidiaries pursuant to, any indenture, loan agreement, mortgage, lease or other agreement or instrument to which Holdings, TXOK or any of their respective subsidiaries is a party or by which Holdings, TXOK or any of their subsidiaries is bound or to which any of the property or assets of Holdings, TXOK or any of their subsidiaries is subject, (ii) result in any violation of the provisions of the charter or by-laws or similar organizational documents of Holdings, TXOK or any of their subsidiaries or (iii) result in the violation of any law or statute or any judgment, order, rule or regulation of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority except, in the case of clauses (i) and (iii) above, for such conflicts, breaches or violations that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
(p) No Consents Required. No consent, approval, authorization, order, registration or qualification of or with any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority is required for the execution, delivery and performance by the Company (and, in the case of the Merger Agreement, by Holdings) of each of the Transaction Documents, the issuance and sale of the Shares and compliance by the Company (and, in the case of the Merger Agreement, by Holdings) with the terms of, and the consummation of the transactions (including the Redemption) contemplated by, the Transaction Documents, except for the registration of the Shares under the Securities Act, such consents, approvals, authorizations, orders and registrations or qualifications as may be required under applicable state securities laws in connection with the purchase and distribution of the Shares by the Underwriters, and any consent, approval, authorization, order, registration, qualification or other action that either has been, or prior to the Closing Date will be, obtained or made or which, if not made, would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
(q) Legal Proceedings. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus, there are no pending actions, suits or proceedings against or affecting Holdings, TXOK or any of their respective subsidiaries or properties that, if determined adversely to Holdings, TXOK or any or their respective subsidiaries, would, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect, or would materially and adversely affect the ability of the Company or Holdings to perform their obligations under the Transaction Documents or the ability of TXOK to consummate the Redemption; and, to the knowledge of the Company, no such actions, suits or proceedings are threatened or contemplated; and (i) there are no current or pending legal, governmental or regulatory actions, suits or proceedings that are required under the Securities Act to be described in the Registration Statement that are not so described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus and (ii) there are no statutes, regulations or contracts or other documents that are required under the Securities Act to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement or described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus that are not so filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement or described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus.
(r) Independent Accountants. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, who has certified certain financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries, of Holdings and its subsidiaries, and of EXCO Holdings II, Inc., is an independent registered public accounting firm with respect to the Company and its subsidiaries, Holdings and its subsidiaries, and EXCO Holdings II, Inc., within the applicable rules and regulations adopted by the Commission and the Public Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB") and as required by the Securities Act. KPMG LLP, who has
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certified certain financial statements of ONEOK Energy Resources Company and its subsidiaries, is an independent registered public accounting firm with respect to ONEOK Energy Resources Company and its subsidiaries, within the applicable rules and regulations adopted by the Commission and the PCAOB and as required by the Securities Act. Ernst & Young LLP, who has certified certain financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries, was an independent registered public accounting firm with respect to the Company and its subsidiaries, within the applicable rules and regulations adopted by the Commission and the PCAOB and as required by the Securities Act for the year ended December 31, 2002. Hausser + Taylor LLC, who has certified certain financial statements of North Coast Energy, Inc. and its subsidiaries, was an independent registered public accounting firm with respect to North Coast Energy, Inc. and its subsidiaries, within the applicable rules and regulations adopted by the Commission and the PCAOB and as required by the Securities Act for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2003.
(s) Title to Real and Personal Property. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus, Holdings, TXOK and their respective subsidiaries have good and marketable title to all real properties and all other properties and assets owned by them, in each case free from liens, encumbrances and defects that would materially affect the value thereof or materially interfere with the use made or to be made thereof by them; and except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus, Holdings, TXOK and their respective subsidiaries hold any leased real or personal property under valid and enforceable leases with no exceptions that would materially interfere with the use made or to be made thereof by them.
(t) Title to Intellectual Property. Each of Holdings, TXOK and their respective subsidiaries own, possess or can acquire on reasonable terms, adequate trademarks, trade names and other rights to inventions, know-how, patents, copyrights, confidential information and other intellectual property (collectively, "intellectual property rights") necessary to conduct the business now operated by them, or presently employed by them, other than intellectual property rights the failure of which to possess would not have a Material Adverse Effect, and have not received any notice of infringement of or conflict with asserted rights of others with respect to any intellectual property rights that, if determined adversely to Holdings, TXOK or any of their respective subsidiaries, would, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
(u) No Undisclosed Relationships. No relationship, direct or indirect, exists between or among Holdings, TXOK or any of their subsidiaries, on the one hand, and the directors, officers, stockholders, customers or suppliers of Holdings, TXOK or any of their subsidiaries, on the other, that is required by the Securities Act to be described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus and that is not so described in such documents and in the Time of Sale Information.
(v) Investment Company Act. The Company is not and, after giving effect to the Merger, the offering and sale of the Shares and the application of the proceeds thereof as described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus (including towards the Redemption), will not be required to register as an "investment company" or an entity "controlled" by an "investment company" within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (collectively, "Investment Company Act").
(w) Public Utility Holding Company Act. None of Holdings, TXOK or any of their subsidiaries is a "holding company" or a "subsidiary company" of a holding company or an "affiliate" thereof within the meaning of the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935, as amended.
(x) Taxes. Holdings, TXOK and their subsidiaries have paid all federal, state, local and foreign taxes and filed all tax returns required to be paid or filed through the date hereof; and
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except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus, there is no tax deficiency that has been, or could reasonably be expected to be, asserted against Holdings, TXOK or any of their subsidiaries or any of their respective properties or assets.
(y) Licenses and Permits. Each of Holdings, TXOK and their respective subsidiaries possess adequate certificates, authorities or permits issued by appropriate governmental agencies or bodies necessary to conduct the business now operated by them and have not received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such certificate, authority or permit that, if determined adversely to Holdings, TXOK or any of their respective subsidiaries, would, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
(z) No Labor Disputes. No labor disturbance by or dispute with employees of Holdings, TXOK or any of their respective subsidiaries exists or, to the best knowledge of the Company, is imminent that is reasonably likely to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, and the Company is not aware of any existing or imminent labor disturbance by, or dispute with, the employees of any of Holdings', TXOK's or their subsidiaries' principal suppliers, contractors or customers, except as would not have a Material Adverse Effect.
(aa) Compliance With Environmental Laws. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, none of Holdings, TXOK nor any of their respective subsidiaries is in violation of any statute, rule, regulation, requirement, decision or order of any governmental agency or body or any court, domestic or foreign, relating to the use, disposal or release of hazardous or toxic substances or relating to the protection or restoration of the environment or human exposure to hazardous or toxic substances (collectively, "environmental laws"), owns or operates any real property contaminated with any substance that is subject to any environmental laws, is liable for any off-site disposal or contamination pursuant to any environmental laws, or is subject to any claim relating to any environmental laws, which violation, contamination, liability or claim would, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect; the Company is not aware of any pending investigation which might lead to such a claim; and there are no costs or liabilities associated with environmental laws of or relating to Holdings, TXOK or any of their respective subsidiaries except those that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
(bb) Compliance With ERISA. Each employee benefit plan, within the meaning of Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"), that is maintained, administered or contributed to by Holdings, TXOK or any of their affiliates for employees or former employees of Holdings, TXOK or their affiliates has been maintained in compliance with its terms and the requirements of any applicable statutes, orders, rules and regulations, including but not limited to ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"); no prohibited transaction, within the meaning of Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, has occurred with respect to any such plan excluding transactions effected pursuant to a statutory or administrative exemption; and for each such plan that is subject to the funding rules of Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA, no "accumulated funding deficiency" as defined in Section 412 of the Code has been incurred, whether or not waived, and the fair market value of the assets of each such plan (excluding for these purposes accrued but unpaid contributions) exceeds the present value of all benefits accrued under such plan determined using reasonable actuarial assumptions.
(cc) Disclosure Controls . Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus, Holdings, TXOK and their subsidiaries maintain an effective system of "disclosure controls and procedures" (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act) that is designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports
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that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Commission's rules and forms, including controls and procedures designed to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company's management as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Holdings, TXOK and their subsidiaries have carried out evaluations of the effectiveness of their disclosure controls and procedures as required by Rule 13a-15 of the Exchange Act.
(dd) Accounting Controls. Holdings, TXOK and their subsidiaries maintain systems of "internal control over financial reporting" (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that comply with the requirements of the Exchange Act and have been designed by, or under the supervision of, their respective principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, including, but not limited to internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management's general or specific authorizations; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and to maintain asset accountability; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management's general or specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus, there are no material weaknesses in the internal control of Holdings, TXOK or any of their respective subsidiaries.
(ee) Insurance. Holdings, TXOK and their subsidiaries have insurance covering their respective properties, operations, personnel and businesses, including business interruption insurance, which insurance is in amounts and insures against such losses and risks as are adequate to protect Holdings, TXOK and their subsidiaries and their respective businesses; and none of Holdings, TXOK or any of their subsidiaries has (i) received notice from any insurer or agent of such insurer that capital improvements or other expenditures are required or necessary to be made in order to continue such insurance or (ii) any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage at reasonable cost from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business.
(ff) No Unlawful Payments. None of Holdings, TXOK nor any of their subsidiaries or, to the best knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent, employee or other person associated with or acting on behalf of Holdings, TXOK or any of their respective subsidiaries has (i) used any corporate funds for any unlawful contribution, gift, entertainment or other unlawful expense relating to political activity; (ii) made any direct or indirect unlawful payment to any foreign or domestic government official or employee from corporate funds; (iii) violated or is in violation of any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977; or (iv) made any bribe, rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful payment.
(gg) Compliance with Money Laundering Laws . The operations of Holdings, TXOK and their subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, the money laundering statutes of all jurisdictions, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any governmental agency (collectively, the "Money Laundering Laws") and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving Holdings, TXOK or any of their respective subsidiaries with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the best knowledge of the Company, threatened.
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(hh) Compliance with OFAC . None of Holdings, TXOK or any of their respective subsidiaries, any of its subsidiaries or, to the knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent, employee or Affiliate of Holdings, TXOK or any of their respective subsidiaries is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of the Treasury ("OFAC"); and the Company will not directly or indirectly use the proceeds of the offering of the Shares hereunder, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any subsidiary, joint venture partner or other person or entity, for the purpose of financing the activities of any person currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by OFAC.
(ii) No Restrictions on Subsidiaries . None of TXOK or any subsidiary of the Company or TXOK is currently prohibited, directly or indirectly, under any agreement or other instrument to which it is a party or is subject, from paying any dividends to Holdings (in the case of TXOK), the Company (in the case of a subsidiary of the Company) or TXOK (in the case of a subsidiary of TXOK) (such company, the "parent"), from making any other distribution on its capital stock, from repaying to the Company, Holdings or its parent any loans or advances to it from the Company, Holdings or its parent or from transferring any of its properties or assets to Holdings, TXOK or any other subsidiary of Holdings or TXOK.
(jj) No Broker's Fees. None of Holdings, TXOK or any of their respective subsidiaries is a party to any contract, agreement or understanding with any person (other than this Agreement) that would give rise to a valid claim against Holdings, TXOK or any of their subsidiaries or any Underwriter for a brokerage commission, finder's fee or like payment in connection with the offering and sale of the Shares.
(kk) No Registration Rights . Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus, no person has the right to require Holdings, TXOK or any of their subsidiaries to register any securities for sale under the Securities Act by reason of the filing of the Registration Statement with the Commission or the issuance and sale of the Shares.
(ll) No Stabilization. The Company and Holdings have not taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that could reasonably be expected to cause or result in any stabilization or manipulation of the price of the Shares.
(mm) Business With Cuba. The Company and Holdings have complied with all provisions of Section 517.075, Florida Statutes (Chapter 92-198, Laws of Florida) relating to doing business with the Government of Cuba or with any person or affiliate located in Cuba.
(nn) Margin Rules . Neither the issuance, sale and delivery of the Shares nor the application of the proceeds thereof by the Company as described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus will violate Regulation T, U or X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or any other regulation of such Board of Governors.
(oo) Forward-Looking Statements. No forward-looking statement (within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act) contained in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus has been made or reaffirmed without a reasonable basis or has been disclosed other than in good faith.
(pp) Statistical and Market Data. Nothing has come to the attention of the Company that has caused the Company to believe that the statistical and market-related data included in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus is not based on or derived from sources that are reliable and accurate in all material respects.
(qq) Sarbanes-Oxley Act . There is and has been no failure on the part of the Company or any of the Company's directors or officers, in their capacities as such, to comply with any provision of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules and regulations promulgated in connection therewith
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(the "Sarbanes-Oxley Act"), including Section 402 related to loans and Sections 302 and 906 related to certifications.
(rr) Status under the Securities Act . The Company is not an ineligible issuer as defined under the Securities Act, in each case at the times specified in the Securities Act in connection with the offering of the Shares.
(ss) Reserve Data. (i) The oil and gas reserve estimates of the Company and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 and September 30, 2005 and of ONEOK Energy Resources Company and its subsidiaries (including ONEOK Energy Resources Holdings, L.L.C.) as of September 30, 2005 contained in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus are derived from reports that have been prepared by, or have been audited by, Lee Keeling and Associates, Inc. as set forth therein; (ii) the pro forma oil and gas reserve estimates of the Company and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2004 and September 30, 2005 are derived from the estimates described in clause (i); and (iii) the estimates described in clauses (i) and (ii) fairly reflect the oil and gas reserves of the Company and its subsidiaries and of ONEOK Energy Resources Company and its subsidiaries, as applicable, at the dates indicated therein and are in accordance, in all material respects, with Commission guidelines applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved.
(tt) Independent Petroleum Engineers . Lee Keeling and Associates, Inc. have represented to the Company that they are, and the Company believes them to be, independent petroleum engineers with respect to the Company and its subsidiaries and for the periods set forth in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus.
(uu) Directed Share Program. The Company has not distributed and, prior to the later to occur of the Closing Date, the Additional Closing Date and completion of the distribution of the Shares, will not distribute any offering material in connection with the offering and sale of the Shares other than the Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus and, in connection with the Directed Share Program, the enrollment materials prepared by Bear Stearns.
4. Further Agreements of the Company . The Company covenants and agrees with each Underwriter that:
(a) Required Filings. The Company will file the final Prospectus with the Commission within the time periods specified by Rule 424(b) and Rule 430A or 430C under the Securities Act, and will file any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus to the extent required by Rule 433 under the Securities Act; and the Company will furnish copies of the Prospectus and each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus (to the extent not previously delivered) to the Underwriters in New York City prior to 10:00 A.M., New York City time, on the business day next succeeding the date of this Agreement in such quantities as the Representatives may reasonably request.
(b) Delivery of Copies. The Company will deliver, without charge, (i) to the Representatives, seven signed copies of the Registration Statement as originally filed and each amendment thereto, in each case including all exhibits and consents filed therewith and documents incorporated by reference therein; and (ii) to each Underwriter (A) a conformed copy of the Registration Statement as originally filed and each amendment thereto (without exhibits) and (B) during the Prospectus Delivery Period (as defined below), as many copies of the Prospectus (including all amendments and supplements thereto) and each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus as the Representatives may reasonably request. As used herein, the term "Prospectus Delivery Period" means such period of time after the first date of the public offering of the Shares as in the opinion of counsel for the Underwriters a prospectus relating to the Shares is required by law to be delivered (or required to be delivered but for Rule 172 under the Securities Act) in connection with sales of the Shares by any Underwriter or dealer.
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(c) Amendments or Supplements; Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses. Before preparing, using, authorizing, approving, referring to or filing any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, and before filing any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, the Company will furnish to the Representatives and counsel for the Underwriters a copy of the proposed Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, amendment or supplement for review and will not prepare, use, authorize, approve, refer to or file any such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or file any such proposed amendment or supplement to which the Representatives reasonably object.
(d) Notice to the Representatives. The Company will advise the Representatives promptly, and confirm such advice in writing, (i) when the Registration Statement has become effective; (ii) when any amendment to the Registration Statement has been filed or becomes effective; (iii) when any supplement to the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or any amendment to the Prospectus has been filed; (iv) of any request by the Commission for any amendment to the Registration Statement or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus or the receipt of any comments from the Commission relating to the Registration Statement or any other request by the Commission for any additional information; (v) of the issuance by the Commission of any order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for that purpose or pursuant to Section 8A of the Securities Act; (vi) of the occurrence of any event within the Prospectus Delivery Period as a result of which the Prospectus, the Time of Sale Information or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances existing when the Prospectus, the Time of Sale Information or any such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus is delivered to a purchaser, not misleading; and (vii) of the receipt by the Company of any notice with respect to any suspension of the qualification of the Shares for offer and sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose; and the Company will use its best efforts to prevent the issuance of any such order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus or suspending any such qualification of the Shares and, if any such order is issued, will obtain as soon as possible the withdrawal thereof.
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(e) Ongoing Compliance. If during the Prospectus Delivery Period (i) any event shall occur or condition shall exist as a result of which the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances existing when the Prospectus is delivered to a purchaser, not misleading or (ii) it is necessary to amend or supplement the Prospectus to comply with law, the Company will immediately notify the Underwriters thereof and forthwith prepare and, subject to paragraph (c) above, file with the Commission and furnish to the Underwriters and to such dealers as the Representatives may designate, such amendments or supplements to the Prospectus as may be necessary so that the statements in the Prospectus as so amended or supplemented will not, in the light of the circumstances existing when the Prospectus is delivered to a purchaser, be misleading or so that the Prospectus will comply with law, and (2) if at any time prior to the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, if any, (i) any event shall occur or condition shall exist as a result of which the Time of Sale Information as then amended or supplemented would include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances, not misleading or (ii) it is necessary to amend or supplement the Time of Sale Information to comply with law, the Company will immediately notify the Underwriters thereof and forthwith prepare and, subject to paragraph (c) above, file with the Commission (to the extent required) and furnish to the Underwriters and to such dealers as the Representative may designate, such amendments or supplements to the Time of Sale Information as may be necessary so that the statements in the Time of Sale Information as so amended or supplemented will not, in the light of the circumstances, be misleading or so that the Time of Sale Information will comply with law.
(f) Blue Sky Compliance. The Company will qualify the Shares for offer and sale under the securities or Blue Sky laws of such jurisdictions as the Representatives shall reasonably request and will continue such qualifications in effect so long as required for distribution of the Shares; provided that the Company shall not be required to (i) qualify as a foreign corporation or other entity or as a dealer in securities in any such jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be required to so qualify, (ii) file any general consent to service of process in any such jurisdiction or (iii) subject itself to taxation in any such jurisdiction if it is not otherwise so subject.
(g) Earning Statement. The Company will make generally available to its security holders and the Representatives as soon as practicable an earning statement that satisfies the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Securities Act and Rule 158 of the Commission promulgated thereunder covering a period of at least twelve months beginning with the first fiscal quarter of the Company occurring after the "effective date" (as defined in Rule 158) of the Registration Statement.
(h) Clear Market. For a period of 180 days after the date of the initial public offering of the Shares, neither the Company nor Holdings will (i) offer, pledge, announce the intention to sell, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of Stock, any shares of common stock of Holdings ("Holdings Stock") or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Stock or Holdings Stock or (ii) enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Stock or Holdings Stock, whether any such transaction described in clause (i) or (ii) above is to be settled by delivery of Stock, Holdings Stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise, without the prior written consent of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., other than the Shares to be sold hereunder and any shares of Stock of the Company issued upon the exercise of options granted under existing employee stock option plans. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if (1) during the last 17 days of the 180-day restricted period, the Company issues an earnings release or material news or a material event relating to the Company
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occurs; or (2) prior to the expiration of the 180-day restricted period, the Company announces that it will release earnings results during the 16-day period beginning on the last day of the 180-day period, the restrictions imposed by this Agreement shall continue to apply until the expiration of the 18-day period beginning on the issuance of the earnings release or the occurrence of the material news or material event.
(i) Use of Proceeds. The Company will apply the net proceeds from the sale of the Shares as described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus under the heading "Use of proceeds", including to fund the Redemption.
(j) No Stabilization. Neither the Company nor Holdings will take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that could reasonably be expected to cause or result in any stabilization or manipulation of the price of the Shares.
(k) Exchange Listing. The Company will use its best efforts to list, subject to notice of issuance, the Shares on the New York Stock Exchange (the "Exchange").
(l) Reports. So long as the Shares are outstanding, the Company will furnish to the Representatives, as soon as they are available, copies of all reports or other communications (financial or other) furnished to holders of the Shares, and copies of any reports and financial statements furnished to or filed with the Commission or any national securities exchange or automatic quotation system.
(m) Legending and Record Retention . The Company will, pursuant to reasonable procedures developed in good faith, comply with legending requirements applicable to Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses and retain copies of each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus that is not filed with the Commission in accordance with Rule 433 under the Securities Act.
(n) Filings. The Company will file with the Commission such reports as may be required by Rule 463 under the Securities Act.
(o) Embedded Lockups. Neither the Company nor Holdings shall waive any provisions of any "lock-up" or similar provision of any agreement entered into by the Company or Holdings with any securityholder of the Company or Holdings without the written consent of JP Morgan Securities Inc. on behalf of the Underwriters, and the Company and Holdings shall enforce such provisions at the request of the Underwriters.
(p) Directed Share Program. None of the Shares distributed in connection with the Directed Share Program will be offered or sold outside of the United States.
5. Certain Agreements of the Underwriters . Each Underwriter hereby represents and agrees that:
(a) It has not and will not use, authorize use of, refer to, or participate in the planning for use of, any "free writing prospectus", as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act (which term includes use of any written information furnished to the Commission by the Company and not incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement and any press release issued by the Company), other than (i) a free writing prospectus that contains no "issuer information" (as defined in Rule 433(h)(2) under the Securities Act) that was not included (including through incorporation by reference) in the Preliminary Prospectus or a previously filed Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, (ii) any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus listed on Annex B or prepared pursuant to Section 3(c) or Section 4(c) above, or (iii) any free writing prospectus prepared by such underwriter and approved by the Company and the Representatives in advance in writing (each such free writing prospectus referred to in clauses (i) or (iii), an "Underwriter Free Writing Prospectus").
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(b) It has not and will not distribute any Underwriter Free Writing Prospectus referred to in clause (a)(i) in a manner reasonably designed to lead to its broad unrestricted dissemination.
(c) It has not and will not, without the prior written consent of the Company, use any free writing prospectus that contains the final terms of the Shares unless such terms have previously been included in a free writing prospectus filed with the Commission; [ provided that Underwriters may use a term sheet substantially in the form of Annex C hereto without the consent of the Company; provided further that any Underwriter using such term sheet shall notify the Company, and provide a copy of such term sheet to the Company, prior to, or substantially concurrently with, the first use of such term sheet].
(d) It will, pursuant to reasonable procedures developed in good faith, retain copies of each free writing prospectus used or referred to by it, in accordance with Rule 433 under the Securities Act.
(e) It is not subject to any pending proceeding under Section 8A of the Securities Act with respect to the offering (and will promptly notify the Company if any such proceeding against it is initiated during the Prospectus Delivery Period).
6. Conditions of Underwriters' Obligations . The obligation of each Underwriter to purchase the Underwritten Shares on the Closing Date or the Option Shares on the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be as provided herein is subject to the performance by the Company of its covenants and other obligations hereunder and to the following additional conditions:
(a) Registration Compliance; No Stop Order. No order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall be in effect, and no proceeding for such purpose or pursuant to Section 8A under the Securities Act shall be pending before or threatened by the Commission; the Prospectus and each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus shall have been timely filed with the Commission under the Securities Act (in the case of an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, to the extent required by Rule 433 under the Securities Act) and in accordance with Section 4(a) hereof; and all requests by the Commission for additional information shall have been complied with to the reasonable satisfaction of the Representatives.
