As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 19, 2006
Registration No. 333-135082
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Amendment No. 6
to
FORM S-11
FOR REGISTRATION UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
OF CERTAIN REAL ESTATE COMPANIES
DOUGLAS EMMETT, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its governing instruments)
808 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 200
Santa Monica, California 90401
(310) 255-7700
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant's principal executive offices)
William Kamer
Chief Financial Officer
808 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 200
Santa Monica, California 90401
(310) 255-7700
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
Copies to:
Gregg A. Noel, Esq.
Jennifer A. Bensch, Esq. Rand S. April, Esq. Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP 300 South Grand Avenue, Suite 3400 Los Angeles, California 90071 Telephone: (213) 687-5000 |
Julian T. H. Kleindorfer, Esq.
Edward Sonnenschein, Jr., Esq. Martha B. Jordan, Esq. Latham & Watkins LLP 633 West Fifth Street, Suite 4000 Los Angeles, California 90071 Telephone: (213) 485-1234 |
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement becomes effective.
If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement of the same offering. o
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434, please check the following box. o
The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until this registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
This Amendment No. 6 is being filed solely for the purpose of filing Exhibits 1.1, 3.1, 3.2, 5.1, 8.1, 23.1 and 23.2. No changes have been made to the preliminary prospectus constituting Part I of the Registration Statment or to Part II of the Registration Statement (other than to reflect in Item 36 and the Exhibit Table the filing of Exhibits 1.1, 3.1, 3.2, 5.1, 8.1, 23.1 and 23.2).
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 31. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.
The following table itemizes the fees and expenses incurred by us in connection with the issuance and registration of the securities being registered hereunder. All amounts shown are estimates except the Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee, the National Association of Securities Dealers fee and the NYSE listing fee.
SEC Registration Fee | $ | 142,123.00 | ||
National Association of Securities Dealers Fee | 75,500.00 | |||
Accounting Fees and Expenses | 4,500,000.00 | |||
Legal Fees and Expenses (other than Blue Sky) | 6,500,000.00 | |||
Blue Sky Fees and Expenses | 10,000.00 | |||
Printing Expenses | 750,000.00 | |||
NYSE Listing Fees | 341,100.00 | |||
Miscellaneous | 4,681,277.00 | |||
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Total | $ | 17,000,000.00 | ||
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Item 32. Sales to Special Parties.
None.
Item 33. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities.
Upon our formation on June 28, 2005, Dan A. Emmett was issued 50 shares of our common stock for total consideration of $50.00 in cash, and Jordan Kaplan was issued 50 shares of our common stock for total consideration of $50.00 in cash. The issuance of such shares was effected in reliance upon an exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) under the Securities Act.
In connection with the formation transactions, 58,617,573 shares of common stock and 50,512,427 units of limited partnership in our operating partnership with an aggregate value of $3.57 billion, assuming a price per share or unit at the mid-point of the range set forth on the cover page of the prospectus that forms a part of this registration statement, will be issued to certain persons transferring interests in our historical operating companies, the institutional funds, the investment funds and the single-asset entities to us in consideration of such transfer. All such persons made irrevocable elections to receive such securities in the formation transactions prior to the filing of this registration statement with the SEC. All of such persons are "accredited investors" as defined under Regulation D of the Securities Act. The issuance of such shares and units will be effected in reliance upon an exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) under the Securities Act.
In addition, upon consummation of this offering, stock options and LTIP units will be granted pursuant to our stock incentive plan to certain executive officers, the number of which will be based on a formula using the mid-point of the price range for this offering to be set forth on the cover page of the prospectus. All such executive officers irrevocably committed to accept such options and LTIP units prior to the filing of this Registration Statement and are "accredited investors" as defined under Regulation D of the Securities Act. The grants will be effected in reliance upon an exemption from registration under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.
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Item 34. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
The MGCL permits a Maryland corporation to include in its charter a provision limiting the liability of its directors and officers to the corporation and its stockholders for money damages except for liability resulting from actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services or active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment as being material to the cause of action. Our charter contains such a provision which eliminates such liability to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law.
Our charter authorizes us, to the maximum extent that Maryland law in effect from time to time permits, to obligate us to indemnify any present or former director or officer or any individual who, while a director or officer of our company and at our request, serves or has served another corporation, real estate investment trust, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise as a director, officer, partner or trustee, from and against any claim or liability to which that individual may become subject or which that individual may incur by reason of his or her service in any such capacity and to pay or reimburse his or her reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding. Our bylaws obligate us, to the fullest extent permitted by Maryland law in effect from time to time, to indemnify and, without requiring a preliminary determination of the ultimate entitlement to indemnification, pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding to:
Our charter and bylaws also permit us to indemnify and advance expenses to any person who served a predecessor of ours in any of the capacities described above and to any employee or agent of our company or a predecessor of our company.
The MGCL requires a corporation (unless its charter provides otherwise, which our charter does not) to indemnify a director or officer who has been successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of any proceeding to which he or she is made or threatened to be made a party by reason of his or her service in that capacity. The MGCL permits a corporation to indemnify its present and former directors and officers, among others, against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses actually incurred by them in connection with any proceeding to which they may be made or are threatened to be made a party by reason of their service in those or other capacities unless it is established that:
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However, under the MGCL, a Maryland corporation may not indemnify for an adverse judgment in a suit by or in the right of the corporation or for a judgment of liability on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received, unless in either case a court orders indemnification and then only for expenses.
In addition, the MGCL permits a corporation to advance reasonable expenses to a director or officer upon the corporation's receipt of:
Furthermore, our officers and directors are indemnified against specified liabilities by the underwriters, and the underwriters are indemnified against certain liabilities by us, under the purchase agreements relating to this offering. See "Underwriting."
We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our executive officers and directors whereby we indemnify such executive officers and directors to the fullest extent permitted by Maryland law against all expenses and liabilities, subject to limited exceptions. These indemnification agreements also provide that upon an application for indemnity by an executive officer or director to a court of appropriate jurisdiction, such court may order us to indemnify such executive officer or director.
In addition, our directors and officers are indemnified for specified liabilities and expenses pursuant to the partnership agreement of Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, the partnership in which we serve as sole general partner.
Item 35. Treatment of Proceeds from Stock Being Registered.
None.
(A) Financial Statements. See Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes thereto.
(B) Exhibits. The following exhibits are filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this registration statement on Form S-11:
Exhibits
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1.1 | Form of Underwriting Agreement. | |
3.1 | Articles of Amendment and Restatement of Douglas Emmett, Inc. | |
3.2 | Amended and Restated Bylaws of Douglas Emmett, Inc. | |
4.1 | Form of Certificate of Common Stock of Douglas Emmett, Inc.(4) | |
5.1 | Opinion of Venable LLP, with respect to the legality of the shares being registered. | |
8.1 | Opinion of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP with respect to tax matters. | |
10.1 | Form of Agreement of Limited Partnership of Douglas Emmett Properties, LP.(4) | |
10.2 | Amended and Restated Discount MBS Multifamily Note for $117,600,000 between Fannie Mae and Barrington Pacific, LLC, dated December 22, 2004.(2) | |
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10.22 | Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, DERF 2002 Acquisition, LLC and Douglas Emmett Realty Fund 2002, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) | |
10.23 | Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., DERF 2005 Acquisition, LLC, Douglas Emmett 2005 REIT, Inc. and Douglas Emmett Realty Fund 2005, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) | |
10.24 | Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Opp Fund Acquisition, LLC and The Opportunity Fund, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) | |
10.25 | Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Opp Fund 1995 Acquisition, LLC and The Opportunity Fund 1995, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) | |
10.26 | Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Opp Fund 1996 Acquisition, LLC and The Opportunity Fund 1996, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) | |
10.27 | Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Barry Acquisition, LLC and Barry Properties, Ltd., dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) | |
10.28 | Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Kiowa Acquisition, LLC and Kiowa Properties, Ltd., dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) | |
10.29 | Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Barrington/Kiowa Acquisition, LLC and Barrington/Kiowa Properties, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) | |
10.30 | Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, BSVM Acquisition, LLC and Brentwood-San Vicente Medical, Ltd., dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) | |
10.31 | Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Brentwood Court Acquisition, LLC and Brentwood Court, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) | |
10.32 | Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Brentwood Plaza Acquisition, LLC and Brentwood Plaza, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) | |
10.33 | Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, San Vicente Plaza Acquisition, LLC and San Vicente Plaza, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) | |
10.34 | Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Owensmouth Acquisition, LLC and Owensmouth/Warner, LLC, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) | |
10.35 | Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., DECO Acquisition, LLC, DERA Acquisition, LLC, Douglas, Emmett and Company and Douglas Emmett Realty Advisors, Inc., dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) | |
10.36 | P.L.E. OP Contribution Agreement among Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Douglas Emmett Realty Advisors, Inc. and the stockholders of P.L.E. Builders, Inc., dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) | |
10.37 | REIT Contribution Agreement among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Douglas Emmett Realty Advisors, Inc., Aberdeen Properties, Coral Realty, EA Realty, New September, LLC and the contributors signatory thereto, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) | |
10.38 | HBRCT OP Contribution Agreement among Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Douglas Emmett Realty Advisors and HBRCT LLC., dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) | |
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10.39 | Asset Contribution Agreement among Douglas Emmett, Inc., DERA Acquisition, LLC, DECO Acquisition, LLC, DERF 2005 Acquisition, LLC and Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) | |
10.40 | Employment Agreement between Douglas Emmett, Inc. and Andres Gavinet.(4) | |
10.41 | Form of LTIP Unit Award Agreement.(4) | |
10.42 | $170,000,000 Loan Agreement dated as of August 25, 2005 among Douglas Emmett 1993, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Eurohypo AG, New York Branch, and Barclays Capital Real Estate Inc.(3) | |
10.43 | $260,000,000 Loan Agreement dated as of August 25, 2005 among Douglas Emmett 1995, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Eurohypo AG, New York Branch, and Barclays Capital Real Estate Inc.(3) | |
10.44 | $215,000,000 Loan Agreement dated as of August 25, 2005 among Douglas Emmett 1996, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Eurohypo AG, New York Branch, and Barclays Capital Real Estate Inc.(3) | |
10.45 | $425,000,000 Loan Agreement dated as of August 25, 2005 among Douglas Emmett 1997, LLC, Westwood Place Investors, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Eurohypo AG, New York Branch, and Barclays Capital Real Estate Inc.(3) | |
10.46 | $150,000,000 Loan Agreement dated as of August 25, 2005 among Douglas Emmett 1998, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Eurohypo AG, New York Branch, and Barclays Capital Real Estate Inc.(3) | |
10.47 | $425,000,000 Loan Agreement dated as of August 25, 2005 among Douglas Emmett 2000, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Eurohypo AG, New York Branch, and Barclays Capital Real Estate Inc.(3) | |
10.48 | $110,000,000 Loan Agreement dated as of August 25, 2005 among Douglas Emmett 2002, LLC, DEG, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Eurohypo AG, New York Branch, and Barclays Capital Real Estate Inc.(3) | |
10.49 | Joinder and Supplement Agreement dated as of August 25, 2005 among Douglas Emmett 2002, LLC and DEG, LLC made with reference to the Loan Agreement dated as of August 25, 2005 by and among Douglas Emmett 2002, LLC, the lenders party thereto and Eurohypo AG, New York Branch.(3) | |
10.50 | Form of LTIP Unit Designation.(4) | |
10.51 | Form of Credit Agreement among Douglas Emmett 2006, LLC, Bank of America, N.A., Banc of America Securities, LLC, Bank of Montreal, Bayerische Landesbank, Wachovia Bank, N.A. and the other lenders party thereto.(4) | |
10.52 | Form of Modification Agreement among Douglas Emmett 1993, LLC, Brentwood Plaza, the lenders party thereto and Eurohypo AG, New York Branch.(4) | |
10.53 | Form of Modification Agreement among Douglas Emmett 1995, LLC, the lenders party thereto and Eurohypo AG, New York Branch.(4) | |
10.54 | Form of Modification Agreement among Douglas Emmett 1996, LLC, the lenders party thereto and Eurohypo AG, New York Branch.(4) | |
10.55 | Form of Modification Agreement among Douglas Emmett 1997, LLC, Westwood Place Investors, LLC, the lenders party thereto and Eurohypo AG, New York Branch.(4) | |
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10.56 | Form of Modification Agreement among Douglas Emmett 1998, LLC, Brentwood Court, Brentwood-San Vicente Medical, Ltd., the lenders party thereto and Eurohypo AG, New York Branch.(4) | |
10.57 | Form of Modification Agreement among Douglas Emmett 2000, LLC, the lenders party thereto and Eurohypo AG, New York Branch.(4) | |
10.58 | Form of Modification Agreement among Douglas Emmett 2002, LLC, DEG, LLC, San Vicente Plaza, Owensmouth/Warner, LLC, the lenders party thereto and Eurohypo AG, New York Branch.(4) | |
10.59 | Form of Joinder and Supplement Agreement among Douglas Emmett 1993, LLC and Brentwood Plaza made with reference to the Modification Agreement among Douglas Emmett 1993, LLC, the lenders party thereto and Eurohypo AG, New York Branch.(4) | |
10.60 | Form of Joinder and Supplement Agreement among Douglas Emmett 1998, LLC, Brentwood Court and Brentwood-San Vicente Medical, Ltd. made with reference to the Modification Agreement among Douglas Emmett 1998, LLC, the lenders party thereto and Eurohypo AG, New York Branch.(4) | |
10.61 | Form of Joinder and Supplement Agreement among Douglas Emmett 2002, LLC, DEG, LLC, San Vicente Plaza and Owensmouth/Warner, LLC made with reference to the Modification Agreement among Douglas Emmett 2002, LLC, DEG, LLC, the lenders party thereto and Eurohypo AG, New York Branch.(4) | |
21.1 | List of Subsidiaries of the Registrant.(4) | |
23.1 | Consent of Venable LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1). | |
23.2 | Consent of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP (included in Exhibit 8.1). | |
23.3 | Consent of Ernst & Young LLP.(5) | |
23.4 | Consent of Eastdil Secured.(1) | |
24.1 | Power of Attorney (included on the Signature Page).(1) | |
99.1 | Consent of Victor J. Coleman.(1) | |
99.2 | Consent of Thomas E. O'Hern.(1) | |
99.3 | Consent of Dr. Andrea L. Rich.(1) | |
99.4 | Consent of William Wilson III.(1) | |
99.5 | Consent of Leslie E. Bider.(2) | |
99.6 | Consent of Ghebre Selassie Mehreteab.(2) | |
99.7 | Portfolio and Market Evaluation Report Prepared by Eastdil Secured.(3) |
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The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that:
(1) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance under Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4), or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.
(2) For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and this offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
The undersigned registrant hereby further undertakes to provide to the underwriter at the closing specified in the underwriting agreements, certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriter to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.
Insofar as indemnification of liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Company pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Company has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Company of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Company in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Company will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-11 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 6 to the registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the city of Santa Monica, state of California, on October 19, 2006.
DOUGLAS EMMETT, INC | |||
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By: |
/s/ JORDAN KAPLAN |
Name: Jordan Kaplan
Title: Chief Executive Officer |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature
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Title
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Date
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/s/
JORDAN KAPLAN
Jordan Kaplan |
Chief Executive Officer, President and Director (Principal Executive Officer) | October 19, 2006 | ||
* William Kamer |
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Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) |
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October 19, 2006 |
* Barbara J. Orr |
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Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer) |
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October 19, 2006 |
* Dan A. Emmett |
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Chairman of the Board of Directors |
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October 19, 2006 |
*By: |
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/s/ JORDAN KAPLAN Jordan Kaplan Attorney-in-fact |
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10.17 |
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Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, DERF 1995 Acquisition, LLC and Douglas Emmett Realty Fund 1995, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) |
10.18 |
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Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, DERF 1996 Acquisition, LLC and Douglas Emmett Realty Fund 1996, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) |
10.19 |
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Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, DERF 1997 Acquisition, LLC and Douglas Emmett Realty Fund 1997, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) |
10.20 |
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Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, DERF 1998 Acquisition, LLC and Douglas Emmett Realty Fund 1998, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) |
10.21 |
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Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, DERF 2000 Acquisition, LLC and Douglas Emmett Realty Fund 2000, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) |
10.22 |
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Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, DERF 2002 Acquisition, LLC and Douglas Emmett Realty Fund 2002, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) |
10.23 |
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Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., DERF 2005 Acquisition, LLC, Douglas Emmett 2005 REIT, Inc. and Douglas Emmett Realty Fund 2005, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) |
10.24 |
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Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Opp Fund Acquisition, LLC and The Opportunity Fund, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) |
10.25 |
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Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Opp Fund 1995 Acquisition, LLC and The Opportunity Fund 1995, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) |
10.26 |
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Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Opp Fund 1996 Acquisition, LLC and The Opportunity Fund 1996, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) |
10.27 |
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Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Barry Acquisition, LLC and Barry Properties, Ltd., dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) |
10.28 |
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Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Kiowa Acquisition, LLC and Kiowa Properties, Ltd., dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) |
10.29 |
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Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Barrington/Kiowa Acquisition, LLC and Barrington/Kiowa Properties, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) |
10.30 |
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Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, BSVM Acquisition, LLC and Brentwood-San Vicente Medical, Ltd., dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) |
10.31 |
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Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Brentwood Court Acquisition, LLC and Brentwood Court, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) |
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10.32 |
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Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Brentwood Plaza Acquisition, LLC and Brentwood Plaza, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) |
10.33 |
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Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, San Vicente Plaza Acquisition, LLC and San Vicente Plaza, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) |
10.34 |
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Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Owensmouth Acquisition, LLC and Owensmouth/Warner, LLC, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) |
10.35 |
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Agreement and Plan of Merger among Douglas Emmett, Inc., DECO Acquisition, LLC, DERA Acquisition, LLC, Douglas, Emmett and Company and Douglas Emmett Realty Advisors, Inc., dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) |
10.36 |
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P.L.E. OP Contribution Agreement among Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Douglas Emmett Realty Advisors, Inc. and the stockholders of P.L.E. Builders, Inc., dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) |
10.37 |
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REIT Contribution Agreement among Douglas Emmett, Inc., Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Douglas Emmett Realty Advisors, Inc., Aberdeen Properties, Coral Realty, EA Realty, New September, LLC and the contributors signatory thereto, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) |
10.38 |
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HBRCT OP Contribution Agreement among Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, Douglas Emmett Realty Advisors and HBRCT LLC, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) |
10.39 |
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Asset Contribution Agreement among Douglas Emmett, Inc., DERA Acquisition, LLC, DECO Acquisition, LLC, DERF 2005 Acquisition, LLC and Douglas Emmett Properties, LP, dated as of June 15, 2006.(1) |
10.40 |
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Employment Agreement between Douglas Emmett, Inc. and Andres Gavinet.(4) |
10.41 |
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Form of LTIP Unit Award Agreement.(4) |
10.42 |
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$170,000,000 Loan Agreement dated as of August 25, 2005 among Douglas Emmett 1993, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Eurohypo AG, New York Branch, and Barclays Capital Real Estate Inc.(3) |
10.43 |
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$260,000,000 Loan Agreement dated as of August 25, 2005 among Douglas Emmett 1995, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Eurohypo AG, New York Branch, and Barclays Capital Real Estate Inc.(3) |
10.44 |
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$215,000,000 Loan Agreement dated as of August 25, 2005 among Douglas Emmett 1996, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Eurohypo AG, New York Branch, and Barclays Capital Real Estate Inc.(3) |
10.45 |
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$425,000,000 Loan Agreement dated as of August 25, 2005 among Douglas Emmett 1997, LLC, Westwood Place Investors, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Eurohypo AG, New York Branch, and Barclays Capital Real Estate Inc.(3) |
10.46 |
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$150,000,000 Loan Agreement dated as of August 25, 2005 among Douglas Emmett 1998, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Eurohypo AG, New York Branch, and Barclays Capital Real Estate Inc.(3) |
10.47 |
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$425,000,000 Loan Agreement dated as of August 25, 2005 among Douglas Emmett 2000, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Eurohypo AG, New York Branch, and Barclays Capital Real Estate Inc.(3) |
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10.48 |
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$110,000,000 Loan Agreement dated as of August 25, 2005 among Douglas Emmett 2002, LLC, DEG, LLC, the lenders party thereto, Eurohypo AG, New York Branch, and Barclays Capital Real Estate Inc.(3) |
10.49 |
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Joinder and Supplement Agreement dated as of August 25, 2005 among Douglas Emmett 2002, LLC, and DEG, LLC, made with reference to the Loan Agreement dated as of August 25, 2005 by and among Douglas Emmett 2002, LLC, the lenders party thereto and Eurohypo AG, New York Branch.(3) |
10.50 |
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Form of LTIP Unit Designation.(4) |
10.51 |
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Form of Credit Agreement among Douglas Emmett 2006, LLC, Bank of America, N.A., Banc of America Securities, LLC, Bank of Montreal, Bayerische Landesbank, Wachovia Bank, N.A. and the other lenders party thereto.(4) |
10.52 |
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Form of Modification Agreement among Douglas Emmett 1993, LLC, Brentwood Plaza, the lenders party thereto and Eurohypo AG, New York Branch.(4) |
10.53 |
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Form of Modification Agreement among Douglas Emmett 1995, LLC, the lenders party thereto and Eurohypo AG, New York Branch.(4) |
10.54 |
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Form of Modification Agreement among Douglas Emmett 1996, LLC, the lenders party thereto and Eurohypo AG, New York Branch.(4) |
10.55 |
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Form of Modification Agreement among Douglas Emmett 1997, LLC, Westwood Place Investors, LLC, the lenders party thereto and Eurohypo AG, New York Branch.(4) |
10.56 |
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Form of Modification Agreement among Douglas Emmett 1998, LLC, Brentwood Court, Brentwood-San Vicente Medical, Ltd., the lenders party thereto and Eurohypo AG, New York Branch.(4) |
10.57 |
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Form of Modification Agreement among Douglas Emmett 2000, LLC, the lenders party thereto and Eurohypo AG, New York Branch.(4) |
10.58 |
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Form of Modification Agreement among Douglas Emmett 2002, LLC, DEG, LLC, San Vicente Plaza, Owensmouth/Warner, LLC, the lenders party thereto and Eurohypo AG, New York Branch.(4) |
10.59 |
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Form of Joinder and Supplement Agreement among Douglas Emmett 1993, LLC and Brentwood Plaza made with reference to the Modification Agreement among Douglas Emmett 1993, LLC, the lenders party thereto and Eurohypo AG, New York Branch.(4) |
10.60 |
|
Form of Joinder and Supplement Agreement among Douglas Emmett 1998, LLC, Brentwood Court and Brentwood-San Vicente Medical, Ltd. made with reference to the Modification Agreement among Douglas Emmett 1998, LLC, the lenders party thereto and Eurohypo AG, New York Branch.(4) |
10.61 |
|
Form of Joinder and Supplement Agreement among Douglas Emmett 2002, LLC, DEG, LLC, San Vicente Plaza and Owensmouth/Warner, LLC made with reference to the Modification Agreement among Douglas Emmett 2002, LLC, DEG, LLC, the lenders party thereto and Eurohypo AG, New York Branch.(4) |
21.1 |
|
List of Subsidiaries of the Registrant.(4) |
23.1 |
|
Consent of Venable LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1). |
23.2 |
|
Consent of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP (included in Exhibit 8.1). |
II-13
23.3 |
|
Consent of Ernst & Young LLP.(5) |
23.4 |
|
Consent of Eastdil Secured.(1) |
24.1 |
|
Power of Attorney (included on the Signature Page).(1) |
99.1 |
|
Consent of Victor J. Coleman.(1) |
99.2 |
|
Consent of Thomas E. O'Hern.(1) |
99.3 |
|
Consent of Dr. Andrea L. Rich.(1) |
99.4 |
|
Consent of William Wilson III.(1) |
99.5 |
|
Consent of Leslie E. Bider.(2) |
99.6 |
|
Consent of Ghebre Selassie Mehreteab.(2) |
99.7 |
|
Portfolio and Market Evaluation Report Prepared by Eastdil Secured.(3) |
II-14
Shares
DOUGLAS EMMETT, INC.