(b) Representations and Warranties. The representations and warranties of the Company contained herein shall be true and correct on the date hereof and on and as of the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be; and the statements of the Company and its officers made in any certificates delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall be true and correct on and as of the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be.
(c) No Downgrade. Subsequent to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, (i) no downgrading shall have occurred in the rating accorded any securities or preferred stock of or guaranteed by Holdings, TXOK or any of their subsidiaries by any "nationally recognized statistical rating organization", as such term is defined by the Commission for purposes of Rule 436(g)(2) under the Securities Act and (ii) no such organization shall have publicly announced that it has under surveillance or review, or has changed its outlook with respect to, its rating of any securities or preferred stock of or guaranteed by Holdings, TXOK or any of their subsidiaries (other than an announcement with positive implications of a possible upgrading).
(d) No Material Adverse Change. No event or condition of a type described in Section 3(f) hereof shall have occurred or shall exist, which event or condition is not described in the Time of Sale Information (excluding any amendment or supplement thereto) and the Prospectus (excluding any amendment or supplement thereto) and the effect of which in the judgment of the Representatives makes it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the offering, sale or delivery of the Shares on the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may
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be, on the terms and in the manner contemplated by this Agreement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus.
(e) Officer's Certificate. The Representatives shall have received on and as of the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, a certificate of the chief financial officer or chief accounting officer of the Company and one additional senior executive officer of the Company who is satisfactory to the Representatives (i) confirming that such officers have carefully reviewed the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus and, to the best knowledge of such officers, the representations set forth in Section 3(b) and 3(d) hereof are true and correct, (ii) confirming that the other representations and warranties of the Company in this Agreement are true and correct and that the Company has complied with all agreements and satisfied all conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied hereunder at or prior to such Closing Date and (iii) to the effect set forth in paragraphs (a), (c) and (d) above.
(f) Comfort Letters. On the date of this Agreement and (except for Ernst & Young LLP and Hausser + Taylor LLC) on the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, each of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, KPMG LLP, Ernst & Young LLP and Hausser + Taylor LLC shall have furnished to the Representatives, at the request of the Company, letters, dated the respective dates of delivery thereof and addressed to the Underwriters, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives, containing statements and information of the type customarily included in accountants' "comfort letters" to underwriters with respect to the financial statements and certain financial information contained in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus; provided , that the letters delivered by PricewaterhouseCoopers and KPMG on the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, shall use a "cut-off" date no more than three business days prior to such Closing Date or such Additional Closing Date, as the case may be.
(g) Reserve Letters. On the date of this Agreement and on the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, Lee Keeling and Associates, Inc. shall have furnished to the Representatives, at the request of the Company, reserve report confirmation letters, dated the respective dates of delivery thereof and addressed to the Underwriters, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives, containing statements and information of the type customarily included in such letters to underwriters with respect to the reserve and other operational information contained in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus.
(h) Opinion of Counsel for the Company. Haynes and Boone, LLP, counsel for the Company, shall have furnished to the Representatives, at the request of the Company, their written opinion, dated the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, and addressed to the Underwriters, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives, to the effect set forth in Annex A hereto.
(i) Opinion of Counsel for the Underwriters. The Representatives shall have received on and as of the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, an opinion of Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP, counsel for the Underwriters, with respect to such matters as the Representatives may reasonably request, and such counsel shall have received such documents and information as they may reasonably request to enable them to pass upon such matters.
(j) No Legal Impediment to Issuance. No action shall have been taken and no statute, rule, regulation or order shall have been enacted, adopted or issued by any federal, state or foreign governmental or regulatory authority that would, as of the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, prevent the issuance or sale of the Shares; and no injunction or order of any federal, state or foreign court shall have been issued that would, as of the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, prevent the issuance or sale of the Shares.
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(k) Good Standing . The Representatives shall have received on and as of the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, satisfactory evidence of the good standing of the Company, TXOK and their subsidiaries and (solely on the Closing Date) Holdings in their respective jurisdictions of organization and their good standing as foreign entities in such other jurisdictions as the Representatives may reasonably request, in each case in writing or any standard form of telecommunication from the appropriate Governmental Authorities of such jurisdictions.
(l) Exchange Listing. The Shares to be delivered on the Closing Date or Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, shall have been approved for listing on the Exchange, subject to official notice of issuance.
(m) Lock-up Agreements . The "lock-up" agreements, each substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto, between you and certain shareholders, officers and directors of the Company or Holdings relating to sales and certain other dispositions of shares of Stock or certain other securities, delivered to you on or before the date hereof, shall be in full force and effect on the Closing Date or Additional Closing Date, as the case may be.
(n) Additional Documents. On or prior to the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, the Company shall have furnished to the Representatives such further certificates and documents as the Representatives may reasonably request.
(o) Merger and Redemption . The Merger shall have been consummated, and (i) in the case of the obligation to purchase the Underwritten Shares, TXOK shall be able to conduct the Redemption on the Closing Date on the terms set forth in the Registration Statement and Prospectus, and (ii) in the case of the obligation to purchase the Option Shares, the Redemption shall have been consummated.
All opinions, letters, certificates and evidence mentioned above or elsewhere in this Agreement shall be deemed to be in compliance with the provisions hereof only if they are in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to counsel for the Underwriters.
7. Indemnification and Contribution .
(a) Indemnification of the Underwriters. The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter, its affiliates, directors, officers and members and each person, if any, who controls such Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, from and against any and all losses, claims, damages and liabilities (including, without limitation, legal fees and other expenses incurred in connection with any suit, action or proceeding or any claim asserted, as such fees and expenses are incurred), joint or several, that arise out of, or are based upon, any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement or caused by any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading, (ii) or any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto), any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or any Time of Sale Information (including any Time of Sale Information that has subsequently been amended), or caused by any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, except insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities arise out of, or are based upon, any untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with any information relating to any Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use therein, it being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by any Underwriter consists of the information described as such in subsection (b) below.
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The Company also agrees to indemnify and hold harmless A.G. Edwards & Sons, Inc. ("A.G. Edwards"), its affiliates, directors and officers and each person, if any, who controls A.G. Edwards within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, from and against any and all losses, claims, damages and liabilities (including, without limitation, legal fees and other expenses incurred in connection with any suit, action or proceeding or any claim asserted, as such fees and expenses are incurred) incurred as a result of A.G. Edwards's participation as a "qualified independent underwriter" within the meaning of the Rules of Conduct of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. in connection with the offering of the Shares.
(b) Indemnification of the Company. Each Underwriter agrees, severally and not jointly, to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its directors, its officers who signed the Registration Statement and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act to the same extent as the indemnity set forth in paragraph (a) above, but only with respect to any losses, claims, damages or liabilities that arise out of, or are based upon, any untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with any information relating to such Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto), any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or any Time of Sale Information, it being understood and agreed upon that the only such information furnished by any Underwriter consists of the following information in the Prospectus furnished on behalf of each Underwriter: the concession and reallowance figures appearing in the paragraph under the caption "Underwriting", and the following information in the Prospectus: furnished on behalf of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc., Goldman, Sachs & Co., Credit Suisse First Boston LLC and KeyBanc Capital Markets, the description of certain relationships with the Company appearing in the sentence of the paragraph under the caption "Underwriting".
(c) Notice and Procedures. If any suit, action, proceeding (including any governmental or regulatory investigation), claim or demand shall be brought or asserted against any person in respect of which indemnification may be sought pursuant to either paragraph (a) or (b) above, such person (the "Indemnified Person") shall promptly notify the person against whom such indemnification may be sought (the "Indemnifying Person") in writing; provided that the failure to notify the Indemnifying Person shall not relieve it from any liability that it may have under this Section 7 except to the extent that it has been materially prejudiced (through the forfeiture of substantive rights or defenses) by such failure; and provided , further , that the failure to notify the Indemnifying Person shall not relieve it from any liability that it may have to an Indemnified Person otherwise than under this Section 7. If any such proceeding shall be brought or asserted against an Indemnified Person and it shall have notified the Indemnifying Person thereof, the Indemnifying Person shall retain counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Person (who shall not, without the consent of the Indemnified Person, be counsel to the Indemnifying Person) to represent the Indemnified Person in such proceeding and shall pay the fees and expenses of such counsel related to such proceeding, as incurred. In any such proceeding, any Indemnified Person shall have the right to retain its own counsel, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Indemnified Person unless (i) the Indemnifying Person and the Indemnified Person shall have mutually agreed to the contrary or (ii) the Indemnifying Person has failed within a reasonable time to retain counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Person. It is understood and agreed that the Indemnifying Person shall not, in connection with any proceeding or related proceeding in the same jurisdiction, be liable for the fees and expenses of more than one separate firm (in addition to any local counsel) for all Indemnified Persons, and that all such fees and expenses shall be paid or reimbursed as they are incurred; provided , however that if indemnity may be sought pursuant to the second paragraph of 7(a) above in respect of such proceeding, then in addition to such separate firm of the Underwriters, their affiliates, directors,
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officers and members and such control persons of the Underwriters the indemnifying party shall be liable for the fees and expenses of not more than one separate firm (in addition to any local counsel) for A.G. Edwards in its capacity as a "qualified independent underwriter", its affiliates, directors and officers and each person, if any, who controls A.G. Edwards within the meaning of either Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act ("A.G. Edwards Entities"); and provided, further , that if indemnity may be sought pursuant to Section 7(f) below in respect of such proceeding, then in addition to such separate firm for the Underwriters and such separate firm for the A.G. Edwards Entities, the indemnifying party shall be liable for the fees and expenses of not more than one separate firm (in addition to any local counsel) for the Bear Stearns Entities (as defined in Section 7(f)) for the defense of any loss, claim, damage, liability or action arising out of the Directed Share Program. Any such separate firm for any Underwriter, its affiliates, directors and officers and any control persons of such Underwriter shall be designated in writing by J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. and any such separate firm for the Company, its directors, its officers who signed the Registration Statement and any control persons of the Company shall be designated in writing by the Company. The Indemnifying Person shall not be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its written consent, but if settled with such consent or if there be a final judgment for the plaintiff, the Indemnifying Person agrees to indemnify each Indemnified Person from and against any loss or liability by reason of such settlement or judgment. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, if at any time an Indemnified Person shall have requested that an Indemnifying Person reimburse the Indemnified Person for fees and expenses of counsel as contemplated by this paragraph, the Indemnifying Person shall be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its written consent if (i) such settlement is entered into more than 30 days after receipt by the Indemnifying Person of such request and (ii) the Indemnifying Person shall not have reimbursed the Indemnified Person in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement. No Indemnifying Person shall, without the written consent of the Indemnified Person, effect any settlement of any pending or threatened proceeding in respect of which any Indemnified Person is or could have been a party and indemnification could have been sought hereunder by such Indemnified Person, unless such settlement (x) includes an unconditional release of such Indemnified Person, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to such Indemnified Person, from all liability on claims that are the subject matter of such proceeding and (y) does not include any statement as to or any admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act by or on behalf of any Indemnified Person.
(d) Contribution. If the indemnification provided for in paragraphs (a) and (b) above is unavailable to an Indemnified Person or insufficient in respect of any losses, claims, damages or liabilities referred to therein, then each Indemnifying Person under such paragraph, in lieu of indemnifying such Indemnified Person thereunder, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such Indemnified Person as a result of such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (i) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters from the offering of the Shares or A.G. Edwards in its capacity as a "qualified independent underwriter", as the case may be, on the other or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause (i) is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause (i) but also the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters or A.G. Edwards in its capacity as a "qualified independent underwriter", as the case may be, on the other in connection with the statements or omissions that resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other shall be deemed to be in the same respective proportions as the net proceeds (before deducting expenses) received by the Company from the sale of the Shares and the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by the Underwriters in connection therewith, in each case as set forth in the table on the cover of the Prospectus, bear to the
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aggregate offering price of the Shares. Benefits received by A.G. Edwards in its capacity as a "qualified independent underwriter" shall be deemed to be equal to the fee, if any, to be received by A.G. Edwards in its capacity as a "qualified independent underwriter." The relative fault of the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters or A.G. Edwards in its capacity as a "qualified independent underwriter", as the case may be, on the other shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company or by the Underwriters or A.G. Edwards in its capacity as a "qualified independent underwriter", as the case may be, and the parties' relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission.
(e) Limitation on Liability. The Company and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 7 were determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Underwriters were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation that does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in paragraph (d) above. The amount paid or payable by an Indemnified Person as a result of the losses, claims, damages and liabilities referred to in paragraph (d) above shall be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth above, any legal or other expenses incurred by such Indemnified Person in connection with any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 7, in no event shall an Underwriter be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by such Underwriter with respect to the offering of the Shares exceeds the amount of any damages that such Underwriter has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The Underwriters' obligations to contribute pursuant to this Section 7 are several in proportion to their respective purchase obligations hereunder and not joint.
(f) Directed Share Program. The Company shall indemnify and hold harmless Bear Stearns, its affiliates, directors and officers and each person, if any, who controls Bear Stearns within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act ("Bear Stearns Entities"), from and against any loss, claim, damage or liability or any action in respect thereof to which any of the Bear Stearns Entities may become subject, under the Securities Act or otherwise, insofar as such loss, claim, damage, liability or action (i) arises out of, or is based upon, any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any material prepared by or with the approval of the Company for distribution to participants in the Directed Share Program ("Directed Share Participants") in connection with the Directed Share Program or any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading (subject to the provisions of Section 7(a) of this Agreement in respect of any such statements in, or omissions from, the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Preliminary Prospectus), (ii) arises out of, or is based upon, the failure of the Directed Share Participant to pay for and accept delivery of Directed Shares that the Directed Share Participant agreed to purchase or (iii) is otherwise related to the Directed Share Program; provided that, the Company shall not be liable under this clause (iii) for any loss, claim, damage, liability or action that is determined in a final judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction to have resulted from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of the Bear Stearns Entities. The Company shall reimburse the Bear Stearns Entities promptly upon demand for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by them in connection with investigating or defending or preparing to defend against any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action as such expenses are incurred.
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(g) Non-Exclusive Remedies. The remedies provided for in this Section 7 are not exclusive and shall not limit any rights or remedies which may otherwise be available to any Indemnified Person at law or in equity.
8. Effectiveness of Agreement . This Agreement shall become effective upon the execution and delivery hereof by the parties hereto.
9. Termination . This Agreement may be terminated in the absolute discretion of the Representatives, by notice to the Company, if as of or after the Time of Sale and prior to the Closing Date or, in the case of the Option Shares, prior to the Additional Closing Date (i) trading generally shall have been suspended or materially limited on or by any of the New York Stock Exchange, the American Stock Exchange, the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., the Chicago Board Options Exchange, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange or the Chicago Board of Trade; (ii) trading of any securities issued or guaranteed by the Company shall have been suspended on any exchange or in any over-the-counter market; (iii) a general moratorium on commercial banking activities shall have been declared by federal or New York State authorities; (iv) there shall have occurred any outbreak or escalation of hostilities or any change in financial markets or any calamity or crisis, either within or outside the United States, that, in the judgment of the Representatives, is material and adverse and makes it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the offering, sale or delivery of the Shares on the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, on the terms and in the manner contemplated by this Agreement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus; or (v) the representation in Section 3(b) is incorrect in any respect.
10. Defaulting Underwriter . (a) If, on the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, any Underwriter defaults on its obligation to purchase the Shares that it has agreed to purchase hereunder on such date, the non-defaulting Underwriters may in their discretion arrange for the purchase of such Shares by other persons satisfactory to the Company on the terms contained in this Agreement. If, within 36 hours after any such default by any Underwriter, the non-defaulting Underwriters do not arrange for the purchase of such Shares, then the Company shall be entitled to a further period of 36 hours within which to procure other persons satisfactory to the non-defaulting Underwriters to purchase such Shares on such terms. If other persons become obligated or agree to purchase the Shares of a defaulting Underwriter, either the non-defaulting Underwriters or the Company may postpone the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, for up to five full business days in order to effect any changes that in the opinion of counsel for the Company or counsel for the Underwriters may be necessary in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus or in any other document or arrangement, and the Company agrees to promptly prepare any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus that effects any such changes. As used in this Agreement, the term "Underwriter" includes, for all purposes of this Agreement unless the context otherwise requires, any person not listed in Schedule 1 hereto that, pursuant to this Section 10, purchases Shares that a defaulting Underwriter agreed but failed to purchase.
(b) If, after giving effect to any arrangements for the purchase of the Shares of a defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters by the non-defaulting Underwriters and the Company as provided in paragraph (a) above, the aggregate number of Shares that remain unpurchased on the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, does not exceed one-eleventh of the aggregate number of Shares to be purchased on such date, then the Company shall have the right to require each non-defaulting Underwriter to purchase the number of Shares that such Underwriter agreed to purchase hereunder on such date plus such Underwriter's pro rata share (based on the number of Shares that such Underwriter agreed to purchase on such date) of the Shares of such defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters for which such arrangements have not been made.
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(c) If, after giving effect to any arrangements for the purchase of the Shares of a defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters by the non-defaulting Underwriters and the Company as provided in paragraph (a) above, the aggregate number of Shares that remain unpurchased on the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, exceeds one-eleventh of the aggregate amount of Shares to be purchased on such date, or if the Company shall not exercise the right described in paragraph (b) above, then this Agreement or, with respect to any Additional Closing Date, the obligation of the Underwriters to purchase Shares on the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, shall terminate without liability on the part of the non-defaulting Underwriters. Any termination of this Agreement pursuant to this Section 10 shall be without liability on the part of the Company, except that the Company will continue to be liable for the payment of expenses as set forth in Section 11 hereof and except that the provisions of Section 7 hereof shall not terminate and shall remain in effect.
(d) Nothing contained herein shall relieve a defaulting Underwriter of any liability it may have to the Company or any non-defaulting Underwriter for damages caused by its default.
11. Payment of Expenses . (a) Whether or not the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are consummated or this Agreement is terminated, the Company will pay or cause to be paid all costs and expenses incident to the performance of its obligations hereunder, including without limitation, (i) the costs incident to the authorization, issuance, sale, preparation and delivery of the Shares and any taxes payable in that connection; (ii) the costs incident to the preparation, printing and filing under the Securities Act of the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, any Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus (including all exhibits, amendments and supplements thereto) and the distribution thereof; (iii) the costs of reproducing and distributing each of the Transaction Documents; (iv) the fees and expenses of the Company's counsel and independent accountants; (v) the fees and expenses incurred in connection with the registration or qualification and determination of eligibility for investment of the Shares under the laws of such jurisdictions as the Representatives may designate and the preparation, printing and distribution of a Blue Sky Memorandum (including the related fees and expenses of counsel for the Underwriters); (vi) the cost of preparing stock certificates; (vii) the costs and charges of any transfer agent and any registrar; (viii) all expenses and application fees incurred in connection with any filing with, and clearance of the offering by, the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.; (ix) the fees and expenses of A.G. Edwards acting as "qualified independent underwriter" within the meaning of the aforementioned Rule 2720 of The Rules of Conduct; (x) all expenses incurred by the Company in connection with any "road show" presentation to potential investors; (xi) all expenses and application fees related to the listing of the Shares on the Exchange; and (xii) all costs, expenses, fees and taxes incident to the offer and sale of Shares by the Underwriters in connection with the Directed Share Program including the fees and disbursements of counsel to the Underwriters related thereto, the costs and expenses of preparation, printing and distribution of the Directed Share Program material and all stamp duties or other taxes incurred by the Underwriters in connection with the Directed Share Program.
(b) If (i) this Agreement is terminated pursuant to Section 9, (ii) the Company for any reason fails to tender the Shares for delivery to the Underwriters or (iii) the Underwriters decline to purchase the Shares for any reason permitted under this Agreement, the Company agrees to reimburse the Underwriters for all out-of-pocket costs and expenses (including the fees and expenses of their counsel) reasonably incurred by the Underwriters in connection with this Agreement and the offering contemplated hereby.
12. Persons Entitled to Benefit of Agreement . This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties hereto and their respective successors and the officers, members and directors and any controlling persons referred to in Section 7 hereof. Nothing in this Agreement is intended or shall be construed to give any other person any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in
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respect of this Agreement or any provision contained herein. No purchaser of Shares from any Underwriter shall be deemed to be a successor merely by reason of such purchase.
13. Survival . The respective indemnities, rights of contribution, representations, warranties and agreements of the Company and the Underwriters contained in this Agreement or made by or on behalf of the Company or the Underwriters pursuant to this Agreement or any certificate delivered pursuant hereto shall survive the delivery of and payment for the Shares and shall remain in full force and effect, regardless of any termination of this Agreement or any investigation made by or on behalf of the Company or the Underwriters.
14. Certain Defined Terms . For purposes of this Agreement, (a) except where otherwise expressly provided, the term "affiliate" has the meaning set forth in Rule 405 under the Securities Act; (b) the term "business day" means any day other than a day on which banks are permitted or required to be closed in New York City; and (c) the term "subsidiary" has the meaning set forth in Rule 405 under the Securities Act.
15. Miscellaneous . (a) Authority of the Representatives. Any action by the Underwriters hereunder may be taken by J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. on behalf of the Underwriters, and any such action taken by J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. shall be binding upon the Underwriters.
(b) Notices. All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if mailed or transmitted and confirmed by any standard form of telecommunication. Notices to the Underwriters shall be given to the Representatives c/o J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., 277 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10172 (fax: (212) 622-8358); Attention: Equity Syndicate Desk. Notices to the Company shall be given to it at , , , (fax: ); Attention: .
(c) Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.
(d) Counterparts. This Agreement may be signed in counterparts (which may include counterparts delivered by any standard form of telecommunication), each of which shall be an original and all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.
(e) Amendments or Waivers. No amendment or waiver of any provision of this Agreement, nor any consent or approval to any departure therefrom, shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be in writing and signed by the parties hereto.
(f) Headings. The headings herein are included for convenience of reference only and are not intended to be part of, or to affect the meaning or interpretation of, this Agreement.
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If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding, please indicate your acceptance of this Agreement by signing in the space provided below.
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Very truly yours, |
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EXCO RESOURCES, INC. |
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By |
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Name: Title: |
Accepted: , 200
J.P. MORGAN SECURITIES INC.
For
itself and on behalf of the
several Underwriters listed
in Schedule 1 hereto.
By |
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Authorized Signatory |
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Schedule 1
Underwriter
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Number of Shares
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J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. | |||
Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. | |||
Goldman, Sachs & Co. | |||
A.G. Edwards & Sons, Inc. | |||
Credit Suisse First Boston LLC | |||
KeyBanc Capital Markets, a division of McDonald Investments Inc. | |||
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Total | |||
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Annex A
[Form of Opinion of Counsel for the Company]
(a) The Registration Statement was declared effective under the Securities Act as of the date and time specified in such opinion; the Prospectus was filed with the Commission pursuant to the subparagraph of Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act specified in such opinion on the date specified therein; and no order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement has been issued and no proceeding for that purpose or pursuant to Section 8A of the Securities Act against the Company or related to the offering is pending or, to the best knowledge of such counsel, threatened by the Commission.
(b) The Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus, each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus included in the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus (other than the financial statements and related schedules therein, as to which such counsel need express no opinion) comply as to form in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act.
(c) The Company has been duly incorporated and is an existing corporation in good standing under the laws of Texas, and Holdings has been duly incorporated and is an existing corporation in good standing under the laws of Delaware; each of the Company and Holdings has corporate power and authority to own its properties and conduct its business as described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus; and each of the Company and Holdings is duly qualified to do business as a foreign corporation in good standing in all other jurisdictions identified by the Company to such counsel in which its ownership or lease of property or the conduct of its business requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified would not have a Material Adverse Effect.
(d) Each subsidiary of the Company, TXOK and each subsidiary of TXOK has been duly incorporated or formed and is an existing corporation, limited liability company or partnership, as the case may be, in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or formation, with power and authority (corporate, limited liability company or partnership) to own its properties and conduct its business as described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus; and each subsidiary of the Company, TXOK and each subsidiary of TXOK is duly qualified to do business as a foreign corporation or entity in good standing in all other jurisdictions identified by the Company to such counsel in which its ownership or lease of property or the conduct of its business requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect; all of the issued and outstanding capital stock or equity interest of each subsidiary of the Company, TXOK and each subsidiary of TXOK has been duly authorized and validly issued and is fully paid and nonassessable.
(e) Holdings has an authorized capitalization as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus under the heading "Capitalization"; all the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company and Holdings have been duly and validly authorized and issued and are fully paid and non-assessable; the capital stock of the Company conforms in all material respects to the description thereof contained in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus; and all the outstanding shares of capital stock or other equity interests of TXOK and of each subsidiary of Holdings and TXOK are owned directly or indirectly by Holdings or TXOK, free and clear of any lien, charge, encumbrance, security interest, restriction on voting or transfer or any other claim of any third party, except for such liens, charges, encumbrances, security interests, restrictions or claims (i) under the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement among EXCO Resources, Inc., EXCO Operating, LP, North Coast Energy, Inc. and North Coast Energy Eastern, Inc., as Borrowers, and Bank One, NA, as Administrative Agent for itself and the Lenders defined therein, dated January 27, 2004, as amended, (ii) under the indenture, dated as of January 20, 2004, among the Company, certain guarantors and Wilmington Trust Company, as Trustee, (iii) under the Credit Agreement among EXCO Holdings Inc., as Borrower, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the Lenders defined therein, dated as of October 3, 2005; (iv) under the Credit Agreement for the Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility among TXOK Acquisition, Inc., as Borrower, certain
of its subsidiaries as Guarantors, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the Lenders defined therein, dated September 27, 2005; or (v) under the Credit Agreement for the Senior Secured Term Credit Facility among TXOK Acquisition, Inc., as Borrower, certain of its subsidiaries as Guarantors, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the Lenders defined therein, dated September 27, 2005.
(f) The Company has full right, power and authority to execute and deliver the Underwriting Agreement and to perform its obligations thereunder; each of the Company and Holdings has full right, power and authority to execute and deliver the Merger Agreement and to perform its obligations thereunder; and all action required to be taken for the due and proper authorization, execution and delivery of each of the Transaction Documents and the consummation of the transactions (including the Redemption) contemplated thereby has been duly and validly taken.
(g) The Underwriting Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company.
(h) The Shares to be issued and sold by the Company under the Underwriting Agreement have been duly authorized and, when delivered to and paid for by the Underwriters in accordance with the terms of the Underwriting Agreement, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and the issuance of the Shares is not subject to any preemptive or similar rights.
(i) The Merger Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by each of the Company and Holdings and constitutes a valid and legally binding agreement of the Company and Holdings enforceable against the Company and Holdings in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally or by equitable principles relating to enforceability.
(j) Each Transaction Document conforms in all material respects to the description thereof contained in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus.
(k) None of Holdings, TXOK or any of their respective subsidiaries is (i) in violation of its charter or by-laws or similar organizational documents; (ii) in default, and no event has occurred that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute such a default, in the due performance or observance of any term, covenant or condition contained in any indenture, loan agreement, mortgage, lease or other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it is bound or to which any of its property or assets is subject; or (iii) in violation of any law or statute or any judgment, order, rule or regulation of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority, except, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), for any such default or violation that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
(l) The execution, delivery and performance by the Company (and, in the case of the Merger Agreement, by Holdings) of each of the Transaction Documents, the issuance and sale of the Shares being delivered on the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, and compliance by the Company (and, in the case of the Merger Agreement, by Holdings) with the terms of, and the consummation of the transactions (including the Redemption) contemplated by, the Transaction Documents will not (i) conflict with or result in a breach or violation of any of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of Holdings, TXOK or any of their respective subsidiaries pursuant to, any indenture, loan agreement, mortgage, lease or other agreement or instrument to which Holdings, TXOK or any of their subsidiaries is a party or by which Holdings, TXOK or any of their subsidiaries is bound or to which any of the property or assets of Holdings, TXOK or any of their subsidiaries is subject, (ii) result in any violation of the provisions of the charter or by-laws or similar organizational documents of Holdings, TXOK or any of their subsidiaries or (iii) result in the violation of any law or statute or any judgment, order, rule or regulation of any court or arbitrator or
2
governmental or regulatory authority except, in the case of clauses (i) and (iii) above, for any such conflict, breach or violation that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
(m) No consent, approval, authorization, order, registration or qualification of or with any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority is required for the execution, delivery and performance by the Company (and, in the case of the Merger Agreement, by Holdings) of each of the Transaction Documents, the issuance and sale of the Shares being delivered on the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, and compliance by the Company (and, in the case of the Merger Agreement, by Holdings) with the terms of, and the consummation of the transactions (including the Redemption) contemplated by, the Transaction Documents, except for the registration of the Shares under the Securities Act, such consents, approvals, authorizations, orders and registrations or qualifications as may be required under applicable state securities laws in connection with the purchase and distribution of the Shares by the Underwriters, and any consent, approval, authorization, order, registration, qualification or other action that either has been, or prior to the Closing Date will be, obtained or made or which, if not made, would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
(n) Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus, there are no pending actions, suits or proceedings against or affecting Holdings, TXOK or any of their respective subsidiaries or properties that, if determined adversely to Holdings, TXOK or any of their respective subsidiaries, would, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect, or would materially and adversely affect the ability of the Company or Holdings to perform their obligations under the Transaction Documents or the ability of TXOK to consummate the Redemption; and, to the knowledge of such counsel, no such actions, suits or proceedings are overtly threatened.
(o) The descriptions in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus of statutes, legal, governmental and regulatory proceedings and contracts and other documents are accurate in all material respects; the statements in the Preliminary Prospectus and Prospectus under the headings "Description of capital stock" and "Underwriting", and in the Registration Statement in items 14 and 15, to the extent that they constitute summaries of the terms of stock, matters of law or regulation or legal conclusions, fairly summarize the matters described therein in all material respects; and, to the best knowledge of such counsel, (i) there are no current or pending legal, governmental or regulatory actions, suits or proceedings that are required under the Securities Act to be described in the Registration Statement and that are not so described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus and (ii) there are no statutes, regulations or contracts or other documents that are required under the Securities Act to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement or described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus and that have not been so filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement or described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus.
(p) The statements made in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus under the caption "Certain United States federal income and estate tax consequences to non-U.S. holders," insofar as they purport to constitute summaries of matters of U.S. federal tax law and regulations or legal conclusions with respect thereto, constitute accurate summaries of the matters described therein in all material respects.
(q) The Company is not and, after giving effect to the Merger, the offering and sale of the Shares and the application of the proceeds thereof as described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus (including towards the Redemption), will not be required to register as an "investment company" or an entity "controlled" by an "investment company" within the meaning of the Investment Company Act.
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(r) Neither the issuance, sale and delivery of the Shares nor the application of the proceeds thereof by the Company as described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information and the Prospectus will violate Regulation T, U or X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or any other regulation of such Board of Governors.
Such counsel shall also state that they have participated in conferences with Representatives of the Company and with Representatives of its independent accountants and counsel at which conferences the contents of the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information, and the Prospectus and any amendment and supplement thereto and related matters were discussed and, although such counsel assume no responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or fairness of the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Information, the Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto (except as expressly provided above), nothing has come to the attention of such counsel to cause such counsel to believe that the Registration Statement, at the time of its effective date (including the information, if any, deemed pursuant to Rule 430A or 430C to be part of the Registration Statement at the time of effectiveness), contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, that the Time of Sale Information, at the Time of Sale, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading or that the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto as of its date and the Closing Date or Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading (other than (i) the financial statements and the notes and schedules thereto and (ii) any engineering or financial data contained therein, as to which such counsel need express no belief).
In rendering such opinion, such counsel may rely as to matters of fact on certificates of responsible officers of the Company and public officials that are furnished to the Underwriters.
The opinion of Haynes and Boone, LLP described above shall be rendered to the Underwriters at the request of the Company and shall so state therein.
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Annex B
[list each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus to be included in the Time of Sale Information]
[set out key information included in script that will be used by underwriters to confirm sales, e.g. price, number of shares, net proceeds]
Annex C
EXCO Resources, Inc.
Pricing Term Sheet
[TO COME]
Exhibit A
FORM OF LOCK-UP AGREEMENT
, 200
J.P.
Morgan Securities Inc.
Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc.
Goldman, Sachs & Co.
As Representatives of
the several Underwriters listed in
Schedule I to the Underwriting
Agreement referred to below
c/o J.P. Morgan Securities Inc.
277 Park Avenue
New York, NY 10172
Ladies and Gentlemen:
The undersigned understands that you, as Representatives of the several Underwriters, propose to enter into an Underwriting Agreement (the "Underwriting Agreement") with EXCO Resources, Inc., a Texas corporation (the "Company"), providing for the public offering (the "Public Offering") by the several Underwriters named in Schedule I to the Underwriting Agreement (the "Underwriters"), of common stock of the Company (the "Securities"). Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the meanings set forth in the Underwriting Agreement.
In consideration of the Underwriters' agreement to purchase and make the Public Offering of the Securities, and for other good and valuable consideration receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the undersigned hereby agrees that, without the prior written consent of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. on behalf of the Underwriters, the undersigned will not, during the period ending 180 days after the date of the prospectus relating to the Public Offering (the "Prospectus"), (1) offer, pledge, announce the intention to sell, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of Common Stock, $0.001 per share par value, of the Company (the "Common Stock"), any shares of Common Stock ("Holdings Stock"), $0.001 per share par value, of EXCO Holdings, Inc. or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock or Holdings Stock (including without limitation, Common Stock or Holdings Stock which may be deemed to be beneficially owned by the undersigned in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and securities which may be issued upon exercise of a stock option or warrant) or (2) enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Common Stock or Holdings Stock, whether any such transaction described in clause (1) or (2) above is to be settled by delivery of Common Stock, Holdings Stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise. In addition, the undersigned agrees that, without the prior written consent of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. on behalf of the Underwriters, it will not, during the period ending 180 days after the date of the Prospectus, make any demand for or exercise any right with respect to, the registration of any shares of Common Stock or Holdings Stock or any security convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock or Holdings Stock.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, if (1) during the last 17 days of the 180-day restricted period, the Company issues an earnings release or material news or a material event relating to the Company occurs; or (2) prior to the expiration of the 180-day restricted period, the Company announces that it will release earnings results during the 16-day period beginning on the last day of the 180-day period, the restrictions imposed by this Letter Agreement shall continue to apply until the expiration of the 18-day period beginning on the issuance of the earnings release or the occurrence of the material news or material event.
In furtherance of the foregoing, the Company, Holdings, and any duly appointed transfer agent for the registration or transfer of the securities described herein, are hereby authorized to decline to make any transfer of securities if such transfer would constitute a violation or breach of this Letter Agreement.
The undersigned hereby represents and warrants that the undersigned has full power and authority to enter into this Letter Agreement. All authority herein conferred or agreed to be conferred and any obligations of the undersigned shall be binding upon the successors, assigns, heirs or personal representatives of the undersigned.
The undersigned understands that, if the Underwriting Agreement does not become effective, or if the Underwriting Agreement (other than the provisions thereof which survive termination) shall terminate or be terminated prior to payment for and delivery of the Common Stock to be sold thereunder, the undersigned shall be released form all obligations under this Letter Agreement.
The undersigned understands that the Underwriters are entering into the Underwriting Agreement and proceeding with the Public Offering in reliance upon this Letter Agreement.
This Letter Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, without regard to the conflict of laws principles thereof.
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Very truly yours, |
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[NAME OF STOCKHOLDER] |
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By: |
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Name: Title: |
2
Exhibit 3.1
THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED
ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
OF
EXCO RESOURCES, INC.
EXCO Resources, Inc. (the " Corporation "), pursuant to Article 4.07 of the Texas Business Corporation Act (the " TBCA "), hereby adopts amended and restated articles of incorporation that accurately copy the articles of incorporation and all amendments thereto that are in effect to date and as further amended by such amended and restated articles of incorporation as hereinafter set forth and contain no other change in any provision thereof.
The name of the Corporation is EXCO Resources, Inc.
The Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation and all amendments thereto are hereby amended by these Articles of Incorporation as follows: (i) current Articles One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, Seven, Eight, Nine, Ten, Eleven, Twelve, Thirteen and Fourteen are amended in their entirety to read as set forth in Articles I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII and XIV below; and (ii) new Articles XV, XVI and XVII are added to read as set forth below.
Each such amendment made by these Articles of Incorporation has been effected in conformity with the provisions of the TBCA and the Corporation's constituent documents and each amendment effected hereby was duly adopted by the shareholders of the Corporation effective as of January , 2006.
The Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation and all amendments thereto are hereby superceded by the following Articles of Incorporation, which accurately copy the entire text thereof as amended and set forth above:
THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED
ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
OF
EXCO RESOURCES, INC.
As Amended and Restated
Effective on
January , 2006
The name of the Corporation is EXCO Resources, Inc.
The period of the Corporation's duration is perpetual.
The purpose for which the Corporation is organized is to conduct any and all lawful business for which a corporation may be organized under the Texas Business Corporation Act, as it may be amended from time to time (the " TBCA "), or any successor law, including the Texas Business Organizations Code, that replaces the TBCA.
The aggregate number of shares of capital stock that the Corporation will have authority to issue is 260,000,000 shares, which shall consist of 250,000,000 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the " Common Stock "), and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share (" Preferred Stock ").
Authority is hereby expressly vested in the Board of Directors of the Corporation, subject to any limitations prescribed by the TBCA, to establish one or more series of shares of Preferred Stock from time to time by adoption of a resolution or resolutions setting forth the designation of the series and fixing and determining the designations, preferences, limitations, and relative rights, including voting rights, of the shares of any such series to the same extent that such designations, preferences, limitations, and relative rights could be stated if fully set forth in these Articles of Incorporation.
The Board of Directors of the Corporation may increase or decrease the number of shares within each established series of the Preferred Stock through the adoption of a resolution fixing and determining the new number of shares of each series in which the number of shares is increased or decreased; provided , however , that the Board of Directors of the Corporation may not decrease the number of shares within a series to less than the number of shares within such series that are then issued. In case the number of shares of a series of Preferred Stock shall be so decreased, the shares by which the series is decreased shall resume the status of authorized but unissued shares of the class of shares from which the series was established.
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ARTICLE V
NON-CUMULATIVE VOTING
Cumulative voting is expressly prohibited.
ARTICLE VI
DENIAL OF PREEMPTIVE RIGHTS
The statutory right of any shareholder of the Corporation to exercise preemptive rights to acquire additional, unissued or treasury shares of the Corporation or securities of the Corporation convertible into or carrying a right to subscribe to or acquire shares of the Corporation is hereby denied.
The street address of the Corporation's registered office is as follows:
350
N. St. Paul, Suite 2900
Dallas, Texas 75201
The name of the Corporation's registered agent at the Corporation's registered office is CT Corporation System.
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The names and addresses of the current directors of the Corporation are as follows:
Name
|
Address
|
|
Douglas H. Miller |
|
12377 Merit Drive, Suite 1700 Dallas, TX 75251 |
Stephen F. Smith |
|
12377 Merit Drive, Suite 1700 Dallas, TX 75251 |
J. Douglas Ramsey, Ph.D. |
|
12377 Merit Drive, Suite 1700 Dallas, TX 75251 |
Harold L. Hickey |
|
12377 Merit Drive, Suite 1700 Dallas, TX 75251 |
Jeffrey D. Benjamin |
|
12377 Merit Drive, Suite 1700 Dallas, TX 75251 |
Earl E. Ellis |
|
12377 Merit Drive, Suite 1700 Dallas, TX 75251 |
Robert H. Niehaus |
|
12377 Merit Drive, Suite 1700 Dallas, TX 75251 |
Boone Pickens |
|
8117 Preston Road, Suite 260 West Dallas, TX 75225 |
Robert L. Stillwell |
|
8117 Preston Road, Suite 260 West Dallas, TX 75225 |
The power to amend or repeal the Bylaws or to adopt new Bylaws shall be vested in either the shareholders or the Board of Directors of the Corporation, subject to the shareholders providing in amending, repealing or adopting a particular Bylaw that it may not be amended or repealed by the Board of Directors of the Corporation.
ARTICLE XI
ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
12.1 Number of Directors . The number of the Directors of the Corporation shall be fixed from time to time by or pursuant to the Bylaws of the Corporation.
12.2 Shareholder Nomination of Director Candidates and Introduction of Business . Advance notice of shareholder nominations for the election of Directors and advance notice of business to be brought by shareholders before an annual meeting shall be given in the manner provided in the Bylaws of the Corporation.
12.3 Decrease in Number of Directors . No decrease in the number of Directors constituting the Board of Directors shall shorten the term of an incumbent Director.
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12.4 No Requirement of Written Ballot . The election of the Directors may be conducted in any form adopted by the Board of Directors, and need not be by written ballot. In the event, however, that a majority of the shareholders vote to require written ballots, written ballots shall be used.
ARTICLE XII
SPECIAL MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS
Special meetings of the shareholders, unless otherwise prescribed by statute, may be called by the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Corporation or the President and shall be called by the Secretary upon the written request, stating the purpose or purposes therefore, of not less than a majority of the whole Board of Directors. Special meetings of shareholders, unless otherwise prescribed by statute, shall not be called by the shareholders of the Corporation.
Each person who is or was a Director or officer of the Corporation, or while a Director or officer of the Corporation is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, partner, venturer, proprietor, trustee, employee, agent or similar functionary of another corporation, employee benefit plan, other enterprise or other entity, shall be indemnified by the Corporation to the fullest extent that a corporation is required or permitted to grant indemnification to such person under the TBCA and the Texas Miscellaneous Corporation Laws Act, as the same exist or may hereafter be amended (but, in the case of any such amendment, only to the extent that such amendment permits the Corporation to provide broader indemnification rights than said law permitted the Corporation to provide prior to such amendment) or any other applicable laws as presently or hereafter in effect. The right to indemnification under this Article XIII shall extend to the heirs, executors, administrators and estate of any such Director or officer. The right to indemnification provided in this Article XIII (a) will not be exclusive of any other rights to which any person seeking indemnification may otherwise be entitled, including without limitation, pursuant to any bylaw, agreement, vote of shareholders or disinterested Directors, or otherwise, both as to action in their official capacities and as to action in another capacity while holding such office; and (b) will be applicable to matters otherwise within its scope whether or not such matters arose or arise before or after the adoption of this Article XIII. Without limiting the generality or the effect of the foregoing, the Corporation may adopt bylaws or enter into one or more agreements with any person which provide for indemnification greater or different than that provided in this Article XIII to the extent provided by applicable laws. Any amendment or repeal of this Article XIII shall not adversely affect any right or protection existing hereunder immediately prior to such amendment or repeal.
ARTICLE XIV
NO MONETARY LIABILITY OF DIRECTORS TO SHAREHOLDERS
To the fullest extent permitted by the TBCA, as the same may be amended from time to time, or any other applicable laws presently or hereafter in effect, no Director of the Corporation shall be personally liable to the Corporation or its shareholders for or with respect to any acts or omissions in the performance of his or her duties as a Director of the Corporation. If the TBCA is hereafter amended to authorize, with the approval of a corporation's shareholders, further elimination of the liability of a corporation's directors for or with respect to any acts or omissions in the performance of their duties as directors of a corporation, then a Director of the Corporation shall not be liable for any such acts or omissions to the fullest extent permitted by the TBCA, as so amended. Any repeal or modification of this Article XIV shall not adversely affect any right or protection of a Director of the Corporation existing immediately prior to such repeal or modification.
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ARTICLE XV
BUSINESS COMBINATION LAW
Pursuant to Article 13.04 of the TBCA, the Corporation expressly elects not to be governed by Article 13 of the TBCA (the Business Combination Law).
The Corporation reserves the right at any time and from time to time to amend, alter, change or repeal any provision contained in these Articles of Incorporation, and any other provisions authorized by the laws of the State of Texas at the time in force may be added or inserted, in the manner now or hereafter prescribed herein or by applicable law, and all rights, preferences and privileges of whatsoever nature conferred upon shareholders, Directors or any other persons whomsoever by and pursuant to these Articles of Incorporation in their present form or as hereafter amended are granted subject to the right reserved in this Article XV; provided , however , that any amendment or repeal of Article XIV or Article XV of these Articles of Incorporation shall not adversely affect any right or protection existing hereunder immediately prior to such amendment or repeal.
ARTICLE XVII
SHAREHOLDER ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT
Any action required by the TBCA, as amended, to be taken at any annual or special meeting of shareholders, or any action that may be taken at any annual or special meeting of shareholders, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holder or holders of shares having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to take such action at a meeting at which the holders of all shares entitled to vote on the action were present and voted.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, and in accordance with Article 4.07 of the TBCA, the undersigned has executed these Articles of Incorporation as of January , 2006.
By: |
Douglas H. Miller Chairman and Chief Executive Officer |
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Exhibit 3.2
BYLAWS
OF EXCO RESOURCES, INC.
As Amended and Restated on
January , 2006
Section 1.1 Offices: The Corporation may have offices at such places, within or without the State of Texas, as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine, or as the business of the Corporation may require.
ARTICLE II
MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS
Section 2.1 Time and Place of Meetings: All meetings of the shareholders shall be held at such time and place, within or without the State of Texas, as shall be stated in the notice of the meeting or in a duly executed waiver of notice thereof.
Section 2.2 Annual Meetings: Annual meetings of shareholders shall be held on such date and time as shall be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors and stated in the notice of the meeting. At the annual meeting, the shareholders entitled to vote thereat shall elect a Board of Directors and transact such other business as may properly be brought before the meeting.
Section 2.3 Special Meetings: Special meetings of the shareholders may be called by the Chairman of the Board and shall be called by the Secretary upon the written request, stating the purpose or purposes therefor, of either (i) not less than a majority of the whole Board of Directors or (ii) the holder or holders of shares having not less than 25% of the votes that would be necessary to take the action set forth in the proposed purpose or purposes of the meeting at a meeting at which the holders of all shares entitled to vote on such action were present and voted. Business conducted at any special meeting shall be confined to the purpose or purposes described in the notice thereof.
Section 2.4 Notice of Meetings: Written or printed notice stating the place, day and hour of the meeting, and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called, shall be delivered not less than 10 calendar days (20 calendar days in the case of a meeting to approve a plan of merger or exchange) nor more than 60 calendar days before the date of the meeting, by personal delivery, by mail or, with consent of the shareholder, by electronic transmission, by or at the direction of the officer or person calling the meeting, to each shareholder of record entitled to vote at such meeting. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be delivered when deposited in the United States mail addressed to the shareholder at his, her or its address as it appears on the share transfer records of the Corporation, with postage thereon prepaid. If electronically transmitted, such notice shall be deemed given when transmitted to a facsimile number or electronic mail address provided by the shareholder for the purpose of receiving notice.
Section 2.5 Record Date: For the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of shareholders or any adjournment thereof, or entitled to receive a distribution by the Corporation (other than a distribution involving a purchase or redemption by the Corporation of any of its own shares) or a share dividend or in order to make a determination of shareholders for any other purpose, the Board of Directors may fix in advance a date as the record date for any such determination of shareholders, such date in any case to be not more than 60 calendar days, and, in the case of a meeting of shareholders, not less than 10 calendar days, prior to the date on which the particular action requiring such determination of shareholders is to be taken. If no record date is fixed for the determination of shareholders entitled to notice of or vote at a meeting of shareholders, or shareholders entitled to receive a distribution by the Corporation (other than a distribution involving a purchase or redemption by the Corporation of any of its own shares) or a share dividend, the date on
which notice of the meeting is mailed or the date on which the resolution of the Board of Directors declaring such distribution or share dividend is adopted, as the case may be, shall be the record date for such determination of shareholders. When a determination of shareholders entitled to vote at any meeting of shareholders has been made as provided in this Section 2.5, such determination shall apply to any adjournment thereof.