Common Stock
October , 2006
LEHMAN BROTHERS INC.
MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH INCORPORATED
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS INC.
As Representatives of the several
Underwriters named in Schedule 1 attached hereto,
c/o Lehman Brothers Inc.
745 Seventh Avenue
New York, New York 10019
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Douglas Emmett, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the " Company "), proposes to sell to the underwriters (the " Underwriters ") named in Schedule 1 attached to this agreement (this " Agreement ") shares (the " Firm Stock ") of the Company's common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the " Common Stock "). In addition, the Company proposes to grant to the Underwriters an option to purchase up to, additional shares of Common Stock on the terms set forth in Section 2 (the " Option Stock "). The Firm Stock and the Option Stock, if purchased, are hereinafter collectively called the " Stock ." This is to confirm the agreement concerning the purchase of the Stock from the Company by the Underwriters.
The Company is the sole stockholder of its wholly owned subsidiary Douglas Emmett Management, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the " General Partner "), which is the sole general partner of Douglas Emmett Properties, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (the " Operating Partnership "). On or prior to the Initial Delivery (as hereafter defined), the Company, the Operating Partnership and certain of their existing and newly formed subsidiaries will complete a series of transactions described in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus (as hereinafter defined) under the caption "Structure and Formation of Our Company" pursuant to which the Company will directly or indirectly acquire, in a series of merger and contribution transactions, the "historical operating companies," the "institutional funds," the "investment funds" and the "single-asset entities" (each as defined in the Prospectus, the " Predecessor Entities "). The acquisitions of the Predecessor Entities as described in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus are hereinafter referred to as (the " Formation Transactions ").
1. Representations, Warranties and Agreements of the Company, the General Partner and the Operating Partnership. Each of the Company, the General Partner and the Operating Partnership, jointly and severally, represents, warrants and agrees that:
(a) A registration statement on Form S-11 relating to the Stock has (i) been prepared by the Company in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the " Securities Act "), and the rules and regulations (the " Rules and Regulations ") of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the " Commission ") thereunder; (ii) been filed with the Commission under the Securities Act (file number 333-135082); and (iii) become effective under the Securities Act. Copies of such registration statement and any amendment thereto have been
delivered by the Company to you as the representatives (the " Representatives ") of the Underwriters. As used in this Agreement:
(i) " Applicable Time " means [a.m.][p.m.] (New York City time) on the date of this Agreement;
(ii) " Effective Date " means the date and time as of which such registration statement, or the most recent post-effective amendment thereto, was declared effective by the Commission;
(iii) " Issuer Free Writing Prospectus " means each "free writing prospectus" (as defined in Rule 405 of the Rules and Regulations) prepared by or on behalf of the Company or used or referred to by the Company in connection with the offering of the Stock;
(iv) " Preliminary Prospectus " means any preliminary prospectus relating to the Stock included in such registration statement before and at the Effective Date that omits Rule 430A Information (as defined below) or filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(a) of the Rules and Regulations;
(v) " Pricing Disclosure Package " means, as of the Applicable Time, the most recent Preliminary Prospectus and the information listed on Schedule 2, together with each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus filed or used by the Company on or before the Applicable Time and identified on Annex A hereto, other than a road show that is an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus but is not required to be filed under Rule 433 of the Rules and Regulations.
(vi) " Prospectus " means the final prospectus relating to the Stock, as filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the Rules and Regulations; and
(vii) " Registration Statement " means such registration statement, as amended as of the Effective Date, including any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus and all exhibits to such registration statement, and including all information deemed to be a part of the Registration Statement as of the Effective Date pursuant to Rule 430A of the Rules and Regulations and contained in the Prospectus (the " Rule 430A Information ").
If the Company has filed an abbreviated registration statement to register additional shares of Common Stock pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act (the " Rule 462 Registration Statement "), then any reference herein to the term " Registration Statement " shall be deemed to include such Rule 462(b) Registration Statement.
Any reference to the " most recent Preliminary Prospectus " shall refer to the latest Preliminary Prospectus included in the Registration Statement or filed pursuant to Rule 424(a) prior to or on the date hereof. The Commission has not issued any order preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus or suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, and no proceeding or examination for such purpose has been instituted or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened by the Commission.
(b) The Company was not at the time of initial filing of the Registration Statement an "ineligible issuer" (as defined in Rule 405).
(c) The Registration Statement conformed and will conform in all material respects on the Effective Date and on the applicable Delivery Date, and any amendment to the Registration Statement filed after the date hereof will conform in all material respects when filed, to the requirements of the Securities Act and the Rules and Regulations. The most recent Preliminary Prospectus conformed, and the Prospectus will conform in all material respects when filed with the Commission (with respect to the Prospectus, pursuant to Rule 424 (b)) and on the applicable Delivery Date, to the requirements of the Securities Act and the Rules and Regulations.
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(d) The Registration Statement did not, as of the Effective Date, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; provided that no representation or warranty is made as to information contained in or omitted from the Registration Statement in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company through the Representatives by or on behalf of any Underwriter specifically for inclusion therein, which information is specified in Section 8(e).
(e) The Prospectus will not, as of its date and on the applicable Delivery Date, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that no representation or warranty is made as to information contained in or omitted from the Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company through the Representatives by or on behalf of any Underwriter specifically for inclusion therein, which information is specified in Section 8(e).
(f) The Pricing Disclosure Package did not, as of the Applicable Time, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that no representation or warranty is made as to information contained in or omitted from the Pricing Disclosure Package in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company through the Representatives by or on behalf of any Underwriter specifically for inclusion therein, which information is specified in Section 8(e).
(g) Each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus (including, without limitation, any road show that is a free writing prospectus under Rule 433), when considered together with the Pricing Disclosure Package as of the Applicable Time, did not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.
(h) Each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus conformed or will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Securities Act and the Rules and Regulations on the date of first use, and the Company has complied in all material respects with all prospectus delivery and any filing requirements applicable to such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus pursuant to the Rules and Regulations. The Company has not made any offer relating to the Stock that would constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus without the prior written consent of the Representatives; provided , that such consent is deemed to have been given with respect to each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus identified on Annex A hereto. The Company has retained in accordance with the Rules and Regulations all Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses that were not required to be filed pursuant to the Rules and Regulations. The Company has taken all actions necessary so that any "road show" (as defined in Rule 433 of the Rules and Regulations) in connection with the offering of the Stock will not be required to be filed pursuant to the Rules and Regulations.
(i) The Company and each of its subsidiaries (as defined in Section 17) has been duly organized, is validly existing and in good standing (to the extent that such concept exists) as a corporation or other business entity under the laws of its jurisdiction of organization and is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing (to the extent that such concept exists) as a foreign corporation or other business entity in each jurisdiction in which its ownership or lease of property or the conduct of its businesses requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing would not, in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the condition (financial or otherwise), results of operations, stockholders' equity, properties, business or prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole (a " Material Adverse Effect "). The Company and each of its subsidiaries has all requisite
3
corporate, limited liability company or partnership power and authority, as applicable, to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under this Agreement and the Formation Transaction Documents, in each case, to the extent that it is a party hereto or thereto, to own or hold its properties and to conduct the businesses in which it is engaged. The Company does not own or control, directly or indirectly, any corporation, association or other entity that is or will be, upon consummation of the Formation Transactions, a "significant subsidiary" (within the meaning of Rule 1-02(w) of Regulation S-X) other than the subsidiaries listed in Exhibit 21.1 to the Registration Statement.
(j) The Company has an authorized capitalization as set forth in each of the most recent Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus under "Capitalization", and all of the issued shares of capital stock of the Company have been duly authorized and validly issued, are fully paid and non-assessable, conform in all material respects to the description thereof contained in each of the most recent Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus and were issued in compliance with federal and state securities laws and not in material violation of any statutory or contractual preemptive right, resale right, right of first refusal or similar right. Except as set forth in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus, as of the date hereof, no options, warrants or other rights to purchase, agreements or other obligations to issue, or rights to convert any obligations into or exchange any securities or interests for shares of the Company's or its subsidiaries' capital stock or other ownership interests (collectively, " Options "), have been issued or are outstanding. Except as set forth in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus and other than shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance upon exchange or redemption of the Units (defined below) or in connection with the Company's omnibus stock incentive plan described in the Prospectus, no shares of Common Stock are required to be reserved for any purpose.
(k) All of the issued shares of capital stock or other ownership interests of each subsidiary of the Company (i) have been duly authorized and validly issued, (ii) with respect to each subsidiary that is a corporation, are fully paid and non-assessable, (iii) were issued in compliance in all material respects with federal and state securities laws and not in material violation of any statutory or contractual preemptive right, resale right, right of first refusal or similar right and (iv) as of the Initial Delivery Date (except as set forth in each of the most recent Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus and, in the case of the Operating Partnership, except as contemplated in the immediately following sentence), will be owned directly or indirectly by the Company, free and clear of any perfected security interests, claims, mortgages, pledges, liens, encumbrances or equities (collectively " Liens "), except for Liens described in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus and except for such Liens as would not, in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. At the Effective Time, the aggregate percentage interests of the Company in the General Partner, and of the Company, the General Partner and the limited partners in the Operating Partnership, will be as set forth in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus, subject to changes resulting from any difference between the actual price per share of the Stock purchased under this Agreement and the mid-point of the range of prices set forth on the cover page of the Preliminary Prospectus; provided, that to the extent any portion of the Option Stock is issued at the Initial Delivery Date pursuant to an exercise of the option granted in Section 2, the percentage interest of the Company and of such limited partners in the Operating Partnership will be adjusted accordingly.
(l) The shares of the Stock to be issued and sold by the Company to the Underwriters hereunder and the shares of Common Stock to be issued in the Formation Transactions to the individuals and entities that own interests in the Predecessor Entities and the Options to purchase Common Stock described in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus to be issued upon consummation of the sale of the Stock to the Underwriters (the " Incentive Options ") have been duly authorized by the Company and, upon payment and delivery in accordance with
4
this Agreement or the applicable Formation Transaction Documents (as defined below), will be validly issued, fully paid and, except for the Incentive Options, non-assessable, will conform in all material respects to the description thereof contained in each of the most recent Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus, will be issued in compliance with federal and state securities laws and will be free of statutory and contractual preemptive rights, resale rights, rights of first refusal and similar rights.
(m) The units of limited partnership of the Operating Partnership (" Units ") issued or to be issued in the Formation Transactions, including without limitation, the Units to be issued to the Company or the General Partner, and the long-term incentive plan units of the Operating Partnership (the " LTIP Units ") described in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus to be issued upon consummation of the sale of the Stock to the Underwriters have been duly authorized by the Operating Partnership and, upon payment and delivery in accordance with the applicable Formation Transaction Documents, will be validly issued and will conform in all material respects to the description thereof contained in each of the most recent Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus, will be issued in compliance with federal and state securities laws and will be free of statutory and contractual preemptive rights, resale rights, rights of first refusal and similar rights.
(n) The Company and its subsidiaries have duly authorized, executed and delivered, in each case to the extent that it is a party hereto or thereto, each of (i) this Agreement and (ii)(a) the merger and contribution agreements to be entered into in connection with the Formation Transactions and the governing documents of any other entity formed or utilized to facilitate the Formation Transactions, (b) the partnership agreement of the Operating Partnership (the " Operating Partnership Agreement ") and (c) the employment agreements by and among the Company, the Operating Partnership and each of Jordan Kaplan, Kenneth Panzer and William Kamer (the " Employment Agreements ") (collectively, the " Formation Transaction Documents "). Each Formation Transaction Document and each of the documents evidencing the issuance of and the terms of the LTIP Units and Incentive Options (the " Equity Issuance Agreements ") has been filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement (to the extent that it is required to be so filed) and each of this Agreement, the Formation Transaction Documents and the Equity Issuance Agreements constitutes a legally valid and binding obligation of the Company and its subsidiaries, to the extent that it is a party hereto or thereto, enforceable against each of them that is a party hereto or thereto in accordance with its terms, except to the extent that such enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar laws relating to or affecting creditors' rights and general principles of equity and except as rights to indemnity and contribution thereunder may be limited by applicable law or policies underlying such law.
(o) The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, the Formation Transaction Documents and the Equity Issuance Agreements by the Company and its subsidiaries, in each case to the extent that it is a party hereto or thereto, the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby and the application of the proceeds from the sale of the Stock as described under "Use of Proceeds" in each of the most recent Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus will not (i) conflict with or result in a breach or violation of any of the terms or provisions of, impose any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company or its subsidiaries, or constitute a default under, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement, license or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or its subsidiaries is a party or by which any of them is bound or to which any of the property or assets of any of them is subject; (ii) result in any violation of the provisions of the charter or by-laws (or similar organizational documents) of the Company or its subsidiaries; or (iii) result in any violation of any statute or any order, rule or regulation of any court or governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any of their properties or assets, except,
5
in the case of clauses (i) and (iii) for such conflicts, breaches violations, impositions or defaults that would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(p) No consent, approval, authorization or order of, or filing or registration with, any court or governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any of their properties or assets is required for the execution, delivery and performance by such entities of this Agreement, any of the Formation Transaction Documents or any of the Equity Issuance Agreements, in each case to the extent that it is a party hereto or thereto, or for the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, or for the application of the proceeds from the sale of the Stock as described under "Use of Proceeds" in each of the most recent Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus, except (i) for the registration of the Stock under the Securities Act and such consents, approvals, authorizations, registrations or qualifications as may be required under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the " Exchange Act "), and applicable state or foreign securities laws in connection with the purchase and sale of the Stock by the Underwriters or that will be obtained or completed by the Closing Date and (ii) for such other consents, approvals, authorizations, orders, filings or registrations the absence of which would not, in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(q) Except as identified in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus, there are no contracts, agreements or understandings between any person and any of the Company, the General Partner or the Operating Partnership granting such person the right to require any such entity to file a registration statement under the Securities Act with respect to any securities of any such entity owned or to be owned by such person or to require any such entity to include such securities among the securities registered pursuant to the Registration Statement or among the securities being registered pursuant to any other registration statement filed by the Company, the General Partner or the Operating Partnership under the Securities Act.
(r) None of the Company or the Operating Partnership has sold or issued any securities that would be integrated with the offering of the Stock contemplated by this Agreement pursuant to the Securities Act, the Rules and Regulations or the interpretations thereof by the Commission.
(s) Except as described in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus or as would not, in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Effect, (i) none of the Company nor its subsidiaries has sustained, since the date of the latest audited financial statements included in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus, any loss or interference with its business from fire, explosion, flood, earthquake or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor dispute or court or governmental action, order or decree, and (ii) since such date, there has not been any change in the capital stock or long-term debt of the Company or its subsidiaries or any adverse change, or any development involving a prospective adverse change, in or affecting the condition (financial or otherwise), results of operations, stockholders,' members' or partners' equity, properties, management, business or prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole.
(t) Since the date as of which information is given in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus and except as may otherwise be described in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus, none of the Company or its subsidiaries has (i) incurred any material liability or obligation, direct or contingent, other than liabilities and obligations that were incurred in the ordinary course of business, (ii) entered into any material transaction not in the ordinary course of business or (iii) declared or paid any dividend on its capital stock or other equity interests.
(u) The historical financial statements (including the related notes and supporting schedules) included in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus comply as to form in all material respects with the requirements of Regulation S-X under the Securities Act and present fairly the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the entities purported to be shown thereby at the
6
dates and for the periods indicated and, except as expressly stated therein, have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved.
(v) The pro forma financial statements included in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus include assumptions that provide a reasonable basis for presenting the significant effects directly attributable to the transactions and events described therein, the related pro forma adjustments give appropriate effect to those assumptions, and the pro forma adjustments reflect the proper application of those adjustments to the historical financial statement amounts in the pro forma financial statements included in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus. The pro forma financial statements included in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable requirements of Regulation S-X under the Act.
(w) The calculations of each of the nine institutional funds' average annual operating returns and internal rates of return since their respective dates of inception set forth in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus under the caption "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsHistorical Investment Performance of the Institutional Funds" accurately reflect the average annual operating returns and the internal rates of return actually achieved by such institutional funds during such periods, subject to the assumptions, definitions and methods of calculation set forth in the footnotes to the table in such section of the most recent Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus.
(x) Ernst & Young LLP, who have certified certain financial statements of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries, whose report appears in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus and who have delivered the initial letter referred to in Section 7(h) hereof, are independent public accountants as required by the Securities Act and the Rules and Regulations.
(y) (i) Upon consummation of the Formation Transactions, the Company or its subsidiaries will have fee simple title (or in the case of ground leases, a valid leasehold interest) to all of the properties described in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus as owned or leased by them and the improvements (exclusive of improvements owned by tenants or by landlords, if applicable) located thereon (individually, a " Property " and collectively, the " Properties "), in each case, free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, claims, security interests, restrictions and defects, except such as are disclosed in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus or the preliminary title reports made available to the Underwriters or do not materially affect the value of such Property and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such Property by the Company or any of its subsidiaries; (ii) except as otherwise set forth in or described in the Preliminary Prospectus, the mortgages and deeds of trust encumbering the Properties are not convertible into debt or equity securities of the Company or any of its subsidiaries and such mortgages and deeds of trust are not cross-defaulted with any loan not made to, or cross-collateralized to any property not owned directly or indirectly by, the Company or its subsidiaries; (iii) since January 1, 2003, none of the Company or any of its subsidiaries has received from any governmental authority any written notice of any condemnation of or zoning change affecting the Properties or any part thereof, and none of the Company or any of its subsidiaries knows of any such condemnation or zoning change which is threatened and, in each case, which if consummated would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, whether or not arising from transactions in the ordinary course of business; (iv) each of the Properties complies with all applicable codes, laws and regulations (including without limitation, building and zoning codes, laws and regulations and laws relating to access to the Properties), except if and to the extent disclosed in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus and except for such failures to comply that would not individually or in the aggregate reasonably be expected to materially affect the value of such Property or interfere in any material respect with the use made and proposed to be made of such Property by the Company or any of its subsidiaries; (v) the
7
Company or one or more of its subsidiaries has obtained, on or prior to the date hereof, one or more title insurance policies on, or a so-called "fairway endorsement" on existing title policies covering, the fee interests (or leasehold interests as the case may be) from a title insurance company, or, if such title insurance policy has not yet been issued, a binding commitment by such title insurance company to issue such a policy, in any event covering each Property, with coverage in an amount at least equal to 80% of the cost of acquisition of such Property (including the principal amount of any indebtedness assumed in connection with such acquisition) by the Company or the Company subsidiary that acquired such property, including the principal amount of any indebtedness assumed with respect to the Property and such title issuance policies, fairway endorsements or binding commitments, as the case may be, are in full force and effect upon the consummation of the Formation Transactions; (vi) true, correct and complete copies of the leases, exhibits, schedules or other documents that comprise (A) each lease described in the "Business and Properties" section of the most recent Preliminary Prospectus where the tenant has been specifically identified and (B) each lease for 30,000 square feet or more of space at any Property (collectively, the " Major Leases ") have been provided or made available to the Underwriters or their counsel; (vii) except as set forth in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus, neither the Company nor any subsidiary holds any Property under a ground lease, and true and complete copies of each ground lease described in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus have been provided or made available to the Underwriters or their counsel; and (viii) to the knowledge of the Company or its subsidiaries, except as set forth in or described in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus or reflected in the pro forma financial statements, and, with respect to (A) through (G) below, except as would not individually or in the aggregate reasonably be expected to materially affect the value of such Property or interfere in any material respect with the use made and proposed to be made of such Property by the Company or any subsidiary: (A) no rentals or other amounts due under the Major Leases have been paid more than one (1) month in advance; (B) no tenant has asserted in writing any defense or set-off against the payment of rent in connection with the Major Leases nor has any tenant contested any tax, operating cost or other escalation payment or occupancy charge, or any other amounts payable under its Major Leases; (C) all tenants, licensees, franchisees or other parties under the Major Leases are in possession of their respective premises; (D) none of the Major Leases has been assigned, mortgaged, pledged, sublet, hypothecated or otherwise encumbered, except for Liens securing indebtedness described in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus; (E) none of the Company or any of its subsidiaries has waived in writing any material provision under any Major Lease; (F) there are no uncured events of default, or events that with the giving of notice or passage of time, or both, would constitute an event of default, by any tenant under any of the terms and provisions of the Major Leases; and (G) no tenant under any of the leases at the Properties has a right of first refusal to purchase the premises demised under such lease.
(z) Except as set forth in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus or as would not, in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, the Company and its subsidiaries have good and marketable title to all personal property owned by them, free and clear of all encumbrances and defects, and all personal property held under lease by the Company or any of its subsidiaries is held by it under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases, in each case, with such exceptions as are not material and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company or the subsidiary.
(aa) The Company and its subsidiaries carry, or are covered by, insurance (other than title insurance, the amount of which is covered by Section 1(y) above) from insurers of recognized financial responsibility covering such risks as is customary for companies engaged in similar businesses in similar industries and in such amounts as is commercially reasonable for the value of the properties owned, in the aggregate, by the Company and its subsidiaries. All policies of insurance of the Company and its subsidiaries are in full force and effect; the Company and its
8
subsidiaries are in compliance with the terms of such policies in all material respects; and none of the Company or any of its subsidiaries has received notice from any insurer or agent of such insurer that capital improvements or other expenditures are required or necessary to be made in order to continue such insurance; there are no material claims by the Company or any of its subsidiaries under any such policy or instrument as to which any insurance company is denying liability or defending under a reservation of rights clause; and none of the Company or any such subsidiary has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew, if desired, its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business at a cost that would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(bb) The statistical and market-related data included in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus are based on or derived from sources that the Company believes to be reliable and accurate in all material respects.
(cc) None of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is, and as of the applicable Delivery Date and, after giving effect to the offer and sale of the Stock and the application of the proceeds therefrom as described under "Use of Proceeds" in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus, none of them will be, an "investment company" within the meaning of such term under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the " Investment Company Act "), and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.
(dd) There are no legal or governmental proceedings pending to which any of the Company or its subsidiaries is a party or of which any property or assets of any of them is the subject that would, in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect or would, in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the performance of this Agreement or any of the Formation Transaction Documents or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, and to the knowledge of the Company or its subsidiaries, no such proceedings are threatened or contemplated by governmental authorities or others.
(ee) There are no legal or governmental proceedings or contracts or other documents of a character required to be described in the Registration Statement or the most recent Preliminary Prospectus or, in the case of documents, to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement that are not described and filed as required. None of the Company or any of its subsidiaries has knowledge that any other party to any such contract, agreement or arrangement has any intention not to render full performance as contemplated by the terms thereof; and that statements made in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus under the captions "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsLiquidity and Capital ResourcesConsolidated Indebtedness to be Outstanding After this Offering and Giving Effect to the Financing Transactions," "Business and PropertiesLegal Proceedings," "Certain Relationships and Related Transactions," "Management," "Description of the Partnership Agreement of Douglas Emmett Properties, L.P." and "Description of Securities," insofar as they purport to constitute summaries of legal matters, agreements, documents or proceedings, are accurate and fair summaries of such legal matters, agreements, documents or proceedings in all material respects.
(ff) No relationship, direct or indirect, exists between or among the Company, on the one hand, and the directors, officers or stockholders of the Company, on the other hand, that is required to be described in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus which is not so described.
(gg) No labor dispute by the employees of the Company or any of its subsidiaries exists or, to the knowledge of the Company or its subsidiaries, is imminent that would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
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(hh) (i) Each "employee benefit plan" (within the meaning of Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (" ERISA ")) for which the Company, any of its subsidiaries or any member of their "Controlled Groups" (defined as any organization which is a member of a controlled group of corporations within the meaning of Section 414 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the " Code ")) would have any liability (each a " Plan ") has been maintained in material compliance with its terms and with the requirements of all applicable statutes, rules and regulations including ERISA and the Code; (ii) with respect to each Plan subject to Title IV of ERISA (a) no "reportable event" (within the meaning of Section 4043(c) of ERISA) has occurred or is reasonably expected to occur, (b) no "accumulated funding deficiency" (within the meaning of Section 302 of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code), whether or not waived, has occurred or is reasonably expected to occur, (c) the fair market value of the assets under each Plan exceeds the present value of all benefits accrued under such Plan (determined based on those assumptions used to fund such Plan) and (d) neither the Company, any of its subsidiaries nor any member of their respective Controlled Groups has incurred, or reasonably expects to incur, any liability under Title IV of ERISA (other than contributions to the Plan or premiums to the PBGC in the ordinary course and without default) in respect of a Plan (including a "multiemployer plan", within the meaning of Section 4001(c)(3) of ERISA); and (iii) each Plan that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code is so qualified and nothing has occurred, whether by action or by failure to act, which would cause the loss of such qualification.