Section 2.6 Shareholder List: The officer or agent having charge of the share transfer records for shares of the Corporation shall make, at least 10 calendar days before each meeting of shareholders, a complete list of the shareholders entitled to vote at such meeting or any adjournment thereof, arranged in alphabetical order, with the address of and the number of shares held by each, which list, for a period of 10 calendar days prior to such meeting, shall be kept on file at the registered office or principal place of business of the Corporation and shall be subject to inspection by any shareholder at any time during usual business hours. Such list shall also be produced and kept open at the time and place of the meeting and shall be subject to the inspection of any shareholder during the whole time of the meeting. The original share transfer records shall be prima facie evidence as to who are the shareholders entitled to examine such list or transfer records or to vote at any meeting of shareholders.
Section 2.7 Quorum: A quorum shall be present at a meeting of shareholders if the holder or holders of a majority of the combined voting power of the shares entitled to vote at the meeting are present in person, represented by a duly authorized representative in the case of a corporation or other legal entity or represented by proxy, unless otherwise provided in the Articles of Incorporation. Unless otherwise provided in the Articles of Incorporation, once a quorum is present at a duly constituted meeting of shareholders, the shareholders present or represented at the meeting may conduct such business as may be properly brought before the meeting until it is adjourned, and the subsequent withdrawal from the meeting of any shareholder present or represented shall not affect the presence of a quorum at the meeting. Unless otherwise provided in the Articles of Incorporation, the shareholders entitled to vote and present or represented at a meeting of shareholders at which a quorum is not present may adjourn the meeting until such time and to such place as may be determined by a vote of the holders of a majority of the shares represented at that meeting. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present or represented, any business may be conducted which might have been conducted at the meeting as originally notified.
Section 2.8 Voting: With respect to any matter, other than the election of directors or a matter for which the affirmative vote of the holders of a specified portion of the shares is required by the Articles of Incorporation or applicable law, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the combined voting power of the shares entitled to vote on that matter and represented at a meeting of shareholders at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the shareholders. Unless otherwise provided in the Articles of Incorporation, directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes cast by the holders of shares entitled to vote in the election of directors at a meeting of shareholders at which a quorum is present.
Section 2.9 Method of Voting: Each outstanding share shall be entitled to one vote on each matter submitted to a vote at a meeting of shareholders, unless the Articles of Incorporation provide for more or less than one vote per share or limit or deny voting rights to the holders of the shares of any class or series or as otherwise provided by applicable law. A shareholder may vote in person, by duly authorized representative in the case of a corporation or other legal entity or by proxy executed in writing by the shareholder or by his, her or its duly authorized attorney-in-fact. No proxy shall be valid after 11 months from the date of its execution unless otherwise provided in the proxy. Each proxy shall be revocable unless the proxy form conspicuously states that the proxy is irrevocable and the proxy is coupled with an interest. Each proxy shall be filed with the Secretary of the Corporation prior to the time of the meeting.
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Section 2.10 Inspectors of Election: The chairman of each meeting of shareholders shall appoint one or more persons to act as inspectors of election. The inspectors of election shall report to the meeting the number of shares of each class and series of stock, and of all classes, represented either in person or by proxy. The inspectors of elections shall oversee the vote of the shareholders for the election of directors and for any other matters that are put to a vote of shareholders at the meeting; receive a ballot evidencing votes cast by the proxy committee of the Board of Directors; judge the qualifications of shareholders voting; collect, count, and report the results of ballots cast by any shareholders voting in person; and perform such other duties as may be required by the chairman of the meeting or the shareholders.
Section 2.11 Procedure :
(a) The Chairman of the Board of Directors, or such other officer of the Corporation designated by the Board of Directors, will call meetings of the shareholders to order and will act as presiding officer at the meetings. Unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors prior to the meeting, the presiding officer of the meeting of the shareholders will also determine the order of business and have the authority in his or her sole discretion to regulate the conduct of any such meeting, including without limitation by imposing restrictions on the persons (other than shareholders of the Corporation or their duly appointed proxies) who may attend such shareholders' meeting, by ascertaining whether any shareholder or his, her or its proxy may be excluded from any meeting of the shareholders based upon any determination by the presiding officer, in his or her sole discretion, that any such person has unduly disrupted or is likely to disrupt the proceedings, and by determining the circumstances in which any person may make a statement or ask questions at any meeting of the shareholders.
(b) At an annual meeting of the shareholders, only such business will be conducted or considered as is properly brought before the meeting. To be properly brought before an annual meeting, business must be (i) specified in the notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors in accordance with Section 2.4, (ii) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by the presiding officer or by or at the direction of a majority of the Board of Directors, or (iii) otherwise properly requested to be brought before the meeting by a shareholder in accordance with Section 2.11(c).
(c) For business, including nominations of directors, to be properly requested by a shareholder for consideration at an annual meeting, the shareholder must (i) be a shareholder of record of the Corporation at the time of the giving of the notice for such annual meeting provided for in these Bylaws, (ii) be entitled to vote at such meeting, and (iii) have given timely notice in writing to the Secretary. To be timely, a shareholder's notice (except for a shareholder's notice recommending a director candidate) must be delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not less than 90 nor more than 180 calendar days prior to the annual meeting; provided, however, that in the event public announcement of the date of the annual meeting is not made at least 75 calendar days prior to the date of the annual meeting, notice by the shareholder to be timely must be so received not later than the close of business on the 10th calendar day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the annual meeting. A shareholder's notice recommending a director candidate will be timely if it is received not less than 90 nor more than 180 calendar days before the anniversary of the date on which the Corporation first mailed its proxy materials for the prior year's annual meeting of shareholders. A shareholder's notice to the Secretary must set forth as to each matter the shareholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting (i) a description in reasonable detail of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting, (ii) the name and address, as they appear on the Corporation's books, of the shareholder proposing such business and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made, (iii) the class and number of shares of the Corporation that are owned beneficially and of record by the shareholder proposing such business and by the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made, (iv) any material interest of such
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shareholder proposing such business and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made in such business, and (v) if recommending a director candidate, all information relating to such person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations for proxies for election of directors, or is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), including such person's written consent to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a director, if elected. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.11(c), a shareholder must also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act, and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section 2.11(c). For purposes of this Section 2.11(c), "Public Announcement" means disclosure in a press release reported by a national news service or in a document filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Sections 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act or furnished to shareholders. Nothing in this Section 2.11(c) will be deemed to affect any rights of shareholders to request inclusion of proposals in the Corporation's proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act.
(d) At a special meeting of shareholders, only such business may be conducted or considered as is properly brought before the meeting. To be properly brought before a special meeting, business must be specified in the notice of the meeting (or any supplement thereto) given in accordance with Section 2.4.
(e) The determination of whether any business sought to be brought before any annual or special meeting of the shareholders is properly brought before such meeting in accordance with this Section 2.11 will be made by the presiding officer of such meeting. If the presiding officer determines that any business is not properly brought before such meeting, he or she will so declare to the meeting and any such business will not be conducted or considered.
Section 2.12 Action Without Meeting: Unless otherwise restricted by the Articles of Incorporation or these Bylaws, any action required by the Texas Business Corporation Act, as amended, to be taken at any annual or special meeting of shareholders, or any action that may be taken at any annual or special meeting of shareholders, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holder or holders of shares having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to take such action at a meeting at which the holders of all shares entitled to vote on the action were present and voted.
Section 3.1 Responsibilities: The powers of the Corporation shall be exercised by or under the authority of, and the business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed under the direction of, its Board of Directors.
Section 3.2 Number; Election; Qualification; Term: The number of directors shall be fixed from time to time by the Board of Directors; provided, however, that no decrease in the number of directors shall have the effect of shortening the term of any incumbent director. The directors shall be elected at the annual meeting of the shareholders, as provided in this Section 3.2, except as otherwise provided in Section 3.3. Each director shall hold office until the next annual meeting of shareholders or until his successor shall have been elected and qualified. Unless removed in accordance with the Articles of Incorporation or Section 3.4, each director elected shall hold office for the term for which he or she is elected and until his or her successor shall have been elected and qualified or until his or her earlier death, retirement, resignation or removal for cause in accordance with the provisions of these Bylaws. Directors need not be residents of the State of Texas or shareholders of the Corporation, but they must
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have been nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in these Bylaws in order to be eligible for election as directors.
Section 3.3 Vacancies; Increases: Any vacancy occurring in the Board of Directors (by death, retirement, resignation, removal or otherwise) may be filled by election at an annual or special meeting of shareholders called for that purpose, or by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining directors then in office, though less than a quorum. Each director elected to fill a vacancy shall be elected for the unexpired term of his or her predecessor in office. Any directorship to be filled by reason of an increase in the number of directors may be filled by election at an annual or special meeting of shareholders called for that purpose or by the Board of Directors for a term of office continuing only until the next election of one or more directors by the shareholders; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may not fill more than two such directorships during the period between any two successive annual meetings of shareholders.
Section 3.4 Removal: At any meeting of shareholders called expressly for that purpose, any director may be removed for any reason, with or without cause, by the affirmative vote of the holder or holders of a majority of the combined voting power of the shares entitled to vote thereon.
Section 3.5 Place of Meetings: Meetings of the Board of Directors, regular or special, may be held either within or without the State of Texas.
Section 3.6 Regular Meetings: Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at such time and at such place as shall from time to time be determined by the Board of Directors. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held without notice.
Section 3.7 Special Meetings: Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by the Chairman of the Board or by the President of the Corporation and shall be called by the Secretary on the written request of not less than a majority of the directors then in office. Notice specifying the time and place of special meetings shall be given to each director at least one day before the date of the meeting, either personally or by telephone, mail, telegram or, with consent of the director, electronic transmission.
Section 3.8 Purpose of Meetings: Neither the purpose of, nor the business to be transacted at, any regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors need be specified in the notice or waiver of notice of such meeting.
Section 3.9 Quorum; Majority Vote: At all meetings of the Board of Directors, a majority of the number of the directors fixed in the manner provided in these Bylaws shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business unless a different number is specifically required by the Articles of Incorporation, these Bylaws or applicable law. The act of a majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board of Directors, unless the act of a greater number is required by the Articles of Incorporation, these Bylaws or applicable law. If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the Board of Directors, the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present.
Section 3.10 Procedure: At meetings of the Board of Directors, business shall be transacted in such order as the Board of Directors may determine from time to time. The Chairman of the Board, if such office has been filled, and, if not or if the Chairman of the Board is absent or otherwise unable to act, a chairman chosen by the Board of Directors from among the directors present, will preside over the meetings of the Board. The Secretary of the Corporation shall act as the secretary of the meetings of the Board of Directors unless the Board of Directors appoints another person to act as secretary of the meeting. The Board of Directors shall keep regular minutes of its proceedings which shall be placed in the minute book of the Corporation.
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Section 3.11 Presumption of Assent: A director of the Corporation who is present at a meeting of the Board of Directors at which action on any corporate matter is taken shall be presumed to have assented to the action unless his or her dissent shall be entered in the minutes of the meeting or unless he or she shall file a written dissent to such action with the person acting as secretary of the meeting before the adjournment thereof or shall forward any dissent by certified or registered mail to the Secretary of the Corporation immediately after the adjournment of the meeting. Such right to dissent shall not apply to a director who voted in favor of such action.
Section 3.12 Compensation: The Board of Directors shall have authority to fix the compensation, including fees and reimbursement of expenses, paid to directors for attendance at regular or special meetings of the Board of Directors, any committee thereof or for any other services to the Corporation; provided, however, that nothing contained in these Bylaws shall be construed to preclude any director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity or receiving compensation therefor.
Section 3.13 Committees: The Board of Directors, by resolution adopted by a majority of the full Board of Directors, may designate from among its members one or more committees, each of which shall be comprised of one or more members, and may designate one or more of its members as alternate members of any committee, who may, subject to any limitations imposed by the Board of Directors, replace absent or disqualified members at any meeting of that committee. Any such committee, to the extent provided in such resolution or in the Articles of Incorporation or these Bylaws, shall have and may exercise all of the authority of the Board of Directors, except as otherwise provided by applicable law. The designation of such committee and the delegation thereto of authority shall not operate to relieve the Board of Directors, or any member thereof, of any responsibility imposed by applicable law. Such committee or committees shall have such name or names as may be determined from time to time by resolution adopted by the Board of Directors.
Section 3.14 Committee Procedures: Except as may be otherwise provided in a resolution or resolutions adopted by the Board of Directors, a majority of the members of a committee shall constitute a quorum and a majority vote of the members at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the committee. A committee shall keep minutes of its proceedings, and shall report its proceedings to the Board of Directors when required or when requested by a director to do so.
Section 3.15 Action Without Meeting: Unless otherwise restricted by the Articles of Incorporation or these Bylaws, any action required or permitted to be taken at a meeting of the Board of Directors or any committee may be taken without a meeting if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, is signed by all the members of the Board of Directors or committee, as the case may be. Such consent shall have the same force and effect as a unanimous vote at a meeting.
Section 4.1 Method: Whenever by the Articles of Incorporation, these Bylaws, applicable law or otherwise, notice is required to be given to a director or shareholder, and no provision is made as to how the notice shall be given, it shall not be construed to be personal notice, but any such notice may be given: (a) in writing, (i) by mail, postage prepaid, addressed to the director or shareholder at the last address known by the Corporation for such director or shareholder at the address appearing on the share transfer records of the Corporation, (ii) with consent of the director or shareholder, by electronic transmission or (iii) by telegram, (b) by telephone, or (c) by any other method permitted by law. Any notice required or permitted to be given by mail shall be deemed given at the time when the same is deposited in the United States mail. If electronically transmitted, such notice shall be deemed given when transmitted to a facsimile number or electronic mail address provided by the director or shareholder for the purpose of receiving notice.
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Section 4.2 Waiver: Whenever by the Articles of Incorporation, these Bylaws or applicable law, any notice is required to be given to a director or shareholder, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled to such notice, or in the case of a corporation or other legal entity by its duly authorized representative, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be equivalent to the giving of such notice. Attendance of a director, committee member or shareholder at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where such person attends for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business on the basis that the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.
Section 5.1 Number: The officers of the Corporation shall consist of a President and a Secretary, each of whom shall be elected by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may also elect a Chairman of the Board, a Chief Executive Officer, a Chief Financial Officer, a Treasurer, a General Counsel, a Controller and one or more Vice Presidents and such other officers as it deems necessary or appropriate. The Board of Directors may appoint, and may empower the Chief Executive Officer to appoint, such Assistant Secretaries, Assistant Treasurers, Assistant Controllers and other officers and agents as the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer shall deem necessary or appropriate in the conduct of the affairs of the Corporation with such designations, titles, seniority, duties and responsibilities as the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer shall deem advisable. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person.
Section 5.2 Term; Vacancies: An officer of the Corporation shall hold office until his or her successor is elected and qualified, until his or her death or until he or she shall resign or shall have been removed in accordance with these Bylaws. Any officer elected by the Board of Directors may be removed at any time by the Board of Directors. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the Corporation shall be filled by the Board of Directors.
Section 5.3 Removal: Any officer elected by the Board of Directors may be removed by the Board of Directors whenever in its judgment the best interests of the Corporation will be served thereby. No elected officer shall have any contractual rights against the Corporation for compensation by virtue of such election beyond the date of the election of his or her successor, his or her death, his or her resignation or his or her removal, whichever event shall first occur, except as otherwise provided in an employment contract or under an employee benefit plan.
Section 5.4 Compensation: The compensation of all officers and agents of the Corporation who are also directors of the Corporation shall be fixed by the Board of Directors or a committee thereof. The compensation of the Chief Executive Officer shall be fixed by the Board of Directors or a committee thereof. The compensation of all other officers and agents of the Corporation shall be fixed by the Board of Directors or a committee thereof, or the Board of Directors may delegate the power to fix the compensation of any such other officers and agents of the Corporation to an officer of the Corporation.
Section 5.5 Duties: The officers of the Corporation shall have such authority and shall perform such duties as are customarily incident to their respective offices, or as may be specified from time to time by resolution of the Board of Directors regardless of whether such authority and duties are customarily incident to such office.
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ARTICLE VI
INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
Section 6.1 Indemnification: Each person who is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or while a director or officer of the Corporation is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, partner, venturer, proprietor, trustee, employee, agent or similar functionary of another corporation, employee benefit plan, other enterprise or other entity shall be indemnified by the Corporation to the fullest extent that a corporation is required or permitted to grant indemnification to such person under the Texas Business Corporation Act and the Texas Miscellaneous Corporation Laws Act, as the same exist or may hereafter be amended. Reasonable expenses incurred by a director or officer of the Corporation who was, is or is threatened to be made a named defendant or respondent in a proceeding shall be paid or reimbursed by the Corporation, in advance of the final disposition of the proceeding, to the maximum extent permitted under the Texas Business Corporation Act, as the same exists or may hereafter be amended. The right to indemnification under this Article VI shall be a contract right. In the event of the death of any person having a right of indemnification under this Article VI, such right will inure to the benefit of his or her heirs, executors, administrators and personal representatives. The rights under this Article VI will not be exclusive of any other right which any person may have or hereinafter acquire under any bylaw, resolution of shareholders or directors, agreement, applicable law or otherwise.
ARTICLE VII
CERTIFICATES REPRESENTING SHARES
Section 7.1 Certificates: Certificates for shares of stock of the Corporation shall be in such form as shall be approved by the Board of Directors. The certificates shall be signed by the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or a Vice President and also by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary or the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer. Any and all signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile and each such certificate may be sealed with the seal of the Corporation or a facsimile thereof. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate has ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if he or she were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue. The certificates shall be consecutively numbered and shall be entered in the books of the Corporation as they are issued and shall exhibit the holder's name and the number of shares.
Section 7.2 Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates: The Board of Directors may direct a new certificate or certificates representing shares of stock be issued in place of a certificate or certificates representing shares of stock theretofore issued by the Corporation and alleged to have been lost or destroyed upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate or certificates representing shares of stock that was or were lost or destroyed. When authorizing such issue of a new certificate or certificates, the Board of Directors may in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost or destroyed certificate or certificates, or his or her legal representative, to advertise the same in such manner as it shall require and/or to give the Corporation a bond with a surety or sureties satisfactory to the Corporation in such sum as it may direct as indemnity against any claim or expense resulting from a claim that may be made against the Corporation with respect to the certificate or certificates alleged to have been lost or destroyed.
Section 7.3 Transfer of Shares: Shares of stock of the Corporation shall be transferable only on the books of the Corporation by the holders thereof in person or by their duly authorized attorneys or legal representatives. Upon surrender to the Corporation or the transfer agent of the Corporation of a certificate representing shares duly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignment or authority to transfer, the Corporation or its transfer agent shall issue a new certificate to the person entitled thereto, cancel the old certificate and record the transaction upon its books.
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Section 7.4 Registered Shareholders: The Corporation shall be entitled to treat the holder of record of any share or shares of stock as the holder in fact thereof and, accordingly, shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by applicable law.
Section 7.5 Regulations: The Board of Directors shall have the power and authority to make all such rules and regulations as it may deem expedient concerning the issue, transfer and registration or the replacement of certificates for shares of stock of the Corporation.
Section 7.6 Legends: The Board of Directors shall have the power and authority to provide that the certificates representing shares of stock of the Corporation bear such legends as the Board of Directors deems appropriate to assure that the Corporation does not become liable for violations of federal or state securities laws or other applicable law.
ARTICLE VIII
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section 8.1 Distributions and Share Dividends: Subject to any provision of the Articles of Incorporation or applicable law, distributions (in the form of cash or property) or share dividends may be declared by the Board of Directors at any regular or special meeting.
Section 8.2 Checks: All checks, demands for money and notes of the Corporation shall be signed by such officer or officers or such other person or persons as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate.
Section 8.3 Fiscal Year: The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be fixed by resolution of the Board of Directors; provided, however, that if such fiscal year is not fixed by the Board of Directors and the Board of Directors does not defer determination of the fiscal year, the fiscal year shall be the calendar year.
Section 8.4 Seal: The Board of Directors may adopt a corporate seal and use the same by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed, affixed, reproduced or otherwise.
Section 8.5 Resignation: Any director, committee member or officer may resign by so stating at any meeting of the Board of Directors or by giving written notice to the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or the Secretary. Such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein, or immediately if no time is specified therein. Unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.
Section 8.6 Telephone and Similar Meetings: Unless otherwise restricted by the Articles of Incorporation, members of the Board of Directors or members of any committee of the Board of Directors may participate in and hold a meeting of the Board of Directors or committee, as the case may be, by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in such a meeting shall constitute presence in person at the meeting, except where a person participates in the meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business on the basis that the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.
Section 8.7 Amendment of Bylaws: The Board of Directors may amend or repeal these Bylaws, or adopt new bylaws, unless (a) such power shall be reserved exclusively to the shareholders in whole or part by the Articles of Incorporation or by applicable law or, (b) the shareholders in amending repealing or adopting a particular bylaw shall have expressly provided that the Board of Directors may not amend or repeal that bylaw. Unless the Articles of Incorporation or a bylaw adopted by the shareholders shall provide otherwise as to all or some portion of the Corporation's bylaws, the shareholders may amend, repeal or adopt (but only by the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than two-thirds of the combined voting power of the shares entitled to vote thereon) the Corporation's bylaws even though the bylaws may also be amended, repealed or adopted by the Board of Directors.
Dated: January , 2006 | Attest: | |||
Stephen F. Smith Secretary |
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Exhibit 4.10
COMMON STOCK |
COMMON STOCK
PAR VALUE $0.001 |
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[GRAPHIC] NUMBER |
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[GRAPHIC] EXCO Resources, Inc. |
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[GRAPHIC] SHARES |
THIS CERTIFICATE IS TRANSFERABLE IN NEW YORK, NY |
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EXCO RESOURCES, INC. INCORPORATED UNDER THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF TEXAS |
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SEE REVERSE FOR CERTAIN DEFINITIONS CUSIP |
THIS CERTIFIES THAT
is the record holder of
FULLY PAID AND NON-ASSESSABLE SHARES OF COMMON STOCK, $0.001 PAR VALUE PER SHARE, OF
EXCO RESOURCES, INC.
transferable on the books of the Corporation by the holder hereof, in person or by duly authorized attorney, upon surrender of this certificate properly endorsed. This certificate is not valid unless countersigned and registered by the Transfer Agent and Registrar. This certificate and the shares represented hereby are issued and shall be held subject to all of the terms, conditions, and limitations of the Articles of Incorporation and the Bylaws of the Corporation as restated or amended, or as same may be restated or amended hereafter to all of which the holder hereof by acceptance hereof agrees and assents.
Witness the facsimile seal of the Corporation and the facsimile signatures of its duly authorized officers.
CERTIFICATE OF STOCK
DATED:
/s/
STEPHEN F. SMITH
PRESIDENT AND SECRETARY |
EXCO Resources, Inc.
CORPORATE SEAL X STATE OF TEXAS |
Countersigned and Registered: | ||||
CONTINENTAL STOCK TRANSFER & TRUST COMPANY
(JERSEY CITY, NJ) |
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TRANSFER AGENT AND REGISTRAR | ||||
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By |
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Authorized Officer |
EXCO RESOURCES, INC.
A full statement of all the designations, preferences, limitations, and relative rights of the shares of each class or series of stock of this Corporation, to the extent they have been fixed and determined, and the authority of the Board of Directors to fix and determine the designations, preferences, limitations, and relative rights of subsequent series, is set forth in the Articles of Incorporation on file in the office of the Secretary of State of the state of Texas. The Corporation will furnish a copy of such statement without charge to each shareholder who so requests in writing to the Corporation at its principle place of business or registered office.
The following abbreviations, when used in the inscription on the face of this certificate, shall be construed as though they were written out in full according to applicable laws or regulations:
TEN COM | -as tenants in common | Custodian | ||||
UNIF GIFT MIN ACT | - | |||||
TEN ENT | -as tenants by the entireties | (Cust) (Minor) | ||||
JT TEN | -as joint tenants with right of | under Uniform Gifts to Minors Act | ||||
survivorship and not as tenants in | ||||||
common |
(State) |
Additional abbreviations may also be used though not in the above list.
For value received hereby sell, assign and transfer unto
Please
insert social security or other identifying number of assignee.
Please print or typewrite name and address including zip code of assignee:
shares of capital stock represented by the within Certificate and do hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint Attorney to transfer the said stock on the books of the within named Company with full power of substitution in the premises.
Dated
NOTICE : THE SIGNATURE TO THIS ASSIGNMENT MUST CORRESPOND WITH THE NAME AS WRITTEN UPON THE FACE OF THE CERTIFICATE IN EVERY PARTICULAR, WITHOUT ALTERATION OR ENLARGEMENT OR ANY CHANGE WHATEVER. |
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NOTICE : THE SIGNATURE TO THIS ASSIGNMENT MUST CORRESPOND WITH THE NAME AS WRITTEN UPON THE FACE OF THE CERTIFICATE IN EVERY PARTICULAR, WITHOUT ALTERATION OR ENLARGEMENT OR ANY CHANGE WHATEVER. |
By | ||||
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THE SIGNATURE(S) SHOULD BE GUARANTEED BY AN ELIGIBLE GUARANTOR INSTITUTION (BANK, STOCKBROKERS, SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATIONS OR CREDIT UNIONS WITH MEMBERSHIP IN AN APPROVED SIGNATURE GUARANTEE MEDALLION |
KEEP THIS CERTIFICATE IN A SAFE PLACE. IF IT IS LOST, STOLEN, MUTILATED OR DESTROYED, THE CORPORATION WILL REQUIRE A BOND OF INDEMNITY AS A CONDITION TO THE ISSUANCE OF A REPLACEMENT CERTIFICATE.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Exhibit 10.47
FIRST AMENDED AND RESTATED
REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT
by and among
EXCO HOLDINGS INC.
and
THE INITIAL HOLDERS SPECIFIED
ON THE SIGNATURE PAGES HEREOF
Dated as of December 30, 2005
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FIRST AMENDED AND RESTATED REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT (the " Agreement ") originally dated as of October 3, 2005, and amended and restated as of December 30, 2005, by and among EXCO Holdings Inc., a Delaware corporation and successor by merger to EXCO Holdings II, Inc. (the " Company "), the investors specified on the signature pages hereof (each, an " Investor ," and together the " Investors ") and the management holders specified on the signature pages hereof (the " Management Holders " and together with the Investors, the " Initial Holders ").
W I T N E S S E T H :
WHEREAS, the Company, as successor by merger, and the Initial Holders are parties to a Registration Rights Agreement dated as of October 3, 2005;
WHEREAS, the Company and the Initial Holders desire to amend Section 2.1 of the Registration Rights Agreement to facilitate the Company's planned initial public offering of Common Shares and to make certain other changes to the Registration Rights Agreement related to the amendments to Section 2.1;
WHEREAS, Section 6.4 of the Registration Rights Agreement provides that said agreement may be amended upon the written consent of the Company, the Majority Investor Holders (as defined therein) and the Majority Management Holders (as defined therein);
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and of the mutual agreements contained herein, and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto agree to amend and restate the Registration Rights Agreement in its entirety as follows:
As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
" Affiliate " shall mean with respect to any Person, any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such Person, and with respect to any individual, shall mean his or her spouse, sibling, child, step child, grandchild, niece, nephew or parent of such Person, or the spouse thereof. For purposes of this definition, "control" (including, with correlative meanings, the terms "controlling," "controlled by" and "under common control with"), as used with respect to any Person, shall mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by agreement or otherwise; provided , however , that beneficial ownership of 20% or more of the voting securities of a Person shall be deemed to be control.
" Blackout Period " shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.7.
" Certificate of Incorporation " shall mean the Certificate of Incorporation (as the same may be amended or restated) of the Company, as filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.
" Common Shares " shall mean shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Company.
" Company " shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble.
" Demand Registration " shall mean a registration required to be effected by the Company pursuant to Section 2.2.
" Demand Registration Statement " shall mean a registration statement of the Company which covers the Registrable Securities requested to be included therein pursuant to the provisions of Section 2.2 and all amendments and supplements to such registration statement, including post-effective amendments, in each case including the Prospectus contained therein, all exhibits thereto and all material incorporated by reference (or deemed to be incorporated by reference) therein.
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" Exchange Act " shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time, and the rules and regulations thereunder, or any successor statute.
" Founders Shares " shall mean the Common Shares issued to certain stockholders on or about August 19, 2005, as set forth on Schedule 1 hereto.
" Holders " shall mean each of the Initial Holders for so long as it owns any Registrable Securities and such of its respective heirs, successors and permitted assigns (including any permitted transferees of Registrable Securities) who acquire or are otherwise the transferee of Registrable Securities, directly or indirectly, from such Initial Holder (or any subsequent Holder), for so long as such heirs, successors and permitted assigns own any Registrable Securities. For purposes of this Agreement, a Person will be deemed to be a Holder whenever such Person holds Registrable Securities, an option to purchase, or a security convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, Registrable Securities, whether or not such purchase, conversion, exercise or exchange has actually been effected and disregarding any legal restrictions upon the exercise of such rights. Registrable Securities issuable upon exercise of an option or upon conversion, exchange or exercise of another security shall be deemed outstanding for the purposes of this Agreement.
" Holders' Counsel " shall mean one firm of counsel (per registration) to the Holders of Registrable Securities participating in such registration, which counsel shall be selected (i) in the case of a Demand Registration or a Resale Registration, by the Initiating Holders holding a majority of the Registrable Securities for which registration was requested in the Request, and (ii) in all other cases, by the Majority Holders of the Registration.
" Incidental Registration " shall mean a registration required to be effected by the Company pursuant to Section 2.3.
" Incidental Registration Statement " shall mean a registration statement of the Company which covers the Registrable Securities requested to be included therein pursuant to the provisions of Section 2.3 and all amendments and supplements to such registration statement, including post-effective amendments, in each case including the Prospectus contained therein, all exhibits thereto and all material incorporated by reference (or deemed to be incorporated by reference) therein.
" Initial Holders " shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble.
" Initial Public Offering " shall mean the first public offering of any class of equity securities of the Company (or any successor or assign of the Company, whether by merger, consolidation, sale of assets or otherwise) pursuant to a registration statement filed with and declared effective by the SEC.
" Initiating Holders " shall mean, with respect to a particular registration, the Holders who initiated the Resale Request or Request for such registration.
" Inspectors " shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.1(g).
" Investors " shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble.
" Investor Holders " shall mean each of the Investors and its respective Affiliates for so long as it owns any Registrable Securities and such of its respective successors and permitted assigns (including any Permitted Transferees of Registrable Securities) who acquire or are otherwise the transferee of Registrable Securities, directly or indirectly, from such Investor (or any subsequent holder), for so long as such successors and permitted assigns own any Registrable Securities.
" Majority Holders " shall mean one or more Holders of Registrable Securities who would hold a majority of the Registrable Securities then outstanding.
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" Majority Holders of the Registration " shall mean, with respect to a particular registration, one or more Holders of Registrable Securities who would hold a majority of the Registrable Securities to be included in such registration.
" Majority Investor Holders " shall mean one or more Investor Holders who hold a majority of the Registrable Securities then outstanding and held by the Investor Holders.
" Majority Management Holders " shall mean one or more Management Holders who hold a majority of the Registrable Securities then outstanding and held by the Management Holders.
" Management Holders " shall have the meaning set forth in the preamble.
" NASD " shall mean the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.
" Person " shall mean any individual, firm, partnership, corporation, trust, joint venture, association, joint stock company, limited liability company, unincorporated organization or any other entity or organization, including a government or agency or political subdivision thereof, and shall include any successor (by merger or otherwise) of such entity.
" Prospectus " shall mean the prospectus included in a Registration Statement (including, without limitation, any preliminary prospectus and any prospectus that includes any information previously omitted from a prospectus filed as part of an effective registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A promulgated under the Securities Act), and any such Prospectus as amended or supplemented by any prospectus supplement, and all other amendments and supplements to such Prospectus, including post-effective amendments, and in each case including all material incorporated by reference (or deemed to be incorporated by reference) therein.
" Purchase Agreements " means those certain Stock Purchase Agreements among EXCO Holdings II, Inc., the Investors and the Management Holders dated as of September 30, 2005.
" Registrable Securities " shall mean (i) any Common Shares issued to the Initial Holders or any Affiliate thereof pursuant to the Purchase Agreements, (ii) any Common Shares otherwise or hereafter purchased or acquired by the Holders or their Affiliates and (iii) any other securities of the Company (or any successor or assign of the Company, whether by merger, consolidation, sale of assets or otherwise) which may be issued or issuable with respect to, in exchange for, or in substitution of, Registrable Securities referenced in clauses (i) through (ii) above by reason of any dividend or stock split, combination of shares, merger, consolidation, recapitalization, reclassification, reorganization, sale of assets or similar transaction; provided, however, that Founders Shares are subject to limitations as set forth herein. As to any particular Registrable Securities, such securities shall cease to be Registrable Securities when (A) a registration statement with respect to the sale of such securities shall have been declared effective under the Securities Act and such securities shall have been disposed of in accordance with such registration statement, (B) such securities are sold pursuant to Rule 144 (or any similar provisions then in force) under the Securities Act, (C) such securities have been otherwise transferred and a new certificate or other evidence of ownership for them that does not bear the legend restricting further transfer has been delivered by the Company and subsequent public distribution of them shall not require registration under the Securities Act, or (D) such securities shall have ceased to be outstanding.
" Registration Expenses " shall mean any and all expenses incident to performance of or compliance with this Agreement by the Company and its subsidiaries, including, without limitation (i) all SEC, stock exchange, NASD and other registration, listing and filing fees, (ii) all fees and expenses incurred in connection with compliance with state securities or blue sky laws and compliance with the rules of any stock exchange (including fees and disbursements of counsel in connection with such compliance and the preparation of a blue sky memorandum and legal investment survey), (iii) all expenses of any Persons in preparing or assisting in preparing, word processing, printing, distributing, mailing and
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delivering any Registration Statement, any Prospectus, any underwriting agreements, transmittal letters, securities sales agreements, securities certificates and other documents relating to the performance of or compliance with this Agreement, (iv) the fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company, (v) the fees and disbursements of Holders' Counsel, (vi) the fees and disbursements of all independent public accountants (including the expenses of any audit and/or "cold comfort" letters) and the fees and expenses of other Persons, including experts, retained by the Company, (vii) the expenses incurred in connection with making road show presentations and holding meetings with potential investors to facilitate the distribution and sale of Registrable Securities which are customarily borne by the issuer, (viii) any fees and disbursements of underwriters customarily paid by issuers or sellers of securities, and (ix) premiums and other costs of policies of insurance against liabilities arising out of the public offering of the Registrable Securities being registered; provided , however , Registration Expenses shall not include discounts and commissions payable to underwriters, selling brokers, dealer managers or other similar Persons engaged in the distribution of any of the Registrable Securities; and provided further , that in any case where Registration Expenses are not to be borne by the Company, such expenses shall not include salaries of Company personnel or general overhead expenses of the Company, auditing fees, premiums or other expenses relating to liability insurance required by underwriters of the Company or other expenses for the preparation of financial statements or other data normally prepared by the Company in the ordinary course of its business or which the Company would have incurred in any event; and provided , further , that in the event the Company shall, in accordance with Section 2.3 or Section 2.7 hereof, not register any securities with respect to which it had given written notice of its intention to register to Holders, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the foregoing, all of the costs incurred by the Holders in connection with such registration shall be deemed to be Registration Expenses.
" Registration Statement " shall mean any registration statement of the Company which covers any Registrable Securities and all amendments and supplements to any such Registration Statement, including post-effective amendments, in each case including the Prospectus contained therein, all exhibits thereto and all material incorporated by reference (or deemed to be incorporated by reference) therein.
" Request " shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.2(a).
" Resale Registration " shall mean a registration required to be effected by the Company pursuant to Section 2.1(a).
" Resale Request " shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.1(a).
" S-3 Shelf Registration Statement " shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.1(c).
" SEC " shall mean the Securities and Exchange Commission, or any successor agency having jurisdiction to enforce the Securities Act.
" Securities Act " shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended from time to time, and the rules and regulations thereunder, or any successor statute.
" Shelf Registration " shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.2(a).
" Stockholders' Agreement " means that certain Stockholders' Agreement, dated as of October 3, 2005, among EXCO Holdings II, Inc. and the Initial Holders.
" Underwriters " shall mean the underwriters, if any, of the offering being registered under the Securities Act.
" Underwritten Offering " shall mean a sale of securities of the Company to an Underwriter or Underwriters for reoffering to the public.
" Withdrawn Demand Registration " shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.2(a).
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" Withdrawn Request " shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.2(a).
2. REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT.
2.1. Resale Registration; Shelf Registration.
(a) Resale Registration . At any time commencing on or after 180 days after the completion (disregarding any underwriter over-allotment rights) of an Initial Public Offering, any Holder shall have the right to request in writing that the Company register up to one-third of such Holder's Registrable Securities (a " Resale Request ") (which Resale Request shall specify the amount of Registrable Securities intended to be disposed of by such Holder and the intended method of disposition thereof) by filing with the SEC a Registration Statement on Form S-3 (or such other form as the Company shall be eligible to use) for a public offering of such shares of Registrable Securities held by the Holder, and shall use its best efforts to register under the Securities Act for public sale (including, without limitation, by means of a Shelf Registration) such Registrable Securities of such Holder; provided , that if such registration is for an Underwritten Offering, the terms of Sections 2.2(b) and 2.2(d) shall apply (and any reference to "Demand Registration" therein shall, for purposes of this Section 2.1, instead be deemed a reference to "Resale Registration"). As promptly as practicable, but no later than 10 days after receipt of the Resale Request, the Company shall give written notice of such requested registration to all other Holders of Registrable Securities. The Company shall include in the Resale Registration (i) the Registrable Securities intended to be disposed of by the Initiating Holder and (ii) the Registrable Securities intended to be disposed of by any other Holder which shall have made a written request (which request shall specify the amount of Registrable Securities to be registered (but not to exceed one-third of such Holder's Registrable Securities) and the intended method of disposition thereof) to the Company for inclusion thereof in such registration within 20 days after the receipt of such written notice from the Company. The Company is only obligated to fulfill the first Resale Request following expiration of the initial 180 day waiting period. Accordingly, once an Initiating Holder has made a Resale Request and the Company has sent the required notice of such Resale Request to all other Holders, such other Holders may elect to participate in the registration or not, but such Holders will not have the right to make a separate Resale Request until after the expiration of the 365 day or 540 day waiting periods described below. The Company shall, as expeditiously as possible following a Resale Request, use its best efforts to cause to be filed with the SEC a Registration Statement providing for the registration under the Securities Act of the Registrable Securities which the Company has been so requested to register by all such Holders, to the extent necessary to permit the disposition of such Registrable Securities so to be registered in accordance with the intended methods of disposition thereof specified in such Request or further requests (including, without limitation, by means of a shelf registration pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act (a " Shelf Registration ") if so requested and if the Company is then eligible to use such a registration). The Company shall use its best efforts to have such Registration Statement declared effective by the SEC as soon as practicable thereafter and to keep such Resale Registration Statement continuously effective for the period specified in Section 4.1(b). If the sole or lead managing Underwriter (if any) or the Majority Holders of the Registration shall advise the Company in writing that in its opinion additional disclosure not required by Form S-3 (or such other form as the Company shall be eligible to used) is of material importance to the success of the offering, then such Registration Statement shall include such additional disclosure. Any Holder requesting inclusion in a registration effected pursuant to this Section 2.1(a) may, at any time up to and including the time of pricing of the Registration Statement (and for any reason) revoke such request by delivering written notice to the Company revoking such requested inclusion.
At any time commencing on or after 365 days after the completion (disregarding any underwriter over-allotment rights) of an Initial Public Offering, any Holder shall have the same right as set forth above to request registration of up to an additional one-third of such Holder's shares of Registrable Securities initially covered by this Agreement (not one-third of the
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unregistered securities then remaining) in the same manner as provided in the immediately preceding paragraph. A similar demand right shall be invocable by any Holder with respect to its remaining shares of Registrable Securities commencing 540 days after completion (disregarding any underwriter over-allotment rights) of an Initial Public Offering. The Company shall have the same obligation as described above to send to all other Holders notice of any such subsequent Resale Request and all other Holders shall have the same right to request registration of up to one-third of their Registrable Securities upon each Company notice of a Resale Request. As described above, the Company is only obligated to fulfill one Resale Request following the expiration of each of the 365 day and 540 day waiting periods. Any Holder requesting inclusion in a registration effected pursuant to this Section 2.1(a) may, at any time up to and including the time of pricing of the Registration Statement (and for any reason) revoke such request by delivering written notice to the Company revoking such requested inclusion.
Following the Company's Initial Public Offering, the Company can make written request to J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. (or the lead underwriter and sole stabilization agent of the Initial Public Offering if other than J.P. Morgan Securities Inc.; J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. or such other lead underwriter being the " Lead Underwriter ") to waive the registration waiting periods and registration volume limitations set forth in Section 2.1(a). Upon or without such request, the Lead Underwriter in its sole discretion and based upon its evaluation of market conditions, the historical trading activity and liquidity of the Common Shares and other considerations it deems relevant, can determine to waive continued application of the registration waiting periods and registration volume limitations in this Section 2.1(a).
Whenever the Company shall effect a registration pursuant to a Resale Request, no securities other than the Registrable Securities shall be covered by such registration unless the Majority Holders of the Registration shall have consented in writing to the inclusion of such other securities.
The registration rights granted pursuant to the provisions of this Section 2.1(a) shall be in addition to the registration rights granted pursuant to the other provisions of this Section 2.
(b) Shelf Registration . If (i) the Resale Registration Statement filed pursuant to Section 2.1(a) or (ii) a Request made pursuant to Section 2.2 is for a Shelf Registration, the Company shall use its best efforts to keep the Shelf Registration continuously effective through the date on which all of the Registrable Securities covered by such Shelf Registration may be sold pursuant to Rule 144(k) under the Securities Act (or any successor provision having similar effect); provided , however , that prior to the termination of such Shelf Registration, the Company shall first furnish to each Holder of Registrable Securities participating in such Shelf Registration (i) an opinion, in form and substance satisfactory to the Majority Holders of the Registration, of counsel for the Company satisfactory to the Majority Holders of the Registration stating that such Registrable Securities are freely saleable pursuant to Rule 144(k) under the Securities Act (or any successor provision having similar effect) or (ii) a "No-Action Letter" from the staff of the SEC stating that the SEC would not recommend enforcement action if the Registrable Securities included in such Shelf Registration were sold in a public sale other than pursuant to an effective registration statement.
(c) Shelf Registration Statement . In the event the Resale Registration effected pursuant to Section 2.1(a) shall be on a form other than Form S-3 or any successor form thereto, then the Company may, at any time it is eligible to do so, or shall, if eligible, upon the written request of the Holders of at least 25% of the Registrable Securities originally issued pursuant to the Purchase Agreements, file a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 for the resale of any then existing Registrable Securities or, if permitted by the Commission, file a post-effective amendment on Form S-3 to the Resale Registration (the " S-3 Shelf Registration Statement "). Upon the effectiveness of the S-3 Shelf Registration Statement, the Company shall no longer be required to keep effective the Resale Registration Statement and all references to the Resale Registration Statement in this Agreement shall then automatically be deemed to be a reference to the S-3 Shelf Registration Statement.
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(a) Right to Demand Registration . Subject to Section 2.2(c) and only if an Initial Public Offering has not been previously completed, at any time commencing on or after the first anniversary of the date hereof, the Majority Investor Holders or the Majority Management Holders shall have the right to request in writing that the Company register all or part of such Holders' Registrable Securities (a " Request ") (which Request shall specify the amount of Registrable Securities intended to be disposed of by such Holders and the intended method of disposition thereof) by filing with the SEC a Demand Registration Statement. As promptly as practicable, but no later than 10 days after receipt of a Request, the Company shall give written notice of such requested registration to all Holders of Registrable Securities. Subject to Section 2.2(b), the Company shall include in a Demand Registration (i) the Registrable Securities intended to be disposed of by the Initiating Holders and (ii) the Registrable Securities intended to be disposed of by any other Holder which shall have made a written request (which request shall specify the amount of Registrable Securities to be registered and the intended method of disposition thereof) to the Company for inclusion thereof in such registration within 20 days after the receipt of such written notice from the Company. The Company shall, as expeditiously as possible following a Request, use its best efforts to cause to be filed with the SEC a Demand Registration Statement providing for the registration under the Securities Act of the Registrable Securities which the Company has been so requested to register by all such Holders, to the extent necessary to permit the disposition of such Registrable Securities so to be registered in accordance with the intended methods of disposition thereof specified in such Request or further requests (including, without limitation, by means of a shelf registration pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act (a " Shelf Registration ") if so requested and if the Company is then eligible to use such a registration). The Company shall use its best efforts to have such Demand Registration Statement declared effective by the SEC as soon as practicable thereafter and to keep such Demand Registration Statement continuously effective for the period specified in Section 4.1(b).
A Request may be withdrawn prior to the filing of the Demand Registration Statement by the Majority Holders of the Registration (a " Withdrawn Request ") and a Demand Registration Statement may be withdrawn up to and including the time of pricing by the Majority Holders of the Registration (a " Withdrawn Demand Registration "), and such withdrawals shall be treated as a Demand Registration which shall have been effected pursuant to this Section 2.2, unless the Holders of Registrable Securities to be included in such Registration Statement reimburse the Company for its reasonable out-of-pocket Registration Expenses relating to the preparation and filing of such Demand Registration Statement (to the extent actually incurred), provided ; however , that if a Withdrawn Request or Withdrawn Demand Registration is made (A) because of a material adverse change in the business, financial condition or prospects of the Company, or (B) because the sole or lead managing Underwriter advises that the amount of Registrable Securities to be sold in such offering be reduced pursuant to Section 2.2(b) by more than 20% of the Registrable Securities to be included in such Registration Statement, or (C) because of a postponement of such registration pursuant to Section 2.7, then such withdrawal shall not be treated as a Demand Registration effected pursuant to this Section 2.2 (and shall not be counted toward the number of Demand Registrations), and the Company shall pay all Registration Expenses in connection therewith. Any Holder requesting inclusion in a Demand Registration may, at any time up to and including the time of pricing of the Demand Registration Statement (and for any reason) revoke such request by delivering written notice to the Company revoking such requested inclusion.
The registration rights granted pursuant to the provisions of this Section 2.2 shall be in addition to the registration rights granted pursuant to the other provisions of Section 2 hereof.