(ii) Each of the Company and its subsidiaries have filed all material federal, state, local and foreign tax returns required to be filed through the date hereof, subject to permitted extensions, and all such tax returns are correct and complete in all material respects and have paid all material taxes shown as due thereon and any other material assessment, fine or penalty levied against it, to the extent that any of the foregoing is due and payable, and no material tax deficiency has been determined adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries, nor does the Company or any of its subsidiaries have any knowledge of any tax deficiencies that would, in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(jj) Each of P.L.E. Builders, Inc., Douglas Emmett Realty Advisors, and Douglas, Emmett and Company has made a valid election under Section 1362 of the Code to be treated as an S corporation for federal income tax purposes and has qualified and will qualify as an S corporation at all times from and after its initial formation through the consummation of the Formation Transactions.
(kk) Each of the Predecessor Entities that has been organized as a partnership or limited liability company for state law purposes has been and will be treated as a partnership or disregarded entity (rather than an association or partnership taxable as a corporation) for federal income tax purposes.
(ll) Commencing with its taxable year ending December 31, 2006, the Company will be organized and operated in conformity with the requirements for qualification and taxation as a real estate investment trust (a " REIT ") under the Code, and its proposed method of operation will enable it to continue to meet the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT under the Code. Each direct and indirect subsidiary of the Company will qualify as a "taxable REIT subsidiary" within the meaning of Section 856(l) of the Code, or a partnership or disregarded entity (rather than an association or partnership taxable as a corporation) within the meaning of Section 7701 of the Code and all applicable regulations under the Code.
(mm) There are no stock transfer taxes or other similar fees or charges under Federal law or the laws of any state, or any political subdivision thereof, required to be paid in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement or the issuance by the Company or sale by the Company of the Stock.
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(nn) None of the Company or its subsidiaries (i) is in violation of its charter or by-laws (or similar organizational documents), (ii) is in default, and no event has occurred that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute such a default, in the due performance or observance of any term, covenant or condition contained in any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement, license or other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it is bound or to which any of its properties or assets is subject or (iii) is in violation of any statute or any order, rule or regulation of any court or governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over it or its property or assets or has failed to obtain any license, permit, certificate, franchise or other governmental authorization or permit necessary to the ownership of its property or to the conduct of its business, except in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), to the extent any such default, violation or failure would not, in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(oo) The Company and each of its subsidiaries (i) make and keep books and records that are accurate in all material respects and (ii) maintain a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (A) transactions are executed in accordance with management's general or specific authorization, (B) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of the Company's financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and to maintain accountability for its assets, (C) access to the Company's and its subsidiaries' assets is permitted only in accordance with management's general or specific authorization and (D) the recorded accountability for the Company's and its subsidiaries' assets is compared with existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences.
(pp) As of the Effective Date, the Company and each of its subsidiaries have established disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act) that are designed to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by the Company and its subsidiaries in the reports they will file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management of the Company and its subsidiaries, including their respective principal executive officers and principal financial officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure to be made, and such disclosure controls and procedures are effective in all material respects to perform the functions for which they were established.
(qq) Since the date of the most recent balance sheet of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries reviewed or audited by Ernst & Young LLP and the audit committee of the board of directors of the Company, none of the Company or its subsidiaries has been advised of any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the internal controls of the Company and its subsidiaries.
(rr) The Company has taken all necessary action to enable it and its subsidiaries, upon the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, to be in material compliance with the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules and regulations promulgated in connection therewith that are then in effect and with which the Company is then required to comply.
(ss) The Company and each of its subsidiaries have such permits, licenses, certificates of need and other approvals or authorizations of governmental or regulatory authorities (" Permits ") as are necessary under applicable law to own their properties and conduct their businesses in the manner described in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus, except for any of the foregoing that would not, in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect or except as described in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus; none of the Company or its subsidiaries is in violation of or in default under any Permit, or has received notice of any such violation or default that would result in revocation or termination thereof, and, to the knowledge of the Company and its subsidiaries, no event has occurred that allows, or after notice or lapse of time would allow, revocation or termination thereof or results in any other impairment of the rights of the holder or
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any such Permits, except for any of the foregoing that would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect or except as described in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus.
(tt) Except as would not, in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, the Company and each of its subsidiaries own or possess rights to use all material patents, patent applications, trademarks, service marks, trade names, trademark registrations, service mark registrations, copyrights, licenses, know-how, software, systems and technology (including trade secrets and other unpatented and/or unpatentable proprietary or confidential information, systems or procedures) reasonably necessary for the conduct of their respective businesses and have no reason to believe that the conduct of their respective businesses will conflict with, and have not received any notice of any claim of conflict with, any such rights of others.
(uu) The Company and each of its subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with all laws and regulations relating to the protection of human health or environmental-related safety or the environment, or to hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, pollutants or contaminants applicable to such entity (" Environmental Laws "), (ii) have received and are in compliance with all permits, licenses or other approvals required of them under Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses and (iii) have not received notice of any actual or alleged violation of Environmental Laws, or of any potential liability for or other obligation concerning the presence, disposal or release of hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, pollutants or contaminants, except in the case of each of clauses (i), (ii) or (iii) where such non-compliance, failure to receive required permits, licenses or other approvals, violation, liability, or other obligation would not, in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as described in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus, to the Company's and its subsidiaries' knowledge, there are no other proceedings that are pending, or known to be contemplated, against the Company or any of its subsidiaries under Environmental Laws in which a governmental authority is also a party, other than such proceedings regarding which it is reasonably believed no monetary sanctions of $100,000 or more will be imposed. Except as set forth in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus, none of the Company or any of its subsidiaries has been notified that it has been named as a "potentially responsible party" under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, as amended. Except as otherwise set forth in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus or the Phase I environmental reports made available to the Underwriters or as would not individually or in the aggregate reasonably be expected to materially affect the value of such Property or interfere in any material respect with the use made and proposed to be made of such Property by the Company or any of its subsidiaries, to the knowledge of the Company or its subsidiaries, there have been no and are no (i) aboveground or underground storage tanks; (ii) polychlorinated biphenyls (" PCB ") or PCB-containing equipment; (iii) asbestos or asbestos containing materials; (iv) lead based paints; (v) mold or other airborne contaminants; or (vi) dry-cleaning facilities in, on, under, or about any Property owned by the Company or its subsidiaries.
(vv) In the ordinary course of their business, the Company and its subsidiaries periodically review the effect of Environmental Laws on the business, operations and properties of the Company and its subsidiaries, in the course of which they identify and evaluate associated costs and liabilities (including, without limitation, any capital or operating expenditures required for clean-up, closure of properties or compliance with Environmental Laws, or any permit, license or approval, any related constraints on operating activities and any potential liabilities to third parties). On the basis of such review, the Company and its subsidiaries have reasonably concluded that such associated costs and liabilities would not, singly or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the condition (financial or otherwise), prospects, earnings, business or properties of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, whether or
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not arising from transactions in the ordinary course of business, except as set forth in or described in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus.
(ww) None of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is in violation of or has received notice of any violation with respect to any applicable federal or state law relating to discrimination in the hiring, promotion or pay of employees, nor any applicable federal or state wage and hour laws, nor any applicable state law precluding the denial of credit due to the neighborhood in which a property is situated, the violation of any of which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Affect.
(xx) No subsidiary of the Company is currently prohibited, directly or indirectly, from paying any dividends to the Company or any of its other subsidiaries, from making any other distribution on such subsidiary's capital stock, from repaying to the Company or any of its other subsidiaries any loans or advances to such subsidiary from the Company or any other subsidiary or from transferring any of such subsidiary's property or assets to one or more of the Company or its other subsidiaries, except as described in or contemplated by the most recent Preliminary Prospectus.
(yy) None of the Company or its subsidiaries, nor, to the knowledge of the Company or its subsidiaries, any director, officer, agent, employee or other person associated with or acting on behalf of the Company or its subsidiaries, has (i) used any corporate funds for any unlawful contribution, gift, entertainment or other unlawful expense relating to political activity; (ii) made any direct or indirect unlawful payment to any foreign or domestic government official or employee from corporate funds; (iii) violated or is in violation of any provision of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977; or (iv) made any bribe, rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful payment.
(zz) The operations of the Company and its subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, the money laundering statutes of all jurisdictions, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any governmental agency (collectively, the " Money Laundering Laws ") and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company or its subsidiaries, threatened, except, in each case, as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(aaa) None of the Company or any of its subsidiaries nor, to the knowledge of the Company or its subsidiaries, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (" OFAC "); and none of the Company or any of its subsidiaries will directly or indirectly use the proceeds of the offering, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any subsidiary, joint venture partner or other person or entity, for the purpose of financing the activities of any person currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by OFAC.
(bbb) None of the Company or any of its subsidiaries has distributed and, prior to the later to occur of any Delivery Date and completion of the distribution of the Stock, will not distribute any offering material in connection with the offering and sale of the Stock other than any Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus to which the Representatives have consented in accordance with Section 1(h) or 5(a)(vi) and, in connection with the Directed Share Program described in Section 3, the enrollment materials prepared by Citigroup Global Markets Inc. (" Citigroup ").
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(ccc) The Company has not taken and will not take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that has constituted or that could reasonably be expected to cause or result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the shares of the Stock.
(ddd) The Stock has been approved for listing, subject to official notice of issuance and evidence of satisfactory distribution, on the New York Stock Exchange.
(eee) Furthermore, the Company, the General Partner and the Operating Partnership represent and warrant to Citigroup that (i) the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any Preliminary Prospectus and any Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses comply, and any further amendments or supplements thereto will comply, with any applicable laws or regulations of foreign jurisdictions in which the Prospectus or any Preliminary Prospectus and any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, are distributed in connection with the Directed Share Program, and that (ii) no authorization, approval, consent, license, order, registration or qualification of or with any government, governmental instrumentality or court, other than such as have been obtained, is necessary under the securities laws and regulations of foreign jurisdictions in which the Directed Shares are offered outside the United States. None of the Company, the General Partner or the Operating Partnership offered, or caused the Underwriters to offer, Stock to any person pursuant to the Directed Share Program with the specific intent to unlawfully influence (i) a customer or supplier of the Company or its subsidiaries to alter the customer's or supplier's level or type of business with the Company or applicable subsidiary or (ii) a trade journalist or publication to write or publish favorable information about the Company, its business or its products.
Any certificate signed by any officer of any of the Company, the General Partner or the Operating Partnership and delivered to the Representatives or counsel for the Underwriters in connection with the offering of the Stock shall be deemed a representation and warranty by such entities, as to matters covered thereby, to each Underwriter.
2. Purchase of the Stock by the Underwriters. On the basis of the representations and warranties contained in, and subject to the terms and conditions of, this Agreement, the Company agrees to sell shares of the Firm Stock to the several Underwriters, and each of the Underwriters, severally and not jointly, agrees to purchase the number of shares of the Firm Stock set forth opposite that Underwriter's name in Schedule 1 hereto. The respective purchase obligations of the Underwriters with respect to the Firm Stock shall be rounded among the Underwriters to avoid fractional shares, as the Representatives may determine.
In addition, the Company grants to the Underwriters an option to purchase up to additional shares of Option Stock. Such option is exercisable in the event that the Underwriters sell more shares of Common Stock than the number of Firm Shares in the offering and as set forth in Section 4 hereof. Each Underwriter agrees, severally and not jointly, to purchase the number of shares of Option Stock (subject to such adjustments to eliminate fractional shares as the Representatives may determine) that bears the same proportion to the total number of shares of Option Stock to be sold on such Delivery Date as the number of shares of Firm Stock set forth in Schedule 1 hereto opposite the name of such Underwriter bears to the total number of shares of Firm Stock.
The price of both the Firm Stock and any Option Stock purchased by the Underwriters shall be $ per share.
The Company shall not be obligated to deliver any of the Firm Stock or Option Stock to be delivered on the applicable Delivery Date, except upon payment for all such Stock to be purchased on such Delivery Date as provided herein.
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3. Offering of Stock by the Underwriters. Upon authorization by the Representatives of the release of the Firm Stock, the several Underwriters propose to offer the Firm Stock for sale upon the terms and conditions to be set forth in the Prospectus.
As part of the offering contemplated by this Agreement, Citigroup has agreed to reserve out of the Stock set forth opposite its name on the Schedule 1 to this Agreement, up to shares, for sale to the Company's employees, officers, and directors and other parties associated with the Company (collectively, " Participants "), as set forth in the Prospectus under the heading "Underwriting" (the " Directed Share Program "). The Stock to be sold by Citigroup pursuant to the Directed Share Program (the " Directed Shares ") will be sold by Citigroup pursuant to this Agreement at the public offering price. Any Directed Shares not orally confirmed for purchase by any Participants by [7:30 A.M.] New York City time on the business day following the date on which this Agreement is executed will be offered to the public by Citigroup as set forth in the Prospectus.
4. Delivery of and Payment for the Stock. Delivery of and payment for the Firm Stock shall be made at 10:00 A.M., New York City time, on the third full business day following the date of this Agreement or at such other date or place as shall be determined by agreement between the Representatives and the Company. This date and time are sometimes referred to as the " Initial Delivery Date ." Delivery of the Firm Stock shall be made to the Representatives for the account of each Underwriter against payment by the several Underwriters through the Representatives and of the respective aggregate purchase prices of the Firm Stock being sold by the Company to or upon the order of the Company of the purchase price by wire transfer in immediately available funds to the accounts specified by the Company. Time shall be of the essence, and delivery at the time and place specified pursuant to this Agreement is a further condition of the obligation of each Underwriter hereunder. The Company shall deliver the Firm Stock through the facilities of DTC unless the Representatives shall otherwise instruct.
The option granted in Section 2 will expire 30 days after the date of this Agreement and may be exercised in whole or from time to time in part by written notice being given to the Company by the Representatives; provided that if such date falls on a day that is not a business day, the option granted in Section 2 will expire on the next succeeding business day. Such notice shall set forth the aggregate number of shares of Option Stock as to which the option is being exercised, the names in which the shares of Option Stock are to be registered, the denominations in which the shares of Option Stock are to be issued and the date and time, as determined by the Representatives, when the shares of Option Stock are to be delivered; provided, however , that this date and time shall not be earlier than the Initial Delivery Date nor earlier than the second business day after the date on which the option shall have been exercised nor later than the fifth business day after the date on which the option shall have been exercised. Each date and time the shares of Option Stock are delivered is sometimes referred to as an " Option Stock Delivery Date ," and the Initial Delivery Date and any Option Stock Delivery Date are sometimes each referred to as a " Delivery Date ."
Delivery of the Option Stock by the Company and payment for the Option Stock by the several Underwriters through the Representatives shall be made at 10:00 A.M., New York City time, on the date specified in the corresponding notice described in the preceding paragraph or at such other date or place as shall be determined by agreement between the Representatives and the Company. On the Option Stock Delivery Date, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered the Option Stock to the Representatives for the account of each Underwriter against payment by the several Underwriters through the Representatives and of the respective aggregate purchase prices of the Option Stock being sold by the Company to or upon the order of the Company of the purchase price by wire transfer in immediately available funds to the accounts specified by the Company. Time shall be of the essence, and delivery at the time and place specified pursuant to this Agreement is a further condition of the obligation of each Underwriter hereunder. The Company shall deliver the Option Stock through the facilities of DTC unless the Representatives shall otherwise instruct.
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5. Further Agreements of the Company and the Underwriters. (a) The Company agrees:
(i) To prepare the Prospectus in a form approved by the Representatives and to file such Prospectus pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act not later than the Commission's close of business on the second business day following the execution and delivery of this Agreement; to make no further amendment or any supplement to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus prior to the last Delivery Date except as provided herein; to advise the Representatives, promptly after it receives notice thereof, of the time when any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus has been filed and to furnish the Representatives with copies thereof; to advise the Representatives, promptly after it receives notice thereof, of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order or of any order preventing or suspending the use of the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, of the suspension of the qualification of the Stock for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, of the initiation or threatening of any proceeding or examination for any such purpose or of any request by the Commission for the amending or supplementing of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or for additional information; and, in the event of the issuance of any stop order or of any order preventing or suspending the use of the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or suspending any such qualification, to use promptly its best efforts to obtain its withdrawal;
(ii) To furnish promptly to each of the Representatives and to counsel for the Underwriters a signed copy of the Registration Statement as originally filed with the Commission, and each amendment thereto filed with the Commission, including, at the request of the Representatives or such counsel, all consents and exhibits filed therewith;
(iii) To deliver promptly upon request to the Representatives such number of the following documents as the Representatives shall reasonably request: (A) conformed copies of the Registration Statement as originally filed with the Commission and each amendment thereto (in each case excluding exhibits other than this Agreement), (B) each Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus and any amended or supplemented Prospectus, and (C) each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus; and, if the delivery of a prospectus is required by applicable law at any time after the date hereof in connection with the offering or sale of the Stock and if at such time any events shall have occurred as a result of which the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made when such Prospectus is delivered, not misleading, or, if for any other reason it shall be necessary to amend or supplement the Prospectus in order to comply with the Securities Act, to notify the Representatives and, upon their request or as otherwise determined necessary by the Company (subject to section (v) below), to file such document and to prepare and furnish without charge to each Underwriter and to any dealer in securities as many copies as the Representatives may from time to time reasonably request of an amended or supplemented Prospectus that will correct such statement or omission or effect such compliance;
(iv) To file promptly with the Commission any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus that may, in the judgment of the Company or counsel to the Representatives, be required by the Securities Act or requested by the Commission;
(v) Prior to filing with the Commission any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement, or the Prospectus, to furnish a copy thereof to the Representatives and counsel for the Underwriters and obtain the consent of the Representatives to the filing, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed;
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(vi) Not to make any offer relating to the Stock that would constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus without the prior written consent of the Representatives, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed.
(vii) To retain in accordance with the Rules and Regulations all Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses not required to be filed pursuant to the Rules and Regulations; and if at any time after the date hereof any events shall have occurred as a result of which any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, as then amended or supplemented, would conflict with the information in the Registration Statement, the most recent Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus or would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, or, if for any other reason it shall be necessary to amend or supplement any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, to notify the Representatives and, upon their request or as otherwise determined necessary by the Company (subject to section (v) above), to file such document and to prepare and furnish without charge to each Underwriter as many copies as the Representatives may from time to time reasonably request of an amended or supplemented Issuer Free Writing Prospectus that will correct such conflict, statement or omission or effect such compliance;
(viii) As soon as reasonably practicable after the Effective Date (it being understood that the Company shall have until at least 410 or, if the fourth quarter following the fiscal quarter that includes the Effective Date is the last fiscal quarter of the Company's fiscal year, 455 days after the end of the Company's current fiscal quarter), to make generally available to the Company's security holders and to deliver to the Representatives an earnings statement of the Company and its subsidiaries (which need not be audited) complying with Section 11(a) of the Securities Act and the Rules and Regulations (including, at the option of the Company, Rule 158);
(ix) Promptly from time to time to take such action as the Representatives may reasonably request to qualify the Stock for offering and sale under the securities laws of such jurisdictions as the Representatives may request and to comply with such laws so as to permit the continuance of sales and dealings therein in Canada and such other jurisdictions for as long as may be necessary to complete the distribution of the Stock; provided that in connection therewith the Company shall not be required to (i) qualify as a foreign corporation in any jurisdiction in which it would not otherwise be required to so qualify, (ii) file a general consent to service of process in any such jurisdiction or (iii) subject itself to taxation in any jurisdiction in which it would not otherwise be subject;
(x) For a period commencing on the date hereof and ending on the 180th day after the date of the Prospectus (the " Lock-Up Period "), not to, directly or indirectly, (1) offer for sale, sell, pledge or otherwise dispose of (or enter into any transaction or device that is designed to, or could be expected to, result in the disposition by any person at any time in the future of) any shares of Common Stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock (other than the Stock), or sell or grant options, rights or warrants with respect to any shares of Common Stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock, (2) enter into any swap or other derivatives transaction that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic benefits or risks of ownership of such shares of Common Stock, whether any such transaction described in clause (1) or (2) above is to be settled by delivery of Common Stock or other securities, in cash or otherwise, (3) file or cause to be filed a registration statement, including any amendments, with respect to the registration of any shares of Common Stock or securities convertible, exercisable or exchangeable into Common Stock or any other securities of the Company (other than any registration on Form S-8 or Form S-4) or (4) publicly disclose the intention to do any of the foregoing, in each case
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without the prior written consent of the Representatives, on behalf of the Underwriters, and to use its best efforts to cause (A) each officer, director and principal of the Company set forth on a schedule to be agreed to between the Company and the Representatives on or prior to the date of this Agreement (such individuals, the " Principals ") to furnish to the Representatives, prior to the Initial Delivery Date, a letter or letters, substantially in the form of Exhibit A-1 hereto (the " Principals Lock-Up Agreement ") and (B) use its best efforts to cause the stockholders of the Company set forth on an additional schedule to be agreed to between the Company and the Representatives on or prior to the date of this Agreement (such individuals, the " Non-Affiliates ") to furnish to the Representatives, prior to the Initial Delivery Date, a letter or letters, substantially in the form of Exhibit A-2 hereto (the " Non-Affiliates Lock-Up Agreement " and, together with the Principals Lock-Up Agreement, the " Lock-Up Agreements "). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company may (i) grant stock options, restricted stock, long-term incentive units or other stock-based awards to employees, consultants or directors pursuant to the terms of a plan in effect at the date and time that this Agreement is executed and delivered to the parties hereto (the " Execution Time "), (ii) issue shares of Common Stock pursuant to: (A) the exercise or conversion of such stock-based awards, including the redemption of Units in connection therewith or (B) the exercise or conversion of any stock-based awards, including the redemption of Units in connection therewith, outstanding at the Execution Time; provided, in the case of (A) or (B), that the Company shall use its best efforts to cause each such individual to, if such individual is one of the Principals, execute a Principals Lock-up Agreement for the remainder of the Lock-up Period and, if such individual is a Non-Affiliate, execute a Non-Affiliates Lock-Up Agreement for the remainder of the Lock-up Period (in each case only to the extent that the securities issued to any such individual upon such conversion or exercise are not then covered by a Lock-Up Agreement for the remainder of the Lock-Up Period); (iii) issue shares of Common Stock pursuant to the Company's dividend reinvestment plan (if any), (iv) issue shares of Common Stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for shares of Stock in connection with other acquisitions of real property or real property companies and (v) issue shares of Common Stock and Units in the Formation Transactions. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if (1) during the last 17 days of the Lock-Up Period, the Company issues an earnings release or material news or a material event relating to the Company occurs or (2) prior to the expiration of the Lock-Up Period, the Company announces that it will release earnings results during the 16-day period beginning on the last day of the Lock-Up Period, then the restrictions imposed in the preceding paragraph shall continue to apply until the expiration of the 18-day period beginning on the issuance of the earnings release or the announcement of the material news or the occurrence of the material event, unless the Representatives, on behalf of the Underwriters, waive such extension in writing;
(xi) To apply the net proceeds from the sale of the Stock being sold by the Company as set forth in the Prospectus;
(xii) To use its best efforts to meet the requirements to qualify, for the taxable year ending December 31, 2006, for taxation as a REIT under the Code;
(xiii) In connection with the Directed Share Program, to ensure that the Directed Shares will be restricted from sale, transfer, assignment, pledge or hypothecation to the same extent as sales and dispositions of Common Stock by those persons who have executed a Non-Affiliates Lock-Up Agreement; and
(xiv) To comply with all applicable securities and other applicable laws, rules and regulations in each foreign jurisdiction in which the Directed Shares are offered in connection with the Directed Share Program.