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(b) Priority in Demand Registrations . If a Demand Registration involves an Underwritten Offering, and the sole or lead managing Underwriter, as the case may be, of such Underwritten Offering shall advise the Company in writing (with a copy to each Holder requesting registration) on or before the date five days prior to the date then scheduled for such offering that, in its opinion, the amount of Registrable Securities requested to be included in such Demand Registration exceeds the number which can be sold in such offering within a price range acceptable to the Majority Holders of the Registration (such writing to state the basis of such opinion and the approximate number of Registrable Securities which may be included in such offering), the Company shall include in such Demand Registration, to the extent of the number which the Company is so advised may be included in such offering, the Registrable Securities requested to be included in the Demand Registration by the Holders allocated pro rata in proportion to the number of Registrable Securities requested to be included in such Demand Registration by each of them. In the event the Company shall not, by virtue of this Section 2.2(b), include in any Demand Registration all of the Registrable Securities of any Holder requesting to be included in such Demand Registration, such Holder may, upon written notice to the Company given within five days of the time such Holder first is notified of such matter, reduce the amount of Registrable Securities it desires to have included in such Demand Registration, whereupon only the Registrable Securities, if any, it desires to have included will be so included and the Holders not so reducing shall be entitled to a corresponding increase in the amount of Registrable Securities to be included in such Demand Registration.
(c) Limitations on Registrations . The rights of the Majority Investor Holders and the Majority Management Holders to request Demand Registrations pursuant to Section 2.2(a) are subject to the limitation that in no event shall the Company be obligated to pay Registration Expenses of more than three Demand Registrations initiated by the Majority Investor Holders or three Demand Registrations initiated by the Majority Management Holders; provided , however , (i) that to the extent the Company does not include in what would otherwise be the final registration for which the Company is required to pay Registration Expenses the number of Registrable Securities requested to be registered by the Holders by reason of Section 2.2(b) such number of Demand Registrations shall be increased once for each such occurrence and (ii) the Initiating Holders shall be deemed not to have expended a Demand Registration right to the extent the Company terminates a Shelf Registration pursuant to Section 2.1(b) prior to the time that all Registrable Securities covered by such Shelf Registration have been sold.
(d) Underwriting; Selection of Underwriters . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in Section 2.2(a), if the Initiating Holders so elect, the offering of such Registrable Securities pursuant to such Demand Registration shall be in the form of a firm commitment Underwritten Offering; and such Initiating Holders may require that all Persons (including other Holders) participating in such registration sell their Registrable Securities to the Underwriters at the same price and on the same terms of underwriting applicable to the Initiating Holders. Except to the extent the Company has otherwise already agreed to hire designated Underwriters as required by the terms of the financing required to consummate the Stockholder Agreements, if any Demand Registration involves an Underwritten Offering, the sole or managing Underwriters and any additional investment bankers and managers to be used in connection with such registration shall be selected by the Initiating Holders holding a majority of the Registrable Securities for which registration was requested in the Request, subject to the approval of the Company (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld).
(e) Registration of Other Securities . Whenever the Company shall effect a Demand Registration, no securities other than the Registrable Securities shall be covered by such registration unless the Majority Holders of the Registration shall have consented in writing to the inclusion of such other securities.
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(f) Effective Registration Statement; Suspension . A Demand Registration Statement shall not be deemed to have become effective (and the related registration will not be deemed to have been effected) (i) unless it has been declared effective by the SEC and remains effective in compliance with the provisions of the Securities Act with respect to the disposition of all Registrable Securities covered by such Demand Registration Statement for the time period specified in Section 4.1(b), (ii) if the offering of any Registrable Securities pursuant to such Demand Registration Statement is interfered with by any stop order, injunction or other order or requirement of the SEC or any other governmental agency or court, or (iii) if, in the case of an Underwritten Offering, the conditions to closing specified in an underwriting agreement to which the Company is a party are not satisfied other than by the sole reason of any breach or failure by the Holders of Registrable Securities or are not otherwise waived.
(g) Other Registrations . During the period (i) beginning on the date of a Request and (ii) ending on the date that is 90 days after the date that a Demand Registration Statement filed pursuant to such Request has been declared effective by the SEC or, if the Majority Holders of the Registration shall withdraw such Request or such Demand Registration Statement, on the date of such Withdrawn Request or such Withdrawn Registration Statement, the Company shall not, without the consent of the Majority Holders of the Registration, file a registration statement pertaining to any other securities of the Company.
(h) Registration Statement Form . Registrations under this Section 2.2 shall be on such appropriate registration form of the SEC (i) as shall be selected by the Initiating Holders holding a majority of the Registrable Securities for which registration was requested in the Request, and (ii) which shall be available for the sale of Registrable Securities in accordance with the intended method or methods of disposition specified in the requests for registration. The Company agrees to include in any such Registration Statement all information which any selling participating Holder, upon advice of counsel, shall reasonably request.
(i) Sale of Founders Shares . Each Holder of Founder Shares may only sell his or her Founders Shares pursuant to an effective Registration Statement covering the resale of such Founders Shares and may not sell his or her shares pursuant to Rule 144 or any other exemption from registration or otherwise until after the third anniversary of this Agreement.
(a) Right to Include Registrable Securities . If the Company at any time or from time to time proposes to register any of its securities under the Securities Act (other than pursuant to an Initial Public Offering or in a registration on Form S-4 or S-8 or any successor form to such forms and other than pursuant to Section 2.1 or 2.2) and files (i) a shelf registration statement or (ii) a registration statement, other than a shelf registration statement, or proposes to do a take down off of an effective shelf registration statement, whether or not pursuant to registration rights granted to other holders of its securities and whether or not for sale for its own account, the Company shall deliver prompt written notice (which notice shall be given at least 45 days prior to the filing of such registration statement or 5 days prior to the filing of any preliminary prospectus supplement pursuant to Rule 424(b), or the prospectus supplement pursuant to Rule 424(b) (if no preliminary prospectus supplement is used)) to all Holders of Registrable Securities of its intention to undertake such registration or offering, describing in reasonable detail the proposed registration and distribution (including the anticipated range of the proposed offering price, the class and number of securities proposed to be registered and the distribution arrangements) and of such Holders' right to participate in such registration under this Section 2.3 as hereinafter provided. Subject to the other provisions of this paragraph (a) and Section 2.3(b), upon the written request of any Holder made within 20 days after the receipt of such written notice (which request shall specify the amount of Registrable Securities to be registered and the intended method of disposition thereof), the Company shall effect the registration under the Securities Act of all
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Registrable Securities requested by Holders to be so registered (an " Incidental Registration "), to the extent requisite to permit the disposition (in accordance with the intended methods thereof as aforesaid) of the Registrable Securities so to be registered, by inclusion of such Registrable Securities in the Registration Statement which covers the securities which the Company proposes to register and shall cause such Registration Statement to become and remain effective with respect to such Registrable Securities in accordance with the registration procedures set forth in Section 4. If an Incidental Registration involves an Underwritten Offering, immediately upon notification to the Company from the Underwriter of the price at which such securities are to be sold, the Company shall so advise each participating Holder. The Holders requesting inclusion in an Incidental Registration may, at any time up to and including the time of pricing of the Incidental Registration Statement (and for any reason), revoke such request by delivering written notice to the Company revoking such requested inclusion.
If at any time after giving written notice of its intention to register any securities and up to and including the time of pricing of the Incidental Registration Statement filed in connection with such registration, the Company shall determine for any reason not to register or to delay registration of such securities, the Company may, at its election, give written notice of such determination to each Holder of Registrable Securities and, thereupon, (A) in the case of a determination not to register, the Company shall be relieved of its obligation to register any Registrable Securities in connection with such registration (but not from its obligation to pay the Registration Expenses incurred in connection therewith), without prejudice, however, to the rights of Holders to cause such registration to be effected as a registration under Section 2.1(a) or 2.2, and (B) in the case of a determination to delay such registration, the Company shall be permitted to delay the registration of such Registrable Securities for the same period as the delay in registering such other securities; provided , however , that if such delay shall extend beyond 120 days from the date the Company received a request to include Registrable Securities in such Incidental Registration, then the Company shall again give all Holders the opportunity to participate therein and shall follow the notification procedures set forth in the preceding paragraph. There is no limitation on the number of such Incidental Registrations pursuant to this Section 2.3 which the Company is obligated to effect.
The registration rights granted pursuant to the provisions of this Section 2.3 shall be in addition to the registration rights granted pursuant to the other provisions of Section 2 hereof.
(b) Priority in Incidental Registration . If an Incidental Registration involves an Underwritten Offering (on a firm commitment basis), and the sole or the lead managing Underwriter, as the case may be, of such Underwritten Offering shall advise the Company in writing (with a copy to each Holder requesting registration) on or before the date five days prior to the date then scheduled for such offering that, in its opinion, the amount of securities (including Registrable Securities) requested to be included in such registration exceeds the amount which can be sold in such offering without materially interfering with the successful marketing of the securities being offered (such writing to state the basis of such opinion and the approximate number of such securities which may be included in such offering without such effect), the Company shall include in such registration, to the extent of the number which the Company is so advised may be included in such offering without such effect, (i) in the case of a registration initiated by the Company, (A) first, the securities that the Company proposes to register for its own account, (B) second the Registrable Securities requested to be included in such registration by the Holders, allocated pro rata in proportion to the number of Registrable Securities requested to be included in such registration by each of them, and (C) third, other securities of the Company to be registered on behalf of any other Person, and (ii) in the case of a registration initiated by a Person other than the Company, (A) first, the Registrable Securities requested to be included in such registration by any Persons initiating such registration and the Registrable Securities requested to be included in
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such registration by the other Holders, (B) second, any other Persons, allocated pro rata in proportion to the number of securities requested to be included in such registration by each of them; and (C) third, the securities that the Company proposes to register for its own account, provided , however , that in the event the Company will not, by virtue of this Section 2.3(b), include in any such registration all of the Registrable Securities of any Holder requested to be included in such registration, such Holder may, upon written notice to the Company given within three days of the time such Holder first is notified of such matter, reduce the amount of Registrable Securities it desires to have included in such registration, whereupon only the Registrable Securities, if any, it desires to have included will be so included and the Holders not so reducing shall be entitled to a corresponding increase in the amount of Registrable Securities to be included in such registration.
(c) Selection of Underwriters . If any Incidental Registration involves an Underwritten Offering, the sole or managing Underwriter(s) and any additional investment bankers and managers to be used in connection with such registration shall be subject to the approval of the Majority Holders of the Registration (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld).
The Company shall pay all Registration Expenses in connection with any Demand Registration, Incidental Registration, Resale Registration or Shelf Registration, whether or not such registration shall become effective and whether or not all Registrable Securities originally requested to be included in such registration are withdrawn or otherwise ultimately not included in such registration, except as otherwise provided with respect to a Withdrawn Request and a Withdrawn Demand Registration in Section 2.2(a).
(a) Demand Underwritten Offerings . If requested by the sole or lead managing Underwriter for any Underwritten Offering effected pursuant to a Demand Registration or a Resale Registration, the Company shall enter into a customary underwriting agreement with the Underwriters for such offering, such agreement to be reasonably satisfactory in substance and form to the Majority Holders of the Registration and to contain such representations and warranties by the Company and such other terms as are generally prevailing in agreements of that type, including, without limitation, indemnification and contribution to the effect and to the extent provided in Section 5.
(b) Holders of Registrable Securities to be Parties to Underwriting Agreement . The Holders of Registrable Securities to be distributed by Underwriters in an Underwritten Offering contemplated by Section 2 shall be parties to the underwriting agreement between the Company and such Underwriters and may, at such Holders' option, require that any or all of the representations and warranties by, and the other agreements on the part of, the Company to and for the benefit of such Underwriters shall also be made to and for the benefit of such Holders of Registrable Securities and that any or all of the conditions precedent to the obligations of such Underwriters under such underwriting agreement be conditions precedent to the obligations of such Holders of Registrable Securities; provided , however , that the Company shall not be required to make any representations or warranties with respect to written information specifically provided by a selling Holder for inclusion in the Registration Statement. No Holder shall be required to make any representations or warranties to, or agreements with, the Company or the Underwriters other than representations, warranties or agreements regarding such Holder, such Holder's Registrable Securities and such Holder's intended method of disposition.
(c) Participation in Underwritten Registration . Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, no Person may participate in any underwritten registration hereunder unless such Person (i) agrees to sell its securities on the same terms and conditions provided in any underwritten arrangements approved by the Persons entitled hereunder to approve such arrangement and (ii) accurately completes and executes in a timely manner all questionnaires, powers of attorney, indemnities,
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custody agreements, underwriting agreements and other documents reasonably required under the terms of such underwriting arrangements.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, in order for any Registrable Securities that are issuable upon the exercise of conversion rights, options or warrants to be included in any registration pursuant to Section 2 hereof, the exercise of such conversion rights, options or warrants must be effected no later than immediately prior to the closing of any sales under the Registration Statement pursuant to which such Registrable Securities are to be sold.
The Company shall be entitled to postpone a Resale Registration and a Demand Registration and to require the Holders of Registrable Securities to discontinue the disposition of their securities covered by a Shelf Registration during any Blackout Period (as defined below) (i) if the Board of Directors of the Company determines in good faith that effecting such a registration or continuing such disposition at such time would have a material adverse effect upon a proposed sale of all (or substantially all) of the assets of the Company or a merger, reorganization, recapitalization or similar current transaction materially affecting the capital structure or equity ownership of the Company, or (ii) if the Company is in possession of material information which the Board of Directors of the Company determines in good faith it is not in the best interests of the Company to disclose in a registration statement at such time; provided , however , that the Company may only delay a Resale Registration or a Demand Registration pursuant to this Section 2.7 by delivery of a Blackout Notice (as defined below) either (i) under Section 2.1 within 30 days of delivery of a Resale Request or (ii) under Section 2.2, within 30 days of delivery of the Request for such Registration, as applicable, and may delay a Resale Registration or a Demand Registration and require the Holders of Registrable Securities to discontinue the disposition of their securities covered by a Shelf Registration only for a reasonable period of time not to exceed 90 days (or such earlier time as such transaction is consummated or no longer proposed or the material information has been made public) (the " Blackout Period "). There shall not be more than one Blackout Period in any 12 month period. The Company shall promptly notify the Holders in writing (a " Blackout Notice ") of any decision to postpone a Demand Registration or a Resale Registration or to discontinue sales of Registrable Securities covered by a Shelf Registration pursuant to this Section 2.7 and shall include a general statement of the reason for such postponement, an approximation of the anticipated delay and an undertaking by the Company promptly to notify the Holders as soon as a Demand Registration or a Resale Registration may be effected or sales of Registrable Securities covered by a Shelf Registration may resume. In making any such determination to initiate or terminate a Blackout Period, the Company shall not be required to consult with or obtain the consent of any Holder, and any such determination shall be the Company's sole responsibility. Each Holder shall treat all notices received from the Company pursuant to this Section 2.7 constituting material inside information in the strictest confidence and shall not trade on or disseminate such information. If the Company shall postpone the filing of a Demand Registration Statement or a Resale Registration Statement, the Majority Holders of the Registration shall have the right to withdraw the request for registration. Any such withdrawal shall be made by giving written notice to the Company within 30 days after receipt of the Blackout Notice. Such withdrawn registration request shall not be treated as a Resale Request effected pursuant to Section 2.1 or a Demand Registration effected pursuant to Section 2.2 (and shall not be counted towards the number of Demand Registrations effected), and the Company shall pay all Registration Expenses in connection therewith.
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3.1. Restrictions on Sale by Holders of Registrable Securities.
Each Holder of Registrable Securities agrees, by acquisition of such Registrable Securities, if timely requested in writing by the sole or lead managing Underwriter in an Underwritten Offering of any Registrable Securities (other than in connection with a Resale Registration), not to make any short sale of, loan, grant any option for the purchase of or effect any public sale or distribution, including a sale pursuant to Rule 144 (or any successor provision having similar effect) under the Securities Act of any Registrable Securities or any other equity security of the Company (or any security convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for any equity security of the Company) (except as part of such underwritten registration), during the five business days (as such term is used in Regulation M under the Exchange Act) prior to, and during the time period reasonably requested by the sole or lead managing Underwriter not to exceed 90 days or, in the case of an Initial Public Offering, 180 days beginning on the effective date of the applicable Registration Statement, unless the sole or lead managing Underwriter in such Underwritten Offering otherwise agrees; provided , however , that to the extent the Company or the sole lead managing Underwriter releases any other Person from the foregoing or equivalent restrictions in whole or in part it shall, on the same day, notify the Holders of such release and such parties shall automatically be released to the same extent: provided, further, this holdback restriction shall apply to all Holders of Registrable Securities in respect of an Initial Public Offering and thereafter shall apply only to those Holders of Registrable Securities who have elected to sell Registrable Securities they hold in an Underwritten Offering in respect of which a holdback is requested by the managing Underwriter.
3.2. Restrictions on Sale by the Company and Others.
The Company agrees that if timely requested in writing by the sole or lead managing Underwriter in an Underwritten Offering of any Registrable Securities (other than in connection with a Resale Registration), not to make any short sale of, loan, grant any option for the purchase of or effect any public or private sale or distribution of any of the Company's equity securities (or any security convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for any of the Company's equity securities) during the five business days (as such term is used in Regulation M under the Exchange Act) prior to, and during the time period reasonably requested by the sole or lead managing Underwriter not to exceed 90 days or, in the case of an Initial Public Offering, 180 days, beginning on the effective date of the applicable Registration Statement (except as part of such underwritten registration or pursuant to registrations on Forms S-4 or S-8 or any successor form to such forms), unless the sole or lead Managing Underwriter in such Underwritten Offering otherwise agrees. The Company will use its reasonable best efforts to cause each director and officer of the Company and each holder of 5% or more of the equity securities (or any security convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for any of its equity securities) of the Company to so agree.
4.1. Obligations of the Company.
Whenever the Company is required to effect the registration of Registrable Securities under the Securities Act pursuant to Section 2 of this Agreement, the Company shall, as expeditiously as possible:
(a) prepare and file with the SEC (promptly, and in any event within 60 days after receipt of a request to register Registrable Securities) the requisite Registration Statement to effect such registration, which Registration Statement shall comply as to form in all material respects with the requirements of the applicable form and include all financial statements required by the SEC to be filed therewith, and the Company shall use its best efforts to cause such Registration Statement to become effective ( provided , that the Company may discontinue any registration of its securities that are not Registrable Securities, and, under the circumstances specified in Section 2.3, its securities that are Registrable Securities); provided , however , that before filing a Registration Statement or Prospectus or any amendments or supplements thereto, or comparable statements under securities
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or blue sky laws of any jurisdiction, the Company shall (i) provide Holders' Counsel and any other Inspector with an adequate and appropriate opportunity to participate in the preparation of such Registration Statement and each Prospectus included therein (and each amendment or supplement thereto or comparable statement) to be filed with the SEC, which documents shall be subject to the review and comment of Holders' Counsel, and (ii) not file any such Registration Statement or Prospectus (or amendment or supplement thereto or comparable statement) with the SEC to which Holder's Counsel, any selling Holder or any other Inspector shall have reasonably objected on the grounds that such filing does not comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act or of the rules or regulations thereunder;
(b) prepare and file with the SEC such amendments and supplements to such Registration Statement and the Prospectus used in connection therewith as may be necessary (i) to keep such Registration Statement effective, and (ii) to comply with the provisions of the Securities Act with respect to the disposition of all Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement, in each case until such time as all of such Registrable Securities have been disposed of in accordance with the intended methods of disposition by the seller(s) thereof set forth in such Registration Statement; provided , that except with respect to any Shelf Registration, such period need not extend beyond nine months after the effective date of the Registration Statement; and provided , further , that with respect to any Shelf Registration, such period need not extend beyond the time period provided in Section 2.1, and which periods, in any event, shall terminate when all Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement have been sold (but not before the expiration of the 90 day period referred to in Section 4(3) of the Securities Act and Rule 174 thereunder, if applicable);
(c) furnish, without charge, to each selling Holder of such Registrable Securities and each Underwriter, if any, of the securities covered by such Registration Statement, such number of copies of such Registration Statement, each amendment and supplement thereto (in each case including all exhibits), and the Prospectus included in such Registration Statement (including each preliminary Prospectus) in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act, and other documents, as such selling Holder and Underwriter may reasonably request in order to facilitate the public sale or other disposition of the Registrable Securities owned by such selling Holder (the Company hereby consenting to the use in accordance with applicable law of each such Registration Statement (or amendment or post-effective amendment thereto) and each such Prospectus (or preliminary prospectus or supplement thereto) by each such selling Holder of Registrable Securities and the Underwriters, if any, in connection with the offering and sale of the Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement or Prospectus);
(d) prior to any public offering of Registrable Securities, use its best efforts to register or qualify all Registrable Securities and other securities covered by such Registration Statement under such other securities or blue sky laws of such jurisdictions as any selling Holder of Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement or the sole or lead managing Underwriter, if any, may reasonably request to enable such selling Holder to consummate the disposition in such jurisdictions of the Registrable Securities owned by such selling Holder and to continue such registration or qualification in effect in each such jurisdiction for as long as such Registration Statement remains in effect (including through new filings or amendments or renewals), and do any and all other acts and things which may be necessary or advisable to enable any such selling Holder to consummate the disposition in such jurisdictions of the Registrable Securities owned by such selling Holder; provided , however , that the Company shall not be required to (i) qualify generally to do business in any jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be required to qualify but for this Section 4.1(d), (ii) subject itself to taxation in any such jurisdiction, or (iii) consent to general service of process in any such jurisdiction;
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(e) use its best efforts to obtain all other approvals, consents, exemptions or authorizations from such governmental agencies or authorities as may be necessary to enable the selling Holders of such Registrable Securities to consummate the disposition of such Registrable Securities;
(f) promptly notify Holders' Counsel, each Holder of Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement and the sole or lead managing Underwriter, if any: (i) when the Registration Statement, any pre-effective amendment, the Prospectus or any prospectus supplement related thereto or post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement has been filed and, with respect to the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment, when the same has become effective, (ii) of any request by the SEC or any state securities or blue sky authority for amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus related thereto or for additional information, (iii) of the issuance by the SEC of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the initiation or threat of any proceedings for that purpose, (iv) of the receipt by the Company of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification of any Registrable Securities for sale under the securities or blue sky laws of any jurisdiction or the initiation of any proceeding for such purpose, (v) of the existence of any fact of which the Company becomes aware or the happening of any event which results in (A) the Registration Statement containing an untrue statement of a material fact or omitting to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make any statements therein not misleading, or (B) the Prospectus included in such Registration Statement containing an untrue statement of a material fact or omitting to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make any statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, (vi) if at any time the representations and warranties contemplated by Section 2.5(b) cease to be true and correct in all material respects, and (vii) of the Company's reasonable determination that a post-effective amendment to a Registration Statement would be appropriate or that there exists circumstances not yet disclosed to the public which make further sales under such Registration Statement inadvisable pending such disclosure and post-effective amendment; and, if the notification relates to an event described in any of the clauses (ii) through (vii) of this Section 4.1(f), the Company shall promptly prepare a supplement or post-effective amendment to such Registration Statement or related Prospectus or any document incorporated therein by reference or file any other required document so that (1) such Registration Statement shall not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and (2) as thereafter delivered to the purchasers of the Registrable Securities being sold thereunder, such Prospectus shall not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein in the light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading (and shall furnish to each such Holder and each Underwriter, if any, a reasonable number of copies of such Prospectus so supplemented or amended); and if the notification relates to an event described in clause (iii) of this Section 4.1(f), the Company shall take all reasonable action required to prevent the entry of such stop order or to remove it if entered;
(g) make available for inspection by any selling Holder of Registrable Securities, any sole or lead managing Underwriter participating in any disposition pursuant to such Registration Statement, Holders' Counsel and any attorney, accountant or other agent retained by any such seller or any Underwriter (each, an " Inspector " and, collectively, the " Inspectors "), all financial and other records, pertinent corporate documents and properties of the Company and any subsidiaries thereof as may be in existence at such time (collectively, the " Records ") as shall be necessary, in the opinion of such Holders' and such Underwriters' respective counsel, to enable them to exercise their due diligence responsibility and to conduct a reasonable investigation within the meaning of the Securities Act, and cause the Company's and any subsidiaries' officers, directors and
15
employees, and the independent public accountants of the Company, to supply all information reasonably requested by any such Inspectors in connection with such Registration Statement;
(h) if requested by the Majority Holders of the Registration, obtain an opinion from the Company's counsel and a "cold comfort" letter from the Company's independent public accountants who have certified the Company's financial statements included or incorporated by reference in such Registration Statement, in each case dated the effective date of such Registration Statement (and if such registration involves an Underwritten Offering, dated the date of the closing under the underwriting agreement), in customary form and covering such matters as are customarily covered by such opinions and "cold comfort" letters delivered to underwriters in underwritten public offerings, which opinion and letter shall be reasonably satisfactory to the sole or lead managing Underwriter, if any, and to the Majority Holders of the Registration, and furnish to each Holder participating in the offering and to each Underwriter, if any, a copy of such opinion and letter addressed to such Holder (in the case of the opinion) and Underwriter (in the case of the opinion and the "cold comfort" letter);
(i) provide a CUSIP number for all Registrable Securities and provide and cause to be maintained a transfer agent and registrar for all such Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement not later than the effectiveness of such Registration Statement;
(j) otherwise use its best efforts to comply with all applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and any other governmental agency or authority having jurisdiction over the offering, and make available to its security holders, as soon as reasonably practicable but no later than 90 days after the end of any 12-month period, an earnings statement (i) commencing at the end of any month in which Registrable Securities are sold to Underwriters in an Underwritten Offering and (ii) commencing with the first day of the Company's calendar month next succeeding each sale of Registrable Securities after the effective date of a Registration Statement, which statement shall cover such 12-month periods, in a manner which satisfies the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Securities Act and Rule 158 thereunder;
(k) if so requested by the Majority Holders of the Registration, use its best efforts to cause all such Registrable Securities to be listed (i) on each national securities exchange on which the Company's securities are then listed or (ii) if securities of the Company are not at the time listed on any national securities exchange (or if the listing of Registrable Securities is not permitted under the rules of each national securities exchange on which the Company's securities are then listed), on a national securities exchange designated by the Majority Holders of the Registration;
(l) keep each selling Holder of Registrable Securities advised in writing as to the initiation and progress of any registration under Section 2 hereunder;
(m) enter into and perform customary agreements (including, if applicable, an underwriting agreement in customary form) and provide officers' certificates and other customary closing documents;
(n) cooperate with each selling Holder of Registrable Securities and each Underwriter participating in the disposition of such Registrable Securities and their respective counsel in connection with any filings required to be made with the NASD and make reasonably available its employees and personnel and otherwise provide reasonable assistance to the Underwriters (taking into account the needs of the Company's businesses and the requirements of the marketing process) in the marketing of Registrable Securities in any Underwritten Offering;
(o) furnish to each Holder participating in the offering and the sole or lead managing Underwriter, if any, without charge, at least one manually-signed copy of the Registration Statement and any post-effective amendments thereto, including financial statements and
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schedules, all documents incorporated therein by reference and all exhibits (including those deemed to be incorporated by reference);
(p) cooperate with the selling Holders of Registrable Securities and the sole or lead managing Underwriter, if any, to facilitate the timely preparation and delivery of certificates not bearing any restrictive legends representing the Registrable Securities to be sold, and cause such Registrable Securities to be issued in such denominations and registered in such names in accordance with the underwriting agreement prior to any sale of Registrable Securities to the Underwriters or, if not an Underwritten Offering, in accordance with the instructions of the selling Holders of Registrable Securities at least three business days prior to any sale of Registrable Securities;
(q) if requested by the sole or lead managing Underwriter or any selling Holder of Registrable Securities, immediately incorporate in a prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment such information concerning such Holder of Registrable Securities, the Underwriters or the intended method of distribution as the sole or lead managing Underwriter or the selling Holder of Registrable Securities reasonably requests to be included therein and as is appropriate in the reasonable judgment of the Company, including, without limitation, information with respect to the number of shares of the Registrable Securities being sold to the Underwriters, the purchase price being paid therefor by such Underwriters and with respect to any other terms of the Underwritten Offering of the Registrable Securities to be sold in such offering; make all required filings of such Prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment as soon as notified of the matters to be incorporated in such Prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment; and supplement or make amendments to any Registration Statement if requested by the sole or lead managing Underwriter of such Registrable Securities; and
(r) use its best efforts to take all other steps necessary to expedite or facilitate the registration and disposition of the Registrable Securities contemplated hereby.