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(b) Each Underwriter severally agrees that such Underwriter shall not include any "issuer information" (as defined in Rule 433) in any "free writing prospectus" (as defined in Rule 405) used or referred to by such Underwriter without the prior written consent of the Company (any such issuer information with respect to whose use the Company has given its consent, " Permitted Issuer Information "); provided that (i) no such consent shall be required with respect to any such issuer information contained in any document filed by the Company with the Commission prior to the use of such free writing prospectus and (ii) "issuer information," as used in this Section 5(b), shall not be deemed to include information prepared by or on behalf of such Underwriter on the basis of or derived from issuer information.
6. Expenses. The Company and its subsidiaries agree, whether or not the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are consummated or this Agreement is terminated, to pay all costs, expenses, fees and taxes incident to and in connection with (a) the authorization, issuance, sale and delivery of the Stock and any stamp duties or other taxes payable in that connection, and the preparation and printing of certificates for the Stock; (b) the preparation, printing and filing under the Securities Act of the Registration Statement (including any exhibits thereto), any Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto; (c) the distribution of the Registration Statement (including any exhibits thereto), any Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto, all as provided in this Agreement; (d) the production and distribution of this Agreement, any supplemental agreement among Underwriters, and any other related documents in connection with the offering, purchase, sale and delivery of the Stock; (e) any required review by the NASD of the terms of sale of the Stock (including related reasonable fees and expenses of counsel to the Underwriters); (f) the listing of the Stock on the New York Stock Exchange and/or any other exchange; (g) the qualification of the Stock under the securities laws of the several jurisdictions as provided in Section 5(a)(ix) and the preparation, printing and distribution of a Canadian wrapper and a Blue Sky Memorandum (including related fees and expenses of counsel to the Underwriters); and (h) all other costs and expenses incident to the performance of the obligations of the Company under this Agreement, including all fees and expenses of its legal counsel, accountants and real property and other experts and advisors; provided that, (x) the Underwriters shall pay or reimburse the Company for all expenses incurred in connection with the investor presentations on any "road show" undertaken in connection with the marketing of the Stock, including, without limitation, expenses associated with any electronic roadshow, travel and lodging expenses of the representatives and officers of the Company and the cost of any aircraft chartered in connection with the road show; (y) the Underwriters shall pay the Company $1.5 million to reimburse it for a portion of its other expenses and (z) except as provided in this Section 6 and in Section 11, the Underwriters shall pay their own costs and expenses, including the costs and expenses of their counsel and the expenses of advertising any offering of the Stock made by the Underwriters.
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7. Conditions of Underwriters' Obligations. The respective obligations of the Underwriters hereunder are subject to the accuracy, on the date hereof and on each Delivery Date, of the representations and warranties of the Company, the General Partner and the Operating Partnership contained herein, to the performance by such entities of their obligations hereunder required to be performed as of such time, and to each of the following additional terms and conditions:
(a) The Prospectus shall have been timely filed with the Commission in accordance with Section 5(a)(i); the Company shall have complied with all filing requirements applicable to any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus used or referred to after the date hereof; no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or preventing or suspending the use of the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus shall have been issued and no proceeding or examination for such purpose shall have been initiated or, to the Company's knowledge, threatened by the Commission; and any request of the Commission for inclusion of additional information in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or otherwise shall have been complied with.
(b) Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP shall have furnished to the Representatives its written opinion, as counsel to the Company, addressed to the Underwriters and dated such Delivery Date, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives, substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B-1.
(c) Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, tax counsel for the Company, shall have furnished to the Representatives its written opinion, addressed to the Underwriters and dated such Delivery Date, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives, substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B-2.
(d) Venable LLP, Maryland counsel for the Company, shall have furnished to the Representatives its written opinion, addressed to the Underwriters and dated such Delivery Date, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives, substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B-3.
(e) The Representatives shall have received from Latham & Watkins LLP, counsel for the Underwriters, such opinion or opinions, dated such Delivery Date, with respect to the issuance and sale of the Stock, the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Pricing Disclosure Package and other related matters as the Representatives may reasonably require, and the Company shall have furnished to such counsel such documents as they reasonably request for the purpose of enabling them to pass upon such matters.
(f) At the time of execution of this Agreement, the Representatives shall have received from Ernst & Young LLP a letter, in form and substance satisfactory to the Representatives, addressed to the Underwriters and dated the date hereof (i) confirming that they are independent public accountants within the meaning of the Securities Act and are in compliance with the applicable requirements relating to the qualification of accountants under Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X of the Commission, and (ii) stating, as of the date hereof (or, with respect to matters involving changes or developments since the respective dates as of which specified financial information is given in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus, as of a date not more than three days prior to the date hereof), the conclusions and findings of such firm with respect to the financial information and other matters ordinarily covered by accountants' "comfort letters" to underwriters in connection with registered public offerings.
(g) With respect to the letter of Ernst & Young LLP referred to in the preceding paragraph and delivered to the Representatives concurrently with the execution of this Agreement (the " initial letter "), the Company shall have furnished to the Representatives a letter (the " bring-down letter ") of such accountants, addressed to the Underwriters and dated such
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Delivery Date (i) confirming that they are independent public accountants within the meaning of the Securities Act and are in compliance with the applicable requirements relating to the qualification of accountants under Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X of the Commission, (ii) stating, as of the date of the bring-down letter (or, with respect to matters involving changes or developments since the respective dates as of which specified financial information is given in the Prospectus, as of a date not more than three days prior to the date of the bring-down letter), the conclusions and findings of such firm with respect to the financial information and other matters covered by the initial letter and (iii) confirming in all material respects the conclusions and findings set forth in the initial letter.
(h) At the time of execution of this Agreement, the Company shall have received the market study of Eastdil Secured, L.L.C.
(i) The Company shall have furnished to the Representatives a certificate, dated such Delivery Date, of its Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer stating that:
(i) The representations, warranties and agreements of the Company in Section 1 are true and correct on and as of such Delivery Date, and the Company has complied with all its agreements contained herein and satisfied all the conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied hereunder at or prior to such Delivery Date; and
(ii) No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement has been issued; and no proceedings or examination for that purpose have been instituted or, to the knowledge of such officers, threatened.
(j) (i) None of the Company or any of its subsidiaries shall have sustained, since the date of the latest audited financial statements included in the most recent Preliminary Prospectus, any loss or interference with its business from fire, explosion, flood or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor dispute or court or governmental action, order or decree or (ii) since such date there shall not have been any change in the capital stock or long-term debt of the Company or its subsidiaries or any development involving a prospective change, in or affecting the condition (financial or otherwise), results of operations, stockholders,' members' or partners' equity, properties, management, business or prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, the effect of which, in any such case described in clause (i) or (ii), is, in the judgment of the Representatives, so material and adverse as to make it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the public offering or the delivery of the Stock being delivered on such Delivery Date on the terms and in the manner described in the Prospectus.
(k) Subsequent to the execution and delivery of this Agreement (i) no downgrading shall have occurred in the rating accorded to any debt securities of the Company or its subsidiaries by any "nationally recognized statistical rating organization" (as that term is defined by the Commission for purposes of Rule 436(g)(2) of the Rules and Regulations), and (ii) no such organization shall have publicly announced that it has under surveillance or review, with possible negative implications, its rating of any debt securities of the Company or any of its subsidiaries.
(l) Subsequent to the execution and delivery of this Agreement there shall not have occurred any of the following: (i) trading in securities generally on the New York Stock Exchange or the American Stock Exchange or in the over-the-counter market, or trading in any securities of the Company on any exchange or in the over-the-counter market, shall have been suspended or materially limited or the settlement of such trading generally shall have been materially disrupted or minimum prices shall have been established on any such exchange or such market by the Commission, by such exchange or by any other regulatory body or governmental authority having jurisdiction, (ii) a banking moratorium shall have been declared by federal or state authorities, (iii) the United States shall have become engaged in hostilities, there shall have been an escalation
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in hostilities involving the United States or there shall have been a declaration of a national emergency or war by the United States or (iv) there shall have occurred such a material adverse change in general economic, political or financial conditions, including, without limitation, as a result of terrorist activities after the date hereof (or the effect of international conditions on the financial markets in the United States shall be such), as to make it, in the judgment of the Representatives, impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the public offering or delivery of the Stock being delivered on such Delivery Date on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Prospectus.
(m) The New York Stock Exchange shall have approved the Stock for listing, subject only to official notice of issuance and evidence of satisfactory distribution.
(n) The Company shall have furnished to the Representatives such further information, certificates and documents as the Representatives may reasonably request.
(o) The NASD, upon review of the terms of the public offering of the Stock, shall not have objected to such offering, such terms or the Underwriters' participation in same and shall have issued a "no objections" letter evidencing such.
(p) The Company or one or more of its subsidiaries shall have obtained, on or prior to the Delivery Date, one or more title insurance policies on, or a so-called "fairway endorsement" on existing title policies covering, the fee interests (or leasehold interests as the case may be) from a title insurance company covering each Property with coverage in an amount at least equal to 80% of the cost of acquisition of such Property, including the principal amount of any indebtedness assumed with respect to the Property.
(q) The Formation Transactions shall have been, or will be concurrently, consummated.
(r) The Principal Lock-Up Agreements between the Representatives and each Principal, and the Non-Affiliates Lock-Up Agreements between the Representatives and the Non-Affiliates, delivered to the Representatives on or before the date of this Agreement shall be in full force and effect on such Delivery Date.
All opinions, letters, evidence and certificates mentioned above or elsewhere in this Agreement shall be deemed to be in compliance with the provisions hereof only if they are in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to counsel for the Underwriters.
8. Indemnification and Contribution.
(a) The Company, the General Partner and the Operating Partnership jointly and severally agree to, and shall, indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter, its directors, officers and employees and each person, if any, who controls any Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act, from and against any loss, claim, damage or liability, joint or several, or any action in respect thereof (including, but not limited to, any loss, claim, damage, liability or action relating to purchases and sales of Stock), to which that Underwriter, director, officer, employee or controlling person may become subject, under the Securities Act or otherwise, insofar as such loss, claim, damage, liability or action arises out of, or is based upon, (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in (A) any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto, (B) any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or (C) any Permitted Issuer Information used or referred to in any "free writing prospectus" (as defined in Rule 405) used or referred to by any Underwriter or (D) any "road show" (as defined in Rule 433) not constituting an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus (a " Non-Prospectus Road Show "), (ii) the omission or alleged omission to state in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any Permitted
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Issuer Information or any Non-Prospectus Road Show, any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein (except with respect to the Registration Statement, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading or (iii) any act or failure to act or any alleged act or failure to act by any Underwriter in connection with, or relating in any manner to, the Stock or the offering contemplated hereby, and which is included as part of or referred to in any loss, claim, damage, liability or action arising out of or based upon matters covered by clause (i) or (ii) above ( provided that the Company, the General Partner and the Operating Partnership shall not be liable under this clause (iii) to the extent that it is determined in a final judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction that such loss, claim, damage, liability or action resulted directly from any such acts or failures to act undertaken or omitted to be taken by such Underwriter through its bad faith, gross negligence or willful misconduct), and shall reimburse each Underwriter and each such director, officer, employee or controlling person promptly upon demand for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by that Underwriter, director, officer, employee or controlling person in connection with investigating or defending or preparing to defend against any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action as such expenses are incurred; provided , however , that the Company, the General Partner and the Operating Partnership shall not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action arises out of, or is based upon, any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or in any such amendment or supplement thereto or in any Permitted Issuer Information or any Non-Prospectus Road Show, in reliance upon and in conformity with written information concerning such Underwriter furnished to the Company through the Representatives by or on behalf of any Underwriter specifically for inclusion therein, which information consists solely of the information specified in Section 8(e). The foregoing indemnity agreement is in addition to any liability that the Company, the General Partner and the Operating Partnership may otherwise have to any Underwriter or to any director, officer, employee or controlling person of that Underwriter.
(b) Each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, shall indemnify and hold harmless the Company, the General Partner, the Operating Partnership, their respective directors (including any person who, with his or her consent, is named in the Registration Statement as about to become a director of the Company), officers and employees, and each person, if any, who controls the Company, the General Partner or the Operating Partnership within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act, from and against any loss, claim, damage or liability, joint or several, or any action in respect thereof, to which the Company, the General Partner, the Operating Partnership or any such director, officer, employee or controlling person may become subject, under the Securities Act or otherwise, insofar as such loss, claim, damage, liability or action arises out of, or is based upon, (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any Non-Prospectus Road Show, or (ii) the omission or alleged omission to state in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any Non-Prospectus Road Show, any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein (except with respect to the Registration Statement, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, but in each case only to the extent that the untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission was made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information concerning such Underwriter furnished to the Company through the Representatives by or on behalf of that Underwriter specifically for inclusion therein, which information is limited to the information set forth in Section 8(e). The foregoing indemnity agreement is in addition to any liability that any
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Underwriter may otherwise have to the Company or any such director, officer, employee or controlling person.
(c) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under this Section 8 of notice of any claim or the commencement of any action, the indemnified party shall, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the indemnifying party under this Section 8, notify the indemnifying party in writing of the claim or the commencement of that action; provided , however , that the failure to notify the indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any liability which it may have under this Section 8 except to the extent it has been materially prejudiced by such failure and, provided , further , that the failure to notify the indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any liability which it may have to an indemnified party otherwise than under this Section 8. If any such claim or action shall be brought against an indemnified party, and it shall notify the indemnifying party thereof, the indemnifying party shall be entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that it wishes, jointly with any other similarly notified indemnifying party, to assume the defense thereof with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party. After notice from the indemnifying party to the indemnified party of its election to assume the defense of such claim or action, the indemnifying party shall not be liable to the indemnified party under this Section 8 for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by the indemnified party in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation; provided, however , that the Representatives shall have the right to employ one counsel to represent jointly the Representatives and those other Underwriters and their respective directors, officers, employees and controlling persons who may be subject to liability arising out of any claim in respect of which indemnity may be sought by the Underwriters against the Company, the General Partner and the Operating Partnership under this Section 8 if (i) the Company and the Underwriters shall have so mutually agreed; (ii) the Company has failed within a reasonable time to retain counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Underwriters; (iii) the Underwriters and their respective directors, officers, employees and controlling persons shall have reasonably concluded, after consultation with counsel, that there may be legal defenses available to them that are different from or in addition to those available to the Company, the General Partner and the Operating Partnership; or (iv) the named parties in any such proceeding (including any impleaded parties) include both the Underwriters or their respective directors, officers, employees or controlling persons, on the one hand, and the Company, the General Partner and the Operating Partnership, on the other hand, and representation of both sets of parties by the same counsel would be inappropriate due to actual or potential differing interests between them, and in any such event the fees and expenses of such separate counsel shall be paid by the Company, the General Partner and the Operating Partnership. No indemnifying party shall (i) without the prior written consent of the indemnified parties (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed), settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to any pending or threatened claim, action, suit or proceeding in respect of which indemnification or contribution may be sought hereunder (whether or not the indemnified parties are actual or potential parties to such claim or action) unless such settlement, compromise or consent includes an unconditional release of each indemnified party from all liability arising out of such claim, action, suit or proceeding and does not include any findings of fact or admissions of fault or culpability as to the indemnified party, or (ii) be liable for any settlement of any such action effected without its written consent (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed), but if settled with the consent of the indemnifying party or if there be a final judgment for the plaintiff in any such action, the indemnifying party agrees to indemnify and hold harmless any indemnified party from and against any loss or liability by reason of such settlement or judgment.
(d) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 8 shall for any reason be unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party under Section 8(a), 8(b), or 8(c) in respect of any loss, claim, damage or liability, or any action in respect thereof, referred to therein, then each
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indemnifying party shall, in lieu of indemnifying such indemnified party, contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such loss, claim, damage or liability, or action in respect thereof, (i) in such proportion as shall be appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company, the General Partner and the Operating Partnership, on the one hand, and the Underwriters, on the other, from the offering of the Stock or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause (i) above is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause (i) above but also the relative fault of the Company, the General Partner and the Operating Partnership, on the one hand, and the Underwriters, on the other, with respect to the statements or omissions that resulted in such loss, claim, damage or liability, or action in respect thereof, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company, the General Partner and the Operating Partnership, on the one hand, and the Underwriters, on the other, with respect to such offering shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net proceeds from the offering of the Stock purchased under this Agreement (before deducting expenses) received by the Company, as set forth in the table on the cover page of the Prospectus, on the one hand, and the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by the Underwriters with respect to the shares of the Stock purchased under this Agreement, as set forth in the table on the cover page of the Prospectus, on the other hand. The relative fault shall be determined by reference to whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company or the Underwriters, the intent of the parties and their relative knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The Company, the General Partner, the Operating Partnership and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and equitable if contributions pursuant to this Section 8(d) were to be determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Underwriters were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation that does not take into account the equitable considerations referred to herein. The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the loss, claim, damage or liability, or action in respect thereof, referred to above in this Section 8(d) shall be deemed to include, for purposes of this Section 8(d), any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 8(d), no Underwriter shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the net proceeds from the sale of the Stock underwritten by it exceeds the amount of any damages that such Underwriter has otherwise paid or become liable to pay by reason of any untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The Underwriters' obligations to contribute as provided in this Section 8(d) are several in proportion to their respective underwriting obligations and not joint.
(e) The Underwriters severally confirm and the Company, the General Partner and the Operating Partnership acknowledge and agree that (i) the statements regarding delivery of shares set forth on the cover page of, (ii) the concession and reallowance figures, the paragraph relating to stabilization by the Underwriters, the paragraphs relating to electronic distribution and the paragraph relating to discretionary sales appearing under the caption "Underwriting" in and (iii) the statements regarding the representations and agreements of the Underwriters appearing under the caption "UnderwritingEuropean Economic Area" and "UnderwritingUnited Kingdom" in, the most recent Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus are correct and constitute the only information concerning such Underwriters furnished to the Company by or on behalf of the Underwriters specifically for inclusion in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any Non-Prospectus Road Show.
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9. Defaulting Underwriters. If, on any Delivery Date, any Underwriter defaults in the performance of its obligations under this Agreement, the remaining non-defaulting Underwriters shall be obligated to purchase the Stock that the defaulting Underwriter agreed but failed to purchase on such Delivery Date in the respective proportions which the number of shares of the Firm Stock set forth opposite the name of each remaining non-defaulting Underwriter in Schedule 1 hereto bears to the total number of shares of the Firm Stock set forth opposite the names of all the remaining non-defaulting Underwriters in Schedule 1 hereto; provided, however , that the remaining non-defaulting Underwriters shall not be obligated to purchase any of the Stock on such Delivery Date if the total number of shares of the Stock that the defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters agreed but failed to purchase on such date exceeds 9.09% of the total number of shares of the Stock to be purchased on such Delivery Date, and any remaining non-defaulting Underwriter shall not be obligated to purchase more than 110% of the number of shares of the Stock that it agreed to purchase on such Delivery Date pursuant to the terms of Section 2. If the foregoing maximums are exceeded, the remaining non-defaulting Underwriters, or those other underwriters satisfactory to the Representatives who so agree, shall have the right, but shall not be obligated, to purchase, in such proportion as may be agreed upon among them, all the Stock to be purchased on such Delivery Date. If the remaining Underwriters or other underwriters satisfactory to the Representatives do not elect to purchase the shares that the defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters agreed but failed to purchase on such Delivery Date, this Agreement (or, with respect to any Option Stock Delivery Date, the obligation of the Underwriters to purchase, and of the Company to sell, the Option Stock) shall terminate without liability on the part of any non-defaulting Underwriter or the Company, the General Partner or the Operating Partnership, except that the Company, the General Partner and the Operating Partnership will continue to be liable for the payment of expenses to the extent set forth in Sections 6 and 11. As used in this Agreement, the term "Underwriter" includes, for all purposes of this Agreement unless the context requires otherwise, any party not listed in Schedule 1 hereto that, pursuant to this Section 9, purchases Stock that a defaulting Underwriter agreed but failed to purchase.
Nothing contained herein shall relieve a defaulting Underwriter of any liability it may have to the Company for damages caused by its default. If other Underwriters are obligated or agree to purchase the Stock of a defaulting or withdrawing Underwriter, either the Representatives or the Company may postpone the Delivery Date for up to seven full business days in order to effect any changes that in the opinion of counsel for the Company or counsel for the Underwriters may be necessary in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or in any other document or arrangement.
10. Termination. The obligations of the Underwriters hereunder may be terminated by the Representatives by notice given to and received by the Company prior to delivery of and payment for the Firm Stock if, prior to that time, any of the events described in Sections 7(j), 7(k) and 7(l) shall have occurred, or if the Underwriters shall decline to purchase the Stock for any reason permitted under this Agreement.
11. Reimbursement of Underwriters' Expenses. If the Company shall fail to tender the Stock for delivery to the Underwriters by reason of any failure, refusal or inability on the part of the Company to perform any agreement on its part to be performed, or because any other condition to the Underwriters' obligations hereunder required to be fulfilled by the Company or any of its subsidiaries is not fulfilled for any reason or (b) the Underwriters shall decline to purchase the Stock for any reason permitted under this Agreement, the Company, the General Partner and the Operating Partnership, jointly and severally, will reimburse the Underwriters for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses (including fees and disbursements of counsel) incurred by the Underwriters in connection with this Agreement and the proposed purchase of the Stock, and upon demand the Company shall pay the full amount thereof to the Representatives. If this Agreement is terminated pursuant to Section 9 by reason of the default of one or more Underwriters, the Company shall not be obligated to reimburse any defaulting Underwriter on account of those expenses.
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12. Research Analyst Independence. The Company acknowledges that the Underwriters' research analysts and research departments are required to be independent from their respective investment banking divisions and are subject to certain regulations and internal policies, and that such Underwriters' research analysts may hold views and make statements or investment recommendations and/or publish research reports with respect to the Company and/or the offering that differ from the views of their respective investment banking divisions. The Company hereby waives and releases, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any claims that the Company may have against the Underwriters with respect to any conflict of interest that may arise from the fact that the views expressed by their independent research analysts and research departments may be different from or inconsistent with the views or advice communicated to the Company by such Underwriters' investment banking divisions. The Company acknowledges that each of the Underwriters is a full service securities firm and as such from time to time, subject to applicable securities laws, may effect transactions for its own account or the account of its customers and hold long or short positions in debt or equity securities of the companies that may be the subject of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
13. No Fiduciary Duty. The Company and its subsidiaries acknowledge and agree that in connection with this offering, sale of the Stock or any other services the Underwriters may be deemed to be providing hereunder, notwithstanding any preexisting relationship, advisory or otherwise, between the parties or any oral representations or assurances previously or subsequently made by the Underwriters: (i) no fiduciary or agency relationship between the Company or its subsidiaries and any other person, on the one hand, and the Underwriters, on the other, exists; (ii) the Underwriters are not acting as advisors, expert or otherwise, to the Company or any of its subsidiaries, including, without limitation, with respect to the determination of the public offering price of the Stock, and such relationship between the Company or its subsidiaries, on the one hand, and the Underwriters, on the other, is entirely and solely commercial, based on arms-length negotiations; (iii) any duties and obligations that the Underwriters may have to the Company or its subsidiaries shall be limited to those duties and obligations specifically stated herein; and (iv) the Underwriters and their respective affiliates may have interests that differ from those of the Company or its subsidiaries. The Company and its subsidiaries hereby waive any claims that the they may have against the Underwriters with respect to any breach of fiduciary duty in connection with this offering.
14. Notices, Etc. All statements, requests, notices and agreements hereunder shall be in writing, and:
(a) if to the Underwriters, shall be delivered or sent by mail or facsimile transmission to Lehman Brothers Inc., 745 Seventh Avenue, New York, New York 10019, Attention: Syndicate Registration (Fax: 646-834-8133), with a copy, in the case of any notice pursuant to Section 8(c), to the Director of Litigation, Office of the General Counsel, Lehman Brothers Inc., 399 Park Avenue, 10 th Floor, New York, New York 10022 (Fax: 212-520-0421);
(b) if to the Company or any of its subsidiaries, shall be delivered or sent by mail or facsimile transmission to the address of the Company set forth in the Registration Statement, Attention: William Kamer (Fax: (310) 255-7702).
Any such statements, requests, notices or agreements shall take effect at the time of receipt thereof. The Company shall be entitled to act and rely upon any request, consent, notice or agreement given or made on behalf of the Underwriters by Lehman Brothers Inc. on behalf of the Representatives and the Underwriters shall be able to act and rely upon any request, consent, notice or agreement given or made on behalf of the any of the Company's subsidiaries by the Company on behalf of such subsidiary or subsidiaries as the case may be.
15. Persons Entitled to Benefit of Agreement. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Underwriters, the Company, and their respective successors. This Agreement and the terms and provisions hereof are for the sole benefit of only those persons, except that (A) the
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representations, warranties, indemnities and agreements of the Company and its subsidiaries contained in this Agreement shall also be deemed to be for the benefit of the directors, officers and employees of the Underwriters and each person or persons, if any, who control any Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and (B) the indemnity agreement of the Underwriters contained in Section 8(b) of this Agreement shall be deemed to be for the benefit of the directors of the Company and the General Partner, the officers of the Company who have signed the Registration Statement and any person controlling the Company, the General Partner or the Operating Partnership within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act. Nothing in this Agreement is intended or shall be construed to give any person, other than the persons referred to in this Section 15, any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of this Agreement or any provision contained herein.
16. Survival. The respective indemnities, representations, warranties and agreements of the Company and its subsidiaries and the Underwriters contained in this Agreement or made by or on behalf of them, respectively, pursuant to this Agreement, shall survive the delivery of and payment for the Stock and shall remain in full force and effect, regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of any of them or any person controlling any of them.
17. Definition of the Terms "Business Day" and "Subsidiary". For purposes of this Agreement, (a) " business day " means each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday or Friday that is not a day on which banking institutions in New York are generally authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close, (b) " subsidiary " has the meaning set forth in Rule 405, and shall also include each Predecessor Entity to be contributed to or merged with the Company or one of its subsidiaries pursuant to the Formation Transactions and (c) " knowledge " as it relates to any Predecessor Entity means the knowledge of the directors, executive officers, managing members, general partners and/or other control persons of such entity.
18. Governing Law; Waiver of Jury Trial. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York. The Company, the General Partner and the Operating Partnership hereby irrevocably waive, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any and all right to trial by jury in any legal proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby.
19. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts and, if executed in more than one counterpart, the executed counterparts shall each be deemed to be an original but all such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument.
20. Headings. The headings herein are inserted for convenience of reference only and are not intended to be part of, or to affect the meaning or interpretation of, this Agreement.
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If the foregoing correctly sets forth the agreement between the Company and the Underwriters, please indicate your acceptance in the space provided for that purpose below.
Very truly yours, | |||
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DOUGLAS EMMETT, INC. |
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By: |
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Name:
Title: |
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DOUGLAS EMMETT MANAGEMENT, INC. |
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By: |
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Name:
Title: |
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DOUGLAS EMMETT PROPERTIES, L.P. |
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By: Douglas Emmett Management, Inc., its General Partner | |||
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By: |
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Name:
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Accepted:
LEHMAN BROTHERS INC.
MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH
INCORPORATED
CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS, INC
For themselves and as Representatives
of the several Underwriters named
in Schedule 1 hereto
By LEHMAN BROTHERS INC. | ||
By: |
Authorized Representative |
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By MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH INCORPORATED | ||
By: |
Authorized Representative |
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By CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS, INC | ||
By: |
Authorized Representative |
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Underwriters
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Number of Shares
of Firm Stock |
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Lehman Brothers Inc. | ||
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith
Incorporated |
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Citigroup Global Markets, Inc. | ||
Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC | ||
UBS Securities LLC | ||
Banc of America Securities LLC | ||
A.G. Edwards & Sons, Inc. | ||
Raymond James & Associates, Inc. | ||
Wells Fargo Securities, LLC | ||
BMO Capital Markets Corp. | ||
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Total | ||
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1
1. Price per share: $
2. Shares to be sold:
2
DOUGLAS EMMETT, INC.
ARTICLES OF AMENDMENT AND RESTATEMENT
FIRST: Douglas Emmett, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the "Corporation"), desires to amend and restate its charter as currently in effect and as hereinafter amended.
SECOND: The following provisions are all the provisions of the charter currently in effect and as hereinafter amended:
The name of the Corporation is:
Douglas Emmett, Inc.
The purposes for which the Corporation is formed are to engage in any lawful act or activity (including, without limitation or obligation, engaging in business as a real estate investment trust under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or any successor statute (the "Code")) for which corporations may be organized under the general laws of the State of Maryland as now or hereafter in force. For purposes of the charter of the Corporation (the "Charter"), "REIT" means a real estate investment trust under Sections 856 through 860 of the Code.
ARTICLE III
PRINCIPAL OFFICE IN STATE AND RESIDENT AGENT
The address of the principal office of the Corporation in the State of Maryland is c/o CSC-Lawyers Incorporating Service Company, Suite 4B, 11 East Chase Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202. The name of the resident agent of the Corporation in the State of Maryland is CSC-Lawyers Incorporating Service Company, whose post office address is Suite 4B, 11 East Chase Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202. The resident agent is a Maryland corporation.
ARTICLE IV
PROVISIONS FOR DEFINING, LIMITING
AND REGULATING CERTAIN POWERS OF THE
CORPORATION AND OF THE STOCKHOLDERS AND DIRECTORS
Section 4.1 Number of Directors . The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed under the direction of the Board of Directors. The number of directors of the Corporation initially shall be two (2), which number may be increased or decreased only by the Board of Directors pursuant to the Bylaws of the Corporation (the "Bylaws"), but shall never be less than the minimum number required by the Maryland General Corporation Law (the "MGCL"). The names of the directors who shall serve until the first annual meeting of stockholders and until their successors are duly elected and qualify are:
Dan A. Emmett
Jordan L. Kaplan |
These directors may increase the number of directors and may fill any vacancy, whether resulting from an increase in the number of directors or otherwise, on the Board of Directors occurring before the first annual meeting of stockholders in the manner provided in the Bylaws.
The Corporation elects, at such time as it becomes eligible to make the election provided for under Section 3-802(b) of the MGCL, that, except as may be provided by the Board of Directors in setting the terms of any class or series of stock, any and all vacancies on the Board of Directors may be filled only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining directors in office, even if the remaining directors do not constitute a quorum, and any director elected to fill a vacancy shall serve for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which such vacancy occurred.
Section 4.2 Extraordinary Actions . Except as specifically provided in Section 4.8 (relating to removal of directors) and in Article VII (relating to certain amendments of the Charter), notwithstanding any provision of law permitting or requiring any action to be taken or approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of shares entitled to cast a greater number of votes, any such action shall be effective and valid if declared advisable by the Board of Directors and taken or approved by the affirmative vote of holders of shares entitled to cast a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter.
Section 4.3 Authorization by Board of Stock Issuance . The Board of Directors may authorize the issuance from time to time of shares of stock of the Corporation of any class or series, whether now or hereafter authorized, or securities or rights convertible into shares of its stock of any class or series, whether now or hereafter authorized, for such consideration as the Board of Directors may deem advisable (or without consideration in the case of a stock split or stock dividend), subject to such restrictions or limitations, if any, as may be set forth in the Charter or the Bylaws.
Section 4.4 Preemptive and Appraisal Rights . Except as may be provided by the Board of Directors in setting the terms of classified or reclassified shares of stock pursuant to Section 6.4 or as may otherwise be provided by contract approved by the Board of Directors, no holder of shares of stock of the Corporation shall, as such holder, have any preemptive right to purchase or subscribe for any additional shares of stock of the Corporation or any other security of the Corporation which it may issue or sell. Holders of shares of stock shall not be entitled to exercise any rights of an objecting stockholder provided for under Title 3, Subtitle 2 of the MGCL or any successor statute unless the Board of Directors, upon the affirmative vote of a majority of the Board of Directors, shall determine that such rights apply, with respect to all or any classes or series of stock, to one or more transactions occurring after the date of such determination in connection with which holders of such shares would otherwise be entitled to exercise such rights.
Section 4.5 Indemnification . The Corporation shall have the power, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law in effect from time to time, to obligate itself to indemnify, and to pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding to, (a) any individual who is a present or former director or officer of the Corporation or (b) any individual who, while a director or officer of the Corporation and at the request of the Corporation, serves or has served as a director, officer, partner or trustee of another corporation, real estate investment trust, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or any other enterprise from and against any claim or liability to which such person may become subject or which such person may incur by reason of his or her service in such capacity. The Corporation shall have the power, with the approval of the Board of Directors, to provide such indemnification and advancement of expenses to a person who served a predecessor of the Corporation in any of the capacities described in (a) or (b) above and to any employee or agent of the Corporation or a predecessor of the Corporation.
Section 4.6 Determinations by Board . The determination as to any of the following matters, made in good faith by or pursuant to the direction of the Board of Directors consistent with the Charter, shall be final and conclusive and shall be binding upon the Corporation and every holder of
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shares of its stock: the amount of the net income of the Corporation for any period and the amount of assets at any time legally available for the payment of dividends, redemption of its stock or the payment of other distributions on its stock; the amount of paid-in surplus, net assets, other surplus, annual or other cash flow, funds from operations, net profit, net assets in excess of capital, undivided profits or excess of profits over losses on sales of assets; the amount, purpose, time of creation, increase or decrease, alteration or cancellation of any reserves or charges and the propriety thereof (whether or not any obligation or liability for which such reserves or charges shall have been created shall have been paid or discharged); any interpretation of the terms, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers or rights, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or distributions, qualifications or terms or conditions of redemption of any class or series of stock of the Corporation; the fair value, or any sale, bid or asked price to be applied in determining the fair value, of any asset owned or held by the Corporation or of any shares of stock of the Corporation; the number of shares of stock of any class of the Corporation; any matter relating to the acquisition, holding and disposition of any assets by the Corporation; or any other matter relating to the business and affairs of the Corporation or required or permitted by applicable law, the Charter or Bylaws or otherwise to be determined by the Board of Directors.
Section 4.7 REIT Qualification . If the Corporation elects to qualify for federal income tax treatment as a REIT, the Board of Directors shall use its reasonable best efforts to take such actions as are necessary or appropriate to preserve the status of the Corporation as a REIT; however, if the Board of Directors determines that it is no longer in the best interests of the Corporation to continue to be qualified as a REIT, the Board of Directors may revoke or otherwise terminate the Corporation's REIT election pursuant to Section 856(g) of the Code. The Board of Directors also may determine that compliance with any restriction or limitation on stock ownership and transfers set forth in Article VI is no longer required for REIT qualification.
Section 4.8 Removal of Directors . Subject to the rights of holders of one or more classes or series of Preferred Stock to elect or remove one or more directors, any director, or the entire Board of Directors, may be removed from office at any time, but only for cause and then only by the affirmative vote of at least two thirds of the votes entitled to be cast generally in the election of directors. For the purpose of this paragraph, "cause" shall mean, with respect to any particular director, conviction of a felony or a final judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction holding that such director caused demonstrable, material harm to the Corporation through bad faith or active and deliberate dishonesty.
Section 5.1 Authorized Shares . The Corporation has authority to issue 950,000,000 shares of stock, consisting of 750,000,000 shares of Common Stock, $.01 par value per share ("Common Stock"), and 200,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, $.01 par value per share ("Preferred Stock"). The aggregate par value of all authorized shares of stock having par value is $9,500,000. If shares of one class of stock are classified or reclassified into shares of another class of stock pursuant to Section 5.1, 5.3 or 5.4 of this Article V, the number of authorized shares of the former class shall be automatically decreased and the number of shares of the latter class shall be automatically increased, in each case by the number of shares so classified or reclassified, so that the aggregate number of shares of stock of all classes that the Corporation has authority to issue shall not be more than the total number of shares of stock set forth in the first sentence of this paragraph. The Board of Directors, with the approval of a majority of the entire Board and without any action by the stockholders of the Corporation, may amend the Charter from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares of stock or the number of shares of stock of any class or series that the Corporation has authority to issue.
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Section 5.2 Common Stock . Subject to the provisions of Article VI and except as may otherwise be specified in the terms of any class or series of Common Stock, each share of Common Stock shall entitle the holder thereof to one vote. The Board of Directors may reclassify any unissued shares of Common Stock from time to time in one or more classes or series of stock.
Section 5.3 Preferred Stock . The Board of Directors may classify any unissued shares of Preferred Stock and reclassify any previously classified but unissued shares of Preferred Stock of any series from time to time, in one or more classes or series of stock.
Section 5.4 Classified or Reclassified Shares . Prior to issuance of classified or reclassified shares of any class or series, the Board of Directors by resolution shall: (a) designate that class or series to distinguish it from all other classes and series of stock of the Corporation; (b) specify the number of shares to be included in the class or series; (c) set or change, subject to the provisions of Article VI and subject to the express terms of any class or series of stock of the Corporation outstanding at the time, the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption for each class or series; and (d) cause the Corporation to file articles supplementary with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland ("SDAT"). Any of the terms of any class or series of stock set or changed pursuant to clause (c) of this Section 5.4 may be made dependent upon facts or events ascertainable outside the Charter (including determinations by the Board of Directors or other facts or events within the control of the Corporation) and may vary among holders thereof, provided that the manner in which such facts, events or variations shall operate upon the terms of such class or series of stock is clearly and expressly set forth in the articles supplementary or other charter document.
Section 5.5 Charter and Bylaws . The rights of all stockholders and the terms of all stock are subject to the provisions of the Charter and the Bylaws.
ARTICLE VI
RESTRICTION ON TRANSFER AND OWNERSHIP OF SHARES
Section 6.1 Definitions . For the purpose of this Article VII, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit. The term "Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit" shall mean not more than 5.0% in value of the aggregate of the outstanding shares of Capital Stock, subject to adjustment from time to time by the Board of Directors in accordance with Section 6.2.8. For all purposes hereof, value shall be determined by the Board of Directors in good faith, which determination shall be conclusive.
Beneficial Ownership. The term "Beneficial Ownership" shall mean ownership of Capital Stock by a Person, whether the interest in the shares of Capital Stock is held directly or indirectly (including by a nominee), and shall include interests that would be treated as owned through the application of Section 544 of the Code, as modified by Section 856(h)(1)(B) of the Code. The terms "Beneficial Owner," "Beneficially Owns" and "Beneficially Owned" shall have the correlative meanings.
Business Day. The term "Business Day" shall mean any day, other than a Saturday or Sunday, that is neither a legal holiday nor a day on which banking institutions in New York City are authorized or required by law, regulation or executive order to close.
Capital Stock. The term "Capital Stock" shall mean all classes or series of stock of the Corporation, including, without limitation, Common Stock and Preferred Stock.
Charitable Beneficiary. The term "Charitable Beneficiary" shall mean one or more beneficiaries of the Trust as determined pursuant to Section 6.3.6, provided that each such organization must be
4
described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Code and contributions to each such organization must be eligible for deduction under each of Sections 170(b)(1)(A), 2055 and 2522 of the Code.
Common Stock Ownership Limit. The term "Common Stock Ownership Limit" shall mean not more than 5.0% (in value or in number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, and subject to adjustment from time to time by the Board of Directors in accordance with Section 6.2.8) of the aggregate of the outstanding shares of Common Stock of the Corporation.
Constructive Ownership. The term "Constructive Ownership" shall mean ownership of Capital Stock by a Person, whether the interest in the shares of Capital Stock is held directly or indirectly (including by a nominee), and shall include interests that would be treated as owned through the application of Section 318(a) of the Code, as modified by Section 856(d)(5) of the Code. The terms "Constructive Owner," "Constructively Owns" and "Constructively Owned" shall have the correlative meanings.
Excepted Holder. The term "Excepted Holder" shall mean any stockholder of the Corporation for whom an Excepted Holder Limit is created by the Board of Directors pursuant to Section 6.2.7.
Excepted Holder Limit. The term "Excepted Holder Limit" shall mean for each Excepted Holder, provided that the affected Excepted Holder agrees to comply with the requirements established by the Board of Directors pursuant to Section 6.2.7 and subject to adjustment pursuant to Section 6.2.8, the percentage limit established by the Board of Directors pursuant to Section 6.2.7, which limit may be expressed, in the discretion of the Board of Directors, as one or more percentages and/or numbers of shares of Capital Stock, and may apply with respect to one or more classes of Capital Stock or to all classes of Capital Stock in the aggregate.
Initial Date. The term "Initial Date" shall mean the date of the closing of the issuance of Common Stock pursuant to the initial public offering of the Corporation.
Market Price. The term "Market Price" on any date shall mean, with respect to any class or series of outstanding shares of Capital Stock, the Closing Price for such Capital Stock on such date. The "Closing Price" on any date shall mean the last sale price for such Capital Stock, regular way, or, in case no such sale takes place on such day, the average of the closing bid and asked prices, regular way, for such Capital Stock, in either case as reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting system with respect to securities listed or admitted to trading on the NYSE or, if such Capital Stock is not listed or admitted to trading on the NYSE, as reported on the principal consolidated transaction reporting system with respect to securities listed on the principal national securities exchange on which such Capital Stock is listed or admitted to trading or, if such Capital Stock is not listed or admitted to trading on any national securities exchange, the last quoted price, or, if not so quoted, the average of the high bid and low asked prices in the over-the-counter market, as reported by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. Automated Quotation System or, if such system is no longer in use, the principal other automated quotation system that may then be in use or, if such Capital Stock is not quoted by any such organization, the average of the closing bid and asked prices as furnished by a professional market maker making a market in such Capital Stock selected by the Board of Directors of the Corporation or, in the event that no trading price is available for such Capital Stock, the fair market value of the Capital Stock, as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Corporation.
NYSE. The term "NYSE" shall mean the New York Stock Exchange.
Person. The term "Person" shall mean an individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, estate, trust (including a trust qualified under Sections 401(a) or 501(c)(17) of the Code), a portion of a trust permanently set aside for or to be used exclusively for the purposes described in Section 642(c) of the Code, association, private foundation within the meaning of Section 509(a) of the
5
Code, joint stock company or other entity and also includes a group as that term is used for purposes of Section 13(d)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and a group to which an Excepted Holder Limit applies.
Prohibited Owner. The term "Prohibited Owner" shall mean, with respect to any purported Transfer, any Person who, but for the provisions of Section 6.2.1, would Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock, and if appropriate in the context, shall also mean any Person who would have been the record owner of the shares that the Prohibited Owner would have so owned.
Restriction Termination Date. The term "Restriction Termination Date" shall mean the first day after the Initial Date on which the Corporation determines pursuant to Section 4.7 of the Charter that it is no longer in the best interests of the Corporation to attempt to, or continue to, qualify as a REIT or that compliance with the restrictions and limitations on Beneficial Ownership, Constructive Ownership and Transfers of shares of Capital Stock set forth herein is no longer required in order for the Corporation to qualify as a REIT.
Transfer. The term "Transfer" shall mean any issuance, sale, transfer, gift, assignment, devise or other disposition, as well as any other event that causes any Person to acquire, or change its level of, Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership, or any agreement to take any such actions or cause any such events, of Capital Stock or the right to vote or receive dividends on Capital Stock, including (a) the granting or exercise of any option (or any disposition of any option), (b) any disposition of any securities or rights convertible into or exchangeable for Capital Stock or any interest in Capital Stock or any exercise of any such conversion or exchange right and (c) Transfers of interests in other entities that result in changes in Beneficial or Constructive Ownership of Capital Stock; in each case, whether voluntary or involuntary, whether owned of record, Constructively Owned or Beneficially Owned and whether by operation of law or otherwise. The terms "Transferring" and "Transferred" shall have the correlative meanings.
Trust. The term "Trust" shall mean any trust provided for in Section 6.3.1.
Trustee. The term "Trustee" shall mean the Person unaffiliated with the Corporation and a Prohibited Owner, that is appointed by the Corporation to serve as trustee of the Trust.
Section 6.2 Capital Stock .
Section 6.2.1 Ownership Limitations . During the period commencing on the Initial Date and prior to the Restriction Termination Date, but subject to Section 6.4:
(a) Basic Restrictions.
(i) (1) No Person, other than an Excepted Holder, shall Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock in excess of the Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit, (2) no Person, other than an Excepted Holder, shall Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Common Stock in excess of the Common Stock Ownership Limit and (3) no Excepted Holder shall Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock in excess of the Excepted Holder Limit for such Excepted Holder.
(ii) No Person shall Beneficially or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock to the extent that such Beneficial or Constructive Ownership of Capital Stock would result in the Corporation being "closely held" within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code (without regard to whether the ownership interest is held during the last half of a taxable year), or otherwise failing to qualify as a REIT (including, but not limited to, Beneficial or Constructive Ownership that would result in the Corporation owning (actually or Constructively) an interest in a tenant that is described in Section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code if the income derived by the Corporation from such tenant would cause the Corporation to fail to satisfy any of the gross income requirements of Section 856(c) of the Code).
(iii) Any Transfer of shares of Capital Stock that, if effective, would result in the Capital Stock being beneficially owned by less than 100 Persons (determined under the principles of Section 856(a)(5) of the Code) shall be void ab initio , and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such shares of Capital Stock.
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(b) Transfer in Trust . If any Transfer of shares of Capital Stock (whether or not such Transfer is the result of a transaction entered into through the facilities of the NYSE or any other national securities exchange or automated inter-dealer quotation system) occurs which, if effective, would result in any Person Beneficially Owning or Constructively Owning shares of Capital Stock in violation of Section 6.2.1(a)(i) or (ii),
(i) then that number of shares of the Capital Stock, the Beneficial or Constructive Ownership of which otherwise would cause such Person to violate Section 6.2.1(a)(i) or (ii) (rounded to the nearest whole share), shall be automatically transferred to a Trust for the benefit of a Charitable Beneficiary, as described in Section 6.3, effective as of the close of business on the Business Day prior to the date of such Transfer, and such Person shall acquire no rights in such shares; or
(ii) if the transfer to the Trust described in clause (i) of this sentence would not be effective for any reason to prevent the violation of Section 6.2.1(a)(i) or (ii), then the Transfer of that number of shares of Capital Stock that otherwise would cause any Person to violate Section 6.2.1(a)(i) or (ii) shall be void ab initio , and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such shares of Capital Stock.
(iii) In determining which shares of Capital Stock are to be transferred to a Trust in accordance with this Section 6.2.1(b) and Section 6.3 hereof, shares shall be so transferred to a Trust in such manner as minimizes the aggregate value of the shares that are transferred to the Trust (except as provided in Section 6.2.6) and, to the extent not inconsistent therewith, on a pro rata basis.
(iv) To the extent that, upon a transfer of shares of Capital Stock pursuant to this Section 6.2.1(b), a violation of any provision of Section 6.2.1(a) would nonetheless be continuing, (as, for example, where the ownership of shares of Capital Stock by a single Trust would result in the Capital Stock being Beneficially Owned (determined under the principles of Section 856(a)(5) of the Code) by less than 100 persons), then shares of Capital Stock shall be transferred to that number of Trusts, each having a Trustee and a Charitable Beneficiary or Beneficiaries that are distinct from those of each other Trust, such that there is no violation of any provision of Section 6.2.1(a) hereof.
Section 6.2.2 Remedies for Breach . If the Board of Directors of the Corporation or any duly authorized committee thereof shall at any time determine in good faith that a Transfer or other event has taken place that results in a violation of Section 6.2.1 or that a Person intends to acquire or has attempted to acquire Beneficial or Constructive Ownership of any shares of Capital Stock in violation of Section 6.2.1 (whether or not such violation is intended), the Board of Directors or a committee thereof shall take such action as it deems advisable to refuse to give effect to or to prevent such Transfer or other event, including, without limitation, causing the Corporation to redeem shares, refusing to give effect to such Transfer on the books of the Corporation or instituting proceedings to enjoin such Transfer or other event; provided , however , that any Transfer or attempted Transfer or other event in violation of Section 6.2.1 shall automatically result in the transfer to the Trust described above, and, where applicable, such Transfer (or other event) shall be void ab initio as provided above irrespective of any action (or non-action) by the Board of Directors or a committee thereof.