The Company may require each selling Holder of Registrable Securities as to which any registration is being effected to furnish to the Company such information regarding such Holder, such Holder's Registrable Securities and such Holder's intended method of disposition as the Company may from time to time reasonably request in writing; provided that such information shall be used only in connection with such registration.
If any Registration Statement or comparable statement under "blue sky" laws refers to any Holder by name or otherwise as the Holder of any securities of the Company, then such Holder shall have the right to require (i) the insertion therein of language, in form and substance satisfactory to such Holder and the Company, to the effect that the holding by such Holder of such securities is not to be construed as a recommendation by such Holder of the investment quality of the Company's securities covered thereby and that such holding does not imply that such Holder will assist in meeting any future financial requirements of the Company, and (ii) in the event that such reference to such Holder by name or otherwise is not in the judgment of the Company, as advised by counsel, required by the Securities Act or any similar federal statute or any state "blue sky" or securities law then in force, the deletion of the reference to such Holder.
Each Holder of Registrable Securities agrees by acquisition of such Registrable Securities that, upon receipt of any notice from the Company of the happening of any event of the kind described in Section 4.1(f)(ii) through (vii), such Holder shall forthwith discontinue disposition of Registrable Securities pursuant to the Registration Statement covering such Registrable Securities until such Holder's receipt of the copies of the supplemented or amended prospectus contemplated by Section 4.1(f) and, if so directed by the Company, such Holder shall deliver to the Company (at the
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Company's expense) all copies, other than permanent file copies, then in such Holder's possession of the Prospectus covering such Registrable Securities which is current at the time of receipt of such notice. If the Company shall give any such notice, the Company shall extend the period during which such Registration Statement shall be maintained effective pursuant to this Agreement (including, without limitation, the period referred to in Section 4.1(b)) by the number of days during the period from and including the date of the giving of such notice pursuant to Section 4.1(f) to and including the date when the Holder shall have received the copies of the supplemented or amended prospectus contemplated by and meeting the requirements of Section 4.1(f).
5. INDEMNIFICATION; CONTRIBUTION.
5.1. Indemnification by the Company.
The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless, to the fullest extent permitted by law, each Holder of Registrable Securities, its officers, directors, partners, members, shareholders, employees, Affiliates and agents (collectively, " Agents ") and each Person who controls such Holder (within the meaning of the Securities Act) and its Agents with respect to each registration which has been effected pursuant to this Agreement, against any and all losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, actions or proceedings (whether commenced or threatened) in respect thereof, and expenses (as incurred or suffered and including, but not limited to, any and all expenses incurred in investigating, preparing or defending any litigation or proceeding, whether commenced or threatened, and the reasonable fees, disbursements and other charges of legal counsel) in respect thereof (collectively, " Claims "), insofar as such Claims arise out of or are based upon any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Registration Statement or Prospectus (including any preliminary, final or summary prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto) related to any such registration or any omission or alleged omission to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, or any violation by the Company of the Securities Act or any rule or regulation thereunder applicable to the Company and relating to action or inaction required of the Company in connection with any such registration, or any qualification or compliance incident thereto; provided , however , that the Company will not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such Claims arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission of a material fact so made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company in an instrument duly executed by such Holder specifically stating that it was expressly for use therein. The Company shall also indemnify any Underwriters of the Registrable Securities, their Agents and each Person who controls any such Underwriter (within the meaning of the Securities Act) to the same extent as provided above with respect to the indemnification of the Holders of Registrable Securities. Such indemnity shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of any Person who may be entitled to indemnification pursuant to this Section 5 and shall survive the transfer of securities by such Holder or Underwriter.
5.2. Indemnification by Holders.
Each Holder, if Registrable Securities held by it are included in the securities as to which a registration is being effected, agrees to, severally and not jointly, indemnify and hold harmless, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the Company, its directors and officers, each other Person who participates as an Underwriter in the offering or sale of such securities and its Agents and each Person who controls the Company or any such Underwriter (within the meaning of either Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act) and its Agents against any and all Claims, insofar as such Claims arise out of or are based upon any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Registration Statement or Prospectus (including any preliminary, final or summary prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto) related to such registration, or any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission was made in reliance upon and in conformity
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with written information furnished to the Company in an instrument duly executed by such Holder specifically stating that it was expressly for use therein; provided , however , that the aggregate amount which any such Holder shall be required to pay pursuant to this Section 5.2 shall in no event be greater than the amount of the net proceeds received by such Holder upon the sale of the Registrable Securities pursuant to the Registration Statement giving rise to such Claims less all amounts previously paid by such Holder with respect to any such Claims. Such indemnity shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of such indemnified party and shall survive the transfer of such securities by such Holder or Underwriter.
5.3. Conduct of Indemnification Proceedings.
Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party of notice of any Claim or the commencement of any action or proceeding involving a Claim under this Section 5, such indemnified party shall, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the indemnifying party pursuant to Section 5, (i) notify the indemnifying party in writing of the Claim or the commencement of such action or proceeding; provided , that the failure of any indemnified party to provide such notice shall not relieve the indemnifying party of its obligations under this Section 5, except to the extent the indemnifying party is materially and actually prejudiced thereby and shall not relieve the indemnifying party from any liability which it may have to any indemnified party otherwise than under this Section 5, and (ii) permit such indemnifying party to assume the defense of such claim with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party; provided , however , that any indemnified party shall have the right to employ separate counsel and to participate in the defense of such claim, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such indemnified party unless (A) the indemnifying party has agreed in writing to pay such fees and expenses, (B) the indemnifying party shall have failed to assume the defense of such claim and employ counsel reasonably satisfactory to such indemnified party within 10 days after receiving notice from such indemnified party that the indemnified party believes it has failed to do so, (C) in the reasonable judgment of any such indemnified party, based upon advice of counsel, a conflict of interest may exist between such indemnified party and the indemnifying party with respect to such claims (in which case, if the indemnified party notifies the indemnifying party in writing that it elects to employ separate counsel at the expense of the indemnifying party, the indemnifying party shall not have the right to assume the defense of such claim on behalf of such indemnified party) or (D) such indemnified party is a defendant in an action or proceeding which is also brought against the indemnifying party and reasonably shall have concluded that there may be one or more legal defenses available to such indemnified party which are not available to the indemnifying party. No indemnifying party shall be liable for any settlement of any such claim or action effected without its written consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. In addition, without the consent of the indemnified party (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld), no indemnifying party shall be permitted to consent to entry of any judgment with respect to, or to effect the settlement or compromise of any pending or threatened action or claim in respect of which indemnification or contribution may be sought hereunder (whether or not the indemnified party is an actual or potential party to such action or claim), unless such settlement, compromise or judgment (1) includes an unconditional release of the indemnified party from all liability arising out of such action or claim, (2) does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act, by or on behalf of any indemnified party, and (3) does not provide for any action on the part of any party other than the payment of money damages which is to be paid in full by the indemnifying party.
If the indemnification provided for in Section 5.1 or 5.2 from the indemnifying party for any reason is unavailable to (other than by reason of exceptions provided therein), or is insufficient to hold harmless, an indemnified party hereunder in respect of any Claim, then the indemnifying party, in lieu of indemnifying such indemnified party, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such Claim in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the indemnifying party, on the one hand, and the indemnified party, on the other hand, in
19
connection with the actions which resulted in such Claim, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative fault of such indemnifying party and indemnified party shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether any action in question, including any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact, has been made by, or relates to information supplied by, such indemnifying party or indemnified party, and the parties' relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such action. If, however, the foregoing allocation is not permitted by applicable law, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only such relative faults but also the relative benefits of the indemnifying party and the indemnified party as well as any other relevant equitable considerations.
The parties hereto agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 5.4 were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation which does not take into account the equitable considerations referred to in the immediately preceding paragraph. The amount paid or payable by a party as a result of any Claim referred to in the immediately preceding paragraph shall be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth in Section 5.3, any legal or other fees, costs or expenses reasonably incurred by such party in connection with any investigation or proceeding. Notwithstanding anything in this Section 5.4 to the contrary, no indemnifying party (other than the Company) shall be required pursuant to this Section 5.4 to contribute any amount in excess of the net proceeds received by such indemnifying party from the sale of the Registrable Securities pursuant to the Registration Statement giving rise to such Claims, less all amounts previously paid by such indemnifying party with respect to such Claims. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.
Indemnification similar to that specified in the preceding Sections 5.1 and 5.2 (with appropriate modifications) shall be given by the Company and each selling Holder of Registrable Securities with respect to any required registration or other qualification of securities under any Federal or state law or regulation of any governmental authority, other than the Securities Act. The indemnity agreements contained herein shall be in addition to any other rights to indemnification or contribution which any indemnified party may have pursuant to law or contract.
5.6. Indemnification Payments.
The indemnification and contribution required by this Section 5 shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the course of any investigation or defense, as and when bills are received or any expense, loss, damage or liability is incurred.
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6.1. Adjustments Affecting Registrable Securities.
The Company agrees that it shall not effect or permit to occur any combination or subdivision of shares which would adversely affect the ability of the Holder of any Registrable Securities to include such Registrable Securities in any registration contemplated by this Agreement or the marketability of such Registrable Securities in any such registration.
6.2. Registration Rights to Others.
The Company has not previously entered into an agreement with respect to its securities granting any registration rights to any Person. If the Company shall at any time hereafter provide to any holder of any securities of the Company rights with respect to the registration of such securities under the Securities Act, (i) such rights shall not be in conflict with or adversely affect any of the rights provided in this Agreement to the Holders and (ii) such rights may only be on terms or conditions more favorable to such holder than the terms and conditions provided in this Agreement, with the consent of the Majority Investor Holders and in such case, the Company shall provide (by way of amendment to this Agreement or otherwise) such more favorable terms or conditions to the Holders.
6.3. Availability of Information; Rule 144; Rule 144A; Other Exemptions.
So long as the Company shall not have filed a registration statement pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act or a registration statement pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Company shall, at any time and from time to time, upon the request of any Holder of Registrable Securities and upon the request of any Person designated by such Holder as a prospective purchaser of any Registrable Securities, furnish in writing to such Holder or such prospective purchaser, as the case may be, a statement as of a date not earlier than 12 months prior to the date of such request of the nature of the business of the Company and the products and services it offers and copies of the Company's most recent balance sheet and profit and loss and retained earnings statements, together with similar financial statements for such part of the two preceding fiscal years as the Company shall have been in operation, all such financial statements to be audited to the extent audited statements are reasonably available, provided that, in any event the most recent financial statements so furnished shall include a balance sheet as of a date less than 16 months prior to the date of such request, statements of profit and loss and retained earnings for the 12 months preceding the date of such balance sheet, and, if such balance sheet is not as of a date less than 6 months prior to the date of such request, additional statements of profit and loss and retained earnings for the period from the date of such balance sheet to a date less than 6 months prior to the date of such request. If the Company shall have filed a registration statement pursuant to the requirements of Section 12 of the Exchange Act or a registration statement pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Company covenants that it shall timely file any reports required to be filed by it under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act (including, but not limited to, the reports under Sections 13 and 15(d) of the Exchange Act referred to in subparagraph (c) of Rule 144 under the Securities Act), and that it shall take such further action as any Holder of Registrable Securities may reasonably request, all to the extent required from time to time to enable such Holder to sell Registrable Securities without registration under the Securities Act within the limitation of the exemptions provided by (i) Rule 144 and Rule 144A under the Securities Act, as such rules may be amended from time to time, or (ii) any other rule or regulation now existing or hereafter adopted by the SEC. Upon the request of any Holder of Registrable Securities, the Company shall deliver to such Holder a written statement as to whether it has complied with such requirements. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, Holders of Founders Shares shall not sell such shares under Rule 144 or otherwise (absent registration under the Securities Act) without the Company's prior written consent, other than as permitted by Section 2.2(i) of this Agreement.
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The provisions of this Agreement may not be amended, modified, supplemented or terminated, and waivers or consents to departures from the provisions hereof may not be given, without the written consent of the Company, the Majority Investor Holders and the Majority Management Holders, provided , however , that no such amendment, modification, supplement, waiver or consent to departure shall reduce the aforesaid percentage of Registrable Securities without the written consent of all of the Holders of Registrable Securities; and provided , further , that to the extent any Holder would be disproportionately adversely affected by such amendment or waiver, then such Holder's consent shall also be required. Nothing herein shall prohibit any amendment, modification, supplement, termination, waiver or consent to departure the adverse effect of which is limited only to those Holders who have agreed to such amendment, modification, supplement, termination, waiver or consent to departure.
All notices and other communications provided for or permitted hereunder shall be deemed to be sufficient if contained in a written instrument and shall be deemed to have been duly given when delivered in person, by telecopy, by facsimile, by nationally-recognized overnight courier, or by first class registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, addressed to such party at the address set forth below or such other address as may hereafter be designated in writing by the addressee as follows:
(i) If to the Company, to:
EXCO
Holdings II, Inc.
12377 Merit Dr., Suite. 1700
Dallas, Texas 75251
Attention: Chief Financial Officer
Fax Number: (214) 368-2087
With a copy to:
Haynes
and Boone, LLP
2505 N. Plano Road, Suite 4000
Richardson, Texas 75082
Attention: William L. Boeing
Fax Number: (972) 692-9053
(ii) If to the Investors, to the address of each Investor set forth in the records of the Company.
(iii) If to the Management Holders, to the address of such Management Holders set forth in the records of the Company.
(iv) If to any subsequent Holder, to the address of such Person set forth in the records of the Company.
All such notices, requests, consents and other communications shall be deemed to have been delivered (a) in the case of personal delivery or delivery by telecopy or facsimile, on the date of such delivery, (b) in the case of nationally-recognized overnight courier, on the next Business Day and (c) in the case of mailing, on the third Business Day following such mailing if sent by certified mail, return receipt requested.
This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties hereto and their respective heirs, successors (including EXCO Holdings Inc. as successor by merger upon the merger of the Company with and into EXCO Holdings Inc.) and permitted assigns (including any permitted transferee of Registrable Securities). Any Holder may assign to any transferee of its Registrable Securities (other than a transferee that acquires such Registrable Securities in a registered public
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offering or pursuant to a sale under Rule 144 of the Securities Act (or any successor rule)), its rights and obligations under this Agreement; provided , however , if any transferee shall take and hold Registrable Securities, such transferee shall promptly notify the Company and by taking and holding such Registrable Securities such transferee shall automatically be entitled to receive the benefits of and be conclusively deemed to have agreed to be bound by and to perform all of the terms and provisions of this Agreement as if it were a party hereto (and shall, for all purposes, be deemed a Holder under this Agreement). If the Company shall so request, any heir, successor or assign (including any transferee) shall agree in writing to acquire and hold the Registrable Securities subject to all of the terms hereof. For purposes of this Agreement, "successor" for any entity other than a natural person shall mean a successor to such entity as a result of such entity's merger, consolidation, sale of substantially all of its assets, or similar transaction. Notwithstanding any contrary provision herein, the Company may consent to and permit, without any further action of the Initial Holders, any person who subsequently acquires Common Shares to become a "Holder" hereunder by executing a Joinder Agreement, in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit A .
This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which, when so executed and delivered, shall be deemed to be an original, but all of which counterparts, taken together, shall constitute one and the same instrument.
6.8. Descriptive Headings, Etc.
The headings in this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and shall not limit or otherwise affect the meaning of terms contained herein. Unless the context of this Agreement otherwise requires: (1) words of any gender shall be deemed to include each other gender; (2) words using the singular or plural number shall also include the plural or singular number, respectively; (3) the words "hereof", "herein" and "hereunder" and words of similar import when used in this Agreement shall refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement, and Section and paragraph references are to the Sections and paragraphs of this Agreement unless otherwise specified; (4) the word "including" and words of similar import when used in this Agreement shall mean "including, without limitation," unless otherwise specified; (5) "or" is not exclusive; and (6) provisions apply to successive events and transactions.
In the event that any one or more of the provisions, paragraphs, words, clauses, phrases or sentences contained herein, or the application thereof in any circumstances, is held invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect for any reason, the validity, legality and enforceability of any such provision, paragraph, word, clause, phrase or sentence in every other respect and of the other remaining provisions, paragraphs, words, clauses, phrases or sentences hereof shall not be in any way impaired, it being intended that all rights, powers and privileges of the parties hereto shall be enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law.
This Agreement will be governed by and construed in accordance with the domestic laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to any choice of law or conflicting provision or rule (whether of the State of Delaware, or any other jurisdiction) that would cause the laws of any jurisdiction other than the State of Delaware to be applied. In furtherance of the foregoing, the internal law of the State of Delaware will control the interpretation and construction of this Agreement, even if under such jurisdiction's choice of law or conflict of law analysis, the substantive law of some other jurisdiction would ordinarily apply.
6.11. Remedies; Specific Performance.
The parties hereto acknowledge that money damages would not be an adequate remedy at law if any party fails to perform in any material respect any of its obligations hereunder, and accordingly
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agree that each party, in addition to any other remedy to which it may be entitled at law or in equity, shall be entitled to seek to compel specific performance of the obligations of any other party under this Agreement, without the posting of any bond, in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement in any court of the United States or any State thereof having jurisdiction, and if any action should be brought in equity to enforce any of the provisions of this Agreement, none of the parties hereto shall raise the defense that there is an adequate remedy at law. Except as otherwise provided by law, a delay or omission by a party hereto in exercising any right or remedy accruing upon any such breach shall not impair the right or remedy or constitute a waiver of or acquiescence in any such breach. No remedy shall be exclusive of any other remedy. All available remedies shall be cumulative. The failure to file (i) a Resale Registration Statement within the time period specified in Section 2.1(a) or (ii) a Demand Registration Statement within 120 days of a Request under Section 2.2 shall each constitute, in the absence of an injunction or a Blackout Period having been imposed or a Withdrawn Request, a breach thereof entitling the Holders to remedies hereunder.
This Agreement is intended by the parties as a final expression of their agreement and intended to be a complete and exclusive statement of the agreement and understanding of the parties hereto in respect of the subject matter contained herein. There are no restrictions, promises, representations, warranties, covenants or undertakings relating to such subject matter, other than those set forth or referred to herein. This Agreement supersedes all prior agreements and understandings between the Company and the other parties to this Agreement with respect to such subject matter.
6.13. Nominees for Beneficial Owners.
In the event that any Registrable Securities are held by a nominee for the beneficial owner thereof, the beneficial owner thereof may, at its election in writing delivered to the Company, be treated as the holder of such Registrable Securities for purposes of any request or other action by any holder or holders of Registrable Securities pursuant to this Agreement or any determination of any number or percentage of shares of Registrable Securities held by any holder or holders of Registrable Securities contemplated by this Agreement. If the beneficial owner of any Registrable Securities so elects, the Company may require assurances reasonably satisfactory to it of such owner's beneficial ownership of such Registrable Securities.