Section 6.2.3 Notice of Restricted Transfer . Any Person who acquires or attempts or intends to acquire Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of shares of Capital Stock that will or may violate Section 6.2.1(a) or any Person who would have owned shares of Capital Stock that resulted in a transfer to the Trust pursuant to the provisions of Section 6.2.1(b) shall immediately give written notice to the Corporation of such event or, in the case of such a proposed or attempted transaction, give at least 15 days prior written notice, and shall provide to the
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Corporation such other information as the Corporation may request in order to determine the effect, if any, of such Transfer on the Corporation's status as a REIT.
Section 6.2.4 Owners Required To Provide Information . From the Initial Date and prior to the Restriction Termination Date:
(a) every owner of five percent or more (or such lower percentage as required by the Code or the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder) of the outstanding shares of Capital Stock, within 30 days after the end of each taxable year, shall give written notice to the Corporation stating the name and address of such owner, the number of shares of Capital Stock and other shares of the Capital Stock Beneficially Owned and a description of the manner in which such shares are held. Each such owner shall provide promptly to the Corporation such additional information as the Corporation may request in order to determine the effect, if any, of such Beneficial Ownership on the Corporation's status as a REIT and to ensure compliance with the Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit and the Common Stock Ownership Limit; and
(b) each Person who is a Beneficial or Constructive Owner of Capital Stock and each Person (including the stockholder of record) who is holding Capital Stock for a Beneficial or Constructive Owner shall, on demand, provide to the Corporation such information as the Corporation may request, in good faith, in order to determine the Corporation's status as a REIT and to comply with requirements of any taxing authority or governmental authority or to determine such compliance.
Section 6.2.5 Remedies Not Limited . Subject to Section 4.7 of the Charter, nothing contained in this Section 6.2 shall limit the authority of the Board of Directors of the Corporation to take such other action as it deems necessary or advisable to protect the Corporation and the interests of its stockholders in preserving the Corporation's status as a REIT.
Section 6.2.6 Ambiguity . In the case of an ambiguity in the application of any of the provisions of this Section 6.2, Section 6.3, or any definition contained in Section 6.1, the Board of Directors of the Corporation shall have the power to determine the application of the provisions of this Section 6.2 or Section 6.3 or any such definition with respect to any situation based on the facts known to it. In the event Section 6.2 or 6.3 requires an action by the Board of Directors and the Charter fails to provide specific guidance with respect to such action, the Board of Directors shall have the power to determine the action to be taken so long as such action is not contrary to the provisions of Sections 6.1, 6.2 or 6.3. Absent a decision to the contrary by the Board of Directors (which the Board may make in its sole and absolute discretion), if a Person would have (but for the remedies set forth in Section 6.2.2) acquired Beneficial or Constructive Ownership of Capital Stock in violation of Section 6.2.1, such remedies (as applicable) shall apply first to the shares of Capital Stock which, but for such remedies, would have been Beneficially Owned or Constructively Owned (but not actually owned) by such Person, pro rata among the Persons who actually own such shares of Capital Stock based upon the relative number of the shares of Capital Stock held by each such Person.
Section 6.2.7 Exceptions .
(a) Subject to Section 6.2.1(a)(ii), the Board of Directors of the Corporation, in its sole discretion, may exempt (prospectively or retroactively) a Person from the Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit and the Common Stock Ownership Limit, as the case may be, and may establish or increase an Excepted Holder Limit for such Person if:
(i) the Board of Directors obtains such representations and undertakings from such Person to the extent required by the Board of Directors and as are reasonably necessary to ascertain that no individual's Beneficial or Constructive Ownership of such shares of Capital Stock will violate Section 6.2.1(a)(ii);
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(ii) such Person does not and represents that it will not own, actually or Constructively, an interest in a tenant of the Corporation (or a tenant of any entity owned or controlled by the Corporation) that would cause the Corporation to own, actually or Constructively, more than a 9.9% interest (as set forth in Section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code) in such tenant and the Board of Directors obtains such representations and undertakings from such Person as are reasonably necessary to ascertain this fact (for this purpose, a tenant from whom the Corporation (or an entity owned or controlled by the Corporation) derives (and is expected to continue to derive) a sufficiently small amount of revenue such that, in the opinion of the Board of Directors of the Corporation, rent from such tenant would not adversely affect the Corporation's ability to qualify as a REIT shall not be treated as a tenant of the Corporation); and
(iii) such Person agrees that any violation or attempted violation of such representations or undertakings as may be required by the Board of Directors (or other action which is contrary to the restrictions contained in Sections 6.2.1 through 6.2.6) will result in such shares of Capital Stock being automatically transferred to a Trust in accordance with Sections 6.2.1(b) and 6.3.
(b) Prior to granting any exception pursuant to Section 6.2.7(a), the Board of Directors of the Corporation may require a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service, or an opinion of counsel, in either case in form and substance satisfactory to the Board of Directors in its sole discretion, as it may deem necessary or advisable in order to determine or ensure the Corporation's status as a REIT. Notwithstanding the receipt of any ruling or opinion, the Board of Directors may impose such conditions or restrictions as it deems appropriate in connection with granting such exception.
(c) Subject to Section 6.2.1(a)(ii), an underwriter which participates in a public offering or a private placement of Capital Stock (or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Capital Stock) may Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock (or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Capital Stock) in excess of the Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit, the Common Stock Ownership Limit, or both such limits, but only to the extent necessary to facilitate such public offering or private placement.
(d) The Board of Directors may only reduce the Excepted Holder Limit for an Excepted Holder: (1) with the written consent of such Excepted Holder at any time, or (2) pursuant to the terms and conditions of the agreements and undertakings entered into with such Excepted Holder in connection with the establishment of the Excepted Holder Limit for that Excepted Holder. No Excepted Holder Limit shall be reduced to a percentage that is less than the Common Stock Ownership Limit.
Section 6.2.8 Increase in Aggregate Stock Ownership and Common Stock Ownership Limits . Subject to Section 6.2.1(a)(ii), the Board of Directors may, in its sole discretion, from time to time increase the Common Stock Ownership Limit and the Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit for one or more Persons and decrease the Common Stock Ownership Limit and the Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit for all other Persons; provided, however, that the decreased Common Stock Ownership Limit and/or Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit will not be effective for any Person whose percentage ownership of Capital Stock is in excess of such decreased Common Stock Ownership Limit and/or Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit until such time as such Person's percentage ownership of Capital Stock equals or falls below the decreased Common Stock Ownership Limit and/or Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit, but any further acquisition of Capital Stock in excess of such percentage ownership of Capital Stock will be in violation of the Common Stock Ownership Limit and/or Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit and, provided further, that the new Common Stock Ownership Limit and/or Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit would not allow
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five or fewer Persons to Beneficially Own more than 49.9% in value of the outstanding Capital Stock.
Section 6.2.9 Legend . Each certificate for shares of Capital Stock shall bear substantially the following legend:
The shares represented by this certificate are subject to restrictions on Beneficial and Constructive Ownership and Transfer for the purpose, among others, of the Corporation's maintenance of its status as a Real Estate Investment Trust under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"). Subject to certain further restrictions and except as expressly provided in the Corporation's Charter, (i) no Person may Beneficially or Constructively Own shares of the Corporation's Common Stock in excess of 5.0% (in value or number of shares) of the outstanding shares of Common Stock of the Corporation unless such Person is an Excepted Holder (in which case the Excepted Holder Limit shall be applicable); (ii) no Person may Beneficially or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock of the Corporation in excess of 5.0% of the value of the total outstanding shares of Capital Stock of the Corporation, unless such Person is an Excepted Holder (in which case the Excepted Holder Limit shall be applicable); (iii) no Person may Beneficially or Constructively Own Capital Stock that would result in the Corporation being "closely held" under Section 856(h) of the Code or otherwise cause the Corporation to fail to qualify as a REIT; and (iv) no Person may Transfer shares of Capital Stock if such Transfer would result in the Capital Stock of the Corporation being owned by fewer than 100 Persons. Any Person who Beneficially or Constructively Owns or attempts to Beneficially or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock which causes or will cause a Person to Beneficially or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock in excess or in violation of the above limitations must immediately notify the Corporation. If any of the restrictions on transfer or ownership are violated, the shares of Capital Stock represented hereby will be automatically transferred to a Trustee of a Trust for the benefit of one or more Charitable Beneficiaries. In addition, the Corporation may redeem shares upon the terms and conditions specified by the Board of Directors in its sole discretion if the Board of Directors determines that ownership or a Transfer or other event may violate the restrictions described above. Furthermore, upon the occurrence of certain events, attempted Transfers in violation of the restrictions described above may be void ab initio . All capitalized terms in this legend have the meanings defined in the Charter of the Corporation, as the same may be amended from time to time, a copy of which, including the restrictions on transfer and ownership, will be furnished to each holder of Capital Stock of the Corporation on request and without charge. Requests for such a copy may be directed to the Secretary of the Corporation at its Principal Office.
Instead of the foregoing legend, the certificate may state that the Corporation will furnish a full statement about certain restrictions on transferability to a stockholder on request and without charge.
Section 6.3 Transfer of Capital Stock in Trust .
Section 6.3.1 Ownership in Trust . Upon any purported Transfer or other event described in Section 6.2.1(b) that would result in a transfer of shares of Capital Stock to a Trust, such shares of Capital Stock shall be deemed to have been transferred to the Trustee as trustee of a Trust for the exclusive benefit of one or more Charitable Beneficiaries. Such transfer to the Trustee shall be deemed to be effective as of the close of business on the Business Day prior to the purported Transfer or other event that results in the transfer to the Trust pursuant to Section 6.2.1(b). The Trustee shall be appointed by the Corporation and shall be a Person unaffiliated with the Corporation and any Prohibited Owner. Each Charitable Beneficiary shall be designated by the Corporation as provided in Section 6.3.6.
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Section 6.3.2 Status of Shares Held by the Trustee . Shares of Capital Stock held by the Trustee shall be issued and outstanding shares of Capital Stock of the Corporation. The Prohibited Owner shall have no rights in the shares held by the Trustee. The Prohibited Owner shall not benefit economically from ownership of any shares held in trust by the Trustee, shall have no rights to dividends or other distributions and shall not possess any rights to vote or other rights attributable to the shares held in the Trust.
Section 6.3.3 Dividend and Voting Rights . The Trustee shall have all voting rights and rights to dividends or other distributions with respect to shares of Capital Stock held in the Trust, which rights shall be exercised for the exclusive benefit of the Charitable Beneficiary. Any dividend or other distribution paid prior to the discovery by the Corporation that the shares of Capital Stock have been transferred to the Trustee shall be paid by the recipient of such dividend or distribution to the Trustee upon demand and any dividend or other distribution authorized but unpaid shall be paid when due to the Trustee. Any dividend or distribution so paid to the Trustee shall be held in trust for the Charitable Beneficiary. The Prohibited Owner shall have no voting rights with respect to shares held in the Trust and, subject to Maryland law, effective as of the date that the shares of Capital Stock have been transferred to the Trustee, the Trustee shall have the authority (at the Trustee's sole discretion) (i) to rescind as void any vote cast by a Prohibited Owner prior to the discovery by the Corporation that the shares of Capital Stock have been transferred to the Trustee and (ii) to recast such vote in accordance with the desires of the Trustee acting for the benefit of the Charitable Beneficiary; provided, however, that if the Corporation has already taken irreversible corporate action, then the Trustee shall not have the authority to rescind and recast such vote. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Article VI, until the Corporation has received notification that shares of Capital Stock have been transferred into a Trust, the Corporation shall be entitled to rely on its share transfer and other stockholder records for purposes of preparing lists of stockholders entitled to vote at meetings, determining the validity and authority of proxies and otherwise conducting votes of stockholders.
Section 6.3.4 Sale of Shares by Trustee . Within 20 days of receiving notice from the Corporation that shares of Capital Stock have been transferred to the Trust, the Trustee of the Trust shall sell the shares held in the Trust to a person or persons, designated by the Trustee, whose ownership of the shares will not violate the ownership limitations set forth in Section 6.2.1(a). Upon such sale, the interest of the Charitable Beneficiary in the shares sold shall terminate and the Trustee shall distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the Prohibited Owner and to the Charitable Beneficiary as provided in this Section 6.3.4. The Prohibited Owner shall receive the lesser of (1) the price paid by the Prohibited Owner for the shares or, if the Prohibited Owner did not give value for the shares in connection with the event causing the shares to be held in the Trust ( e.g. , in the case of a gift, devise or other such transaction), the Market Price of the shares on the day of the event causing the shares to be held in the Trust and (2) the price per share received by the Trustee (net of any commissions and other expenses of sale) from the sale or other disposition of the shares held in the Trust. The Trustee may reduce the amount payable to the Prohibited Owner by the amount of dividends and distributions which have been paid to the Prohibited Owner and are owed by the Prohibited Owner to the Trustee pursuant to Section 6.3.3 of this Article VI. Any net sales proceeds in excess of the amount payable to the Prohibited Owner shall be immediately paid to the Charitable Beneficiary. If, prior to the discovery by the Corporation that shares of Capital Stock have been transferred to the Trustee, such shares are sold by a Prohibited Owner, then (i) such shares shall be deemed to have been sold on behalf of the Trust and (ii) to the extent that the Prohibited Owner received an amount for such shares that exceeds the amount that such Prohibited Owner was entitled to receive pursuant to this Section 6.3.4, such excess shall be paid to the Trustee upon demand.
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Section 6.3.5 Purchase Right in Capital Stock Transferred to the Trustee . Shares of Capital Stock transferred to the Trustee shall be deemed to have been offered for sale to the Corporation, or its designee, at a price per share equal to the lesser of (i) the price per share in the transaction that resulted in such transfer to the Trust (or, in the case of a devise or gift, the Market Price at the time of such devise or gift) and (ii) the Market Price on the date the Corporation, or its designee, accepts such offer. The Corporation may reduce the amount payable to the Prohibited Owner by the amount of dividends and distributions which has been paid to the Prohibited Owner and are owed by the Prohibited Owner to the Trustee pursuant to Section 6.3.3 of this Article VI. The Corporation may pay the amount of such reduction to the Trustee for the benefit of the Charitable Beneficiary. The Corporation shall have the right to accept such offer until the Trustee has sold the shares held in the Trust pursuant to Section 6.3.4. Upon such a sale to the Corporation, the interest of the Charitable Beneficiary in the shares sold shall terminate and the Trustee shall distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the Prohibited Owner.
Section 6.3.6 Designation of Charitable Beneficiaries . By written notice to the Trustee, the Corporation shall designate one or more nonprofit organizations to be the Charitable Beneficiary of the interest in the Trust such that (i) the shares of Capital Stock held in the Trust would not violate the restrictions set forth in Section 6.2.1(a) in the hands of such Charitable Beneficiary and (ii) each such organization must be described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Code and contributions to each such organization must be eligible for deduction under each of Sections 170(b)(1)(A), 2055 and 2522 of the Code.
Section 6.4 NYSE Transactions . Nothing in this Article VI shall preclude the settlement of any transaction entered into through the facilities of the NYSE or any other national securities exchange or automated inter-dealer quotation system. The fact that the settlement of any transaction occurs shall not negate the effect of any other provision of this Article VI and any transferee in such a transaction shall be subject to all of the provisions and limitations set forth in this Article VI.
Section 6.5 Enforcement . The Corporation is authorized specifically to seek equitable relief, including injunctive relief, to enforce the provisions of this Article VI.
Section 6.6 Non-Waiver . No delay or failure on the part of the Corporation or the Board of Directors in exercising any right hereunder shall operate as a waiver of any right of the Corporation or the Board of Directors, as the case may be, except to the extent specifically waived in writing.
The Corporation reserves the right from time to time to make any amendment to its Charter, now or hereafter authorized by law, including any amendment altering the terms or contract rights, as expressly set forth in the Charter, of any shares of outstanding stock. All rights and powers conferred by the Charter on stockholders, directors and officers are granted subject to this reservation. Except for amendments to Article IV, Section 4.8 or the next sentence of the Charter and except for those amendments permitted to be made without stockholder approval under Maryland law or by specific provision in the Charter, any amendment to the Charter shall be valid only if declared advisable by the Board of Directors and approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. However, any amendment to Article IV, Section 4.8 or to this sentence of the Charter shall be valid only if declared advisable by the Board of Directors and approved by the affirmative vote of two-thirds of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter.
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ARTICLE VIII
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
To the maximum extent that Maryland law in effect from time to time permits limitation of the liability of directors and officers of a corporation, no present or former director or officer of the Corporation shall be liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for money damages. Neither the amendment nor repeal of this Article VIII, nor the adoption or amendment of any other provision of the Charter or Bylaws inconsistent with this Article VIII, shall apply to or affect in any respect the applicability of the preceding sentence with respect to any act or failure to act which occurred prior to such amendment, repeal or adoption.
THIRD: The amendment to and restatement of the charter as hereinabove set forth have been duly advised by the Board of Directors and approved by the stockholders of the Corporation as required by law.
FOURTH: The current address of the principal office of the Corporation is as set forth in Article IV of the foregoing amendment and restatement of the charter.
FIFTH: The name and address of the Corporation's current resident agent is as set forth in Article IV of the foregoing amendment and restatement of the charter.
SIXTH: The number of directors of the Corporation and the names of those currently in office are as set forth in Article IV of the foregoing amendment and restatement of the charter.
SEVENTH: The total number of shares of stock which the Corporation had authority to issue immediately prior to this amendment and restatement was 1,000, consisting of 1,000 shares of Common Stock, $.01 par value per share. The aggregate par value of all shares of stock having par value was $10.
EIGHTH: The total number of shares of stock which the Corporation has authority to issue pursuant to the foregoing amendment and restatement of the charter is 950,000,000, consisting of 750,000,000 shares of Common Stock, $.01 par value per share, and 200,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, $.01 par value per share. The aggregate par value of all authorized shares of stock having par value is $9,500,000.
NINTH: The undersigned President acknowledges these Articles of Amendment and Restatement to be the corporate act of the Corporation and as to all matters or facts required to be verified under oath, the undersigned President acknowledges that, to the best of his knowledge, information and belief, these matters and facts are true in all material respects and that this statement is made under the penalties for perjury.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Corporation has caused these Articles of Amendment and Restatement to be signed in its name and on its behalf by its President and attested to by its Secretary on this 17th day of October, 2006.
ATTEST: | DOUGLAS EMMETT, INC. | ||||
/s/
BARBARA J. ORR
|
By: |
/s/
JORDAN L. KAPLAN
|
(SEAL) | ||
Name: Barbara J. Orr
Title: Secretary |
Name: Jordan L. Kaplan
Title: President |
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DOUGLAS EMMETT, INC.
BYLAWS
ARTICLE I
OFFICES
Section 1. PRINCIPAL OFFICE . The principal office of the Corporation in the State of Maryland shall be located at such place as the Board of Directors may designate.
Section 2. ADDITIONAL OFFICES . The Corporation may have additional offices, including a principal executive office, at such places as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine or the business of the Corporation may require.
ARTICLE II
MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS
Section 1. PLACE . All meetings of stockholders shall be held at the principal executive office of the Corporation or at such other place as shall be set by the Board of Directors and stated in the notice of the meeting.
Section 2. ANNUAL MEETING . An annual meeting of the stockholders for the election of directors and the transaction of any business within the powers of the Corporation shall be held on a date and at the time set by the Board of Directors during the month of May in each year.
Section 3. SPECIAL MEETINGS .
(a) General . The chairman of the board, president, chief executive officer or Board of Directors may call a special meeting of the stockholders. Subject to subsection (b) of this Section 3, a special meeting of stockholders shall also be called by the secretary of the Corporation upon the written request of stockholders entitled to cast not less than a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting.
(b) Stockholder Requested Special Meetings .
(1) Any stockholder of record seeking to have stockholders request a special meeting shall, by sending written notice to the secretary (the "Record Date Request Notice") by registered mail, return receipt requested, request the Board of Directors to fix a record date to determine the stockholders entitled to request a special meeting (the "Request Record Date"). The Record Date Request Notice shall set forth the purpose of the meeting and the matters proposed to be acted on at it, shall be signed by one or more stockholders of record as of the date of signature (or their agents duly authorized in a writing accompanying the Record Date Request Notice), shall bear the date of signature of each such stockholder (or such agent) and shall set forth all information relating to each such stockholder that must be disclosed in solicitations of proxies for election of directors in an election contest (even if an election contest is not involved), or is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A (or any successor provision) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). Upon receiving the Record Date Request Notice, the Board of Directors may fix a Request Record Date. The Request Record Date shall not precede and shall not be more than ten days after the close of business on the date on which the resolution fixing the Request Record Date is adopted by the Board of Directors. If the Board of Directors, within ten days after the date on which a valid Record Date Request Notice is received, fails to adopt a resolution fixing the Request Record Date, the Request Record Date shall be the close of business on the tenth day after the first date on which the Record Date Request Notice is received by the secretary.
(2) In order for any stockholder to request a special meeting, one or more written requests for a special meeting signed by stockholders of record (or their agents duly authorized in a writing accompanying the request) as of the Request Record Date entitled to cast not less than a majority (the "Special Meeting Percentage") of all of the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting (the "Special Meeting Request") shall be delivered to the secretary. In addition, the Special Meeting Request (a) shall set forth the purpose of the meeting and the matters proposed to be acted on at it (which shall be limited to those lawful matters set forth in the Record Date Request Notice received by the secretary), (b) shall bear the date of signature of each such stockholder (or such agent) signing the Special Meeting Request, (c) shall set forth the name and address, as they appear in the Corporation's books, of each stockholder signing such request (or on whose behalf the Special Meeting Request is signed), the class, series and number of all shares of stock of the Corporation which are owned by each such stockholder, and the nominee holder for, and number of, shares owned by such stockholder beneficially but not of record, (d) shall be sent to the secretary by registered mail, return receipt requested, and (e) shall be received by the secretary within 60 days after the Request Record Date. Any requesting stockholder (or agent duly authorized in a writing accompanying the revocation or the Special Meeting Request) may revoke his, her or its request for a special meeting at any time by written revocation delivered to the secretary.
(3) The secretary shall inform the requesting stockholders of the reasonably estimated cost of preparing and mailing the notice of meeting (including the Corporation's proxy materials). The secretary shall not be required to call a special meeting upon stockholder request and such meeting shall not be held unless, in addition to the documents required by paragraph (2) of this Section 3(b), the secretary receives payment of such reasonably estimated cost prior to the mailing of any notice of the meeting.
(4) Except as provided in the next sentence, any special meeting shall be held at such place, date and time as may be designated by the chairman of the board, chief executive officer, president or Board of Directors, whoever has called the meeting. In the case of any special meeting called by the secretary upon the request of stockholders (a "Stockholder Requested Meeting"), such meeting shall be held at such place, date and time as may be designated by the Board of Directors; provided , however, that the date of any Stockholder Requested Meeting shall be not more than 90 days after the record date for such meeting (the "Meeting Record Date"); and provided further that if the Board of Directors fails to designate, within ten days after the date that a valid Special Meeting Request is actually received by the secretary (the "Delivery Date"), a date and time for a Stockholder Requested Meeting, then such meeting shall be held at 2:00 p.m. local time on the 90th day after the Meeting Record Date or, if such 90th day is not a Business Day (as defined below), on the first preceding Business Day; and provided further that in the event that the Board of Directors fails to designate a place for a Stockholder Requested Meeting within ten days after the Delivery Date, then such meeting shall be held at the principal executive office of the Corporation. In fixing a date for any special meeting, the chairman of the board, chief executive officer, president or Board of Directors may consider such factors as he, she or it deems relevant within the good faith exercise of business judgment, including, without limitation, the nature of the matters to be considered, the facts and circumstances surrounding any request for the meeting and any plan of the Board of Directors to call an annual meeting or a special meeting. In the case of any Stockholder Requested Meeting, if the Board of Directors fails to fix a Meeting Record Date that is a date within 30 days after the Delivery Date, then the close of business on the 30th day after the Delivery Date shall be the Meeting Record Date. The Board of Directors may revoke the notice for any Stockholder Requested Meeting in the event that the requesting stockholders fail to comply with the provisions of paragraph (3) of this Section 3(b).
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(5) If written revocations of requests for the special meeting have been delivered to the secretary and the result is that stockholders of record (or their agents duly authorized in writing), as of the Request Record Date, entitled to cast less than the Special Meeting Percentage have delivered, and not revoked, requests for a special meeting to the secretary, the secretary shall: (i) if the notice of meeting has not already been mailed, refrain from mailing the notice of the meeting and send to all requesting stockholders who have not revoked such requests written notice of any revocation of a request for the special meeting, or (ii) if the notice of meeting has been mailed and if the secretary first sends to all requesting stockholders who have not revoked requests for a special meeting written notice of any revocation of a request for the special meeting and written notice of the secretary's intention to revoke the notice of the meeting, revoke the notice of the meeting at any time before ten days before the commencement of the meeting. Any request for a special meeting received after a revocation by the secretary of a notice of a meeting shall be considered a request for a new special meeting.
(6) The chairman of the board, chief executive officer, president or Board of Directors may appoint regionally or nationally recognized independent inspectors of elections to act as the agent of the Corporation for the purpose of promptly performing a ministerial review of the validity of any purported Special Meeting Request received by the secretary. For the purpose of permitting the inspectors to perform such review, no such purported request shall be deemed to have been delivered to the secretary until the earlier of (i) five Business Days after receipt by the secretary of such purported request and (ii) such date as the independent inspectors certify to the Corporation that the valid requests received by the secretary represent at least a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of stock that would be entitled to vote at such meeting. Nothing contained in this paragraph (6) shall in any way be construed to suggest or imply that the Corporation or any stockholder shall not be entitled to contest the validity of any request, whether during or after such five Business Day period, or to take any other action (including, without limitation, the commencement, prosecution or defense of any litigation with respect thereto, and the seeking of injunctive relief in such litigation).
(7) For purposes of these Bylaws, "Business Day" shall mean any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in the State of California are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close.
Section 4. NOTICE . Not less than ten nor more than 90 days before each meeting of stockholders, the secretary shall give to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting and to each stockholder not entitled to vote who is entitled to notice of the meeting written or printed notice stating the time and place of the meeting and, in the case of a special meeting or as otherwise may be required by any statute, the purpose for which the meeting is called, either by mail, by presenting it to such stockholder personally, by leaving it at the stockholder's residence or usual place of business or by any other means permitted by Maryland law. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be given when deposited in the United States mail addressed to the stockholder at the stockholder's address as it appears on the records of the Corporation, with postage thereon prepaid.
Subject to Section 11(a) of this Article II, any business of the Corporation may be transacted at an annual meeting of stockholders without being specifically designated in the notice, except such business as is required by any statute to be stated in such notice. No business shall be transacted at a special meeting of stockholders except as specifically designated in the notice.
Section 5. ORGANIZATION AND CONDUCT . Every meeting of stockholders shall be conducted by an individual appointed by the Board of Directors to be chairman of the meeting or, in the absence of such appointment, by the chairman of the board or, in the case of a vacancy in the office or absence of the chairman of the board, by one of the following officers present at the meeting:
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the vice chairman of the board, if there be one, the president, the vice presidents in their order of rank and seniority, or, in the absence of such officers, a chairman chosen by the stockholders by the vote of a majority of the votes cast by stockholders present in person or by proxy. The secretary, or, in the secretary's absence, an assistant secretary, or in the absence of both the secretary and assistant secretaries, a person appointed by the Board of Directors or, in the absence of such appointment, a person appointed by the chairman of the meeting shall act as secretary. In the event that the secretary presides at a meeting of the stockholders, an assistant secretary, or in the absence of assistant secretaries, an individual appointed by the Board of Directors or the chairman of the meeting, shall record the minutes of the meeting. The order of business and all other matters of procedure at any meeting of stockholders shall be determined by the chairman of the meeting. The chairman of the meeting may prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and take such action as, in the discretion of such chairman, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting, including, without limitation, (a) restricting admission to the time set for the commencement of the meeting; (b) limiting attendance at the meeting to stockholders of record of the Corporation, their duly authorized proxies and other such individuals as the chairman of the meeting may determine; (c) limiting participation at the meeting on any matter to stockholders of record of the Corporation entitled to vote on such matter, their duly authorized proxies and other such individuals as the chairman of the meeting may determine; (d) limiting the time allotted to questions or comments by participants; (e) determining when the polls should be opened and closed; (f) maintaining order and security at the meeting; (g) removing any stockholder or any other individual who refuses to comply with meeting procedures, rules or guidelines as set forth by the chairman of the meeting; and (h) concluding a meeting or recessing or adjourning the meeting to a later date and time and at a place announced at the meeting. Unless otherwise determined by the chairman of the meeting, meetings of stockholders shall not be required to be held in accordance with the rules of parliamentary procedure.
Section 6. QUORUM; ADJOURNMENTS . At any meeting of stockholders, the presence in person or by proxy of stockholders entitled to cast a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting on any matter shall constitute a quorum; but this section shall not affect any requirement under any statute or the charter of the Corporation (the "Charter") for the vote necessary for the adoption of any measure. If, however, such quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the stockholders, the chairman of the meeting shall have the power to adjourn the meeting from time to time to a date not more than 120 days after the original record date without notice other than announcement at the meeting. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally notified.
The stockholders present either in person or by proxy, at a meeting which has been duly called and convened, may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum.
Section 7. VOTING . A plurality of all the votes cast at a meeting of stockholders duly called and at which a quorum is present shall be sufficient to elect a director. Each share may be voted for as many individuals as there are directors to be elected and for whose election the share is entitled to be voted. A majority of the votes cast at a meeting of stockholders duly called and at which a quorum is present shall be sufficient to approve any other matter which may properly come before the meeting, unless more than a majority of the votes cast is required by statute or by the Charter. Unless otherwise provided by statute or by the Charter, each outstanding share, regardless of class, shall be entitled to one vote on each matter submitted to a vote at a meeting of stockholders. Voting on any question or in any election may be viva voce unless the chairman of the meeting shall order that voting be by ballot.
Section 8. PROXIES . A stockholder may cast the votes entitled to be cast by the shares of stock owned of record by the stockholder in person or by proxy executed by the stockholder or by the stockholder's duly authorized agent in any manner permitted by law. Such proxy or evidence of authorization of such proxy shall be filed with the secretary of the Corporation before or at the
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meeting. No proxy shall be valid more than eleven months after its date unless otherwise provided in the proxy.
Section 9. VOTING OF STOCK BY CERTAIN HOLDERS . Stock of the Corporation registered in the name of a corporation, partnership, trust or other entity, if entitled to be voted, may be voted by the president or a vice president, a general partner or trustee thereof, as the case may be, or a proxy appointed by any of the foregoing individuals, unless some other person who has been appointed to vote such stock pursuant to a bylaw or a resolution of the governing body of such corporation or other entity or agreement of the partners of a partnership presents a certified copy of such bylaw, resolution or agreement, in which case such person may vote such stock. Any director or other fiduciary may vote stock registered in his or her name as such fiduciary, either in person or by proxy.
Shares of stock of the Corporation directly or indirectly owned by it shall not be voted at any meeting and shall not be counted in determining the total number of outstanding shares entitled to be voted at any given time, unless they are held by it in a fiduciary capacity, in which case they may be voted and shall be counted in determining the total number of outstanding shares at any given time.
The Board of Directors may adopt by resolution a procedure by which a stockholder may certify in writing to the Corporation that any shares of stock registered in the name of the stockholder are held for the account of a specified person other than the stockholder. The resolution shall set forth the class of stockholders who may make the certification, the purpose for which the certification may be made, the form of certification and the information to be contained in it; if the certification is with respect to a record date or closing of the stock transfer books, the time after the record date or closing of the stock transfer books within which the certification must be received by the Corporation; and any other provisions with respect to the procedure which the Board of Directors considers necessary or desirable. On receipt of such certification, the person specified in the certification shall be regarded as, for the purposes set forth in the certification, the stockholder of record of the specified stock in place of the stockholder who makes the certification.
Section 10. INSPECTORS . The Board of Directors, in advance of any meeting, may, but need not, appoint one or more individual inspectors or one or more entities that designate individuals as inspectors to act at the meeting or any adjournment thereof. If an inspector or inspectors are not appointed, the person presiding at the meeting may, but need not, appoint one or more inspectors. In case any person who may be appointed as an inspector fails to appear or act, the vacancy may be filled by appointment made by the Board of Directors in advance of the meeting or at the meeting by the chairman of the meeting. The inspectors, if any, shall determine the number of shares outstanding and the voting power of each, the shares represented at the meeting, the existence of a quorum, the validity and effect of proxies, and shall receive votes, ballots or consents, hear and determine all challenges and questions arising in connection with the right to vote, count and tabulate all votes, ballots or consents, determine the result, and do such acts as are proper to conduct the election or vote with fairness to all stockholders. Each such report shall be in writing and signed by him or her or by a majority of them if there is more than one inspector acting at such meeting. If there is more than one inspector, the report of a majority shall be the report of the inspectors. The report of the inspector or inspectors on the number of shares represented at the meeting and the results of the voting shall be prima facie evidence thereof.
Section 11. ADVANCE NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDER NOMINEES FOR DIRECTOR AND OTHER STOCKHOLDER PROPOSALS .
(a) Annual Meetings of Stockholders .
(1) Nominations of individuals for election to the Board of Directors and the proposal of other business to be considered by the stockholders may be made at an annual meeting of stockholders (i) pursuant to the Corporation's notice of meeting, (ii) by or at the direction of
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the Board of Directors or (iii) by any stockholder of the Corporation who was a stockholder of record both at the time of giving of notice by the stockholder as provided for in this Section 11(a) and at the time of the annual meeting, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who has complied with this Section 11(a).
(2) For nominations or other business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder pursuant to clause (iii) of paragraph (a)(1) of this Section 11, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the secretary of the Corporation and such other business must otherwise be a proper matter for action by the stockholders. To be timely, a stockholder's notice shall set forth all information required under this Section 11 and shall be delivered to the secretary at the principal executive office of the Corporation not earlier than the 150th day nor later than 5:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, on the 120th day prior to the first anniversary of the date of mailing of the notice for the preceding year's annual meeting; provided, however, that in the event that the date of the annual meeting is advanced or delayed by more than 30 days from the first anniversary of the date of the preceding year's annual meeting, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so delivered not earlier than the 150th day prior to the date of such annual meeting and not later than 5:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, on the later of the 120th day prior to the date of such annual meeting or the tenth day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made. The public announcement of a postponement or adjournment of an annual meeting shall not commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder's notice as described above. Such stockholder's notice shall set forth (i) as to each individual whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection as a director, (A) the name, age, business address and residence address of such individual, (B) the class, series and number of any shares of stock of the Corporation that are beneficially owned by such individual, (C) the date such shares were acquired and the investment intent of such acquisition and (D) all other information relating to such individual that is required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies for election of directors in an election contest (even if an election contest is not involved), or is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A (or any successor provision) under the Exchange Act and the rules thereunder (including such individual's written consent to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected); (ii) as to any other business that the stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting, a description of such business, the reasons for proposing such business at the meeting and any material interest in such business of such stockholder and any Stockholder Associated Person (as defined below), individually or in the aggregate, including any anticipated benefit to the stockholder and the Stockholder Associated Person therefrom; (iii) as to the stockholder giving the notice and any Stockholder Associated Person, the class, series and number of all shares of stock of the Corporation which are owned by such stockholder and by such Stockholder Associated Person, if any, and the nominee holder for, and number of, shares owned beneficially but not of record by such stockholder and by any such Stockholder Associated Person; (iv) as to the stockholder giving the notice and any Stockholder Associated Person covered by clauses (ii) or (iii) of this paragraph (2) of this Section 11(a), the name and address of such stockholder, as they appear on the Corporation's stock ledger and current name and address, if different, and of such Stockholder Associated Person; and (v) to the extent known by the stockholder giving the notice, the name and address of any other stockholder supporting the nominee for election or reelection as a director or the proposal of other business on the date of such stockholder's notice.
(3) Notwithstanding anything in this subsection (a) of this Section 11 to the contrary, in the event the Board of Directors increases or decreases the maximum or minimum number of directors in accordance with Article III, Section 2 of these Bylaws, and there is no public announcement of such action at least 130 days prior to the first anniversary of the date of
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mailing of the notice of the preceding year's annual meeting, a stockholder's notice required by this Section 11(a) shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for any new positions created by such increase, if it shall be delivered to the secretary at the principal executive office of the Corporation not later than 5:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, on the tenth day following the day on which such public announcement is first made by the Corporation.
(4) For purposes of this Section 11, "Stockholder Associated Person" of any stockholder shall mean (i) any person controlling, directly or indirectly, or acting in concert with, such stockholder, (ii) any beneficial owner of shares of stock of the Corporation owned of record or beneficially by such stockholder and (iii) any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with such Stockholder Associated Person.
(b) Special Meetings of Stockholders . Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the Corporation's notice of meeting. Nominations of individuals for election to the Board of Directors may be made at a special meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected (i) pursuant to the Corporation's notice of meeting, (ii) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (iii) provided that the Board of Directors has determined that directors shall be elected at such special meeting, by any stockholder of the Corporation who is a stockholder of record both at the time of giving of notice provided for in this Section 11 and at the time of the special meeting, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who complied with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 11. In the event the Corporation calls a special meeting of stockholders for the purpose of electing one or more individuals to the Board of Directors, any such stockholder may nominate an individual or individuals (as the case may be) for election as a director as specified in the Corporation's notice of meeting, if the stockholder's notice required by paragraph (2) of this Section 11(a) shall be delivered to the secretary at the principal executive office of the Corporation not earlier than the 150th day prior to such special meeting and not later than 5:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, on the later of the 120th day prior to such special meeting or the tenth day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board of Directors to be elected at such meeting. The public announcement of a postponement or adjournment of a special meeting shall not commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder's notice as described above.
(c) General .
(1) Upon written request by the secretary or the Board of Directors or any committee thereof, any stockholder proposing a nominee for election as a director or any proposal for other business at a meeting of stockholders shall provide, within five Business Days of delivery of such request (or such other period as may be specified in such request), written verification, satisfactory, in the discretion of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof or any authorized officer of the Corporation, to demonstrate the accuracy of any information submitted by the stockholder pursuant to this Section 11. If a stockholder fails to provide such written verification within such period, the information as to which written verification was requested may be deemed not to have been provided in accordance with this Section 11.
(2) Only such individuals who are nominated in accordance with this Section 11 shall be eligible for election by stockholders as directors, and only such business shall be conducted at a meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting in accordance with this Section 11. The chairman of the meeting shall have the power to determine whether a nomination or any other business proposed to be brought before the meeting was made or proposed, as the case may be, in accordance with this Section 11.
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(3) For purposes of this Section 11, (a) the "date of mailing of the notice" shall mean the date of the proxy statement for the solicitation of proxies for election of directors and (b) "public announcement" shall mean disclosure (i) in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press, Business Wire, PR Newswire or comparable news service or (ii) in a document publicly filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Exchange Act.
(4) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 11, a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of state law and of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section 11. Nothing in this Section 11 shall be deemed to affect any right of a stockholder to request inclusion of a proposal in, nor the right of the Corporation to omit a proposal from, the Corporation's proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 (or any successor provision) under the Exchange Act.
Section 12. CONTROL SHARE ACQUISITION ACT . Notwithstanding any other provision of the Charter or these Bylaws, Title 3, Subtitle 7 of the Maryland General Corporation Law (the "MGCL") (or any successor statute) shall not apply to any acquisition by any person of shares of stock of the Corporation. This section may be repealed, in whole or in part, at any time, whether before or after an acquisition of control shares and, upon such repeal, may, to the extent provided by any successor bylaw, apply to any prior or subsequent control share acquisition.
Section 1. GENERAL POWERS . The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed under the direction of its Board of Directors.
Section 2. NUMBER, TENURE AND QUALIFICATIONS . At any regular meeting or at any special meeting called for that purpose, a majority of the entire Board of Directors may establish, increase or decrease the number of directors, provided that the number thereof shall never be less than the minimum number required by the MGCL, nor more than 15, and further provided that the tenure of office of a director shall not be affected by any decrease in the number of directors.
Section 3. ANNUAL AND REGULAR MEETINGS . An annual meeting of the Board of Directors shall be held immediately after and at the same place as the annual meeting of stockholders, no notice other than this Bylaw being necessary. In the event such meeting is not so held, the meeting may be held at such time and place as shall be specified in a notice given as hereinafter provided for special meetings of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may provide, by resolution, the time and place for the holding of regular meetings of the Board of Directors without other notice than such resolution.
Section 4. SPECIAL MEETINGS . Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by or at the request of the chairman of the board, the chief executive officer, the president or by a majority of the directors then in office. The person or persons authorized to call special meetings of the Board of Directors may fix any place as the place for holding any special meeting of the Board of Directors called by them. The Board of Directors may provide, by resolution, the time and place for the holding of special meetings of the Board of Directors without other notice than such resolution.
Section 5. NOTICE . Notice of any special meeting of the Board of Directors shall be delivered personally or by telephone, electronic mail, facsimile transmission, United States mail or courier to each director at his or her business or residence address. Notice by personal delivery, telephone, electronic mail or facsimile transmission shall be given at least 24 hours prior to the meeting. Notice by United States mail shall be given at least three days prior to the meeting. Notice by courier shall be given at least two days prior to the meeting. Telephone notice shall be deemed to be given when the
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director or his or her agent is personally given such notice in a telephone call to which the director or his or her agent is a party. Electronic mail notice shall be deemed to be given upon transmission of the message to the electronic mail address given to the Corporation by the director. Facsimile transmission notice shall be deemed to be given upon completion of the transmission of the message to the number given to the Corporation by the director and receipt of a completed answer-back indicating receipt. Notice by United States mail shall be deemed to be given when deposited in the United States mail properly addressed, with postage thereon prepaid. Notice by courier shall be deemed to be given when deposited with or delivered to a courier properly addressed. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any annual, regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors need be stated in the notice, unless specifically required by statute or these Bylaws.
Section 6. QUORUM . A majority of the directors shall constitute a quorum for transaction of business at any meeting of the Board of Directors, provided that, if less than a majority of such directors are present at said meeting, a majority of the directors present may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice, and provided further that if, pursuant to applicable law, the Charter or these Bylaws, the vote of a majority of a particular group of directors is required for action, a quorum must also include a majority of such group.
The directors present at a meeting which has been duly called and convened may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough directors to leave less than a quorum.
Section 7. VOTING . The action of the majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the action of the Board of Directors, unless the concurrence of a greater proportion is required for such action by applicable law, the Charter or these Bylaws. If enough directors have withdrawn from a meeting to leave less than a quorum but the meeting is not adjourned, the action of the majority of that number of directors necessary to constitute a quorum at such meeting shall be the action of the Board of Directors, unless the concurrence of a greater proportion is required for such action by applicable law, the Charter or these Bylaws.
Section 8. ORGANIZATION . At each meeting of the Board of Directors, the chairman of the board or, in the absence of the chairman, the vice chairman of the board, if any, shall act as chairman of the meeting. In the absence of both the chairman and vice chairman of the board, the chief executive officer or in the absence of the chief executive officer, the president or in the absence of the president, a director chosen by a majority of the directors present, shall act as chairman of the meeting. The secretary or, in his or her absence, an assistant secretary of the Corporation, or in the absence of the secretary and all assistant secretaries, a person appointed by the Chairman, shall act as secretary of the meeting.
Section 9. TELEPHONE MEETINGS . Directors may participate in a meeting by means of a conference telephone or other communications equipment if all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other at the same time. Participation in a meeting by these means shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.
Section 10. CONSENT BY DIRECTORS WITHOUT A MEETING . Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors may be taken without a meeting, if a consent in writing or by electronic transmission to such action is given by each director and is filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors.
Section 11. VACANCIES . If for any reason any or all the directors cease to be directors, such event shall not terminate the Corporation or affect these Bylaws or the powers of the remaining directors hereunder (even if fewer than three directors remain). Until such time as the Corporation becomes subject to Section 3-804(c) of the MGCL, any vacancy on the Board of Directors for any cause other than an increase in the number of directors shall be filled by a majority of the remaining
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directors, even if such majority is less than a quorum; any vacancy in the number of directors created by an increase in the number of directors may be filled by a majority vote of the entire Board of Directors; and any individual so elected as director shall serve until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his or her successor is elected and qualifies. At such time as the Corporation becomes subject to Section 3-804(c) of the MGCL and except as may be provided by the Board of Directors in setting the terms of any class or series of stock, any vacancy on the Board of Directors may be filled only by a majority of the remaining directors, even if the remaining directors do not constitute a quorum, and any director elected to fill a vacancy shall serve for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which the vacancy occurred and until a successor is elected and qualifies.
Section 12. COMPENSATION . Directors shall not receive any stated salary for their services as directors but, by resolution of the Board of Directors, may receive compensation per year and/or per meeting and/or per visit to real property or other facilities owned or leased by the Corporation and for any service or activity they performed or engaged in as directors. Directors may be reimbursed for expenses of attendance, if any, at each annual, regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof and for their expenses, if any, in connection with each property visit and any other service or activity they performed or engaged in as directors; but nothing herein contained shall be construed to preclude any directors from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor.
Section 13. LOSS OF DEPOSITS . No director shall be liable for any loss which may occur by reason of the failure of the bank, trust company, savings and loan association, or other institution with whom moneys or stock have been deposited.
Section 14. SURETY BONDS . Unless required by law, no director shall be obligated to give any bond or surety or other security for the performance of any of his or her duties.
Section 15. RELIANCE . Each director, officer, employee and agent of the Corporation shall, in the performance of his or her duties with respect to the Corporation, be fully justified and protected with regard to any act or failure to act in reliance in good faith upon the books of account or other records of the Corporation, upon an opinion of counsel or upon reports made to the Corporation by any of its officers or employees or by the adviser, accountants, appraisers or other experts or consultants selected by the Board of Directors or officers of the Corporation, regardless of whether such counsel or expert may also be a director.
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Section 1. NUMBER, TENURE AND QUALIFICATIONS . The Board of Directors may appoint from among its members a Nominating and Governance Committee, an Audit Committee, a Compensation Committee and other committees, composed of one or more directors, to serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors. The exact composition of each committee, including the total number of directors and the number of Independent Directors on each such committee, shall at all times comply with the listing requirements and rules and regulations of the New York Stock Exchange, as modified or amended from time to time and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, as modified or amended from time to time. For purposes of this section, "Independent Director" shall have the definition set forth in Section 303.01 of the New York Stock Exchange Listed Company Manual, as amended from time to time, or such superseding definition as is hereafter promulgated by the New York Stock Exchange.
Section 2. POWERS . The Board of Directors may delegate to committees appointed under Section 1 of this Article any of the powers of the Board of Directors, except as prohibited by law.
Section 3. MEETINGS . Notice of committee meetings shall be given in the same manner as notice for special meetings of the Board of Directors. A majority of the members of the committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the committee. The act of a majority of the committee members present at a meeting shall be the act of such committee. The Board of Directors may designate a chairman of any committee, and such chairman or, in the absence of a chairman, any two members of any committee (if there are at least two members of the committee) may fix the time and place of its meeting unless the Board shall otherwise provide. In the absence of any member of any such committee, the members thereof present at any meeting, whether or not they constitute a quorum, may appoint another director to act in the place of such absent member. Each committee shall keep minutes of its proceedings.
Section 4. TELEPHONE MEETINGS . Members of a committee of the Board of Directors may participate in a meeting by means of a conference telephone or other communications equipment if all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other at the same time. Participation in a meeting by these means shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.