6.14. Consent to Jurisdiction.
(a) Each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally submits, for itself or himself and its or his property, to the exclusive jurisdiction of any Texas state court sitting in Dallas county or federal court of the United States of America sitting in Dallas county, and any appellate court presiding thereover, in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereunder or thereunder or for recognition or enforcement of any judgment relating thereto, and each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally agrees that all claims in respect of any such action or proceeding may be heard and determined in any such Texas state court or, to the extent permitted by law, in any such federal court. Each of the parties hereto agrees that a final judgment in any such action or proceeding shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law.
(b) Each of the parties hereto irrevocably and unconditionally waives, to the fullest extent it or he may legally and effectively do so, any objection that it or he may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereunder or thereunder in any State or federal court sitting in Dallas county. Each of the parties hereto irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the defense of an inconvenient forum to the maintenance of such action or proceeding in any such court.
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The parties hereto further agree that the notice of any process required by any such court in the manner set forth in Section 6.5 shall constitute valid and lawful service of process against them, without the necessity for service by any other means provided by law.
Each party hereto shall do and perform or cause to be done and performed all such further acts and things and shall execute and deliver all such other agreements, certificates, instruments and documents as any other party hereto reasonably may request in order to carry out the intent and accomplish the purposes of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.
6.16. No Inconsistent Agreements.
The Company will not hereafter enter into any agreement which is inconsistent with the rights granted to the Holders in this Agreement.
The Company and the Initial Holders acknowledge that each of them has had the benefit of legal counsel of its own choice and has been afforded an opportunity to review this Agreement with its legal counsel and that this Agreement shall be construed as if jointly drafted by the Company and the Holders.
[Signature Pages Follow]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first written above.
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Schedule 1
Founders Shares
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Exhibit A
JOINDER AGREEMENT
TO
REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT
This Joinder Agreement to Registration Rights Agreement is made and entered into as of , 200 (the " Agreement ") by and between EXCO Holdings II, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the " Company "), and the person listed on the signature page hereto under the heading "Holder" (such person being referred to as the " Holder ").
WHEREAS, to provide for certain registration rights with respect to the Company's common stock, the Company and the Initial Holders specified on the signature pages thereto have executed that certain Registration Rights Agreement dated as of September , 2005 (the " Registration Rights Agreement "); and
WHEREAS, Holder desires to become a party to the Registration Rights Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing, the delivery to and receipt by Holder of Common Shares, the covenants and agreements contained herein and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt, adequacy and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, Holder hereby agrees as follows:
1. Holder hereby executes this Agreement for the purpose of becoming a "Holder" under the Registration Rights Agreement. Holder hereby assumes all of the duties, obligations and liabilities of a "Holder" under the Registration Rights Agreement and shall be designated as a " [Investor] [Management] Holder" thereunder.
2. Holder shall be deemed a "Holder" for all purposes under the Registration Rights Agreement, and shall be subject to and shall benefit from all of the rights and obligations of a "Holder" thereunder. All references in the Registration Rights Agreement to "Holder," " [Investor] [Management] Holder" or "Initial Holder" shall mean and be a reference to Holder. The Registration Rights Agreement is hereby amended by deeming the signature of Holder hereto as a signature to the Registration Rights Agreement.
3. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to principles of conflicts of law.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been executed and delivered as of the date above first written.
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Exhibit 14.1
EXCO RESOURCES, INC.
Code of Ethics for the Chief Executive Officer
and Senior Financial Officers
The Chief Executive Officer, Vice Chairman, President, Chief Operating Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer, Controller, General Counsel, Financial Reporting Manager and Tax Manager of EXCO Resources, Inc., (the "Company" ) the President, controller, chief financial officer and chief accounting officer (or person performing similar functions) of North Coast Energy, Inc. and TXOK Acquisition, Inc. (and any subsequently formed or acquired major operating subsidiary of the Company) (such persons collectively, the "Officers" ) each have an obligation to the Company, its shareholder, the public investor community, and themselves to maintain the highest standards of ethical conduct. In recognition of this obligation, the Company has adopted the following standards of ethical conduct for the purpose of promoting:
Adherence to these standards is integral to achieving the objectives of the Company and its investors. The Officers shall not commit acts contrary to these standards nor shall they condone the commission of such acts by others within the Company.
Competence
The Officers have a responsibility to:
Confidentiality
The Officers have a responsibility to protect the Company by:
Integrity
The Officers have a responsibility to:
Objectivity
The Officers have a responsibility to:
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Oversight and Disclosure
The Officers have a responsibility to:
Enforcement
The Board of Directors shall determine, or designate appropriate persons to determine, appropriate actions to be taken in the event of violations of this Code of Ethics. Such actions shall be reasonably designed to deter wrongdoing and to promote accountability for adherence to this Code of Ethics, and shall include written notices to the individual involved that the Board has determined that there has been a violation, censure by the Board, demotion or re-assignment of the individual involved, suspension with or without pay or benefits (as determined by the Board) and termination of the individual's employment. In determining what action is appropriate in a particular case, the Board of Directors or such designee shall take into account all relevant information, including the nature and severity of the violation, whether the violation was a single occurrence or repeated occurrences, whether the violation appears to have been intentional or inadvertent, whether the individual in question had been advised prior to the violation as to the proper course of action and whether or not the individual in question had committed other violations in the past.
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This Code of Ethics is a statement of certain fundamental principles, policies and procedures that govern the Officers in the conduct of the Company's business. It is not intended to and does not create any rights in any employee, customer, client, supplier, competitor, shareholder or any other person or entity.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned Officer certifies that he or she has read the above Code of Ethics and agrees to abide thereby.
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Exhibit 14.2
EXCO RESOURCES, INC.
CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS
FOR DIRECTORS, OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES
I. GENERAL STATEMENT OF POLICY
It is the policy of EXCO Resources, Inc. (the " Company ") that the conduct of the directors, officers and employees of the Company (collectively, the " employees ") while acting on behalf of the Company be based upon the highest ethical standards and compliance with the law. This Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (this " Code ") affirms the policy of the Company and is a guideline to promote:
All references to the "Company" in this Code should be read to include the Company's subsidiaries. This Code does not specifically address every potential form of unacceptable conduct, and it is expected that our employees will exercise good judgment in compliance with the principles set out in this Code. Each employee has a duty to avoid any circumstance that would violate the letter or spirit of this Code.
II. FAIR DEALING
Each employee should endeavor to deal honestly and ethically with the Company's directors, officers, employees, auditors, advisors, customers, suppliers and competitors while engaged in business on behalf of the Company. None should take unfair advantage of anyone through manipulation, concealment, abuse of privileged information, misrepresentation of material facts, or any other unfair-dealing practice. Non-compliance with this Code or the law or other unethical or dishonest business practices while acting on behalf of the Company are forbidden and may result in disciplinary action, including termination.
III. PROPER USE OF COMPANY ASSETS
Company assets should be used only for the legitimate business purposes of the Company. Employees are prohibited from using Company assets, confidential or proprietary information, or position for personal gain. Employees are responsible to safeguard and ensure the efficient use of the Company's assets, including the Company's physical facilities, office equipment, computer software, records, customer information, and particularly the Company's proprietary or confidential information.
IV. COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS, RULES AND REGULATIONS
The Company is committed to being a good corporate citizen of all states and countries in which it does business. It is your job to be aware of and to comply with the laws, rules, regulations and the legal requirements affecting you and your job. The Company does care how results are obtained, not just that they are obtained. It is the policy of the Company to comply with all laws and regulations of any country or its political subdivision in which the Company conducts its business. Particular attention is directed to the laws, rules and regulations relating to discrimination, securities, antitrust, civil rights and safety and the environment. If any uncertainty arises as to whether a course of action is within the letter and spirit of the law, advice should be obtained from the Company's chief financial officer or general counsel.
The following are specific laws and regulations and general guidelines for compliance with such laws and regulations due to their particular importance to the Company's business activities. The special emphasis on these laws does not limit the general admonition to comply with all applicable laws, regulations and judicial decrees of the United States (federal, state and local) and of other countries where the Company transacts business. This Code envisions a level of ethical business conduct above the minimum required by law.
A. Discrimination and Harassment
The Company is committed to providing a workplace free of discrimination and harassment based on race, color, religion, age, gender, national origin, disability, veteran status, or any other basis prohibited by applicable law. Similarly, offensive or hostile working conditions created by such harassment or discrimination will not be tolerated.
Each employee has a duty while acting on behalf of the Company to refrain from engaging in conduct that constitutes discrimination or harassment.
B. Insider Trading
Employees in possession of material non-public information about the Company or companies with whom we do business must abstain from trading in its securities until such information is generally and publicly available by means of a press release or other public filing. "Material" information is information of such importance that it can be expected to affect the judgment of investors as to whether or not to buy, sell, or hold the securities in question. Such material "inside information" might include earnings estimates, stock and dividend activity, significant litigation exposure due to actual or threatened litigation, changes of control or management, pending mergers, sales, acquisitions, reserves numbers or other significant business information or developments.
Providing such inside information to others, including family or friends, who then trade on the inside information is also strictly prohibited. Trading on inside information is also a violation of federal securities law. Each employee is required to sign and deliver to the Company a certification acknowledging receipt and understanding of the Company's Insider Trading Policy which prohibits, among various other trading practices, the trading practices described herein.
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C. Antitrust Activities
The purpose of antitrust laws in the United States and most other countries is to provide a level playing field to economic competitors and to promote fair competition. No employee, under any circumstances or in any context, may enter into any understanding or agreement, whether expressed or implied, formal or informal, written or oral, with an actual or potential competitor, which would illegally limit or restrict in any way either party's business or market activities. This prohibition includes any understanding or agreement relating to prices, costs, profits, products, services, terms or conditions of sale, market share or customer or supplier classification or selection. It is the Company's policy to comply with all applicable antitrust laws and our employees will be required to do the same.
D. Environment, Health and Safety
The Company is committed to managing and operating its assets in a manner that is protective of human health and safety and the environment. It is our policy to comply, in all material respects, with applicable health, safety and environmental laws and regulations. Each employee is expected to comply with our policies, programs, standards and procedures and all applicable health, safety and environmental laws and regulations.
V. POLITICAL CONTRIBUTIONS
Corporate funds, credit, property or services may not be used (directly or indirectly) to support any political party or candidate for public office, or to support or oppose any ballot measure, without the prior approval of the Company's chief executive officer. Although employees are encouraged to support political parties and candidates with their personal efforts and money, the Company will not reimburse or subsidize them in any way for such political participation.
VI. CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION
Employees may become aware of confidential or proprietary information regarding actual or potential customers, suppliers, or commercial transactions of the Company, or of non-public technical information pertaining to the operations or potential operations of the Company. "Confidential" or "proprietary" refers to information that is not available to the public (or that someone would normally expect to be non-public), and that might give the holder of the information a competitive advantage over a third party.
For example, confidential information of the Company would include: information marked as "Confidential," "Proprietary," "Trade Secret," or with a similar marking; information relating to current and future business plans, strategies and methods, including service offerings, divestitures, mergers, acquisitions, and marketing and sales plans and data; information relating to hiring decisions, and to current, former and prospective employees; technical and engineering information, specifications, and data; financial reports and data that have not been made public; and any information of the type described above that is received from any other person.
You should use reasonable care to protect the confidentiality of all of the Company or customer confidential or proprietary information, and should not disclose confidential information to unauthorized persons. This means that you should exercise care when discussing Company matters in the presence of third parties, and should contact the chief financial officer or general counsel before disclosing confidential information to a third party. Such confidential and proprietary information is the exclusive property of the Company and each employee is bound to keep such information in strictest confidence, except when disclosure is authorized by an officer of the Company or legally mandated. Furthermore, such information is to be used solely for Company purposes and never for the private gain of a director, officer or employee (or any member of his or her immediate family), or any third party.
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Special care is required regarding the public release of information concerning the Company's business, strategies, activities, and plans, the disclosure of which could influence investors trading in the Company's securities. All media contact and public statements and discussions of the Company's business should be coordinated with the principal official of the Company in charge of investor relations.
VII. CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
A. General
A "conflict of interest" occurs when an individual's private interest (or that of a family member) interferes in any wayor even appears to interferewith the interests of the Company as a whole. Even the appearance of a conflict of interest may be as damaging as an actual conflict and should be avoided. A conflict situation can arise when an employee, officer or director takes actions or has interests that may make it difficult to perform his or her Company work objectively and effectively. Conflicts of interest also arise when an employee, officer or director, or a member of his or her family, receives improper personal benefits as a result of his or her position in the Company. Loans to, or guarantees of obligations of, employees, officers, directors or family members of such persons are of special concern.
Employees should not enter into any transaction or engage in any practice (directly or indirectly) that would tend to influence him or her in any manner other than in the best interests of the Company. Employees (or members of their immediate family) also should not exercise discretionary authority or make or influence any recommendation or decision on behalf of the Company that would result in an undisclosed personal financial benefit to such employee or to members of his or her immediate family.
In general, a conflict of interest is likely to arise if you:
There are other situations in which a conflict of interest may arise. If you become aware of any material transaction or relationship that could reasonably be expected to give rise to such a conflict of interest, or if you have concerns about any situation, follow the steps outlined in the section "Compliance and Enforcement" below. It is not a conflict of interest for employees or members of an employee's immediate family to obtain services from persons or entities who also provide services to the Company, including legal, accounting or brokerage services, loans from banks or insurance from insurance companies, at rates customary for similarly situated customers.
Furthermore, no relationship involving an employee or non-executive officer that is disclosed to and affirmatively determined by the chief financial officer of the Company to be immaterial and no relationship involving an executive officer or director that is disclosed to and affirmatively determined by the Board of Directors of the Company to be immaterial (and no action incidentally benefiting any such employee, officer or director as a result of such relationship) shall be deemed a conflict of interest within the meaning of this Code.
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B. Gifts, Gratuities, and Other Benefits
The Company intends to conduct its business in accordance with high ethical standards. As a general rule, other than for modest gifts given or received in the normal course of business (including travel or entertainment), neither you nor your relatives may give gifts to, or receive gifts from, the persons doing business with the Company. Other gifts may be given or accepted only with prior approval of your senior management. In no event should you put the Company or yourself in a position that would be embarrassing if the gift was made public.
Dealing with government employees often is different from dealing with private persons. Many governmental bodies strictly prohibit the receipt of any gratuities by their employees, including meals and entertainment. You must be aware of and strictly follow these prohibitions.
Any employee who pays or receives bribes or kickbacks will be immediately terminated and reported, as warranted, to the appropriate authorities. A kickback or bribe includes any item intended to improperly obtain favorable treatment.
Employees are expected to make decisions about the use or purchase of materials, equipment, consultants, advice, property, and supplies with the intent of receiving the best value for the Company. Such decisions should consider total cost, competitiveness, quality, and service in addition to other factors relevant to the Company's business.
C. Interest in Properties
Any interest held by an employee or any immediate family member in oil or gas properties, royalties or other mineral interests, or any interest, other than as an investor in a publicly-held company, in companies either owning mineral interests or providing services or materials to the Company must be disclosed in writing to the Company.
VIII. CORPORATE OPPORTUNITIES
Employees are prohibited from (a) taking for themselves personally opportunities that are discovered through the use of corporate property, information or position unless such opportunity is first offered to the Company and the Company affirmatively determines not to pursue it; (b) using corporate property, information, or position for personal gain; and (c) competing with the Company. Employees, officers and directors owe a duty to the Company to advance its legitimate interests when the opportunity to do so arises.
IX. OTHER ORGANIZATIONS
Each employee is expected to devote his full time and efforts during normal working hours to the service of the Company. No employee shall engage in any business or secondary employment that interferes with his other obligations and responsibilities to the Company.
No employee of the Company may serve on the board of directors of any corporation not owned or controlled by the Company, other than a nonprofit, charitable, religious, civic or educational organization, or an organization formed for the sole purpose of estate planning, without the prior written approval of the Company's chief executive officer, or, for the chief executive officer, without the prior approval of the Company's Board of Directors.
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Unless disclosed to and approved by the chief financial officer, no employee or any member of his or her immediate family may directly or indirectly have a financial interest (whether as an investor, lender, employee or other service provider) in any company that is selling supplies, furnishing services or otherwise doing business or competing with the Company. This provision does not apply to an employee or members of his or her immediate family owning the securities of a publicly traded entity as long as such ownership represents less than five percent of the outstanding securities.
X. ACCOUNTING AND REPORTING
All accounting records should accurately reflect and describe corporate transactions. The recordation of such data must not be falsified or altered in any way to conceal or distort assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses or the nature of the activity.
All public disclosures made by the Company, including disclosures in reports and documents filed with or submitted to the SEC, shall be full, fair, accurate, timely and understandable in all material respects. Each employee is expected to carefully consider all inquiries from the Company related to the Company's public disclosure requirements and promptly supply complete and accurate responses. No employee of the Company may directly or indirectly make or cause to be made a materially false or misleading statement, or omit to state, or cause another person to omit to state, any material fact necessary to make statements made not misleading.
It is the responsibility of each employee to promptly bring to the attention of a member of the Company's Audit Committee any material information of which the individual may become aware that affects the disclosures made by the Company in its public filings or otherwise, and to otherwise assist the Audit Committee in fulfilling its responsibilities. In addition, each employee shall promptly bring to the attention of a member of the Audit Committee any information he or she may have concerning (a) significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the Company's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information or (b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company's financial reporting, disclosures or internal controls.
If any employee has any questions or concerns about any of the Company's public disclosures, he or she should immediately contact the Company's chief financial officer. Additionally, questions or concerns can also be addressed to the Company's general counsel or outside legal counsel.
XI. COMPLIANCE AND ENFORCEMENT
Questions of interpretation or application of this Code with respect to a particular situation should be addressed to the Company's chief financial officer. Such requests may be made in writing or orally and will be handled discreetly.
Compliance with this Code is a condition of employment for each employee. Conduct contrary to this Code is outside of the scope of employment. Employees are encouraged to talk to supervisors, human resource representatives or an officer of the Company when in doubt about the best course of action in a particular situation.
Any suspected violation of applicable laws, rules or regulations or this Code, including any transaction or relationship that reasonably could be expected to give rise to a conflict of interest, should be reported promptly to the Company's chief financial officer, or such officer's designee, without regard to the usual lines of reporting. The Company will not attempt to identify the reporting person. Furthermore, there is no need to identify yourself, and every reasonable effort will be made to ensure that all questions and information will be handled discreetly.
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The Company representative that receives the complaint shall file a report with the Board of Directors of the Company, including the reported suspected ethical violation, and a statement as to the resolution, if any, of such suspected ethical violation. Suspected ethical violations which are unresolved or which otherwise need to be considered by the Board of Directors should be placed on the agenda for the next Board meeting. If the suspected ethical violation involves a member of the Board of Directors, such member shall abstain from participating in the resolution by the Board of Directors or any special committee to which such matter may be referred. Suspected ethical violations by directors or executive officers will not be considered to violate our Code if and only if the Board of Directors, with regard to the matter under consideration, has determined that the activity which gives rise to the suspected ethical violation is waived as required by the "Amendment, Modification and Waiver" section below.
No adverse action will be taken against any employee for making a complaint or disclosing information in good faith, and any employee who retaliates in any way against an employee who in good faith reports any violation or suspected violation of this Code will be subject to disciplinary action, including termination.
Any violation of this Code will be grounds for immediate disciplinary action, including termination.
XII. AMENDMENT, MODIFICATION AND WAIVER
Any amendment or modification of this Code must be approved by the Company's Board of Directors. Any amendment or modification that applies to an officer or director of the Company shall be subject to disclosure thereof in accordance with applicable law and regulations.
Any waiver of this Code for non-executive employees may be granted by the Company's chief financial officer. Any waiver of this Code for directors or executive officers may be granted only by the Board of Directors or by the Company's Audit Committee, must be promptly disclosed to the Company's shareholders, and shall be subject to the disclosure and other provisions of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and the rules promulgated thereunder.
XIII. CONCLUSION
We are each responsible for safeguarding and promoting the Company's ethics and business reputation. Of course, doing the right thing may not always be easy. Many situations will involve subtleties and complexities that lead to difficult choices. When in doubt, take a step back to ask yourself whether the situation feels right, and consider whether you feel confident that your actions would withstand scrutiny. If necessary, take another careful look at this Code for guidance and seek advice from a supervisor or other colleague. Your actions should not have even the appearance of impropriety.
Any employee who ignores or violates any of the Company's ethical standards, and any supervisor who penalizes a subordinate for trying to follow these ethical standards, will be subject to corrective action, including possible immediate dismissal. It is the Company's hope, however, that your own moral compass and desire to be a part of an honest and ethical organization governs your conduct in accordance with this Code, rather than the threat of discipline. Simply put, the Company seeks to employ people who believe that honest and ethical behavior is not only good business, but also the right thing to do personally.
As
adopted by the Board of Directors of the Company on November 18, 2004
and updated on December , 2005.
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I,
do hereby certify that:
(Print Name Above)
Date: |
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(Signature) |
EACH EMPLOYEE, OFFICER, DIRECTOR AND MATERIAL CONSULTANT IS REQUIRED TO SIGN, DATE AND RETURN THIS CERTIFICATION TO THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER WITHIN 10 DAYS OF ISSUANCE. FAILURE TO DO SO MAY RESULT IN DISCIPLINARY ACTION.
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Exhibit 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We hereby consent to the use in this Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of our reports dated November 22, 2005 relating to the financial statements of EXCO Resources, Inc. (formerly EXCO Holdings II, Inc.) and the consolidated financial statements of EXCO Holdings Inc., and of our report dated March 18, 2004 except as to Note 2, for which the date is November 22, 2005 relating to the consolidated financial statements of EXCO Resources, Inc., which appear in such Registration Statement. We also consent to the references to us under the heading "Experts" in such Registration Statement.
/s/
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Dallas, Texas
January 5, 2006
EXHIBIT 23.2
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We consent to the reference to our firm under the caption "Experts" and to the use of our report dated February 28, 2003 in Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement (Form S-1 No. 333-129935) and related Prospectus of EXCO Resources, Inc. for the registration of its common stock.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Dallas,
Texas
January 5, 2006
EXHIBIT 23.3
The Board of Directors
TXOK Acquisition, Inc.
We consent to the use of our report dated October 30, 2005, with respect to the consolidated balance sheets of ONEOK Energy Resources Company and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholder's equity and comprehensive income, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2004, included herein and to the reference to our firm under the heading "Experts" in the prospectus. Our report refers to an adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 143, Accounting for Asset Retirement, effective January 1, 2003.
/s/ KPMG LLP
Tulsa,
Oklahoma
January 4, 2006
EXHIBIT 23.4
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
We consent to the incorporation by reference in this Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of EXCO Resources, Inc., including all amendments thereto, of our report dated January 30, 2004 relating to the consolidated balance sheets of North Coast Energy, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2003 and 2002, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders' equity and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 and the nine month period ended December 31, 2001.
/s/ Hausser + Taylor LLC
Cleveland,
Ohio
January 5, 2006
Exhibit 23.6
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT PETROLEUM ENGINEERS
Lee Keeling and Associates, Inc. hereby consents to the references to our firm, to our report on the estimated proved oil and natural gas reserve quantities of EXCO Resources, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries presented as of December 31, 2002, 2003, and 2004, and our audit on the pro forma estimated proved oil and natural gas quantities (pro forma for the estimated proved reserves of the subsidiaries of TXOK Acquisition, Inc., which were acquired from ONEOK Energy, as defined in the Form S-1) presented as of September 30, 2005, included in this Registration Statement on Form S-1 (including any amendments thereto) as well as in the notes to the financial statements included therein (collectively, the "Form S-1"), to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
We further consent to the reference to our firm as experts in this Form S-1, including the prospectus included in this Form S-1.
/s/
LEE KEELING AND ASSOCIATES, INC.
LEE KEELING AND ASSOCIATES, INC. |
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Tulsa, Oklahoma January 4, 2006 |
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