Section 5. CONSENT BY COMMITTEES WITHOUT A MEETING . Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of a committee of the Board of Directors may be taken without a meeting, if a consent in writing or by electronic transmission to such action is given by each member of the committee and is filed with the minutes of proceedings of such committee.
Section 6. VACANCIES . Subject to the provisions hereof, the Board of Directors shall have the power at any time to change the membership of any committee, to fill all vacancies, to designate alternate members to replace any absent or disqualified member or to dissolve any such committee.
Section 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS . The officers of the Corporation shall include a president, a secretary and a treasurer and may include a chairman of the board, a vice chairman of the board, a chief executive officer, one or more vice presidents, a chief operating officer, a chief financial officer, one or more assistant secretaries and one or more assistant treasurers. In addition, the Board of Directors may from time to time elect such other officers with such powers and duties as they shall deem necessary or desirable. The officers of the Corporation shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors, except that the chief executive officer or president may from time to time appoint one or
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more vice presidents, assistant secretaries and assistant treasurers or other officers. Each officer shall hold office until his or her successor is elected and qualifies or until his or her death, or his or her resignation or removal in the manner hereinafter provided. Any two or more offices except president and vice president may be held by the same person. Election of an officer or agent shall not of itself create contract rights between the Corporation and such officer or agent.
Section 2. REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION . Any officer or agent of the Corporation may be removed, with or without cause, by the Board of Directors if in its judgment the best interests of the Corporation would be served thereby, but such removal shall be without prejudice to the contract rights, if any, of the person so removed. Any officer of the Corporation may resign at any time by giving written notice of his or her resignation to the Board of Directors, the chairman of the board, the president or the secretary. Any resignation shall take effect immediately upon its receipt or at such later time specified in the notice of resignation. The acceptance of a resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective unless otherwise stated in the resignation. Such resignation shall be without prejudice to the contract rights, if any, of the Corporation.
Section 3. VACANCIES . A vacancy in any office may be filled by the Board of Directors for the balance of the term.
Section 4. CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER . The Board of Directors may designate a chief executive officer. In the absence of such designation, the chairman of the board shall be the chief executive officer of the Corporation. The chief executive officer shall have general responsibility for implementation of the policies of the Corporation, as determined by the Board of Directors, and for the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation. He or she may execute any deed, mortgage, bond, contract or other instrument, except in cases where the execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board of Directors or by these Bylaws to some other officer or agent of the Corporation or shall be required by law to be otherwise executed; and in general shall perform all duties incident to the office of chief executive officer and such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors from time to time.
Section 5. CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER . The Board of Directors may designate a chief operating officer. The chief operating officer shall have the responsibilities and duties as set forth by the Board of Directors or the chief executive officer.
Section 6. CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER . The Board of Directors may designate a chief financial officer. The chief financial officer shall have the responsibilities and duties as set forth by the Board of Directors or the chief executive officer.
Section 7. CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD . The Board of Directors shall designate a chairman of the board. The chairman of the board shall preside over the meetings of the Board of Directors and of the stockholders at which he or she shall be present. The chairman of the board shall perform such other duties as may be assigned to him or her by the Board of Directors.
Section 8. PRESIDENT . In the absence of a chief executive officer, the president shall in general supervise and control all of the business and affairs of the Corporation. In the absence of a designation of a chief operating officer by the Board of Directors, the president shall be the chief operating officer. He or she may execute any deed, mortgage, bond, contract or other instrument, except in cases where the execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board of Directors or by these Bylaws to some other officer or agent of the Corporation or shall be required by law to be otherwise executed; and in general shall perform all duties incident to the office of president and such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors from time to time.
Section 9. VICE PRESIDENTS . In the absence of the president or in the event of a vacancy in such office, the vice president (or in the event there be more than one vice president, the vice presidents in the order designated at the time of their election or, in the absence of any designation,
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then in the order of their election) shall perform the duties of the president and when so acting shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the president; and shall perform such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to such vice president by the president or by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may designate one or more vice presidents as executive vice president, senior vice president, or as vice president for particular areas of responsibility.
Section 10. SECRETARY . The secretary shall (a) keep the minutes of the proceedings of the stockholders, the Board of Directors and committees of the Board of Directors in one or more books provided for that purpose; (b) see that all notices are duly given in accordance with the provisions of these Bylaws or as required by law; (c) be custodian of the corporate records and of the seal of the Corporation; (d) keep a register of the post office address of each stockholder which shall be furnished to the secretary by such stockholder; (e) have general charge of the stock transfer books of the Corporation; and (f) in general perform such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the chief executive officer, the president or by the Board of Directors.
Section 11. TREASURER . The treasurer shall have the custody of the funds and securities of the Corporation and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Corporation and shall deposit all moneys and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Corporation in such depositories as may be designated by the Board of Directors. In the absence of a designation of a chief financial officer by the Board of Directors, the treasurer shall be the chief financial officer of the Corporation.
The treasurer shall disburse the funds of the Corporation as may be ordered by the Board of Directors, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and shall render to the president and Board of Directors, at the regular meetings of the Board of Directors or whenever it may so require, an account of all his or her transactions as treasurer and of the financial condition of the Corporation.
If required by the Board of Directors, the treasurer shall give the Corporation a bond in such sum and with such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the Board of Directors for the faithful performance of the duties of his or her office and for the restoration to the Corporation, in case of his or her death, resignation, retirement or removal from office, of all books, papers, vouchers, moneys and other property of whatever kind in his or her possession or under his or her control belonging to the Corporation.
Section 12. ASSISTANT SECRETARIES AND ASSISTANT TREASURERS . The assistant secretaries and assistant treasurers, in general, shall perform such duties as shall be assigned to them by the secretary or treasurer, respectively, or by the president or the Board of Directors. The assistant treasurers shall, if required by the Board of Directors, give bonds for the faithful performance of their duties in such sums and with such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the Board of Directors.
Section 13. SALARIES . The salaries and other compensation of the officers shall be fixed from time to time by the Board of Directors and no officer shall be prevented from receiving such salary or other compensation by reason of the fact that he or she is also a director.
ARTICLE VI
CONTRACTS, LOANS, CHECKS AND DEPOSITS
Section 1. CONTRACTS . The Board of Directors or a committee thereof within the scope of its delegated authority may authorize any officer or agent to enter into any contract or to execute and deliver any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the Corporation and such authority may be general or confined to specific instances. Any agreement, deed, mortgage, lease or other document shall be valid and binding upon the Corporation when duly authorized or ratified by action of the Board of Directors or a committee thereof and executed by an authorized person.
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Section 2. CHECKS AND DRAFTS . All checks, drafts or other orders for the payment of money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness issued in the name of the Corporation shall be signed by such officer or agent of the Corporation in such manner as shall from time to time be determined by the Board of Directors.
Section 3. DEPOSITS . All funds of the Corporation not otherwise employed shall be deposited from time to time to the credit of the Corporation in such banks, trust companies or other depositories as the Board of Directors may designate.
Section 1. CERTIFICATES . Except as otherwise provided in these Bylaws, this Section shall not be interpreted to limit the authority of the Board of Directors to issue some or all of the shares of any or all of the Corporation's classes or series without certificates. Each stockholder, upon written request to the secretary of the Corporation, shall be entitled to a certificate or certificates which shall represent and certify the number of shares of each class of stock held by him in the Corporation. Each certificate shall be signed by the chairman or vice chairman of the board, the chief executive officer, the chief operating officer, the president, the chief financial officer or a vice president and countersigned by the secretary or an assistant secretary or the treasurer or an assistant treasurer and may be sealed with the seal, if any, of the Corporation. The signatures may be either manual or facsimile. Certificates shall be consecutively numbered; and if the Corporation shall, from time to time, issue several classes of stock, each class may have its own number series. A certificate is valid and may be issued whether or not an officer who signed it is still an officer when it is issued. Each certificate representing shares which are restricted as to their transferability or voting powers, which are preferred or limited as to their dividends or as to their allocable portion of the assets upon liquidation or which are redeemable at the option of the Corporation, shall have a statement of such restriction, limitation, preference or redemption provision, or a summary thereof, plainly stated on the certificate. If the Corporation has authority to issue stock of more than one class, the certificate shall contain on the face or back a full statement or summary of the designations and any preferences, conversion and other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends and other distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption of each class of stock and, if the Corporation is authorized to issue any preferred or special class in series, the differences in the relative rights and preferences between the shares of each series to the extent they have been set and the authority of the Board of Directors to set the relative rights and preferences of subsequent series. In lieu of such statement or summary, the certificate may state that the Corporation will furnish a full statement of such information to any stockholder upon request and without charge. If any class of stock is restricted by the Corporation as to transferability, the certificate shall contain a full statement of the restriction or state that the Corporation will furnish information about the restrictions to the stockholder on request and without charge.
Section 2. TRANSFERS . Upon surrender to the Corporation or the transfer agent of the Corporation of a stock certificate duly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignment or authority to transfer, the Corporation shall issue a new certificate to the person entitled thereto, cancel the old certificate and record the transaction upon its books.
The Corporation shall be entitled to treat the holder of record of any share of stock as the holder in fact thereof and, accordingly, shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of the State of Maryland.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, transfers of shares of any class of stock will be subject in all respects to the Charter and all of the terms and conditions contained therein.
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Section 3. REPLACEMENT CERTIFICATE . Any officer designated by the Board of Directors may direct a new certificate to be issued in place of any certificate previously issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate to be lost, stolen or destroyed. When authorizing the issuance of a new certificate, an officer designated by the Board of Directors may, in his or her discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed certificate or the owner's legal representative to advertise the same in such manner as he shall require and/or to give bond, with sufficient surety, to the Corporation to indemnify it against any loss or claim which may arise as a result of the issuance of a new certificate.
Section 4. CLOSING OF TRANSFER BOOKS OR FIXING OF RECORD DATE . The Board of Directors may set, in advance, a record date for the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or determining stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or the allotment of any other rights, or in order to make a determination of stockholders for any other proper purpose. Such date, in any case, shall not be prior to the close of business on the day the record date is fixed and shall be not more than 90 days and, in the case of a meeting of stockholders, not less than ten days, before the date on which the meeting or particular action requiring such determination of stockholders of record is to be held or taken.
In lieu of fixing a record date, the Board of Directors may provide that the stock transfer books shall be closed for a stated period but not longer than 20 days. If the stock transfer books are closed for the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders, such books shall be closed for at least ten days before the date of such meeting.
If no record date is fixed and the stock transfer books are not closed for the determination of stockholders, (a) the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day on which the notice of meeting is mailed or the 30th day before the meeting, whichever is the closer date to the meeting; and (b) the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive payment of a dividend or an allotment of any other rights shall be the close of business on the day on which the resolution of the directors, declaring the dividend or allotment of rights, is adopted.
When a determination of stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders has been made as provided in this section, such determination shall apply to any adjournment thereof, except when (i) the determination has been made through the closing of the transfer books and the stated period of closing has expired or (ii) the meeting is adjourned to a date more than 120 days after the record date fixed for the original meeting, in either of which case a new record date shall be determined as set forth herein.
Section 5. STOCK LEDGER . The Corporation shall maintain at its principal office or at the office of its counsel, accountants or transfer agent, an original or duplicate share ledger containing the name and address of each stockholder and the number of shares of each class held by such stockholder.
Section 6. FRACTIONAL STOCK; ISSUANCE OF UNITS . The Board of Directors may issue fractional stock or provide for the issuance of scrip, all on such terms and under such conditions as they may determine. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Charter or these Bylaws, the Board of Directors may issue units consisting of different securities of the Corporation. Any security issued in a unit shall have the same characteristics as any identical securities issued by the Corporation, except that the Board of Directors may provide that for a specified period securities of the Corporation issued in such unit may be transferred on the books of the Corporation only in such unit.
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The Board of Directors shall have the power, from time to time, to fix the fiscal year of the Corporation by a duly adopted resolution.
Section 1. AUTHORIZATION . Dividends and other distributions upon the stock of the Corporation may be authorized by the Board of Directors, subject to the provisions of law and the Charter. Dividends and other distributions may be paid in cash, property or stock of the Corporation, subject to the provisions of law and the Charter.
Section 2. CONTINGENCIES . Before payment of any dividends or other distributions, there may be set aside out of any assets of the Corporation available for dividends or other distributions such sum or sums as the Board of Directors may from time to time, in its absolute discretion, think proper as a reserve fund for contingencies, for equalizing dividends or other distributions, for repairing or maintaining any property of the Corporation or for such other purpose as the Board of Directors shall determine to be in the best interest of the Corporation, and the Board of Directors may modify or abolish any such reserve.
Subject to the provisions of the Charter, the Board of Directors may from time to time adopt, amend, revise or terminate any policy or policies with respect to investments by the Corporation as it shall deem appropriate in its sole discretion.
Section 1. SEAL . The Board of Directors may authorize the adoption of a seal by the Corporation. The seal shall contain the name of the Corporation and the year of its incorporation and the words "Incorporated Maryland." The Board of Directors may authorize one or more duplicate seals and provide for the custody thereof.
Section 2. AFFIXING SEAL . Whenever the Corporation is permitted or required to affix its seal to a document, it shall be sufficient to meet the requirements of any law, rule or regulation relating to a seal to place the word "(SEAL)" adjacent to the signature of the person authorized to execute the document on behalf of the Corporation.
ARTICLE XII
INDEMNIFICATION AND ADVANCE OF EXPENSES
To the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law in effect from time to time, the Corporation shall indemnify and, without requiring a preliminary determination of the ultimate entitlement to indemnification, shall pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding to (a) any individual who is a present or former director or officer of the Corporation and who is made or threatened to be made a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity or (b) any individual who, while a director or officer of the Corporation and at the request of the Corporation, serves or has served as a director, officer, partner or trustee of such corporation, real
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estate investment trust, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise and who is made or threatened to be made a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity. The Corporation may, with the approval of its Board of Directors or any duly authorized committee thereof, provide such indemnification and advance for expenses to a person who served a predecessor of the Corporation in any of the capacities described in (a) or (b) above and to any employee or agent of the Corporation or a predecessor of the Corporation. The indemnification and payment of expenses provided in these Bylaws shall not be deemed exclusive of or limit in any way other rights to which any person seeking indemnification or payment of expenses may be or may become entitled under any bylaw, regulation, insurance, agreement or otherwise.
Neither the amendment nor repeal of this Article, nor the adoption or amendment of any other provision of these Bylaws or the Charter inconsistent with this Article, shall apply to or affect in any respect the applicability of the preceding paragraph with respect to any act or failure to act which occurred prior to such amendment, repeal or adoption.
Whenever any notice is required to be given pursuant to the Charter or these Bylaws or pursuant to applicable law, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled to such notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to the giving of such notice. Neither the business to be transacted at nor the purpose of any meeting need be set forth in the waiver of notice, unless specifically required by statute. The attendance of any person at any meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where such person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business on the ground that the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.
ARTICLE XIV
AMENDMENT OF BYLAWS
The Board of Directors shall have the exclusive power to adopt, alter or repeal any provision of these Bylaws and to make new Bylaws.
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[VENABLE LLP LETTERHEAD]
October 18, 2006
Douglas
Emmett, Inc.
808 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 200
Santa Monica, California 90401
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have served as Maryland counsel to Douglas Emmett, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the "Company"), in connection with certain matters of Maryland law relating to the registration by the Company of up to 63,250,000 shares (the "Shares") of the Company's common stock, $0.01 par value per share (the "Common Stock"), to be issued by the Company in an underwritten initial public offering covered by the above referenced Registration Statement, and all amendments thereto (collectively, the "Registration Statement"), filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act").
In connection with our representation of the Company, and as a basis for the opinion hereinafter set forth, we have examined originals, or copies certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of the following documents (hereinafter collectively referred to as the "Documents"):
1. The Registration Statement and the related form of prospectus included therein, in the form in which it was filed with the Commission under the Securities Act;
2. The charter of the Company (the "Charter"), certified as of a recent date by the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland (the "SDAT");
3. The Bylaws of the Company, certified as of a recent date by an officer of the Company;
4. Resolutions adopted by the Board of Directors of the Company (the "Resolutions"), relating to the registration, sale and issuance of the Shares, certified as of a recent date by an officer of the Company;
5. A certificate of the SDAT as to the good standing of the Company, dated as of a recent date;
6. A certificate executed by an officer of the Company, dated as of a recent date; and
7. Such other documents and matters as we have deemed necessary or appropriate to express the opinion set forth in this letter, subject to the assumptions, limitations and qualifications stated herein.
In expressing the opinion set forth below, we have assumed the following:
1. Each individual executing any of the Documents, whether on behalf of such individual or another person, is legally competent to do so.
2. Each individual executing any of the Documents on behalf of a party (other than the Company) is duly authorized to do so.
3. Each of the parties (other than the Company) executing any of the Documents has duly and validly executed and delivered each of the Documents to which such party is a signatory, and each such party's obligations set forth therein are legal, valid and binding and are enforceable in accordance with all stated terms.
4. All Documents submitted to us as originals are authentic. The form and content of all Documents submitted to us as unexecuted drafts do not differ in any respect relevant to this opinion from the form and content of such Documents as executed and delivered. All Documents submitted to us as certified or photostatic copies conform to the original documents. All signatures on all
Documents are genuine. All public records reviewed or relied upon by us or on our behalf are true and complete. All representations, warranties, statements and information contained in the Documents are true and complete. There has been no oral or written modification of or amendment to any of the Documents, and there has been no waiver of any provision of any of the Documents, by action or omission of the parties or otherwise.
5. The Shares will not be issued in violation of any restriction or limitation contained in Article VI of the Charter.
Based upon the foregoing, and subject to the assumptions, limitations and qualifications stated herein, it is our opinion that:
1. The Company is a corporation, duly incorporated and existing under and by virtue of the laws of the State of Maryland and is in good standing with the SDAT.
2. The issuance of the Shares has been duly authorized and, when and if delivered against payment therefor in accordance with the Registration Statement, the Resolutions and any other resolutions adopted by the Board relating thereto against payment of the consideration set forth therein, the Shares will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.
The foregoing opinion is limited to the laws of the State of Maryland and we do not express any opinion herein concerning any other law. We express no opinion as to the applicability or effect of any federal or state securities laws, including the securities laws of the State of Maryland. To the extent that any matter as to which our opinion is expressed herein would be governed by the laws of any jurisdiction other than the State of Maryland, we do not express any opinion on such matter.
The opinion expressed herein is limited to the matters specifically set forth herein and no other opinion shall be inferred beyond the matters expressly stated. We assume no obligation to supplement this opinion if any applicable law changes after the date hereof or if we become aware of any fact that might change the opinion expressed herein after the date hereof.
This opinion is being furnished to you for your submission to the Commission as an exhibit to the Registration Statement.
We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the use of the name of our firm therein. In giving this consent, we do not admit that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required by Section 7 of the Securities Act.
Very truly yours, | ||
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/s/ Venable LLP |
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[Letterhead of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP]
October 17, 2006
Douglas
Emmett, Inc.
808 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 200
Santa Monica, California 90401
Ladies and Gentlemen:
You have requested our opinion concerning certain Federal income tax considerations in connection with the offering (the "Offering") of shares of common stock, $.01 par value per share (the "Common Stock"), by Douglas Emmett, Inc., a Maryland corporation ("Douglas Emmett"), pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-11 (No. 333-135082) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission"), as amended through the date hereof (the "Registration Statement"). We have acted as tax counsel to Douglas Emmett in connection with the Offering, and we have participated in the preparation of the Registration Statement.
In connection with this opinion, we have examined originals or copies, certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of the Registration Statement and such other documentation and information provided to us by you as we have deemed necessary or appropriate as a basis for the opinion set forth herein. In addition, you have provided us with, and we are relying upon, a certificate containing certain factual representations and covenants of officers of Douglas Emmett (the "Officers' Certificate") relating to, among other things, the proposed operations of Douglas Emmett and the entities in which it holds, a direct or indirect interest (collectively, the "Company"). For purposes of our opinion, we have not independently verified all of the facts, representations and covenants set forth in the Officers' Certificate, the Registration Statement, or in any other document. We have, consequently, assumed and relied on your representation that the information presented in the Officers' Certificate, the Registration Statement, and other documents, or otherwise furnished to us, accurately and completely describes all material facts relevant to the Offering and our opinion. We have assumed that such statements, representations and covenants are true without regard to any qualification as to knowledge or belief. Our opinion is conditioned on the continuing accuracy and completeness of such statements, representations and covenants. We are not aware of any facts inconsistent with such statements, representations and covenants. Any material change or inaccuracy in the facts referred to, set forth, or assumed herein or in the Officers' Certificate may affect our conclusions set forth herein.
In our review of certain documents in connection with our opinion as expressed below, we have assumed the legal capacity of all natural persons, the genuineness of all signatures, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as certified, conformed or photostatic copies, and the authenticity of the originals of such copies. Where documents have been provided to us in draft form, we have assumed that the final executed versions of such documents will not differ materially from such drafts.
Our opinion is also based on the correctness of the following assumptions: (i) Douglas Emmett will elect to be taxed as a real estate investment trust ("REIT") under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), with the filing of its 2006 tax return, (ii) Douglas Emmett and each of the entities comprising the Company has been and will continue to be operated in accordance with the laws of the jurisdiction in which it was formed and in the manner described in the relevant organizational documents, (iii) there will be no changes in the applicable laws of the State of Maryland or of any other jurisdiction under the laws of which any of the entities comprising the Company have been formed, and (iv) each of the written agreements to which the Company is a party has been and will be implemented, construed and enforced in accordance with its terms.
In rendering our opinion, we have considered and relied upon the Code, the regulations promulgated thereunder ("Regulations"), administrative rulings and other interpretations of the Code and the Regulations by the courts and the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS"), all as they exist at the date hereof. It should be noted that the Code, Regulations, judicial decisions, and administrative interpretations are subject to change at any time and, in some circumstances, with retroactive effect. A material change that is made after the date hereof in any of the foregoing bases for our opinion could affect our conclusions set forth herein. In this regard, an opinion of counsel with respect to an issue represents counsel's best judgment as to the outcome on the merits with respect to such issue, is not binding on the IRS or the courts, and is not a guarantee that the IRS will not assert a contrary position with respect to such issue or that a court will not sustain such a position if asserted by the IRS.
Based on the foregoing, we are of the opinion that:
1. Commencing with Douglas Emmett's tax year ending on December 31, 2006, Douglas Emmett will be organized in conformity with the requirements for qualification as a REIT under the Code, and its proposed method of operation will enable it to meet the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT under the Code. As noted in the Registration Statement, Douglas Emmett's qualification and taxation as a REIT depend upon its ability to meet, through actual operating results, certain requirements relating to the sources of its income, the nature of its assets, distribution levels and diversity of stock ownership, and various other qualification tests imposed under the Code, the results of which are not reviewed by us. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that the actual results of Douglas Emmett's operation for any one tax year will satisfy the requirements for taxation as a REIT under the Code.
2. Although the discussion set forth in the Registration Statement under the heading "Federal Income Tax Considerations" does not purport to discuss all possible United States Federal income tax consequences relating to Douglas Emmett's status as a REIT or of the ownership and disposition of Common Stock of Douglas Emmett, such discussion, though general in nature, constitutes, in all material respects, a fair and accurate summary under current law of the material United States Federal income tax consequences relating to Douglas Emmett's status as a REIT and of the ownership and disposition of Common Stock of Douglas Emmett, subject to the qualifications set forth therein.
We express no opinion on any issue relating to Douglas Emmett or any investment therein, other than as expressly stated above.
This opinion has been prepared for you in connection with the Offering. We consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the reference to Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP under the captions "Federal Income Tax Considerations" and "Legal Matters" in the Registration Statement. In giving this consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the rules and regulations of the Commission. This opinion is expressed as of the date hereof, and we are under no obligation to supplement or revise our opinion to reflect any legal developments or factual matters arising subsequent to the date hereof, or the impact of any information, document, certificate, record, statement, representation, covenant, or assumption relied upon herein that becomes incorrect or untrue.
Very truly yours, | ||
/s/
SKADDEN, ARPS, SLATE, MEAGHER & FLOM LLP
Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP |
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